query: when was the second battle of panipat held

pos: Second Battle of Panipat Second Battle of Panipat The Second Battle of Panipat was fought on November 5, 1556, between the forces of Hem Chandra Vikramaditya, the Hindu king at Delhi and forces of Muslim Emperor Akbar. Hemu had conquered the states of Delhi and Agra a few months earlier by defeating the Mughals led by Tardi Beg Khan at the Battle of Delhi and proclaimed himself Raja Vikramaditya. Akbar and his guardian, Bairam Khan who lost Agra and Delhi, had marched to Panipat to reclaim the lost territories. The two armies clashed at Panipat not far from the site of the First Battle

pos: Second Battle of Panipat Second Battle of Panipat The Second Battle of Panipat was fought on November 5, 1556, between the forces of Hem Chandra Vikramaditya, the Hindu king at Delhi and forces of Muslim Emperor Akbar. Hemu had conquered the states of Delhi and Agra a few months earlier by defeating the Mughals led by Tardi Beg Khan at the Battle of Delhi and proclaimed himself Raja Vikramaditya. Akbar and his guardian, Bairam Khan who lost Agra and Delhi, had marched to Panipat to reclaim the lost territories. The two armies clashed at Panipat not far from the site of the First Battle

pos: Second Battle of Panipat defeated and killed by Khizr Khan, son of Muhammad Shah of Bengal, in April 1557. The spoils from the battle at Panipat included 120 of Hemu's war elephants whose destructive rampages so impressed the Mughals that the animals soon became an integral part of their military strategies. Second Battle of Panipat The Second Battle of Panipat was fought on November 5, 1556, between the forces of Hem Chandra Vikramaditya, the Hindu king at Delhi and forces of Muslim Emperor Akbar. Hemu had conquered the states of Delhi and Agra a few months earlier by defeating the Mughals led by Tardi

neg: Second Battle of Panipat of Panipat of 1526. Although Hemu had lost his artillery to the Mughals before the battle, his forces held the numerical superiority. However, Hemu was wounded by a chance arrow in the middle of the battle and fell unconscious. Seeing their leader going down, his army panicked and dispersed. Hemu was captured and subsequently beheaded for going against the caliphate. The battle ended in a decisive victory for Akbar. Humayun, the successor of Babur, the founder of the Mughal Empire, had lost his inheritance when he was chased out of India by Sher Shah Suri who established the Sur Empire

neg: First Battle of Panipat two tactics made Babur's artillery lethal. The cannons could be fired without any fear of being hit, as they were shielded by the bullock carts held in place by hide ropes. The heavy cannons could also be easily traversed onto new targets, as they could be maneuvered by the mantlets which were on wheels. Ibrahim Lodi died on the field of battle along with 20,000 of his troops. The battle of Panipat was militarily a decisive victory. Politically it gained Babur little, and initiated a new phase of his establishment of the Mughal empire. First Battle of Panipat The First

neg: Shodapur people who have converted it into a Muslim durgah. This is the only memorial of Hemu in Panipat but it is in a bad condition. Shodapur "Shodapur" or Saudapur is a village in Panipat district of the Haryana state in India. The Second Battle of Panipat was fought on 5 November 1556 between the forces of Akbar and Hemu, a Hindu king of Delhi. In the battle, a wounded Hemu was captured by Shah Quli Khan and carried to the Mughal camp at Shodapur on Jind Road at Panipat where he was beheaded. After a few years, Hemu's supporters, constructed

neg: First Battle of Panipat First Battle of Panipat The First Battle of Panipat, on 21 April 1526, was fought between the invading forces of Babur and the Lodi Kingdom. It took place in north India and marked the beginning of the Mughal Empire and the end of the Delhi Sultanate. This was one of the earliest battles involving gunpowder firearms and field artillery in the Indian subcontinent which were introduced by Mughals in this battle. After losing Samarkand for the second time, Babur gave attention to conquer India as he reached the banks of the Chenab in 1519. Until 1524, his aim was to

neg: Raghunathrao was denied by Sadashivrao Bhau, his cousin and Diwan of Peshwa, so he declined to go. Sadashivrao Bhau was there upon made commander in chief of the Maratha Army, under whom the Battle of Panipat was fought. After Maratha defeat at Third Battle of Panipat, his brother Nanasaheb Peshwa's death and his half brother's (Shamsher Bahadur) death in 1761, the Peshwa title was passed on to Madhavrao I, second son of Nanasaheb. Madhavrao was a minor when appointed Peshwa. Therefore Raghunathrao was appointed as the regent to the young Peshwa. He soon fell out of favor with Madhavrao and even

neg: Haryana First Battle of Panipat (1526), Babur defeated the Lodis. In the Second Battle of Panipat (1556), Akbar defeated the local Haryanvi Hindu Emperor of Delhi, who belonged to Rewari. Hem Chandra Vikramaditya had earlier won 22 battles across India from Punjab to Bengal, defeating Mughals and Afghans. Hemu had defeated Akbar's forces twice at Agra and the Battle of Delhi in 1556 to become the last Hindu Emperor of India with a formal coronation at Purana Quila in Delhi on 7 October 1556. In the Third Battle of Panipat (1761), the Afghan king Ahmad Shah Abdali defeated the Marathas. Haryana

neg: Panipat monarch Ibrahim Lodhi. Much later, in 1866, the British relocated the tomb which was just a simple grave during construction of the Grand Trunk Road and added a platform to it with an inscription highlighting Ibrahim Lodhi’s death in the Battle of Panipat. The garden of Kabuli Bagh along with the Kabuli Bagh Mosque and a tank were built by Babur after the First Battle of Panipat to commemorate his victory over Ibrahim Lodhi. Some years later when Humayun defeated Sher Shah Suri near Panipat, he added a masonry Platform to it and called it ‘Chabutra" Fateh Mubarak, bearing the

neg: Third Battle of Panipat valour on both sides. Santaji Wagh's corpse was found with over 40 mortal wounds. The bravery of Vishwas Rao, the Peshwa's son, and Sadashiv Bhau was acknowledged even by the Afghans. The film Panipat, was announced by director Ashutosh Gowariker. Starring Arjun Kapoor, Sanjay Dutt and Kriti Sanon. Based on the Third Battle of Panipat. Third Battle of Panipat The Third Battle of Panipat took place on 14 January 1761 at Panipat, about north of Delhi, between a northern expeditionary force of the Maratha Empire and invading forces of the King of Afghanistan, Ahmad Shah Abdali, supported by two Indian

neg: Shodapur Shodapur "Shodapur" or Saudapur is a village in Panipat district of the Haryana state in India. The Second Battle of Panipat was fought on 5 November 1556 between the forces of Akbar and Hemu, a Hindu king of Delhi. In the battle, a wounded Hemu was captured by Shah Quli Khan and carried to the Mughal camp at Shodapur on Jind Road at Panipat where he was beheaded. After a few years, Hemu's supporters, constructed a Samadhi (Hindu shrine) over the place where he was beheaded. The place and its surroundings have been slowly encroached upon by the local Muslim

neg: Maulaheri Jats of Rs. 9736. Of these six lie in Baghra, three in Muzaffarnagar, two in Khatauli and one in Bhuma Sambalhera."" The Maulaheri Jats came into prominence during the Third battle of Panipat. One of the ancestors of the Maulaheri Jats had risen to become a General in the Maratha Army and was in charge of the outpost of the Marathas at Shukartal, on the river Ganges. When the Marathas lost the Third battle of Panipat, Ahmed Shah Abdali rewarded all his allies including Najib-ul-Daula with gold and precious stones, among other things. Najib-ul-Daula was returning victorious from Panipat when he

