query: which is the first nuclear submarine to be designed and built in india

pos: Arihant-class submarine carrying 12 to 16 ballistic missiles. The first submarine was commissioned into the Indian Navy in August 2016. Arihant-class submarine The "Arihant" class (Sanskrit, for "Slayer of Enemies") is a class of nuclear-powered ballistic missile submarines being built for the Indian Navy. They were developed under the "Advanced Technology Vessel" (ATV) project to design and build nuclear-powered submarines. The lead vessel of the class, was launched in 2009 and after extensive sea trials, was confirmed to be commissioned in August 2016. "Arihant" is the first ballistic missile submarine to have been built by a country other than one of the

pos: Indian Navy SSN programme submarines are expected to be constructed in India under the Make in India program. The submarines will be powered by a miniature pressurized water reactor (PWR) being developed by the Bhabha Atomic Research Centre which has already supplied a similar 83 MW miniature reactor for the Arihant-class submarine SSBNs. Indian Navy SSN programme The Government of India approved the construction of six new nuclear powered attack submarines (SSN) in February 2015. These will be designed by the Navy's in-house Directorate of Naval Design and indigenously built in the Shipbuilding Center at Visakhapatnam. Expertise gained in the construction of the Arihant

pos: Arihant-class submarine Arihant-class submarine The "Arihant" class (Sanskrit, for "Slayer of Enemies") is a class of nuclear-powered ballistic missile submarines being built for the Indian Navy. They were developed under the "Advanced Technology Vessel" (ATV) project to design and build nuclear-powered submarines. The lead vessel of the class, was launched in 2009 and after extensive sea trials, was confirmed to be commissioned in August 2016. "Arihant" is the first ballistic missile submarine to have been built by a country other than one of the five permanent members of the United Nations Security Council. In December 1971, during the Indo-Pakistani War of 1971,

pos: K-4 (SLBM) K-4 (SLBM) K-4 is a nuclear capable Intermediate-range submarine-launched ballistic missile under development by Defence Research and Development Organisation of India to arm the Arihant-class submarines. The missile has a maximum range of about 3500 km. The development of the K-4 was undertaken after facing significant difficulties in compacting similarly capable Agni-III to equip INS Arihant which has a limited -diameter hull. K-4 has range comparable to Agni-III with major length reduction from to . The gas-booster designed for K-4 was successfully tested from a submerged pontoon in 2010. The missile is reported to be long with a diameter of

neg: Ballistic missile submarine India. They will be the first nuclear submarines designed and built by India. Ballistic missile submarines differ in purpose from attack submarines and cruise missile submarines; while attack submarines specialize in combat with other vessels (including enemy submarines and merchant shipping), and cruise missile submarines are designed to attack large warships and tactical targets on land, the primary mission of the ballistic missile is nuclear deterrence. They serve as the third leg of the nuclear triad in countries which also operate nuclear-armed land based missiles and aircraft. Accordingly, the mission profile of a ballistic missile submarine concentrates on remaining undetected,

neg: India and weapons of mass destruction triad, which may have been deployed in 2015. The first is a submarine-launched system consisting of at least four 6,000 tonne (nuclear-powered) ballistic missile submarines of the Arihant class. The first vessel, INS "Arihant", has been launched and will complete extensive sea-trials before being commissioned and declared operational. She is the first nuclear-powered submarine to be built by India. A CIA report claimed that Russia provided technological aid to the naval nuclear propulsion program. The submarines will be armed with up to 12 Sagarika (K-15) missiles armed with nuclear warheads. Sagarika is a submarine-launched ballistic missile with a range of

neg: Operation Sunshine (USS Nautilus) was the first nuclear submarine built for the U.S. armed forces. It was designed by Admiral Hyman G. Rickover. Rickover ordered the hull of the boat built at Electric Boat Company in Groton, Connecticut, while the reactor was built and tested in Idaho. "Nautilus" departed from prior submarine design in that it was not designed to be a warship but rather as a symbol for peaceful nuclear energy. It was not enough that the U.S. had just built a nuclear submarine, "Nautilus" had to be tested to show how much more advanced the technology was. Ideas were bounced around including

neg: Pakistan and weapons of mass destruction building a nuclear submarine and is ready to build such a fleet. In February 2012, the Navy announced it would start work on the construction of a nuclear submarine to better meet the Indian Navy's nuclear threat. According to the Navy, the nuclear submarine is an ambitious project, and will be designed and built indigenously. However, the Navy stressed that "the project completion and trials would take anywhere from between 5 to 8 years to build the nuclear submarine after which Pakistan would join the list of countries that has a nuclear submarine." Bibliography and literature Pakistan and weapons of

neg: Indian Navy SSN programme Indian Navy SSN programme The Government of India approved the construction of six new nuclear powered attack submarines (SSN) in February 2015. These will be designed by the Navy's in-house Directorate of Naval Design and indigenously built in the Shipbuilding Center at Visakhapatnam. Expertise gained in the construction of the Arihant class SSBNs will be transferred to the SSN project. Since India is a traditional user of Russian nuclear submarines (with INS Chakra (2011) on lease) the new domestically built submarines would be third class of SSN operated by Indian navy after leased Charlie-class submarine and Akula-class submarines. All six

neg: Steam generator (nuclear power) which is a major undertaking. Most U.S. PWR plants have had steam generators replaced. The nuclear powered steam generator started as a power plant for the first nuclear submarine, the USS "Nautilus" (SSN-571). It was designed and built by the Westinghouse power company for the submarine, from there the company started its development and research of nuclear powered steam generators. Once peaceful nuclear reactors were legalized for use as power plants, power corporations jumped at the opportunity to utilize the growing development of nuclear powered steam generators. Westinghouse built one of the first nuclear power plants, the Yankee Rowe nuclear

neg: TR-1700-class submarine also built in Argentina. The final agreement in 1982 was modified to six TR-1700s, with the last four to be built in Argentina. The TR-1700s to be built in Argentina were considered for an upgrade to a nuclear submarine using INVAP's CAREM reactor, which began development at that time. The nuclear submarine project never came to fruition, despite later attempts to revive it. The submarine was designed by Thyssen and its features include high underwater speed, endurance (for a diesel submarine), and survivability. The boat's four MTU diesel engines, four generators, and Siemens electric motor can propel it at speeds

neg: Arihant-class submarine Technology Vessel" project to design and construct a nuclear submarine took shape in the 1990s. Then Defence Minister George Fernandes confirmed the project in 1998. The initial intent of the project was to design nuclear-powered fast attack submarines, though following nuclear tests conducted by India in 1998 at Pokhran Test Range and the Indian pledge of no first use, the project was re-aligned towards the design of a ballistic missile submarine in order to complete India's nuclear triad. The "Arihant"-class submarines are nuclear powered ballistic missile submarines built under the "Advanced Technology Vessel" (ATV) project. They will be the first

neg: Charlie-class submarine the class was leased to the Indian Navy between 1988 and 1991, mainly for India to gain experience in the operations of a nuclear submarine. All boats were scrapped between 1990 and 1994. Charlie-class submarine The Project 670 "Skat" submarine (NATO classification Charlie class) was a nuclear-powered cruise missile submarine built for the Soviet Navy and later operated by the Russian Navy. All Charlie I/II-class submarines are decommissioned. One Charlie-class submarine was used for testing an Oniks missile. Charlie I and its successor Charlie II-class submarines are designed by the Lazurit Central Design Bureau of Gorky. The Charlie I-class submarine

