query: what type of server does active director run on

pos: Active Directory Active Directory Active Directory (AD) is a directory service that Microsoft developed for the Windows domain networks. It is included in most Windows Server operating systems as a set of processes and services. Initially, Active Directory was only in charge of centralized domain management. Starting with Windows Server 2008, however, Active Directory became an umbrella title for a broad range of directory-based identity-related services. A server running Active Directory Domain Services (AD DS) is called a domain controller. It authenticates and authorizes all users and computers in a Windows domain type network—assigning and enforcing security policies for all computers and

pos: Server Core levels: Windows Server 2008 was the first Windows Server with the Server Core option (in all editions, except IA-64). Though no Windows Explorer shell is installed, Notepad and some control panel applets, such as Regional Settings, are available. Server Core on Windows Server 2008 does not include the .NET Framework, Internet Explorer, Windows PowerShell or many other features not related to core server features. A "Server Core" machine can be configured for several basic roles: Active Directory Domain Services, Active Directory Application Mode (ADAM), DNS Server, DHCP server, file server, print server, Windows Media Server, IIS 7 web server and

pos: Comparison of DNS server software dnscache, the MaraDNS 2.0 stand-alone recursive resolver ("Deadwood") does not use threads. Windows DNS Server component of Microsoft DNS. The same software can be configured to support authoritative, recursive and hybrid mode. The software is integrated with Active Directory which makes it the default DNS software for many enterprise networks that are based on Active Directory. It also allows creating zones by the standard DNS zone file. The software comes packaged as a role in windows server. The server software is shipped with a cmdline interface dnscmd, a DNS management GUI wizard, and a DNS PowerShell package. In Windows Server

pos: Server Core changes like turning Automatic Updates on or off, turning Remote Desktop on or off and change page file settings. In Windows Server 2008 R2, Server Core includes a subset of the .NET Framework, so that some applications (including ASP.NET web sites and Windows PowerShell 2.0) can be used. Having .NET support, it is also the first Server Core version where Microsoft SQL Server can be installed (a supported scenario only with SQL Server 2012+). Server Manager has become remoteable. New roles had been enabled to run on Server Core, including Active Directory Certificate Services and the File Server Resource Manager

pos: Active Directory only on a single server. These operations are performed using the roles listed below: To allow users in one domain to access resources in another, Active Directory uses trusts. Trusts inside a forest are automatically created when domains are created. The forest sets the default boundaries of trust, and implicit, transitive trust is automatic for all domains within a forest. Windows Server 2003 introduced the "forest root trust". This trust can be used to connect Windows Server 2003 forests if they are operating at the 2003 forest functional level. Authentication across this type of trust is Kerberos-based (as opposed to

pos: Windows Server 2003 software suite which includes Windows Server and additional technologies aimed at providing a small business with a complete technology solution. The Standard edition of SBS includes Microsoft Remote Web Workplace, Windows SharePoint Services, Microsoft Exchange Server, Fax Server, Active Directory, a basic firewall, DHCP server and network address translation capabilities. The Premium edition of SBS adds Microsoft SQL Server 2000 and Microsoft ISA Server 2004. SBS has its own type of CAL that is different and costs slightly more than CALs for the other editions of Windows Server 2003. However, the SBS CAL encompasses the user CALs for Windows Server,

pos: Server Core and Server Manager to run, but without the normal desktop, shell or default programs like File Explorer. The "minimal server interface" is in fact a server role "(Server-Gui-Mgmt-Infra)", the full GUI version contains the "Server-Gui-Shell" role as well. Some new roles are available, like Windows Server Update Services (WSUS), Active Directory Rights Management Server, and Routing and Remote Access Server, and many new features as well. In Windows Server 2012 R2, Windows Defender is available in a Server Core installation, and is installed and enabled by default. Windows Server 2016 has a minimal footprint installation option (smaller than Server Core)

pos: Active Directory server software for information rights management shipped with Windows Server. It uses encryption and a form of selective functionality denial for limiting access to documents such as corporate e-mails, Microsoft Word documents, and web pages, and the operations authorized users can perform on them. As a directory service, an Active Directory instance consists of a database and corresponding executable code responsible for servicing requests and maintaining the database. The executable part, known as Directory System Agent, is a collection of Windows services and processes that run on Windows 2000 and later. Objects in Active Directory databases can be accessed via

pos: Hyper-V also depends on the OS: There is also a maximum for the number of concurrently active virtual machines. The following table lists supported guest operating systems on Windows 10 Pro RS5, and Windows Server 2019. Fedora 8 or 9 are unsupported; however, they have been reported to run. Third-party support for FreeBSD 8.2 and later guests is provided by a partnership between NetApp and Citrix. This includes both emulated and paravirtualized modes of operation, as well as several HyperV integration services. Windows 10 Home does not support Hyper-V. Desktop virtualization (VDI) products from third-party companies (such as Quest Software vWorkspace,

pos: Windows Internal Database Services, Windows System Resource Manager, UDDI Services, Active Directory Federation Services 2.0, IPAM and Windows SharePoint Services. On Windows Server 2003, SharePoint and Windows Server Update Services will install Windows Internal Database and use it as a default data store if a retail SQL Server database instance is not provided. A Knowledge Base article published by Microsoft states that Windows Internal Database does not identify itself as a removable component, and provides instructions how it may be uninstalled by calling Windows Installer directly. SQL Server Management Studio Express can be used to connect to an instance of Windows Internal Database

pos: Hyper-V problems so long as Windows Aero was turned off and no 3D applications were running. In Windows Server 2008 R2, Microsoft added support for Second Level Address Translation to Hyper-V. Since SLAT is not required to run Hyper-V with Windows Server, the problem will continue to occur if a non-SLAT CPU is used with accelerated graphics drivers. However, SLAT is required to run Hyper-V on client versions of Windows 8. Hyper-V in Windows Server 2008 does not support "live migration" of guest VMs (where "live migration" is defined as maintaining network connections and uninterrupted services during VM migration between physical

pos: Server Core - Task Manager powershell.exe - Windows PowerShell subset of Explorer function - all what can be done from File - Open dialog like adexplorer.exe - Sysinternals Active Directory Explorer procexp.exe - Sysinternal Process Explorer procmon.exe - Sysinternal Process Monitor tcpview.exe - Sysinternal TCPview vmmap.exe - Sysinternal VMMap rammap.exe - Sysinternal RamMap 1.50 portqueryui.exe - Microsoft PortQueryUI Version 1.0 ... and possibly many other Server Core Server Core is a minimalistic Microsoft Windows Server installation option, debuted in Windows Server 2008. Server Core provides a server environment with functionality scaled back to core server features, and because of limited features, it

