query: when did lord of the rings become popular

pos: The Lord of the Rings iron. Here is a book which will break your heart." Despite these reviews and its lack of paperback printing until the 1960s, "The Lord of the Rings" initially sold well in hardback. In 1957, "The Lord of the Rings" was awarded the International Fantasy Award. Despite its numerous detractors, the publication of the Ace Books and Ballantine paperbacks helped "The Lord of the Rings" become immensely popular in the United States in the 1960s. The book has remained so ever since, ranking as one of the most popular works of fiction of the twentieth century, judged by both sales and

pos: The Lord of the Rings iron. Here is a book which will break your heart." Despite these reviews and its lack of paperback printing until the 1960s, "The Lord of the Rings" initially sold well in hardback. In 1957, "The Lord of the Rings" was awarded the International Fantasy Award. Despite its numerous detractors, the publication of the Ace Books and Ballantine paperbacks helped "The Lord of the Rings" become immensely popular in the United States in the 1960s. The book has remained so ever since, ranking as one of the most popular works of fiction of the twentieth century, judged by both sales and

pos: J. R. R. Tolkien audience, drawing on the immense backstory of Beleriand that Tolkien had constructed in previous years, and which eventually saw posthumous publication in "The Silmarillion" and other volumes. Tolkien's influence weighs heavily on the fantasy genre that grew up after the success of "The Lord of the Rings". "The Lord of the Rings" became immensely popular in the 1960s and has remained so ever since, ranking as one of the most popular works of fiction of the 20th century, judged by both sales and reader surveys. In the 2003 "Big Read" survey conducted by the BBC, "The Lord of the Rings"

pos: Reception of J. R. R. Tolkien Rings." In his essay, "Epic Pooh", he equates Tolkien's work to "Winnie-the-Pooh" and criticizes it and similar works for their perceived Merry England point of view. Incidentally, Moorcock met both Tolkien and Lewis in his teens and claims to have liked them personally, even though he does not admire them on artistic grounds. In 1957, it was awarded the International Fantasy Award. Despite its numerous detractors, the publication of the Ace Books and Ballantine paperbacks helped "The Lord of the Rings" become immensely popular in the 1960s. The book has remained so ever since, ranking as one of the most

pos: Reception of J. R. R. Tolkien legendarium which includes "The Hobbit", "The Lord of the Rings", and "The Silmarillion". Tolkien's "The Hobbit", a children's book, was first published in 1937, and it proved popular. However, "The Lord of the Rings", first published in 1954 through 1955, would give rise to the fandom as a cultural phenomenon. Bootleg paperbacks published by Ace Books eventually found their way into colleges in the US in the 1960s. In response, a revised, authorized edition was published by Ballantine Books. The "hippie" following latched onto the book, giving its own spin to the work's interpretation, such as the Dark Lord Sauron

pos: The Lord of the Rings beginning with its publication in the 1950s, but especially throughout the 1960s and 1970s, during which time young people embraced it as a countercultural saga. "Frodo Lives!" and "Gandalf for President" were two phrases popular amongst United States Tolkien fans during this time. Parodies like the "Harvard Lampoon"<nowiki>'</nowiki>s "Bored of the Rings", the "VeggieTales" episode "Lord of the Beans", the "South Park" episode "The Return of the Fellowship of the Ring to the Two Towers", the "Futurama" film "", "" episode "Lights! Camera! Danger!", "The Big Bang Theory" episode "The Precious Fragmentation", and the "American Dad!" episode "The Return of

pos: Frodo Lives! Frodo Lives! "Frodo Lives!" was a popular counterculture slogan in the 1960s and 1970s, referring to the character Frodo Baggins from J. R. R. Tolkien's fantasy novel "The Lord of the Rings". The term was used frequently in graffiti, buttons, bumper-stickers, T-shirts, and other materials. It was commonly associated with the hippie movement. Other examples of use include a "Frodo Lives" album released by Smash Records and merchandising items for the New Line Cinema "The Lord of the Rings" film trilogy. The phrase was also displayed during the activation of a computer virus in the early 1990s, in which the

neg: The Lord of the Rings putting on hold "Roverandom", and accepting "Farmer Giles of Ham", Allen & Unwin thought more stories about hobbits would be popular. So at the age of 45, Tolkien began writing the story that would become "The Lord of the Rings." The story would not be finished until 12 years later, in 1949, and would not be fully published until 1955, when Tolkien was 63 years old. Persuaded by his publishers, he started "a new Hobbit" in December 1937. After several false starts, the story of the One Ring emerged. The idea for the first chapter ("A Long-Expected Party") arrived fully

neg: The Lord of the Rings that "the English-speaking world is divided into those who have read "The Lord of the Rings" and "The Hobbit" and those who are going to read them". The "New York Herald Tribune" also seemed to have an idea of how popular the books would become, writing in its review that they were "destined to outlast our time". W. H. Auden, an admirer of Tolkien's writings, regarded "The Lord of the Rings" as a "masterpiece", further stating that in some cases it outdid the achievement of John Milton's "Paradise Lost". "New York Times" reviewer Judith Shulevitz criticized the "pedantry" of Tolkien's

neg: The Lord of the Rings (film series) negotiate with Saul Zaentz who had held the rights to the book since the early 1970s, pitching an adaptation of "The Hobbit" and two films based on "The Lord of the Rings". Negotiations then stalled when Universal Studios offered Jackson a remake of "King Kong". Weinstein was furious, and further problems arose when it turned out Zaentz did not have distribution rights to "The Hobbit"; United Artists, which was in the market, did. By April 1996, the rights question was still not resolved. Jackson decided to move ahead with "King Kong" before filming "The Lord of the Rings", prompting Universal

neg: Music of The Lord of the Rings film series a rule of the Academy to not nominate sequel scores that reuse old themes, a rule that was undone specifically as to allow for the nomination of Return of the King. The latter film also won an Oscar statuette for Best Song, as well as the Golden Globe Award for Best Original Score and Best Original Song. Shore's music for "The Lord of the Rings" has become the most successful composition of his career and one of the most popular motion picture scores in history. Along with his Music of The Hobbit film series, the prequels to the Lord of

neg: The Lord of the Rings Strategy Battle Game production of The Lord of the Rings Strategy Battle Game and all supplements. In the 1980s, Games Workshop produced a range of miniatures for "The Lord of the Rings", using original character designs based on fantasy art popular of the time. This was the first range of "Lord of the Rings" miniatures that Citadel created, taking over from Grenadier Miniatures in 1985, before the license passed to Mithril Miniatures around 1987. The earliest releases were semi-solid base, having a small solid base; later releases were slot based. The current "Lord of the Rings" range stems from Games Workshop's rights to

neg: The Sword of Shannara tradition but is quite able to stand apart from "Lord of the Rings". "The Sword of Shannara" sold about 125,000 copies in its first month in print, and this success provided a major boost to the fantasy genre. Louise J. Winters writes that "until "Shannara", no fantasy writer except J. R. R. Tolkien had made such an impression on the general public." Critic David Pringle said that Brooks "demonstrated in 1977 that the commercial success of Tolkien's "The Lord of the Rings" had not been a fluke, and that fantasy really did have the potential to become a mass-market genre".