neg: Nuclear Command Authority (India) Jaguar were originally designed to perform ground attack missions, and would require only modest modification to deliver nuclear weapons. The Indian Air Force also operates several other older and less capable types of ground-attack aircraft which would seem rather less likely candidates for delivering nuclear weapons. The MiG-29, Sukhoi Su-30 MKI and Mirage 2000 were originally designed to perform air-to-air combat missions, though they could potentially be modified to deliver air-dropped nuclear weapons. Plans are also on for the delivery of nuclear weapons via the Arihant class submarine using the SLBM/SLCM Sagarika. India and Pakistan set up their own nuclear

neg: Gotland-class submarine for over 20 systems. Same systems will also be included on the new A26 submarines Gotland-class submarine The "Gotland"-class submarines of the Swedish Navy are modern diesel-electric submarines, which were designed and built by the Kockums shipyard in Sweden. They are the first submarines in the world to feature a Stirling engine air-independent propulsion (AIP) system, which extends their underwater endurance from a few days to weeks. This capability had previously only been available with nuclear-powered submarines. As of 2008, the "Gotland"-class attack submarine is one of the most modern submarines of the Swedish Navy in service, mainly designed for

neg: Polaris (UK nuclear programme) design was suggested by Daniel's superior, Sidney Palmer. The reactor section would be similar to that of "Valiant", which would be joined with a machinery space to the American-designed but mainly British-built missile compartment. The forward section would be of a new design. The boat would have a displacement of , more than twice that of , the Royal Navy's first nuclear-powered submarine. Following British practice, the boats would be identical, with no deviation allowed. The value of this was driven home by a visit to the submarine tender , where the costs of non-standard components were evident. The project

neg: Soviet submarine K-43 the longer term, the lease of "Chakra" reportedly helped India gain first-hand experience in handling a nuclear submarine that helped them build the of nuclear submarines in 2010s. Soviet submarine K-43 K-43 was a nuclear-powered cruise missile submarine operated by the Soviet and Indian navies. It was built between 1964 and 1967 and was commissioned into the Soviet navy on 5 November 1967. It later served as INS "Chakra" in the Indian Navy from 1988 to 1991. It was leased to India on 1 September 1987 and reached its base in Visakhapatnam on 3 February 1988 after a long journey.

neg: Gotland-class submarine Gotland-class submarine The "Gotland"-class submarines of the Swedish Navy are modern diesel-electric submarines, which were designed and built by the Kockums shipyard in Sweden. They are the first submarines in the world to feature a Stirling engine air-independent propulsion (AIP) system, which extends their underwater endurance from a few days to weeks. This capability had previously only been available with nuclear-powered submarines. As of 2008, the "Gotland"-class attack submarine is one of the most modern submarines of the Swedish Navy in service, mainly designed for submarine missions such as antiship/antisubmarine warfare, collecting of intelligence (communications intelligence (COMINT), electronic signals intelligence

neg: USS Triton (SSRN-586) commissioning in 1959, "Triton" was the largest, most powerful, and most expensive submarine ever built, at $109 million excluding the cost of nuclear fuel and reactors ($ in present-day terms). After operating for only two years in her designed role, "Triton"s mission as a radar picket submarine was made obsolete by the introduction of the carrier-based Grumman WF-2 Tracer airborne early warning aircraft. Converted to an attack submarine in 1962, she became the flagship for the Commander, Submarine Forces, U.S. Atlantic Fleet () in 1964. She was decommissioned in 1969, the first U.S. nuclear submarine to be taken out of

neg: Operation Sandblast picket submarine "Triton" ("pictured") was the largest, most powerful, and most expensive submarine ever built at the time of her commissioning, costing $109,000,000 excluding the cost of her nuclear fuel and reactors. A unique submarine, she also had the distinction of being the only non-Soviet submarine to be powered by two nuclear reactors. "Triton"s high speed was derived from her twin-reactor nuclear propulsion plant, with a designed speed, surfaced and submerged, of . On 27 September 1959, "Triton" achieved "well in excess of" during her initial sea trials. As originally designed, "Triton"s total reactor output was rated at , but

neg: Newport News Shipbuilding contracts. In the post-war years NNS built the famous passenger liner , which set a transatlantic speed record that still stands today. In 1954 NNS, Westinghouse and the Navy developed and built a prototype nuclear reactor for a carrier propulsion system. NNS designed the in 1960. In 1959 NNS launched its first nuclear-powered submarine, as well as the ballistic missile submarine . In the 1970s, NNS launched two of the largest tankers ever built in the western hemisphere and also constructed three liquefied natural gas carriers – at over 390,000 deadweight tons, the largest ever built in the United States.

neg: INS Arighat INS Arighat INS "Arighat" is the second . It is the second nuclear-powered ballistic missile submarine being built by India. It is being built under the Advanced Technology Vessel (ATV) project to build nuclear submarines at the Ship Building Centre in Visakhapatnam. "Arighat" will have twice as many missile hatches as its predecessor , so it will be able to carry more missiles. It will also have a more powerful reactor than "Arihant". The submarine was originally assumed to be named INS "Aridhaman, but when launched it was named INS "Arighat. The boat will have one seven-blade propeller powered by

neg: Nuclear triad Agni-V ICBM was also successfully tested beginning April 2012 and is expected to enter service by 2016. The country currently has four types of bombers that are capable of carrying nuclear bombs. Land and air strike capabilities are under the control of Strategic Forces Command which is a part of Nuclear Command Authority. Their inventory of aircraft includes the Mirage 2000h, the Jaguar IS/IB, the MIG-27, and the Rafale, which was purchased from France. India completed its nuclear triad with the commissioning of in August 2016, which was India's first submarine built indigenously. INS "Arihant" is a nuclear-powered ballistic missile

neg: Brazilian Navy Navy is currently developing its first nuclear submarine. The Navy plans to have the Scorpène-class submarines in service in 2017, and their first nuclear-powered submarine commissioned in 2023. In August 2008 the Navy incorporated the corvette , which was designed and built in Brazil at a cost of $263 million. In August 2012 the Navy requested four new ships based on the "Barroso" class but using a stealth design. The PROSUPER program plans to acquire, firstly, five new 6,000-ton frigates, five new offshore patrol vessels and one Logistics Support Vessel. In January 2012 BAE Systems contracted to supply three patrol

neg: K-152 Nerpa accident in November 2008, where they will start "trainings and preparations" aboard "Nerpa". These reports came amid speculations that Russia might lease a newly built nuclear submarine to India. Reports later confirmed that the submarine which suffered the accident was indeed the one which was planned to be leased to India. Indian naval officials said, "Our officials are already in Russia monitoring the submarine project; both during its construction phase and now during the sea trial phase. We are keeping a close watch on the developments." Opinions were divided among analysts about the effect that the accident would have on military

