query: who was involved in the gulf war 1991

pos: Gulf War aggression was formed, consisting of forces from 34 countries: Argentina, Australia, Bahrain, Bangladesh, Belgium, Canada, Denmark, Egypt, France, Greece, Italy, Kuwait, Morocco, Netherlands, New Zealand, Niger, Norway, Oman, Pakistan, Poland, Portugal, Qatar, South Korea, Saudi Arabia, Senegal, Sierra Leone, Singapore, Spain, Syria, the United Arab Emirates, the United Kingdom, and the US itself. It was the largest coalition since World War II. US Army General Norman Schwarzkopf, Jr. was designated to be the commander of the coalition forces in the Persian Gulf area. The Soviet Union also supported United States intervention. Although they did not contribute any forces, Japan and

pos: History of the Royal Australian Navy 27 January 1991 to 10 May 1991. It was involved in mine clearing operations in Kuwait from 5 March to 19 April 1991. After the end of the first Gulf War the Royal Australian Navy periodically deployed a ship to the Gulf or Red Sea to assist in maintaining sanctions against Iraq. Until the outbreak of the Second Gulf War the Australian naval force in the Persian Gulf continued to enforce the sanctions against Iraq. These operations were conducted by boarding parties from the RAN warships. Upon the outbreak of war, the RAN's focus shifted to supporting the coalition land

pos: Aftermath of the Gulf War Aftermath of the Gulf War The aftermath of Gulf War saw drastic political, cultural, and social change across the Middle East and even in areas outside those that were directly involved. Significant demographic changes occurred in Kuwait as a result of the Gulf War. There were 400,000 Palestinians in Kuwait before the Gulf War. During the Iraqi occupation of Kuwait, 200,000 Palestinians left Kuwait due to various reasons (fear or persecution, food shortages, medical care difficulties, financial shortages, fear of arrest and mistreatment at roadblocks by Iraqis). After the Gulf War of 1991, nearly 200,000 Palestinians fled Kuwait, partly due

pos: Australian contribution to the 1991 Gulf War 627.4 Operation Damask III (13 June 1991 – 4 September 1991) Operation Damask VI (October 1992 – April 1993) Other Deployments Task Group Medical Support Elements (served aboard USS "Comfort") Clearance Diving Team 3 operated in the theatre from 27 January 1991 to 10 May 1991. It was involved in mine clearing operations in Kuwait from 5 March to 19 April 1991. RAAF C-130 aircraft from No. 36 and No. 37 Squadrons provided a shuttle service between Australia and the Persian Gulf. Boeing 707 aircraft from No. 33 Squadron and VIP aircraft from No. 34 Squadron also flew to the

pos: Gulf War air campaign Gulf War air campaign The air campaign of the Gulf War, also known as the 1991 bombing of Iraq, was an extensive aerial bombing campaign from 17 January 1991 to 23 February 1991. The Coalition of the Gulf War flew over 100,000 sorties, dropping 88,500 tons of bombs, widely destroying military and civilian infrastructure. The air campaign was commanded by USAF Lieutenant General Chuck Horner, who briefly served as Commander-in-Chief – Forward of U.S. Central Command while General Schwarzkopf was still in the United States. The British air commanders were Air Vice-Marshal Andrew Wilson (to 17 November 1990) and Air

pos: Welcome Home Heroes with Whitney Houston the United States and worldwide with the title "A Song for You: Live". Houston performed "The Star-Spangled Banner" during the Super Bowl XXV, on January 27, 1991. Her version of the song was so acclaimed that, on February 12, 1991, it was released as a charity single to raise funds for soldiers and families of those involved in the Persian Gulf War. Following her performance of "The Star-Spangled Banner" during the Super Bowl, Houston decided to carry it over into a concert to honor the troops, their families, and military and government dignitaries of the Gulf War. The concert was

pos: Iraqi Air Force scored victories against coalition aircraft in aerial combat. As well as the Persian Gulf war, the IQAF was also involved in the 1991 uprisings in Iraq. Alongside Army aviation, Mi-8, Mi-24, Gazelle, Alouette and Puma helicopters were used to counter the attempted Shi'ite and Kurdish revolts between 1991 and 1993. After the Gulf War, the air force consisted only of a sole Su-24 (nicknamed "waheeda" in the Iraqi airforce which translates to roughly "the lonely") and a single squadron of MiG-25s purchased from the Soviet Union in 1979. Some Mirages, MiG-23MLs and SU-22s also remained in use, with the MiG-29s

pos: Gulf War Gulf War The Gulf War (2 August 199028 February 1991), codenamed Operation Desert Shield (2 August 199017 January 1991) for operations leading to the buildup of troops and defense of Saudi Arabia and Operation Desert Storm (17 January 199128 February 1991) in its combat phase, was a war waged by coalition forces from 35 nations led by the United States against Iraq in response to Iraq's invasion and annexation of Kuwait arising from oil pricing and production disputes. The war is also known under other names, such as the Persian Gulf War, First Gulf War, Gulf War I, Kuwait War,

pos: Conny Mus Gulf War, the Iraq War, and the 2006 War in Lebanon. In the last war, he escaped death three times. He also made reports for the news program "Het Nieuws" on the Flemish commercial station vtm and for international news stations including the BBC and CNN. In 1991, Mus was involved in the production of the song "Shalom from Holland" (written by Simon Hammelburg and Ron Klipstein) as a token of solidarity to the Israeli people, threatened by missiles from Iraq, during the first Gulf War. Conny Mus died on 20 August 2010 of a cardiac arrest. At the time

pos: Media coverage of the Gulf War Media coverage of the Gulf War The Persian Gulf War (2 August 1990 – 28 February 1991), codenamed Operation Desert Storm (17 January 1991 – 28 February 1991) and commonly referred to as the Gulf War, was a war waged by a United Nations-authorized coalition force from 34 nations led by the United States against Iraq in response to Iraq's invasion and annexation of Kuwait. Media coverage of the Gulf War was significant for many reasons including CNN's live reporting from a Baghdad hotel, alternative and international coverage, and the use of images. The Persian Gulf War was a heavily

pos: Gulf War Patriot delivered a "miracle performance" in the Gulf War. The Gulf War has been the subject of several video games including "", "" and "". There have also been numerous depictions in film including "Jarhead" (2005), which is based on U.S. Marine Anthony Swofford's 2003 memoir of the same name. Works cited Gulf War The Gulf War (2 August 199028 February 1991), codenamed Operation Desert Shield (2 August 199017 January 1991) for operations leading to the buildup of troops and defense of Saudi Arabia and Operation Desert Storm (17 January 199128 February 1991) in its combat phase, was a war

pos: HMAS Westralia (O 195) port of by late October. On 26 January 1991, "Westralia" relieved "Success" as part of Combined Task Group 627.4, the Australian naval contribution to forces involved in the Gulf War. Five female sailors and two female officers were included in "Westralia"s ship's company: the first time Australian women had been deployed to a combat zone. The ship remained in the Gulf until June, when she was replaced by . "Westralia"s service was later recognised with the battle honour "Kuwait 1991". On 26 August, "Westralia" and sailed for Luzon in the Philippines, to provide humanitarian aid following the eruption of Mount