neg: The Lord of the Rings as well as earlier fantasy works and Tolkien's experiences in World War I. "The Lord of the Rings" in its turn is considered to have had a great effect on modern fantasy; the impact of Tolkien's works is such that the use of the words "Tolkienian" and "Tolkienesque" have been recorded in the "Oxford English Dictionary". The enduring popularity of "The Lord of the Rings" has led to numerous references in popular culture, the founding of many societies by fans of Tolkien's works, and the publication of many books about Tolkien and his works. "The Lord of the Rings" has

neg: The Lord of the Rings (1978 film) of the Rings".) In the mid-1970s, Bakshi, who had since achieved box office success producing adult-oriented animated films such as "Fritz the Cat", learned of UA and Boorman's attempts to adapt the story. He was told that Boorman had planned to produce all three parts of "The Lord of the Rings" as a single film, and commented, "I thought that was madness, certainly a lack of character on Boorman's part. Why would you want to tamper with anything Tolkien did?" When Boorman's proposed adaptation fell apart, Bakshi approached the studio and proposed that he direct a three-part animated film adaptation

neg: Reception of J. R. R. Tolkien being acknowledged as a significant one. On its initial review the "Sunday Telegraph" felt it was "among the greatest works of imaginative fiction of the twentieth century." The "Sunday Times" seemed to echo these sentiments when in its review it was stated that "the English-speaking world is divided into those who have read "The Lord of the Rings" and "The Hobbit" and those who are going to read them." The "New York Herald Tribune" also seemed to have an idea of how popular the books would become, writing in its review that they were "destined to outlast our time", and

neg: J. R. R. Tolkien children, came in 1936 to the attention of Susan Dagnall, an employee of the London publishing firm George Allen & Unwin, who persuaded Tolkien to submit it for publication. When it was published a year later, the book attracted adult readers as well as children, and it became popular enough for the publishers to ask Tolkien to produce a sequel. The request for a sequel prompted Tolkien to begin what would become his most famous work: the epic novel "The Lord of the Rings" (originally published in three volumes 1954–1955). Tolkien spent more than ten years writing the primary narrative

neg: The Lord of the Rings: The Fellowship of the Ring (video game) of his ruse, removing and hiding their Three Rings, which Celebrimbor had forged without Sauron's aid. Sauron waged war on the elves, conquering much of Middle-earth and killing Celebrimbor. Thus began the Dark Years, when Sauron took possession of the remaining sixteen Rings, giving seven to the dwarves and nine to men in an effort to corrupt them. The dwarves proved relatively immune to the powers of the Rings, acquiring only a greed for gold, and becoming unconcerned with events in the wider world. Men proved less resilient, and the nine kings given the Rings become the nine Ring-wraiths, or

neg: The Lord of the Rings (1955 radio series) The Lord of the Rings (1955 radio series) During 1955 and 1956, a condensed radio dramatisation of "The Lord of the Rings" was broadcast in twelve episodes on BBC Radio's the Third Programme. These radio broadcasts were the first dramatisation of "The Lord of the Rings", a book by J. R. R. Tolkien, the final volume of which, "The Return of the King", had been published in October 1955. Since the BBC did not generally keep long-term archives of its productions at that time, no copies of the adaptation are known to have survived. The first part of the story,

neg: The Lord of the Rings (1955 radio series) the B.B.C." ("The Letters of J. R. R. Tolkien", Letter 198, 19 June 1957) The Lord of the Rings (1955 radio series) During 1955 and 1956, a condensed radio dramatisation of "The Lord of the Rings" was broadcast in twelve episodes on BBC Radio's the Third Programme. These radio broadcasts were the first dramatisation of "The Lord of the Rings", a book by J. R. R. Tolkien, the final volume of which, "The Return of the King", had been published in October 1955. Since the BBC did not generally keep long-term archives of its productions at that time, no copies

neg: The Lord of the Rings Trading Card Game The Lord of the Rings Trading Card Game The Lord of the Rings Trading Card Game (a.k.a. LOTR TCG) is an out-of-print collectible card game produced by Decipher, Inc. Released November 2001, it is based on Peter Jackson's "The Lord of the Rings" film trilogy and the J. R. R. Tolkien novel on which the films were based. Decipher also had the rights to "The Hobbit" novel but did not release any cards based on it. In addition to images taken from the films, in 2004 Weta Workshop produced artwork depicting characters and items from the novel absent from the

neg: Liesegang rings (geology) a concentric pattern of rings. Liesegang and successive other workers observed the behavior of precipitates forming rings in sedimentary rocks, hence these features became known as "Liesegang rings". The process by which Liesegang rings develop is not completely understood. Liesegang rings may form from the chemical segregation of iron oxides and other minerals during weathering. One popular mechanism suggested by geochemists is that Liesegang rings develop when there is a lack of convection (advection) and has to do with the inter-diffusion of reacting species such as oxygen and ferrous iron that precipitate in separate discrete bands which become spaced apart

neg: The Lord of the Rings: The Third Age the Dark Years, when Sauron took possession of the remaining sixteen Rings, giving seven to the dwarves and nine to men in an effort to corrupt them. The dwarves proved relatively immune to the powers of the Rings, acquiring only a greed for gold, and becoming unconcerned with events in the wider world. Men proved less resilient, and the nine kings given the Rings become the nine Ring-wraiths, or Nazgûl, led by the Witch-king of Angmar. In his ongoing efforts to conquer Middle-earth, Sauron regained the allegiance of many of Morgoth's servants from the First Age, and successfully corrupted Númenor.

neg: Queen Berúthiel Queen Berúthiel Queen Berúthiel is a minor fictional character in J. R. R. Tolkien's legendarium. The Cats of Queen Berúthiel were at first mention used as a cognitive estrangement device in an off-hand remark in the "Lord of the Rings". In "The Lord of the Rings", Aragorn uses Berúthiel's cats as a byword for navigation in the dark: This suggests that Berúthiel and her cats have passed into popular legend by the time of the War of the Ring. Outside of the brief reference in "Lord of the Rings", Berúthiel was first described in "Unfinished Tales". She was of Black

neg: Stanley Kubrick claims that Kubrick concluded that he did not have the patience or temperament to become involved in the porn industry, and Southern stated that Kubrick was "too ultra conservative" towards sexuality to have seriously gone ahead with it, but liked the idea. Kubrick was unable to direct a film of Umberto Eco's "Foucault's Pendulum" as Eco had given his publisher instructions to never sell the film rights to any of his books after his dissatisfaction with the film version of "The Name of the Rose". Also, when the film rights to Tolkien's "The Lord of the Rings" were sold to

