query: what is the origin of the name illinois

pos: Illinois by the federal government and later organized as states. Connecticut ceded northern Illinois in 1786 (see Connecticut Western Reserve). The Illinois-Wabash Company was an early claimant to much of Illinois. The Illinois Territory was created on February 3, 1809, with its capital at Kaskaskia, an early French settlement. During the discussions leading up to Illinois's admission to the Union, the proposed northern boundary of the state was moved twice. The original provisions of the Northwest Ordinance had specified a boundary that would have been tangent to the southern tip of Lake Michigan. Such a boundary would have left Illinois with

pos: Carlyle, Illinois store, a mercantile business located at what is now 301 Fairfax Street. In 1818, a man named Calvin Barnes laid out town lots. On March 10, 1819, a post office was first established under the name Carlisle, Illinois. This spelling might have been a clerical error. The area was settled after the 1809 creation of the Illinois Territory but before Illinois achieved statehood, six to seven years after John Hill had already built his establishment. Illinois' first state capitol was located in Kaskaskia, but in 1820 the state decided that it should be moved. Carlyle lost to Vandalia by one

neg: Springfield, Illinois popular food items: the corn dog is claimed to have been invented in the city under the name "Cozy Dog", although there is some debate to the origin of the snack. The horseshoe sandwich, not well known outside of central Illinois, also originated in Springfield. Springfield was once the site of the Reisch Beer brewery, which operated for 117 years under the same name and family from 1849 to 1966. The Maid-Rite Sandwich Shop in Springfield still operates what it claims as the first U.S. drive-thru window. The city is also known for its chili, or "chilli", as it is

neg: Church of Christ, Instrumental The Kelleyites owe their name and origin to Samuel Kelley. Kelley was born in 1817 in what is now Pike County, Arkansas, but in early adulthood he moved to Illinois. In Illinois, he first connected himself to the Methodists, but later joined the Baptists and was ordained by them in 1838. Shortly after this he returned to Arkansas. A difference in practice between the Baptists with whom he was connected in Illinois and the Baptists in Arkansas was evidently a contributing factor to the rise of the Kelley division of the missionary Baptist church. Among other things, the Baptists in

neg: U.S. Route 66 in Illinois enjoyed success alongside what were mostly "mom-and pop" eateries dotting the Mother Road. Some locations along Route 66 in Illinois became known for their cuisine. One example is the state capital, Springfield. The city has long had an affiliation with food. The corn dog on a stick was invented in the city under the name "Cozy Dog", although there is some debate to the actual origin of the popular snack. The Cozy Dog Drive In has been a Springfield Route 66 staple since 1950. One of the first U.S. drive-thru restaurant windows is still in operation in Springfield on Route

neg: Provel cheese answer for the origin of the name, although one popular theory is that it is a portmanteau of the words provolone and mozzarella, two of the cheeses for which it is substituted. Another rumored name origin is that "Provel" comes from the name provolone, removing the "-one" as it is made up of more than one type of cheese. As a processed cheese, Provel is subject to FDA guidelines on labeling cheese. The trademark on the Provel name, first used in 1947, is currently held by the Churny Company, Inc. of Glenview, Illinois. Churny is now a wholly owned subsidiary

neg: Dix, Illinois on the joists, but nobody was hurt. In 1855 Milburn purchased Leuty's Mill and moved it to Rome. Although Rome Township still exists, the name of the post office was changed to "Dix" in 1865. There was and still is another Rome, Illinois, and the Postal Service insisted that the name of this village be changed. The community incorporated as the village of Rome in 1873. The name of the village was not legally changed to Dix until the 1960s. There are several stories as to the origin of the name "Dix". One is that the town was renamed in

neg: Vermilion River (Illinois River) these as a single river that flowed in two directions. It is also possible that, in early settlement times, these rivers formed a canoe route between the Illinois River and Wabash River, with a portage through the marshes near Roberts. This may explain why the two rivers have the same name. The north-flowing Vermilion flows in a northerly direction from its origin in Livingston and Ford counties in north central Illinois, eventually emptying into the Illinois River, near Oglesby. Perhaps it is best known for its stretch of whitewater between Lowell and Oglesby, Illinois, which is one of few found

neg: Elkhart, Indiana Historic District, State Street-Division Street Historic District, and Young Women's Christian Association are listed on the National Register of Historic Places. Although apparently a name of German or Germanic origin, the etymology of the city's name is disputed. One source argues that the city's Island Park looks like an elk's heart. Another source claims that the origin of the city's name was the Shawnee Indian Chief Elkhart ("Mihsheweteha" : Elk-heart), cousin of the famous Chief Tecumseh, and the father of Mishawaka ("Mihshewehkwewa" : Elk-woman), the namesake of neighboring Mishawaka. Other sources state that the name stemms from the Miami-Illinois village

neg: Joy, Illinois below the poverty line, including 26.9% of those under age 18 and 4.3% of those age 65 or over. Mercer County Junior High School is located in Joy, in the building that once housed the now defunct Westmer High School. • Westmer Community Unit School District 203 • "Holiday Postmark Returns to Joy, Illinois," WQAD-8 Quad Cities Television, December 1, 2014 Joy, Illinois Joy is a village in Mercer County, Illinois. The population was 417 in the 2010 census. The origin of the name: "Joy" was named when founded in 1869 after the president of the CB&Q Railroad, J.F. Joy.

neg: Ozarks the confluence of the Arkansas River with the Mississippi River. "Arkansas" seems to be the French version of what the Illinois tribe (further up the Mississippi) called the Quapaw, who lived in eastern Arkansas in the area of the trading post. Eventually, the term came to refer to all Ozark Plateau drainage into the Arkansas and Missouri Rivers. An alternative origin for the name "Ozark" relates the French term "aux arcs". In the later 17th and early 18th centuries, French cartographers mapped the Arkansas and Mississippi Rivers. The large, top most arc or bend in this part of the Arkansas

neg: Hillsboro, Illinois Hillsboro, Illinois Hillsboro is a city in Montgomery County, Illinois, United States. The population was 6,207 at the 2010 census. It is the county seat of Montgomery County. The community was founded in 1823 and incorporated on March 26, 1913. There is some doubt about the origin of the city's name. The local terrain is quite hilly, as a result of the drainage of the Shoal Creek watershed, causing widespread belief that this is the name's source. Alternatively, there is the belief that it was named for Hillsborough, North Carolina, the home of some of the early settlers, including Hiram

neg: Exeter, Illinois The per capita income for the village was $18,968. None of the population and none of the families were below the poverty line. Exeter, Illinois Exeter is a village in Scott County, Illinois, United States. The population was 70 at the 2000 census. It is part of the Jacksonville Micropolitan Statistical Area. Exeter is located at (39.719091, −90.496028). According to the 2010 census, Exeter has a total area of , all land. Exeter was given the name of the origin of its founders, Exeter, New Hampshire. The Potawatomi Trail of Death passed through here in 1838. As of the census

