query: the wood of which tree is used to make the bobbili veenas

pos: Bobbili Veena rulers were fond of music, and many of them learned to play Veena. In the Bobbili kingdom, the Veena used to be supplied by Sarwasiddi community craftsmen. These craftsmen were from Gollapalli. The craftsmen community who make this musical instrument are known as "Bobbili Veena sampradayam" (Bobbili Veena community). A Bobbili Veena is carved from a single piece of jack wood. Bobbili Veena Bobbili veena is a large plucked string instrument used in Carnatic classical music. The Veena is named after Bobbili, a place where it was invented. In 2011 the musical instrument got a Geographical Indication tag from the

neg: Sandalwood extraction which involves soaking the wood in water and then boiling it until the oil is released. This method is not used as much anymore because of the high costs and time associated with heating large quantities of water. Indian sandalwood is very sacred in the Hindu Ayurveda and is known in Sanskrit as "vhandana." The wood is used for worshipping the god Shiva, and it is believed that goddess Lakshmi lives in the sandalwood tree. The wood of the tree is made into a paste using sandalwood powder, and this paste is integral to rituals and ceremonies, to make

neg: Senegalia senegal kinds of very strong ropes and cords. The tree bark is also used to make rope. The wood of "S. senegal" can be used to make handles for tools, and parts for weaving looms. It is also valued as firewood and can be used to produce charcoal. "S. senegal" contains hentriacontane, a solid, long-chain alkane hydrocarbon. The leaf also contain the psychoactive alkaloid dimethyltryptamine. Senegalia senegal Senegalia senegal (until recently known as "Acacia senegal") is a small thorny deciduous tree from the genus "Senegalia", which is known by several common names, including Gum acacia, Gum arabic tree, Sudan gum and

neg: Pterocarpus erinaceus only wood used to make the keys and part of the frame of the balafon and is the most common wood used to make the neck of the kora. "Pterocarpus erinaceus" was brought to Europe in the 19th century by the Scottish explorer Mungo Park. Currently, it is a threatened due to overexploitation, environmental degradation, and climatic changes. However, the tree is somewhat prolific and easy to cultivate, so reforestation efforts have shown some success. Other names for the tree include bani in Fulfulde, tolo in Djerma, and ban in Serer. Pterocarpus erinaceus Pterocarpus erinaceus is a species of tree

neg: Traditional Mexican handcrafted toys ixtle. Salitla, Guerrero make wood toys, mostly animal figures painted wine-red and magenta, which include rabbits, birds, flowers, fruit, and leaves. Ixtapan de la Sal and Tonatico in the State of Mexico make animals figures from a local wood that is white. Wooden toys are particularly popular in Michoacán. In Paracho, they make tops, cup-and-balls, yo-yos and dreidels. Most are made from wood called tzirimu, the same wood traditionally used to make canoes and fish nets in the Lake Pátzcuaro area. Tizatlán in the city of Tlaxcala makes Mikado or pick up stick games from quince tree wood. In the

neg: Acer saccharinum sap of wild trees to make sugar, as medicine, and in bread. They used the wood to make baskets and furniture. An infusion of bark removed from the south side of the tree is used by the Mohegan for cough medicine. Today the wood can be used as pulp for making paper. Lumber from the tree is used in furniture, cabinets, flooring, musical instruments, crates, and tool handles, because it is light and easily worked. Because of the silver maple's fast growth, it is being researched as a potential source of biofuels. Silver maple produces a sweet sap but it

neg: Thespesia populnea Thespesia populnea Thespesia populnea, commonly known as the Indian tulip tree, bhendi (Marathi),Poovarasu(Tamil), Pacific rosewood, or Portia tree , is species of flowering plant in the mallow family, Malvaceae. It is a small tree or arborescent shrub that has a pantropical distribution, found on coasts around the world. However, the Portia tree is probably native only to the Old World, and may have originated in India. Nowadays, its wood is mainly used in making furniture because of its good ability to undergo carving. The wood from the tree was used by early Tamil people to make instruments in ancient Tamilakam.

neg: Corymbia terminalis tree for traditional medicine. The exudate from the truck or branches was diluted and used as an antispetic treatment of facial cuts and sores. Larger leaves were also useful for staunching wounds. The red bark kino can be stripped from the tree and mixed in water then consumed for diarrhoea as well as for indigestion and chest pain. The wood from the tree was also used by Indigenous peoples to make spear-throwers, digging bowls and carrying vessels. Europeans used the wood to make fence-posts, joists slabs and buildings as well as using it for firewood. The tree produces drops of

neg: Triplochiton scleroxylon "Fender Japan" have used the wood to produce limited edition guitars. The tree is a host of the African silk moth, "Anaphe venata", whose caterpillars feed on the leaves and spin cocoons which are then used to make silk. The wood is exploited in its natural habitat, a harvest that is unsustainable in some areas. However, it remains classed as 'least concern' on the IUCN Red List. Triplochiton scleroxylon Triplochiton scleroxylon is a tree of the genus "Triplochiton" of the family "Malvaceae". The timber is known by the common names African whitewood, abachi, obeche in Nigeria, wawa in Ghana, ayous

neg: Ancient veena the designation veena of which there are several kinds, have tended to be mostly instruments of the lute or cithar type, and recently the word was even applied to modified Western guitars. But the early veenas could be plucked string instruments of any type. One of early veenas used in India from early times, until the Gupta period and later (this is probably the instrument referred to as "veenaa" in a chapter of the Nāṭyaśāstra dealing with instrumental music) was an instrument of the type of the harp and more precisely of the . It was played with the strings

neg: Afrocarpus falcatus host arbuscular mycorrhizae. It may grow as a solitary tree, in small clusters, or in wide monotypic stands. It is associated with African juniper ("Juniperus procera"). The wood, often called podo or yellowwood, is good for construction, particularly shipbuilding. It is also made into plywood and used to make many products, including furniture, boxes, vats, toys, farm implements, musical instruments, and railroad ties. It is used in the construction of houses. It is also used as firewood. Some examples of South African yellowwood antique woodworking were created with the wood of this tree. The wood is also used for making

neg: Pseudobombax tomentosum of flowers favors the movement of marsupials from one tree to another. As the wood of the tree is not very durable, it is used in low value goods such as toys, boxes, or wooden shoes. The fibers of the bark are used to make thread for filling cushions or to make light felt. The tree is occasionally used for landscaping or as an ornamental. Pseudobombax tomentosum Pseudobombax tomentosum is a species of deciduous tree native to South America. "Pseudobombax tomentosum" is found along the edges of forests in a clumped pattern. It branches horizontally and usually the ends of