neg: Kabuli Bagh Mosque in the courtyard. Kabuli Bagh Mosque The Kabuli Bagh Mosque in Panipat was built in 1527 by the emperor Babur to mark his victory over Sultan Ibrahim Lodhi at the first Battle of Panipat in 1526. The mosque located in Panipat is named after Kabuli Begum, Babur's wife. The mosque located in Kabul Bagh Colony, Panipat in Panipat district is at a distance of from Panipat town. The main building was built in 1527. Emperor Babur of Timurid dynasty defeated Sultan Ibrahim Lodhi in the first Battle of Panipat in 1526 at Panipat. It was the first conquest of the

neg: Kabuli Bagh Mosque Kabuli Bagh Mosque The Kabuli Bagh Mosque in Panipat was built in 1527 by the emperor Babur to mark his victory over Sultan Ibrahim Lodhi at the first Battle of Panipat in 1526. The mosque located in Panipat is named after Kabuli Begum, Babur's wife. The mosque located in Kabul Bagh Colony, Panipat in Panipat district is at a distance of from Panipat town. The main building was built in 1527. Emperor Babur of Timurid dynasty defeated Sultan Ibrahim Lodhi in the first Battle of Panipat in 1526 at Panipat. It was the first conquest of the Mughals over Hindustan.

neg: History of Haryana reigns of earlier Vedic kings. Hemu lost his life in the Second Battle of Panipat. The Third Battle of Panipat was fought in 1761 between the Afghan warlord Ahmad Shah Abdali and the Maratha Empire under Sadashivrao Bhau of Pune. Ahmad Shah won decisively, on 13 January 1761. During the first war of independence in 1857 the major centers of rebellion were at Hisar, Hansi, Sirsa, Rohtak, Jhajjar, Bahadurgarh, Farrukhnagar, Ballabhgarh, Rewari, Ambala, Panipat and Thanesar. Under the "Delhi Agency" there were seven princely states, Jhajjar, Farrukhnagar, Ballabhgarh, Loharu, Pataudi and Dujana. The Chiefs of the last two estates remained

neg: Panipat of Delhi, and the Turko-Mongol warlord Babur, who later established Mughal rule in Northern Indian subcontinent. Babur's force defeated Ibrahim's much larger force of over one lakh (one hundred thousand) soldiers. This first battle of Panipat thus ended the 'Lodi Rule' established by Bahlul Lodhi in Delhi. The Second Battle of Panipat was fought on 5 November 1556 between the forces of Akbar and Hem Chandra Vikramaditya, a Hindu King of Delhi. Hemu, who had captured states like Agra and Delhi defeating Akbar's army and declared himself as independent king, had a large army, and initially his forces were winning,

neg: Panipat resulting in the victory for the Afghans. Panipat is located at . It has an average elevation of 219 metres (718 feet). As per provisional data of the 2018 census, the city had a population of 873375. Panipat's urban agglomeration had a population of 873375. The literacy rate was about 83%. The wounded Hemu (a Hindu hero also known as Samrat Hem Chandra Vikramaditya) was captured by Shah Quli Khan in the Second Battle of Panipat and carried to the Mughal camp at Shodapur on Jind Road at Panipat. According to Badayuni, Bairam Khan asked Akbar to behead Hemu so

neg: Battles involving the Maratha Empire reached its peak, the empire's territories covered much of South Asia. By 1760, with defeat of the Nizam in the Deccan, Maratha power under Chhatrapati Shahu reached its zenith with a territory of over 2,800,000 km2. This was followed by the third battle of Panipat. Losses at the Third Battle of Panipat in 1761 suspended further expansion of the empire in the North-west of India and reduced the power of the Peshwas. The Third Battle of Panipat took place on 14 January 1761 at Panipat (Haryana State, India), about 60 miles (95.5 km) north of Delhi. The battle pitted the

neg: Hemu's Samadhi Sthal Hemu's Samadhi Sthal Hemu's Smadhi Sthal, is a memorial to the Hindu king Hemu at Shodapur village on Jind road near Panipat city in Panipat district of Haryana state in India. It stands at the location where he was executed. As the structure was lying unattended and in a state of neglect by Haryana Govt., it has been used by the migrant Muslims who have turned it into a Durgah. This property, more than 10 Acres in revenue records, which formed the Camp of Babur in 1526 during First Battle of Panipat and Camp of Akbar in 1556 during Second

neg: Third Battle of Panipat Third Battle of Panipat The Third Battle of Panipat took place on 14 January 1761 at Panipat, about north of Delhi, between a northern expeditionary force of the Maratha Empire and invading forces of the King of Afghanistan, Ahmad Shah Abdali, supported by two Indian allies—the Rohilla Najib-ud-daulah Afghans of the Doab, and Shuja-ud-Daula, the Nawab of Awadh. Militarily, the battle pitted the artillery and cavalry of the Marathas against the heavy cavalry and mounted artillery (zamburak and jezail) of the Afghans and Rohillas led by Abdali and Najib-ud-Daulah, both ethnic Afghans. The battle is considered one of the largest

neg: Battles involving the Maratha Empire khan. With these battle they regain there lost supremacy in North India after the Third Battle of Panipat and conquered much of the lost territories which they lost after the Third Battle of Panipat. After taking control of Delhi, Marathas sent a large army in 1772 to "punish" Afghan Rohillas for Panipat. Maratha army devastated Rohilkhand by looting and plundering and also took the members of royal family as captives. Maratha general Mahadaji was “very much pleased with the revenge taken by his men” for Panipat In 1764, following the attack by Hyder Ali on Nawabs of Savanur, who were

neg: Hisar (city) set fire to the fort. The city later come under the rule of Sayyid dynasty and Lodi dynasty before Babur defeated Ibrahim Lodi in the first battle of Panipat. When Babur invaded India in the 1524–1526, Hisar was part of Ibrahim Lodi's empire. In the battle of Panipat in 1526, Babur sent prince Humayun, who succeeded in defeating the army of Ibrahim Lodi. Babur handed over the city of Hisar to Humayun as a reward for his success on his first military expedition. In 1540, Hisar came under the control of Sher Shah Suri when he defeated Humayun but Humayun

neg: Sadashivrao Bhau Sadashiv-rao's second wife was Parvatibai. She accompanied Sadashivrao bhau during the battle of Panipat. Sadashivrao is supposed to have died in the battle of Panipat but his dead body was never found. Parvatibai refused to accept that her husband was dead and did not live a widow's life. Around 1770, a person appeared in Pune claiming to be Sadashiv-rao. He was soon busted and is known as 'totayaa' (तोतया) which means an impostor. An area of Pune is named Sadashiv-Peth in his honour. Sadashivrao Bhau Sadashiv Rao Bhau (4 August 1730 – 14 January 1761) was son of Chimaji Appa

neg: Israna to have descended from the Marathas of this war. In 2018, Ashutosh Gowariker announced a movie Panipat - the Great Battle where Arjun Kapoor and Sanjay Dutt will play Bhau and Abdali respectively. Schools in Israna, Israna Israna is a village panchayat and tehsil in Panipat district in Haryana, India. It lies in the panipat Division. It is located towards south from district headquarters Panipat and from state capital Chandigarh towards north. During Third Battle of Panipat at Kala Amb on 14 January 14 1761 between Maratha warrior Sadashivrao Bhau and Afghan invader Ahmad Shah Abdali, Bhau camped at empty