neg: French submarine Narval (Q4) submarines by Laubeuf, built by and for the French Navy, and her double-hull and dual propulsion design, described as "epoch-making" was widely adopted by other French designers and by all major European navies. It set the standard for submarine design throughout the First and Second World Wars remained so until the advent of the teardrop hulled nuclear submarine of the 1950s. French submarine Narval (Q4) French submarine "Narval" (“Narwhal”) was a pioneering vessel of the French Navy, designed by Maxime Laubeuf and built at the end of the 19th century. She was designed in response to a competition set by

neg: Borei-class submarine accommodate the new missile, and the design name was changed to Project 955. The vessels are being built at the Northern Machinebuilding Enterprise (Sevmash) in Severodvinsk, and were designed by the Rubin Marine Equipment Design Bureau (Rubin). Because of the repeated failures during Bulava test launches, some experts suggested that the Borei submarine could instead be armed with R-29RMU Sineva missiles. The Sineva is already in active duty on the Delta IV-class submarine. Advances include a compact and integrated hydrodynamically efficient hull for reduced broadband noise and the first ever use of pump-jet propulsion on a Russian nuclear submarine. The

neg: Alfa-class submarine liquid metals, the nuclear rods became fused with the coolant when the reactor was stopped and conventional methods for disassembling the reactor were unavailable. France's Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives designed and donated special equipment for a dedicated dry-dock (SD-10) in Gremikha, which was used to remove and store the reactors until they could be dismantled. Alfa-class submarine The Soviet/Russian Navy Project 705 ("Лира"/Lira, "Lyre") was a class of hunter/killer nuclear-powered submarines. The class is also known by the NATO reporting name of Alfa. They were the fastest class of military submarines built, with only the prototype

neg: Collins-class submarine will receive an unplanned capability upgrade, including but not limited to: sonar and communications. The "Collins" class will be replaced by the "Future Submarine Program" (SEA 1000) that is scheduled, according to the 2016 Defence White Paper, to begin entering service in the early 2030s with construction extending to 2050. The Future Submarine Program will be based on the Shortfin Barracuda, a nuclear attack submarine designed by French company DCNS; twelve submarines will be acquired, all built in Australia. The proposal for a new type of submarine to replace the "Oberon" class of diesel-electric submarines began in July 1978, when

neg: Type 092 submarine Type 092 submarine The Type 092 (Chinese designation: 09-II; NATO reporting name: Xia class) submarine was the first nuclear-powered ballistic missile submarine (SSBN) deployed by the People's Liberation Army Navy Submarine Force, and the first SSBN designed and built in Asia. The first and only confirmed submarine of its class, boat 406, was laid down in 1978 at Huludao, northeast of Beijing, China. The Type 092 submarine was completed in 1981. She then spent six years being fitted out and conducting tests with its twelve JL-1 missiles, becoming active in 1987. Later, the submarine went through numerous upgrades in incremental

neg: INS Kamorta (P28) INS Kamorta (P28) INS "Kamorta" is the first of four anti-submarine "Kamorta"-class stealth corvettes which has been built for the Indian Navy. It is a significant step towards India's pursuit for self-reliance in indigenous warship building, bringing closer home Indian Navy's quest to be a true Blue-Water Navy with ships and submarines designed and built within the country. She was designed and manufactured by GRSE, launched on 19 April 2010, as part of Project 28, approved in 2003. As in INS "Shivalik", high-grade steel produced in India was utilized for its construction. She was delivered to Navy on 12 July

neg: Groton, Connecticut Ship and Engine Company (NELSECO) as a subsidiary in 1911. NELSECO was the primary engine manufacturer for Electric Boat-designed submarines 1911–1925. In 1931, was laid down as the first submarine built in Groton. During World War II, Electric Boat completed submarines every two weeks. In 1954, Electric Boat launched , the world's first nuclear-powered submarine. Presently, "Nautilus" is decommissioned and open for visitors, permanently berthed at the U.S. Navy Submarine Force Library and Museum. Groton is sometimes referred to as the "Submarine Capital of the World," due to the long-standing history of submarines in the town, and the fact that

neg: Soviet submarine K-43 Soviet submarine K-43 K-43 was a nuclear-powered cruise missile submarine operated by the Soviet and Indian navies. It was built between 1964 and 1967 and was commissioned into the Soviet navy on 5 November 1967. It later served as INS "Chakra" in the Indian Navy from 1988 to 1991. It was leased to India on 1 September 1987 and reached its base in Visakhapatnam on 3 February 1988 after a long journey. The Soviets said that the submarine was transferred for helping train the Indian Navy in operating nuclear submarines. During its service with India, it was partially manned by

neg: Columbia-class submarine Columbia-class submarine The Columbia"-class submarine, formerly known as the Ohio" Replacement Submarine and SSBN-X Future Follow-on Submarine, is an upcoming class of nuclear submarines designed to replace the ballistic missile submarines in the United States Navy. The first submarine is scheduled to begin construction in 2021 and enter service in 2031. The "Columbia"-class is planned to remain in service until 2085. The "Columbia"-class is being designed to replace the UGM-133 Trident II-armed "Ohio"-class ballistic missile submarines, whose remaining boats will be decommissioned, one per year, beginning in 2027. The "Columbia"-class will take over the role of submarine presence in the

neg: Type 092 submarine Type 092 was lost in an accident in 1985. Type 092 submarine The Type 092 (Chinese designation: 09-II; NATO reporting name: Xia class) submarine was the first nuclear-powered ballistic missile submarine (SSBN) deployed by the People's Liberation Army Navy Submarine Force, and the first SSBN designed and built in Asia. The first and only confirmed submarine of its class, boat 406, was laid down in 1978 at Huludao, northeast of Beijing, China. The Type 092 submarine was completed in 1981. She then spent six years being fitted out and conducting tests with its twelve JL-1 missiles, becoming active in 1987.

neg: INS Arighat 2016 she will be launched. In October 2017, it was reported that she would be launched in November or December and would undergo outfitting. The launch took place on 19 November. Harbour trials and sea trials are completed in november 2018. commissioning is expected sometime in 2019. INS Arighat INS "Arighat" is the second . It is the second nuclear-powered ballistic missile submarine being built by India. It is being built under the Advanced Technology Vessel (ATV) project to build nuclear submarines at the Ship Building Centre in Visakhapatnam. "Arighat" will have twice as many missile hatches as its predecessor

neg: Soviet submarine K-131 Soviet submarine K-131 K-131 was a Project 675 (NATO reporting name Echo II-class submarine) of the Soviet Navy's Northern Fleet, she was also redesignated K-192. The Echo II class was a nuclear-powered cruise-missile submarine, which could carry up to eight anti-ship missiles, designed to strike any aircraft carrier-borne nuclear threat. The missiles could be either conventional or nuclear and all eight fired within twenty minutes. The submarine would need to be surfaced and carried an array of electronics, radar and sonar to feed data to the missile while en route to its target. "K-131" also had six torpedo tubes forward

neg: Soviet destroyer Sposobny (1970) Large Anti-Submarine Ships. All surviving ships, including "Sposobny", were again reclassified as guard ships in January 1992. The class was built to replace the Kotlin-class destroyer and Riga-class frigate, which had been rendered obsolete by the advent of guided missiles. It was designed to defend larger warships and transports against low-flying aircraft, cruise missiles, and submarines, though the anti-submarine role ultimately became secondary to its air defense mission. They were the first class of Soviet warships designed to survive a nuclear explosion, and as a result had the main ship control station on the lower deck deep in the hull,