pos: MinWin with the additions for each edition of Longhorn layered on top of that. While the name MinWin was never used as part of Windows Vista's marketing efforts or in presentations to developers or IT professionals, some of the kernel architecture team's componentization and refactoring work was shipped with Windows Vista. One of Microsoft's goals for Windows Server 2008 was to produce a variant with a sub-set of the entire Windows operating system that contains enough components to run a number of common server roles, such as Active Directory, Microsoft DNS Server, DHCP Server, and Internet Information Services. During its development

pos: JASBUG settings in Active Directory environments. Microsoft was not able to fix the JASBUG flaw on Windows Server 2003 systems, noting that "The architecture to properly support the fix provided in the update does not exist on Windows Server 2003 systems, making it infeasible to build the fix for Windows Server 2003." For unpatched and unpatchable platforms that may be vulnerable to JASBUG, security firms like Symantec recommend that organizations use intrusion prevention systems (IPS) to monitor network activity for possible malicious JASBUG traffic. JASBUG JASBUG is a security bug disclosed in February 2015 and affecting core components of the Microsoft

pos: Windows Server 2003 attack surface of new machines. Windows Server 2003 includes compatibility modes to allow older applications to run with greater stability. It was made more compatible with Windows NT 4.0 domain-based networking. Windows Server 2003 brought in enhanced Active Directory compatibility, and better deployment support, to ease the transition from Windows NT 4.0 to Windows Server 2003 and Windows XP Professional. The product went through several name changes during the course of development. When first announced in 2000, it was known by its codename, "Whistler Server"; it was named "Windows 2002 Server" for a brief time in mid-2001, followed by "Windows

pos: Windows Server 2008 (WSRM) is integrated into Windows Server 2008. It provides resource management and can be used to control the amount of resources a process or a user can use based on business priorities. "Process Matching Criteria", which is defined by the name, type or owner of the process, enforces restrictions on the resource usage by a process that matches the criteria. CPU time, bandwidth that it can use, number of processors it can be run on, and allocated to a process can be restricted. Restrictions can be set to be imposed only on certain dates as well. Server Manager is a

pos: Active Directory controller to provide automatic failover protection of the directory. Domain controllers are also ideally single-purpose for directory operations only, and should not run any other software or role. Certain Microsoft products such as SQL Server and Exchange can interfere with the operation of a domain controller, necessitating isolation of these products on additional Windows servers. Combining them can make configuration or troubleshooting of either the domain controller or the other installed software more difficult. A business intending to implement Active Directory is therefore recommended to purchase a number of Windows server licenses, to provide for at least two separate domain

pos: Blaster (computer worm) software!! This is a message to Bill Gates, the co-founder of Microsoft and the target of the worm. The worm also creates the following registry entry so that it is launched every time Windows starts: HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE\SOFTWARE\Microsoft\Windows\CurrentVersion\Run\ windows auto update=msblast.exe Although the worm can only spread on systems running Windows 2000 or Windows XP, it can cause instability in the RPC service on systems running other versions of Windows NT, including Windows Server 2003 and Windows XP Professional x64 Edition. In particular, the worm does not spread in Windows Server 2003 because Windows Server 2003 was compiled with the /GS switch,

pos: Linux adoption (Microsoft CEO) claimed 60% of servers run Linux and 40% run Windows Server. According to IDC's report covering Q2 2013, Linux was up to 23.2% of worldwide server revenue although this does compensate for the potential price disparity between Linux and non-Linux servers. In May 2014, W3Techs estimated that 67.5% of the top 10 million (according to Alexa) websites run some form of Unix, and Linux is used by at least 57.2% of all those websites which use Unix. Linux-based solution stacks come with all the general advantages and benefits of free and open-source software. Some more commonly known examples

pos: Active Server Pages to databases (ADO), filesystem, and use of components installed on the server. Stores global variables. Stores variables accessible only to a single visitor. Allows the management of errors. Active Server Pages Active Server Pages (ASP), later known as Classic ASP or ASP Classic, is Microsoft's first server-side script engine for dynamically generated web pages. ASP.NET, first released in January 2002, has superseded ASP. Initially released as an add-on to Internet Information Services (IIS) via the Windows NT 4.0 Option Pack (ca. 1996), it is included as a free component of Windows Server (since the initial release of Windows 2000 Server).

pos: Active Server Pages Active Server Pages Active Server Pages (ASP), later known as Classic ASP or ASP Classic, is Microsoft's first server-side script engine for dynamically generated web pages. ASP.NET, first released in January 2002, has superseded ASP. Initially released as an add-on to Internet Information Services (IIS) via the Windows NT 4.0 Option Pack (ca. 1996), it is included as a free component of Windows Server (since the initial release of Windows 2000 Server). There have been three versions of ASP, each introduced with different versions of IIS: ASP 2.0 provides six built-in objects: Application, ASPError, Request, Response, Server, and Session. codice_1

neg: Microsoft Access are three states for the Yes/No (True/False) data type: empty, no/false (zero) and yes/true (-1). The corresponding SQL Server data type is binary, with only two states, permissible values, zero and 1. Regardless, SQL Server is still the easiest migration, and most appropriate especially if the user does not have rights to create objects such as stored procedures on SQL Server. Retrieving data from linked tables is optimized to just the records needed, but this scenario may operate less efficiently than what would otherwise be optimal for SQL Server. For example, in instances where multi-table joins still require copying the

neg: SQL injection the target information has been established. One type of blind SQL injection forces the database to evaluate a logical statement on an ordinary application screen. As an example, a book review website uses a query string to determine which book review to display. So the URL codice_2 would cause the server to run the query from which it would populate the review page with data from the review with ID 5, stored in the table bookreviews. The query happens completely on the server; the user does not know the names of the database, table, or fields, nor does the user

neg: Active Platform web applications that were run through a browser and constructed using Java software components. In response, Microsoft announced the Active Platform at their SiteBuilder conference in October 1996. ActiveDesktop at first was promised by Microsoft to run on any operating system, but only appeared in Windows, first through the Internet Explorer 4.0 release, and later in Windows 98. Active Server was based on IIS 3.0 and included Active Server Pages, the Distributed Component Object Model (DCOM), Microsoft Transaction Server, and a new message queuing-based middleware. ActiveX was based on a number of technologies Microsoft had already developed for Windows. ActiveX