pos: Gulf War Health Research Reform Act of 2014 syndrome, a chronic multisymptom disorder affecting returning military veterans and civilian workers of the Gulf War. The bill was introduced into the United States House of Representatives during the 113th United States Congress. Gulf War syndrome (GWS), also known as Gulf War illness (GWI), is a chronic multisymptom disorder affecting returning military veterans and civilian workers of the Gulf War. A wide range of acute and chronic symptoms have been linked to it, including fatigue, muscle pain, cognitive problems, rashes and diarrhea. Approximately 250,000 of the 697,000 U.S. veterans who served in the 1991 Gulf War are afflicted with enduring

pos: Australian contribution to the 1991 Gulf War 75 personnel to Operation Habitat, the Australian contribution to Operation Provide Comfort, the delivery of humanitarian aid to Kurds living in the UN-declared exclusion zone in northern Iraq. Australian contribution to the 1991 Gulf War Australia was a member of the international coalition which contributed military forces to the 1991 Gulf War, also known as Operation Desert Storm. More than 1800 ADF personnel were deployed to the Persian Gulf from August 1990 to September 1991. In August 1990, two frigates HMAS "Adelaide" and HMAS "Darwin" and the replenishment ship HMAS "Success" left for the Persian Gulf. HMAS "Success" had no

pos: Iraq War Hussein regime began after Iraq's invasion of Kuwait in 1990. The international community condemned the invasion, and in 1991 a military coalition led by the United States launched the Gulf War to expel Iraq from Kuwait. Following the Gulf War, the US and its allies tried to keep Saddam in check with a policy of containment. This policy involved numerous economic sanctions by the UN Security Council; the enforcement of Iraqi no-fly zones declared by the US and the UK to protect the Kurds in Iraqi Kurdistan and Shias in the south from aerial attacks by the Iraqi government; and

pos: Media coverage of the Gulf War of ABC's "Nightline" criticized the administration's policies stating, "I'm not sure the public's interest is served by seeing what seems to have been such a painless war, when 50,000 to 100,000 people may have died on the other side." Media coverage of the Gulf War The Persian Gulf War (2 August 1990 – 28 February 1991), codenamed Operation Desert Storm (17 January 1991 – 28 February 1991) and commonly referred to as the Gulf War, was a war waged by a United Nations-authorized coalition force from 34 nations led by the United States against Iraq in response to Iraq's invasion

pos: Gulf War air campaign on 2 August 1990, the Kuwaiti Air Force lost 12 fixed-wing aircraft, which were destroyed on the ground, and 8 helicopters, 6 of which were shot down and 2 of which were destroyed while on the ground. Gulf War air campaign The air campaign of the Gulf War, also known as the 1991 bombing of Iraq, was an extensive aerial bombing campaign from 17 January 1991 to 23 February 1991. The Coalition of the Gulf War flew over 100,000 sorties, dropping 88,500 tons of bombs, widely destroying military and civilian infrastructure. The air campaign was commanded by USAF Lieutenant General

pos: Australian contribution to the 1991 Gulf War the Gulf War, a significant number of Australian Gulf War veterans appear to continue to suffer from Gulf War illness. Australia's contribution to the 1991 Gulf War centred on a Naval Task Group which formed part of the multi-national fleet in the Persian Gulf and Gulf of Oman, under Operation Damask. In addition, medical teams were deployed aboard a US hospital ship and a navy Clearance diving team took part in de-mining Kuwait's port facilities at the end of the war. Following the end of the war Australia deployed a medical unit on Operation Habitat to northern Iraq as part

pos: Timeline of Gulf War (1990–1991) its cooperation with the United Nations Special Commission in 1998. Timeline of Gulf War (1990–1991) The timeline of the Gulf War details the dates of the major events of the 1990–1991 war. It began with the Iraqi invasion of Kuwait on 2 August 1990 and ended with the Liberation of Kuwait by Coalition forces. Iraq subsequently agreed to the United Nations' demands on 28 February 1991. The war officially concluded with the signing of the armistice on 11 April 1991. Major events in the aftermath include anti-Saddam Hussein uprisings in Iraq, massacres against the Kurds by the regime, Iraq formally

pos: Timeline of Gulf War (1990–1991) Timeline of Gulf War (1990–1991) The timeline of the Gulf War details the dates of the major events of the 1990–1991 war. It began with the Iraqi invasion of Kuwait on 2 August 1990 and ended with the Liberation of Kuwait by Coalition forces. Iraq subsequently agreed to the United Nations' demands on 28 February 1991. The war officially concluded with the signing of the armistice on 11 April 1991. Major events in the aftermath include anti-Saddam Hussein uprisings in Iraq, massacres against the Kurds by the regime, Iraq formally recognizing the sovereignty of Kuwait in 1994, and eventually ending

pos: Battle of Norfolk fog of war, U.S. units became mixed with Iraqi units dispersed throughout the desert. This confusion led to some friendly fire incidents. Task Force 1-41 Infantry was involved in the worst US "friendly fire" incident of the Gulf War on 27 February 1991. The 2nd Armored Division(Fwd) continued to fight a series of short, sharp battles with Iraqi tank platoons as it moved across the Wadi Al-Batin into Kuwait. On 27 February 1991 an Iraqi tank unit attacked 4-3 FA. The Iraqi tank unit was destroyed by a Task Force 1-41 tank platoon that was assigned to protect 4-3 FA.

pos: Operation Rock & Roll us on stage in the second number." Metal Church setlist: Dangerous Toys setlist: Motörhead setlist: Alice Cooper setlist: Judas Priest setlist: "Turbo Lover" and "Victim of Changes" were also occasionally performed. Operation Rock & Roll Operation Rock & Roll was a 1991 concert tour featuring Judas Priest, Alice Cooper, Motörhead, Dangerous Toys and Metal Church. It ran from 9 July 1991 until 19 August 1991 in the United States and Canada. This tour was in honor of the US forces involved in Operation Desert Storm during the Gulf War. This would also be Judas Priest's final tour with Rob Halford

pos: Operation Rock & Roll Operation Rock & Roll Operation Rock & Roll was a 1991 concert tour featuring Judas Priest, Alice Cooper, Motörhead, Dangerous Toys and Metal Church. It ran from 9 July 1991 until 19 August 1991 in the United States and Canada. This tour was in honor of the US forces involved in Operation Desert Storm during the Gulf War. This would also be Judas Priest's final tour with Rob Halford until 2004. Judas Priest continued to tour in support of "Painkiller", with Alice Cooper supporting "Hey Stoopid", Motörhead supporting "1916", Dangerous Toys supporting "Hellacious Acres" and Metal Church supporting "The Human

pos: Operation Friction the war began on January 16, 1991, Canadian naval forces patrolled the central Persian Gulf. When hostilities commenced, Captain Duncan "Dusty" Miller, Commander of the Canadian Naval Task Group, became the multinational co-ordinator for a large naval combat logistics area established in the southern Persian Gulf. Two Canadian destroyers, and escorted the United States hospital ships, and , the latter with CF medical staff on board. , an auxiliary oil replenishment ship, serviced all nations involved in naval operations within the Gulf. Five Sikorsky CH-124 Sea King helicopters based at CFB Shearwater and CFB Patricia's Bay were also attached to

pos: Gulf War Air Power Survey Gulf War Air Power Survey The Gulf War Air Power Survey is a report commissioned by the United States Air Force in 1993 to document and analyze its performance during the 1991 Gulf War. It consists of five sections each averaging over 700 pages, and a 276-page summary report. It was one of the most popular reports issued by the U.S. military at the time. On 22 August 1991, then Secretary of the Air Force Donald B. Rice commissioned an independent study "to review all aspects of air warfare in the Persian Gulf". Rather than a historical account, it analyses

