query: when did lucent technologies spin off from at&t

pos: Lucent Lucent Lucent Technologies, Inc., was an American multinational telecommunications equipment company headquartered in Murray Hill, New Jersey, in the United States. It was established on September 30, 1996, through the divestiture of the former AT&T Technologies business unit of AT&T Corporation, which included Western Electric and Bell Labs. Lucent was merged with Alcatel SA of France in a merger of equals on December 1, 2006, forming Alcatel-Lucent. Alcatel-Lucent was absorbed by Nokia in January 2016. Lucent means "they shine" in Latin. The name was applied in 1996 at the time of the split from AT&T. The name was widely criticised,

pos: QLT Consumer Lease Services QLT Consumer Lease Services Consumer Phone Services LLC, doing business as QLT Consumer Lease Services, formerly AT&T Consumer Lease Services, has New Jersey-based operations managed by Alcatel-Lucent, formerly Lucent Technologies. The AT&T name was used under license since Lucent was spun off from AT&T on September 30, 1996. Consumer Phone Services bought Lucent's telephone leasing business in 2000, when Lucent reorganized its equipment businesses. CPS leases out the following models made by Western Electric: CPS also leases the following models released post-breakup, manufactured by AT&T Technologies, Lucent Technologies, or Advanced American Telephones: Consumer Phone Services also leases cordless phones &

pos: QLT Consumer Lease Services free replacement if the phone ever breaks and free accessories such as long cords. On October 1, 2008, AT&T Consumer Lease Services changed its name to QLT Consumer Lease Services. QLT Consumer Lease Services Consumer Phone Services LLC, doing business as QLT Consumer Lease Services, formerly AT&T Consumer Lease Services, has New Jersey-based operations managed by Alcatel-Lucent, formerly Lucent Technologies. The AT&T name was used under license since Lucent was spun off from AT&T on September 30, 1996. Consumer Phone Services bought Lucent's telephone leasing business in 2000, when Lucent reorganized its equipment businesses. CPS leases out the following models

pos: Lucent Lucent Lucent Technologies, Inc., was an American multinational telecommunications equipment company headquartered in Murray Hill, New Jersey, in the United States. It was established on September 30, 1996, through the divestiture of the former AT&T Technologies business unit of AT&T Corporation, which included Western Electric and Bell Labs. Lucent was merged with Alcatel SA of France in a merger of equals on December 1, 2006, forming Alcatel-Lucent. Alcatel-Lucent was absorbed by Nokia in January 2016. Lucent means "they shine" in Latin. The name was applied in 1996 at the time of the split from AT&T. The name was widely criticised,

pos: Lucent Hill facility also has the largest copper-roof in the world. When Lucent Technologies was experiencing financial troubles in 2000 and 2001, one out of every three fluorescent lights was turned off in the facility. The same was done in the Naperville, Illinois, and Allentown, Pennsylvania, facilities for a while. The facility had a cricket field and featured a nearby station from which enthusiasts could control RC airplanes and helicopters. Lucent Lucent Technologies, Inc., was an American multinational telecommunications equipment company headquartered in Murray Hill, New Jersey, in the United States. It was established on September 30, 1996, through the divestiture

neg: Reading Works of the cuts in the Lightwave unit. The Lightwave unit makes fiber-optic laser transmitters and receivers. In 1995 the Reading Works' work force stood at 2,400 including AT&T Microelectronics and Bell Labs as it prepared for the spin off from AT&T into Lucent Technologies. Under the 1996 restructuring of AT&T, AT&T Technologies became Lucent Technologies. The Lucent Technologies Reading, Pennsylvania, facility became both a Lucent Microelectronics and a Lucent Optoelectronics facility, designing and manufacturing optoelectronic and integrated circuit components for applications in the telecommunications and computing industries. The Lucent Reading Plant was unique in the semiconductor industry because it manufactured

neg: AT&T Technologies an AT&T telephone. In 1994, AT&T discontinued production of the Princess telephone. AT&T announced in 1995 that it would split into three companies: a manufacturing/R&D company, a computer company, and a services company. NCR, Bell Labs and AT&T Technologies were to be spun off by 1997. In preparation for its spin-off, AT&T Technologies was renamed Lucent Technologies. Lucent was completely spun off from AT&T in 1996. AT&T Technologies AT&T Technologies, Inc., was created in 1983 in preparation for the Bell System Divestiture, which became effective as of January 1, 1984. It assumed the corporate charter of Western Electric Co., Inc.

neg: Reading Works integrated circuits. These microchips were used in tone ringers, data processing, voltage regulators, video distribution, and in the industrial, computer, communication and instrumental markets. In addition to Reading, other Lucent Microelectronics integrated circuit sites included Allentown, Pennsylvania; Orlando, Florida; Bangkok, Thailand; Tres Cantos, Spain; and Singapore. In 1996 the Reading Works' work force stood at 2,450 including AT&T Microelectronics and Bell Labs as it made the transition from AT&T into Lucent Technologies. The spin off of AT&T manufacturing units as Lucent Technologies became necessary as these units increasingly found that their prospective customers were AT&T competitors. The divestiture of the

neg: Carly Fiorina heading its North American operations. In 1995, Fiorina led corporate operations for Lucent Technologies, Inc., a spin-off from AT&T of its Western Electric and Bell Labs divisions into a new company. In that capacity, she reported to Lucent chief executive Henry B. Schacht. She played a key role in planning and implementing the 1996 initial public offering of a successful stock and company launch strategy. The spin-off became one of the most successful IPOs in U.S. history, raising 3 billion. Later in 1996, Fiorina was appointed president of Lucent's consumer products sector. In 1997, she was named group president for

neg: NCR Corporation NCR was founded in 1884 and acquired by AT&T in 1991. A restructuring of AT&T in 1996 led to NCR's re-establishment January 1,1997 as a separate company and involved the spin-off of Lucent Technologies from AT&T. NCR is the only AT&T spin-off company that has retained its original name—all the others have either been purchased or renamed following subsequent mergers. The company began as the National Manufacturing Company of Dayton, Ohio, was established to manufacture and sell the first mechanical cash register invented in 1879 by James Ritty. In 1884, the company and patents were bought by John Henry Patterson

neg: Western Electric with "WE". Western Electric came to an end in 1995 when AT&T changed the name of AT&T Technologies to Lucent Technologies, in preparation for its spinoff. Lucent became independent in 1996, and sold more assets into Advanced American Telephones, Agere Systems, Avaya, and Consumer Phone Services. Lucent itself merged with Alcatel, forming Alcatel-Lucent, which was acquired by Nokia in 2016. Western Electric's structured cabling unit, once known as AT&T Network Systems or SYSTIMAX, was spun off from Avaya and became part of CommScope. Since the demise of Western Electric, telephone equipment design and manufacturing is an open market place in

neg: Marcus Weldon sol-gel. After the spin-out of Lucent Technologies from AT&T, and the sale of the optical fiber business to Commscope, he changed focus to investigate early Fiber To The Home technologies and architectures. This led to his subsequent appointment as Chief Technology Officer of the Broadband Solutions business unit of Lucent Technologies in 2004, and with one area of focus being broadband economics and quality of service. After the merger between Alcatel SA and Lucent Technologies in 2006, he became the CTO of the Broadband Access business unit of the combined entity, before becoming the Corporate CTO for Alcatel-Lucent in 2009.

