query: which noble gas was the first observed in india during a solar eclipse

pos: Helium radioactive decay can collect in natural gas reserves in larger than expected quantities, in some cases having been released by volcanic activity. The first evidence of helium was observed on August 18, 1868, as a bright yellow line with a wavelength of 587.49 nanometers in the spectrum of the chromosphere of the Sun. The line was detected by French astronomer Jules Janssen during a total solar eclipse in Guntur, India. This line was initially assumed to be sodium. On October 20 of the same year, English astronomer Norman Lockyer observed a yellow line in the solar spectrum, which he named

pos: Helium radioactive decay can collect in natural gas reserves in larger than expected quantities, in some cases having been released by volcanic activity. The first evidence of helium was observed on August 18, 1868, as a bright yellow line with a wavelength of 587.49 nanometers in the spectrum of the chromosphere of the Sun. The line was detected by French astronomer Jules Janssen during a total solar eclipse in Guntur, India. This line was initially assumed to be sodium. On October 20 of the same year, English astronomer Norman Lockyer observed a yellow line in the solar spectrum, which he named

pos: Vijaydurg Fort August 1868 as a bright yellow line during a total solar eclipse in Guntur, India. On 20 October of the same year, English astronomer Norman Lockyer observed a yellow line in the solar spectrum. He took the observation in West Hampstead, United Kingdom. Norman Lockyer set up an observation post at the Vijaydurg Fort for the Solar eclipse of January 22, 1898. In his report he does not mention that he ever had been to the Fort before. On that occasion a platform was built. Since 2009 World Helium Day is celebrated at the Fort. Friday, 18 August 2015, has

pos: Period 1 element (He) is a colorless, odorless, tasteless, non-toxic, inert monatomic chemical element that heads the noble gas series in the periodic table and whose atomic number is 2. Its boiling and melting points are the lowest among the elements and it exists only as a gas except in extreme conditions. Helium was discovered in 1868 by French astronomer Pierre Janssen, who first detected the substance as an unknown yellow spectral line signature in light from a solar eclipse. In 1903, large reserves of helium were found in the natural gas fields of the United States, which is by far the largest

pos: Helium solar eclipse in 1868 by Georges Rayet, Captain C. T. Haig, Norman R. Pogson, and Lieutenant John Herschel, and was subsequently confirmed by French astronomer Jules Janssen. Janssen is often jointly credited with detecting the element along with Norman Lockyer. Janssen recorded the helium spectral line during the solar eclipse of 1868 while Lockyer observed it from Britain. Lockyer was the first to propose that the line was due to a new element, which he named. The formal discovery of the element was made in 1895 by two Swedish chemists, Per Teodor Cleve and Nils Abraham Langlet, who found helium

pos: Vijaydurg Fort the Vijaydurg Fort and Ganpatipule. The cycle race between Chinmay (the lead character) and his friends to the fort lends the movie its title. Some of the locals claim that Sir Joseph Norman Lockyer, a British scientist was observing a solar eclipse from this fort on 18 August 1868. The y claim that during his observation that the Helium Gas was discovered on Sun in the form of a yellow flame. The published reports on the discovery of helium report, that helium was discovered by two scientists independently in 1868. French astronomer Jules Janssen observed helium emission lines on 18

neg: Solar eclipse of August 18, 1868 sent to observe the eclipse. French astronomer Pierre Janssen observed the eclipse from Guntur in Madras State, British India. It was the first total eclipse since Gustav Kirchhoff's 1859 theory that the Fraunhofer lines in the solar spectrum correspond to the emission line of the different chemical elements present in the Sun. Correspondingly, Janssen observed the eclipse with the aid of a spectroscope. He noticed a bright yellow line ("λ" = 587.49 nm) in the spectra of the solar prominences that could not be due to sodium as had previously been assumed, and was subsequently able to observe the same

neg: Solar eclipse of June 8, 1918 other eclipses that year. The first was a partial lunar eclipse, during which the shadow of the earth can be seen on the moon, and another solar eclipse that took place on December 3 over South America. The other solar eclipse, however, was an annular eclipse, which occurs when the moon has a smaller apparent diameter and therefore never fully obscures the sun. Solar eclipse of June 8, 1918 A total solar eclipse occurred on June 8, 1918. The eclipse was observed by a U.S. Naval Observatory team at Baker City in Oregon. The painting below shows totality when the

neg: Solar eclipse of June 24, 1778 United States, and ended across northern Africa. This was the first total solar eclipse recorded in the United States. The track passed from Lower California to New England. According to Thomas Jefferson, the eclipse was clouded out in Virginia. General George Rogers Clark and his men observed the eclipse as they passed over the Falls of the Ohio on their way to take Kaskaskia during the Illinois Campaign, regarding it as a good omen. This solar eclipse lasted four minutes over the middle Atlantic and New England States. Solar eclipse of June 24, 1778 A total solar eclipse occurred on

neg: Allais effect Allais effect The Allais effect is the alleged anomalous behavior of pendulums or gravimeters which is sometimes purportedly observed during a solar eclipse. The effect was first reported as an anomalous precession of the plane of oscillation of a Foucault pendulum during the solar eclipse of June 30, 1954 by Maurice Allais, a French polymath who went on to win the Nobel Prize in Economics. Allais reported another observation of the effect during the solar eclipse of October 2, 1959 using the paraconical pendulum he invented. This study earned him the 1959 Galabert Prize of the French Astronautical Society and

neg: Solar eclipse of May 29, 1919 be tested during a solar eclipse, when stars with apparent position near the sun become visible. Following an unsuccessful attempt to validate this prediction during the Solar eclipse of June 8, 1918, two expeditions were made to measure positions of stars during this eclipse. The first was led by Sir Frank Watson Dyson and Sir Arthur Eddington to the island of Principe (off the west coast of Africa), the second by Andrew Claude de la Cherois Crommelin and Charles Rundle Davidson to Sobral in Brazil. The stars that both expeditions observed were in the constellation Taurus. Solar eclipse of May

neg: Solar eclipse of August 11, 2018 China. During the sunset, the eclipse was observed in North and South Korea. Solar eclipse of August 11, 2018 The solar eclipse of August 11, 2018 was a partial solar eclipse that was visible in the north of North America, Greenland, Northern Europe and north-eastern Asia. The maximal phase of the partial eclipse was recorded in East Siberian Sea, near the Wrangel Island. The eclipse was observed in Canada, Greenland, Scotland, most of the Nordic countries (Iceland, Norway, Sweden, Finland), Estonia, Latvia, practically throughout Russia (except for places southwest of the line roughly passing through Pskov, Moscow and Penza, and

neg: Solar eclipse of July 22, 2009 sun. And the next solar eclipse of January 15, 2010 was also annular, with the Moon 8.1% smaller than the Sun. The Terrain Mapping Camera in the Chandrayaan-1 lunar mission was used to image the earth during the eclipse. It was also observed by the Japanese geostationary satellite MTSAT: This total eclipse the second in the series of three eclipses in a one-month period, with two minor penumbral lunar eclipses, first on July 7 and last on August 6. Pre-eclipse news: Photos: Solar eclipse of July 22, 2009 A total solar eclipse occurred on July 22, 2009. It was the

neg: Solar eclipse of July 28, 1851 science due to the various phenomena that can be observed when they occur. The corona is normally invisible due to the brightness of the solar disc, but becomes visible from earth during a total eclipse. Until the twentieth century, solar eclipses provided the only opportunity for scientists to observe and study the sun's corona. With the development of photography during the first half of the nineteenth century, it became theoretically possible to record a still image of the sun during a total eclipse. A variety of processes were used for early photographs, of which the most successful was the Daguerreotype.