neg: Acacia peuce it can also be found along with "Eucalyptus coolabah". Indigenous Australians used the hard and heavy wood of the tree to produce clubs or "waddy". The tree is host to various butterflies and their larvae and also provides protective habitat for birds from grey falcons to desert finches. The foliage is often chewed by insects, but saplings were eaten by grazers such as cattle and diprotodon. Pastoralists used the tree to make highly durable and termite resistant fenceposts and stockyards from the timber. Acacia peuce Acacia peuce, commonly known as Birdsville wattle, waddy, waddi, or waddy-wood, is a tree species

neg: Ceiba speciosa size, but their color goes from creamy white centers to yellow tips. As a deciduous tree, it is completely bare of leaves and flowers during the winter months, especially when growing outside of its native South America habitat. The fruits are lignous ovoid capsules, long, which contain bean-sized black seeds surrounded by a mass of fibrous, fluffy matter reminiscent of cotton or silk. The "cotton" inside the capsules, although not of as good quality as that of the kapok tree, has been used as stuffing (density = 0.27 g/cm³). The wood can be used to make canoes, as wood pulp,

neg: Mimosa tenuiflora soil erosion and for reforestation. "Mimosa tenuiflora" is a very good source of fuel wood and works very well for making posts, most likely because of its high tannin content (16%), which protects it from rot. Due to its high tannin content, the bark of the tree is widely used as a natural dye and in leather production. It is used to make bridges, buildings, fences, furniture and wheels. It is an excellent source of charcoal and at least one study has been done to see why this is the case. The healing properties of the tree make it useful

neg: Bobbili Veena Bobbili Veena Bobbili veena is a large plucked string instrument used in Carnatic classical music. The Veena is named after Bobbili, a place where it was invented. In 2011 the musical instrument got a Geographical Indication tag from the Government of India. Bobbili Veena is considered to be invented in Bobbili of Vizianagaram district, Andhra Pradesh. The making of the Veena started in the 17th century during the reign of Pedda Rayudu. At that time, playing Veena was a common practice in India, specially South India. The entire development process of the Veena took more than three centuries. Bobbili kingdom

neg: Tree but they tend to be high in tannins which makes them bitter. Leaves of the curry tree ("Murraya koenigii") are eaten, those of kaffir lime ("Citrus × hystrix") (in Thai food) and "Ailanthus" (in Korean dishes such as bugak) and those of the European bay tree ("Laurus nobilis") and the California bay tree ("Umbellularia californica") are used for flavouring food. "Camellia sinensis", the source of tea, is a small tree but seldom reaches its full height, being heavily pruned to make picking the leaves easier. Wood has traditionally been used for fuel, especially in rural areas. In less developed nations

neg: Mopane wood, its uses including aquarium ornaments, bases for lamps or sculptures, and garden accents. It is also increasingly being used in the construction of musical instruments, particularly woodwind. Suitable quality African blackwood ("Dalbergia melanoxylon"), traditionally used for clarinets, is becoming harder to find. Mopane is fairly oily, seasons very well with few splits or shakes, and produces instruments of a warm, rich tone. Mopane twigs have been traditionally used as tooth brushes, bark to make twine and for tanning, and leaves for healing wounds. The wood is also used to make charcoal and for braai wood. The tree is a

neg: Acacia auriculiformis a shade tree and it is also raised on plantations for fuelwood throughout southeast Asia, Oceania and in Sudan. Its wood is good for making paper, furniture and tools. It contains tannin useful in animal hide tanning. In India, its wood and charcoal are widely used for fuel. Gum from the tree is sold commercially, but it is said not to be as useful as gum arabic. In Thailand the small fresh leaves are eaten, often with nam prik chili sauce or papaya salad. The tree is used to make an analgesic by indigenous Australians. Extracts of "Acacia auriculiformis" heartwood

neg: Burseraceae their renowned importance. Commonly known as tabonuco (or gommier, also candlewood), "Dacryodes excelsa" is a large, dominant tree found in Puerto Rico and other parts of the Caribbean. The seeds of the tree are a source of food for birds. Like all members, the tree releases sap from the bark when wounded. The clear sap oozes from the tree and hardens to a white, aromatic waxy resin that can be used to make candles and incense. Before the arrival of the Spaniards to Puerto Rico, the native Taínos used the resin to make torches. The wood itself is useful for

neg: Casuarina is a common tropical seashore tree known as Common Ironwood, Beefwood, Bull-oak, or Whistling-pine, and is often planted as a windbreak. The wood of this tree is used commercially for shingles or fencing, and is said to make excellent, hot burning firewood. "C. oligodon" has been planted in New Guinea in an ancient (more than 3,000 years) silviculture by highland gardeners practicing an intensive traditional permaculture. The wood of this tree is used for building-timber, furniture and tools, and makes excellent firewood. The tree's root nodules are known to fix nitrogen, and it is traditionally prized for its ability to

neg: Spanbaum Spanbaum A spanbaum ("wood shaving tree"), variously referred to in English as a hand-shaved tree, wood chip tree or span tree, is a handmade ornamental tree which is usually part of a pyramid ornament. They are mainly manufactured in woodturning workshops in the Ore Mountains of Saxony in eastern Germany. Their method of production is known locally as "Spanbaumstechen". The choice of material is especially important. Only lime wood with a straight grain is suitable. To make the "spanbaum", first of all a conical blank of the tree is turned and a small disc is made for the base. The

neg: Acer campestre is widely grown as an ornamental tree in parks and large gardens. The wood is white, hard and strong, and used for furniture, flooring, wood turning and musical instruments, though the small size of the tree and its relatively slow growth make it an unimportant wood. It is locally naturalised in parts of the United States and more rarely in New Zealand. The hybrid maple "Acer" × "zoeschense" has "A. campestre" as one of its parents. The tree has gained the Royal Horticultural Society's Award of Garden Merit. Over 30 cultivars of "Acer campestre" are known, selected for their foliage

neg: Japamala draping the mala over the middle finger and using the thumb to move the beads is also acceptable in these regions. A wide variety of materials are used to make mala beads. Beads made from the seeds of the rudraksha tree are considered sacred by Saivas, devotees of Siva, while beads made from the wood of the tulsi plant are used and revered by Vaishnavas, followers of Vishnu. Other common beads include wood or seeds from the sandalwood tree or the Bodhi tree, and seeds of the Lotus plant. Some Tibetan Buddhist traditions call for the use of animal bone

neg: Tembusu Laos). The trunk of this tree can produce very hard wood that can be used to make chopping boards. The wood can last over 100 years, particularly as termites and weevils do not eat this kind of wood. People always use this wood for creating the floors of their homes and love to sleep on it. Tembusu The tembusu ("Fagraea fragrans") is a large evergreen tree in the family Gentianaceae. It is native to Southeast Asia. Its trunk is dark brown, with deeply fissured bark, looking somewhat like a bittergourd. It grows in an irregular shape from 10 to 25m