neg: Avaya (AI), blockchain and emerging technologies, and transforming the business through increased investment in innovation. In 1995, Lucent Technologies was spun off from AT&T, and Lucent spun off units of its own in an attempt to restructure its struggling operations. Avaya was then spun off as its own company in 2000. It remained a public company from 2000 to 2007, when it was purchased by private equity firms. In 2001, the Mark Avaya Interaction Center for customer relationship management began, enabling businesses to draw multi-platform call centers to multimedia, multi-site contact centers. A proposed "converged communications" road map focused on the

neg: Advanced American Telephones AT&T Consumer Products ceased operations of AT&T Phone Centers in 1995, deciding to simply focus on leasing equipment and on sales at department stores. It, along with the rest of AT&T Technologies and Bell Laboratories, became a part of Lucent Technologies in 1996, following completion of its spinoff from AT&T. Lucent Technologies Consumer Products, L.P. (LTCP) became the new name of AT&T Consumer Products in 1996. Its operations remained largely unchanged from its operations at AT&T. In 1997, LTCP was placed in the unsuccessful Philips Consumer Communications joint venture. LTCP was retained after the venture failed. In 2000, Lucent opted

neg: AT&T Laboratories AT&T Laboratories AT&T Laboratories, Inc. was the research & development division of AT&T Corporation. It was founded in 1925 as Bell Telephone Laboratories, Inc., following the merger of the research & development divisions of American Telephone & Telegraph and Western Electric. In 1996, most of Bell Labs was spun off into Lucent Technologies, along with AT&T Technologies, formerly Western Electric, and the Bell Labs name. Research dealing with telephone equipment and most physical research went to Lucent; a smaller number of researchers dealing with voice technology, network management, and software stayed with AT&T Bell Laboratories, Inc., which was now renamed

neg: Lucent A telecommunication commentator referred to the logo as "a big red zero" and predicted financial losses. One of the primary reasons AT&T Corporation chose to spin off its equipment manufacturing business was to permit it to profit from sales to competing telecommunications providers; these customers had previously shown reluctance to purchase from a direct competitor. Bell Labs brought prestige to the new company, as well as the revenue from thousands of patents. At the time of its spinoff, Lucent was placed under the leadership of Henry Schacht, who was brought in to oversee its transition from an arm of AT&T

neg: Ron Ponder information technology and development organizations While at AT&T Ponder transformed the entire Information Systems Organization, consolidating data centers, implementing a corporate network worldwide, standardizing technology and changing the culture of the organization to be customer focused. During this period he assisted in planning the divestiture and spin out of AT&T Computer Systems back into NCR Corporation and AT&T Network Systems which became Lucent Technologies. Ponder also led changes in the company that were fundamental to AT&T's network evolution to address capacity and modernization of their infrastructure. He brought together what many regard as the finest team of CIOs available to

neg: History of AT&T services. After its own attempt to penetrate the computer marketplace failed, in 1991, AT&T acquired NCR Corporation (National Cash Register), hoping to capitalize on the burgeoning personal computer and Unix networked server markets, but was unable to extract lasting financial or technological gains from the merger. After deregulation of the U.S. telecom industry via the Telecommunications Act of 1996, NCR was divested again. At the same time, the majority of AT&T Technologies and the renowned Bell Labs was spun off as Lucent Technologies. The industry as a whole had many other reorganizations since the 1990s, both due to deregulation and

neg: Vladimir Vapnik moved to the USA and joined the Adaptive Systems Research Department at AT&T Bell Labs in Holmdel, New Jersey. While at AT&T, Vapnik and his colleagues developed the theory of the support vector machine. They demonstrated its performance on a number of problems of interest to the machine learning community, including handwriting recognition. The group later became the Image Processing Research Department of AT&T Laboratories when AT&T spun off Lucent Technologies in 1996. In 2000, Vapnik and neural networks expert, Hava Siegelmann developed Support Vector Clustering, which enabled the algorithm to categorize inputs without labels - becoming one of the

neg: 5ESS Switching System modules and more optical links per SM to the communications module (CM). A follow-on version, the 5ESS-R/E, was in development during the late 1990s but did not reach market. Another version was the 5E-XC. The 5ESS technology was transferred to the AT&T Network Systems division upon the breakup of the Bell System. The division was divested by AT&T as Lucent Technologies, and after becoming Alcatel-Lucent, it was acquired by Nokia. The 5ESS switch has three main types of modules: the Administrative Module (AM) contains the central computers; the Communications Module (CM) is the central time-divided switch of the system; and

neg: Reading Works manufacturing units made them suppliers rather than competitors, opening up new markets to Lucent and to the Reading Works. At the same time it caused the anxiety that comes with change. On October 1, 1996, Lucent Technologies became independent of AT&T. The Reading Works became Lucent Technologies Reading Facility. It employed 2,177 people, down considerably from 4,900 in 1985. By the end of 1997, the Reading Facility workforce had declined and remained stable at 2,000. By the end of 1998, the Reading Facility workforce had rebounded to 2,177. In 1999 a pickup in Lightwave business caused expansion of both the

neg: Alcatel-Lucent and in 1990 it purchased the remainder of the Philips' holding. In 1998, Alcatel Alsthom shifted its focus to the telecommunications industry, spinning off its Alsthom activities and changing the company's name to Alcatel. AT&T spun off Lucent Technologies in April 1996 with an initial public offering (IPO). In April 2004, TCL Corporation and Alcatel announced the creation of a mobile phone manufacturing joint venture: Alcatel Mobile Phones. A year later Alcatel sold its share in the joint venture but licensed the Alcatel brand name to TCL, which continues to this day under Nokia. Facing intense competition in the telecommunications

neg: AT&T Computer Systems to cancel all further development of AT&T-CS systems, though some refused to allow this for a few years, and backlash from AT&T Network Systems (later to be spun off as Lucent Technologies) precipitated a purge of NCR upper management by the AT&T Board. NCR had just developed and suddenly canceled its Motorola 88000-based systems, and then started the NCR 3000 series, developed using Intel x86 microprocessors. The AT&T StarServer E could still beat the comparably equipped NCR 3450 by 11% in the TPC Benchmark B test, and some of the SSE's 7 patented innovations were then adapted and retrofitted into

neg: AT&T Labs Neil Sloane. Researchers at AT&T Labs have successfully transmitted 100 Gigabits per second over a single optical link. In 2009, AT&T researchers led the winning team in the Netflix Prize competition. AT&T Laboratories, Inc., known informally as AT&T Labs, was founded in 1996, as a result of the split of AT&T Bell Laboratories into separate R&D organizations supporting AT&T Corporation and Lucent Technologies. Lucent retained the name Bell Labs and AT&T adopted the name AT&T Laboratories for its R&D organization. AT&T Labs also traces its origin to Southwestern Bell Technology Resources, Inc. (SWB TRI) which was founded in 1988 as

neg: AT&T Computer Systems telecom equipment business which would later be named Lucent Technologies. On December 15, the former AT&T-CS operations were shut down, signaling the end of AT&T's involvement in designing computer systems. 3 AT&T-CS employees went into the new NCR, 25 stayed with AT&T, and the rest (about 200) went to Lucent. Many former AT&T Computer Systems employees have been employed by Schaumburg, IL based Motorola. AT&T Computer Systems AT&T Computer Systems is the generic name for American Telephone & Telegraph's unsuccessful attempt to compete in the computer business. In return for divesting the local Bell Operating Companies (Baby Bells), AT&T was

