query: where does the arctic circle start in canada

pos: Arctic Circle Circle is divided among 8 countries: Norway, Sweden, Finland, Russia, the United States (Alaska), Canada (Yukon, Northwest Territories and Nunavut), Denmark (Greenland) and Iceland (where it passes through the small offshore island of Grímsey). The climate inside the Arctic Circle is generally cold, but the coastal areas of Norway have a generally mild climate as a result of the Gulf Stream, which makes the ports of northern Norway and northwest Russia ice-free all year long. In the interior, summers can be quite warm, while winters are extremely cold. For example, summer temperatures in Norilsk, Russia will sometimes reach as high

pos: North ("night"), since above the Tropic of Cancer, the Sun never shines from the north, except inside the Arctic Circle during the summer midnight sun. The direction north is often associated with colder climates because most of the world's land at high latitudes is located in the Northern Hemisphere. The Arctic Circle passes through the Arctic Ocean, Norway, Sweden, Finland, Russia, the United States (Alaska), Canada (Yukon, Northwest Territories and Nunavut), Denmark (Greenland) and Iceland (where it passes through the small offshore island of Grímsey). By convention, the top side of a map is often north. To go north using a

pos: Northern Canada Northern Canada Northern Canada, colloquially the North, is the vast northernmost region of Canada variously defined by geography and politics. Politically, the term refers to three territories of Canada: Yukon, Northwest Territories, and Nunavut. Similarly, "the Far North" (when contrasted to "the North") may refer to the Canadian Arctic: the portion of Canada north of the Arctic Circle and lies east of Alaska and west of Greenland. This area covers about 39 percent of Canada's total land area, but has less than 1 percent of Canada's population. These reckonings somewhat depend on the arbitrary concept of nordicity, a measure of

pos: George Kourounis a specially designed cold sauna. This was lower than the coldest temperature ever recorded anywhere on Earth. The Arctic episode involved a road trip to north of the Arctic Circle, through the Yukon Territory and along the Dempster Highway in mid-winter to Inuvik in the Northwest Territories where they then took to the ice roads and eventually made it to the northernmost point in Canada that can be driven to. The last section of the ice road was on the frozen Beaufort Sea. The journey ended in the small village of Tuktoyaktuk. George Kourounis George Kourounis (born 22 May 1970),

pos: George Meegan year, Meegan reached Washington, D.C., where "People magazine" greeted him. Friends and followers arranged several meetings with high government officials and dignitaries. The crossing continued, through the northern United States, Canada, into the Yukon, and on to the final step above the Arctic Circle. On the afternoon of 18 September 1983, he crossed a strip of tundra to the edge of the Arctic Ocean, and dipped his hand into the cold water. At the age of 31, Meegan had walked 19,019 unbroken miles from end to end of two continents. Walking from Patagonia to Alaska was later done by Karl

pos: Papilio canadensis has four yellow dots and two false eyes with bluish centers. In profile, this caterpillar appears snake like. The immature larvae are brown and white to mimic bird droppings, making them unappealing to predators. This butterfly is found in most provinces and territories in Canada, as its name implies. Its range extends north of the Arctic Circle in the Yukon, and to Churchill in Manitoba, Little Shagamu River in Ontario, and to Schefferville in Quebec. It does not occur in southern British Columbia, being replaced there by the western tiger swallowtail, "Papilio rutulus", or in southwestern Ontario, approximately west of

pos: Gwich’in language Gwich’in language The Gwich’in language ("Dinju Zhuh K’yuu") belongs to the Athabaskan language family and is spoken by the Gwich’in First Nation (Canada) / Alaska Native People (United States). It is also known in older or dialect-specific publications as Kutchin, Takudh, Tukudh, or Loucheux. Gwich'in is spoken primarily in the towns of Inuvik, Aklavik, Fort McPherson, Old Crow, and Tsiigehtchic (formerly Arctic Red River) in the Northwest Territories and Yukon of Canada. In Alaska of the United States, Gwich’in is spoken in Beaver, Circle, Fort Yukon, Chalkyitsik, Birch Creek, Arctic Village, Eagle, and Venetie. The ejective affricate in the name

pos: E. T. Barnette where the railroad would cross the Tanana River (near modern-day Tanacross, Alaska). Barnette imagined such a settlement could grow to become the "Chicago of Alaska". Barnette returned to Helena in 1898, where he married Isabelle Cleary. In 1901, Barnette partnered with Charles Smith, an acquaintance from Circle, arranging for $20,000 in supplies to be shipped from San Francisco, California, to St. Michael. Back in Circle, he purchased the 124-foot steamer "Arctic Boy", steaming down the Yukon to meet the cargo with the intention of carrying it back up the river to establish the trading post. At St. Michael, the "Arctic

pos: Noctuidae name "owlet" originally means a small or young owl. The names "armyworms" and "cutworms" are based on the behavior of the larvae of this group, which can occur in destructive swarms and cut the stems of plants. This family is cosmopolitan and can be found worldwide except in the Antarctic region. However, some species such as the Setaceous Hebrew character ("Xestia c-nigrum") can be found in the Arctic Circle, specifically in the Yukon territory of western Canada, with an elevation 1,702 m above sea level, where the temperature fluctuates between 23/-25 °C (73/-13 °F). Many species of dart moths have

pos: Climate of Alaska Arctic Circle. It is an Arctic climate (Köppen "ET") with long, very cold winters and short, cool summers. The sun does not rise at all during some weeks in the winter, and is out for 24 hours during some weeks in the summer. However, despite 24 hours of sunshine in the summertime, the average low temperature is barely above freezing in Utqiagvik in July, at and snow may fall any month of the year.North Alaska is the coldest region in Alaska. The highest and lowest recorded temperatures in Alaska are both in the Interior. The highest is in Fort Yukon

neg: Season and breaking up of the ice on rivers and lakes. Any point north of the Arctic Circle or south of the Antarctic Circle will have one period in the summer when the sun does not set, and one period in the winter when the sun does not rise. At progressively higher latitudes, the maximum periods of "midnight sun" and "polar night" are progressively longer. For example, at the military and weather station Alert located at 82°30′05″N and 62°20′20″W, on the northern tip of Ellesmere Island, Canada (about 450 nautical miles or 830 km from the North Pole), the sun begins

neg: North American Arctic North American Arctic The North American Arctic comprises the northern portions of Alaska (USA), Northern Canada and Greenland. Major bodies of water include the Arctic Ocean, Hudson Bay, the Gulf of Alaska and North Atlantic Ocean. The western limit is the Seward Peninsula and the Bering Strait. The southern limit is the Arctic Circle latitude of 66° 33’N, which is the approximate limit of the midnight sun and the polar night. The Arctic region is defined by environmental limits where the average temperature for the warmest month (July) is below . The northernmost tree line roughly follows the isotherm at

neg: Arctic policy of Canada Arctic policy can be found in the sections which follow. The term "Arctic" varies in its usage. It can be defined as north of the Arctic Circle (66° 33'N). Alternatively, it can be defined as the region where the average temperature for the warmest month (July) is below ; the northernmost tree line roughly follows the isotherm at the boundary of this region. Socially and politically, the Arctic region includes the northern territories of the eight Arctic states, although by natural science definitions much of this territory is considered subarctic. Canadian geographer Louis-Edmond Hamelin developed the nordicity index, having ten