neg: Solar eclipse of July 22, 2009 Solar eclipse of July 22, 2009 A total solar eclipse occurred on July 22, 2009. It was the longest total solar eclipse during the 21st century. It lasted a maximum of 6 minutes and 39 seconds off the coast of Southeast Asia, causing tourist interest in eastern China, Pakistan, Japan, India, Nepal and Bangladesh. A partial eclipse was seen within the broad path of the Moon's penumbra, including most of Southeast Asia (all of Pakistan, India and China) and north-eastern Oceania. The total eclipse was visible from a narrow corridor through northern India, eastern Nepal, northern Bangladesh, Bhutan, the northern

neg: Solar eclipse of March 9, 1997 Xinjiang and Northeastern China, Northern Mongolia and Russia. This solar eclipse is somewhat special in the sense that some unexplained gravity anomalies of about 7 formula_1 10 m/s during the solar eclipse were observed. Attempts (e.g., Van Flandern–Yang hypothesis) to explain these anomalies have not been able to reach a definite conclusion. Photos: Solar eclipse of March 9, 1997 A total solar eclipse occurred on March 9, 1997. A solar eclipse occurs when the Moon passes between Earth and the Sun, thereby totally or partly obscuring the image of the Sun for a viewer on Earth. A total solar eclipse

neg: Solar eclipse of June 16, 1806 the glow of the faint outer atmosphere of the Sun seen during a total eclipse; he proposes that the corona must belong to the Sun, not the Moon, because of its great size. Ferrer also states, that during the total eclipse of 1806, the irregularities of the moon's surface were plainly discernible. Capel Lofft observed from England. It is a part of solar Saros 124. Solar eclipse of June 16, 1806 A total solar eclipse occurred on June 16, 1806. A solar eclipse occurs when the Moon passes between Earth and the Sun, thereby totally or partly obscuring the image

neg: Solar eclipse sunset when the way from observer to the object is the longest (see the Parallax phenomenon). Observations of eclipses from spacecraft or artificial satellites orbiting above the Earth's atmosphere are not subject to weather conditions. The crew of Gemini 12 observed a total solar eclipse from space in 1966. The partial phase of the 1999 total eclipse was visible from Mir. During the Apollo–Soyuz Test Project conducted in July 1975, the Apollo spacecraft was positioned to create an artificial solar eclipse giving the Soyuz crew an opportunity to photograph the solar corona. The solar eclipse of March 20, 2015, was

neg: Solar eclipse observed during a total eclipse are called: The diagrams to the right show the alignment of the Sun, Moon, and Earth during a solar eclipse. The dark gray region between the Moon and Earth is the umbra, where the Sun is completely obscured by the Moon. The small area where the umbra touches Earth's surface is where a total eclipse can be seen. The larger light gray area is the penumbra, in which a partial eclipse can be seen. An observer in the antumbra, the area of shadow beyond the umbra, will see an annular eclipse. The Moon's orbit around

neg: Shadia Habbal as being a fellow of the Royal Astronomical Society. Prof. Habbal focus on the origin and evolution of the solar wind, solar magnetic fields and eclipse polarimetric observations. She led 10 solar eclipse expeditions, visiting places such as India (1995), Guadeloupe (1998), China (2008) and French Polynesia (2010). Habbal led a team of the Hawaii Institute for Astronomy that took part in the observation of solar corona during eclipse in association with NASA in 2006, 2008 and 2009, she also played a key role in establishing the NASA Parker Solar Probe which, if launched, will be the first spacecraft to

neg: Eclipse advance eastward at a rate of 1,700 km/h, until it no longer intersects the Earth's surface. During a solar eclipse, the Moon can sometimes perfectly cover the Sun because its apparent size is nearly the same as the Sun's when viewed from the Earth. A total solar eclipse is in fact an occultation while an annular solar eclipse is a transit. When observed at points in space other than from the Earth's surface, the Sun can be eclipsed by bodies other than the Moon. Two examples include when the crew of Apollo 12 observed the in 1969 and when the

neg: Allais effect de la Théorie de la Relativité", published in 2004. A book on Allais' scientific legacy has been edited in English in 2011, yet his aether hypothesis has not gained significant traction among mainstream scientists. Nevertheless, after Allais' death in 2010, experiments on the Allais effect continue. Allais effect The Allais effect is the alleged anomalous behavior of pendulums or gravimeters which is sometimes purportedly observed during a solar eclipse. The effect was first reported as an anomalous precession of the plane of oscillation of a Foucault pendulum during the solar eclipse of June 30, 1954 by Maurice Allais, a French

neg: Solar eclipse of May 3, 1715 minutes accuracy. Halley observed the eclipse from London where the city of London enjoyed 3 minutes 33 seconds of totality. He also drew a predictive map showing the path of totality across England. The original map was about 20 miles off the observed eclipse path, mainly due to his use of inaccurate lunar ephemeris. After the eclipse, he corrected the eclipse path, and added the path and description of the 1724 total solar eclipse. Drawing upon lunar tables made by the first Astronomer Royal John Flamsteed, William Whiston produced a more technical predictive eclipse map around the same time as

neg: Solar eclipse a long history of observations of gravity-related phenomena during solar eclipses, especially during the period of totality. In 1954, and again in 1959, Maurice Allais reported observations of strange and unexplained movement during solar eclipses. The reality of this phenomenon, named the Allais effect, has remained controversial. Similarly, in 1970, Saxl and Allen observed the sudden change in motion of a torsion pendulum; this phenomenon is called the Saxl effect. A recent published observation during the 1997 solar eclipse by Wang "et al." suggested a possible gravitational shielding effect, which generated debate. Later in 2002, Yang and Wang published detailed

neg: Solar eclipse of July 22, 2009 River in Varanasi, India to experience the eclipse as a religious or spiritual event. Some people expected that there would be a relationship, either positive or negative, between their health and the occurrence of the eclipse. Indian scientists observed the solar eclipse from an Indian Air Force plane. The Chinese government used the opportunity to provide scientific education and to dispel any superstition. A flight by China Eastern Airlines from Wuhan to Shanghai took a slight detour and followed the course of the eclipse to allow longer observation time for the scientists on board. Observers in Japan were excited by

neg: Eclipse chasing Liebenberg, professor of astronomy at Clemson University in South Carolina has seen 26 traveling to Turkey, Zambia, China, Pukapuka and others. In the 19th century, Mabel Loomis Todd, an American editor and writer, and her husband David Peck Todd, a professor of astronomy at Amherst College, traveled around the world to view solar eclipses. During the solar eclipse of June 30, 1973, Donald Liebenberg and a group of eclipse experts observed the eclipse on board the Concorde and experienced 74 minutes of totality. Eclipse chasing Eclipse chasing is the pursuit of observing solar eclipses when they occur around the Earth.

