query: what 's the age of consent in nigeria

pos: Ages of consent in Africa sovereignty, as of 1 July 2015. The age of consent in Chad is 14 for girls, even if she is married, but the ban is rarely enforced. The age of consent for boys is not known. The age of consent in the Comoros is 13. The age of consent in Côte d'Ivoire is 18 regardless of sexual orientation and/or gender. The age of consent in Ceuta for both males and females is 16, as it is under Spanish sovereignty, as of 1 July 2015. The age of consent in the Democratic Republic of the Congo is 14 for females and

pos: Child sexual abuse in Nigeria solely for the purpose of procreation. Child sexual abuse in Nigeria Child sexual abuse in Nigeria is an offence under several sections of chapter 21 of the country's criminal code. The age of consent is 18. UNICEF reported in 2015 that one in four girls and one in ten boys in Nigeria had experienced sexual violence before the age of 18. According to a survey by Positive Action for Treatment Access, over 31.4 percent of girls there said that their first sexual encounter had been rape or forced sex of some kind. The Centre for Environment, Human Rights and Development

pos: Child sexual abuse in Nigeria Child sexual abuse in Nigeria Child sexual abuse in Nigeria is an offence under several sections of chapter 21 of the country's criminal code. The age of consent is 18. UNICEF reported in 2015 that one in four girls and one in ten boys in Nigeria had experienced sexual violence before the age of 18. According to a survey by Positive Action for Treatment Access, over 31.4 percent of girls there said that their first sexual encounter had been rape or forced sex of some kind. The Centre for Environment, Human Rights and Development reported that 1,200 girls had been

pos: Age of consent reform Netherlands operated what was in effect an age of consent of 12, subject to qualifications. The relevant law, passed in November, 1990, permitted sexual intercourse for young people between 12 and 16, but allowed a challenge by parents based on erosion of parental authority or child exploitation, which would be heard by a Council for the Protection of Children. In 1979, the Dutch Pacifist Socialist Party supported an unsuccessful petition to lower the age of consent to 12. The age of consent in Peru was increased from 14 to 18 in 2006 as elections approached, but in 2007, Peru's new

pos: Marriage in Canada s. 293.1 of the Criminal Code. In addition, s. 2.1 of the "Civil Marriage Act" stipulates, "Marriage requires the free and enlightened consent of two persons to be the spouse of each other." Since 2015, federal law has set the absolute minimum marriageable age at 16. Provinces and territories may set a minimum age higher than that. In Canada the age of majority is set by province/territory at 18 or 19, so minors under this age have additional restrictions (i.e. parental and court consent). Section 293.2 of the Criminal Code also addresses marriages of individuals under the age of 16,

pos: Ages of consent in the United States with a child. Aggravated indecent liberties with a child is sexual intercourse with a child who is 14 or more years of age but less than 16 years of age. As per State v. Limon (2005) the previous Kansas age of consent law, which did not apply to homosexuals, was struck down by the Kansas Supreme Court due to 2003's Lawrence v. Texas decision. The age of consent in Kentucky is 18. Consensual sex with persons at least age 16 but not yet 18 is permitted only if the actor is less than 10 years older than the younger party.

pos: Ages of consent in Africa sodomy provision(s) that are illegal or close in age exceptions may exist and are stated when relevant. The below is a list of all jurisdictions in Africa as listed in list of sovereign states and dependent territories in Africa. The age of consent in Algeria is 16 for vaginal intercourse. "Heterosexual Sodomy" (anal and/or oral sex with an opposite-sex partner) is illegal, Article 388 of the Penal Code. As well as all same-sex sexual conduct, Article 338, and "outrages to public decency", Article 333. The punishment for both the first two activities with those under 18 years of age is

pos: Age of consent widely from jurisdiction to jurisdiction, though most jurisdictions set the age of consent in the range 14 to 18. The laws may also vary by the type of sexual act, the gender of the participants or other considerations, such as involving a position of trust; some jurisdictions may also make allowances for minors engaged in sexual acts with each other, rather than a single age. Charges and penalties resulting from a breach of these laws may range from a misdemeanor, such as "corruption of a minor", to what is popularly called "statutory rape". There are many "grey areas" in this

pos: Child prostitution of adult prostitution varies between different parts of the world, the prostitution of minors is illegal in most countries, and all countries have some form of restrictions against it. There is a dispute surrounding what constitutes a prostituted child. International law defines a child as any individual below the age of 18, but a number of countries legally recognize lower ages of consent and adulthood, usually ranging from 13 to 17 years of age. Thus, law enforcement officers are sometimes hesitant to investigate cases because of the differences in age of consent. The laws of some countries do, however, distinguish

pos: Ages of consent in Africa under French sovereignty The age of consent in Îles Eparses for both males and females is 15, as it is under French sovereignty The age of consent in Gabon is 18 regardless of sexual orientation and/or gender. The age of consent is 18. The age of consent is 16. The age of consent is 15. The age of consent is 16 regardless of sexual orientation and/or gender. The age of consent in Kenya is 18 years, as children are defined under 18 and are not able to give consent. Marriage is not possible below the age of 18, the law

pos: Age of consent reform General Assembly of Georgia (USA) to raise the age of consent from 16 to 18. The bill failed, however. Georgia was the most notoriously resistant state to raising its age of consent in the early 1900s. Georgia's age of consent was 10 until 1918, and even then the age of consent was only raised to 14. Even after raising the age of consent in 1918, Georgia was still the only state in the United States to have an age of consent lower than 16. Georgia's age of consent remained at 14 until 1995, when a bill proposed by senator Steve

pos: Ages of consent in North America Ages of consent in North America In North America, the legal age of consent relating to sexual activity varies by jurisdiction. The age of consent in Canada is 16. As of August 2018, each U.S. state has set its age of consent at either age 16, age 17, or age 18. The age of consent in Mexico is complex. Typically, Mexican states have a "primary" age of consent (which may be as low as 12), and sexual conduct with persons below that age is always illegal. Sexual relations which occur between adults and teenagers under 18 are left in a

pos: Ages of consent in North America age of consent, as does the District of Columbia. As of August 1, 2018, the age of consent in each state in the United States was either 16 years of age, 17 years of age, or 18 years of age. The most common age of consent is 16. The age of consent is 18. There is however a close-in-age exemption that allows minors 16 and 17 years old to consent with someone no more than five years older than themselves and minors 13 to 15 years old to consent with one another, but not with anyone 16 or over. Article