neg: HATEOAS resource varies. A client does not need to understand every media type and communication mechanism offered by the server. The ability to understand new media types can be acquired at run-time through "code-on-demand" provided to the client by the server. The HATEOAS constraint is an essential part of the "uniform interface" feature of REST, as defined in Roy Fielding's doctoral dissertation. Fielding has further described the concept on his blog. The purpose of some of the strictness of this and other REST constraints, Fielding explains, is "software design on the scale of decades: every detail is intended to promote software

neg: Free Internet Chess Server does not permit users to exclude persistent laggers. FICS is designed to be accessed by a chess interface designed to connect to Internet chess servers. Interfaces are created independently. FICS does not have an official interface and does not endorse any interface. The most popular interfaces for Windows are BabasChess, Jin, XBoard, Thief, and Raptor. Mobialia Chess is the most common platform for mobile operating systems Android and IOS. On other operating systems (mainly Unix-type boxes based on Linux or macOS), eboard, XBoard, PyChess, Jin, JavaBoard, and Raptor are popular choices. JavaBoard, JinApplet, and QXBoard are web interfaces that run

neg: VBScript Object Model (DOM) of the page, to perform tasks not possible in HTML alone. However, other web browsers such as Firefox and Opera do not have built-in support for VBScript. This means that where client-side scripting and cross-browser compatibility are required, developers usually choose JavaScript over VBScript. VBScript is also used for server-side processing of web pages, most notably with Microsoft Active Server Pages (ASP). The ASP engine and type library, asp.dll, invokes vbscript.dll to run VBScript scripts. VBScript that is embedded in an ASP page is contained within <% and %> context switches. The following example of an ASP

neg: Active Directory AD LDS shares the code base with AD DS and provides the same functionality, including an identical API, but does not require the creation of domains or domain controllers. It provides a "Data Store" for storage of directory data and a "Directory Service" with an LDAP "Directory Service Interface". Unlike AD DS, however, multiple AD LDS instances can run on the same server. Active Directory Certificate Services (AD CS) establishes an on-premises public key infrastructure. It can create, validate and revoke public key certificates for internal uses of an organization. These certificates can be used to encrypt files (when used

neg: Password use; see cryptography. Unfortunately, there is a conflict between stored hashed-passwords and hash-based challenge-response authentication; the latter requires a client to prove to a server that they know what the shared secret (i.e., password) is, and to do this, the server must be able to obtain the shared secret from its stored form. On many systems (including Unix-type systems) doing remote authentication, the shared secret usually becomes the hashed form and has the serious limitation of exposing passwords to offline guessing attacks. In addition, when the hash is used as a shared secret, an attacker does not need the original

neg: Windows NT 4.0 approximately more than 480 MB of memory. Like previous versions of NT, NT 4.0 can run on multiple processor architectures. Windows 95, however, can only run on x86. Windows NT 4.0 Server was included in versions 4.0 and 4.5 of BackOffice Small Business Server suite. An "Option Pack" was available as a free-bundled CD starting around 1998, which included IIS 4.0 with Active Server Pages, FrontPage Server Extensions, Certificate Server, MTS, MSMQ, CDONTS, Internet Authentication Service (IAS), Indexing Service, Microsoft Management Console 1.0, Microsoft Site Server, SMTP and NNTP services and other new software. Several features such as Distributed File

neg: File server File server In computing, a file server (or fileserver) is a computer attached to a network that provides a location for shared disk access, i.e. shared storage of computer files (such as text, image, sound, video) that can be accessed by the workstations that are able to reach the computer that shares the access through a computer network. The term "server" highlights the role of the machine in the client–server scheme, where the "clients" are the workstations using the storage. It is common that a file server does not perform computational tasks, and does not run programs on behalf of

neg: DarkMarket the FBI's Cyber Initiative & Resource Fusion Unit, their undercover operation was "very successful in getting to the upper echelons of the Dark Market group and we were actually able to run the server and host all the communications that were going on there to make our cases." He obtained full access to everyone using the site and what they were doing by securing the server after gaining Subramaniam's confidence. In Congressional testimony on November 17, 2009, FBI Deputy Assistant Director, Cyber Division Steven R. Chabinsky described the FBI operation: In a speech to the GovSec/FOSE Conference on March 23,

neg: Trusted Computing Group trust and security services on storage devices. Security Subsystem Class (SSC) Specifications describe the requirements for specific classes of devices; specifically, the Enterprise SSC defines minimum requirements for Data Center and Server Class devices while the Opal SSC defines minimum requirements for client devices. The vendor of a TPM-enabled system has complete control over what software does and does not run on the owner's system. In some cases the vendor may choose to grant permission to the owner to configure hardware they have legally purchased, or conversely to restrict the owner from fully using their own property. This does include

neg: Final Cut Server accessible to your workgroup, integration of Active Directory permission sets, improved search engine performance, and an expanded line of proxy settings. On June 21, 2011, Apple announced the end-of-life of the Final Cut Server product, in favor of Final Cut Pro X. Final Cut Server Final Cut Server was Apple's server-based backend for managing Final Cut Studio files (in particular Final Cut Pro) and workflow automation, based on Proximity's artbox package. Final Cut Server can catalogue any file type and allows for the addition of custom metadata to make those files searchable. Final Cut Server runs on Apple hardware but

neg: FitNesse execution the tool launches an embedded web server which allows test pages to be exposed locally or across the Internet with equal ease. The embedded server is quite lightweight and can be run from a laptop as well as full server machine. Upon launch the tool deploys its own Wiki engine into its embedded server. This Wiki engine is similarly focused on simplicity, meaning that it does not require a backing database to run — it simply creates a file-based collection of Wiki pages which are interpreted by the Wiki engine and served by the embedded web server. The default

neg: Google Web Server Google Web Server Google Web Server (GWS) is a proprietary web server software that Google uses for its web infrastructure. GWS is used exclusively inside Google's ecosystem for website hosting. Little information has been released over the years, however it is believed to be originally based on the Apache web server software and run on a heavily modified version of Debian Linux. In May, 2015, GWS was ranked as the fourth most popular web server on the internet after Apache, nginx and Microsoft IIS, powering an estimated 7.95% of active websites. Web page requests on most Google pages provide "gws"

