query: teak is grown in which type of forest

pos: Teak Teak Teak ("Tectona grandis") is a tropical hardwood tree species placed in the flowering plant family Lamiaceae. "Tectona grandis" is a large, deciduous tree that occurs in mixed hardwood forests. It has small, fragrant white flowers and large papery leaves that are often hairy on the lower surface. It is sometimes known as the "Burmese teak". Teak wood has a leather-like smell when it is freshly milled. It is particularly valued for its durability and water resistance, and is used for boat building, exterior construction, veneer, furniture, carving, turnings, and other small wood projects. "Tectona grandis" is native to south

neg: Teak worked, it can cause severe blunting on edged tools because of the presence of silica in the wood. Over time teak can weather to a silvery-grey finish, especially when exposed to sunlight. Teak is used extensively in India to make doors and window frames, furniture, and columns and beams in old type houses. It is resistant to termite attacks and damage caused by other insects. Mature teak fetches a very good price. It is grown extensively by forest departments of different states in forest areas. Leaves of the teak wood tree are used in making Pellakai gatti (jackfruit dumpling), where

neg: Teak the seasonally dry tropics in forestry plantations. The Forest Stewardship Council offers certification of sustainably grown and harvested teak products. Propagation of teak via tissue culture for plantation purposes is commercially viable. Teak plantations were widely established in Equatorial Africa during the Colonial era. These timber resources, as well as the oil reserves, are at the heart of the current (2014) South Sudanese conflict. Much of the world's teak is exported by Indonesia and Myanmar. There is also a rapidly growing plantation grown market in Central America (Costa Rica) and South America. With a depletion of remaining natural hectares of

neg: Teak from UV exposure. The vast majority of commercially harvested teak is grown on teak plantations found in Indonesia and controlled by Perum Perhutani (a state owned forest enterprise) that manages the country's forests. The primary use of teak harvested in Indonesia is in the production of outdoor teak furniture for export. Nilambur in Kerala, India, is also a major producer of teak of fine quality, holds the world's oldest teak plantation. Teak consumption raises a number of environmental concerns, such as the disappearance of rare old-growth teak. However, its popularity has led to growth in sustainable plantation teak production throughout

neg: Mae Yom National Park Mae Yom National Park Mae Yom National Park is a national park in Phrae Province, Thailand. The Yom River flows through the park. The land is mountainous and fertile, and there are naturally grown teak trees. The park is in the mountains of the Phi Pan Nam Range. It includes sections of moist evergreen forest, hill evergreen forest, mixed deciduous forest, and teak forest. The site of the controversial Kaeng Suea Ten Dam on the Yom River, a dam that would destroy large areas of forest, is close to the southern edge of the park area. The park is home

neg: Plantation teak In 1989, the Burmese government changed the country's name to Myanmar, though teak coming from that nation is typically still referred to as "Burmese teak." There exists a common myth that plantation teak exhibits lower densities than timber grown in old-growth forests. However, studies from the USDA and the Forest Research Institute at Dehra Dun, India found no significant relationship between the growth rate of plantation teak and its density. However, to match the wood grain of Burmese teak, some forestry experts recommend a process called slow growth cultivation. By finding regions that closely mimic the precipitation and soil characteristics

neg: Mae Yom National Park to elephant, barking deer, mountain goat, black bear, warthog and hare species. The park offers accommodations. There is also a visitor center and a grocery store. Mae Yom National Park Mae Yom National Park is a national park in Phrae Province, Thailand. The Yom River flows through the park. The land is mountainous and fertile, and there are naturally grown teak trees. The park is in the mountains of the Phi Pan Nam Range. It includes sections of moist evergreen forest, hill evergreen forest, mixed deciduous forest, and teak forest. The site of the controversial Kaeng Suea Ten Dam on

neg: Plantation teak shipping costs and emissions. Since teak can be grown throughout the world's dry-tropical zones, plantations offer a geographically closer source of teak. The Forest Stewardship Council has granted certification to a number of sustainable teak plantations in Latin America. The destruction of Asia's old-growth teak forests along with the known human rights violations in the region have led some to refer to Asiatic teak as "conflict teak." In 1962, the democratic republic called the Union of Burma was overthrown by a military coup a replaced by a military junta, infamous for human rights abuses and using to put down protests.

neg: Reforestation old-growth forest with a plantation is not replacing the old with the same characteristics in the new. In just 20 years, a teak plantation in Costa Rica can produce up to about 400 m³ of wood per hectare. As the natural teak forests of Asia become more scarce or difficult to obtain, the prices commanded by plantation-grown teak grows higher every year. Other species such as mahogany grow more slowly than teak in Tropical America but are also extremely valuable. Faster growers include pine, eucalyptus, and "Gmelina". Reforestation, if several indigenous species are used, can provide other benefits in addition

neg: Ratapani Tiger Reserve (Barrusot lake) are among the major waterbodies adjacent to or inside the sanctuary. The forest of Ratapani is dry deciduous and moist deciduous type, with teak ("Tectona grandis") as the main tree species. About 55% of the area is covered by teak. The remaining mixed forests consist of various dry deciduous species. Bamboo ("Dendrocalamus strictus") overlaps the two aforementioned forest types and covers about one quarter of the forest area. Bhimbetka rock shelters, are located within this tiger reserve.n These rock shelters were inhabited by man hundreds of thousand years ago and some of the rock paintings of the Stone

neg: Gariaband district Gariaband District. The Pairy River originates from the hillocks of SIHAVA which meets Mahanadi at "Rajim", also religiously called as Sontirth Ghat. Gariaband district is a Forest Landscape area. Farming is wide across the district, 49.56% area of farms in the district is irrigated. 50.41% area of district is covered by forest. The Following type of forests are in Gariaband district Teak Forest(Sagon Van) - 0.37% Saal Forest(Saal Van) - 22.66% Mixed forest - 54.51% Other forest - 22.46% Jatmayi Temple - Located in Gariaband, 85 km from Raipur. "Jatmayi Temple" is dedicated to the "Mata Jatmayi" located between the

neg: Teak in Myanmar This method was shifting cultivation or taungya. Taungya is the practice of removing the teak from stretches of forest, burning the remainder, planting teak and other crops in their place and nurturing both together until the teak is mature enough to grow on its own, at which point another section of forest can be started on. This practice meant that the laborers who planted teak and tended crops would be strongly tied to the British colonial authorities, from whom they received salaries. In addition to creating a British presence in the lives of locals, taungya was quickly taken up due

neg: Bidar district "Albizzia", "Azadirachta", and "Pterocarpus". The majority of these plantations are successful. Because of the sustained efforts of the forest department, the forest cover in the district has increased by about 4% as reported by the Hyderabad-based National Remote Sensing Agency. Teak is found mixed with dry deciduous species. Ground cover is scanty and seedlings regeneration is practically absent. Thorny plants occur and tend to increase in proportion with heavy grazing, to which most of the area is subjected. Ground cover is scanty and seedlings regeneration is practically absent. Grazing incidence is heavy. This type of forest is found in Changlair,

