query: what does jct stand for in building contracts

pos: Joint Contracts Tribunal Joint Contracts Tribunal The Joint Contracts Tribunal, also known as the JCT, produces standard forms of contract for construction, guidance notes and other standard documentation for use in the construction industry. From its establishment in 1931, JCT has expanded the number of contributing organisations. Following recommendations in the 1994 Latham Report, the current operational structure comprises seven members who approve and authorise publications. In 1998 the JCT became a limited company. The members were listed by the JCT in 2014 as: The Joint Contracts Tribunal was established in the 1930s by the Royal Institute of British Architects (RIBA) and the

pos: Joint Contracts Tribunal NFBTE (later the Construction Confederation) and at the same time began to assist the Joint Secretaries of the JCT, later succeeding Howard Close as NFBTE Joint Secretary before being appointed the first Secretary-General of the restructured Joint Contracts Tribunal Limited in 1998, retiring from JCT at the end of 1999. He died suddenly in 2001. Speakers and their papers have been: Joint Contracts Tribunal The Joint Contracts Tribunal, also known as the JCT, produces standard forms of contract for construction, guidance notes and other standard documentation for use in the construction industry. From its establishment in 1931, JCT has expanded

pos: Joint Contracts Tribunal In 2012 the publication was announced of "JCT Contracts discovery: the education and learning module from the Joint Contracts Tribunal". This was described as an education and learning module for education and training providers, in-house training teams and independent tutors, providing materials for a comprehensive understanding of JCT contracts and JCT contractual procedures and looking at the roles of contractors, employers, sub-contractors and contract administrators and how JCT provisions deal with matters such as payment, control of the works and control of time. Suite of Standard Forms means a group of all the mutually consistent documents necessary to operate a

pos: NEC Engineering and Construction Contract a clause should be understood and interpreted. The flowcharts then map out each of the main processes within each contract and demonstrate how it should operate and what to do next if a party has or has not carried out the next contractual action. Originally contracts in the civil engineering and construction industries were bespoke and drafted by Chancery pleaders using their knowledge of leases rather than building processes. In 1879, Royal Institute of British Architects for construction projects created RIBA forms which lead to the Joint Contracts Tribunal, JCT forms. For civil engineering the need for a formalized approach

pos: Construction law are: In the United Kingdom, there has been an active Society of Construction Law since 1983, and there is now a European Society of Construction Law, and Societies of Construction Law in Australia, Hong Kong, Singapore, and the UAE. The Joint Contracts Tribunal works on the most popular type of standard construction contracts and the latest suite of contracts from the JCT are the 2016 editions. The form of contract most favoured by public bodies is the NEC contract suite. Although some see Construction Law as another form of general contract law, it is a very specialised area and most

neg: Joint Contracts Tribunal Contract (JCT/CE), a contract designed to support collaborative working, as advocated by the Latham Report, and can trace its roots back to the "collaborative contract" published in 2003 by BE, a joint venture between the Reading Construction Forum and the Design and Build Foundation (and now part of Constructing Excellence). Traditional JCT contracts were seen as too detailed and difficult to use in smaller domestic projects so JCT launched a consumer friendly range of contracts called the "Building Contract for the Home Owner". The JCT contracts avoid up-front payments from payers to payees. Instead, the payee invoices the payer once

neg: Joint Contracts Tribunal particular method of procurement and produced to enable them to be used together, including the following where applicable: JCT publish guidance on which contract to select. JCT substantially revises and rewrites the family of forms every decade. The most recent suite, replacing the 1998 version, is the 2005 suite, as is commonly referred to as JCT 05. There are now, however, 2009 amendments published. The 2011 versions replaced 2009 amendments for all contracts signed after October 1, 2011. They are considered to be the most popular construction contracts in use in the UK. In 2007 JCT published the Constructing Excellence

neg: Joint Contracts Tribunal around building contracts is with regard to the interpretation of failure to proceed regularly and diligently, and whether the contractor is able to make a claim for loss of profits after determination. In contrast in the US, building contracts can normally be terminated for convenience of the client, only paying for the work already done. The JCT makes no distinction between work completed by subcontractors and work completed by the contractor. So the client can end up paying the contractor for work certified and yet the contractor may not pay the subcontractor, for example through insolvency. It may then be

neg: RICS Books modern-day technology. The publishing division of RICS provides the source of information for surveyors and related professionals. Specialist practice areas covered include: Building surveying; Commercial property; Construction; Dispute resolution; Environment; Facilities management; Geomatics; Machinery & Business Assets; Management consultancy; Minerals and Waste management; Planning & development; Project management; Residential property; Rural, and Valuation. The retail division of RICS stocks over 15,000 books, contracts, software titles and CPD products for professionals, academics and students in the areas of surveying, construction and other related property fields. It is also an authorized retailer for JCT contracts, NEC contracts and other leading texts such

neg: Joint Contracts Tribunal JCT the amended version of the Construction Industry Model Arbitration Rules published by the Society of Construction Arbitrators. Lawbuild has proposed a number of amendments to the JCT contract to protect the client further, with the top four being: to ensure the contractor posts a 10% bond to cover the costs of finding a replacement contractor if the contractor goes into liquidation, to ensure the contractor obtains building regulations certificates before practical completion, to ensure the contractor must accept design changes, and to ensure the employer can control the identities of the contractor's designers. One of the most common disputes

neg: Joint Contracts Tribunal and three local authority associations - of county councils, of metropolitan authorities and of district councils. The JCT Povey Lecture (jct-povey-lecture) is an annual event at which an eminent person is invited to speak on significant matters that are relevant to the construction and property industry. The purpose of the lecture is to encourage ways of continuing to improve the quality and value of construction output. The Povey Lecture was inaugurated in 2003 to honour Philip John Povey, who had served the JCT for some fifty years. A barrister by profession, from 1951 Povey was a legal adviser to the

neg: Joint Contracts Tribunal until the early 1960s (Macalister to 1942, Spragg to 1959), when this appointment was performed by the Practice Secretary and then by the Legal Adviser. The archived documents are listed in the Guide as the "RIBA Joint Secretary's Papers, 1932-1944, 1952-1971", including copies of minutes and reports and papers concerning revision of the Form of Contract 1955-1961. Important new editions of the form were published in 1939, 1963 and 1980, and after the JCT had become a limited company further revised editions were published in 1998, 2005 and 2011. JCT Contracts are currently published by Sweet and Maxwell Thomson Reuters.