neg: Populus ciliata fuel wood. "Populus ciliata" wood is used for making boxes for packing purposes, also for poles, trucks and barrow-trays, coaches, furniture and cross-beams. Bark is used to make tonic, stimulants and blood purifier. The paste of the bark, when mixed with the ash of cow dung, can be used to treat muscular swellings. "Populus ciliata" provides paper for writing, wrapping and printing. This tree can be used to control erosion as it easily establishes in shallow soils and exhibits a fast growth rate and produces numerous strong lateral roots with little taper. Hence, extensive use of this tree is made

neg: Spanbaum conical blank is clamped in a vice and the branches carved symmetrically using a chisel, shaving by shaving, on all sides. Spanbaum A spanbaum ("wood shaving tree"), variously referred to in English as a hand-shaved tree, wood chip tree or span tree, is a handmade ornamental tree which is usually part of a pyramid ornament. They are mainly manufactured in woodturning workshops in the Ore Mountains of Saxony in eastern Germany. Their method of production is known locally as "Spanbaumstechen". The choice of material is especially important. Only lime wood with a straight grain is suitable. To make the "spanbaum",

neg: Dipterocarpus tuberculatus Dipterocarpus tuberculatus Dipterocarpus tuberculatus (Khmer "khlông", Indian English "gurjuntree") is a species of tree in the family Dipterocarpaceae found in Bangladesh, Myanmar, Thailand, Cambodia, Laos and Vietnam. The tree is found in clear forests of plains, at altitudes up to 800-1000m. It grows to height of 5–25 m. The lipids and wood are used in the Indian subcontinent. Uses in Cambodia include: using the leaves for packaging and sometimes for covering huts; the wood, resistant to bad weather, is used to make beams, boards and for the manufacture of boats; and the roots are used in traditional medicine to cure

neg: Piscidia piscipula development. The yellow-brown wood of fishpoison tree is resistant to decay, making its timber suitable for outdoor usage, such as boat building, fence posts, and poles. The dense, tight-grained wood is also used as a fuel, to make charcoal, and as a good carving material. Indigenous peoples all over the world used local poisonous plants to aid in catching fish, and because of this many plants bear common names descriptive of this use. Within its natural range, Native Americans used an extract from the bark, roots, twigs, and leaves of Florida fishpoison tree to sedate fish, making them easier to

neg: Cedrus deodara ideal wood for constructing the well-known houseboats of Srinagar, Kashmir. In Pakistan and India, during the British colonial period, deodar wood was used extensively for construction of barracks, public buildings, bridges, canals and railway cars. Despite its durability, it is not a strong timber, and its brittle nature makes it unsuitable for delicate work where strength is required, such as chair-making. "C. deodara" is used in Ayurvedic medicine. The inner wood is aromatic and used to make incense. Inner wood is distilled into essential oil. As insects avoid this tree, the essential oil is used as insect repellent on the

neg: Bobbili Yuddham Bobbili Yuddham Bobbili Yuddham (English: Battle of Bobbili) is a 1964 Telugu historical film, based on the "Battle of Bobbili", produced and directed by C. Seetaram. It stars N. T. Rama Rao, Bhanumathi Ramakrishna in the lead roles and music composed by Saluri Rajeswara Rao. The film begins with the birthday celebrations of Prince Chinna Venkatrayudu, son of Raja Rangarayudu (N. T. Rama Rao), King of Bobbili, for which Raja Vijayaramaraju (Rajanala), King of Vijayanagaram was invited. On this occasion, sports competitions were conducted in which Bobbili wins, which makes Vijayaramaraju feel insulted and he decides to take revenge against

neg: Vachellia caven chilensis". The flowers of "V. caven" are used as food for bees in the production of honey. The tree is used for erosion control. The tree has ornamental uses. Tannin from the seed pods is used for tanning hides. The wood is used as fuel and to make posts for fences. The chief current human use for "V. caven" is in the production of charcoal. The flowers are used in perfume. Vachellia caven Vachellia caven (Roman Cassie, Aromita, Aromo Criollo, Caven, Churque, Churqui, Espinillo, Espinillo de Baado, Espino, Espino Maulino) is an ornamental tree in the Fabaceae family. "Vachellia caven"

neg: Stobrum is used for promoting sleep in persons when ill. Pliny's editors John Bostock and Henry Thomas Riley note regarding stobrum: Although the savin shrub, the "Juniperus sabina" of Carl Linnaeus, bears this name in Greek, it is evident, as Fée says, that Pliny does not allude to it, but to a coniferous tree, as it is that family which produces a resinous wood with a balsamic odour when ignited. Bauhin and others would make the tree meant to be the "Thuja occidentalis" of Carl Linnaeus; but, as Fée observes, that tree is in reality a native originally of Canada, while

neg: Prayer beads calculate one mala as 100 mantras and the 11 additional beads are taken as extra to compensate for errors. Various type of materials are used to make mala beads such as seeds of the rudraksha, beads made from the wood of the tulsi plant, animal bone, wood or seeds from the Bodhi Tree (a particularly sacred tree of the species Ficus religiosa) or of Nelumbo nucifera (the lotus plant). Semi-precious stones like carnelian and amethyst are also used. Another commonly used material is sandalwood. The Bahá'í Faith stipulates that the verse Alláh-u-Abhá "God the All-Glorious" be recited 95 times daily

neg: Coconut production in Niue baskets ("kato"), and mats ("potu"). The wood of the tree is tough and heavy, and is used to make polished walking sticks. The white pulp of the nut is extracted and pressed to make coconut oil called "puke-lolo", a sometimes scented oil which is used for massaging the body before taking a bath. The fibrous part of the coconut, called "pulu", is used for making rope or sinnet ("tona") and strings ("aho"). Sinnet is considered to be very strong and durable. Coconut shells, after cleaning and polishing are used for making vessels such as a water bottle. Dried coconut or

neg: Tar wood causes tar and pitch to drip away from the wood and leave behind charcoal. Birch bark is used to make particularly fine tar, known as "Russian oil", suitable for leather protection. The by-products of wood tar are turpentine and charcoal. When deciduous tree woods are subjected to destructive distillation, the products are methanol (wood alcohol) and charcoal. Tar kilns (, , , ) are dry distillation ovens, historically used in Scandinavia for producing tar from wood. They were built close to the forest, from limestone or from more primitive holes in the ground. The bottom is sloped into an

neg: Acer macrophyllum Bigleaf maple is the only commercially important maple of the Pacific Coast region. The wood is used for applications as diverse as furniture, piano frames and salad bowls. Highly figured wood is not uncommon and is used for veneer, stringed instruments, guitar bodies, and gun stocks. The wood is primarily used in veneer production for furniture, but is also used in musical instrument production, interior paneling, and other hardwood products; the heartwood is light, reddish-brown, fine-grained, moderately heavy, and moderately hard and strong. Lakwungen First Nations people of Vancouver Island call it the paddle tree and used it to make