pos: Gulf Medal days service between 1 April 1991 – 6 October 2003. Qualifying service for the Gulf Medal does not count towards the period required to receive the Accumulated Campaign Service Medal. Gulf Medal The Gulf War Medal was a campaign medal approved in 1992, for issue to officers and men of British forces who served in Kuwait and Saudi Arabia during Operation Granby (the Liberation of Kuwait) in 1990–91. The Gulf Medal is cupro-nickel and in diameter, with the following design: Two clasps were authorised for those who served in Kuwait during the Iraqi invasion, and for those who took part

pos: Iran–Iraq War neither reparations nor border changes. The Iran–Iraq War was originally referred to as the "Gulf War" until the Persian Gulf War of 1990 and 1991, after which it was known as the "First Persian Gulf War". The Iraq–Kuwait conflict, which was known as the "Second Persian Gulf War," eventually became known simply as the "Gulf War". The Iraq War from 2003 to 2011 has been called the "Second Persian Gulf War". In Iran, the war is known as the "Imposed War" ( ') and the "Holy Defense" ( '). State media in Iraq dubbed the war "Saddam's Qadisiyyah" (, ""),

pos: Pakistan was honoured by the Syrian government. Requested by the Saudi monarchy in 1979, Pakistan's special forces units, operatives, and commandos were rushed to assist Saudi forces in Mecca to lead the operation of the Grand Mosque. For almost two weeks Saudi Special Forces and Pakistani commandos fought the insurgents who had occupied the Grand Mosque's compound. In 1991 Pakistan got involved with the Gulf War and sent 5,000 troops as part of a US-led coalition, specifically for the defence of Saudi Arabia. Despite the UN arms embargo on Bosnia, General Javed Nasir of the ISI airlifted anti-tank weapons and missiles

pos: Gulf War Air Power Survey of the report to its own website. The study was subsequently put back on the military sites. Gulf War Air Power Survey The Gulf War Air Power Survey is a report commissioned by the United States Air Force in 1993 to document and analyze its performance during the 1991 Gulf War. It consists of five sections each averaging over 700 pages, and a 276-page summary report. It was one of the most popular reports issued by the U.S. military at the time. On 22 August 1991, then Secretary of the Air Force Donald B. Rice commissioned an independent study "to

pos: Maurizio Cocciolone Maurizio Cocciolone Maurizio Cocciolone (born 22 September 1960 in L'Aquila, Abruzzo, Italy) is an Italian Air Force officer, who served with UN Coalition forces and was a prisoner of war during the Gulf War. He was born in L'Aquila, Abruzzo. On the eve of the Operation Desert Storm the Italian government deployed eight Tornado Fighter-bombers on the Gulf Theatre of Operations. On January 16, 1991, coalition forces began concentrated air strikes on Iraqi military targets in Iraq and Kuwait. On January 18, 1991 an Italian Tornado, piloted by Major Gianmarco Bellini, with Captain Maurizio Cocciolone as his navigator, took off

pos: Division (military) Cold War. The peak use of the division as the primary combat unit occurred during World War II, when the belligerents deployed over a thousand divisions. With technological advances since then, the combat power of each division has increased. The last major conventional war that saw divisions in a prime role was the 1991 Gulf War, which saw divisions operating in a corps structure and which reflected the organizational doctrines of the recently ended Cold War. By contrast, the Invasion of Iraq in 2003 involved only a handful of divisions but significant support forces and modular Brigade Combat Teams. Divisions

pos: Mahmud Dhiyab autographed a playing card bearing his likeness for one of his jailers, Sergeant Mark Heinbaugh, adding the inscription "with my respect". Dhiyab was released from prison in July 2012 after completing his sentence. Mahmud Dhiyab Mahmud Dhiyab al-Ahmad is a former Iraqi diplomat, who held several cabinet-level positions. Dhiyab was Iraq's Minister of Agriculture during the Gulf War. In September 1991, he became involved in a dispute with Hussein Kamel al-Majid, Iraq's Minister of Defense, over the reconstruction of Baghdad's Republic Bridge. In the mid-1990s, Dhiyab served as Iraq's Minister of Housing and Reconstruction. He later became Minister of Irrigation,

pos: Mahmud Dhiyab Mahmud Dhiyab Mahmud Dhiyab al-Ahmad is a former Iraqi diplomat, who held several cabinet-level positions. Dhiyab was Iraq's Minister of Agriculture during the Gulf War. In September 1991, he became involved in a dispute with Hussein Kamel al-Majid, Iraq's Minister of Defense, over the reconstruction of Baghdad's Republic Bridge. In the mid-1990s, Dhiyab served as Iraq's Minister of Housing and Reconstruction. He later became Minister of Irrigation, during which time he was a central figure in negotiations with Turkey and Syria over water rights. Dhiyab succeeded Muhammad Zimam Abd al-Razzaq as Iraq's Interior Minister on May 28, 2001, with Abd

pos: Iraqi Australians Iraqi Australians Iraqi Australians are Australian citizens who identify themselves to be Iraqi descent. Since the 1991 Gulf War, thousands of Iraqis have found refuge in Australia. The total of population is estimated to be as high as 80,000. Australia's Iraqi-born population includes Arabs, Assyrians, Chaldeans, Kurds, Armenians, Mandeans, Turkmens and Jews. The first year in which the Australian Census of Population and Housing recorded the Iraq-born separately was 1976, when the population was 2,273. By 1986, the population had risen to 4,516. By the end of the Gulf War in 1991, it numbered 5,186, mainly in New South Wales

pos: Yevgeny Primakov and International Relations, serving as Director until 1989. Primakov became involved in politics in 1989, as the Chairman of the Soviet of the Union, one of two houses of the Soviet parliament. From 1990 until 1991 he was a member of Soviet leader Mikhail Gorbachev's Presidential Council. He served as Gorbachev's special envoy to Iraq in the run-up to the Persian Gulf War, in which capacity he held talks with President Saddam Hussein. After the failed August 1991 putsch, Primakov was appointed First Deputy Chairman of the KGB and Director of the KGB First Chief Directorate responsible for foreign intelligence.

pos: Zalman Shoval become Israeli Ambassador to the United States, a post he held until 1993, and again between 1998 and 2000. During his first tenure as Israel's Ambassador he had been closely involved in matters relating to the Gulf War and its aftermath and later participated in the Madrid peace conference (1991) and after that he was a member of the Israeli team negotiating with the Jordanians and Palestinians. In 1998 he was a member of the Israeli delegation headed by Prime Minister Benjamin Netanyahu at the U.S. sponsored Wye River Conference and he was closely involved in the diplomatic negotiations with

pos: Robert Hayward, Baron Hayward national level and officiated at division 3 and 4 and county championship matches. Hayward refereed the first inter-parliamentary rugby game - between Britain and France in 1991. Hayward was appointed an Officer of the Order of the British Empire (OBE) for his services to friends and families of hostages prior to the Gulf War in 1991 Iraq War, when he established and ran, with others, the Gulf Support Group for civilians who were held after the invasion of Kuwait by Iraq. This service ran initially from Hayward's home then from offices in London. He remains the only serving MP ever

pos: Aftermath of the Gulf War to economic burdens, regulations on residence and fear of abuse by Kuwaiti security forces. Kuwait's lack of support for Palestinians after the Gulf War was a response to the alignment of Palestinian leader Yasser Arafat and the PLO with Saddam Hussein, who had earlier invaded Kuwait. On March 14, 1991, 200,000 Palestinians were still residing in Kuwait, out of initial 400,000. Palestinians began leaving Kuwait during one week in March 1991, following Kuwait's liberation from Iraqi occupation. During a single week in March, the Palestinian population of Kuwait had almost entirely fled the country. Kuwaitis said that Palestinians leaving the

pos: Embedded journalism were exposed, standing in the back hatch of their Iraqi mechanized vehicle taping a video log of the patrol. Embedded journalism Embedded journalism refers to news reporters being attached to military units involved in armed conflicts. While the term could be applied to many historical interactions between journalists and military personnel, it first came to be used in the media coverage of the 2003 invasion of Iraq. The United States military responded to pressure from the country's news media who were disappointed by the level of access granted during the 1991 Gulf War and the 2001 U.S. invasion of Afghanistan.