neg: Subcontractor the greatest number now operate in the information technology and information sectors of business. The incentive to hire subcontractors is either to reduce costs or to mitigate project risks. In this way, the general contractor receives the same or better service than the general contractor could have provided by itself, at lower overall risk. Many subcontractors do work for the same companies rather than different ones. This allows subcontractors to further specialize their skills. In United Kingdom building industry contract law, particularly when using JCT standard form contracts, three subcontractor types are identified: Under UK tax law, certain activities that

neg: Llanbradach Walnut Tree Taffs Well is now incorporated into the Taff Trail. The remaining Cadoxton to Jct-Trehafod Jct (latterly Trefforest Jct) route, former Barry Railway's main line, also closed as a result of the Tynycaeau incident in 1963. The original Llanbradach Workmen's Institute, was a Miners' institute built in the 1900s, was constructed of timber and corrugated iron, and previously fulfilled the functions of village hall, school and a place for religious gatherings. A committee was set up in 1910 to organise the replacement of the old structure with a modern stone building. The new building was opened in 1913, and

neg: What Does the K Stand For? What Does the K Stand For? What Does the K Stand For? is a BBC Radio Four sitcom series based on the experiences of comedian Stephen K. Amos growing up as a teenager in south London in the 1980s. The broadcast of the first series began in November 2013; the third series commenced in January 2017. Reviewing Series 1, Episode 1 for "Radio Times", Tristram Fane Saunders found the show suited Amos "down to the ground; there's a touch of "Seinfeld" about "What Does the K Stand for?" in the way it flows from stand up into a deliciously awkward

neg: Balwant Singh (footballer) January 2010 in the 58th minute in a match JCT won 2-0. Balwant was among the 6 JCT players who went for a short training stint at Wolverhampton Wanderers in England in 2010. He then scored what went on to be his final goal for JCT during the 2010–11 season against Churchill Brothers on 7 December 2010 in the 37th minute as his team drew the match 1–1. When the season ended, JCT were relegated to the I-League 2nd Division, and Balwant was picked up by goan-based Salgaocar on 8 June 2011 on a two-year deal. He made his club

neg: Jerusalem College of Technology comfortably. JCT is a key driver of women’s empowerment in the science and technology sectors. The college trains 20 percent of Israel’s women engineers. One out of every five Israeli women studying for a BSc in computer science and/or software engineering does so at JCT, and 53 percent of the school’s computer science students are women—18 percent higher than any other Israeli university. The Jerusalem College of Technology comprises the following campuses: JCT was the pioneer among Israel’s leading institutions of higher education in advancing the integration of Ethiopian immigrants. The Reuven Surkis Program for Students from The Ethiopian Community

neg: Linden Gardens Trust Ltd v Lenesta Sludge Disposals Ltd Corp Ltd ("St Martin's") had been granted a 150-year lease on a site where they commissioned a shop development — in 1974 using the JCT standard contract with clause 17 as in the other conjoined appeal to hire Sir Robert McAlpine as a builder. St Martin's assigned their property interest and the benefits of the contracts to a new owner after the works were completed, without their contractor's consent. Then in 1981 it was found that the building work was defective, and remedial work would cost £800,000. The Court of Appeal by a majority held the assignment was incorrect but

neg: Construction law in the UK, the JCT form. In order to expedite dispute resolution, standard forms have often provided for arbitration by a "board of arbitration" or professional arbitrator, although many now offer a choice between arbitration and litigation. Construction law has been affected by the requirements in public contracts, which include surety bonds and other procedures. In private contracts, the requirements are negotiated between the parties. As of 1998, the principles of construction law were "well established". Remedies for breach of contract are the same as in the ordinary law, and include damages, repudiation, rescission, and specific performance. In the UK,

neg: RICS Books as Spon's Price Books, SMM7 and The RICS Red Book Valuation Standards RICS Books RICS Shop is the commercial publishing and bookselling arm of the Royal Institution of Chartered Surveyors. The RICS Books website was launched in 1999 and grew and developed over the years to become a fully operational e-commerce website. In 2012 it moved to a new domain RICS Shop on a new e-commerce platform. The site offers over 15,000 publications, contracts, software, digital products and has many dedicated sections such as JCT Contracts, Price Books and Contracts. The website is continuously updated and developed to provide users

neg: RICS Books RICS Books RICS Shop is the commercial publishing and bookselling arm of the Royal Institution of Chartered Surveyors. The RICS Books website was launched in 1999 and grew and developed over the years to become a fully operational e-commerce website. In 2012 it moved to a new domain RICS Shop on a new e-commerce platform. The site offers over 15,000 publications, contracts, software, digital products and has many dedicated sections such as JCT Contracts, Price Books and Contracts. The website is continuously updated and developed to provide users with an increasingly positive experience and to stay up to speed with

neg: JCT F.C. in the 1996–1997 season. In January 2007, the JCT management decided to change the club name from JCT Mills FC to JCT FC. In May 2008, JCT announced a partnership with Wolverhampton Wanderers of the Premier League in England. On 20 June it was announced by JCT FC that the club would disband following the 2010–11 I-League season due to lack of interest for football in India but they did say that they would still run the club at grass-root level and still run the JCT academy. On 2 August JCT F.C. in collaboration with India On Track are set

neg: What Does the K Stand For? feel less like real people than excuses to weave in a few good dad jokes". Overall, Elan found, "What lifts the show are the elements of diaspora life weaved throughout, as when Aunty Princess visits from Nigeria and accuses Virginia [Stephen's mother] of cultural betrayal ('You have adopted too many fine and fancy British ways'). Stephen defends the family by suggesting she should 'go back home', prompting him to reflect that he has turned into his own racist enemy. It's unexpectedly thoughtful stuff, suggesting the third series may be even better." What Does the K Stand For? What Does the

neg: Chemin de fer Arnaud sister railway, the Wabush Lake Railway. QNSL transports the ore between Wabush, NL and Arnaud Jct., QC. At Arnaud Jct., the ore is transferred to Chemin de fer Arnaud for the final journey to Pointe-Noire, Quebec. In 2011, Genesee & Wyoming began control of operations on behalf of the owners under the name Western Labrador Rail Services. The new operation encompasses the Arnaud Railway, Bloom Lake Railway, and Wabush Lake Railway. Currently, this railway (along with the TSH line, QNSX, and WABL) form an isolated railroad network, as it does not interchange with any other rail lines on the North

neg: Gurtej Singh aged 15. At the tournament were kids from Football Academy, Mahilpur, a renowned centre of learning which has produced several well-known players. At the end of one the matches in the competition, Gurtej was approached by coach Hassan Ali for trials in what was to be the start of his professional football career. Born in Punjab, Singh started his professional career with JCT FC of the I-League where he scored one goal for the club on 15 May 2011 in a league match against Chirag United in which he found the net in the 59th minute to give JCT their

