query: who wrote the battle hymm of the republic

pos: Battle Hymn of the Republic (1918) also record the Tiger Battalion's role in creating the John Brown Song, confirming the general thrust of Kimball's version with a few additional details. Kimball's battalion was dispatched to Murray, Kentucky, early in the Civil War, and Julia Ward Howe heard this song during a public review of the troops outside Washington, D.C., on Upton Hill, Virginia. Rufus R. Dawes, then in command of Company "K" of the 6th Wisconsin Volunteer Infantry, stated in his memoirs that the man who started the singing was Sergeant John Ticknor of his company. Howe's companion at the review, The Reverend James Freeman

pos: Pardon Tillinghast Westcott, and granddaughter of early Providence proprietor Stukeley Westcott. One of Joseph's descendants by a second marriage was writer Richard Henry Dana, Jr. Tillinghast's granddaughter Mary, daughter of son John, married Richard Ward who served briefly as the Deputy Governor of the Rhode Island colony, then served a one-year term as Governor. Their son, Samuel Ward served several terms as Governor of the colony and became one of Rhode Island's two delegates to the Continental Congress. Samuel Ward's great granddaughter, Julia Ward Howe, was the noted writer and poet who wrote the lyrics to "The Battle Hymn of the Republic".

pos: William Weston Patton John Brown was John the Baptist of the Christ we are to see, Christ who of the bondmen shall the Liberator be, And soon thruout the Sunny South the slaves shall all be free, For his soul is marching on.These themes were further refined two months later by Julia Ward Howe; her version came to be known as "The Battle Hymn of the Republic". Where Patton only wrote ""of the Christ we are to see"", Howe testified that "her eyes" had already ""seen the glory of the coming of the Lord"". Patton graduated at the New York University in 1839

pos: The Saga of King Olaf Serpent": "By some inscrutable magic you contrive to suggest a parallel picture of a modern frigate." The work was the favorite poem of American President Theodore Roosevelt. He compared the inspirational nature of the poem to "The Battle Hymn of the Republic" by Julia Ward Howe. As he wrote to literary critic Martha Baker Dunn, "if a boy or girl likes [the "Saga"] well enough to learn most of it by heart and feel the spirit of it, just as they ought to like Julia Ward Howe's battle hymn, they will always have in them something to which an appeal

pos: Laura E. Richards Laura E. Richards Laura Elizabeth Howe Richards (February 27, 1850 – January 14, 1943) was an American writer. She wrote more than 90 books including biographies, poetry, and several for children. One well-known children's poem is her literary nonsense verse "Eletelephony". Laura Elizabeth Howe was born in Boston, Massachusetts, on February 27, 1850. Her father was Dr. Samuel Gridley Howe, an abolitionist and the founder of the Perkins Institution and Massachusetts School for the Blind. She was named after his famous deaf-blind pupil Laura Bridgman. Her mother Julia Ward Howe wrote the words to "The Battle Hymn of the Republic".

neg: Battle of Kruty then President of the Ukrainian People's Republic, Mykhailo Hrushevsky, called every one of the 400 students who fought in the battle, heroes. In addition, poet Pavlo Tychyna wrote about the heroic death of the students. After the fall of the Ukrainian People's Republic the bodies of the students were moved to the Lukyanivske Cemetery in Kiev. The true story of the battle was hidden by the Soviet Government. Only recently, a monument was set up to commemorate the 80th anniversary of the Battle of Kruty at Askold's Grave, and a commemorative hryvnia coin was minted. In 2006, the Kruty Heroes

neg: Battle of Cannae force: the nucleus of Scipio's army at Zama was composed of veterans who had been fighting the Carthaginians in Hispania for nearly sixteen years, and had been moulded into a superb fighting force. Cannae is as famous for Hannibal's tactics as it is for the role it played in Roman history. Not only did Hannibal inflict a defeat on the Roman Republic in a manner unrepeated for over a century until the lesser-known Battle of Arausio, the battle has acquired a significant reputation in military history. As military historian Theodore Ayrault Dodge wrote: As Will Durant wrote, "It was a

neg: Stefan Lazarević and completely defeated Đurađ. Constantine of Kostenets wrote how Stefan "bloodied the right hand of his" (slewing), and Orbini wrote that Despot Stefan won the battle "more with strategy than the courage of his soldiers". After the battle, Lazarević brothers withdrew to the fortified city of Novo Brdo. Despot Stefan managed to take power in the country, with great help from the reputation and work of his mother Milica (who was also politically active). The Lazarević–Branković conflict continued. In December 1402, the Republic of Ragusa expressed great regret of the conflicts in Serbia. In March 1403, Sultan Bayezid died in

neg: Siege of Groenlo (1627) horsemen in Grol, as to defend it from future attacks. The complete circumvallation line was destroyed and all trenches filled, to prevent them from being used by future attackers. Archbishop of Utrecht Philippus Rovenius, who resided in the city during the siege, was allowed to leave. Grol was now under the Republic and would remain so until the end of the war. The victory was celebrated greatly in the Republic. The Spaniards had finally been beaten after many losses. Hugo de Groot wrote all the details of the battle in his 'Grollae Obsidio' and Joost van den Vondel wrote a

neg: Battle of Changhsing towards the local population. On the other hand, out of respect toward the defenders, the Japanese commander personally paid homage to the Formosan dead. In 1901, Governor-General Kodama Gentaro also paid homage at the Chung-Yi house, or the "House of the Loyal and Just Ones" (), and ordered an annual commemoration to be held. Several decades after the battle, Yu Youren, the then chairman of Control Yuan of Republic of China, visited the site of the battle and wrote a poem praising the Formosan resistance: A monument was dedicated in 1995 to the Formosans who fell in the battle. Battle

neg: Battle of Meloria (1284) several of his sons and grandsons, an event recounted in the 32nd canto of Dante's "Inferno". One famous captive of the battle was Rustichello da Pisa, who co-wrote Marco Polo's account of his travels, "Il Milione". Battle of Meloria (1284) The Battle of Meloria was fought near the islet of Meloria in the Ligurian Sea on 5 and 6 August 1284 between the fleets of the Republics of Genoa and Pisa as part of the Genoese-Pisan War. The victory of Genoa and the destruction of the Pisan fleet marked the decline of the Republic of Pisa. In the 13th century,

neg: Battle Hymn of the Republic Clarke, suggested to Howe that she write new words for the fighting men's song. Staying at the Willard Hotel in Washington on the night of November 18, 1861, Howe wrote the verses to the "Battle Hymn of the Republic." Of the writing of the lyrics, Howe remembered: Howe's "Battle Hymn of the Republic" was first published on the front page of "The Atlantic Monthly" of February 1862. The sixth verse written by Howe, which is less commonly sung, was not published at that time. The song was also published as a broadside in 1863 by the Supervisory Committee for Recruiting

neg: Maritime republics of thousands. Among them was the poet Rustichello da Pisa, who met Marco Polo (captured during the Battle of Curzola) and wrote down the adventures of the Venetian explorer. The Battle of Meloria greatly reduced the power of the Pisan Republic, which never regained its leading role in the western Mediterranean. Pisa had lost thousands of young men in the battle, causing a population collapse. Venice did not intervene to help its ally Pisa in its crisis. Some historians consider this decision to have been an error on the part of Venice, which yielded supremacy of the Tyrrhenian Sea to