neg: Lysiphyllum cunninghamii trees to shelter from the heat of the day. Fires made from the wood are smokeless, and so the wood is often used for cooking. Windbreaks are made from the branches. Aborigines sucked nectar from the flowers. They made a decoction from the roots and inner bark, which was used on the skin as an antiseptic, and also drunk to treat fevers and other sicknesses. Ash from the tree is mixed with chewing tobacco, and chewed. A further use is to mix the sap with the nectar to make a chewy and tasty gum ("Turkish delight"). Lysiphyllum cunninghamii Lysiphyllum cunninghamii,

neg: Trema orientalis Australia (in the northern portion of Northern Territory and eastern parts of Queensland). The wood is relatively soft, and burns easily and quickly when dry. The wood is suitable for paper and pulp production, producing paper with good tensile strength and folding endurance. The bark can be used for making string or rope, and used as waterproofing fishing-lines. In India and Tanzania, the wood is used to make charcoal. The tree has various uses as an herbal medicine in a wide range of cultures. The leaves and the bark are used to treat coughs, sore throats, asthma, bronchitis, gonorrhea, yellow

neg: Manilkara huberi and is edible, with excellent flavor popular for use in desserts. "M. huberi" produces an edible latex that can be harvested in a manner similar to the harvesting of the latex of the rubber tree ("Hevea brasiliensis"). The latex dries to an inelastic rubber, which is considered inferior to gutta-percha. The latex from "M. huberi" is sometimes used to make golf ball covers. It is considered a good, but short-lived, cover, requiring frequent recoating, yet it is popular in tournaments. The tree is also used for lumber in Puerto Rico. The wood is red and very hard, and is popular

neg: Pink ivory pink ivory tree produces a yellow, brownish, reddish, or purplish drupe fruit that is delicious to taste. Other parts of the tree have been used traditionally as remedies and medicines. Pink ivory Pink ivory ("Berchemia zeyheri"), also called purple ivory, red ivory, umnini or umgoloty, is an African hardwood used to make a variety of products (for example: billiard cues and knife handles). The pink ivory tree grows predominantly in Zimbabwe, Mozambique and South Africa. The tree is protected and sustainably maintained in South Africa, only felled by very limited permit. The wood is extremely hard, with a density of

neg: Bobbili through the ancillary industries. Bobbili Railway junction is in Visakhapatnam division of East Coast Railway zone. It is at Mallampeta (which is named after the goddess Mallamma). It is on the Vizianagaram-Raipur railway line. There is a broad-gauge railway line between Bobbili and Salur. Bobbili Bobbili is a town in Vizianagaram district of the Indian state of Andhra Pradesh. Bobbili is located at . It has an average elevation of 103 metres (337 feet). The town of Bobbili was founded during the 17th century by Pedda Rayudu, the 15th descendant of the Rajah of Venkatagiri. The town was originally named

neg: Schefflera digitata The dark violet fruits are fleshy, round, and grooved when dry. They are about 3.5 mm in diameter and take two or three months to ripen. The sap of the tree has medicinal uses, and has been used to treat ringworm and sores on the skin. The wood was used by Māori to make fire by friction. Patē is the most common host of the parasitic plant "Dactylanthus taylori". This is a root parasite that was known to the Māori as "pua-o-te-reinga", 'the flower of the underworld'. Wood rose is threatened with extinction, which is thought to be due to

neg: Thuja occidentalis ringworm, and thrush. "An injection of the tincture into venereal warts is said to cause them to disappear." Strips of clear, northern white-cedar wood were used to make the original Au Sable river boats, formerly known as the "pickup trucks of the Au Sable". The light, rot resistant wood was preferred but is now commonly replaced by marine grade plywood. Since the plywood is available in lengths of 8 feet, the modern boats are slightly shorter than the older boats which were around 25 feet long. Northern white-cedar, often under the name arborvitae, is widely used as an ornamental tree,

neg: Diameter tape estimate the volume of wood in an individual tree. Usually DBH and height of the trees in a plot or quadrat is measured and used to estimate wood volume for the plot, which can be in turn used to estimate the wood volume in a larger area. DBH measures can be used to calculate basal area. To measure the diameter of a tree, the diameter tape (diameter side facing user) is wrapped around the tree, in the plane perpendicular to the axis of the trunk at above ground (or , depending on the location) . Where the number "0" aligns

neg: Ual (tool) Ual (tool) Ual (pronounced as "woo-aal") is a sand clock-shaped grinding tool used by the Bodo people. Since forests have abounded in Assam for centuries, wood is used to make an ual. From a tree trunk, a circular core is carved out and sand-clock counter is achieved by trimming its outer belly. The tool for ramming the contents within an ual is also made of wood. It's a long cylindrical tool which is provided with a trough at an appropriate position for holding it. The two ends of the ramming tool is clipped with circular metal rings for its longevity.

neg: Pouteria costata the berry, which were used by the Māori to make necklaces. The berries undergo successive stages of colour from green to orange to a very dark red as they ripen, a process that can take from 12 to 15 months. The berries are heavy and will fall from the tree easily if it is disturbed. According to Salmon, a tree with a heavy crop of berries is a spectacular sight (1973:278). When wounded, the tree exudes a sticky, white latex. The white-coloured wood is hard and durable. The fruit are consumed by the kereru (New Zealand pigeon), and the kaka

neg: Celtis laevigata other woods must be achieved by bleaching. The wood is also used to produce sporting goods and plywood. Sugarberry is frequently planted as a shade-tree within its range. It is well-adapted to urban areas; its elm-like shape and warty bark make it an attractive landscape tree. Celtis laevigata Celtis laevigata is a medium-sized tree native to North America. Common names include sugarberry, Southern hackberry, or in the southern U.S. sugar hackberry or just hackberry. Sugarberry is easily confused with common hackberry ("C. occidentalis") where the range overlaps. Sugarberry has narrower leaves which are smoother above. The species can also be

neg: Longleaf pine wood", which is in demand as kindling for fireplaces, wood stoves, and barbecue pits. In old-growth pine, the heartwood of the bole is often saturated in the same way. When boards are cut from the fat lighter wood, they are very heavy and will not rot, but buildings constructed of them are quite flammable and make extremely hot fires. The longleaf pine is the official state tree of Alabama. And although all pines are technically the official state tree of North Carolina, it is commonly believed to be the official state tree of North Carolina due to it being referenced

neg: Bobbili Fort Das Ranga Rao. Another functional palace in the fort is the Pooja Mahal. Opposite to this palace is the Prangmahal, the residence of the Raja, which is very well preserved and decorated with elegant "tapestry, paintings and porcelain" brought from many countries. Bibliography Bobbili Fort The Bobbili Fort, located in the Vizianagaram district of the Indian state of Andhra Pradesh, was built during the middle of the 19th century in Bobbili. It has a historical link to the nearby mud fort of the same name which was destroyed during the Bobbili war in 1757 in a feud between the Rajas

