query: what is the official colour of the golden gate bridge

pos: Golden Gate Bridge analyze all the reports. The review board's report, released in April 1962, concluded that running BART on the bridge was not advisable. The color of the bridge is officially an orange vermilion called "international orange". The color was selected by consulting architect Irving Morrow because it complements the natural surroundings and enhances the bridge's visibility in fog. Aesthetics was the foremost reason why the first design of Joseph Strauss was rejected. Upon re-submission of his bridge construction plan, he added details, such as lighting, to outline the bridge's cables and towers. In 1999, it was ranked fifth on the "List

pos: Orange (colour) series, wear orange swimsuits to make them stand out. Orange astronaut suits have the highest visibility in space, or against blue sea. An aircraft's two types of "black box," or flight data recorder and cockpit voice recorder, are actually bright orange, so they can be found more easily. In some cars, connectors related to safety systems, such as the airbag, may be coloured orange. The Golden Gate Bridge at the entrance of San Francisco Bay is painted international orange to make it more visible in the fog. Next to red, it is the colour most popular for extroverts, and as

neg: Golden Gate Bridge finished Presidio Parkway on the weekend of July 9–12, 2015. , an official at Caltrans said there is no plan to permanently rename the portion known as Doyle Drive. Golden Gate Bridge The Golden Gate Bridge is a suspension bridge spanning the Golden Gate, the strait connecting San Francisco Bay and the Pacific Ocean. The structure links the American city of San Francisco, California – the northern tip of the San Francisco Peninsula – to Marin County, carrying both U.S. Route 101 and California State Route 1 across the strait. The bridge is one of the most internationally recognized symbols

neg: Golden Gate Bridge District before allowing him to pass. An official song, "There's a Silver Moon on the Golden Gate", was chosen to commemorate the event. Strauss wrote a poem that is now on the Golden Gate Bridge entitled "The Mighty Task is Done." The next day, President Roosevelt pushed a button in Washington, D.C. signaling the official start of vehicle traffic over the Bridge at noon. As the celebration got out of hand there was a small riot in the uptown Polk Gulch area. Weeks of civil and cultural activities called "the Fiesta" followed. A statue of Strauss was moved in 1955

neg: Golden Gate Bridge Ellis major credit for the design of the bridge. The Golden Gate Bridge and Highway District, authorized by an act of the California Legislature, was incorporated in 1928 as the official entity to design, construct, and finance the Golden Gate Bridge. However, after the Wall Street Crash of 1929, the District was unable to raise the construction funds, so it lobbied for a $30 million bond measure. The bonds were approved in November 1930, by votes in the counties affected by the bridge. The construction budget at the time of approval was $27 million. However, the District was unable to

neg: Golden Gate Bridge Strauss. The name became official with the passage of the Golden Gate Bridge and Highway District Act by the state legislature in 1923, creating a special district to design, build and finance the bridge. San Francisco and most of the counties along the North Coast of California joined the Golden Gate Bridge District, with the exception being Humboldt County, whose residents opposed the bridge's construction and the traffic it would generate. Strauss was chief engineer in charge of overall design and construction of the bridge project. However, because he had little understanding or experience with cable-suspension designs, responsibility for much

neg: U.S. Route 101 authority of the King of Spain and his viceroys. These portions constitute the first major road in California. Before the Golden Gate Bridge was completed, US 101 was divided in the San Francisco Bay Area. US 101W followed the same general right-of-way of today's US 101 from San Jose to San Francisco. US 101E generally followed the right-of-way taken by today's I-880 from San Jose to Oakland, then across the Carquinez Bridge to follow what is now SR 37, joining US 101W. Since there was no Golden Gate Bridge yet, US 101W used a ferry across the Golden Gate Strait.

neg: Golden Gate Transit Golden Gate Transit Golden Gate Transit (GGT) is a public transportation system serving the North Bay region of the San Francisco Bay Area in California, United States. It primarily serves Marin and Sonoma counties, and also provides limited service to San Francisco and Contra Costa County. Golden Gate Transit is one of three transportation systems owned and operated by the Golden Gate Bridge, Highway and Transportation District; the others are the Golden Gate Bridge and Golden Gate Ferry, both of which connect San Francisco and Marin County. Funding for cross-bridge "Transbay" bus service is partially subsidized by Golden Gate Bridge

neg: Golden Gate Quartet Fame in 1998. In his 2011 album "So Beautiful or So What" musician Paul Simon used excerpts from their 1938 recording of "Golden Gate Gospel Train" to mix into the song "Love & Blessings". In addition, the group's music was also featured in the video game Battlefield Bad Company. For the latest update of The Golden Gate Quartet, please go to their official Facebook Page. Golden Gate Quartet The Golden Gate Quartet (a.k.a. The Golden Gate Jubilee Quartet) is an American vocal group. It was formed in 1931 and, with changes in membership, remains active. It is the most successful

neg: Kevin Briggs Kevin Briggs Sergeant Kevin Briggs (also known as the Guardian of the Golden Gate Bridge) is a California Highway Patrol officer who has stopped upwards of two hundred people from jumping off of the Golden Gate Bridge into San Francisco Bay. Recently, Briggs announced that he would be retiring from the California Highway Patrol and focus his efforts on suicide prevention. Briggs originally applied to the California Highway Patrol for employment when his friend applied and he wanted to see what it was about. During his career, he estimates that he dissuaded people from committing suicide on the Golden Gate

neg: Golden Gate Bridge end of the Golden Gate Bridge, adjacent to the tourist plaza which was renovated in 2012. The Bridge Round House, an Art Deco design by Alfred Finnila completed in 1938, has been popular throughout the years as a starting point for various commercial tours of the bridge and an unofficial gift shop. The diner was renovated in 2012 and the gift shop was then removed as a new, official gift shop has been included in the adjacent plaza. During the bridge work, the Assistant Civil Engineer of California Alfred Finnila had overseen the entire iron work of the bridge as

neg: Golden Gate Transit on November 10, 1969, the District has no authority to levy taxes, nor can it fund intra-county bus services; only inter-county service can be subsidized by Bridge tolls. Certain Golden Gate Transit routes are funded by the Metropolitan Transportation Commission using Regional Measure 2 funds. Golden Gate Transit has alleviated congestion on the Golden Gate Bridge and along the Golden Gate Corridor since 1972. A history of service is listed below. The Golden Gate Bridge, operated by the Golden Gate Bridge and Highway District, saw a huge increase in the number of crossings every year, from just 3.3 million in

neg: Golden Gate Bridge travel guide describes the Golden Gate Bridge as "possibly the most beautiful, certainly the most photographed, bridge in the world." At the time of its opening in 1937, it was both the longest and the tallest suspension bridge in the world, with a main span of and a total height of . Before the bridge was built, the only practical short route between San Francisco and what is now Marin County was by boat across a section of San Francisco Bay. A ferry service began as early as 1820, with a regularly scheduled service beginning in the 1840s for the