neg: John Coker was not wounded in the battle but his service record states that at the battle of San Jacinto, John Coker lost a horse valued at $175, when it was shot during the battle (4). In 1838 in recognition for his service, the Republic of Texas awarded him in north central Bexar County, where he settled in 1841 and founded Coker Community (2). He is buried in the Coker family plot in the Coker Cemetery (1). Young Perry Alsbury wrote of John Coker, "He is a man who is second to none in honesty of purpose, valor and patriotism." (2) John

neg: The Warlord: Battle for the Galaxy With the "Osiris" and "Daedalus" as the only relics of the Old Galaxy Republic, it is a new beginning for humanity’s reemergence to the stars. Rod Taylor played a role originally meant for Christopher Lee. The budget was $10 million. The Warlord: Battle for the Galaxy The Warlord: Battle for the Galaxy (also known as The Osiris Chronicles) is a science fiction film which aired on January 27, 1998 on television. The film is written by screenwriter Caleb Carr, who wrote the novel "The Alienist", and directed by Joe Dante. It was intended to be the pilot for a series

neg: Historiography of the Battle of France "L'Etrange Defaite temoignage ecrit en 1940" (Strange Defeat: A Statement of Evidence Written in 1940) was an account written by the Medieval historian Marc Bloch and published posthumously in 1946. Bloch raised most of the issues historians have debated since and he blamed French leadership, Guilt was widespread; Carole Fink wrote that Bloch Martin Alexander (2001) wrote that many early French writers followed Bloch, asking why the French people accepted and even welcomed the defeat of the Third Republic. In "The French Defeat of 1940: Reassessments" (1997), Stanley Hoffman, a Frenchman who taught political science at Harvard, wrote that there

neg: Bright Week the Ascension. During Bright Week the Paschal Verses (from Psalm 67) are sung responsorially with the Paschal troparion at the beginning of the Divine Liturgy, in place of Psalm 103 at the beginning of vespers and in place of the Six Psalms at the beginning of matins. Everything in the services is sung joyfully rather than read. Thus, for example, while censing the church before the Divine Liturgy, the deacon recites a Paschal hymm in place of Psalm 50. Normally, the entire Psalter is read during the course of a week (and twice a week during Great Lent), but during

neg: Amway lot better for a whole lot less money". Amway's health and beauty brands include Artistry, Satinique, Hymm, Body Series, Glister, "Moiskin" (South America), Nutrilite, "Nutriway" (Scandinavia and Australia/New Zealand), "Attitude" (India), eSpring, "Atmosphere" and "iCook" as well as "XL" and XS Energy drinks. Other Amway brands that were discontinued or replaced include Tolsom, Eddie Funkhouser New York, or beautycycle (Eastern Europe). Amway's Artistry products include skin care, cosmetics, and anti-aging creams and serums. In 2011, Artistry brand reached sales of $2.8 billion. Amway's largest selling brand is the Nutrilite range of health supplements (marketed as Nutriway in some countries), and

neg: Suicide attack student revolutionaries wanting to fight against Qing dynasty rule. Dr. Sun Yatsen and Huang Xing promoted the Dare to Die corps. Huang said, "We must die, so let us die bravely." Suicide squads were formed by Chinese students going into battle, knowing that they would be killed fighting against overwhelming odds. The 72 Martyrs of Huanghuagang died in the uprising that began the Wuchang Uprising, and were recognized as heroes and martyrs by the Kuomintang party and the Republic of China. The martyrs in the Dare to Die Corps who died in battle wrote letters to family members before heading

neg: Battle of Lekkerbeetje Battle of Lekkerbeetje The Battle of Lekkerbeetje or Lekkerbeetken (5 February 1600) was a cavalry duel fought by pre-arrangement on Vughterheide near 's-Hertogenbosch, North Brabant, between 22 Brabantine cavalrymen loyal to Albert VII, Archduke of Austria, garrisoned in 's-Hertogenbosch, and 22 French cavalrymen serving in the army of the Dutch Republic. In the winter of 1599-1600, a lull in the campaigning season, soldiers of the Army of Flanders garrisoned in 's-Hertogenbosch, commanded by Anthonie II Schetz, Baron of Grobbendonk, brought in a French prisoner, a cavalry lieutenant in the service of the Republic. When the prisoner wrote to his captain,

neg: Pierre de Bréauté 17 December 1596. Pierre de Bréauté Piere de Bréauté, lord of Bréauté (1580–1600) was a nobleman from Normandy who died at the age of 19 as a cavalry captain in the service of the Dutch Republic, in a cavalry duel known as the Battle of Lekkerbeetje. In the winter of 1599-1600, a lull in the campaigning season, troops from the Army of Flanders garrisoned in 's-Hertogenbosch brought in a French prisoner, a cavalry lieutenant in the service of the Republic. When the prisoner wrote to his captain, Pierre de Bréauté, asking that money be sent to ransom him, Bréauté replied

neg: Pierre de Bréauté Pierre de Bréauté Piere de Bréauté, lord of Bréauté (1580–1600) was a nobleman from Normandy who died at the age of 19 as a cavalry captain in the service of the Dutch Republic, in a cavalry duel known as the Battle of Lekkerbeetje. In the winter of 1599-1600, a lull in the campaigning season, troops from the Army of Flanders garrisoned in 's-Hertogenbosch brought in a French prisoner, a cavalry lieutenant in the service of the Republic. When the prisoner wrote to his captain, Pierre de Bréauté, asking that money be sent to ransom him, Bréauté replied that he should

neg: First Triumvirate achievements in the Battle of the Colline Gate (82 BC) and in the Third Servile War (71 BC) were now a fading memory. Plutarch also wrote that Caesar wrote to Crassus from Gaul, approving of his intentions and spurring him to war. In 54 BC, as Caesar continued his campaigns in Gaul and Crassus undertook his campaign against the Parthians, Pompey was the only member of the triumvirate left in Rome. Because Cicero, grateful for his recall, no longer opposed Pompey, Cato became the triumvirate's main opponent. With bribery and corruption rampant throughout the Republic, Cato, who was elected praetor

neg:
The Minnesota State Hymn The Minnesota State Hymn The Minnesota State Hymm is the institutional anthem of the Minnesota State University, Mankato. It is played at all graduation and official ceremonies. It was written by C.K. Waterman and Paul Karvonen. "Minnesota State, we hail; Hail the purple and the gold
 "All alumni, old and new, take you with them when they go.
 "From the hilltop, from the prairie"
 "Where the river bends to lead them"
 "We are walking proud and strong, Minnesota State on and on."
 "Racha Macha, MSU, now and always we'll be true"
 "In the classroom, on the mall, by the fountain,

neg:
The Minnesota State Hymn spring or fall"
 "In the cities, in their towers, in the nations far from home."
 "Minnesota State we hail to you."
 "Purple and gold we're ever true."
 The Minnesota State Hymn The Minnesota State Hymm is the institutional anthem of the Minnesota State University, Mankato. It is played at all graduation and official ceremonies. It was written by C.K. Waterman and Paul Karvonen. "Minnesota State, we hail; Hail the purple and the gold
 "All alumni, old and new, take you with them when they go.
 "From the hilltop, from the prairie"
 "Where the river bends to lead them"
 "We are