neg: Lindsay, Ontario Jct. and through what is now the Lindsay airport was abandoned when the new direct line from Lindsay out to Midland was built in 1907. The Grand Trunk Railway (GTR) took over the Midland in 1884, and Lindsay became a division point for the GTR’s 8 th (Belleville, Peterborough and Port Hope), 9th (Midland and Coboconk) and 10th (Scarboro Jct., Whitby and Haliburton) Districts. The GTR was merged into the Canadian National Railways in 1923. (The Maynooth Sub. was added to Lindsay’s control in 1931, then at its peak as a railway centre.) In the meantime Bobcaygeon interests had applied

neg: Henry Ezeh when JCT won 1–0 against Chirag United on 17 April 2010. Ezeh scored his final goal of the season on 27 May 2010 against Mahindra United in what was Mahindra's final game in their history, however it was not enough as JCT lost 2–1. On 4 September 2010 it was confirmed that Ezeh had signed with Mumbai F.C. who also play in the I-League. He scored his first goal for Mumbai on 3 December 2010 in their 2–1 victory over Air India FC. His next goal was scored 1–1 draw against East Bengal on 4 January 2011. Ezeh scored another

neg: Romanby council offices stand between Romanby village and Northallerton on what was previously a racecourse. Designed by the York architect Walter Brierley for the North Riding council the main building was constructed in 1904–14 in two storeys of ashlar and red brick to a square courtyard plan, with a 15 bay frontage by 23 bay returns. It is a grade II* listed building. An electoral ward in the same name exists. This ward does not cover all the parish and had a total population at the 2011 Census of 3,946. Romanby Romanby is a village and civil parish in the Hambleton

neg: Save American Workers Act of 2013 a subsidy through a health insurance exchange. As a result, the largest budgetary effect of H.R. 2575 would be to reduce the amount of penalties collected from employers. As a result of those changes in who would pay penalties and what amounts they would have to pay, the Congressional Budget Office (CBO) and the staff of the United States Congress Joint Committee on Taxation (JCT) estimate that enacting H.R. 2575 would change the sources of health insurance coverage for some people. Specifically, in most years over the 2015-2024 period, the CBO and JCT estimate that the legislation would: As a

neg: Joint Contracts Tribunal work has been certified as completed by an independent third party, the contract administrator (often an architect or surveyor). Often interim certificates are issued where itemised components of the work have been completed, or a verifiable percentage is complete. In the 2009 amendments, the payer or payee can issue the certificate if the contractor administrator fails to do so. The JCT encourages retention of an agreed percentage of the contract sum until practical completion and then a percentage for a period after final completion. This avoids payment in advance for such things as minor defects or snagging which need to

neg: Lowell and Lawrence Railroad three different names to. The north point of the Wye was called Lawrence Jct; the west point was called Tewksbury Jct and the south point was called Salem Jct. By the time the two lines fell under control of the Boston and Lowell, the entire Wye was called Tewksbury Jct. In 1852, the L&L allowed the B&M to run passenger service from Wilmington Jct to Lowell along the two lines in defiance of the monopoly owned by the B&L for all rail service between Lowell and Boston. B&L filed suit in 1855 and won in court. Because of this violation,

neg: What We Stand For What We Stand For What We Stand For is the third studio album by American Christian music band The Museum. The album released on May 6, 2014 by BEC Recordings. In an interview with Reel Gospel, lead singer Ben Richter described the theme of the album: 'I think if I had to boil that down to one statement it’d be out of Micah 6:8 – ‘What does the Lord require of you? To seek justice, to love mercy, and walk humbly with your God.’ That’s a big part of the theme of the song that’s the title track, but I

neg: Joint Contracts Tribunal extension of time: if the contract administrator allows this, it in effect extends the period before which the contractor is liable to pay the LAD. The JCT introduced the concept of determination, whereby the contract can be terminated for suspension of works, failure to proceed regularly and diligently, failure to remove defective works, failure to execute works in accordance with the contract, or bankruptcy of the contractor. If one party has ceased to perform the contract (e.g. the contractor has gone past the contractual completion date and has no plan to complete the contract), determination enables the other party to

neg: JCT F.C. team has been 8 times winner of the Punjab Football League and 5 times winner of the Durand Cup. The success and the constant good performance of the club is attributed to its owner, the Thapars who apart from being business moguls, have been in constant effort to enhance the bar of their club at all the levels. Even though JCT FC senior side is disbanded the Academy side of JCT FC is still running and still developing young footballers. The JCT FC Academy made its mark during the 2011 I-League U19 Academy league which JCT FC Academy won. JCT

neg: Joint Contracts Tribunal addressed at the end of the project or come to light after the project is complete. So the invoice at each point is a percentage of the value of the work certified complete. The payer can deduct an amount; however, under the 2009 amendments, the method for calculating the new amount must be stated. The JCT encourages up-front agreement of liquidated and ascertained damages (LAD) as an estimate of the payer's weekly losses if the payee fails to reach practical completion by the contractual completion Date. If delays are for reasons beyond the contractor's control, the contractor can request an

neg: Job characteristic theory performance into "Quality of Work" and "Quantity of Work". The three critical psychological states of job characteristic theory (JCT) draw upon cognitive motivation theory and some previous work on identifying the presence of certain psychological states could lead to favorable outcomes. JCT provided the chance to systematically assessed the relationship between the previously discovered psychological states ('Experienced Meaningfulness, 'Experienced Responsibility, and Knowledge of Results) and outcomes. More importantly, previous work on work design showed job characteristics can predict individual performance, but did not provide “why” and “how” this relationship existed. Job Characteristics Theory filled this gap by building a bridge

neg: Lindsay, Ontario Whitby, Port Perry & Lindsay Railway (WPP&L). In 1881, the Midland Railway acquired the neighbouring smaller railways and built two links important to Lindsay. One was between Wick (Blackwater) Jct., and Cresswell (Manilla Jct.) in early 1883 for a direct route between Lindsay and Toronto (hitherto via Lorneville Jct.); and the other ("the Missing Link") between Peterborough and Omemee in late 1883, for a direct Lindsay – Peterborough connection (hitherto via Millbrook Jct.). In Lindsay, a new entry from Omemee was then decided upon, and a bridge was built over the Scugog River at the east end of Durham St.