neg: Golden Gate Bridge, Highway and Transportation District Rafael. Two members of the board are also serve on the Sonoma–Marin Area Rail Transit board of directors and operations are coordinated between the two agencies. Golden Gate Bridge, Highway and Transportation District The Golden Gate Bridge, Highway and Transportation District is a special-purpose district that owns and operates three regional transportation assets in the San Francisco Bay Area: The District was incorporated on 4 December 1928 as the Golden Gate Bridge and Highway District to design, construct, and finance the Golden Gate Bridge. The responsibility of regional transit service within the Golden Gate Corridor was given to the District

neg: Golden Gate Bridge, Highway and Transportation District Golden Gate Bridge, Highway and Transportation District The Golden Gate Bridge, Highway and Transportation District is a special-purpose district that owns and operates three regional transportation assets in the San Francisco Bay Area: The District was incorporated on 4 December 1928 as the Golden Gate Bridge and Highway District to design, construct, and finance the Golden Gate Bridge. The responsibility of regional transit service within the Golden Gate Corridor was given to the District on 10 November 1969, and the District was given its current name at this time. The District's territory includes the City and County of San Francisco;

neg: Golden Gate Transit corner of Main and Folsom streets. Golden Gate Transit Golden Gate Transit (GGT) is a public transportation system serving the North Bay region of the San Francisco Bay Area in California, United States. It primarily serves Marin and Sonoma counties, and also provides limited service to San Francisco and Contra Costa County. Golden Gate Transit is one of three transportation systems owned and operated by the Golden Gate Bridge, Highway and Transportation District; the others are the Golden Gate Bridge and Golden Gate Ferry, both of which connect San Francisco and Marin County. Funding for cross-bridge "Transbay" bus service is

neg: Golden Gate Bridge in popular culture The Golden Gate Bridge also appeared in several SCS games like 18 Wheels of Steel series and American Truck Simulator as part of the game world. Golden Gate Bridge in popular culture As a prominent American landmark, the Golden Gate Bridge has been used in a variety of media, often shown or mentioned where San Francisco, California is the setting of the story. Golden Gate Bridge has been destroyed in the following films. It has featured also in the following movies. It has been the subject of a 2006 documentary and a 2008-2010 documentary TV series: The bridge appeared in

neg: Golden Gate the engraving is the USS Babcock, which served in the United States Navy from 1917 to 1919, and is seen passing through the Golden Gate into San Francisco Bay, its port of call. The Golden Gate Bridge is a suspension bridge spanning the Golden Gate, the opening of the San Francisco Bay onto the Pacific Ocean. As part of both US Highway 101 and California Route 1, it connects the city of San Francisco on the northern tip of the San Francisco Peninsula to Marin County. The Golden Gate Bridge was the longest suspension bridge span in the world when

neg: Suicides at the Golden Gate Bridge set up under the bridge. The boxes purportedly recorded 17 jumps in three months, far greater than the official count. The Whitney Museum, although questioning whether Jeremijenko's suicide-detection technology actually existed, nevertheless included her project in its prestigious Whitney Biennial. The first known intentional death from the Golden Gate Bridge occurred when the bridge was just a little over three months past its opening. In August 1937, 47-year-old World War I veteran Harold Wobber was employed as a bargeman and took a bus to the bridge. After he got off the bus, Wobber started down the pedestrian walkway of the

neg: Golden Gate Bridge in popular culture Golden Gate Bridge in popular culture As a prominent American landmark, the Golden Gate Bridge has been used in a variety of media, often shown or mentioned where San Francisco, California is the setting of the story. Golden Gate Bridge has been destroyed in the following films. It has featured also in the following movies. It has been the subject of a 2006 documentary and a 2008-2010 documentary TV series: The bridge appeared in the 2000 video game "Midtown Madness 2". The bridge is replicated in the 2004 video game "" which is itself heavily based on San Francisco, Los

neg: Golden Gate Bridge Golden Gate Bridge The Golden Gate Bridge is a suspension bridge spanning the Golden Gate, the strait connecting San Francisco Bay and the Pacific Ocean. The structure links the American city of San Francisco, California – the northern tip of the San Francisco Peninsula – to Marin County, carrying both U.S. Route 101 and California State Route 1 across the strait. The bridge is one of the most internationally recognized symbols of San Francisco, California, and the United States. It has been declared one of the Wonders of the Modern World by the American Society of Civil Engineers. The Frommer's

neg: Hanson Bridgett transit and water agencies throughout California, as well as agencies like the Golden Gate Bridge, Highway & Transportation District, which maintains the iconic Golden Gate Bridge. Prologis and Blue Diamond Growers are among the firm's corporate clients. In 2011, Hanson Bridgett was made the official law firm of the 34th America's Cup. Hanson Bridgett Hanson Bridgett is a US-based, full service law firm with more than 150 attorneys in offices throughout Northern California. Hanson Bridgett has actively chosen to remain a regional firm, addressing the national and international needs of its clients through its membership with Globalaw. Hanson Bridgett LLP

neg: Golden Gate Ferry Golden Gate Ferry Golden Gate Ferry is a commuter ferry service operated by the Golden Gate Bridge, Highway and Transportation District in the Bay Area of Northern California. Regular service is run to the Ferry Building in San Francisco from Larkspur, Sausalito, and Tiburon in Marin County, with additional service from Larkspur to AT&T Park for San Francisco Giants games. The ferry service is funded primarily by passenger fares and Golden Gate Bridge tolls. Golden Gate Ferry operates regular passenger ferry service on three routes: Limited service is also operated from Larkspur to AT&T Park for all San Francisco Giants

neg: Architecture of San Francisco might. The Golden Gate Bridge is the most instantly recognizable structure in the city of San Francisco. The bridge spans almost two miles across the Golden Gate, the narrow strait where San Francisco Bay opens to meet the Pacific Ocean, connecting the city with Marin County, California. The concept of a Golden Gate Bridge started with a journalist named James Wilking. Wilking promoted the idea that a bridge across the Golden Gate would bring many benefits. The idea for this bridge had surfaced forty years earlier, but over time people had lost interest, at least until Wilking revived the idea.