neg: North American Arctic the boundary of this region. The area has tundra and polar vegetation. From west to east; North American Arctic The North American Arctic comprises the northern portions of Alaska (USA), Northern Canada and Greenland. Major bodies of water include the Arctic Ocean, Hudson Bay, the Gulf of Alaska and North Atlantic Ocean. The western limit is the Seward Peninsula and the Bering Strait. The southern limit is the Arctic Circle latitude of 66° 33’N, which is the approximate limit of the midnight sun and the polar night. The Arctic region is defined by environmental limits where the average temperature for

neg: Pytheas the place where the Arctic Circle is identical to the Tropic of Cancer. At that point, on the day of the Summer Solstice, the vertical rod of the gnōmōn casts a shadow extending in theory to the horizon over 360° as the sun does not set. Under the pole the Arctic Circle is identical to the Equator and the sun never sets but rises and falls on the horizon. The shadow of the gnōmōn winds perpetually around it. Strabo uses the astronomical cubit ("pēchus", the length of the forearm from the elbow to the tip of the little finger) as

neg: Climate of the Arctic so much colder than the Arctic. In summer, the presence of the nearby water keeps coastal areas from warming as much as they might otherwise. There are different definitions of the Arctic. The most widely used definition, the area north of the Arctic Circle, where the sun does not set on the June Solstice, is used in astronomical and some geographical contexts. However the two most widely used definitions in the context of climate are the area north of the northern tree line, and the area in which the average summer temperature is less than , which are nearly coincident

neg: Polar Research and Policy Initiative Senate of Canada and Government of Newfoundland and Labrador; the Prime Minister's Office (Finland) and Ministry for Foreign Affairs (Finland) in Helsinki; the Ministry of Foreign Affairs (Denmark) in Copenhagen; the Ministry of Foreign Affairs (Iceland) in Reykjavik; among others. With respect to conferences, PRPI has sent delegations to, or convened policy dialogues at, the Arctic Circle Assemblies organised by Arctic Circle (organization) in Reykjavik in October 2015, October 2016 and October 2017; the Arctic Circle Forums hosted by the same organisation in Edinburgh in November 2017 and Tórshavn in May 2018; the Arctic Encounter Symposia held in the margins

neg: Arctic Circle Restaurants Circle once offered franchises in California, but no longer does. Arctic Circle Restaurants Arctic Circle Restaurants is a chain of burger and shake restaurants based in Midvale, Utah, United States. There were 87 restaurants as of April 2016, about a third are company owned and two-thirds by franchisees, in Utah, Idaho, Montana, Nevada, Oregon, Washington, and Wyoming. About 50% of the restaurants are located in Utah. The restaurants purvey typical fast food fare such as burgers, sandwiches, shakes, salads, fries, and fish and chips. Famous for inventing regional condiment fry sauce, the company also claims to be the burger chain

neg: Arctic Circle (TV series) is direct by Finnish born Germany based Hannu Salonen. Set in icy Finnish Lapland, Finnish police officer Nina Kautsalo (Iina Kuustonen) finds nearly dead prostitute in a cabin in the wilderness. The case takes a surprise turn when a deadly virus is found in the prostitute's body. Nina and German virologist Thomas Lorenz (Maximilian Brückner) start investigate the case. Arctic Circle (TV series) Arctic Circle () is Finnish-German crime drama, which will premiere on Finnish streaming service Elisa Viihde in Christmas 2018 and later on Yle. The series stars Iina Kuustonen, Maximilian Brückner, Pihla Viitala, Clemens Schick and Susanna Haavisto.

neg: Polar Research and Policy Initiative Larsen and Nordic Council senior adviser Geir Oddsson, among others. In April 2017, PRPI Director Menezes visited Rovaniemi, Finland, where he highlighted the opportunities for trade and investment between the UK and the eight Arctic Council member states at Northern STARS, the annual international seminar of Lapin AMK - Lapland University of Applied Sciences. In October 2017, PRPI hosted a discussion on the same topic at the 2017 Arctic Circle Assembly in Reykjavik, Iceland. Likewise, early in July 2017, in order to mark the 150th anniversary of Canada, PRPI convened a special 'Canada 150' lecture and reception with Canadian historian

neg: Arctic Circle (organization) only eight countries with a speaking role: Canada, Denmark, Finland, Iceland, Norway, Russia, Sweden, and the United States. The establishment of the Arctic Circle has raised concerns that the organization may give countries such as China, India, and Singapore a greater voice in Arctic affairs. The Canadian newspaper The Globe and Mail called it "a move that seems certain to irk some northern nations" and added that it "will be seen as complicating, if not challenging, the primacy of the Arctic Council in the rapidly changing north." "The question," wrote environmental journalist Irene Quaile, "is which forum will turn out

neg: Tuktoyaktuk to the rest of the highway networks in Canada. Tuktoyaktuk Tuktoyaktuk , or "Tuktuyaaqtuuq" (Inuvialuktun: "it looks like a caribou"), is an Inuvialuit hamlet located in the Inuvik Region of the Northwest Territories, Canada, at the northern terminus of the Inuvik–Tuktoyaktuk Highway. Commonly referred to simply by its first syllable, "Tuk" , the settlement lies north of the Arctic Circle on the shores of the Arctic Ocean, and is the only community in Canada on the Arctic Ocean that is connected to the rest of Canada by road. Formerly known as "Port Brabant", the community was renamed in 1950 and

neg: Tuktoyaktuk Tuktoyaktuk Tuktoyaktuk , or "Tuktuyaaqtuuq" (Inuvialuktun: "it looks like a caribou"), is an Inuvialuit hamlet located in the Inuvik Region of the Northwest Territories, Canada, at the northern terminus of the Inuvik–Tuktoyaktuk Highway. Commonly referred to simply by its first syllable, "Tuk" , the settlement lies north of the Arctic Circle on the shores of the Arctic Ocean, and is the only community in Canada on the Arctic Ocean that is connected to the rest of Canada by road. Formerly known as "Port Brabant", the community was renamed in 1950 and was the first place in Canada to revert to

neg: Arjeplog long and snowy. Summers are short but can occasionally be warm and they also very bright due to Arjeplog's position close to the Arctic Circle. Daylight is sparse in winter, but during summer midnight sun is present for three weeks. For an even longer period than that it does not get dark in Arjeplog. The presence of the midnight sun is in spite of Arjeplog being below the Arctic Circle, and is caused by the very high sun. As it is below the line Arjeplog does not experience complete lack of daylight during the winter solstice, but it is limited

neg: Arctic Council Arctic Council The Arctic Council is a high-level intergovernmental forum that addresses issues faced by the Arctic governments and the indigenous people of the Arctic. Eight member countries constitute the council: Canada, Denmark, Finland, Iceland, Norway, Russia, Sweden, and the United States as these are the eight countries with sovereignty over the lands within the Arctic Circle. Outside these, there are some observer states. The first step towards the formation of the Council occurred in 1991 when the eight Arctic countries signed the Arctic Environmental Protection Strategy (AEPS). The 1996 Ottawa Declaration established the Arctic Council as a forum for