neg: Live foal guarantee is stillborn, or is unable to stand & nurse, it is not considered a live foal, and the mare owner is entitled to a re-breeding. If the foal does stand after birth and nurses from the mare, it is considered a live foal, even if it dies soon after. Some contracts are more generous, specifying that the foal must survive for at least 12 or 24 hours after first nursing. If the foal survives this long and then dies, it was still a live foal, and the mare owner is "not" entitled to a re-breeding. (But many stallion owners will

neg: Dreierschnapsen can be responded to again with the declaration "Re" or "nuamoi zruckgspritzt", whereupon a win would bring eight times the actual number of points - but this kind of thing does not happen very often. Every contract can be "gefleckt", both normal ones as well as special contracts. If the team that is leading could reach zero, their opponents will often call ""auf Stand"", regardless of the quality of their own hands. They do this because doubling makes no difference if the team loses, but if they are lucky it may increase their chances of winning. The following contracts are

neg: What Does the K Stand For? sitcom". Writing in "The Guardian" in February 2015, Priya Elan judged that, "Standup comedian Stephen K Amos's jaunty sitcom "What Does The K Stand For?" (Radio 4) reaches the end of its second series with possibly the best episode yet. With shades of Chris Rock's "Everybody Hates Chris", Amos takes us back to his 80s childhood, growing up gay and black in a dysfunctional household". However, he added, "Playing it broad by mixing farce with double entendres, the sitcom is slightly uneven: although the family are drawn with wit and sympathy, minor characters like the actress turned teacher Miss Bliss

neg: JCT F.C. Jalandhar. Included among these players was Inder Singh, who had captained the Indian national team in previous years and won the Arjuna Award in 1969. The Leader Club, started by Lala Dwarka Das Sehgal had played a major role in popularizing football in Northern India in the 1960s and 1970s. Though the Leader Club is no more, JCT Mills have since taken the mantle and become the biggest and most successful football club in this part of India. JCT Limited has been involved in the Punjab Football Association (PFA) for the last three decades. JCT won the inaugural NFL title

neg: JCT F.C. JCT F.C. Jagatjit Cotton & Textile Football Club, often abbreviated as JCT FC, founded in 1971, is an Indian professional football club based in Hoshiarpur, Punjab. They are sponsored by Jagatjit Cotton and Textile Mills under the leadership of Mr. Samir Thapar and have emerged as one of the most successful Indian football clubs in recent years. They played in the national I-League and Punjab State Super League. JCT FC had long been synonymous with football in Punjab and northern India. Like the other two institutional teams from the state, Border Security Force SC and FC Punjab Police, JCT have

neg: I. M. Vijayan 1992 and the next year switched back to Mohun Bagan. The very next year in 1994 he joined JCT Mills Fagwara, and stayed with them for 3 years till 1997, when he left JCT to join FC Kochin. After spending a one-year tenure with the club, he again moved to Mohun Bagan in 1998 and came back to FC Kochin in 1999. Vijayan left FC Cochin in 2001 and joined East Bengal Club, which he left in 2002 to join JCT Mills Phagwara once again. After finishing a two-year stint with the club, he left JCT in 2004 and joined

neg: Balwant Singh (footballer) minute to help JCT to a 2–0 win. Balwant then scored his last goal of his debut season against Mumbai on 26 November 2008 in the 38th minute, but could not prevent JCT from going down 2–3. He had a productive Durand Cup campaign in his debut season, where JCT reached the semi-finals, with Balwant scoring thrice during the tournament. He opened his account for the 2009–10 season on 4 October 2009 when he scored a brace as JCT won the match 5–1 against Shillong Lajong before scoring his third and final goal that season against Sporting Goa on 28

neg: Qatar Rail rail projects in Qatar. The share of contracts awarded to the private sector within the scope of the Doha Metro and Lusail Tram projects reached 70%, versus the 30% awarded to international companies. These include the works for designing routes, tunnelling for the stations, supplying building materials, and others. In addition, the private sector’s share of participation in the joint ventures of designing and building the Doha Metro and Lusail Tram projects is 15%. Similarly, 61% of the contracts are awarded to local manufacturers of raw materials and transportation equipment to provide what is needed to complete these developments in

neg: SPARK (programming language) its design objectives, which are: Consider the Ada subprogram specification below: What does this subprogram actually do? In pure Ada, it could do virtually anything – it might increment the codice_1 by one or one thousand; or it might set some global counter to codice_1 and return the original value of the counter in codice_1; or it might do absolutely nothing with codice_1 at all. With SPARK 2014, contracts are added to the code to provide additional information regarding what a subprogram actually does. For example, we may alter the above specification to say: This specifies that the codice_5 procedure

neg: Maddie Coleman person who ever got BJ to Oakdale, who in fact was Maddie. She once again asks Casey for help and the two steal evidence and plant fake ones, and the investigation is eventually closed. Maddie does go over to Katie to confess what she has done, but Katie forgives her. Because of the whole event, Maddie and Casey have gotten closer, now building a close friendship which is often confused with more by other people. When Casey's one-night stand Gwen and his ex-best friend Will Munson go on the run, he tries to help his mother in finding them, still

neg: Thapar Group is a football club of JCT Mills. Thapar Group The Thapar group was started by Karam Chand Thapar. Karam Chand Thapar died in 1963, and his third son L.M. Thapar took over the group, which then included the Oriental Bank of Commerce, as well as Oriental Insurance. Both these companies later got nationalised. Other Thapar group companies and concerns in India are, or were, The Pioneer, Thapar House on Janpath Lane, Tiger Bay Restaurant, Global Green, Crompton Greaves, Greaves Cotton and JCT group, BILT and KCT Bros. JCT is now with MM Thapar. His son Samir Thapar runs JCT Mills

neg: Thapar Group Thapar Group The Thapar group was started by Karam Chand Thapar. Karam Chand Thapar died in 1963, and his third son L.M. Thapar took over the group, which then included the Oriental Bank of Commerce, as well as Oriental Insurance. Both these companies later got nationalised. Other Thapar group companies and concerns in India are, or were, The Pioneer, Thapar House on Janpath Lane, Tiger Bay Restaurant, Global Green, Crompton Greaves, Greaves Cotton and JCT group, BILT and KCT Bros. JCT is now with MM Thapar. His son Samir Thapar runs JCT Mills and his son Arjun Thapar runs JCT

neg: Ugly Betty remained co-executive producer on the show, but in a limited role. In November 2007, the cast of the series made headlines when they threw their support behind the 2007 Writers' Strike by joining them on the picket line in solidarity. Ferrera commented on the reason why they did this: "The issues coming up with the actors' contracts are very similar to what the writers are dealing with right now, and we have to stay united and stand strong within the creative community for what we believe is fair." On November 25, the cast appeared in a 38-second video for "Speechless

neg: Long Range Stand Off Weapon Long Range Stand Off Weapon The Long Range Stand Off Weapon (LRSO) is a nuclear-tipped air-launched cruise missile under development that will replace AGM-86 ALCM. As of August 24, 2017, Raytheon and Lockheed Martin received separate $900 million contracts from the Department of Defense and US Air Force and are developing their own versions. Contracts will end in 2022, when the Department of Defense will select one design to continue further developments. To replace the ALCM, the USAF planned to award a contract for the development of the new Long-Range Stand-Off weapon in 2015. Unlike the AGM-86, the LRSO will