neg: Reception of J. R. R. Tolkien popular works of fiction of the twentieth century, judged by both sales and reader surveys. In the 2003 "Big Read" survey conducted by the BBC, "The Lord of the Rings" was found to be the "Nation's best-loved book." In similar 2004 polls both Germany and Australia also found "The Lord of the Rings" to be their favourite book. In a 1999 poll of Amazon.com customers, "The Lord of the Rings" was judged to be their favourite "book of the millennium." Tolkien's fiction began to acquire respectability among academics only at the end of his life, with the publication of Paul

neg: Adaptations of The Lord of the Rings 1960s radio station WBAI-FM, New York, broadcast a short adaptation of "The Lord of the Rings", with music. This version, which had not been authorized by Tolkien, was later suppressed by his legal representatives. A 1979 dramatization of "The Lord of the Rings" was broadcast in the USA. The series was produced by The Mind's Eye, a small theater company that specialized in audio adaptations of popular works, and which also produced a six-hour adaptation of "The Hobbit". The Mind's Eye version has since been reproduced and sold in many different cassette tape, CD and MP3 editions. In 1981 the

neg: The Lord of the Rings dark elves, following Tolkien's example), dwarves, half-elves, orcs, and dragons. However, Gary Gygax, lead designer of the game, maintained that he was influenced very little by "The Lord of the Rings", stating that he included these elements as a marketing move to draw on the popularity the work enjoyed at the time he was developing the game. Because D&D has gone on to influence many popular role-playing video games, the influence of "The Lord of the Rings" extends to many of them as well, with titles such as "Dragon Quest", the "Ultima" series, "EverQuest", the "Warcraft" series, and the "Elder

neg: The Lord of the Rings "Journey in the Dark", and "Hobbits". In 1989 the symphony was awarded the Sudler Composition Award, awarded biennially for best wind band composition. The Danish Tolkien Ensemble have released a number of albums that feature the complete poems and songs of "The Lord of the Rings" set to music, with some featuring recitation by Christopher Lee. Enya wrote an instrumental piece called "Lothlórien" in 1991, and composed two songs for the film ""—"May It Be" (sung in English and Quenya) and "Aníron" (sung in Sindarin). "The Lord of the Rings" has had a profound and wide-ranging impact on popular culture,

neg: Frodo Baggins Frodo Baggins Frodo Baggins is a fictional character in J. R. R. Tolkien's legendarium, and the main protagonist of "The Lord of the Rings". Frodo is a hobbit of the Shire who inherits the One Ring from his cousin (referred to as his uncle) Bilbo Baggins and undertakes the quest to destroy it in the fires of Mount Doom. He is also mentioned in Tolkien's posthumously published works, "The Silmarillion" and "Unfinished Tales". Frodo did not appear until the third draft of "A Long-Expected Party" (the first chapter of "The Lord of the Rings"), when he was named Bingo (after

neg: Galadriel Annette Crosbie in Ralph Bakshi's 1978 animated film of "The Lord of the Rings", and by Marian Diamond in BBC Radio's 1981 serialisation. While she did not appear in the 1980 animated "The Return of the King", she was mentioned by name when Frodo refers to Galadriel's phial. In Peter Jackson's "Lord of the Rings" trilogy and "The Hobbit" prequel trilogy, Galadriel is played by Cate Blanchett. In the movies, other than possessing the Ring Nenya, Galadriel displays an ability to communicate with others telepathically and to assume a radiant and terrifying appearance. In "", as she was present at

neg: Principal photography of The Lord of the Rings film series was during this time shooting became focused on the battle of Amon Hen. Sean Bean began filming in November for most of his scenes. A Christmas break followed, and filming resumed on January 17. Ian McKellen, fresh from filming "X-Men", arrived to film scenes in Hobbiton and the Grey Havens. McKellen did not become that close to the lead Hobbit actors, as he generally worked with their scale doubles, but when Christopher Lee arrived in February, they became very friendly. Shooting the fight sequence in the Orthanc interiors, without air conditioning (for atmosphere) but with heavy wigs and robes, was

neg: Risk: The Lord of the Rings Trilogy Edition become the most important areas of the game. Points do not matter in this version, only total destruction of the enemy or the fate of the One Ring will determine the winner of "Team Risk". Regardless of how many people are playing, you may choose to not use the Lord of the Rings rules and simply play a standard global domination game. For first-time players of any Risk game, it would be advisable to start with just the Standard Global domination style game rather than jumping right into the full rules of Lord of the Rings Risk. Once you understand

neg: Middle-earth Role Playing to determine the 50 most popular roleplaying games of all time. The UK magazine's editor Paul Pettengale commented: "The popularity of the books, we would suggest, explains why the game based on Tolkien's world is so popular. For the system is overly complicated (being based on the complex "Rolemaster" system - see number 15), and it suffers from the problem of timing. For example, in which time do you set your campaign? Set it before "The Lord of the Rings" and everyone knows what's going to happen, set it after "The Lord of the Rings" and you've got to make

neg: Principal photography of The Lord of the Rings film series Elijah Wood's first close-ups were actually shot on that ledge. This would become a general failsafe measure if the weather disrupted the shooting schedule. On Wood and the second Cirith Ungol shoot, Peter Jackson stated, "A year later, we were back in the squash court, and this time the heat was on Elijah. He had to get his head back into a scene that had been half-filmed so long ago. He knew that he had to deliver a performance that matched the emotion of Sean's takes, and that he did to perfection". After this scene, when the flood ended, it

neg: Risk: The Lord of the Rings Trilogy Edition the basic mechanics of any standard Risk game, you can more easily learn the rest of the particulars of any other special interest Risk games like the Lord of the Rings Trilogy edition or the Star Wars editions, 2210 AD, Transformers Risk, etc. Many fans were upset about the initial release of "Risk: The Lord of the Rings" because it did not include the regions (continents) of Gondor and Mordor. This was odd because unlike normal Risk, in this game certain players use "Forces of Evil" armies and others use "Forces of Good" armies: Gondor is the head "good" country

neg: Lord of the Rings: Game One lacked coherent solutions. Lord of the Rings: Game One Lord of the Rings: Game One (released in North America as The Fellowship of the Ring: A Software Adventure) is a computer game released in and based on the book "The Fellowship of the Ring", by J. R. R. Tolkien. It was the follow-up to the 1982 game "The Hobbit", although did not reach the same level of critical and commercial success as its predecessor, and is considered inferior by the gaming community, with many complaining about the removal of the real-time aspects and complex AI patterns of the previous game,

neg: Lord of the Rings: Game One Lord of the Rings: Game One Lord of the Rings: Game One (released in North America as The Fellowship of the Ring: A Software Adventure) is a computer game released in and based on the book "The Fellowship of the Ring", by J. R. R. Tolkien. It was the follow-up to the 1982 game "The Hobbit", although did not reach the same level of critical and commercial success as its predecessor, and is considered inferior by the gaming community, with many complaining about the removal of the real-time aspects and complex AI patterns of the previous game, and puzzles that

