query: when was the kingdom of saudi arabia created

pos: History of Saudi Arabia For much of the region's history a patchwork of tribal rulers controlled most of the area. The Al Saud (the Saudi royal family) emerged as minor tribal rulers in Najd in central Arabia. Over the following 150 years, the extent of the Al Saud territory fluctuated. However, between 1902 and 1927, the Al Saud leader, Abdulaziz, carried out a series of wars of conquest which resulted in his establishing the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia in 1930. From 1930 until his death in 1953, Abdulaziz ruled Saudi Arabia as an absolute monarchy. Thereafter six of his sons in succession have reigned

pos: Saudi Arabia–United Kingdom relations had a diplomatic delegation in the country. Saudi Arabia opened its embassy in London in 1930, which was the country's second official foreign affairs body abroad and led by Hafiz Wahbah. Saudi Arabia and the United Kingdom are strategic allies. There are more than 200 joint ventures between British and Saudi Companies, worth $17.5 billion, and some 30,000 British nationals are living and working in Saudi Arabia as well as nearly 100,000 Saudi nationals living in the UK. Saudi Arabia is the United Kingdom's primary trading partner in the Middle East and the United Kingdom is Saudi Arabia’s most closest

pos: Ministry of Foreign Affairs (Saudi Arabia) Ministry of Foreign Affairs (Saudi Arabia) The Ministry of Foreign Affairs ( "Wizārat al-Khārijīyah") is the ministry responsible for handling the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia's external relations. The ministry oversees "political, cultural and financial international relations" and monitors the Kingdom's diplomatic relations. It was created in 1930 by a royal decree issued by King Abdulaziz Al Saud, being the first ministerial body created by the King. At the ministry, the Salafi interpretation of Islam is also dominant as in other governmental bodies and it is used as an alternative foreign policy tool that projects Saudi power across the Muslim world.

neg: Council of Political and Security Affairs (Saudi Arabia) Council of Political and Security Affairs (Saudi Arabia) The Council of Political and Security Affairs of Saudi Arabia is one of two Subcabinets of the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia, the other being the Council of Economic and Development Affairs. It is led by its Chairman Mohammad bin Salman. The Council is composed of the head of Intelligence and nine ministers. All members of the Council are appointed by royal decree. It was established by King Salman to replace the National Security Council in January 2015. The Council was created to support the policymaking mechanisms of the kingdom. Upon announcing the

neg: Jordan–Saudi Arabia relations Jordan–Saudi Arabia relations Jordan – Saudi Arabia relations are the relations between the Hashemite Kingdom of Jordan and the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia. Jordan and Saudi Arabia are both Sunni monarchies. Jordan, along with Morocco, the only other non-Gulf monarchy in the Arab World, has been invited to join the Gulf Cooperation Council, an organization of Gulf Monarchies. Historically, the Hashemite dynasty came to Jordan from the Hijaz which is now called Saudi Arabia. The Hashemites ruled Mecca from the 10th century until 1924, when the area was invaded by the House of Saud in the Saudi conquest of Hejaz.

neg: Ajlan & Brothers in Saudi Arabia, UAE, Bahrain, Qatar and Kuwait. The company owns a proprietary sales network, and distributors and agents in Saudi Arabia sell the products to Yemen, Syria, Jordan, Libya and Egypt. Ajlan & Brothers created 45 branch and 200 wholesale points in Saudi Arabia and the Arab States of the Persian Gulf, which counted in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia and the Persian Gulf. Ajlan & Brothers owns several commercial trademarks in the Kingdom including: Alsami (yashmagh & ghuttra), Progeh (yashmagh, ghuttra & underwear), Botchiny (yashmagh & ghuttra), Renaih (yashmagh & ghuttra), Biyajeh (yashmagh & ghuttra), Abdulatif Alattar (ghuttra),

neg: Jazan Economic City Jazan Economic City Jazan Economic City () is an economic city in the Jizan Province of the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia, with a focus on the energy and manufacturing industries. Arab News reported in January 2011 that when the city is completed, an estimated 500,000 new jobs will be created. The Province of Jazan lies in the south west section of the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia. It has a population of approximately 1.2 million and covers an area of 40,000 km including some 5,000 villages and cities. Jizan, is home to the Port of Jizan, Saudi Arabia’s third most important

neg: Legal system of Saudi Arabia In the areas of land and energy law the extensive proprietorial rights of the Saudi state (in effect, the Saudi royal family) constitute a significant feature. The current Saudi court system was created by King Abdul Aziz, who founded the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia in 1932, and was introduced to the country in stages between 1927 and 1960. It comprises general and summary Sharia courts, with some administrative tribunals to deal with disputes on specific modern regulations. Trials in Saudi Arabia are bench trials. Courts in Saudi Arabia observe few formalities and the country's first criminal procedure code, issued in

neg: Ministry of Finance (Saudi Arabia) Accommodation centers in the Kingdom. • Border crossings with their headquarters and residential cities. Photos: • Photos Ministry of Finance (Saudi Arabia) The Ministry of Finance () of Saudi Arabia is the principal body for controlling state expenditure in Saudi Arabia. It is currently led by Mohammed Al-Jadaan. The ministry was named as the ministry of finance and national economy until 2003 when the ministry of economy and planning was established and the national economy planning was transferred from it to the latter. History of the Ministry of Finance • Historical background: When instructions were issued by the Kingdom of

neg: Jordan–Saudi Arabia relations and limited involvement in the Saudi-led intervention in Yemen, and growing Jordanian ties with Turkey. Jordan–Saudi Arabia relations Jordan – Saudi Arabia relations are the relations between the Hashemite Kingdom of Jordan and the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia. Jordan and Saudi Arabia are both Sunni monarchies. Jordan, along with Morocco, the only other non-Gulf monarchy in the Arab World, has been invited to join the Gulf Cooperation Council, an organization of Gulf Monarchies. Historically, the Hashemite dynasty came to Jordan from the Hijaz which is now called Saudi Arabia. The Hashemites ruled Mecca from the 10th century until 1924, when

neg: Theatre in Saudi Arabia Theatre in Saudi Arabia The modern Saudi theatre traces its beginnings with the foundation of the current Saudi Arabia state. However, the Hijaz play in Medina was established during the Turkish Ottoman era. A popular theatre, frequently including dance, Arabic Poetry. Theatre activities are still popular today in the kingdom. Saudi theatre has existed in and been produced by several establishments such as schools, universities, governmental sectors, and private sectors. The history of the Theatrical activities in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia back to 1928 when the first play entitled "Dialogue between the ignorant and uneducated" performed in Qassim in

neg: Japan–Saudi Arabia relations the two nations occurred in 1938 when Saudi envoy to the United Kingdom, Hafiz Wahba, visited the Empire of Japan to attend the opening of the Tokyo Mosque. In the following year the Japanese envoy to Egypt, Yokoyama, visited Saudi Arabia and met with Ibn Saud of Saudi Arabia in Riyadh. Both of the monarchs kept feeble ties for the following years; however, the Japanese Attack on Pearl Harbor in December 1941 made the Japan–US relations belligerent and it meant the coming breakdown between the Axis empire and the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia. Finally, in March 1945, the kingdom declared

neg: Prime Minister of Saudi Arabia Prime Minister of Saudi Arabia The Prime Minister of Saudi Arabia is the chair of the Council of Ministers and formal head of government of the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia. Since the reign of King Faisal, the prime minister post has been held by the king. The office was created along with the Council of Ministers on 9 October 1953, by decree of King Saud. Due to unrest within the royal family over his rule, Saud was forced to appoint his half-brother, Crown Prince Faisal, as prime minister. An ongoing power struggle between the two led to Faisal's resignation in