neg: Dynamic web page A program running on a web server (server-side scripting) is used to generate the web content on various web pages, manage user sessions, and control workflow. Server responses may be determined by such conditions as data in a posted HTML form, parameters in the URL, the type of browser being used, the passage of time, or a database or server state. Such web pages are often created with the help of server-side languages such as ASP, ColdFusion, Go, JavaScript, Perl, PHP, Ruby, Python, WebDNA and other languages, by a Support server that can run on the same hardware on the

neg: BeeGFS several metadata servers on a directory level, with each server storing a part of the complete file system tree. This approach allows fast access on the data. Clients as well as metadata or storage servers can be added into an existing system without any downtime. The client itself is a lightweight kernel module that does not require any kernel patches. The servers run on top of an existing local file system. There are no restrictions to the type of underlying file system as long as it supports POSIX; recommendations are to use ext4 for the metadata servers and XFS for

neg: Hit-and-run DDoS Hit-and-run DDoS Hit-and-run DDoS is a type of denial-of-service (DDoS) attack that uses short bursts of high volume attacks in random intervals, spanning a time frame of days or weeks. The purpose of a hit-and-run DDoS is to prevent a user of a service from using that service by bringing down the host server. This type of attack is to be distinguished from a persistent DDoS attack which continues until the attacker stops the attack or the host server is able to defend against it. A DDoS attack is characterized by an explicit attempt by attackers to prevent legitimate users

neg: Traitor tracing When the user enters a valid license code, the software does not immediately install. Instead, it uses the active internet connection to contact a server being operated by the software manufacturer. The license code is transmitted to the server, and it waits for the server to tell it whether the install should be permitted. The server maintains a database of all the serial numbers that have been used to install their software. If a single serial number is used on a number of machines (a typical limit would be five machines) then the server tells the software that it is

neg: Microsoft Merchant Server Microsoft Merchant Server Microsoft Merchant Server, released in October 1996, was Microsoft's solution for the growing Business-to-Consumer sales business taking place on the Internet. Only one version was shipped, then its technology was folded into Microsoft Site Server 2.0, Commerce Edition. The technology at the heart of Merchant Server originated at a company named eShop Inc., which Microsoft acquired in June 1996. It was primarily built using Python, with additional C++ code to plug into IIS and to run the primary server code as an NT Service. Microsoft's Active Server Pages was shipped in December 1996, two months after Merchant

neg: Virtual file server Virtual file server In computing, a virtual file server is a system consisting of one of more virtualized devices that store computer files such as documents, sound files, photographs, movies, images or databases. The server can be accessed by workstations or application servers through the Virtual Fileserver Network (VFN). The term "server" highlights the role of the virtual machine in the client-server scheme, where the clients are the applications accessing the storage. The file server usually does not run application programs on behalf of the clients. It enables storage and retrieval of data, where the computation is provided by the

neg: Super-server Super-server A super-server or sometimes called a service dispatcher is a type of daemon run generally on Unix-like systems. A super-server starts other servers when needed, normally with access to them checked by a TCP wrapper. It uses very few resources when in idle state. This can be ideal for workstations used for local web development, client/server development or low-traffic daemons with occasional usage (such as ident and SSH). There is a slight delay in connecting to the sub-daemons. Thus, when compared to standalone servers, a super-server setup may perform worse, especially when under high load. Some servers, such as

neg: Webcron Webcron webcron is the term for a time-based job scheduler hosted on a web server. The name derives its roots from the phrase "web server" and the Unix daemon cron. A webcron solution enables users to schedule jobs to run within the web server environment on a web host that does not offer a shell account or other means of scheduling jobs. Many web hosts offer shell accounts or some sort of built-in job scheduler such as "cron" that makes it easy for users to schedule jobs. Such hosts run jobs as command-line applications that may optionally communicate with the

neg: GTK-server the GTK-server returns a result, depending on the type of GTK function invoked. If the GTK-server is compiled as a shared object, it exports the function 'gtk', which must be imported in the client program first. After that, the client program can start sending GTK function calls in S-Expression format as argument to the imported 'gtk' function. Before the GTK-server actually can execute GTK functions, it has to read a configuration file in which the prototypes of the GTK functions are described. Since version 2.2.3 this also can be done on-the-fly, allowing the GTK-server to run without configuration file. Implementing

neg: Super-server hpa-tftpd, therefore take over the internet socket and listen on it themselves for some specified interval, anticipating more connections to come. Super-server A super-server or sometimes called a service dispatcher is a type of daemon run generally on Unix-like systems. A super-server starts other servers when needed, normally with access to them checked by a TCP wrapper. It uses very few resources when in idle state. This can be ideal for workstations used for local web development, client/server development or low-traffic daemons with occasional usage (such as ident and SSH). There is a slight delay in connecting to the sub-daemons.

neg: News server syntax appears to be invalid, the Approved header is missing for a moderated newsgroup, or additional local rules disallow it. Most servers also maintain a list of active newsgroups. If the Newsgroups header of a new article does not match the active list, it may be discarded or placed in a special "junk" newsgroup. Once the article is stored, the server attempts to retransmit it to any servers in its own newsfeed list. Articles with Control lines are given special handling. They are typically filed in special "control" newsgroups and may cause the server to automatically carry out exceptional actions.

neg: RDM Server to the supported SQL92 standard. RDM Server has full support for ODBC v3.51, JDBC v3 and v4 through a Java type 4 implementation, ADO.Net and even PHP. Administrative functions that allow programmatic control over users, databases, and devices, as well as administrative procedures such as backup, defragmentation and consistency checks. Active and passive replication is also available, maintaining an identical copy of a master database for application failover. The subsystem implements an asynchronous single master multi-slave replication engine based on its supporting client–server transports (including TCP/IP). Administrative functions allow RDM Server to be placed into a hot backup mode so

neg: Multiseat desktop virtualization of this fact to enable ordinary users to install a multiseat PC giving 2 "seats" with a dual-core CPU or 4 "seats" with a quad-core CPU. The operating system of this PC is initially installed just like a regular PC. Regular PC users can install and use this type of product without having to install servers, or know how to manage complicated, server based computing or server based virtualization products. It has the combined benefits of a Type 1 hypervisor and a Type 2 hypervisor virtual machine. It does this with the efficiency of a Type 1 hypervisor while maintaining