neg: Canadian Arctic Expedition 1913–1916 and Lougheed Islands), produced valuable data, and launched the careers of several explorers and scientists. The controversies it engendered persisted for decades. Canadian Arctic Expedition 1913–1916 The Canadian Arctic Expedition 1913–1916 was a scientific expedition in the Arctic Circle organized and led by Vilhjalmur Stefansson. The expedition was originally to be sponsored by the (US) National Geographic Society and the American Museum of Natural History. Canada took over the sponsorship because of the potential for discovery of new land and Stefansson, who though born in Canada was now an American, re-established his Canadian citizenship. The expedition was divided into a

neg: Canadian Arctic Expedition 1913–1916 Canadian Arctic Expedition 1913–1916 The Canadian Arctic Expedition 1913–1916 was a scientific expedition in the Arctic Circle organized and led by Vilhjalmur Stefansson. The expedition was originally to be sponsored by the (US) National Geographic Society and the American Museum of Natural History. Canada took over the sponsorship because of the potential for discovery of new land and Stefansson, who though born in Canada was now an American, re-established his Canadian citizenship. The expedition was divided into a Northern Party led by Stefansson, and a Southern Party led by R M. Anderson. The objective of the Northern Party was to

neg: Polar Research and Policy Initiative the Arctic Circle Assembly at Harpa (concert hall) in Reykjavik, Iceland, in October 2017; Lapland University of Applied Sciences in Rovaniemi, Finland, in November 2017; Trent University in Peterborough, Ontario, Canada, in December 2017; Australian Institute of International Affairs in Canberra, Australia, in January 2018; Palace of Westminster in London, United Kingdom, in February 2018; Fletcher School of Law and Diplomacy at Tufts University in Boston, United States, in March 2018; Arctic Encounter Symposium in Seattle, United States, in April 2018; University of Tromsø in Tromsø, Norway, in April 2018; Arctic Circle Forum in Tórshavn, Faroe Islands, in May 2018;

neg: Arctic policy of South Korea shipping routes via the polar region could shorten the trip to 10 days. However, these trade routes can only be used in the summer because almost the whole ocean freezes in winter. South Korea is located entirely outside of the Arctic Circle. South Korea spends more on Arctic research than the United States does. Arctic policy of South Korea Arctic policy of South Korea is South Korea's foreign relations with Arctic countries, and its attitudes and actions on issues occurring within the geographic boundaries of "the Arctic" or related to the Arctic or its peoples. South Korea has a permanent

neg: Canadian Arctic tundra ground and strong winds also prevent substantial tree growth. Lichen, uniquely adapted, and does not rely on roots and soil for growth is one of the most notable, widespread and enduring organisms of the tundra. A symbiotic life form with a photobiont (algae or cyanobacteria) living among the filaments of a fungus where it benefits from moisture, elementary nutrients and is protected from the environment. The photobiont's photosynthetic processes in turn generate organic carbon sugars that feed the fungus. Midsummer shade temperatures peak at on the continent beyond the Arctic Circle, and in winter the temperature drops below . In

neg: Ice Exercise 2009 or submerged. According to Byers, "Ottawa's failure to protest against the submarine transits could constitute evidence that - in the corridors of international diplomacy, where it really matters - Canada has already surrendered its claim." Ice Exercise 2009 Ice Exercise 2009 (ICEX) was a two-week US naval military exercise that took place in March 2009. Its aim was to test submarine operability and war-fighting capability in Arctic conditions. The polar region has become the subject of increased attention on the part of the Arctic Circle countries because of potential competition for its natural resources. Two US Atlantic Fleet attack submarines,

neg: Naval War: Arctic Circle therefore in October 2013 the backend source code was released to the game community to allow self-support. "Naval War: Arctic Circle" takes place in 2030, throughout the North Atlantic, Arctic Ocean and the Baltic Sea. The game revolves around an imagined conflict in the Arctic Circle, where melting ice caps have opened up the region to exploitation for its raw materials. There are two differing single-player campaigns, narrated and played from Russian and NATO perspectives, and a 4-part tutorial. Additionally, one-on-one multiplayer gaming is possible through Steam services. The game environment consists of a 35 mil km map, and features

neg: Arctic policy of Canada motives seem to have included this need to occupy the land. The waterways, including the Northwest Passage, within the Archipelago remain in dispute. Canada considers them internal waters while the United States considers them international waters. The eight northern countries listed above all have territory within the Arctic Circle. Several of these make conflicting claims of sovereignty. The United States and Canada do not agree on their boundaries in the Beaufort Sea. Canada and Denmark both claim the small Hans Island off of Greenland. Russia, Denmark and Canada all claim common sections of the Lomonosov Ridge. In 2007, the three

neg: Arctic Circle (18,148). Rovaniemi (61,329) in Finland is the largest settlement in the immediate vicinity of the Arctic Circle, lying south of the line. In contrast, the largest North American community north of the Arctic Circle, Sisimiut (Greenland), has approximately 5,000 inhabitants. Of the Canadian and American Arctic communities, Utqiagvik, Alaska is the largest settlement with about 4,000 inhabitants. The Arctic Circle is roughly . The area north of the Circle is about and covers roughly 4% of Earth's surface. The Arctic Circle passes through the Arctic Ocean, the Scandinavian Peninsula, North Asia, Northern America and Greenland. The land within the Arctic

neg: Arctic Circle (organization) to be the best placed to effectively protect the sensitive ecosystems and traditional lifestyles of indigenous groups in the Arctic at the time when international commercial interest is growing steadily." As the 1996 Ottawa Declaration, a founding document of the Arctic Council, explicitly stipulates that the Council "should not deal with matters related to military security," a 2014 RAND Corporation publication suggested that security dialogue "leverage existing international conferences, such as that run by the Arctic Circle Assembly, where participation can be ad hoc and security is already an item of discussion." The Arctic Circle's honorary board is chaired by

neg: Arctic ground squirrel the cheeks and sides of the animal. In fall, these red patches are replaced with silvery fur. The average length of an Arctic ground squirrel is approximately . Since Arctic ground squirrels undergo drastic seasonal changes in body mass, it is difficult to give an average mass, but for adult females it is close to , however, males generally are around heavier than females. The Arctic ground squirrel can be found in regions of Northern Canada ranging from the Arctic Circle to northern British Columbia, and down to the southern border of the Northwest Territories, as well as Alaska and

neg: First Nations First Nations In Canada, the First Nations () are the predominant indigenous peoples in Canada south of the Arctic Circle. Those in the Arctic area are distinct and known as Inuit. The Métis, another distinct ethnicity, developed after European contact and relations primarily between First Nations people and Europeans. There are 634 recognized First Nations governments or bands spread across Canada, roughly half of which are in the provinces of Ontario and British Columbia. Under the Employment Equity Act, First Nations are a "designated group", along with women, visible minorities, and people with physical or mental disabilities. First Nations are