neg: Breinigsville, Pennsylvania when the Parkland School District was formed. In 1987, AT&T acquired around 137 acres in Breinigsville which became to be known as TEK Park Campus. The facility became Bell Labs' world headquarters for optoelectronics research. In the late '90s, the center was spun off as Lucent Technologies. In 2002, it was spun off again as Agere Systems. In 2003, the park was sold to TriQuint Semiconductor. In 2012, TEK Park was sold to MRA Group for $50 million. As of the 2010 census, Breinigsville consists of 51.11% females and 48.89% male. The population is made of 79.92% White Non-Hispanic, 5.24%

neg: Alcatel-Lucent v. Microsoft Corp. The jury found that Lucent did not infringe Microsoft's patents (and one patent was invalid) and that Microsoft's Xbox did not infringe Lucent's patent. In November 2008, Microsoft and Alcatel-Lucent announced they had agreed to settle of most of the patent litigation between the companies. The case on appeal regarding user interfaces, in which Alcatel-Lucent was awarded $512 million, was excluded from this settlement agreement. Alcatel-Lucent v. Microsoft Corp. Lucent Technologies Inc. v. Gateway Inc. 470 F.Supp.2d 1180 (S.D.Cal.,2007) is a patent infringement case between Alcatel-Lucent and Microsoft litigated in the United States District Court for the Southern District of

neg: Plan 9 from Bell Labs costing $350, AT&T targeted the embedded systems market rather than the computer market at large; Ritchie commented that the developers did not expect to do "much displacement" given how established other operating systems had become. By early 1996, the Plan 9 project had been "put on the back burner" by AT&T in favor of Inferno, intended to be a rival to Sun Microsystems' Java platform. In the late 1990s, Bell Labs' new owner Lucent Technologies dropped commercial support for the project and in 2000, a third release was distributed under an open-source license. A fourth release under a new free

neg: Bell Labs operating system Inferno, an update of Plan 9, was created by Dennis Ritchie with others, using the then-new concurrent programming language Limbo. A high performance database engine (Dali) was developed which became DataBlitz in its product form. In 1996, AT&T spun off Bell Laboratories, along with most of its equipment manufacturing business, into a new company named Lucent Technologies. AT&T retained a small number of researchers who made up the staff of the newly created AT&T Labs. In 1997, the smallest then-practical transistor (60 nanometers, 182 atoms wide) was built. In 1998, the first optical router was invented. 2000 was

neg: State secrets privilege assertion of the state secrets privilege, by the government, resulted in case dismissal. The privilege was invoked in the United States Court of Appeals for the Federal Circuit case of "Crater Corporation vs. Lucent Technologies Inc." and AT&T Company, ("Crater Corp. v. Lucent Technologies", September 7, 2005). Crater was prevented from proceeding with discovery in its patent infringement case (U.S. Patent No. 5,286,129) by the United States' assertion that discovery could cause "extremely grave damage to national security". The infringement case centered on wet-mate underwater fiber optic coupling devices beneath the sea. On May 26, 2006, the U.S. Justice Department

neg: Kathryn Bullock many different types of batteries including electric vehicle batteries. Bullock filed a number of patents on methods for improving battery design, production and performance. In 1991, she was invited to lead a battery development group at AT&T Bell Labs (later Lucent). Her work on the development of batteries has led to improved designs which have been licensed and used all over the world. With AT&T Bell Labs's Power Systems Business Unit, she received the Deming Prize of the Japanese Union of Scientists and Engineers in 1994. In 1996, AT&T Bell Labs became Lucent Technologies, and Bullock joined Medtronic, Inc. to

neg: Alcatel-Lucent v. Microsoft Corp. dispute between Microsoft and Lucent (and later Alcatel-Lucent) began in 2003 when Lucent Technologies (merged with Alcatel in 2006) filed suit against Gateway and Dell in U.S. District Court, San Diego, California. Lucent claimed in this first San Diego case that Dell and Gateway had violated patents on MP3-related technologies developed by Bell Labs, a division of predecessor company American Telephone & Telegraph. Other patents said to be infringed relate to MPEG video technology, speech technology, internet technology, and other technologies. Microsoft voluntarily joined the lawsuit in April 2003 and Alcatel was added after it acquired Lucent. After the first

neg: Agere Systems made a significant breakthrough in its own, heretofore undisclosed research program, and no longer needed Agere's technology. Agere Systems Agere Systems Inc. was an integrated circuit components company based in Allentown, Pennsylvania, USA. Spun out of Lucent Technologies in 2002, Agere was merged into LSI Corporation in 2007. LSI was in turn acquired by Avago Technologies in 2014. Agere was incorporated on August 1, 2000 as a subsidiary of Lucent Technologies and then spun off on June 1, 2002. The name "Agere" was that of a Texas-based electronics company that Lucent had acquired in 2000, although the pronunciations of the

neg: Agere Systems Agere Systems Agere Systems Inc. was an integrated circuit components company based in Allentown, Pennsylvania, USA. Spun out of Lucent Technologies in 2002, Agere was merged into LSI Corporation in 2007. LSI was in turn acquired by Avago Technologies in 2014. Agere was incorporated on August 1, 2000 as a subsidiary of Lucent Technologies and then spun off on June 1, 2002. The name "Agere" was that of a Texas-based electronics company that Lucent had acquired in 2000, although the pronunciations of the company names are different. The Texas company was pronounced with three syllables and a hard "g": .

neg: Rajit Gadh ALCOA Science Support Scholar from ALCOA Foundation in 1993 & 1994, Research Initiation Award from the National Science Foundation (NSF) in 1994, Early CAREER Award from NSF in 1995, Research Initiation Award from the Engineering Foundation in 1994, Lucent Industrial Ecology Fellow from AT&T in 1996, Lucent Industrial Ecology Award from NSF in 1997, and the William Mong Visiting Research Fellowship in Engineering from the University of Hong Kong in 2008. In 2013, along with several UCLA SMERC team members, he also received the Best Paper (Bronze) award at the 2013 IEEE International Conference on RFID Technologies and Applications. He

neg: North Andover, Massachusetts as well as the Western Electric Company, AT&T's manufacturing division, which supplied telephone machinery for many years before it was split up by AT&T into the new company, Lucent Technologies. Today North Andover is considered a bedroom community of the greater Boston area. In January 2018, voters turned down a proposal for a cannabis-growing and research facility in the former Lucent Technologies building, along the Merrimack River. The town meeting vote was 1,430 against having recreational marijuana facilities and 1,155 voted in favor. The growing and research facility would have brought the town $100 million over a 20-year period. According

neg: Oryx/Pecos in commercial operating systems are not found in Oryx/Pecos. Such features include: There is one historical link between Oryx/Pecos and Unix: the authors of the above article proposed as a future development the implementation of a UNIX execution environment on top of Oryx/Pecos, and in fact, such a project was undertaken at Denver. However, that project never became an official product of AT&T or Lucent, even though it was completed successfully and introduced internally with the "Eli" version of Oryx/Pecos (5th release, or "E" release). Persons working in large office environments and using AT&T, Lucent Technologies, or Avaya-branded telephones are

neg: Number One Electronic Switching System AT&T's legacy Southwestern Bell states, especially in the Atlanta GA metro area, the Saint Louis MO metro area, and in the Dallas/Fort Worth TX metro area. In 2015, AT&T did not renew a support contract with Alcatel-Lucent (now Nokia) for the 1AESS systems still in operation and notified Alcatel-Lucent of its intent to remove them all from service by 2017. As a result, Alcatel-Lucent dismantled the last 1AESS lab at the Naperville Bell Labs location in 2015, and announced the discontinuation of support for the 1AESS. In 2017, AT&T completed the removal of remaining 1AESS systems by moving customers to

