query: what part of a spark plug breaks glass

pos: Ninja rocks Court of Appeals denied this reasoning and upheld the conviction. Ninja rocks Ninja rocks are broken shards of spark plugs that are formed by smashing the ceramic portion of the spark plug with a hammer or other large object. Since they can quickly and quietly fracture the glass side windows on most cars, ninja rocks have been used in "smash-and-grab" auto burglaries since at least 1995. They have no traditional association with the "ninja" or "ninjutsu", only being named such due to their "silent but deadly" function in burglaries. Tempered glass, which is used for the side windows of most

pos: Ninja rocks Ninja rocks Ninja rocks are broken shards of spark plugs that are formed by smashing the ceramic portion of the spark plug with a hammer or other large object. Since they can quickly and quietly fracture the glass side windows on most cars, ninja rocks have been used in "smash-and-grab" auto burglaries since at least 1995. They have no traditional association with the "ninja" or "ninjutsu", only being named such due to their "silent but deadly" function in burglaries. Tempered glass, which is used for the side windows of most vehicles, is manufactured with an extremely high surface compressive stress

neg: SplitFire spark plug charges with the FTC; as part of the settlement, SplitFire was prohibited from making what the FTC considered deceptive claims about fuel economy or emissions. After the settlement, the popularity of SplitFire's spark plug range declined. In 2002, it was still considered a leading sparkplug manufacturer, but by 2015, the company's products were not broadly distributed, and its official website had been removed. SplitFire spark plug SplitFire was a company that manufactuired a spark plug featuring a split ground electrode. SplitFire claimed that its "V" electrode design improved combustion by allowing the ignited flame to pass through the gap in

neg: Spark plug give an extreme case, NGK's BR2LM is equivalent to Champion's RJ19LM, which is a common spark plug for many lawnmowers. The spark plug's firing end will be affected by the internal environment of the combustion chamber. As the spark plug can be removed for inspection, the effects of combustion on the plug can be examined. An examination, or "reading" of the characteristic markings on the firing end of the spark plug can indicate conditions within the running engine. The spark plug tip will bear the marks as evidence of what is happening inside the engine. Usually there is no other

neg: Spark plug indexed spark plugs from factory, with four different part numbers available corresponding to the different degrees of indexing to achieve most efficient combustion and maximal fuel efficiency. Spark plug A spark plug (sometimes, in British English, a sparking plug, and, colloquially, a plug) is a device for delivering electric current from an ignition system to the combustion chamber of a spark-ignition engine to ignite the compressed fuel/air mixture by an electric spark, while containing combustion pressure within the engine. A spark plug has a metal threaded shell, electrically isolated from a central electrode by a porcelain insulator. The central electrode,

neg: Spark plug way to know what is going on inside an engine running at peak power. Engine and spark plug manufacturers will publish information about the characteristic markings in spark plug reading charts. Such charts are useful for general use but are of almost no use in reading racing engine spark plugs, which is an entirely different matter. A light brownish discoloration of the tip of the block indicates proper operation; other conditions may indicate malfunction. For example, a sandblasted look to the tip of the spark plug means persistent, light detonation is occurring, often unheard. The damage that is occurring to

neg: Trembler coil devices on the same iron-cored solenoid. The first is a transformer, used to transform low voltage electricity to a high voltage, suitable for an engine's spark plug. Two coils of wire are wound around an iron core. The "primary winding" carries the low voltage battery current, and the "secondary winding" generates the high voltage for the spark plug. Attached to the end of the coil is an "interrupter" or "trembler", a magnetically operated switch or relay, which repeatedly breaks the primary current to create flux changes in the transformer needed to produce high voltage. The switch contacts are on a

neg: Spark plug installed, seals are required to ensure there is no leakage from the combustion chamber. The internal seals of modern plugs are made of compressed glass/metal powder, but old style seals were typically made by the use of a multi-layer braze. The external seal is usually a crush washer, but some manufacturers use the cheaper method of a taper interface and simple compression to attempt sealing. The metal case/shell (or the "jacket", as many people call it) of the spark plug withstands the torque of tightening the plug, serves to remove heat from the insulator and pass it on to the

neg: Pre-ignition the distinction might describe one by the name of the other. Given proper combustion chamber design, pre-ignition can generally be eliminated by proper spark plug selection, proper fuel/air mixture adjustment, and periodic cleaning of the combustion chambers. Causes of pre-ignition include the following: Because of the way detonation breaks down the boundary layer of protective gas surrounding components in the cylinder, such as the spark plug electrode, these components can start to get very hot over sustained periods of detonation and glow. Eventually this can lead to the far more catastrophic pre-Ignition as described above. While it is not uncommon

neg: Spark plug of the spark plug is too hot, it can cause pre-ignition or sometimes detonation/knocking, and damage may occur. If it is too cold, electrically conductive deposits may form on the insulator, causing a loss of spark energy or the actual shorting-out of the spark current. A spark plug is said to be "hot" if it is a better heat insulator, keeping more heat in the tip of the spark plug. A spark plug is said to be "cold" if it can conduct more heat out of the spark plug tip and lower the tip's temperature. Whether a spark plug is

neg: Wankel engine cracks in the stator surface near the plug hole, which was eliminated by installing the spark plugs in a separate metal insert/ copper sleeve in the housing, instead of plug being screwed directly into the block housing. Toyota found that substituting a glow-plug for the leading site spark plug improved low rpm, part load, specific fuel consumption by 7%, and also emissions and idle. A later alternative solution to spark plug boss cooling was provided with a variable coolant velocity scheme for water-cooled rotaries, which has had widespread use, being patented by Curtiss-Wright, with the last-listed for better air-cooled engine

neg: Spark plug connection. This type of spark plug has a removable nut or knurl, which enables its users to attach them to two different kinds of spark plug boots. Some spark plugs have a bare thread, which is a common type for motorcycles and ATVs. Finally, in very recent years, a cup-style terminal has been introduced, which allows for a longer ceramic insulator in the same confined space. The main part of the insulator is typically made from sintered alumina (AlO), a very hard ceramic material with high dielectric strength, printed with the manufacturer's name and identifying marks, then glazed to improve

neg: Spark plug "hot" or "cold" is known as the heat range of the spark plug. The heat range of a spark plug is typically specified as a number, with some manufacturers using ascending numbers for hotter plugs, and others doing the opposite – using ascending numbers for colder plugs. The heat range of a spark plug is affected by the construction of the spark plug: the types of materials used, the length of insulator and the surface area of the plug exposed within the combustion chamber. For normal use, the selection of a spark plug heat range is a balance between keeping