neg: Third Battle of Panipat of Bhau, and eventually returned to Pune. Peshwa Balaji Baji Rao, uninformed about the state of his army, was crossing the Narmada with reinforcements when he heard of the defeat. He returned to Pune and never recovered from the shock of the debacle at Panipat. Jankoji Scindia was taken prisoner and executed at the instigation of Najib. Ibrahim Khan Gardi was tortured and executed by enraged Afghan soldiers. The Marathas never fully recovered from the loss at Panipat, but they remained the predominant military power in India and managed to retake Delhi 10 years later. However, their claim over all

neg: Malhar Rao Holkar by the cavalry of the Durrani Empire led by Jahan Khan at the Second Battle of Sikandarabad (1760) It is alleged that he fled the battle-field in the Third Battle of Panipat thanks to Shuja-ud-Daulah, who owed him a favour, even though the nawab of Awadh was fighting against the marathas. It is written by many historians that he fought courageously in the battle-field. It is also written that Sadashivrao Bhau had entrusted him the job of saving Parvatibai as soon as told to do so. When Vishwasrao was killed and Sadashivrao Bhau felt they were about to be defeated

neg: Second Battle of Panipat and Hemu moved his contingent of war elephants and cavalry forward to crush their centre. It was at this point that Hemu, possibly on the cusp of victory, was wounded when he was struck in the eye by a chance Mughal arrow and collapsed unconscious. Seeing him going down triggered a panic in his army which broke formation and fled. The battle was lost; 5000 dead lay on the field of battle and many more were killed while fleeing. The elephant carrying the wounded Hemu was captured and led to the Mughal camp. Bairam Khan asked the 13-year-old Akbar to

neg: Qizilbash Empire won a decisive victory against armed Rajput's led by Rana Sanga. In the year 1556, Qizilbash troopers are known to have served victoriously under the command of the teenage Mughal Emperor Akbar during the Second Battle of Panipat against armed Rajput's led by Hemu. Later onward's Ahmad Shah Durrani also sought the assistance of the Qizilbash during the Third Battle of Panipat against the Maratha Confederacy, once again those Qizilbash were conscripted by the Mughal Grand Vizier, Shuja-ud-Daula in service of the Mughal Emperor Shah Alam II. Qizilbash in Afghanistan live in urban areas, such as Kabul, Herat or

neg: Third Battle of Panipat perished during and after the battle." The result of the battle was the halting of further Maratha advances in the north, and destabilization of their territories, for roughly ten years. This period is marked by the rule of Peshwa Madhavrao, who is credited with the revival of Maratha domination following the defeat at Panipat. In 1771,ten years after Panipat, he sent a large Maratha army into northern India in an expedition that was meant to re-establish Maratha domination in that area and punish refractory powers that had either sided with the Afghans, such as the Rohillas, or had shaken off

neg: Tomb of Ibrahim Lodi the era of Mughal rule commenced. In 1866, the British relocated the tomb during construction of the Grand Trunk Road and renovated it with an inscription highlighting Ibrahim Lodi’s death in the Battle of Panipat. Another memorial of some kind, however, appears to have existed which used to form a place of pilgrimage for the people of Gwalior since Vikramaditya the last Raja of the old dynasty of Gwalior, fell in the same battle. This memorial, according to Alexander Cunningham, was destroyed when the Grand Trunk Road was made. Tomb of Ibrahim Lodi The Tomb of Ibrahim Lodi in Panipat

neg: Panipat Karnal district. On 1 January 1992, it again became a separate district. According to the legend, Panipat was one of the five cities (prasthas) founded by the Pandava brothers during the times of the Mahabharata; its historic name was "Pandavaprastha" (Sanskrit: पाण्डवप्रस्थ, lit. "city of Pandavas") Panipat was the scene of three pivotal battles in Indian history. Panipat is first recorded in the Mahabharata as one of the five villages that the Pandavas demanded from Duryodhana. The five villages are the "panch pat": The First Battle of Panipat was fought on 21 April 1526 between Ibrahim Lodhi, the Afghan Sultan

neg: History of Punjab Battle of Panipat. The next year, he defeated the Rajput confederacy under Rana Sanga of Mewar, and in 1529 defeated the remnants of the Delhi sultanates. At his death in 1530 the Mughal Empire encompassed almost all of Northern India. Bābur’s son Humāyūn (reigned 1530–40 and 1555–56) had lost territory to rebels, but Humāyūn’s son Akbar (reigned 1556–1605) defeated the Hindu king Hemu at the Second Battle of Panipat (1556) and reestablished Mughal rule. Akbar's son Jahangir had furthered the size of the Mughal Empire through conquest, yet left much of the state bankrupt as a result. Jahangir's son Shah

neg: Third Battle of Panipat of India ended with the three Anglo-Maratha Wars, almost 50 years after Panipat. The Jats under Suraj Mal benefited significantly from not participating in the Battle of Panipat. They provided considerable assistance to the Maratha soldiers and civilians who escaped the fighting. Suraj Mal himself was killed in battle against Najib-ud-Daula in 1763. Suraj Mal died on 25 December 1763 fighting the Rohillas under Najib, the very people against whom he could have helped the Marathas. Ahmad Shah's victory left him, in the short term, the undisputed master of North India. However, his alliance quickly unravelled amidst squabbles between his

neg: Tomb of Ibrahim Lodi nobility when he replaced old and senior commanders by younger ones who were loyal to him. His Afghan nobility eventually invited Babur to invade India. In 1526, the Mughal forces of Babur, the king of Kabulistan (Kabul, Afghanistan), defeated Ibrahim's much larger army in the Battle of Panipat. Ibrahim was killed during the battle at Panipat and his tomb now lies there. It is estimated that Babur's forces numbered around 25,000–30,000 men and had between 20 and 24 pieces of field artillery. Ibrahim Lodi had around 30,000–40,000 men along with at least 100 elephants. After the end of Lodi dynasty,

neg: Third Battle of Panipat Panipat, killing tens of thousands of Maratha soldiers and civilians. The women and children seeking refuge in streets of Panipat were hounded back in Afghan camps as slaves. Children over 14 were beheaded before their own mothers and sisters. Afghan officers who had lost their kin in battle were permitted to carry out massacres of 'infidel' Hindus the next day also, in Panipat and the surrounding area. They arranged victory mounds of severed heads outside their camps. According to the single best eyewitness chronicle – the bakhar by Shuja-ud-Daula's Diwan Kashi Raj – about 40,000 Maratha prisoners were slaughtered in

neg: Gursarai Gursarai Gursarai is a city and a municipal board in Jhansi district in the Indian state of Uttar Pradesh. Gursarai comes in Garautha Tehsil. The town was created after a grant of land was made to Mukundraj Kher, chef of the Peshwas of Malwa for his service during the second battle of Panipat. Mukundraj is widely credited as having accidentally won the battle for the Peshwas by food poisoning the General of the later Mughals when he visited the court of the Peshwas. An act which had the immediate consequence of the withdrawal of Mughal armies from the borders of

neg: Durrani dynasty of a confrontation between two warring contenders for control of northern India. The Third Battle of Panipat (January 1761), fought between largely Muslim and largely Hindu armies was waged along a twelve-kilometer front. Despite decisively defeating the Marathas, what might have been Ahmad Shah's peaceful control of his domains was disrupted by many challenges. As far as losses are concerned, Afghans too suffered heavily in the Third Battle of Panipat. This weakened his grasp over Punjab which fell to the rising Sikh misls. There were rebellions in the north in the region of Bukhara. The victory at Panipat was the