neg: Indira Gandhi Centre for Atomic Research with 55 sub-assemblies for 1732 hours. The facility houses two PHWRs that generate 220MWe each that operate for commercial purposes. These are managed independently by the Nuclear Power Corporation of India. There are three research reactors at IGCAR. In addition, the Research Facility also built the 100MWe reactor for India's first nuclear submarine the Arihant class submarine project and operated it on land for testing purposes since it attained criticality in December 2004. The submarine launched on 26 July 2009 has this reactor. The Kalpakkam Atomic Reprocessing Plant [KARP] facility has been estimated to have a capacity to reprocess 100

neg: Mark 45 torpedo Mark 45 torpedo The Mark 45 anti-submarine torpedo, a.k.a. ASTOR, was a submarine-launched wire-guided nuclear torpedo designed by the United States Navy for use against high-speed, deep-diving, enemy submarines. The -diameter torpedo was fitted with a W34 nuclear warhead. The need to maintain direct control over the warhead meant that a wire connection had to be maintained between the torpedo and submarine until detonation. Wire guidance systems were piggybacked onto this cable, and the torpedo had no homing capability. The design was completed in 1960, and 600 torpedoes were built between 1963 and 1976, when ASTOR was replaced by the

neg: Nuclear triad submarine armed with 12 K-15 missiles with a range of 750 km, which will later be upgraded K-4 missiles with an extended range of 3500 km. In November 2017, it tested the BrahMos missile from the Sukhoi-30 MKI platform. The INS "Arihant" was the first SSBN to be completed under India's program. The is currently under construction and close to completion. This would be the second SSBN of the three underway to be finished. After the INS "Arihant" was completed, India now contained air-launched nuclear missiles, nuclear-missile-armed submarines and strategic aircraft with nuclear bombs and missiles. This allows the country

neg: Charlie-class submarine Charlie-class submarine The Project 670 "Skat" submarine (NATO classification Charlie class) was a nuclear-powered cruise missile submarine built for the Soviet Navy and later operated by the Russian Navy. All Charlie I/II-class submarines are decommissioned. One Charlie-class submarine was used for testing an Oniks missile. Charlie I and its successor Charlie II-class submarines are designed by the Lazurit Central Design Bureau of Gorky. The Charlie I-class submarine (Project 670 "Skat") SSGN was first launched at the Krasnoye Sormovo inland shipyard at Gorkiy in 1967 with another ten following over a period of five years. The Charlie Is had two banks

neg: Ohio-class submarine missile submarines (SSBNs), and four cruise missile submarines (SSGNs). The SSBN submarines are also known as "Trident" submarines, and provide the sea-based leg of the U.S. nuclear triad. Each SSBN submarine is armed with up to 24 Trident II submarine-launched ballistic missiles (SLBM). Each SSGN is capable of carrying 154 Tomahawk cruise missiles, plus a complement of Harpoon missiles to be fired through their torpedo tubes. The "Ohio" class was designed in the 1970s to carry the concurrently-designed Trident submarine-launched ballistic missile. The first eight "Ohio"-class submarines were armed at first with 24 Trident I C4 SLBMs. Beginning with the

neg: HMCS Windsor HMCS Windsor HMCS "Windsor is a long-range hunter-killer (SSK) submarine of the Royal Canadian Navy, the second submarine of the . She is named after the city of Windsor, Ontario. Built for the Royal Navy as the "Upholder"-class submarine HMS "Unicorn (pennant number S43) she was purchased by Canada when the United Kingdom decided to move to an all-nuclear power fleet. As built the "Upholder"/"Victoria" class was designed as a replacement for the for use as hunter-killer and training subs. The submarines, which have a single-skinned, teardrop-shaped hull, displace surfaced and submerged. They are long overall with a beam of

neg: Nuclear navy with the United Kingdom and France fewer than twenty each and China six. The Indian Navy launched their first indigenous "Arihant" class nuclear-powered submarines on 26 July 2009. India is also operating one nuclear attack submarine with talks of leasing one more nuclear submarine from Russia. India plans to build six nuclear attack submarines and follow on to the Arihant class of ballistic missile submarines. The US had several nuclear cruisers. The cruisers were the USS "Bainbridge", USS "California", USS "Long Beach", USS "Truxtun", USS "South Carolina", USS "Virginia", USS "Texas", USS "Mississippi", and USS "Arkansas". "Long Beach" was deemed

neg: Nuclear activities in Brazil (Estratégia Nacional de Defesa), in which it reaffirmed its ambition to develop and master nuclear technology and conclude the nuclear-propulsion submarine. That year, Brazil established a cooperation agreement with France to construct the submarine. Even though the two countries will collaborate on this project, the nuclear reactor for the submarine is excluded from the contract and should be built by the Brazilian Navy on its own. Today, as a non-nuclear-weapon state party to the NPT, Brazil has the right under international norms to manufacture a naval reactor and produce highly enriched uranium to fuel it. While that has not happened

neg: HMS Conqueror (S48) HMS Conqueror (S48) HMS "Conqueror" was a British nuclear-powered fleet submarine which served in the Royal Navy from 1971 to 1990. She was the third submarine of her class, following the earlier and , that were all designed to face the Soviet threat at sea. She was built by Cammell Laird at Birkenhead. "Conqueror" the only nuclear-powered submarine to have engaged an enemy ship with torpedoes, sinking the cruiser "General Belgrano" during the 1982 Falklands War. "Conqueror" was ordered on 9 August 1966 and was laid down at Cammell Laird's Birkenhead shipyard on 5 December 1967; she was launched on

neg: Soviet submarine K-43 can achieve a maximum speed of when surfaced and when submerged. The K-43 could carry up to 8 SS-N-7 Starbright nuclear capable anti-ship cruise missiles. It had six torpedo tubes which could carry 12 torpedoes or 12 SS-N-15 Starfish anti-submarine missiles. In October 1986, the Soviet Politburo declared that they intend to transfer a Charlie-class submarine to India for training purposes. It was the first time a nuclear submarine was ever transferred to any other country. It was decided so as to prove Soviet Union's commitment to strengthening India. But some politicians expressed serious negative consequences due to the transfer.