neg: High tension leads out moisture. Printing on spark plug wires may include a brand name, insulation thickness (in millimeters), insulation material type, cylinder number, and conductor type (suppressor or solid wire). The wire from each spark plug is just long enough to reach the distributor, without excess. Each end of a spark plug wire has a metal terminal that clips onto the spark plug and distributor, coil, or magneto. There are dedicated spark plug wire pliers, tools designed for removing the terminal from a spark plug without damaging it. To reduce radio frequency interference (RFI) produced by the spark being radiated by the

neg: Spark plug Spark plug A spark plug (sometimes, in British English, a sparking plug, and, colloquially, a plug) is a device for delivering electric current from an ignition system to the combustion chamber of a spark-ignition engine to ignite the compressed fuel/air mixture by an electric spark, while containing combustion pressure within the engine. A spark plug has a metal threaded shell, electrically isolated from a central electrode by a porcelain insulator. The central electrode, which may contain a resistor, is connected by a heavily insulated wire to the output terminal of an ignition coil or magneto. The spark plug's metal shell

neg: Barney Google and Snuffy Smith in 1924. "All over the United States you find stuffed Spark Plugs and Spark Plug games and Spark Plug drums and Spark Plug balloons and Spark Plug tin pails. And there is a Spark Plug play on the road. The only thing that is lacking is a Spark Plug grand opera." (Source: "Barney Google and Snuffy Smith: 75 Years of an American Legend", page 35). During the mid-1950s, the Louis Marx Toy Company sold four vinyl character figures, two-and-a-half-to-three inches tall, representing Snuffy Smith, Loweezie, Jug Haid and Sut Tattersail. (Illustrated at http://www.marxwildwest.com/cartoons%20-%20non-disney.html). In 1960, King Features made plans to

neg: Spark plug where the conventional spark plug is located. A Wankel engine has a permanently varying combustion area; and the spark plug is inevitably swept by the tip seals. Clearly, if a spark plug were to protrude into the Wankel's combustion chamber it would foul the rotating tip; and if the plug were recessed to avoid this, the sunken spark might lead to poor combustion. So a new type of "surface discharge" plug was developed for the Wankel. Such a plug presents an almost flat face to the combustion chamber. A stubby centre electrode projects only very slightly; and the entire earthed

neg: Spark plug mark faces. Then the plug is removed and washers are added to change the orientation of the tightened plug. This must be done individually for each plug, as the orientation of the gap with respect to the threads of the shell is random. Some plugs are made with a non-random orientation of the gap and are usually marked as such by a suffix to the model number; typically these are specified by manufacturers of very small engines where the spark plug tip and electrodes form a significantly large part of the shape of the combustion chamber. The Honda Insight has

neg: Flint East in a factory that would later be part of Flint East. In 1924, an economic downturn weakened the company and J. Dallas Dort's health began to fail, and the company folded and the complex was sold to AC Spark Plug in 1925. AC Spark Plug continued operations in both the Harriet Street and Dort Highway facilities until 1975, when the Harriet Street plant was closed and razed. In 1987, AC took over the former Chevrolet facilities on Chevrolet Avenue in Flint, naming that complex Flint West, and the Dort Highway facility became Flint East. The following year, AC Spark Plug

neg: SplitFire spark plug SplitFire spark plug SplitFire was a company that manufactuired a spark plug featuring a split ground electrode. SplitFire claimed that its "V" electrode design improved combustion by allowing the ignited flame to pass through the gap in the electrode, instead of around it. SplitFire spark plugs were popular and heavily advertised in the early 1990s. The manufacturer also sponsored the SplitFire Spark Plug 500 NASCAR stock car race, the SplitFire 200, various other powersports, and the Pro Bowlers Association SplitFire Spark Plug Open. In 1997, the United States Federal Trade Commission charged SplitFire with deceptive advertising. The manufacturer settled the

neg: Spark plug only the invention of the first commercially-viable high-voltage spark plug as part of a magneto-based ignition system by Robert Bosch's engineer Gottlob Honold in 1902 made possible the development of the spark-ignition engine. Subsequent manufacturing improvements can be credited to Albert Champion, to the Lodge brothers, sons of Sir Oliver Lodge, who developed and manufactured their father's idea and also to Kenelm Lee Guinness, of the Guinness brewing family, who developed the KLG brand. Helen Blair Bartlett played a vital role in making the insulator in 1930. The plug is connected to the high voltage generated by an ignition coil

neg: Alfa Romeo Twin Spark engine diameter long life platinum electrode spark plug per cylinder. The spark plugs have a replacement interval of . The 16 Valve engine features individual 'coil over plug' ignition where the timing of the ignition is controlled directly by the Bosch engine management system, with each coil firing two spark plugs simultaneously. On the earlier CF1 and CF2 16 valve engines each coil fired the plug below it and (via a short plug lead) a plug in the other cylinder that was 360° crankshaft rotation out of phase (i.e. one coil would fire a spark plug in the cylinder nearing the

neg: Spark plug the combustion chamber escapes through the exhaust gases, the side walls of the cylinder and the spark plug itself. The heat range of a spark plug has only a minute effect on combustion chamber and overall engine temperature. A cold plug will not materially cool down an engine's running temperature. (A too hot plug may, however, indirectly lead to a runaway pre-ignition condition that "can" increase engine temperature.) Rather, the main effect of a "hot" or "cold" plug is to affect the temperature of the tip of the spark plug. It was common before the modern era of computerized fuel

neg: High tension leads wire and a certification of the working hours of the spark plug cable. Placing spark plug wires back into their separators or holders during replacement helps to keep them in place despite engine vibration, extending their life. A common problem with spark plug wires is corrosion of the metal end terminals. Better-quality spark plug wires usually have brass terminals, which are more resistant to corrosion than other metals used. Older engines also have a wire connecting the ignition coil to the distributor, known as a coil wire. A coil wire is of the same construction as a spark plug wire,

neg: Spark plug to them in order to increase service life. Spark plugs are typically designed to have a spark gap which can be adjusted by the technician installing the spark plug, by bending the ground electrode slightly. The same plug may be specified for several different engines, requiring a different gap for each. Spark plugs in automobiles generally have a gap between . The gap may require adjustment from the out-of-the-box gap. A "spark plug gap gauge" is a disc with a sloping edge, or with round wires of precise diameters, and is used to measure the gap. Use of a feeler

neg: Spark plug body of the plug acts as the side electrode. The advantage is that the plug sits just beneath the tip-seal that sweeps over it, keeping the spark accessible to the fuel/air mixture. The "plug gap" remains constant throughout its life; and the spark path will continually vary (instead of darting from the centre to the side electrode as in a conventional plug). Whereas a conventional side electrode will (admittedly, rarely) come adrift in use and potentially cause engine damage, this is impossible with a surface discharge plug, as there is nothing to break off. Surface-discharge spark plugs have been produced