neg: Halfway, Illinois (Little Juarez) Halfway, Illinois (Little Juarez) Halfway, (or Half Way) Illinois was a rough and very wet unincorporated community nicknamed "Little Juarez" in Williamson County, Illinois, at what is believed to the crossroads of Illinois Route 37 and Prosperity Road between Marion and Johnston City. Its heyday was between 1915 and 1925. The name originated because it was about halfway between Marion and Herrin, located a few miles to the west on what is now a county highway (Stotlar Road). The nickname came about from the general lawlessness, shootings and proliferation of gambling and booze, even during Prohibition. It is not to

neg: Exeter, Illinois Exeter, Illinois Exeter is a village in Scott County, Illinois, United States. The population was 70 at the 2000 census. It is part of the Jacksonville Micropolitan Statistical Area. Exeter is located at (39.719091, −90.496028). According to the 2010 census, Exeter has a total area of , all land. Exeter was given the name of the origin of its founders, Exeter, New Hampshire. The Potawatomi Trail of Death passed through here in 1838. As of the census of 2000, there were 70 people, 27 households, and 17 families residing in the village. The population density was 101.5 people per square

neg: Sangamon County, Illinois Sangamon County, Illinois Sangamon County is a county located in the center of the U.S. state of Illinois. According to the 2010 census, it had a population of 197,465. Its county seat is Springfield, the state capital. Sangamon County is included in the Springfield, IL Metropolitan Statistical Area. Sangamon County was formed in 1821 out of Madison and Bond counties. The county was named for the Sangamon River, which runs through it. The origin of the name of the river is unknown; among several explanations is the theory that is comes from the Pottawatomie word "Sain-guee-mon" (pronounced "sang gä mun"),

neg: Posen, Illinois Posen, Illinois Posen is a village in Cook County, Illinois, United States. Posen is the German-language name for the western Polish city of Poznań. The population of the village was 5,987 at the 2010 census, up from 4,730 in 2000. Posen is located at (41.628234, -87.685723). According to the 2010 census, Posen has a total area of , all land. The area that is now Posen was settled by farmers, mainly of Dutch and German origin, in the second half of the 19th century. In 1893 a Chicago-based real estate firm hired 75 agents in the Polish-speaking areas of Germany

neg: City of Chelmsford Much of the site now lies within the grounds of Writtle College, the internationally famous centre for horticulture and agriculture. A few miles away is the attractive village of Pleshey, where stand the ruins of a once important castle mentioned in William Shakespeare's play "Richard II". The entire circuit of the castle walls can still be traced in the village streets. American tourists often visit the village of Springfield, Essex, the origin of "Springfield" as a popular place name, first giving its name to the important City of Springfield, Massachusetts, and subsequently Springfield, Illinois, the state capital of Illinois, and

neg: West Okaw River terminal moraine. The meltwater overtopped the moraine, forming the modern Kaskaskia River, which flowed on through land of older Illinoian Stage. The following cities, towns and villages are in the West Okaw watershed: Parts of the following Illinois counties are drained by the West Okaw: West Okaw River The West Okaw River is a tributary of the Kaskaskia River, which it joins in Moultrie County, Illinois. The West Okaw forms an arm of Lake Shelbyville where the natural rivers used to meet. The name "Okaw" seems to be an alternative name for the Kaskaskia River, of Native American origin. The

neg: Westchester, Illinois Westchester, Illinois Westchester is a village in Cook County, Illinois, United States. It is a western suburb of Chicago. The population was 16,718 at the 2010 census. The current Village President is Paul Gattusois. The area now known as Westchester was occupied by German farmers dating back to the mid-19th century. Samuel Insull purchased the land in 1924 with plans to recreate an English-style town. As a result, the town's name and the majority of its street names are of English origin. The Great Depression slowed construction in the ensuing decade, although the population continued to grow, largely aided by

neg: Joy, Illinois Joy, Illinois Joy is a village in Mercer County, Illinois. The population was 417 in the 2010 census. The origin of the name: "Joy" was named when founded in 1869 after the president of the CB&Q Railroad, J.F. Joy. Joy is located at (41.196923, -90.879702). According to the 2010 census, Joy has a total area of , all land. At the 2000 census, there were 373 people, 156 households and 104 families residing in the village. The population density was 888.3 per square mile (342.9/km²). There were 167 housing units at an average density of 397.7 per square mile (153.5/km²).

neg: Lachlan (name) Lachlan (name) Lachlan (, and ) is a masculine given name of Scottish origin. The name is English and derived from Scottish Gaelic. The name is an Anglicised form of the Scottish Gaelic "Lachlann", which is in turn derived from the earlier Gaelic personal name "Lochlann". In the ninth century, the terms "Laithlinn" / "Laithlind" (etc.), appear in historical sources as terms denoting the origin of Vikings active in Ireland. The exact meaning behind these terms is uncertain. What is clear, however, is that the terms "Lochlann" / "Lochlainn" (etc.) came to replace these earlier terms; and that, by the

neg: Fullersburg, Illinois Spring Road in Oak Brook. Ben Fuller built a house in 1840 on what is now York Road. (By 1985, this Fuller House had moved into the Fullersburg Woods Forest Preserve from its original location.) By 1851, he owned most of the area, and in 1851 subdivided and platted; the name changed from Brush Hill to Fullersburg. Fullersburg, Illinois Fullersburg was a former village in Downers Grove Township and York Township, DuPage County, Illinois near the Cook County border. Though never incorporated in its own name, the area is historically important to the development of Hinsdale and Oak Brook, Illinois.

neg: Haiti were of Haitian origin. Jean Baptiste Point du Sable, an immigrant from Saint-Domingue (now the Republic of Haiti), founded the first nonindigenous settlement in what is now Chicago, Illinois, the third largest city in the United States. The state of Illinois and city of Chicago declared du Sable the founder of Chicago on 26 October 1968. Haiti has a rich and unique cultural identity, consisting of a large blend of traditional customs of French and African, mixed with sizeable contributions from the Spanish and indigenous Taíno cultures. The country's customs essentially are a blend of cultural beliefs that derived from

neg: Canadian River Caddo word "káyántinu", which was the Caddos' name for the nearby Red River. The name could be of Spanish origin from the word "cañada" (meaning "glen"), as the Canadian River formed a steep canyon in northern New Mexico and a somewhat broad canyon in Texas. A few historical records document this explanation. Edward Hale, writing in 1929, considered the French origin of the name most probable. The first European to explore the Canadian River was Juan de Oñate, the Spanish Governor of New Mexico, who followed the river from its origin to the western plains of what is now Oklahoma

neg: Illinois Confederation there into English (in the French of the 1600s, the spelling <Illinois> represented /ilinwe/). When French explorers first journeyed to the region from Canada in the 17th century, they found the area inhabited by a vigorous, populous, Algonquian-speaking nation. What we know today about the Illinois is based on the historical account "Jesuit Relations", written by French Jesuits. The missionaries who lived among the various native nations wrote the "Relations" and sent the reports back to their superiors in France. One name for an Illinois Confederation tribe, the Cahokia, was used as a name for a French settlement, now Cahokia,