neg: Push email connected to the network, it does not necessarily know how to locate the client mail user agent, which may only be connected occasionally and also change network address quite often. For example, a user with a laptop on a Wi-Fi connection may be assigned different addresses from the network DHCP server periodically and have no persistent network name. When new mail arrives to the mail server, it does not know what address the client is currently assigned. The Internet Message Access Protocol (IMAP) provides support for polling and notifications. When a client receives a notification from a server, the client

neg: Web hosting service server). The user gets his or her own Web server and gains full control over it (user has root access for Linux/administrator access for Windows); however, the user typically does not own the server. One type of dedicated hosting is self-managed or unmanaged. This is usually the least expensive for dedicated plans. The user has full administrative access to the server, which means the client is responsible for the security and maintenance of his own dedicated server. The user gets his or her own Web server but is not allowed full control over it (user is denied root access for

neg: Xgl X server to run Xgl on top of. At XDevConf 2006 (the 2006 X development conference), NVIDIA made a presentation arguing that this is the wrong direction to take because the layered server abstracts features of the cards away. This makes driver specific capabilities like support for 3D glasses and dual monitor support much more difficult. However, delegating initialization to an existing X server allows the developers to immediately focus on server functionality rather than dedicating substantial time to specifics of interfacing with numerous video hardware. At the moment, Xglx does not officially support multiple monitors, although it has been

neg: CUBRID one instance can run on a machine. Unlike other solutions, the database server does not compile queries itself, but executes queries precompiled in a custom access specification language. The CUBRID connection broker's main roles are: Also, a local object pool enables some parts of the execution to be deferred from the database server (e.g. tuple insertion and deletion, DDL statements), thus lowering the database server load. Since the connection broker is not bound to the same machine as the database server, CUBRID can take advantage of the hardware resources of several machines while processing queries on a single database. Applications

neg: Client–server model Whether a computer is a client, a server, or both, is determined by the nature of the application that requires the service functions. For example, a single computer can run web server and file server software at the same time to serve different data to clients making different kinds of requests. Client software can also communicate with server software within the same computer. Communication between servers, such as to synchronize data, is sometimes called "inter-server" or "server-to-server" communication. In general, a service is an abstraction of computer resources and a client does not have to be concerned with how the

neg: Generalized processor sharing be proved that each flow formula_2 will receive at least a rate where formula_12 is the rate of the server. This is a minimal rate. If some flow does not use its bandwidth during some period, this remaining capacity is shared by the active flows wrt their respective weights. For example, consider a GPS server with formula_13. The first flow will receive at least half of the capacity, whereas the other two only get . Nevertheless, if on some time interval formula_3, only the second and third flows are active, they will receive each one half of the capacity. In

neg: SQL Server Compact to support SQL Compact through their standard lifecycle support policy. This support will end in July 2021. SQL Server Compact Microsoft SQL Server Compact (SQL CE) is a compact relational database produced by Microsoft for applications that run on mobile devices and desktops. Prior to the introduction of the desktop platform, it was known as "SQL Server for Windows CE" and "SQL Server Mobile Edition". It includes both 32-bit and 64-bit native support. SQL CE targets occasionally connected applications and applications with an embedded database. It is free to download and redistribute. An ODBC driver for SQL CE does not

neg: SQL Server Compact SQL Server Compact Microsoft SQL Server Compact (SQL CE) is a compact relational database produced by Microsoft for applications that run on mobile devices and desktops. Prior to the introduction of the desktop platform, it was known as "SQL Server for Windows CE" and "SQL Server Mobile Edition". It includes both 32-bit and 64-bit native support. SQL CE targets occasionally connected applications and applications with an embedded database. It is free to download and redistribute. An ODBC driver for SQL CE does not exist, nor is one planned. Native applications may use SQL CE via OLE DB. The latest, and

neg: RADIUS access is granted to the user by the NAS, an "Accounting Start" (a RADIUS Accounting Request packet containing an Acct-Status-Type attribute with the value "start") is sent by the NAS to the RADIUS server to signal the start of the user's network access. "Start" records typically contain the user's identification, network address, point of attachment and a unique session identifier. Periodically, "Interim Update" records (a RADIUS Accounting Request packet containing an Acct-Status-Type attribute with the value "interim-update") may be sent by the NAS to the RADIUS server, to update it on the status of an active session. "Interim" records typically

neg: Adobe Flash Media Server MX. Version 1.0 was released on 9 July 2002 and included all the basic features that make up the product, including the NetConnection, SharedObject and NetStream objects. Version 1.5 was released on 27 March 2003 giving the server HTTP Tunneling, Linux support and a free developer edition. Version 2.0 was released on November 15, 2005. The server was renamed to Flash Media Server for this build to better illustrate what the server does; however, the version numbers were not reset. Version 2.0 brought support to stream the new video codec in Flash Player 8, On2’s VP6. However the Flash Player

neg: Mod jk Mod jk mod_jk is an Apache module used to connect the Tomcat servlet container with web servers such as Apache, iPlanet, Sun ONE (formerly Netscape) and even IIS using the Apache JServ Protocol. A web server waits for client HTTP requests. When these requests arrive, the server does what is needed to serve the requests by providing the necessary content. Adding a servlet container alters this behavior. Now the web server needs also to: The adapter needs to know what requests it is going to serve, usually based on some pattern in the request URL, and to where to direct

neg: Deployment diagram Deployment diagram A deployment diagram in the Unified Modeling Language models the "physical" deployment of artifacts on nodes. To describe a web site, for example, a deployment diagram would show what hardware components ("nodes") exist (e.g., a web server, an application server, and a database server), what software components ("artifacts") run on each node (e.g., web application, database), and how the different pieces are connected (e.g. JDBC, REST, RMI). The nodes appear as boxes, and the artifacts allocated to each node appear as rectangles within the boxes. Nodes may have subnodes, which appear as nested boxes. A single node in

neg: BOINC client–server technology for their web and database systems. Scientific computations run on participants' computers. After uploading from the user's client to a science investigator's database, the backend server validates and analyzes the results. The validation process involves running all tasks on multiple contributor PCs and comparing the results. BOINC servers also provide these features: The server consists of two CGI programs and (normally) five daemons, written in C++. Computations to be performed by clients are called workunits. A result describes an instance of a workunit, even if it hasn't been completed. A project does not explicitly create results; the server creates them