neg: History of the petroleum industry in Canada (frontier exploration and development) for $1, took it apart, moved it to Edmonton, Alberta and reassembled it like a gigantic jigsaw puzzle to handle production from the fast-developing Leduc oil field near Devon. The Norman Wells story is not yet complete. The field entered its most important phase in the mid-1980s, when a pipeline connected the field to the Canada-wide crude oil pipeline system. Oil began flowing south in 1985. Norman Wells was a frontier discovery. It was not Arctic exploration, however, since it was located south of the Arctic Circle and also outside the narrowly defined Arctic environment (see map). The definitive push

neg: Arctic Circle Air Arctic Circle Air Arctic Circle Air was an American airline based in Fairbanks, Alaska, USA. It operated scheduled commuter services and charter flights to over 16 Alaskan communities. It was established and started operations in 1973. Its main base was Fairbanks International Airport. In October 2009 Arctic Circle Air was acquired by the parent company of Frontier Alaska. Arctic Circle Air was merged into the Era Alaska operation. Era Alaska is the renamed operation of Frontier Alaska now that it has been blended into the operating certificate of Era Aviation. In 2011 Arctic Circle Air's certificate was obtained by Marianas

neg: Arctic Circle Air Harvests in Guam to provide service throughout the island areas of Guam, with no association with Era Alaska or Frontier Alaska. Arctic Circle Air operates services to the following domestic scheduled destinations (Ended as of November 2009). Arctic Circle Air Arctic Circle Air was an American airline based in Fairbanks, Alaska, USA. It operated scheduled commuter services and charter flights to over 16 Alaskan communities. It was established and started operations in 1973. Its main base was Fairbanks International Airport. In October 2009 Arctic Circle Air was acquired by the parent company of Frontier Alaska. Arctic Circle Air was merged

neg: Harstad of on Hinnøya; it is the only city on the island, and is popularly known as "Vågsfjordens perle" (The pearl of Vågsfjorden). The highest mountain in Harstad is Sætertinden, which is above sea level. It is located near the village of Sandtorg in southern Harstad. The tall mountain, Nupen, is located in the northwestern part of the municipality on the border with Kvæfjord. Despite being located north of the Arctic Circle, Harstad features a subarctic climate ("Dfc"), with relatively mild winters and cool summers. Harstad does not have the brutal winters that most locations north of the Arctic Circle experience,

neg: Microthermal diagonally across Scandinavia. The boundary between the microthermal and polar climate zones is farthest north in western Europe (actually within the Arctic Circle there), and farthest south along the east coast of North America (at about 56° North latitude on the central coast of Labrador); it then trends northward across Canada before dropping south again as it courses through Alaska. Throughout most of Siberia, the boundary tends to follow the Arctic Circle fairly closely. In addition to having various summer temperature regimes, microthermal climates also differ from one another in how much precipitation they receive — such climates may be

neg: Golden eagle golden eagle occupies verdant mountains. The ecozones occupied by golden eagles are roughly concurrent with those of Eurasia. In western and northern Alaska and northern Canada to the Ungava Peninsula in Quebec, the eagles occupy the Arctic fringe of North America (the species does not range into the true high Arctic tundra), where open canopy gives way to dwarf-shrub heathland with cottongrass and tussock tundra. In land-locked areas of the sub-Arctic, golden eagles are by far the largest raptor. From the Alaska Range to Washington and Oregon, it is often found in high mountains above the tree line or on

neg: Ukkusiksalik National Park Ukkusiksalik National Park Ukkusiksalik National Park is a national park in Nunavut, Canada. It covers of tundra and coastal mudflats south of the Arctic Circle and the hamlet of Repulse Bay, from Hudson Bay's Roes Welcome Sound towards the western Barrenlands and the source of Brown River. The park surrounds Wager Bay, a -long inlet on the Hudson Bay. Although the smallest of Nunavut's four national parks, it is the sixth largest in Canada. Its name relates to steatite found there: "Ukkusiksalik" means ""where there is material for the stone pot"" (from "ukkusik", meaning "pot" or "saucepan" like qulliq). In

neg: Ukkusiksalik National Park lakes can be reached by walking from the Sila Lodge area: Ukkusiksalik National Park Ukkusiksalik National Park is a national park in Nunavut, Canada. It covers of tundra and coastal mudflats south of the Arctic Circle and the hamlet of Repulse Bay, from Hudson Bay's Roes Welcome Sound towards the western Barrenlands and the source of Brown River. The park surrounds Wager Bay, a -long inlet on the Hudson Bay. Although the smallest of Nunavut's four national parks, it is the sixth largest in Canada. Its name relates to steatite found there: "Ukkusiksalik" means ""where there is material for the

neg: Hood River (Nunavut) Hood River (Nunavut) The Hood River of Nunavut, Canada, is a long river draining into the Arctic Ocean from its headwaters in the interior of Canada's tundra at Takijuq Lake, close to the Northwest Territories border. The river ends at Arctic Sound near the community of Bathurst Inlet. The river is above the Arctic Circle and tree line. Lake trout are plentiful and can be almost a metre long. The upper lakes of the Hood can be frozen until July, and on the banks of the river, grizzlies, wolves, wolverines, and muskox are plentiful. In the short Arctic summer, canoeists

neg: Arctic Circle (organization) Arctic Circle (organization) The Arctic Circle is an organization founded by former President of Iceland Ólafur Ragnar Grímsson, former Alaska Dispatch Publisher Alice Rogoff, former Premier of Greenland Kuupik Kleist and other partners. The organization's mission is to facilitate dialogue among political and business leaders, environmental experts, scientists, indigenous representatives, and other international stakeholders to address issues facing the Arctic as a result of climate change and melting sea ice. The Arctic Circle styles itself as an international organization with a Secretariat based in Reykjavik, Iceland. At his introduction of the Arctic Circle organization on April 15, 2013, at the

neg: Cumberland Peninsula Baffin Island. The terrain is mountainous, and Mt. Odin, near the Arctic Circle, rises . The peninsula is home to Pangnirtung, which lies on the southwest coast, and the Auyuittuq National Park. Cumberland Peninsula Cumberland Peninsula is a peninsula in the southeastern part of Baffin Island in Nunavut, Canada. It is located between 64°56' and 67°57' north latitude, and 61°56' to 68° west longitude. The Arctic Circle crosses the peninsula, with the Labrador Sea to the southeast, and the Davis Strait to the east, which lies between the peninsula and Greenland. The Cumberland Sound lies to the southwest, separating the

neg: Arctic Norway Arctic Norway Arctic Norway () comprises the northernmost parts of Norway that lie above the Arctic circle. Norway, being one of the most stretched-out countries in the world, reaches from approximately 58°N to 81°N, so large parts lie north of the Arctic circle at 66°33′. Arctic Norway consists of four geographically separated parts: The Arctic circle crosses mainland Norway at Saltfjellet, which separates Helgeland from the northern part of Nordland county. Thus about half of the county lies north of the Arctic circle, along with the whole of Troms and Finnmark counties. The total area of mainland Norway above the

neg: Canadian Northern Economic Development Agency As permafrost continues to melt due to rising temperatures, oil will become a profitable resource found from the Arctic. There is a presumed 90 billion barrels of oil and 770 trillion cubic feet of gas in the Arctic Circle. It has been estimated that from prospecting, there is more oil in the Arctic on and offshore than in the Western provinces. In addition, two of the largest underdeveloped gas fields are in the Arctic region, which poses opportunities for further development in the Northern territories. Petroleum has been located in the Canada Basin, but the remoteness, deep water, and ice