neg: Kerry (name) Kerry (name) Kerry or Kerri is both a masculine and feminine English language given name of Gaelic (Irish) origin. In its original form Ciarraighe ("Ciarraí"), it denoted "the people of Ciar" ("ciar-raighe"), Ciar being the son of Fergus mac Róich, who gave his name to County Kerry. Ciarraighe was thus the name of the pre-Gaelic tribe who lived in the area of what is now County Kerry. However branches of the Ciarraighe were all over Ireland: Kerry is also a common surname and as such is of Welsh origin, though sometimes spelled Ceri. However, Ceri (pronounced Kerry) is more commonly

neg: Northern Illinois University governance of the Northern Illinois State Normal School, which would grow into what is today known as NIU. In July 1917, the Illinois Senate consolidated the boards of trustees for the five state normal schools (Eastern Illinois State Normal School, Illinois State Normal School, Northern Illinois State Normal School, Southern Illinois State Normal University, and Western Illinois State Normal School) into one state Normal School Board. Over the next fifty-eight years, the school and the governing board changed their names several times. In 1921, the legislature gave the institution the name Northern Illinois State Teachers College and empowered it to

neg: Dykersburg, Illinois Dykersburg, Illinois Dykersburg is an unincorporated community in eastern Williamson County, Illinois in what is now Crab Orchard Precinct. It was also known as Absher, though that name had fallen into disuse by the mid 20th century. The post office was established as Absher on 27 July 1892 and named for the first postmaster, William A. Absher. The name changed to Dykersburg on 10 September 1898. On 17 April 1899, it changed back to Absher. It discontinued operations on 14 April 1908. Residents are now served by post office at Stonefort. The community is now served by the Crab Orchard

neg: Forrest, Illinois an insurance agent. Krack was elected Illinois General Assembly in 1872 and became treasurer of Livingston County in 1878. Krack Street, which parallels the railroad, was named for the town’s founder. When Forrest was established the Toledo Peoria and Western Railroad had already been in operation for almost ten years and therefore, the origin of the town is unlike Fairbury, Chatsworth, Chenoa, Gridley and El Paso, all of which were founded when the railroad was first built. Within a few years of is founding, the people of Forrest did not know the full name of the person for whom the

neg: Piasa ever found in North America. The monster depicted in the mural was first referred to as the "Piasa Bird" in an article published c. 1836 by John Russell of Bluffdale, Illinois. John Russell was an imaginative professor of Greek and Latin at Shurtleff College, Upper Alton, Illinois. The article was entitled "The Tradition of The Piasa" and Russell claimed the origin of the word to be from a nearby stream: "This stream is the Piasa. Its name is Indian, and signifies, in the Illini, ""The Bird That Devours Men""." (note: The original "Piasa Creek" ran through the main ravine in

neg: Vijai Shukla Human Nutrition of the University of Illinois at Urbana–Champaign for 10 years. Recently, Shukla has developed a designer oil by the name of "Nutridan", containing high amounts of essential polyunsaturated fatty acids. The oils used are of vegetable origin, and extracted by physical means. The oil is used both as a health supplement and in cooking, and is novel because of its solvent-free nature, not being derived from fish origin as many similar oils, and being high in natural antioxidants. His recent research is dedicated to design enhanced natural materials to create significantly effective skin care and baby care solutions.

neg: Dykersburg, Illinois Community Unit School District #3, the Crab Orchard Public Library District and the Williamson County Fire Protection District. Dykersburg, Illinois Dykersburg is an unincorporated community in eastern Williamson County, Illinois in what is now Crab Orchard Precinct. It was also known as Absher, though that name had fallen into disuse by the mid 20th century. The post office was established as Absher on 27 July 1892 and named for the first postmaster, William A. Absher. The name changed to Dykersburg on 10 September 1898. On 17 April 1899, it changed back to Absher. It discontinued operations on 14 April 1908.

neg: Noviodunum (Switzerland) Noviodunum (Switzerland) Noviodunum or Colonia Iulia Equestris was a Roman era settlement in what is now Nyon in the Canton of Vaud in Switzerland. Noviodunum is a name of Celtic origin, meaning "new fort": It comes from "nowyo", Celtic for "new", and "dun", the Celtic for "hillfort" or "fortified settlement", cognate of English "town". It was the urban center of the larger Colonia. Although the name the city, Noviodunum, is certainly Celtic in origin, it is first mentioned in written sources in about 400AD. The name Colonia Iulia Equestris is more descriptive. A Colonia was originally a Roman outpost established

neg: Niles, Illinois well as left seven surviving children. There is no clear indication of the origin of the name "Niles." A "Chicago Tribune" article from 1929 opined that the name referred to the "Niles Weekly Register", a popular newspaper published in the 1820s and 1830s by fervently nationalist (and abolitionist) Quaker Hezekiah Niles out of Baltimore, Maryland. His son William Ogden Niles published the newspaper from Washington, D.C. until it ceased publication in 1849; the Odgen family had longstanding connections with the Chicago area. Another belief is that the name "Niles" was named after Niles Construction which did much of the building

neg: Origin of the name Khuzestan Origin of the name Khuzestan Although Herodotus and Xenophon referred to the entire region as Susiana, the name Khuzestan is what has been referred to the southwestern most province of Persia (Iran) from antiquity. In some instances, sugar and sugar cane have been given as the meaning of Khuz. The fertile soil of Khuzestan has a splendid potential for growing this plant, making excellent harvests for sugar cane possible here. However, most experts believe the name Khuzestan to be derived from "Ķūzī", the name of the original non-Semitic people of the province, whose distinctive language reportedly survived until Sassanid times.

neg: Lisle, Illinois township name change was that there was another town in Will County with the name DuPage. Another story of the origin of the Lisle name was that the town was named after the late S. Lisle Smith of Chicago. In 1864 the Chicago, Burlington and Quincy Railroad arrived along with a newly constructed depot. In 1874, a fire destroyed the Lisle Station depot, but it was later rebuilt by the CB&Q Railroad. Today, commuter rail service is provided by Metra. On July 4, 2006, Lisle celebrated its 50th birthday by hosting the state's biggest fireworks display. Lisle is located at

neg: Dianthus plumarius with 10 stamens. They have five pink petals, long, with fringed margins (hence the common name). The flowering period extends from May through August. The fruits are capsules with a few seeds. This species is native to Austria, Croatia, and Slovenia, and naturalized to Italy, Germany, and the United Kingdom. Known to grow, invasively, in: Alabama, South Carolina, North Carolina, Virginia, Pennsylvania, Indiana, Illinois, Missouri, Wisconsin, Michigan, New York State, New Hampshire, Vermont, Maine, California While the origin of the name of the flower is uncertain, within two decades of its 1570 appearance in the written record, that flower's name