neg: Garcinia intermedia The fast-growing tree reaches a height of about 5 meters. It is tolerant of a wide range of soils, up to an altitude of around 4000 feet. It can be grown successfully and will fruit in a large pot. It grows best with regular water in full sun in a humid environment. It tolerates high temperatures but is probably not frost hardy. It has small, whitish flowers which are perfect and makes an attractive ornamental tree, especially when in fruit, which may be year round. Its leaves are opposite. The wood is termite resistant and used to make posts and

neg: Liquidambar styraciflua as inexpensive picture frames. The wood is also used to make chopsticks for the East Asian market, as it has a naturally light color with appeal to certain segments of the Asian market. The tree's gum resin, for which the tree is named, exudes from the bark of the tree when wounded. It has many names, including liquid amber or copalm balsam. It is a kind of native balsam, or resin, resembling turpentine. It may be clear, reddish, or yellow, with a pleasant smell like ambergris. As the resin ages, it solidifies, the form in which it was historically exported

neg: Bobbili mandal mandal is one of the mandal in Bobbili (Assembly constituency), which in turn is a part of Vizianagaram (Lok Sabha constituency), one of the 25 Lok Sabha constituencies representing Andhra Pradesh. The present MLA is Venkata Sujay Krishna Ranga Rao Ravu, who won the representing YSRCP. Bobbili was a Lok Sabha constituency till 2008. Bobbili is a municipal town in the mandal. Alajangi is the most populated and Vakadavalasa is the least populated village in the mandal. census, the mandal has 9 settlements, that includes: Bobbili mandal Bobbili is one of the 34 mandals in Vizianagaram district of Andhra Pradesh,

neg: Schizolobium parahyba Schizolobium parahyba Schizolobium parahyba, the Brazilian firetree, or Brazilian fern tree, is a tree species from tropical America, notable for its fast growth (up to 3 meters per year). According to Francis Hallé, this tree may even reach 30 meters high in only five years, which would make it one of the fastest growing trees ever (an average growth of 6 meters per year). The tree is locally known by many names, including guapuruvu, guapiruvu, bacurubu, ficheira ("token tree"), faveira ("fava tree"), pau-de-vintém ("penny-wood"), pau-de-tamanco ("clog-wood"), umbela, and parica. It was first described by J. M. C. Vellozo in 1825

neg: Artocarpus lacucha Artocarpus lacucha Artocarpus lacucha, also known as monkey fruit, or Monkey Jack or barhar (Hindi:बरहङ), badahar (Nepali:बडहर) or dewa (, ) or bohot () and 'Taat' in Thadou-Kuki language of Northeast India, is a tropical evergreen tree species of the family Moraceae. It is distributed throughout the Indian Subcontinent and Southeast Asia. The tree is valued for its wood; its fruit is edible and is believed to have medicinal value. In Northeastern Thailand, the wood is used to make pong lang, a local traditional instrument. The stilbenoid oxyresveratrol can be isolated from the heartwood of "A. lakoocha" as well as

neg: Balanites glabra on stony or sandy soils, or on lava. It can persist in degraded plant communities often occurring alongside "Opuntia". The wood of "Balanites glabra" is used for carvings. The leaves are used as fodder while the spiny branches make it suitable for use as fencing, either as a live or dead fence. Despite being mildly poisonous the fruits are eaten. Balanites glabra Balanites glabra is a species of tree or shrub, classified either as a member of the Zygophyllaceae or the Balanitaceae. This tree is native to East Africa. "Balanites glabra" is a spiny shrub or tree growing to a

neg: Acacia melanoxylon may cause limited impact (Knapp 2003). Its use as a street tree is being phased out in some locales because of the damage it often causes to pavements and underground plumbing. In some regions of Tasmania, blackwood is now considered a pest. Indigenous Australians derive an analgesic from the tree. It was also used to make spearthrowers and shields. The wood has many uses including wood panels, furniture, fine cabinetry, tools, boats, inlayed boxes and wooden kegs. It is approximately the same quality as walnut, and is well-suited for shaping with steam. The bark has a tannin content of about

neg: Aquilaria sinensis the base of the fruit holds the single seed (or two) in the air. The tree produces agarwood, a valuable fragrant wood used for incense and medicine. Previously, the wood was used to make joss sticks and incense, but in Hong Kong this industry has died out. The balm (resin) produced and accumulated from the wood is used as a valuable Chinese medicine called “Chen Xiang” (沉香). According to Chinese medicinal literature, the resin can be extracted in large quantities by natural fungal infection or by external wounding (up to 5 cm into the bark). Sustainable harvesting of the resin

neg: Bobbili Fort Bobbili Fort The Bobbili Fort, located in the Vizianagaram district of the Indian state of Andhra Pradesh, was built during the middle of the 19th century in Bobbili. It has a historical link to the nearby mud fort of the same name which was destroyed during the Bobbili war in 1757 in a feud between the Rajas of Bobbili and the neighbouring Maharaja of Vizianagaram. Chinna Ranga Rao, who survived the Battle of Bobbili as a child was, at a later date, installed as the Raja of Bobbili. The successors of his lineage constructed the present Bobbili Fort following their

neg: Coula edulis superficial resemblance to the walnut. Every part of the tree is used in both raw and finished states. Its timber and nuts are used extensively. The bark is used locally to produce rinses or enemas for loin pains or kidney problems. The wood is used to make pilings for bridges and railway ties in addition to charcoal and standard construction. The nut is 50% fat of which 87% is oleic acid. The flavour is mild and is said to be between the flavour of hazelnuts and chestnuts. Used in a variety of ways it can be boiled, roasted and fermented

neg: Ajaeng forsythia tree is peeled, and the surface is smoothed to make a ridge. Ribbon is used to paint the rosin because it reinforces the rubbing sound of string and string. Though the sound is rough because it makes a sound by rubbing a thick line with a forsythia tree instead of a horsehair, it is also a feature of Ajaeng. Nowadays, however, Sanjo Ajaeng is using a horsehooking band. Ajaeng The ajaeng is a Korean string instrument. It is a wide zither with strings made of twisted silk, played by means of a slender stick made of forsythia wood, which

neg: Prosopis pallida grow, such as sandy, dry, degraded slopes, salty soils, disturbed areas, and rocky cliffs. The tree grows quickly and can live for over a millennium. It makes a good shade tree, if one does not mind the nasty thorns of the fallen branches, and its hard wood is a source of long-burning firewood and charcoal. Kiawe pods can be used as livestock fodder, ground into flour, turned into molasses or used to make beer. The light yellow flowers attract bees, which produce from them a sought-after white honey. Fallen Kiawe branches usually contain sharp spines that can puncture both feet

neg: Cassia sieberiana plants, they usually never grow alone. In Nigeria the sweet extract of the stems is used for food. Chew sticks can also be made from the root-wood part of the plant. "Cassia sieberiana" is used to make tools, pestles, mortars, and also used for construction because it is a very hard wood that is resistant to termites. In addition, it is also an ornamental tree because of its brightly colored flowers. Some cultures also incorporate the plant in their religion and for superstitious and magical purposes. Parts of the plant have also been used traditionally as teeth cleaning twigs. Cassia

