query: in mvc pattern design the m component is related to

pos: Model–view–controller Alto Research Center (PARC) in the 1970s. In the 1980s, Jim Althoff and others implemented a version of MVC for the Smalltalk-80 class library. Only later did a 1988 article in "The Journal of Object Technology" (JOT) express MVC as a general concept. The MVC pattern has subsequently evolved, giving rise to variants such as hierarchical model–view–controller (HMVC), model–view–adapter (MVA), model–view–presenter (MVP), model–view–viewmodel (MVVM), and others that adapted MVC to different contexts. The use of the MVC pattern in web applications exploded in popularity after the introduction of NeXT's WebObjects in 1996, which was originally written in Objective-C (that borrowed

pos: Wt (web toolkit) Wt (web toolkit) Wt (pronounced ""witty"") is an open-source widget-centric web framework for the C++ programming language. It has an API resembling that of Qt framework (although it was developed with Boost, and is incompatible when mixed with Qt), also using a widget-tree and an event-driven signal/slot system. The Wt's design goal is to benefit from the stateful component model used in desktop-applications APIs, applied to web development—instead of the traditional MVC (model–view–controller) design pattern. So rather than using MVC at the level of a web page, it is pushed to the level of individual components. While the library uses

pos: ASP.NET MVC ASP.NET MVC The ASP.NET MVC is a web application framework developed by Microsoft, which implements the model–view–controller (MVC) pattern. It is open-source software, apart from the ASP.NET Web Forms component which is proprietary. In the later versions of ASP.NET, ASP.NET MVC, ASP.NET Web API, and ASP.NET Web Pages (a platform using only Razor pages) will merge into a unified MVC 6. Based on ASP.NET, ASP.NET MVC allows software developers to build a web application as a composition of three roles: "Model", "View" and "Controller". The MVC model defines web applications with 3 logic layers: A "model" represents the state of

pos: ASP.NET MVC default ASP.NET Web Forms postback model, any interactions are routed to the controllers using the ASP.NET Routing mechanism. Views can be mapped to different URLs. Other view engines: ASP.NET MVC The ASP.NET MVC is a web application framework developed by Microsoft, which implements the model–view–controller (MVC) pattern. It is open-source software, apart from the ASP.NET Web Forms component which is proprietary. In the later versions of ASP.NET, ASP.NET MVC, ASP.NET Web API, and ASP.NET Web Pages (a platform using only Razor pages) will merge into a unified MVC 6. Based on ASP.NET, ASP.NET MVC allows software developers to build a

pos: Front controller that determine the following activities by searching the database or XML documents, performance might be decreased. And implementation of front controller to existed systems always involving replacing the current ones, which makes it harder for beginners to start with. Page controller is an alternative to front controller in MVC model. Front controller The front controller software design pattern is listed in several pattern catalogs and related to the design of web applications. It is "a controller that handles all requests for a website", which is a useful structure for web application developers to achieve the flexibility and reuse without code

pos: Presentation–abstraction–control Laboratorire de Génie Informatique of IMAG. Presentation–abstraction–control Presentation–abstraction–control (PAC) is a software architectural pattern. It is an interaction-oriented software architecture, and is somewhat similar to model–view–controller (MVC) in that it separates an interactive system into three types of components responsible for specific aspects of the application's functionality. The abstraction component retrieves and processes the data, the presentation component formats the visual and audio presentation of data, and the control component handles things such as the flow of control and communication between the other two components. In contrast to MVC, PAC is used as a hierarchical structure of agents, each consisting

pos: Presentation–abstraction–control Presentation–abstraction–control Presentation–abstraction–control (PAC) is a software architectural pattern. It is an interaction-oriented software architecture, and is somewhat similar to model–view–controller (MVC) in that it separates an interactive system into three types of components responsible for specific aspects of the application's functionality. The abstraction component retrieves and processes the data, the presentation component formats the visual and audio presentation of data, and the control component handles things such as the flow of control and communication between the other two components. In contrast to MVC, PAC is used as a hierarchical structure of agents, each consisting of a triad of presentation, abstraction

pos: JSP model 2 architecture JSP model 2 architecture JSP Model 2 is a complex design pattern used in the design of Java Web applications which separates the display of content from the logic used to obtain and manipulate the content. Since Model 2 drives a separation between logic and display, it is usually associated with the model–view–controller (MVC) paradigm. While the exact form of the MVC "Model" was never specified by the Model 2 design, a number of publications recommend a formalized layer to contain MVC Model code. The Java BluePrints, for example, originally recommended using EJBs to encapsulate the MVC Model. In a

pos: Autonomic computing systems: The design complexity of Autonomic Systems can be simplified by utilizing design patterns such as the model-view-controller (MVC) pattern to improve concern separation by encapsulating functional concerns. A basic concept that will be applied in Autonomic Systems are closed control loops. This well-known concept stems from Process Control Theory. Essentially, a closed control loop in a self-managing system monitors some resource (software or hardware component) and autonomously tries to keep its parameters within a desired range. According to IBM, hundreds or even thousands of these control loops are expected to work in a large-scale self-managing computer system. A fundamental

pos: Smalltalk in many ways defined the modern world of computing. In addition to Smalltalk, working prototypes of things such as hypertext, GUIs, multimedia, the mouse, telepresence, and the Internet were developed by ARPA researchers in the 1960s. Alan Kay (one of the inventors of Smalltalk) also described a tablet computer he called the Dynabook which resembles modern tablet computers like the iPad. Smalltalk environments were often the first to develop what are now common object-oriented software design patterns. One of the most popular is the model–view–controller (MVC) pattern for user interface design. The MVC pattern enables developers to have multiple consistent

pos: User interface management systems directly applicable theory of user interface management is the Model-view-controller design pattern, which is described in detail in its own article. A recent variant of MVC is the Model-view-presenter model which is similar to MVC, but has some interesting insights into the problem. A functional based system approaches all user interface actions as interfaces for functions. Dialogs exist solely to collect parameters for functions that are called when the dialog is closing. Menu Trees are one family of model implementations that follow this pattern. Grammar based UIMS provide a specialized language for describing the user interface. Usually, this is a

pos: JSP model 2 architecture the term "MVC2" has led to additional confusion over Model 1 code, resulting in common usage of the nonexistent term "MVC1". JSP model 2 architecture JSP Model 2 is a complex design pattern used in the design of Java Web applications which separates the display of content from the logic used to obtain and manipulate the content. Since Model 2 drives a separation between logic and display, it is usually associated with the model–view–controller (MVC) paradigm. While the exact form of the MVC "Model" was never specified by the Model 2 design, a number of publications recommend a formalized layer