neg: Suicides at the Golden Gate Bridge Suicides at the Golden Gate Bridge Between 1937 and 2012, an estimated 1,600 bodies were recovered of people who had jumped from the Golden Gate Bridge, located in the San Francisco Bay Area in the United States. The four-second fall from the Golden Gate Bridge sends a person plunging at to hit the waters of the San Francisco Bay "with the force of a speeding truck meeting a concrete building." Jumping off the bridge holds a 98 percent fatality rate; , it is estimated that 26 people have survived after jumping. Some die instantly from internal injuries, while others drown

neg: Golden Gate Bridge stated that uncontrolled pedestrian access was not being considered as part of the 75th anniversary on Sunday, May 27, 2012, because of the additional law enforcement costs required "since 9/11". Until 1964, the Golden Gate Bridge had the longest suspension bridge main span in the world, at . Since 1964 its main span length has been surpassed by thirteen bridges; it now has the second-longest main span in the United States, after the Verrazzano-Narrows Bridge in New York City. The total length of the Golden Gate Bridge from abutment to abutment is . The Golden Gate Bridge's clearance above high

neg: Heller Ehrman Firm successfully takes up on appeal what would become a watershed case in Wells Fargo's history. The issue in McDuffie v. Wells Fargo Bank is whether the bank can apply the proceeds of four foreign bills of exchange to an indebtedness due from the Richfield Oil Company to the bank. 1937: Construction of the Golden Gate Bridge is completed. Jerome White serves as the Golden Gate Bridge District's General Counsel, arranging for the bonds to carry the project. 1959: Heller Ehrman takes long-time client Ampex Corporation public. 1960: Firm represents Consolidated Foods in a round of acquisitions, including Abbey Rents,

neg: Golden Gate International Exposition Golden Gate International Exposition The Golden Gate International Exposition (GGIE) (1939 and 1940), held at San Francisco's Treasure Island, was a World's Fair celebrating, among other things, the city's two newly built bridges. The San Francisco–Oakland Bay Bridge opened in 1936 and the Golden Gate Bridge in 1937. The exposition opened from February 18, 1939, through October 29, 1939, and from May 25, 1940, through September 29, 1940. The idea to hold a World's Fair to commemorate the completion of the Bay Bridge and Golden Gate Bridge started from a letter to "The San Francisco News" in February 1933. Architects

neg: Golden Gate Gate Bridge. Lighthouses with beacons and foghorns provide alerts at Point Bonita, Point Diablo, Lime Point and Mile Rocks. Before the Golden Gate Bridge was built, a lighthouse protected the south side of the strait at Fort Point. Buoys and radar reflectors provide additional navigational aid at various locations throughout the strait. Golden Gate The Golden Gate is a strait on the west coast of North America that connects San Francisco Bay to the Pacific Ocean. It is defined by the headlands of the San Francisco Peninsula and the Marin Peninsula, and, since 1937, has been spanned by the Golden

neg: Golden Gate Transit tolls in addition to traditional federal and state sources. GGT provides some bus service within Marin County under contract with Marin Transit. Golden Gate Transit is constituted as a special district under California State Law, as evidenced by Assembly Bill 584, creating the Golden Gate Bridge, Highway and Transportation District (District). The District consists of 19 directors from 6 Northern California counties: Unlike most transit agencies, which are funded by local taxes, Golden Gate Transit is subsidized by tolls collected at the Golden Gate Bridge. According to the mandate presented by Assembly Bill 584 passed by the California State Legislature

neg: Suicides at the Golden Gate Bridge Page's 9-year-old stepson, who was at school at the time of all three deaths, was found at the family home. In the letter Page apologized for what he had done, showing premeditation for both the murders of his wife and daughter as well as his suicide. On August 26, 1993, Roy Raymond, the founder of Victoria's Secret, died after falling from the Golden Gate Bridge at the age of 46. Last seen walking toward the bridge, Raymond's body was shortly thereafter washed up on a shoreline in Marin County; investigators concluded that he had committed suicide by jumping from the

neg: Kirby Cove Camp Kirby Cove Camp Kirby Cove Camp is a campground and scenic area managed by the Golden Gate National Recreation Area (GGNRA) in the Marin Headlands, California. It is located at sea level below Conzelman Road, which leads from the north end of the Golden Gate Bridge up and along the Marin Headlands overlooking the Golden Gate strait that leads into San Francisco Bay. A road behind a locked gate leads to Kirby Cove from just beyond Battery Spencer, the first set of bunkers encountered from Highway 101 at the north end of the Golden Gate Bridge. Kirby Cove Camp is

neg: Golden Gate Bridge of the concurrency between U.S. Route 101 and California State Route 1. Although part of the National Highway System, the bridge is not officially part of California's Highway System. For example, under the , Route 101 ends at "the approach to the Golden Gate Bridge" and then resumes at "a point in Marin County opposite San Francisco". The Golden Gate Bridge, Highway and Transportation District has jurisdiction over the segment of highway that crosses the bridge instead of the California Department of Transportation (Caltrans). The movable median barrier between the lanes is moved several times daily to conform to traffic

neg: Golden Gate Ferry Company Golden Gate Ferry Company Golden Gate Ferry Company was a private company which operated automobile ferries between San Francisco, Berkeley and Sausalito before the opening of the Bay Bridge and the Golden Gate Bridge. In early 1929, the Golden Gate Ferry Company merged with the ferry system of the Southern Pacific railroad, becoming the Southern Pacific-Golden Gate Ferries, Ltd. In 1926, the Golden Gate Ferry Company began construction of the Berkeley Pier. It was built out from the foot of University Avenue, extending about into the Bay (measured from the original shoreline). On June 16, 1927, auto ferry service began

neg: Suicides at the Golden Gate Bridge key design changes made to the bridge by architect Irving Morrow, notably the lowering of the pedestrian railing. It also explores the public discussions of the problem of suicide prevention over the decades, with a focus on notable local news coverage. Suicides at the Golden Gate Bridge Between 1937 and 2012, an estimated 1,600 bodies were recovered of people who had jumped from the Golden Gate Bridge, located in the San Francisco Bay Area in the United States. The four-second fall from the Golden Gate Bridge sends a person plunging at to hit the waters of the San Francisco Bay

neg: 124 Horseferry Road blocks that are connected to a central entrance block in an L shape. The entrance has a concave glazed wall. The building is finished in grey steel cladding, which is perforated by red-ochre steel struts. John Young, the project architect, said that the colour was "taken from a paint sample provided by the City of San Francisco: it is the same colour as the Golden Gate Bridge". 124 Horseferry Road 124 Horseferry Road is the headquarters for the British television broadcaster, Channel 4. It is located in the City of Westminster, London and includes 100 residential apartments. The building was

neg: MacArthur Tunnel approval of plans for a tunnel for the Funston approach in July 1936, but formal approval of the plans and a permit to begin construction were not signed until August 1938 as the plans that had been reviewed – and the accompanying permission to construct on the Presidio – were conceptual up to that point. The Redwood Empire Association called upon city and Golden Gate Bridge District directors to rename the Funston approach just before it opened in 1940, suggesting possibilities such as "Golden Gate Bridge Parkway," "Golden Gate Bridge-Way," and "Golden Gate Bridge–Redwood Empire-way." The completion of the Funston

neg: Priya David broadcast journalism from University of Southern California in 2002. Clemens was born in Chennai, India. She grew up in Virginia, California, Brussels and London, where her father worked for an American company that worked with NATO. Priya David Priya David Clemens is an American spokesperson based in San Francisco, California. (She is also known by her maiden name, Priya David.) Clemens is the spokesperson for the Golden Gate Bridge District, handling communications and media for the Golden Gate Bridge, Golden Gate Ferry, and Golden Gate Transit bus system. Clemens has worked as a CBS News correspondent based in New York