neg: Rajdhoves become Chhetri after their birth. This is the myth got in Rajdhov society(NIRS, 2006). Panipat is a place located at Punjab region of India, now in Hariyana. It is 97 km north of Delhi and co-ordinates are 29.39⁰ N and 76.97⁰ E. In history, battle was fought thrice at that place. It was happened in 1526 AD, 1556 AD and 1761 AD. In first battle, Mughal Akabar fought against Delhi Sultan Ibrahim Lodi. In the second battle, Mughal Akabar fought against the Hindu ruler Hemu. In third battle, Durrani Empire of Afghanistan fought against Maratha Empire. In second battle, although

neg: Hemu's Samadhi Sthal forces were winning, but suddenly Hemu was struck by an arrow in the eye and he lost his senses. On not seeing him in his howdah on the back of an elephant, his army fled. The wounded Hemu was captured by Shah Quli Khan Second Battle of Panipat and carried to the Mughal camp at Shodapur on Jind Road at Panipat. According to Badayuni, Bairam Khan asked Akbar to behead Hemu so that he could earn the title of "Ghazi". Akbar replied 'He is already dead, if he had any strength for a duel, I would have killed him'. After

neg: Durrani Empire contenders for control of northern India. The Third Battle of Panipat (14 January 1761), fought between largely Muslim and largely Hindu armies was waged along a twelve-kilometer front. Despite decisively defeating the Marathas, what might have been Ahmad Shah's peaceful control of his domains was disrupted by many challenges. As far as losses are concerned, Afghans too suffered heavily in the Third Battle of Panipat. This weakened his grasp over Punjab which fell to the rising Sikh misls. There were rebellions in the north in the region of Bukhara. The victory at Panipat was the high point of Ahmad Shah's—and

neg: Maratha Resurrection capture of Nazibabad in 1772 and with the installation of Mughal Emperor Shah Alam II to the throne under Maratha suzerainty, Marathas recovered from the loss of Panipat to a large extent. Maratha Resurrection Maratha Resurrection is a term used to describe the period between the Third Battle of Panipat on January 14, 1761 and capture of Najibabad in 1773. In the Third Battle of Panipat, the Maratha Empire suffered a serious blow at the hands of combined forces of Durrani Empire, the Nawab of Awadh and Rohillas under Najib ad-Dawlah. Their power was virtually wiped out of the North

neg: Second Battle of Panipat behead Hemu, but he refused to take the sword to a dying man. Akbar was persuaded to touch Hemu's head with his sword after which Bairam Khan executed him. Hemu's head was sent to Kabul while his body was gibbeted on a gate in Delhi. A minaret was subsequently constructed of the heads of the other dead. Hemu's supporters would later erect a memorial for him at the spot in Panipat where he was beheaded. It is now known as "Hemu's Samadhi Sthal". With the passing of Hemu, Adil Shah's fortunes also took a turn for the worse. He was

neg: Third Battle of Panipat cold blood the day after the battle. According to Mr. Hamilton of Bombay Gazette about half a million Marathi people were present there in Panipat town and he gives a figure of 40,000 prisoners as executed by Afghans. Many of the fleeing Maratha women jumped into the Panipat wells rather than risk rape and dishonour. All of the prisoners were transported on bullock carts, camels and elephants in bamboo cages. Siyar-ut-Mutakhirin says: The bodies of Vishwasrao and Bhau were recovered by the Marathas and were cremated according to their custom. Bhau's wife Parvatibai was saved by Holkar, per the directions

neg: Second Battle of Panipat Humayun's successor, the 13-year-old Akbar and his guardian Bairam Khan soon set off for Delhi. In a stroke of luck, Ali Quli Khan Shaibani (later "Khan-i-Zaman"), who had been sent ahead with 10,000-strong cavalry force, chanced upon Hemu's artillery which was being transported under a weak guard. He was easily able to capture the entire train of artillery from the Afghans who abandoned the guns and fled without making a stand. This would prove to be a costly loss for Hemu. On 5 November 1556, the Mughal army met Hemu's army at the historic battlefield of Panipat. Akbar and Bairam

neg: Israna Israna Israna is a village panchayat and tehsil in Panipat district in Haryana, India. It lies in the panipat Division. It is located towards south from district headquarters Panipat and from state capital Chandigarh towards north. During Third Battle of Panipat at Kala Amb on 14 January 14 1761 between Maratha warrior Sadashivrao Bhau and Afghan invader Ahmad Shah Abdali, Bhau camped at empty space near Israna and his army camped at Bhadar. Bhaupur is named after Sadashivrao Bhau. Maratha's built Pragateshwar Mahadev Temple at Bhadar and another Devi temple in the Panipat city. Some of the Ror community claims

neg: Rajdhoves to Islam. During the third battle of Panipat (1761 AD) again the Afghans (Muslims) repeated the same massacre. Mass of surrendered Maratha soldiers were handcuffed and then murdered, their heads chopped off by Afghans. The Afghan cavalry and pikemen ran wild through the streets of Panipat, killing tens of thousands of Maratha soldiers and civilians. The women and children seeking refuge in streets of Panipat were hounded back in Afghan camps as slaves. Children over 14 were beheaded before their own mothers and sisters. Afghan officers who had lost their kin in battle were permitted to carry out massacres of

neg: History of Hinduism seat of Peshwas, flowered as a centre of Hindu learning and traditions. The empire at its peak stretched from Tamil Nadu in the south, to Peshawar (modern-day Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan ) in the north, and Bengal and Andaman Islands in the east. In 1761, the Maratha army lost the Third Battle of Panipat to Ahmad Shah Abdali of the Afghan Durrani Empire which halted their imperial expansion into Afghanistan. Ten years after Panipat, the young Peshwa Madhavrao I's Maratha Resurrection reinstated Maratha authority over North India. In 1761, the Maratha army lost the Third Battle of Panipat to Ahmad Shah

neg: Third Battle of Panipat British East India Company. Najib died on 30 October 1770. The valour displayed by the Marathas was praised by Ahmad Shah Abdali. The Third Battle of Panipat saw an enormous number of deaths and injuries in a single day of battle. It was the last major battle between indigenous South Asian military powers until the creation of Pakistan and India in 1947. To save their kingdom, the Mughals once again changed sides and welcomed the Afghans to Delhi. The Mughals remained in nominal control over small areas of India, but were never a force again. The empire officially ended in

neg: Third Battle of Panipat of a "round battle" and wanted to fight using guerilla tactics instead of charging the enemy head-on. The Marathas were fighting alone at a place which was 1000 miles away from their capital Pune. Raghunathrao was supposed to go north to handle the situation. Raghunathrao asked for large amount and an army, which was denied by Sadashivrao Bhau, his cousin and Diwan of Peshwa, so he declined to go. Sadashivrao Bhau was there upon made commander in chief of the Maratha Army, under whom the Battle of Panipat was fought. Peshwa's decision to appoint Sadashivrao Bhau as the Supreme Commander

neg: First Battle of Panipat He defeated them and drove Alam's army off; and Babur realised Lodi would not allow him to occupy the Punjab. Hearing of the size of Ibrahim's army, Babur secured his right flank against the city of Panipat, while digging a trench covered with tree branches to secure his left flanks. In the center, he placed 700 carts tied together with ropes. Between every two carts there were breastworks for his matchlockmen. Babur also ensured there was enough space for his cavalry to charge between these carts. When Ibrahim's army arrived, he found the approach to Babur's army too narrow to