pos: Model–view–controller Model–view–controller Model–view–controller is an architectural pattern commonly used for developing user interfaces that divides an application into three interconnected parts. This is done to separate internal representations of information from the ways information is presented to and accepted from the user. The MVC design pattern decouples these major components allowing for efficient code reuse and parallel development. Traditionally used for desktop graphical user interfaces (GUIs), this architecture has become popular for designing web applications and even mobile, desktop and other clients. Popular programming languages like Java, C#, Ruby, PHP have MVC frameworks that are used in web application development straight

pos: Java BluePrints Java EE design patterns which are hosted on the Java BluePrints site have become the standard lingua for Java EE application development. Java BluePrints was the first source to promote Model View Controller (MVC) and Data Access Object (DAO) for Java EE application development. Before this, the MVC design pattern was widely promoted as part of Smalltalk. The latest Java BluePrints offering is the Java BluePrints Solutions Catalog. It covers topics as diverse as Java Server Faces, Web Services, and Asynchronous Javascript and XML (Ajax). Articles are smaller and more focused and include sample code that shows how a solution

pos: Observer pattern Observer pattern The observer pattern is a software design pattern in which an object, called the subject, maintains a list of its dependents, called observers, and notifies them automatically of any state changes, usually by calling one of their methods. It is mainly used to implement distributed event handling systems, in "event driven" software. Most modern languages such as C# have built in "event" constructs which implement the observer pattern components. The observer pattern is also a key part in the familiar model–view–controller (MVC) architectural pattern. The observer pattern is implemented in numerous programming libraries and systems, including almost all

pos: Multimodal Architecture and Interfaces the Data Component – DC and the Modality Components – MC. This distinction is similar to the separation between the "Controller", the "Model" and the presentation documents of the "View" in the MVC pattern. Another characteristic is recursion. The modules are black boxes and it is possible to encapsulate several components in a more complex component, which communicate with an Interaction Manager at a higher level. In this way, the architecture follows the nested dolls principle . The specification also covers the issues of a distributed implementation on multiple material resources in a network or a centralized implementation, with all

pos: Naked Objects for .NET Naked Objects for .NET Naked Objects for .NET or Naked Objects MVC is a software framework that builds upon the ASP.NET MVC framework. As the name suggests, the framework synthesizes two architectural patterns: naked objects and model–view–controller (MVC). These two patterns have been considered as antithetical. However, Trygve Reenskaug (the inventor of the MVC pattern) has made it clear that he does not see it that way, in his foreword to Richard Pawson's PhD thesis on the Naked Objects pattern. The Naked Objects MVC framework will take a domain model (written as Plain Old CLR Objects) and render it as

pos: Swing (Java) lists, may require the custom model implementations around the application-specific data structures. To get a good sense of the potential that the Swing architecture makes possible, consider the hypothetical situation where custom models for tables and lists are wrappers over DAO and/or EJB services. Typically, Swing component model objects are responsible for providing a concise interface defining events fired, and accessible properties for the (conceptual) data model for use by the associated JComponent. Given that the overall MVC pattern is a loosely coupled collaborative object relationship pattern, the model provides the programmatic means for attaching event listeners to the data

pos: Data, context and interaction Data, context and interaction Data, context, and interaction (DCI) is a paradigm used in computer software to program systems of communicating objects. Its goals are: The paradigm separates the domain model (data) from use cases (context) and Roles that objects play (interaction). DCI is complementary to model–view–controller (MVC). MVC as a pattern language is still used to separate the data and its processing from presentation. The data are "what the system "is"." The "data" part of the DCI architecture is its (relatively) static data model with relations. The data design is usually coded up as conventional classes that represent the

pos: GRASP (object-oriented design) "service" in domain-driven design. The indirection pattern supports low coupling and reuse potential between two elements by assigning the responsibility of mediation between them to an intermediate object. An example of this is the introduction of a controller component for mediation between data(model) and its representation(view) in the model-view control pattern.This ensures that coupling between them remains low. GRASP (object-oriented design) General Responsibility Assignment Software Patterns (or Principles), abbreviated GRASP, consist of guidelines for assigning responsibility to classes and objects in object-oriented design. It is not related to the SOLID design principle. The different patterns and principles used in GRASP

pos: Accelerator (software) (and mobile) design (ASP.NET MVC / Bootstrap) clients. The Accelerator uses customizable templates, standards and naming conventions to generate code. The generated code is human readable, and standardized to minimize testing, debugging, customization, and future maintenance efforts. The generated code follows object-oriented programming design principles, the inversion of control (IoC) pattern, observer pattern, model–view–viewmodel (MVVM, with OO techniques to avoid redundancy, promote ease of testing and maintenance). Supports ASP.NET MVC3 Framework. Other patterns followed by the architecture, or are adapted depending on the case; flexibility promoted by the typical use of abstraction patterns when practical. Abstraction is promoted though the

pos: PureMVC PureMVC PureMVC is a framework for creating applications based upon the well-established model–view–controller (MVC) design pattern. The free, open source framework was originally implemented in the ActionScript 3 language for use with Adobe Flex, Flash and AIR, and it has since been ported to nearly all the major web development platforms. The Model, View and Controller application tiers are represented by three Singletons (a class of which only one instance may be created). The MVC Singletons maintain named caches of Proxies, Mediators and Commands, respectively. The Facade, also a Singleton, provides a single interface for communications throughout the application. These

pos: JWt (Java web toolkit) JWt (Java web toolkit) JWt (pronounced "jay-witty") is an open-source widget-centric web application framework for the Java programming language developed by Emweb. It has an API that uses established GUI application development patterns. The programming model is component-based and event-driven, similar to Swing. The goal of the library is to benefit from the stateful component model used in desktop applications APIs, applied to web development, instead of the traditional model–view–controller (MVC) model. Rather than using MVC at the level of a page, MVC is pushed to the level of individual components. While the library uses a desktop application development model,

pos: Web Dynpro limited commercial success, and as of 2010, has been placed in maintenance. This means that the existing product is supported to the extent that any bugs are fixed; however, no new functionality will be added. SAP's development effort is now focused on the ABAP variant of Web Dynpro. WD follows a design architecture based on an interpretation of the MVC design pattern and uses a model driven development approach ("minimize coding, maximize design"). The Web Dynpro Framework is a server-side runtime environment into which many dedicated "hook methods" are available. The developer then places their own custom coding within these

pos: Web framework Java EE, WebObjects, web2py, OpenACS, Catalyst, Mojolicious, Ruby on Rails, Laravel, Grails, Django, Zend Framework, Sails.js, Yii, CakePHP, and Symfony. Most web frameworks are based on the model–view–controller (MVC) pattern. Many frameworks follow the MVC architectural pattern to separate the data model with business rules from the user interface. This is generally considered a good practice as it modularizes code, promotes code reuse, and allows multiple interfaces to be applied. In web applications, this permits different views to be presented, such as web pages for humans, and web service interfaces for remote applications. Most MVC frameworks follow a push-based architecture