neg: Prime Minister of Saudi Arabia Mohammad, who is his father's top aide. Since the time of the coup, the Kingship and the prime ministership have been one and the same. Prime Minister of Saudi Arabia The Prime Minister of Saudi Arabia is the chair of the Council of Ministers and formal head of government of the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia. Since the reign of King Faisal, the prime minister post has been held by the king. The office was created along with the Council of Ministers on 9 October 1953, by decree of King Saud. Due to unrest within the royal family over his rule,

neg: Women's football in Saudi Arabia Women's football in Saudi Arabia The national federation was created in 1956 and became a FIFA affiliate in 1956. However women's football is not included in the country's FIFA coordinated Goals! project. By 2011, inside the Saudi Arabia Football Federation, there has been an effort to create women's football programs at universities. Input had been sought on how to do this from other national federations including ones from the United States, Germany, Brazil and the United Kingdom. On the men's side of the game, the national federation has funded efforts to improve the quality of the Saudi Arabia men's national

neg: Saudi Arabia–United Kingdom relations Saudi Arabia–United Kingdom relations According to the British government, the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland and the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia have long been close allies. The origins of these relations date back to the time of the First World War, when Ibn Saud signed the 1915 Treaty of Darin with the British government, thereby accepting the status of a British protectorate. On 20 May 1927, the British government and the Kingdom of Nejd concluded the Treaty of Jeddah, a further agreement. The United Kingdom was among the first states that recognised the country in 1926 and

neg: Embassy of the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia, Tehran Embassy of the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia, Tehran The Embassy of the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia in Tehran () was the diplomatic mission of Saudi Arabia in Iran until January 2016. Direct bilateral diplomatic relations between the two governments were severed following the mob attack and sacking of the embassy in January 2016. Prior to January 2016, the mission was headed by Hasan Ibrahm Hamad Al-Zoyed, ambassador of the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia in Tehran. After the execution of Nimr al-Nimr, a prominent Shiite cleric, in January 2016 by the Saudi government, an angry Iranian mob attacked the Embassy in

neg: Saudi Arabia the Council of Ministers approved a law that gives the Saudi Commission for Tourism and National Heritage the means to protect Saudi Arabia's ancient relics and historic sites. Within the framework of the 2016 National Transformation Program, also known as Saudi Vision 2030, the kingdom allocated 900 million euros to preserve its historical and cultural heritage. Saudi Arabia also participates in the International Alliance for the Protection of Heritage in Conflict Areas (ALIPH), created in March 2017, with a contribution of 18.5 million euros. In 2017 Crown Prince Mohammad bin Salman promised to return Saudi Arabia to the “moderate Islam”

neg: Oman–Saudi Arabia relations of Qatar by Saudi Arabia and its allies. Oman–Saudi Arabia relations Oman–Saudi Arabia relations refers to the current and historical relations between Sultanate of Oman and Kingdom of Saudi Arabia. Oman has an embassy in Riyadh and a consulate in Jeddah, whilst Saudi Arabia has an embassy in Muscat. Two nations have a long historical relationship between two states. Both are members of the Gulf Cooperation Council and mainly adhere to Islam, Oman follows Ibadi Islam while Saudi Arabia follows sunni Islam. Both being gulf states, make them strong allies, however, Oman has a more lenient approach when it comes

neg: Unification of Saudi Arabia Unification of Saudi Arabia The unification of Saudi Arabia was a military and political campaign, by which the various tribes, sheikhdoms, city-states, emirates, and kingdoms of most of the Arabian Peninsula were conquered by the House of Saud, or "Al Saud", between 1902 and 1932, when the modern-day Kingdom of Saudi Arabia was proclaimed under the leadership of Ibn Saud, creating what is sometimes referred to as the "Third Saudi State", to differentiate it from the Emirate of Diriyah, the "First Saudi State" and the Emirate of Nejd, the "Second Saudi State", also House of Saud states. The Al-Saud had

neg: Saudi Arabia–United Kingdom relations forces are faithfully met. The UK's Ministry of Defence also runs the Saudi Arabia National Guard Communications Project, which aims to improve the communication capabilities of Saudi Arabia's National Guard. The UK also runs a British Military Mission to the Saudi Arabian National Guard. In 2013, a UK parliamentary committee report was published, examining the UK's relationship with Saudi Arabia. The Saudi ambassador to the UK warned of negative consequences for bilateral relations when the parliamentary enquiry was announced in 2012. MPs on the foreign affairs committee also asked the government to "assess" the supply of weapons by Saudi Arabia

neg: Culture of Saudi Arabia non-wedders. Observers have described Saudi Arabian society as deeply religious and deeply conservative. Saudi Arabia is the "only modern Muslim state to have been created by jihad, the only one to claim the Quran as its constitution", and the only Arab-Muslim country "to have escaped European imperialism." Islam is the state religion of Saudi Arabia The official and dominant form of Islam in the kingdom, and "the predominant feature of Saudi culture" is the austerely puritanical form of Sunni Islam known as Wahhabism. Wahhabism arose in the central region of Najd, the eighteenth century. Proponents call the movement "Salafism", and

neg: The National Energy Services Company Center (SEEC). Tarshid is fully owned by the Public Investment Fund (PIF) in Saudi Arabia and has set targets for implementing energy efficiency projects in buildings and facilities across the Kingdom. The National Energy Services Company The National Energy Services Company (NESCO) branded as Tarshid company was established in March 2017 as a key enabler to advance and improve energy efficiency services and sustainable energy in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia. Tarshid was created out of a true collaborative effort, driven by the Saudi Energy Efficiency Center (SEEC), local authorities, and leading international energy agencies, and was a successful translation

neg: Ministry of Finance (Saudi Arabia) Ministry of Finance (Saudi Arabia) The Ministry of Finance () of Saudi Arabia is the principal body for controlling state expenditure in Saudi Arabia. It is currently led by Mohammed Al-Jadaan. The ministry was named as the ministry of finance and national economy until 2003 when the ministry of economy and planning was established and the national economy planning was transferred from it to the latter. History of the Ministry of Finance • Historical background: When instructions were issued by the Kingdom of Hejaz that financial matters were to be managed by a finance directorate, a single entity in the

neg: Virgin Mobile Saudi Arabia Virgin Mobile Saudi Arabia Virgin Mobile KSA is a telecommunication company operating in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia. The company behind Virgin Mobile Saudi Arabia was formally called the Virgin Mobile Saudi Consortium — a Saudi Arabian company that brings together local, regional and global shareholders and experts in mobile telecommunications. The company is headquartered in Riyadh and has outlets across the kingdom and a member care center in Jeddah. Virgin Mobile Saudi Arabia was awarded a licence by the Communications and Information Technology Commission to operate as a Mobile Virtual Network Operator in April 2014. Virgin Mobile Saudi Consortium

neg: Oman–Saudi Arabia relations Oman–Saudi Arabia relations Oman–Saudi Arabia relations refers to the current and historical relations between Sultanate of Oman and Kingdom of Saudi Arabia. Oman has an embassy in Riyadh and a consulate in Jeddah, whilst Saudi Arabia has an embassy in Muscat. Two nations have a long historical relationship between two states. Both are members of the Gulf Cooperation Council and mainly adhere to Islam, Oman follows Ibadi Islam while Saudi Arabia follows sunni Islam. Both being gulf states, make them strong allies, however, Oman has a more lenient approach when it comes to Iran. The two countries share a long