neg: Henry Schacht York. Henry Schacht Henry Schacht (born 1933/34) is an American businessman, a former chairman and chief executive officer of Cummins Diesel (1973–1994), and later CEO of Lucent Technologies. Previously he was on the boards of CBS, Chase Manhattan, and Alcoa. He assumed the Lucent CEO role in a transitory capacity upon Lucent's spinoff from AT&T Corporation, and served from 1995 to 1997. Mr. Schacht was brought back in 2001 to replace Richard McGinn, who had served as Lucent's CEO during the intervening years. He is currently the managing director and senior advisor of the private equity firm Warburg Pincus LLC

neg: Henry Schacht Henry Schacht Henry Schacht (born 1933/34) is an American businessman, a former chairman and chief executive officer of Cummins Diesel (1973–1994), and later CEO of Lucent Technologies. Previously he was on the boards of CBS, Chase Manhattan, and Alcoa. He assumed the Lucent CEO role in a transitory capacity upon Lucent's spinoff from AT&T Corporation, and served from 1995 to 1997. Mr. Schacht was brought back in 2001 to replace Richard McGinn, who had served as Lucent's CEO during the intervening years. He is currently the managing director and senior advisor of the private equity firm Warburg Pincus LLC New

neg: Cabletron Systems Group, which is owned by Alec Gores. In 2008, The Gores Group acquired a controlling interest in Siemens Enterprise Communications and merged the acquired company with Enterasys, pledging with Siemens to invest up to €350M in the new entity. 2. Riverstone Networks of Santa Clara, California, which was based on the assets of YAGO Systems, a company acquired by Cabletron as an attempt to move into the Switched Ethernet business. Riverstone Networks was the only actual spin-off of Cabletron's reorganization, and it was later acquired by Lucent Technologies, which in turn subsequently merged with Alcatel Networks. This final merger resulted

neg: Inferno (operating system) AT&T licensed Java technology from Sun Microsystems. In March–April 1997 IEEE Internet Computing included an advertisement for Inferno networking software. It claimed that various devices could communicate over "any network" including the Internet, telecommunications and LANs. The advertisement stated that video games could talk to computers,–a PlayStation was pictured–cell phones could access email and voice mail was available via TV. Lucent used Inferno in at least two internal products: the Lucent VPN Firewall Brick, and the Lucent Pathstar phone switch. They initially tried to sell source code licenses of Inferno but found few buyers. Lucent did little marketing and missed

neg: Truevision TGA images, such as icons, cartoons and line drawings. The TGA file format was originally defined and specified by AT&T EPICenter with feedback from Island Graphics Inc in 1984. AT&T EPICenter was an internal spin-off of AT&T created to market new technologies AT&T had developed for color frame buffers. What later became Truevision was the result of a leveraged employee buyout from AT&T in 1987. EPICenter's first two cards, the VDA (video display adapter) and ICB (image capture board), used the first incarnations of the TGA file format. The file extensions ".vda" and ".icb" implied information about the board specific data

neg: Wi-Fi Alliance had no provision for testing equipment for compliance with its standards. In 1999, pioneers of a new, higher speed variant, endorsed the IEEE 802.11b specification to form the Wireless Ethernet Compatibility Alliance (WECA) and branded the new technology Wi-Fi. The group of companies included 3Com, Aironet (acquired by Cisco), Harris Semiconductor (now Intersil), Lucent (was Alcatel-Lucent, then acquired by Nokia), Nokia and Symbol Technologies (now Zebra Technologies). As key sponsors, the alliance lists Apple, Comcast, Samsung, Sony, LG, Intel, Dell, Broadcom, Cisco, Qualcomm, Motorola, Microsoft, Texas Instruments, and T-Mobile. The charter for this independent organization was to perform testing, certify

neg: Breakup of the Bell System case, but no longer directly received Western Electric equipment, and were no longer bound to use AT&T as their long distance provider. These companies were: The breakup led to a surge of competition in the long distance telecommunications market by companies such as Sprint and MCI. AT&T's gambit in exchange for its divestiture, AT&T Computer Systems, failed, and after spinning off its manufacturing operations (most notably Western Electric, which became Lucent, then Alcatel-Lucent, now Nokia) and other misguided acquisitions such as NCR and AT&T Broadband, it was left with only its core business with roots as AT&T Long Lines and

neg: Voicemail Octel's voicemail system, was introduced in 1984, included unique system features, many of which were patented, which gave Octel market leadership. In 1990 Octel was one of the first companies to introduce the concept of "Unified Messaging". AT&T/Lucent created its version of voicemail in the early 1990s (called Audix) but it would only work on AT&T/Lucent PBXs. Northern Telecom|Nortel developed Meridian Mail and followed the same strategy as AT&T in that Meridian Mail only worked with Northern Telecom PBXs. As a result, neither company achieved much market share with large national or multi-national accounts. AT&T spun off its equipment business

neg: Frame Relay telecommunication companies' policies. Some of the early companies to make Frame Relay products included StrataCom (later acquired by Cisco Systems) and Cascade Communications (later acquired by Ascend Communications and then by Lucent Technologies). As of June 2007, AT&T Inc. was the largest Frame Relay service provider in the USA, with local networks in 22 states, plus national and international networks. When multiplexing packet data from different virtual circuits or flows, quality of service concerns often arise. This is because a frame from one virtual circuit may occupy the line for a long enough period of time to disrupt a service

neg: Cees Links Cees Links Cees Links (born 1957) is a Dutch entrepreneur and the founder and CEO of GreenPeak Technologies, a fabless semiconductor company for smart home and Internet of things (IoT) applications. Upon graduation from the University of Twente in 1982, Links started his career at NCR Corporation. As product manager, he was responsible for the first concept development and launch of the world’s first wireless LAN product in 1990, WaveLAN, a major innovation at that time. Throughout several acquisitions and divestitures (NCR, AT&T, Lucent Technologies and Agere Systems), Links continued his work in the wireless LAN area, which he turned

neg: Kenan Sahin his outreach activities while at MIT. The company grew to become a world leader in telecommunications software, creating nearly 1,000 professional jobs. Dr. Sahin was named the Ernst & Young New England Entrepreneur of the Year in 1998. In 1999, Dr. Sahin sold Kenan Systems to Lucent Technologies/Bell Laboratories for $1.5 billion in a stock swap when the Lucent stock was trading at $50 a share. Subsequent to the sale, accepting a two-year offer from Lucent/Bell Labs, he became Vice President of Software Technology at Bell Labs, a member of the managing group of Bell Labs and then the President

neg: InetSoft founding InetSoft, Larry Liang, was involved in the early research of e-commerce and interactive Web technologies and served as a research scientist at Bell Communications Research (now Telcordia Technologies), and held various technical positions at Bell Labs, AT&T, and Lucent Technologies. Luke Liang had worked for Goldman Sachs in a variety of technology and management positions and held consulting positions with both JP Morgan, Chase and the Union Bank of Switzerland. Both hold master's degrees in Computer Science. The company began with four employees working out of a garage in Piscataway, New Jersey, and focused on developing an open standards