neg: Zwaardvis-class submarine did supported the Dutch nuclear desire, but added that if the Dutch navy would not succeed in the short term, then two conventional submarines would have to be built. This is exactly what happened eventually with the "Zwaardvis"-class submarines being conventional diesel-electric submarines, with her hull being based on the teardrop design of the last non-nuclear American submarine class, the submarines of the "Barbel"-class. The "Zwaardvis"-class submarines were designed by the Royal Netherlands Navy and further worked out by the four biggest Dutch yards at the time, namely RDM, Wilton-Fijenoord, De Schelde and NDSM, and also by Werkspoor N.V. and

neg: HMS Astute (S119) HMS Astute (S119) HMS "Astute" is an operational nuclear-powered submarine in the Royal Navy, the lead ship of her class. "Astute" is the second submarine of the Royal Navy to be named after the characteristic of shrewdness and discernment—the first was the World War II-era . She was the largest attack submarine in Royal Navy history when commissioned. Built as a successor to the , "Astute" is 50% larger than the T-boats but has a smaller crew. The 7,400-tonne "Astute"s nuclear reactor will not need to be refuelled during the vessel's 25-year service. Since the submarine can purify water and

neg: S1C reactor S1C reactor The S1C reactor was a prototype naval reactor designed for the United States Navy to provide electricity generation and propulsion on warships. The S1C designation stands for: This nuclear reactor was built in Windsor, Connecticut as a prototype for the experimental USS "Tullibee" (SSN-597) submarine, though that boat was in fact powered by a S2C reactor. Unusual for a nuclear submarine propulsion plant, steam turbines powered generators, which in turn powered an electric motor. This eliminated the need for reduction gears and their associated underwater noise. The USS "Tullibee" was an early advanced-design, fast-attack submarine constructed by Electric

neg: S1C reactor very similar to the S5W reactor used in most nuclear-powered submarines at the time. S1C reactor The S1C reactor was a prototype naval reactor designed for the United States Navy to provide electricity generation and propulsion on warships. The S1C designation stands for: This nuclear reactor was built in Windsor, Connecticut as a prototype for the experimental USS "Tullibee" (SSN-597) submarine, though that boat was in fact powered by a S2C reactor. Unusual for a nuclear submarine propulsion plant, steam turbines powered generators, which in turn powered an electric motor. This eliminated the need for reduction gears and their associated

neg: November-class submarine November-class submarine The Project 627 (Russian – проект 627 "Кит" ("Whale"), NATO – November) class submarine was the Soviet Union's first class of nuclear-powered submarines. The North Atlantic Treaty Organization (NATO) used the standard radio communication phonetic alphabet to denote submarine classes. November class was the designation for this initial series of Soviet nuclear-powered torpedo attack submarines, which were in service from 1958 through 1991. All but one have been disposed of, with Submarine K-3, the first nuclear submarine built for the Soviet Navy, possibly being preserved as a memorial. More than 135 Soviet organizations (20 design bureaus, 35 research

neg: INS Kavaratti estimated 1,700 crores. The ship takes its name from the Kavaratti, capital of the Union Territory of Lakshadweep in India. It is the successor ship to the , which was an "Arnala"-class corvette which participated in Operation Trident, and was later decommissioned in 1986. "Kavaratti" has been designed by the Indian Navy’s Directorate of Naval Design as part of Project 28. It is capable of fighting under nuclear, biological and chemical environments. It will be a frontline warship of the Indian Navy with advanced stealth features and a low radar signature that enhances its anti-submarine warfare capability. The ship will

neg: French submarine Gymnote (S655) French submarine Gymnote (S655) "Gymnote" (S655) was an experimental submarine of the French Navy. She was a trials submarine for submarine-launched ballistic missiles (SLBM) and powered by diesel electric engines. She is named in honour of , the world's first all-electric submarine built in France in the late 19th century. The French planned a nuclear propelled submarine in the late 1950s and laid down a hull (no Q244). Because France had not developed uranium enrichment facilities at the time, the planned power plant was to be a heavy water reactor, which could utilize natural uranium. But French engineers were unable

neg: Soviet submarine K-19 Soviet submarine K-19 K-19 was one of the first two Soviet submarines of the Project 658 class (NATO reporting name ), the first generation nuclear submarine equipped with nuclear ballistic missiles, specifically the R-13 SLBM. The boat was hastily built by the Soviets in response to United States' developments in nuclear submarines as part of the arms race. Before it was launched, 10 civilian workers and a sailor died due to accidents and fires. After it was commissioned, it had multiple breakdowns and accidents, several of which threatened to sink the submarine. On its initial voyage on 4 July 1961,

neg: Submarine Soviet Union () as part of the Cold War nuclear deterrent strategy. During the Cold War, the US and the Soviet Union maintained large submarine fleets that engaged in cat-and-mouse games. The Soviet Union lost at least four submarines during this period: was lost in 1968 (a part of which the CIA retrieved from the ocean floor with the Howard Hughes-designed ship "Glomar Explorer"), in 1970, in 1986, and in 1989 (which held a depth record among military submarines—). Many other Soviet subs, such as (the first Soviet nuclear submarine, and the first Soviet sub to reach the North Pole)

neg: Bhabha Atomic Research Centre (and the 1998 tests that followed) gave Indian scientists the technological know-how and confidence not only to develop nuclear fuel for future reactors to be used in power generation and research, but also the capacity to refine the same fuel into weapons-grade fuel to be used in the development of nuclear weapons. It is one of the world's most important ATOMIC RESEARCH CENTRE. BARC also designed and built India's first Pressurised water reactor at Kalpakkam, a 80MW land based prototype of INS Arihant's nuclear power unit, as well as the Arihant's propulsion reactor. India is not a part of the

neg: Soviet submarine K-43 However, the politburo headed by Gorbachev decided that the political benefits outweighs the concerns. The Soviets, during the lease to India, would regularly inspect the submarine and handle the nuclear fuel. The Soviet media stated that the submarine would not carry any nuclear weapons. A new naval base was constructed at Visakhapatnam with the help of the Soviet Union for handling the submarine. An Indian crew reached a training centre at Kirova for a two-year training course. The Indian Ambassador, Nurul Hasan, visited the Indian crew during this time. The submarine was built between 1964 and 1967 and was commissioned

neg: Trident (UK nuclear programme) states with them if nuclear weapons were used against British troops. In April 2017 Defence Secretary Michael Fallon confirmed that the UK would use nuclear weapons in a "pre-emptive initial strike" in "the most extreme circumstances". Fallon stated in a parliamentary answer that the UK has neither a 'first use' or 'no first use' in its nuclear weapon policy so that its adversaries would not know when the UK would launch nuclear strikes. Four "Vanguard"-class submarines were designed and built at Barrow-in-Furness by Vickers Shipbuilding and Engineering, now BAE Systems Submarine Solutions, the only shipbuilder in the UK with the

neg: Depth charge They remained part of the anti-submarine arsenals of many navies during the Cold War. Depth charges have now largely been replaced by anti-submarine homing torpedoes. A depth charge fitted with a nuclear warhead is known as a "nuclear depth bomb". These were designed to be dropped from a patrol plane or deployed by an anti-submarine missile from a surface ship, or another submarine, located a safe distance away. All nuclear anti-submarine weapons were withdrawn from service by the United States, the United Kingdom, France, Russia, and China in or around 1990. They were replaced by conventional weapons whose accuracy and

neg: INS Khanderi (2017) be commissioned by mid-2018. INS Khanderi (2017) INS "Khanderi" (2017) is the second of the Indian Navy's six s being built in India. It is a diesel-electric attack submarine which is designed by French naval defence and energy company DCNS and being manufactured at Mazagon Dock Limited in Mumbai. INS Khanderi, named after Maratha king Chhatrapati Shivaji's island fort Khanderi. The submarine was launched in the presence of Minister of State for Defence Subhash Bhamre, Chief of the Naval Staff Admiral Sunil Lanba and other dignitaries on 12 January 2017. The submarine began its sea trials on 1 June 2017