neg: High tension leads case of a mixed path). The wear of the spark plug wire leads first to an increase in fuel consumption and a loss in performance. The increased risk of a worn spark plug wire is the possibility of damaging the system downstream of the carburation. High tension leads High tension leads or high tension cables or spark plug wires or spark plug cables are the wires that connect a distributor, ignition coil, or magneto to each of the spark plugs in some types of internal combustion engine. "High tension lead" or "cable" is also used for any electrical cable carrying

neg: Ford Modular engine head. The source of the problem is a unique plug design that uses a 2-piece shell, which often separates, leaving the lower portion of the spark plug stuck deep in the engine's cylinder head. The 2-piece OE spark plug design is intrinsically flawed, thus making it susceptible to this problem. Ford acknowledges this issue in TSB 08-7-6 as well as earlier TSBs. Ford's TSB does not state that this issue is caused by owner neglect. The TSB provides a special procedure for spark plug removal on these engines. For situations in which the spark plug has partially broken off in

neg: Spark plug the tip of the spark plug is also occurring on the inside of the cylinder. Heavy detonation can cause outright breakage of the spark plug insulator and internal engine parts before appearing as sandblasted erosion but is easily heard. As another example, if the plug is too cold, there will be deposits on the nose of the plug. Conversely if the plug is too hot, the porcelain will be porous looking, almost like sugar. The material which seals the central electrode to the insulator will boil out. Sometimes the end of the plug will appear glazed, as the deposits have

neg: Champion (spark plug) wide range of cars, trucks, SUVs, racing and marine applications. Also included in the brand, depending on the regional market and brand history, are spark plug wires, wiper blades, batteries, oil filters, lighting, and glow plugs. Champion is also a longtime sponsor of various racing events, cars, and series including two series run under sanctioning by IMSA. Champion (spark plug) Champion is an American brand of spark plug. Originally Champion was a Fortune 500 Company founded by Robert A. Stranahan and Frank D. Stranahan in 1908 in Boston and then moved to Toledo, Ohio in 1910 to be close to

neg: Glow plug (model engine) miniature ignition engines while attempting to build the world's smallest model airplane engine. Methanol fuel came onto the market after World War II as a source of fuel for model engines. A couple of Arden's friends were running a spark ignition model engine and to their amazement, when they turned it off, the engine kept running. They investigated why this was and discovered that a fault in the spark plug had caused a part of it to become red hot. They called their friend Arden and the glow plug was born. From then on, model engines became much simpler, no

neg: Harlow Curtice exploring the plant to find out what the figures meant in terms of men and equipment. After a brief period of service as an Army enlisted man, Curtice resumed his career at AC Spark Plug, becoming assistant general manager in 1923 and president in 1929. While other product lines struggled with or were destroyed by the Depression, Curtice's AC Spark Plug Division expanded and prospered. GM's Buick division was having great difficulties during the Depression (according to Curtice, production was at only 17% of 1926 levels). Curtice was put in charge, and quickly made a new organization for Buick, and

neg: Spark plug sold without an "R" in the plug type part number, lack this element to reduce electro-magnetic interference with radios and other sensitive equipment. The tip can be made of a combination of copper, nickel-iron, chromium, or noble metals. In the late 1970s, the development of engines reached a stage where the heat range of conventional spark plugs with solid nickel alloy centre electrodes was unable to cope with their demands. A plug that was cold enough to cope with the demands of high speed driving would not be able to burn off the carbon deposits caused by stop–start urban conditions,

neg: Sebastian Vettel but Ferrari confirmed it was still available to use. If Vettel were mathematically still in the championship, realistically, his now slim hopes of a fifth world title were ended in Japan. More reliability issues befell the Ferrari; a spark plug problem just minutes before the race, which saw Vettel's engine cover needing to be taken off. Ferrari believed the issue was fixed, with Vettel starting the race in second in what was a must-win race. However, the spark plug issue remained, and Vettel soon retired from the race. Hamilton's fourth victory in Japan & his fourth win from five after

neg: Spark plug better, for a longer period. In fact, special "anti-fouling" adapters are sold which fit between the plug and the head to reduce the protrusion of the plug for just this reason, on older engines with severe oil burning problems; this will cause the ignition of the fuel-air mixture to be less effective, but in such cases, this is of lesser significance. The operating temperature of a spark plug is the actual physical temperature at the tip of the spark plug within the running engine, normally between . This is important because it determines the efficiency of plug self-cleaning and is

neg: Bowl Prechamber Ignition Bowl Prechamber Ignition Bowl Prechamber Ignition, abbreviated BPI, is a combustion process designed for Otto cycle engines running on an air-fuel mixture leaner than stochiometric formula_1. Its distinguishing feature is a special type of spark plug, capable of reliably igniting very lean air-fuel mixtures. This spark plug is called "prechamber spark plug". The ignition electrodes of this spark plug are housed in a perforated enclosure, the "prechamber". At the engine's compression stroke, some fuel (usually less than 5 % of the total injected fuel) is injected into the piston bowl; this fuel is then forced through the small holes into

neg: Spark plug be noticeable directly, but will show up as a reduction in the engine's power and fuel efficiency. Over the years variations on the basic spark plug design have attempted to provide either better ignition, longer life, or both. Such variations include the use of two, three, or four equally spaced ground electrodes surrounding the central electrode. Other variations include using a recessed central electrode surrounded by the spark plug thread, which effectively becomes the ground electrode (see "surface-discharge spark plug", below). Also there is the use of a V-shaped notch in the tip of the ground electrode. Multiple ground electrodes

neg: NGK located in California and then moved to its current location in Wixom, Michigan. The company produces spark plugs in Irvine, California, and produces both spark plugs and oxygen sensors in Sissonville, West Virginia. NGK established its first European subsidiary, NGK Spark Plugs (U.K.) Ltd. in 1975. In 1979 they established their second European subsidiary, NGK Spark Plug Deutschland GmbH, in Germany. Ten years later it was renamed NGK Spark Plug Europe GmbH when it took charge of operations in Europe. In 2017 its remit further expanded across the EMEA region. NGK Spark Plug Europe has been run by Managing Director

neg: Electric spark sparks are used in spark plugs in gasoline internal combustion engines to ignite fuel and air mixtures. The electric discharge in a spark plug occurs between an insulated central electrode and a grounded terminal on the base of the plug. The voltage for the spark is provided by an ignition coil or magneto that is connected to the spark plug with an insulated wire. Flame igniters use electric sparks to initiate combustion in some furnaces and gas stoves in place of a pilot flame. Auto reignition is a safety feature that is used in some flame igniters that senses the