neg: King Saud University King Saud University King Saud University (KSU, ) is a public university in Riyadh, Saudi Arabia, founded in 1957 by King Saud bin Abdulaziz as Riyadh University, as the first university in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia. The university was created to meet the shortage of skilled workers in Saudi Arabia. It was renamed King Saud University in 1982. The student body of KSU today consists of 40,000 male and female students, 7% of which are international. The female students have their own disciplinary panel, and there is a center supervising the progress of female students, either personally by female

neg: Iraq–Saudi Arabia relations it was reported that the border crossing between Iraq and Saudi Arabia would be reopened. This would be the first time the border was open after approximately 27 years. Iraq–Saudi Arabia relations Iraq–Saudi relations are the relations between the Republic of Iraq and the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia. Under Saddam Hussein, relations were manageable, especially after the Iraq-Iran War began in 1980. These manageable relations were soon quelled at the Gulf War, when Saddam's Iraq invaded Kuwait, leading to international sanctions on Iraq and a significant deterioration in Iraqi-Saudi relations. In 2014 after ISIS invaded Iraq King Abdullah tried to

neg: Arab world was expelled for signing the Camp David Accords (1978). Pan-Arabism has mostly been abandoned as an ideology since the 1980s, and was replaced by Pan-Islamism on one hand, and individual nationalisms on the other. The unification of Saudi Arabia was a 30-year-long military and political campaign, by which the various tribes, sheikhdoms, and emirates of most of the Arabian Peninsula were conquered by the House of Saud, or "Al Saud", between 1902 and 1932, when the modern-day Kingdom of Saudi Arabia was proclaimed. Carried out under the charismatic Abdul Aziz Ibn Saud, this process created what is sometimes referred to

neg: Saudi Arabia men's national ice hockey team final game of the tournament Saudi Arabia won their first ever international game after they defeated Oman 3-1. Saudi Arabia finished third in the four team tournament with the United Arab Emirates winning gold. Saudi Arabia men's national ice hockey team The Saudi Arabian national ice hockey team () is the national ice hockey team of the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia. Saudi Arabia is currently not a member of the IIHF and does not have any governing bodies of ice hockey in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia. Saudi Arabian Nationals first played ice hockey in the early 1990s. Ice hockey

neg: Saudi Arabian General Investment Authority Saudi Arabian General Investment Authority The Saudi Arabian General Investment Authority (SAGIA) is the foreign investment license provider for the Kingdom. It was created by the Saudi Government on 10 April 2000, as part of measures geared towards formalizing the process of economic liberalization. The government body awards investment licensing online and reports to the president of the Supreme Economic Council. SAGIA’s headquarters are located in Riyadh, with three other business centers located in Saudi Arabia: Medina, Dammam and Jeddah. In order to facilitate investment, a larger network of business centers has been announced. Prior to 2000, Saudi Arabia had

neg: King Fahd Causeway King Fahd Causeway The King Fahd Causeway (, "Jisr al-Malik Fahd") is a series of bridges and causeways connecting Saudi Arabia and Bahrain. The idea of constructing the causeway was based on improving the links and bonds between Saudi Arabia and Bahrain. Surveying of the maritime began in 1968, and construction began in 1981 and continued until 1986, when it was officially opened to the public. The idea of building a bridge linking the Kingdom of Bahrain to the Eastern region of the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia had been enticing the two kingdoms for generations. The idea was born out

neg: Kingdom of the Unjust motivated by the amount of weapons bought by Saudi Arabia. Then Benjamin considered the human rights in Saudi Arabia for women. Realizing something about the country was wrong, she decided to inform Americans about Saudi Arabia's connections with the United States. She wrote "Kingdom of the Unjust", hoping to change the political dimension. How Saudi Arabia gains its power and how it influences the world are two important goals addressed by the writer. "Kingdom of the Unjust – Behind the US-Saudi Connection" is a collection of reliable information about the Saudi Arabia political system and its relationship with the United

neg: Saudi Arabia men's national ice hockey team Saudi Arabia men's national ice hockey team The Saudi Arabian national ice hockey team () is the national ice hockey team of the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia. Saudi Arabia is currently not a member of the IIHF and does not have any governing bodies of ice hockey in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia. Saudi Arabian Nationals first played ice hockey in the early 1990s. Ice hockey was played in Riyadh at the Fal Shopping Center Ice Rink. A rink 1/3 the size of a standard North American sized ice rink. In 1994 five Saudis were part of a team consisting

neg: National Society for Human Rights and it is working to open a fifth branch in Aljouf. The Society initially consisted of 41 founding members, six of whom are women. In March 2004, several citizens of the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia established the National Society for Human Rights based on the following aims: The Embassy of Saudi Arabia in Washington, D.C. described the NSHR as the "first independent human rights organization in Saudi Arabia". Human Rights First Society was created two years earlier, in 2002, and denied a licence to exist formally. The objectives of the Society are as follows: The bodies of the Society includes:

neg: Iraq–Saudi Arabia relations Iraq–Saudi Arabia relations Iraq–Saudi relations are the relations between the Republic of Iraq and the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia. Under Saddam Hussein, relations were manageable, especially after the Iraq-Iran War began in 1980. These manageable relations were soon quelled at the Gulf War, when Saddam's Iraq invaded Kuwait, leading to international sanctions on Iraq and a significant deterioration in Iraqi-Saudi relations. In 2014 after ISIS invaded Iraq King Abdullah tried to revive relations between Iraq and Saudi Arabia by setting up an embassy there for the first time since the Gulf War. King Abdullah also attempted to increase Iraqi-Saudi relations

neg: Pakistan–Saudi Arabia relations Arabia with its defense needs. The "BBC" claimed in 2013 that Saudi Arabia has invested in Pakistan's nuclear weapons projects. Both Pakistan and Saudi Arabia publicly denied the report. The kingdom has often tried to woo Pakistan by giving it gifts and loans, often these are gifts with symbolic religious value, for example in 2014 it gifted Pakistan 200 tonnes of dates. Pakistani commandos ended the Grand Mosque Seizure in 1979, and restored Saudi administration over the Masjid al-Haram. Pakistan's previous prime minister, Nawaz Sharif, enjoys exceptionally close ties with senior members of the Saudi royal family. When Sharif was

neg: Egypt–Saudi Arabia relations Egypt–Saudi Arabia relations Egypt–Saudi Arabia relations are the relations between the Arab Republic of Egypt and the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia. Historically, they could also be considered as extending several centuries back to the relations between earlier regimes in Egypt – the highly autonomous Egypt Eyalet in the Ottoman Empire and the Kingdom of Egypt – and the earlier manifestations of Saudi/Wahhabi power in the Arabian Peninsula (Emirate of Diriyah). Saudi Arabia and Egypt are both highly influential countries in the Arab world, with Egypt being the most populous Arab country and Saudi Arabia being a member of the G20.