pos: Embedded journalism Embedded journalism Embedded journalism refers to news reporters being attached to military units involved in armed conflicts. While the term could be applied to many historical interactions between journalists and military personnel, it first came to be used in the media coverage of the 2003 invasion of Iraq. The United States military responded to pressure from the country's news media who were disappointed by the level of access granted during the 1991 Gulf War and the 2001 U.S. invasion of Afghanistan. The practice has been criticized as being part of a propaganda campaign whereby embedded journalists accompanied the invading forces

pos: Gulf War stations. Local media outlets in cities across the USA screened similar oppositional media. The organization Fairness and Accuracy in Reporting (FAIR) critically analyzed media coverage during the war in various articles and books, such as the 1991 "Gulf War Coverage: The Worst Censorship was at Home". The following names have been used to describe the conflict itself: "Gulf War" and "Persian Gulf War" are the most common terms for the conflict used within western countries, though it may also be called the "First Gulf War" (to distinguish it from the 2003 invasion of Iraq and the subsequent Iraq War). Some

pos: Australian contribution to the 1991 Gulf War former Army Reserve Commando who had joined the British Army. As the SASR had long established exchange programmes, a soldier may have served with British or United States special forces units. The total number of personnel deployed between August 1990 and September 1991 was 1,800. In the aftermath of the conflict, Royal Australian Navy warships continued to be deployed to the Persian Gulf periodically to enforce sanctions against Iraq until the 2003 Invasion of Iraq. Operation Damask I (6 September 1990 – 3 December 1990) Task Group 627.4 Operation Damask II (3 December 1990 – 28 May 1991) Task Group

pos: India–Iraq relations Air Force through a complicated tripartite arrangement involving France. The eight-year-long Iran–Iraq War caused a steep decline in trade and commerce between the two nations. During the 1991 Persian Gulf War, India was opposed to the use of force against Iraq. India stopped the refueling of military planes after the second week of war in 1991. Iraq had been one of India's largest export markets before the 1991 gulf war. It opposed UN sanctions on Iraq, but the period of war and Iraq's isolation further diminished India's commercial and diplomatic ties. Iraq had supported India's right to conduct nuclear tests

pos: Kuwait–Pakistan relations Kuwait–Pakistan relations Kuwait–Pakistan relations refer to bilateral relations between Kuwait and Pakistan. Pakistan has an embassy in Kuwait City and Kuwait has an embassy in Islamabad and a consulate in Karachi. Kuwait and Pakistan are members of OIC. A 2017 fake news story of a visa ban by Kuwait was summarily dismissed as nonsense. Pakistani forces took active part in the liberation of Kuwait along with coalition forces in 1991. After the end of the first Gulf War in 1991 Pakistani army engineers were involved in a programme of mine clearance in the country. The present level of Kuwaiti exports

pos: Kuwait–Pakistan relations 2010 Pakistan floods, the Kuwaiti government lifted a long-standing ban on collecting donations in public. Kuwait–Pakistan relations Kuwait–Pakistan relations refer to bilateral relations between Kuwait and Pakistan. Pakistan has an embassy in Kuwait City and Kuwait has an embassy in Islamabad and a consulate in Karachi. Kuwait and Pakistan are members of OIC. A 2017 fake news story of a visa ban by Kuwait was summarily dismissed as nonsense. Pakistani forces took active part in the liberation of Kuwait along with coalition forces in 1991. After the end of the first Gulf War in 1991 Pakistani army engineers were involved

pos: 1st Close Health Battalion (Australia) and four on board USNS "Comfort". USNS "Comfort" was also called upon on 25 February 1991 when a SCUD missile attack from Iraq destroyed a US Army barracks in Dharan, Saudi Arabia, killing 28 soldiers and wounding another 110. There were three TGMSE rotations: A total of 59 ADF personnel were involved in the TGMSE, including three personnel from 1 FD Hosp. In the years since the Gulf War, ADF medical personnel have been deployed on numerous peacekeeping operations throughout the Middle East, Africa, and the Asia-Pacific region. The first of these came in May 1991, when a group of

pos: Aftermath of the Gulf War 2012, 80,000 Palestinians lived in Kuwait. Many returning Coalition soldiers reported illnesses following their action in the war, a phenomenon known as Gulf War syndrome or Gulf War illness. Common symptoms that were reported are chronic fatigue, Fibromyalgia, and Gastrointestinal disorder. There has been widespread speculation and disagreement about the causes of the illness and the reported birth defects. Researchers found that infants born to male veterans of the 1991 war had higher rates of two types of heart valve defects. Gulf War veterans' children born after the war had a certain kidney defect that was not found in Gulf

pos: Michael Berg University in 1969. Berg, a longtime antiwar activist, was involved in the protests against the Vietnam War beginning in 1965. According to his website, "In 1991, when the United States invaded Iraq in the Gulf War, Berg intensified his protest activities despite reprimands from his school's administrator. He has protested the Bush administration's invasion of Iraq as well, organizing local marches, protests, and vigils and traveling to Washington, D.C." Berg's son Nick, a telecommunications contractor, was detained in Iraq for 13 days in March 2004 by U.S. military and the Federal Bureau of Investigation. After his release and after refusals

pos: Transportation Corps Ball Express provided around the clock truck convoys from allied held ports to supply troops on the front. The story of the Red Ball Express was told in the 1950s movie "Red Ball Express". There was as short lived television series in the early 1970s named "Roll Out" which focused on the experiences of a fictional African American motor transportation unit involved with the Red Ball Express. The Cold War between the United States and the Soviet Union extended from 1945 into 1991, spanning the Gulf War. When the Soviet Union cordoned off the city of Berlin in 1948, the

pos: Michel Roquejeoffre war. Roquejeoffre was awarded the Legion of Merit by the United States for his services in the Gulf War. Michel Roquejeoffre Michel Roquejeoffre (; born November 28, 1933 in Paris) is a retired French Army General (rapid forces), who commanded Operation Daguet (French operations during the 1991 Gulf War). French forces, a part of the coalition forces, counted 18,000 soldiers and took a direct involvement in the battles with Iraqi forces, both on Kuwait and Iraqi territories. Before that Roquejeoffre participated in the Algerian War and later missions in Chad, Lebanon and Cambodia. He entered Saint-Cyr in 1952. Allied commander,