neg: Malmesbury continued production after the war, was taken over by Pye TMC and then Philips, and later became part of AT&T. The site was in use as offices until 2004 when the owners, Lucent Technologies, moved their operations to Swindon. Malmesbury has a thriving carnival, which takes place in the last two weeks of August, with the finale procession through the town held on the first Saturday in September. It has grown in recent years to now include more than 30 events, ranging from music events to an attempt on the world record for the largest pillow fight. The world music

neg: Corporate spin-off old environment and help them grow in a new environment. Spin-offs also allow high-growth divisions, once separated from other low-growth divisions, to command higher valuation multiples. In most cases, the parent company or organization offers support doing one or more of the following: All the support from the parent company is provided with the explicit purpose of helping the spin-off grow. The United States Securities and Exchange Commission's definition of "spin-off" is more precise. Spin-offs occur when the equity owners of the parent company receive equity stakes in the newly spun off company. For example, when Agilent Technologies was spun

neg: Alcatel-Lucent v. Microsoft Corp. San Diego lawsuit was filed, Microsoft and Lucent have filed additional patent lawsuits against each other. In February 2007, Microsoft filed a lawsuit at the International Trade Commission claiming that Alcatel-Lucent infringed its patents. There is a second case in San Diego where Microsoft is asserting that Alcatel-Lucent infringes 10 of its patents, and yet another case in Texas where each alleges that the other is infringing its patents. In the first San Diego case, Alcatel-Lucent claims ownership of several patents relating to MP3 and MPEG encoding and compression technologies, as well as other technologies. The patents were obtained as

neg: Versit Consortium Encyclopedia was built on existing technologies and specifications such as ECMA's call control specifications, TSAPI and industry expertise of the core technical team. The volumes are: Appendices include: The core Versit CTI Encyclopedia technical team was composed of David H. Anderson and Marcus W. Fath from IBM, Frédéric Artru and Michael Bayer from Apple Computer, James L. Knight and Steven Rummel from AT&T (then Lucent Technologies), Tom Miller from Siemens, and consultants Ellen Feaheny and Charles Hudson. Upon completion, the Versit CTI Encyclopedia was transferred to the ECTF and has been adopted in the form of ECTF C.001. This model

neg: Cees Links by Cambridge Press and explaining Cees' role in the development of Wi-Fi. Cees Links Cees Links (born 1957) is a Dutch entrepreneur and the founder and CEO of GreenPeak Technologies, a fabless semiconductor company for smart home and Internet of things (IoT) applications. Upon graduation from the University of Twente in 1982, Links started his career at NCR Corporation. As product manager, he was responsible for the first concept development and launch of the world’s first wireless LAN product in 1990, WaveLAN, a major innovation at that time. Throughout several acquisitions and divestitures (NCR, AT&T, Lucent Technologies and Agere Systems),

neg: Ascend Communications century. In August 1998 Ascend bought Stratus Computers for $822 million in stock. Stratus was primarily a maker of fault-tolerant computer systems but it owned a Service Control Point technology critical to the convergence of voice and data networks that Ascend valued. The server business was sold off to private equity investors within months, following the Lucent deal. It now operates as Stratus Technologies. The complete product suite made Ascend an attractive asset, and was acquired by Lucent Technologies in 1999. The $24 billion merger was the largest technology merger in history up to that time. Ascend's stock traded under

neg: Ted Dangelmayer recipient of the Outstanding Contributor Award. Past responsibilities with the Association include President in 1988 and 1989, Standards Chairman in 1986 and 1987, General Chairman of the 1990 EOS/ESD Symposium and Chairman of the 1991 Symposium Board of Directors. Ted retired from Lucent Technologies in 2001 as a Consulting Member of the Technical Staff. Under Ted's leadership, Lucent Technologies - North Andover, MA, was the first site in the USA to become S20.20 certified. At the time, the Lucent site had of floor space and 12,000 employees. He then became Director of Technology and Program Design for the Professional Services

neg: Barry Dugan Barry Dugan Barry Dugan is an American Democratic Party politician who served as a member of the Hudson County New Jersey Board of Chosen Freeholders from 1999 to 2005. He was elected by the Freeholder Board to serve as Vice-Chairman for the year 2004. He currently serves as Director of Veterans' Affairs for Hudson County. The two-term freeholder spent 22 years at Western Electric (now, Lucent Technologies) and 14 years at AT&T corporate headquarters (retired since 1989), where he administered an annual budget in excess of $1 billion and handled the financial portion of the anti-trust cases, AT&T vs. DOJ,

neg: OPEN LOOK to make applications GUI independent, developed the awkwardly named MoOLIT (from Motif OPEN LOOK Intrinsics Toolkit), which kept the OLIT API, but allowed users to choose which GUI they wanted at run time. The source to MoOLIT was licensed by MJM Software, who ported it to several other Unix platforms. It was used for several years, almost exclusively by AT&T and Lucent Technologies, who wanted to give their existing OPEN LOOK applications a Motif look and feel. It was not widely used elsewhere. By June 1993, the major UNIX players, including AT&T and Sun, had decided that a truly unified

neg: François Barrault held senior management positions at Computervision, and Stratus Computer, who was acquired by Ascend Communications, in 1998, where he became Senior Vice President International, until the company got acquired by Lucent Technologies, Inc. in 1999. As a President and CEO of Lucent Technologies EMEA from 1999 to 2002 he successfully managed the integration of 38 companies acquired by Lucent. Barrault was also co-founder and Chairman of the Board of Astria, an e-commerce software supplier. In 2004 he was named CEO of BT Global Services and president of BT International, as well as a member of the BT Group Board and

neg: AT&T Merlin to 10 minutes and notify the user when the call was connected. Both the ASA and Busy Buster required a their own voice terminal port to function. In the early 1990s, the Merlin II and Merlin Legend debuted with even more features and expandability, and new MLX telephones, but the system was also backwards compatible with the original Merlin telephones. In 1999, Lucent Technologies introduced the Merlin Magix as the replacement for the Merlin Legend. The Magix's carrier was metal and, as such, modules were not encased inside plastic shells as they were with the Legend. The Merlin Magix supported

neg: Alcatel-Lucent Technologies filed suit against Gateway and Dell, claiming they had violated patents on MP3, MPEG and other technologies developed by Bell Labs, a division of predecessor company American Telephone & Telegraph. Microsoft voluntarily joined the lawsuit in April 2003, and Alcatel was added after it acquired Lucent. The first part of the case involved two audio coding patents that Alcatel-Lucent claimed were infringed by Microsoft's Windows Media Player application. Alcatel-Lucent won the trial and $1.52 billion in damages, but the judge granted Microsoft's motion for judgment and new trial. Alcatel-Lucent appealed. In the second part of the case, the judge

neg: Microsoft litigation Microsoft Word was also a subject of court case. On July 12, 2013, Microsoft is suing the U.S. Customs and Border Protection over Google phone ban. Homeland Security Secretary Janet Napolitano is also named in the lawsuit. Microsoft has also fought numerous legal battles against private companies. The most prominent ones are against: The dispute between Microsoft and Lucent (and later Alcatel-Lucent) began in 2003 when Lucent Technologies (acquired by Alcatel in 2006) filed suit against Gateway in the U.S. District Court for the Southern District of California in San Diego. Lucent also sued Dell in the U.S. District Court

neg: CSG International 1997, CSG co-founder George Haddix retired, and former EVP Jack Pogge was appointed President and Chief Operating Officer in his place. In 1999 CSG began constructing a new bill processing center in Florida in a deal with local government, which expanded roads and provided other incentives. In 2002, CSG acquired the billing software interests of Lucent Technologies for $260 million. The deal was estimated to increase CSG's revenues by 38 percent and its headcount by 65 percent. 200 Lucent employees were laid off as a result of the acquisition. An additional 100 - 150 CSG employees were laid off later