neg: Battle of Jutphaas Battle of Jutphaas The Battle of Jutphaas, also known as the Battle of the Vaart or the Battle of Vreeswijk, occurred on 9 May 1787 on the banks of the Vaartsche Rijn canal near Jutphaas and Vreeswijk between Orangists and Patriots. The battle was part of an ever-escalating conflict, dubbed a "civil war" by some, in the Dutch Republic. Orangists, who supported stadtholder William V, Prince of Orange and his aristocratic stadtholderian regime, stood against democratic Patriots, who favoured a new democratic republic and the abolition of nobility and the Orange stadtholderate. Aristocratic Patriots or "Old Patriots", who previously cooperated

neg: Battle of Perast On 9 June 1654, Perast sent a delegation to Venice with the request to be abolished from paying taxes on their vine for next ten years. Venetian senate accepted their request. Andrija Zmajević wrote a poem "Boj peraški" (Battle of Perast) dedicated to celebrating this event. Another poem ("Spjevanje događaja boja peraškoga") about this battle was written by Perast Catholic friar Ivan Krušala. Battle of Perast The Battle of Perast () was a battle for control over Venetian held Perast (modern day Montenegro) fought in 1654 between defending forces of Venetian Republic from Perast accompanied by hajduks and attacking forces

neg: Battle of Asculum Battle of Asculum The Battle of Asculum took place in 279 BC between the Roman Republic under the command of the consuls Publius Decius Mus and Publius Sulpicius Saverrio and the forces of king Pyrrhus of Epirus. The battle took place during the Pyrrhic War, after the Battle of Heraclea of 280 BC, which was the first battle of the war. There exist accounts of this battle by three ancient historians: Dionysius of Halicarnassus, Plutarch and Cassius Dio. Asculum was in Lucanian territory, In southern Italy. Cassius Dio wrote that during the winter of 280/279 BC both sides prepared for

neg: Sabine Pass, Port Arthur, Texas First Battle of Sabine Pass, and the Second Battle of Sabine Pass, as well as land skirmishes that occurred around the historic Sabine Pass Lighthouse during the Civil War. In 1832, Thomas Corts (of England) and John McGaffey (of New Hampshire) were among the first settlers of the Sabine Pass area. Stephen Hendrickson Everitt (1806–1844) wrote a letter to Republic of Texas President Mirabeau B. Lamar on March 11, 1839, seeking to establish a post office in the area. There was already a Republic of Texas custom's house, established in 1837, as well as a United States customs house at

neg: Pedro Guillermo Guillermo Bastardo, who later became President of the Republic. Pedro Guillermo Pedro Guillermo y Guerrero (born Hato Mayor, June 29, 1814 – died Santo Domingo, February 18, 1867) was a soldier, merchant, and politician from the Dominican Republic. He served as president of the provisional government junta of the Dominican Republic from November 15, 1865 until December 8 of that year. He fought in the Dominican War of Independence, specifically in the Battle of Azua, Battle of Estrelleta, Battle of El Número, and the Battle of Las Carreras. During the annexation of Spain in 1861, Guillermo was opposed and organized

neg: Battle of Kakarong de Sili Battle of Kakarong de Sili The Battle of Kakarong de Sili was fought on January 1, 1897, near Pandi, Bulacan, in the Philippines. The Kakarong Republic, based in the little fort in Pandi, was attacked by a force of Spaniards who massacred the Katipuneros there. At the end of the battle, General Eusebio Roque (also known as Maestrong Sebio and Dimabungo) was captured by the Spaniards. The Kakarong republic was considered the first republic formed in Bulacan and in the Philippines. When the revolution began at Balintawak, Katipuneros to the north of Manila, in the central plains aimed to join

neg: Battle of Cabira new Roman province, while Appius Claudius was sent to find Armenian allies and demand Mithridates from Tigranes. Tigranes refused, stating he would prepare for war against the Republic. Battle of Cabira The Battle of Cabira was fought in 72 or 71 BC between forces of the Roman Republic under proconsul Lucius Licinius Lucullus and those of the Kingdom of Pontus under Mithridates the Great. It was a decisive Roman victory. The Kingdom of Bithynia had been bequeathed to the Roman Republic on the death of King Nicomedes IV of Bithynia in 74 BC. Mithridates, who anticipated a war with Rome,

neg: Charles Cardwell McCabe of the 122nd Ohio Infantry. He was captured by the Confederate Army and sent to Libby Prison, where he served as a chaplain to his fellow prisoners of war. During his time as a prisoner of war, McCabe taught "The Battle Hymn of the Republic" to other prisoners to maintain high spirits, and latter at a meeting of the United States Christian Commission in the U.S. Capitol he greatly impressed Lincoln, who was in attendance along with many members of Congress. About his visit to the Capitol, Jule Ward Howe's daughter Laura Elizabeth Howe Richards wrote: "Among other stirring tales,

neg: Achaean League good behavior, including Polybius, the Hellenistic historian who subsequently wrote about the rise of the Roman Republic. In 146 BC, the league's relations with Rome completely collapsed, leading to the Achaean War. The Romans under Lucius Mummius defeated the Achaeans at the Battle of Corinth, razed Corinth and dissolved the League. G.T. Griffith has written that Achaean War was "a hopeless enterprise for the Achaeans, badly led and backed by no adequate reserves of money or men." Lucius Mummius received the agnomen "Achaicus" ("conqueror of Achaea") for his role. The original name Koinon of Achaeans (Achaean League) continues to exist

neg: Trebbia culture began to prevail; at about 3000 BC, the Chassey-Lagozza culture of the Chalcolithic. The Bronze Age population resided in settlements located at positions with natural defenses. Etruscan elements began in the Iron Age, about the 5th century BC. Celtic artifacts immediately preceded the Roman presence. Along its eastern banks in 218 BC was fought one of the battles of the Second Punic War: the Battle of Trebbia, where Hannibal defeated a Roman consular army. The name of the river is first known from Polybius, who wrote in the middle Roman Republic, but used materials dating to earlier. Which people

neg: Battle of Camperdown men, De Winter was also worried about their loyalty: the dominion of France over the Batavian Republic and the country's enforced participation in distant theatres of warfare were unpopular among the Dutch people. Although De Winter was an avowed republican, who had fought in the French Army against the Netherlands between 1793 and 1795, support for the House of Orange remained strong among the Dutch population and with the fleet's sailors. Wolfe Tone wrote in frustration that "The destiny of Europe might have been changed for ever . . . the great occasion is lost, and we must do as

neg: Nguyễn Thượng Hiền as a republic. Hien was named in the "deliberative ministry" of the organization, as the representative for northern Vietnam. After the jailing of Châu, the leadership responsibility fell to Hiền. Shortly after the outbreak of World War I, Hiền wrote and organised the printing of an impassioned plea for Vietnamese people to rise against the French colonialists, who were now also having to deal with battle commitments in Europe. He reasoned that the German progress on the Western Front in late 1914 and cited the efforts of Turkey, Egypt and Morocco in fighting against Allied forces. He ridiculed Vietnamese people

