query: when did the women 's rights movement take place

pos: Women's rights to meet those objectives." Women's rights Women's rights are the rights and entitlements claimed for women and girls worldwide, and formed the basis for the women's rights movement in the nineteenth century and feminist movement during the 20th century. In some countries, these rights are institutionalized or supported by law, local custom, and behavior, whereas in others they are ignored and suppressed. They differ from broader notions of human rights through claims of an inherent historical and traditional bias against the exercise of rights by women and girls, in favor of men and boys. Issues commonly associated with notions of

pos: Iowa Sisterhood 20th century, society in general experienced a reassertion of male authority. Unitarianism's leaders began a concerted return to a more manly ministry in order to revitalize the denomination. The move of rural populations to the cities further undermined the Sisterhood's efforts and congregations. Most of the women ministers were rushed into retirement. Others left to pursue social justice work in peace, suffrage, and social work movements. They remained vocal about the rights of women and the place of church in society. It was not a large movement, nor was it long-lasting. The Iowa Sisterhood did not radically alter the possibilities

pos: Feminist movement shifting gender roles as women gained greater rights and freedoms during the 20th century: Feminist theology is a movement that reconsiders the traditions, practices, scriptures, and theologies of religions from a feminist perspective. Some of the goals of feminist theology include increasing the role of women among the clergy and religious authorities, reinterpreting male-dominated imagery and language about God, determining the place of women in relation to career and motherhood, and studying images of women in the religion's sacred texts. The feminist movement has affected religion and theology in profound ways. In liberal branches of Protestant Christianity, women are now

pos: Postcolonial feminism discussed further below. The history of modern feminist movements can be divided into three waves. When first-wave feminism originated in the late nineteenth century, it arose as a movement among white, middle-class women in the global North who were reasonably able to access both resources and education. Thus, the first wave of feminism almost exclusively addressed the issues of these women who were relatively well off. The first-wavers focused on absolute rights such as suffrage and overturning other barriers to legal gender equality. This population did not include the realities of women of color who felt the force of racial

neg: Dragon Ladies: Asian American Feminists Breathe Fire internment camps in exchange. Women who tried to request leave were dismissed by government officials because of their status and reputation. As a result, Asian women fared many obstacles that left them oppressed. It wasn't until 1965 when the immigration act welcomed an influx of Asian immigrants into the states to fill job positions like physicians, doctors, and engineers, did it alter the face of Asian America and politics. Before the formation of the Asian feminism movement that is known today, there was the Asian American Movement. From the early 1950s to early 1960's, the civil rights movement was ensuing.

neg: Fathers' rights movement criticized the movement for allegedly perpetuating negative stereotypes of women as deceptive, vindictive, and irresponsible, as well as the stereotype that women are out to take advantage of men financially. Public supporters of the fathers' rights movement and their issues include Live Aid founder Bob Geldof, Irish writer and journalist John Waters and Karen DeCrow, former president of the National Organization for Women. Other notable commentators include: Fathers' rights movement The fathers' rights movement is a movement whose members are primarily interested in issues related to family law, including child custody and child support that affect fathers and their children.

neg: Alvin Francis Poussaint social life during the Civil Rights Movement. The stress that white women could encounter come from two fronts - the white community and the blacks whom they work around. Poussaint describes how white women helping in the civil rights movements appears like a rejection that they have of their own communities. So, white communities may label them as "white trash." The black community did not want white female workers to help in the first place because they believed them being there would cause inherent problems. Many white women were not greeted or welcomed by most blacks there because they did

neg: Voting rights in the United States movement. Middle- and upper-class women generally became more politically active in the northern tier during and after the war. In 1848, the Seneca Falls Convention, the first women's rights convention, was held in Seneca Falls, New York. Of the 300 present, 68 women and 32 men signed the Declaration of Sentiments which defined the women's rights movement. The first National Women's Rights Convention took place in 1850 in Worcester, Massachusetts, attracting more than 1,000 participants. This national convention was held yearly through 1860. When Susan B. Anthony and Elizabeth Cady Stanton formed the National Women Suffrage Association, their goal was

neg: Elizabeth Robins dealing with the women's movement, some of which had never previously appeared in print (Way Stations, published by Dodd, Mead and Company, New York, 1913). Robins was involved in the campaign to allow women to enter the House of Lords. Her friend, Margaret Haig, was the daughter of Viscount Rhondda. He was a supporter of women's rights and in his will made arrangements for Margaret to inherit his title. This was considered radical, as women did not normally inherit peerage titles. When Rhondda died in 1918 the House of Lords refused to allow Margaret, now the Viscountess Rhondda, to take

neg: Feminist movements and ideologies fight racism and classism. The first organized movement formed by Asian American women followed the Asian American movement in the 1960s, which was influenced by the Civil Rights Movement and anti-Vietnam War sentiment. However, as Asian American women's participation became increasingly active, they faced sexism and realized that many of the organizations did not recognize their needs and struggles as women. While Asian American women believed that they face the same social and equality issues as Asian American men, many Asian American men did not share the same sentiment. In the mid 1960s when more and more Asian women began

neg: Black feminism A Journal of Female Liberation". Weathers states her belief that "women's liberation should be considered as a strategy for an eventual tie-up with the entire revolutionary movement consisting of women, men, and children", but she posits that "[w]e women must start this thing rolling" because Not only did the Civil Rights Movement primarily focus on the oppression of black men, but many black women faced severe sexism within civil rights groups such as the Student Nonviolent Coordinating Committee.Within the Civil Rights Movement, men dominated the powerful positions. However, Black Feminists did not want the movement to be the struggle for

neg: Feminism in Poland to change the focus of International Women's Day in order to mobilize women toward activism. In Poland, stereotypes view women as either man hating feminists (much like the stereotype seen in America) or traditional mother figures. The movement to reclaim International Women's Day is focused on viewing women as complex individuals, not just through these popular stereotypes. Since 2000, Women's Day in Poland is celebrated with feminist demonstration actions called Manifa . Demonstrations and happenings take place nationwide, providing a platform to fight for women's rights. Agnieszka Graff (1970- ) -an author, human rights activist, and a co founder of

neg: Papaye Peasant Movement on a variety of subjects and prepares them to take on leadership roles later in life. The Movement of Women of MPP, along with a separate association for and run by women, was established in 1981 in order to attack gender inequality within the movement. These two entities focus on tackling violence against women, defending social and cultural rights, as well as promoting economic independence. During its early years, the MPP had to maintain a relatively low profile due to political and economic oppression imposed by the Duvalier regime in Haiti. When Duvalier was forced out in 1986, the movement