neg: Spark plug in the terminal configuration have been introduced by manufacturers. The exact terminal construction varies depending on the use of the spark plug. Most passenger car spark plug wires snap onto the terminal of the plug, but some wires have eyelet connectors which are fastened onto the plug under a nut. The standard solid non-removable nut SAE configuration is common for many cars and trucks. Plugs which are used for these applications often have the end of the terminal serve a double purpose as the nut on a thin threaded shaft so that they can be used for either type of

neg: National Ignition Facility deuteride fuel, which requires an external neutron source to begin the reaction. This is normally in the form of a D-T "spark plug" in the center of the fuel. Nuckolls's idea was to explore how small the secondary could be made, and what effects this would have on the energy needed from the primary to cause ignition. The simplest change is to replace the LiD fuel with D-T gas, essentially making the spark plug the entire secondary. At that point there is no theoretical smallest size - as the secondary got smaller, so did the amount of energy needed to

neg: Champion (spark plug) Champion (spark plug) Champion is an American brand of spark plug. Originally Champion was a Fortune 500 Company founded by Robert A. Stranahan and Frank D. Stranahan in 1908 in Boston and then moved to Toledo, Ohio in 1910 to be close to the Willys-Overland Auto Company. In 1931, Champion introduced its first suppressor-type spark plugs. They used a carbon-based resistor to reduce the effects of ignition noise on radio waves. In 1989, Champion was purchased by Cooper Industries and is now a wholly owned brand of Federal-Mogul Corporation. Its main products are a line of spark plugs for a

neg: Ignition coil controlled. Much smaller coils are used with one coil for each spark plug or one coil serving two spark plugs (for example two coils in a four-cylinder engine, or three coils in a six-cylinder engine). A large ignition coil puts out about 40 kV, and a small one such as from a lawn mower puts out about 15 kV. These coils may be remotely mounted or they may be placed on top of the spark plug "(coil-on-plug" or "Direct Ignition)". Where one coil serves two spark plugs (in two cylinders), it is through the "wasted spark" system. In this arrangement,

neg: Spark plug melted. An idling engine will have a different impact on the spark plugs than one running at full throttle. Spark plug readings are only valid for the most recent engine operating conditions and running the engine under different conditions may erase or obscure characteristic marks previously left on the spark plugs. Thus, the most valuable information is gathered by running the engine at high speed and full load, immediately cutting the ignition off and stopping without idling or low speed operation and removing the plugs for reading. Spark plug reading viewers, which are simply combined flashlight/magnifiers, are available to improve

neg: Ford Modular engine authorized repair procedure for out-of-warranty vehicles is to use the LOCK-N-STITCH aluminum insert and tool kit. For vehicles under the New Vehicle Limited Warranty, Ford will only cover the replacement of the entire cylinder head; however, the Ford recommended spark plug service interval extends beyond the duration of the New Vehicle Limited Warranty. 3-valve 5.4 L and 6.8 L engines built before 10/9/07 and 3-valve 4.6 Ls built before 11/30/07 found in many 2004–2008 Ford, Lincoln, and Mercury vehicles have an issue with difficult-to-remove spark plugs, which can cause part of the spark plug to become seized in the cylinder

neg: Spark plug spark plug, the physical shape of the ribs functions to improve the electrical insulation and prevent electrical energy from leaking along the insulator surface from the terminal to the metal case. The disrupted and longer path makes the electricity encounter more resistance along the surface of the spark plug even in the presence of dirt and moisture. Some spark plugs are manufactured without ribs; improvements in the dielectric strength of the insulator make them less important. On modern (post 1930s) spark plugs, the tip of the insulator protruding into the combustion chamber is the same sintered aluminium oxide (alumina) ceramic

neg: Spark plug ordinary cam phase sensor, knock sensor and misfire measurement function. Spark plugs may also be used in other applications such as furnaces wherein a combustible fuel/air mixture must be ignited. In this case, they are sometimes referred to as flame igniters. In 1860 Étienne Lenoir used an electric spark plug in his gas engine, the first internal combustion piston engine. Lenoir is generally credited with the invention of the spark plug. Early patents for spark plugs included those by Nikola Tesla (in for an ignition timing system, 1898), Frederick Richard Simms (GB 24859/1898, 1898) and Robert Bosch (GB 26907/1898). But

neg: Spark plug determined by a number of factors, but primarily the actual temperature within the combustion chamber. There is no direct relationship between the actual operating temperature of the spark plug and spark voltage. However, the level of torque currently being produced by the engine will strongly influence spark plug operating temperature because the maximal temperature and pressure occur when the engine is operating near peak torque output (torque and rotational speed directly determine the power output). The temperature of the insulator responds to the thermal conditions it is exposed to in the combustion chamber, but not vice versa. If the tip

neg: Spark plug in the process of removal. The protrusion of the tip into the chamber also affects plug performance, however; the more centrally located the spark gap is, generally the better the ignition of the air-fuel mixture will be, although experts believe the process is more complex and dependent on combustion chamber shape. On the other hand, if an engine is "burning oil", the excess oil leaking into the combustion chamber tends to foul the plug tip and inhibit the spark; in such cases, a plug with less protrusion than the engine would normally call for often collects less fouling and performs

neg: Corvair Fitch Sprint under the rear seat to reduce road noise in passenger compartment. Judson electronic magneto: Provides for longer spark plug and point life, hotter spark, and longer mileage between routine tuning. Early precursor to an electronic ignition system. Tuned length dual muffler: Trombone shape glass pack style mufflers providing enough length for mellow exhaust sound with a free flowing exhaust. Also known as exhaust extractors. Michelin X or Pirelli tires: Choice is offered. Exchanged for factory tires. Fog-Cote yellow dye: Attractive painted yellow dye applied to the outboard lowbeams to work better in fog conditions. Aeon progressive-rate auxiliary rubber spring bumpers:

neg: Coso artifact Coso artifact The Coso artifact is an object claimed by its discoverers to be a spark plug found encased in a lump of hard clay or rock on February 13, 1961, by Wallace Lane, Virginia Maxey and Mike Mikesell while they were prospecting for geodes near the town of Olancha, California, and long claimed as an example of an out-of-place artifact. The artifact has been identified as as a 1920s-era Champion spark plug. A spark plug encased in a 500,000-year-old "geode" would represent a substantial scientific and historical anomaly, as spark plugs were invented in the 19th century. Critics say

neg: Wasted spark Wasted spark The wasted spark system is an ignition system used in some four-stroke cycle internal combustion engines. In a wasted spark system, the spark plugs fire in pairs, with one plug in a cylinder on its compression stroke and the other plug in a cylinder on its exhaust stroke. The extra spark during the exhaust stroke has no effect and is thus "wasted". This design halves the number of components necessary in a typical ignition system, while the extra spark, against much reduced dielectric resistance, barely impacts the lifespan of modern ignition components. In a typical engine, it requires