neg: Image map first supported in Mosaic (web browser) version 1.1. Server-side image maps enable the web browser to send positional information to the server about where the user clicks within an image. This allows the server to make pixel-by-pixel decisions about what content to return in response (possible methods are to use image mask layers, database queries, or configuration files on the server). The HTML code for this type of server-side image map requires the codice_1 tag to be inside an anchor tag codice_2 and the codice_1 must include the codice_4 attribute. When the user clicks inside the image the browser will

neg: Novell ZENworks Application VIrtualization system registry indirectly. Virtualized applications run without an agent/server architecture and without a local client install. The technology also supports application streaming, a form of on-demand application distribution. This type of application streaming uses a predictive algorithm that maps common user behavior in applications to anticipate what portions of application code should be sent first, based upon changing user behavior, in an effort to improve performance. The process for creating a virtual application with ZENworks Application Virtualization follows one of three paths: Users can then define other application behavior, such as setting an application to expire on a certain date,

neg: Network transparency of the intermediate host. Transparency at the application layer means the client application uses the protocol in a different way. An example of a transparent HTTP request for a server: GET / HTTP/1.1 Host: example.org Connection: Keep-Alive An example non-transparent HTTP request for a proxy (cache): GET http://foo.bar/ HTTP/1.1 Proxy-Connection: Keep-Alive Application layer transparency is symmetric when the same working mode is used on both the sides. The transparency is asymmetric when the firewall (usually a proxy) converts server type requests to proxy type or vice versa. Transparency at the IP layer does not mean automatically application layer transparency. Network

neg: Transport Neutral Encapsulation Format the message to a mailbox role server, the message is converted to MAPI format for storage. S/TNEF differs from TNEF in that it is 8-bit (not 7-bit for TNEF) and does not contain a plain-text portion. Programs to decode and extract files from TNEF-encoded attachments are available on many platforms. Transport Neutral Encapsulation Format Transport Neutral Encapsulation Format or TNEF is a proprietary email attachment format used by Microsoft Outlook and Microsoft Exchange Server. An attached file with TNEF encoding is most often named "winmail.dat" or "win.dat", and has a MIME type of "Application/MS-TNEF". The official (IANA) media type, however,

neg: Configurable Network Computing JD Edwards OneWorld installation or implementation. The back-end databases that are supported include Oracle database, Microsoft SQL Server, and IBM DB2 databases. The application server can run on Windows platforms, Unix/Linux, and the IBM System i (formerly known as iSeries and AS/400). The web server can be IBM WebSphere (on Windows, Unix/Linux, or System i) or the Oracle Weblogic Server (on Windows or Unix/Linux). In what has been known traditionally as client–server environments, applications must communicate across a combination of different hardware platforms, operating systems and databases as including. The CNC architecture uses a layer of software, called middleware, which

neg: ElasticHosts their traditional cloud VM business, they were releasing an alternate type of server, based on linux running within containers. This implementation, similar to chroot or BSD jails uses the more advanced Linux kernel Control Groups feature, which the company deemed mature enough to use as the basis for a new type of cloud server, launched under the name "Elastic Containers". Claiming this as a world first in terms of virtualization, the company currently offers versions of Debian, Ubuntu and Centos - though because of the nature of the containers, all run with the host's Linux kernel. Containers in and of

neg: POP3 Connector POP3 Connector The POP3 Connector is a piece of software included with Small Business Server (SBS) versions of Microsoft Exchange Server that enables the server to fetch e-mail from external, 3rd party, POP3 servers. The software can fetch e-mail on a per-user, per-account basis, or it can fetch e-mail from a catch-all account and distribute by the To: field based on the e-mail addresses assigned to users in Active Directory. Note that the latter method does not work for bcc'd e-mails and some mailing lists, as the recipient cannot be easily identified by looking at the e-mail headers. However, failed

neg: Windows Server Update Services to update computers on a disconnected network. This requires exporting patch data from a WSUS server connected to the internet and, using removable media, importing to a WSUS server set up on the disconnected network. Administrators can use WSUS with Group Policy for client-side configuration of the Automatic Updates client, ensuring that end-users can't disable or circumvent corporate update policies. WSUS does not require the use of Active Directory; client configuration can also be applied by Local Group Policy or by modifying the Windows registry. WSUS uses .NET Framework, Microsoft Management Console and Internet Information Services. WSUS 3.0 uses either

neg: X-Video Motion Compensation height combination. For example, a context might be created for a particular port that does MPEG-2 motion compensation on 720 x 480 4:2:0 surfaces. Once the context is created, referencing it implies the port, surface type, size and the motion compensation type. Contexts may be "direct" or "indirect". For indirect contexts the X display server renders all video using the data passed to it by the client. For direct contexts the client libraries render the video with little or no interaction with the X display server. XvMCSurfaces are buffers into which the motion compensation hardware can render. The data in

neg: Direct Rendering Infrastructure X Server is the only process with exclusive access to the graphics hardware, and therefore the one which does the actual rendering on the framebuffer. All that X clients do is communicate with the X Server to dispatch rendering commands. Those commands are hardware independent, meaning that the X11 protocol provides an API that abstracts the graphics device so the X clients don't need to know or worry about the specifics of the underlying hardware. Any hardware specific code lives inside the Device Dependent X, the part of the X Server that manages each type of video card or graphics

neg: HP Operations Manager again) in a later message, which normally remains on the Active message list. Because correlation occurs at the management server (so as to be able to correlate events from different managed nodes), it does not reduce traffic to the management server. On the other hand, effective use of de-duplication at the managed node will reduce such traffic. As a last resort, message overload conditions can be dealt with by an optional de-duplication at the management server, and by a detection mechanism which can quench individual agents when defined maximum frequencies are reached. Once the events have been received by the

neg: Microsoft Office 2007 2007 hosted forms also support data validation and conditional formatting, as does their InfoPath counterpart. It also supports advanced controls like "Repeating section" and "Repeating table". However, some InfoPath controls cannot be used if it must be hosted on a Forms server. Microsoft Office Groove Server 2007 is for centrally managing all deployments of Microsoft Office Groove 2007 in the enterprise. It enables using Active Directory for Groove user accounts, and create Groove "Domains", with individual policy settings. It allows Groove workspaces to be hosted at the server, and the files in the workspaces made available for collaborative editing via

neg: File Transfer Protocol by a TCP/IP version, (June 1980) and (October 1985), the current specification. Several proposed standards amend , for example (February 1994) enables Firewall-Friendly FTP (passive mode), (June 1997) proposes security extensions, (September 1998) adds support for IPv6 and defines a new type of passive mode. FTP may run in "active" or "passive" mode, which determines how the data connection is established. In both cases, the client creates a TCP control connection from a random, usually an unprivileged, port N to the FTP server command port 21. Both modes were updated in September 1998 to support IPv6. Further changes were introduced