neg: Civil rights movements which later became known as Aztlán. That version of the past did not, but take into account the history of those Mexicans who had immigrated to the United States. It also gave little attention to the rights of undocumented immigrants in the United States in the 1960s— which is not surprising, since immigration did not have the political significance it later acquired. It was a decade later when activists, such as Bert Corona in California, embraced the rights of undocumented workers and helped broaden the movement to include their issues. When the movement dealt with practical problems in the 1960s,

neg: Bloomers (clothing) dress rather than as a health dress did nothing to recommend it to the orthodox clergy and other critics of the woman's rights movement, who denounced the wearing of pants by women as a usurpation of male authority. Associating it with the woman's rights movement, the "New York Sunday Mercury" published a woodcarving representing the woman's rights convention held in Akron, Ohio, in May 1851. It depicted every woman in coat, breeches, and high boots, sitting cross-legged and smoking cigars, when in truth not a bloomer was present. Some young women were denied church membership for wearing the dress. Public

neg: Amy and Isaac Post Post called it to order and read the suggested slate of officers. The proposal for a woman to be president of the convention was strongly opposed by some of the leaders of the women's movement who were present, fearing that women were not yet ready to take that step. Bush was elected despite the opposition, making this the first public meeting of both men and women in the U. S. whose presiding officer was a woman. Amy Post continued to attend women's rights conventions, and at a convention in Rochester in 1853, she signed "The Just and Equal Rights of

neg: Center for Women's Global Leadership are supported by thousands of individuals and organizations from around the world. These constituencies rally to take action to protect individual rights defenders and advocates in countries from Serbia to Iran. Activities include a series of Global Tribunals, petitions, and "Take Action" kits. Additionally, the Center also holds public forums to conduct assessments of the women's human rights movement. One such event was the "International Strategic Directions Consultation" that took place in November 2003 as part of the Vienna + 10 Updates. The Women Human Rights Defenders International Coalition is a resource and advocacy network for the protection and support

neg: Men's rights movement actively opposing and attempting to dismantle services and supports put in place to protect abused women and children. Domestic abuse expert Lundy Bancroft has called men's rights "the abuser's crusade" and said that the attitudes of the movement contribute to abuse of women. Other researchers such as Michael Flood have accused the men's rights movement, particularly the father's rights groups in Australia, of endangering women, children, and even men who are at greater risk of abuse and violence. Flood states that the men's rights/father's rights groups in Australia pursues "equality with a vengeance" or equal policies with negative outcomes and

neg: Die Freundin vs. “feminine” lesbians (similar to today's butch and femme roll distribution) then lead to discussions about to what extent such roles continued to promote and reinforce stereotypes, which in the context the emerging women's movement was an important contribution. "Die Freundin"’s general texts on the women's movement were found very sporadically. "Die Freundin" did not draw a specific alliance with the women's movement at the time, even though in 1924 the magazine claimed it would "advocate equal rights for women in social life". None of the subjects of the women's movement that were being discussed at that time were covered

neg: Mujeres Libres often disregarded or their participation unacknowledged, whether due to sexism or hesitation of women to get involved. Men, generally, didn’t take women seriously in the public or the political contexts. At meetings of groups, like the FIJL, women were laughed at before they even spoke. This occurred despite the fact that organizations like the CNT held the official view that men and women were to be treated equally at home and in the movement. The beliefs within the libertarian community was that "the two sexes will be equal, both in rights and in obligation." The Mujeres Libres did not identify

neg: Feminism in South Korea South Korea that were founded before the second World War and post 1945, most of these groups did not focus solely on women's rights until the mid-1980s. The contemporary feminist movement in South Korea today can be traced back to the "minjung undong" or mass people's movement of South Korea. As the minjung movement grew, so did the focus on women's rights. The exploitation of women labor in factories during South Korea's “economic miracle” gave the minjung movement a women's issue to focus on. The core of the minjung movement was thought to be poor rural and urban women. In

neg: Coretta Scott King lose their mother". Shortly after that King decided to take the helm of the movement herself. Coretta Scott King eventually broadened her focus to include women's rights, LGBT rights, economic issues, world peace, and various other causes. As early as December 1968, she called for women to "unite and form a solid block of women power to fight the three great evils of racism, poverty and war", during a Solidarity Day speech. On April 27, 1968, King spoke at an anti-war demonstration in Central Park in place of her husband. King made it clear that there was no reason "why

neg: Civil rights movement Much of the reasoning for the lesser role that women took in the movement was that it was time for black men to take on a role as a leader now that they had the opportunity. Women got very little recognition for their roles in the civil rights movement despite the fact that they were heavily involved with the participation and planning. A 2018 study in the "American Journal of Political Science" found that civil rights protest activity had a meaningful persistent impact on attitudes in the long-run. The study found that "whites from counties that experienced historical civil rights

neg: Vahida Maglajlić it. Maglajlić thus ran the household up to the start of World War II. Although she did not pursue her education any further, Maglajlić became acquainted with Marxism and the labour movement through her brothers, who studied in Sarajevo and Zagreb. She was among the first Bosnian Muslim women to take part in the labour movement and through it became more closely involved with the women's rights movement. She was also active in the International Red Aid, and later presided over Banja Luka's women's organization. Her father allowed her to stop wearing her veil, but she outraged her family and

neg: Civil rights movement Ehrenreich note that backlash's primary constituency was suburban and middle-class, but not working-class whites: "among the white electorate, one half of blue-collar voters…cast their ballot for [the liberal presidential candidate] Hubert Humphrey in 1968…only in the South did George Wallace draw substantially more blue-collar than white-collar support." Women often acted as leaders in the civil rights movement and led organizations that contributed to the cause of civil rights. African-American women stepped into the roles that men had previously held. Women were members of the NAACP because they believed it could help them contribute to the cause of civil rights. Women

neg: Civil rights movement was discouraged in spite of her being the oldest and most experienced person on the staff. Within the ministers' patriarchal hierarchy, age and experience were actually considered detriments for a woman. Her role as an executive was only assigned as a placeholder for a male leader. Women that worked under SNCC did the clerical work and were not consistently given leadership positions. Women who worked in multiple civil rights organizations noted that males tended to become the leaders and women "faded into the background" and the men of the movement did not acknowledge the gender discrimination present in the organization.