neg: Siralkoppa surrounded by forest which has Sandalwood trees, Teak, Rosewood, etc. So here wooden furniture works are very famous. Main agricultural crop grown here is Paddy which indused Rice mills in this area. Also Shiralkoppa is having rich crop of mangoes around. Which include some rare species of mangoes having rich aroma and hence they named as Jeerigi Mavu (Kannada word which means Mangoes having Jeera aroma). Here there is a Pickles industries which is famous in the state by name MN Pickle Industries. The famous Belligavi temple is located just 2 km away from shiralakoppa. Belligavi small historical place, It

neg: Plantation systems such as indentured labor and slavery. Industrial plantations are established to produce a high volume of wood in a short period of time. Plantations are grown by state forestry authorities (for example, the Forestry Commission in Britain) and/or the paper and wood industries and other private landowners (such as Weyerhaeuser, Rayonier and Sierra Pacific Industries in the United States, Asia Pulp & Paper in Indonesia). Christmas trees are often grown on plantations as well. In southern and southeastern Asia, teak plantations have recently replaced the natural forest. Industrial plantations are actively managed for the commercial production of forest products.

neg: Sai Yok National Park along the Khwae Noi. The park also contains numerous caves, the largest of which is Tham Lawa with a length of . This cave complex consists of five large caverns, each containing large stalactites and stalagmites. Another cave system, Tham Daowadueng, is long and was discovered in 1972. Tham Daowadung consists of eight chambers of stalactites and stalagmites. Sai Yok's forest is primarily teak forest. During the Japanese occupation of Thailand, teak trees were felled for use as railway sleepers on the Burma Railway. The teak forest was replanted in 1954. Animal species include elephants, tiger, barking deer, sambar deer,

neg: Teak Museum Teak Museum Teak Museum is located 4 km from Nilambur, a town in the Malappuram district of Kerala, south India. Teak occurs naturally in India with the main teak forests found in Kerala. The museum, a two storey building, is the world's first teak museum and is operated by the Kerala Forest Research Institute. The exhibits include comprehensive information on aspects of the use of teak in their exhibits and articles on the subject. The museum provides extensive information of value historically, artistically and scientifically. The museum was established in 1995 on the campus of the centre of Kerala Forest

neg: Teak in Myanmar century and sped up even more after World War I. Many European timber merchants were able to influence Forest Department policy, which left out native Brumans, who did not enjoy the same connections. The British Forest Department also preferentially awarded contracts to European traders and companies. This meant that most of the valuable teak leases in Burma were sold to outsiders. There was strong Burmese pushback against the international exploitation of teak and its negative effects on locals. This is evidenced by several failed attempts by Burmese politicians to change British forestry policy with respect to teak and other woods.

neg: Proteak region as "conflict teak." Some rumors suggest that teak trees grown on a plantation exhibit lower densities than those grown in Southeast Asia. However, studies conducted by the USDA have found no significant correlation between growth rate and its density. Proteak's most visible product line include cutting boards, butcher blocks, counter tops and other kitchen accessories. The timber used to manufacture these products comes entirely from Proteak's FSC certified plantations. Teak is often used in kitchen applications because of its highly resilient characteristics compared to other hardwoods. Equipped with a naturally high level of oily resins called tectoquinones, teak wood

neg: Kebagusan event is commemorated under the name of the Administrative Village of Jati Padang, which came from the Javanese "jati", "teak", and "padang", "bright", referring to the brightness if the fire when it happened in the teak forest. Kebagusan Kebagusan is administrative village ("kelurahan" in Indonesian) at Pasar Minggu subdistrict, South Jakarta. The border of Kebagusan are : The zip code of this administrative village is 12520. Kebagusan is famous as the residence of former Indonesian president, Megawati Sukarnoputri. Kebagusan area was originally a teak forest. The name "Kebagusan" is said to have come from Nyai Tubagus Latak Lanang, a virtuous

neg: Plantation teak exposed to the elements for long periods of time. Due to the high demand for this timber and the reasonably short growth period of teak trees, sustainable teak production is currently underway on plantations across many dry tropical climates across Costa Rica and Mexico. Given the proper conditions, teak can be grown without artificial fertilizers or irrigation; this is thought to give plantation teak the look and durability of old-growth teak from Southeast Asia. Plantation teak is considered a renewable resource, as it is harvested and managed to produce a sustainable supply. Plantation timber also offers the benefit of reduced

neg: Gir National Park water is not available at a majority of these points, and water scarcity becomes a serious problem (mainly in the eastern part of the sanctuary). Ensuring the availability of water during peak summer is one of the major tasks of the Forest Department staff. More than 400 plant species were recorded in the survey of Gir forest by "Samtapau & Raizada" in 1955. The Botany department of M.S. University of Baroda has revised the count to 507 during their survey. According to the 1964 forest type classification by "Champion & Sheth", the Gir forest falls under "5A/C-1a—very dry teak forest"

neg: Nilambur was laid to rest in the teak garden. "Kannimari", the plantations' oldest teak tree, is another attraction. The plot extends across besides the Chaliyar river at the Aruvakode ferry. On the Nilambur–Gudallur road, away from the town, there's the Teak Museum, a sub-centre of the Kerala Forest Research Institute. The two storeyed building houses "exhibits, articles and details of historic, aesthetic and scientific value", which give information on all aspects of the Teak trees, plantations, and so on. Conolly's Plot (misspelled as Canoli Plot and Canoly's Plot) named after Henry Valentine Conolly is the world's oldest teak plantations. It is

neg: Tropical vegetation broad belt of highland tropical moist broadleaf forest which extends across the basin of the Congo River; Central American tropical forests in Panama and Nicaragua; the seasonal forests that predominate across much the Indian subcontinent, Indochina and in northern Australia: Queensland. Tropical dry broadleaf forests are territories with a forest cover that is not very dense and has often an unkempt, irregular appearance, especially in the dry season. This type of forests often include bamboo and teak as the dominant large tree species, such as in the Phi Pan Nam Range, part of the Central Indochina dry forests. They are

neg: Nadipinayakanahalli for own work interests happens every time resulting in a lot of misunderstandings and fights. The village is surrounded by dry forest towards the east. Eucalyptus, Tamarind, Sandalwood, Teak, Bamboo and other trees are grown. The forest guards patrons the boundary regularly to counter the villagers from cutting the trees, As affordable eucalyptus tree are heavily available. Most of the time smuggling the trees are common because of the increased demand for the eucalyptus tree poles and it's domestic use to build huts, stands etc. Wild animals like Deer, Pigs, Wolf, Jackal, Rabbit and Bear are the natural habitat in

neg: Kanker district it is used as a building material. In the Markatola and in Barchhegondi region aluminium-bearing Sillimanite/Kinite deposits have been identified. Some deposits of gold have been found in Sona Dehi, Michgaon and in certain other regions of Bhanupratappur Tehsil. At present some bauxite-based (aluminium) industries are functional in the district. Most of the forest in Kanker district is of dry deciduous type. In Kanker district Sal, teak and mixed forests are found. Sal forests are found in the eastern part of the district, teak forests are found in the Bhanupratappur region and mixed forests are found in most of the