neg: Gopher (protocol) email attachments. The item type is followed by the "user display string" (a description or label that represents the item in the menu); the selector (a path or other string for the resource on the server); the "hostname" (the domain name or IP address of the server), and the network port. For example: The following selector line generates a link to the "/home" directory at the subdomain gopher.floodgap.com, on port 70. The item type of indicates that the resource is a Gopher menu. The string "Floodgap Home" is what the user sees in the menu. In addition to selector lines,

neg: Open Root Server Network from ORSN Root Zone Version: 2015022600 ORSN Root Server Systems Technical Information ORSN Public DNS Servers are operated by the community of ORSN, providing Domain Name System access freely for everyone, without any limitation. It does not serve additional TLDs but only the regular ICANN TLDs. ORSN public DNS servers are intended to respect privacy and should not log usage, although these servers are run independently and there is no technical means by which ORSN can enforce this. Anyone may choose to run a OSRN public DNS server and submit it via web form. These DNS servers are an alternative

neg: Extensible Authentication Protocol (using the hostapd/wpa_supplicant project RFC 5612 Private Enterprise Number), and on 25 February 2014 added support for the WFA-UNAUTH-TLS vendor-specific EAP type (using the Wi-Fi Alliance Private Enterprise Number), which only do server authentication. This would allow for situations much like HTTPS, where a wireless hotspot allows free access and does not authenticate station clients but station clients wish to use encryption (IEEE 802.11i-2004 i.e. WPA2) and potentially authenticate the wireless hotspot. There have also been proposals to use IEEE 802.11u for access points to signal that they allow EAP-TLS using only server-side authentication, using the standard EAP-TLS IETF type

neg: Discourse (software) script defaults to running them all on the same server, but supports running them separately. The Discourse developers do not support using Discourse with any builds of these services other than their own, but they do support using a separate web server or load balancer to run Discourse side-by-side with another website on the same domain. Discourse requires an outgoing MTA, and does not provide one itself. Discourse recommends buying access to an outgoing MTA from reputable commercial provider, to ensure that transactional mail arrives in a forum user's inbox. Discourse also supports, but does not require, the ability to

neg: Proofpoint, Inc. released in April 2007. The product runs as a virtual appliance on a host running VMware's virtual server software. Moving a dedicated hardware appliance to a virtual server eliminates problems associated with proprietary hardware and reduces upgrade costs, though it does require knowledge of VMware's virtual server architecture. Proofpoint Messaging Security Gateway V5.0 was released in June 2007, and was based on a new, integrated architecture, combining all its capabilities into a single platform. It could be run either as a dedicated appliance, virtual appliance, or software suite. ICSA Labs, an independent division of Verizon Business, announced in April 2007,

neg: Active Server Pages object, for example, represents a session that maintains the state of variables from page to page. The Active Scripting engine's support of the Component Object Model (COM) enables ASP websites to access functionality in compiled libraries such as DLLs. ASP 3.0 does not differ greatly from ASP 2.0 but it does offer some additional enhancements such as Server.Transfer method, Server.Execute method, and an enhanced ASPError object. ASP 3.0 also enables buffering by default and optimized the engine for better performance. ASP remains supported until 14 January 2020 on Windows 7. The use of ASP pages will be supported on Windows

neg: Adobe InDesign released InDesign Server CS2, a modified version of InDesign (without a user interface) for Windows and Macintosh server platforms. It does not provide any editing client; rather, it is for use by developers in creating client–server solutions with the InDesign plug-in technology. In March 2007 Adobe officially announced Adobe InDesign CS3 Server as part of the Adobe InDesign family. The MIME type is not official Newer versions can as a rule open files created by older versions, but the reverse is not true. Current versions can export the InDesign file as an IDML file (InDesign Markup Language), which can be

neg: Virtual private server VPSes, performance may be lower, depending on the workload of any other executing virtual machines. The force driving server virtualization is similar to that which led to the development of time-sharing and multiprogramming in the past. Although the resources are still shared, as under the time-sharing model, virtualization provides a higher level of security, dependent on the type of virtualization used, as the individual virtual servers are mostly isolated from each other and may run their own full-fledged operating system which can be independently rebooted as a virtual instance. Partitioning a single server to appear as multiple servers has been

neg: Jargon Software mobile application's graphical user interfaces with a robust yet lightweight set of components, an event handling framework, and locally executed procedures. A generic HTTP interface is used to run procedures on remote hosts via middleware products or built-in web server features such as Active Server Pages (ASP) or PHP scripts. The HTTP interface can also request text documents, images and other files from any server on the network to which the client is connected. FTP uploads and downloads are also supported. Jargon Writer uses a point-and-click, drag-and-drop WYSIWYG layout editor with fill-in-the blanks attribute tables, and a text editor for

neg: Cheating in online games other players systems by spoofing commands. In the client–server model, the server is responsible for information security and enforcing game rules. (See "Anti-cheating methods and limitations" below for drawbacks.) In the peer-to-peer gaming model, clients run equal code but are still subject to most of the same type of cheats found in the client–server multiplayer model; however, the peer-to-peer multiplayer model has deprecated in favor of the client–server model with the wider adoption of high-speed networks. "Never trust the client" is a maxim among game developers (as well as other 'types' of developers) that summarizes the model of client–server game

neg: Software-defined storage concept of a storage hypervisor. By virtualizing servers, server hypervisors (VMware ESX, Microsoft Hyper-V, Citrix XenServer, Linux KVM, Xen) increased the utilization rates for server resources, and provided management flexibility by de-coupling servers from hardware. This led to cost savings in server infrastructure since fewer physical servers were needed to handle the same workload, and provided flexibility in administrative operations like backup, failover and disaster recovery. A storage hypervisor does for storage resources what the server hypervisor did for server resources. A storage hypervisor changes how the server hypervisor handles storage I/O to get more performance out of existing storage

neg: Webcron is sent in the clear over the wire but the data in the request is typically encrypted. This opens up the possibility of denial-of-service attacks and replay attacks. Webcron webcron is the term for a time-based job scheduler hosted on a web server. The name derives its roots from the phrase "web server" and the Unix daemon cron. A webcron solution enables users to schedule jobs to run within the web server environment on a web host that does not offer a shell account or other means of scheduling jobs. Many web hosts offer shell accounts or some sort of