neg: Social justice feminism aspire to be about [women’s] rights or social justice”. Those who wanted it to be about women’s rights feared that a social justice title would ignore the discrimination that women face. This is due to the fact feminism and the beginnings of the woman’s movement was portrayed as for white middle aged women. Therefore, these white women did not want the movement to be seen as social justice. They did not understand that by viewing it as social justice feminism, it includes more people’s right than just theirs; it includes minorities just as much. Ultimately, the NWMI wanted to “regain

neg: Women in Denmark equal opportunity laws during the 1920s, which influenced the present-day legislative measures to grant women access to education, work, marital rights and other obligations. The second wave of women's movement was organized with the "Rødstrømpebevægelsen" (the Red Stocking movement). The effort led to "institutionalized feminism" (managed directly by the Danish government) and to the "mainstreaming of equal opportunities" between Danish men and women. Women in Denmark gained the right to vote on 5 June 1915. The Danish Women's Society (DK) debated, and informally supported, women's suffrage from 1884, but it did not support it publicly until in 1887, when it

neg: Women in Law & Development in Africa their General Assembly every few years to plan and prioritize for the future, reaffirm and add to their objectives as well as celebrate accomplishments. WiLDAF grew out of the movement called "women's rights as human rights", which emphasizes that rights can be lobbied for, enforced and monitored as opposed to the language of "needs". It also moves away from manifestos and demands present in earlier feminist discourse. Furthermore, Human rights does not take the standard as the rights of "men", therefore organizations can better address the reproductive, maternity, gender-based discrimination and domestic violence needs that women require. This movement advocated

neg: Men's rights movement clear evidence and despite the press coverage, there is a deafening policy silence on the issue. Has the women’s movement now become so normalised that we cannot conceive of needing to take positive action to secure equal education outcomes for boys?” The men's rights movement rejects the concept that men are privileged relative to women. The movement is divided into two groups: those who consider men and women to be harmed equally by sexism, and those who view society as endorsing the degradation of men and upholding what they term "female privilege". Connor et al. have rejected the idea of

neg: Women's rights movement in Iran Lahiji, and Shahla Sherkat, the editors of "Zanan", led the debate on women's rights and demanded reforms. The leadership did not respond but, for the first time since the revolution, did not silence the movement. One Million Signatures for the Repeal of Discriminatory Laws, also known as Change for Equality, is a campaign by women in Iran to collect one million signatures in support of changing discriminatory laws against women in their country. The campaign seeks to secure equal rights in marriage and inheritance, an end to polygamy, and stricter punishments for honour killings and other forms of violence. It

neg: Samuel S. Snow Samuel S. Snow Samuel Sheffield Snow (1806–1890) was a skeptic turned Millerite preacher who calculated that the return of Christ was to take place on October 22, 1844. His teaching sparked what became known as the "Seventh-month movement," which led to the Great Disappointment when Jesus did not return as expected. Until the age of 35, Snow had been "a settled unbeliever in the Bible." He had even worked as an agent for the "Boston Investigator", an avowedly atheistic newspaper. He was converted to Christianity in 1839, as a result of reading a copy of William Miller's lectures that his

neg: Women in law enforcement in the United States official, standardized, and widespread roles in law enforcement at all levels during the 1960s, 1970s, and 1980s, at the confluence of the second-wave feminist movement, national equal opportunity legislation, and changing economic structures. However, this progress often took place in police departments that still had policies that limited opportunities for women to take leadership roles and integrate fully into departmental work. Some of these changes came quickly, others more slowly over time. Firstly, the passage of the Civil Rights Act of 1964, specifically Title VII, made it more difficult for men to discriminate against women in hiring and employment, a

neg: Aušrininkai universities were searching for husbands instead of trying to learn), and at the same time encouraged other women to become more active. A more theoretical study was prepared by Petras Klimas in 1913 based on works of Clara Zetkin, Alexandra Kollontai, and Ellen Key. He did not support feminism (as in equal rights of men and women) but viewed women's movement as a component of the larger socialist movement. During World War I, the idea of equal rights became commonly accepted and the issue was rarely discussed in "Aušrinė". Instead, more women joined the movement and took official posts. Aušrininkai

neg: Samuel S. Snow brother had bought. After his conversion, he joined a Congregational Church in 1840. In 1842, at a Millerite camp meeting (see also: Seventh-day Adventist camp meetings) in East Kingston, New Hampshire, he devoted himself to preaching the Millerite message full-time. Samuel Snow on Find a Grave: www.findagrave.com/cgi-bin/fg.cgi?page=gr&GRid=85595584 Samuel S. Snow Samuel Sheffield Snow (1806–1890) was a skeptic turned Millerite preacher who calculated that the return of Christ was to take place on October 22, 1844. His teaching sparked what became known as the "Seventh-month movement," which led to the Great Disappointment when Jesus did not return as expected. Until the

neg: Campus sexual assault also found that student expelled under an affirmative consent policy was required to prove his innocence, contrary to legal practice and due process rights. In view of what they considered poor responses by institutions to protect women, some student and other activists groups started raising awareness of the threats and harm women experience on campus. The first "Take Back the Night" march took place in 1978 in San Francisco, and then spread to many college campuses. SlutWalk is a more recent movement against sexual violence. Some individuals have become notable activists. Emma Sulkowicz, then a student at Columbia University, created

neg: Feminist performance art movement which too place in the 1970s and focused on the Vietnam war and east LA conditions at the time, the post apartheid movement which took place during the 60's and 70's, and the Anti War movement of the George W Bush administration. As Forte writes in her analysis of feminist performance art in the 1960s and 1970s, “Within this movement, women's performance emerges as a specific strategy that allies postmodernism and feminism … women used performance as a deconstructive strategy to demonstrate the objectification of women and its results”. Another strategy that was commonly used by feminist performance artists

neg: Labor feminism feminists located women's rights within a framework of women's service as workers and homemakers, rather than the framework of liberal individualism used by equal rights feminists. Legal scholars challenged the idea of a legally viable model of promoting equal rights that did not erode those protections already in place for women. First, they argued that this would be problematic from an application standpoint. Legislation that afforded privileges to women that were not available to men would be valid, but disabilities imposed on women because of their sex would be invalidated. Deciding when a statute conferred a benefit rather than a