pos: MVC4WPF propagate information internally, passing data up and down parent-child relationships becomes very efficient, requiring little supporting code. MVC4WPF is intended primarily for creating enterprise applications in which teams of specialists may work together to create specific areas or in applications which demand a well-defined hierarchical flow. It is not intended for very small projects. The pattern is made up of the following elements: Model: as per the MVC pattern, the Model represents the application data layer. In MVC4WPF, it is always a child in a parent-child relationship with a controller. View: as per the MVC pattern, the View represents the

pos: Graphical Editing Framework modified (Response). Graphical Editing Framework The Graphical Editing Framework (GEF) is an Eclipse project that provides framework and end-user components related to graphical applications. GEF was initially developed as part of IBM's etools (com.ibm.etools.gef) and was contributed to Eclipse in 2002 in version 2.0.0, consisting then of two components: Draw2d, a 2D visualization component based on the Standard Widget Toolkit (SWT) and GEF (MVC), a related model-view-controller framework that can be used to realized graphical editors as part of Eclipse Rich Client Platform (RCP) applications. The first release at Eclipse was GEF 2.1.0 in March 2003. The next major version,

pos: Graphical Editing Framework Graphical Editing Framework The Graphical Editing Framework (GEF) is an Eclipse project that provides framework and end-user components related to graphical applications. GEF was initially developed as part of IBM's etools (com.ibm.etools.gef) and was contributed to Eclipse in 2002 in version 2.0.0, consisting then of two components: Draw2d, a 2D visualization component based on the Standard Widget Toolkit (SWT) and GEF (MVC), a related model-view-controller framework that can be used to realized graphical editors as part of Eclipse Rich Client Platform (RCP) applications. The first release at Eclipse was GEF 2.1.0 in March 2003. The next major version, GEF 3.0.0,

pos: Model–view–controller computing, MVC has been widely adopted as an architecture for World Wide Web applications in major programming languages. Several web frameworks have been created that enforce the pattern. These software frameworks vary in their interpretations, mainly in the way that the MVC responsibilities are divided between the client and server. Some web MVC frameworks take a thin client approach that places almost the entire model, view and controller logic on the server. This is reflected in frameworks such as Django, Rails and ASP.NET MVC. In this approach, the client sends either hyperlink requests or form submissions to the controller and

pos: Blackboard (design pattern) Blackboard (design pattern) In software engineering, the blackboard pattern is a behavioral design pattern that provides a computational framework for the design and implementation of systems that integrate large and diverse specialized modules, and implement complex, non-deterministic control strategies. This pattern was identified by the members of the HEARSAY-II project and first applied to speech recognition. The blackboard model defines three main components: The first step is to design the solution space (i.e. potential solutions) that leads to the blackboard structure. Then, knowledge sources are identified. These two activities are closely related. The next step is to specify the control

pos: JSP model 2 architecture could be used for a model. Since the release of Struts, a number of competing frameworks have appeared. Many of these frameworks also claim to implement "Model 2" and "MVC". In result, the two terms have become synonymous in the minds of developers. This has led to the use of the term "MVC Model 2" or "MVC2" for short. A common misconception is that a formalized MVC pattern is required to achieve a Model 2 implementation. However, the Java BluePrints specifically warn against this interpretation: The literature on Web-tier technology in the J2EE platform frequently uses the terms "Model 1"

pos: Model–view–adapter logic among these jurisdictions in between the same database model and the same website view. Model–view–adapter Model–view–adapter (MVA) or mediating-controller MVC is a software architectural pattern and multitier architecture. In complex computer applications that present large amounts of data to users, developers often wish to separate data (model) and user interface (view) concerns so that changes to the user interface will not affect data handling and that the data can be reorganized without changing the user interface. MVA and traditional MVC both attempt to solve this same problem, but with two different styles of solution. Traditional MVC arranges model (e.g.,

pos: Model–view–adapter Model–view–adapter Model–view–adapter (MVA) or mediating-controller MVC is a software architectural pattern and multitier architecture. In complex computer applications that present large amounts of data to users, developers often wish to separate data (model) and user interface (view) concerns so that changes to the user interface will not affect data handling and that the data can be reorganized without changing the user interface. MVA and traditional MVC both attempt to solve this same problem, but with two different styles of solution. Traditional MVC arranges model (e.g., data structures and storage), view (e.g., user interface), and controller (e.g., business logic) in a

pos: Pubsoft Cameron. Pubsoft is a multi-tenant software-as-a-service (SaaS) eBook publishing platform that is designed to support digital publishing industry standard EPUB 3.0, an XML-based eBook content standard. Pubsoft utilizes a Model View Controller (MVC) design pattern, and the system contains three layers: a database layer created in MySQL, a business logic layer built on a Zend framework and a responsive user interface layer created with HTML5 and CSS3. As an enterprise-grade application, the Pubsoft database is built on a relationship schema compatible with Boyce-Codd Normal Form (BCNF), which is designed to ensure scalability, reliability and data integrity. The Pubsoft SaaS application

pos: Smalltalk views of the same underlying data. It's ideal for software development environments, where there are various views (e.g., entity-relation, dataflow, object model, etc.) of the same underlying specification. Also, for simulations or games where the underlying model may be viewed from various angles and levels of abstraction. In addition to the MVC pattern, the Smalltalk language and environment were highly influential in the history of the graphical user interface (GUI) and the "what you see is what you get" (WYSIWYG) user interface, font editors, and desktop metaphors for UI design. The powerful built-in debugging and object inspection tools that came

pos: SilverStripe which offer no out-of-the-box content authoring application. The SilverStripe approach allegedly removes complexity for content authors, and offers more flexibility to developers. The core of SilverStripe is named SilverStripe Framework. As with the rest of the platform, it is written in PHP (5.3), and takes advantage of its object-oriented design capabilities such as name-spacing. The SilverStripe framework (formerly referred to as "Sapphire") provides website developers a framework to build and extend websites based on modern programming techniques including the model-view-controller (MVC like, the model doesn't include the ability to notify the view of updates) pattern and object-relational mapper. SilverStripe generates

pos: Canonical schema pattern inventory, created by the application of the Domain Inventory design pattern. The schemas need to be designed separately than the service contract design so that there is no dependency between them. Canonical schema pattern In software engineering, Canonical Schema is a design pattern, applied within the service-orientation design paradigm, which aims to reduce the need for performing data model transformation when services exchange messages that reference the same data model. The interaction between services often requires exchanging business documents. In order for a service consumer to send data (related to a particular business entity e.g. a purchase order), it needs