neg: Priya David Priya David Priya David Clemens is an American spokesperson based in San Francisco, California. (She is also known by her maiden name, Priya David.) Clemens is the spokesperson for the Golden Gate Bridge District, handling communications and media for the Golden Gate Bridge, Golden Gate Ferry, and Golden Gate Transit bus system. Clemens has worked as a CBS News correspondent based in New York City, reporting for the CBS Evening News and for The Early Show, and filling in as an occasional Saturday and Sunday CBS Evening News anchor. In 2008 and 2009. during the international sub-prime crisis, Clemens regularly

neg: Golden Gate Ferry Company and renamed "Kehloken". It was in service until 1979 when it was burned in a fire that spread from the pier it was moored to. The "Golden Bear" was damaged off the coast of Oregon while being towed to Washington state in 1937 and subsequently salvaged for parts. The "Golden Dawn" was simply retired in 1937, presumably for scrap. Golden Gate Ferry Company Golden Gate Ferry Company was a private company which operated automobile ferries between San Francisco, Berkeley and Sausalito before the opening of the Bay Bridge and the Golden Gate Bridge. In early 1929, the Golden Gate Ferry

neg: Golden Gate Ferry Gate Ferry to allow faster and more frequent service than the monohull ferries. The "Napa" (formerly "Snohomish") and "Golden Gate" (formerly "Chinook") were purchased from Washington State Ferries in January 2009. The "Napa" underwent refurbishment starting in late 2009. Golden Gate Ferry began service in 1970 with the M.S. "Golden Gate". Before she was retired in 2004, she made 42,108 round trips between Sausalito and San Francisco, carried 21 million passengers and traveled nearly . Golden Gate Ferry Golden Gate Ferry is a commuter ferry service operated by the Golden Gate Bridge, Highway and Transportation District in the Bay Area

neg: Interstate 280 (California) which would have been at the junction with the Panhandle Freeway just south of Fulton and Park Presidio, along what would have been the Park Presidio Freeway north to the south approach to the Golden Gate Bridge. At that point, I-280 would have met Interstate 480, which would have headed east on Doyle Drive (U.S. Route 101), the Golden Gate Freeway, and onto the Embarcadero Freeway to reach the San Francisco–Oakland Bay Bridge. I-480 would have continued south on the never-built section of the Southern-Embarcadero Freeway from Folsom and the Embarcadero to 5th and King Street, then along the present

neg: Golden Gate Bridge two or more people and motorcycles pay a discounted toll of $4; drivers must have Fastrak to take advantage of this carpool rate. The Golden Gate Transportation District then planned to increase the tolls by 25 cents in July 2015, and then by another 25 cents each of the next three years. In March 2008, the Golden Gate Bridge District board approved a resolution to start congestion pricing at the Golden Gate Bridge, charging higher tolls during the peak hours, but rising and falling depending on traffic levels. This decision allowed the Bay Area to meet the federal requirement to

neg: Marin Headlands thousands of acres that would have been developed were sold to the Golden Gate National Recreation Area allowing the open space to stay intact as a park. The area has views of San Francisco and, as such, is a tourist destination. One of the most common photographs of San Francisco is the view of the city from the Headlands with the towers of the Golden Gate Bridge just reaching out of the fog. On clear days, the site takes in views of the bay, including the Farallon Islands, Angel Island, Alcatraz, the San Francisco–Oakland Bay Bridge, the Golden Gate Bridge

neg: Golden Gate Bridge, Highway and Transportation District is the contractor for a majority of bus service provided by Marin Transit, a relationship that dates to 1971. Golden Gate Transit has operated bus service across the Richmond-San Rafael Bridge to Contra Costa County on behalf of the Metropolitan Transportation Commission since 1993. The District's primary revenue source is tolling on the southbound lanes of the Golden Gate Bridge. A mix of tolls, transportation subsidies, and grants is used to support bus and ferry services. The District has a 19-member board of directors: The District is headquartered in San Francisco; it has administrative offices in San Francisco and San

neg: Golden Gate Bridge open exclusively to bicyclists in the evening and overnight, when it is closed to pedestrians. The western walkway is open only for bicyclists and only during the hours when they are not allowed on the eastern walkway. Bus service across the bridge is provided by two public transportation agencies: San Francisco Muni and Golden Gate Transit. Muni offers Saturday and Sunday service on the Marin Headlands Express bus line, and Golden Gate Transit runs numerous bus lines throughout the week. The southern end of the bridge, near the toll plaza and parking lot, is also accessible daily from 5:30 a.m.

neg: Golden Gate new name. In his memoirs, John C. Frémont wrote, "To this Gate I gave the name of 'Chrysopylae', or 'Golden Gate'; for the same reasons that the harbor of Byzantium was called Chrysoceras, or Golden Horn." He went on to comment that the strait was “a golden gate to trade with the Orient.” In the 1920s, no bridge spanned the watery expanse between San Francisco and Marin in California—so when the U.S. Post Office issued a postage stamp on May 1, 1923, celebrating "The Golden Gate", the issue naturally portrayed the scene without a bridge. The schooner sailing ship in

neg: The Golden Gate (MacLean novel) The Golden Gate (MacLean novel) The Golden Gate is a novel written by the Scottish author Alistair MacLean. It was first released in the United Kingdom by Collins in 1976 and later in the same year by Doubleday in the United States. A team of criminals led by mastermind Peter Branson kidnaps the President of the United States and his two guests from the Middle East, a prince and a king, on San Francisco's Golden Gate Bridge, in a masterfully conceived and clockwork-timed operation. Branson and his men block off both ends of the bridge, wire it with explosives, and

neg: MV Golden Gate As the "Chinook", the ferry had previously been mothballed at the WSF Shipyard at Eagle Harbor, Bainbridge Island for four years when she was placed on eBay for auction on February 20, 2008 with an asking price of $4.5 million (USD). MV Golden Gate MV "Golden Gate (previously MV "Chinook) is a passenger-only fast ferry operated by Golden Gate Ferries. The vessel is the second passenger ferry to hold the name and was purchased from Washington State Ferries by the Golden Gate Bridge, Highway and Transportation District (along with ) and entered service with Golden Gate Transit in May 2011

neg: MV Golden Gate MV Golden Gate MV "Golden Gate (previously MV "Chinook) is a passenger-only fast ferry operated by Golden Gate Ferries. The vessel is the second passenger ferry to hold the name and was purchased from Washington State Ferries by the Golden Gate Bridge, Highway and Transportation District (along with ) and entered service with Golden Gate Transit in May 2011 after a complete refit that began in late 2009. In 1999 the vessel was built to offer 30 minute ferry service from Bremerton to Seattle, a few years later service ended because of beach possible erosion along Puget sound's Rich Passage.