neg: NATO Submarine Rescue System well as those of Russia and Sweden. In 2013 NSRS achieved a first by conducting a full rescue cycle with the nuclear attack submarine HMS Astute, which was suspended mid-water below large mooring buoys. This success was repeated in April 2015 in the Mediterranean Sea to the French nuclear submarine Rubis. The PLARS comprises a combined SRV catcher and stabilisation system and is designed for operation in high sea states (up to sea state 6). The system is air transportable in C-130 Hercules and the A400M. It uses a constant tension winch system for maintaining hawse tension in a wide

neg: Soviet submarine K-43 a Soviet crew, who reportedly did not allow Indians into the missile room and into the reactor compartment and this is believed to be a reason for the termination of the contract after 3 years. The lease of "Chakra" reportedly helped India gain first-hand experience in handling a nuclear submarine that helped them build the of nuclear submarines. "K-43" had a length of overall, a beam of and a draft of . It displaced surfaced and while submerged. The complement of the submarine was about 100. The boat had one five-blade propeller powered by a VM-5 pressurised water reactor. It

neg: Yu-3 torpedo Yu-3 torpedo The Yu-3 (鱼-3) is a Chinese acoustic homing torpedo designed to be fired from submarines against surface targets. It entered service with the Chinese Navy in 1984. Several sources state that it may be a copy of the Soviet SET-65E, although this seems unlikely as development began in 1965 after the Sino-Soviet split. It is therefore probably the first indigenously developed torpedo in China. When the Chinese nuclear submarine program begun in the early 1960s, the design of torpedoes which would be used on the nuclear submarines was also started in conjunction. A research team was first formed

neg: People's Liberation Army Navy from its army to its navy and other force projection assets. China is constructing a major underground nuclear submarine base near Sanya, Hainan. In December 2007 the first Type 094 submarine was moved to Sanya. The Daily Telegraph on 1 May 2008 reported that tunnels were being built into hillsides which could be capable of hiding up to 20 nuclear submarines from spy satellites. According to the Western news media the base is reportedly to help China project seapower well into the Pacific Ocean area, including challenging United States naval power. During a 2008 interview with the BBC, Major General

neg: Pakistan and weapons of mass destruction variant of the Hatf VII Babur, which is a nuclear-capable ground-launched cruise missile. With a stockpile of plutonium, Pakistan would be able to produce a variety of miniature nuclear warheads which would allow it to nuclear-tip the C-802 and C-803 anti-ship missiles as well as being able to develop nuclear torpedoes, nuclear depth bombs and nuclear naval mines. In response to INS "Arihant", India's first nuclear submarine, the Pakistan Navy pushed forward a proposal to build its own nuclear submarine as a direct response to the Indian nuclear submarine program. Many military experts believe that Pakistan has the capability of

neg: Arihant-class submarine nuclear submarines designed and built by India. The submarines are long with a beam of , a draught of , displacement of and a diving depth of . The complement is about 95, including officers and sailors. The boats are powered by a single seven blade propeller powered by an pressurised water reactor and can achieve a maximum speed of when surfaced and when submerged. The submarines have four launch tubes in their hump and can carry up to 12 K-15 Sagarika missiles with one warhead each (with a range of ) or 4 K-4 missiles (with a range of

neg: USS Nautilus (SSN-571) "Nautilus" after being given the assignment on 31 December 1947 to design a nuclear power plant for a submarine. Nuclear power had the crucial advantage in submarine propulsion because it is a zero-emission process that consumes no air. This design is the basis for nearly all of the US nuclear-powered submarine and surface combat ships, and was adapted by other countries for naval nuclear propulsion. The first actual prototype (for "Nautilus") was constructed and tested by the Argonne National Laboratory in 1953 at the S1W facility, part of the National Reactor Testing Station in Idaho. "Nautilus"' ship's patch was designed

neg: Submarine Cargo Vessel Submarine Cargo Vessel The Submarine Cargo Vessel () is a proposed idea from the Russian Rubin Design Bureau. The idea is to use decommissioned SSBNs ("nuclear-powered ballistic missile submarine") from the Russian Navy to carry cargo under the Arctic Ocean. The reason for this solution is that it would be considerably cheaper than designing and producing an entirely new type of submarine. The basis for the project is a Project 941 "Typhoon" class submarine, which was designed by Rubin in 1976. It would have its ballistic missile launchers removed and replaced with cargo holds, as well as receive extra reinforcement

neg: Skate-class submarine Skate-class submarine The "Skate"-class submarines were the United States Navy's first production run of nuclear-powered submarines. They were an evolution of the in everything except their propulsion plants, which were based on the operational prototype . The four "Skate" class boats re-introduced stern torpedo tubes. Although among the smallest nuclear-powered attack submarines ever built, the "Skate" class served for many years, with the last being decommissioned in 1989. USS "Skate" was the first submarine to surface at the North Pole, on 17 March 1959. "Skate" and "Sargo" were built with the S3W reactor, "Swordfish" and "Seadragon" also had the S3W

neg: Indian Armed Forces in possession of nuclear weapons since 1974. Its most recent nuclear test took place on 11 May 1998, when Operation Shakti (Pokhran-II) was initiated with the detonation of one fusion and three fission bombs. On 13 May 1998, two additional fission devices were detonated. However, India maintains a "no-first use" and a nuclear deterrence policy against nuclear adversaries. Its nuclear doctrine envisages building a credible minimum deterrent for maintaining a "second strike capability" which would be massive and designed to induce unacceptable damage on the enemy. India is one of only four nations in the world to possess a Nuclear

neg: HMS Talent (S92) HMS Talent (S92) HMS "Talent" is the sixth of seven nuclear submarines of the Royal Navy, and was built at Barrow-in-Furness. "Talent" was launched by The Princess Royal in April 1988 and commissioned in May 1990. She was the last nuclear submarine to be launched down a slipway at Barrow-in-Furness.. The boat is affiliated with Shrewsbury in Shropshire. "Talent" is the third submarine of the Royal Navy to bear the name. The first was the World War II "Talent", a T-class submarine transferred to the Royal Netherlands Navy as RNLMS "Zwaardvisch" in 1943. "Talent" is due to move to Her

neg: Nuclear marine propulsion relatively low-enriched uranium which requires more frequent refueling. Others run on highly enriched uranium, varying from 20% U, to the over 96% U found in U.S. submarines, in which the resulting smaller core is quieter in operation (a big advantage to a submarine). Using more-highly enriched fuel also increases the reactor's power density and extends the usable life of the nuclear fuel load, but is more expensive and a greater risk to nuclear proliferation than less-highly enriched fuel. A marine nuclear propulsion plant must be designed to be highly reliable and self-sufficient, requiring minimal maintenance and repairs, which might have

neg: HMS Talent (S92) tower and damage to her outer layer of acoustic tiles. HMS Talent (S92) HMS "Talent" is the sixth of seven nuclear submarines of the Royal Navy, and was built at Barrow-in-Furness. "Talent" was launched by The Princess Royal in April 1988 and commissioned in May 1990. She was the last nuclear submarine to be launched down a slipway at Barrow-in-Furness.. The boat is affiliated with Shrewsbury in Shropshire. "Talent" is the third submarine of the Royal Navy to bear the name. The first was the World War II "Talent", a T-class submarine transferred to the Royal Netherlands Navy as RNLMS

neg: Visakhapatnam Kalinga, INS Samudrika, INS Satavahana, and INS Dega. A new base at INS Rambilli is being built on with an investment of , as the first dedicated submarine base in India. India's first nuclear submarine INS "Arihant" was launched in the Naval Dockyard, and Bharat Dynamics has begun manufacturing torpedoes. Visakhapatnam also has presence of the Indian Coast Guard including ships and offices. Multiple naval training establishments, such as the Navy ShipWright School, are also situated here. The Bhabha Atomic Research Centre (BARC) plans its second research facility in the country (after Trombay) in the area. There are also offices

neg: Barbel-class submarine entirely nuclear-powered submarine fleet. The "Barbel" class' design is considered to be very effective. The of the Netherlands and the of the Republic of China (built and sold by the Netherlands) were developments of the "Barbel" class design. The Japanese and its successors were also influenced by the "Barbel" class. The class overall was a somewhat smaller diesel-powered version of the nuclear submarines, the first of which entered service only three months after "Barbel", having been laid down only 11 days later. Several features of the experimental were used in the "Barbel"-class design, most obviously the fully streamlined "teardrop" hull.