neg: Middle-earth in video games The prototype ROM can be found at AtariAge. In 1990, Interplay, in collaboration with Electronic Arts (who would later obtain the licenses to the film trilogy), released "Lord of the Rings Vol. I" (a special CD-ROM version of which featured cut-scenes from Ralph Bakshi's animated adaptation) and the following year's "Lord of the Rings Vol. II: The Two Towers", a series of role-playing video games based on the events of the first two books. A third installment was planned, but never released. Interplay's games mostly appeared on the PC and Amiga, but later they did a "Lord of the Rings"

neg: Tolkien: A Look Behind "The Lord of the Rings" Unfortunately, he did not have the scholarly training to do this with sufficient rigor and the book has many factual errors throughout, but his enthusiasm is infectious." Tolkien: A Look Behind "The Lord of the Rings" Tolkien: A Look Behind "The Lord of the Rings" is a study of the works of J. R. R. Tolkien written by Lin Carter. It was first published in paperback by Ballantine Books in March 1969 and reprinted in April 1969, April 1970, July 1971, July 1972, February 1973, July 1973, June 1975 and November 1977, after which it went out of print for

neg: The Lord of the Rings & Unwin, led to the book being offered to Collins in 1950. Tolkien intended "The Silmarillion" (itself largely unrevised at this point) to be published along with "The Lord of the Rings," but A&U were unwilling to do this. After Milton Waldman, his contact at Collins, expressed the belief that "The Lord of the Rings" itself "urgently wanted cutting", Tolkien eventually demanded that they publish the book in 1952. Collins did not; and so Tolkien wrote to Allen and Unwin, saying, "I would gladly consider the publication of any part of the stuff", fearing his work would never see the

neg: Translations of The Lord of the Rings 38 (or 39) languages for which translations of ""The Hobbit" and/or "The Lord of the Rings"" exist: For some of these languages, there is a translation of "The Hobbit", but not of "The Lord of the Rings". For some languages, there is more than one translation of "The Lord of the Rings". These notably include Russian, besides Swedish, Norwegian, German, Polish and Slovenian. In addition to languages mentioned above, there are published translations of the Hobbit into Albanian, Arabic, Armenian, Belarusian, Esperanto, Faroese, Georgian, Irish, Luxembourgish, Macedonian, and Persian. Comparatively few translations appeared during Tolkien's lifetime: when Tolkien died on

neg: The Lord of the Rings (film series) to enter a deal with Miramax to receive foreign earnings from "The Lord of the Rings" while Miramax received foreign earnings from "King Kong". It was also revealed that Jackson originally wanted to finish "King Kong" before "The Lord of the Rings" began. But due to location problems, he decided to start with "The Lord of the Rings" franchise instead. When Universal cancelled "King Kong" in 1997, Jackson and Walsh immediately received support from Weinstein and began a six-week process of sorting out the rights. Jackson and Walsh asked Costa Botes to write a synopsis of the book and they

neg: The Lord of the Rings (pinball) The Lord of the Rings (pinball) The Lord of the Rings is a 2003 pinball game designed by George Gomez and distributed by Stern Pinball. It is based on The Lord of the Rings (film series), which was first released in 2001. It features the highest possible score multiplier in pinball to date: During a combined "Two Towers" and "Gollum" Multiball it is possible to achieve a 84x Jackpot (when scoring seven subsequent combo Jackpot shots, having the 2x scoring Elf gift and the Sméagol phase of Gollum Multiball running at once). This game was re-released in December 2009 as

neg: Lord of the Rings (musical) brave, stirring, epic piece of popular theatre" and "The Guardian" gave the show a four star rating, calling it "a hugely impressive production". While the Toronto version was dubbed "Bored of The Rings", the London production was labelled by "The Sun" as "Flawed of The Rings". However, it proved popular with audiences, being nominated for 7 Whatsonstage Theatregoer's Choice Awards in 2007 and 5 Olivier Awards in 2008, including book and lyrics, lighting (Paul Pyant), sets and costumes (both Rob Howell) and sound. Abbie Osman later replaced Kelly as Galadriel on February 4, 2008. On June 19, 2008, many of

neg: Kaitlyn Lusk Kaitlyn Lusk Kaitlyn Lusk is an American singer, best known as a vocalist in The Lord of the Rings Live to Projection concert series. She is a mezzo-soprano. Lusk credits her father as the largest influence on her. She has been the vocalist in Lord of the Rings performances since she debuted with the Baltimore Symphony when she was 14 years old. She went on to sing "Into the West" from The Lord of the Rings as Howard Shore was being awarded for the song by the Grammy association, and became one of the featured vocalists of The Lord of

neg: Simon the Sorcerer popular books and fairy tales, including Rapunzel, "The Lord of the Rings", "Discworld", The Chronicles of Narnia, Jack and the Beanstalk, and the Three Billy Goats Gruff. Mike Woodroffe, "Simon the Sorcerer"s director and producer, wanted to create the game to exploit a market for comic adventure games, which he realised existed due to the success of "". His son, Simon, penned the script. He was inspired by Terry Pratchett (AdventureSoft originally intended to make a "Discworld" game, but were unable to obtain a licence), and he and his father hoped that he would become involved with the game. Although

neg: Abbey Road of the Moon" and produce many popular albums himself with the Alan Parsons Project. Kurlander also assisted on many of the sessions, and went on to become a successful engineer and producer, most noteworthy for his success on the scores for the "Lord of the Rings" film trilogy. The cover was designed by Apple Records creative director Kosh. It is the only original UK Beatles album sleeve to show neither the artist name nor the album title on its front cover, which was Kosh's idea, despite EMI claiming the record would not sell without this information. He later explained that

neg: Dalek the all-time greatest monster, beating competition including Japanese movie monster Godzilla and J. R. R. Tolkien's Gollum, of "The Lord of the Rings". As early as one year after first appearing on "Doctor Who", the Daleks had become popular enough to be recognized even by non-viewers. In December 1964 editorial cartoonist Leslie Gilbert Illingworth published a cartoon in the "Daily Mail" captioned "THE DEGAULLEK", caricaturing French President Charles de Gaulle arriving at a NATO meeting as a Dalek with de Gaulle's prominent nose. The word "Dalek" has entered major dictionaries, including the "Oxford English Dictionary", which defines "Dalek" as "a

neg: Translations of The Lord of the Rings Ring", Finnish "Taru Sormusten Herrasta" "Legend of the Lord of the Rings", the first Norwegian translation "Krigen om ringen" "The War of the Ring", and West Frisian, "Master fan Alle Ringen" "Master of All Rings". Tolkien in both the Dutch and the Swedish case objected strongly while the translations were in progress, in particular regarding the adaptation of proper names. Despite lengthy correspondence, Tolkien did not succeed in convincing the Dutch translator of his objections, and was similarly frustrated in the Swedish case. Regarding the Dutch version, he wrote However, if one reads the Dutch version, little has changed except

neg: Rings of Power Dwarves did not respond to the One's control as Sauron expected. But the Men who wore the Nine were enslaved by Sauron, and became the Nazgûl ("ringwraiths"). Tolkien's "The Lord of the Rings" is largely concerned with the attempt of Sauron to recover the One and the efforts of the West to forestall him by destroying it. The One is destroyed near the end of the War of the Ring when it falls into the Cracks of Doom in Orodruin, along with Gollum, who had bitten off Frodo’s finger on which he was wearing the Ring. Tolkien is not entirely