pos: Paintball for a paintball field. The process of buying one's own paintball marker is just as complicated, the buyer must have completed military service, have a clean police record and be over the age of 18 years. Minimum age for paintball is 14 years old with parents consent, from 16 and up no parental consent is required. It is required that all players must wear protective mask as well and neck and chest protection. Paintball markers are not allowed to exceed 290 fps velocity and a maximum of 12bit/s firing rate. In Germany, paintball is restricted to players over 18 years

pos: Ages of consent in the United States consent in Hawaii is 16. There is however a close-in-age exemption, which allows those aged 14 and 15 to consent to sex with those less than five years older. Previously the age of consent was 14, the lowest in the United States. Avery Chumbley, a member of the Hawaiian Senate, had made efforts to raise the age of consent. The age of consent was changed to 16 by Act 1, House Bill 236, passed by the Legislature of Hawaii in 2001. The age of consent in Idaho is 18. The age of consent in Illinois is 17, and rises to

pos: Ages of consent in Asia noted when relevant, for example in Indonesia. The below is a list of all jurisdictions in Asia as listed in List of sovereign states and dependent territories in Asia. Sexual activity outside marriage is illegal in Afghanistan. The minimum age of marriage is 18 for men and 16 for women. The age of consent in Bahrain is 21 regardless of gender or sexual orientation. According to Article 345 [s amended by Legislative Decree n. 7, 1985], The penalty of imprisonment for a term not exceeding twenty years will be the punishment for anyone who has sex with a woman who

pos: Ages of consent in North America the charge. Section 159 of the Criminal Code criminalizes anal intercourse, but provides exceptions for a husband and wife, and any two persons 18 years of age or older. These exceptions do not apply if a third person is present, or if the anal intercourse takes place anywhere but in private. However, courts in Ontario, Quebec, and Alberta have independently declared s. 159 to be unconstitutional as violations of the equality provision of the "Canadian Charter of Rights and Freedoms". During the 19th century, the age of consent for heterosexual vaginal sex was 12; in 1890, the Parliament raised the

pos: Ages of consent in Africa sovereignty, as of 1 July 2015. The age of consent in Chad is 14 for girls, even if she is married, but the ban is rarely enforced. The age of consent for boys is not known. The age of consent in the Comoros is 13. The age of consent in Côte d'Ivoire is 18 regardless of sexual orientation and/or gender. The age of consent in Ceuta for both males and females is 16, as it is under Spanish sovereignty, as of 1 July 2015. The age of consent in the Democratic Republic of the Congo is 14 for females and

pos: Ages of consent in Africa against the law if not married. The age of consent is 16. A girl under the age of fourteen (14) cannot consent to sexual intercourse under criminal law. However, under Statutory Law, according to the Girls and Women Protection Act, a girl under the age of sixteen (16) can not in any way consent to sexual intercourse. The age of consent is 18 in Tanzania, but as of 2010/2011 the law is not enforced. The age of consent in Togo is 16. The age of consent in Tunisia is 18 (since 2010). However, there appears to be a marital exception

pos: Ages of consent in Africa years. The age of consent in Madeira for both males and females is 14, as it is under Portuguese sovereignty The age of consent in Mayotte for both males and females is 15, as it is under French sovereignty The age of consent in Melilla for both males and females is 16, as it is under Spanish sovereignty, as of 1 July 2015. The age of consent is 18, per Art. 484 of the Penal Code. The age of consent is 16 regardless of sexual orientation and/or gender. The age of consent is 16 for girls. 'Sexual offences with girls

pos: Age of consent reform of consent was 10 years. In 1880, 37 states had an age of consent of 10 years while 10 states kept an age of consent at 12, and Delaware maintained its age of consent at seven years, having lowered it from 10 in 1871. In the late-19th century, a "social purity movement" composed of Christian feminist reform groups began advocating a raise in the age of consent to 16, with the goal of raising it ultimately to 18, and by 1920 almost all states had raised their age of consent to 16 or 18. By the mid-1970s, there was widespread

pos: Ages of consent in Asia age of consent for consensual homosexual sex was set at 18. According to the Indonesian Penal Code article 287, the age of consent in Indonesia is 15 years old. The age of consent is the minimum age at which an individual is considered legally old enough to consent to participation in sexual activity. Individuals aged 14 or younger in Indonesia are not legally able to consent to sexual activity, and such activity may result in prosecution for statutory rape or the equivalent local law. Even though the age of consent is 15 years old, the offender can only be charged

pos: Ages of consent in Africa (in French), the age of consent in Burundi for heterosexuals (both men and women) is 18 years. However, under "Article 567", homosexual acts (both men and women) carry a fine of up to 100,000 Burundian francs and up to 3 years' imprisonment. The age of consent in Cameroon is 16. The age of consent in Cape Verde is 14 regardless of sexual orientation and/or gender. The minimum age of sexual consent is 18 years of age regardless of sexual orientation and/or gender. The age of consent in Ceuta for both males and females is 16, as it is under Spanish

pos: Ages of consent in Oceania against this section. (3) It is no defence to a charge under this section that the boy consented. The states’ statutory rape laws apply to children age 13 and below in Yap and Kosrae and age 15 and below in Pohnpei. The age of consent in Chuuk state is 18. Under the "Crimes Act 2010" effective since 1 February 2010, the age of consent in Fiji is 16, regardless of sexual orientation and/or gender. The laws of France where applicable apply. (These specify a general age of consent of 15.) See Ages of consent in Europe#France. The age of consent

pos: Ages of consent in the United States Ages of consent in the United States In the United States, age of consent laws regarding sexual activity are made at the state level. There are several federal statutes related to protecting minors from sexual predators, but laws regarding specific age requirements for sexual consent are left to individual states, District of Columbia, and territories. Depending on the jurisdiction, the legal age of consent ranges from age 16 to age 18. In some places, civil and criminal laws within the same state conflict with each other. While the general age of consent is now set between 16 and 18 in

pos: Age of consent reform Georgia and Hawaii, from 14, raised in 1995 and 2001, respectively. As of August 1, 2018, the age of consent in each state in the United States was either 16 years of age, 17 years of age, or 18 years of age. In 2012, Alabama State Representative Mac McCutcheon sponsored a bill to raise the age of consent from 16 to 18. As of August 2018, the age of consent in Alabama remains 16. In 2001, the legislature in Hawaii voted to raise the age of consent from 14 to 16. In June 2005, a bill was proposed before the