neg: Marinship (5 km) north of the Golden Gate Bridge. The site was chosen because the shoreline in the vicinity of the proposed shipyard was relatively uncluttered, unlike much of the rest of San Francisco Bay or other major Pacific ports.. It had no official name while it was being built but was referred to as the "Marin Shipbuilding Division of W.A. Bechtel Company" and that lengthy title was shortened to Marin-Ship or what known today as "Marinship" with a street in Sausalito named Marinship Way. Six ship launching ways were planned, but the old repair yard, purchased from Southern Pacific Railroad,

neg: Suicides at the Golden Gate Bridge interventions each year. In addition to Golden Gate bridge patrol, law enforcement, and emergency medical personnel, there are Golden Gate Bridge ironworkers who volunteer their time to prevent suicides by talking to or wrestling down suicidal people. One of the ironworkers, Ken Hopper, began working at the bridge in the mid-1980s and sees the volunteer rescue duty as "part of the job". Called "Cowboys of the Sky", they have the equipment and knowledge of the bridge, as well as the experience working at extreme heights, giving them the qualifications to go over the rail and assist those in need. While

neg: Golden Gate National Parks Conservancy engagement; it has provided programs to more than 800,000 students and adults since opening, including some 25,000 schoolchildren. Many of its programs are designated specifically for low-income youths. The restoration has been praised both for its focus on restoring wildlife habitat, and its positive impact for the surrounding community and visitors, with more than one million visitors annually. The Golden Gate Bridge is an iconic suspension bridge that connects San Francisco and Marin County. For the bridge's 75th anniversary in 2012, the Parks Conservancy, in partnership with the National Park Service and the Golden Gate Bridge, Highway and Transportation District,

neg: San Francisco–Oakland Bay Bridge Sunday. BART and the Golden Gate Ferry systems added supplemental service to accommodate the increased passenger load during the bridge closure. The bridge reopened to traffic on November 2, 2009. The pieces that broke off on October 27 were a saddle, crossbars, and two tension rods. The bridge was unofficially "dedicated" to James B. "Sunny Jim" Rolph, Jr., but this was not widely recognized until the bridge's 50th-anniversary celebrations in 1986. The official name of the bridge for all functional purposes has always been the "San Francisco–Oakland Bay Bridge", and, by most local people, it is referred to simply as

neg: Golden Gate Golden Gate The Golden Gate is a strait on the west coast of North America that connects San Francisco Bay to the Pacific Ocean. It is defined by the headlands of the San Francisco Peninsula and the Marin Peninsula, and, since 1937, has been spanned by the Golden Gate Bridge. The entire shoreline and adjacent waters throughout the strait are managed by the Golden Gate National Recreation Area. During the last Ice Age, when sea level was several hundred feet lower, the waters of the glacier-fed Sacramento River and the San Joaquin River scoured a deep channel through the bedrock

neg: Golden Gate Bridge to a site near the bridge. In May 1987, as part of the 50th anniversary celebration, the Golden Gate Bridge district again closed the bridge to automobile traffic and allowed pedestrians to cross the bridge. However, this celebration attracted 750,000 to 1,000,000 people, and ineffective crowd control meant the bridge became congested with roughly 300,000 people, causing the center span of the bridge to flatten out under the weight. Although the bridge is designed to flex in that way under heavy loads, and was estimated not to have exceeded 40% of the yielding stress of the suspension cables, bridge officials

neg: Suicides at the Golden Gate Bridge efforts were given momentum by two films dealing with the topic of suicide and the Golden Gate Bridge. On January 14, 2005 the "San Francisco Chronicle" published an open letter by writer-director Jenni Olson calling for a suicide barrier on the Golden Gate Bridge. The letter was, in part, an excerpt from the script of her film "The Joy of Life", which world-premiered the following week, on January 20, 2005, at the Sundance Film Festival. The day before, on January 19, 2005, the "Chronicle" broke the news that filmmaker Eric Steel had been shooting suicide leaps from the bridge during

neg: Marin Headlands Nurseries. Marin Headlands The Marin Headlands is a hilly peninsula at the southernmost end of Marin County, California, United States, located just north of San Francisco across the Golden Gate Bridge, which connects the two counties and peninsulas. The entire area is part of the Golden Gate National Recreation Area. The Headlands are famous for their views of the Bay Area, especially of the Golden Gate Bridge. The Headlands sometimes create their own clouds when moist, warm Pacific Ocean breezes are pushed into higher, colder air, causing condensation, fog, fog drip and perhaps rain. The hills also get more precipitation

neg: Marin Headlands Marin Headlands The Marin Headlands is a hilly peninsula at the southernmost end of Marin County, California, United States, located just north of San Francisco across the Golden Gate Bridge, which connects the two counties and peninsulas. The entire area is part of the Golden Gate National Recreation Area. The Headlands are famous for their views of the Bay Area, especially of the Golden Gate Bridge. The Headlands sometimes create their own clouds when moist, warm Pacific Ocean breezes are pushed into higher, colder air, causing condensation, fog, fog drip and perhaps rain. The hills also get more precipitation than

neg: MacArthur Tunnel MacArthur Tunnel The MacArthur Tunnel, formally known as the General Douglas MacArthur Tunnel, is a highway tunnel in San Francisco, California. It is located within the Presidio of San Francisco, now part of the Golden Gate National Recreation Area. The tunnel carries California State Route 1 under a large hill and under the Presidio Golf Course. It connects Park Presidio Boulevard (Hwy 1) in the Richmond District to US 101 on the Doyle Drive viaduct, and the Golden Gate Bridge. When the Golden Gate Bridge opened in 1937, the approach for northbound traffic to Marin County was carried solely by

neg: Suicide known for high levels of suicide attempts. These include San Francisco's Golden Gate Bridge, Japan's Aokigahara Forest, England's Beachy Head and Toronto's Bloor Street Viaduct. , the Golden Gate Bridge has had more than 1,300 die by suicide by jumping since its construction in 1937. Many locations where suicide is common have constructed barriers to prevent it; this includes the Luminous Veil in Toronto, the Eiffel Tower in Paris, the West Gate Bridge in Melbourne and Empire State Building in New York City. They appear to be generally effective. An example of mass suicide is the 1978 Jonestown killings/suicide in

neg: Fort Point Light, San Francisco Gate Bridge were completed, the lighthouse was deactivated. The bridge would block off much of the light from the lighthouse, and as the towers were tall, they provided a more visible warning for mariners. Early keepers of Fort Point Light included: Assistant keepers included: Fort Point Light, San Francisco Fort Point Light is a decommissioned lighthouse built on the third tier of Fort Point, which is now directly beneath the south anchorage of the Golden Gate Bridge in San Francisco, California. The lighthouse is at the south end of the narrowest part of Golden Gate strait. It was preceded by

neg: Golden Gate Bridge in popular culture Angeles and Las Vegas. There it is known as the "Gant Bridge". In "", the bridge is destroyed in the "Collapse" campaign mission after Atlas detonates it. The 2011 game "", as its name implies, is set in San Fransisco. It also features many missions modelled after famous movie car chases including one from Gone in 60 Seconds which ends at the Golden Gate Bridge. In "Watch Dogs 2", the bridge appears in the game as it is set in the San Francisco Bay Area. In a side mission in the game, the character will paint graffiti on the Bridge.