neg: Brigid Boden 1999, and Boden did not release any new material until 2007, when a second album was released by Universal Records. Brigid has recorded music for several sound tracks, including Dead Man Walking and Lord of the Rings/War of the Rings, and has recently begun recording her third album. Brigid Boden Brigid Boden is a singer from Dublin, Ireland. As a child, Boden studied dance there and later in New York City, culminating in a scholarship to the Dance Theatre of Harlem. She then moved back to London to focus on songwriting. After sending demo recordings to producer and musician Kevin

neg: The Lord of the Rings: The Fellowship of the Ring The Lord of the Rings: The Fellowship of the Ring The Lord of the Rings: The Fellowship of the Ring is a 2001 epic fantasy adventure film directed by Peter Jackson based on the first volume of J. R. R. Tolkien's "The Lord of the Rings" (1954–1955). It is the first instalment in "The Lord of the Rings series", and was followed by "" (2002) and "" (2003), based on the second and third volumes of "The Lord of the Rings". Set in Middle-earth, the story tells of the Dark Lord Sauron (Sala Baker), who is seeking the One Ring.

neg: The Lord of the Rings (film series) games were released to supplement the film series. They include: "," Pinball, "", "", , "", "", "", "", "The Lord of the Rings Online", "", "", "", "Lego The Lord of the Rings", "Guardians of Middle-earth", "Lego The Hobbit (video game)", "", and "". The Lord of the Rings (film series) The Lord of the Rings is a film series consisting of three epic fantasy adventure films directed by Peter Jackson. They are based on the novel "The Lord of the Rings" by J. R. R. Tolkien. The films are subtitled "" (2001), "" (2002) and "" (2003). They

neg: Culture of Armenia of Armenian descent and is now known and popular both among Armenians and non-Armenians. She graduated from the University of Toronto with a degree in biomedical engineering, but has become very successful in North America as an opera singer and an active concertizer. She is featured on the Grammy-award-winning soundtrack of the infamous film, the Lord of the Rings: The Two Towers. Bayrakdarian is also the winner of four Juno Awards for Best Classical Album (Vocal). Further, she is a featured vocalist of Atom Egoyan’s movie, Ararat, in collaboration with the band “Delerium”, which brought in another Grammy nomination. Şahan

neg: Twilight (novel series) the series, comparing it to "The Lord of the Rings" and "Harry Potter": The "Seattle Post-Intelligencer" called the book a "hot new teen novel", "Entertainment Weekly" called Meyer "the world's most popular vampire novelist since Anne Rice", "The New York Times" described "Twilight" as a "literary phenomenon", and Matt Arado of "Daily Herald" noted that the "Twilight" books have become the "hottest publishing phenomenon since a certain bespectacled wizard cast his spell on the world." The large and diverse online fan community of the series are often noted, sometimes even being called "cult-like". Despite this, the series is often considered

neg: The Hobbit Thief, Thief, Baggins! We hates it, we hates it, we hates it forever!" This presages Gollum's portrayal in "The Lord of the Rings". Tolkien sent this revised version of the chapter "Riddles in the Dark" to Unwin as an example of the kinds of changes needed to bring the book into conformity with "The Lord of the Rings", but he heard nothing back for years. When he was sent galley proofs of a new edition, Tolkien was surprised to find the sample text had been incorporated. In "The Lord of the Rings", the original version of the riddle game is

neg: Barrow-wight Lord of the Rings" Appendix A that Frodo was trapped in the cairn of the last prince of Cardolan; Merry's exclamation on waking from his trance suggests this. Frodo cut off the wight's hand; then, when the wight extinguished the dim light in the cavern where the company was imprisoned, Frodo called for Tom Bombadil, who expelled the wight from the barrow. Due to his inspiration from "Hrómundar saga Gripssonar", during the writing of "The Lord of the Rings" (see "The History of The Lord of the Rings") Tolkien at first foresaw a link between the wights and the Ringwraiths,

neg: Tolkien's legendarium instead asked Tolkien to write a sequel to "The Hobbit". Tolkien began to revise "The Silmarillion", but soon turned to the sequel, which became "The Lord of the Rings". Writing "The Lord of the Rings" during the 1940s, Tolkien was attempting to address the dilemma of creating a narrative consistent with a "sequel" of the published "The Hobbit" and a desire to present a more comprehensive view of its background. He renewed work on "The Silmarillion" after completing "The Lord of the Rings", and he greatly desired to publish the two works together. When it became clear that would not

neg: Old Forest proposed that the Old Forest contains a more fundamental symbolism. Frodo, the central protagonist of "The Lord of the Rings", describes the forest as "the shadowed land"; Shippey draws on the context to suggest the forest could be an allusion to Death. The Old Forest does not appear in the film adaptations of "The Lord of the Rings", neither the animated nor the live action version, but it is mentioned by Merry in a conversation with Pippin while they were held hostage by the Uruk-hai in "". In the BBC's 1981 radio series "The Lord of the Rings", when the

neg: The Silmarillion Hobbit". Tolkien began to revise "The Silmarillion", but soon turned to the sequel, which became "The Lord of the Rings". He renewed work on "The Silmarillion" after completing "The Lord of the Rings", and he greatly desired to publish the two works together. But when it became clear that would not be possible, Tolkien turned his full attention to preparing "The Lord of the Rings" for publication. In the late 1950s Tolkien returned to "The Silmarillion", but much of his writing from this time was concerned more with the theological and philosophical underpinnings of the work than with the narratives

neg: The Lord of the Rings Strategy Battle Game with one or more free miniatures (some of which were initially exclusive to the publication) and contained detailed hobby guides. As such, there are a wide variety of miniatures in the ever-growing range, including promotional miniatures, such as "Gimli on Dead Uruk-hai". Games Workshop began to discontinue some of their metal miniatures, so that they could replace them with plastic miniatures. However, there was much complaint when they retired the popular "Boromir Captain of the White Tower" miniature, and it was later brought back into production. There are a large number of differences from Warhammer in "The Lord of the

neg: Elladan and Elrohir with Celeborn for a time after their father's departure, Tolkien noted that they were allowed to delay their choices. Elladan and Elrohir make an appearance in Peter Jackson's "The Lord of the Rings" film trilogy, at the very end when Aragorn is crowned and also sitting behind Elrond at the council in Rivendell. They also appear in the related "The Lord of the Rings" Trading Card. They feature as miniatures in "The Lord of the Rings" Strategy Battle Game, in which their character profiles maintain that they are twins. Moreover, they appear in the PC-game "", standing in the Trollshaws,