neg: 100 Gigabit Ethernet in the late 1990s, customer interest in 100 Gbit/s technologies was mostly driven by economic factors. The common reasons to adopt the higher speeds were: In November 2007, Alcatel-Lucent held the first field trial of 100 Gbit/s optical transmission. Completed over a live, in-service 504 kilometre portion of the Verizon network, it connected the Florida cities of Tampa and Miami. 100GbE interfaces for the 7450 ESS/7750 SR service routing platform were first announced in June 2009, with field trials with Verizon, T-Systems and Portugal Telecom taking place in June–September 2010. In September 2009, Alcatel-Lucent combined the 100G capabilities of its

neg: Pierre Wiltzius of Technology) in Zurich, Switzerland. There he earned the degree of Diplomphysiker as of 1976 and the degree of Doctor of Natural Science (DSc.N.) in 1981. His doctoral thesis "An investigation of the fibrinogen to fibrin transition by means of light scattering" was interdisciplinary, examining blood coagulation from viewpoints of both physics and medicine. He was a postdoctoral fellow in the Physics Department at UC Santa Barbara from 1982 to 1984. Wiltzius worked at AT&T Bell Laboratories (later Lucent Technologies) from 1984 to 2001, rising to the position of director of semiconductor physics research. As of 2001, Wiltzius became Director

neg: Cascade Communications was StrataCom, which was acquired by Cisco Systems in 1996 for US $4B. In 1997, Ascend Communications acquired Cascade Communications for US $3.7 Billion, to move into ATM and Frame Relay markets. Ascend was later acquired by Lucent Technologies in 1999 in one of the largest mergers in communications equipment history (US $24 Billion). The Cascade portion of Ascend's business was more interesting to Lucent than the modem termination business that comprised the rest of Ascend. Both Desh Deshpande and CEO Dan Smith profited handsomely from the acquisition, as did hundreds of Cascade employees. In addition, Cascade was notable for

neg: Lucent 2003 onward, meant that Lucent no longer had the capacity to serve this market. Lucent was reduced to 30,500 employees, down from about 165,000 employees at its zenith. The layoffs of so many experienced employees meant that the company was in a weakened position and unable to reestablish itself when the market recovered in 2003. By early 2003, Lucent's market value was $15.6 billion (which includes $6.8 billion of current value for two companies that Lucent had recently spun off, Avaya and Agere Systems), making the shares worth around $2.13, a far cry from its dotcom bubble peak of around

neg: Lucent and a big drop in profits. That caused the stock to plunge by 28%, shaving $64 billion off of the company's market capitalization. When it was later revealed that it had used dubious accounting and sales practices to generate some of its earlier quarterly numbers, Lucent fell from grace. It was said that "Rich McGinn couldn't accept Lucent's fall from its early triumphs." He described himself once as imposing "audacious" goals on his managers, believing the stretch for performance would produce dream results. Henry Schacht defended the corporate culture that McGinn created and also noted that McGinn did not sell

neg: CommScope July 2011, CommScope received the 2010 Communications Solutions Product of the Year Award from Technology Marketing Corporation for its product, Wired For Wireless. On August 2, 2013, CommScope filed with the SEC to raise up to $750 million in an initial public offering. The initial public offering and first public trading took place on October 25, 2013 at NASDAQ. On May 16, 2017, CommScope introduced a High Speed Migration platform. In 2004 the company acquired Avaya's Connectivity Solutions business. The Avaya business acquisition included the legacy intellectual property and patents from Western Electric, AT&T, Lucent Technologies and Avaya. In June

neg: QuakeCon DOOM2016 Battle of the BYOC 2v2 CA QuakeCon is primarily paid for by ZeniMax Media and fees paid by attendees in conjunction with the sponsorship of leading technology companies. Past sponsors of the event include Activision, nVidia, AMD, Aspyr, ASUS, Ventrilo, Apple, ATI Technologies, AT&T Inc., Alienware, Ageia, 1UP Network, FragArcade, Intel, D-Link, Logitech, Linksys, Spike TV, Newegg.com and Lucent Technologies. QuakeCon QuakeCon is a yearly convention held by ZeniMax Media to celebrate and promote the major franchises of id Software and other studios owned by ZeniMax. It includes a large, paid, bring-your-own-computer (BYOC) LAN party event with a competitive

neg: University Engineering College, Kota companies, however, other companies visit the campus. Some of the companies are Accenture, Tata Consultancy Services, Infosys Technologies, Tech Mahindra, L&T, Cummins Research and Technology India Limited, Vedanta, Impetus Technologies, Cognizant Technology Solutions, Technologies, IBM, Secure Meters etc., Chambal Fertilizers, Samtel Glass, Mahindra and Mahindra, Ambuja Cement, GMR Infra, Indian Army, Alcatel-Lucent and Indian Navy. Engineering College Kota Alumni Association (ECKAA) is a former students association of UCE. University Engineering College, Kota The University College of Engineering is an autonomous technical institute in Northern India. It houses the headquarters of Rajasthan Technical University and, hence, is referred as University Teaching

neg: Alcatel-Lucent v. Microsoft Corp. by virtue of its MP3 capabilities. Testimony was given by inventors James Johnston and Joseph Hall. Coincidentally, AT&T inventor James Johnston was employed by Microsoft post-AT&T breakup and during the trial. Additional testimony was taken from Dr. Karlheinz Brandenburg, who worked with Johnston at Bell Labs. On February 22, 2007, a San Diego jury found for Alcatel-Lucent and against Microsoft. Alcatel-Lucent was awarded a record-breaking $1.52 billion in damages. The damages could have been $4.5 billion but the jury was unable to decide if the infringement was "willful." Microsoft disputed the verdict, maintaining that the federal jury's decision was "unsupported

neg: Cloud computing term "cloud" was used to refer to platforms for distributed computing as early as 1993, when Apple spin-off General Magic and AT&T used it in describing their (paired) Telescript and PersonaLink technologies. In "Wired's" April 1994 feature "Bill and Andy's Excellent Adventure II", Andy Hertzfeld commented on Telescript, General Magic's distributed programming language: During the 1960s, the initial concepts of time-sharing became popularized via RJE (Remote Job Entry); this terminology was mostly associated with large vendors such as IBM and DEC. Full-time-sharing solutions were available by the early 1970s on such platforms as Multics (on GE hardware), Cambridge CTSS, and

neg: Alcatel-Lucent Alcatel-Lucent Alcatel-Lucent S.A. () was a French global telecommunications equipment company, headquartered in Boulogne-Billancourt, France. It was formed in 2006 by the merger of France-based Alcatel and U.S.-based Lucent, the latter being the successor of AT&T's Western Electric. The company focused on fixed, mobile and converged networking hardware, IP technologies, software and services, with operations in more than 130 countries. It had been named Industry Group Leader for Technology Hardware & Equipment sector in the 2014 Dow Jones Sustainability Indices review and listed in the 2014 Thomson Reuters Top 100 Global Innovators for the 4th consecutive year. Alcatel-Lucent also owned