neg: Saudi Arabia–Turkey relations the Ottoman Sultan in 1517 following the Ottoman conquest of Egypt, placing the holy cities of Mecca and Medina under Ottoman Protection until the Arab revolt in 1916 when Sharif Hussayn of Mecca expelled them with the aid of Britain. Also, the Ottomans had conflicts with House of Saud, the first Saudi state which resulted to the Ottoman–Wahhabi war. Many Saudi leaders were executed in Istanbul or killed during the war. Relations between Turkey and Saudi Arabia began in 1932, after the creation of the new Kingdom of Saudi Arabia. In October 2014, Saudi Arabia successfully campaigned against a Turkish

neg: Saudi Arabia–United States relations the Saudi-led coalition airstrike on a school bus in Yemen, which killed 51 people, including 40 children. Saudi Arabia–United States relations Saudi Arabia–United States relations refers to the bilateral relations between the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia and the United States of America. It is a Special Relationship, which began in 1933 when full diplomatic relations were established. Despite the differences between the two countries—an ultraconservative Islamic absolute monarchy, and a secular, constitutional republic—the two countries have been allies. Former Presidents George W. Bush and Barack Obama have close and strong relations with senior members of the Saudi Royal Family. Ever

neg: Postage stamps and postal history of Saudi Arabia 1926 and a number of other series were issued up until 1932. The first stamps marked "Saudi Arabia" were issued on 1 January 1934. Regular issues have continued up to the present time, mostly on subjects relevant to life in Saudi Arabia and including a number of long-running definitive series. Postage stamps and postal history of Saudi Arabia This is a survey of the postage stamps and postal history of Saudi Arabia, formerly known as the Kingdom of Hejaz and Nejd until 22 September 1932. The Kingdom of Hejaz and Nejd had been separate countries until the mid-1920s. Saudi Arabia

neg: Turks in Saudi Arabia Saudi Kingdom. Starting in the 1970s, economic relations between Turkey and Saudi Arabia grew. In 1977, there was 6,500 Turks in Saudi Arabia, 5,000 of which were officially reported workers. There are some 2,100 Turkish-operated hairdresser shops, 3,200 restaurants, and 1,900 furniture stores in Saudi Arabia. Turkish people living in Saudi Arabia are Sunni Muslims. Turkish laborers returning from Riyadh seem to be less likely to espouse Shariah (Islamic law) than those living in European countries. Turks in Saudi Arabia Turks in Saudi Arabia () are either Turkish people who live in Saudi Arabia even though having been born outside

neg: Embassy of the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia, Tehran Tehran. The embassy was set on fire by an Iranian mob with a Molotov cocktail. The embassy was empty during the protests. Iranian police responded to the riot and arrested 40 people during the incident. The day after, protests were held again by hundreds of Iranians in Tehran, and President Rouhani called the damage on embassy "by no means justifiable". Embassy of the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia, Tehran The Embassy of the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia in Tehran () was the diplomatic mission of Saudi Arabia in Iran until January 2016. Direct bilateral diplomatic relations between the two governments were

neg: Russia–Saudi Arabia relations exchange for Russian assistance in ending the Iranian military presence in Syria. Russia has remained neutral in the dispute between Saudi Arabia and Qatar, offering to mediate in July 2017. In August 2018, Russia backed Saudi Arabia in its dispute with Canada. Russia–Saudi Arabia relations Russia–Saudi Arabia relations () () is the bilateral relationship between Russia and the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia. The two countries are referred to as the two petroleum superpowers and account for about a quarter of the world's crude oil production between them. The first country to establish full diplomatic relations with the Kingdom of Hejaz

neg: Algeria–Saudi Arabia relations Algeria–Saudi Arabia relations Algeria–Saudi Arabia relations refer to diplomatic and economic relations between the People's Democratic Republic of Algeria and Kingdom of Saudi Arabia. Both countries are, respectively, the first and second largest Arab states although Algeria is an African country while Saudi Arabia is a Middle Eastern country. Despite this, Algeria and Saudi Arabia have been heavily differed from each other, as Algeria hasn't supported Saudi Arabia in majority of issues, while Saudi Arabia has often enjoyed closer tie with Algeria's rival Morocco, a fellow monarch like Saudi Arabia. Algeria has consulate general in Jeddah, Saudi Arabia, while Saudi

neg: Committee for the Promotion of Virtue and the Prevention of Vice (Saudi Arabia) the "crime" was not committed in Saudi Arabia. Mutaween suppression of religious activity by non-Muslims in Saudi Arabia is also controversial. "Asia News" alleges that "at least one million" Roman Catholics in the kingdom are being "denied pastoral care ... none of them can participate in mass while they are in Saudi Arabia ... Catechism for their children – nearly 100,000 – is banned." It reports the arrest of a Catholic priest for saying mass. On 5 April 2006 a Catholic priest, "Fr. George [Joshua] had just celebrated mass in a private house when seven religious policemen (muttawa) broke into

neg: Saudi Arabia–United States relations considerably more pro-American, after Al-Qaeda linked groups staged attacks inside Saudi Arabia.) The proposal at the Defense Policy Board to `take Saudi out of Arabia` was spread as the secret US plan for the kingdom. In October 2001, The "Wall Street Journal" reported that Crown Prince Abdullah sent a critical letter to U.S. President George W. Bush on August 29: "A time comes when peoples and nations part. We are at a crossroads. It is time for the United States and Saudi Arabia to look at their separate interests. Those governments that don't feel the pulse of their people and

neg: Shia Islam in Saudi Arabia Shia Islam in Saudi Arabia The government does not conduct census on religion and ethnicity but some sources estimated the percentage of Shiites in Saudi Arabia from 15% to 20% of approximately 20 million natives of Saudi Arabia. The modern Kingdom of Saudi Arabia was formed in 1932 by the House of Saud, who are followers of a retroperspective movement within Sunni Islam known as Wahhabism or "the Wahhabite mission". Followers of the Wahhabite mission—who dominate religious institutions, courts and education of the kingdom—believe that "Muslims should return to the interpretation of Islam found in the classical texts, the Quran

neg: Algeria–Saudi Arabia relations party during the Qatar crisis. Saudi Arabia established the Saudi Fund for Development in Algeria. There is also the Algerian-Saudi joint committee which organizes meetings between two countries. Between 1987 and the invasion of Kuwait in 1990 Algeria enjoyed financial support of Saudi Arabia. As of 2012 Saudi Arabia had investments in Algeria in pharmacological, cement, mineral, paper and chemical fields which amounted SR3.5 billion. It was SR3 billion, equal to $856 million, in 2011. Algeria–Saudi Arabia relations Algeria–Saudi Arabia relations refer to diplomatic and economic relations between the People's Democratic Republic of Algeria and Kingdom of Saudi Arabia. Both

neg: Saudi Arabia–United States relations Saudi Arabia–United States relations Saudi Arabia–United States relations refers to the bilateral relations between the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia and the United States of America. It is a Special Relationship, which began in 1933 when full diplomatic relations were established. Despite the differences between the two countries—an ultraconservative Islamic absolute monarchy, and a secular, constitutional republic—the two countries have been allies. Former Presidents George W. Bush and Barack Obama have close and strong relations with senior members of the Saudi Royal Family. Ever since the modern USSaudi relationship began in 1945, the United States has been willing to overlook many

neg: Japan–Saudi Arabia relations 3 May, “the Cup of Japanese Ambassador” of Karate was jointly organized by the Embassy of Japan in Saudi Arabia and the Karate Federation in Saudi Arabia. A trophy and medals were awarded to the winners by H.E. Mr. Shigeru Endo，Ambassador of Japan to the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia. With the attendance of Mr. Ibrahim Abdulrahman, Vice President of Saudi Arabian Karate Federation, Mr. Humud bin Saud, Secretary General of Saudi Arabian Karate Federation and many Saudi people, this championship contributed to promoting the sports exchanges between Japan and Saudi Arabia.Embassy's Highlights 2012 Japan–Saudi Arabia relations Japan–Saudi Arabia relations (,