neg: Freedom of movement August 2005, Amnesty International released an "appeal case", citing several freedom of movement restrictions including exit restriction without explanation, refusal to issue passports to political dissidents, detention, restriction from entering certain structures, denial of travel documents, and denial of nationality. The United Nations Human Rights Committee issues regular reports on human rights in Syria, including freedom of movement. There are certain restrictions on movement placed on Women, for example Syrian law now allows males to place restrictions on certain female relatives. Women over the age of 18 are entitled to travel outside of Syria, however a woman's husband may file

neg: Vermont Commission on Women these policies, and publishes literature on citizen's rights in instances of sexual harassment, the action they can take, and places to find support. The VCW has advocated for women's rights to pump milk in public places, and has recently been a strong influence in passing legislation that allows women to have time and a place to pump while at work. When compared to the national average, a higher percentage of Vermont women breastfeed; but some women were forced to stop pumping because of their inability to pump at work. The passage of this law required employers to designate a space,

neg: Katie Kibuka Union and the Uganda Council of Women. The Mothers' Union is a movement striving to help support families in need. The YWCA was founded in 1855 and was a social movement that regards such things as civil rights and freedom of women. Katie was an influential President of the important organization. When her husband retired, the couple moved to Nangabo, which is a sub-county in Uganda. There she founded the Nangabo Center as a community meeting place for people in need. The center provided support and encouragement for the education of girls and Katie ran a preschool, as well. Katie

neg: History of women in the United States rural areas of the South were hostile. The state legislatures ignored efforts to let women vote in local elections. Georgia not only refused to ratify the Federal 19th Amendment, but took pride in being the first to reject it. The Amendment passed nationally and Georgia women gained the right to vote in 1920. However, black women did not vote until federal Voting Rights Act of 1965 enforced their constitutional rights. The woman's reform movement flourished in cities; however the South was still heavily rural before 1945. In Dallas, Texas, women reformers did much to establish the fundamental elements of the

neg: Women's rights movement in Iran while the global average was about 23%. The Women's Rights Movement in Iran continues to attempt influencing reforms, particularly with the One Million Signatures Campaign to End Discrimination Against Women. The Iranian Constitutional Revolution took place between 1905 and 1911. The early cores of consciousness of women's rights (or rather lack of rights) which led to establishment of societies and magazines started shortly after. The low status of women and secret operation of many of their organizations and societies, have somewhat limited the amount of data on the subject. Women's writing in that era, mainly through newspapers and periodicals are

neg: Feminism in Pakistan government include a Charter of Women's Rights in the 1956 constitution. The 1961 Muslim Family Laws Ordinance covering marriage and divorce, the most important sociolegal reform that they supported, is still widely regarded as empowering to women. In 1947, Muslim women did not have it easy, they were some of the worst victims of the traumatic events that took place in the South Asian region in the mid-20th century. It's reported that 75,000 women were abducted and raped during the partition, sooner after Pakistan's Independence Fatima Jinnah took part in refugee relief work and formed the Women s Relief Committee

neg: Puntland Women Lawyers Association culture, the woman is supposed to go through her clan membership which requires following a hierarchy by first going to her male relative or traditional elder who in turn would reach out to the traditional elder of the male perpetrator. But this changed with PUWLA free services because women are seeking the protection of the law. This is a seed of human energy which grew from the community itself to flourish into becoming an organization that provides free legal aid services to women in order to advance women`s legal rights and access to justice in Puntland. The movement started when

neg: Women in early modern Scotland that women could preach and excommunicate, but not baptise. Several women are known to have been executed for their part in the movement. At the beginning of the period, women had a very limited legal status. A married woman had few property rights and could not make a will without her husband's permission, although jurists expected this to be given. Men had considerable latitude in disciplining the women under their authority and although a handful of cases turn up in higher courts, and the kirk session did intervene to protect women from domestic abuse, it was usually only when the

neg: South Carolina freedom in U.S. cities outside the former Confederate states. In total from 1910 to 1970, 6.5 million blacks left the South in the Great Migration. By 1930 South Carolina had a white majority for the first time since 1708. South Carolina was one of several states that initially rejected the Nineteenth Amendment (1920) giving women the right to vote. The South Carolina legislature later ratified the amendment on July 1, 1969. The struggle of the civil rights movement took place in South Carolina as they did in other Southern states. However, South Carolina experience a much less violent movement than

neg: Anglo-Burmese people and their offspring after their tours of duty ended in Burma, not dissimilar to the Spanish and French practice of plaçage, but legal marriages did take place. Frequently, when a "temporary" relationship ended, the European father left behind a sum of money for the upkeep of their children. Sometimes the children were removed from their mothers and placed into convent schools run by Europeans, where their Burmese heritage was often undermined. The issue of mixed marriages, particularly between Bamar women and British males, was to become a major issue in the independence movement as it further developed. Anglo-Burmans represent a

neg: Equal Suffrage League (St. Louis) a hall. Her lecture took place on April 11 of that year. It was from this visit that the St. Louis Equal Suffrage League was formed. Conservative society did not talk of suffrage and even when the Equal Suffrage League was established, it was with a cautious tone, emphasizing education rather than action. Members preferred to be called suffragists instead of suffragettes to downplay any militant activity. Ten women dared to take a stance on the suffrage movement and establish the Equal Suffrage League. The founding members were Mrs. Robert Atkinson, Miss Marie Garesche, Mrs. E.M. Grossman, Miss Lillian Hetzell,

neg: Social feminism created by the collapse of social feminism." However, Labor feminists continued to agitate for reform in the workplace. Labor feminists did not want to end all distinctions based on sex, only those that hurt women. For example, they felt that state laws that put in place wage floors and hour ceilings benefited women. The concept of social feminism is useful in defining a range of activities, but the idea that it is incompatible with radical feminism may be misleading. In "The Ideas of the Woman's Suffrage Movement, 1890-1920" (1965) Aileen S. Kraditor contrasted belief in the natural justice of women

neg: Gertrude Foster Brown politics, but to further human welfare." "Your Vote and How to Use It" was one of a number of "citizenship manuals" educating women in their new rights and responsibilities and encouraging them to take their new obligations seriously. Some of its materials were also used as the basis of a correspondence course for women voters, distributed by the New York State Women Suffrage Party. The book itself was listed as suggested civics reading for Girl Guides who wanted to earn a Citizen's Badge, in the 1920 guides handbook "Scouting for Girls". In 1918, when the suffrage movement organized the Women's