neg: Oryx/Pecos Oryx/Pecos Oryx/Pecos is a proprietary operating system developed from scratch by Bell Labs beginning in 1978 for the express purpose of running AT&T's large-scale PBX switching equipment. The operating system was first used with AT&T's flagship "System 75", and until very recently, was used in all variations up through and including Definity G3 (Generic 3) switches, now manufactured by AT&T/Lucent Technologies spinoff Avaya. The last system based on Oryx/Pecos was the Avaya G3 CSI running release 13.1 Definity software. The formal end of sale was February 5, 2007. Although widely believed to be a Unix-like variant developed directly by Bell

neg: Sirius Satellite Radio early prototype receivers, were implemented in a FPGA logic and tested in the field to verify the performance of the receivers. This work was contracted by Sirius to Lucent Technologies, at the time a spinoff of AT&T. Early prototypes were followed by a number of generations of ASIC custom designed chipsets, supplied at first by Agere Systems and later supplied by Agere Systems and their competitor ST microelectronics. Three signals from three different sources (satellite, satellite, and terrestrial) are therefore combined in the receiver as radio signals, (not as audio signals). The three signals need to be combined constructively (avoiding

neg: Jonathan Rosenberg (SIP author) he remains the 8th most prolific author of internet standards. Rosenberg has worked in the VOIP field for over 20 years to date. He began working at Lucent Technologies in March of 1993 as a Member of the Technical Staff. There, he led a small SIP research lab, acted as a team lead for DSP work, and conducted research in areas of wide area service discovery. It was during his time at Lucent that he received his PhD from Columbia University. In October of 1999, Rosenberg left Lucent to serve as the chief technology officer of dynamicsoft. At dynamicsoft, Rosenberg

neg: TPG Capital team, improving aircraft utilization and focusing on lucrative routes. By 1998, TPG had generated an annual internal rate of return of 55% on its investment. In 1997, TPG completed fundraising for its second private equity fund, securing over $2.5 billion of investor commitments. In June 1996, TPG acquired the AT&T Paradyne unit, a multimedia communications business, from Lucent Technologies for $175 million. Also in 1996, TPG invested in Beringer Wine, Ducati Motorcycles and Del Monte Foods. TPG's most notable 1997 investment was its takeover of the retailer J. Crew, acquiring an 88% stake for approximately $500 million. However, the investment

neg: Payam Heydari Payam Heydari Payam Heydari () is an Iranian-American Professor who is noted for his contribution to the field of radio-frequency and millimeter-wave integrated circuits. Heydari attended Sharif University of Technology in Tehran and received his B.S. and M.S. degrees in Electrical Engineering in 1992 and 1995, respectively. He obtained his Ph.D. degree from the University of Southern California in 2001. In 1997, he worked at Bell-labs, Lucent Technologies on noise analysis in high-speed CMOS integrated circuits fields. In 1998 he worked at IBM T. J. Watson Research Center on gradient-based optimization and sensitivity analysis of custom analog/RF ICs. Heydari is

neg: Murad Meneshian has been a regular contributor to the "Armenian Weekly". His book "Raffi: the prophet from Payajuk" has been awarded Book of the Week by the Armenian Weekly. Murad Meneshian Murad Meneshian is a research chemist, journalist, translator, and researcher. Of Armenian descent, Meneshian is a research chemist who has worked for Abbott Laboratories, Zenith corporation, and Bell Laboratories at AT&T/Lucent technologies, where he received a patent. His articles have been published in the "Proceedings of the Third International Symposium on Very Large Scale Integration Science and Technology". He has engaged in many studies of Armenia and Mesopotamia. He has translated

neg: Murad Meneshian Murad Meneshian Murad Meneshian is a research chemist, journalist, translator, and researcher. Of Armenian descent, Meneshian is a research chemist who has worked for Abbott Laboratories, Zenith corporation, and Bell Laboratories at AT&T/Lucent technologies, where he received a patent. His articles have been published in the "Proceedings of the Third International Symposium on Very Large Scale Integration Science and Technology". He has engaged in many studies of Armenia and Mesopotamia. He has translated from Armenian to English Vaham Hampartsumian's Guighashkharh and is engaged in a study of the life and works of famed Armenian writer Raffi. For many years he

neg: Christopher A. Padilla as Chief of Staff and Senior Advisor to Deputy Secretary of State Robert B. Zoellick, with a particular focus on U.S.-China policy, Latin America, Sudan, and international economic matters. From 2002 to 2005, Padilla was Assistant U.S. Trade Representative for Intergovernmental Affairs and Public Liaison, and he was heavily involved in building support for the Central American Free Trade Agreement, the U.S.-Australia Free Trade Agreement, and several other trade agreements and initiatives. Before working for the American government, Under Secretary Padilla held several international positions at AT&T and Lucent Technologies, including marketing, business development, and government affairs. Later, he was

neg: NAF (non-profit organization) theme was launched with the opening of two pilot Academies, one in Miami, Florida and another in Richmond Hill, New York, with support from the American Express Foundation. In 2000 NAF piloted a third theme, opening Academies of Information Technology in 12 high schools across the country with support from Lucent, AT&T Corporation, United Technologies, GTE/Verizon, Oracle, Computer Associates and Compaq. In 2002, the first set of Career Academies outside the US were set up in the United Kingdom by Career Academies UK, affiliated with NAF. In 2007 NAF launched its fourth academy theme, the Academy of Engineering as a

neg: LEVEL Studios resulting in multi-year relationship with both companies. In 1996, Lucent Technologies (spun out of AT&T) had WA do their first corporate website and an online CMS (1997) for all domestic and international sales offices. Tom Adamski led the agency as CEO from 2002 until 2012. With an increased demand from Silicon Valley clients, the agency opened a second office in San Jose in 2007. In 2008, as part of a repositioning strategy to better communicate the company’s status as an independent, full-service digital agency, Web Associates rebranded as LEVEL Studios (LEVEL). On November 20, 2014 Daniel Connolly was named the

neg: Veronique Renard She also functioned as the administrator of Industrial Development Research Council (IDRC) Europe. In 1994 Renard left the company in order to concentrate on her academic studies. She attained a Ph.D. in Dutch Literature in 1997. In 1997 Renard started working as an office manager for Lucent Technologies. Five months later, Renard was informed by one of her colleagues that there were rumours within the organisation regarding Renard’s alleged transsexualism and upcoming lay-off. Renard threatened Lucent to take them to court, accusing them of discrimination. The dispute was settled out of court. Renard’s last employment started in January 1999 as

neg: Voicemail Division. By 2000, some estimate that there were over 150,000,000 active users of corporate and carrier voicemail made by the Octel Messaging Division. Shortly thereafter, Lucent spun off its corporate business, including the Octel Messaging Division, into a company known as Avaya. Boston Technology, uReach Technologies and Comverse Technology all entered the carrier market in the early 1990s. Boston was eventually acquired by Comverse, making it the second largest supplier to carriers after Octel. However, in a few years Comverse became the largest supplier to carriers with Lucent/Octel holding its leadership in the corporate market and second place with carriers.

neg: Baikal CPU on the Imagination Technologies blog that a desktop PC called the "Tavolga Terminal", also known as the "Meadowsweet Terminal" PC is available to order from T-Platforms. The computer is based on the "Baikal-T1" CPU, SM750 Graphics processing unit and the Debian Linux operating system. Baikal CPU Baikal CPU is a line of MIPS and ARM-based microprocessors developed by fabless design firm "Baikal Electronics", a spin-off of the Russian supercomputer company T-Platforms. Judging by the information available from online sources "Baikal Electronics" have selected a different approach compared to other Russian microprocessor initiatives such as the Elbrus-2SM, Elbrus-8S by MCST, and

neg: Stratus Technologies their product. The company's traditional markets have been financial services companies such as banks and stock exchanges. Beginning in the 1990s, the company moved into the telecommunications industry, particularly in the area of network management and custom services, with the result that its telecommunications revenues surpassed those from enterprise computing. This led to a buyout of the company by Ascend Communications in 1998 (later acquired by Lucent Technologies). The enterprise server portion of the business was of little interest to Ascend and that portion was spun off in a management buyout in 1999, with funding from international investment firm, Investcorp.