neg: Louis H. Carpenter his time on the Western Frontier. His work on the May 1864 Richmond Raid, also known as Sheridan's raid, with the resulting Battle of Yellow Tavern where Confederate Army Major General J.E.B. Stuart was mortally wounded is still used as a basic reference. He gave many talks and wrote articles for the G.A.R. The Grand Army of the Republic was a fraternal organization composed of veterans of the Union Army who had served in the American Civil War. Brigadier General Carpenter died on January 21, 1916, at his home on 2318 De Lancey Place in Philadelphia and was buried in

neg: Victor Hugo is the battle between day and night. » Hugo's death from pneumonia on 22 May 1885, at the age of 83, generated intense national mourning. He was not only revered as a towering figure in literature, he was a statesman who shaped the Third Republic and democracy in France. All his life he remained a defender of liberty, equality and fraternity as well as an adamant champion of French culture. In 1877, aged 75, he wrote, "I am not one of these sweet-tempered old men. I am still exasperated and violent. I shout and I feel indignant and I cry.

neg: Hypsicratea and solace to Mithridates in his many misfortunes. She assisted him in all labours including the hazards of the war. She rode with him in battle, to suppress rebellions and to fight against the Roman Republic. She is noted to have fought with ax, lance, sword, and bow and arrow. During Mithridates' defeat by Pompey, Hypsicratea broke free of Pompey's blockade and while the rest dispersed she was one of only three who remained by the King's side. Plutarch wrote that she was ""...always manly (androdes) and extremely bold, the king consequently liked to call her Hypsicrates. At that time

neg: Çanakkale 1915 items such as costume design, it was extremely weak in terms of side issues. In speaking about various films releasing in Turkey to commemorate the centenary of the Battle of Gallipoli, "Variety" noted that film "Canakkale 1915" was "based on the bestselling historical fiction by Turgut Ozakman" and that it "focuses on the battle as a foundation for the Turkish Republic". "Hurriyet Daily News" called the film "a sure hit in the box office". "Daily Sabah" reported on "Water Diviner" and in speaking of three other recent Turkish films dealing with the Gallipoli battle, wrote ""Çanakkale 1915" was the most

neg: Uruguayan Civil War Manuel Oribe, who looked after the agricultural interests of the countryside and promoted protectionism. In order to support Oribe, Lavalleja organized an army in Argentina and moved against Rivera, who was helped by Argentine Unitarians led by General Juan Lavalle. On September 19, 1836 Rivera was defeated at the Battle of Carpintería and fled to Brazil, where his troops joined the newly proclaimed Riograndense Republic. With the help of this republic Rivera invaded Uruguay in 1837 and on October 22 defeated Oribe's forces at the Battle of Yucutujá and completely crushed Oribe on June 15, 1838 Battle of Palmar. In

neg: Battle of Estero Bellaco Paraguayan infantry against this Allied vanguard. The surprise attack started at 1130, the Paraguayans soon overwhelming the Brazilians and Uruguayans, and capturing the Allied artillery. It took the main Allied army, arriving an hour later, to force Colonel José Hedwig Diaz to retreat. Gen. Flores wrote his wife, "In the future my vanguard will be composed of Argentines." This estuary is located in the Ñeembucú Department, Paraguay, bordering the river of the same name. Battle of Estero Bellaco The Battle of Estero Bellaco was one of the bloodiest battles of the Paraguayan War (1865–1870), with the Republic of Argentina, the

neg: Battle of Novara (1849) that same year, he was executed. The Piedmontese were driven back to Borgomanero at the foot of the Alps, and the Austrian forces occupied Novara, Vercelli and Trino, with the road to the Piedmontese capital, Turin, lying open to them. Austrian general Baron Julius von Haynau subdued Brescia, 54 miles NE of Milan, and Charles Albert abdicated in favor of his son Victor Emmanuel, who would later become the first king of a unified Italy. Friedrich Engels wrote "that, after this defeat, a revolution and proclamation of a republic in Turin is expected, arises from the fact that the attempt

neg: Martyrdom in Chinese culture in battle wrote letters to family members before heading off to certain death. The Huanghuakang was built as a monument to the 72 martyrs. The martyrdom of the revolutionaries helped the establishment of the Republic of China, overthrowing the Qing dynasty imperial system. "Dare to Die" corps continued to be used in the Chinese military. The Kuomintang used one to put down an insurrection in Canton. Many women joined them in addition to men to achieve martyrdom against China's opponents. The Kuomintang continued to promote the concept of martyrdom, the souls of Party martyrs who died fighting for the Kuomintang

neg: Ballot laws of the Roman Republic Cassian law to cases of treason. In 107 BC, a Roman army under the consul Lucius Cassius Longinus was dealt a crushing defeat by the Tigurini at the Battle of Burdigala. His legate Gaius Popilius Laenas negotiated a humiliating agreement to save the lives of the soldiers. The agreement was considered unacceptable at Rome, and Coelius planned to prosecute him in an assembly of the people. Before he did so, he introduced the final ballot law. The law was passed and the prosecution was successful, resulting in Popilius being sentenced to exile. Cicero, who wrote in relation to the Cassian

neg: History of the Republic of Venice the years 1613-1617. The government of Venice wrote: The Uzkoks were Christian refugees from Bosnia and Turkish Dalmatia who had been enlisted by the Austrian Habsburg to defend their borders after the peace between Venice and the Ottomans following the Battle of Lepanto. They settled in Segna and lived as pirates in the Adriatic, causing concern in Venice that they would complicate relations with the Sublime Porte. When Venice acted against these "Uscocchi" in 1613, she found herself at odds on land with their protector, the archduke of Austria. An army was sent against Gradisca, an archduke's possession, with financial

neg: Jean Joseph Amable Humbert where he routed the Irish Militia. Humbert subsequently declared a "Republic of Connacht", with hopes of taking Dublin. However, Humbert's small force was defeated at the Battle of Ballinamuck by the Royal Irish Army and he was taken as a prisoner of war by the authorities. The British sent the French officers home in two frigates and then massacred their Irish supporters; Humbert seems (as Roger Casement later wrote, "to his eternal disgrace") to have made no attempt to save the Irish who bravely supported him. A monument to General Humbert depicting Mother Ireland stands on Humbert Street, Ballina, County

neg: Anti-suffragism Johnson's "Woman and the Republic" (1897) was a lauded anti-suffrage book that described the reasons for opposing women's right to vote. Other books, such as Molly Elliot Seawell's "The Ladies' Battle" (1911), Ida Tarbell's "The Business of Being a Woman" (1912), Grace Duffield Goodwin's "Anti-Suffrage: Ten Good Reasons" (1915) and Annie Riley Hale's "The Eden Sphinx" (1916) were similarly well-received by the media and used as a "coherent rationale for opposing women's enfranchisement." Anti-suffrage dramas were also published between the mid 1800s and up to the 1920s. The first playwright to create anti-suffrage plays was William Bentley Fowle, who wrote