neg: Varna λεγομένην Βάρναν, πλησίον Ὀδυσσοῦ). Perhaps the new name applied initially to an adjacent river or lake, a Roman military camp, or an inland area, and only later to the city itself. By the late 10th century, the name "Varna" was established so firmly that when Byzantines wrestled back control of the area from the Bulgarians around 975, they kept it rather than restoring the ancient name "Odessos". The latter is often said to be of Carian origin, though no modern scholarship supports this. Varna Peninsula on Livingston Island in the South Shetland Islands, Antarctica is named after Varna. Varna, Illinois,

neg: Augustana University It celebrated its sesquicentennial during the 2010–2011 academic year. Augustana offers Bachelor of Arts degrees in more than 50 major fields of study, as well as several pre-professional programs, most notably nursing. Students also participate in a variety of extracurricular activities, including musical ensembles and NCAA athletic programs. The institution traces its origin to 1835 when Scandinavian immigrants established the Hillsboro Academy in Hillsboro, Illinois. In 1846, the Academy became the Literary and Theological Institute of the Lutheran Church of the Far West before moving to Springfield, Illinois under the name Illinois State University. In 1860, after church leaders formed

neg: Woodford County, Illinois Illiniwek. The western portion of the county in particular shows extensive archeological evidence of supporting extensive First Nations populations. At the time of the American Revolutionary War, three competing American colonies — Massachusetts, Virginia, and Connecticut — each claimed part of what is today the state of Illinois. The matter was ultimately solved in 1778 when Virginia amalgamated lands in the region into a massive county called Illinois, borrowing the name of a native people. Indiana Territory was formed in 1800 with William Henry Harrison its first Governor; Illinois was part of it. It was not until 1809 that Illinois

neg: Fullersburg, Illinois Fullersburg, Illinois Fullersburg was a former village in Downers Grove Township and York Township, DuPage County, Illinois near the Cook County border. Though never incorporated in its own name, the area is historically important to the development of Hinsdale and Oak Brook, Illinois. The area was originally called Brush Hill and was claimed by Orente Grant when the Indian land in Illinois was ceded to the United States in 1833. Benjamin Fuller, of Broome County, New York, arrived in 1835 with his parents Jacob and Candace Fuller and some other relatives, and settled at Ginger Creek at what later became

neg: Origin of the name Khuzestan a list of sources that specifically use, describe, or discuss the word "Khuzestan". Almost all are written in the Arabic language. Origin of the name Khuzestan Although Herodotus and Xenophon referred to the entire region as Susiana, the name Khuzestan is what has been referred to the southwestern most province of Persia (Iran) from antiquity. In some instances, sugar and sugar cane have been given as the meaning of Khuz. The fertile soil of Khuzestan has a splendid potential for growing this plant, making excellent harvests for sugar cane possible here. However, most experts believe the name Khuzestan to be

neg: The Dispatch / The Rock Island Argus were owned by the Small Newspaper Group, located in Kankakee, Illinois, until 2017 when Davenport-based Lee Enterprises bought the paper and its assets. The "Argus", founded in Rock Island, is one of Illinois' oldest continuously published newspapers. It can trace its origin to 1851 with the founding of a weekly paper called "The Republican". It became Rock Island County’s first daily two years later after it was purchased by Colonel J.B. Danforth. Because Danforth was a staunch member of the Democratic Party he had the paper’s name changed to the "Rock Island Argus". The newspaper was purchased by John Potter

neg: Porte des Morts Holand in his two-volume history of Door County, the ominous name is traced back to a battle between the Winnebago and Potawatomi tribes. Holand's report is as follows: The report seems to be biased in favor of the Potawatomi. The Winnebago, or to use their own chosen name the Ho-Chunk, do not describe themselves as fierce. Various historical accounts indicate that it was the Potawatomi who were the newcomers to the area and that the Winnebago had recently suffered greatly at the hands of the Illinois. If this account accurately gives the origin of the name, the battle probably occurred

neg: Armadale, Western Australia Railway was constructed from Perth to what is now Armadale, and in 1897 a station was built at this location to service the sparsely scattered population of this district. It has been claimed that the station was named 'Armadale' because a name other than Neerigin had to be found to avoid confusion with the wheatbelt town of Narrogin, and that from this the town which sprung up near the station took its name. Other theories have also been put forward for the origin of the name. What is certain is that the name was not in use before the arrival

neg: Senlac Hill Abbey simply recorded the location in Latin as "Bellum" (Battle). Later documents however indicate that the abbey had a tract of land known as "Santlache" (Sandlake) with the name Sandlake continuing for several centuries as a tithing in Battle. The Anglo-Saxon origin of the name Hastings was probably "Hæsta-inga" (and variations) meaning "clearing of Hæsta's people". However another possible, again of Anglo-Saxon origin, is "Asten-enge" meaning "meadow of the Asten" (the Asten is the stream that runs through the battlefield). Freeman considered what Orderic Vitalis called the battlefield, namely "Senlac", may have been a corruption of the original Anglo-Saxon name.

neg: Bonfield, Illinois Journal at the time of filming in the summer of 1979. Bonfield, Illinois Bonfield is a village in Kankakee County, Illinois, United States. Bonfield's population was 364 at the 2000 census. It is included in the Kankakee-Bradley, Illinois Metropolitan Statistical Area. Although founded by quarryman Thomas Verkler, the village was named after Thomas Bonfield, an attorney for the Kankakee & Seneca Railroad Company, which established a depot in the village. A name was needed for this depot, someone suggested "Bonfield", and that's what stuck. The railroad has long since disappeared into history but it had been on Johnson Street. Old

neg: Moonshine, Illinois record of 2068 burgers were served. The store is open from 6 AM until 1 PM Monday through Saturday, with the grill closing at 12:30. The location of Moonshine is published on United States Geological Survey topographical maps as well as the Geographic Names Information System (GNIS). It is GNIS feature ID 422996 and is listed as a populated place. GNIS lists the Moonshine at . According to the "Houston Chronicle", as of 1987, Moonshine was a dry town. The article also offered two alternative theories on the origin of town's name. One version attributes its name to the "moon

neg: Clan Cochrane Clan Cochrane Clan Cochrane is a Lowland Scottish clan. Traditionally the original ancestor of the Clan Cochrane in Scotland was a Scandinavian Viking who settled in what is now known as Renfrewshire, between the eighth and tenth centuries. It is evident that the name is of territorial origin, derived from the lands of Cochrane near Paisley. The origin of the name itself is believed to be derived from two Gaelic words which jointly mean "The Roar of the Battle" or "Battle Cry". The Cochranes took the boar as their heraldic beast, in keeping with the character of their traditional ancestor.