neg: Suicide bridge Suicide bridge A suicide bridge is a bridge used frequently to die by suicide, most typically by jumping off and into the water or ground below. A fall from the height of a tall bridge into water may be fatal, although people have survived jumps from high bridges such as the Golden Gate Bridge. Medical examiners at the Golden Gate Bridge state that jumpers suffer a gruesome death as their bodies hit the water at about , with severe organ damage (multiple ruptured organs) and broken necks, pelvises, etc. To reach such locations, those with the intention to die by

neg: San Francisco City Guides Guides be official guides for new Moscone Center. In 1984, City Guides was appointed as San Francisco's official Docent by Mayor Feinstein. In 1986, City Guides was asked to be official Bridge Guides for the 50th Anniversary Celebration by the Friends of the Golden Gate Bridge; this tour became the eleventh regularly offered tour. San Francisco Public Library became City Guides' primary sponsor, while City Guides became a project of The Tides Center, which now serves as fiscal agent, replacing Friends of the Library in 1996. In 2001, City Guides received the Ron Ross Founders Award from the San Francisco

neg: U.S. Route 101 in California US 101 became part of it in 1958) and finally replaced by I-5 in 1968. Significant portions of US 101 from its southern terminus to the San Francisco Bay Area is designated as the Royal Road or El Camino Real. The route roughly follows the historic trail that connected the former Alta California's 21 missions. Before the Golden Gate Bridge was completed in 1937, there was regular vehicle ferry service across the Golden Gate strait, running from the Hyde Street Pier to Sausalito. Under the , the Golden Gate Bridge is legally "not" part of US 101. The portion of

neg: Golden Gate National Parks Conservancy Tamalpais region in Marin County, California. The Parks Conservancy is also collaborating with the Presidio Trust and the NPS on the New Presidio Parklands Project, that will create 10 acres of new national parkland in the Presidio of San Francisco, bridging the new Presidio Parkway tunnel that connects the Golden Gate Bridge to the city street grid. The Parks Conservancy has overseen several notable programs, sites, and campaigns, including Alcatraz, Crissy Field, Muir Woods, and the Golden Gate Bridge 75th Anniversary Opened to the public in 1973 by the National Park Service, Alcatraz Island is a significant historical site, and

neg: Golden Gate Bridge million. Since its completion, the Golden Gate Bridge has been closed because of weather conditions only three times: on December 1, 1951, because of gusts of ; on December 23, 1982, because of winds of ; and on December 3, 1983, because of wind gusts of . An anemometer, placed midway between the two towers on the west side of the bridge, has been used to measure wind speeds. Another anemometer was placed on one of the towers. Modern knowledge of the effect of earthquakes on structures led to a program to retrofit the Golden Gate to better resist seismic

neg: The Bridge (2006 documentary film) was released by Koch Lorber Films on June 12, 2007. The soundtrack of "The Bridge" was composed by the British film composer Alex Heffes and is called "The Shadow of the Bridge." The Bridge (2006 documentary film) The Bridge is a 2006 British-American documentary film by Eric Steel spanning one year of filming at the famed Golden Gate Bridge which crosses the Golden Gate entrance to San Francisco Bay, connecting the city of San Francisco, California to the Marin Headlands of Marin County, in 2004. The film captured a number of suicides, and featured interviews with family and friends of

neg: Suicides at the Golden Gate Bridge Sprague's behavior was normal enough to not attract the attention of the on-set suicide prevention teams. As seen in the end of the film, after watching the water for a minute or two, Sprague pulled himself over the railing, stood up and fell backwards into the San Francisco Bay. On June 5, 2014, at 4:22 pm, 27-year-old Sean Moylan of Novato, California, jumped from the Golden Gate Bridge, ending his life. The Coast Guard pulled Moylan's body out of the waters beneath the bridge. Moylan was the grandson of John Moylan, a longtime member of the Golden Gate District board

neg: Ferries of San Francisco Bay ferries to form the subsidiary Southern Pacific-Golden Gate Company in 1929. Another auto ferry pier operated at the foot of Broadway. Southern Pacific-Golden Gate auto ferries ceased operation shortly after the San Francisco–Oakland Bay Bridge and Golden Gate Bridge opened. A few of the larger ferries were purchased by the Richmond-San Rafael Ferry Company to shuttle automobiles between Richmond and San Rafael, but most were sold for use in Puget Sound. The surviving auto ferries were idled when the Richmond–San Rafael Bridge opened in 1956. In 1914, a short-lived seaplane ferry ran between San Francisco and Oakland. From 1930 to

neg: Suicides at the Golden Gate Bridge had long been proposed. The Golden Gate Bridge, referred to by Krista Tippett as a "suicide magnet", is the second-most used suicide site/suicide bridge in the world, after the Nanjing Yangtze River Bridge (see List of suicide sites). The deck is about above the water. After a fall of four seconds, jumpers hit the water at around 75 mph (120 km/h). Most of the jumpers die due to impact trauma. About 5% of the jumpers survive the initial impact but generally drown or die of hypothermia in the cold water. Most suicidal jumps from the bridge have occurred on the

neg: Al Zampa replaced the 1927 span of the Carquinez Bridge which Al helped construct, beginning at the young age of 20. Al Zampa Alfred Zampa (March 12, 1905 – April 23, 2000) was a United States bridge worker who played an integral role in the construction of numerous San Francisco Bay Area bridges during the early twentieth century. He is most notable for being one of the first people to survive falling off the Golden Gate Bridge. He is a charter member of the Half Way to Hell Club, whose members are the men who fell from the Golden Gate Bridge and

neg: The Bridge (2006 documentary film) The Bridge (2006 documentary film) The Bridge is a 2006 British-American documentary film by Eric Steel spanning one year of filming at the famed Golden Gate Bridge which crosses the Golden Gate entrance to San Francisco Bay, connecting the city of San Francisco, California to the Marin Headlands of Marin County, in 2004. The film captured a number of suicides, and featured interviews with family and friends of some of the identified people who had thrown themselves from the bridge that year. The film was inspired by a 2003 article titled "Jumpers," written by Tad Friend for "The New Yorker"

neg: Suicides at the Golden Gate Bridge In March 2014, "The New York Times" reported that it is expected that the directors of the Bridge District will vote to change its policy and allow the use of toll money to supplement governmental funds for a suicide barrier. The proposed suicide barrier will consist of stainless steel netting stretching out on either side of the bridge, and 20 feet below the bridge. Funding for building this barrier was unanimously approved by the Golden Gate Bridge Board of Directors on June 27, 2014. The MTC approved to contribute $27 million of the $76-million overall cost for the project, and

neg: Suicides at the Golden Gate Bridge having let go of the rope. Retired UCSF professor of psychiatry Jerome Motto stated that Alarab might have been disturbed by the outbreak of the war and "that previously bearable pain suddenly became intolerable". On May 11, 2004, Gene Sprague, a native of San Mateo, California, committed suicide by jumping off the Golden Gate Bridge. His death is documented in the 2006 film "The Bridge". During the filming of "The Bridge", the crew noticed Sprague walking back and forth along the bridge for around 90 minutes, before stopping to lean over the railing. According to Eric Steel, the film's director,