neg: Iris setosa setosa" has been found to be the parent of "Iris versicolor" with "Iris virginica". It is written as 山鸢尾 in Chinese script and 'shan yuan wei' in China. In Japan it is known as "Hiougi-ayame". It has several common names, including 'Beachhead Iris' (because it is tolerant of salt air or maritime conditions, encountered in rocky ground above shorelines, especially known as this in Canada), 'Wild flag iris' 'Alaska iris' 'Arctic Iris' (or Dwarf Arctic Iris, because it grows into the Arctic Circle, and it formerly possessed the taxonomic name 'Iris arctica'), 'Arctic blue flag'. and 'Bristle-pointed iris' (in the

neg: Bluenose Lake Bluenose Lake Bluenose Lake is a lake in Kitikmeot Region, Nunavut, Canada. It is located north of the Arctic Circle within the large, shallow basin of the Melville Hills. It is approximately long, wide, and is situated at above sea level. The Croker River flows north from Bluenose Lake to the Arctic Ocean, entering at Dolphin and Union Strait. It was officially named in 1953 by John Kelsall and James Mitchell subsequent to their biological investigation of the previously unnamed lake. The area barren-ground caribou are divided, genetically, into two herds, Bluenose-east and Bluenose-west. Other mammals include Arctic fox, Arctic

neg: Arctic ecology the equator to the poles in terrestrial ecosystems, this is still a hypothesis to be tested in aquatic and especially marine ecosystems where causes of this phenomenon are unclear. In addition, particularly in marine ecosystems, there are several well stated cases where diversity in higher latitudes actually increases (Moustakas & Karakassis 2005). Therefore, the lack of information on biodiversity of Arctic Regions prevents scientific conclusions on the distribution of the world’s aquatic biodiversity. Arctic ecology Arctic ecology is the scientific study of the relationships between biotic and abiotic factors in the arctic, the region north of the Arctic Circle (66

neg: Great Bear Lake Lake region. The former mining area Port Radium, site of the Eldorado Mine, where pitchblende was discovered, was located on the eastern shore. Echo Bay Mines Limited leased the old camp and mill at Port Radium to recover silver and copper values from 1965 to 1981. Great Bear Lake The Great Bear Lake (; Slavey: "Sahtú"; ) is the largest lake entirely in Canada (Lake Superior and Lake Huron straddling the Canada–US border are larger), the fourth-largest in North America, and the eighth-largest in the world. The lake is in the Northwest Territories, on the Arctic Circle between 65 and

neg: Midnight Sun Solar Race Team a natural phenomenon occurring north of the Arctic Circle and south of the Antarctic Circle during the summer months where the sun remains visible 24 hours a day. This phenomenon would, in theory, keep solar vehicles powered all day; making solar cars the effective and clean choice. The team held the Guinness World Record for "Longest Journey by Solar Electric Vehicle."The trip took place from August 7 through September 14, 2004, the car traveled a total of 15,070 km (9,360 mi) through the United States and Canada.[http://www.guinnessworldrecords.com/records/travel_and_transport/epic_journeys/longest_journey_by_solar_electric_vehicle.aspx%20Longest%20Journey%20by%20a%20Solar%20Vehicle [2<nowiki>]</nowiki>] The journey started at the university's Davis Center and visited Vancouver, San

neg: Arctic Star also qualify. Eligibility is defined as follows: Eligibility for the Arctic Star does not affect an individual's eligibility for any other previously awarded campaign medals, nor does it automatically entitle individuals to any further awards. The set of nine campaign stars was designed by the Royal Mint engravers. The stars all have a ring suspender which passes through an eyelet formed above the uppermost point of the star. They are six–pointed stars, struck in yellow copper zinc alloy to fit into a 44 millimetres diameter circle, with a maximum width of 38 millimetres and 50 millimetres high from the bottom

neg: Arctic Circle as , while the winter temperatures frequently fall below . Starting at the prime meridian and heading eastwards, the Arctic Circle passes through: Arctic Circle The Arctic Circle is the most northerly of the five major circles of latitude as shown on maps of Earth. It marks the northernmost point at which the centre of the noon sun is just visible on the December solstice and the southernmost point at which the centre of the midnight sun is just visible on the June solstice. The region north of this circle is known as the Arctic, and the zone just to

neg: Arctic Circle (TV series) Arctic Circle (TV series) Arctic Circle () is Finnish-German crime drama, which will premiere on Finnish streaming service Elisa Viihde in Christmas 2018 and later on Yle. The series stars Iina Kuustonen, Maximilian Brückner, Pihla Viitala, Clemens Schick and Susanna Haavisto. "Arctic Circle" is the first co-production between Finland’s Yellow Film & TV and Germany’s Bavaria Film, picked up for world distribution by Paris-based Lagardère Studios. The series is created by Yellow Film & TV CEO Olli Haikka and Head of Drama Petja Peltomaa with Joona Tena who shares the writing credit with Iceland’s experienced Jón Atli Jónasson. "Arctic Circle"

neg: Ranunculus pedatifidus up to 10 yellow petals, though some lack petals. The achenes develop in a cylindrical head. The variety "affinis" is usually a more robust plant, and the leaf segments are usually not subdivided into smaller lobes. In North America, this species occurs in the Arctic, and farther to the south in alpine climates. It can be found throughout Canada north and south of the Arctic Circle, and down through the Pacific Northwest and Rocky Mountains in the United States. Its habitat includes Arctic and alpine tundra. Ranunculus pedatifidus Ranunculus pedatifidus is a species of buttercup known by the common names

neg: Hood River (Nunavut) searching for the Northwest Passage. The river gets its name from Midshipman Robert Hood, who was possibly murdered on the overland trek back to Fort Enterprise. Hood River (Nunavut) The Hood River of Nunavut, Canada, is a long river draining into the Arctic Ocean from its headwaters in the interior of Canada's tundra at Takijuq Lake, close to the Northwest Territories border. The river ends at Arctic Sound near the community of Bathurst Inlet. The river is above the Arctic Circle and tree line. Lake trout are plentiful and can be almost a metre long. The upper lakes of the

neg: Circumpolar studies Circumpolar studies Circumpolar studies (also "Northern studies") is an interdisciplinary field of study combining social science and geoscience and involving topics like land, environment, peoples, cultures, and politics in Arctic and Subarctic states, that is, the United States (Alaska), Canada, Denmark (Greenland), Iceland, Norway, Sweden, Finland, and Russia. Because of circumpolar regions' past as colonised territories inhabited by nomads, circumpolar studies focusses on indigenous peoples as well as early agricultural settlers. Circumpolar studies is the interdisciplinary study of regions located on and above the polar circle. As such, circumpolar studies embraces wider than Arctic studies, which deals with the Arctic

neg: Iqaluit Island. It is well to the east of Nunavut's mainland, and northeast of Hudson Bay. Iqaluit has a tundra climate (Köppen: ET) typical of the Arctic region, although it is well outside the Arctic Circle. The city features very long, cold winters and brief summers that are too cool to permit the growth of trees. Although it is north of the tree line, there are still shrubs, which are woody plants. These include the Arctic willow ("Salix arctica") which is hard to recognize as a tree because of its low height. The permafrost does not allow the taproot to get