pos: Component-based usability testing Component-based usability testing Component-based usability testing (CBUT) is a testing approach which aims at empirically testing the usability of an interaction component. The latter is defined as an elementary unit of an interactive system, on which behaviour-based evaluation is possible. For this, a component needs to have an independent, and by the user perceivable and controllable state, such as a radio button, a slider or a whole word processor application. The CBUT approach can be regarded as part of component-based software engineering branch of software engineering. CBUT is based on both software architectural views such as model–view–controller (MVC), presentation–abstraction–control (PAC),

pos: MontageJS of WebObjects Developer Conference. In 2010, when Marchant had the opportunity to join Motorola Mobility to work on a new framework for mobile, he took the lessons learned at Apple to build Montage from the ground up using the model–view–controller (MVC) design pattern to partition a Montage application into logically distinct units. Although still evolving, with many more components on the roadmap, Montage has been used to build production-ready applications. Transposing the designs and patterns of native application frameworks onto the field of web-based application development is nothing new. Where Montage differs from its predecessors (such as Cappuccino, for example)

pos: ASP.NET MVC The ASP.NET MVC framework couples the models, views, and controllers using interface-based contracts, thereby allowing each component to be tested independently. In March 2012, Scott Guthrie announced on his blog that Microsoft had released part of its web stack (including ASP.NET MVC, Razor and Web API) under an open source license (Apache License 2.0). Guthrie wrote that "Doing so will enable a more open development model where everyone in the community will be able to engage and provide feedback on code checkins, bug-fixes, new feature development, and build and test the products on a daily basis using the most up-to-date

pos: PureMVC unload modules for managing task list, calendar, email, contacts, and files. The "multicore" version facilitates unit testing. The MultiCore Version Reference Implementation is written in ActionScript 3. There are several active PureMVC ports—implementations for various programming languages, each contributed and supported by PureMVC community members. Each port, in turn supports one or more target development platforms, which cover most major mobile, browser, desktop and server environments. PureMVC PureMVC is a framework for creating applications based upon the well-established model–view–controller (MVC) design pattern. The free, open source framework was originally implemented in the ActionScript 3 language for use with Adobe Flex,

pos: Trygve Reenskaug Trygve Reenskaug Trygve Mikkjel Heyerdahl Reenskaug (born 21 June 1930) is a Norwegian computer scientist and professor emeritus of the University of Oslo. He formulated the model–view–controller (MVC) pattern for graphical user interface (GUI) software design in 1979 while visiting the Xerox Palo Alto Research Center (PARC). His first major software project, "Autokon," produced a successful CAD/CAM program which was first used in 1963, and continued in use by shipyards worldwide for more than 30 years. Reenskaug described his early Smalltalk and object oriented conceptual efforts as follows: He has been extensively involved in research into object oriented methods and

pos: JSP model 2 architecture two major milestones in the use of the term "Model 2". The first milestone was to formalize the term "Model 2" as an architectural pattern rather than one of two possible options. The second milestone was the claim that Model 2 provided an MVC architecture for web-based software. Govind believed that because "Model 2" architecture separated the logic out of the JSP and placed it in a servlet, the two pieces could be seen as the "View" and the "Controller" (respectively) in an MVC architecture. The "Model" part of the MVC architecture was left open by Govind, with a suggestion

pos: Spark (software) Spark (software) Spark is a free and open-source software web application framework and domain-specific language written in Java. It is an alternative to other Java web application frameworks such as JAX-RS, Play framework and Spring MVC. It runs on an embedded Jetty web server by default, but can be configured to run on other webservers. Inspired by Sinatra, it does not follow the model–view–controller pattern used in other frameworks, such as Spring MVC. Instead, Spark is intended for "quickly creating web-applications in Java with minimal effort." Spark was created and open-sourced in 2011 by Per Wendel, and was completely rewritten

pos: AngularJS content through two-way data-binding that allows for the automatic synchronization of models and views. As a result, AngularJS de-emphasizes explicit Document Object Model (DOM) manipulation with the goal of improving testability and performance. AngularJS's design goals include: AngularJS implements the MVC pattern to separate presentation, data, and logic components. Using dependency injection, Angular brings traditionally server-side services, such as view-dependent controllers, to client-side web applications. Consequently, much of the burden on the server can be reduced. AngularJS uses the term "scope" in a manner akin to the fundamentals of computer science. Scope in computer science describes when in the program

pos: Sails.js framework for both full-stack development and REST APIs. Sails.js Sails.js (or Sails) is a Model-View-Controller (MVC) web application framework developed atop the Node.js environment, released as free and open-source software under the MIT License. It is designed to make it easy to build custom, enterprise-grade Node.js web applications and APIs. Emulating the MVC architecture of other frameworks, like Ruby on Rails, it offers similar pattern and familiarity, reducing the cognitive burden when switching between other frameworks/languages. Sails.js offers a host of features and attributes. Because it is built on Node.js and Express.js, it enables applications to be built with 100%

pos: Sails.js Sails.js Sails.js (or Sails) is a Model-View-Controller (MVC) web application framework developed atop the Node.js environment, released as free and open-source software under the MIT License. It is designed to make it easy to build custom, enterprise-grade Node.js web applications and APIs. Emulating the MVC architecture of other frameworks, like Ruby on Rails, it offers similar pattern and familiarity, reducing the cognitive burden when switching between other frameworks/languages. Sails.js offers a host of features and attributes. Because it is built on Node.js and Express.js, it enables applications to be built with 100% JavaScript. This not only includes models, views, and

pos: Ruby on Rails Ruby on Rails Ruby on Rails, or Rails, is a server-side web application framework written in Ruby under the MIT License. Rails is a model–view–controller (MVC) framework, providing default structures for a database, a web service, and web pages. It encourages and facilitates the use of web standards such as JSON or XML for data transfer, HTML, CSS and JavaScript for user interfacing. In addition to MVC, Rails emphasizes the use of other well-known software engineering patterns and paradigms, including convention over configuration (CoC), don't repeat yourself (DRY), and the active record pattern. Ruby on Rails' emergence in the 2000s

pos: Hierarchical model–view–controller difference from a traditional MVC is that instead of displaying the comments in a fully separate page, they are displayed inline below the article the user is viewing. In this regard, HMVC strives to increase code modularity, aid reusability, and maintain a better separation of concerns. Hierarchical model–view–controller Hierarchical model–view–controller (HMVC) is a software architectural pattern, a variation of model–view–controller (MVC) similar to presentation–abstraction–control (PAC), that was published in 2000 in an article in JavaWorld Magazine, the authors apparently unaware of PAC, which was published 13 years earlier. The controller has some oversight in that it selects first the model