neg: Klöden history is the subject of very divergent points of view. This even goes for the origin of the community's name, as well as for just when Klöden had its first documentary mention. The most up-to-date research says that the name is of Slavic origin. In 1935, the name's spelling was changed from "Clöden" to "Klöden". The earliest document that is available was drawn up on 12 April 965, but it constitutes a clever forgery ("ie" it is authentically mediaeval, but its original purpose was fraudulent). It contains, among the 17 placenames that it mentions, one called "Clotna". What follows is

neg: Bonfield, Illinois Bonfield, Illinois Bonfield is a village in Kankakee County, Illinois, United States. Bonfield's population was 364 at the 2000 census. It is included in the Kankakee-Bradley, Illinois Metropolitan Statistical Area. Although founded by quarryman Thomas Verkler, the village was named after Thomas Bonfield, an attorney for the Kankakee & Seneca Railroad Company, which established a depot in the village. A name was needed for this depot, someone suggested "Bonfield", and that's what stuck. The railroad has long since disappeared into history but it had been on Johnson Street. Old railroad spikes and ties might still be found around the limestone

neg: West Okaw River West Okaw River The West Okaw River is a tributary of the Kaskaskia River, which it joins in Moultrie County, Illinois. The West Okaw forms an arm of Lake Shelbyville where the natural rivers used to meet. The name "Okaw" seems to be an alternative name for the Kaskaskia River, of Native American origin. The town of Okawville is located close to the Kaskaskia, but about 100 miles downstream from the West Okaw. The Okaw Valley Council of the Boy Scouts of America is also centered on the Kaskaskia River, far downstream from the West Okaw. This may explain why

neg: Scouting in Illinois between Stockton and Apple River, Illinois, and Camp Lowden near Oregon, Illinois, and is served by Wulapeju Lodge #140. The Council was formed by the merging of the U.S. Grant Council in the west and Blackhawk Council in the east portion of what is now the Blackhawk Area Council. Formerly, the two councils each had one camp. The council also owns a cabin in Mount Carroll, Illinois. The word Wulapeju (one spirit) refers to the merger of the Ma-ka-tai-me-she-kia-kiak (Chief Blackhawk's name) Lodge and Wetassa Lodge #227 as part of the council merger. Blackhawk Area Council Camp Lowden celebrated its

neg: Freeburg, Illinois Louis, only 20 miles to the northwest, are what attracted settlers to Freeburg. The old "Plank Road" was built in the 1850s, and for 35 cents, travelers could ride from Belleville to Freeburg in "comfort" without potholes on what is now known as the old Freeburg Road. Abe Lincoln is said to have used this road on at least one occasion. In 1851, the post office came, and when it was found that there was another town of Urbana in Illinois, the city fathers changed the name in 1859 to Freeburg after the beautiful city of Freiburg in the state

neg: Glady (surname) was quite common in earlier eras of mass migration, many immigrants either changed their surnames completely, or decided to use one of a number of various anglicized spellings of their original surnames, leading to wide variation in the spelling and pronunciation of what was originally the same name. As such, different variations of surnames such as Glady, from the original Glöde, usually have the same origin. Glady (surname) Glady is a surname of North German origin. It is an anglicized variant of the original German language surname Glöde (also spelled Gloede). Glady (originally "Glöde") is a habitational name from Glöthe

neg: Turnfurlong same purpose. Following the Second World War prefabs were sited temporarily on what is now King Edward Avenue and the Grange School and Aylesbury High School were both opened, though the latter is strictly within the boundary of Walton hamlet. The latter part of Turnfurlong Lane was developed in stages between the 1960s and 1990s. Worthy of note are the development around Webster Road, built on the site of the old Aylesbury United football ground, the Foxhills development and the large Bedgrove development. The origin of the name Turnfurlong is uncertain. A theory as to the origin of the name

neg: Des Moines River it as ""Inyan Shasha"" in their Siouan language. Another Siouan name was ""Eah-sha-wa-pa-ta,"" or "Red Stone" river, possibly referring the bluffs at Red Rock or the reddish Sioux Quartzite bedrock near its headwaters. The origin of the name "Des Moines" is obscure. Early French explorers named it "La Rivière des Moines", literally meaning "River of the Monks." The name may have referred to early Trappist monks who built huts near the mouth of the river at the Mississippi. William Bright writes that "Moines" was an abbreviation used by the French for "Moingouena" or "Moingona", an Algonquian subgroup of the Illinois

neg: Shan (surname) Shan (surname) Shan () is a Chinese surname. The origin of this surname is not clear. One explanation is that it came from Shan County in Shandong province. Another possible origin involves King Cheng of Zhou's youngest son's acquisition of the name when he was given what would become the Shan state when the enfeoffment system was enacted during the Zhou Dynasty. The Shan state existed for a few hundred years before it was annexed by a stronger neighbouring state. It was located in present-day Jiyuan, Henan province. Although the surname comes from the place name, the Shan family was

neg: Roselle, Illinois had become a farming center for corn and flax. He opened the Illinois Linen Company on the northwest corner off of what is now Roselle Road and Irving Park Road. Hough was also the president of the Chicago and Pacific Railroad Company. It is rumored that because of his position, he spent some money to alter a land survey to show that a railroad line should run through Roselle, Itasca and Wood Dale instead of Addison and Bloomingdale. The train schedule misprinted the name of the town on the rail line, giving Roselle its current name. Roselle is located at

neg: Masselot (Vermont, Illinois) where the name has changed into "Lashway" after the mutation of the nickname "Lajoie", which was attributed to the Canadian branch of the Masselot originally coming from Lorraine (Masselot-Lajoie). Members of this family are also living in Belgium (Mons), in Italy, in Ireland and in Germany (Lower Saxony, Rhineland-Palatinate and Sarre). Masselot Masselot is the name of a family whose origin has been attested since the Middle Ages in Flanders and in the County of Hainaut, at the Court of Mons. This family afforded persons from all kind of fields. This family is descended among others from William

neg: Halil Şerif Pasha of his name because his father Muhammad Şerif had attained the rank of Pasha. On August 10, 1871, Halil Bey was raised to the rank of "Mushir" (Field Marshal) by Sultan Abdülaziz (reigned 1861–1876). The rank of "Mushir" entitled Halil to use his father's name "Şerif", as well as the honorific title "Pasha", as parts of his name. Of Turkish-Albanian origin, Halil was born in Cairo, Egypt in the mansion of Muhammad Ali of Egypt. Halil's father, Muhammad Şerif Pasha, of Albanian origin, (died February 13, 1865) had emigrated to Egypt from Kavala (in what is now northern Greece) to

neg: Herdrich were; Bremen, Germany, Liverpool, England, Hamburg, Germany and Le Havre, France. Once in the United States the Herdrich families mainly lived in the midwest in Indiana, Illinois, Michigan, Ohio, Pennsylvania, New York, and New Jersey. Herdrich Herdrich (her-jrik) is derived from the Old High German "hart", meaning "strong" or "powerful", and the Germanic word "rik", denoting a "king". "prince", or "ruler". The earliest recorded date of the family name Herdrich was in 1296. The origin of the family name Herdrich is Northern Germany and Southern Denmark. To date most Herdrich families live in America but are descendants of Germany. Other

neg: Creelman in Cook County, Illinois, 13 in Hudson County, New Jersey, and 11 in Essex County, New Jersey Creelman Creelman is a surname of Scottish Lowlands and later Ulster-Scottish origin. "Creelman" is thought to have originated from an occupational name, derived from "creel", which refers to a wicker basket used for putting fish inside. In the mid-19th century, concentrations of people bearing the name Creelman were living in Scottish Lowland counties of Ayrshire, Lanarkshire, Midlothian, and Roxburghshire. The 1841 Census reports 54 people bearing the surname with 29 hailing from Ayrshire, 7 from Lanarkshire, 7 from Midlothian, and 5 from Roxburghshire.