neg: University spin-off University spin-off University spin-offs transform technological inventions developed from university research that are likely to remain unexploited otherwise. As such, university/academic spin-offs are a subcategory of research spin-offs. Prominent examples of university spin-offs are Genentech, Crucell, Lycos and Plastic Logic. In most countries, universities can claim the intellectual property (IP) rights on technologies developed in their laboratories. In the United States, the Bayh–Dole Act permits universities to pursue ownership of inventions made by researchers at their institutions using funding from the federal government, where previously federal research funding contracts and grants obligated inventors (wherever they worked) to assign the resulting

neg: Spectrum Technologies Spectrum opened its Hong Kong based sales and service office to support the Asia Pacific market. Republic of South Africa, Egypt, Nigeria, EACU. Spectrum Technologies Spectrum Technologies PLC is a British company, based in Bridgend, Wales, which designs and manufactures specialised industrial laser systems. The company was established in 1989 as a wholly owned subsidiary of British Aerospace (now BAE Systems) as a spin-off from BAE’s corporate research and development centre in Bristol to undertake the commercialisation of laser technology derived from BAE’s R&D programmes which did not fit with the business of its main operating divisions. The company’s first

neg: Spectrum Technologies Spectrum Technologies Spectrum Technologies PLC is a British company, based in Bridgend, Wales, which designs and manufactures specialised industrial laser systems. The company was established in 1989 as a wholly owned subsidiary of British Aerospace (now BAE Systems) as a spin-off from BAE’s corporate research and development centre in Bristol to undertake the commercialisation of laser technology derived from BAE’s R&D programmes which did not fit with the business of its main operating divisions. The company’s first product introduction was the CAPRIS line of laser wire marking and processing systems, based on the ultraviolet laser wire marking process originally developed

neg: Marlborough, Massachusetts About 4.7% of families and 6.8% of the population were below the poverty line, including 8.9% of those under age 18 and 10.3% of those age 65 or over. Marlborough is home to numerous businesses, stores and restaurants. Companies from a wide variety of industries with a significant presence in Marlborough include TJX, Raytheon, Hewlett-Packard, AMD, Navilyst Medical, Netezza, Boston Scientific, Sunovion (formerly Sepracor), AT&T, Apple Inc., Egenera, Evergreen Solar, Fidelity Investments, Quest Diagnostics, Lucent Technologies, VCE, Cavium, NAPA Auto Parts and the many other businesses large and small that provide the strong business community in the city. The Marlborough

neg: Alcatel-Lucent industry, Alcatel and Lucent Technologies merged on November 30, 2006. On April 5, 2006, Alcatel announced that it would swap its shares of Alcatel Alenia Space and Telespazio for €673 million and a 12.1% stake in Thales, a key player in the French defense industry. This increased Alcatel's stake in Thales to 20.8%. Alcatel-Lucent acquired Nortel's UMTS radio access business at the end of 2006. During 2007 the company acquired Canadian metro WDM networking supplier Tropic Networks, Inc.; enterprise services gateway products developer NetDevices; IPTV software company Tamblin; and the telecommunications consulting practice Thompson Advisory Group, Inc. Alcatel-Lucent acquired Motive,

neg: Speech interface guideline (customers). The goal of the guideline is to make an automated transaction at least as attractive and efficient as interacting with an attendant. The following guideline is given by the Lucent Technologies (now Alcatel-Lucent USA) CONVERSANT System Version 6.0 Application Design Guidelines Speech interface guideline Speech interface guideline is a guideline with the aim for guiding decisions and criteria regarding designing interfaces operated by human voice. Speech interface system has many advantages such as consistent service and saving cost. However, for users, listening is a difficult task. It can become impossible when too many options are provided at once. This

neg: Alcatel-Lucent Enterprise Alcatel-Lucent Enterprise ALE International, SAS, operating as Alcatel-Lucent Enterprise, is a French company headquartered in Colombes, France, providing enterprise communication services. Jack Chen has served as CEO since April 2016. It was originally a division of Compagnie Générale d'Electricité, later known as Alcatel and then as Alcatel-Lucent. Alcatel-Lucent spun-off the division on 1 October 2014 to Chinese company China Huaxin, who bought 85% of the shares for 202 million euros (US$254 million), with Alcatel-Lucent keeping a small 15% share. ALE International continued to use the Alcatel-Lucent brand name, which is now licensed from Nokia who purchased Alcatel-Lucent in 2015. At

neg: Robert Cohn Robert Cohn Robert Cohn is an entrepreneur and businessman known for founding Octel Communications, the company that commercialized voice mail and was largely responsible for making it ubiquitous on cell phones, in companies and on residential phones. In 1982, Cohn founded Octel Communications Corporation. He served as Chairman and CEO of Octel from its inception in 1982 until the company was purchased by Lucent Technologies in 1997. He then served as an Executive Vice President of Lucent Technologies, Inc. and retired April 30, 1999. From 2002 to 2004, Cohn was a partner with Sequoia Capital. He currently mentors and advises

neg: NCR Corporation three years, AT&T was the former NCR's largest customer, accounting for over $1.5 billion in revenue. On February 15, 1995, the company sold its microelectronics division and storage systems division to Hyundai which named it Symbios Logic. At the time it was the largest purchase of an American company by a Korean company. For a while, starting in 1994, the subsidiary was renamed AT&T Global Information Solutions, but in 1995, AT&T decided to spin off the company, and in 1996, changed its name back to NCR in preparation for the spin-off. The company outlined its reasons for the spin-off in

neg: Lucent price had bottomed at 55 cents per share. Patricia Russo, formerly Lucent's EVP of the Corporate Office who then left for Eastman Kodak to serve as COO, was named permanent Chairman and CEO of Lucent in 2002, succeeding Schacht who remained on the Board of Directors. In April 2000, Lucent sold its Consumer Products unit to VTech and Consumer Phone Services. In October 2000, Lucent spun off its Business Systems arm into Avaya, Inc., and in June 2002, it spun off its microelectronics division into Agere Systems. The spinoffs of enterprise networking and wireless, the industry's key growth businesses from

neg: Lucent Public License is ok to use and improve Plan 9 under this license.” The clause in particular that causes it to be incompatible with the GNU GPL is "This Agreement is governed by the laws of the State of New York and the intellectual property laws of the United States of America." Lucent Public License The Lucent Public License is an open-source license created by Lucent Technologies. It has been released in two versions: Version 1.0 and 1.02. While the Lucent Public License is not one of the more popular open-source licenses, a number of products have been released under it. It

neg: Lucent Public License Lucent Public License The Lucent Public License is an open-source license created by Lucent Technologies. It has been released in two versions: Version 1.0 and 1.02. While the Lucent Public License is not one of the more popular open-source licenses, a number of products have been released under it. It has been approved by the Open Source Initiative. The Free Software Foundation states: “This is a free software license, but it is incompatible with the GNU GPL because of its choice of law clause. We recommend that you not use this license for new software that you write, but it