neg: Arctic Circle northwards at a speed of about per year. The word "arctic" comes from the Greek word ἀρκτικός ("arktikos": "near the Bear, northern") and that from the word ἄρκτος ("arktos": "bear"). The Arctic Circle is the southernmost latitude in the Northern Hemisphere at which the centre of the sun can remain continuously above or below the horizon for twenty-four hours; as a result, at least once each year at any location within the Arctic Circle the sun is visible at local midnight, and at least once the centre is not visible at local noon. Directly on the Arctic Circle these events

neg: Pytheas of which were marked by stars. Their identity has not survived but based on calculations these are believed to have been α and κ in Draco and β in Ursa Minor. Pytheas sailed northward with the intent of locating the Arctic Circle and exploring the "frigid zone" to the north of it at the extreme of the earth. He did not know the latitude of the circle in degrees. All he had to go by was the definition of the frigid zone as the latitudes north of the line where the celestial arctic circle was equal to the celestial Tropic

neg: Thule circle of the summer tropic is the same as the Arctic Circle. But from the other writers I learn nothing on the subject – neither that there exists a certain island by the name of Thule, nor whether the northern regions are inhabitable up to the point where the summer tropic becomes the Arctic Circle." Strabo ultimately concludes, "Concerning Thule, our historical information is still more uncertain, on account of its outside position; for Thule, of all the countries that are named, is set farthest north." The inhabitants or people of Thule are described in most detail by Strabo (citing

neg: Arctic Inspiration Prize great accomplishment. It does not recognize individual achievements but encourages team efforts in transforming Arctic knowledge into tangible outcomes. The Arctic Inspiration Prize is managed on a voluntary basis by the ArcticNet Network of Centres of Excellence of Canada. The Arctic Inspiration Prize (AIP) was launched at the International Polar Year conference held in Montreal in April 2012. The Arctic Inspiration Prize Selection Committee is made up of individuals known for their commitment to the Canadian Arctic and its Peoples. Members of the Selection Committee include: Current Members Past Members Candidates must be nominated by third party Arctic Inspiration Prize

neg: Arctic Circle Arctic Circle The Arctic Circle is the most northerly of the five major circles of latitude as shown on maps of Earth. It marks the northernmost point at which the centre of the noon sun is just visible on the December solstice and the southernmost point at which the centre of the midnight sun is just visible on the June solstice. The region north of this circle is known as the Arctic, and the zone just to the south is called the Northern Temperate Zone. As seen from the Arctic, the Sun is above the horizon for 24 continuous hours

neg: Arctic Norway the coast of Greenland. It has an area of 373 km. The population is 18, which is the staff of the weather station. Arctic Norway Arctic Norway () comprises the northernmost parts of Norway that lie above the Arctic circle. Norway, being one of the most stretched-out countries in the world, reaches from approximately 58°N to 81°N, so large parts lie north of the Arctic circle at 66°33′. Arctic Norway consists of four geographically separated parts: The Arctic circle crosses mainland Norway at Saltfjellet, which separates Helgeland from the northern part of Nordland county. Thus about half of the county

neg: Pytheas constellation of "mikra arktos" (Ursa Minor, "little bear") was entirely contained within the circumpolar region. The latitude was therefore called the "arktikos kuklos", "circle of the bear". The terrestrial Arctic Circle was regarded as fixed at this latitude. The celestial Arctic Circle was regarded as identical to the circumference of the circumpolar stars and therefore a variable. When the observer is on the terrestrial Arctic Circle and the radius of the circumpolar stars is 66° the celestial Arctic Circle is identical to the celestial Tropic of Cancer. That is what Pytheas means when he says that Thule is located at

neg: March of the Dinosaurs and speculation about dinosaurs, such as North-American Tyrannosaurs having feathers, and hunting in packs, dinosaurs in the snow and migrating. It shows a 1000-mile autumn migration of "Edmontosaurus" and "Pachyrhinosaurus" from their summer grazing in northwest Canada (then well inside the Arctic Circle, so that the winter night and summer day were each 4 months long) to their winter grazing in the south-west USA, and the young "Troodon" which had to stay and endure the Arctic winter. The hazards met are land and water predators, an Arctic blizzard, thin ice, crossing a foodless volcanic wasteland, a lahar, and a wide

neg: Petroleum exploration in the Arctic Basin, and the East Greenland Rift Basins. More than 70% of the mean undiscovered oil resources is estimated to occur in five provinces: Arctic Alaska, Amerasia Basin, East Greenland Rift Basins, East Barents Basins, and West Greenland–East Canada. It is further estimated that approximately 84% of the undiscovered oil and gas occurs offshore. The USGS did not consider economic factors such as the effects of permanent sea ice or oceanic water depth in its assessment of undiscovered oil and gas resources. This assessment is lower than a 2000 survey, which had included lands south of the arctic circle. A recent

neg: Northern Canada territories instead of the Indian reserves of further south. Very few non-Aboriginal people have settled in these areas, and the residents of the far north represent less than 1% of Canada's total population. The far north is also often broken into west and eastern halves. The eastern Arctic which means the self-governing territory of Nunavut (much of which is in the true Arctic, being north of the Arctic Circle), as well as Nunavik, an autonomous part of the province of Quebec, and Nunatsiavut an autonomous part of the province of Newfoundland and Labrador, and perhaps a few parts of the

neg: USCGC Bramble (WLB-392) along the northern shore of Canada from the Pacific to the Atlantic Ocean. Preparations for the difficult voyage included fitting "Bramble" with a stainless steel propeller and strengthening her bow to withstand tremendous pressures created by the Arctic ice pack. "Bramble" departed for this historic adventure from Miami on 24 May 1957 en route Seattle, Washington via the Panama Canal. On 1 July 1957 the task force departed Seattle for the Atlantic via the Bering Straits and Arctic Ocean. The ships traveled through of semi-charted water in 64 days to recross the Arctic Circle into the Atlantic. The success of

neg: Northern Sea Route on the Canada side. While the Northeast Passage includes all the East Arctic seas and connects the Atlantic and Pacific oceans, the Northern Sea Route does not include the Barents Sea, and it therefore does not reach the Atlantic. Melting Arctic ice caps are likely to increase traffic in and the commercial viability of the Northern Sea Route. One study, for instance, projects, "remarkable shifts in trade flows between Asia and Europe, diversion of trade within Europe, heavy shipping traffic in the Arctic and a substantial drop in Suez traffic. Projected shifts in trade also imply substantial pressure on an

neg: Gowardia pseudocyphellae. "Bryocaulon divergens" is red-brown in colour instead of greyish. "Alectoria ochroleuca" also looks similar, but contains usnic acid and always has some yellow parts to its thallus, while "Gowardia" does not. "Gowardia" is found in arctic and alpine tundra in northern Canada, Europe, and Russia. "G. arctica" grows on dry to moist tundra soil in northern regions of Canada and Russia, along the Arctic Ocean coast and islands. "G. nigricans" has a wider distribution, and is found in arctic and alpine tundra habitat in northern and northwestern North America, as well as in northern Europe and Asia. Although "G.

