query: when does winter officially start in south africa

pos: Winter begins on 1 June and ends on 31 August. In Celtic nations such as Ireland (using the Irish calendar) and in Scandinavia, the winter solstice is traditionally considered as midwinter, with the winter season beginning 1 November, on All Hallows, or Samhain. Winter ends and spring begins on Imbolc, or Candlemas, which is 1 or 2 February. This system of seasons is based on the length of days exclusively. (The three-month period of the shortest days and weakest solar radiation occurs during November, December and January in the Northern Hemisphere and May, June and July in the Southern Hemisphere.) Also,

neg: Climate of Minnesota past 56 years. One of those tornadoes was a large F3 that occurred in the 1969 Minnesota tornado outbreak. Even though winter does not officially start until late December, Minnesota usually begins experiencing winter-like conditions in November, sometimes in October. As with many other Midwestern states, winter in Minnesota is characterized by cold (below freezing) temperatures and snowfall. Weather systems can move in from the north, west, or south, with the majority of the weather being driven in from the north. A vigorous jet stream brings high and low-pressure systems through in quick succession, which can cause large temperature variations

neg: Steve Waugh XI century during the season with tons against Sydney University and Waverley. At the start of the 1984–85 season, the brothers were included in the New South Wales state squad. At the end of the season, the twins signed a contract to spend the Australian winter to play for Egerton in the Bolton League in Lancashire in northern England. Each club was allowed to have one professional; Steve was officially designated as such but would split the earnings with Mark. The twins were billeted with a local family. However, during the year, an Australian rebel tour to South Africa was

neg: Mark Waugh Mosman. At the start of the 1984–85 season, the brothers were included in the New South Wales state squad. At the end of the season, the Waugh twins signed a contract to spend the Australian winter to play for Egerton in the Bolton League in Lancashire in northern England. Each club was allowed to have one professional; Steve was officially designated as such but would split the earnings with Mark. The twins were billeted with a local family. However, during the year, an Australian rebel tour to South Africa was staged, breaking the boycott against the apartheid regime. Some players

neg: 1980 South American Jaguars rugby union tour of South Africa invited to play in this tour and against South Africa in two match played later during the springboks tour of South America The "South America Jaguars" was a "ghost" Argentine national team, not officially recognised by Union Argentina de Rugby, a "stratagem" to elude the prohibition of Argentine Government that since early '70s forbid any official relationship between any Argentine sport federation and South African and Rhodesian ones. This due the apartheid politics of the two African countries. This ostracism start in 1971 when the Argentine Government forbid to "Pumas" to play a match in Rhodesia during the tour in

neg: 2018 Winter Olympics 2018 Winter Olympics The 2018 Winter Olympics, officially known as the XXIII Olympic Winter Games () and commonly known as PyeongChang 2018, was an international winter multi-sport event that was held between 9 and 25 February 2018 in Pyeongchang County, Gangwon Province, South Korea, with the opening rounds for certain events held on 8 February 2018, the eve of the opening ceremony. Pyeongchang was elected as the host city in July 2011, during the 123rd IOC Session in Durban, South Africa. This was the first time that South Korea had hosted the Winter Olympics and the second Olympics held in

neg: South Africa at the 2010 Winter Paralympics at the 1998 Games in Nagano, Japan. It was the second nation from Africa to take at a Winter Paralympics, after the appearances of Uganda at the 1976 and 1980 Games. On both occasions, Uganda was represented by Tofiri Kibuuka, who was the first African competitor at a Winter Paralympics. When South Africa debuted in 1998, their sole competitor, Bruce Warner, became the second African to compete at a Winter Paralympics. He would continue to compete for the nation for the following four Winter Paralympics, until the 2010 Games. The sole South African athlete at the 2010 Winter Paralympics, Bruce

neg: Hinduism in South Africa Christianity,mainly by Pentecostals.The Indian Christian number grew from 4% in 1925 to 24.4% in 2011.The penetration of the Pentecostal movements into Hindu society is felt especially in the KwaZulu-Natal Indian townships.In 2018, an organisation called the "South African Hindu Dharma Sabha" officially "declared war on such religious conversion". Its president, Ram Maharaj, said at least 500 000 signatures were needed by the Netherlands-based foundation to start legal proceedings at the International Court of Human Rights, however Maharaj's stance was rejected by other Hindu organisations in South Africa. Hinduism in South Africa Hinduism is practised in various provinces of South Africa,

neg: Hashim Amla first edition of the Mzansi Super League T20 tournament. Upon being appointed captain of the Dolphins, Amla began the 2004–2005 Indian domestic season by scoring four centuries during his first eight innings. His success at the domestic level and consistent performances for the South Africa A squad led to him being chosen for the winter 2004 tour of africa at the age of 21, thereby becoming the first South African of Indian descent to represent South Africa in international cricket. Making his debut in Eden Gardens, Kolkata, on 28 November 2004, he initially made a slow start to his career,

neg: South African Border War camp by mid 1966 and identified its general location. On 26 August 1966, the first major clash of the conflict took place when South African paratroops and paramilitary police units executed Operation Blouwildebees to capture or kill the insurgents. SWALA had dug trenches around Omugulugwombashe for defensive purposes, but was taken by surprise and most of the cadre was quickly overpowered. The South Africans killed two guerrillas, wounded one, and captured eight more. This engagement is widely regarded as the start of what became known in South Africa as the Border War, and according to SWAPO, officially marked the beginning

neg: Scorpions (South Africa) South African Parliament passed the SA Police Service Amendment Act, however a Court judgement by the Western Cape High Court again found that the Act does not go far enough to secure independence for the Hawks. Scorpions (South Africa) The Directorate of Special Operations (also, DSO or Scorpions) was an independent multidisciplinary agency that investigated and prosecuted organised crime and corruption. It was a unit of The National Prosecuting Authority of South Africa. Its staff of 536 consisted of some of the best prosecutors, police, financial, forensic and intelligence experts in the country. It was officially disbanded late in January

neg: South Africa at the 2002 Winter Olympics South Africa at the 2002 Winter Olympics South Africa sent a delegation to compete at the 2002 Winter Olympics in Salt Lake City, United States from 8–24 February 2002. This was South Africa's fourth time appearing at a Winter Olympic Games. The nation's delegation consisted of a single alpine skier, Alexander Heath. In his best performance, he finished 27th in the men's slalom. South Africa first entered Olympic competition at the 1904 St. Louis Summer Olympics. They made their debut at a Winter Olympic Games in the 1960 Winter Olympics. From 1964 until 1991, South Africa was banned from the

neg: South Africa at the Paralympics has competed at the Summer Games ever since. South Africa made its "Winter" Paralympics début at the 1998 Games in Nagano, Japan. It thus became the second African country to compete at the Winter Paralympics, following Uganda in 1976. South Africa has competed at every edition of the Winter Paralympics since then. To date, only one athlete, alpine skier Bruce Warner, has represented South Africa at the Winter Games. He has yet to win a medal. South Africa at the Paralympics South Africa has competed at both the Summer and Winter Paralympic Games. The country made its Paralympic début at