pos: Model–view–controller out of the box. As with other software patterns, MVC expresses the "core of the solution" to a problem while allowing it to be adapted for each system. Particular MVC architectures can vary significantly from the traditional description here. In addition to dividing the application into three kinds of components, the model–view–controller design defines the interactions between them. One of the seminal insights in the early development of graphical user interfaces, MVC became one of the first approaches to describe and implement software constructs in terms of their responsibilities. Trygve Reenskaug introduced MVC into Smalltalk-76 while visiting the Xerox Palo

pos: JSP model 2 architecture and "Model 2" without explanation. This terminology stems from early drafts of the JSP specification, which described two basic usage patterns for JSP pages. While the terms have disappeared from the specification document, they remain in common use. Model 1 and Model 2 simply refer to the absence or presence (respectively) of a controller servlet that dispatches requests from the client tier and selects views. Furthermore, the term "MVC2" has led many to a mistaken belief that Model 2 represents a next-generation MVC pattern. In fact, MVC2 is simply a shortening of the term "MVC Model 2". The confusion over

pos: Model–view–presenter Model–view–presenter Model–view–presenter (MVP) is a derivation of the model–view–controller (MVC) architectural pattern, and is used mostly for building user interfaces. In MVP, the "presenter" assumes the functionality of the "middle-man". In MVP, all presentation logic is pushed to the presenter. The model-view-presenter software pattern originated in the early 1990s at Taligent, a joint venture of Apple, IBM, and Hewlett-Packard. MVP is the underlying programming model for application development in Taligent's C++-based CommonPoint environment. The pattern was later migrated by Taligent to Java and popularized in a paper by Taligent CTO Mike Potel. After Taligent's discontinuation in 1998, Andy Bower and

pos: Naked objects that naked objects is closer to the original intent of model–view–controller (MVC) than many of the subsequent interpretations and implementations. Pawson's thesis claims four benefits for the pattern: The automatically generated object-oriented user interface is potentially suitable for sovereign applications but not for transient applications. There are now several software frameworks that implement the naked objects pattern: The Department of Social Protection (DSP) (formerly known as the Department for Social and Family Affairs) in Ireland has built a suite of enterprise applications using the naked objects pattern. As part of its Service Delivery Modernisation (SDM) programme, the DSP designed a

neg: Apotomo tool copyrighted to Nick Sutterer under MIT license. The source code is stored at the GitHub repository location. Apotomo Apotomo is a platform-specific widget framework for Ruby on Rails, designed to simplify the components and code of the view section of the MVC design pattern. Apotomo is built on, and was built by the same engineer as, the Cells Project. Apotomo assists developers by reducing the amount of dynamic code needed to build the view component of a Ruby on Rails project, as well as making the view component code re-usable. View Code Reduction: Apotomo usage is based upon Apotomo

neg: Apotomo Apotomo Apotomo is a platform-specific widget framework for Ruby on Rails, designed to simplify the components and code of the view section of the MVC design pattern. Apotomo is built on, and was built by the same engineer as, the Cells Project. Apotomo assists developers by reducing the amount of dynamic code needed to build the view component of a Ruby on Rails project, as well as making the view component code re-usable. View Code Reduction: Apotomo usage is based upon Apotomo widgets (which are Ruby classes), and all Apotomo widgets inherit from the Apotomo:Widget base class. Even though these

neg: Colony Framework architecture pattern, similar to Ruby on Rails and Django. The web stack is supported by a modular HTTP server implementation developed from the ground up under the Colony design philosophy. In practice this implies that even core HTTP server components, such as filesystem access and socket interfaces, are provided as modules and can be hotswapped. The web MVC plugin also uses the modular ORM entity manager plugin. For managing distribution, the distribution manager component acts as a hub for the various distribution plugins that implement's Colony's viral distribution concept. Among other available components are a build automation component (functionally comparable

neg: Composite pattern codice_4) in the tree structure. The request is forwarded to (performed on) all child codice_4 objects (codice_5 and codice_6 objects) downwards the tree structure.<br> There are two design variants for defining and implementing child-related operations like adding/removing a child component to/from the container (codice_35) and accessing a child component (codice_36): The Composite design pattern emphasizes uniformity over type safety. As it is described in Design Patterns, the pattern also involves including the child-manipulation methods in the main Component interface, not just the Composite subclass. More recent descriptions sometimes omit these methods. The following example, written in Java, implements a graphic

neg: MVC4WPF to it as an automated code pattern rather than a framework because design frameworks create a logical environment that must be used in a precise manner; whereas, MVC4WPF promotes a more flexible environment that is intended to be adapted to the solution without restrictions. However, MVC4WPF does support code libraries, snippets, and uses the supporting language associated with WPF (XAML), giving it many characteristics of a design pattern. Creators Stephen Giffin and John Hannah state in their three part broadcast on Channel 9 (discussion forum) that MVC4WPF is designed to take advantage of the MVC pattern’s flexibility in problem solving

neg: Model–view–presenter Blair McGlashan of Dolphin Smalltalk adapted the MVP pattern to form the basis for their Smalltalk user interface framework. In 2006, Microsoft began incorporating MVP into its documentation and examples for user interface programming in the .NET framework. The evolution and multiple variants of the MVP pattern, including the relationship of MVP to other design patterns such as MVC, is discussed in detail in an article by Martin Fowler and another by Derek Greer. MVP is a user interface architectural pattern engineered to facilitate automated unit testing and improve the separation of concerns in presentation logic: Normally, the view implementation

neg: M. David Merrill dimension consists of remembering, using and finding. The component display theory can be used to design instruction for any level of the cognitive domain and it provides a basis for lesson design in computer-based learning systems. In 1994, Merrill revised the original component display theory and the focus shifted towards a more macro perspective. The emphasis shifted from lesson towards general course structure and from forms to instructional transactions. The First Principles of Instruction is an instructional theory that takes into consideration many instructional theories and models. It includes as set of inter-related principles – task/problem-centered, activation, demonstration, application and

neg: Blackboard (design pattern) component; it generally takes the form of a complex scheduler that makes use of a set of domain-specific heuristics to rate the relevance of executable knowledge sources. Usage-domains include: The blackboard pattern provides effective solutions for designing and implementing complex systems where heterogeneous modules have to be dynamically combined to solve a problem. This provides non-functional properties such as: The blackboard pattern allows multiple processes to work closer together on separate threads, polling and reacting when necessary. An example of the Blackboard pattern has been provided by Microsoft. https://social.technet.microsoft.com/wiki/contents/articles/13461.blackboard-design-pattern-a-practical-example-radar-defense-system.aspx Blackboard (design pattern) In software engineering, the blackboard pattern is a