neg: Solar eclipse of August 21, 2017 expected to be 90 percent obscured. After the 2017 eclipse, grid operators in California reported having lost 3,000–3,500 megawatts of utility-scale solar power, which was made up for by hydropower and gas reliably and as expected, mimicking the usual duck curve. Energy demand management was also used to mitigate the solar drop. NV Energy prepared for the solar eclipse months in advance and collaborated with 17 western states. When the eclipse began covering California with partial darkness, which reduced its usual amount of solar-generated electricity, NV Energy sent power there. Likewise, when Nevada received less sunlight, other west coast states

neg: Solar eclipse of June 8, 1918 Solar eclipse of June 8, 1918 A total solar eclipse occurred on June 8, 1918. The eclipse was observed by a U.S. Naval Observatory team at Baker City in Oregon. The painting below shows totality when the Moon prevented the Sun's rays from hitting that part of Oregon. The track of the eclipse was a band across the entire contiguous United States, which would not happen again until 99 years later in 2017. The path of the eclipse started south of Japan, went across the Pacific Ocean, passing northern part of Kitadaitō, Okinawa and the whole Tori-shima in Izu Islands

neg: Solar eclipse of June 27, 1862 India. Parts of the northern portion by the Equator was largely blocked by clouds due to the monsoon season. Solar eclipse of June 27, 1862 A partial solar eclipse occurred on June 27, 1862 during winter. A solar eclipse occurs when the Moon passes between Earth and the Sun, thereby totally or partly obscuring the image of the Sun for a viewer on Earth. A partial solar eclipse occurs in the polar regions of the Earth when the center of the Moon's shadow misses the Earth. As is shown over 92% obscuration, the center of the Moon's shadow was missed

neg: Solar eclipse is much, much longer than the eight-minute upper limit for any solar eclipse's totality. In the Western hemisphere, there are few reliable records of eclipses before 800 AD, until the advent of Arab and monastic observations in the early medieval period. The first recorded observation of the corona was made in Constantinople in 968 AD. The first known telescopic observation of a total solar eclipse was made in France in 1706. Nine years later, English astronomer Edmund Halley accurately predicted and observed the solar eclipse of May 3, 1715. By the mid-19th century, scientific understanding of the Sun was improving

neg: Solar eclipse of February 7, 2008 significant partial eclipse was visible over New Zealand and a minor partial eclipse was seen from southeastern Australia. For most solar eclipses the path of centrality moves eastwards. In this case the path moved west round Antarctica and then north. The best land-based visibility outside of Antarctica was from New Zealand. Professional astronomer and eclipse-chaser Jay Pasachoff observed it from Nelson, New Zealand, 60% coverage, under perfect weather. <BR>Animated path Solar eclipse of February 7, 2008 An annular solar eclipse occurred on February 7, 2008. A solar eclipse occurs when the Moon passes between Earth and the Sun, thereby totally

neg: Solar eclipse of September 1, 2016 Solar eclipse of September 1, 2016 An annular solar eclipse occurred on September 1, 2016. A solar eclipse occurs when the Moon passes between Earth and the Sun, thereby totally or partly obscuring the image of the Sun for a viewer on Earth. An annular solar eclipse occurs when the Moon's apparent diameter is smaller than the Sun's, blocking most of the Sun's light and causing the Sun to look like an annulus (ring). An annular eclipse appears as a partial eclipse over a region of the Earth thousands of kilometres wide. In this case, annularity was observed in Gabon,

neg: Solar eclipse of January 15, 2010 of Maldives, started at 12:20:20 and ended at 12:30:06 Maldives local time (UTC+5). This was also the longest duration of any eclipse with an international airport in its track. At approximately 13:20 IST, the annular solar eclipse entered India at Thiruvananthapuram (Trivandrum), Kerala and exited India at Rameswaram, Tamil Nadu. The eclipse was viewable for 10.4 minutes in India. After Rameswaram, it entered Sri Lanka at Delft Island, exited at Jaffna in Sri Lanka, crossed the Bay of Bengal and re-entered India in Mizoram. Thiruvananthapuram, which was the entry point of the eclipse in India, was equipped with telescopes and

neg: Solar eclipse of July 8, 1842 Solar eclipse of July 8, 1842 A total solar eclipse occurred on July 8, 1842. A solar eclipse occurs when the Moon passes between Earth and the Sun, thereby totally or partly obscuring the image of the Sun for a viewer on Earth. A total solar eclipse occurs when the Moon's apparent diameter is larger than the Sun's, blocking all direct sunlight, turning day into darkness. Totality occurs in a narrow path across Earth's surface, with the partial solar eclipse visible over a surrounding region thousands of kilometres wide. Francis Baily observed the total solar eclipse from Italy, focusing his

neg: Solar eclipse of October 2, 1959 reported that the brightening of the sky after the eclipse was a startling and impressive sight. A few photographers captured the eclipse from airplanes above the clouds, and a multiple exposure was made atop the R. C. A. building in New York City. The next total eclipse over Boston, the solar eclipse of May 1, 2079, will also be a sunrise event. The event was also observed at the Canarian Island of Fuerteventura by a team of Dutch astronomers of the university of Utrecht and Amsterdam. Solar eclipse of October 2, 1959 A total solar eclipse occurred on October 2,

neg: Solar eclipse of July 11, 2010 eclipse was observed in continental Chile, a magnitude 6.2 earthquake struck in the Antofagasta Region. There were no major injuries or damage in the nearby cities of Calama, Chile and San Pedro de Atacama. Solar eclipse of July 11, 2010 The total solar eclipse of July 11, 2010, occurred over the southern Pacific Ocean. A solar eclipse occurs when the Moon passes between Earth and the Sun, thereby totally or partly obscuring the image of the Sun for a viewer on Earth. A total solar eclipse occurs when the Moon's apparent diameter is larger than the Sun's, blocking all direct

neg: Solar eclipse of January 3, 1908 in Marshall Islands), British Western Pacific Territories (the part now belonging to Kiribati), Line Islands (now in Kiribati), Phoenix Islands (now in Kiribati), and Costa Rica. The eclipse was observed by astronomer William Wallace Campbell of Lick Observatory, viewed from Flint Island, Kiribati: Solar eclipse of January 3, 1908 A total solar eclipse occurred on January 3, 1908. A solar eclipse occurs when the Moon passes between Earth and the Sun, thereby totally or partly obscuring the image of the Sun for a viewer on Earth. A total solar eclipse occurs when the Moon's apparent diameter is larger than the