neg: South Africa at the 2010 Winter Olympics South Africa at the 2010 Winter Olympics South Africa sent a delegation to compete at the 2010 Winter Olympics in Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada from 12–28 February 2010. The South African team consisted of two athletes in two sports: alpine skier Peter Scott and cross-country skier Oliver Kraas. Neither of the South African athletes won a medal. South Africa first entered Olympic competition at the 1904 St. Louis Summer Olympics. They made their debut at a Winter Olympic Games in the 1960 Winter Olympics. From 1964 until 1991, South Africa was banned from the Olympics due to its practice of

neg: Namibia Namibia Namibia (, ), officially the Republic of Namibia ( ; ), is a country in southern Africa. Its western border is the Atlantic Ocean; it shares land borders with Zambia and Angola to the north, Botswana to the east and South Africa to the south and east. Although it does not border Zimbabwe, less than 200 metres of the Zambezi River (essentially a small bulge in Botswana to achieve a Botswana/Zambia micro-border) separates the two countries. Namibia gained independence from South Africa on 21 March 1990, following the Namibian War of Independence. Its capital and largest city is Windhoek,

neg: Erika Sutter focus on achieving other visions. Sutter had wanted to start a nursing school for eye care since she started working in South Africa, and in 1975, her dream was fulfilled when the South African Nursing Council officially recognized their new curriculum and approved the school. At the school, African nurses could be trained and receive an official diploma in ophthalmic nursing. That same year, she also established the Rivoni Society for the Blind, a rehabilitation center that offered workshops and training for the visually impaired and the blind. The society also offered a school for blind children where they could

neg: Geography of Africa as Africa but are situated on the Mid-Atlantic Ridge half way to South America. Lying almost entirely within the tropics, and equally to north and south of the equator, Africa does not show excessive variations of temperature. Great heat is experienced in the lower plains and desert regions of North Africa, removed by the great width of the continent from the influence of the ocean, and here, too, the contrast between day and night, and between summer and winter, is greatest. (The rarity of the air and the great radiation during the night cause the temperature in the Sahara to

neg: 123rd IOC Session 123rd IOC Session The 123rd International Olympic Committee Session (or the 2011 International Olympic Committee Session, the 123rd IOC Session or the 2011 IOC Session) was held in July 2011 at the Inkosi Albert Luthuli International Convention Centre in Durban, South Africa. At the session, Pyeongchang, South Korea was announced as the host city of the 2018 Olympic Winter Games and Paralympic Winter Games. The International Olympic Committee officially announced Durban as the host city of the 123rd IOC Session at the 120th IOC Session in Beijing, People's Republic of China on 7 August 2008, before the 2008 Summer Olympics.

neg: South Africa–Taiwan relations South Africa–Taiwan relations South Africa–Taiwan relations refers to the current and historical relationship between Taiwan and the Republic of South Africa. Taiwan and South Africa established diplomatic ties in 1949. The ties lasted and grew throughout the apartheid-era in South Africa and officially ended in January 1998 when South African President Nelson Mandela recognized the People's Republic of China. Despite the ending of diplomatic relations, Taiwan and South Africa continue to maintain trade relations. In the absence of formal diplomatic relations, the two countries now have "Liaison Offices", which serve as "de facto" embassies. South Africa is now represented in

neg: Common blackbird rather than black like the body plumage. The common blackbird breeds in temperate Eurasia, North Africa, the Canary Islands, and South Asia. It has been introduced to Australia and New Zealand. Populations are sedentary in the south and west of the range, although northern birds migrate south as far as northern Africa and tropical Asia in winter. Urban males are more likely to overwinter in cooler climes than rural males, an adaptation made feasible by the warmer microclimate and relatively abundant food that allow the birds to establish territories and start reproducing earlier in the year. Common over most of

neg: South Africa–Taiwan relations Despite the derecognition of Taiwan, the two countries maintained trade relations; As of 2010, the Bank of Taiwan still maintained a branch in South Africa and in 2010 Taiwan ranked as South Africa's 16th largest importer, with goods totaling over 5.9 million rand ($861,000). South Africa–Taiwan relations South Africa–Taiwan relations refers to the current and historical relationship between Taiwan and the Republic of South Africa. Taiwan and South Africa established diplomatic ties in 1949. The ties lasted and grew throughout the apartheid-era in South Africa and officially ended in January 1998 when South African President Nelson Mandela recognized the People's

neg: D'Oliveira affair play official international cricket again until 1991, after the start of the process to dismantle apartheid. D'Oliveira affair The D'Oliveira affair was a prolonged political and sporting controversy relating to the scheduled 1968–69 tour of South Africa by the England cricket team, who were officially representing the Marylebone Cricket Club (MCC). The point of contention was whether or not the England selectors would include Basil D'Oliveira, a mixed-race South African player who had represented England in Test cricket since 1966, having moved there six years earlier. With South Africa under apartheid, the potential inclusion by England of a non-white South

neg: Jake Winter 2016–17 and became the first person nominated to win the premier grade's rising star award, the Jason Gillespie Medal. He then made his debut for South Australia in the Futures League, scoring 144 runs against the ACT Comets, resulting in his inclusion in a South Australia XI against the touring South Africa national cricket team. Against an international standard attack he teamed up with Tim Ludeman for a 159-run fourth-wicket partnership, scoring 63 runs himself. He continued his strong start to the season with another grade cricket century Winter was selected for another tour match, this time for a Cricket

neg: High Commission of South Africa, London South African President Nelson Mandela appeared on the balcony of South Africa House in 1996, as part of his official UK state visit. In 2001, Mandela again appeared on the balcony of South Africa House to mark the seventh anniversary of Freedom Day, when the apartheid system was officially abolished. High Commission of South Africa, London The High Commission of South Africa in London is the diplomatic mission from South Africa to the United Kingdom. It is located at South Africa House, a building on Trafalgar Square, London. As well as containing the offices of the High Commissioner, the building

neg: South Africa This area is popularly known as the Garden Route. The Free State is particularly flat because it lies centrally on the high plateau. North of the Vaal River, the Highveld becomes better watered and does not experience subtropical extremes of heat. Johannesburg, in the centre of the Highveld, is at above sea level and receives an annual rainfall of . Winters in this region are cold, although snow is rare. The high Drakensberg mountains, which form the south-eastern escarpment of the Highveld, offer limited skiing opportunities in winter. The coldest place on mainland South Africa is Sutherland in the western

neg: Mozambique–South Africa relations Mozambique signed the Nkomati Accord in 1984, which officially ended South Africa's role in the war, though it continued until the advent of Democracy in South Africa in 1994. Mozambique–South Africa relations Mozambique – South Africa relations refers to the bilateral relationship of Mozambique and South Africa. Governmental relations began in 1923, during the colonial era, when the Union of South Africa entered into formal agreements with the Portuguese Empire for the colony of Portuguese East Africa (Mozambique) in regard to labour, transport and commercial matters. Graça Machel, the inaugural First Lady of Mozambique from 1975 to 1986, later married