neg: Business delegate pattern of business service lookup is encapsulated by lookup service. This a business-tier component, such as an enterprise bean or a JMS component, which provides the required service to the client. Some consequences are as follows: Following concerns can be considered: A sample code for a Professional Services Application (PSA), where a Web-tier client needs to access a session bean that implements the session facade pattern, is provided below. Resource Delegate: Remote interface for ResourceSession: Business delegate pattern Business delegate is a Java EE design pattern. Requests to access underlying business services are sent from clients, and lookup services are used

neg: Model–view–controller heavily from Smalltalk) and helped enforce MVC principles. Later, the MVC pattern became popular with Java developers when WebObjects was ported to Java. Later frameworks for Java, such as Spring (released in October 2002), continued the strong bond between Java and MVC. The introduction of the frameworks Django (July 2005, for Python) and Rails (December 2005, for Ruby), both of which had a strong emphasis on rapid deployment, increased MVC's popularity outside the traditional enterprise environment in which it has long been popular. MVC web frameworks now hold large market-shares relative to non-MVC web toolkits. Although originally developed for desktop

neg: Zend Framework release version remains at 3.0.0, it will instruct Composer to install latest compatible versions of the framework components, as per the semantic versioning. Such that zend-mvc component will be installed at its current version 3.1.1, zend-servicemanager at version 3.3.0 and zend-form at version 2.10.2. Zend Framework includes following components: Officially supported install method is via Composer package manager. Zend Framework provides meta-package that includes 61 component but recommended way is to install required framework components individually. Composer will resolve and install all additional dependencies. For instance, if you need MVC package, you can install with the following command: $ composer

neg: George M. Galambos specified capability, and a repository supporting the CBM map is filtered to provide a view of the identified components that highlights how they collaborate. The view is used to identify component features contributing to the specified capability. The specified capability is then enhanced by a transformation strategy that includes re-engineering particular components, identifying a pattern characterizing the collaboration between components and adding a component to perform the collaborative pattern, or adding another feature to the collaboration and adding component to perform the additional feature. The CBM repository provides exemplar best practices that can be adapted for use in a re-engineered

neg: Service locator pattern Service locator pattern The service locator pattern is a design pattern used in software development to encapsulate the processes involved in obtaining a service with a strong abstraction layer. This pattern uses a central registry known as the "service locator", which on request returns the information necessary to perform a certain task. The main criticism of service location is that it obscures dependencies. Meanwhile, its proponents say the approach should not be discarded as it simplifies component-based applications where all dependencies are cleanly listed at the beginning of the whole application design, consequently making traditional dependency injection a more complex

neg: Memory hierarchy Memory hierarchy In computer architecture, the memory hierarchy separates computer storage into a hierarchy based on response time. Since response time, complexity, and capacity are related, the levels may also be distinguished by their performance and controlling technologies. Memory hierarchy affects performance in computer architectural design, algorithm predictions, and lower level programming constructs involving locality of reference. Designing for high performance requires considering the restrictions of the memory hierarchy, i.e. the size and capabilities of each component. Each of the various components can be viewed as part of a hierarchy of memories (m,m...,m) in which each member m is typically

neg: Mojito (framework) more views and any number or no models. Below we have each MVC component illustrated in more detail: Mojito (framework) Mojito is an environment agnostic, MVC web application framework designed by Ric Allinson which supports agile development of web applications. Mojito has built-in support for unit testing, Internationalization, syntax and coding convention checks. Both server and client components in Mojito are written in JavaScript which imparts Mojito it's specialty. Mojito allows developers designing web applications to leverage the utilities of both configuration and MVC framework. Mojito is capable of running on both client(browser) and the server(Node.js) because both client and

neg: Lightweight User Interface Toolkit etc. However features such as MVC, layout managers, renders and the EDT are directly related to Swing. LWUIT is based on a Component/Container hierarchy composite architecture. Containers are Components and can be nested to create elaborate layouts. Components can be styled both via external styles/themes and programmatically by developers. LWUIT is constantly ranked as one of the most active java.net projects and its forums are some of the most active forums in the community. Lightweight User Interface Toolkit Lightweight User Interface Toolkit (LWUIT) is a Widget toolkit developed by Sun Microsystems to enable easier Java ME user interface development for

neg: Service layer pattern because developers don't have as much to learn (or invent) when they join a project. One common layering uses task, entity and utility. An alternative layering from Bieberstein et al., involves five layers, namely enterprise, process, service, component and object. The service layer pattern invokes a specific service architecture. The top-down service delivery approach facilitates the use of this pattern. Service layer pattern Service Layer is a design pattern, applied within the service-orientation design paradigm, which aims to organize the services, within a service inventory, into a set of logical layers. Services that are categorized into a particular layer share

neg: Zero-waste fashion traditional folk costumes. Two general approaches fall under this category, both of which occur during a garment's initial production. In zero-waste fashion design the designer creates a garment through the pattern cutting process, working within the space of the fabric width. This approach directly influences the design of the final garment as the pattern cutting process is a primary design step. It is difficult to design a zero-waste garment solely through sketching, although sketching can be a useful speculative tool. Zero-waste manufacture, of which zero-waste design is a component, is a holistic approach that can eliminate textile waste without modifying

neg: 122 mm howitzer 2A18 (D-30) layer—non-essential luxuries. A sliding block breech was adopted instead of the M-30's pre-1914 screw pattern, giving a slight increase in the rate of fire. It is a semi-automatic vertical sliding block breech, with a tied jaw; the block moves down to open and opens automatically ejecting the empty cartridge case when the gun fires. The design is closely related to those of breeches on other Soviet post–World War II guns and howitzers. The non-reciprocating sights are standard Soviet pattern, designed for one-man laying. Included are a direct fire anti-tank telescope, a panoramic periscopic indirect-fire sight (dial sight) in a reciprocating

neg: ASP.NET MVC version of the source code and tests." The source code now resides on CodePlex. ASP.NET Web Forms was not included in this initiative for various reasons. The view engines used in the ASP.NET MVC 3 and MVC 4 frameworks are Razor and the Web Forms. Both view engines are part of the MVC 3 framework. By default, the view engine in the MVC framework uses Razor codice_1 and codice_2, or Web Forms codice_3 pages to design the layout of the user interface pages onto which the data is composed. However, different view engines can be used. Additionally, rather than the