neg: Teak in Myanmar System reduced the British Empire's dependency on the local Karen people. This method entails dividing an area of forest into thirty sections of roughly equal area, one of which is logged every thirty years. However, to put this system into place, the colonial government needed greater control of the forest than the taungya system entailed. To do so, in 1870, the British government created the first enclosure that prevented natives from cutting teak and other woods. Without locals interfering with teak and other woods, the government was free to enact new forestry policies. By 1879 it had reserved 1,410 square

neg: Teak 5,000 mm of rain per year. Typically, though, the annual rainfall in areas where teak grows averages 1,250-1,650 mm with a 3-5 month dry season. Teak's natural oils make it useful in exposed locations, and make the timber termite and pest resistant. Teak is durable even when not treated with oil or varnish. Timber cut from old teak trees was once believed to be more durable and harder than plantation grown teak. Studies have shown that plantation teak performs on par with old-growth teak in erosion rate, dimensional stability, warping, and surface checking, but is more susceptible to color change

neg: Flora of the Indian epic period According to Hukum Singh Pawar (Pauria) Some writers think that Saka (Scythian) is a Sanskrit word which means Sagwan or Teak ("Tectona grandis"), generally grown in monsoon region, the shape of which and that of its river deltas was like that of teak leaf., and the people popularly known as Sakas used to be the inhabitants of this land. S. M. Ali identifies Shakadvipa with land mass in the south-east of Meru which falls climatically in the monsoon region and teak is its distinctive tree in its natural and artificial vegetation. The Sapta Sindhu, original home of Aryans, in the

neg: Teak Kerala which used to considered as the biggest, has a diameter of only 7.23 meters. The International Teak Information Network (Teaknet) supported by the Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO) Regional office for Asia-Pacific, Bangkok, currently has its offices at the Kerala Forest Research Institute, Peechi, Thrissur, Kerala State in India. Teaknet is an international network of institutions and individuals interested in teak. Teaknet addresses the interests of all the categories of stakeholders related to teak, whether they are growers, traders, researchers or other groups with a profound interest or concerned with teak. From time to time, the organisation formulates action

neg: Kebagusan Kebagusan Kebagusan is administrative village ("kelurahan" in Indonesian) at Pasar Minggu subdistrict, South Jakarta. The border of Kebagusan are : The zip code of this administrative village is 12520. Kebagusan is famous as the residence of former Indonesian president, Megawati Sukarnoputri. Kebagusan area was originally a teak forest. The name "Kebagusan" is said to have come from Nyai Tubagus Latak Lanang, a virtuous woman of Banten known for her beauty. Many men wanted to marry her, but she refused and went into the teak forest to meditate. Later she was killed when fire broke out inside the teak forest. This

neg: Telangana Forest Department Telangana Forest Department Telangana Forest Department() is one of the administrative divisions of the government of Telangana. It is headed by the Principal Chief Conservator of Forests. The primary function of this department is protection, conservation and management of forests in Telangana State. It concerns on the entity of the human beings with the survival of each species in its habitat. Telangana, located strategically in the central region of the Indian sub-continent, has representatives of Indian plant and animal life. The vegetation found in the state is largely of dry deciduous type with a mixture of teak, and species of

neg: Parambikulam Tiger Reserve on the lake, visitors are not allowed to boat by themselves on the reservoir. The "Kannimara Thekku Teak Tree", which is said to be World's largest teak tree, is located at Thoonakkadavu. A variety of accommodation, such as tree-top houses and accommodations inside islands are available, and these needed to be booked in advance. The details are made available at the official website of the reserve. A visitor is expected to contact the information centre of the forest department directly and the forest department have not authorised any private travel agents for taking bookings on behalf of forest department. Safari

neg: Yorubaland locally as "Afara", Entandrophragma or "Sapele", Lophira alata, Triplochiton scleroxylon (or "Obeche"), Khaya grandifoliola (or "African Mahogany") and Symphonia globulifera amongst numerous other species. Some non-native species such as Tectona grandis (Teak) and Gmelina arborea (Pulp wood) have been introduced into the ecosystem and are being extensively grown in several large forest plantations. The ecosystem here forms the major section of the Nigerian lowland forest region, the broadest forested section of Nigeria. The coastal section of this area features an area covered by swamp flats and dominated by such plants as mangroves and other stilt plants as well as palms,

neg: Plantation high-yield plantations and are running an anti-plantation campaign, notably the Rainforest Action Network and Greenpeace. Farm or home plantations are typically established for the production of timber and fire wood for home use and sometimes for sale. Management may be less intensive than with Industrial plantations. In time, this type of plantation can become difficult to distinguish from naturally regenerated forest. Teak and bamboo plantations in India have given good results and an alternative crop solution to farmers of central India, where conventional farming was popular. But due to rising input costs of farming many farmers have done teak and

neg: Conservation movement definitive work on the subject and was widely used by forest assistants in the subcontinent. In 1861, the Forest Department extended its remit into the Punjab. Sir Dietrich Brandis, a German forester, joined the British service in 1856 as superintendent of the teak forests of Pegu division in eastern Burma. During that time Burma's teak forests were controlled by militant Karen tribals. He introduced the "taungya" system, in which Karen villagers provided labour for clearing, planting and weeding teak plantations. After seven years in Burma, Brandis was appointed Inspector General of Forests in India, a position he served in for

neg: Pojulu people tsetse fly which rendered cattle herding very difficult. The Loka Plantation Teak forest is the largest teak plantation in Africa. The planted forest reserves within the Pojulu area are at Kawale, Lijo, Loka West, and Nuni. The Pojulu Economy depends largely on subsistence production. It is an economy which aims to meet the daily food needs of the Pojulu community. Activities range from reliance on animal husbandry to total dependence on crop production. The Pojulu use human labour combined with the most elementary tools locally made. This primitive mode of production has always dominated the lives of the Pojulu. The

neg: Uttaradit Province later a garuda as the symbol of Thailand and the name of the province were added. The provincial tree is the teak ("Tectona grandis"). The largest teak tree in the world stands in Sak Yai Forest Park (สักใหญ่). The tree, estimated to be more than 1,500 years old, is 37 meters high and has a circumference of 9.58 meters at its base. Although the upper part of the tree broke off in a storm, the trunk is still alive. Discovered in 1927, the giant teak tree is part of the 35 square kilometer park of mixed deciduous forest. The province

neg: Kulathupuzha moist deciduous types. Apart from settlements, some parts are occupied by Forest departmental plantations mainly of teak, eucalyptus and acacia. The plantations are grown by planting saplings on cleared natural forests. Plantations are raised to sustain and supplement the timber needs of a few industries in the State. popularly known as the Rakoodu Estate (Rock Wood Estate) is near Kulathupuzha. Senthurini Wilde Life Sanctuary is near Kulathupuzha. Kallar estate is one of the famous tea estates left over from British ruling times. A British bungalows is there. Kulathupuzha forests have the largest variety of exotic Myristica Swamp freshwater variety swamp