neg: Battle of Cabira Battle of Cabira The Battle of Cabira was fought in 72 or 71 BC between forces of the Roman Republic under proconsul Lucius Licinius Lucullus and those of the Kingdom of Pontus under Mithridates the Great. It was a decisive Roman victory. The Kingdom of Bithynia had been bequeathed to the Roman Republic on the death of King Nicomedes IV of Bithynia in 74 BC. Mithridates, who anticipated a war with Rome, invaded the country in 73 BC, and defeated the first Roman governor of Bithynia the proconsul Marcus Aurelius Cotta at the battle of Chalchedon. Lucullus, the new proconsul

neg: Piri Reis the 15th and 16th centuries) when he was young, in 1481, following his uncle Kemal Reis, a well-known corsair and seafarer of the time, who later became a famous admiral of the Ottoman Navy. During this period, together with his uncle, he took part in many naval wars of the Ottoman Empire against Spain, the Republic of Genoa and the Republic of Venice, including the First Battle of Lepanto (Battle of Zonchio) in 1499 and the Second Battle of Lepanto (Battle of Modon) in 1500. When his uncle Kemal Reis died in 1511 (his ship was wrecked by a storm

neg: The Battle Hymn of the Republic, Updated The Battle Hymn of the Republic, Updated The Battle Hymn of the Republic, Updated (otherwise known as The Battle Hymn of the Republic (Brought Down to Date)) was written in 1900 by Mark Twain, as a parody of American imperialism, in the wake of the Philippine–American War. It is written in the same tune and cadence as the original Battle Hymn of the Republic. The poem remained unpublished in Twain's lifetime and did not appear in print until 1958. A recording was made by the Chad Mitchell Trio as "The Battle Hymn of the Republic Brought Down to Date". The

neg: Joseph Stalin in the Russian Revolution, Russian Civil War, and Polish–Soviet War Lenin granted his request for official control over military operations in the region to fight the Battle for Tsaritsyn. Stalin challenged many of the decisions of Trotsky, who at this time was Chairman of the Revolutionary Military Council of the Republic and thus his military superior. He ordered the killings of many former Tsarist officers in the Red Army; Trotsky, in agreement with the Central Committee, had hired them for their expertise, but Stalin distrusted them, seizing documents which showed many were agents for the White Army. This created friction between Stalin and Trotsky. Stalin even wrote to Lenin asking

neg: Battle of Camperdown Battle of Camperdown The Battle of Camperdown (known in Dutch as the "Zeeslag bij Kamperduin") was a major naval action fought on 11 October 1797, between the British North Sea Fleet under Admiral Adam Duncan and a Batavian Navy fleet under Vice-Admiral Jan de Winter. The battle was the most significant action between British and Dutch forces during the French Revolutionary Wars and resulted in a complete victory for the British, who captured eleven Dutch ships without losing any of their own. In 1795, the Dutch Republic had been overrun by the army of the French Republic and had been

neg: Giuseppe Garibaldi Florence. After the French garrison was recalled from Rome, the Italian Army captured the Papal States without Garibaldi's assistance. Following the wartime collapse of the Second French Empire at the Battle of Sedan, Garibaldi, undaunted by the recent hostility shown to him by the men of Napoleon III, switched his support to the newly declared French Third Republic. On 7 September 1870, within three days of the revolution of 4 September in Paris, he wrote to the "Movimento" of Genoa, "Yesterday I said to you: war to the death to Bonaparte. Today I say to you: rescue the French Republic

neg: Titus Lartius Battle of Lake Regillus. However, this battle is also placed by some authorities in 496, when Postumius was consul. Titus Lartius Titus Lartius, surnamed either Flavus or Rufus, was one of the leading men of the early Roman Republic, twice consul and the first Roman dictator. The Lartii, whose "nomen" is also spelled "Larcius" and "Largius", were an Etruscan family at Rome during the early years of the Republic. Their nomen is derived from the Etruscan "praenomen Lars". Titus' brother, Spurius Lartius, was one of the heroes of the Republic, who defended the wooden bridge over the Tiber at the

neg: Arai Ikunosuke when Edo was surrendered to the Imperial Army. Traveling to Hokkaidō, he became Navy Minister of the new Republic of Ezo, and while he took part in the Naval Battle of Miyako Bay and the Naval Battle of Hakodate Bay, the Ezo forces were defeated, and Arai was placed in prison, where he remained pending a sentence of death. During this time, he wrote the first English-Japanese dictionary. With his sentence of death commuted, Arai worked with Enomoto in land reclamation for a time, before working in the Agricultural School, as well as becoming head of a women's school. He

neg: Battle of West Hubei government and Western media reported that the Chinese had scored a major victory. The Chinese government and Western media reported that the Chinese had scored a major victory. Historian Barbara W. Tuchman had another opinion, however. She wrote that the "Japanese withdrew without pursuit from what appeared to have been a training and foraging offensive to collect rice and river shipping." During the period of the Battle of West Hubei, People’s Republic of China historians have claimed that the Changjiao massacre () occurred, during which Japanese troops slaughtered more than 30,000 civilians at a factory in the tiny hamlet of

neg: Battle of Pharsalus few years 'mopping up' remnants of the senatorial faction. After seemingly vanquishing all his enemies and bringing peace to Rome, he was assassinated in 44 BC by friends, in a conspiracy organized by Marcus Junius Brutus and Gaius Cassius Longinus. Paul K. Davis wrote that "Caesar's victory took him to the pinnacle of power, effectively ending the Republic." The battle itself did not end the civil war but it was decisive and gave Caesar a much needed boost in legitimacy. Until then much of the Roman world outside Italy supported Pompey and his allies due to the extensive list of

neg: Pyrrhic War Pyrrhic War The Pyrrhic War (280–275 BC) was a war fought by Pyrrhus, the king of Epirus. Pyrrhus was asked by the people of the Greek city of Tarentum in southern Italy to help them in their war with the Roman Republic. A skilled commander, with a strong army fortified by war elephants (which the Romans were not experienced in facing), Pyrrhus enjoyed initial success against the Roman legions, but suffered heavy losses even in these victories. Plutarch wrote that Pyrrhus said after the second battle of the war, "If we are victorious in one more battle with the Romans,

neg: Zhixin High School and people with perseverance. In each and every battle for the Republic, Mr. Zhu always marched in the frontline, braving tremendous difficulty and danger. In literature, Mr. Zhu wrote masterpieces that impressed his peers and influenced the literary culture of the country. Both a theorist and a practitioner in the subject of revolution, Mr. Zhu led the life of a brightly shining star. Last year, Mr. Zhu made the ultimate sacrifice for his country in the battle of Canton. Today, we stand here together to celebrate his life by establishing the Zhixin Private School. I hope that our future generations

neg: Battle of Chiari his interests, giving Wratislaw the arguments he needed to push through the alliance with the Maritime Powers. On 7 September 1701 – within a week of the battle – England and the Dutch Republic signed the second treaty of the Grand Alliance, backing the Emperor's claims to the Spanish possessions in Italy. The French were still in Milan, but their position was weak: morale was poor and desertion was high. Louis XIV wrote to Villeroi urging him to work closely with Catinat and, "not again to attack the enemy without advantage." "If you do … the King, my grandson, will