neg: South Africa women's national cricket team record by opponent South Africa women's national cricket team record by opponent The South Africa women's national cricket team has represented South Africa in international women's cricket since 1960, when they hosted England, contesting four Test matches. Their next officially recognised series was against New Zealand, more than eleven years later. In 1977, they were excluded from competing in international sporting events, when the Commonwealth of Nations signed the Gleneagles Agreement as part of the international campaign against apartheid. Although the men's national team returned to international cricket in 1991, the women's team did not compete again until 1997, when they toured Ireland

neg: South Africa at the 2010 Winter Paralympics South Africa at the 2010 Winter Paralympics South Africa competed at the 2010 Winter Paralympics in Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada. The appearance marked the nation's fourth appearance at a Winter Paralympics since its debut at the 1998 Games; to athlete has won any medals. As with the previous four occasions, the country's only representative at the 2010 Paralympics was alpine skier Bruce Warner. He acted as the flag bearer in the Parade of Nations during the opening ceremony. Warner competed in four standing skiing events, but did not place on the medal podiums. South Africa made its Winter Paralympics debut

neg: Winter Winter Winter is the coldest season of the year in polar and temperate zones (winter does not occur in most of the tropical zone). It occurs after autumn and before spring in each year. Winter is caused by the axis of the Earth in that hemisphere being oriented away from the Sun. Different cultures define different dates as the start of winter, and some use a definition based on weather. When it is winter in the Northern Hemisphere, it is summer in the Southern Hemisphere, and vice versa. In many regions, winter is associated with snow and freezing temperatures. The

neg: Whinchat whinchat is a migratory species breeding in Europe and western Asia from Ireland and northern Portugal east to the Ob River basin near Novosibirsk, and from northern Norway south to central Spain, central Italy, northern Greece, and the Caucasus Mountains. Birds arrive on the breeding grounds between the end of April and mid May, and depart between mid August and mid September (odd birds lingering to October). They winter primarily in tropical sub-Saharan Africa from Senegal east to Kenya and south to Zambia, arriving in western Africa at the start of the dry season in late September to November, and

neg: The Problem of the Old Gristmill up and he is leaving. When he first came, he was cold and uncaring, but when winter began his whole personality changed, and he became helpful, evan helping at the ice house. Sam and Seth help Cordwainer pack up his stuff, including his lock boxes with three dozen journals in them, and Seth reveals that his mother wants him to start up the gristmill (and also that Seth does not want to start it up). Sam does not think much about this, even when he sees Seth at the local cockfights that night. The next morning everyone learns that the

neg: History of South Africa the establishment of so-called "homelands" or "reserves". It authorised the forced evictions of thousands of African people from urban centres in South Africa and South West Africa (now Namibia) to what became described colloquially as "Bantustans" or the "original homes", as they were officially referred to, of the black tribes of South Africa. The same legislation applied also to South West Africa over which South Africa had continued after World War I to exercise a disputed League of Nations mandate. Apartheid apologists attempted to justify the "homelands" policy by citing the 1947 partition of India, when the British had done

neg: Karoo Upper Karoo. Turning north from the N1 between Touws River and Beaufort West, at Matjiesfontein, the road ascends the Great Escarpment through the Verlatenkloof Pass to reach Sutherland, at 1456 m above sea level, which is reputedly the coldest town in South Africa with average minimum temperatures of -6.1 °C during winter. Parts of eastern the Mpumalangan Highveld do at times experience lower temperatures than Sutherland, but not as consistently as Sutherland does. Snowfalls are not infrequent during the southern winter months. The South African Astronomical Observatory has an emplacement of telescopes about 20 km east of the town, on

neg: Sam Nujoma the United Nations withdrew the mandate for South Africa to govern the territory. Nujoma led SWAPO during the lengthy Namibian War of Independence, which lasted from 1966 to 1989. During World War I, South Africa defeated the German colonial forces in South West Africa and established martial law in the colony after making a peace treaty in July 1915. After the war, the League of Nations officially assigned the former German colony to the United Kingdom as a mandate under the administration of South Africa. When the National Party won the 1948 election in South Africa, it passed laws establishing

neg: South African Army Armoured Formation Springbok was first used as symbol for this unit until it was changed to the national flower - the Protea - in July 1934, which is still used today. The SSB was converted to an Armoured Car Regiment at the start of the Second World War, and later to a Tank Regiment. In April 1943 the SSB was deployed in North Africa and used a black beret sporting silver proteas as badge and a flash with orange, white and blue as its colours. When the SA Armoured Corps was officially proclaimed in 1946 and the SSB included in the corps

neg: Grey plover a shallow gravel scrape. Four eggs (sometimes only three) are laid in early June, with an incubation period of 26–27 days; the chicks fledge when 35–45 days old. They migrate to winter in coastal areas throughout the world. In the New World they winter from southwest British Columbia and Massachusetts south to Argentina and Chile, in the western Old World from Ireland and southwestern Norway south throughout coastal Africa to South Africa, and in the eastern Old World, from southern Japan south throughout coastal southern Asia and Australia, with a few reaching New Zealand. Most of the migrants to Australia

neg: South Africa at the 2010 Winter Olympics time of 4 minutes and 4 seconds in the qualifying round, which placed him in 61st position. As only the top 30 competitors advanced to the event's next stage, he was eliminated. South Africa at the 2010 Winter Olympics South Africa sent a delegation to compete at the 2010 Winter Olympics in Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada from 12–28 February 2010. The South African team consisted of two athletes in two sports: alpine skier Peter Scott and cross-country skier Oliver Kraas. Neither of the South African athletes won a medal. South Africa first entered Olympic competition at the 1904 St. Louis

neg: Portugal during World War I Portugal during World War I Portugal did not initially form part of the system of alliances involved in World War I and thus remained neutral at the start of the conflict in 1914. But even though Portugal and Germany remained officially at peace for over a year and a half after the outbreak of World War I, there were many hostile engagements between the two countries. Portugal wanted to comply with British requests for aid and protect its colonies in Africa, thus clashes occurred with German troops in the south of Portuguese Angola, which bordered German South-West Africa, in 1914

neg: How to Eat with Your Butt (with marshmallow filling, as he does not like peanut butter). At the end of the episode, the South Park milk company officially announces that the missing son of the Thompsons is none other than Ben Affleck. When Cartman finds out, he calls the Thompson's son "Ben Ass-fleck" and this immediately causes him to start laughing again. Stan and Kyle conclude that he could not laugh before because he felt guilty for making the Thompsons believe that their son had been found – which Cartman vehemently denies. When Cartman invites Kenny over to eat some chocolate guns straight after, Kenny is