neg: Hecker, Illinois Hecker, Illinois Hecker is a village in Monroe County, Illinois, United States. Hecker was originally named Freedom. The town was laid out on land of Theodore Hilgard. It was platted and surveyed by Thomas Singleton, county surveyor, December 18, 1840, the first home being built in 1849. In 1895 the citizens of what was then Freedom decided to incorporate, to facilitate improvements to the nascent town's infrastructure. Due to complaints from the Post Office, there being another town calling itself Freedom in Illinois, they were forced to change the name. Col. Friedrich Franz Karl Hecker, whose farm was near Summerfield

neg: Woodford County, Illinois Woodford County, Illinois Woodford County is a county located in the state of Illinois. According to the 2010 census, it had a population of 38,664. Its county seat is Eureka. Woodford County is part of the Peoria, IL, Metropolitan Statistical Area. Its name comes from General William Woodford, an officer of the American Revolutionary War who served at the brutal military encampment at Valley Forge, Pennsylvania. Woodford County is part of what was formerly the homelands of several Native American peoples, including the Potawatomi, the Meskwaki, and the Sauk peoples. It was located just south of the land of the

neg: Woodford County, Illinois boundaries of the 17 townships are a number of named communities, which include the following: Woodford County, Illinois Woodford County is a county located in the state of Illinois. According to the 2010 census, it had a population of 38,664. Its county seat is Eureka. Woodford County is part of the Peoria, IL, Metropolitan Statistical Area. Its name comes from General William Woodford, an officer of the American Revolutionary War who served at the brutal military encampment at Valley Forge, Pennsylvania. Woodford County is part of what was formerly the homelands of several Native American peoples, including the Potawatomi, the

neg: Pinto, Madrid the Egido (de la Fuente) park which recounts a legend and identifies Pinto as geographical center of the Iberian Peninsula. Although the human settlements in what is now the municipal term of Pinto are lost in the night of the Times, it is unknown who were the founders of the settlements that gave rise to the village. Hypothesis 1: One of the most well-founded ideas points to the Roman origin of the term ""Punctum"" as the origin of the name of the municipality, which by processes of development within language would have led to the current name, Pinto. Hypothesis 2:

neg: La Jolla Band of Luiseno Indians the neighborhood of La Jolla in the city of San Diego, California. Local Native Americans, the Kumeyaay, called that location "mat kulaaxuuy" [mat kəlaːxuːj], "land of holes" ("mat" = "land"). It is unknown what "holes" referred to, but it may be the sea-level caves on the north facing bluffs which are visible from La Jolla Shores. This was apparently translated by the Spanish into "La Jolla." An alternate suggested origin is that the name is a corruption of the Spanish "la joya," meaning "the jewel." Although disputed by scholars, this origin of the name is widely cited in popular culture.

neg: Andis Andis Andis is a variant of Andes, a personal name popular among the Illyrians inhabiting the territory of what is now Bosnia and Herzegovina, more specifically the southern parts of ancient province of Panonia and much of the northern parts of ancient Dalmatia. Due to this particular geographic distribution, the origin and the meaning of Andes may be connected to the name origin of Andizetes, a small Illyrian community whose home was precisely present day Bosnia and Herzegovina. Due to a widespread distribution of names like Andio, Andena, Andinus, found throughout the entire territory inhabited by ancient Illyrians, we can

neg: Umuoji people of the same mother. These made up the four Quarters of Umuoji and the villages therein. From the various accounts on the origin of the three towns, the name of Okolie Otie, an itinerant trader from Arochukwu, appears a common denominator in the origin legends of the people. What appears to be significantly but regrettably missing from the various accounts, seems to be the name of the mother of the progenitors of the three communities. Few observations are however pertinent to these accounts. One is that as far as the Arochukwu connection is concerned, striking flaws are apparent which calls

neg: Teschow (surname) spelling. In addition, as was quite common in earlier eras of mass migration, many immigrants either changed their surnames completely, or decided to use one of a number of various anglicized spellings of their original surnames, which further led to wide variations in the spelling and pronunciation of what was originally the same name. As such, different variations of surnames such as Teschow usually have the same origin. Teschow (surname) Teschow is a North German surname of West Slavic Pomeranian origin. Teschow is a habitational name from the former village (now district) of "Teschow" in the town of Teterow, or

neg: Steeleville, Illinois Steeleville, Illinois Steeleville is a village in Randolph County, Illinois, United States. The population was 2,083 at the 2010 census. According to the 2010 census, Steeleville has a total area of , of which (or 99.48%) is land and (or 0.52%) is water. Steeleville is located adjacent to Mary's River, a direct tributary of the Mississippi River. Steeleville has had several names Alma, Georgetown and Steele's Mill before obtaining its present name. The area near Steeleville was first settled by John Steele in 1807. In 1810 George Steele (John's son) settled in what came to be known as Georgetown. In

neg: Buena Park, California Abel Stearns had acquired Rancho Los Coyotes in consideration for loans made to Pio and Andrés Pico. In 1885, James A. Whitaker, a wholesale grocer from Chicago, purchased of this land from Stearns. In 1887, Whitaker founded the City of Buena Park in conjunction with the railway development of what we now know as Orange County. The exact derivation of the name Buena Park is uncertain. One theory is that Whitaker used the name of a Chicago suburb: Buena Park, Chicago, Illinois, although the community in Illinois was also named in 1887. Another theory relates to the artesian well and

neg: Roxana, Illinois Originally constructed on , the refinery now covers approx. and is the largest in the Phillips 66 system. The origin of the village's name is unknown. Local lore is that the name "Roxana" was chosen to honor a "Queen Roxanne" of the Netherlands, inasmuch as the village owed its very existence to state-owned Royal Dutch Shell. However, there has never been a Queen Roxanne of the Netherlands. The Dutch monarch at the time was Wilhelmina of the Netherlands. Starting with the formation of the Seattle-based American Gasoline Company, Royal Dutch/Shell Group also founded Roxana Petroleum Company in 1912 in Oklahoma

neg: Daniel Pennie House name from Penny to Pennie. Initially stopping in Connecticut, he settled in White County, Illinois, and became a stone mason. He then sent for his family and sweetheart, and they joined him in Illinois in 1853; he married that year. In 1858 the family moved to Richland County, Wisconsin; they then moved just west of St. Cloud, Minnesota, in what is now Waite Park. Once the concurrent Dakota War and Civil War subsided, the Pennies relocated further west, to Pope County and homesteaded land in what was to become Section 12 of Leven Township in 1865. He helped organize the