pos: Ages of consent in Europe of Gibraltar. Since 2012, the age of consent in the Bailiwick of Guernsey (a Crown Dependency including Alderney, Herm and Sark) is 16, regardless of gender and/or sexual orientation. In 1983, male homosexual acts were decriminalised with the age of consent set at 21 (in line with the UK at that time). In 1999, the age of consent for male homosexual acts was lowered to 18. Then in 2012, the age of consent for male homosexual acts was equalised at 16, regardless of gender and/or sexual orientation. The age of consent in the Isle of Man, a Crown Dependency, is

pos: Ages of consent in the United States having consensual oral sex with a 15-year-old girl. In June 2005, a bill was proposed before the General Assembly of Georgia (USA) to raise the age of consent from 16 to 18. Georgia was notoriously resistant to raising its age of consent in the Progressive Era. In 1894, the Georgia Supreme Court reversed the conviction of a man convicted of raping a 10-year-old girl because the age of consent in Georgia was 10 at the time. Nonetheless, the Court recommended raising the Georgia age of consent, saying "the age of consent in many States is higher than in this State,

pos: Ages of consent in Europe Jersey, a Crown Dependency, is 16, last amended in 2007. Prior to 1990, sodomy was illegal in Jersey for both men and women until 1990 although the age of consent for homosexual acts other than sodomy was the same as for heterosexual acts. In 1990, the age of consent for sodomy between consenting males was set at 21 (the UK at that time maintained the age of consent of 21 for all homosexual acts between males). In 1995, the sodomy age of consent became 18 (under the Sexual Offences (Jersey) Law 1995). In 2007, the age of consent was lowered

pos: Ages of consent in Africa is clear about this. Male homosexuality in Kenya is illegal; female homosexuality is illegal. The age of consent is 14 years, regardless of sexual orientation and/or gender The age of consent in Liberia is 18. Statutory rape is a first-degree rape offense which carries a maximum sentence of life imprisonment. The age of consent was raised to 18, from 16, in 2009. During the Gaddafi government, the regular age of consent was 18, but sixteen-year-old girls could be married as long the parents consented. Pre-marital sex was illegal. After the 2011 revolution, the age of consent limit was removed. Presently,

pos: Ages of consent in Africa there is no defined age of consent, although sex is not allowed outside of marriage. However, the law is practically never enforced due to the Libyan Civil War. Age of consent is 14 years, according to article 331 in the Criminal Law. In certain cases, including relatives and homosexuals, it is 21 years. The age of consent is 16 regardless of sexual orientation and/or gender. The age of consent is 18 regardless of sexual orientation and/or gender. The age of consent is 16. However, under section 306 of the Legal Code, any act that violates Islamic morality is illegal, but

pos: Ages of consent in Asia is older than 14, but has not yet reached the age of sixteen, with consent. The penalty of imprisonment exceeding 10 years is the sentence for anyone who has sex with a woman who is over sixteen years but less than twenty one years, with consent. This age of consent applies to women who marry without the permission of their fathers. The Penal Code of Bangladesh considers 14 years as the age of consent. The age of consent in Bhutan is 18 regardless of gender or sexual orientation, according to Article 183 of the Penal Code of Bhutan. The age

pos: Ages of consent in the United States and should be made higher here; and a committee of ladies" is petitioning to do that. As it turned out, Georgia's age of consent would remain at 10 until 1918, and even then it was only raised to 14. Even after the 1918 law changes, Georgia still had the lowest age of consent in the country, because all 47 other states had already raised their ages of consent to 16 or 18. The Georgia age of consent remained at 14 until 1995, when a bill proposed by Steve Langford to make 16 the age of consent passed. The age of

pos: Ages of consent in North America 18 (16-17). Where an accused is charged with an offence under s. 151 (Sexual Interference), s. 152 (Invitation to sexual touching), s. 153(1) (Sexual exploitation), s. 160(3) (Bestiality in presence of or by child), or s. 173(2) (Indecent acts), or is charged with an offence under s. 271 (Sexual assault), s. 272 (Sexual assault with a weapon, threats to a third party, or causing bodily harm), or s. 273 (Aggravated sexual assault) in respect of a complainant under the age of sixteen years, it is not a defense that the complainant consented to the activity that forms the subject-matter of

pos: Ages of consent in Europe of consent to 18 was accepted by 427 votes to 162. Also during the readings were motions to equalise the age of consent to 17 for all, to maintain the age of consent for homosexual acts to 21, and a further attempt to lower the age of consent to 16, all of which were rejected. In 1997, the European Court of Human Rights case of "Sutherland" v "the United Kingdom" held that a higher age of consent for homosexuals than for heterosexuals was a breach of Article 14 in conjunction with Article 8 of the Convention. In response, the Government

pos: Ages of consent in Africa 18 for males. The age of consent is 18 regardless of sexual orientation and/or gender. Although Djiboutian law establishes that parties to a marriage should be 18 or over, there is an exemption in cases where minors may marry with the consent of their guardians. Effectively this means the age of consent is lower than 18, especially in rural areas; in 2007, 13.6% of married women under the age of 50 married before the age of 18. The age of consent in Egypt is 18 years, for heterosexual males and females. Sex work is illegal and the sex work law

pos: Age of consent reform in the United Kingdom could prove the existence of meaningful consent". The "Sexual Law Reform Society" proposed in September of that year lowering the age of consent to 14, with the requirement that below the age of 18 the burden of proof that consent for sexual activities between the parties existed would be the responsibility of the older participant. In March 1976, the National Council for Civil Liberties (NCCL), called for an equal age of consent of 14, or 10, in Britain. The submission to the Criminal Law Revision Committee generated extensive newspaper coverage. While the report recognised the merits of abolishing the age

pos: Ages of consent in Africa charge she was, deceived the person so charged into believing that she was over the age of sixteen (16) years at the said time.' In Niger, the age of consent is 13 years. The age of consent is 18 years. [Section 31 of the Child's Rights Act 2003. Also Sections 21 and 22 of the same Act prohibit Child marriage or betrothal.] However, homosexuality is illegal. The age of consent in Plazas de soberania for both males and females is 16, as it is under Spanish sovereignty, as of 1 July 2015. The age of consent in the Republic of

pos: Ages of consent in the United States (CA Penal Code § 261.5 (e)) There are separate crimes for committing sodomy with minors. (CA Penal code § 286) There are separate crimes for committing any lewd or lascivious act with a person under the age of 14. (CA Penal Code § 288) The age of consent, at the time applying only when the girl is the younger party, was 10 when California introduced its penal code in 1850. In 1889 the age of consent was raised to 14. In 1897 the age of consent became 16. The age of consent in California has been 18 since 1913. Some