neg: Solar eclipse of April 16, 1893 Solar eclipse of April 16, 1893 A total solar eclipse occurred on April 16, 1893. A solar eclipse occurs when the Moon passes between Earth and the Sun, thereby totally or partly obscuring the image of the Sun for a viewer on Earth. A total solar eclipse occurs when the Moon's apparent diameter is larger than the Sun's, blocking all direct sunlight, turning day into darkness. Totality occurs in a narrow path across Earth's surface, with the partial solar eclipse visible over a surrounding region thousands of kilometres wide. Schaeberle observed the eclipse and made drawings of the Corona: According

neg: On Sizes and Distances that Hipparchus achieved, Toomer was able to explain the method of the first book, which employed a solar eclipse. Pappus states that this eclipse was total in the region of the Hellespont, but was observed to be 4/5 of total in Alexandria. If Hipparchus assumed that the sun was infinitely distant (i.e. that "the earth has the ratio of a point and center to the sun"), then the difference in magnitude of the solar eclipse must be due entirely to the parallax of the moon. By using observational data, he would be able to determine this parallax, and hence the

neg: Solar eclipses in fiction first film to feature a solar eclipse was the 1907 silent film "The Eclipse, or the Courtship of the Sun and Moon", which featured a solar eclipse as a fantastical consummation between the sun and the moon. Eclipses have been seen as bad omens throughout history and filmmakers leverage that belief "as visual cues or key plot points", according to "The Oregonian"s Amy Wang. The most accurate depiction of a solar eclipse in film is seen in the 1961 religious epic film "Barabbas", which included film of an actual solar eclipse during a crucifixion scene. While director Peter Weir was

neg: Solar eclipse of August 11, 2018 Solar eclipse of August 11, 2018 The solar eclipse of August 11, 2018 was a partial solar eclipse that was visible in the north of North America, Greenland, Northern Europe and north-eastern Asia. The maximal phase of the partial eclipse was recorded in East Siberian Sea, near the Wrangel Island. The eclipse was observed in Canada, Greenland, Scotland, most of the Nordic countries (Iceland, Norway, Sweden, Finland), Estonia, Latvia, practically throughout Russia (except for places southwest of the line roughly passing through Pskov, Moscow and Penza, and the most eastern places of the Far East), in Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan, Mongolia and

neg: Solar eclipse of May 6, 1883 no major landfall. Partiality was visible from far eastern Australia at sunrise, and New Zealand, as well as western South America and southern Mexico near sunset. This eclipse is a member of Solar Saros 136, and its maximum duration was 5 minutes and 58 seconds. An expedition of American astronomers traveled from Peru to Caroline Island aboard the to observe the total solar eclipse. A French expedition also observed the eclipse from Caroline, and the United States Navy mapped the atoll. Johann Palisa, a member of the expedition, discovered an asteroid later that year which he named Carolina "in remembrance

neg: Solar eclipse of August 29, 1867 J. Vergara and Luis Grosch observed the eclipse from a small hill close to Santiago. It is a part of solar Saros 123. Solar eclipse of August 29, 1867 A total solar eclipse occurred on August 29, 1867. A solar eclipse occurs when the Moon passes between Earth and the Sun, thereby totally or partly obscuring the image of the Sun for a viewer on Earth. A total solar eclipse occurs when the Moon's apparent diameter is larger than the Sun's, blocking all direct sunlight, turning day into darkness. Totality occurs in a narrow path across Earth's surface, with the

neg: Solar eclipse of November 19, 1816 sky except by few observers at Pomerania only. Capel Lofft observed this eclipse from Ipswich. It is a part of solar Saros 120. Solar eclipse of November 19, 1816 A total solar eclipse occurred on November 19, 1816. A solar eclipse occurs when the Moon passes between Earth and the Sun, thereby totally or partly obscuring the image of the Sun for a viewer on Earth. A total solar eclipse occurs when the Moon's apparent diameter is larger than the Sun's, blocking all direct sunlight, turning day into darkness. Totality occurs in a narrow path across Earth's surface, with the

neg: Solar eclipse through observations of the Sun's corona during solar eclipses. The corona was identified as part of the Sun's atmosphere in 1842, and the first photograph (or daguerreotype) of a total eclipse was taken of the solar eclipse of July 28, 1851. Spectroscope observations were made of the solar eclipse of August 18, 1868, which helped to determine the chemical composition of the Sun. John Fiske summed up myths about the solar eclipse like this in his 1872 book "Myth and Myth-Makers", Looking directly at the photosphere of the Sun (the bright disk of the Sun itself), even for just a

neg: Solar eclipse of March 7, 1598 the United Kingdom with a diagonal track from Cornwall in the south-west to Aberdeen in the north-east of Scotland. It was observed from Germany by Tycho Brahe. It is a part of solar Saros 133. This is the 22nd member of Solar Saros 133. The previous event was on February 15, 1580 (21st member). The next event will be on March 17, 1616 (23rd member). Solar eclipse of March 7, 1598 A total solar eclipse occurred on March 7, 1598 (25 February 1598 by the Julian calendar). A solar eclipse occurs when the Moon passes between Earth and the Sun,

neg: Comet White–Ortiz–Bolelli as seen from Earth; the only previous Kreutz Sungrazer seen during these months was the Eclipse Comet of 1882, which was only observed once, during a total solar eclipse. Before White–Ortiz–Bolelli, studies had divided the Kreutz Sungrazers into two sub-groups, originating from fragmentations at different orbits, but White-Ortiz-Bolelli seemed to be a member of neither. Studies showed that it probably broke away from the comet that spawned Subgroup II, before the main fragmentation, and it was classed as the first (and so far only) member of Subgroup IIa. Having an observation arc of only 14 days with a likely assumed

neg: Eclipse Cassini probe observed in 2006. Lunar eclipses occur when the Moon passes through the Earth's shadow. This happens only during a full moon, when the Moon is on the far side of the Earth from the Sun. Unlike a solar eclipse, an eclipse of the Moon can be observed from nearly an entire hemisphere. For this reason it is much more common to observe a lunar eclipse from a given location. A lunar eclipse lasts longer, taking several hours to complete, with totality itself usually averaging anywhere from about 30 minutes to over an hour. There are three types of

neg: Solar eclipse of October 29, 1837 Solar eclipse of October 29, 1837 A partial solar eclipse occurred on October 29, 1837 during spring. A solar eclipse occurs when the Moon passes between Earth and the Sun, thereby totally or partly obscuring the image of the Sun for a viewer on Earth. A partial solar eclipse occurs in the polar regions of the Earth when the center of the Moon's shadow misses the Earth. It was the last of three partial eclipses that took place that year, the first of two in two months, the last was on May 4 which covered a part of the Northern

neg: Solar eclipse Apollo 12 observed the in 1969 and when the Cassini probe observed in 2006. The Moon's orbit around the Earth is slightly elliptical, as is the Earth's orbit around the Sun. The apparent sizes of the Sun and Moon therefore vary. The magnitude of an eclipse is the ratio of the apparent size of the Moon to the apparent size of the Sun during an eclipse. An eclipse that occurs when the Moon is near its closest distance to Earth ("i.e.," near its perigee) can be a total eclipse because the Moon will appear to be large enough to completely