neg: Witels the nearest road, on the farm known as Waaihoek. Witels The Witels is a remote stream of the mountainous Boland of South Africa and flows through rugged sandstone ranges some 60 km east of Cape Town. Access is quite difficult in summer and for practical purposes impossible in winter, when the canyon ("kloof" in Afrikaans) is in high flood. The name in Afrikaans (pronounced 'Vit-else') is a corruption of 'Waterwitels' meaning "Water White Alder", and common along the river course. It is "not" named for the 'Witels', "Platylophus trifoliatus", which does not occur anywhere along the river. The upper reaches

neg: Witels Witels The Witels is a remote stream of the mountainous Boland of South Africa and flows through rugged sandstone ranges some 60 km east of Cape Town. Access is quite difficult in summer and for practical purposes impossible in winter, when the canyon ("kloof" in Afrikaans) is in high flood. The name in Afrikaans (pronounced 'Vit-else') is a corruption of 'Waterwitels' meaning "Water White Alder", and common along the river course. It is "not" named for the 'Witels', "Platylophus trifoliatus", which does not occur anywhere along the river. The upper reaches of the Witels are about three days' walk from

neg: Wings of Fire (book series) get into Icicle's dream and find out what Scarlet is telling her. Moon says she's trying, but that she's sleeping too deeply to dream.<br> When Winter walks up, Moon tells Winter that Scarlet has left. Winter then asked Moon if Icicle was alright and if Scarlet said anything about Hailstorm. Moon says that she trusts that Winter won't kill Glory, because if Winter does, then that might start a war between the IceWings and Glory's two tribes. Moon states that she thinks that Winter won't kill any dragonets, and that Winter doesn't just think about himself, that he thinks about

neg: Homopus femoralis systematically registered in noncommercial studbooks in South Africa and Namibia, any commercial sale of "Homopus" tortoises is almost without exception strictly illegal. This species does not survive for long in captivity, unless considerable effort is made to supply specimens with their natural food, that is, endemic plants from the summer-rainfall grasslands region of South Africa. This summer-rainfall tortoise also has specific temperature requirements. They spend winter under vegetation and rocks (June–September) and lay up to three eggs in summer. Homopus femoralis Homopus femoralis, commonly known as the greater padloper, is a small tortoise of the genus "Homopus", indigenous to the

neg: Cape robin-chat but it prefers the bracken-briar fringes of Afromontane forest, and does not enter far into forest proper. It is altitudinally segregated from the red-capped robin-chat, and is less of a skulker. It occurs from South Sudan (mainly Imatong Mts, above 1,600 m) southwards to Uganda, the DRC (1,800 m – 3,475 m), Kenya, Tanzania, Zambia (above 1,800 m), Malawi (where common above 1,500 m), Zimbabwe, Namibia, South Africa, Swaziland and Lesotho. It is a mainly resident breeder in eastern and southern Africa, though some adults and juveniles may migrate more than a 100 km to lower, warmer regions in winter.

neg: Tom Graveney shot when the match situation called for caution. After a poor series against South Africa in 1955 – where he suffered a permanent injury to the little finger of his left hand when acting as substitute wicket-keeper – he was dropped midway through the 1956 tour by the Australians and was not selected for the winter tour to South Africa. Perhaps jokingly, he later put his failure to be selected for the South Africa tour to the fact that he had beaten the chairman of selectors, Gubby Allen, at a round of golf. His form in county cricket in 1957,

neg: Peter McGregor full-time ‘professional’ activist and was employed at $20 per week. After the massive mobilisations against the 1971 South Africa rugby union tour of Australia by the Springbok team for that coming winter, effectively stymied future South African involvement in international Rugby. By September Donald Bradman made the statement that " the South African cricketers would not come until they stopped racially selecting the team" and officially withdrew their cricket invitation. With the proposed cricket tour for the summer of 1971-72 cancelled by the Australian cricket authorities the substantive Australian sporting contact with apartheid sport was over. McGregor was then employed

neg: South Africa at the 2002 Winter Olympics Stephan Eberharter in 2 minutes and 23.28 seconds. His final event, on 23 February, was the slalom, where he finished his runs in 56.37 seconds and 1 minute and 0.56 seconds. His total time for the event was 1 minute and 56.93 seconds, which placed him 27th out of 33 classified finishers; the gold medalist was Jean-Pierre Vidal of France, who turned in a time of 1 minute and 41.06 seconds. Heath would later represent South Africa at the 2006 Winter Olympics. Men's combined South Africa at the 2002 Winter Olympics South Africa sent a delegation to compete at the

neg: Urocystis agropyri give rise to new infection, again via basidiospore production. Teliospores overwinter in the soil, senescent plant tissues, and in seeds. These spores maintain germination viability for 3–7 years. This pathogen prefers arid summers, moderate temperatures, and mild winters. Flag smut fungi germinate in dry soils when the temperature ranges from 40-80 °F. Flag smut has been reported in Australia, the United States, Canada, South Africa, China, Japan, India, Egypt, and Pakistan. Cultivation practices that leave plant debris on soil surfaces enhances "U. agropyri's" success, as does sowing wheat in winter rather than spring. Mild winters improves the pathogen's ability to

neg: Active solar (a deciduous tree) -windows (large facing south, smaller facing north) Active examples: -collectors (solar panels) -storage (water heaters) -dispurts(pumps) Active solar Solar hot water systems use pumps or fans to circulate fluid (often a mixture of water and glycol to prevent freezing during winter periods) or air, through solar collectors, and are therefore classified under active solar technology. Some of the basic benefits of active systems is that controls (usually electrical) can be used to maximize their effectiveness. For example, a passive solar thermal array which does not rely on pumps and sensors will only start circulating when a certain

neg: Dutch Reformed Church in South Africa (NGK) to as the "Dutch Reformed Church" in South Africa. Originating in the 17th century from the Dutch Reformed Church of the Netherlands, the NGK is the largest denomination within South Africa's Dutch Reformed tradition. Along with the Dutch Reformed Church in South Africa (NHK) and the Reformed Churches in South Africa, it is considered one of the three sister churches of South Africa. When the Dutch East India Company sent Jan van Riebeeck to start a Dutch settlement at the Cape of Good Hope in 1652, most of the company's employees were members of the Dutch Reformed Church. At first

neg: Animal welfare and rights in South Africa does not keep statistics on the number of animals used in research. The NSPCA serves on various animal ethics committees to ensure that animals are not unnecessarily abused when used in research. No registered research is taking place in South Africa for cosmetic purposes. Animal activist organizations in South Africa include Animal welfare and rights in South Africa Animal welfare and rights in South Africa is about the treatment of and laws concerning non-human animals in South Africa. The Animal Protection Act 1962 covers "domestic animals and birds, and wild animals, birds, and reptiles that are in captivity or under

neg: Time in Namibia and about 88% wanted to abolish winter time. After the Cabinet was likewise against changing clocks in autumn and spring, minister Pendukeni Iivula-Ithana proposed a new bill to that effect in February 2017. The Home Affairs ministry stated that winter time would proceed in 2017, as discussions were still ongoing. The National Council passed the "Namibian Time Bill 2017" in August 2017 and repealed the 1993 act. Time in Namibia Namibia since September 2017 is in the Central Africa Time zone at , congruous with South African Standard Time. The country kept the time regulations of South Africa when it

neg: Aloinopsis the Western, Eastern and Northern Cape provinces of South Africa. Most species occur in an arid winter-rainfall area. An outlying species occurs in the far north eastern corner of the Northern Cape. Aloinopsis Aloinopsis is a genus of ice plants from South Africa. This genus is closely related to the similar "Titanopsis", "Deilanthe" and "Nananthus" genera. "Aloinopsis" species have a rather large tuberous root system, and are occasionally cultivated for their looks. They also tend to grow more "heads" when they are raised. Most "Aloinopsis" are winter growers and can react badly to too much water at the wrong time.