neg: Women's rights movement in Iran the right to divorce. Judges became more sympathetic to women’s issues because of the hardship, and when some reforms did not make it through the legislative process, the government tried to ameliorate some of the injustices and gave instructions to the courts on how to do so. As more Iranian girls were being educated in the 1980s, and the government opened higher religious education to women, some mastered technical forms of Islamic argumentation which helped in the fight for the liberalization of women’s rights. Furthermore, many women became successful entrepreneurs, and worked in other highly visible professions including parliament. As

neg: Women's rights movement in Iran White Revolution). They were also allowed to take part in public office, and in 1975 the Family Protection Law provided new rights for women, including expanded divorce and custody rights and reduced polygamy. In 1969 women were given the right to drive cars (the first woman to drive a car in Iran was Eileen Zayer from the United States). Women's rights have been restricted since the Islamic Revolution. Following the 1979 Revolution, several laws were established such as the introduction of mandatory veiling and public dress code of females. In November 2016, about 6% of Iranian parliament members were women,

neg: Women's liberation movement in North America the reasons that women who supported the movement chose not to create a single approach to addressing the problem of women being treated as second-class citizens was that they did not want to foster an idea that anyone was an expert or that any one group or idea could address all of the societal problems women faced. They also wanted women, whose voices had been silenced to be able to express their own views on solutions. Among the issues were the objectification of women, reproductive rights, opportunities for women in the workplace, redefining familial roles. A dilemma faced by movement

neg: Labor feminism and testified against the ERA in Congress. The passage of the ERA in 1972 enabled equal rights feminism to solidify its place as the dominant women's movement in the US. Labor feminism Labor feminism is a term used for a movement in the United States that emerged after women gained the right to vote. Labor feminists advocated for protectionist legislation and special benefits for women. They helped pass state laws regulating working conditions for women, expanded women's participation in unions, and organized to oppose the Equal Rights Amendment. After gaining the right to vote, the National Woman's Party proposed the

neg: Ahmad Shah Massoud economic. Still, many people came to him personally when they had a dispute or problem and asked him to solve their problems. In September 2000, Massoud signed the Declaration of the Essential Rights of Afghan Women drafted by Afghan women. The declaration established gender equality in front of the law and the right of women to political participation, education, work, freedom of movement and speech. In the areas of Massoud, women and girls did not have to wear the Afghan burqa by law. They were allowed to work and to go to school. Although it was a time of war,

neg: Women's rights in Jammu and Kashmir Since then, several militant groups in Kashmir have been gradually carrying forward a movement of terror against India and its security personnel. When the public’s support for the militant movement began to diminish, many militants turned towards the political arena but the voices of women have still not been accorded their rightful place within the dialogue of the Kashmiri conflict and politics. This is in spite of the well-known fact that women have been the worst hit victims of the conflict and have played a pivotal role in the rise of the separatist narrative as well as the armed insurgency.

neg: History of feminism social equality in public and family life. Alice Schwarzer is the most prominent contemporary German feminist. The Iranian women's rights movement first emerged some time after the Iranian Constitutional Revolution, in the year in which the first women's journal was published, 1910. The movement lasted until 1933, when the last women's association was dissolved by the Reza Shah's government. The status of women further deteriorated after the 1979 Iranian Revolution. Many of the rights women gained under Shah were systematically abolished through legislation, elimination of women from work, and forced hijab (veils for women). The movement later grew again under

neg: United Nations Security Council Resolution 1468 human rights, particularly against women and girls, and the activities of the Movement for the Liberation of Congo, Rally for Congolese Democracy and Union of Congolese Patriots in Ituri. The Council urged that the names of military officers mentioned in the OHCHR report had to be brought to justice. In this regard, the Congolese parties were urged to take this into account when appointing members for the new government, to establish a Truth and Reconciliation Commission and respect human rights and international humanitarian law. Meanwhile, the Secretary-General Kofi Annan was requested to increase MONUC's human rights component and the operation's

neg: History of feminism of the first World's Anti-Slavery Convention. In 1848, Mott and Stanton held a woman's rights convention in Seneca Falls, New York, where a declaration of independence for women was drafted. Lucy Stone helped to organize the first National Women's Rights Convention in 1850, a much larger event at which Sojourner Truth, Abby Kelley Foster, and others spoke sparked Susan B. Anthony to take up the cause of women's rights. In December 1851, Sojourner Truth contributed to the feminist movement when she spoke at the Women’s Convention in Akron, Ohio. She delivered her powerful “Ain’t I a Woman” speech in an

neg: National Woman's Party NWP regrouped in1923 and published the magazine "Equal Rights". The publication was directed towards women but also intended to educate men about the benefits of women's suffrage, women's rights and other issues concerning American women. Men and women shall have equal rights throughout the United States and every place subject to its jurisdiction. The NWP did not support protective legislation and argued that these laws would continue to depress women's wages and prevent women from gaining access to all types of work and parts of society. But, the NWP did support working women and their support was vital throughout their

neg: Women to drive movement pay attention to women's right to drive in the kingdom, and for being a female artist who "finally" did something different. Lucy Jones of "The Daily Telegraph" praised the video for its stance against Saudi driving law. Women to drive movement Up until June 2018, Saudi Arabia was unique in being the only country in the world where women were forbidden to drive motor vehicles. The women to drive movement ( "qiyāda al-imarʾa fī as-Suʿūdiyya") is a campaign by Saudi women, who have more rights denied to them by the regime than men, for the right to drive motor vehicles

neg: Women's rights in Iran However, the Minister of Agriculture suggested that women's movement leaders set up a voting booth to voice their suggestions. Though their votes did not count, the high number of women votes convinced Mohammad Reza Shah to grant women voting rights soon after the referendum. In September of the same year, 1963, in the parliamentary elections, six women were elected to the parliament, and two women were appointed by the Shah to serve in the Senate. In mid-November 2018 United Nations’ General Assembly’s Human Rights Committee approved a resolution against Iranian government’s continuous discrimination against women and limitation of freedom of

neg: Asian American movement them from colonial rule; assimilationist politics attempted to demonstrate that Asians were worthy of the rights and privileges of citizenship. In the early to mid-1960's, a number of individual Asian Americans activists such as Yuri Kochiyama participated individually in the Free Speech Movement, Civil Rights movement, and anti-Vietnam War movement. These instances of social and political activism did not directly address issues facing all Asian Americans at the time. Asian immigrants were largely divided in America, before the 60's there was very little solidarity between the various Asian immigrant communities. These disparate groups dealt largely with issues concerning their own