neg: Solar eclipse of October 24, 1995 tip of Bangladesh, Burma, Thailand, Cambodia, Vietnam, Spratly Islands, northeastern tip of Sabah of Malaysia, Philippines and Indonesia. An aerial observation of this eclipse was done over India, when a MiG-25 reconnaissance aircraft of the Indian Air Force was used to take images of this eclipse at an altitude of 25 km. Phil Whitaker's prize-winning debut novel "Eclipse of the Sun" published in 1997 and set in India has at its centre a dramatic attempt to organize a public viewing of the eclipse. Photos: Solar eclipse of October 24, 1995 A total solar eclipse occurred on October 24, 1995. A

neg: Solar eclipse of March 20, 2015 the Metsähovi Radio Observatory, Finland, where a partial eclipse was seen. The eclipse was also observed by meteorological satellite Meteosat-10. The European Union has a solar power output of about 90 gigawatts and production could have been temporarily decreased by up to 34 GW of that dependent on the clarity of the sky. In actuality the dip was less than expected, with a 13 GW drop in Germany happening due to overcast skies. This was the first time that an eclipse had a significant impact on the power system, and the electricity sector took measures to mitigate the impact. The

neg: Solar eclipse of June 30, 1973 is possible when viewing a total solar eclipse from a stationary location. That Concorde was specially modified with rooftop portholes for the mission, and is currently on display with the Solar Eclipse mission livery at Musée de l’air et de l’espace. The data gathered resulted in three papers published in "Nature" and a book. The eclipse was also observed by a charter flight from Mount San Antonio College in Southern California. The DC-8 with 150 passengers intercepted the eclipse at just off the east coast of Africa and tracked the eclipse for three minutes. The passengers rotated seats every 20

neg: Solar eclipse of August 7, 1869 observed the eclipse in Iowa at three stations: Burlington, Mount Pleasant, and Ottumwa, under the respective supervisions of Alfred M. Mayer, Henry Morton, and Charles Francis Himes (1838–1918). Observations were also made by meteorology pioneers Cleveland Abbe and General Albert Myer, in Dakota Territory and Virginia, respectively. It is a part of solar Saros 143. Solar eclipse of August 7, 1869 A total solar eclipse occurred on August 7, 1869. A solar eclipse occurs when the Moon passes between Earth and the Sun, thereby totally or partly obscuring the image of the Sun for a viewer on Earth. A total

neg: José Joaquín de Ferrer eclipse in 1806 observed from Kinderhook, New York he coined the word corona for the bright ring observable during a total eclipse. José Joaquín de Ferrer José Joaquín de Ferrer y Cafranga (Pasaia, October 26, 1763 – Bilbao, May 18, 1818) was a Spanish Basque astronomer. In 1779, aged 17, he was onboard the Gipuzcoana Company's "Nuestra Señora de la Asunción" off Cape St Vincent when the vessel was captured by the British. After surviving captivity with the help of his family, he undertook studies. The Spanish astronomer was part of the first solar eclipse expeditions. He journeyed to Cuba

neg: Solar eclipse of May 17, 1882 Asia. A party of observers gathered in Egypt to watch the eclipse were greatly surprised when they observed a bright streak near to the Sun once totality began. By a remarkable coincidence, the eclipse had coincided with the perihelion passage of a Kreutz comet. The comet would otherwise have gone unnoticed — its sighting during the eclipse was the only observation of it. Photographs of the eclipse revealed that the comet had moved noticeably during the 1m50s eclipse, as would be expected for a comet racing past the Sun at almost 500 km/s. The comet is sometimes referred to as

neg: Solar eclipse of July 11, 2010 and in Argentina's Patagonia region. Totality was observed for four minutes and 41 seconds (4:41) on Easter Island, where it was observed for the first time in 1,400 years. Approximately 4,000 observers visited Easter Island for this eclipse, including tourists, scientists, photographers, filmmakers and journalists, prompting an increase in security at its important moai archeological sites. The eclipse occurred at the same time that the final game of the 2010 FIFA World Cup was being played in South Africa, and many soccer fans in Tahiti watched the match instead of observing the partial eclipse with a high percentage of obscuring

neg: Kreutz sungrazer solar eclipse in May 1882 were greatly surprised when they observed a bright streak near to the Sun once totality began. By a remarkable coincidence, the eclipse had coincided with the perihelion passage of a Kreutz comet. The comet would otherwise have gone unnoticed — its sighting during the eclipse was the only observation of it. Photographs of the eclipse revealed that the comet had moved noticeably during the 1m50s eclipse, as would be expected for a comet racing past the Sun at almost 500 km/s. The comet is sometimes referred to as "Tewfik", after Tewfik Pasha, the Khedive of

neg: Solar eclipse of March 20, 2015 northern Norway and Murmansk Oblast. The shadow began its pass off the south coast of Greenland. It then moved to the northeast, passing between Iceland and the United Kingdom before moving over the Faroe Islands and the northernmost islands of Norway. The shadow of the eclipse was visible in varying degrees all over Europe. For example, London experienced an 85% partial solar eclipse while points north of the Faroe Islands in the Norwegian Sea saw a complete solar eclipse. Three chartered airliners flew above the clouds, giving passengers a slightly prolonged view. The eclipse was observed at radio frequencies at

neg: Solar eclipse of January 22, 1898 Solar eclipse of January 22, 1898 A total solar eclipse occurred on January 22, 1898. A solar eclipse occurs when the Moon passes between Earth and the Sun, thereby totally or partly obscuring the image of the Sun for a viewer on Earth. A total solar eclipse occurs when the Moon's apparent diameter is larger than the Sun's, blocking all direct sunlight, turning day into darkness. Totality occurs in a narrow path across Earth's surface, with the partial solar eclipse visible over a surrounding region thousands of kilometres wide. It was visible across central Africa, and into India and Asia.

neg: Solar eclipse of August 23, 2044 as well as extreme southwestern Saskatchewan in Canada, and will be widely visible in Montana and partially in North Dakota in the United States of America; partiality will be visible throughout the western United States near sunset. The greatest duration of the eclipse can be observed in the Northwest Territories, approximately southeast of Great Bear Lake. <BR>Animated path Solar eclipse of August 23, 2044 A total solar eclipse will occur on August 23, 2044. A solar eclipse occurs when the Moon passes between Earth and the Sun, thereby totally or partly obscuring the image of the Sun for a viewer

neg: Solar eclipse of August 21, 2017 over the duration of the eclipse. In orbit, the satellites Lunar Reconnaissance Orbiter, the International Space Station, the Solar Dynamics Observatory, the Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer, Solar and Heliospheric Observatory, and Hinode gathered data from the eclipse. A viewing party was held at the White House, during which President Donald Trump appeared on the Truman Balcony with First Lady Melania Trump. With the sun partially eclipsed, President Trump looked briefly in the general direction of the sun before using solar viewing glasses. The rapper Joey Badass boasted of watching the solar eclipse without viewing glasses, considering that "our ancestors ain't