neg: Philippines–Saudi Arabia relations compared to the previous year's trade figure amounting to $2.7 billion. As of June 2013, there are about 674,000 Filipinos working in Saudi Arabia according to the Saudi Ministry of Interior. A landmark agreement on Filipino household service workers were signed between Saudi Arabia and the Philippines. The agreement was the first for Saudi Arabia with a labor-supplying country. In 2012, about 150,000 Filipino female nurses are working in Saudi Arabia. This accounts for 25 percent of the total number of Overseas Filipino Workers in the Kingdom. Philippines–Saudi Arabia relations The Philippines–Saudi Arabia relations () refers to the bilateral relations

neg: Saudi Arabian–Iraqi neutral zone the mandate for Iraq, and the Kingdom of Nejd, which later became Saudi Arabia (when combined with the Kingdom of Hejaz). The treaty specifically avoided defining boundaries. Following further negotiations, the Protocol of Uqair (Uqayr), 2 December 1922, defined most of the borders between them and created the neutral zone. No military or permanent buildings were to be built in or near the neutral zone and the nomads of both countries were to have unimpeded access to its pastures and wells. Administrative division of the zone was achieved in 1975, and a border treaty concluded in 1981. For unknown reasons,

neg: HSBC Saudi Arabia It employs more than 300 employees. The bank is a component on the Tadawul Exchange. HSBC Saudi Arabia HSBC Saudi Arabia Limited is a joint venture between The Saudi British Bank (SABB) and HSBC Holdings plc, established in 2005, as a limited liability company headquartered in Riyadh, Saudi Arabia with a share capital of SAR 50 million (US$13.33 million). It is the first full-service, independent investment bank to be established in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia and serves as HSBC’s investment banking arm in the Kingdom. HSBC Holdings of Britain holds a 49% stake in the joint venture with SABB

neg: HSBC Saudi Arabia HSBC Saudi Arabia HSBC Saudi Arabia Limited is a joint venture between The Saudi British Bank (SABB) and HSBC Holdings plc, established in 2005, as a limited liability company headquartered in Riyadh, Saudi Arabia with a share capital of SAR 50 million (US$13.33 million). It is the first full-service, independent investment bank to be established in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia and serves as HSBC’s investment banking arm in the Kingdom. HSBC Holdings of Britain holds a 49% stake in the joint venture with SABB holding 51%. The bank provide services in corporate finance, asset management, equity brokerage and security.

neg: Safar al-Hawali al-Qura University, Mecca in 1986. During the 1990s, he was arrested for a period of time by the Saudi authorities for his criticism of the government when he distributed sermons on cassette tapes to incite militants to overthrow the government. Along with another preacher Salman al-Ouda, al-Hawali is said to have led the "Sahwa movement" (Awakening movement) in Saudi Arabia, a form of Qutbism. Safar al-Hawali was one of the leaders of The Committee for the Defense of Legitimate Rights (CDLR) that was a Saudi dissident group created in 1993 and was the first ever opposition organization in the Kingdom

neg: Russia–Saudi Arabia relations Russia–Saudi Arabia relations Russia–Saudi Arabia relations () () is the bilateral relationship between Russia and the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia. The two countries are referred to as the two petroleum superpowers and account for about a quarter of the world's crude oil production between them. The first country to establish full diplomatic relations with the Kingdom of Hejaz and Nejd (the name of the Saudi state until 1932) was the Soviet Union. The relations began in 1926 as a means for Moscow to stand up to the UK. The first Consul General was Karim Khakimov, a Soviet Muslim of Tatar

neg: General Authority for Entertainment (Saudi Arabia) General Authority for Entertainment (Saudi Arabia) The General Authority for Entertainment (GEA) was created on May 7, 2016 by royal decree in Saudi Arabia. The GEA is responsible for the nation’s expanding entertainment sector. On May 7, 2016, King Salman Bin Abdulaziz Al Saud of Saudi Arabia announced a royal decree which included 67 announcements. Among the restructured and renamed councils, the General Authority for Entertainment was created. The General Authority for Culture was the only other entity to be created as a result of the announcements in the royal decree. The Saudi population spends $22 billion dollars in tourism

neg: Muslim Brotherhood of Egyptian Brethren sought to escape president Gamal Abdel Nasser's clampdown, while (the largely illiterate) Saudi Arabia was looking for teachers—who were also conservative pious Arab Muslims—for its newly created public school system. The Muslim Brotherhood's brand of Islam and Islamic politics differs from the strict Salafi creed, Wahhabiyya, officially held by the state of Saudi Arabia, and MB members "obeyed orders of the ruling family and ulama to not attempt to proselytize or otherwise get involved in religious doctrinal matters within the Kingdom. Nonetheless, the group "methodically ... took control of Saudi Arabia's intellectual life" by publishing books and

neg: Taipei Economic and Cultural Representative Office in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia Taipei Economic and Cultural Representative Office in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia The Taipei Economic and Cultural Representative Office in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia; () (Arabic: مكتب الممثل الإقتصادي والثقافي لتايبيه في المملكة العربية السعودية "Maktab Almumaththil Al'Iiqtasadi Walththaqafi Litayibih fi Almamlakat Alearabiat Alssaeudia") represents the interests of Taiwan in Saudi Arabia in the absence of formal diplomatic relations, functioning as a "de facto" embassy. In addition, it has responsibility for Afghanistan, Djibouti, Ethiopia, Pakistan, Qatar and Sudan. The Office is headed by a Representative, currently Ma Chao-yuan, who was formerly the director-general of Taiwan’s commercial office in Dubai.

neg: Bangladesh–Saudi Arabia relations Bangladesh–Saudi Arabia relations Bangladesh–Saudi Arabia relations had a strained beginning but have grown into a strong relationship between the People's Republic of Bangladesh and the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia. Being a Muslim-majority state, Bangladesh attaches a special importance to its ties with Saudi Arabia, which is the birthplace of Muslim religion. Both nations are members of the Organisation of Islamic Cooperation (OIC) and Saudi Arabia hosts a large proportion of the global Bangladeshi diaspora. In 1971 Saudi Arabia opposed the Bangladesh Liberation war from Pakistan. Saudi Arabia supported the Pakistani regime and opposed calls for the independence of Bangladesh. Saudi

neg: Saudi Arabia Arabia is considered a regional and middle power. In addition to the GCC, it is an active member of the Organisation of Islamic Cooperation and OPEC. Following the unification of the Hejaz and Nejd kingdoms, the new state was named "al-Mamlakah al-ʻArabīyah as-Suʻūdīyah" (a transliteration of in Arabic) by royal decree on 23 September 1932 by its founder, Abdulaziz Al Saud (Ibn Saud). Although this is normally translated as "the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia" in English, it literally means "the Saudi Arab kingdom", or "the Arab Saudi Kingdom". The word "Saudi" is derived from the element "as-Suʻūdīyah" in the Arabic

neg: Saudi Arabia latest data for the year 2016 from the World Bank. Infant mortality in 2016 was 11.1 per 1,000. In the same year, 69.7% of the adult population was overweight and 35.5% was obese. Saudi Arabia Saudi Arabia (, ; '), officially the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia (KSA; ', ), is a country in Western Asia constituting the bulk of the Arabian Peninsula. With a land area of approximately , Saudi Arabia is the largest sovereign state in the Middle East, geographically the fifth-largest in Asia, second-largest in the Arab world after Algeria and 12th-largest in the world. Saudi Arabia is