neg: San Francisco–Oakland Bay Bridge shifts. On Monday, September 1, 1969, (Labor Day) a change of policy resulted in the toll being collected thereafter only from westbound traffic, at twice the previous rate; eastbound vehicles were toll-exempt. Tolls were subsequently raised to finance improvements to the bridge approaches, required to connect with new freeways, and to subsidize public transit in order to reduce the traffic over the bridge. Caltrans, the state highway transportation agency, maintains seven of the eight San Francisco Bay Area bridges. (The Golden Gate Bridge is owned and maintained by the Golden Gate Bridge, Highway and Transportation District.) The basic toll (for

neg: MV Mendocino MV Mendocino The M/V "Mendocino" is a passenger-only fast ferry operated by Golden Gate Ferries. The vessel is named after Mendocino County, one of the member counties of the Golden Gate Bridge, Highway and Transportation District. The "Mendocino" was designed by In-Cat and built by Nichols Bros. It was the second catamaran placed into service by Golden Gate Ferry. On July 20, 2001, on its way to Larkspur from the shipbuilder in Washington, Golden Gate Ferry’s second high-speed catamaran, M.V. "Mendocino", made a stop to be christened in her home county at Noyo Harbor near Fort Bragg. On September 10,

neg: Suicides at the Golden Gate Bridge decision in midair, if not before". This observation is supported by survivor Ken Baldwin, who explained, "I instantly realized that everything in my life that I'd thought was unfixable was totally fixable—except for having just jumped." The 2006 release of "The Bridge" exerted additional pressure on the Bridge District and created continued public awareness. The film also documented interviews with surviving family members of those who jumped, with witnesses, and with a survivor. The Joy of Life, released in 2005, is an American documentary film that recounts the chronological history of suicide at the Golden Gate Bridge. The film discusses

neg: The Joy of Life Steel had been shooting suicide leaps from the bridge during the calendar year of 2004 for his film " The Bridge", which would be released in 2006. A week later "The Joy of Life" world premiered at the Sundance Film Festival and video copies of the film were circulated to members of the Golden Gate Bridge District board of directors (with the help of the Psychiatric Foundation of Northern California. The Joy of Life The Joy of Life is a 2005 experimental landscape documentary by filmmaker Jenni Olson about the history of suicide and the Golden Gate Bridge, and the

neg: Golden Gate cool, moist air from over the Pacific Ocean. The Golden Gate forms the largest break in the hills of the California Coast Range, allowing a persistent, dense stream of fog to enter the bay there. Although there is no weather station on Golden Gate proper, the area has a mediterranean climate (Köppen "Csb") with very narrow temperature fluctuations, cool summers and mild winters. For the nearest weather station see the weatherbox of San Francisco. The Golden Gate Bridge being nearer the ocean and at elevation indicate it being cooler during summer days. Nearer the San Francisco urban core, the temperatures

neg: Al Zampa at the age of 65 in 1970, and died at the age of 95 in Tormey, California. In 1987 writer Isabelle Maynard wrote and produced a play titled "The Ace" chronicling Zampa's exploits on the Golden Gate Bridge and the formation of the Half Way to Hell Club. "The Ace" was based on Zampa's life and was advertised as an "iron worker's story of heroism, risk and recognition on the Golden Gate Bridge." It was well-received on San Francisco stages, especially during the bridge's 50th anniversary year. The Alfred Zampa Memorial Bridge is named in his honor. The new bridge

neg: Golden Gate National Parks Conservancy design. The San Francisco-based architecture firm EHDD will also work on the project. There are currently several variations on what form the final project will take, and the firm and partners are seeking community input to choose a direction. In 2012 the Presidio Trust issued a Request for Concept Proposals for transforming the site of the former Commissary (currently home to the Sports Basement) at mid-Crissy Field into a "cultural institution." The finalists in the RFP process were the Lucas Cultural Arts Museum (proposed by filmmaker George Lucas), The Bridge/Sustainability Institute (Chora Group/WRNS), and the Presidio Exchange (Golden Gate National

neg: Kirby Cove Camp occupied. It is dominated by cypress, eucalyptus and pine trees. Kirby Cove Camp Kirby Cove Camp is a campground and scenic area managed by the Golden Gate National Recreation Area (GGNRA) in the Marin Headlands, California. It is located at sea level below Conzelman Road, which leads from the north end of the Golden Gate Bridge up and along the Marin Headlands overlooking the Golden Gate strait that leads into San Francisco Bay. A road behind a locked gate leads to Kirby Cove from just beyond Battery Spencer, the first set of bunkers encountered from Highway 101 at the north

neg: Verrazzano-Narrows Bridge anchorage on the Staten Island side contains a facility for heating cinders that are used to de-ice the bridge deck during winter. At the time of opening, the Verrazzano-Narrows Bridge was the longest suspension bridge in the world; its 4,260-foot center span, between the two suspension towers, was longer than the Golden Gate Bridge's center span. Despite being only slightly longer than the Golden Gate Bridge, the Verrazzano-Narrows Bridge could carry a 75% greater load than the former could. In 1981, the Verrazzano Bridge was surpassed by the Humber Bridge in England, which has a center span of , as

neg: Golden Gate National Parks Conservancy to explore sustainability. The Festival events took place on May 27, 2012. The ongoing "Band of Bridges" project won "Travel + Leisure"'s Social Media in Travel + Tourism (SMITTY) award. This yearlong campaign connected some 2,122 participants from around the world to the 75th anniversary tribute; the "social experiment" created thousands of virtual bridges. Located in Fort Baker on the Marin side of the Golden Gate Bridge, the Institute at the Golden Gate is a program of the Golden Gate National Parks Conservancy in partnership with the NPS. It conducts research and offers lectures and community activities designed to connect

neg: Irving Morrow the Alameda-Contra Costa County Building for the 1939 Golden Gate International Exposition. Morrow and his associates also designed the rectory and guest house of the Mission San Juan Bautista. Morrow was hired in 1930 by Joseph Strauss to design the Golden Gate Bridge. Morrow collaborated with Strauss with the design, sketching his ideas in charcoal. Morrow romanticized the bridge long before he was hired to work on it, writing in 1919 that "The narrow strait is caressed by breezes from the blue bay throughout the long golden afternoon, but perhaps it is loveliest at the cool end of the day

neg: The Golden Gate (MacLean novel) ITC announced the film was one of their "contemplated productions." The film was never made. The Golden Gate (MacLean novel) The Golden Gate is a novel written by the Scottish author Alistair MacLean. It was first released in the United Kingdom by Collins in 1976 and later in the same year by Doubleday in the United States. A team of criminals led by mastermind Peter Branson kidnaps the President of the United States and his two guests from the Middle East, a prince and a king, on San Francisco's Golden Gate Bridge, in a masterfully conceived and clockwork-timed operation. Branson