neg: Eturnagaram Eturnagaram Eturnagaram is a village and a mandal in Jayashankar district in the state of Telangana in India. The mandal area is surrounded by a deep forest which includes a southern tropical dry deciduous type of teak and its associates including thiruman, maddi, and bamboo, while the fauna includes several endangered species including tiger, sloth bear, four-horned antelope, chinkara and black buck. It was declared a wildlife sanctuary in 1953 because of its bio-diversity. The sanctuary encompasses approximately in Warangal district. River Godavari also passes through the outskirts of the village. The climate is usually hot round the year. The

neg: Tectona Tectona Tectona is a genus of tropical hardwood trees in the mint family, "Lamiaceae". The three species are often collectively called teak. "Tectona" is native to south and southeast Asia, mainly India, Pakistan, Bangladesh, Myanmar, Indonesia and Thailand, and are commonly found as a component of monsoon forest vegetation. They are large trees, growing to 30–40 m (90–120 ft.) tall, deciduous in the dry season. "Tectona grandis" is an economically important species which is the source of most commercial teak wood products. Teak belongs to the family "Lamiaceae" (in older classifications in "Verbenaceae"). Sometimes it is included in the subfamily

neg: Nagzira Besides this teak plantations, have been raised earlier. These can be seen interspersed with natural forest. The principal associates of the teak are Terminalia tomentosa, Anogeissus latifolica. Pterocarpus marsupium, Lagerstroemia spp.. Madhuca indica and Bamboo- Dendrocalamus strictus. Grassland can be seen near Nagzira but it is of small size and anthoropogenic in origin. Earlier Nagzira Forest village was located here which was later on shifted to Thadezari in this grassland encroachment by woody plants is advancing and needs to be checked. Around 125 Ha. Of grasslands exists. These are located in compt. No. 95, 96, 97, 98, 121, 125, 126.

neg: Kaptai National Park important because of first time teak ("Tectona grandis") plantation in Bangladesh was started from this area. Its forest type is mixed evergreen forest. In 2009 IPAC(Integrated Protected Area Co-management) project started its activities in this protected area. The NP is situated inside the Kaptai City and since the natural scenery is very attractive and it receives lots of visitors year round. Nearly 60 local people are employed as service providers to the tourists and the services range from transport, vendors, restaurants and gift shop. The NP has high community development opportunities through eco-tourism if properly planned. The Park also provides

neg: Gardening small containers grown inside or outside. Gardening may be very specialized, with only one type of plant grown, or involve a large number of different plants in mixed plantings. It involves an active participation in the growing of plants, and tends to be labor-intensive, which differentiates it from farming or forestry. Forest gardening, a forest-based food production system, is the world's oldest form of gardening. Forest gardens originated in prehistoric times along jungle-clad river banks and in the wet foothills of monsoon regions. In the gradual process of families improving their immediate environment, useful tree and vine species were identified,

neg: Eturnagaram temperature often reaches 43°C during summer. There is a sufficient rainfall in the every year. The annual average rainfall is about 1000 mm Eturnagaram Eturnagaram is a village and a mandal in Jayashankar district in the state of Telangana in India. The mandal area is surrounded by a deep forest which includes a southern tropical dry deciduous type of teak and its associates including thiruman, maddi, and bamboo, while the fauna includes several endangered species including tiger, sloth bear, four-horned antelope, chinkara and black buck. It was declared a wildlife sanctuary in 1953 because of its bio-diversity. The sanctuary encompasses

neg: Manipur area of about , nearly 64% of the total geographical area of the state, and consists of short and tall grasses, reeds and bamboos, and trees. Broadly, there are four types of forests: Tropical Semi-evergreen, Dry Temperate Forest, Sub-Tropical Pine, and Tropical Moist Deciduous. There are forests of teak, pine, oak, uningthou, leihao, bamboo, and cane. Rubber, tea, coffee, orange, and cardamom are grown in hill areas. Rice, a staple food for Manipuris, and other cash crops make up the main vegetation cover in the valley. The climate of Manipur is largely influenced by the topography of this hilly region.

neg: Royal Forest Department Royal Forest Department The Royal Forest Department () is a department in the Ministry of Natural Resources and Environment (MoNRE), part of the Government of Thailand. In 1896 the Ministry of the Interior established the Royal Forest Department to conserve forests and control revenue from the teak forests in northern Thailand. A British forester, Herbert Slade, former Deputy Conservator of Forests in Burma, served as the first director of the department. In its early days the department focused on obtaining tax revenue for the use of forests rather than conservation, although its conservators expressed concern about unsustainable harvesting of teak

neg: Nuapada district population growth rate over the decade 2001-2011 was 14.28%. Nuapada has a sex ratio of 1020 females for every 1000 males, and a literacy rate of 58.2%. The hillsides rising up precipitously from the plains are covered with dense sal forests. The forests of the district are managed under Forest Division namely Khariar Division. According to their composition, the forests can be classified into sal forests, teak forests, miscellaneous forests where sal, teak and other species occur in mixture and bamboo forest. All these are situated in the dry deciduous forest zone. Timber is by far the major forest produce

neg: Andhra Pradesh Forest Department 1% The vegetation found in the state is largely of dry deciduous type with a mixture of Teak, and species of the genera "Terminalia", "Dalbergia", "Pterocarpus", "Anogeissus" etc. The hills of Eastern Ghats add greatly to the Biological Diversity and provide centers of endemism for plants, birds and lesser forms of animal life. The varied habitat harbors a diversity of fauna which includes Tiger, Panther, Wolf, Wild Dog, Hyena, Sloth Bear, Gaur, Black Buck, Chinkara, Chowsingha, Nilgai, Cheetal, Sambar and a number of Birds and Reptiles. The long sea coast provides the nesting ground for sea turtles, the back water

neg: Teak found out two world biggest living teak on 28 August 2017 in Homalin Township, Sagaing Region, Myanmar. The biggest one, named Homemalynn 1, is in girth and tall. The second biggest one, named Homemalynn 2, is in girth. Previously, the world's biggest recorded teak tree was located within the Parambikulam Wildlife Sanctuary in the Palakkad District of Kerala in India, named Kannimara. The tree is approximately tall. In 2017, a tree was discovered in the Ottakallan area of Thundathil range of Malayattoor Forest Division in Kerala with a girth of and height of . A teak tree in Kappayam, Edamalayar,

neg: Uru (boat) Uru (boat) The Uru, or "Fat Boat", is a generic name for large Dhow-type wooden ships made by asharis in Beypore, a village south of Kozhikode, Kerala, in the southwestern coast of India. This type of boat has been used by the Arabs since ancient times as trading vessels, and even now, "uru"s are being manufactured and exported to Arab nations from Beypore. These boats used to be built of several types of wood, the main one being teak. The teak was taken from Nilambur forests in earlier times, but now imported Malaysian teak is used. A couple of boat-building

neg: Byne Blueberry Farms blueberries are grown on 20 of the that have been in the Byne family for generations. The remaining have been preserved as forest. The specific species of blueberry grown on the farm is the Rabbiteye blueberry, which is reputed for its sweetness and high level of fructose. This kind of blueberry is the most popular type of blueberry grown in the south. The farm was certified as organic in 1997, following a three year certification process. Dick Byne graduated from Abraham Baldwin Agricultural College in 1973, and completed his bachelor’s degree in Agriculture at the University of Georgia. He used