neg: 1968 Winter Olympics Kenya refused entry to IOC members from Portugal and South Africa for political reasons. Due to a lack of time only the Summer Games of 1968 could be voted for. The vote finally took place in Innsbruck on 28 January 1964, one day before the start of the 1964 Winter Olympic Games. 51 members who were eligible to vote were in attendance and Grenoble were awarded the games after the third round of voting and were competing against Calgary, who were awarded the Games 20 years later. After Grenoble was voted as the host city the French National Olympic Sports

neg: South Africa at the 2010 Winter Paralympics standing, had a smaller field once again with only 21 skiers taking part. Warner finished last of those who completed the course, in 18th position with an overall time of two minutes and 34.3 seconds. South Africa at the 2010 Winter Paralympics South Africa competed at the 2010 Winter Paralympics in Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada. The appearance marked the nation's fourth appearance at a Winter Paralympics since its debut at the 1998 Games; to athlete has won any medals. As with the previous four occasions, the country's only representative at the 2010 Paralympics was alpine skier Bruce Warner. He acted

neg: Colin Winter married Mary Jackson Winter in Bradford, Yorkshire in 1953. He spent six years as a parish priest at St.Francis Church in Simonstown, South Africa, in the Anglican Diocese of Cape Town. He wrote a book, "Just People", about his experiences as a parish priest there. In 1964, Winter became Dean of St George's Cathedral in Windhoek in what was then known as South West Africa, a former German colony controlled by South Africa, later known as Namibia. He was elected Bishop of Damaraland (Namibia) in 1968, following the deportation of his predecessor, Bob Mize by the South African government. Most

neg: Lizard buzzard slight brown tinge to the wings with an orange yellow cere and legs. The lizard buzzard occurs in Sub-Saharan Africa from Eritrea to north eastern South Africa. It remains common in West Africa, Zimbabwe, Mozambique and north eastern areas of Namibia, Botswana and South Africa. Its preferred habitat is moist dense savannah woodland especially miombo woodland, forest edges and wooded margins of rivers. It is also found, especially in winter, in arid thornbush in savannah areas of East and Central Africa. Lizard buzzards are solitary and silent raptors, except for early in breeding season (September and October) when they produce

neg: Apartheid-era South Africa and the Olympics of Olympic standard. Brundage felt the discrimination rule only applied at the Olympics itself, not at domestic competition, and so South Africa was allowed to compete at the 1960 Olympics in Rome. The same year, it competed at the Winter Olympics for the first time. South Africa's isolation increased in 1960–61 when it declared a Republic and left the Commonwealth. SAOCGA was renamed SAONGA (the South African Olympic and National Games Association) as it was no longer eligible for the Commonwealth Games; it was later more usually called SANOC (South Africa National Olympic Committee). In 1962, Jan de Klerk announced

neg: 1st Infantry Brigade (South Africa) 1st Infantry Brigade (South Africa) The South African 1st Infantry Brigade was an infantry brigade of the army of the Union of South Africa during World Wars I and II. During World War I, the Brigade served as a British formation in Egypt and on the Western Front, most famously the Battle of Delville Wood. It was reactivated at the start of the Second World War as a South African formation and served in East Africa and the Western Desert; the Brigade disbanded on 1 January 1943. When the First World War broke out in 1914, the South African government

neg: George Steer with the Nationalists under Francisco Franco. However the newspaper had a general policy of appeasement when it came to Germany, the Nazis and Fascism. Steer returned to South Africa and, in his book "Judgment on German Africa", documented Germany's attempts to subvert its former African colonies, especially the Cameroon, South West Africa (now known as Namibia), Tanganyika and Togoland. After the outbreak of World War II, the "Daily Telegraph" dispatched Steer to Finland to cover the Winter War, when Finland was attacked by the Soviet Union in November 1939. Steer saw the effects of aerial bombing of several Finnish towns

neg:
2007–08 A1 Grand Prix of Nations, South Africa retire from the race because of a black flag in lap 29 for pit stop violation and exceed the pit lane speed limit. The second pit stop window start in lap 30.
 South Africa does a faster pit stop and passes Brazil in the pits like Canada taking the lead behind Switzerland. France pits after its adversaries, into lap 32, and passes Great Britain. Jonny Reid (New Zealand) take the fastest lap in lap 34 but Cong Fu Cheng make a better lap time next lap.
 In lap 39, Robert Wickens (Canada) spins and Oliver Jarvis (Great Britain) hits him

neg: South Africa at the 2006 Winter Olympics South Africa at the 2006 Winter Olympics Three men from South Africa competed at the 2006 Winter Olympics in Turin, Italy. One of them, Alexander Heath, became the first African to compete in all 5 alpine events. The three-man South African team was the largest from the continent in Turin. Alexander Heath, competing in his third Olympics, qualified in all five events, with his best finish a 27th in the giant slalom. Note: In the men's combined, run 1 is the downhill, and runs 2 and 3 are the slalom. In the women's combined, run 1 and 2 are the

neg: South Africa at the 2006 Winter Olympics slalom, and run 3 the downhill. Kraas competed in three events in Turin, but finished in only one, the sprint, where he finished 57th out of 80 competitors. Tyler Botha finished second in a pair of Challenge Cup events that allowed him to qualify for the Games, where he ended up in 21st place. South Africa at the 2006 Winter Olympics Three men from South Africa competed at the 2006 Winter Olympics in Turin, Italy. One of them, Alexander Heath, became the first African to compete in all 5 alpine events. The three-man South African team was the largest from

neg: Climate of South Africa in the southern suburbs, and most recently on 7 August 2012. Regular cold fronts pass over in winter bringing very cold southerly winds but usually clear skies. The annual average rainfall is , which is mostly concentrated in the summer months. Infrequent showers occur through the course of the winter months. The Western Cape province has a Mediterranean climate with warm to hot, dry, sunny summer weather and mild, rainy conditions in winter. Climate of South Africa The climate of South Africa is determined by South Africa's situation between 22°S and 35°S, in the Southern Hemisphere's subtropical zone, and its