neg: Seabird "About my neck was hung" Sailors did, however, consider it unlucky to touch a storm petrel, especially one that has landed on the ship. Gulls are one of the most commonly seen seabirds, given their use of human-made habitats (such as cities and dumps) and their often fearless nature. They therefore also have made it into the popular consciousness – they have been used metaphorically, as in "Jonathan Livingston Seagull" by Richard Bach, or to denote a closeness to the sea, such as their use in "The Lord of the Rings" both in the insignia of Gondor and therefore Númenor

neg: The House of the Wolfings "The House of the Wolfings" was one of the influences on J. R. R. Tolkien's popular "The Lord of the Rings". In a December 31, 1960 letter published in "The Letters of J. R. R. Tolkien", (p. 303), Tolkien wrote: 'The Dead Marshes and the approaches to the Morannon owe something to Northern France after the Battle of the Somme. They owe more to William Morris and his Huns and Romans, as in "The House of the Wolfings" or "The Roots of the Mountains"." Among the numerous parallels with "The Lord of the Rings", Morris has Old English-style placenames such

neg: Tolkien fandom of the public directory and eventually moved to Bournemouth on the south coast of England. This embracing of the work by American 1960s counter-culture made it an easy target for mockery, and resulted in "The Lord of the Rings" acquiring a reputation of a dubious work of popular culture rather than "real literature", postponing the emergence of academic Tolkien studies by some twenty years, to the late 1980s. "The Lord of the Rings" also from the mid-1960s acquired immense popularity in the emerging hacker culture, and the technological subcultures of scientists, engineers, and computer programmers, and flourishes there still. (Spangenberg

neg: The Lord of the Rings (film series) critical about the fact that film studies were undertaken by literary researchers and about the frequent denigration of Jackson's work in the collected essays. The release of the films saw a surge of interest in "The Lord of the Rings" and Tolkien's other works, vastly increasing his impact on popular culture. The success of the films spawned numerous video games and many other kinds of merchandise. It was rumored that the Tolkien family became split on the series, with Christopher Tolkien and his son Simon Tolkien feuding over whether or not it was a good idea to adapt. Christopher has

neg: Science and invention in Birmingham several ancient Germanic languages, Gothic, Old Norse and Old English. Tolkien's parents are from Birmingham and he himself grows up, and studies in and around Birmingham (Tolkien also meets his wife in the town and considers himself a 'West Midlander'). The enduring popularity of "The Lord of the Rings" later leads to numerous references in popular culture, the founding of many societies by fans of Tolkien's works, and the publication of many books about Tolkien and his works. "The Lord of the Rings" continues to inspire artwork, music, films and television, video games and subsequent literature, including reference in the

neg: Tolkien fandom usually refers to students of the Elvish languages and "Tolkienology". The term Ringer refers to a fan of "The Lord of the Rings" in general, and of Peter Jackson's live-action film trilogy in particular. Other terms describing Tolkien fans include Tolkienite or Tolkiendil. Tolkien's "The Hobbit", a children's book, was first published in 1937, and it proved popular. However, "The Lord of the Rings", first published in 1954 through 1955, would give rise to the fandom as a cultural phenomenon from the early to mid-1960s. Serious admirers and fans of Tolkien came into existence within science fiction fandom soon after

neg: The Lord of the Rings the Bling" are testimony to the work's continual presence in popular culture. In 1969, Tolkien sold the merchandising rights to "The Lord of The Rings" (and "The Hobbit") to United Artists under an agreement stipulating a lump sum payment of £10,000 plus a 7.5% royalty after costs, payable to Allen & Unwin and the author. In 1976, three years after the author's death, United Artists sold the rights to Saul Zaentz Company, who now trade as Tolkien Enterprises. Since then all "authorized" merchandise has been signed-off by Tolkien Enterprises, although the intellectual property rights of the specific likenesses of characters

neg: The Lord of the Rings Strategy Battle Game players, "Lord of the Rings" players commonly collect and paint one army (or more) of their choice and find opponents (with similarly collected armies) to play against. Armies can be built up from through the purchase of boxed sets (usually having 10 or 12 plastic miniatures in each) or "blister packs" (usually containing no more than four finely detailed metal or resin miniatures) to build up a reasonable-sized fighting force. Others simply collect the miniatures because they like the way they look. One popular way of collecting was through "Battle Games in Middle-earth" — a De Agostini magazine that came

neg: The Lord of the Rings (1978 film) a guide. Mike Ploog (co-creator of Werewolf by Night) was one of numerous staff taking a role in animation on this film. Ploog also was involved in other Ralph Bakshi animations, notably "Wizards" and "Hey Good Lookin"'. The film score was composed by Leonard Rosenman. Bakshi wanted to include music by Led Zeppelin but producer Saul Zaentz insisted upon an orchestral score because he would not be able to release the band's music on his Fantasy Records label. Bakshi later stated that he hated Rosenman's score, which he found to be too cliché. In "Lord of the Rings: Popular Culture

neg: The Lord of the Rings: The Return of the King The Lord of the Rings: The Return of the King The Lord of the Rings: The Return of the King is a 2003 epic fantasy adventure film co-produced, co-written, and directed by Peter Jackson based on the second and third volumes of J. R. R. Tolkien's "The Lord of the Rings". It is the third and final instalment in "The Lord of the Rings" trilogy, following "" (2001) and "" (2002), preceding "The Hobbit" film trilogy (2012–14). Released on 17 December 2003, "The Lord of the Rings: The Return of the King" became one of the most critically and commercially

neg: The Lord of the Rings reader surveys. In the 2003 "Big Read" survey conducted in Britain by the BBC, "The Lord of the Rings" was found to be the "Nation's best-loved book". In similar 2004 polls both Germany and Australia also found "The Lord of the Rings" to be their favourite book. In a 1999 poll of Amazon.com customers, "The Lord of the Rings" was judged to be their favourite "book of the millennium". "The Lord of the Rings" was awarded the Prometheus Hall of Fame Award in 2009. Although "The Lord of the Rings" was published in the 1950s, Tolkien insisted that the One

neg: Lord of the Rings (Heritage Models) feel available." Lord of the Rings (Heritage Models) Lord of the Rings is a set of miniatures published by Heritage Models. Heritage Models produced "Lord of the Rings" figures licensed by Tolkien Enterprises, including 25mm diorama sets, and 75mm Collector Personalities, Paint 'n' Play sets such as "Mines of Moria" and "Helm's Deep", a rule set for fantasy miniature gaming titled "Wizards and Heroes", and a separate "Lord of the Rings Painting Guide". William A. Barton reviewed Heritage's "Lord of the Rings" figures in "The Space Gamer" No. 34. Barton commented that "the models for the figures are those representations

neg: Lord of the Rings (Heritage Models) Lord of the Rings (Heritage Models) Lord of the Rings is a set of miniatures published by Heritage Models. Heritage Models produced "Lord of the Rings" figures licensed by Tolkien Enterprises, including 25mm diorama sets, and 75mm Collector Personalities, Paint 'n' Play sets such as "Mines of Moria" and "Helm's Deep", a rule set for fantasy miniature gaming titled "Wizards and Heroes", and a separate "Lord of the Rings Painting Guide". William A. Barton reviewed Heritage's "Lord of the Rings" figures in "The Space Gamer" No. 34. Barton commented that "the models for the figures are those representations featured in