neg: Solar eclipse of August 2, 2027 in southern Yemen. In Tunisia, it will the first of three total eclipses that are observable there in the 21st century, passing over the central part of the county. The maximum duration of totality will be observed in Egypt, approximately southeast of Luxor, and will last 6 minutes and 22 seconds. <BR>Animated path Solar eclipse of August 2, 2027 A total solar eclipse will occur over much of the central Eastern Hemisphere on August 2, 2027. It will commence over the eastern Atlantic Ocean and travel past the Strait of Gibraltar between Spain and Morocco. Totality will be visible in

neg: Solar eclipse of July 28, 1851 Solar eclipse of July 28, 1851 The earliest scientifically useful photograph of a total solar eclipse was made by Julius Berkowski at the Royal Observatory in Königsberg, Prussia, on July 28, 1851. It was the first correctly exposed photographic image taken during totality thereby including the sun's corona. A solar eclipse occurs when the moon passes between the Earth and the sun, casting a shadow on Earth that temporarily obscures part or all of the sun's disc. Eclipses can occur only when all three bodies are properly aligned. Partial eclipses, in which only a portion of the sun's surface is

neg: Solar eclipse of July 28, 1851 cycle occurred between 1797 and 1995. Solar eclipse of July 28, 1851 The earliest scientifically useful photograph of a total solar eclipse was made by Julius Berkowski at the Royal Observatory in Königsberg, Prussia, on July 28, 1851. It was the first correctly exposed photographic image taken during totality thereby including the sun's corona. A solar eclipse occurs when the moon passes between the Earth and the sun, casting a shadow on Earth that temporarily obscures part or all of the sun's disc. Eclipses can occur only when all three bodies are properly aligned. Partial eclipses, in which only a

neg: Solar eclipse of June 8, 1918 were reported across the country, where the eclipse was also observed from the Yerkes Observatory, Lick Observatory, and Mount Wilson Observatory. Following the 1915 prediction of Albert Einstein's General theory of relativity that light would be deflected when passing near a massive object such as the sun, the USNO expedition attempted to validate Einstein's prediction of light bending by the sun by measuring the position of stars near the sun. However, the cloud cover during totality obscured observations of stars, leaving this test of the validity of general relativity until the solar eclipse of May 29, 1919. There were two

neg: Solar eclipse of August 21, 1560 these I observed about midday at Coimbra in Lusitania (Portugal) in the year 1559 [sic], in which the Moon was placed between my sight and the Sun with the result that it covered the whole Sun for a considerable length of time. There was darkness in some manner greater than night; neither could one see where one stepped. Stars appeared in the sky and (marvellous to behold) the birds fell down from the sky to the ground in terror of such horrid darkness." It is a part of solar Saros 118. Solar eclipse of August 21, 1560 A total solar

neg: Solar eclipse of October 27, 1780 Solar eclipse of October 27, 1780 A total solar eclipse occurred on October 27, 1780. A solar eclipse occurs when the Moon passes between Earth and the Sun, thereby totally or partly obscuring the image of the Sun for a viewer on Earth. A total solar eclipse occurs when the Moon's apparent diameter is larger than the Sun's, blocking all direct sunlight, turning day into darkness. Totality occurs in a narrow path across Earth's surface, with the partial solar eclipse visible over a surrounding region thousands of kilometres wide. During the American Revolutionary War, the first American solar eclipse expedition

neg: Solar eclipse of January 31, 1870 Solar eclipse of January 31, 1870 A partial solar eclipse occurred on January 31, 1870 during summer. A solar eclipse occurs when the Moon passes between Earth and the Sun, thereby totally or partly obscuring the image of the Sun for a viewer on Earth. A partial solar eclipse occurs in the polar regions of the Earth when the center of the Moon's shadow misses the Earth. It was the first of four eclipses that took place that year, the first three were partial, the next occurred on June 28, 1870, a part of it occurred in the same area

neg: Helmet streamer Helmet streamer Helmet streamers are bright loop-like structures which develop over active regions on the sun. They are closed magnetic loops which connect regions of opposite magnetic polarity. Electrons are captured in these loops, and cause them to glow very brightly. The solar wind elongates these loops to pointy tips. They far extend above most prominences into the corona, and can be readily observed during a solar eclipse. Helmet streamers are usually confined to the "streamer belt" in the mid latitudes, and their distribution follows the movement of active regions during the solar cycle. Small blobs of plasma, or "plasmoids"

neg: Solar eclipse of May 3, 1715 Halley. Both Halley's and Whiston's maps were published by John Senex in March 1715. Totality was observed in England from Cornwall in the south-west to Lincolnshire and Norfolk in the east. It was also observed in Ireland, where large crowds turned out in Dublin to watch it: the weather in Dublin was exceptionally cold and wet, and the eminent judge Joseph Deane caught a fatal chill as a result. Note: Great Britain didn't adopt the Gregorian calendar until 1752, so the date was at the time considered 22 April 1715. It is a part of solar Saros 114. Solar eclipse

neg: Solar eclipse of February 11, 1888 Solar eclipse of February 11, 1888 A partial solar eclipse occurred on February 11, 1888 during summer. A solar eclipse occurs when the Moon passes between Earth and the Sun, thereby totally or partly obscuring the image of the Sun for a viewer on Earth. A partial solar eclipse occurs in the polar regions of the Earth when the center of the Moon's shadow misses the Earth. It was the first of three partial eclipses that took place that year, the next was on July 9 in the same hemisphere. It was part of solar saros 148, the next eclipses

neg: Solar eclipse of January 11, 1842 Solar eclipse of January 11, 1842 A annular solar eclipse occurred on January 11, 1842 during summer. A solar eclipse occurs when the Moon passes between Earth and the Sun, thereby totally or partly obscuring the image of the Sun for a viewer on Earth. An annular solar eclipse occurs when the Moon's apparent diameter is smaller than the Sun's, blocking most of the Sun's light and causing the Sun to look like an annulus (ring). An annular eclipse appears as a partial eclipse over a region of the Earth thousands of kilometres wide. It was the first of three

neg: Solar eclipse of July 22, 1990 northern Estonia and northern Russia), and eastern Andreanof Islands and Amukta of Alaska. In Finland the solar eclipse occurred during sunrise and enabled observation and photography without protective glasses, which was however hampered by strong clouds. The Sun was totally eclipsed in Helsinki began at 06:03:07 local time. Photos: Solar eclipse of July 22, 1990 A total solar eclipse occurred on July 22, 1990. A solar eclipse occurs when the Moon passes between Earth and the Sun, thereby totally or partly obscuring the image of the Sun for a viewer on Earth. A total solar eclipse occurs when the Moon's

neg: Solar eclipse of October 24, 1995 Solar eclipse of October 24, 1995 A total solar eclipse occurred on October 24, 1995. A solar eclipse occurs when the Moon passes between Earth and the Sun, thereby totally or partly obscuring the image of the Sun for a viewer on Earth. A total solar eclipse occurs when the Moon's apparent diameter is larger than the Sun's, blocking all direct sunlight, turning day into darkness. Totality occurs in a narrow path across Earth's surface, with the partial solar eclipse visible over a surrounding region thousands of kilometres wide. The path of totality went through Iran, Afghanistan, Pakistan, India, southwestern