neg: South Africa at the 2010 Winter Olympics Apartheid. South Africa was reinstated by the International Olympic Committee in 1991 following the end of Apartheid. They returned to the Olympics for the 1992 Summer Olympics and the 1994 Winter Olympics. The nation competed in every Winter Olympics from 1994 to these Vancouver Olympics in 2010. The South African team consisted of two athletes; alpine skier Peter Scott and cross-country skier Oliver Kraas. Krass was chosen as the flag bearer for the opening ceremony, while Alex Heath, a team coach, was chosen for the closing ceremony. South Africa qualified one entrant in alpine skiing. That entrant, Peter Scott, was

neg: Gambling in South Africa "interactive gambling" is heard. Gambling in South Africa Gambling in South Africa has been heavily restricted since 1673, with South Africa's Gambling Act of 1965 officially banning all forms of gambling except betting on horse racing which existed as a sporting activity. In the late 1970s casinos started operating in the bantustans (the nominally independent areas called homelands) of Bophuthatswana, Ciskei, Transkei and Venda. Only native South Africans lived there and most citizens couldn't access those gaming establishments. By 1995 an estimated 2000 illegal casinos were believed to be operating within the country. In 1994, when the new democratic government

neg: Gambling in South Africa Gambling in South Africa Gambling in South Africa has been heavily restricted since 1673, with South Africa's Gambling Act of 1965 officially banning all forms of gambling except betting on horse racing which existed as a sporting activity. In the late 1970s casinos started operating in the bantustans (the nominally independent areas called homelands) of Bophuthatswana, Ciskei, Transkei and Venda. Only native South Africans lived there and most citizens couldn't access those gaming establishments. By 1995 an estimated 2000 illegal casinos were believed to be operating within the country. In 1994, when the new democratic government came to power, all

neg: Twilight Struggle control that is adjacent to the enemy superpower. Players may also get additional victory point bonuses: Europe, Asia and the Middle East scoring cards are in play from the start of the game, whereas Africa and South and Central America are not added to the deck until Mid-Game. There is also a single (one-off) scoring card for South-East Asia, which is shuffled into the deck at the start of Turn 4, corresponding roughly to the time of the Vietnam War. If a player uses a card to attempt to advance in the Space Race, the event on the card does

neg: Mbombela Stadium challenge and reinstated with a market related price. To make way for a replacement school, a wetland in Nelspruit was bulldozed, but no environmental impact assessment was done before the wetland was destroyed. On 16 May 2010, the stadium was officially opened with an international friendly match between South Africa and Thailand. South Africa won 4–0, leading 3–0 at half time. The stadium was again used by South Africa when they beat Niger 2–0 on 4 September 2010, in a 2012 Africa Cup of Nations qualifier. On 14 November 2010, the stadium hosted its first Premier Soccer League match. Wits

neg: History of rugby union matches between New Zealand and South Africa History of rugby union matches between New Zealand and South Africa New Zealand (the All Blacks) and South Africa (the Springboks) have been playing test match rugby union since 1921 when the All Blacks beat the Springboks in Dunedin 13 - 5. There is considerable history behind these matches, much of it off the field. In 1981, there were protests in New Zealand over the Springboks coming to New Zealand due to the then South African government's policy of apartheid. Up until the start of the professional era, South Africa had won 21 tests to New Zealand's 18. In the

neg: Bromus tectorum Bromus tectorum Bromus tectorum, known as drooping brome or cheatgrass, is a winter annual grass native to Europe, southwestern Asia, and northern Africa, but has become invasive in many other areas. It now is present in most of Europe, southern Russia, Japan, South Africa, Australia, New Zealand, Iceland, Greenland, North America and Asia. In the eastern US "B. tectorum" is common along roadsides and as a crop weed, but usually does not dominate an ecosystem. It has become a dominant species in the Intermountain West and parts of Canada, and displays especially invasive behavior in the sagebrush steppe ecosystems where

neg: Haemanthus coccineus widespread throughout the winter rainfall region in Southern Africa - from the southern parts of Namibia, to South Africa in the Cape Peninsula, to the Keiskamma River in the Eastern Cape. It is found in Renosterveld and Fynbos habitats. It is an adaptable species, growing in a wide range of soils derived from sandstones, quartzites, granites, shales and limestones. It will survive annual rainfall ranging from . The plant adapts to a wide range of altitudes, being found from coastal dunes to high mountains. It is hardy down to about but does not survive freezing temperatures for any length of

neg: History of rugby union matches between New Zealand and South Africa 50 matches since the start of the professional era, New Zealand have won 36 tests to South Africa's 14. Since 2004 New Zealand and South Africa have contested the Freedom Cup, it has been included as part of the Rugby Championship since 2006. If the annual series is drawn, the winner is decided through aggregate. History of rugby union matches between New Zealand and South Africa New Zealand (the All Blacks) and South Africa (the Springboks) have been playing test match rugby union since 1921 when the All Blacks beat the Springboks in Dunedin 13 - 5. There is considerable

neg: 2010 Liga de Fútbol Profesional Boliviano season by the 2009 Copa Simón Bolívar champion Guabirá, who last played in the LFPB in 2008. The Campeonato Apertura (officially the Campeonato Apertura Entel for sponsorship reasons) is the first championship of this season. The championship began on February 20 and is scheduled to end June 9, two days before the start of the 2010 FIFA World Cup at South Africa. Standings Results Standings Results The Second Phase began on May 8. Standings Results Standings Results The Torneo de Invierno (officially the Torneo de Invierno Entel for sponsorship reasons) will be played in the middle of this season, concurrent to

neg: South Africa Academy cricket team in Pakistan in 2005–06 before being bowled out nine balls short of the 50 over limit. South Africa got off to a poor start when Irshad had Williamson bowled for a two-ball duck in the first over, but Francois du Plessis and Ryan Canning put them back on track with a fine fifth-wicket partnership worth 80. When that partnership was broken, however, the tourists collapsed, ending on 241 all out. Cricketarchive scorecard South Africa Academy won by 4 runs (D/L method) In a match reduced by rain, the South African Academy came back to record their first victory of the tour in the final

neg: Jacques Kallis as South Africa chased down 414, the second-highest fourth-innings run-chase in Test history.<ref name="South Africa in Australia Test Series - 1st Test - 2008/09">"South Africa in Australia Test Series – 1st Test – 2008/09", Cricinfo, accessed 11 November 2009</ref> In the second Test in Melbourne starting on Boxing Day, Kallis struggled to be potent in Australia's first innings, taking 1/55. While making a start in his team's first dig, he managed only 26, before taking 2/57 when the home-side batted again. Chasing just 183, Kallis was not required to bat, as South Africa completed their first Test series victory in