neg: Spark plug by inter alia, Denso, NGK, Champion and Bosch. Most spark plugs seal to the cylinder head with a single-use hollow or folded metal washer which is crushed slightly between the flat surface of the head and that of the plug, just above the threads. Some spark plugs have a tapered seat that uses no washer. The torque for installing these plugs is supposed to be lower than a washer-sealed plug. Spark plugs with tapered seats should never be installed in vehicles with heads requiring washers, and vice versa. Otherwise, a poor seal or incorrect reach would result because of the

neg: Bowl Prechamber Ignition the prechamber due to the high pressure in the cylinder near top dead centre. Inside the prechamber spark plug, the air-fuel mixture is ignitable by the ignition spark. Flame jets occurring due to the small holes in the prechamber then ignite the air-fuel mixture in the main combustion chamber, that would not catch fire using a regular spark plug. Bowl Prechamber Ignition Bowl Prechamber Ignition, abbreviated BPI, is a combustion process designed for Otto cycle engines running on an air-fuel mixture leaner than stochiometric formula_1. Its distinguishing feature is a special type of spark plug, capable of reliably igniting very

neg: Delco ignition system the cap where a spark plug wire carries it to a spark plug. When the voltage is high enough it jumps the gap of the spark plug and ignites the fuel air mixture in the cylinder's combustion chamber One problem with this design is that, even with a properly sized capacitor, there will be some arcing at the points. Arcing causes the points to "burn." This in turn introduces resistance at the point contacts that reduces primary current and resulting spark intensity. A second problem involves the mechanical cam-follower block that rides on the distributor cam and opens the points.

neg: Nitro engine the combustion chamber through the exhaust port, and the cycle starts over by the fuel mixture being again pushed into the induction port. When starting, the glow plug is electrically preheated by electric current. The glow plug is not to be confused with a spark plug - there is no spark in the glow plug. Catalysis from methanol vapor on the heated platinum element keeps it red-hot even after voltage has been removed, which ignites the fuel and keeps the engine running. Whereas spark plugs are constantly used to ignite the fuel/air mix every time the piston comes up, as

neg: Barney Google and Snuffy Smith Plug". Barney's beloved "brown-eyed baby" was a bow-legged nag who seldom raced, and he was typically seen almost totally covered by his trademark patched blanket with his name scrawled on the side. "Peanuts" creator Charles M. Schulz was known to his friends as Sparky, a lifelong nickname given to him by his uncle as a diminutive of "Barney Google"'s Spark Plug. Comics historian Don Markstein noted that, In deference to his enormous popularity during this period, the strip was retitled "Barney Google and Spark Plug". DeBeck's strip hit its peak of popularity with Spark Plug at about the same time

neg: Spark plug the reading of the spark plugs. "Indexing" of plugs upon installation involves installing the spark plug so that the open area of its gap, not shrouded by the ground electrode, faces the center of the combustion chamber rather than one of its walls. The theory holds that this will maximize the exposure of the fuel-air mixture to the spark, also ensuring that every combustion chamber is even in layout and therefore resulting in better ignition. Indexing is accomplished by marking the location of the gap on the outside of the plug, installing it, and noting the direction in which the

neg: Cylinder Head Temperature gauge and other air-cooled engines as in cars and air-cooled motorcycles. The CHT senders usually has a K-type thermocouple that is mounted under the spark plug. The K-type thermocouple is pair of two dissimilar metals that produce a small voltage signal when heated. The metal closest to the spark plug is called the hot junction and the other close to the head cold junction. The ring under the spark plug is used to transfer the heat from the plug to the thermocouple. The gauge and cold junction are usually calibrated at room temperature . Because the thermocouple is calibrated for room

neg: Wasted spark initiating the flamefront at opposing points simultaneously (e.g. Alfa Romeo). These are not considered as wasted spark systems, as their sparks all take place after the useful compression stroke, rather than "wasted" in the exhaust stroke. Wasted spark The wasted spark system is an ignition system used in some four-stroke cycle internal combustion engines. In a wasted spark system, the spark plugs fire in pairs, with one plug in a cylinder on its compression stroke and the other plug in a cylinder on its exhaust stroke. The extra spark during the exhaust stroke has no effect and is thus "wasted".

neg: Jack Ruby later became part of the International Brotherhood of Teamsters (IBT). From his early childhood, Ruby was nicknamed "Sparky" by those who knew him. His sister, Eva Grant, said that he acquired the nickname because he resembled a slow-moving horse named "Spark Plug" or "Sparky" in the contemporary comic strip Barney Google. ("Spark Plug" debuted as a character in the strip in 1922, when Ruby was 11.) Other accounts say that the name was directly connected with his quick temper. In either event, Grant stated that Ruby didn't like the nickname Sparky and was quick to fight anyone who called him

neg: Spark plug cylinder head, and acts as the ground for the sparks passing through the central electrode to the side electrode. Spark plug threads are cold rolled to prevent thermal cycle fatigue. It's important to install spark plugs with the correct "reach," or thread length. Spark plugs can vary in reach from , such for automotive and small engine applications. Also, a marine spark plug's shell is double-dipped, zinc-chromate coated metal. The central electrode is connected to the terminal through an internal wire and commonly a ceramic series resistance to reduce emission of RF noise from the sparking. Non-resistor spark plugs, commonly

neg: Timing light dwell angle meter, or may be incorporated into a more comprehensive instrument such as an engine analyser. Self-contained units used to time automotive engines have an inductive pickup that clamps around the proper spark plug wire and serves as the trigger for the strobe. Power for the strobe comes directly from the vehicle's battery. Some older timing lights require the removal of the spark plug boot in order to attach a direct pickup between the wire's terminal and the centre conductor of the spark plug. Timing light A timing light is a stroboscope used to dynamically set the ignition timing

neg: 1992 Champion Spark Plug 400 ($ when considering inflation). The combined prize purse for this racing event was $641,610 ($ when considering inflation). Failed to qualify: H.B. Bailey (#36), James Hylton (#48), Jerry O'Neil (#65), Andy Belmont (#59), Chuck Bown (#90), Delma Cowart (#0), Bill Venturini (#35) "* Driver failed to finish race" 1992 Champion Spark Plug 400 The 1992 Champion Spark Plug 400 was a NASCAR Winston Cup Series racing event that was held on August 16, 1992, at Michigan International Speedway in the American community of Brooklyn, Michigan. Harry Gant would set a record for being the oldest winner of a NASCAR Cup

neg: 1975 Champion Spark Plug 400 1975 Champion Spark Plug 400 The 1975 Champion Spark Plug 400 was a NASCAR Winston Cup Series race that took place on August 24, 1975, at Michigan International Speedway in Brooklyn, Michigan. Historic flyers were sold for this race at a price of $1.50 per copy ($ when adjusted for inflation). The cost of admission to this race was relatively cheap; children got in for $5 USD ($ when adjusted for inflation) while adults got decent seats for $10 USD ($ when adjusted for inflation). Michigan International Speedway is a four-turn superspeedway that is long. Groundbreaking took place on September