neg: Jerusalem College of Technology at JCT. According to Israel’s Central Bureau of Statistics, about 50 percent of Haredi men in the country were employed by the end of 2017. JCT’s Haredi graduates have attained an 89-percent employment rate, including 77 percent that are employed in their field of choice. Among the 1,000 Israeli Haredim who studied computer science in 2017, two-thirds of them studied at JCT. The International Program in English at JCT allows students from around the world to learn religious studies at JCT or with rabbis in other yeshivot in the Jerusalem area, while also providing them with the opportunity to obtain

neg: Surjit Singh (footballer) Surjit Singh (footballer) Surjit Singh (born 3 April 1989) is an Indian professional footballer who plays as a defender for Salgaocar F.C. in the I-League. He played also for JCT FC and during the 2003/2004 Season on loan by Mohammedan S.C.. He than returned in June 2004 from Mohammedan to JCT FC. Singh played a year after his return with JCT and moved in Summer 2006 to Punjab State Super League side Border Security Force. After five years left the Punjab State Super League club Border Security Force and signed for Mohun Bagan A.C.. Singh made his professional debut for

neg: JCT F.C. to revive their senior football team after three years and plan to make their return by entering the 2015 I-League second division. In last 3 decades of its existence, the JCT is the first Indian team outside Kolkata to win the IFA Shield. Apart from this, the JCT Club have won many prestigious tournaments and brought laurels to the State of Punjab. They also won the opening edition of the National Football League in 1996. JCT Club has also been the winner of the Asian Club Championship and finished 3rd in the 2007–2008 season of the newly formed I-League. The

neg: Lowell and Lawrence Railroad Lawrence to Tewksbury Jct in 1926. Then Tewksbury Jct to Tewksbury Center later that year when the B&M abandoned the Salem & Lowell from Tewksbury Jct to Wilmington Jct. Between 1895 and 1900, service ended on the line from its start at the Bleachery in Lowell to Wamesit in Tewksbury where the B&M and the L&L shared a station. This stretch of track was not, however, legally abandoned until 1936. The tracks were removed and the line from Tewksbury Center was directly connected to the B&M's Lowell Branch line. Freight traffic ran from Wamesit to Tewksbury Center until 1979 and

neg: Dispute board Review Board's decision does not find acceptance by the parties. Thus a Dispute Resolution Board may be likened to the United Kingdom's adjudication process, either under statutory-compliant contracts or under the regime established by statute itself . What a Dispute Review Board does that United Kingdom statutory adjudication does not do is to provide a regular and continuing forum for discussion of difficult or contentious matters, to identify ways forward by acting in an informal capacity and to create valuable opportunities for the parties to avoid disputes by keeping proactive communication alive. Another aspect, which is less often discussed, is

neg: Surjit Singh (footballer) Salgaocar in the I-League on 19 October 2013 against Mumbai at the Balewadi Sports Complex; in which he came on as a substitute for Rahul Kumar in the 80th minute; as Salgaocar won the match 1–3. Surjit Singh (footballer) Surjit Singh (born 3 April 1989) is an Indian professional footballer who plays as a defender for Salgaocar F.C. in the I-League. He played also for JCT FC and during the 2003/2004 Season on loan by Mohammedan S.C.. He than returned in June 2004 from Mohammedan to JCT FC. Singh played a year after his return with JCT and moved in

neg: Jerusalem College of Technology Policy, Management and Evaluation, in addition to the support of the Canadian Friends of JCT. The certificate program that ran this year as a prelude to opeing the MSc programt completed its studies in April (2018), just as Israel’s Council for Higher Education approved the Master of Health Informatics degree for the 2018-2019 academic year. The partnership between JCT and U of T was facilitated by Professor Judith Shamian, past president of the International Council of Nurses and a member of JCT’s board of trustees. Jerusalem College of Technology The Jerusalem College of Technology - Lev Academic Center (JCT) (),

neg: Henry Ezeh Henry Ezeh Nna Ezeh Henry (born 28 November 1991) is a Nigerian footballer who plays as a striker for Feriköy SK. After spending part of his youth career with the State Bank of Travancore in 2007 Ezeh signed for JCT Mills FC of the I-League in 2009. He scored his first goal for the club on 10 March 2010 against Salgaocar in which he found the net in the 48th minute through a header as JCT drew the match 1–1. Ezeh scored a hat-trick against Viva Kerala on 17 April 2010 as JCT won 5–1. Ezeh scored the match-winning goal

neg: ERC-20 with crowdfunding companies working on initial coin offering (ICO) cases due to the simplicity of deployment, together with its potential for interoperability with other Ethereum token standards. As of November 19 2018, there were more than 142,200 ERC-20 token contracts. Among the most successful ERC20 token sales are EOS, Bancor, Qash, and Bankex, raising over $70 million each. The ERC-20 token has the following method-related functions: The specific wording of the function is followed by a clarification of what it does, in [brackets] Events format: ERC-20 ERC-20 is a technical standard used for smart contracts on the Ethereum blockchain for

neg: National freeway 3 began in 1993. In February 2000, Xinhua JCT. - Jiuru IC. was open for the traffic. It was followed by Douliu IC - Xinhua JCT. In November 2001, Xiangshan IC. - Zhunan IC in December 2001, Zhunan IC - Houlong IC in May 2002, Caotun IC - Douliu IC in June 2002, Zhonggang SIC - Longjing IC in October 2002, and Houlong IC - Zhonggang JCT., Kuaiguan IC - Caotun IC in January 2003. The entire project was completed in January 2004 when Longjing IC - Kuaiguan IC was opened. On April 25, 2010, a landslide occurred on a segment

neg: Sukhwinder Singh (footballer, born 1983) to help JCT to a 2–0 win. He had a productive Durand Cup campaign in his debut season, where JCT reached the semi-finals, with Sukhwinder scoring thrice during the tournament. Sukhwinder Singh (footballer, born 1983) Sukhwinder Singh (born 12 March 1983) is an Indian professional footballer who played as a midfielder for Mohammedan in the I-League 2nd Division. Born in Nawanshahr, Punjab, Sukhwinder started his football journey with Mahilpur Football Club before joining the Academy of JCT before being promoted to their senior team . He scored his first professional goal for the club on 2006 against Mahindra United in