neg: Royal Navy Submarine Museum gallery, step on board the Royal Navy’s first submarine "Holland I" (built in 1901), or wander around the museum exhibits. These submarines may be viewed on site Entitled "From Pirate to Peacekeeper", these include: Royal Navy Submarine Museum The Royal Navy Submarine Museum at Gosport is a maritime museum tracing the international history of submarine development from the age of Alexander the Great to the present day, and particularly the history of the Royal Navy Submarine Service from the navy's first submarine, "Holland 1", to the nuclear-powered "Vanguard"-class submarines. The museum is located close to the former shore establishment HMS

neg: Radar picket expanded combat information center (CIC). In 1956 two large, purpose-built diesel SSRs, the , were commissioned. These were designed for a high surface speed with the intent of scouting in advance of carrier groups. However, the SSRs did not fare well in this mission. Their maximum surfaced speed of 21 knots was too slow to effectively operate with a carrier group, although it was sufficient for amphibious group operations. It was thought that nuclear power would solve this problem. The largest, most capable, and most expensive radar picket submarine was the nuclear-powered , commissioned in 1959. The longest submarine built

neg: Kalvari-class submarine Kalvari-class submarine The "Kalvari" class is a class of diesel-electric attack submarines based on the being built for the Indian Navy. The submarines are designed by French naval defence and energy company DCNS and are being manufactured by Mazagon Dock Limited in Mumbai. In 1997, Indian Ministry of Defence approved a plan to acquire 24 submarines under Project 75. In 1998, India began negotiating with DCN for four Scorpène submarines with two to be built in Mazagon Dock Limited from knocked-down kits. After the Kargil War in 1999, Cabinet Committee on Security approved a 30-year submarine building plan that called

neg: Soviet submarine K-3 Leninsky Komsomol Soviet submarine K-3 Leninsky Komsomol К-3 was a project 627 "Кит" ("kit", meaning "whale"; NATO reporting name "") submarine of the Soviet Navy's Northern Fleet, the first nuclear submarine of the Soviet Union. The vessel was prototyped in wood, with each of five segments scattered between five different locations about Leningrad, including the Astoria Hotel. She was built in Molotovsk, launched on 9 August 1957, commissioned in July 1958, and homeported at Zapadnaya Litsa on the Kola Peninsula. K-3 was designed by Vladimir Peregoudov. Her initial captain was Leonid Osipenko, and the executive officer was Lev Zhiltsov, who had the

neg: United Kingdom and weapons of mass destruction jury found that the cause of Maddison's death was "application of a nerve agent in a non-therapeutic experiment". British nuclear weapons are designed and developed by the UK's Atomic Weapons Establishment. The United Kingdom has four "Vanguard" class submarines armed with nuclear-tipped Trident missiles. The principle of operation is based on maintaining deterrent effect by always having at least one submarine at sea, and was designed during the Cold War period. One submarine is normally undergoing maintenance and the remaining two are in port or on training exercises. Each submarine carries up to sixteen Trident II D-5 missiles, which can

neg: Indian Navy the operational fleet consists of one aircraft carrier, one amphibious transport dock, eight landing ship tanks, 11 destroyers, 13 frigates, one nuclear-powered attack submarine, one ballistic missile submarine, 14 conventionally-powered attack submarines, 22 corvettes, one mine countermeasure vessel, four fleet tankers and various other auxiliary vessels. The maritime history of India dates back to 6,000 years with the birth of art of the navigation and navigating during the Indus Valley Civilisation. A Kutch mariner's log book from 19th century recorded that the first tidal dock India has been built at Lothal around 2300 BC during the Indus Valley Civilisation, near

neg: Kalvari-class submarine delivery of successive boats have been compressed to nine months and the project is expected to be completed by 2020. Kalvari-class submarine The "Kalvari" class is a class of diesel-electric attack submarines based on the being built for the Indian Navy. The submarines are designed by French naval defence and energy company DCNS and are being manufactured by Mazagon Dock Limited in Mumbai. In 1997, Indian Ministry of Defence approved a plan to acquire 24 submarines under Project 75. In 1998, India began negotiating with DCN for four Scorpène submarines with two to be built in Mazagon Dock Limited from

neg: Skipjack-class submarine planes were moved to the massive sail to cut down on flow-induced noise near the bow sonar arrays. They were known as sail planes or fairwater planes. The "Skipjack"s were the first class built with sail planes; they were later backfitted on the "Barbel"s. This design feature would be repeated on all U.S. nuclear submarines until the improved , the first of which was launched in 1988. The small "turtleback" behind the sail was the exhaust piping of the auxiliary diesel generator. The "Skipjack"s also introduced the S5W reactor to U.S. nuclear submarines. It was known as ASFR (Advanced Submarine

neg: Yasen-class submarine aft. The hull is constructed from low-magnetic steel. Unlike previous Russian submarines which have a double hull, Yasen-class submarines mostly have a single hull. The submarine has a crew of about 90, suggesting a high degree of automation in the submarine's different systems. The newest USA attack submarine, the , has a crew of 134 in comparison. Yasen-class submarines will be the first Russian SSNs/SSGNs equipped with a fourth generation nuclear reactor. The reactor (built by Afrikantov OKBM) will allegedly have a 25-30 year core life and will not have to be refueled. Steam turbines were supplied by Kaluga Turbine

neg: Pressurized water reactor to generate the bulk of its electricity. Several hundred PWRs are used for marine propulsion in aircraft carriers, nuclear submarines and ice breakers. In the US, they were originally designed at the Oak Ridge National Laboratory for use as a nuclear submarine power plant with a fully operational submarine power plant located at the Idaho National Engineering Lab. Follow-on work was conducted by Westinghouse Bettis Atomic Power Laboratory. The first purely commercial nuclear power plant at Shippingport Atomic Power Station was originally designed as a pressurized water reactor (although the first power plant connected to the grid was at Obninsk,

neg: Charleston Naval Shipyard once again. By 1951, the shipyard was back to over 8,000 employees. In all, the shipyard activated forty-four vessels and converted twenty-seven for active fleet duty during the Korean War. Submarines continued to be built into the 1960s along with missiles, and nuclear submarine overhauls took place including in 1962. In 1966, the shipyard completed the first refueling of a nuclear submarine, , and began its first overhaul of an Fleet Ballistic Missile (FBM) submarine, . Work began on deepening Dry Dock No. 2 so it could handle the massive FBM submarines and destroyers fitted with sonar." The facility remained