pos: Ages of consent in the United States enforcement agency, considers the age of consent as 18. A Texas court case decision, Ex parte Fujisaka, argued that, in light of these two laws, the age of consent is considered to be 17. Texas age of consent is 17 years in regards to sexual activity alone. The age of consent is gender neutral and applies the same to both heterosexual and homosexual conduct and regardless of age difference. Like many other states, Texas does not enforce harsh penalties for individuals who have sex with someone under 17 as long as that person is not more than 3 years older

pos: Ages of consent in Africa According to the U.S. State Department, the Seychelles age of consent is "traditionally understood" to be 15 but that the country's statutes "fail to clearly define the ages of consent and legal majority"; according to the State Department this causes confusion in regards to the "traditionally understood" age of consent and the age of majority of 18 and therefore complicates enforcement of the law. The age of consent is 18 regardless of sexual orientation and/or gender, under the new Sexual Offenses Act 2012. Article 29 of the national constitution of Somalia defines a child as any individual under the age

pos: Ages of consent in the United States close-in-age exemption for those within four years of age. However, sexual relations between people 18 or older and people under 18 are illegal if they are in a "significant relationship". According to the Code of the District of Columbia, a relationship is considered "significant" if one of the partners is: Each U.S. state has its own general age of consent. As of August 1, 2018, the age of consent in each state in the United States is either 16 years of age, 17 years of age, or 18 years of age. The most common age of consent is 16, which

pos: Age of consent override the age of consent laws in the case of a married couple where one or both partners are below the age of consent. Some jurisdictions prohibit all sex outside of marriage irrespective of age, as in the case of Yemen. In many countries, there are specific laws dealing with child prostitution. In some countries, states, or other jurisdictions, the age of consent may be lower than the age at which a person can appear in pornographic images and films. In many jurisdictions, the minimum age for participation and even viewing such material is 18. As such, in some jurisdictions,

pos: Ages of consent in Asia her will. Secondly — Without her consent. Thirdly — With her consent, when her consent has been obtained by putting her in fear of death or hurt. Fourthly – With her consent, when the man knows that he is not her husband, and that her consent is given because she believes that he is another man to whom she is or believes herself to be lawfully married. "Fifthly" – "With or without her consent, when she is under fourteen years". The age of consent in Nepal is 18 regardless of gender or sexual orientation. The age of consent in North

pos: Ages of consent in Europe 16, last amended in 2006. Prior to 1992, sodomy was illegal, then under the "Sexual Offences (Isle Of Man) Act 1992" (after assent) the age of consent was set at 21 for sodomy (in line with the UK at that time). Then in 2001, the age of consent for male homosexual acts was lowered to 18 under the "Criminal Justice Act 2001". In 2006, under the "Sexual Offences (Amendment) Act 2006" the age of consent was lowered to 16, and became gender-neutral for all sexual conduct, regardless of sexual orientation or gender. The age of consent in the Bailiwick of

pos: Ages of consent in Africa the Congo is 18 regardless of sexual orientation and/or gender. Sex with a minor is punishable by up to 5 years in prison and a fine of 10,000,000 CFA. The age of consent in Rwanda is 18 years, regardless of sexual orientation and/or gender. The age of consent in São Tomé and Príncipe is 14 years, regardless of sexual orientation and/or gender. The age of consent in Senegal is 16 ("Article 320" deals with children under 16; "Article 319" deals with children under 13). Homosexual sex is illegal. The age of consent is 18 regardless of sexual orientation and/or gender.

pos: Ages of consent in Africa more severe for the older participant. The age of consent in Angola is 12 regardless of sexual orientation and/or gender. However, while rarely prosecuted, sexual relations with a child between the ages of 12 and 17 are considered sexual abuse which is punishable with up to 8 years in prison. The age of consent in Benin is 18 regardless of sexual orientation and/or gender. The age of consent is 16, but homosexuality is punishable by 7 years' imprisonment. The age of consent is equally set at 13 regardless of sexual orientation and/or gender. Under the new "Penal Code of 2009"

pos: Legal status of tattooing in the European Union but most tattoo parlours will refuse anyone under 18 No legislation found. 17 with parent's consent. Anyone the age of 18 or upwards does not need consent 14 or 15 in some parts of the country with parent's consent. 16, but most tattoo shops will refuse to tattoo you if you're under 18. There is no ilegal age for getting a tattoo in malta Legal status of tattooing in the European Union You may get a tattoo at the age of 17 with parental consent (this can be written) and without parental consent from the age of 18 upwards. In

pos: Ages of consent in Asia marriage below the minimum age, but it requires the consent of the legal guardian as well as the consent of the two persons to be married. Any kind of sexual activity outside marriage is illegal in Saudi Arabia. As of 2013, age of consent for marriage was expected to be set to 18, but this was opposed by the grand mufti. In 2013, no restrictions regarding age existed. The age of consent in Singapore is 16 for all opposite-sex activity and male and female same-sex sexual activity: "Section 140: (1) Any person who – (...) (i) has carnal connection with

pos: Ages of consent in Europe has some formal power over the young person, like a school teacher. Until 1971, homosexual acts were prohibited. After decriminalisation, the age of consent was set to 18 for homosexual acts and 16 for heterosexual acts. In 1999, the age of consent was harmonized at 16 for all sexual acts. According to the Åland Treaty, Finnish federal law is applied as the minimum standard. The age of consent is therefore 16. The age of consent in France is 15, as specified by Article 227-25 of the Penal Code, which reads: ""The fact of the commission without violence, constraint, threat or

pos: Ages of consent in Africa Parliament reformed and codified the law on sexual offences and made it gender-neutral. The common-law presumption relating to girls under 12 was replaced by a general presumption that children under 12 cannot consent. The act also fixed the age of consent at 16 for all sexual acts. In the 2008 case of "Geldenhuys v National Director of Public Prosecutions", the Constitutional Court held that the former difference in the ages of consent had been unconstitutional. The age of consent in South Sudan is 18. Age of sexual consent is 16, regardless of sexual orientation and/or gender Intercourse in Sudan is