neg: High tension leads wires, which may cause malfunction of sensitive electronic systems in modern vehicles or interfere with the car radio, various means in the spark plug and associated lead have been used over time to reduce the nuisance: During the production of the spark plug cable, the presence of residual dielectric is often found. This deposit affects the conductivity characteristics of the wire, creating a more or less important resistance that does not allow the wire to pass the routine tests. The patent of the company Brecav allowed to pursue the improvement of the quality standards of production of the spark plug

neg: Spark plug gauge with flat blades instead of round wires, as is used on distributor points or valve lash, will give erroneous results, due to the shape of spark plug electrodes. The simplest gauges are a collection of keys of various thicknesses which match the desired gaps and the gap is adjusted until the key fits snugly. With current engine technology, universally incorporating solid state ignition systems and computerized fuel injection, the gaps used are larger on average than in the era of carburetors and breaker point distributors, to the extent that spark plug gauges from that era cannot always measure the

neg: Roy Oswalt shoulder injury. After a month of pain in his upper shoulder, Oswalt was convinced that his shoulder was torn. Shortly thereafter, he was checking the spark plug wires on his pickup truck. He touched one of the spark plug wires, causing the truck's engine to start. The truck's electric current flowed through Oswalt's body, and consequently the muscles in his hand tightened on the spark plug wire. Unable to let go of it, Oswalt grasped the wire for almost one minute. Oswalt then claimed his foot slipped off the truck's bumper and he was finally "thrown off." After the electric

neg: ACDelco at least one spark plug patent (from 1898) before leaving Europe. In 1908, he went to see William C. Durant of the Buick Motor Co. Durant asked to see some of his prototypes. Buick at that time was using Rajah spark plugs. Durant thought they could manufacture spark plugs to Champion's design cheaper than buying them from Rajah, and set Champion up in a workshop in Flint, MI. Champion went to work producing spark plugs to be used in Buick automobiles. Champion and Durant formed "Champion Ignition Co." Very shortly later, the Stranahan brothers ("Champion Spark Plug Co.") informed them

neg: Monobloc engine seal. For low-powered engines this was a popular solution for some years. It was difficult to cool this plug, as the water jacket didn't extend into the plug. As performance increased, it also became important to have better combustion chamber designs with less "dead space". One solution was to place the spark plug in the centre of this plug, which at least made use of the space. However this also placed the spark plug further away from the main combustion chamber, leading to long flame paths and slower ignition. During World War I, development of the internal combustion engine progressed

neg: Alfa Romeo Twin Spark engine top of the compression stroke, and also the a spark plug in the cylinder nearing the top of the exhaust stroke (in a 4-cylinder 4-stroke engine with a 180° crank pistons 1 & 4 and pistons 2 & 3 rise and fall as pairs). So in this configuration each coil services two spark plugs and each cylinder is serviced by two coils. In case of a coil failure one of two plugs would still work. Ignition systems that fire a plug in a cylinder on its exhaust stroke are referred to as a "wasted spark" ignition system; as the spark

neg: 1977 Champion Spark Plug 400 1977 Champion Spark Plug 400 The 1977 Champion Spark Plug 400 was a NASCAR Winston Cup Series racing event that took place on August 22, 1977, at Michigan International Speedway in the American community of Brooklyn, Michigan. During this era, Michigan International Speedway was a Mercury-dominated track. It was also a track that suited a smooth driver or a driver that could change his driving tactics for Michigan International Speedway. Michigan International Speedway is a four-turn superspeedway that is long. Opened in 1968, the track's turns are banked at eighteen degrees, while the 3,600-foot-long front stretch, the location of the

neg: 1992 Champion Spark Plug 400 1992 Champion Spark Plug 400 The 1992 Champion Spark Plug 400 was a NASCAR Winston Cup Series racing event that was held on August 16, 1992, at Michigan International Speedway in the American community of Brooklyn, Michigan. Harry Gant would set a record for being the oldest winner of a NASCAR Cup Series racing at 52 years and 219 days. Oldsmobile would get their final victory as an active manufacturer and would be sidelined in favor of Pontiac (who left NASCAR after 2003) and Dodge (who left NASCAR after 2012). Davey Allison would die within months of this race while

neg: Kenelm Lee Guinness became a friend and assisted his motor-racing career, driving Sunbeam or Talbot cars. This continued in 1914, 1921, 1922, 1923 and 1924 alongside such famous drivers as Jean Chassagne. As for many racing motorists of this era, he had commercial interests in automotive engineering; in this case being the inventor of the KLG spark plug, a brand name surviving today. His experience in the 1912 Manx Tourist Trophy led him to develop a more reliable spark plug. The innovation of the KLG spark plug was its use of mica as an insulator. This mica was stacked in sheets and compressed

neg: Spark plug required gaps of current cars. Vehicles using compressed natural gas generally require narrower gaps than vehicles using gasoline. The gap adjustment can be crucial to proper engine operation. A narrow gap may give too small and weak a spark to effectively ignite the fuel-air mixture, but the plug will almost always fire on each cycle. A gap that is too wide might prevent a spark from firing at all or may misfire at high speeds, but will usually have a spark that is strong for a clean burn. A spark which intermittently fails to ignite the fuel-air mixture may not

neg: 1986 Champion Spark Plug 400 1986 Champion Spark Plug 400 The 1986 Champion Spark Plug 400 was a NASCAR Winston Cup Series racing event that was held on August 17, 1986, at Michigan International Speedway in the American community of Brooklyn, Michigan. Michigan International Speedway has been a Ford dominated track starting in 1984, and a Mercury track before that from 1969-78. It was also a track that suited a smooth driver or a driver that could change his driving tactics for Michigan International Speedway. Michigan International Speedway is a four-turn superspeedway that is long. Opened in 1968, the track's turns are banked at eighteen

neg: 1976 Champion Spark Plug 400 1976 Champion Spark Plug 400 The 1976 Champion Spark Plug 400 was a NASCAR Winston Cup Series racing event that took place on August 22, 1976, at Michigan International Speedway in Brooklyn, Michigan. During this era, Michigan International Speedway was a Mercury-dominated track. It was also a track that suited a smooth driver or a driver that could change his driving tactics for Michigan International Speedway. Michigan International Speedway is a four-turn superspeedway that is long. Opened in 1968, the track's turns are banked at eighteen degrees, while the 3,600-foot-long front stretch, the location of the finish line, is banked