neg: German South West African Mark were demonetized also. At the beginning of the First World War, it was decided to produce cash-coupon banknotes thereafter; this occurred until the occupation by South Africa in 1915 officially replaced the Mark with the pound. The Windhoek Chamber of Commerce issued "Gutscheine" (vouchers) denominated in Pfennig and Mark between 1916 and 1918. When after the beginning of the First World War when the cash-coupon banknotes began to be used, were denominated into five denominations, of 5, 10, 20, 50, and 100 marks. Banknotes of German South West Africa German South West African Mark The Mark was the currency of

neg: Women's soccer in South Africa Women's soccer in South Africa Women's football in South Africa was started in the 1960s and gained popularity in the 1990s, when the first national women's team was formed. South African women's soccer started in 1960 during the Apartheid era. Orlando Pirates Women's Football Club and Mother City Girls were among the first women's soccer clubs formed in 1962. Sanlam National Women's Football League was set up in the late 1990s with the goal of increasing the number of women in soccer administration and a second season was played in 2002. South Africa does not have a national women's football

neg: Coventry Four and foreign minister Pik Botha to a meeting at Chequers in an effort to stave off growing international pressure for the imposition of economic sanctions against South Africa, where both the U.S. and Britain had invested heavily. Although not officially on the meeting's agenda, the "Coventry Four" affair clouded both the proceedings at Chequers and Britain's bilateral diplomatic relations with South Africa. In August 1989, British diplomat Patrick Haseldine was dismissed for publicly criticising the UK government in the press over the release of the four suspects. In August 1984, when anti-apartheid activists – threatened with arrest in South Africa

neg: Jaja Wachuku It was during this period that, on the floor of the Nigerian Senate, Wachuku made his famous, prophetic statement that the defeat of apartheid in South Africa "shall flow from the barrels of dialogue and contact, not from the barrels of isolation and guns...". He was later removed from the Foreign Relations Committee because of officially calling for dialogue with South Africa. During the 1990 years, when Nigeria started diplomatic relations with South Africa, most prominent politicians and historians in the country called for an apology to Jaja Wachuku. In 1983, he was re-elected to the Nigerian Senate until the

neg: Scorpions (South Africa) African Police Service in order to subvert investigations into the SA Police and protect corrupt ANC officials. On 23 October 2008, the South African parliament officially abolished the Scorpions. The vote was 252 in favour with 63 against. Preparations were made for the remaining Scorpions members to start work in the Police's Directorate for Priority Crime Investigation (DPCI). This unit is known as the Hawks. Subsequently, the Hawks shut down the probe the Scorpions had been conducting into bribery among Zuma allies in a multibillion-rand arms deal. The South African Constitutional Court ruled that the legislation, which replaced the Scorpions

neg: 2011 Asian Winter Games topping the medal table for the first time. Iran and Kyrgyzstan won their first ever Asian Winter Games medals, Iran in ski orienteering and alpine skiing and Kyrgyzstan in bandy. 8 countries won medals the most ever at an Asian Winter Games. The flame of the Games was officially lit at Kuwait Towers, Kuwait City on January 11, 2011. The relay was officially start in Almaty on January 12, 2011 and span around the cities in Kazakhstan for 16 days before arrive at the opening ceremony on January 30, 2011. "Numbers in parentheses indicate the number of medal events contested

neg: Time in Namibia Time in Namibia Namibia since September 2017 is in the Central Africa Time zone at , congruous with South African Standard Time. The country kept the time regulations of South Africa when it gained independence in 1990. Triggered by fears for children walking to school before sunrise, in 1993 the "Namibian Time Bill" was passed, stipulating the switch to Winter time as one of only a few countries in the world. Only the Zambezi Region in the far north-east remained at UTC+02:00. In the 2010s criticism of Namibian time regulations arose, mainly due to incompatibilities with South Africa, Namibia's main

neg: Drosera cuneifolia small, black, spindle-shaped, and are released from the capsules that form when the flower has died. During summer in South Africa, "D. cuneifolia" oversummers. It is found only near the Table mountain complex in South Africa. Drosera cuneifolia Drosera cuneifolia is a small rosette-forming species of perennial sundew native to the Cape in South Africa. It was first described in 1781. "Drosera cuneifolia" produces green somewhat broad carnivorous leaves, up to long. "D. cuneifolia" can become up to in height without the inflorescence and wide. In early winter, "D. cuneifolia" produces multiple (up to 20), small, pink to reddish-purple flowers

neg: The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints in South Africa had been under the South Africa Mission since the start of LDS meetings there in the 1950s, was made its own mission in 1987. When missionary work began in Madagascar in 1991 it was under the auspices of the Durban Mission, but Madagascar was made its own mission in 1998. Mozambique was under the Johannesburg Mission from the arrival of missionaries there in 1999 until 2005. The Botswana-Namibia Mission currently includes some areas of South Africa. The Church did not translate any literature into Afrikaans until 1972 when "The Book of Mormon" was published in Afrikaans. Felix Mynhardt, a gifted

neg: Winter time (clock lag) winter time since 1994 until 2017. In this period Namibian Standard Time was at Central Africa Time in summer, and (West Africa Time) in winter. Winter time began on the first Sunday in April at 03:00, and lasted until the first Sunday in September, 02:00 hours. In the Zambezi Region in the far north-east of Namibia clocks were not changed and remained on Central Africa Time all year round so that during winter time, Namibia spanned two time zones. The Namibian Standard Time was thus UTC+02:00 (derived from South African Standard Time) in summer, and (equivalent to West Africa Time)

neg: Michael Makase Michael Makase Michael Makase (born 20 January 1990 in Keiskammahoek, South Africa) is a South African rugby union player for the in the Pro14 and the in the Currie Cup and in the Rugby Challenge. He can play as a winger or a fullback. Makase started his career playing amateur rugby for Winter Rose, where he played his rugby until 2013. He was one of several amateur club players brought into the provincial set-up at the start of 2014 after the professional side was declared bankrupt. He was included in their squad for the 2014 Vodacom Cup competition and made

neg: Connor Wilson was the flag bearer for South Africa at the 2018 Winter Olympics Parade of Nations. He is accompanied by Peter Pilz and Sive Speelman and will compete in the Men's Giant Slalom and Men's Slalom tournaments. Connor Wilson Connor Wilson (born in Johannesburg, South Africa on 18 December 1996) is a South African Alpine Skier. He is the sole athlete competing for South Africa at the 2018 Winter Olympics. Wilson was born in Johannesburg, South Africa.He is an Active Club member. Wilson is attending the University of Vermont in veterinary sciences. where he skis with Mount Mansfield Ski Club in

neg: History of cricket in South Africa from 1945–46 to 1970 History of cricket in South Africa from 1945–46 to 1970 This article describes the history of South African cricket from the end of the Second World War in 1945 to the start of South Africa's cricket isolation in 1970. International feeling against South Africa's apartheid policy became stronger and more vociferous as the post-war era developed. Until the mid-1960s, however, the South Africa national cricket team continued to play regularly and without undue difficulty against Australia, England and New Zealand. But matters came to a head in 1968 when the South African government refused to allow a tour by England