neg: Yellowhead Township, Kankakee County, Illinois Yellowhead Township, Kankakee County, Illinois Yellowhead Township is one of seventeen townships in Kankakee County, Illinois, USA. As of the 2010 census, its population was 2,700 and it contained 1,065 housing units. Yellowhead Township derives its name from the Potawatomi warrior, Yellow Head, whose village was located at what is now Yellowhead Point. According to the 2010 census, the township has a total area of , of which (or 99.93%) is land and (or 0.07%) is water. (This list is based on USGS data and may include former settlements.) (These towns are listed as "historical" by the USGS.) The township

neg: Basil I Slavic, or indeed "Armeno-Slavonic" origin for Basil I. The name of his mother points to a Greek origin on the maternal side. The general scholarly consensus is that Basil's father was "probably" of Armenian origin, and settled in Byzantine Thrace. The author of the only dedicated biography of Basil I in English has concluded that it is impossible to be certain what the ethnic origins of the emperor were, though Basil was definitely reliant on the support of Armenians in prominent positions within the Byzantine Empire. One story asserts that he had spent a part of his childhood in captivity

neg: DuPage County, Illinois It took its name from a French trader who settled on this stream below the fork previous to 1800. Hon. H. W. Blodgett, of Waukegan, informs the writer that J. B. Beaubien had often spoken to him of the old Frenchman, Du Page, whose station was on the bank of the river, down toward its mouth, and stated that the river took its name from him. The county name must have the same origin. Col Gurden S. Hubbard, who came into the country in 1818, informs the writer that the name DuPage, as applied to the river then, was universally

neg: Paris, Illinois Paris, Illinois Paris is a city in Paris Township, Edgar County, Illinois, south of Chicago and west of Indianapolis. In 1900, 6,105 people lived in Paris; in 1910, 7,664; and in 1940, 9,281. The population was 8,837 at the 2010 census. It is the county seat of Edgar County. Paris was established in 1826 on land donated by Samuel Vance to be the county seat, and was incorporated as a village in 1849. The town most likely received its name from the word "Paris" carved into a jack-oak tree in the middle of what would become the town. The history

neg: Sleepy Hollow, Illinois Sleepy Hollow, Illinois Sleepy Hollow is a village in Kane County, Illinois, United States 30 miles northwest of Chicago. The population was 3,553 at the 2000 census. Various streets in the village are named after characters in Washington Irving's "The Legend of Sleepy Hollow". Other streets are named after trees. Still other streets, particularly in the subdivision of Saddle Club Estates, are named after horse racing tracks. These street names include Saratoga, Churchill, Arlington and Belmont. Carol Crest is named after a resident on that street. The family was asked what they wanted the name of their street. The husband

neg: Illinois Country the river, including Kaskaskia, St. Philippe, Cahokia, and Ste. Genevieve. The boundaries of the Illinois Country were defined in a variety of ways, but the region now known as the American Bottom was nearly at the center of all descriptions. One of the earliest known geographic features designated as "Ilinois" was what later became known as Lake Michigan, on a map prepared in 1671 by French Jesuits. Early French missionaries and traders referred to the area southwest and southeast of the lake, including much of the upper Mississippi Valley, by this name. "Illinois" was also the name given to an

neg: Norridge, Illinois Norridge, Illinois Norridge is a village in Cook County, Illinois, United States. The population was 14,572 at the 2010 census. The village and its neighbor to the east, Harwood Heights, together form an enclave within the city of Chicago (i.e. they are completely surrounded by the city). Norridge is sometimes referred to as the "Island Within a City". The name "Norridge" was suggested by resident Mrs. Link. "Nor" comes from Norwood Park Township, and "Ridge" comes from the nearby suburb of Park Ridge. Located in Norwood Park Township, the first names of what would become Norridge were "Goat Village", due

neg: Sundae variation of the popular ice cream soda. According to documentation published by the Evanston Public Library (Illinois), the drinking of soda was outlawed on Sundays in Illinois. Other origin stories for the sundae focus on the novelty or inventiveness of the treat or the name of the originator, and make no mention of legal pressures. Ice cream sundae soon became the weekend semi-official soda fountain confection in the beginning of the 1900s and quickly gained popularity. "The Ice Cream Trade Journal" for 1909 along with plain, or French sundae, listed such exotic varieties as Robin Hood sundae, Cocoa Caramel sundae,

neg: Merritt Ruhlen Merritt Ruhlen Merritt Ruhlen (; born 1944) is an American linguist who has worked on the classification of languages and what this reveals about the origin and evolution of modern humans. Amongst other linguists, Ruhlen's work is recognized as standing outside the mainstream of comparative-historical linguistics. He is the principal advocate and defender of Joseph Greenberg's approach to language classification. Born Frank Merritt Ruhlen, 1944, Ruhlen studied at Rice University, the University of Paris, the University of Illinois and the University of Bucharest. He received his PhD in 1973 from Stanford University with a dissertation on the generative analysis of

neg: Merritt Ruhlen most linguists currently accept. Merritt Ruhlen Merritt Ruhlen (; born 1944) is an American linguist who has worked on the classification of languages and what this reveals about the origin and evolution of modern humans. Amongst other linguists, Ruhlen's work is recognized as standing outside the mainstream of comparative-historical linguistics. He is the principal advocate and defender of Joseph Greenberg's approach to language classification. Born Frank Merritt Ruhlen, 1944, Ruhlen studied at Rice University, the University of Paris, the University of Illinois and the University of Bucharest. He received his PhD in 1973 from Stanford University with a dissertation on

neg: Pohlsepia Pohlsepia Pohlsepia mazonensis is the earliest described octopod, originating from the late Carboniferous period. The species is known from a single exceptionally preserved fossil discovered in the Pennsylvanian Francis Creek Shale of the Carbondale Formation, north-east Illinois, United States. "Pohlsepia mazonensis" is named after its discoverer, James Pohl, and the type locality, Mazon Creek. Its habitat was the shallows seawards of a major river delta in what at that time was an inland ocean between the Midwest and the Appalachians. After discovering "Pohlsepia mazonensis’" existence, Pohl increased the origin of octopuses back by 140 million years. This discovery was key

neg: North Branch Kishwaukee River its point of origin the North Branch has a substrate of gravel, the substrate becomes sand and silt going further downstream. North Branch Kishwaukee River The North Branch Kishwaukee River is a tributary of the Kishwaukee River in northern Illinois. The North Branch Kishwaukee River northeast of Harvard, Illinois and flows south through McHenry County. to join the Kishwaukee River east of Marengo. It drains approximately of land area, flowing for 17 miles. The North Branch Kishwaukee River flows in an east-west direction from its point of origin and has a generally unimpeded flow, save a dam at Belvidere, Illinois.