neg: Zebrawood woods, can make it difficult to work. It is also a decorative exotic wood, used in a limited way for veneer, wall paneling, custom furniture, furniture trim, inlay bandings, marquetry, specialty items and turnery. It is also sometimes seen as stocks of shotguns and rifles or in exotic guitars. In the past, it was used in Cadillac and Mercedes-Benz automobiles. Because of its hardness, it can also be used for skis and tool handles. Zebrawood The name zebrawood is used to describe several tree species and the wood derived from them. Zebrawood is characterized by a striped figure that is

neg: Tree-free paper Tree-free paper Tree-free paper or tree-free newsprint described an alternative to wood-pulp paper by its raw material composition. It is claimed to be more eco-friendly considering the product's entire life cycle. Sources of fiber for tree-free paper include: Non-fibre sources include: Paper manufacturing is highly competitive, with historically tight margins and small operating profits. As a result, the raw materials used to make paper have to be very cost effective, using cheap, scalable renewable resources, coupled with relatively inexpensive ways to deliver large quantities to market. Until recently, commercial tree farming, has been shaped to account for these tight operating

neg: Battle of Bobbili at Rajahmundry. There were differences between Vizianagaram Maharaja and the ruler of Bobbili, which led to the battle of Bobbili starting on 23 January 1757. The war was fought by Bussy and the Raja of Vizianagaram-Pusapati Vijayarama Gajapati Raju I (Ruled 1710 – Died 1757) (Founder of Vizianagaram. During the battle the Bobbili fort was totally destroyed and many Bobbili soldiers died. There is still a street named after Bussy in Yanam. On January 24, 1757, Bussy with his army and the army of Pusapati Vijayarama Gajapati Raju I in tow marched towards the Bobbili fort. The army of Gopalakrishna

neg: Merrillia up to 1.8 centimeters long. The oblong fruit is up to 11 centimeters long by 7.5 wide. It has a warty peel over a centimeter thick. It is green, turning yellow with maturity. The fruit contains a tasteless, fibrous, olive-green pulp. The native habitat of the tree includes primary and secondary tropical forest. The species has been noted for its wood, which is bright yellow with dark brown streaks. It is a hard wood used historically in Malaysia to make walking sticks and kris handles. It was also good for making furniture and boxes. The species was too rare to

neg: Wood veneer to replace decorative papers in Wood Veneer HPL. Veneer is also a type of manufactured board. Veneer is obtained either by "peeling" the trunk of a tree or by slicing large rectangular blocks of wood known as flitches. The appearance of the grain and figure in wood comes from slicing through the growth rings of a tree and depends upon the angle at which the wood is sliced. There are three main types of veneer-making equipment used commercially: Each slicing processes gives a very distinctive type of grain, depending upon the tree species. In any of the veneer-slicing methods, when

neg: Bobbili Brahmanna the formula was used in "Cheran Pandiyan" (1991) (Tamil film, remade in Telugu as "Balarama Krishnulu" in 1992), "Chinna Gounder" (1992) (Tamil film, remade in Telugu as "Chinarayudu" in 1992), "Bobbili Simham" (1994), "Nattamai" (1994) (Tamil film, remade in Telugu as "Pedarayudu" in 1995), "Kondapalli Rattaiah" (1995) and "Kondaveeti Simhasanam" (2002). Bobbili Brahmanna Bobbili Brahmanna is a 1984 Telugu Action film, produced by U. Suryanarayana Raju under Gopi Krishna Movies and directed by K. Raghavendra Rao. It stars Krishnam Raju, Sharada and Jayasudha in the lead roles, with music composed by Chakravarthy. The film was recorded as a "Blockbuster" at

neg: Cordia subcordata rainfall. "C. subcordata" prefers neutral to alkaline soils (pH of 6.1 to 7.4), such as those originating from basalt, limestone, clay, or sand. Allowable soil textures include sand, sandy loam, loam, sandy clay loam, sandy clay, clay loam, and clay. The seeds are edible and have been eaten during famine. "C. subcordata" burns readily, and this led to the nickname of Kerosene Tree in Papua New Guinea. The wood of the tree has a specific gravity of 0.45, is soft, durable, easily worked, and resistant to termites. In ancient Hawaii "kou" wood was used to make "umeke" (bowls), utensils, and

neg: Acacia shirleyi Acacia shirleyi Acacia shirleyi, known colloquially as lancewood, is a species of "Acacia" native to Queensland and the Northern Territory in Australia. It grows as a tree to 15 m high, with dark grey or black stringy bark and blue-grey foliage. The yellow flowers appear from March to July. It grows in dry scrub, open forest or mixed savannah woodland. Indigenous people used the wood as fuel and to make hunting spears. Cattle can eat the foliage as fodder. The small tree has a single stem which is layered with dead bark and an umbrella shaped habit. It typically grows

neg: Thuja plicata cuts were made at the ends of the planking. Then wedges would be pounded in along the sides and the planks slowly split off the side of the tree. Trees which have been so harvested are still visible in some places in the rainforest, with obvious chunks taken off of their sides. Such trees usually continue to grow perfectly well, since redcedar wood is resistant to decay. Planks are straightened by a variety of methods, including weighing them down with stones, lashing them together with rope, or forcing them between a line of stakes. Redcedar wood is used to make

neg: New Geneva Glass Works At the same time, the company was troubled by supply and production issues, including properly curing the wood they used for fuel, cleaning the sand used to make the glass, preparing batches of glass, and obtaining clay used to make furnace pots. Gallatin maintained a half interest in the glassworks and provided all the sand and wood used until 1803. That May, he posted an advertisement in the "Tree of Liberty", a Pittsburgh newspaper, announcing an auction of his interest in the glassworks, a ferry across the Monongahela River, and several properties in the town of New Geneva. There were

neg: Wassailing the guild could drink from it. In the British Christmas carol "Wassail, Wassail, All Over the Town", the singers tell that their "bowl is made of the white maple tree, with a wassailing bowl we'll drink to thee". White maple is a completely flavorless wood, commonly used even today to make some kitchen utensils, and likely was what many simple peasant wassail bowls were made from. Variants may be sung where the Wassail bowl is made of other woods, e.g. "Sycamore tree", "grand old Oak tree", "the good ashen tree", and so on. There are surviving examples of "puzzle wassail

neg: Betula pubescens and in the manufacture of plywood, furniture, shelves, coffins, matches, toys and wood flooring. The inner bark is edible and it was ground up and used in bread-making in times of famine. The rising sap in spring can be used to make refreshing drinks, wines, ales and liqueurs and various parts of the tree have been used in herbal medicine. "Betula pubescens" is commonly known as downy birch, with other common names including moor birch, white birch, European white birch or hairy birch. It is a deciduous tree growing to tall (rarely to 27 m), with a slender crown and