pos: Ages of consent in Europe limits. Most of the changes were implemented in 2017, although the age of consent remained 17. The age of consent in Italy is 14 years, with a close-in-age exception that allows those aged 13 to engage in sexual activity with partners who are under the age of 18, provided that the age gap between them is less than 3 years. The age of consent rises to 16 if one of the participants has some kind of influence on the other (e.g. teacher, tutor, adoptive parent, etc.). Not knowing that the victim is underage is not a legal defense, except when

neg: Ages of consent in Africa a clear definition of morality does not exist in the country's laws, so it is very open to interpretation by local officials as to what is moral and what is not. Thus, many acts surrounding the age of consent could be considered illegal. The age of consent in Mauritius is 16 regardless of sexual orientation and/or gender. "Article 249" 'Rape, attempt upon chastity and illegal sexual intercourse' of the Penal Code: (...) Any person who has sexual intercourse with a female "'under the age of sixteen (16)", "even with consent", shall be liable to penal servitude not exceeding ten (10)

neg: Sexual Morality and the Law agreed that consent is a contractual notion. 'This notion of consent is a trap, in any case. What is sure is that the legal form of an intersexual consent is nonsense. No one signs a contract before making love', said Hocquenghem. The journalist Pierre Hahn asks twice about how to determine an age for consent: "Public opinion, including enlightened opinion such as that of the doctors of the Institute of Sexology ( L'Institut de Sexologie), asked at what age there can be said to be definite consent. It's a big problem. (...) If you were a legislator, you would fix

neg: Ages of consent in Asia are illegal if an adult practices them with the adolescent by "taking advantage of the inexperience" of that adolescent. (Article 178). Article 177. Sexual abuse of a minor: Article 178. Sexual acts with an adolescent: In Hong Kong the age of consent for sexual activity is 16 regardless of gender or sexual orientation. However, the age of consent for a female receiving anal sex is 21. Under s.124 of the Crimes Ordinance (Cap.200), a man who has unlawful sexual intercourse with a girl under the age of 16 shall be liable to imprisonment for 5 years. Under s.123 of the

neg: Age of Consent (band) always wanted to make dance music in some kind of capacity. However, there was a fine line dividing what they did in Shitdisco versus what they wanted to do in Age of Consent, and he knew it was important that the two better define those boundaries. The challenge, then, has not been to recreate the sound of Shitdisco, nor has it been to do something entirely different, but rather to compile the elements of the former project that they loved and place those into Age of Consent, mixing them alongside with new ideas. In January 2011 the two played their

neg: The Age of Consent (album) for singing like women." The album ranked at number 12 in "CMJ"s "Top 20 Most-Played Albums of 1985" list. John Dougan of AllMusic retrospectively described the album's songs as "compelling vignettes about the vagaries of life as a gay man" and "The Age of Consent" as "simply a great album, period." Bronski Beat Additional personnel The Age of Consent (album) The Age of Consent is the debut album by synthpop band Bronski Beat (Steve Bronski, Larry Steinbachek and Jimmy Somerville), released on London Records on 15 October 1984. This was the only album released by the band to feature Somerville,

neg: Teenage pregnancy with adults because it is held that in general (although certain limitations may still apply), reaching the age of consent enables a juvenile to consent to sex with any partner who has also reached that age. Therefore, the definition of statutory rape is limited to sex with a person under the minimum age of consent. What constitutes statutory rape ultimately differs by jurisdiction (see age of consent). Studies have indicated that adolescent girls are often in abusive relationships at the time of their conceiving. They have also reported that knowledge of their pregnancy has often intensified violent and controlling behaviors

neg: Consent means yes" and affirmative models, such as Hall's definition: "the voluntary approval of what is done or proposed by another; permission; agreement in opinion or sentiment." Hickman and Muehlenhard state that consent should be "free verbal or nonverbal communication of a feeling of willingness' to engage in sexual activity." Affirmative consent may still be limited since the underlying, individual circumstances surrounding the consent cannot always be acknowledged in the "yes means yes", or in the "no means no", model. Some individuals are unable to give consent. Children or minors below a certain age, the age of sexual consent in that

neg: Ages of consent in Europe considered outside "social-ethical norms". In the 1990s, the Netherlands gained international attention due to its policies regarding the age of consent. Between 1990 and 2002 the Netherlands operated what was in effect an age of consent of 12, subject to qualifications. The relevant law, passed in November, 1990, permitted sexual intercourse for young people between 12 and 16 in most circumstances, but allowed a challenge by parents or by the Child Protection Agency if there was evidence of exploitation. Although the age of consent was often reported internationally to be 12, this was partly misleading, because sexual acts up to

neg: Kosta Papić Kosta Papić Kosta Papić (; born 17 July 1960) is a Serbian football coach who has managed a number of African clubs in South Africa, Ghana, Nigeria and Tanzania. He became manager of the eSwatini national team in December 2018. Previous clubs: Kaizer Chiefs, Maritzburg United, Orlando Pirates (all South Africa); Lobi Stars, Enyimba, Enugu Rangers, Kwara United (all Nigeria) In December 2008, Kosta Papić moved to Ghana and coached Accra Hearts of Oak SC and left the club on mutual consent after leading with 10 points and 7 games to finish the season due to what he termed managerial

neg: S. L. v. Austria S. L. v. Austria S.L. v. Austria was a case in the European Court of Human Rights concerning the age of consent. Austrian law, under Article 209 of the Austrian Criminal Code, provided for higher age of consent for male homosexual relations than for other (heterosexual or female homosexual) relations. The judgment of the court was delivered on 9 January 2003. S.L. was born in 1981 and reported himself to have been sure of his homosexuality at the age of 15. He lived in a rural area where homosexuality is still taboo, and suffered from the fact that he could

neg: Laws regarding child sexual abuse Laws regarding child sexual abuse Laws against child sexual abuse vary by country based on the local definition of who a child is and what constitutes child sexual abuse. Most countries in the world employ some form of age of consent, with sexual contact with an underage person being criminally penalized. As the age of consent to sexual behaviour varies from country to country, so too do definitions of child sexual abuse. An adult's sexual intercourse with a minor below the legal age of consent may sometimes be referred to as statutory rape, based on the principle that any apparent

neg: Ages of consent in Asia Crimes Ordinance, a man who has unlawful sexual intercourse with a girl under the age of 13 shall be liable to imprisonment for life. Under s.122 of the Crimes Ordinance, a person under the age of 16 cannot in law give any consent which would prevent an act being an assault for the purposes of indecent assault. Hence, a woman who has sexual activity with a boy or a girl under 16 will be prosecuted under this section. The previous position regarding homosexual couples is contained in s.118C which provides that a man who commits or suffers to commit buggery