neg: IBM Operational Decision Management On WebSphere Application Server WebSphere Application Server ND On WebSphere Application Server Express On Tomcat On JBoss application server On JBoss Enterprise Application Platform On WebLogic Server As a shared or scoped Java EE application Decision Server Rules can run on the z/OS mainframe: Standalone (as Rule Execution Server for z/OS) On WebSphere Application Server for z/OS On WebSphere Application Server ND for z/OS Decision Server Events and Decision Center can run on WebSphere Application Server for z/OS WebSphere Application Server ND for z/OS Rules Designer is run in Eclipse, or an Eclipse-based product Hardware and software requirements Prior to

neg: Lustre (file system) end-to-end throughput over Gigabit Ethernet networks in excess of 100 MB/s, throughput up to 3 GB/s using InfiniBand quad data rate (QDR) links, and throughput over 1 GB/s across 10 Gigabit Ethernet interfaces. Lustre file system high availability features include a robust failover and recovery mechanism, making server failures and reboots transparent. Version interoperability between successive minor versions of the Lustre software enables a server to be upgraded by taking it offline (or failing it over to a standby server), performing the upgrade, and restarting it, while all active jobs continue to run, experiencing a delay while the backup server

neg: Xfire By analyzing running processes, Xfire could detect active games and then send that information to the Xfire servers. Other user's clients would then be updated with this information. For many games, it could also detect which server users were playing on, the level which was running, and ping times. Using these features, users were also able to see what games their friends were playing, and to join any friends who were currently in-game by having Xfire launch the game and join the friend's server automatically. Xfire logged what games users were playing, how many hours they had played them, and

neg: Point of sale getting away from the central database "file server" type system and going to what is called a "cluster database". This eliminates any crashing or system downtime that can be associated with the back office file server. This technology allows 100% of the information to not only be stored, but also pulled from the local terminal, thus eliminating the need to rely on a separate server for the system to operate. Tablet POS systems popular for retail solutions are now available for the restaurant industry. Initially these systems were not sophisticated and many of the early systems did not support a

neg: Mod jk these requests. Things are more complex when the user wants to set a configuration that uses virtual hosts, or when they want multiple developers to work on the same web server but on different servlet container JVMs. Mod jk mod_jk is an Apache module used to connect the Tomcat servlet container with web servers such as Apache, iPlanet, Sun ONE (formerly Netscape) and even IIS using the Apache JServ Protocol. A web server waits for client HTTP requests. When these requests arrive, the server does what is needed to serve the requests by providing the necessary content. Adding a servlet

neg: Hypertext Transfer Protocol space component of the challenge. This in effect allows the server to define separate authentication scopes under one root URI. HTTP defines methods (sometimes referred to as "verbs", but nowhere in the specification does it mention "verb", nor is OPTIONS or HEAD a verb) to indicate the desired action to be performed on the identified resource. What this resource represents, whether pre-existing data or data that is generated dynamically, depends on the implementation of the server. Often, the resource corresponds to a file or the output of an executable residing on the server. The HTTP/1.0 specification defined the GET, POST

neg: DNS zone transfer automatically updating the serial number, and thus relieving administrators of the need to make two edits (in two different places) for every single change. Furthermore, the paradigm of database replication for which the serial number check (and indeed zone transfer itself) is designed, which involves a single central DNS server holding the master version of the database with all other DNS servers merely holding copies, simply does not match that of many modern DNS server packages. Modern DNS server packages with sophisticated database back ends such as SQL servers and Active Directory allow administrators to make updates to the database

neg: Shibboleth of military service, and other groups. Discussing such memories is a common way of bonding. In-jokes can be a similar type of shared-experience shibboleth. In information technology a shibboleth is a community-wide password that enables a member of that community to access an online resource without revealing her individual identity. The origin server can vouch for the identity of the individual user without giving the target server any further identifying information. Hence the individual user does not know the password that is actually employed – it is generated internally by the origin server – and so cannot betray it to

neg: Fragment identifier determines the processing of fragments. When an agent (such as a Web browser) requests a web resource from a Web server, the agent sends the URI to the server, but does not send the fragment. Instead, the agent waits for the server to send the resource, and then the agent processes the resource according to the document type and fragment value. Several proposals have been made for fragment identifiers for use with plain text documents (which cannot store anchor metadata), or to refer to locations within HTML documents in which the author has not used anchor tags: Fragment identifier In

neg: Ninjam mode" in the REAPER-tied client, and this mode is only currently offered on the Cockos server. Appears to be another "track at a time" collaboration system like RocketPower, according to the manufacturer. All clients feed data at 0 dB to the server, regardless of local monitoring levels. When setting up, the NINJAM client "local" level is set to 0 dB. "Local" does not affect transmitted volume. The slider labelled "local" only affects what the user hears locally, not what others hear. The user must adjust their input level - before the NINJAM client in the signal path - to affect

neg: Spring (operating system) space which survived boots, as they copied their names into the same server. In theory the system could allow the name server to provide a "lazy launch" system, not starting the networking server until someone requests it for instance, but it does not appear it included this functionality. In fact the separation of name spaces would allow this to be separated out to the service which actually implemented the naming of doors, making implementation considerably easier. As stated earlier, the Spring VM allowed any program to define what pager it should use. Additionally the Spring system was based on a

neg: HTTP cookie future requests to the server (the browser will ignore this header if it does not support cookies or has disabled cookies). As an example, the browser sends its first request for the homepage of the codice_9 website: GET /index.html HTTP/1.1 Host: www.example.org The server responds with two codice_2 headers: HTTP/1.0 200 OK Content-type: text/html Set-Cookie: theme=light Set-Cookie: sessionToken=abc123; Expires=Wed, 09 Jun 2021 10:18:14 GMT The server's HTTP response contains the contents of the website's homepage. But it also instructs the browser to set two cookies. The first, "theme", is considered to be a "session cookie" since it does not have

neg: Cameyo standalone EXE that contains the virtualization engine and the original software’s files and registry. It can then be directly run on target Windows machines. Since it is self-contained, it does not require an agent to be pre-installed on target machines. It can also be uploaded to a Cameyo server, making it possible to run virtual applications through a browser. Cameyo itself is a portable virtual application that does not need to be installed on the computer. It can be deleted once the virtualization is completed as a single file without leaving any traces in the registry. Cameyo essentially reduces all