pos: Al-Fao southern Iraq, which was the scene of heavy fighting during the Iran–Iraq War in the 1980s. (The difference in spelling is due to differing transliterations of the Arabic name.) The Al-Fao was designed and built in Europe. It was similar in design to the South African G6 howitzer, with which Bull was also involved as a designer, and appears to have been directly inspired by that system. It was first displayed publicly in Baghdad in 1989, but appears never to have entered into Iraqi service. None were captured during the 1991 Gulf War; the programme was probably cancelled thereafter. Al-Fao

pos: Australian contribution to the 1991 Gulf War Middle East. A small team of RAAF photo-interpreters was posted to Saudi Arabia. Intelligence analysts from the RAAF and Defence Intelligence Organisation were also posted to Saudi Arabia. The only formed Australian Army units to participate in the Persian Gulf War were anti-aircraft missile teams from the 16th Air Defence Regiment, Royal Australian Artillery who, equipped with RBS 70 missiles, provided point defence to HMAS "Success" and HMAS "Westralia". A small number of Australians (mainly Army officers) on exchange to US and British units saw action in the Persian Gulf with those units. The Australian Army and Air Force provided

pos: Air Defense Artillery Branch activated; some of these existed only briefly. The serially numbered battalions in late World War II included the following types: and in the 1950s: On 9 March 1942 Antiaircraft Command was established in Washington D.C. and in 1944 the AAA school was moved to Fort Bliss. In 1991 the Patriot missile was heavily utilized during the Gulf War. After this short skirmish ended Air Defense has not been involved in any significant combat actions due to lack of enemy air assets and/or missile technology. In 2010 the United States Army Air Defense Artillery School was moved from Fort Bliss to

pos: George Galloway part of the greater Iraqi whole, stolen from the motherland by perfidious Albion", although Christopher Hitchens pointed out that the state existed long before Iraq had a name. The massacre of Kurds and Shias just after the 1991 Gulf war, was according to Galloway, "a civil war that involved massive violence on both sides". Writing for "The Observer" in April 2003, David Aaronovitch speculated that Galloway changed his opinion of Saddam Hussein under "the belief that my enemy's enemy is my friend. Or, in the context of the modern world, any anti-American will do. When Iraq stopped being a friend

pos: Palestinian refugees Kuwait due to harassment and intimidation by Iraqi security forces, in addition to getting fired from work by Iraqi authority figures in Kuwait. After the Gulf War, Kuwaiti authorities forcibly pressured nearly 200,000 Palestinians to leave Kuwait in 1991. Kuwait's policy, which led to this exodus, was a response to alignment of Palestinian leader Yasser Arafat and the Palestine Liberation Organization (PLO) with the dictator Saddam Hussein, who had earlier invaded Kuwait. Prior to the Gulf War, Palestinians numbered 400,0000 (30%) of Kuwait's population of 2.2 million. The Palestinians who fled Kuwait were Jordanian citizens. In 2013, there were 280,000

pos: William Arkin pledge by the U.S. government not to develop new nuclear weapons. His discovery of Top secret U.S. plans to secretly move nuclear weapons to a number of overseas locations involved governments from Bermuda to Iceland to the Philippines. Arkin led Greenpeace International’s research and action effort on the first Gulf War, being the first American military analyst to visit post-war Iraq in 1991, and the first to write about cluster bombs and about civilian casualties and the cascading effects of the bombing of electrical power. Arkin was also founding member of the Arms Project of Human Rights Watch and wrote

pos: Sukhoi Su-25 known as the Su-39) were further developments, not produced in significant numbers. The Su-25, and the Su-34, were the only armoured, fixed-wing aircraft in production in 2007. Su-25s are in service with Russia, other CIS members, and export customers. The type has seen combat in several conflicts during its more than 30 years in service. It was heavily involved in the Soviet–Afghan War, flying counter-insurgency missions against the Mujahideen. The Iraqi Air Force employed Su-25s against Iran during the 1980–88 Iran–Iraq War. Most were later destroyed or flown to Iran in the 1991 Persian Gulf War. The Georgian Air Force

pos: United Nations peacekeeping missions involving Pakistan administered the oath of office to Mr. Sam Nujoma as President of the newly independent State. "Contribution": 1136 total (troops and civilians).<br> "Casualties": None. United Nations Iraq-Kuwait Observation Mission (UNIKOM), was established on April 9, 1991 following the Gulf War by Security Council Resolution 689 (1991) and fully deployed by early May. In the aftermath of the 1991 Gulf war Kuwait found itself confronted with colossal post-war problems. They included the reclamation of the entire land of Kuwait which had been turned into a battlefield by Iraq and the Allied Forces. Almost the whole territory was infested with lethal mines,

pos: Naval tactics protection to Kuwaiti-owned tankers in the Persian Gulf between 1987 and 1988, during the Iran–Iraq War. Naval forces have played a supporting role in some land battles. US battleships provided gunfire support during the Vietnam War and the 1991 Gulf War. During the Falklands War, British destroyers and frigates carried out shellings on Argentine positions. The 1991 Croatian War and the subsequent War of Bosnia saw some naval action, initially when the Yugoslav Navy declared a blockade of the ports of Dalmatia from September to December 1991 and later in 1994-1995, when NATO naval forces, as part of Operation Sharp

pos: Gulf and Kuwait Medal is suspended. On 2 August 1990, Queen Elizabeth II, on the advice of her Cabinet under Prime Minister Brian Mulroney, created the Gulf and Kuwait Medal to recognize members of the Canadian Forces who had served in the theatre of the Gulf War. To qualify for the medal, individuals had to have served for 30 consecutive days between 2 August 1990 and 27 June 1991 in the region of the Persian Gulf as a part of the operation to liberate Kuwait from the invading Iraqi forces, and those who for a minimum of one day engaged in direct combat with

pos: Gulf War interim report to Congress on Operation Desert Storm. In the report, Cheney acknowledged that 457 enemy soldiers were buried during the ground war. A Palestinian exodus from Kuwait took place during and after the Gulf War. During the Gulf War, more than 200,000 Palestinians fled Kuwait during the Iraqi occupation of Kuwait due to harassment and intimidation by Iraqi security forces, in addition to getting fired from work by Iraqi authority figures in Kuwait. After the Gulf War, the Kuwaiti authorities forcibly pressured nearly 200,000 Palestinians to leave Kuwait in 1991. Kuwait's policy, which led to this exodus, was a

pos: 10th Special Forces Group (United States) 10th Special Forces Group (United States) The 10th Special Forces Group (Airborne) (10th SFG(A) or 10th Group) is an active duty United States Army Special Forces (SF) Group. The 10th Group is responsible for operations within the EUCOM area of responsibility, as part of Special Operations Command Europe (SOCEUR). In 2009, as part of a new SOCOM directive, the group is now also responsible for operations within the AFRICOM area of responsibility. 10th SFG(A) was deployed to Saudi Arabia in 1991 during the First Persian Gulf War. The 10th SFG has been heavily involved in the War on Terrorism, deploying

pos: Gulf and Kuwait Medal the enemy during the offensive that lasted from 16 January to 3 March 1991 were entitled to receive the additional medal bar; in total, 4,436 medals were issued, along with 3,184 bars. Gulf and Kuwait Medal The Gulf and Kuwait Medal (, or "Médaille du Golfe et du Kuwait") was a campaign medal created in 1990 by the Canadian monarch-in-Council to recognize members of the Canadian Forces who had directly participated in the Gulf War, either in the hostilities themselves or during the troop build-up prior to the invasion of Iraq. It is, within the Canadian system of honours, the