neg: The Lord of the Rings: A Reader's Companion It is available in both hardcover and paperback. The "Reader's Companion" was designed to accompany the revised one-volume 50th anniversary edition of "The Lord of the Rings" (Houghton Mifflin, 2004; ). "The Lord of the Rings: A Reader's Companion" won the 2006 Mythopoeic Scholarship Award for Inklings Studies. The Lord of the Rings: A Reader's Companion The Lord of the Rings: A Reader's Companion (2005) is a nonfiction book written by scholars Wayne G. Hammond and Christina Scull. It is an annotated reference to J. R. R. Tolkien's "The Lord of the Rings". Hammond and Scull proceed chapter-by-chapter from the

neg: Lord of the Rings Adventure Game Lord of the Rings Roleplaying Game" (2002) and "The One Ring Roleplaying Game" (2011), were published respectively by Decipher Inc. and Cubicle 7. Except for the original source material, the Decipher and Cubicle 7 games share no link to ICE's "Lord of the Rings Adventure Game" and use entirely different rules systems. Lord of the Rings Adventure Game Lord of the Rings Adventure Game is a role-playing game based on the writings of J.R.R. Tolkien (specifically "The Lord of the Rings" and "The Hobbit") under license from Tolkien Enterprises. Iron Crown Enterprises (I.C.E.) published the game until they lost the

neg: Eregion Celebrimbor, grandson of Fëanor. Under his rule the Elves of Eregion became friends with Annatar, Lord of Gifts, and created the Rings of Power. When Annatar was revealed as the Dark Lord Sauron, the Elves of Eregion tried to keep the Rings from falling in Sauron's hands. Outraged, Sauron invaded Eregion in SA 1695 with a large force, and two years later it was utterly destroyed and many of its people, including Celebrimbor, killed. Sauron took most of the rings for himself, but the Elves managed to rescue Vilya, Narya, and Nenya, (the Three Rings of the Elves). After Eregion's

neg: Roy Campbell (poet) aloud, while Campbell laughed off the provocation. Tolkien, who was then hard at work writing "The Lord of the Rings", was charmed by Campbell. In a letter to his son Christopher, Tolkien compared Campbell to Trotter, a torture-crippled hobbit character who appeared in an early draft of "The Lord of the Rings", to become the character of Aragorn in the final versions. Tolkien further commented, Here is a scion of an Ulster prot. family resident in S. Africa, most of whom fought in both wars, who became a Catholic after sheltering the Carmelite fathers in Barcelona — in vain, they

neg: The History of The Lord of the Rings Númenor), a draft of the Drowning of Anadûnê, and the only extant account of Tolkien's fictional language Adûnaic. Some paperback editions of the fourth volume, retitled "The End of the Third Age", include only the materials for "The Lord of the Rings". The original idea was to release "The History of The Lord of the Rings" in three volumes, not four. When "The Treason of Isengard" was first published in paperback Volume 8 was to be called "Sauron Defeated" and was to be the last volume. The titles of the volumes derive from discarded titles for the separate books of

neg: The Lord of the Rings Strategy Battle Game company's products: many Tolkien purists, for example, reacted against the company's rendition of the Swan Knights of Dol Amroth, with some choosing to convert their own, impacting the hobby and the sales of the products. When Games Workshop subsequently showed the planned release of the Men-at-Arms of Dol Amroth, it was suggested that they had taken the response of the community into account. The Lord of the Rings Strategy Battle Game The Lord of the Rings Strategy Battle Game (abbreviated to "LotR SBG"), previously marketed as The Hobbit: An Unexpected Journey Strategy Battle Game and The Hobbit: The Desolation of

neg: Music Inspired by Lord of the Rings (Bo Hansson album) to give the album the augmented title of "Music Inspired by Lord of the Rings", at the insistence of Tolkien and his publishers Allen & Unwin. Tolkien's publishers also had a hand in determining the musical content of the album, as Hansson told music journalist Tony Tyler in the November 18, 1972 edition of the "NME": "I originally intended to use voices – perhaps a girl soprano – on the tracks but when we contacted George Allen and Unwin they put a firm 'no' to the idea. So we had to use the term 'inspired' by Lord of the Rings'

neg: The Lord of the Rings (film series) film series of all time. The films were critically acclaimed and heavily awarded, winning 17 out of 30 total Academy Award nominations. The final film in the series, "The Return of the King", won all 11 of its Academy Award nominations including Best Picture, which also tied it with "Ben-Hur" and "Titanic" for most Academy Awards received for a film. The series received wide praise for its innovative special and visual effects. Director Peter Jackson first came into contact with "The Lord of the Rings" when he saw Ralph Bakshi's 1978 animated film "The Lord of the Rings". Jackson "enjoyed

neg: The Hobbit (film series) premiered at the Odeon Leicester Square in London on 1 December 2014. The series was one of the highest-grossing film series of all time, and earned more money than "The Lord of the Rings" trilogy. Although critically considered to be inferior to "The Lord of the Rings," it was nominated for various awards and won several, though not as many as its predecessor series. Jackson and Walsh originally expressed interest in filming "The Hobbit" in 1995, then envisaging it as part one of a trilogy (part two would have been based on "The Lord of the Rings"). Frustration arose when

neg: Music of The Lord of the Rings film series a theatrical work. Furthermore, in creating The Hobbit scores Shore would not only add another 62 themes or more, but actually went on to reuse some isolated musical gestures from the Lord of the Rings scores, turning them into leitmotives after-the-fact, adding up to over 100 leitmotives used in the Lord of the Rings trilogy alone, and 160 when combined with motivs of The Hobbit. There are also leitmotives which Shore only used in alternate forms of pieces from the soundtracks, and even several variations and diegetic pieces that can be added to this count, as well. By comparison, John

neg: The Lord of the Rings Scrolls" series of games as well as video games set in Middle-earth itself. Research also suggests that some consumers of fantasy games derive their motivation from trying to create an epic fantasy narrative which is influenced by "The Lord of the Rings". In 1965, songwriter Donald Swann, who was best known for his collaboration with Michael Flanders as Flanders & Swann, set six poems from "The Lord of the Rings" and one from "The Adventures of Tom Bombadil" ("Errantry") to music. When Swann met with Tolkien to play the songs for his approval, Tolkien suggested for "Namárië" (Galadriel's lament) a

neg: Music Inspired by Lord of the Rings (Bo Hansson album) – and we had to keep it purely instrumental." The original 1972 Charisma release of the album sported front and back cover illustrations by Jane Furst. The album was issued by Charisma Records in September 1972, accompanied by an extensive television advertising campaign. In the UK alone there were thousands of advance orders for the album and upon release, it quickly became popular with fans of progressive rock. The album's blend of strange, other-worldly music and Tolkienesque subject matter proved popular during the early 1970s, a time when interest in Tolkien's writings among college students was at an all-time high.