neg: Penryn College (South Africa) Penryn College (South Africa) Penryn is a co-educational, English-medium private school situated in Nelspruit, Mpumalanga, South Africa. It is also a global member of Round Square. Penryn was officially founded in 1991 in an Anglican church in Plaston, Mpumalanga. Since then, the college has changed its venue to a large space on the Boschrand Farm. Penryn is named after Penryn, Cornwall. The name Penryn means "Top of the Hill" in the Cornish language. The college is indeed situated on top of a hill. This is often used as a metaphor by Penryn when it refers to itself as the light

neg: Olympic Sliding Centre Innsbruck at the finishing curve occurred during competition, causing temporarily closure of the track until safety measures were introduced. In 1960, Innsbruck was awarded the 1964 Winter Olympics which led to the construction of separate bobsleigh and luge tracks for the games. Track construction began in September 1961 and was officially completed in July 1963 following test runs of both tracks, including twenty injuries during the 1963 FIBT World Championships on the bobsleigh track. Prior to the start of the 1964 Winter Olympics, British luger Kazimierz Kay-Skrzypeski was killed in a training run on the luge course. When Denver, Colorado, in

neg: Durban Iconic Tower 2016, and construction was planned to start in 2018 pending approval, but the tendering process has since been rejected by the Bid Adjudication Committee and thus the project is uncertain. Durban Iconic Tower Durban Iconic Tower, is a proposed multi-billion Rand skyscraper in Durban, KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa. At , if built it would be the tallest building in Africa, exceeding the height of the Jemma Al Djazair, which will be 265m when complete. It would replace the Carlton Centre, which is the tallest in South Africa at 223m. It would also be the tallest structure in South Africa, exceeding the

neg: Mokopane there has been interest displayed by other mining companies to start up, but community resistance around mining remains the main reason for the slow growth in mining. The Mokopane area is one of South Africa's richest agricultural areas, producing wheat, tobacco, cotton, beef, maize, peanuts and citrus. The area around Mokopane is rich in minerals with the mining of platinum, diamonds and granite. Mokopane Mokopane (officially renamed from Potgietersrus in 2003), is a town in the Limpopo province of South Africa. The village Vredenburg was established by the Voortrekkers and renamed Piet Potgietersrust after the slain Voortrekker leader Piet Potgieter.

neg: South Africa at the 2002 Winter Olympics Olympics due to its practice of Apartheid. South Africa was reinstated by the International Olympic Committee in 1991 following the end of Apartheid. They returned to the Olympics for the 1992 Summer Olympics and the 1994 Winter Olympics. These Salt Lake City Olympics were their fourth ever appearance at a Winter Olympics. The 2002 Winter Olympics were held from 8–24 February 2002; a total of 2,399 athletes representing 77 National Olympic Committees took part. The South African delegation to Salt Lake City consisted of a single alpine skier, Alexander Heath. He was selected as the flag bearer for the opening

neg: Haida Eddies Alaskan subpolar gyre. In winter, when the splitting of the current is more south, fresh, warmer waters from river input from the Columbia (47°N) and Fraser (49°N) rivers are transported north. This shift in the North Pacific current location leads to winter currents transporting relatively warmer water poleward from a lower latitude than in the summer. Although the northern branch of the subtropical gyre shifts south in the winter, the subpolar gyre does not shift location, but intensifies in its circulation. This intensification brings a greater volume of water from the south into the subpolar gyre, which again is dependent

neg: Egyptian vulture found up to 2,300 meters a.s.l. European populations migrate south to Africa in winter. Vagrants may occur as far south as in South Africa although they bred in the Transkei region prior to 1923. They nest mainly on rocky cliffs, sometimes adopting ledges on tall buildings in cities and on large trees. Most Egyptian vultures in the subtropical zone of Europe migrate south to Africa in winter. Like many other large soaring migrants, they avoid making long crossings over water. Italian birds cross over through Sicily and into Tunisia making short sea crossings by passing through the islands of Marettimo

neg: OFM (South Africa) for distribution to children’s homes across Central South Africa just in time for Christmas. Homes in Bloemfontein, Kimberley, Welkom, Vanderbijlpark, Potchefstroom and Klerksdorp benefit from the generosity of the audience. The Winter Warm Up with PEP and Vodacom collects blankets in a bid to keep Central South Africa warm during the cold winter months. In 2012, 18 000 blankets were collected with a total value of R629 100. The Shoprite Checkers OFM Chip 4 Charity celebrates Central South Africa’s love for golfing, calling upon on businesses and government to raise funds for vulnerable children in the region. In 2012 the

neg: Floorball South Africa Floorball South Africa Floorball South Africa (FSA) is the national governing body for the sport of floorball in South Africa. Floorball South Africa is an affiliate member of the International Floorball Federation (IFF). Floorball South Africa became IFF Member number 56 in 2013 and was the third member from Africa following the member associations from Sierra Leone and Mozambique. FSA President, Michael Kliment officially introduced the sport to South Africa after consultations with some hockey players seeking alternative but similar sports. After a meeting with IFF officials, a development plan tailored for FSA was agreed on. Subsequently, Floorball South Africa

neg: Virgin Islands at the 2006 Winter Olympics to a broken wrist suffered in her fifth training run on 12 February. Initially left off the start list entirely, a three-judge panel of the Court of Arbitration for Sport ruled on 17 February 2006 that she should officially be recorded as "Did Not Start". The other female lugers gifted her a signed start number 31, with Michelle Despain of Argentina writing "Thank you for your example, Anne." In the competition, the Germans swept the medals; Sylke Otto won gold; Silke Kraushaar-Pielach took the silver, and Tatjana Hüfner won the bronze. Virgin Islands at the 2006 Winter Olympics The United

neg: Colin Winter the trial began on 25 January 1972. At that time, when he was returning from a meeting in South Africa, Winter found himself sitting next to pastor Richard Wurmbrand on the plane. Wurmbrand had been invited to speak at a series of meetings in Windhoek by a Dutch Reformed minister, Dana Minnaar. Wurmbrand invited Winter to join him in a press conference at the airport, but Winter declined, saying that, though he sympathised with the persecuted Christians in Romania, Christians in Namibia were also being persecuted. At his press conference, Wurmbrand denounced Winter for failing to join him, and the

neg: Theba pisana the snails do not aestivate, but they do climb on plants in dry weather. This snail does not survive serious winter frosts. "Theba pisana" is often associated with two other land snail species "Cochlicella acuta" and "Cernuella virgata", but it can live slightly deeper inside pure sandy habitats, and is usually more common than "Cochlicella acuta". It is one of the most common snails in coastal regions from south Portugal to Greece. In South Africa, a study showed that these snails were most abundant along roadsides; densities decreased dramatically with distance from roads. The snails were observed to be living