neg: Gopal Krishna Gokhale listen to him and considered Tilak's activities as sedituious and his arrest necessary for the maintenance of law and order. Gokhale’s one major difference with Tilak centred around one of his pet issues, the Age of Consent Bill introduced by the British Imperial Government, in 1891–92. Gokhale and his fellow liberal reformers, wishing to purge what they saw as superstitions and abuses in their native Hinduism, supported the Consent Bill to curb child marriage abuses. Though the Bill was not extreme, only raising the age of consent from ten to twelve, Tilak took issue with it; he did not object

neg: Peter Tatchell are given a more comprehensive sex education at a younger date. He was quoted in the OutRage!'s press release as saying "Young people have a right to accept or reject sex, according to what they feel is appropriate for them". Leo McKinstry, in "The Sun", called the release "a perverts' charter". In 1997 Tatchell wrote a letter to "The Guardian", defending an academic book about "boy-love", calling the work "courageous", before writing: Tatchell has since reiterated that he does not condone adults having sex with children. On his personal website, under the subsection "Age of Consent", he writes: On Tatchell's

neg: Age of consent reform Age of consent reform Age of consent reform is efforts to change age of consent laws. Proposed reforms typically include raising, lowering, or abolishing the age of consent, applying (or not applying) close-in-age exemptions, changing penalties, or changing how cases are examined in court. A related issue is whether or not to apply ages of consent to homosexual relationships that are different from those applied to heterosexual relationships. Organized efforts have ranged from academic discussions to political petitions. There have been many initiatives to raise the age of consent. Gratian, a canon lawyer in the 12th century, stated that consent

neg: Age of consent young age would potentially also increase risk of persistence of HPV infections that cause the very HPV induced cancers that are being diagnosed in spiking numbers of relatively young people. Age-of-consent reform refers to the efforts of some individuals or groups, for different reasons, to alter or abolish age-of-consent laws. These efforts advocate five main positions: Age of consent The age of consent is the age below which a minor is considered to be legally incompetent to consent to sexual acts. Consequently, an adult who engages in sexual activity with a minor younger than the age of consent cannot claim

neg: Sex and the law in many countries often intervenes in sexual activity involving young or adolescent children below the legal age of consent, non-consensual deliberate displays or illicit watching of sexual activity, sex with close relatives (incest), harm to animals, acts involving the deceased (necrophilia), and also when there is harassment, nuisance, fear, injury, or assault of a sexual nature, or serious risk of abuse of certain professional relationships. Separately, the law usually regulates or controls the censorship of pornographic or obscene material as well. A rape charge can only be issued when a person(s) of any age does not provide consent for sexual

neg: Equatorial Guinea–Nigeria Maritime Boundary Treaty installations, and existing resource consent licences. The full name of the treaty is "Treaty between the Federal Republic of Nigeria and the Republic of Equatorial Guinea concerning their maritime boundary". Equatorial Guinea–Nigeria Maritime Boundary Treaty The Equatorial Guinea – Nigeria Maritime Boundary Treaty is a 2000 treaty between Equatorial Guinea and Nigeria which delimits a portion of the maritime boundary between the two countries. The treaty was signed in Malabo on 23 September 2000 by Equatoguinean president Teodoro Obiang Nguema Mbasogo and Nigerian president Olusegun Obasanjo. The boundary set out by the text of the treaty does not demarcate the

neg: Age of consent Age of consent The age of consent is the age below which a minor is considered to be legally incompetent to consent to sexual acts. Consequently, an adult who engages in sexual activity with a minor younger than the age of consent cannot claim that the sexual activity was consensual, and such sexual activity may be considered statutory rape. The person below the minimum age is regarded as the victim and their sex partner is regarded as the offender, unless both are underage. The purpose of setting an age of consent is to protect an underage person from sexual advances.

neg: Ages of consent in Europe communist regime, the code was modified several time, and, in 1969, a new penal code came into effect. Nevertheless, the age of consent of 14 was maintained. Article 198 of the 1969 code read: "Sexual intercourse with a female person who has not attained the age of 14 is punishable by imprisonment of one to five years." In a case of rape, similarly with the previous code, the victim being under 14 constituted an aggravating factor (Article 197). The late 1990s and the early 21st century saw major modifications to the criminal code, in an effort to modify what was

neg: School violence schools, for example, through household surveys? Or through online surveys where students have access to the internet? Or is it better to rely on mechanisms for reporting incidents of violence in educational institutions when they are available, either in the schools themselves or outside schools (governmental hotlines, internet-based reporting systems, police and justice sectors, etc.)? What questions can be asked of children, using terminology that is easy to understand, age-appropriate and culturally sensitive? In most countries there are strict rules related to research involving children, as they are under the age of consent. Therefore, requesting informed consent from the children

neg: Sexual consent Children or minors below a certain age, the age of sexual consent in that jurisdiction, are deemed not able to give valid consent by law to sexual acts. The age of consent is the age below which a minor is considered to be legally incompetent to consent to sexual acts. Consequently, an adult who engages in sexual activity with a minor younger than the age of consent cannot claim that the sexual activity was consensual, and such sexual activity may be considered statutory rape. The person below the minimum age is regarded as the victim and his or her sex

neg: Rape in Islamic law considered rape when there is no consent and no deliberate action from the victim. In Mālik’s view, rape refers to any kind of unlawful sexual intercourse (zinā) by usurpation and without consent. This includes instances when the condition of the victims prevents them from expressing their resistance, such as insanity, sleep or being under age. The Ḥanbalites, similar to the Mālikites, consider the use of any kind of force as a denial of consent from the victim. The threat of starvation or suffering the cold of winter are also regarded as against one's will. Classical Islamic law defined what today

neg: Chimezie Ikeazor Degree (LL.D) by the Nnamdi Azikiwe University - Awka, Nigeria for his contributions to the Legal Profession in Nigeria. He recently celebrated his 80th birthday, giving him entrance into the revered Native "Ito-Ogbo" Society of Obosi, comprising the elite of the elders in the community who have attained the landmark age. Chief Ikeazor has been involved over the years in several celebrated Judicial decisions in the area of Administrative Law, notably Anyebe V The State (1986) 1 S. C. 87 (Covering the power of the Attorney-General to institute or assume responsibility for prosecution in Nigeria); and more recently several Election