neg: Kareem Omolaja round after finishing at the bottom of their group. Kareem made his I-League debut on 3 December 2010 against HAL SC in a 0-1 losing effort. Kareem scored his first goal for JCT in a match against Air India on 15 January 2011 which JCT won 2-0 and Kareem adjudged as the Man of the match. His second goal came against Churchill Brothers SC on 16 February 2011, but this time his team lost 3-1. Though, JCT relegated from the I-League at the end of the season but Kareem was praised for a consistent performance. In 2011, Kareem joined Shillong

neg: Ogden v. Saunders perhaps the central contention of his opinion: "contracts derive their obligation from the act of the parties, not from the grant of government". The Chief Justice in the course of his opinion uses the "will theory of contract". The fact that the state may define how contracts can be formed, how defaults can be remedied, and even exclude from the outset certain types of contract, usurious ones for example, does not make contract a creature of the state. The obligation of any particular contract is what the parties determine it to be. Thus, if Ogden owes Saunders a certain amount

neg: Oslo Public Transport Administration Oslo Public Transport Administration AS Oslo Sporveier or the Oslo Public Transport Administration is a municipally owned limited company that is responsible for planning, marketing and organising the public transport in Oslo, Norway. The company does not operate any public transport, but instead either awards public service obligation (PSO) contracts or negotiates contracts with Oslo T-banedrift and Oslo Sporvognsdrift concerning the operation of Oslo T-bane and the Oslo Tramway. The company was created on July 1, 2006 and took the name Oslo Sporveier from what was then renamed Kollektivtransportproduksjon (Public Transport Production) that was responsible for operations. Both companies are

neg: Renedy Singh Renedy Singh Potsangbam Renedy Singh or just Renedy Singh (born 20 June 1979 in Imphal, India) is an Indian former football player, who is currently assistant coach of FC Pune City of Indian Super League. He has previously played for Mohun Bagan, East Bengal Club, EverReady SA and JCT FC. Recently his fellow team mate and friend Sunil Chhetri told the media that Renedy is the best midfielder in the country but also the most under-rated and unnoticed Indian footballer. Renedy and Sunil Chetri were prominent figures in JCT FC squad, they helped JCT FC finish second and third in

neg: I-League the I-League has been the league's continuing financial instability. Since the league began in 2007 the league has seen four clubs disband their operations – Chirag United Kerala, JCT, Mahindra United, and Pailan Arrows. When JCT disbanded, head of operations, Samir Thapar stated that the lack of any credible exposure and money as a major reason for JCT disbanding. The majority of clubs in the league rely on main sponsors the fund the team through a season at least. This is mainly due to the fact that clubs in the I-League do not rely on income from merchandise sales or

neg: Willy Mutunga defended Mutunga's activism, stating, [A]t some point, ... "activist" has taken on a negative sense in some Kenyan circles. Yet the opposite of activist is someone who is a conformist, takes orders, does not challenge authority even when it is wrong, and does what he or she is ordered. ... Whether in the judiciary, civil service, or legislature, we should be seeking women and men of principle who are willing to stand up for what they believe. ... We have assumed that what is needed to be a "good public servant" is someone who is essentially an "empty debe" to

neg: Sunil Chhetri the 2006–07 season, Chhetri scored a total of eleven goals in the league for JCT as the club finished in second place, behind Dempo. Among his best games during that season were the matches against his former club Mohun Bagan and Dempo in which he scored braces in both matches as JCT won both games 2–0 and 3–2 respectively. Then, during the very first season of the I-League, Chhetri scored seven goals as JCT finished the season in third place. His only brace that season came against Salgaocar during the final match of the season. Midway through that season though,

neg: High Efficiency Video Coding High profile encodings. At that meeting, the name "High Efficiency Video Coding" (HEVC) was adopted for the joint project. Starting at that meeting, the JCT-VC integrated features of some of the best proposals into a single software codebase and a "Test Model under Consideration", and performed further experiments to evaluate various proposed features. The first working draft specification of HEVC was produced at the third JCT-VC meeting in October 2010. Many changes in the coding tools and configuration of HEVC were made in later JCT-VC meetings. On January 25, 2013, the ITU announced that HEVC had received first stage approval

neg: Kareem Omolaja he won the 2009-10 J&K Premier League where he also awarded the best defender of the league. Kareem's second silverware of the season was G.V. Raja Football Tournament at Kerala, which Jammu & Kashmir Bank won after beating State Bank of Travancore 4-1 on penalties. Kareem was the joint top scorer of the tournament with 4 goals. In 2010, Kareem moved to JCT Mills Phagwara. Kareem made his debut for JCT on 21 September 2010 against AIFF XI, later renamed as Pailan Arrows, in the 2010 Indian Federation Cup at Cuttack, where JCT failed to make it to the knock-out

neg: Oslo Public Transport Administration by Oslo Sporveier. From 1 January 2008 the company was replaced by Ruter. Oslo Public Transport Administration AS Oslo Sporveier or the Oslo Public Transport Administration is a municipally owned limited company that is responsible for planning, marketing and organising the public transport in Oslo, Norway. The company does not operate any public transport, but instead either awards public service obligation (PSO) contracts or negotiates contracts with Oslo T-banedrift and Oslo Sporvognsdrift concerning the operation of Oslo T-bane and the Oslo Tramway. The company was created on July 1, 2006 and took the name Oslo Sporveier from what was then

neg: Contract Law of Saudi Arabia a sale of what one does not have. Stipulations are divided into three types: If the court finds stipulation a void, the contract itself may or may not be void- results vary casuistically. In particular, concomitant stipulations that coincide with or contradict an entailment of the contract, such as a stipulation that a buyer must never resell the object, are forbidden. Combinations of contracts conditioned on each other are open to many objections, because they confuse the price of the individual contracts and obstruct meting out fair remedies for breach, thereby opening a door to "riba" and "gharar". There are

neg: Adjudication to resolve payment on account disputes. The act covers construction, and related supply of goods and services, contracts, whether written or verbal. BCIPA is regulated by the Building and Construction Industry Payments Agency, a branch of the Queensland Building Services. Adjudication is a relatively new process introduced by the government of Victoria, Australia, to allow for the rapid determination of progress claims under building contracts or sub-contracts and contracts for the supply of goods or services in the building industry. This process was designed to ensure cash flow to businesses in the building industry, without parties getting tied up in

neg: New Grosvenor Stadium stand seats 527 spectators, including 25 seats in the directors box. The stand also houses a journalist's commentary box to its rear. The Distillery social club and offices sit on the same side of the stadium as the Morton McKnight stand occupying the area situated on the other side of the halfway line. The facilities are situated in one building, separated from the Morton McKnight Stand by a large tarmac paddock and does not offer any terracing or seated stand, although many spectators chose to stand and watch games from the paddock situated between the facilities and the pitch. The