neg: Champion Spark Plug Hour Phil Gleason. Irving Kaufman (1890-1976) was a featured vocalist with the band. The "Oswego Palladium-Times" (Oswego, New York) offered a description of the program for December 27, 1928: Haenschen, who was also the program's director, composed the show's theme song, "The March of the Champions" (aka "Champion Sparkers March"). The orchestra and quartet recorded for Brunswick Records in 1931, including "William Tell Overture", "The Mikado", "Peer Gynt Suites", "Parade of the Wooden Soldiers," "Just Bubbling Over with Love" and "Lilting Lucia." Champion Spark Plug Hour Champion Spark Plug Hour was a music radio program sponsored by Champion. It was broadcast

neg: Ignition coil or asphalt for insulation and moisture protection. Coils on modern automobiles are cast in filled epoxy resins which penetrate any voids within the winding. A modern single-spark system has one coil per spark plug. To prevent premature sparking at the start of the primary pulse, a diode or secondary spark gap is installed in the coil to block the reverse pulse that would otherwise form. In a coil meant for a dual-spark system, the secondary winding has two terminals isolated from the primary, and each terminal connects to a spark plug. With this system, no extra diode is needed since

neg: Donald J. Atwood Jr. 1959. In 1959 General Motors purchased the company, including 50 employees along with Atwood to obtain the valuable navigation and guidance system technology. Atwood was named associate director of the Boston Research and Development Laboratory of AC Spark Plug Division of General Motors (AC Delco) after the purchase. In 1961, Atwood was appointed director of engineering of Milwaukee operations of AC Spark Plug, a manufacturer of the Norden Bombsight and similar instruments during World War II. The Milwaukee operations of AC Spark Plug was made a separate division of General Motors as AC Electronics in the late 1960s, but as

neg: 1996 Bosch Spark Plug Grand Prix the wall at turn 1. He retired. When the restart would come out, Raul Boesel's engine blew up. The restart came out with 23 laps to go. Andretti's lead was growing up and any problem happened to him as he won the race. 1996 Bosch Spark Plug Grand Prix The 1996 Bosch Spark Plug Grand Prix was a CART race which happened at the Nazareth Speedway on April 28, 1996. It was the 5th round of the 1996 IndyCar season. Penske Racing driver Paul Tracy set the a mph speed of 190.737 mph, and also, the pole. It was a

neg: 1996 Bosch Spark Plug Grand Prix 1996 Bosch Spark Plug Grand Prix The 1996 Bosch Spark Plug Grand Prix was a CART race which happened at the Nazareth Speedway on April 28, 1996. It was the 5th round of the 1996 IndyCar season. Penske Racing driver Paul Tracy set the a mph speed of 190.737 mph, and also, the pole. It was a New Track Record. At lap 15, 1st caution came out as Hiro Matsushita collided with Juan Manuel Fangio II. The restart came out at lap 22. The top 10 at lap 25: Paul Tracy, Emerson Fittipaldi, Scott Pruett, Michael Andretti, Jimmy Vasser, Al

neg: Hyundai Kappa engine maintenance and care, the belt will last 100,000 mi/160,000 km. For ignition, the Kappa engine uses a new, longer reach spark plug which enabled engineers to enlarge the size of the water jacket to promote more efficient engine cooling around the critically important spark plug and exhaust port area. The long reach spark plug (M12 thread) also enabled engineers to enlarge the valve diameter for increased airflow and combustion efficiency. A lightweight, heat-resistant engineering plastic was used for the intake manifold. The fuel delivery pipe assembly is a returnless type (to eliminate evaporative fuel emissions) and is made of SUS

neg: 1982 Champion Spark Plug 400 last-place finisher's share of $1,850 ($ when adjusted for inflation). NASCAR officials on the track were authorized by the board of directors to hand out a grand total of $222,875 to all the qualifying drivers of this racing event ($ when adjusted for inflation). 1982 Champion Spark Plug 400 The 1982 Champion Spark Plug 400 was a NASCAR Winston Cup Series racing event held on August 22, 1982, at Michigan International Speedway in the American community of Brooklyn, Michigan. While the glory days of Richard Petty ended before this race, he was still more recognized to the general public than

neg: 1982 Champion Spark Plug 400 1982 Champion Spark Plug 400 The 1982 Champion Spark Plug 400 was a NASCAR Winston Cup Series racing event held on August 22, 1982, at Michigan International Speedway in the American community of Brooklyn, Michigan. While the glory days of Richard Petty ended before this race, he was still more recognized to the general public than Dale Earnhardt and Darrell Waltrip during the early 1980s. Between 1974 and 1982, the troika of Waltrip, Cale Yarborough and Richard Petty were considered to be the "elite three drivers" of the NASCAR scene. The rest of 1982 would see a NASCAR Winston Cup

neg: 1999 Bosch Spark Plug Grand Prix 1999 Bosch Spark Plug Grand Prix The 1999 Bosch Spark Plug Grand Prix was the fourth round of the 1999 CART FedEx Champ Car World Series season, held on May 2, 1999, on the Nazareth Speedway in Nazareth, Pennsylvania. Juan Pablo Montoya followed up on his win in Long Beach by taking his first CART pole in Nazareth, beating Hélio Castro-Neves by the minute margin of one-thousandth of a second. Montoya led the early stages of the race until Castro-Neves passed him in traffic on lap 39, however a quicker pitstop by Montoya's Ganassi team got Montoya back out in

neg: Alfa Romeo Twin Spark engine rather large 44 mm diameter inlet valve on the 2.0 engine. On the newer models using the 8V engine the system uses the popular wasted spark system as well. (as also used in Ford EDIS), combining one coil for 2 plugs on opposite phase sister cylinders like 1-4, 2-3 on 4 cylinder engine.. 8V twinspark head view On the Alfa 16V Twin Spark engines one spark plug is ideally located in the centre of the cylinder, as is common in virtually all multi-valve configuration engines. In order to accommodate a second spark plug in the 4-valve combustion chamber, a smaller

neg: Castle Bravo inside, equally applying pressure with the tamper. The compression factor of the fusion fuel and its adiabatic compression energy determined the minimal energy required for the spark plug to counteract the compression of the fusion fuel and the tamper's momentum. The spark plug weighed about 18 kg, and its initial firing yielded . Then it would be completely fissioned by the fusion neutrons, contributing about to the total yield. The energy required by the spark plug to counteract the compression of the fusion fuel was lower than the primary's yield because coupling of the primary’s energy in the hohlraum is

neg: 1979 Champion Spark Plug 400 Brewer, and Jake Elder. By the following season, NASCAR had completely stopped tracking the year model of all the vehicles and most teams did not take stock cars to the track under their own power anymore. Failed to qualify: Jan Opperman (#96) "* Driver failed to finish race" 1979 Champion Spark Plug 400 The 1979 Champion Spark Plug 400 was a NASCAR Winston Cup Series racing event that took place on August 19, 1979, at Michigan International Speedway in Brooklyn, Michigan. Only manual transmission vehicles were allowed to participate in this race; a policy that NASCAR has retained to the