neg: Bala Hissar, Kabul Bala Hissar was originally divided into two parts: The lower fortress, containing the stables, barracks and three royal palaces, and the upper fortress (the actual fort with the name Bala Hissar) housing the armory and the dungeon of Kabul, known as the "Black Pit" (the Siyah Chal). The Second Battle of Panipat was fought in 1556 between the forces of Akbar and Hemu, a Hindu general. Hemu had the larger army, and initially his forces were winning, but he was wounded by an arrow and taken prisoner. When he was brought before the Mughal commanders, Bairam Khan killed him. Hemu's

neg: Bairam Khan under Humayun when he was entrusted with the position of "muhardar" (keeper of the seals) and took part in military campaigns in Benares, Bengal and Gujarat. He accompanied Humayun during his exile in Persia and helped conquer Kandahar before serving as its governor for nine years. In 1556, he played a leading role as a commander in Humayun's reconquest of Hindustan. Following Humayun's death in 1556, Bairam Khan was appointed regent over the young monarch Akbar. As regent, he consolidated Mughal authority in northern India and most notably led the Mughal forces at the Second Battle of Panipat, which was

neg: Ahmad Shah Durrani Maratha groups had coalesced into a big enough army under the command of Sadashivrao Bhau. Once again, Panipat was the scene of a battle for control of northern India. The Third battle of Panipat was fought between Durrani's Afghan forces and the Maratha forces in January 1761, and resulted in a decisive Durrani victory. This brought Punjab till north of Sutlej river under Afghan control. Ahmad Shah Durrani vacated Delhi soon after the battle. The historical area of what is modern day Xinjiang consisted of the distinct areas of the Tarim Basin and Dzungaria, and was originally populated by Indo-European

neg: Third Battle of Panipat largely untouched by the battle. They soon retook Lahore. When Ahmad Shah returned in March 1764 he was forced to break off his siege after only two weeks due to a rebellion in Afghanistan. He returned again in 1767, but was unable to win any decisive battle. With his own troops complaining about not being paid, he eventually lost the region to the Sikhs, who remained in control until 1849 when it was annexed by the British Empire. The battle was referred to in Rudyard Kipling's poem "With Scindia to Delhi". It is, however, also remembered as a scene of

neg: Panipat inscription 934 Hijri (1557 CE). These buildings and the garden still exist under the name of Kabuli Bagh called so after Babur’s wife – Mussammat Kabuli begum. According to the tradition, the site 8 km from Panipat and 42 km from Karnal, where Sadashiv Rao Bhau commanded his Maratha forces during the third battle of Panipat was marked by a black Mango Tree (Kala Amb) which has since disappeared. The dark colour of its foliage was probably the origin of the name. The site has a brick Pillar with an iron rod and the structure is surrounded by an iron

neg: Salt Range Indian Mahabharata Warrior Prince Arjun Dev Pandav. About 1500 Janjua Rajputs warrior cavalry fought in the battle of Panipat from this area in support of Babur under the command Malik Hast Khan Janjua (Asad). Sultan Lashkar Janjua and Raja Sanghral Ali Khan Janjuas were also commanding their own Muslim Janjua Rajputs during Battle of Panipat and Battle of Khanwa against Rana Sanga. All of them were rulers of these Hills and chieftains of this ruling Rajput clan. Before these hills were known as Koh-e-jodh,it was on the name of Raja Jodh Janjua son of Raja Mal Dev Khan Janjua. Two

neg: Amir Kulal 932H/1525AD in his fifth expedition to Hindustan accompanied him to India. In his memoirs Babur writes that on entering Dehli after the victorious battle of Panipat in 932H/1526AD against Sultan Ibrahim Lodi he asked Shaykh Zain ud-Dīn to lead the Friday prayers and recite the Khutba (proclamation) in his name. Decrees of the Emperor announcing victories at the battle of Panipat and against Rana Sanga and the Rajput coalition at the battle of Khanua 933H/March 17, 1527AD were composed by Shaykh Zain ud-Dīn which were copied and dispatched to the entire realm. Shaykh Zain ud-Dīn was "Sadr-us-Sudur" responsible for the

neg: Rajdhoves 'infidel' Hindus the next day also, in Panipat and the surrounding area. They arranged victory mounds of severed heads outside their camps. According to the single best eye-witness chronicle- the bakhar by Shuja-ud-Daula's Diwan Kashi Raj, about 40,000 Maratha prisoners were slaughtered in cold blood - the day after the battle. According to Mr. Hamilton of Bombay Gazette about half a million Marathi people was present there in Panipat town and he gives a figure of 70,000 prisoners as executed by Afghans. Many of the fleeing Maratha women jumped into the Panipat wells rather than risk rape and dishonor (NIRS,

neg: Second Battle of Panipat been murdered by his maternal uncle who had taken the throne as Adil Shah Suri. The new ruler was however, more interested in the pursuit of pleasure than in the affairs of his state. Those were largely left to Hemu, a Hindu from Rewari, who had risen from humble circumstances to become both Adil Shah's Chief Minister as well as the general of the Suri army. He was in Bengal when Humayun died on 26 January 1556. The Mughal emperor's death provided an ideal opportunity to defeat the Mughals and reclaim lost territory. Hemu started a rapid march from Bengal

neg: Najib ad-Dawlah de facto ruler of Delhi, while the Mughal emperor was left with no actual power. His forces had to clash with the advancing Marathas in Delhi in the Siege of Delhi, 1757. Delhi was captured by Marathas and he was allowed safe exit from Delhi. In the Third battle of Panipat, during the Maratha Conquests, he allied himself with the Durranis led by Ahmad Shah Durrani (also known as Ahmad Shah Abdali, against the Marathas. Najib Khan was clever enough to understand changed ground realities after third battle of Panipat. His brilliant political acumen was used by Ahmed Shah Abdali

neg: Vishwasrao Vishwasrao Vishwas Rao (March 7, 1741 – January 14, 1761) was the eldest son of Balaji Baji Rao, Peshwa of Pune (the prime minister and de facto ruler/administrator) of the Maratha Empire and also was the heir to the title of Peshwa of Maratha Empire. He was killed during the period of the most intense fighting (Approx. between 01pm and 02:30pm) at Third Battle of Panipat, fighting on the front lines. It is generally accepted that the third battle of Panipat, which hung in balance till his death, moved decisively in favour of the Afghans and ended up in victory

neg: History of Lahore never really did succeed in pacifying his nobles. Subsequently, Daulat Khan, the governor of Punjab and Alam Khan, his uncle, sent an invitation to Babur, the ruler of Kabul to invade Delhi. The first Battle of Panipat (April 1526) was fought between the forces of Babur and the Delhi Sultanate. Ibrahim Lodi was killed on the battlefield. By way of superior generalship, vast experience in warfare, effective strategy, and appropriate use of artillery, Babur won the First battle of Panipat and subsequently occupied Agra and Delhi. Lahore reached a peak of architectural glory during the rule of the Mughals, whose

neg: Deeg India, Shamsher Bahadur (the son of Baji Rao I and Mastani) died at Deeg around the 20January, 1761, of wounds sustained at the Battle of Panipat. During 1804, both the Battle of Deeg and the Siege of Deeg brought the British East India Company into conflict with Bharatpur's Jat rulers and their Maratha allies for control of the area. The 1972 movie by Conrad Rooks, Siddhartha, based on Herman Hesse's novel, was shot in Deeg. Additional scenes in the film were shot in Keoladeo Ghana Sanctuary, Bharatpur. Deeg is known for the three-day fair held in the month of September,