neg: Ages of consent in the United States years of age or older who engages in sexual activity with a person 16 or 17 years of age commits a felony of the second degree, punishable as provided in s. 775.082, s. 775.083, or s. 775.084. As used in this section, "sexual activity" means oral, anal, or vaginal penetration by, or union with, the sexual organ of another; however, sexual activity does not include an act done for a bona fide medical purpose Florida code, Title XLVI, Chapter 794 A new law passed in 2007 stated that people convicted of statutory rape may be removed from the sex offender

neg: Colonial history of Northern Nigeria rest of its caliphate shortly after. On March 13, 1903, the Grand Shura of the Sokoto Caliphate conceded to Lugard's demands. Lugard became governor; with limited resources, he administered the region with the consent of local rulers. He governed through a policy of indirect rule, which he developed into a sophisticated political theory. Lugard left the protectorate after some years, serving in Hong Kong, but eventually returned to work in Nigeria, where he decided on the merger of the Northern Nigeria Protectorate with Southern Nigeria in 1914. Agitation for independence from the radically different Southern Protectorate, however, led to a

neg: Ages of consent in the United States all U.S. states, the age of consent has widely varied across the country in the past. In 1880, the age of consent was set at 10 or 12 in most states, with the exception of Delaware where it was 7. The ages of consent were raised across the U.S. during the late 19th century and the early 20th century. By 1920 ages of consent generally rose to 16–18 and small adjustments to these laws occurred after 1920. The final state to raise its age of general consent was Hawaii, which changed it from 14 to 16 in 2001. Age-of-consent laws

neg: Ages of consent in North America must be of legal age to give consent, although exceptions to the age of consent law exist in some jurisdictions when the minor and his or her partner are within a certain number of years in age or when a minor is married to his/her partner. Persons below the age of consent may not, by law, give consent, and sexual relations involving such persons may be punished by criminal sanctions similar to those for rape or sexual assault. Non-violent sexual contact with persons under the age of consent may be punished with varying degrees of severity, ranging from a misdemeanor

neg: Age of consent reform in the United Kingdom early age", considering that sex is "natural behaviour". She favoured lowering the age of consent to 12 in the UK while labeling the criminalisation of sexual activity under the age of 16 as "laughably unrealistic". Age of consent reform in the United Kingdom Since the 1970s, a number of movements have taken place in the United Kingdom in favour of reforming or abolishing the age of consent, in support of children's rights, gay liberationism or, more recently, "as a means to avoid unwanted pregnancies, and sexually transmitted infections via education and health promotion". In 1275, the first age of consent

neg: Sex and the law injuries caused. "(See Consent (BDSM))" Other jurisdictions permit sadomasochistic conduct so long as the participants consent to the conduct. While the phrases "age of consent" or "statutory rape" typically do not appear in legal statutes, when used in relation to sexual activity, the age of consent is the minimum age at which a person is considered to be legally competent of consenting to engage in sexual acts. This should not be confused with the age of majority, age of criminal responsibility, or the marriageable age. The age of consent varies from jurisdiction to jurisdiction. The median seems to range from

neg: Toke Makinwa TV Network. In 2010, she hosted the Most Beautiful Girl in Nigeria beauty pageant. In November 2016, Makinwa released her autobiography "On Becoming." It tells of her struggles in life after she lost her parents in a house fire at the age of 8, as well as growing up and her version of what led to the break down of her marriage to Maje Ayida. In 2013, Makinwa became an ambassador of the United Africa Company of Nigeria alongside Osas Ighodaro, Dare Art Alade and Dan Foster. She also signed a multi-million naira contract with Nestlé Nigeria to become the

neg: Homosexuality in society or bisexual, the same percentage as in 2004." An estimated 34,000 homosexuals who are in a relationship are employed by the federal government. Most nations do not impede consensual sex between unrelated persons above the local age of consent. Some jurisdictions further recognize identical rights, protections, and privileges for the family structures of same-sex couples, including marriage. Some nations mandate that all individuals restrict themselves to heterosexual relationships; that is, in some jurisdictions homosexual activity is illegal. Offenders can face the death penalty in some fundamentalist Muslim areas such as Iran and parts of Nigeria. There are, however, often significant

neg: Age of consent reform in Canada Age of consent reform in Canada Age of consent law in Canada refers to cultural and legal discussions in Canada regarding the age of consent, which was raised from 14 to 16 in May 2008 as part of the Tackling Violent Crime Act. This applies to all forms of sexual activity. In June 2006, the Canadian government proposed a bill to raise the age of consent from 14 to 16, while creating a close-in-age exemption for sex between 14–15 year olds and partners less than 5 years older, and keeping an existing close-in-age clause for sex between 12–13 year olds

neg: Age of consent The term "age of consent" rarely appears in legal statutes. Generally, a law will instead establish the age below which it is illegal to engage in sexual activity with that person. It has sometimes been used with other meanings, such as the age at which a person becomes competent to consent to marriage, but the meaning given above is the one now generally understood. It should not be confused with other laws regarding age minimums including, but not limited to, the age of majority, age of criminal responsibility, voting age, drinking age, and driving age. Age of consent laws vary

neg: Age of Consent (film) on DVD in the UK, released by Sony Pictures, rated 12 by the BBFC and has the original score. It was also shown on TV. It premiered on Film Four in the UK in December 2012. Umbrella Entertainment released a DVD of the restored version in Australia in July 2012 with special features including Martin Scorsese on "Age of Consent", audio commentary with historian Kent Jones, the making of "Age of Consent", Helen Mirren: A Conversation with Cora, and Down Under with Ron and Valerie Taylor. Age of Consent (film) Age of Consent (also known as Norman Lindsay's Age of

neg: Age of consent reform effect in September of that year. A 2011 Romeo and Juliet bill failed to pass in the Illinois legislature. In the State v. Limon case, Kansas's Romeo and Juliet law was found to be unconstitutional because it excluded same-sex sexual conduct. Some countries other than the United States also have Romeo and Juliet laws. Ireland's 2006 law has been contested because it treats girls differently from boys. Age of consent reform Age of consent reform is efforts to change age of consent laws. Proposed reforms typically include raising, lowering, or abolishing the age of consent, applying (or not applying) close-in-age

neg: Age of consent reform in Canada 14- and 15-year-olds: "When we deal with arbitrary cut-offs, we lose the flexibility to apply the law in a much more specific and individualized kind of way." Age of consent reform in Canada Age of consent law in Canada refers to cultural and legal discussions in Canada regarding the age of consent, which was raised from 14 to 16 in May 2008 as part of the Tackling Violent Crime Act. This applies to all forms of sexual activity. In June 2006, the Canadian government proposed a bill to raise the age of consent from 14 to 16, while creating a