neg: Cupressaceae another tourist attraction. They can be seen at Big Cypress National Preserve in Florida. Bald cypress "knees" are often sold as knick knacks, made into lamps or carved to make folk art. Monterey cypress is another famous picturesque tree often visited by tourists and photographers. Baton Rouge, Louisiana ("red stick") was named after the decay-resistant red wood of "Juniperus virginiana", used by Native Americans in the region for waymarking. Its heartwood is fragrant and used in clothes chests, drawers and closets to repel moths. It is a source of juniper oil used in perfumes and medicines. The wood is also

neg: Aegiphila sellowiana Aegiphila sellowiana Aegiphila sellowiana is a species of tree or shrub in the family Lamiaceae. It is native to Bolivia, Brazil, and Ecuador. Its common names include tamanqueira. In tree form it can grow seven meters tall. It produces oppositely arranged leaves up to 28 centimeters long and abundant drupes. The seeds are dispersed by birds that eat the fruits. It often grows in riparian zones, where it tolerates flooding. It is a pioneer species sometimes used in revegetation efforts in riparian habitat in Brazil. The soft wood has been used to make furniture and shoes. It has been used

neg: Hakea divaricata both frost and drought tolerant Although it is slow growing it can live to over 20 years. It is able to resprout epicormically from the lignotuber following fire. Indigenous Australian peoples have used the plant as a food source especially the fruit flesh, the roots are used as a water source, gum can be extracted from the tree and the wood used to make weapons, implements and traps. They also extracted honey from the flowers or soaked the flowers in water to produce a sweet drink. Hakea divaricata Hakea divaricata, commonly known as needlewood, corkbark tree or fork-leaved corkwood, is

neg: Pinus koraiensis used to make lubricants and soap. The tree is also a source of turpentine resin and tannin. The Korean pine is used as an ornamental tree. It is tolerant of several soil types and thrives in urban settings. It is adapted to climates with very cold winters. There are several cultivars, including the blue-tinged 'Glauca' and 'Silveray' and the wide-bodied 'Winton'. The wood is versatile and very useful for construction. It is light, with straight grains, and easy to work. It is used for a great variety of products, including telephone poles, railroad ties, bridges, boats, plywood and flooring, furniture,

neg: Hura crepitans Tanzania in Africa it has become invasive. This tree prefers wet soil, and partial shade or partial sun to full sun. It is often cultivated for shade. Fishermen have been said to use the milky, caustic sap from this tree to poison fish. The Caribs made arrow poison from its sap. The wood is used for furniture under the name "hura". Before more modern forms of pens were invented, the trees' unripe seed capsules were sawn in half to make decorative pen sandboxes (also called pounce pots), hence the name 'sandbox tree'. Hura crepitans Hura crepitans, the sandbox tree, also

neg: Bobbili mandal Bobbili mandal Bobbili is one of the 34 mandals in Vizianagaram district of Andhra Pradesh, India. Bobbili town is the headquarters of the mandal. The mandal is bounded by Makkuva, Seethanagaram, Balajipeta, Salur, Ramabhadrapuram, Badangi and Therlam mandals. census, the mandal had a population of 122,964. The total population constitute, 61,092 males and 61,872 females —a sex ratio of 1013 females per 1000 males. 12,369 children are in the age group of 0–6 years, of which 6,383 are boys and 5,984 are girls —a ratio of 938 per 1000. The average literacy rate stands at 63.99% with 70,768 literates. Bobbili

neg: Syzygium cumini just for its ornamental value. At the base of the tree, the bark is rough and dark grey, becoming lighter grey and smoother higher up. The wood is water resistant. Because of this it is used in railway sleepers and to install motors in wells. It is sometimes used to make cheap furniture and village dwellings though it is relatively hard to work on. The leaves which have an aroma similar to turpentine, are pinkish when young, changing to a leathery, glossy dark green with a yellow midrib as they mature. The leaves are used as food for livestock, as

neg: Asherah pole to an altar to Baal. The wood was to be used for a burnt offering. Deuteronomy 16:21 states that YHWH (rendered as "the ") hated "Asherim" whether rendered as poles: "Do not set up any ["wooden"] Asherah ["pole"] beside the altar you build to the your God" or as living trees: "You shall not plant any tree as an Asherah beside the altar of the Lord your God which you shall make". That Asherahs were not always living trees is shown in 1 Kings 14:23: "their asherim, beside every luxuriant tree". However, the record indicates that the Jewish people often

neg: Acacia confusa a density of about 0.75 g/cm³. In Taiwan, its wood is used to make support beams for underground mines. The wood is also converted to charcoal for family use. The plant is used in traditional medicine and is available from herbal medicine shops (草藥店) in Taiwan, but there has been no clinical study to support its effectiveness. It is also frequently used as a durable flooring material. Phytochemicals found in "Acacia confusa": Acacia confusa Acacia confusa is a perennial tree native to South-East Asia. Some common names for it are acacia petit feuille, small Philippine acacia, Formosa acacia (Taiwan acacia)

neg: Polar forests of the Cretaceous provide details of what the climate might have been like in various geographic locations on Earth. Pattern analysis of tree rings or growth rings from Cretaceous fossil woods are mainly used to make inferences into paleoclimate and forest productivity. One very useful scientific method used for tree growth ring dating is dendrochronology. However, most of the studies conducted on fossilized wood rely on the idea that processes related to tree growth rates that operated in the past are identical to the processes that operate in the present, uniformitarianism. On this basis, forest productivity can be inferred from the analysis of

neg: Red used several different plants to make red dyes, including the flowers of the safflour ("Carthamus tinctorius"), the thorns and stems of a variety of sorghum plant called Kao-liang, and the wood of the sappanwood tree. For pigments, they used cinnabar, which produced the famous vermillion or "Chinese red" of Chinese lacquerware. Red played an important role in Chinese philosophy. It was believed that the world was composed of five elements: metal, wood, water, fire and earth, and that each had a color. Red was associated with fire. Each Emperor chose the color that his fortune-tellers believed would bring the most

neg: Myrsine lessertiana (a red dye), which was then used on "kapa". It should also be noted that leaves have been used for visions and revelation, and when smoked produce a high euphoric effect and visuals similar to those of LSD. Myrsine lessertiana Myrsine lessertiana, the kōlea lau nui, is a species of colicwood that is endemic to Hawaii. It inhabits dry, coastal mesic, mixed mesic, and wet forests at elevations of on all main islands. "M. lessertiana" is a small to medium-sized tree, reaching a height of and a trunk diameter of . Native Hawaiians used "kōlea lau nui" wood to make