neg: Performances and adaptations of The Star-Spangled Banner funds for soldiers and families of those involved in the Persian Gulf War. Houston performed "The Star Spangled Banner" at Super Bowl XXV in 1991. The recording of her live performance was released as a single in the U.S. on February 12, 1991 and as the Gulf War was drawing to a close, and it peaked at number twenty on the "Billboard" Hot 100. Its B-side was "America the Beautiful". The single's video comprises footage from the recording of Houston's performance at the Super Bowl in 1991. The song would not be released elsewhere until it appeared on "" in

neg: Arabs in the Philippines to international trade. Many of the Lebanese sailors married local women and their descendants have since become Philippine citizens, including the owners of a famous pizzeria in Manila. In recent times, the first wave of Arabs to arrive to the Philippines were refugees from their war-torn nations, such as Lebanon which was under civil war in the 1980s, and Arab nations involved with the Gulf War in 1991. Other Arabs are entrepreneurs who intend to set up businesses. Present-day Arab Filipino families include the Bediris (Tawi-Tawi), the Usman Bin Husaifans from Hadramaut (Sulu Province), the Abubakars (Sulu), the Bajunaids (Maguindanao)

neg: Brent Brandon American Defense (Johns Hopkins Press.) Brent Brandon Brent D. Brandon (born 1960) is a former U.S. Air Force officer and Electronic Warfare Officer who scored an air-to-air kill against an Iraqi Dassault Mirage F1, in the opening minutes of the Gulf War on January 17, 1991. During an engagement that involved aggressive, low-altitude maneuvering, the F-1 impacted the ground making Brandon's unarmed EF-111 the only F-111 to achieve an aerial victory over another aircraft. After schooling near Oxford, England, Brent graduated in 1978 from the Bahrain School, an international high school in the Persian Gulf with students from 28 nations.

neg: Brent Brandon Brent Brandon Brent D. Brandon (born 1960) is a former U.S. Air Force officer and Electronic Warfare Officer who scored an air-to-air kill against an Iraqi Dassault Mirage F1, in the opening minutes of the Gulf War on January 17, 1991. During an engagement that involved aggressive, low-altitude maneuvering, the F-1 impacted the ground making Brandon's unarmed EF-111 the only F-111 to achieve an aerial victory over another aircraft. After schooling near Oxford, England, Brent graduated in 1978 from the Bahrain School, an international high school in the Persian Gulf with students from 28 nations. He earned an appointment to

neg: Australian contribution to the 1991 Gulf War Australian contribution to the 1991 Gulf War Australia was a member of the international coalition which contributed military forces to the 1991 Gulf War, also known as Operation Desert Storm. More than 1800 ADF personnel were deployed to the Persian Gulf from August 1990 to September 1991. In August 1990, two frigates HMAS "Adelaide" and HMAS "Darwin" and the replenishment ship HMAS "Success" left for the Persian Gulf. HMAS "Success" had no air defences so the Army 16th Air Defence Regiment deployed on this ship. On 3 December 1990, HMAS "Brisbane" and HMAS "Sydney" (IV) relieved HMAS "Adelaide" and HMAS

neg: AGM-88 HARM Air Force in Operation Desert Storm during the Persian Gulf War of 1991. During the Gulf War, the HARM was involved in a friendly fire incident when the pilot of an F-4G Wild Weasel escorting a B-52 bomber mistook the latter's tail gun radar for an Iraqi AAA site. (This was after the tail gunner of the B-52 had targeted the F-4G, mistaking it for an Iraqi MiG.) The F-4 pilot launched the missile and then saw that the target was the B-52, which was hit. It survived with shrapnel damage to the tail and no casualties. The B-52 was

neg: Gulf War syndrome Gulf War syndrome Gulf War syndrome, officially known as Gulf War illnesses and chronic multisymptom illness, is a chronic and multisymptomatic disorder affecting returning military veterans and civilian workers of the 1990–91 Gulf War. A wide range of acute and chronic symptoms have been linked to it, including fatigue, muscle pain, cognitive problems, rashes and diarrhea. Approximately 250,000 of the 697,000 U.S. veterans who served in the 1991 Gulf War are afflicted with enduring chronic multi-symptom illness, a condition with serious consequences. From 1995 to 2005, the health of combat veterans worsened in comparison with nondeployed veterans, with the onset

neg: George H. W. Bush following the end of the Gulf War; this resulted in the Madrid Conference, later in 1991. Several Iraqi families living in Belgium who lost loved ones in the Gulf War launched a lawsuit against George H. W. Bush for committing what they claim are war crimes in the 1991 Amiriyah shelter bombing in Baghdad, which killed more than 400 civilians. The suit was brought under Belgium's universal jurisdiction guarantees in March 2003. According to the Human Rights Watch, the Amiriyah shelter bombing was "a serious violation of the laws of war." Faced with a humanitarian disaster in Somalia which was

neg: U.S. Army Garrison Bamberg World War II. The barracks became the headquarters of the U.S. Constabulary, a mobile unit of the 28th Infantry Regiment and the 1st Infantry Division. This unit was responsible for patrolling the areas of Germany then occupied by U.S. forces. Bamberg units were involved in Operation Desert Storm from November 1990 through August 1991 and many returned to complete the deactivation process started prior to their involvement in the Gulf War. In October 1991, the Bamberg military community was designated as the 279th Base Support Battalion under the 99th Area Support Group, Nuremberg. The 279th Base Support Battalion was realigned

neg: HMS Otus (S18) escape him rather than depressurise and drain down. Both escapees suffered no lasting effects and returned to normal service. Both received military honours of the British Empire in the following years for this act. "Otus" was deployed to the Persian Gulf during the 1991 Gulf War under Operation Granby. On her return to Gosport, she was flying a Jolly Roger; the only indication that the submarine had been involved in deploying and recovering Special Air Service and Special Boat Service personnel. "Otus" was decommissioned in the early 1990s and resided at Pound's scrapyard in Portsmouth for several years. She was

neg: Task Force 1-41 Infantry Hillman's troops capturing all of the enemy soldiers. TF 3-66 AR recovered the members of the lost reconnaissance party unharmed. In the thick of the fog of war, U.S. units became mixed with Iraqi units dispersed throughout the desert. This confusion led to some friendly fire incidents. Task Force 1-41 Infantry was involved in the worst US "friendly fire" incident of the Gulf War on 27 February 1991. On 27 February 1991 the Task Force, while assigned as part of the 3rd Brigade of the 1st Infantry Division, had a hand in destroying 60 Iraqi tanks and 35 infantry vehicles

neg: Military history of Australia fighter aircraft. Australian submarines reportedly undertook a number of clandestine surveillance missions throughout Asian waters in the last decades of the Cold War. Airforce and Navy units were also involved in tracking Soviet ship and submarine movements in the region. Since then the Orions have continued to participate in maritime security operations as part of Operation Gateway, conducting patrols over the Indian Ocean, Strait of Malacca and South China Sea. They have reportedly also been involved in freedom of navigation flights. Australia was a member of the international coalition which contributed military forces to the 1991 Gulf War, deploying a