neg: Saudi Arabia–Thailand relations rivalry between Iran and Saudi Arabia, wherein the Saudi kingdom finds Iran’s growing influence in Thailand a disadvantage to its relations with Thailand". Saudi Arabia–Thailand relations Saudi Arabia–Thailand relations () refers to the current and historical relations between Saudi Arabia and Thailand. Saudi Arabia has an embassy in Bangkok and Thailand has an embassy in Riyadh but representation is at the chargé d'affaires rather than ambassadorial level. However Saudi Arabia and Thailand aim to restore the relations between their two nations. Relations between the two countries were established in 1957 and hundreds of thousands of Thais went to Saudi Arabia

neg: Saudi Arabian–led intervention in Yemen 70 per cent were boys. Of the casualties, 60 per cent (510 deaths and 667 injuries) were attributed to the Saudi Arabia-led coalition." On 8 October 2016, airstrikes by Saudi led coalition force kill 140 people and injuring 500 persons in one of the single worst death tolls in the two-year war. There are coalitions between Saudi Arabia and his allies in the subject. Also, the United Kingdom is under pressure for exporting Lucrative Arms and weapons to Saudi Arabia. On 2 August 2018, The New York Times reported that at least 30 people have killed when the Saudi led

neg: Economy of Saudi Arabia on expat workers. The government is also forcing small-business owners to hire Saudi nationals at comparatively higher wages than the foreign workers. Gaining money from large foreign direct investments is also not working in the favor of the government. Rich Saudis are reluctant to invest within the kingdom due to the fear of triggering government scrutiny. Saudi Arabia has one stock exchange, the Tadawul, whose financial markets are regulated by the Capital Market Authority. The stock market capitalisation of listed companies in Saudi Arabia was valued at $646 billion in 2005 by the World Bank. The Kingdom of Saudi Arabia

neg: Taipei Economic and Cultural Representative Office in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia There is also an Office in Jeddah. Until 1990, Taiwan had diplomatic relations with Saudi Arabia, and was represented by the Embassy of the Republic of China in Riyadh. There was also a Consulate-General of the Republic of China in Jeddah. However, in that year, Saudi Arabia recognised the People's Republic of China. Its counterpart in Taiwan is the Saudi Arabian Trade Office in Taipei. Both offices were set up in 1991, following the signing of a secret memorandum six months after the severing of diplomatic relations. Taipei Economic and Cultural Representative Office in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia The

neg: Ministry of Foreign Affairs (Saudi Arabia) monumental styles of Islamic architecture. Larsen received the Aga Khan Award for Architecture in 1989 for his work on the building. Built in 1984, building consists of meeting, conference and prayer rooms, a library and a banquet hall. Externally, the building appears as a fortress that was carved out of a single piece of stone. Ministry of Foreign Affairs (Saudi Arabia) The Ministry of Foreign Affairs ( "Wizārat al-Khārijīyah") is the ministry responsible for handling the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia's external relations. The ministry oversees "political, cultural and financial international relations" and monitors the Kingdom's diplomatic relations. It was created

neg: Iran–Saudi Arabia relations to the establishment of multinational Islamic institutions, including the Organization of the Islamic World Congress, the Muslim World League, and the Organization of the Islamic Conference. In 1968, Saudi Arabia and Iran signed a demarcation agreement. When the United Kingdom announced to withdraw and vacate from the Persian Gulf in the late 1960s, Iran and Saudi Arabia took the primary responsibility for peace and security in the region. In the late 1960s, the Shah sent a series of letters to King Faisal, urging him to modernize Saudi Arabia, saying, "Please, my brother, modernize. Open up your country. Make the schools

neg: Saudi Arabia–Tunisia relations unhappiness towards Saudi Arabia's decision to grant Ben Ali's asylum and has demanded the Saudi Government to extradite back to Tunisia for trials. Saudi Arabia–Tunisia relations Saudi Arabia–Tunisia relations refers to the bilateral relations between Saudi Arabia and Tunisia. Two countries share historical commons, as both are majority Sunni Muslims and their Arabic cultural heritages. Despite of this, Saudi Arabia and Tunisia nonetheless have political differences. Saudi Arabia is a conservative Kingdom while Tunisia is a liberal Republic. However, two countries have engaged in larger cooperations in order to exert Saudi influence. Saudi Arabia has en embassy in Tunis, whilst

neg: Sufi–Salafi relations in a Washington Post article. As of 2006 Sufi gatherings are legal in the Kingdom. Traditionally, Islam in Somalia has followed moderate Sufism (as well as Ash’ariyah theology and Shafi’i jurisprudence). Salafi theology has arrived in Somalia in recent decades via the influence of students educated at Islamic universities in Saudi Arabia and migrant workers returning from Saudi. Somali students of religion educated in Saudi Arabia, were often employed by the many Saudi institutions created to preach "the right theology" (i.e. Salafi theology) and received "massive economic and technical assistance" from their well-funded former hosts. Extreme versions of Salafism such

neg: Response of Saudi Arabia to ISIL created a television series titled "Security of the Kingdom" designed to combat ISIL propaganda while promoting the Saudi perspective on security issues, aiming to foster patriotism. Television figure Mohsin Shaikh Al Hassan stated that he wanted to be "initially concentrating on children in kindergarten" in order to "teach them to love their own country". The connection between ISIL's campaigns and hard-line Islam more generally in nations such as Saudi Arabia has brought commentary from a variety of journalists and columnists. For example, CNN reporter Elise Labott has asked Kerry about Saudi state support for an arch-conservative version of Islam in

neg: Saudi Arabia–Thailand relations of relation status, Saudi Arabia and Thailand have high trade between two nations (further look in →Economic Relations). Saudi Arabia and Thailand still work together diplomatically as the dispute is between the generals who overthrow the governments at most times. In recent Saudi Arabia and Thailand have shown intent to repair the relations between the two kingdoms. The Kingdom of Thailand and the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia have long and historic relations. The two Kingdoms have enjoyed warm and cordial relationships even before the establishment of formal diplomatic ties on 1 October 1957 with resident representative in their respective capitals.

neg: Kuwait–Saudi Arabia relations Kuwait–Saudi Arabia relations Kuwait–Saudi Arabia relations are the relations between the State of Kuwait and the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia. Both are members of the Gulf Cooperation Council. Historically there was a Saudi–Kuwaiti neutral zone inhabited by coastal fishermen; however, with the discovery of oil, the countries agreed to divide the territory, and reached an agreement in 1969. In 1990, following the Iraqi invasion of Kuwait, Saudi Arabia participated in the Gulf War to expel Iraqi forces from the country. Although Kuwait and Saudi Arabia are allies and cooperate within OPEC and the GCC, Riyadh disputes Kuwait's ownership of the

neg: Kuwait–Saudi Arabia relations Qaruh and Umm al Maradim islands. Kuwait–Saudi Arabia relations Kuwait–Saudi Arabia relations are the relations between the State of Kuwait and the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia. Both are members of the Gulf Cooperation Council. Historically there was a Saudi–Kuwaiti neutral zone inhabited by coastal fishermen; however, with the discovery of oil, the countries agreed to divide the territory, and reached an agreement in 1969. In 1990, following the Iraqi invasion of Kuwait, Saudi Arabia participated in the Gulf War to expel Iraqi forces from the country. Although Kuwait and Saudi Arabia are allies and cooperate within OPEC and the GCC,