neg: 1979 Champion Spark Plug 400 1979 Champion Spark Plug 400 The 1979 Champion Spark Plug 400 was a NASCAR Winston Cup Series racing event that took place on August 19, 1979, at Michigan International Speedway in Brooklyn, Michigan. Only manual transmission vehicles were allowed to participate in this race; a policy that NASCAR has retained to the present day. Michigan International Speedway had been a Mercury-dominated track from 1969-78 before its driving style became neutral to all manufacturers. It was also a track that suited a smooth driver or a driver that could change his driving tactics for Michigan International Speedway. Michigan International Speedway is

neg: 1976 Champion Spark Plug 400 make his NASCAR Cup Series debut at this event while David Hobbs would wrap up his professional stock car career afterward. "† signifies that the driver is known to be deceased" <br> "* Driver failed to finish race" 1976 Champion Spark Plug 400 The 1976 Champion Spark Plug 400 was a NASCAR Winston Cup Series racing event that took place on August 22, 1976, at Michigan International Speedway in Brooklyn, Michigan. During this era, Michigan International Speedway was a Mercury-dominated track. It was also a track that suited a smooth driver or a driver that could change his driving tactics

neg: Michael Schelp of the seven-person International Academy of Television Arts and Sciences Emmy Committee. Michael Schelp is the president and chief executive officer of Spark Plug Entertainment, a New York-based studio that produces computer-animated features for the international home entertainment and television markets. In the United States, Spark Plug features on DVD are sold at Walmart, Kmart, and other leading retailers and aired on the Starz premium cable channel. Spark Plug has released eleven titles: "Bug Bites" (aka "Ant's Life"), "Operation Dalmatian", "Mee Christmas", "Car's Life", "Plan Bee", "Spider's Web", "Piper Penguin and His Amazing Flying Machines", "Car's Life 2", "Toyz Goin'

neg: 1986 Champion Spark Plug 400 from the NASCAR Cup Series after this event was over. Pearson would go on to become "racing royalty" at Michigan International Speedway due to his incredible performances on that race track alone. While starting an average of 8th place on all NASCAR races that took place on Michigan International Speedway, Pearson's average finish of 12th place would be accompanied by nine other MIS racing victories and twenty finishes in the "top ten." 1986 Champion Spark Plug 400 The 1986 Champion Spark Plug 400 was a NASCAR Winston Cup Series racing event that was held on August 17, 1986, at Michigan

neg: 2016 Citizen Soldier 400 Also it's hard to diagnose the problem if the motor's blown up. Because you're in a position this weekend where you just have to go for it and what you hope is you've got something as simple as a plug wire or a spark plug that you can replace and the motor's not going to grenade. We came here and looked at it, and actually on the digital dash, we have a little diagnosis page and nothing is showing up, so we didn't know what was wrong. We were just going to salvage as long as we could." He went

neg: 1975 Champion Spark Plug 400 manufacturer. Terry Bivins would make his NASCAR debut in this race. Richard Petty would keep his championship lead after this race. However, Dave Marcis would only be 573 points behind (despite not winning a race up to this point). Walter Ballard would be mathematically eliminated from winning the Winston Cup Series championship at this point despite participating in all 20 races. 1975 Champion Spark Plug 400 The 1975 Champion Spark Plug 400 was a NASCAR Winston Cup Series race that took place on August 24, 1975, at Michigan International Speedway in Brooklyn, Michigan. Historic flyers were sold for this race

neg: Champion Spark Plug Hour Champion Spark Plug Hour Champion Spark Plug Hour was a music radio program sponsored by Champion. It was broadcast on New York's WJZ and WGY during the late 1920s and early 1930s. An entry in "The Chronicle-Telegram" (Elyria, Ohio) for October 4, 1926, indicates the show aired on Tuesday afternoons at 5 p.m. By 1928, they were heard Wednesday evenings at 8 p.m. on the NBC Blue Network. The program featured the Champion Sparkers Male Quartet and an orchestra conducted by Walter Gustave "Gus" Haenschen. Personnel in the band included Sam Lewis (trombone), Earl Oliver (trumpet), Merle Johnston (saxophone) and

neg: NGK NGK , the company employed 10,407 people, and operated a network of 7 liaison offices, 12 sales offices, 13 production sites and 2 technical centers worldwide. NGK Spark Plugs was founded as a spin-off of the spark plug division of NGK Insulators. Originally, NGK supplied most of its products to Japanese automakers. In 2018 the company became a shareholder of aftermarket data firm TecAlliance. NGK stands for Nippon (Japan) Gaishi (insulator) Kaisha (company). Established in 1966 - NGK Spark Plugs (USA), Inc. was founded as a subsidiary of NGK Spark Plug Co, Ltd., of Japan. Its corporate headquarters was first

neg: NGK since 2007 until 2011. But in 2012 until present, NGK only supplied for Honda-powered IndyCar Series teams. NGK Spark Plugs are currently the exclusive spark plug supplier for MotoGP, Moto2, Moto3 and Superbike World Championship for motorcycle racing category. NGK also sponsors a number of drivers, including British racer Charlie Martin and National Hot Rod Association driver Don O'Neal NGK , the company employed 10,407 people, and operated a network of 7 liaison offices, 12 sales offices, 13 production sites and 2 technical centers worldwide. NGK Spark Plugs was founded as a spin-off of the spark plug division of NGK

neg: Spark plug over long periods of time and extended use. Spark plugs are specified by size, either thread or nut (often referred to as "Euro"), sealing type (taper or crush washer), and spark gap. Common thread (nut) sizes in Europe are 10 mm (16 mm), 14 mm (21 mm; sometimes, 16 mm), and 18 mm (24 mm, sometimes, 21 mm). In the United States, common thread (nut) sizes are 10mm (16mm), 12mm (14mm, 16mm or 17.5mm), 14mm (16mm, 20.63mm) and 18mm (20.63mm). The top of the spark plug contains a terminal to connect to the ignition system. Over of the years variations

neg: NGK Technical Ceramics business unit produces fine ceramics, cutting tools and products for the medical industry, under NTK Technical Ceramics. In December 2017, the company announced it will shift its focus towards solid-state batteries, utilizing its ceramics expertise. The company said it is shifting its focus, due to an anticipated shift to EVs in the future that could turn its spark plug and oxygen sensor operations obsolete. NGK Spark Plugs are also used by a variety of Formula One teams including Ferrari, McLaren, Sauber, Force India and Scuderia Toro Rosso. NGK Spark Plugs was exclusive spark plug supplier for IndyCar Series