neg: Anamalai Tiger Reserve plantations were owned by Europeans and the remaining by Indians from coastal towns. Since most native inhabitants either refused to work or were inefficient workers, labour for plantations was brought from the plains of Tamil Nadu to clear forests and grow coffee. Some parts of the forest however were reserved for timber including large areas around Top Slip. This part of the Western Ghats, under the Bombay Presidency were exploited extensively for teak which was supplied to the Bombay Dockyard for shipbuilding and later for railroad ties. In 1855, this area came under sustainable forest management for teak plantations by

neg: Environmental movement model that soon spread to other colonies, as well the United States. In 1860, the Department banned the use shifting cultivation. Dr. Hugh Cleghorn's 1861 manual, "The forests and gardens of South India", became the definitive work on the subject and was widely used by forest assistants in the subcontinent. Sir Dietrich Brandis joined the British service in 1856 as superintendent of the teak forests of Pegu division in eastern Burma. During that time Burma's teak forests were controlled by militant Karen tribals. He introduced the "taungya" system, in which Karen villagers provided labour for clearing, planting and weeding teak

neg: Teak batter is poured into a teak leaf and is steamed. This type of usage is found in the coastal district of Udupi in the Tulunadu region in South India. The leaves are also used in gudeg, a dish of young jackfruit made in Central Java, Indonesia, and give the dish its dark brown color. Teak is used as a food plant by the larvae of moths of the genus "Endoclita" including "E. aroura", "E. chalybeatus", "E. damor", "E. gmelina", "E. malabaricus", "E. sericeus" and "E. signifer" and other Lepidoptera including Turnip Moth. Teak has been used as a boatbuilding material

neg: Gir National Park classification. Teak occurs mixed with dry deciduous species. The degradation stages (DS) sub-types are thus derived as: Teak bearing areas are mainly in the eastern portion of the forest, which constitutes nearly half of the total area. Several species of acacia are found. Also found here are ber, jamun, babul(acacia), flame of the forest, zizyphus, tendu and dhak. Also plants like karanj, umlo, amli, sirus, kalam, charal and an occasional vad or banyan tree are found. These broadleaf trees provide a cool shade and moisture content to the region. As part of the afforestation programme casuarina and prosopis have been

neg: Indian natural history of forest management were aimed at the production of commercial products such as teak timber. The post of a "conservationist" was created and this term was related to the patches of forests that they managed, called "conservancies", and was not related to "biodiversity conservation". Even today, vast tracts of Indian forests are covered with teak plantations, low in biodiversity and seasonally ravaged by forest fires. The first foresters in India were highly influenced by forest management in Germany and many forest officers in India were trained in the German school of thought brought into India by Dietrich Brandis (1824–1907)-"the father

neg: Cambalache State Forest and Palma de Sierra ("Gaussia attenuata") are also found in the forest. "Zanthoxylum martinicense" inhabits xeric areas. The hillsides and valleys are home to distinct vegetation zones. The valleys have lost most of their original vegetation and instead feature scrubby secondary forests and planted teak groves. Cambalache State Forest Cambalache State Forest is a state forest reserve on the island of Puerto Rico. Cambalache is located in the municipalities of Arecibo and Barceloneta. It protects steep limestone hills known as mogotes, which are covered in moist forests. The elevation ranges from above mean sea level. Average rainfall is per year,

neg: Nkayi, Zimbabwe in this district is the Mbuma Mission Hospital. The main business operation in Nkayi is the teak timber processing plant (Pride of Africa Exports) which is the largest privately owned company employing most of the locals. Nkayi has one of the best teak frosets (Gwampa forest). Nkayi central business district is divided into two main shopping centres, the Old business centre rather known as Nkayi Downstores dominated by local businessmen Stanely Faranando and Philani Moyo and Nkayi New Shopping centre dominated by Ngqaba Sibanda and Machingura. The Old shopping centre's customers are mainly bus customers en route. Philani Moyo operates

neg: Nilambur are now fully tiled to offer a nice experience to walk through. This place is now emerging as popular destination for a short break on the way to Ooty, Mysore and Bangalore. The Nilambur forests are also known for their tribal settlements, vast rain forests, waterfalls and the world's first Teak Museum. Just from Nilambur town, there is the "oldest teak plantation in the world", the Conolly's Plot. It is named after H. V. Conolly, the British Malabar district collector, who was instrumental in planting teak there. Chathu Menon, a forest officer, organised the planting of the saplings. Chathu Menon

neg: Shoolpaneshwar Wildlife Sanctuary Sardar Vallabhbhai Patel International Airport at Ahmedabad, which is about away, is the nearest international airport. The nearest rail head and bus stand are those of Ankleshwar, which is about away. There are rest houses to stay at Bharuch, Dediapada, Rajpipla, and the sanctuary. Shoolpaneshwar Wildlife Sanctuary Shoolpaneshwar Wildlife Sanctuary is a protected area in India's Gujarat state, located in the western Satpura Range south of the Narmada River and is large. It shares a common boundary with Madhya Pradesh and Maharashtra. It encompasses mixed dry deciduous forest, riverine forest, few pockets of moist teak forest, agricultural fields and two

neg: Timbun Mata the Trusan Sigalong. It is located at 4°39' N 118°25' E with an area of 114.97 km². The island has been inhabited since before records were kept. There are several villages on the island which have been there for at least several hundred years, Mantandak (in the west), Lakai Lakai (north), Dap Dap (northeast) and Kubor (east). In addition there are newer, illegal settlements which have sprung up on the southeastern portion of the island. The island was declared a forest reserve in 1930, but had been planted in teak as early as the 1880s. The teak forests have been

neg: Reginald Campbell Flight Lieutenant 'Dick' Frederick Murison who almost died from fever in the teak jungle and later served as a bomber pilot in Afghanistan in the late 20s. Orwell may be Mr W. Elder, Forest Manager of Anglo-Siam Forest Company, a heroic figure who lived amongst the elephants of Muang Ngow near Lakon (in the book Nakon) and retired in Riverhead, Kent dying in about 1935. He gives a fairly accurate appraisal of life as an assistant forest manager with its dangers from disease and wild animals while logging teak with elephants. Campbell also wrote a book about an elephant breeder

neg: Parambikulam Tiger Reserve neem, sandalwood and rosewood. Even the oldest ever teak tree, Kannimara Teak exists here. It is about 450 years old and has a girth of and a height of . It won the Mahavriksha Puraskar given by the Indian Government. Fires in the forest - In April 2007 a wild fire in parts of Parambikulam Wildlife Sanctuary and the adjoining Nelliampathy forests destroyed hundreds of acres of forest tracts and plantations. One of the reasons for the fires was the lack of pre-monsoon rain in the area. The area used to get rain in during January, February, March and April.