neg: Champaign County, Illinois Champaign County was formed by the Wisconsin Glacier about 20,000 years before the present. Lobes of ice from what is now Lake Michigan crossed the county, creating a deep pile of glacial soil, up to 300 feet thick, topped by numerous moraines forming small, flat watersheds with no outlets. Champaign County is situated on the divide between the Ohio and Mississippi Rivers. Rivers flow out of Champaign County to the east, west, and south. The Kaskaskia River has its origin to the northwest of Champaign, draining the western side of that City. The Kaskaskia flows toward the southwest, joining the

neg: Carthage College that Carthage, along with several other colleges, would be ineligible to host NCAA-sanctioned playoffs and tournaments because their nickname, "Redmen", was perceived as an offensive reference to Native Americans. A decision was made to rename the Carthage men's teams the "Red Men". This is in accordance with the circa 1920 origin of the name—the team's red uniform jersey—while removing any possible controversial connotations. In conjunction with the rearticulation of the name, a new logo for the team replaced the traditional feathered Carthage C. It includes a torch, a shield, and a C. Carthage College was a member of the Illinois

neg: Ponza Ponza's name has recently come into dispute amongst historians, because the name "Pontia" appears in Strabo's "Geography". This pre-dates the birth of Pilate. It is not known if this is the same name as Ponza or a similar name. Also, "Pontia" means "Land of Bridges" in Latin, a name which could have been applied for Ponza's many naturally occurring arches and bridge-like landforms. Another theory is that the name is of Greek origin, from Greek "pontos", "πόντος", sea (see also Pontus). In ancient times the island was called "Tyrrhenia". Legend says that Ponza is what is left of the lost

neg: Illinois Valley Central High School exist regarding the origin of the mascot name, which up until 1940 was the Maroons. The Grey Ghost was inducted into the ESPN nickname hall of fame in 1987. IVC has a wide range of activities to offer including a large fine arts department. IVC's music department offers marching band, a concert band, a wind ensemble, and two jazz bands. The music department also offers different levels of choral music including Chorale and various ensembles. The IVC Marching Grey Ghosts have accumulated 14 state titles since 1990, most recently in 2014 at the State of Illinois Marching Invitational. The Marching

neg: Farm Creek Section it in his monograph, "The Illinois Glacial Lobe", in 1899. The Farm Creek publication gave a name to the Illinoian glaciation, the southernmost penetration of glacial ice into what was to become the Midwestern United States. It also helped formulate regional and national stratigraphic classifications and has figured prominently in the study and development of glacial geology. A area of the Farm Creek Section was declared a National Historic Landmark in 1997. The site is on the south side of Farm Creek (a tributary of the Illinois River) in the Farm Creek Recreation Area, south of Illinois Route 8 (Washington

neg: University of Illinois at Urbana–Champaign system in the world with more than 25 petabytes of usable space. The university celebrated January 12, 1997 as the "birthday" of HAL 9000, the fictional supercomputer from the novel and film ""; in both works, HAL credits "Urbana, Illinois" as his place of operational origin. The Prairie Research Institute is located on campus and is the home of the Illinois Natural History Survey, Illinois State Geological Survey, Illinois State Water Survey, Illinois Sustainable Technology Center, and the Illinois State Archeological Survey. Researchers at the Prairie Research Institute are engaged in research in agriculture and forestry, biodiversity and ecosystem health,

neg: Interstate Voter Registration Crosscheck Program Crosscheck requires significant agency handling to determine what data is usable and what data is not usable. Crosscheck data is prone to false positives since the initial matching is only conducted using first name, last name, and date of birth. The need to greatly refine and analyze Crosscheck data has required significant ELECT staff resources that are not accounted for when proponents claim the program is "free." " To date, eight states (Alaska, Florida, Kentucky, Massachusetts, New York, Oregon, Pennsylvania, and Washington) have withdrawn from the free program. The Illinois legislature passed a bill forcing the state's withdrawal from Crosscheck

neg: Funan in the modern languages of the region as "Vnom" (Khmer) or "Nokor Phnom" (Khmer), (Funan) (Thai), and (Vietnamese), however, the name "Funan" is not found in any texts of local origin from the period, and it is not known what name the people of Funan gave to their polity. Some scholars argued that ancient Chinese scholars transcribed the word "Funan" from a word related to the Khmer word bnaṃ or vnaṃ (modern: phnoṃ, meaning "mountain"), others however thought that "Funan" may not be a transcription at all- rather it meant what it says in Chinese, meaning something like "Pacified South".

neg: Mosopelea state of Ohio, corresponding with the heart of Ohio Hopewell country. (The Miami-Illinois name ("river of the Mosopelea") referred to what is now called the Ohio River. Shortened in the Shawnee language, the name evolved to "Pelisipi" or "Pellissippi" and was also later applied to what is now called the Clinch River in Virginia and Tennessee.) Franquelin noted the villages on the map as "destroyed". La Salle recorded that the Mosopelea were among the tribes conquered by the Seneca and other nations of the Iroquois Confederacy in the early 1670s, during the later Beaver Wars. In 1673, Marquette, Joliet, and

neg: Millburn, Illinois territory in Lake County, then returned to Canada. In 1839, they returned to their claim with their parents, a fourth brother (Jake), and their parents. The family was of Scottish descent, which lured other settlers of Scottish origin to what was then called Strang's Corners. By 1840, the First Congregational Church was founded. Jake, Peter, and George Strange participated in the California Gold Rush. Jake appears to have accumulatd significant wealth from it, judging by his ability to design a high-style house shortly afterward. Robert Strang remained in Millburn and opened a store in 1856. He is generally credited as

neg: Bone Gap, Illinois "pass" through a mountain range. This was then changed to "Bone Gap", as in the Cumberland Gap. Bonpas Creek, a tributary of the Wabash River, flows southwards about east of the village, retaining the area's original name. An alternative story about the origin of Bone Gap's name involves a small band of Piankeshaw Indians who established a village in a gap in the trees a short distance east of present-day Bone Gap. Several years later early American settlers found a pile of bones discarded by the Indians near their encampment-hence the name Bone Gap as given to the white man's

neg: Illinois Route 150 Illinois 154. In Chester, it is named State Street. SBI Route 150 originally ran from the US 51/60/62 bridges south of Cairo north to Hamel (located northeast of Saint Louis, Missouri) on what is now Illinois Route 3, the portion of Illinois 150 from Chester to Steeleville, and Illinois Route 4. In 1937, the changes from Illinois 150 to Illinois 3 and 4 took place (the change to Illinois 4 initially was a change to Illinois Route 43). Illinois 150 then was extended east and west (replacing what was then Illinois Route 151) to its current length. Illinois Route 150

neg: Magog (Bible) Magog (Bible) Magog (; Hebrew: מגוג ; Greek: Μαγωγ) is the second of the seven sons of Japheth mentioned in the Table of Nations in Genesis 10. While the origin of the term is unclear, it may have referred to Lydia, in what is now Turkey. Its use in Ezekiel 38 has led to it being associated with apocalyptic traditions. Various ancient and medieval traditions have built on the biblical references and added details to it. The origin of the name "Magog" is unclear. It may come from the Akkadian "mat Gugi", "land of Gog", that is, the land of