neg: Women in Nazi Germany The NS-Frauenschaft "played no political role and did not oppose the loss of hard-won women's rights. It defended the role of the mother of the family at home, conscious of their duties at the heart of the community. Provided, containing women within the private sphere does not hide their responsibilities under the Third Reich ; we know today that the Frauenbewegung (women's movement) thought the place of a woman in society was at the heart of a community that excluded Jews and performed a civilizing mission in occupied Eastern Europe to preserve the race". During the Second World War, temporarily

neg: Women in the Bible have taken place under ordinary circumstances. Law professor Geoffrey Miller explains that these women did not meet with opposition but were instead honored for the role they had. There is substantial agreement among a wide variety of scholars that the Hebrew Bible is a predominantly patriarchal document from a patriarchal age. New Testament scholar Ben Witherington III says it "limited women's roles and functions to the home, and severely restricted: (1) their rights of inheritance, (2) their choice of relationship, (3) their ability to pursue a religious education or fully participate in synagogue, and (4) limited their freedom of movement."

neg: Ruth Gustafson the social democratic party and the Swedish working class movement, were the women normally did not wish to become a part of the women's rights organisations as they were considered to consist mainly of upper class ladies. Working class women at this point spoke for their rights through the trade unions for women, and Gustafsson was an important speaker for them within the social democratic party, were the rights of workers were given priority over women's rights and women's participation in politics, though frequent, was not yet uncontroversial. Ruth Gustafson Ruth Valborg Maria Gustafson née "Pettersson" (Stockholm, 8 July 1881

neg: Civil rights movement (1896–1954) and was ended only when the Roosevelt administration sent troops to guard the system and arrested the strike's ringleaders. Randolph and the BSCP took the battle against employment discrimination even further, threatening a March on Washington in 1942 if the government did not take steps to outlaw racial discrimination by defense contractors. Randolph limited the March on Washington Movement to black organizations to maintain black leadership; he endured harsh criticism from others on the left for his insistence on black workers' rights in the middle of a war. Randolph only dropped the plan to march after winning substantial concessions from

neg: Men's rights movement in India of Women and Child Development and some NGOs intervened and changed the name. He said that it was an outdated concept to consider that only women suffer from sexual harassment. The Khasi tribe in Meghalaya state is matrilinear. The children take the mother's surname, the sons have no rights to property, and a family without an heir usually adopts a girl. After marriage, a man moves into his wife's house. Their way of life is protected under the Khasi Social Custom of Lineage Act of 1997. In 1990, the men in this tribe started a men's liberation movement called "Syngkhong

neg: María del Refugio García of the Sole Front for Women’s Rights. She worked with radical groups for women’s suffrage and the right to stand for office – they called for amendments to the civil code that would allow women equal political rights. They also argued for the agrarian code to be modified to allow women the right to apply for government land grants. Worker’s rights were also addressed, they called for all women to be allowed maternity rights, for indigenous women to be encouraged to take their place in society and politics, and for unemployed women to be helped by establishing work center. At

neg: Jennings Randolph coverage for negative comments he made concerning the Women's Liberation Movement. Feminists had organized a nationwide Women's Strike for Equality that day, and presented the sympathetic Senate leadership with a petition for the Equal Rights Amendment. Randolph derided the protesters as "braless bubbleheads" and that the equal rights activists claimed they did not speak for women, citing those more radical feminists that supported, as he put it, the "right to unabridged abortions". Randolph would later admit that his bubblehead comment was "perhaps ill-chosen" and went on to support the Equal Rights Amendment. In 1972, when the amendment passed the Senate,

neg: Feminism in Mexico service to the country did not result in political rights until the middle of the twentieth century. Women distinguished themselves in battle and command during the Mexican War of Independence (1810-1821), and also were employed as spies, provocateurs, and seductresses. Newspapers in 1812 harangued women to take part in the independence effort as they owed their countrymen a debt for submitting to conquest and subordinating Mexico to Spanish rule. Mexican women did have some rights, including greater property rights, than their counterparts elsewhere in North America. Spanish colonial law, and Mexican law after independence, recognized the separate individual property of

neg: Women's suffrage in Utah power to eradicate the practice of polygamy. The first talk of women suffrage within Utah was from William S. Godbe, Edward W. Tullidge, and E.L.T. Harrison, Mormon liberals, who published the "Utah Magazine" which eventually became the "Salt Lake Tribune". These liberal men wanted the Mormon church to work with groups outside of itself to promote manufacturing and mining. The Godbe movement also encouraged women's rights activities. Later on, the "Deseret News" would often credit the Godbe movement with the first push for the enfranchisement of women. The Godbe movement helped organize the first territory meeting on women suffrage with

neg: Meridian (novel) deeply in. Walker wrote the novel at a time when many young black people were shifting away from supporting the practice of nonviolence and civil disobedience that had characterized the early years of the movement and had begun to take on more militant and extreme positions thereby alienating some supporters. Several literary critics believe that the novel is a critique of the Civil Rights Movement from that period. They interpreted Walker's work as suggesting that the revolution never addressed the suffering of women; rather it perpetuated destructive and often chauvinistic values. Some critics thought that Walker used "Meridian" to showcase

neg: Violence and intersectionality violence done to African American women from a theoretical stand point in order to understand why Black women are more likely to be abused. The purpose of this is to find solutions as to how Black women can be better protected when instances of violence and abuse take place. Feminist theorists also introduce new theoretical frameworks in order to continue the dialogue about the violence done to Black women. Kimberlé Williams Crenshaw is a civil rights activist and a scholar in race theory. Crenshaw coined the term intersectionality in 1989, in oder to interrogate the ways in which black women

neg: Land Day Arabs in Israel was rare prior to the mid-1970s, owing to a combination of factors including military rule over their localities, poverty, isolation, fragmentation, and their peripheral position in the new Israeli state. Those protests that did take place against land expropriations and the restrictions Arab citizens were subject to under military rule (1948–1966) are described by Shany Payes as "sporadic" and "limited", due to restrictions on rights to freedom of movement, expression and assembly characteristic of that period. While the political movement Al-Ard ("The Land") was active for about a decade, it was declared illegal in 1964, and the

neg: Wasp (comics) the potential to become a true hero. Nadia soon joins the Avengers and gains U.S. citizenship. Upon realizing that the most intelligent women on S.H.I.E.L.D.'s index don't list any women above the 27th place, she jump starts the program G.I.R.L. (Genius In action Research Labs) to look for women with genius intellects. When deciding her legal name, Nadia realizes that she can't take the name 'Pym' as she never knew much about her biological mother and father. She decides to take the surname 'Van Dyne' as Janet was the only person there for her and believed in her success. In

neg: Women's liberation movement in North America Women's liberation movement in North America The Women's liberation movement in North America was part of the feminist movement in the late 1960s and through the 1980s. Derived from the civil rights movement, student movement and anti-war movements, the Women's Liberation Movement took rhetoric from the civil rights idea of liberating victims of discrimination from oppression. They were not interested in reforming existing social structures, but instead were focused on changing the perceptions of women's place in society and the family and women's autonomy. Rejecting hierarchical structure, most groups which formed operated as collectives where all women could participate equally.