neg: Bomfobiri Wildlife Sanctuary forest, vegetation of rock outcrops, typical savannah vegetation and teak plantation. More than 50% of Bomfobiri Wildlife Sanctuary is covered by disturbed forest, which developed after the nationwide bushfires of 1983 and is now maintained by subsequent annual bushfires. This represents the remnants of the former semi-deciduous forest of Antiaris-Chlorophora association. Narrow bands of dense riverine forest are restricted mainly along the Ongwam and Amobia rivers and some of the seasonal streams. However, only grass can grow on rock outcrops associated with shallow soils. The Guinea Savannah supports fire resistant trees, which seldom form a close canopy, associated with tall

neg: Teak in Myanmar industry as well. In an attempt to preserve existing forests from the rampant logging of the 1990s, the government banned the export of raw timber laws in 2014. Being that the vast majority of teak from Myanmar was sold in this format, this action largely amounts to a ban on teak exports. However, even the ban has not been totally successful in preventing forest degradation. Illegal loggers, many of them Chinese, have continued to cut teak in remote areas of the Kachin State, near the Chinese border. The Myanma government has attempted to discourage this practice by meting out draconian

neg: Teak in Myanmar in case of more uprisings like the one that led to deposition of Ne Win, the government had little choice but to cut more and more teak. The frequency of cutting within the Myanmar Selection System was increased and with it the rates of forest degradation and deforestation. Neighboring Thailand had been not regulated teak extraction as robustly as Burma or its British rulers, and by 1988 suffered from major deforestation. Thai timber companies no longer had sources of teak within their own country and needed new resources to exploit to stay viable. The state in Myanmar responded by selling

neg: Bojonegoro Regency in the 1890s. Samin was incited by acquisition of local teak forest by Dutch colonial authority. Dutch officials refused access to the forest for local people, as it was claimed as Dutch property. Rather than rising in a violent uprising, Samin taught peaceful resistance, such as refusing to pay taxes to the colonial authority, and continuing to take teak from the forest as they had for generations. Samin people are nominally Muslim, but do not practice many Islamic rituals, such as fasting or regular prayer. Rather, they emphasize the spiritual aspect, as well as honesty, modesty and simplicity. In this,

neg: Doi Khun Tan National Park which falls mostly during the rainy season, averages about 1,034 mm per year. Human encroachment has disturbed the forests of Doi Khun Tan and they have changed dramatically in the past century. The forests can be divided into three types, with distinct elevation ranges. Lowland elevations (325–850 m). Originally a teak forest, lower elevations are composed of a degraded, mixed bamboo deciduous forest and deciduous Dipterocarp-oak forest. Middle elevations (850-1,000 meter). This is a transitional area where the lowland deciduous forest and upland evergreen-pine forest mix to form a mixed evergreen and deciduous forest. Here are only two species of

neg: Flora and fauna of Madhya Pradesh great sal zone of the Central Indian Peninsula. Sal forests are located in the eastern part of the state while teak forests are localised in the western part. In between, there is a transition belt of mixed miscellaneous forests. There are also areas where teak and sal both species occur naturally mixed together forming unique ecosystem. Sal forests occupy an area of 7244 km, which is about 7.6% of the total forest area of the state. The sal forests are confined to the eastern part of the state in the districts Rewa, Sidhi, Umaria, Anuppur and southwards in districts Balaghat,

neg: Phi Pan Nam Range the forest park are Doi Hua Ling, Doi Phu Lang Ka and Doi Phu Nom; the latter is a breast-shaped hill rising in an area of grassland. Formerly there were large extensions of teak ("Tectona grandis") forests in the range, including the highly appreciated golden teak variety. These forests are now much reduced. Forest fires are common during the dry season. Some of the other species of trees found in the forests of the mountains are: "Afzelia xylocarpa", "Ailanthus triphysa", "Anisoptera costata", "Artocarpus lacucha", "Berrya ammonilla", "Betula alnoides", "Cinnamomum iners", "Dalbergia oliveri", "Dillenia pentagyna", "Dipterocarpus obtusifolius", "Dipterocarpus alatus", "Dipterocarpus turbinatus",

neg: Bhadra Wildlife Sanctuary Phenological studies were on going to know the biology of tree species (9,10,11,12) Bhadra supports more than 120 plant species. One typical of tropical dry deciduous forest had 46 species, 37 genera and 24 families. Combretaceae was the most abundant family in the forest. Indigoberry (Randia dumetorum) was the dominant species. Throughout the sanctuary the common species include crepe myrtle (lanceolata), kadam, thaasal (tiliaefolia), simpoh (pentagyna), teak, kindal, Indian-laurel, rosewood, Indian kino tree, white teak, fig tree, mangosteen, "Kydia calycina", indigo, toddy palm, Ceylon oak, jalari, jamba tree, axlewood, slow match tree, thorny bamboo and clumping bamboo. It is the

neg: Plantation bamboo plantations which require very little water (only during first two years). Teak and bamboo have legal protection from theft. Bamboo, once planted, gives output for 50 years till flowering occurs. Teak requires 20 years to grow to full maturity and fetch returns. These may be established for watershed or soil protection. They are established for erosion control, landslide stabilization and windbreaks. Such plantations are established to foster native species and promote forest regeneration on degraded lands as a tool of environmental restoration. Probably the single most important factor a plantation has on the local environment is the site where

neg: Flora and fauna of Odisha forests with a canopy density of over 70 percent, of forests are classified as moderately dense cover with a canopy density of 40 to 70 percent and of land are classified as open forest with a canopy density of 10 to 40 percent. Odisha has a diverse variety of plants and animals. Odisha's forests yield large quantities of teak and bamboo. Teak, apart from medicinal plants and kendu leaves contribute substantially towards Odisha's economy. Odisha's forest ecosystem has been greatly affected by deforestation and illegal smuggling and poaching. The state government has established the Odisha Forest Development Corporation to combat

neg: Pench Tiger Reserve to Champion and Seth (1968) as: Teak is a ubiquitous species in the region, with a presence ranging from a sporadic distribution in most parts of the study area to localized teak-dominated patches. Teak (Tectona grandis), and associated species such as Madhuca indica, Diospyros melanoxylon, Terminalia tomentosa, Buchanania lanzan, Lagerstroemia parviflora, Ougeinia dalbergoides, Miliusa velutina and Lannea coromandalica, occur on flat terrain. The undulating terrain and hill slopes have patches of Mixed Forest dominated by Boswellia serrata and Anogeissus latifolia. Species like Sterculia urens and Gardenia latifolia are found scattered on rocky slopes. Bamboo forests occur in the hill slopes

neg: Yunnan plains, open valleys, and terraced hillsides. Level land for agriculture is extremely scarce and only about 5 percent of the province is under cultivation. Rice is the main crop; corn, barley, wheat, rapeseed, sweet potatoes, soybeans (as a food crop), tea, sugarcane, tobacco, and cotton are also grown. On the steep slopes in the west livestock is raised and timber, a valuable resource, is cut (teak in the southwest). Yunnan produces most of coffee grown in China (although there are also much smaller plantations in Fujian and Hainan. Large-scale coffee cultivation started in Yunnan in 1988. The most commonly grown