neg: Third Battle of Panipat about whether the Marathas would honour any agreement. After the Marathas moved from Kunjpura to Panipat, Diler Khan Marwat, with his father Alam Khan Marwat and a force of 2500 Pashtuns, attacked and took control of Kunjpura, where there was a Maratha garrison of 700–800 soldiers. At that time Atai Khan Baluch, son of the Wazir of Abdali, came from Afghanistan with 10,000 cavalry and cut off the supplies to the Marathas. The Marathas at Panipat were surrounded by Abdali in the south, Pashtun Tribes (Yousuf Zai, Afridi, Khattak) in the east, Shuja, Atai Khan and others in the north

neg: Jodhaa Akbar playing her character was to wear the jewellery as she found them quite heavy to bedeck. The jewels were designed using miniature paintings from Mughal literature and Akbar's autobiography by Abu'l-Fazl ibn Mubarak, the "Akbarnama" as influences. The scabbards used by the lead actors in the film weighed two kilograms. Filming commenced in early November 2006 at Jaipur with the climax sequence with Roshan and Dheer, and the First Battle of Panipat. Palace scenes featuring Rai as Jodhaabai before her marriage to Akbar were filmed at the Roopangarh Fort in Kishangarh. The sequence featuring the Battle of Panipat was shot

neg: Third Battle of Panipat October they were able to cross at Baghpat(a small town about 24 miles up the river), unopposed by the Marathas who were still preoccupied with the sacking of Kunjpura. To counter this Raghunathrao was supposed to go north to handle the situation. Raghunathrao asked for large amount and an army, which was denied by Sadashivrao Bhau, his cousin and Diwan of Peshwa, so he declined to go. Sadashivrao Bhau was there upon made commander in chief of the Maratha Army, under whom the Battle of Panipat was fought. After the Marathas failed to prevent Abdali's forces from crossing the Yamuna

neg: Maratha conquest of North-west India small Maratha garrison. On 24 December 1759, a battle was fought between Deattaji and Abdali in which Dattaji was defeated with a loss of 2500 Maratha soldiers. As a consequence of victory, Abdali managed to join forces with Najib-ud-Daula. Najib defeated and killed Dattaji at Burari Ghat near Delhi in January, 1760. Abdali followed him. Peshwa Balaji Baji Rao sent his cousin Sadashivrao Bhau to repel Abdali which finally resulted in the Third Battle of Panipat where Abdali decisively defeated Marathas. Panipat debacle was such a blow to the Maratha Empire that it could not enter the north India for

neg: Third Battle of Panipat Despite Bhau's success, the over-enthusiasm of the charge, the attack didn't achieve complete success as many of the half-starved Maratha mounts were exhausted. The Marathas, under Scindia, attacked Najib. Najib successfully fought a defensive action, however, keeping Scindia's forces at bay. By noon it looked as though Bhau would clinch victory for the Marathas once again. The Afghan left flank still held its own, but the centre was cut in two and the right was almost destroyed. Ahmad Shah had watched the fortunes of the battle from his tent, guarded by the still unbroken forces on his left. He sent

neg: Maratha Resurrection Maratha Resurrection Maratha Resurrection is a term used to describe the period between the Third Battle of Panipat on January 14, 1761 and capture of Najibabad in 1773. In the Third Battle of Panipat, the Maratha Empire suffered a serious blow at the hands of combined forces of Durrani Empire, the Nawab of Awadh and Rohillas under Najib ad-Dawlah. Their power was virtually wiped out of the North India and the confederacy itself experienced fragmentation. The Bhonsles of Nagpur did not participate and tried to remain aloof of the aftermaths too. After the death of Balaji Bajirao, Madhavrao I became

neg: Ahmad Shah Durrani Durrani's victory over the Marathas influenced the history of the subcontinent and, in particular, British policy in the region. His refusal to continue his campaigns deeper into India prevented a clash with the East India Company and allowed them to continue to acquire power and influence after they took complete control of the former Mughal province of Bengal in 1793. However, fear of another Afghan invasion was to haunt British policy for almost half a century after the battle of Panipat. The acknowledgment of Abdali's military accomplishments is reflected in a British intelligence report on the Battle of Panipat, which

neg: Pune district moved his administration from Saswad to Pune in 1728, laying the foundation for turning a kasbah into a large city. Pune grew in size and influence as Maratha rule extended through the subcontinent in subsequent decades. A well-known saying in the era before the third battle of Panipat was that the "ponies of Bhimthadi drank the water of the Indus river". Pune gained more influence under the rule of Baji Rao I's son, Balaji Baji Rao (Nanasaheb). Maratha influence waned after the disastrous 1761 Battle of Panipat, and the Nizam of Hyderabad looted the city. It (and the empire) recovered

neg: Barcha battle of Panipat by the Maratha general Sadashivrao Bhau.("See : Third battle of Panipat") . Another version of this weapon is the Ballam, a throwing spear effectively used to bring down infantry and cavalrymen at a distance. Barcha Barsha is a type of lance with a wooden handle, once common in South Asia (the word itself is Hindi). They were common in the 16th century. The weapon found itself very handy with the emerging Marathas in early seventeenth century. It was lighter to carry in the mountainous terrain and easier to manufacture. A skilled spearman (bhalaeet) could keep a heavily

neg: Second Battle of Panipat himself into battle, atop an elephant named "Hawai". His left was led by his sister's son, Ramya, and the right by Shadi Khan Kakkar. His army was an experienced and confident lot and Hemu had, by this time, been victorious in 22 battles for Adil Shah. In this battle however, Hemu had no artillery. Hemu began the attack himself and loosed his elephants among the right and left wings of the Mughals. Those soldiers who were able to escape the rampage, rather than retreating, chose to veer to the sides and attack the flanks of Hemu's cavalry, pelting them with

neg: Third Battle of Panipat heavily disputed by historians, but it is believed that between 60,000–70,000 were killed in fighting, while the numbers of injured and prisoners taken vary considerably. According to the single best eyewitness chronicle—the bakhar by Shuja-ud-Daulah's Diwan Kashi Raj—about 40,000 Maratha prisoners were slaughtered in cold blood the day after the battle. Grant Duff includes an interview of a survivor of these massacres in his "History of the Marathas" and generally corroborates this number. Shejwalkar, whose monograph "Panipat 1761" is often regarded as the single best secondary source on the battle, says that "not less than 100,000 Marathas (soldiers and non-combatants)

neg: History of Haryana refers to this region as "The heaven on earth", indicating that it was fertile and relatively peaceful at that time. Firoz Shah Tughlaq established a fort at Hisar in 1354 to further fortify the region, and also constructed canals or "rajwahas" as they were referred to in the Indo-Persian historical texts. The three famous battles of Panipat took place near the modern town of Panipat. The first battle took place in 1526, where Babur, the ruler of Kabul defeated Ibrahim Lodi of the Delhi Sultanate, through the use of field artillery. This battle marked the beginning of the Mughal empire

neg: Third Battle of Panipat Sikhs. Shah Shuja was to regret his decision to join the Afghan forces. In time his forces became embroiled in clashes between the orthodox Sunni Afghans and his own Shia followers. He is alleged to have later secretly sent letters to Bhausaheb through his spies regretting his decision to join Abdali. After the Battle of Panipat the services of the Rohillas were rewarded by grants of Shikohabad to Nawab Faiz-ullah Khan and of Jalesar and Firozabad to Nawab Sadullah Khan. Najib Khan proved to be an effective ruler. However, after his death in 1770, the Rohillas were defeated by the