neg: Rise of the Argentine Republic battle of Caseros. Urquiza united the provinces in the San Nicolás Agreement, seeking consensus for the new constitution. The Constituent Assembly met in Santa Fe, and wrote the Argentine Constitution of 1853. The constitution established a Representative, Republican and Federal government. The legislative power was bicameral, and the executive power was held by a president, elected by an electoral college, with a six-years long mandate and with no chance of reelection. The judiciary was accepted as an independent power. The Catholic Church was appointed the official religion of the country, but allowing freedom of religion. Rise of the Argentine Republic

neg: SMS Danzig (1851) In the late Meiji Era, Arai Ikunosuke, once the Navy Minister of the Republic of Ezo, wrote an extensive article on the "Kaiten" in the historical journal ""Kyū Bakufu"". SMS Danzig (1851) SMS "Danzig" was the first steam-powered warship in the Prussian Navy. She is most notable for her role in the Battle of Tres Forcas in 1856. She was later decommissioned from the Prussian Navy and served in the navy of the Japanese Tokugawa shogunate as the from 1864 until 1869, and then briefly with the breakaway Ezo Republic until her destruction later the same year. "Danzig"'s design was

neg: Battle of Pistoria Battle of Pistoria The Battle of Pistoria was fought in January of 62 BC between the forces of the Roman Republic and Catiline, a senatorial conspirator who wished to overthrow the republic, but failed in his objective. Catiline had been denounced by Cicero, and was attempting to flee with his force into Gaul and had been blocked by forces of Quintus Metellus Celer and Gaius Antonius Hybrida (joint Consul with Cicero for the year in question). Knowing that both armies were closing in on him, he decided to make a stand against Antonius Hybrida near Pistoria with his back against

neg: Nigar Shikhlinskaya each other. In his memoirs Shikhlinski recalls that Nigar wrote letters home for wounded soldiers in two foreign languages (apart from Russian) and was referred to as Mom ("Mamasha") by the soldiers. In 1916 Nigar's close relative, Farrukh Gayibov, one of the first combat pilots, died in an air battle. On March 10, 1920 Shikhlinski as Deputy Defense Minister of Azerbaijan Democratic Republic founded the Azerbaijani Red Crescent Society, with Nigar becoming the pioneer nurse there. In his memoirs Shikhlinski wrote: "The death of my wife... was a fatal blow for me. Everything has gone away with my wife –

neg: Battle of Castlebar flocked to join the French who also sent a request to France for reinforcements and formally declared a Republic of Connacht. On 31 August, Humbert proclaimed a "Republic of Connaught" - which lasted 3 days and collapsed when the French departed - and sent to France for reinforcements. On 5 September, the British forces were again defeated at Collooney but, after that, the rebellion quickly folded. More troops gathered and by the Battle of Ballinamuck on 8 September, their strength was over 15,000. Ballinamuck was the end for the French general, Humbert, who handed in his surrender. The Irish rebels

neg: Third Macedonian War the pretext of offering sacrifices to Heracles, a god who did not accept sacrifices from cowards. The god, instead, listened to the prayers of the brave Aemilius who invited him to fight with him. Plutarch also noted that a man called Poseidonius, who wrote a history of Perseus and said that he participated in the battle, wrote that the king did not leave because cowardice or under the pretence of sacrifices, but because, the day before the battle, he was kicked in the leg by a horse. On the day of the battle, against advice to the contrary, he ordered

neg: Lithuanian Soviet Socialist Republic the primary war crimes centers. For example, Head of the Klaipėda NKGB Operational Group Kuzmin in his special report about situation in the Klaipėda region wrote that "A beautiful city Šilutė, left by the Germans without a battle, currently looks repulsive: there is not one remaining store, almost no flats that are suitable for living. (...) Metal scrap collection teams are blowing up working agricultural machinery, engines of various kinds, stealing valuable equipment from the companies. There is no electricity in Šilutė because an internal combustion engine was blown up.". In the same report, Kuzmin also wrote that in Klaipėda

neg: Battle of Zagonara Battle of Zagonara The Battle of Zagonara was fought on 28 July 1424 at Zagonara (Lugo di Romagna) between the armies of the Republic of Florence and that of Filippo Maria Visconti, duke of Milan, an episode of the Wars in Lombardy. A number of famous Italian condottieri of the 15th century took part in the battle. The only condottiero who died in the battle was Lodovico degli Obizzi, who fell off his horse and suffocated in the mud. The battle occurred when Carlo I Malatesta, lord of Rimini, intervened in support of Alberico Novello da Barbiano, whose troops were

neg:
The Battle Hymn of the Republic, Updated longing in his bosom—and for others' goods an itch.
 As Christ died to make men holy, let men die to make us rich—
 Our god is marching on.

 The Battle Hymn of the Republic, Updated The Battle Hymn of the Republic, Updated (otherwise known as The Battle Hymn of the Republic (Brought Down to Date)) was written in 1900 by Mark Twain, as a parody of American imperialism, in the wake of the Philippine–American War. It is written in the same tune and cadence as the original Battle Hymn of the Republic. The poem remained unpublished in Twain's lifetime and

neg: Battle of Martinique (1794) Battle of Martinique (1794) The Battle of Martinique was a successful 1707-1800 Kingdom of Great Britain month and a half invasion from February 5th to March 24th of 1794 of the 1792-1804 1st Republic of France held island of Martinique in the West Indies, during the 1789-1799 French Revolutionary Wars. During the invasion of Martinique, the British were in negotiations with a French planter, Louis-François Dubuc, who wished to gain British protection, as the then French Constitutional Assembly of the 1st Republic was busy passing a law abolishing slavery, which had actually took place in Paris on 4 February of

neg: First East Turkestan Republic with Ma Zhancang's forces in Kashgar allied themselves with the Kuomintang in Nanjing, and attacked the TIRET, forcing Niyaz, Sabit Damolla, and the rest of the government to flee on February 6, 1934, to Yengi Hissar south of the city. The conquering Hui army killed many of those who remained, and a rapid procession of betrayals among the survivors, following their expulsion from Kashgar, spelled the effective end of the TIRET. The Hui army crushed the Uighur and Kirghiz armies of the East Turkestan Republic at the Battle of Kashgar (1934), Battle of Yarkand, and Battle of Yangi Hissar. Ma

neg: Battle of Yangxia December. The political negotiations eventually led to the abdication of the last Qing Emperor, Puyi, and the formation of a united provisional government of the Republic of China led by former loyalist Yuan Shikai and revolutionaries Sun Yat-sen, Li Yuanhong and Huang Xing. In October 1912 Yuan conferred honors to commanders on both sides of the battle for their contribution to the founding of the Republic. A memorial in Wuhan was built to commemorate those who lost their lives, including 4,300 unknown soldiers, in the battle. The Japanese wartime artist T. Minyano created a series of lithographic print illustrations of

neg: Battle of Kakarong de Sili rebels, as some who escaped during the battle retreated to nearby towns and villages and waged guerrilla rebellion there. The Spanish did not have enough men to completely crush rebel resistance there as most of its men are fighting the rebels in Manila, Morong, Cavite and Laguna provinces. The battle was considered del Pilar's first "baptism of fire" as a revolutionary general. The Kakarong republic, though hardly recognized or even remembered by historians today, was considered the first organized republic of the Philippine Revolution. In 1924, the Kakarong Lodge No. 168 of the 'Legionarios del Trabajo', named in memory of