neg: Spruce-pine-fir Spruce-pine-fir Spruce-pine-fir (SPF), which refers to the spruce, pine and fir tree species, refers to Canadian softwoods of similar characteristics that have been grouped due to their similar physical and mechanical properties. SPF is used to make dimensional lumber for home building and panel as well as in engineered wood products such as plywood, oriented strand board, laminated veneer lumber, glued laminated timber and cross laminated timber. SPF wood has moderate strength, is worked easily, takes paint readily, and holds nails well. They are white to pale yellow in color. There are two types of SPF woods: The lodgepole pine

neg: Dipterocarpus retusus order to make torches and candles, while the wood is used in construction to make columns and boards. Dipterocarpus retusus Dipterocarpus retusus is a large tree and perhaps the best known species in the genus "Dipterocarpus". It is known as "chhë tiël pré:ng" in Khmer, as 东京龙脑香 "dong jing long nao xiang" in Chinese. It is native to China, Vietnam, Philippines, Laos, Cambodia, Malaysia, Indonesia, Myanmar, and India. The tree, some 20-30m tall, is found in Cambodia in dense forests of the plains, common on hillsides and along rivers and in forests between 800m and 1500m altitude. It is famed

neg: Syzygium cumini epic, Mahabharatha is named Jambulaakhyan, that is related to this fruit. Besides the fruits, wood from Neredu tree (as it is called in the region's language, Telugu) is used in Andhra Pradesh to make bullock cart wheels and other agricultural equipment.The timber of Neredu is used to construct doors and windows. Hindus use a sizable branch of the tree to inaugurate beginning of marriage preparations and plant it in a place a pandal will be erected. Culturally, beautiful eyes are compared to this fruit. In the great epic of India Mahabharatha, Lord Krishnas' (Lord Vishnu) body color is compared to

neg: Phoebe nanmu nanmu" wood by Ming emperor Zhu Di. Because it is resistant to decay it was also used to make boats. Phoebe nanmu Phoebe nanmu is a species of evergreen tree in the Lauraceae family. It is endemic to southern China and Vietnam. "P. nanmu" is threatened by habitat loss due primarily to overcutting. "Phoebe nanmu" is a large, slow growing tree that develops with a long straight trunk ranging from 10 to 40 meters in height, and 50 to 100 cm in diameter. It was used extensively in construction and furniture making because it is highly resistant to decay, is

neg: Wood-burning stove since the energy used to evaporate the water from the wood is lost up the chimney. Freshly cut wood (known as green wood) has a high moisture content. Different wood species have different moisture contents, which also vary tree to tree. Burning fuel that is mostly water uses much of the combustion energy to evaporate the water. This results in low firebox temperatures and low flue temperatures. Firewood with a moisture content below 20 per cent by weight can burn efficiently. This is the "free" moisture content absorbed in the wood fibers, and does not include the chemically bound hydrogen

neg: Balanites aegyptiaca abortifacient and an antidote for arrow poison in West African traditional medicine. The seed contains 30-48% fixed (non-volatile) oil, like the leaves, fruit pulp, bark and roots, and contains the sapogenins diosgenin and yamogenin. Saponins likewise occur in the roots, bark wood and fruit. The tree is managed through agroforestry. It is planted along irrigation canals and is used to attract insects for trapping. The pale to brownish yellow wood is used to make furniture and durable items such as tools, and is a low-smoke firewood that makes good charcoal. The smaller trees and branches are used as living or

neg: Pterocelastrus echinatus wood and roots produce resin which was used by Bantu tribes for attaching spear heads to the shafts. The attractive wood is pink to red in colour, resembling European cherry wood ("Prunus avium"), and is dense and moderately durable. In the past, it was used in wagon-building for pivot-plates ("schamels") and spokes. It is suitable for turnery and cabinet-making. The tree is host to a number of moth species from the family Geometridae - "Aphilopota patulata", "A. subalbata", "Drepanogynis costipicta", and "D. olearis". Pterocelastrus echinatus Pterocelastrus echinatus ('pterocelastrus' = winged holly, 'echinatus' = spiny) is a small Southern African tree

neg: Radiocarbon dating its environment, so the age measured for a wood sample depends on where the sample is taken from. This means that radiocarbon dates on wood samples can be older than the date at which the tree was felled. In addition, if a piece of wood is used for multiple purposes, there may be a significant delay between the felling of the tree and the final use in the context in which it is found. This is often referred to as the "old wood" problem. One example is the Bronze Age trackway at Withy Bed Copse, in England; the trackway was

neg: Fraxinus quadrangulata tree's inner bark through immersion in water. European colonists and American pioneers used this dye to color yarn for use in the production of textiles, sewing, crocheting, knitting, weaving, and embroidery. Blue Ash wood is used to make flooring, baseball bats, furniture, tool handles, crates and barrels. The city of Blue Ash, Ohio, an inner suburb of Cincinnati, drew its name from the blue ash trees in the area, the logs of which were used to build many of the community's earliest buildings. North American native ash tree species are used by North American frogs as a critical food source,

neg: The Maple Leaf Forever anthem. Because of its strongly British perspective it became unpopular amongst French Canadians, and this prevented it from ever becoming an official state anthem, even though it was seriously considered for that role and was even used as a "de facto" state anthem in many instances. The tree which inspired Muir's song fell during a windstorm on the night of July 19–20, 2013. Wood from the tree was used to make objects that will preserve its importance to Canadian culture, including the gavel for the Supreme Court of Canada, the speaker's podium for Toronto City Council, and the Maple Leaf

neg: Sterculia africana and then rubbed over the body. It was also a treatment to treat head lice. It is an important fodder and the wood was used to make fishing platforms. The current population is stable however as it is an important fodder for cattle, if the livestock populations increase, the tree would come under increasing threat. Sterculia africana Sterculia africana is a deciduous tree, belonging to the genus "Sterculia" and the family Malvaceae (previously the Sterculiaceae, now relegated to a sub-family). The species is sometimes called the "mopopaja tree". It is distributed throughout Northeast Africa to Arabia. "Sterculia africana" is a

neg: Acacia sensu lato fragrant timber used for ornaments. "A. seyal" is thought to be the shittah-tree of the Bible, which supplied shittim-wood. According to the Book of Exodus, this was used in the construction of the Ark of the Covenant. "A. koa" from the Hawaiian Islands and "A. heterophylla" from Réunion are both excellent timber trees. Depending on abundance and regional culture, some "Acacia" species (e.g. "A. fumosa") are traditionally used locally as firewoods. It is also used to make homes for different animals. In Indonesia (mainly in Sumatra) and in Malaysia (mainly in Sabah), plantations of "A. mangium" are being established to

neg: Drawknife shavings, which are particularly durable, are used for basket weaving or for kindling. They also make excellent compost and plant bed material. Large drawknives can be used to dress logs, and small sizes for carving and shaving. A common use of a drawknife is to create a roughly cylindrical billet of wood for turning on a pole lathe. Fifty million tent pegs were manufactured in the United Kingdom throughout World War II via the drawknife method, with as few as 18 draws completing a piece from tree cut log to peg. A pushknife is a similar tool, used by pushing,