neg: Chris Wakim government designated that those who served on active duty during a specified period are indeed veterans of that war. Wakim served during that period designated as the Gulf War. Furthermore, records show he was stationed at Fort Devens in Massachusetts from 1988 to 1991, the period encompassing that of the Gulf War, and applied his knowledge of desert operations by training and evaluating Guard and Reserve units for deployment to the Middle East. In a 2006 interview with the Arab American Institute, Wakim discussed the details of his Gulf War service, saying his background as an Arab-American and his education

neg: Argentina police agencies. Argentina was the only South American country to send warships and cargo planes in 1991 to the Gulf War under UN mandate and has remained involved in peacekeeping efforts in multiple locations like UNPROFOR in Croatia/Bosnia, Gulf of Fonseca, UNFICYP in Cyprus (where among Army and Marines troops the Air Force provided the UN Air contingent since 1994) and MINUSTAH in Haiti. Argentina is the only Latin American country to maintain troops in Kosovo during SFOR (and later EUFOR) operations where combat engineers of the Argentine Armed Forces are embedded in an Italian brigade. In 2007, an Argentine

neg: HMS Opossum (S19) into the Royal Navy on 5 June 1964. In 1990, "Opossum" took part in the bicentennial celebrations at Pitcairn Island, marking the occasion with a two-day visit in September. "Opossum" was deployed to the Persian Gulf during the 1991 Gulf War under Operation Granby. On her return to Gosport, she was flying a Jolly Roger; the only indication that the submarine had been involved in deploying and recovering Special Air Service and Special Boat Service personnel. On 14 July 1993, "Opossum" (which was travelling on the surface at the time) collided with the fishing vessel "Amber Rose" off the coast

neg: Workers Solidarity Movement members joining or rejoining the Trotskyist Socialist Workers Party. At the time of the 1991 Gulf War it was relaunched but saw only a little growth in the early 1990s. The WSM has been involved in a wide range of struggles in Ireland: its members are involved in trade unions, have fought for abortion rights and against the growth of racism (especially state racism) in Ireland, and have also been involved in campaigns in support of workers from countries such as Nepal, Peru, Mexico and South Africa. In November 2001, along with the Irish Mexico Group, Gluaiseacht, the Anarcho-Syndicalist Federation,

neg: RAF Northolt private company Fields Aviation Services in April 1985, then to Lovaux Aircraft Servicing in 1990. In 1991, the Station Flight was established, taking delivery of two Britten-Norman Islanders in December which entered service in January 1992. No. 32 Squadron celebrated its Diamond Jubilee in 1991, at a time when personnel became involved in operations during the Gulf War. No. 38 Group RAF assumed control of RAF Northolt on 2 November 1992 following a wider restructuring of the RAF. On 16 December 1994, the new southside Operations Building opened, replacing the old Northolt Airport Terminal building. With the reorganisation of RAF

neg: Gulf War oil spill the adjacent areas. Full recovery of the salt marshes will certainly need some centuries. The "Financial Times", in reference to the April 2010 Deepwater Horizon oil spill in the Gulf of Mexico, cited the 1993 optimistic assessment of the Gulf War oil spill as evidence that "Initial warnings of catastrophic environmental damage from oil spills can turn out to be overdone". Gulf War oil spill The Gulf War oil spill was one of the largest oil spills in history, resulting from the Gulf War in 1991. The apparent strategic goal was to foil a potential landing by US Marines. It

neg: Gulf War syndrome stressors and that Gulf War veterans have lower rates of posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) than veterans of other wars. Medical ailments associated with service in the 1990-91 Gulf War have been recognized by both the U.S. Department of Defense and the U.S. Department of Veterans Affairs. Before 1998, the terms "Gulf War syndrome, Gulf War veterans' illness, unexplained illness", and "undiagnosed illness" were used interchangeably to describe chronic unexplained symptoms in veterans of the 1991 Gulf War. The term "chronic multisymptom illness" (CMI) was first used following publication of a 1998 study describing chronic unexplained symptoms in Air Force veterans

neg: Media coverage of the Gulf War show with highlights of mass demonstrations, artists' actions, lectures, and protests against mainstream media coverage at newspaper offices and television stations. Local media outlets in cities across the country screened similar oppositional media. The organization Fairness and Accuracy in Reporting (FAIR) critically analyzed media coverage during the Gulf War in various articles and books, such as the 1991 "Gulf War Coverage: The Worst Censorship was at Home". Although a short war, communication from the administration during the Gulf War was significant. Learning lessons from the television coverage of the Vietnam War, the Pentagon strategically communicated the Gulf War to the

neg: Coldstream Guards The Coldstream Guards was the first act on stage at the Wembley leg of the 1985 Live Aid charity concert. It played for the Prince and Princess of Wales. In 1991, the 1st battalion was dispatched to the first Gulf War, where it was involved in prisoner of war handling and other roles. In 1993, due to defence cutbacks, the 2nd battalion was placed in suspended animation. For much of the 1990s, the 1st Battalion was stationed in Münster, Germany, in the Armoured Infantry Role with Warrior APCs as part of the 4th Armoured Brigade. In 1993–1994, the battalion served

neg: James Baker beginning of the Gulf War, Baker decided that he would make some moves towards developing communications between Israel and Palestine. Baker became the first American statesman to negotiate directly and officially with Palestinians in the Madrid Conference of 1991, which was the first comprehensive peace conference that involved every party involved in the Arab-Israeli conflict and the conference was designed to address all outstanding issues. After this landmark event, he did not work to further improve Arab-Israeli relations. The administration forced Israel to halt the development of the 6,000 planned housing units, but the 11,000 housing units already under construction

neg: War and environmental law the UN Environment Programme, the World Health Organization and the International Maritime Organization will be of relevance here. The UN Security Council has also demonstrated environmental concern in deliberations on recent conflicts, for example, during the 1991 Gulf War. UNEP and IMO were also involved in this conflict, attempting to remedy the most serious of the environmental impacts. War and environmental law War can heavily damage the environment, and warring countries often place operational requirements ahead of environmental concerns for the duration of the war. Some international law is designed to limit this environmental harm. War and military activities have

neg: Royal Navy Submarine Service also COMSUBEASTLANT, part of Allied Command Atlantic, moved from HMS "Dolphin" at Gosport to the Northwood Headquarters. At the end of the Cold War in 1989 the Flag Officer Submarines, a Rear Admiral, who double-hatted as NATO Commander Submarine Force Eastern Atlantic (COMSUBEASTLANT), commanded a fleet of 30 submarines, which were grouped into four squadrons (First, Second, Third, and Tenth (SSBN)) at three bases. In May 1991 s and her sister returned to the submarine base in Gosport from patrol in the Persian Gulf flying Jolly Rogers, the only indication that they had been involved in alleged SAS and SBS

neg: Republican Guard (Iraq) April 1991, Colonel Montgomery Meigs, the commander of the 2nd Brigade of the 1st Armoured Division, paid his respects to his former enemy's Medina Division reporting that, "These guys stayed and fought." The Medina Division shot down an A-10 Thunderbolt II in the fighting for Medina Ridge on February 27, 1991, and other Republican Guard units were responsible for the destruction of a US Marine Corps Harrier, a USAF F-16 and a US Army UH-60 Blackhawk that day. All the eight Republican Guard divisions were involved in fighting during the Gulf War and the "Tawakalna" Division was disbanded due to