neg: Battle of Cannae infantry unit of the Roman army. In addition, a unified command came to be seen as a necessity. After various political experiments, Scipio Africanus was made general-in-chief of the Roman armies in Africa, and was assured this role for the duration of the war. This appointment may have violated the constitutional laws of the Roman Republic but, as Delbrück wrote, it "effected an internal transformation that increased her military potentiality enormously" while foreshadowing the decline of the Republic's political institutions. Furthermore, the battle exposed the limits of a citizen-militia army. Following Cannae, the Roman army gradually developed into a professional

neg: Black Horror on the Rhine republic. Thus the Rhineland had played a significant role in toppling the Kaiser and obliging the German state to accept the armistice. Likewise, the African soldiers of the French Army played a significant role in the defeat of the Imperial German Army in the Second Battle of the Marne. This battle which was a decisive victory for the allies, saw the French Army using a massed tank attack alongside forces of its colonial army. Field Marshal Paul von Hindenburg wrote in his 1920 memoirs "Mein Leben": "Where there were no tanks our enemy sent black waves against us. Waves of

neg: Battle of Inchon the first days of the war in the First Battle of Seoul. MacArthur later wrote that he thought the North Korean army would push the Republic of Korea Army back far past Seoul. He also said he decided days after the war began that the battered, demoralized, and under-equipped South Koreans, many of whom did not support the South Korean government put in power by the United States, could not hold off the North Korean forces even with American support. MacArthur felt that he could turn the tide if he made a decisive troop movement behind North Korean lines, and

neg: Republic (Zeno) extra ammunition for those people who wished to attack both Zeno and Stoicism in general. Some blamed the influence which Crates of Thebes, the famous Cynic philosopher and teacher of Zeno, may have had when he wrote the "Republic": it was joked that Zeno "had written it at the tail of the dog." By the 1st century BC, there was an attempt among the Stoics to downplay the involvement which Cynic philosophy had played in the development of early Stoicism; it was said that Zeno had been "young and thoughtless" when he wrote his "Republic". It was also said that

neg: Military history of the Republic of Artsakh is around 15,000-20,000 well-trained and equipped officers and soldiers. It consists of infantry, tanks, artillery and anti-aircraft systems. The Capture of Shushi marked the first significant military victory by Armenian forces in the Nagorno-Karabakh enclave during the Nagorno-Karabakh War. The battle was part of a larger territorial land dispute with the predominantly Armenian population in Karabakh who, aided by the neighboring Republic of Armenia, regained independence from the Republic of Azerbaijan. The battle took place in the strategically vital mountain town of Shusha (known as Shushi to Armenians) on the evening of May 8, 1992 and fighting swiftly concluded the

neg: Battle of Ap Da Bien Bỏ"" (meaning "shrine of those who left the North") has been built by the locals of Ap Da Bien to honor the PAVN soldiers who were killed in this battle. Battle of Ap Da Bien The Battle of Ap Da Bien was a battle in the Vietnam War, which took place at dawn on 3 October 1973 when the 207th Regiment of the People's Army of Vietnam (PAVN) was raided by forces of the Army of the Republic of Vietnam while sheltering near the hamlet of Ap Da Bien in Thạnh Hóa District, Long An Province. The battle resulted in

neg: Battle of Grand Pré and poet Mary Jane Katzmann Lawson wrote the poem "The Battle of Grand Pre" about 1820 Merrill Denison who wrote a radio play "The Raid on Grand Pre" in 1931 and Archibald MacMechan wrote a book "Red Snow on Grand Pré" in the same year. One of the Acadians who accompanied the French on this expedition was Zedore Gould then aged 20, who afterwards escaping the Expulsion was a tenant to DesBarres on his Minudie estate. He lived to a great age and was fond of relating his experiences in this, the perhaps most famous exploit in Nova Scotian History.

neg: Battle Hymn of the Republic flag-raising ceremony at Fort Warren, near Boston, Massachusetts, on Sunday, May 12, 1861, the "John Brown" song, using the well known "Oh! Brothers" tune and the "Glory, Hallelujah" chorus, was publicly played "perhaps for the first time." The American Civil War had begun the previous month. In 1890, George Kimball wrote his account of how the 2nd Infantry Battalion of the Massachusetts militia, known as the "Tiger" Battalion, collectively worked out the lyrics to "John Brown's Body." Kimball wrote: According to Kimball, these sayings became by-words among the soldiers and, in a communal effort — similar in many ways to

neg: Battle of Port Republic Battle of Port Republic The Battle of Port Republic was fought on June 9, 1862, in Rockingham County, Virginia, as part of Confederate Army Maj. Gen. Thomas J. "Stonewall" Jackson's campaign through the Shenandoah Valley during the American Civil War. Port Republic was a fierce contest between two equally determined foes and was the most costly battle fought by Jackson's Army of the Valley during its campaign. Together, the battles of Cross Keys (fought the previous day) and Port Republic were the decisive victories in Jackson's Valley Campaign, forcing the Union armies to retreat and leaving Jackson free to reinforce

neg: Battle of Tripolje that Vlatković discouraged the Ottomans by telling them that they would not be able to withstand the first rush. According to Orbini, Lazarević "chased Turks by the bunch". Meanwhile, Branković inflicted great damage on Vuk's forces. As he was unable to resist Branković's pressure, it was Lazarević who decided the battle. Ultimately, Branković and the Ottomans were decisively defeated. Constantine of Kostenets wrote how Lazarević "bloodied the right hand of his" in battle. Orbini wrote that Lazarević won the battle "more with strategy than the courage of his soldiers". After the battle, the Lazarević brothers withdrew to the fortified city

neg: Battle of Kakarong de Sili the 1,200 Katipuneros who perished in the battle, erected a monument, the Inang Filipina Shrine (Mother Philippines Shrine) in the barrio of Kakarong of Pandi, Bulacan. The actual site of the battle is now a part of the barangay of Real de Kakarong. General Emilio Aguinaldo became the first Philippine president to visit this ground in the late 1950s. Battle of Kakarong de Sili The Battle of Kakarong de Sili was fought on January 1, 1897, near Pandi, Bulacan, in the Philippines. The Kakarong Republic, based in the little fort in Pandi, was attacked by a force of Spaniards who

neg: John Wagner were. For the revived "Eagle" they wrote "Doomlord", "Joe Soap", "Rebel the Police Dog", "Computer Warrior", "The Fists of Danny Pyke", "Manix" and "The House of Daemon"; for "Scream!" they wrote "The Thirteenth Floor", for "Roy of the Rovers" they wrote "Dan Harker's War", and for "Battle" they wrote "Invasion 1984". During this time Wagner wrote the documentary strip "Fight for the Falklands" for "Battle", without Grant who had no interest in war stories, and "Dan Dare" with Pat Mills for "Eagle". Wagner and Grant became part of the so-called "British Invasion" of American comics during the 1980s. In 1987