neg: Shin-Tōmei Expressway Nagoya to Mikkabi was opened. On January 28, 2018 the outer circumferential highway of Tokyo, the Ken-Ō Expressway, was linked with the Shin-Tōmei Expressway in Ebina, Kanagawa, but the section between Ebina and Gotemba is under construction. The section between Gotemba JCT and Ebina JCT is still under construction and slated to open in 2020. Once completed, Shin-Tōmei offers direct connection between Osaka, Nagoya and Tokyo through Isewangan Expressway and the Shinmeishin Expressway. The entire cost for the project from Tokyo to Osaka is 7 trillion yen (around 70 billion dollars). No.7-1 Gotenba JCT No.6 Nagaizumi-Numazu IC -Surugawan-Numazu SA/SIC No.7

neg: Child of All Nations is not valued, as demonstrated by Sastro's response to his wife's protests, telling her, "What does a woman know? Your world is no more than a tamarind seed." Even if Surati had refused to go to Tuan Besar Kuasa, she knew it would make no difference. She was to be obedient to her father. However, she does take matters into her own hands as she contracts smallpox for the expressed purposed of infecting Tuan Besar Kuasa, trying to kill herself and him. However, only Tuan Besar Kuasa dies. But Surati's story does not only show the plight of native women,

neg: Child Tax Credit Improvement Act of 2014 on Taxation (JCT) estimates that enacting H.R. 4935 would reduce revenues over the 2014-2024 period by about $93.9 billion, and increase direct spending by about $21.0 billion over that period. JCT therefore estimates that enacting the legislation would increase federal budget deficits by about $114.9 billion over the 2014-2024 period. The Statutory Pay-As-You-Go Act of 2010 establishes budget-reporting and enforcement procedures for legislation affecting direct spending and revenues. Because enacting H.R. 4935 would affect revenues and direct spending, pay-as-you-go procedures apply. JCT has determined that the bill contains no intergovernmental or private-sector mandates as defined in the Unfunded Mandates Reform

neg: Contracts House and later - various technical schools. When interior furniture was renovated, the furniture for the building was developed by an architect I. Karakis. Since the mid-1990s Ukrainian Interbank Currency Exchange is operating in the Contracts House, organized with a great contribution made by famous Ukrainian economist Vadym Hetman. Contracts House The Contracts House () is a trade building in the Podil neighborhood of Kiev ("Kyiv"), the capital of Ukraine. The Contracts House received its name because the city's contracts were signed there. It is located on the Kontraktova Square, once one of the Podil's main trading centers. The building is

neg: NEC Engineering and Construction Contract Engineering Contract". This specific contract has been renamed the "Engineering and Construction Contract" which is the main contract used for any construction based project. It now sits alongside a number of other contracts that together should mean that the NEC suite is suitable for what ever stage of a lifecycle the project is at and for any party within a project. The contracts available within the suite are: Engineering and Construction Contract (ECC): Suitable for any construction based contract between an Employer and a Contractor. It is intended to be suitable for any sector of the industry, including civil, building,

neg: Yossi Fine and clichés." In 2007, he released the solo album "Live in Jerusalem", consisting of four tracks culled from his one-man bass tour. "Few people are brave, or crazy, enough to stand on stage with a few simple drum loops, an effects board and a bass, and go for it. Yet that's exactly what he does, amazingly well," wrote PopMatters. "The landscapes he paints are orchestral, lush and textured." An introduction to Fine on Israeli music television station Music 24 proclaimed, "Yossi Fine does to bass what Hendrix did for electric guitar." Fine has frequently worked with Malian guitarist Vieux Farka

neg: Saltergate club in October 2011; meanwhile supporters began a Facebook Group calling for the streets in any future development to be named after former Chesterfield players. The club's development partner, GB Development Solutions, announced in December 2011 that it was close to exchanging contracts on the site and expected to complete the sale the following month. A building trade publication subsequently confirmed the sale of the ground to Barratt Homes for an undisclosed sum. In January 2012, as the prospect of demolition neared, the club announced that a pair of original 1936 seats from the Saltergate main stand would gain a

neg: Force majeure structures or most structures are not seismically safe. English common law does not automatically apply "force majeure" principles to contracts. Parties to English law contracts who wish to have "force majeure" relief must spell out the terms in the contract. Common law recognizes the concept of frustration of purpose, a narrower concept that applies when the actual performance of the contract is radically different from what the parties intended. As interpreted by English courts, the phrase "force majeure" has a more extensive meaning than "act of God" or "vis major." Judges have agreed that strikes and breakdowns of machinery, which

neg: Stand Up to Cancer UK 1 in 3 - will be touched by cancer at some point in our lives. Stand Up To Cancer is about doing what Channel 4 does best - focusing attention on an important issue using entertainment and comedy. We hope to raise vital funds for trials that could save lives." Dr Harpal Kumar, Cancer Research UK's chief executive, says: "We want everyone in the UK to unite and stand up to this devastating disease. We've made incredible progress in the last 40 years but there's so much more to do. It's not just technology or knowledge that we need to

neg: Landskrona IP 11.000. In the following year, 1991, was the northern terraces replaced with a new concrete terrace stand of equal height as the old one, but it had fewer steps. The demolition of the old northern stand also meant the last parts of the original stands from 1924, now was forever gone. A wooden building behind that stand survived for many years however, but as of May 2017 are the only artifacts remaining from 1924 two flagpoles and the arch which constituted the entrance. It no longer does, but is still there, and most of the spectators who pay ground attendance

neg: Thomas Bezanson open the human heart to truth and beauty, goodness and unity. It is like a finger pointing to the moon. It is not the finger that is important, it is the moon." "First you do what is necessary, then you do what is possible and before you know it you are doing the impossible." "The thing we all strive for is to shape our humanity in the image of God, to do good, stand up for what is true, create what is beautiful, and live for what unites and does not divide." Thomas Bezanson Brother Thomas Bezanson (August 5, 1929

neg: Tutti in maschera masked ball at La Fenice which Abdalà has sent her (with instructions specifying what she should wear) might compromise her. He assures her that his only wish is to engage her for his touring company. Suddenly, Dorotea and the rest of the troupe arrive, and Vittoria accidentally mislays the invitation, on which her name does not appear. Gregorio finds it and suspects that it was sent to Dorotea. Vittoria promises Abdalà that she will come to the ball if he does not say anything about the invitation. His response is to invite everyone to the ball, and he promises contracts

neg: David Deming them to be . . . . [P]rojections of current technology into the future are always invalid because technology does not stand still . . . . [T]echnological progress is our birthright and destiny." In 2003, speaking at a meeting of the "Oklahoma Independent Petroleum Association", Deming said, "I think it would be foolish to try to predict what our technological capabilities will be [100 years from now], just as it would have been foolish for someone from the 19th century to try to predict what we could do today." Deming does not believe in Peak Oil theories and has