neg: The Gulf War Did Not Take Place Take Place" by Jean Giraudoux (in which characters attempt to prevent what the audience knows is inevitable). The essays in "Libération" and "The Guardian" were published before, during and after the Gulf War and they were titled accordingly: during the American military and rhetorical buildup as "The Gulf War Will not take Place"; during military action as "The Gulf War is not Taking Place", and after action was over, "The Gulf War Did Not Take Place". A book of elongated versions of the truncated original articles in French was published in May 1991. The English translation was published in early

neg: Royal Air Force was deployed with the Royal Navy, operating from the aircraft carrier HMS "Hermes". RAF pilots also flew missions using the Royal Navy's Sea Harriers in the air-to-air combat role. Following a British victory, the RAF remained in the South Atlantic to provide air defence to the Falkland Islands, based at RAF Mount Pleasant (built 1984). With the end of the Cold War and the collapse of the Soviet Union, the RAF's focus has returned to delivering expeditionary air power. Since 1990 the RAF has been involved in several large-scale operations, including: the 1991 Gulf War, the 1999 Kosovo War, the

neg: Operation Friction Operation Desert Storm component of the Gulf War began, January 16, 1991, Canada announced that it would send a field hospital to the Persian Gulf region. As a result, 1 Canadian Field Hospital from Petawawa, Ontario, joined the British land forces and was deployed in the Saudi Arabian desert behind 1 (UK) Armoured Division. The hospital became fully operational on February 25, 1991, only a few days before the hostilities ceased; it stopped operating on March 4, 1991. Operation Friction Operation Friction was a Canadian military operation that saw the contribution of 4,500 Canadian Forces personnel to the 1991 Gulf

neg: Meltdown (Red Dwarf) it and how many classic scenes it contains. Meltdown (Red Dwarf) "Meltdown" is the sixth, and final, episode of science fiction sitcom "Red Dwarf" Series IV and the twenty-fourth episode in the series run. It was first broadcast on the British television channel BBC2 on 21 March 1991. Written by Rob Grant and Doug Naylor, and directed by Ed Bye. The episode, featuring Wax-Droids of famous historical figures involved in a war of good versus evil, was originally supposed to open the series but was postponed due to the Gulf War conflict. Kryten discovers a matter transporter paddle in the

neg: Meltdown (Red Dwarf) Meltdown (Red Dwarf) "Meltdown" is the sixth, and final, episode of science fiction sitcom "Red Dwarf" Series IV and the twenty-fourth episode in the series run. It was first broadcast on the British television channel BBC2 on 21 March 1991. Written by Rob Grant and Doug Naylor, and directed by Ed Bye. The episode, featuring Wax-Droids of famous historical figures involved in a war of good versus evil, was originally supposed to open the series but was postponed due to the Gulf War conflict. Kryten discovers a matter transporter paddle in the research lab of "Red Dwarf". It can convert

neg: MS Golden Iris around the Persian Gulf, but for economic reasons she was permanently moored in Bahrain instead. Following the end of her service in the Gulf War, the ship was docked at Valletta, Malta on 23 September 1991. She re-entered normal service with Cunard on 19 October 1991. In 1993 the "Cunard Princess" was moved to the fleet of Cunard's newly created mid-market subsidiary Cunard Crown Cruises, joining her sister "Cunard Countess" and three ships chartered from EffJohn. Cunard Crown Cruises proved to be short-lived, and in 1995 the "Cunard Princess" was chartered to StarLauro Cruises, who were in need of a

neg: Operation Friction This was the first time since the Korean War that the Canadian military had participated in offensive combat operations. Operation Friction saw approximately 4,500 CF personnel deployed to the Persian Gulf from August 1990 – February 1991 with a peak deployment of 2,700 personnel during the Gulf War in January 1991. Personnel were primarily attached to four units in the Persian Gulf region: The headquarters of the Canadian Forces in the Middle East was a joint headquarters established on November 6, 1990, and commanded by Commodore Kenneth J. Summers. It included a communications unit and various joint military staffs. Before

neg: RAF Lossiemouth Supreme Allied Commander Europe ("SACEUR") for overland laser designation, in support of RAF Jaguars. During the 1991 Gulf War, personnel from all three Buccaneer squadrons took part in Operation Granby, the aircraft's first combat operation. Following a short-notice decision to deploy to the Middle East, the first batch of six aircraft were brought to readiness in under 72 hours, including the adoption of desert-pink camouflage and additional war-time equipment. Nearly everyone at Lossiemouth was involved in preparation for the detachment, with personnel working non-stop, day and night, to the extent that the Station Commander, Group Captain Jon Ford was reported

neg: Foreign policy of the George H. W. Bush administration War and agreed in preference for a peaceful solution to the conflict. This was the first time a U.S. President had met with the Syrian leader since Assad's meeting with Jimmy Carter in 1977. The meeting was seen as a demonstration of Bush's anxiety about the Gulf War and "politically risky". In January 1991, Baker met with Assad for the purpose of maintaining Arab solidarity in the Gulf War, the meeting being followed by a news conference held by Syrian Foreign Minister Farouk al-Sharaa who stated Israel should not interfere, comments that were seen as indicating Syria would either switch

neg: Sikorsky UH-60 Black Hawk 1983, and again in the invasion of Panama in 1989. During the Gulf War in 1991, the UH-60 participated in the largest air assault mission in U.S. Army history with over 300 helicopters involved. Two UH-60s (89-26214 and 78-23015) were shot down, both on 27 February 1991, while performing Combat Search and Rescue of other downed aircrews, an F-16C pilot and the crew of a MEDEVAC UH-1H that were shot down earlier that day. In 1993, Black Hawks featured prominently in the assault on Mogadishu in Somalia. Black Hawks also saw action in the Balkans and Haiti in the 1990s.

neg: Raytheon Sentinel Britten-Norman Islander (G-DLRA/ZG989) with a large nose radome for battlefield surveillance. The 1991 Gulf War confirmed the requirement for such an aircraft, but the end of the Cold War made funding difficult. The production contract was signed in December 1999 with a projected in-service date of 2005. The Sentinel R1 is a modified Bombardier Global Express powered by two Rolls-Royce BR700 turbofan engines. The programme involved five aircraft and eight mobile ground stations (six on wheeled all terrain vehicles and two in air transportable containers), and a training facility at RAF Waddington. The programme cost £850 million, as budgeted. The

neg: 163d Fighter Squadron mix Active-Duty, Reserve and Air National Guard elements into a combined force. Instead of entire permanent units deploying as "Provisional" as in the 1991 Gulf War, Expeditionary units are composed of "aviation packages" from several wings, including active-duty Air Force, the Air Force Reserve Command and the Air National Guard, would be married together to carry out the assigned deployment rotation. During fiscal year 1996, the 122d FW was involved in a critical series of rigorous exercises designed to determine our operational readiness in mobility and war fighting capabilities. The 122d FW met every challenge and completed the Operational Readiness

neg: Gulf War syndrome of the 1991 Gulf War. In a 2014 report contracted by the U.S. Department of Veterans Affairs, the National Academy of Sciences Institute of Medicine recommended the use the term "Gulf War illness" rather than "chronic multisymptom illness". Since that time, relevant publications by the National Academy of Science and the U.S. Department of Defense have used only the term "Gulf War illness" (GWI). The U.S. Department of Veterans Affairs (VA) confusingly still uses an array of both old and new terminology for "Gulf War illness". VA's specialty clinical evaluation War Related Illness and Injury Study Centers (WRIISCs) use the