neg: Women's suffrage the industrial working class and the peasantry seeking land reform. It also incorporated increased restrictions on the Roman Catholic Church in Mexico, an extension of the anticlericalism in the Constitution of 1857. The Constitution of 1917 did not explicitly empower women's access to the ballot. In the northern Mexican state of Sonora, Mexican women pushed for more rights for women, including the vote. Emélida Carrillo and school teacher María de Jesús Váldez led the effort. Notably, the movement for Mexican women's rights there was linked to the movement to exclude and expel Chinese in Mexico, racial essentialism that was also

neg: Republican motherhood Falls Convention of 1848, and the women's rights movement in the United States. They worked for suffrage, property rights, legal status and child custody in family disputes. The movement likely owes a debt to the emphasis on republican motherhood of fifty years before. The first presence of republican motherhood was seen in Classical Rome during the years 600 BC to 500 CE. In Classical Rome, women played a much larger role in society than women in other societies around the world did during that period in time. In the eyes of Classical Romans, "the familia", or family, was the core

neg: Isabel Ursula Teshea and was posthumously awarded four months after her death Trinidad's highest honor, the Trinity Cross. Teshea did not consider herself a woman's rights activist, though she often worked to improve the status of women. She described herself as "not a feminist by definition, but a believer in …'human rights'". Isabel Ursula Teshea Isabel Ursula Teshea, TC (24 July 1911–14 April 1981) was an Afro-Trinidadian social worker, human rights activist, and politician. One of the founders of the People's National Movement, she served as vice chair of the party and was the first woman to hold the office. When Trinidad and

neg: American Jewish World Service implement their own plans for the development of their communities, and that community development cannot take place when human rights are denied. In addition, AJWS believes women are critical drivers of community development and change, and that marginalized communities that are vulnerable to poverty and human rights violations are powerful agents of change and development when mobilized from within. AJWS works to promote awareness and influence U.S. international policies and funding in relation to human rights, global health and poverty, by rallying members of the community to advocate for policies that will improve the lives of millions of people in

neg: Women of Colonial Virginia but they also had domestic roles. For example, African American women were expected to make meals for the families of the colonies after working in the field. In the Early stages of the Virginia colonies, women did not have as many rights as they did in England. Women were a part of the minority. They were not able to take part in many things, such as voting, owning land, or even holding a spot in political office. If a woman was not married, then their fathers held the rights to them until married and were taken into the care of

neg: Women's suffrage seen in the suffrage movement in the U.S., but generally not elsewhere in Latin America. In 1937, Mexican feminists challenged the wording of the Constitution concerning who is eligible for citizenship – the Constitution did not specify "men and women." María del Refugio García ran for election as a Sole Front for Women's Rights candidate for her home district, Uruapan. García won by a huge margin, but was not allowed to take her seat because the government would have to amend the Constitution. In response, García went on a hunger strike outside President Lázaro Cárdenas' residence in Mexico City for

neg: Andrew Breitbart concluding that "Nancy Pelosi did a great disservice to a great civil rights icon by thrusting him out there to perform this mischievous task. His reputation is now on the line as a result of her desperation to take down the Tea Party movement." In February 2012, a YouTube video showed Breitbart yelling at Occupy D.C. protesters outside a Washington, D.C. hotel hosting a Conservative Political Action Conference (CPAC). The video showed security escorting Breitbart back to the hotel while he told the protesters to "behave yourself", and alluding to reported assaults of women at Occupy encampments, he repeatedly yelled,

neg: William Lloyd Garrison to their utmost extent." The Massachusetts Anti-Slavery Society appointed women to leadership positions and hired Abby Kelley as the first of several female field agents. In 1840, Garrison's promotion of woman's rights within the anti-slavery movement was one of the issues that caused some abolitionists, including New York brothers Arthur Tappan and Lewis Tappan, to leave the AAS and form the American and Foreign Anti-Slavery Society, which did not admit women. In June of that same year, when the World Anti-Slavery Convention meeting in London refused to seat America's women delegates: Garrison, Charles Lenox Remond, Nathaniel P. Rogers and William

neg: Homicide: Life on the Street (season 2) "L.A. Law". "Homicide"<nowiki>'</nowiki>s improved ratings in the Thursday night timeslot fueled speculation that "L.A. Law" might be canceled and "Homicide" would take its place. Warren Littlefield denied such claims, believing the success of one series did not necessarily have to mean the cancellation of the other. Despite "Homicide"<nowiki>'</nowiki>s improvement in the ratings, NBC did not immediately commit to a third season until the producers agreed to even more changes, including more prominent guest stars, more women in the cast and more life-affirming storylines. Outgoing cast member Polito publicly decried these changes, claiming the show was going to change from a

neg: Second inauguration of Barack Obama and place of worship for gay Christians. The loudest response from the audience at the National Mall coincided with Obama's remarks supporting equal pay for women and equal treatment for sexual minorities, when he stated that America's journey to equality is incomplete "until our wives, our mothers, and daughters can earn a living equal to their efforts," and "until our gay brothers and sisters are treated like anyone else under the law." Obama "made history" said Human Rights Campaign President Chad Griffin when Obama connected the struggle of gay couple to the equal rights movement writ large. "By lifting up

neg: West Germany in the Free Hanseatic City of Bremen provincial election. Also of great significance was the steady growth of a feminist movement in which women demonstrated for equal rights. Until 1977 a married woman had to have the permission of her husband if she wanted to take on a job or open a bank account. Further reforms in 1979 to parental rights law gave equal legal rights to the mother and the father, abolishing the legal authority of the father. Parallel to this, a gay movement began to grow in the larger cities, especially in West Berlin, where homosexuality had been