neg: Ages of consent in North America sexual passion or desire of the accused ... shall be punished ... when the victim has not attained the age of sixteen (16) years at the time of the act. The age of consent in Saint Kitts and Nevis is 16. The age of consent in Saint Lucia is 16. The age of consent in Saint Vincent and the Grenadines is 15. The penalty for statutory rape of a girl over 13 but under 15 is five years' imprisonment; under 13 it is life imprisonment. The age of consent in Sint Maarten is 15, as specified by the Criminal Code

neg: Ages of consent in Asia detention..." "Any person who has sexual intercourse with a female relative to the third generation under the age of 15 with her consent and the offence leads to her death, to pregnancy or loss of virginity [is punishable by death]." However, the age of consent might change in the future to age nine for females and 15 for males. However, some reporters believe that the draft suggests that there will not be an age of consent. According to the Israeli Penal Code of 1977 the age of consent in Israel is 16 regardless of gender or sexual orientation, for any

neg: Dynamic consent information is used, for what purpose and which parties have a copy. They are not usually given the opportunity to declare their specific consents and privacy-related personal data management preferences. Secondly, with regard to consent: informed consent requires a person to know in advance what they are agreeing to and what the likely risks and benefits of agreeing will be. But with these large, linked data sets, it is often not clear at the time someone is asked to consent how their data will be used in the future. This is known as a broad consent or a blanket consent.

neg: Consent Consent Consent occurs when one person voluntarily agrees to the proposal or desires of another. It is a term of common speech, but may have more specific definitions in such fields as the law, medicine, research, and sexual relationships. Types of consent include implied consent, expressed consent, informed consent and unanimous consent. Consent as understood in specific contexts may differ from its everyday meaning. For example, a person with a mental disorder, a low mental age, or under the legal age of sexual consent may willingly engage in a sexual act that still fails to meet the legal threshold for

neg: Yakubu (footballer) 13 February 2017, Yakubu signed for Coventry City until the end of the 2016–17 season. On 5 April 2017, having featured only three times due to suffering a hamstring injury, Yakubu's Coventry City contract was terminated by mutual consent. He announced his retirement from football on 22 November 2017. Yakubu has scored 21 goals in his 57 appearances for Nigeria since his 2000 debut. He is currently the third highest ever international goalscorer for Nigeria. In September 2000, Yakubu featured in Nigeria's squad for the 2000 Summer Olympics in Australia. Nigeria were the holders for the tournament. Then of Maccabi

neg: Ages of consent in Europe texts, which have caused difficulty among the jurisprudence and doctrine, and several cases ended to the High Court of Cassation and Justice in order to clarify the interpretation of the law. Finally, a new criminal code entered into force on 1 February 2014. The age of consent in Russia is 16. The age of consent changed several times in Russian history: the "Criminal Code of RSFSR" (Russian Soviet Federal Socialist Republic) stated "sexual maturity" as the age of consent; when the "Criminal Code of Russia" was adopted in 1996, the age of consent was proclaimed to be the same regardless

neg: Ages of consent in North America of sexual orientation and/or gender. The Tackling Violent Crime Act took effect on 1 May 2008, raising the age of consent from 14 to 16. There exist two close-in-age exemptions, depending on the age of the younger partner. A youth of twelve or thirteen can consent to sexual activity with an individual less than two years older than they. A fourteen- or fifteen-year-old can consent to sexual activity with a partner who is less than five years older than they. Criminal law (including the definition of the age of consent) is in the exclusive jurisdiction of the federal government, so

neg: Ages of consent in South America through seduction, blackmail, harassment, deceit, threat or similar means. The age of sexual consent in the Falkland Islands is 16, regardless of sexual orientation or gender since 2006. The age of sexual consent is 16, regardless of sexual orientation or gender since 2006. The age of consent in Guyana is 16. The age of consent was raised from 13 to 16 on October 31, 2005, by a unanimous resolution of the Guyanese parliament. Whilst male homosexual 'indecency' and all attempted anal sex carries a 10-year sentence, anal sex itself is punishable with life imprisonment. Female homosexual activity is not mentioned

neg: Age of consent reform in the United Kingdom Age of consent reform in the United Kingdom Since the 1970s, a number of movements have taken place in the United Kingdom in favour of reforming or abolishing the age of consent, in support of children's rights, gay liberationism or, more recently, "as a means to avoid unwanted pregnancies, and sexually transmitted infections via education and health promotion". In 1275, the first age of consent was set in England, at age 12 (Westminster 1 statute). In 1875, the Offences Against the Person Act raised the age to 13 in Great Britain and Ireland, and ten years later the Criminal Law

neg: Capital punishment in Nigeria Capital punishment in Nigeria Capital punishment is a legal penalty in Nigeria. Methods of executions include hanging and shooting and capital crimes include murder, terrorism-related offenses, rape, robbery, kidnapping, sodomy, homosexuality, blasphemy, adultery, incest, assisting the suicide of a person legally unable to consent, perjury in a capital case causing wrongful execution, treason, some military offences like mutiny and practice of indigenous beliefs in states applying Shariah law. During the Nigerian military juntas of 1966–79 and 1983–98, the government used capital punishment against political opponents, most notoriously when General Sani Abacha ordered the execution of the Ogoni Nine by hanging

neg: Age of consent reform in the United Kingdom should be lowered from 16. Contemporary arguments for lowering the age of consent in the United Kingdom do not necessarily comprise values like individual freedom or children's rights. Specifically, they tend to focus on a pragmatic analysis of a new situation, including puberty at earlier ages, a higher proportion of young people sexually active below the age of consent and a trend to negotiate sexual behavior in secrecy in certain age groups. Sociologist Matthew Waites, author of "The age of Consent – Young People, Sexuality and Citizenship", observed that: By the mid-1970s the case for a lower minimum age for

neg: Ages of consent in the United States in which a person may consent, but rather consent varies depending upon the minimum age of the younger party, the minimum age of the older party, or the differences in age. Some states have a single age of consent. Thirty U.S. states have age gap laws which make sexual activity legal if the ages of both participants are close to one another, and these laws are often referred to as "Romeo and Juliet laws". Other states have measures which reduce penalties if the two parties are close in age, and others provide an affirmative defense if the two parties are