neg: Service refactoring the other hand, to insulate service logic from negative effects from changes in the service implementation, the Service Façade design pattern could be reapplied to introduce another façade component between the service implementation and the service logic. The application of the Service Abstraction principle can further help to reduce the possibilities of any detrimental effects caused by the application of this design pattern. The application of the Service Refactoring design pattern requires extensive testing to ensure a reliable and proven service, although inefficient, carries on the same level of behavioral stability and reliability. This might spike up the project costs

neg: Diffractive beam splitter Diffraction). Designing the diffractive pattern for a beam splitter follows the same principle as a diffraction grating, with a repetitive pattern etched on the surface of a substrate. The depth of the etching pattern is roughly on the order of the wavelength of light in the application, with an adjustment factor related to the substrate's index of refraction. The etching pattern is composed of "periods" – identical sub-pattern units that repeat cyclically. The width d of the period is related to the separation angle θ between output beams according to the grating equation: m represents the order of the diffracted

neg: Software design pattern the "Design Patterns" book (which is primarily focused on C++) are simplified or eliminated (via direct language support) in Lisp or Dylan. Related observations were made by Hannemann and Kiczales who implemented several of the 23 design patterns using an aspect-oriented programming language (AspectJ) and showed that code-level dependencies were removed from the implementations of 17 of the 23 design patterns and that aspect-oriented programming could simplify the implementations of design patterns. See also Paul Graham's essay "Revenge of the Nerds". Inappropriate use of patterns may unnecessarily increase complexity. Software design pattern In software engineering, a software design pattern is

neg: Spacefiller Spacefiller In Conway's Game of Life and related cellular automata, a spacefiller is a pattern that spreads out indefinitely, eventually filling the entire space with a still life pattern. It typically consists of three components: stretchers that resemble spaceships at the four corners of the pattern, a growing boundary region along the edges of the pattern, and the still life in the interior pattern. It resembles a breeder in that both types of patterns have a quadratic growth rate in their numbers of live cells, and in both having a three-component architecture. However, in a breeder the moving part of

neg: T99 (camouflage) Flecktarn (Tropentarn) camouflage, it is actually a recoloured variant of the original Danish M84 Pletsløring (spot camouflage) pattern, in which earthy red has replaced black, dark green has replaced light green, and the sand colour has replaced the olive green of the original M/84. T99 (camouflage) T/99 is the designation of the camouflage pattern of the Danish Armed Forces desert combat uniform. It is a 3 colour camouflage pattern, similar in design to the Danish M/84 pattern. It is considered to be the desert counterpart of M/84, and consists of different colors better suited for arid climates. The uniform contains

neg: Zend Framework Edition), which is advertised to be optimized for running Zend Framework applications. Zend Server includes Zend Framework in its installers, along with PHP and all required extensions. According to Zend Technologies, Zend Server provides improved performance for PHP and especially Zend Framework applications through opcode acceleration and several caching capabilities, and includes application monitoring and diagnostics facilities. Zend Studio is an IDE that includes features specifically to integrate with Zend Framework. It provides an MVC view, MVC code generation based on Zend_Tool (a component of the Zend Framework), a code formatter, code completion, parameter assist, and more. Zend Studio is

neg: Common spatial pattern also be used to separate artifacts from electroencephalographics signals. An adaptation of the common spatial pattern for event-related potentials has been formalized in. Common spatial pattern Common spatial pattern (CSP) is a mathematical procedure used in signal processing for separating a multivariate signal into additive subcomponents which have maximum differences in variance between two windows. Let formula_1 of size formula_2 and formula_3 of size formula_4 be two windows of a multivariate signal, where formula_5 is the number of signals and formula_6 and formula_7 are the respective number of samples. The CSP algorithm determines the component formula_8 such that the ratio

neg: Pattern (casting) skilled trade that is related to the trades of tool and die making and moldmaking, but also often incorporates elements of fine woodworking. Patternmakers (sometimes styled pattern-makers or pattern makers) learn their skills through apprenticeships and trade schools over many years of experience. Although an engineer may help to design the pattern, it is usually a patternmaker who executes the design Typically, materials used for pattern making are wood, metal or plastics. Wax and Plaster of Paris are also used, but only for specialized applications. Sugar pine is the most commonly used material for patterns, primarily because it is soft,

neg: Braille pattern dots-134 Braille pattern dots-134 The Braille pattern dots-134 ( ) is a 6-dot braille cell with both top and the bottom left dots raised, or an 8-dot braille cell with both top and the lower-middle left dots raised. It is represented by the Unicode code point U+280d, and in Braille ASCII with M. In unified international braille, the braille pattern dots-134 is used to represent a bilabial nasal, i.e. /m/. Related to Braille pattern dots-134 are Braille patterns 1347, 1348, and 13478, which are used in 8-dot braille systems, such as Gardner-Salinas and Luxembourgish Braille. In the Japanese kantenji braille, the

neg: Front controller Front controller The front controller software design pattern is listed in several pattern catalogs and related to the design of web applications. It is "a controller that handles all requests for a website", which is a useful structure for web application developers to achieve the flexibility and reuse without code redundancy. Front controllers are often used in web applications to implement workflows. While not strictly required, it is much easier to control navigation across a set of related pages (for instance, multiple pages used in an online purchase) from a front controller than it is to make the individual pages

neg: Weighted urban proliferation built up area /reporting unit) * dispersion UP is expressed in urban permeation units per m of land (UPU/m). Within the framework of the WUP method, built-up areas are defined as areas where buildings are located. Since roads, railway lines, and parking lots, etc. are not buildings, they are disregarded in the WUP method of measuring urban sprawl. The second component of the WUP method is dispersion (DIS). This component is based on the idea that the degree of urban sprawl intensifies with both increasing amount of urban area and increasing dispersion. The dispersion metric analyses the pattern of built-up

neg: Service refactoring service contract remains unaffected by changes in logic or implementation, the service contract must be decoupled as much as possible. This can be done by introduction of a façade component in between the service contract and the service logic. However, this is only possible if the service contract is physically decoupled from its implementation in the first place, which could be accomplished by the application of the Decoupled Contract design pattern. This could further be strengthened by the application of the Contract Centralization design pattern that advocates establishing service’s contract as the only official entry point into the service. On

neg: Workflow pattern Workflow pattern A workflow pattern is a specialized form of a design pattern as defined in the area of software engineering or business process engineering respectively. Workflow patterns refer specifically to recurrent problems and proven solutions related to the development of workflow applications in particular, and more broadly, "process-oriented applications". Workflow patterns are concepts of economised development. Their usage should follow strategies of simplifying maintenance and reducing modeling work. Workflow is performed in real time. The mechanisms of control must support the typical pace of work. Design patterns must delay execution of workflow. Workflow patterns may usually be aggregated as