neg: 2016 Saudi Arabia mass execution 2016 Saudi Arabia mass execution On January 2, 2016, the kingdom of Saudi Arabia carried out a mass execution of 47 imprisoned civilians convicted for terrorism in 12 provinces in the country. Forty-three were beheaded and four were executed by firing squads. Among the 47 people killed was Shia Sheikh Nimr al-Nimr. The execution was the largest carried out in the kingdom since 1980. Nimr al-Nimr was sentenced to death by the Specialized Criminal Court on 15 October 2014 for "seeking 'foreign meddling' in [Saudi Arabia], 'disobeying' its rulers and taking up arms against the security forces". His execution was

neg: Saudi Arabia–Ukraine relations General Assembly Resolution 68/262 Saudi Arabia voted in favor of "territorial integrity of Ukraine" and strongly supports Ukraine. Began the relationship between Saudi Arabia and the Republic of Ukraine in 1992, when the Kingdom has recognized the Republic of Ukraine to be the basis for the start of diplomatic relations between the two countries, and this was after the signing of the Protocol on the establishment of diplomatic relations between the two countries on 18/4/1993 m. According to Article VIII of this Convention, the Committee held a joint Ukrainian Arabia to date the first of three meetings in 2004, and

neg: Qatar–Saudi Arabia relations $745 million. The canal is set to physically separate Qatar from its only land border and effectually render it an island. Media outlets in Saudi Arabia hinted at the possibility of the Saudi government dedicating portions of the canal towards a military installation and a dump site for nuclear waste. Qatar–Saudi Arabia relations Saudi Arabia–Qatar relations refers to the current and historical relationship between the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia and the State of Qatar. Prior to the 20th century, the two countries maintained cordial ties. Qatar was mainly subservient to Saudi Arabia in matters relating to foreign policy. Hamad bin

neg: France–Saudi Arabia relations of arms to Saudi Arabia (after the United States and United Kingdom) and has potential to outgrow both in many fields. In Wednesday, 24 June 2015 Saudi Arabia and France agreed to sign $12 billion of deals, French Foreign Minister Laurent Fabius said that the ten contracts include 23 Airbus H145 helicopters worth $500 million. Meanwhile, Reuters reported that the Saudi defense ministry was also discussing the price for a contract for French naval patrol boats, built by DCNS. In 2015 France signed a 10B$ arms deal with Saudi Arabia to supply 30 patrol boats. France–Saudi Arabia relations France–Saudi Arabia

neg: Bangladesh–Saudi Arabia relations populous Muslim countries, Bangladesh is a major source of Hajj pilgrims. Saudi Arabia has become a major source of financing and economic aid to Bangladesh. On August 2014 Saudi Arabia banned Bangladeshi women from marrying Saudi nationals. Bangladesh–Saudi Arabia relations Bangladesh–Saudi Arabia relations had a strained beginning but have grown into a strong relationship between the People's Republic of Bangladesh and the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia. Being a Muslim-majority state, Bangladesh attaches a special importance to its ties with Saudi Arabia, which is the birthplace of Muslim religion. Both nations are members of the Organisation of Islamic Cooperation (OIC) and

neg: Nuclear program of Saudi Arabia that the kingdom might consider producing nuclear weapons if it found itself between the atomic arsenals of Iran and Israel. In 2012, it was confirmed that Saudi Arabia would launch its own nuclear weapons program immediately if Iran successfully developed nuclear weapons. In such an eventuality, Saudi Arabia would start work on a new ballistic missile platform, purchase nuclear warheads from overseas and aim to source uranium to develop weapons-grade material. Officials in the U.S. alliance believe Saudi Arabia and Pakistan have an understanding in which Islamabad would supply the kingdom with warheads if security in the Persian Gulf was

neg: Canada–Saudi Arabia relations Canada–Saudi Arabia relations Canadian–Saudi relations are the relations between Canada and the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia. The two share robust economic ties, with Saudi Arabia representing Canada's second largest trading partner in the Middle East, a relation that was bolstered in February 2014 with the purchase of C$15 billion worth of Canadian arms by Saudi Arabia. Until August 2018, there were over 16,000 Saudi students on government scholarships in Canada. Relations between the two have gradually soured after a diplomatic row which was sparked by the Canadian government's call for the immediate release of blogger Raif Badawi and his sister

neg: Saudi Arabia–Tunisia relations Saudi Arabia–Tunisia relations Saudi Arabia–Tunisia relations refers to the bilateral relations between Saudi Arabia and Tunisia. Two countries share historical commons, as both are majority Sunni Muslims and their Arabic cultural heritages. Despite of this, Saudi Arabia and Tunisia nonetheless have political differences. Saudi Arabia is a conservative Kingdom while Tunisia is a liberal Republic. However, two countries have engaged in larger cooperations in order to exert Saudi influence. Saudi Arabia has en embassy in Tunis, whilst Tunisia maintains embassy in Riyadh and a consulate in Jeddah. The Arab conquest at 7th century had brought Tunisia into an Islamic sphere.

neg: Saudi National Day family of Saud. For some, it is also an opportunity to learn about the work of the King Abdulaziz, who changed the name of Arabia to his family name, and what he did to establish his family dominance over Arabia. Therefore, some celebrations are held in his memory. Saudi National Day Saudi National Day () is celebrated in Saudi Arabia on every 23 September to commemorate the renaming of the Kingdom of Nejd and Hejaz to the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia by a royal decree from King Abdul Aziz Ibn Saud in 1932. It is a National Holiday. It should

neg: Embassy of Saudi Arabia, London is situated in Crewe House, a detached mansion designed and constructed by Edward Shepherd in 1730, set in its own grounds in Mayfair. Built in the Georgian style, it is a Grade II* listed building. The house was considerably altered in the late 18th and early 19th-century. Much of its neo-classical interior dates from the early 19th-century, and some of Shepard's original plasterwork ceilings may survive. Embassy of Saudi Arabia, London The Embassy of Saudi Arabia in London (officially the Royal Embassy of Saudi Arabia) () is the diplomatic mission of Saudi Arabia in the United Kingdom. Saudi Arabia also

neg: Qatar–Saudi Arabia relations Qatar–Saudi Arabia relations Saudi Arabia–Qatar relations refers to the current and historical relationship between the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia and the State of Qatar. Prior to the 20th century, the two countries maintained cordial ties. Qatar was mainly subservient to Saudi Arabia in matters relating to foreign policy. Hamad bin Khalifa al-Thani assumption of power saw Qatar reclaim its sovereignty in foreign affairs, often diverging from Saudi Arabia on many geopolitical issues. In 1996, the Qatari government launched Al Jazeera in a bid to consolidate soft power. One of the most watched news stations in the Arab world, Al Jazeera

neg: Saudi Arabia–Taiwan relations office known as the Saudi Arabian Trade Office in Taipei. Similarly, Taiwan maintains a Taipei Economic and Cultural Representative Office in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia in Riyadh. On 27 July 2017, Taiwan suspended its representative office in Jeddah and the task of the office was given to the Riyadh office. Saudi Arabia–Taiwan relations After World War II, the Republic of China (Taiwan) maintained diplomatic relations with only a few Middle Eastern countries, one of which was Saudi Arabia. The Hui Muslim General Ma Bufang was appointed as the first Republic of China ambassador to Saudi Arabia. This was for

neg: Saudi Arabia at the 2016 Summer Olympics Saudi Arabia at the 2016 Summer Olympics Saudi Arabia competed at the 2016 Summer Olympics in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil, from 5 to 21 August 2016. This was the nation's eleventh appearance at the Summer Olympics. Once again, as was the case for the first time in London four years earlier after pressure was brought to bear on the Kingdom, Saudi women were allowed by the Kingdom to participate. The Saudi Arabian Olympic Committee sent a team of eleven athletes, seven men and four women, to compete in five different sports at the Olympics, doubling its female participation after two