neg: Solar eclipse of February 16, 1980 Solar eclipse of February 16, 1980 A total solar eclipse occurred on February 16, 1980. A solar eclipse occurs when the Moon passes between Earth and the Sun, thereby totally or partly obscuring the image of the Sun for a viewer on Earth. A total solar eclipse occurs when the Moon's apparent diameter is larger than the Sun's, blocking all direct sunlight, turning day into darkness. Totality occurs in a narrow path across Earth's surface, with the partial solar eclipse visible over a surrounding region thousands of kilometres wide. The path of totality crossed central Africa, southern India, and into

neg: October 2004 lunar eclipse eclipses by 9 years and 5.5 days (a half saros). This lunar eclipse is related to two solar eclipses of Solar Saros 143. October 2004 lunar eclipse A total lunar eclipse took place on October 28, 2004, the second of two total lunar eclipses in 2004, the first being on May 4, 2004. It was the first lunar eclipse to take place during a World Series game, which when seen from Busch Memorial Stadium in St, Louis, Missouri, provided a surreal sight on the night the Boston Red Sox won their first World Series in 86 years to end the

neg: April 2014 lunar eclipse means the Earth's shadow will move about 11 degrees west in each subsequent eclipse. This tetrad started during the ascending node of the Moon's orbit. It is the first tetrad since the 2003–04 series, which started in May. The next series will be from 2032 to 2033, starting in April. A lunar eclipse will be preceded and followed by solar eclipses by 9 years and 5.5 days (a half saros). This lunar eclipse is related to two hybrid total/annualar solar eclipses of solar saros 129. April 2014 lunar eclipse A total lunar eclipse took place on April 15, 2014. It

neg: Rice gas than carbon dioxide. A 2010 study found that, as a result of rising temperatures and decreasing solar radiation during the later years of the 20th century, the rice yield growth rate has decreased in many parts of Asia, compared to what would have been observed had the temperature and solar radiation trends not occurred. The yield growth rate had fallen 10–20% at some locations. The study was based on records from 227 farms in Thailand, Vietnam, Nepal, India, China, Bangladesh, and Pakistan. The mechanism of this falling yield was not clear, but might involve increased respiration during warm nights,

neg: Solar eclipse of January 31, 1870 Moon's shadow was missed by about 1,500 km above the area (69 S) south of the Antarctic Circle. The subsolar marking was in Brazil. Solar eclipse of January 31, 1870 A partial solar eclipse occurred on January 31, 1870 during summer. A solar eclipse occurs when the Moon passes between Earth and the Sun, thereby totally or partly obscuring the image of the Sun for a viewer on Earth. A partial solar eclipse occurs in the polar regions of the Earth when the center of the Moon's shadow misses the Earth. It was the first of four eclipses that took

neg: Solar observation were also misinterpreted as planetary transits. The first unambiguous mention of the solar corona was by Leo Diaconus, a Byzantine historian. He wrote of the 22 December 968 total eclipse, which he experienced in Constantinople (modern-day Istanbul, Turkey): The earliest known record of a sunspot drawing was in 1128, by John of Worcester. Another early observation was of solar prominences, described in 1185 in the Russian Chronicle of Novgorod. Giordano Bruno and Johannes Kepler suggested the idea that the sun rotated on its axis. Sunspots were first observed telescopically in late 1610 by English astronomer Thomas Harriot and Frisian astronomers

neg: Allais effect minute but detectable variations in the expected behavior of devices dependent on gravity do indeed occur within the umbra of an eclipse, but others have failed to detect any noticeable effect. Romanian physicist Gheorghe Jeverdan "et al." observed the Allais effect and the so-called "Jeverdan-Rusu-Antonescu effect" or "Jeverdan effect" (i.e. the change in the oscillation period of a pendulum during an eclipse) while monitoring a Foucault pendulum during the solar eclipse of February 15, 1961. The authors made two hypotheses regarding their observation: during an eclipse, the Moon exerts a screening effect on the gravitational attraction of the Sun so

neg: Astrophotography a Total Eclipse of the Sun was made by the Italian physicist, Gian Alessandro Majocchi during an eclipse of the Sun that took place in his home city of Milan, on July 8, 1842. He later gave an account of his attempt and the Daguerreotype photographs he obtained, in which he wrote The Sun's solar corona was first successfully imaged during the Solar eclipse of July 28, 1851. Dr. August Ludwig Busch, the Director of the Königsberg Observatory gave instructions for a local daguerreotypist named Johann Julius Friedrich Berkowski to image the eclipse. Busch himself was not present at Königsberg

neg: Solar eclipse of February 3, 1859 Solar eclipse of February 3, 1859 A partial solar eclipse occurred on February 3, 1859 during summer. A solar eclipse occurs when the Moon passes between Earth and the Sun, thereby totally or partly obscuring the image of the Sun for a viewer on Earth. A partial solar eclipse occurs in the polar regions of the Earth when the center of the Moon's shadow misses the Earth. It was the first of four partial eclipses that took place that year, two in a space of two months each, the next on was on March 4 and covered a small part

neg: Solar eclipse of January 22, 1841 Solar eclipse of January 22, 1841 A partial solar eclipse occurred on January 22, 1841 during summer. A solar eclipse occurs when the Moon passes between Earth and the Sun, thereby totally or partly obscuring the image of the Sun for a viewer on Earth. A partial solar eclipse occurs in the polar regions of the Earth when the center of the Moon's shadow misses the Earth. It was the first of four partial eclipses that took place that year, two in a space of two months each, the next on was on February 21 covered a small part of

neg: Solar eclipse of August 21, 2017 Washington. (See Gallery - partial eclipse section). During the eclipse for a long span of its path of totality, several bright stars and four planets were visible. The star-system Regulus was visible slightly to the west of the Sun. Mars was 8 degrees to the right, and Venus 34 degrees right. Mercury was 10 degrees left, and Jupiter 51 degrees left. This was the first total solar eclipse visible from the United States since that of July 11, 1991—which was seen only from part of Hawaii—and the first visible from the contiguous United States since 1979. An eclipse of comparable

neg: Solar eclipse of October 31, 1826 Solar eclipse of October 31, 1826 A partial solar eclipse occurred on October 31, 1826 during spring. A solar eclipse occurs when the Moon passes between Earth and the Sun, thereby totally or partly obscuring the image of the Sun for a viewer on Earth. A partial solar eclipse occurs in the polar regions of the Earth when the center of the Moon's shadow misses the Earth. It was the second of three partial eclipses that took place that year, the first of two in two months, the next was on November 29 and covered a part of the Northern

neg: Solar eclipse of January 21, 1852 Solar eclipse of January 21, 1852 A partial solar eclipse occurred on January 21, 1852 during summer. A solar eclipse occurs when the Moon passes between Earth and the Sun, thereby totally or partly obscuring the image of the Sun for a viewer on Earth. A partial solar eclipse occurs in the polar regions of the Earth when the center of the Moon's shadow misses the Earth. It was first of three partial eclipses that took place that year within the space of nearly six months, the last one was on June 1852 in the same hemisphere with a very