neg: Betty Gram Swing History of Women in America. Alice Paul, National Woman's Party, Suffrage, Nineteenth Amendment, Equal Rights Amendment, Equal Rights Treaty, UN Commission on the Status of Women, Carrie Chapman Catt, National American Women's Suffrage Association (NAWSA), Six Point Group, Doris Stevens Betty Gram Swing Betty Gram Swing, born Myrtle Eveline Gram (March 16, 1893 – September 1, 1969), was an American militant suffragist. Betty Gram participated in landmark events of the women's rights movement in the early to mid-twentieth century. She joined the women’s rights movement in 1917 and was subsequently jailed five times and went on two hunger strikes. When

neg: Native Women's Association of Canada causes, circumstances and trends” of missing and murdered Indigenous women and girls. The movement began in 2006 when Bridget Tolley asked that a vigil be held on the steps of Parliament Hill to honour her mother, Gladys, who was killed in 2001 in Maniwaki, Quebec and over 500 missing and murdered Indigenous women and girls across Canada. NWAC worked with Tolley to organize the event on October 4, that had a turnout of over 100 people. The SIS vigils can take the form of rallies, community feasts or a moment of silence. The number of vigils to take place on

neg: National Black Feminist Organization movement and the feminist movement. Many of the members did not feel completely accepted in either camp. They felt that the white women who dominated the feminist movement had internalized racist, white supremacist beliefs and that many were guilty of overt racial discrimination. The women active in the civil rights movement fared no better; their leadership was frequently ignored, downplayed, or challenged. They were also expected to subordinate themselves to the men in the movement and were frequently relegated to menial tasks. Lesbians had to deal with the homophobia or Lesbophobia prevalent in both movements. Brenda Eichelberger, one of the

neg: Women's rights movement in Iran Women's rights movement in Iran The Iranian Women's Rights Movement (Persian: جنبش زنان ایران) is based on the Iranian women's social movement for women's rights. This movement first emerged after the Iranian Constitutional Revolution in 1910, the year in which the first Women Journal was published by women. The movement lasted until 1933 in which the last women’s association was dissolved by the Reza Shah Pahlavi’s government. It heightened again after the Iranian Revolution (1979). Between 1962 and 1978, the Iranian Women's Movement gained victories such as the right for women to vote (in 1963, part of Mohammad Reza Shah's

neg: Women's liberation movement in Asia to treating the wounded and supporting families. Though short in duration, the conflict brought into focus an awareness of the segregated roles of women and men in society. That same year, Freedman became the first openly feminist member of the Knesset, supporting the Civil Rights Movement. Jerusalem liberationists saw in the movement a way to fight against all oppression, including that of the poor and Palestinians. They led actions over poor wages, women working at night, and violence against women, as well as the right to control decisions over reproduction, as did activists in Haifa and Tel Aviv. Women's centers

neg: Day Without a Woman which was when that year's International Women's Day occurred. Uber let its employees know that they were free to take the day off to participate in the protest. Microsoft, MTV News, "Teen Vogue", "Bustle", Jezebel, Fusion, the Cut, "The A.V. Club", and Twitter also allowed women employees to take the day off. An International Women's Day strike took place in over 50 different countries and in 400 cities across the world. There were tens of thousands of women in Poland demonstrating for women's rights. There were around 1,000 demonstrators outside of Trump Tower in New York City. Four of the

neg: Ordination of women in Methodism Independent Methodist parishes that are registered with the Association of Independent Methodists do not permit the ordination of women to holy orders. Some of the groups that later became part of the United Methodist Church started ordaining women in the late 19th century, but the largest group, the Methodist Church, did not grant women full clergy rights until 1956. John Wesley, the founder of the Methodist movement, was the first within his movement to authorize a woman to preach. In 1761, he granted a license to preach to Sarah Crosby. Mary Bosanquet was responsible for Wesley formally allowing all women

neg: African-American women's suffrage movement for their status as women, and then again for their race. Many politically engaged African-American women were primarily invested in matters of racial equality, with suffrage later materializing as a secondary goal. The Seneca Falls Convention, widely lauded as the first women’s rights convention, is often considered the precursor to the racial schism within the women’s suffrage movement; the Seneca Falls Declaration put forth a political analysis of the condition of upper class, married women, but did not address the struggles of working class white women or black women. Well into the twentieth century, a pattern emerged of segregated political

neg: Fathers' rights movement are then used to justify the continued existence and expansion of the government. Members of the fathers' rights movement state that modern divorce involves government officials invading parents' private lives, evicting people from their homes, seizing their property, and taking away their children. Fathers' rights advocates have worked for the right of unwed, otherwise fit, fathers to get custody if the mother tries to have their child adopted by a third party or if child welfare authorities place the child in foster care. Fathers' rights activists seek a gender-neutral approach in which unwed men and women would have equal rights

neg: Women in England the introduction of birth control pills. It was only provided to women who were wedded under the law to seek out contraceptive pills. Three years after the proposal, women were given the rights to inherit property. Within that same decade, women were granted the rights to have abortions under the Abortion Act. This was deemed legal as long as the pregnancy did not pass the 24th week mark. In 1970, the call to conference of the Women's Liberation Movement was held to raise awareness. The four main concerns addressed were equal pay between genders, providing fair education and job opportunities

neg: Irish Women's Liberation Movement Irish Women's Liberation Movement The Irish Women's Liberation Movement (IWLM) was an alliance of a group of Irish women who were concerned about the sexism within Ireland both socially and legally. They first began after a meeting in Dublin's Bewley's Cafe on Grafton Street in 1970. The group was short-lived, but influential. In the 1970s in Ireland, women were denied certain rights based on their gender. Marital rape was not a crime. Women could not keep their jobs for public service or for banks if they got married, collect children's allowance, choose her own official place of domicile and were

neg: Women's rights movement in Iran sociologically and humanistically, and other hardships suffered by women in Iran. It is hoped that graduates of women's studies programs will be able to present gender-neutral points of view. Some of the most notable activists are: Women's rights movement in Iran The Iranian Women's Rights Movement (Persian: جنبش زنان ایران) is based on the Iranian women's social movement for women's rights. This movement first emerged after the Iranian Constitutional Revolution in 1910, the year in which the first Women Journal was published by women. The movement lasted until 1933 in which the last women’s association was dissolved by the Reza