neg: Flora of India the tropical rainforest of the Andaman Islands, Western Ghats, and Northeast India to the coniferous forest of the Himalaya. Between these extremes lie the sal-dominated moist deciduous forest of eastern India; teak-dominated dry deciduous forest of central and southern India; and the babul-dominated thorn forest of the central Deccan and western Gangetic plain. Pine, fir, spruce, cedar, larch and cypress are the timber-yielding plants of which several also occur widely in the hilly regions of India Flora of India The flora of India is one of the richest in the world due to the wide range of climate, topology and

neg: Shoolpaneshwar Wildlife Sanctuary sombre rocks, gentle streams, and waterfalls. All of these are in the Vindhyan and Satpuran ranges. The Zarwani Waterfall is deep inside the sanctuary. The Shoolpaneshwar Wildlife Sanctuary is a part of the North Western Ghats moist deciduous forests ecoregion. The forests are moist deciduous with a few small dry bamboo brakes, a few pockets of moist teak forest in hilly areas, degraded scrub forest, and riverine forest bordering Terav and Narmada Rivers and small water courses. The hilly tract of the sanctuary supports forests harboring floral and faunal elements, which bear similarities to those in the Himalayas and Western

neg: Muthupet famous for Koduva meen, kalakan meen and viral meen. Muthupet's Azath Nagar fish is the biggest fish market in Thiruvarur district. Variety of fish, Prawn , Crab are available daily from 6.00 a.m to 6.00 p.m, Muthupet fish market is famous for Koduva and viral in fish type and karuvan Raal in prawn type, From Muthupet they do fish exports to various district and state in India. Muthupet mangrove forest is located at the southern end of the Cauvery delta, covering an area of approximately 13,500 ha of which only 4% is occupied by well-grown mangroves. The rivers Paminiyar, Koraiyar,

neg: Sigur Plateau teak or Bombay Blackwood (Rosewood) at present fit for felling. It is important that the forest should be allowed to recover, as it is the main source of supply to Utakamund for house-building purposes. " In the late 1700s, Tipu Sultan maintained a fort and trading route between the Kingdom of Mysore and Travancore, along the Moyar River here. Sigur Plateau comprises about reserve forests of the Nilgiris North Forest Division, the Mudumalai National Park and about of private lands. The Nilgiris North Forest Division includes the Sigur Range , Coonoor Range and the Udhagai North Range , which are

neg: Farming systems in India are made solely for the production of one material, there is a much smaller range of services for the local people. India has taken measures to avoid this by limiting the amount of land that can be owned by someone. As a result, smaller plantations are owned by local farmers who then sell the wood to larger companies. Teak and bamboo plantations in India are a good alternative crop solution to farmers of central India, where conventional farming is popular. Due to rising input costs of farming many farmers have grown teak and bamboo plantations because they only require water

neg: Haa District "Hidden-Land Rice Valley." The Haa chhu (river) flows through the valley. The river is stemmed from Mount Jomolhari. The main crops grown in the valley are wheat, barley bitter and sweet buckwheat, although some rice is grown in the lower reaches of the valley. Potatoes, chilis, apples and other cash crops are grown by farmers on the valley floor, along terraced hillsides, and in some of the more accessible side valleys. Per the census, almost every household owns livestock of some type, most commonly yaks and cattle, but also chickens, pig, and horses. 78% of Haa is covered with forest,

neg: Teak in Myanmar One of the effects of the enclosure policies that the Forestry Department had adopted was that local villagers were no longer allowed to cut their own firewood for free, as they had for generations. Burmese nationalist politicians attempted to convince the colonial Legislative Council of Burma to expand local's rights to free forest products in 1926. This effort, however, was voted down. Since Burma received independence in 1948, teak has been a major economic resource for all of its governments. However, it took some time for the government to attain the kind of control of the teak trade that the

neg: Henry Valentine Conolly at Rugby School, Warwickshire. Conolly then moved to Madras, and became a writer in the Madras Civil Service from 19 May 1824. He later served in Bellary as principal collector. He served as a translator of Kannada, a cashier and as commissioner for settlement of claims in the Carnatic region. While District Collector and Magistrate of Malabar Conolly helped develop waterways including a canal now known as the Conolly Canal, initiated 1848, and teak plantations. The teak plantation was a pioneering example of systematic forest management. It contained some of the finest pieces of the tropical hardwood teak. The plantations

neg: Dietrich Brandis resistance to the state takeover of forests became increasingly difficult. Brandis was initially interested in botany. His herbarium and botanical library which he shipped from Calcutta to Rangoon were lost when the boat carrying it capsized. This loss led him to shift his focus from botanical studies to forestry. Brandis' work included determination of teak volume, rate of growth, identifying rate of harvest, developing forest protection plans against pests and fire. He also introduced timber purchase rules, clearing rules and the establishment of managed teak areas called "conservancies" with officers who were appointed as "Conservators". In 1864 Brandis became Inspector

neg: Pachmarhi Biosphere Reserve as the buffer zone. The reserve is composed primarily of forest habitats, and is an important transition zone between the forest species of western and eastern India. The forests are dominated by [[Tectona is|teak ("Tectona grandis")] ]. They include the westernmost groves of [[Shorea robusta|sal ("Shorea robusta")]], which is the dominant tree of eastern India's forests. Other endemic vegetation includes [[wild mango]], [[silver fern]], [[jamun]] and "[[Terminalia arjuna|arjun]]". Fourteen [[Ethnobotany|ethno-botanical]] plant species occur in PBR have been studied, which are traded from the selected villages of the buffer zone area of PBR. Different plant parts of these important species are

neg: Indian Forest Act, 1927 woods for railway sleepers manufacture.This law also made teak wood a government property. Reserved Forest is an area mass of land duly notified under the provisions of India Forest Act or the State Forest Acts having full degree of protection. In Reserved Forests, all activities are prohibited unless permitted. Reserved Forest is notified under section 20 of the Indian Forest Act, 1927 [Act 16 of 1927] or under the reservation provisions of the Forest acts of the State Governments. It is within power of a State Government to issue a preliminary notification under section 4 of the Act declaring that

neg: Kerala Forest Research Institute campus situated on the Thrissur- Peechi road has the main administrative offices, Research Divisions, laboratories, nurseries, greenhouses, museums, Guest houses and also the Kerala Forest Seed Centre. The Sub-Centre at Nilambur has the Teak Museum and the Bio- resources Nature Trail that attracts a large number of visitors.The Field Research Center has the KFRI Bambusetum with a collection of 65 species of tropical bamboo, an arboretum and the Bamboo Primary Processing Centre. KFRI also hosts the following international/national offices: TEAKNET- the International Teak Information Network supported by the FAO, Rome ( url=http://www.teaknet.org/ ) Bamboo Technical Support Group ( BTSG-KFRI) supported