neg: Rajdhoves 2006). In fact, second and third battle of Panipat was religious battle. Muslims fought against Hindus. It was the campaign of extinction of Chhetri. Mogri, Sultan Khan, Nurjam, Mogal continued the campaign. During the regime of King Maharana Pratap Singh, the Sultan of Delhi Samsudin Tublak Haque accelerated the campaign and started to search and destroy mission for killing each and every Chhetris. As per Rajdhov mythology, there were 18 MAN (MAN is a unit of weight and 1 MAN = 40 kg) JANAI (a sacred thread of Hindu wear by Chhetri and Brahman) was collected from the dead body

neg: Third Battle of Panipat River, they set up defensive works in the ground near Panipat, thereby blocking his access back to Afghanistan, just as Abdali's forces blocked theirs to the south. However, on the afternoon of 26 October, Ahmad Shah's advance guard reached Sambalka, about halfway between Sonepat and Panipat, where they encountered the vanguard of the Marathas. A fierce skirmish ensued, in which the Afghans lost 1000 men but drove the Marathas back to their main body, which kept retreating slowly for several days. This led to the partial encirclement of the Maratha army. In skirmishes that followed, Govind Pant Bundele, with 10,000

neg: Grand vizier was the Grand Vizier of the Mughal Empire, who led the forces of Akbar to victory during the Second Battle of Panipat (in which the allies of the Mughal Empire were victorious but suffered the most casualties in a large scale battle). Abu'l-Fazl ibn Mubarak, Grand Vizier of the Mughal Empire during the reign of Akbar. Sadullah Khan, Grand Vizier of the Mughal Empire during the reign of Shah Jahan. During the reign of Aurangzeb, Ali Quli Khan was bestowed this title. Later general Zulfiqar Khan Nusrat Jung became Grand Vizier, his fame as one of the most greatest military

neg: Agra Fort defeat at Third Battle of Panipat by Ahmad Shah Abdali in 1761, Marathas remained out of the region for the next decade. Finally Mahadji Shinde took the fort in 1785. It was lost by the Marathas to the British during the Second Anglo-Maratha War, in 1803. The fort was the site of a battle during the Indian rebellion of 1857, which caused the end of the British East India Company's rule in India, and led to a century of direct rule of India by Britain. The fort has a semicircular plan, its chord lies parallel to the river and its

neg: History of India of Timur and Genghis Khan from Fergana Valley (modern day Uzbekistan), swept across the Khyber Pass and established the Mughal Empire, which at its zenith covered modern day Afghanistan, Pakistan, India and Bangladesh. However, his son Humayun was defeated by the Afghan warrior Sher Shah Suri in the year 1540, and Humayun was forced to retreat to Kabul. After Sher Shah's death, his son Islam Shah Suri and his Hindu general Hemu Vikramaditya had established secular rule in North India from Delhi until 1556. After winning Battle of Delhi, Akbar's forces defeated Hemu in the Second Battle of Panipat on

neg: Kaimganj Battle of Fategarh and Farrukhabad, they defeated the Rohillas and Bangash (March 1751 – April 1752). As result of this Battle Rohillas were compelled to pay a compensation amount of 3 million Rupees along with an annual tribute. The amount of tribute was half of the total collections from 33 Mahals of Rohilkhand and Farrukhabad. Rohillas were also forced to pay the total expenses for the management of the troops for Gangwar and Katiyar Maratha sardars stationed at Aliganj and Kannauj respectively. Ahmad Khan continued to pay the amount till the third battle of Panipat in 1761, when the Marathas

neg: Islamic rulers in the Indian subcontinent but these activities were based more on tradition than on contemporary political realities. When the rulers of the five Deccan sultanates combined their forces and attacked Vijayanagara in 1565, the empire crumbled at the Battle of Talikot. Most Muslim rulers of south India were Shia muslims. The Mughal Empire was an empire that at its greatest territorial extent ruled most of the Indian subcontinent between 1526 and 1707. The empire was founded by the Turco-Mongol leader Babur in 1526, when he defeated Ibrahim Lodi, the last Pashtun ruler of the Delhi Sultanate at the First Battle of Panipat. The word

neg: Second Battle of Panipat in 1540. Delhi and Agra fell into Sher Shah's hands, but he died soon after in 1545 at Kalinjar. He was succeeded by his younger son, Islam Shah Suri, who was a capable ruler. However, upon his death in 1553, the Sur Empire was caught up in a succession battle and was plagued by rebellion and the secession of provinces. Humayun made use of this discord to recapture what was lost and on 23 July 1555, the Mughals defeated Sikandar Shah Suri and finally regained control over Delhi and Agra. Islam Shah's rightful successor, his 12-year-old son, Firoz Khan, had

neg: Panipat Junction railway station Panipat Junction railway station Panipat railway station is located in Panipat district in the Indian state of Haryana and serves the historic and industrial town of Panipat . The Delhi-Panipat-Ambala-Kalka line was opened in 1891. The foundation stone for the shifting of Rohtak- Makrauli section of Rohtak- Gohana- Panipat line was laid in 2013. Sabjimandi-Sonipat-Panipat-Karnal sector was electrified in 1992-1995. Panipat-Jind line and Panipat-Rohtak line were electrified in 2018-19. Panipat junction railway station is a major junction in Delhi-NCR. In Panipat almost 110 trains halt here with more than 50,000 person travels daily. Its A grade category station. Its 5

neg: Shah Quli Khan (governor) Mughal court. In the 1550s, a series of wars broke out between the Mughals and the Sur Empire. Quli Khan was deployed with the Mughal army during the war, and distinguished himself during the conflicts. During the pivotal Second Battle of Panipat in 1556, Quli fought against and wounded Hemi, the commander of the Sur army. The battle was a decisive victory for the Mughal empire, and Emperor Akbar commended Quli for his role in the victory, showering him with wealth, titles, and land. In the 1570s, Quli Khan was named as the Mughal governor of Narnaul. As governor, Quli

neg: Second Battle of Panipat and drove the Mughals out of Bayana, Etawah, Bharthana, Bidhuna, Lakhna, Sambhal, Kalpi, and Narnaul. In Agra, the governor evacuated the city and fled without a fight upon hearing of Hemu's impending invasion. In pursuit of the governor, Hemu reached Tughlaqabad, a village just outside Delhi where he ran into the forces of the Mughal governor of Delhi, Tardi Beg Khan, and defeated them in the Battle of Tughlaqabad. He took possession of Delhi after a day's battle on 7 October 1556 and claimed royal status assuming the title of Vikramaditya (or "Bikramjit"). On hearing the disastrous news from Tughlaqabad,

neg: Maratha Army He served the Marathas in the infamous Third Battle of Panipat. In a bid to "Westernize" the artillery, circa 1777, there is a mention of a Portuguese officer named "Naronha" heading the Peshwa’s artillery and further he had a number of European artillery men working under him. During the notable Third Battle of Panipat in 1761, out of the total 70,000 Maratha Army men, some 8000 or 9000 were artillery (Gardi Infantry). They possessed 200 cannons (consisting of heavy field-pieces as well as light camel or elephant-mounted "zambaruks" (a swivel gun equivalent) During this era, sources state that the Marathas