neg: Suicides at the Golden Gate Bridge 2004 for his film "The Bridge", which would be released in 2006. A week later, "The Joy of Life" world-premiered at the Sundance Film Festival and video copies of the film were circulated to members of the Bridge District board of directors with the help of the Psychiatric Foundation of Northern California. In the fall of 2005 the "San Francisco Chronicle" published a seven-part series of articles, titled "Lethal Beauty", focusing on the problem of suicide and the Golden Gate Bridge and emphasizing that a solution was not just possible, but even desirable. California Highway patrolman Kevin Briggs, is credited

neg: Al Zampa Al Zampa Alfred Zampa (March 12, 1905 – April 23, 2000) was a United States bridge worker who played an integral role in the construction of numerous San Francisco Bay Area bridges during the early twentieth century. He is most notable for being one of the first people to survive falling off the Golden Gate Bridge. He is a charter member of the Half Way to Hell Club, whose members are the men who fell from the Golden Gate Bridge and were saved by the nets. Zampa was born in Selby, California. He retired from the position of Iron Worker

neg: Golden Gate Park was ruined by the 1906 earthquake and plans to replace it were not approved by park commissioners. Two bridges connect the inner island to the surrounding mainland: the Roman Bridge and the Stone (or Rustic) Bridge. The Stone Bridge is a prominent background feature in the 1915 American silent comedy short "Wished on Mabel", starring Mabel Normand and Roscoe "Fatty" Arbuckle. Spreckels Lake / model boat facility Spreckels Lake is an artificial reservoir behind a small earthen dam that lies on the north side of the Golden Gate Park between Spreckels Lake Drive and Fulton Street to the north, and

neg: Joseph Strauss (engineer) was poured. Strauss was concerned with the safety of his workers. He required that a net be installed beneath the Golden Gate Bridge during construction. This net saved a total of 19 lives. In actuality, Charles Alton Ellis was chiefly responsible for the structural design of the Golden Gate Bridge. Because of a dispute with Strauss, however, Ellis was not recognized for his work when the bridge opened in 1937. A plaque honoring Ellis is set to appear in 2012 for the first time. Joseph Strauss (engineer) Joseph Baermann Strauss (January 9, 1870 – May 16, 1938) was an American

neg: Golden Gate Bridge receive $158 million in federal transportation funds from USDOT Urban Partnership grant. As a condition of the grant, the congestion toll was to be in place by September 2009. The first results of the study, called the Mobility, Access and Pricing Study (MAPS), showed that a congestion pricing program is feasible. The different pricing scenarios considered were presented in public meetings in December 2008. In August 2008, transportation officials ended the congestion pricing program in favor of varying rates for metered parking along the route to the bridge including on Lombard Street and Van Ness Avenue. The Golden Gate Bridge

neg: FasTrak toll bridges. After a test run on the Carquinez Bridge in 1996, it had accuracy problems in dealing with the 18 different toll classifications for different kinds of trucks. After the changes were made and another test run, the Carquinez Bridge became the first California toll bridge to use FasTrak in 1997. However, bureaucratic inaction, technical difficulties, and financial mismanagement delayed the deployment of the system to the other six state-run toll bridges in the San Francisco Bay Area until October 2000. Meanwhile, the Golden Gate Bridge, run by the independent Golden Gate Bridge, Highway and Transportation District, installed their

neg: Golden Gate Bridge $5 for those paying cash. In November 2006, the Golden Gate Bridge, Highway and Transportation District recommended a corporate sponsorship program for the bridge to address its operating deficit, projected at $80 million over five years. The District promised that the proposal, which it called a "partnership program," would not include changing the name of the bridge or placing advertising on the bridge itself. In October 2007, the Board unanimously voted to discontinue the proposal and seek additional revenue through other means, most likely a toll increase. The District later increased the toll amounts in 2008 to $5 for FasTrak

neg: Tacoma Narrows Bridge (1940) meant Leon Moisseiff, the noted New York bridge engineer who served as designer and consultant engineer for the Golden Gate Bridge—petitioned the PWA and the Reconstruction Finance Corporation (RFC) to build the bridge for less. Moisseiff and Frederick Lienhard, the latter an engineer with what was then known as the Port of New York Authority, had published a paper that was probably the most important theoretical advance in the bridge engineering field of the decade. Their theory of elastic distribution extended the deflection theory that was originally devised by the Austrian engineer Josef Melan to horizontal bending under static wind

neg: Golden tiger Golden tiger A golden tiger, golden tabby tiger or strawberry tiger is a tiger with a colour variation caused by a recessive gene. The colouration is a result of captive breeding and inbreeding. Like the white tiger, it is a colour form and not a separate species. No official name has been designated for the colour. It is sometimes referred to as the strawberry tiger due to the strawberry white/blonde colouration. Their striping is much paler than other usual tigers and may fade into spots or large prominent patches. Golden tigers also tend to be larger and, due to the

neg: Golden Gate Bridge unpaid basis, eventually turning in ten volumes of hand calculations. With an eye toward self-promotion and posterity, Strauss downplayed the contributions of his collaborators who, despite receiving little recognition or compensation, are largely responsible for the final form of the bridge. He succeeded in having himself credited as the person most responsible for the design and vision of the bridge. Only much later were the contributions of the others on the design team properly appreciated. In May 2007, the Golden Gate Bridge District issued a formal report on 70 years of stewardship of the famous bridge and decided to give

neg: Architecture of San Francisco for the design elements featured in the Golden Gate today. By 1930, the Golden Gate project had gained sufficient support from the public to ensure passage of a 35 million bond to finance the construction of the bridge. Construction of the bridge started in 1933 and would last until May 27, 1937. It was the longest suspension bridge in the world, and was considered a masterful feat of architectural engineering, designed to hold 5,700 lb/ft on its roadway and 2,000 lb/ft on its walkways. Architecture of San Francisco The architecture of San Francisco is not so much known for defining

neg: Suicides at the Golden Gate Bridge bridge. Originally surviving a fall from the Golden Gate in 1988, Paul Aladdin Alarab died on March 19, 2003 when he jumped from the bridge in protest of the United States' invasion of Iraq. Alarab, whose father was born in Iraq, was a 44-year-old real estate agent from Kensington, California who climbed over a railing on the east side of the bridge, mid-span. Tying one end of a rope to the bridge and wrapping the other end of the rope around his arms, Alarab then demanded to talk to media. Law enforcement tried to talk him back over the railing

neg: The Bridge (2006 documentary film) magazine. The film crew shot almost 10,000 hours of footage, recording 23 of the known 24 suicides off the bridge in 2004. The Golden Gate Bridge, which first opened in May 1937, was the most popular suicide site in the world during the documentary's filming, with approximately 1,200 deaths by 2003. Its death toll has since been surpassed only by the Nanjing Yangtze River Bridge in China. The four-second fall from the Golden Gate Bridge sends a person plunging at to hit the waters of the San Francisco Bay "with the force of a speeding truck meeting a concrete building."