neg: Grímsey entirety of mainland Iceland lies south of the Arctic Circle. Due to long-term oscillations in the Earth's axis, the Arctic Circle currently shifts northward by about 14.5 metres per year, though varying substantially from year to year due to the complexity of the movement. The true position of the Arctic Circle in the early 21st century is already close to the northern tip of the island, and by about the middle of the 21st century, it will no longer cross Grimsey at all. Originally a fixed monument to the Arctic Circle was placed at a conventional location. In 2017 a

neg: Arctic policy of Russia Arctic policy of Russia The Arctic policy of Russia is the domestic and foreign policy of the Russian Federation with respect to the Russian region of the Arctic. The Russian region of the Arctic is defined in the "Russian Arctic Policy" as all Russian possessions located north of the Arctic Circle. (About one-fifth of Russia's landmass is north of the Arctic Circle.) Russia is one of five countries bordering the Arctic Ocean. In 2011, out of 4 million inhabitants of the Arctic, roughly 2 million lived in arctic Russia, making it the largest arctic country by population. However, in recent

neg: Qausuittuq National Park Qausuittuq National Park Qausuittuq National Park (pronounced Qow-soo-ee-tooq, from Inuktitut meaning "place where the sun does not rise") is a national park located on northwest Bathurst Island in Nunavut. It was established on September 1, 2015, becoming Canada's 45th national park. This area was chosen to represent the Western High Arctic natural region, one of 39 such regions identified by Parks Canada. This region encompasses most of the high Arctic Archipelago (the Queen Elizabeth Islands and the Grinnell Peninsula on Devon Island, but not Ellesmere Island or Axel Heiberg Island). The park also protects important Peary caribou habitat. It is

neg: Qausuittuq National Park include ringed seals, bearded seals, polar bears, walruses, bowhead whales, beluga whales and narwhals. Qausuittuq National Park Qausuittuq National Park (pronounced Qow-soo-ee-tooq, from Inuktitut meaning "place where the sun does not rise") is a national park located on northwest Bathurst Island in Nunavut. It was established on September 1, 2015, becoming Canada's 45th national park. This area was chosen to represent the Western High Arctic natural region, one of 39 such regions identified by Parks Canada. This region encompasses most of the high Arctic Archipelago (the Queen Elizabeth Islands and the Grinnell Peninsula on Devon Island, but not Ellesmere Island

neg: Lovers of the Arctic Circle Lovers of the Arctic Circle Lovers of the Arctic Circle (), also known as The Lovers from the North Pole, is a 1998 Spanish drama film written and directed by Julio Médem and starring Najwa Nimri and Fele Martínez. It won two Goya Awards in 1999. The film tells the story of Otto and Ana, from their chance meeting outside school at the age of 8, until they meet again in their 20s in Lapland within the Arctic Circle, under the midnight sun. The themes developed in the film form an important part of Julio Medem's universe, and can be

neg: Arctic Circle (organization) NGOs” who have worked with the United Nations in the climate change endeavors, he urged Arctic Circle Assembly participants to ensure that indigenous peoples, their rights and their sociocultural contributions, remain central as we address these shared challenges. As part of its mission, the Arctic Circle aims to convene "as many international partners as possible to interact under one large 'open tent,'" as well as to "support, complement and extend the reach of the work of the Arctic Council by facilitating a broad exchange of ideas and information." In contrast, the Arctic Council, an intergovernmental body established in 1996, includes

neg: Naval War: Arctic Circle Naval War: Arctic Circle Naval War: Arctic Circle is a real time naval strategy game developed by Norwegian development company Turbo Tape Games and published by Swedish video game publisher Paradox Interactive. It was released on April 10, 2012. "Naval War: Arctic Circle" was announced at the 2011 Paradox Interactive Convention held in New York. The game is supported by the Norwegian Film Institute, Innovation Norway and the Norwegian Research Council, and is developed in close consultation with the Royal Norwegian Navy. As of January 23, 2013, support for the game has been abandoned by Paradox and Turbo Tape Games,

neg: Naval War: Arctic Circle strategy games such as "Harpoon", "Red Storm Rising", "Dangerous Waters" and "Fleet Command". The graphics have been commented on as generally lower quality than expected. The lack of a save game feature and the frequent crashing of the game (still not patched) have also been criticised. Naval War: Arctic Circle Naval War: Arctic Circle is a real time naval strategy game developed by Norwegian development company Turbo Tape Games and published by Swedish video game publisher Paradox Interactive. It was released on April 10, 2012. "Naval War: Arctic Circle" was announced at the 2011 Paradox Interactive Convention held in New

neg: Montreal-North Arctic Montreal-North Arctic Montreal-North Arctic are a Junior "A" ice hockey team from Saint-Leonard, Quebec, Canada. They are a part of the Quebec Junior Hockey League. The franchise entered the QJAAAHL in 2002 as the Gladiateur de St. Eustache In the Summer of 2008, the team moved to become the Sainte-Thérèse Nordiques. In the Summer of 2009, the team was moved again to Laval, Quebec. The official name was Rousseau-Sports Junior AAA Laval. In 2010, the name was changed again to the Laval Arctic. One season later they became the St-Leonard Arctic. After the start of the 2017 season the club

neg: Pytheas has to rotate Scotland by 90°. The 5000 stadia must be discounted: it crosses the Borysthenes upriver near Kiev rather than at the mouth. It does place Pytheas on the Arctic Circle, which in Norway is south of the Lofoten islands. It seems that Eratosthenes altered the base line to pass through the northern extreme of Celtica. Pytheas, as related by Hipparchus, probably cited the place in Celtica where he first made land. If he used the same practice in Norway, Thule is at least somewhere on the entire northwest coast of Norway from Møre og Romsdal to the Lofoten

neg: Midnight sun of the Arctic Circle, and at the country's northernmost point the sun does not set at all for 60 days during summer. In Svalbard, Norway, the northernmost inhabited region of Europe, there is no sunset from approximately 19 April to 23 August. The extreme sites are the poles, where the sun can be continuously visible for half the year. The North Pole has midnight sun for 6 months from late March to late September. The opposite phenomenon, polar night, occurs in winter, when the sun stays below the horizon throughout the day. Since the axial tilt of the Earth is

neg: Wyvern (film) alternative title "Dragon". In Japan, it is titled "Jurassic Predator". The small Alaskan town of Beaver Mills is located just north of the Arctic Circle, meaning that the sun does not set during the summer solstice. As the town prepares for its annual celebration of this event, a wyvern is awakened by the melting of the ice caps, and attacks a fisherman. Jake (Nick Chinlund), a handyman fixing the cafe where a waitress named Claire (Erin Karpluk) works, hurts his hand and David (David Lewis), the town's doctor, examines it. While driving back to town, David is attacked by the

neg: 100th meridian west "At the Hundredth Meridian" by The Tragically Hip is about the 100th meridian west, specifically in Canada, and how it has traditionally been considered "where the great plains begin." 100th meridian west The meridian 100° west of Greenwich is a line of longitude that extends from the North Pole across the Arctic Ocean, North America, the Pacific Ocean, the Southern Ocean, and Antarctica to the South Pole. The 100th meridian west forms a great circle with the 80th meridian east. Starting at the North Pole and heading south to the South Pole, the 100th meridian west passes through: In the