neg: New Jersey Motor Vehicle Commission infrastructure, enhancement of security measures and introduction of mandatory customer service training for employees. The MVC has the authority under N.J.S.A. Title 39 to suspend or revoke a driver's license and/or registration in various circumstances related to, or unrelated to, judicial proceedings. Possible reasons where a driver could received a Notice of Scheduled Suspension arising as a direct result of administrative action include: The MVC will grant afford those with a scheduled suspension to request a suspension hearing by providing the MVC in writing prior to the date of proposed suspension. Upon requesting a hearing, the MVC will review the

neg: Amerind languages American languages by Paul Rivet. The main argument for the genetic unity of most Native American languages is an observed pronominal pattern in many Native American languages that have first person forms with "n-" and second person forms with "m"-. This pattern was first noted by Alfredo Trombetti in 1905. This pattern was also noted by Sapir which caused him to suggest that ultimately all Native American languages would turn out to be related. In a personal letter to A. L. Kroeber he wrote (Sapir 1918): The supposed "n/m – I/you" pattern among Native American languages has attracted attention even

neg: Utility abstraction pattern overhead. Similarly, due to the distribution of generic logic, the overall design of the service composition will become complex and difficult to maintain. Utility abstraction pattern Utility abstraction is a design pattern, applied within the service-orientation design paradigm, which advocates designing services that provide cross-cutting non-business related functionality, which can be positioned as utility resources to automate multiple business processes. To automate a business process, the required solution logic is based on the corresponding business work-flow and the business rules. Although the business specific logic can be derived from the business domain, however, in order to complete the automation of

neg: Micromagnetics is the energy density. In variational terms, a change dm of the magnetization and the associated change d"E" of the magnetic energy are related by: It should be noted that, since m is a unit vector, dm is always perpendicular to m. Then the above definition leaves unspecified the component of H that is parallel to m. This is usually not a problem, as this component has no effect on the magnetization dynamics. From the expression of the different contributions to the magnetic energy, the effective field can be found to be: This is the equation of motion of the

neg: Corporate venture capital Corporate Venture Capital MAHLE Corporate Venture Capital (MVC) is the corporate venture arm of MAHLE GmbH. MVC invests in funds as well as start-up companies related to the cleantech- and automotive sector, respectively drive-train and mechatronics solutions. MVC is located in Germany (Stuttgart, MAHLE Headquarter) http://www.mahle.com/mahle/en/about-mahle/corporate-venture-capital/, Retrieved March 12, 2015 Energy Technology Ventures A joint venture involving General Electric, NRG Energy, and ConocoPhillips focused on the development of next-generation energy technologies. The JV will invest in, and offer commercial collaboration opportunities to venture- and growth-stage energy technology companies in the renewable power generation, smart grid, energy efficiency, oil, natural gas,

neg: Non-virtual interface pattern NVI pattern. A design that adheres to this pattern results in a separation of a class interface into two distinct interfaces: With such a structure, the fragile base class interface problem is mitigated. The only detriment is that the code is enlarged a little. Non-virtual interface pattern The non-virtual interface pattern (NVI) controls how methods in a base class are overridden. Such methods may be called by clients and overridable methods with core functionality. It is a pattern that is strongly related to the template method pattern. The NVI pattern recognizes the benefits of a non-abstract method invoking the subordinate

neg: Design for manufacturability from which machined parts are made. The size and shape of the component may determine which form of material must be used. It is common for engineering drawings to specify one form over the other. Bar stock is generally close to 1/2 of the cost of plate on a per pound basis. So although the material form isn't directly related to the geometry of the component, cost can be removed at the design stage by specifying the least expensive form of the material. A significant contributing factor to the cost of a machined component is the geometric tolerance to which

neg: Electronic filter topology passband, the m-type topology will result in a filter where each passband has an analogous frequency-domain response. It is possible to generalise the m-type topology for filters with more than one passband using parameters m, m, m etc., which are not equal to each other resulting in general m-type filters which have bandforms that can differ in different parts of the frequency spectrum. The mm'-type topology can be thought of as a double m-type design. Like the m-type it has the same bandform but offers further improved transfer characteristics. It is, however, a rarely used design due to increased component

neg: TYPO3 Flow the upcoming CMS TYPO3 Neos. The development and publication is - like all TYPO3 subprojects - funded by the TYPO3 Association. Most of the new features of TYPO3 Flow have been backported for use with older TYPO3 versions (4.3 and higher) to provide a smooth transition to or from "TYPO3 CMS". These functions have been integrated into the system extension "Extbase "and the related "Fluid" templating engine. Therefore, Domain-Driven Design and MVC concepts can be used within "TYPO3 CMS" and subsequently ported to systems running "TYPO3 Neos". These conventions were agreed on during Transition Days 2008 in Berlin. Another outcome

neg: Radio wave is used for the electric component, and the unit "amperes per meter" (A/m) is used for the magnetic component. One can speak of an electromagnetic field, and these units are used to provide information about the levels of electric and magnetic field strength at a measurement location. Another commonly used unit for characterizing an RF electromagnetic field is "power density". Power density is most accurately used when the point of measurement is far enough away from the RF emitter to be located in what is referred to as the far field zone of the radiation pattern. In closer proximity to

neg: Utility abstraction pattern Utility abstraction pattern Utility abstraction is a design pattern, applied within the service-orientation design paradigm, which advocates designing services that provide cross-cutting non-business related functionality, which can be positioned as utility resources to automate multiple business processes. To automate a business process, the required solution logic is based on the corresponding business work-flow and the business rules. Although the business specific logic can be derived from the business domain, however, in order to complete the automation of the business process, some general purpose logic is normally required that cannot be derived from the business domain. Such logic usually offers low

neg: Domain inventory pattern what is advocated by the Domain Inventory design pattern. By limiting the scope of a service inventory, it becomes easier to develop and manage a group of related services. In order to apply this design pattern, a well-defined boundary needs to be established inside the enterprise that would usually correspond to a particular business area of the enterprise. For example, sales department, customer services department, etc. It is important that any domains created relate to the business domains as it helps to keep the service inventory in sync with the business models as they evolve over time. Having established a

neg: 2008–09 Wichita State Shockers men's basketball team 2008–09 Wichita State Shockers men's basketball team The 2008–09 Wichita State Shockers men's basketball team represents Wichita State University in the 2008-09 NCAA Division I men's basketball season. The team, which plays in the Missouri Valley Conference (MVC), is led by second-year head coach Gregg Marshall. The Shockers opened the season with a win over Florida A&M on November 10, 2008, and ended the season with a loss to Stanford in the College Basketball Invitational. Their final record for 2008–09 was 17–17 (8–10 MVC), a huge improvement from their 2007–08 record of 11–20 (4–14 MVC). The Shockers started out with