neg: Solar eclipse of April 5, 1837 Solar eclipse of April 5, 1837 A partial solar eclipse occurred on April 5, 1837 during fall. A solar eclipse occurs when the Moon passes between Earth and the Sun, thereby totally or partly obscuring the image of the Sun for a viewer on Earth. A partial solar eclipse occurs in the polar regions of the Earth when the center of the Moon's shadow misses the Earth. It was the first of three partial eclipses that took place that year, each two in two months, the next on was on May 4 covered a part of the Northern Hemisphere. It

neg: Gravitational mirage which has been observed since antiquity, in circumstances where the air temperature varies strongly with height over the ground or sea; the rapidly changing refractive index bends light, producing inverted and/or multiple images "floating" in the air. Ring-shaped gravitational mirages are referred to as Einstein rings, and one multiple-image gravitational mirage is named the Einstein Cross, as tribute for Einstein's predictions regarding gravitational lensing. Gravitational bending of light was predicted by Einstein's general relativity in 1916, and first observed by astronomers in 1919 during a total solar eclipse. Accurate measurements of stars seen in the dark sky near the eclipsed

neg: Solar eclipse of January 21, 1852 January 20). The subsolar marking was in the Indian Ocean around the Tropic of Capricorn and offshore from the Agalega Islands. Solar eclipse of January 21, 1852 A partial solar eclipse occurred on January 21, 1852 during summer. A solar eclipse occurs when the Moon passes between Earth and the Sun, thereby totally or partly obscuring the image of the Sun for a viewer on Earth. A partial solar eclipse occurs in the polar regions of the Earth when the center of the Moon's shadow misses the Earth. It was first of three partial eclipses that took place that year

neg: Solar eclipse of January 22, 1841 63.1 S, 56.6 E at 17:24 UTC (9:36 PM local time). The subsolar marking was in the Pacific Ocean hundreds of kilometers west of the Chilean-Peruvian border. Solar eclipse of January 22, 1841 A partial solar eclipse occurred on January 22, 1841 during summer. A solar eclipse occurs when the Moon passes between Earth and the Sun, thereby totally or partly obscuring the image of the Sun for a viewer on Earth. A partial solar eclipse occurs in the polar regions of the Earth when the center of the Moon's shadow misses the Earth. It was the first of four

neg: Solar eclipse of April 5, 1837 at 61.3 S, 145.6 E at 7:36 UTC (4:36 PM local time). The subsolar marking was in the Indian Ocean north of the Equator. Solar eclipse of April 5, 1837 A partial solar eclipse occurred on April 5, 1837 during fall. A solar eclipse occurs when the Moon passes between Earth and the Sun, thereby totally or partly obscuring the image of the Sun for a viewer on Earth. A partial solar eclipse occurs in the polar regions of the Earth when the center of the Moon's shadow misses the Earth. It was the first of three partial eclipses that

neg: Double ionization states, located between the first and second ionization potentials. For noble gas atoms, non-sequential double ionization was first observed by L'Huillier. The interest to this phenomenon grew rapidly after it was rediscovered in infrared fields and for higher intensities. Multiple ionization has also been observed. The mechanism of non-sequential double ionization in noble gas atoms differs from the one in alkaline earth atoms. For noble gas atoms in infrared laser fields, following one-electron ionization, the liberated electron can recollide with the parent ion. This electron acts as an "atomic antenna", absorbing the energy from the laser field between ionization and

neg: Solar eclipse of November 21, 1862 Solar eclipse of November 21, 1862 A partial solar eclipse occurred on June 27, 1862 during spring. A solar eclipse occurs when the Moon passes between Earth and the Sun, thereby totally or partly obscuring the image of the Sun for a viewer on Earth. A partial solar eclipse occurs in the polar regions of the Earth when the center of the Moon's shadow misses the Earth. As is shown under 6% obscuration, the center of the Moon's shadow was missed by about 2,670 km above the area (68 S) south of the Antarctic Circle. It was the first of

neg: Solar eclipse of June 27, 1862 Solar eclipse of June 27, 1862 A partial solar eclipse occurred on June 27, 1862 during winter. A solar eclipse occurs when the Moon passes between Earth and the Sun, thereby totally or partly obscuring the image of the Sun for a viewer on Earth. A partial solar eclipse occurs in the polar regions of the Earth when the center of the Moon's shadow misses the Earth. As is shown over 92% obscuration, the center of the Moon's shadow was missed by about 250 km (150 mi) above the Antarctic Circle. It was the first of three partial eclipses that

neg: Solar eclipse of August 11, 1999 since 29 June 1927. Because of the high population densities in areas of the path, this was one of the most-viewed total solar eclipses in human history; although some areas in the path of totality (mainly in Western Europe) offered impaired visibility due to adverse weather conditions. Some of the organized eclipse-watching parties along the path of totality set up video projectors on which people could watch the Moon's shadow as it raced towards them. There was substantial coverage on International TV stations of the progress of the eclipse shadow. The Moon's shadow was also observed from the Russian Mir

neg: Lunar phase the times of lunar phases. It might be expected that once every month, when the Moon passes between Earth and the Sun during a new moon, its shadow would fall on Earth causing a solar eclipse, but this does not happen every month. Nor is it true that during every full moon, the Earth's shadow falls on the Moon, causing a lunar eclipse. Solar and lunar eclipses are not observed "every" month because the plane of the Moon's orbit around the Earth is tilted by about 5° with respect to the plane of Earth's orbit around the Sun (the plane

neg: Yohkoh Yohkoh therefore returned many novel scientific results, especially regarding solar flares and other forms of magnetic activity. The mission ended after more than ten years of successful observation when it went into its "safehold" mode during an annular eclipse on December 14, 2001 20:58:33 and the spacecraft lost lock on the sun. Operational mistakes and other flaws combined in such a way that its solar panels could no longer charge the batteries, which drained irreversibly; several other solar eclipses had successfully been observed. On September 12, 2005 the spacecraft burned up during reentry over South Asia. The time of reentry,

neg: Chronocinematograph have been observed as closely as before due to the brightness of the sun. Chronocinematograph Chronocinematograph is an astronomical instrument consisting of a film camera, chronometer and chronograph. The device records images using a more precise timetable for observing an eclipse. It was invented in 1927 by a Polish astronomer, mathematician and geodesist Tadeusz Banachiewicz for observing total solar eclipses. During the same year, Banachiewcz used his device for solar observations in Lapland (Sweden), then in USA (1932) and Greece, Japan and Siberia (1936). The invention enhanced the precision for determining the time of an eclipse, due to more precisely

neg: Corona lines produced by ions that are present in the coronal plasma; it may be observed in broad or forbidden or hot spectral emission lines and is the main source of information about the corona's composition. In 1724, French-Italian astronomer Giacomo F. Maraldi recognized that the aura visible during a solar eclipse belongs to the Sun not to the Moon. In 1809, Spanish astronomer José Joaquín de Ferrer coined the term 'corona'. Based in his own observations of the 1806 solar eclipse at Kinderhook (New York), de Ferrer also proposed that the corona was part of the Sun and not of