neg: Ministry of Finance (Saudi Arabia) & Tax o Public Pension Agency o General Authority of Statistics o Urban Projects Bureau • Ministers: The Ministry of Finance () of Saudi Arabia is the principal body for controlling state expenditure in Saudi Arabia. It is currently led by Mohammed Al-Jadaan. The Ministry owns the Istidama Holding Company, which on April 23, 2018, received the 36.2% stake of the Saudi Binladin Group owned by Bakr bin Laden and his brothers Saleh and Saad. When instructions were issued by the Kingdom of Hejaz that financial matters were to be managed by a finance directorate, a single entity in the

neg: Saudi Arabia in 2006 to $33,500 in 2020. The cities will be spread around Saudi Arabia to promote diversification for each region and their economy, and the cities are projected to contribute $150 billion to the GDP. In addition to petroleum and gas, Saudi also has a significant gold mining sector in the ancient Mahd adh Dhahab region and significant other mineral industries, an agricultural sector (especially in the southwest but not only) based on vegetables, fruits, dates etc. and livestock, and large number of temporary jobs created by the roughly two million annual "hajj" pilgrims. Statistics on poverty in the kingdom

neg: China–Saudi Arabia relations areas such as maintenance and development of nuclear power plants and research reactors, as well as the supply of nuclear fuel components. This agreement is Saudi Arabia's fourth nuclear agreement, following such deals with France, Argentina and South Korea. The agreement was signed at the end of Chinese Premier Wen Jiabao's first trip to Saudi Arabia as part of a six-day tour to the Middle East. China–Saudi Arabia relations China–Saudi Arabia relations (, ) refers to the current and historical bilateral relationship between the People's Republic of China and the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia. The first Sino-Saudi official meeting took

neg: Canada–Saudi Arabia relations were trying to do behind-the-scenes damage control. It is believed that the Canadian government are receiving support from the British, German and Swedish governments through back-channels. Canada–Saudi Arabia relations Canadian–Saudi relations are the relations between Canada and the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia. The two share robust economic ties, with Saudi Arabia representing Canada's second largest trading partner in the Middle East, a relation that was bolstered in February 2014 with the purchase of C$15 billion worth of Canadian arms by Saudi Arabia. Until August 2018, there were over 16,000 Saudi students on government scholarships in Canada. Relations between the two

neg: Saudi Arabia–United Kingdom relations Khashoggi. Hunt said, “It is clearly unacceptable that the full circumstances behind his murder still remain unclear. We encourage the Saudi authorities to cooperate fully with the Turkish investigation into his death, so that we deliver justice for his family and the watching world. The international community remains united in horror and outrage at the brutal murder of Jamal Khashoggi one month ago.” Saudi Arabia–United Kingdom relations According to the British government, the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland and the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia have long been close allies. The origins of these relations date back to

neg: Saudi Arabia Saudi Arabia formerly consisted of mainly four distinct regions: Hejaz, Najd and parts of Eastern Arabia (Al-Ahsa) and Southern Arabia ('Asir). The Kingdom of Saudi Arabia was founded in 1932 by Ibn Saud. He united the four regions into a single state through a series of conquests beginning in 1902 with the capture of Riyadh, the ancestral home of his family, the House of Saud. Saudi Arabia has since been an absolute monarchy, effectively a hereditary dictatorship governed along Islamist lines. The ultraconservative Wahhabi religious movement within Sunni Islam has been called "the predominant feature of Saudi culture", with its

neg: Saudi Arabia–Senegal relations Saudi Arabia–Senegal relations Saudi Arabia–Senegal relations are the current and historical relations between the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia and the Republic of Senegal. Saudi Arabia has an embassy in Dakar while Senegal has an embassy in Riyadh and a consulate in Jeddah. Both being dominated by Sunni Islam, Saudi Arabia and Senegal have developed a strong relationship. Two nations have recently supported each other in diplomatic issues. Since the beginning of Yemeni Civil War, Senegal has participated as part of Saudi-led coalition against the Houthis, a Shia rebel group native to Yemen. Senegal has deployed over 2,100 troops to Saudi

neg: Iran–Saudi Arabia relations Iran–Saudi Arabia relations The Islamic Republic of Iran and the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia have no diplomatic relations following an attack on the Saudi embassy in Tehran in January 2016. Bilateral relations between the countries have been strained over several geo-political issues such as the interpretations of Islam, aspirations for leadership of the Islamic world, oil export policy and relations with the United States and other Western countries. Saudi Arabia is a conservative Sunni absolute monarchy established in 1932, with a tradition of close ties to the United States and the United Kingdom. Modern Iran is a Twelver Shia Islamic

neg: Youth in Saudi Arabia Youth in Saudi Arabia Youth in Saudi Arabia are the citizens of the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia who are between the ages of 15 and 24. In 2015, the estimated population was around twenty-seven million, and 19.11% of the population was between the ages of 15 and 24. Religion impacts the lives of Saudi youth. The government enforces a strict form of Islam called Wahhabism as the national religion that affects the areas of family formation, education and political activism. Islam teaches youth that family should be central to their lives and to respect their parents. Education in Saudi Arabia

neg: Saudi Arabian–Iraqi neutral zone Saudi Arabian–Iraqi neutral zone The Saudi–Iraqi neutral zone was an area of 7,044 km² on the border between Saudi Arabia and Iraq within which the border between the two countries had not been settled. The neutral zone came into existence following the Uqair Protocol of 1922 which defined the border between Iraq and the Sultanate of Nejd (Saudi Arabia's predecessor state). The neutral zone officially ended on 26 December 1981, when Iraq and Saudi Arabia agreed on the partition of the zone. The Treaty of Muhammarah (Khorramshahr), 5 May 1922, forestalled the imminent conflict between the United Kingdom, which held

neg: Human rights in Saudi Arabia Human rights in Saudi Arabia Human rights in Saudi Arabia are intended to be based on the Wahhabi religious laws under absolute rule of the Saudi royal family. The strict regime ruling the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia is consistently ranking among the "worst of the worst" in Freedom House's annual survey of political and civil rights. Qorvis MSLGroup, a US subsidiary of Publicis Groupe, amid the execution of political protesters and opponents, has been working with Saudi Arabia for more than a decade to whitewash its record of human rights abuses. Saudi Arabia is one of approximately thirty countries in

neg: Saudi Arabia v. Nelson Saudi Arabia v. Nelson Saudi Arabia v. Nelson, 507 U.S. 349 (1993), is a United States Supreme Court case in which the Court considered the term "based upon a commercial activity" within the meaning of the first clause of 1605(a)(2) of the Foreign Sovereign Immunities Act of 1976. A U.S. citizen Nelson filed suit against Saudi Arabia for alleged abuse and torture suffered while under arrest in Saudi Arabia. A married couple of United States citizenry filed a tort action against the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia, King Faisal Specialist Hospital in Riyadh owned by the Saudi government, and the hospital’s

neg: Educational technology in Saudi Arabia Educational technology in Saudi Arabia This article describes the history of using educational technology in Saudi Arabia. It highlights the history of using educational technology in Kingdom of Saudi Arabia since the mid-1700s, the beginning, the improvements and the current status. It also describes the rapid increase in using technology in schools, institutes and universities, and presents the attitudes of Saudi people towards this global phenomenon. Education in Saudi Arabia has gone through diverse stages. Regarding the technology emergence in Education in Saudi Arabia, it is displayed below that technology has emerged just recently. The number of the internet users