neg: Indo-Burma an island, nation, country or other defined zone, or habitat type. Ten endemic species of the Indo-Burma are: Saola, ELd's Deer, Cat Ba langur, Fishing cat, Giant ibis, Mekong giant catfish,Spoonbilled sandpiper,Red-headed vulture and white-rumped vulture, Sarus crane and the Irrawaddy dolphin. Indo-Burma was one of the first places where humans developed agriculture, and has a history of using fire to clear land for agriculture and other needs. The need for agricultural products has increased in recent years, with the expansion of both human populations and markets. This has contributed to widespread forest destruction; tree plantations (teak, rubber, oil palm)

neg: Teak furniture enjoy the space has followed suit. The teak wood construction allows patio furniture sets to last years longer than other wood furniture. "Teak oil" is the name used by manufactures of various oil-based wood treatments intended for use on teak and other hardwoods. Teak oil most often contains linseed oil, but does not contain oil from the teak tree. Teak furniture Teak wood is used for making boats, furniture, and other things which require resistance to the elements. Teak is used for outdoor furniture but is not recommended for full exposure to sunlight. Being more expensive than most other woods,

neg: Saminism Movement well as good values, such as modesty, honesty, and simplicity. Because Surontiko Samin was illiterate, and also his followers and other Saminist leaders, there is no written first-hand accounts of the Saminist movement. This has posed a problem for historians and social scientist because of the lack of written records from the Saminists themselves. In the late 19th century the colonial Dutch had taken over much of Indonesia. The Dutch sought after the natural resources which were abundant in the land. These resources included spice lands and many forests. One forest in particular was the teak forest which lay in

neg: Purna Wildlife Sanctuary of spiders. Purna Wildlife Sanctuary Purna Wildlife Sanctuary is a wildlife sanctuary in the Western Ghats mountain range, in the States of Gujarat and Maharashtra, India. In the South Gujarat, it is located between Vyara, Tapi District and Ahwa, Dang District, and in Maharashtra, it is located in Nandurbar District. Apart from the Dangs' District, it is a part of the Northern Division of the Dangs' Forest. It was declared a sanctuary in July 1990. It derives its name from the Purna River, which flows through it. The sanctuary has thick forest cover of teak and bamboo. It has a

neg: Purna Wildlife Sanctuary Purna Wildlife Sanctuary Purna Wildlife Sanctuary is a wildlife sanctuary in the Western Ghats mountain range, in the States of Gujarat and Maharashtra, India. In the South Gujarat, it is located between Vyara, Tapi District and Ahwa, Dang District, and in Maharashtra, it is located in Nandurbar District. Apart from the Dangs' District, it is a part of the Northern Division of the Dangs' Forest. It was declared a sanctuary in July 1990. It derives its name from the Purna River, which flows through it. The sanctuary has thick forest cover of teak and bamboo. It has a tropical climate

neg: Pasar Minggu Pasar Minggu Pasar Minggu is a subdistrict of South Jakarta, Jakarta, Indonesia. The area is known for its traditional Sunday market, famous for the fruit market. Historically, Pasar Minggu is a fruit cultivation area developed by the Dutch government during the colonial period. The central point of the cultivation area is the traditional market of Pasar Minggu, located in what is now Pasar Minggu "Kelurahan". Teak forest could also be found in Pasar Minggu Subdistrict, notably around Jati Padang (Javanese for "bright teak") "Kelurahan". Most of these areas has been converted into residential area as Jakarta grow southward. The boundary

neg: Bojonegoro Regency they are similar to Kejawen followers. Samin people reside in the southwestern part of Bojonegoro (in the heart of its teak forest) and in Blora Regency, Central Java. Bojonegoro Regency Bojonegoro Regency (, older spelling is "Kabupaten Bodjanegara") is a regency in East Java, Indonesia, about 110 km west of Surabaya. It is located in the inland part of northern Java plain, on the banks of the Solo River, the longest river in Java. Previously known as a major producer of teak and tobacco, Bojonegoro is a focus of attention in Indonesia as a new oil field has been found

neg: Tropical and subtropical dry broadleaf forests type. Because trees lose moisture through their leaves, the shedding of leaves allows trees such as teak and mountain ebony to conserve water during dry periods. The newly bare trees open up the canopy layer, enabling sunlight to reach ground level and facilitate the growth of thick underbrush. Trees on moister sites and those with access to ground water tend to be evergreen. Infertile sites also tend to support evergreen trees. Three tropical dry broadleaf forest ecoregions, the East Deccan dry evergreen forests, the Sri Lanka dry-zone dry evergreen forests, and the Southeastern Indochina dry evergreen forests, are characterized by

neg: Teak furniture Teak furniture Teak wood is used for making boats, furniture, and other things which require resistance to the elements. Teak is used for outdoor furniture but is not recommended for full exposure to sunlight. Being more expensive than most other woods, teak furniture has become something of a status symbol. Not only is it common for a teak bench, chair, or table to last 70 years with the correct care plan, it is also common to pass down such furniture to future generations as an heirloom. Teak is originally from the teak tree with the Latin name "Tectona grandis". The

neg: Palvelicham Palvelicham Palvelicham is a small village near Kattikkulam town in Mananthavady area of Wayanad district, Kerala, India. Palvelicham village is located deep inside the teak forest of Wayanad. There are many tree houses on tall teak trees. Elephant sightings are easy here but they are sometime a little dangerous. The main attraction is the immense Alphonsa Church with two entrances. Kuruva islands are also close by. The road to Palvelicham goes around the Alphonsa Church and comes back to the back side of the church. The small town of Palvelicham is also on the back side of the church. Palvelicham

neg: Flora of Madhya Pradesh Flora of Madhya Pradesh The Flora of Madhya Pradesh province in India, is very rich and diverse. Central, eastern and southern parts of the state are forested, whereas northern and western parts are deficient in forest. Variability in climatic and edaphic conditions brings about significant difference in the forest types and flora of the state. There are four important forest types: Tropical Moist, Tropical Dry, Tropical Thorn, and Subtropical broadleaved Hill forests. Based on composition, there are three important forest formations namely Teak forest, Sal forest and Miscellaneous Forests. Bamboo bearing areas are widely distributed in the state. Following is

neg: Luang Prabang Range is 2,120 m high Phu Soi Dao. Other high peaks of the Luang Prabang Range are 2,079 m high Phu Khe, 1,980 m high Doi Phu Kha, 1,837 m high Doi Phu Wae and 1,745 m high Doi Phi Pan Nam; Phu Khe is one of the ultra prominent peaks of Southeast Asia. Many of the important peaks are located at the border. The vegetation is evergreen hill forest on the highest altitudes of the range height and mostly dry deciduous forest below 1,000 m, with an abundance of teak trees, which has led to heavy deforestation. Like in most

neg: Balaghat district population density 162 persons per km². In the 1991 Census, the total population of the district was 1,365,870. About 80% of the district's area is covered with forest. and also the District of Madhya Pradesh which has maximum Forest Density. Teak "(Tectona grandis)", sal "(Shorea robusta)", bamboo and saja are the main trees. Fauna includes tiger, leopard, bear, nilgai, deer, and gaur, and birds like peacock, Red Bulbul and Koyal. Kanha National Park (Mukki) lies in the district. Balaghat district Balaghat District () is a district of Madhya Pradesh state in Central India. The town of Balaghat serves as its