neg: Jaitapur Nuclear Power Project Jaitapur Nuclear Power Project Jaitapur Nuclear Power Project is a proposed nuclear power plant in India. If built, it would be the largest nuclear power generating station in the world by net generation capacity, at 9,900 MW. The power project is proposed by Nuclear Power Corporation of India (NPCIL) and would be built at Madban village of Ratnagiri district in Maharashtra. On 6 December 2010 agreement was signed for the construction of a first set of two third-generation European Pressurized Reactors and the supply of nuclear fuel for 25 years in the presence of French president Nicolas Sarkozy and Indian

neg: USS Triton (SSRN-586) the final authorization for all of the U.S. Navy's first-generation nuclear submarines, but with "Skipjack", it also marked the initial authorization for a second-generation nuclear submarine. Finally, the 1956 program included the three submarines of the diesel-electric "Barbel" class, the last non-nuclear attack submarines to be built for the U.S. Navy. Henceforth, the U.S. Navy submarine service would be a nuclear-powered force. "Triton"s keel was laid down on 29 May 1956 in Groton, Connecticut, by the Electric Boat Division of the General Dynamics Corporation. Her length presented Electric Boat with many problems during her construction. She was so long her

neg: Type 091 submarine 1994, Pakistan eventually backed out from acquiring the submarine when it reportedly went to purchase AIP technology and designs from France. Boat 401 (Long March I) has had its nuclear reactor removed and disposed of. The submarine will be fitted out and serve as a museum exhibit. Type 091 submarine The Type 091 (Chinese designation: 09-I; NATO reporting name: Han class) is a first generation nuclear attack submarine produced by the People's Republic of China. They were the first nuclear-powered submarine employed by the People's Liberation Army Navy Submarine Force, and the first indigenously produced nuclear attack submarines in Asia.

neg: Soviet submarine K-19 was fictional. The submarine did not gain a nickname until the nuclear accident on 4 July 1961, when she was called "Hiroshima". Soviet submarine K-19 K-19 was one of the first two Soviet submarines of the Project 658 class (NATO reporting name ), the first generation nuclear submarine equipped with nuclear ballistic missiles, specifically the R-13 SLBM. The boat was hastily built by the Soviets in response to United States' developments in nuclear submarines as part of the arms race. Before it was launched, 10 civilian workers and a sailor died due to accidents and fires. After it was commissioned,

neg: Sindhughosh-class submarine Sindhughosh-class submarine "Sindhughosh"-class submarines are diesel-electric submarines in active service with the Indian Navy. Their names are in Sanskrit, but in their Roman-alphabet forms sometimes a final short "-a" is dropped. The "Sindhughosh" submarines, designated 877EKM, were designed as part of "Project 877", and built under a contract between Rosvooruzhenie and the Ministry of Defence (India). The submarines have a displacement of 3,000 tonnes, a maximum diving depth of 300 meters, top speed of 18 knots, and are able to operate solo for 45 days with a crew of 53. The final unit was the first to be equipped with

neg: HMS Dreadnought (S101) world's first nuclear-powered submarine. During subsequent exercises with the Royal Navy, "Nautilus" demonstrated the advantages of the nuclear submarine against British anti-submarine forces, which had developed extensive anti-submarine warfare techniques during the Battle of the Atlantic. The Admiralty appreciated the utility of such vessels and under the drive of the First Sea Lord, Admiral The Earl Mountbatten of Burma and the Flag Officer Submarines, Sir Wilfred Woods, plans were formed to build nuclear-powered submarines. Although the plan was to build all-British nuclear submarines, much time would be saved by accepting US nuclear technology. The excellent relations between Admiral Mountbatten and

neg: USS Bergall (SSN-667) is the second submarine to bear the name. The first was built by Electric Boat in 1944. During World War II, SS 320 made five war patrols and sank or damaged over 100,000 tons of enemy shipping. This is the reason for there being five stars on the SSN 667 Ship's Crest. The USS Bergall (SSN 667) was a STURGEON Class, especially designed as an anti-submarine weapon. Her keel was laid on 4 April 1966 and she was launched 17 February 1968. After completion of her sea trials she was commissioned on 13 June 1969. She became the 84th nuclear

neg: History of submarines this period: "K-129" was lost in 1968 (which the CIA attempted to retrieve from the ocean floor with the Howard Hughes-designed ship named Glomar Explorer), "K-8" in 1970, "K -219" in 1986 (subject of the film "Hostile Waters"), and "Komsomolets" (the only Mike class submarine) in 1989 (which held a depth record among the military submarines—1000 m, or 1300 m according to the article K-278). Many other Soviet subs, such as "K-19" (first Soviet nuclear submarine, and first Soviet sub at North Pole) were badly damaged by fire or radiation leaks. The United States lost two nuclear submarines during this

neg: French Barracuda-class submarine a projected AUD$50 billion. Much of the works will be undertaken at ASC Pty Ltd in Adelaide, South Australia. Construction is expected to begin in 2020 or 2021. French Barracuda-class submarine The Barracuda class (or "Suffren" class) is a new nuclear attack submarine, designed by the French shipbuilder DCNS for the French Navy, replacing the s. Construction began in 2007 and the first unit will be commissioned in 2019. Barracudas will use technology from the , including pump-jet propulsion. This class reportedly produces approximately 1/1000 of the detectable noise of the "Redoutable"-class boats (submarines), and they are ten times more

neg: USS Alligator (1862) United States Navy's first submarine. Attribution USS Alligator (1862) The USS Alligator, the fourth United States Navy ship of that name, is the first known U.S. Navy submarine, and was active during the American Civil War. The first American submarine, built during the Revolutionary War, was "Turtle", which the civilian David Bushnell designed and built, and Sergeant Ezra Lee of the Continental Army operated. In the autumn of 1861, the Navy asked the firm of Neafie & Levy to construct a small submersible ship designed by the French engineer Brutus de Villeroi, who also acted as a supervisor during the

neg: Argonne National Laboratory County, Illinois and established a remote location in Idaho, called "Argonne-West," to conduct further nuclear research. In quick succession, the laboratory designed and built Chicago Pile 3 (1944), the world's first heavy-water moderated reactor, and the Experimental Breeder Reactor I (Chicago Pile 4), built in Idaho, which lit a string of four light bulbs with the world's first nuclear-generated electricity in 1951. A complete list of the reactors designed and, in most cases, built and operated by Argonne can be viewed in the, "Reactors Designed by Argonne" page. The knowledge gained from the Argonne experiments conducted with these reactors 1)

neg: Juliett-class submarine Juliett-class submarine The Project 651, known in the West by its NATO reporting name Juliett class, was a class of Soviet diesel-electric submarines armed with cruise missiles. They were designed in the late 1950s to provide the Soviet Navy with a nuclear strike capability against targets along the east coast of the United States and enemy combatants (aircraft carriers). The head of the design team was Abram Samuilovich Kassatsier. They carried four nuclear-capable cruise missiles with a range of approximately 300 miles, which could be launched while the submarine was surfaced and moving less than four knots (7 km/h). Once