neg: Southern Foundries (1926) Ltd v Shirlaw if a director was removed without cause. Southern Foundries (1926) Ltd v Shirlaw Southern Foundries (1926) Ltd v Shirlaw [1940] AC 701 is an important English contract law and company law case. In the field of contracts it is well known for MacKinnon LJ's decision in the Court of Appeal, where he put forth the "officious bystander" formulation for determining what terms should be implied into agreements by the courts. In the field of company law, it is known primarily to stand for the principle that damages may be sought for breach of contract by a director even though a

neg: Southern Foundries (1926) Ltd v Shirlaw Southern Foundries (1926) Ltd v Shirlaw Southern Foundries (1926) Ltd v Shirlaw [1940] AC 701 is an important English contract law and company law case. In the field of contracts it is well known for MacKinnon LJ's decision in the Court of Appeal, where he put forth the "officious bystander" formulation for determining what terms should be implied into agreements by the courts. In the field of company law, it is known primarily to stand for the principle that damages may be sought for breach of contract by a director even though a contract may "de facto" constrain the exercise

neg: Namhae Expressway Namhae Expressway The Namhae Expressway(Korean: 남해고속도로, Namhae Gosok Doro) is a freeway in South Korea, connecting Yeongam to Suncheon, Gwangyang, Jinju, Changwon and Busan. It was opened in 1973 with Honam Expressway's Jeonju - Suncheon section, through W.Suncheon IC is connected to the Honam Expressway. At the time this was an opening round two-lane road. However, through the expansion progressed from 1977 to 1996 was expanded to four lanes round the entire section. It was expanded to 8 lanes 2001 Naengjeong JCT ~ Changwon JCT section, with 8 lanes 2011 Sanin JCT ~ Jinju section, Sacheon ~ Jinju section has

neg: Jersey dolmens the Jersey people as a place for signing contracts. Because of this it may have been allowed to stand by the side of the now disused St Helier to La Corbière railway, while so many other sites were partially destroyed for building material. The name, which may be interpreted as "La Table des Martyres" and consequently translated as "The Witnesses' Table", probably derives from this known custom of signing important documents at the slab. Le Pinacle is a natural rock formation that resembles a gigantic menhir. The site itself is positioned below the imposing Le Pinacle, which is on the

neg: Thapar Group the group: Ballarpur Industries Limited, BILT Paper Holdings Limited, Orient Engineering and Commercial Company Limited, The Pioneer, Sohna Stud Farm Pvt Limited, TT & G Trading Pvt Limited, iBilt Technologies Limited, Built Middle East Pvt Limited, Himalayan Hideaways Pvt Limited, Karam Chand Thapar & Bros Limited, Lavasa Corporation Limited and KCT Papers Limited are some of the Thapar group companies. Other Thapar group companies and concerns in India are Thapar house on Janpath lane, Tiger Bay restaurant, Global Green. The Crompton Greaves, Greaves Cotton and JCT group is with MM Thapar. His son Samir Thapar runs JCT Mills and JCT

neg: Boonton Branch were served by passenger trains. (The term "commuter" was just coming into vogue at that time.) Rather than attempting to rebuild an existing line, the Lackawanna Railroad, which controlled the M&E, decided to build a completely new line. The new line would leave the Morristown Line just west of the Bergen Tunnel at West End and then would rejoin the Morristown line at East Dover Jct., a total of 34 miles. (In 1903, Denville Jct. would be created at its present location and East Dover Jct. would be downgraded.) The Boonton Branch was built between 1869 and 1870. Reportedly, very

neg: South African contract law what passed between the parties either before the written instrument was made or during its preparation. Where the parties have decided that a contract should be recorded in writing, their decision must be respected and the resulting document accepted as the sole evidence of the terms of the contract. The document itself, in other words, discloses the obligations. From this it should be clear that the parol evidence rule applies only to written contracts. It does this by its very nature. The rule applies to all contracts in writing, whether or not the law requires that they be in writing

neg: Building and Construction Industry Security of Payment Act 2002 of application) and less expensive. An adjudicator’s determination is binding on the parties and can be recovered as a debt owing in a Court. Building and Construction Industry Security of Payment Act 2002 The Building and Construction Industry Security of Payment Act 2002 was passed by the Australian State of Victoria to allow for the rapid determination of progress claims under building contracts or sub-contracts and contracts for the supply of goods or services in the building industry. This process was designed to ensure cash flow to businesses in the building industry, without parties get tied up in lengthy and

neg: Building and Construction Industry Security of Payment Act 2002 Building and Construction Industry Security of Payment Act 2002 The Building and Construction Industry Security of Payment Act 2002 was passed by the Australian State of Victoria to allow for the rapid determination of progress claims under building contracts or sub-contracts and contracts for the supply of goods or services in the building industry. This process was designed to ensure cash flow to businesses in the building industry, without parties get tied up in lengthy and expensive litigation or arbitration. Adjudication is much quicker than litigation in a court (an adjudicator’s determination must be made within 10 days of receipt

neg: Marian College (Dublin) and organisation of the College has grown. The school was ranked tenth in Ireland in terms of the number of students who progressed to third level and by the types of institutions to which the students progressed. Rugby union is one of the schools main sports. The college fields teams in both the JCT/SCT competitions and reached the JCT final of the Cup Shield in 2008. The JCT won the Cup Shield in 1968. Water-polo is the school's most successful sport, the college having won numerous Leinster titles over the past 10 years. In 2010 the senior Gaelic team won

neg: Salem and Lowell Railroad of Middlesex County. All service was suspended between Tewksbury Jct and Wilmington Jct in 1924 and that segment abandoned by the end of 1925. Passenger service along the line was ended in September 1932 and freight service to North Reading ended in 1935. The line between Wilmington Jct and South Middleton was abandoned by 1939. Freight service continued between West Peabody and South Middleton until 1980 with the line between Peabody and West Peabody being abandoned in 1962. The remainder of the line was formally abandoned in 1987. Salem and Lowell Railroad The Salem and Lowell Railroad was a branch

neg: Rental Assistance Demonstration to do with how HUD awarded the assistance contracts. The effects of the scandal linger in the form of relatively unfavorable renewal terms, which are embedded in MAHRAA. Specifically, renewal rents must be at the lesser of current rents, as adjusted; Fair Market Rent; or market rent. This means that properties with below-market rents can renew only at similar rent levels, as adjusted by what is typically a modest amount. Since HUD does not offer multiyear contracts, the rents are re-set each year at contract renewal. "Option to renew on same terms." While the HAP may be renewed annually on