neg: The Lord of the Rings: The Third Age (Game Boy Advance) The Lord of the Rings: The Third Age (Game Boy Advance) The Lord of the Rings: The Third Age is a turn-based tactics game for the Game Boy Advance. It was released in 2004 by Electronic Arts and is the handheld version of a role-playing video game of the same name released for GameCube, PlayStation 2 and Xbox. When starting a campaign, the player is prompted to choose a commander from either good (Aragorn, Gandalf or Elrond) or evil (Saruman, the Witch-King of Angmar or the Mouth of Sauron). Selecting a commander from either side begins a campaign from the

neg: Namejs Ring or bronze. The classic Namejs ring consists of three main bands woven around each other, but in recent years, more intricate ones have many embellishments, such as smaller twists of silver woven in with the larger bands. The ring was first found in ancient Latgalian lands. The name “Namejs” derives from the Semigallian legend about the political and military leader Namejs in the late 13th century. Although this legend has become popular, in reality, these rings date from the late 12th-early 13th century. It has been discovered that Namejs wasn’t alive when the first rings were made in the 12th

neg: Orc (Middle-earth) time of his published work, however, the terms had become synonymous. "The Hobbit" generally uses the term goblin, while "The Lord of the Rings" prefers "orc". The opponents of the dwarves in "Dwarf and Goblin War" of "The Hobbit" are described as orcs in Appendix A of "The Lord of the Rings". No distinction is made by size; large orcs, including the Uruk-hai, are just as much goblins as are smaller ones. Tolkien's "The Father Christmas Letters" also features goblins; they share traits with those in his Middle-earth writings, including being the arch-enemies of elves. "Orc" is from Old English

neg: The Lord of the Rings (film series) since denied these claims, saying, "My own position is that "The Lord of the Rings" is peculiarly unsuitable to transformation into visual dramatic form. The suggestions that have been made that I 'disapprove' of the films, even to the extent of thinking ill of those with whom I may differ, are wholly without foundation." He added that he had never "expressed any such feeling". In 2012, however, he described the films as having "eviscerated" the book, and criticized the resulting "commercialisation" of his father's work. As a result of the series' success, Peter Jackson has become a major player in

neg: Warner Bros. Interactive Entertainment on April 20, 2010 the acquisition of Turbine, Inc. the developer of the famous MMOs "Asheron's Call", "Dungeons & Dragons Online" and "The Lord of the Rings Online". On June 4, 2010, Warner Bros. Home Entertainment Group and Turbine, inc. said that the massively multiplayer online title "The Lord of the Rings Online" was to become a free-to-play game that autumn. Warner Bros. Interactive Entertainment announced on June 10, 2010 that "Mortal Kombat", the most brutal installment of the landmark fighting game to date was due for release on the PlayStation 3 computer entertainment system and Xbox 360 video game

neg: The Lord of the Rings: The Two Towers (video game) they had begun preliminary work on an as yet untitled RPG game based on all three films, slated for release in 2004 (this game would ultimately become ""). On October 21, the same day the PlayStation 2 version was released in North America, EA announced the game would also be coming to Xbox, set for release around the same time as the GameCube port. As with the GameCube version, the Xbox version would be a direct port of the PlayStation 2 version. "The Lord of the Rings: The Two Towers" received "generally favorable reviews" across all systems; the Game Boy

neg: The Lord of the Rings: The White Council based on both, like "". Players were to be given the option to choose to play as either a Man, a Dwarf, an Elf or a Hobbit. The ultimate aim of the game was to become a hero allied with the White Council. The game was originally to be released late in 2007 on the PlayStation 3, Xbox 360 and PC. On February 2, 2007, however, it was announced that the game had been delayed indefinitely. This was said to be due to management problems. EA worked with Pandemic Studios to create "" instead. The Lord of the Rings: The

neg: Adaptations of The Lord of the Rings Adaptations of The Lord of the Rings "The Lord of the Rings", an epic high fantasy novel by the British author J. R. R. Tolkien, set in his fictional world of Middle-earth, has been adapted several times. Three film adaptations of "The Lord of the Rings" have been made. The first was "The Lord of the Rings" (1978), by animator Ralph Bakshi, the first part of what was originally intended to be a two-part adaptation of the story. The second, "The Return of the King" (1980), was a television special by Rankin-Bass. The third was director Peter Jackson's "The Lord

neg: The Lord of the Rings: War in the North sixteen Rings, giving seven to the dwarves and nine to men in an effort to corrupt them. The dwarves proved relatively immune to the powers of the Rings, acquiring only a greed for gold, and becoming unconcerned with events in the wider world. Men proved less resilient, and the nine kings given the Rings become the nine Ring-wraiths, or Nazgûl, led by the Witch-king of Angmar. In his ongoing efforts to conquer Middle-earth, Sauron regained the allegiance of many of Morgoth's servants from the First Age, and successfully corrupted Númenor. However, in doing so, he expended a great deal of

neg: Frodo Baggins "Beowulf", where it is rendered in Old English as Froda. Tolkien did mention he changed final a's to final o's in male Hobbit names. In the early drafts of "The Lord of the Rings" the principal character is called Bingo Baggins; the name Frodo is given to another hobbit. In the drafts of the final chapters of "The Lord of the Rings" published by Christopher Tolkien as "Sauron Defeated", Gandalf names Frodo "Bronwe athan Harthad" (Endurance Beyond Hope) after the destruction of the Ring. Tolkien states that Frodo’s name in the fictional language of Westron was "Maura Labingi". His name

neg: Faramir Gondor often bore names "remembered in the songs and histories of the First Age", without paying a special attention to meaning. Thus one Boromir appears in "The Silmarillion", and the appendices to "The Lord of the Rings" introduce Faramir, son of King Ondoher of Gondor, although in this case the name was supposedly in Quenya, as the Kings are stated to have borne High-elven names, and similarly did Ondoher's elder son, Artamir. Throughout "The Lord of the Rings", Faramir is given several titles and ranks, such as the Captain of Gondor and Captain of the White Tower. (Boromir is given

neg: Magician's Hat power to some of this music, as organ, guitar, and synthesizer alternately move out in front". However, Eder also criticized the album for being "diffuse and lacking some of the energy of "Lord of the Rings"." On the Dutch Progressive Rock website, Nigel Camilleri has noted that the album saw Hansson "exploring a broader musical territory than he did on "Lord Of The Rings"" but he also criticized many of the tracks for being "snippets of musical ideas which had not been expanded on". All tracks composed by Bo Hansson except where noted. Magician's Hat Magician's Hat is an instrumental

neg: Tolkien family 1964 to 1975. In 2001, he received some attention for his stance on New Line Cinema's "The Lord of the Rings" film trilogy, directed by Peter Jackson. It was reported that he had had a falling out with his son Simon over the appropriateness of a film adaptation. Responding to these reports, he said he felt "The Lord of the Rings" was "peculiarly unsuitable for transformation into visual dramatic form". However, this was just his opinion, he stressed; he said he did not disapprove of the movies, definitely not "to the point of thinking ill" of those with whom he