neg: Conch Republic of time travellers, aliens and musicians - find themselves relocated to the Conch Republic in the 2000 novel "Callahans Key". Between 1994 and 1995, WCW wrestler Kevin Sullivan was billed and announced as someone who "now seeks sanctuary in the Conch Republic". In 1994, Joe and Meri-Lynn Britz wrote the National Anthem for the Conch Republic, "Conch Republic". It was recorded by the Key Lime Pie band and voted on and accepted by the city of Key West City Commissioners. The song "Working in the Conch Republic" is a BMI tune and can be found on YouTube. Conch Republic The

neg: Democratic Republic of the Congo to remedy that he wrote the novel, Full Circle, which is a story of a boy named Emanuel who in the beginning of the book feels a difference in culture among the different groups in the Congo and elsewhere. Rais Neza Boneza, an author from the Katanga province of the Democratic Republic of Congo, wrote novels and poems to promote artistic expressions as a way to address and deal with conflicts. Born in 1907, Jean Molonga, was a novelist and storyteller, who sat in parliament from 1946 to 1951. He was noted for his original work, "Coeur d'Aryenne", Heart of

neg: Battle of Trenton officer in Washington's staff wrote before the battle, "They make a great deal of Christmas in Germany, and no doubt the Hessians will drink a great deal of beer and have a dance to-night. They will be sleepy to-morrow morning." Popular history commonly portrays the Hessians as drunk from Christmas celebrations. However, historian David Hackett Fischer quotes Patriot John Greenwood, who fought in the battle and supervised Hessians afterward, who wrote, "I am certain not a drop of liquor was drunk during the whole night, nor, as I could see, even a piece of bread eaten." Military historian Edward G.

neg: Korčula the liberation of Yugoslavia in 1945, the "Federal People's Republic of Yugoslavia" was formed, and Korčula became a part of the People's Republic of Croatia, one of the six Yugoslav Republics. The state changed the name to Socialist Federal Republic of Yugoslavia in 1953, and so did the Republic into Socialist Republic of Croatia. After 1991, the island became a part of the independent Republic of Croatia. The 17th century saw the rise of Petar Kanavelić who wrote love songs, occasional epic poems and dramas. He also translated from Italian the major poetic works of that time. He is regarded

neg: Republic of Stakhanov Republic of Stakhanov The Republic of Stakhanov was a proposed separatist republic of Pavel Dryomov on the territory of the city of Stakhanov within the separatist Luhansk People's Republic. Before the war Dryomov was a bricklayer in Stakhanov. At the beginning of the conflict in Eastern Ukraine, Dryomov offered Stakhanov citizens an alternate vision to that of the LPR - a new, socialist neo-Soviet, "Cossack" republic "that works for the poor and elderly". In 2014 Dryomov was called the "savior of Stakhanov" by the British journalist Oliver Carroll who wrote an article about him in Politico magazine. According to Carroll,

neg: Battle of Modon (1403) and its dominance of the eastern trade routes. The latter would be soon shaken, however, by the inexorable rise of the Ottoman Empire. Battle of Modon (1403) The Battle of Modon was fought on 7 October 1403 between the fleets of the Republic of Venice and of the Republic of Genoa, then under French control, commanded by the French marshal Jean Le Maingre, better known as Boucicaut. One of the last clashes in the Venetian–Genoese wars, the battle ended in a decisive Venetian victory. Tensions between the Republic of Venice and its old rival, the Republic of Genoa, rose again

neg: Battle of Modon (1403) Battle of Modon (1403) The Battle of Modon was fought on 7 October 1403 between the fleets of the Republic of Venice and of the Republic of Genoa, then under French control, commanded by the French marshal Jean Le Maingre, better known as Boucicaut. One of the last clashes in the Venetian–Genoese wars, the battle ended in a decisive Venetian victory. Tensions between the Republic of Venice and its old rival, the Republic of Genoa, rose again in 1402, as reports came in of Genoese pirates attacking Venetian merchant shipping. The Venetians authorized the captain-general of the Sea, Carlo Zeno,

neg: Battle of Port Republic Civil War battlefield preservation movement. The 8.55-acre site was donated to the Trust's forerunner, the Association for the Preservation of Civil War Sites (the founding battlefield preservation organization) by the Lee-Jackson Foundation in 1988. Battle of Port Republic The Battle of Port Republic was fought on June 9, 1862, in Rockingham County, Virginia, as part of Confederate Army Maj. Gen. Thomas J. "Stonewall" Jackson's campaign through the Shenandoah Valley during the American Civil War. Port Republic was a fierce contest between two equally determined foes and was the most costly battle fought by Jackson's Army of the Valley during its

neg: Damacio Jiménez Damacio Jiménez Damacio Jiménez was Tejano soldier who served under Juan Seguín during the Battle of the Alamo, but was not recognized as such until 150 years afterwards. Records placing him among those who perished in the battle were found in 1986 among court files by Laredo, Texas attorney Raul Casso IV. In support of an 1861 military land grant claim by the heirs of Jiménez, Seguin provided sworn testimony verifying the soldier's place in his company, as did Cornelio Delgado who stated he had seen Jiménez's corpse after the battle. The cash-poor Republic of Texas adopted a system of

neg: Sea Chanters social media users who viewed it "thousands" of times and commented on its "almost perfect Arabic". On 14 September 2011, the Sea Chanters performed the "Battle Hymn of the Republic" at the national memorial service for the September 11 attacks at the Washington National Cathedral, immediately following the eulogy by President of the United States George W. Bush. Prior to the memorial service, White House officials debated the wisdom of following Bush's speech with the "Battle Hymn of the Republic" due to both the song's length, at five stanzas, and its lyrics which were "unabashedly militant", describing the "fateful lightning"

neg: People's Volunteer Army diplomatically recognize the People's Republic of China by the United States until 1979. Today, diplomacy between the Republic of China and mainland China remains strained, and mainland China continues to claim the sovereignty of Taiwan, although some progress has been made. "Who are the Most Beloved People?" is the title of an essay by Chinese writer Wei Wei about the Chinese soldiers serving in the Korean War. It is considered to be the most famous literary and propaganda piece produced by China during the Korean War. "Battle on Shangganling Mountain" () is a famous Chinese war movie about the Battle

neg: Mohammed Zahir Shah of saving the First East Turkestan Republic, as the Afghan, Uighur and Kirghiz forces were defeated during 1934 by the Chinese Muslim 36th Division (National Revolutionary Army) commanded by General Ma Zhancang at the Battle of Kashgar and Battle of Yarkand. All the Afghan volunteers were killed by the Chinese Muslim troops, who then abolished the First East Turkestan Republic, and reestablished Chinese government control over the area. Despite close relations to the Axis powers, Zahir Shah refused to take sides during World War II and Afghanistan remained one of the few countries in the world to remain neutral. After

neg: Republic of Acre Acrean Revolution leaders and offered the opportunity to lead the independence movement against the Bolivians. Plácido, who had been working in Acre since 1899 as a chief surveyor of a surveying expedition and was about to go back to Rio de Janeiro, accepted the offer. He imposed strict military discipline and reorganized the revolutionary army, which reached 30,000 men. The Acrean army won battle after battle and on January 27, 1903, José Plácido de Castro declared the Third Republic of Acre. President Rodrigues Alves of Brazil ordered Brazilian troops into Northern Acre in order to replace Plácido as the president