neg: Dubawnt Lake Dubawnt Lake Dubawnt Lake is a lake in Kivalliq Region, Nunavut, Canada. It is in size and has several islands. It is about 200 miles north of the point where Manitoba, Saskatchewan and Nunavut come together, about 300 miles west of Hudson Bay and about 250 miles south of the Arctic Circle. To the northwest is the Thelon Wildlife Sanctuary. Its main inlet and outlet is the north-flowing Dubawnt River which joins the Thelon River at Beverly Lake (Nunavut). The Thelon flows east to Hudson Bay at Chesterfield Inlet. It is on the line of contact between the Sayisi Dene

neg: Mongol Rally routes that teams may take. After setting off from Goodwood or one of the other Western European start points (including France, Italy, and Spain), participants then generally proceed to a launch party in Prague where they converge. Typical routes then head for Moscow, Kiev or Istanbul, though teams have travelled as far north as the Arctic Circle and as far south as Iran, Turkmenistan and Afghanistan. Teams taking the Ukraine/Russia route or the more southerly Turkey and Iran route often converge at Samarkand, Uzbekistan before proceeding north-east for Mongolia. The final leg of the rally takes surviving vehicles into Mongolia

neg: Henry C. Mustin (1933–2016) Henry C. Mustin (1933–2016) Henry "Hank" Croskey Mustin (August 31, 1933 – April 11, 2016) was a vice admiral in the United States Navy and among the namesakes of USS "Mustin" (DDG-89). He distinguished himself during both the Vietnam and Cold Wars. As a flag officer he commanded Cruiser Destroyer Group 2, US Second Fleet, NATO Striking Fleet Atlantic, and Joint Task Force 120, where he was responsible for 225 ships and 2,100 aircraft spanning over 45 million square miles from the Arctic Circle to the Equator. Vice Admiral Mustin directed US Navy arms control planning, including the START negotiations

neg: Solidago multiradiata Solidago multiradiata Solidago multiradiata is a species of goldenrod known by the common names Rocky Mountain goldenrod, northern goldenrod, and alpine goldenrod. It is native to North America, where it can be found throughout the northern regions, including Alaska and most of Canada (all 3 territories plus all provinces except Prince Edward Island, including territory north of the Arctic Circle. Its distribution extends through the western United States as far south as Arizona, New Mexico, and California. It is known mostly from the subalpine and alpine climates of high mountain ranges. Its habitat includes tundra and mountain meadows. This is

neg: Arctic ground squirrel Siberia. The Arctic ground squirrel is native to the North American Arctic tundra, where its main habitats are on mountain slopes, river flats, banks, lakeshores and tundra ridges of the arctic tundra. Ground squirrels live in sandy soil due to easy digging and good drainage. Arctic ground squirrels make shallow burrows in areas where the permafrost does not prevent them from digging. The Arctic ground squirrel inhabits dry Arctic tundra and open meadows in the most southern habitats of this species. The diurnal Arctic ground squirrel lives on the tundra and is prey to the Arctic fox, the red fox,

neg: Antti Autti sequence in competition, behind Michael McBee and Ross Powers. His clutch and technical performance sparked the "1080 Revolution" and set a new standard in men's halfpipe competition, where men must throw at least one 1080, if not two back-to-back, in order to do well in contests. Just two weeks earlier, he was crowned double World Champion in Big Air and the halfpipe at the 2005 Snowboarding World Championships in Whistler, British Columbia, Canada. Born to Yrjö and Katariina Autti, Autti hails from Rovaniemi, a 55,000 population city that sits on the Arctic Circle and is considered the gateway to the

neg: Transformers: Movie Prequel flies into space to find it, but not before punishing Bumblebee by crushing his voice processor. After finding a way to tell Prime and the other Autobots of Megatron's plan, Bumblebee is among the first to volunteer to find it before he does. Megatron, keeping a close psychic bond with the Allspark, soon locates it on Earth. Heating up during entry into the atmosphere, he crashes and sinks under the Arctic ice sheets. The sudden temperature drop and loss of energon forces him into stasis lock. In 1897, the National Arctic Circle Expedition headed by Captain Archibald Witwicky discovers Megatron

neg: Bowdoin (Arctic schooner) voyage in 1991 she has generally remained in the area of the maritime provinces of Canada with visits to St. Pierre and Miquelon as well as Newfoundland and Labrador. The exception was in 1994, when she sailed 250 miles North of the Arctic Circle to Umanaq, Greenland. Between June and August 2014, "Bowdoin" was fitted with a new laminated mast after the previous mast was found to be "compromised". On August 15, 2014, "Bowdoin" set sail for Nova Scotia, with Eric Jergenson in command. For her service in the Second World War, "Bowdoin" is entitled to the following awards: Bowdoin

neg: Inuksuk Inuksuk An inuksuk (plural inuksuit) (from the , plural ; alternatively ' in Inuinnaqtun, ' in Iñupiaq, in Greenlandic, and sometimes inukshuk in English) is a manmade stone landmark or cairn used by the Inuit, Iñupiat, Kalaallit, Yupik, and other peoples of the Arctic region of North America. These structures are found in northern Canada, Greenland, and Alaska (United States). This combined region, above the Arctic Circle, is dominated by the tundra biome and has areas with few natural landmarks. The inuksuk may have been used for navigation, as a point of reference, a marker for travel routes, fishing places,

neg: Baffin Bay Canadian mine in the Arctic. The mine was closed in 2002 due to declining resources and metal prices. Whereas the town still has a functional seaport and an airport, as of the 2006 census, it has an official population of zero. Baffin Bay was the epicenter of a 7.3 magnitude earthquake in 1933. This is the largest known earthquake north of the Arctic Circle. It caused no damage because of its offshore location and the small number of the nearby onshore communities. The northwestern part of the bay remains one of the most seismically active regions in eastern Canada. Five

neg: Lincoln Sea Lincoln Sea Lincoln Sea (; ) is a body of water in the Arctic Ocean, stretching from Cape Columbia, Canada, in the west to Cape Morris Jesup, Greenland, in the east. The northern limit is defined as the great circle line between those two headlands. It is covered with sea ice throughout the year, the thickest sea ice in the Arctic Ocean, which can be up to thick. Water depths range from to . Water and ice from Lincoln Sea empty into Robeson Channel, the northernmost part of Nares Strait, most of the time. The sea was named after Robert

neg: Lincoln Sea South." Cape Columbia through Northeastern shore of Ellesmere Island to Cape Sheridan to Cape Bryant (Greenland) through Greenland to Cape Morris Jesup. Lincoln Sea Lincoln Sea (; ) is a body of water in the Arctic Ocean, stretching from Cape Columbia, Canada, in the west to Cape Morris Jesup, Greenland, in the east. The northern limit is defined as the great circle line between those two headlands. It is covered with sea ice throughout the year, the thickest sea ice in the Arctic Ocean, which can be up to thick. Water depths range from to . Water and ice from