neg: Ahmad Shah Bahadur Amir of Bhawalpur remained aligned to Alamgir II. Only before the prelude to the Third Battle of Panipat became subjects of the Durrani Empire. However, Qamaruddin Khan's son Muin ul-Mulk also a recognised war hero from the Battle of Manipur, was placed as the Mughal viceroy of Punjab, by the new Mughal Emperor Ahmad Shah Bahadur. The Battle of Manipur had a considerable impact on the tactical prowess of Ahmad Shah Bahadur. When he became emperor, he is known to have introduced and organised the "Purbiya" artillerymen corps particularly in the years 1754-51 to combat the invading Durranis and the

neg: Pune district during this period. The dancers primarily came from the Mang and Mahar castes. Lavani used to be essential part of Holi celebrations in the region's Peshwa courts. Peshwa influence in India declined after the defeat of Maratha forces in the 1761 Battle of Panipat, but Pune remained the seat of power. However, the city's fortunes declined rapidly after the 1795 accession of Baji Rao II. Pune was captured by Yashwantrao Holkar in the 1802 Battle of Pune, precipitating the Second Anglo-Maratha War of 1803–1805. Peshwa rule ended with the defeat of Baji Rao II by the British East India Company,

neg: Pune developed Saras Baug, Heera Baug, Parvati Hill and new commercial, trading, and residential localities. Sadashiv Peth, Narayan Peth, Rasta Peth and Nana Peth were developed. The Peshwa's influence in India declined after the defeat of Maratha forces at the Battle of Panipat but Pune remained the seat of power. In 1802 Pune was captured by Yashwantrao Holkar in the Battle of Pune, directly precipitating the Second Anglo-Maratha War of 1803–1805. The Peshwa rule ended with the defeat of Peshwa Bajirao II by the British East India Company in 1818. The Third Anglo-Maratha War broke out between the Marathas and the

neg: Shuja-ud-Daula regions of the Mughal Empire from the British East India Company and Mir Jafar. While Shuja-ud-Daula, Najib-ul-Daula and Mirza Jawan Bakht allied themselves with Ahmad Shah Durrani and assisted his forces during the Second Battle of Sikandarabad in the year 1760 and later led a Mughal Army of 43,000 during the Third Battle of Panipat. After escaping from Delhi due to the murder of his father the Mughal Emperor Alamgir II, the young Prince Ali Gauhar was well received by Shuja-ud-Daula. The Nawab of Awadh and the newly appointed Mughal Grand Vizier Shuja-ud-Daula assured Prince Ali Gauhar that he and

neg: Second Battle of Panipat Afghan attack relented. Seeing the Afghan attack slackening, Ali Quli Khan led his cavalry out, circling around and falling upon the Afghan centre from the rear. Hemu, monitoring the battlefield from his howdah atop Hawai, immediately hurried to counter this charge. Even after seeing Shadi Khan Kakkar and another of his able lieutenants, Bhagwan Das, go down, he continued to lead counterattacks against the Mughals, running down any who challenged his elephants. It was a desperately contested battle but the advantage seemed to have tilted in favour of Hemu. Both the wings of the Mughal army had been driven back

neg: Panipat Junction railway station South and Samalkha. Panipat-Meerut rail line, costing Rs 2200 crore, construction work will commence in year 2019. Delhi-Chandigarh semi high speed rail corridor with 200 km/hr via Ambala Cantt and Panipat will commence construction work in 2019. Cost of this corridor 11,218 crore. Panipat Junction railway station Panipat railway station is located in Panipat district in the Indian state of Haryana and serves the historic and industrial town of Panipat . The Delhi-Panipat-Ambala-Kalka line was opened in 1891. The foundation stone for the shifting of Rohtak- Makrauli section of Rohtak- Gohana- Panipat line was laid in 2013. Sabjimandi-Sonipat-Panipat-Karnal sector was

neg: Grand vizier Punjab Safdarjung's efforts to defend reign Ahmad Shah Bahadur's from subjects treacherous subjects failed. Shuja-ud-Daula served as the leading Grand Vizier of the Mughal Empire during the Third Battle of Panipat, he was also the Nawab of Awadh, and a loyal ally of Shah Alam II. Grand vizier In the Ottoman Empire, the Grand Vizier () () was the "prime minister" of any soverign state in the pre-modern Greater Middle East. The office of Grand Vizier was first held by officials in the Abbasid Dynasty, later the Ottoman Empire even in the Mughal Empire. The Grand Vizier Viewer is authorized

neg: Maratha Peshwa and Generals from Bhat Family Sadashivrao's birth, which led to Chimajiappa's second marriage to Annapuurnabai. Bajirao and Mastani had a son named Shamsher Bahadur Sadashivrao Bhau’s first wife's name was Umabai. She gave birth to two sons who died as soon. Umabai died in 1750. His second wife was Parvatibai. She accompanied Sadashivrao bhau during the battle of Panipat. .His widow Gangabai (nee Sathe) who was pregnant at the time of murder gave birth to their son Sawai Madhavrao Peshwa. Madhavrao was the son of Peshwa Narayanrao and his wife, Gangabail Gangabai (Nee, Sathe) was pregnant at the time of Narayanrao's murder. After Narayanrao's murder,

neg: Maratha Peshwa and Generals from Bhat Family married Radhabai Barve (1690–1752) and had two sons & two daughters. Bajirao was married to Kashibai (née Barve), and had two sons together: Balaji Bajirao Peshwa (Nanasaheb) who was later appointed Peshwa by Shahu in 1740. Their second son was named Raghunathrao. Bajirao also took Mastani as the second wife who was the daughter of Maharaja Chhatrasal of Panna by a Persian Muslim wife. Chimajiappa was married to Rakhmabai (Pethe family). He had only son, Sadashivrao known popularly as Sadashivrao Bhau who led the Maratha forces in the Third Battle of Panipat against Ahmad Shah Abdali. Rakhmabai died shortly after

neg: Vinchurkar family Vinchurkars held forty five villages in Nasik as well as elsewhere in Maratha Empire of which yeola was one. The Vinchurkar family also played a crucial role in the Third Battle of Panipat which took place in 14 January 1761, Where the army of Marathas fought Afghan invader Ahmad Shah Durrani. Vitthal Narsingh Vinchurkar was the Sardar of Peshwa and one of the grandees of Maratha Empire who continued to be loyal to Peshwa almost to the bitter end. The Vinchurkars have their land of inams and watans in Khandesh. After the defeat of Bajirao II by Yashwantrao Holkar at

neg: Panipat but suddenly he was struck by an arrow in the eye and fell unconscious. On not seeing him in his howdah on the back of an elephant, his army fled. He was executed shortly thereafter. His head was sent to Kabul to be hanged outside Delhi Darwaza, and his torso was hanged outside Purana Quila in Delhi. The Third Battle of Panipat was fought on 14 January 1761 between the Maratha Empire and the Afghan and Baloch invaders. The Maratha Empire was led by Sadashivrao Bhau Peshwa and the Afghans were led by Ahmadshah Abdali. The Afghans had a total

neg: Battle of Patan Nagas held on to their positions before finally being overwhelmed at around 9 pm in the night. The victory at Patan destroyed the armies of the two most powerful Rajput kingdoms of India and forced them to pay heavy tributes to the Scindia's. Ismail begs army was also reduced to a few hundred men and was forced to flee. This victory also showed the whole subcontinent that Maratha power had not faded after Panipat and helped consolidate Maratha rule in northern India. Pitted against European armed and French trained Marathas, Rajput states capitulated one after the other. Marathas managed to