query: the ability of a telescope to see details is called

pos: Optical telescope magnification, the image looks bigger but shows no more detail. It occurs when the finest detail the instrument can resolve is magnified to match the finest detail the eye can see. Magnification beyond this maximum is sometimes called "empty magnification". To get the most detail out of a telescope, it is critical to choose the right magnification for the object being observed. Some objects appear best at low power, some at high power, and many at a moderate magnification. There are two values for magnification, a minimum and maximum. A wider field of view eyepiece may be used to keep

pos: Magnification telescope or microscope, or a lens a maximum magnification exists beyond which the image looks bigger but shows no more detail. It occurs when the finest detail the instrument can resolve is magnified to match the finest detail the eye can see. Magnification beyond this maximum is sometimes called "empty magnification". For a good quality telescope operating in good atmospheric conditions, the maximum usable magnification is limited by diffraction. In practice it is considered to be 2× the aperture in millimetres or 50× the aperture in inches; so, a 60mm diameter telescope has a maximum usable magnification of 120×. With

pos: Optical telescope the specifications of the telescope, however they alter the way the telescopes properties function, typically magnification, apparent field of view and FOV. The smallest resolvable surface area of an object, as seen through an optical telescope, is the limited physical area that can be resolved. It is analogous to angular resolution, but differs in definition: instead of separation ability between point-light sources it refers to the physical area that can be resolved. A familiar way to express the characteristic is the resolvable ability of features such as Moon craters or Sun spots. Expression using the formula is given by the

pos: Optical telescope the areas formula_31 of the two different apertures. As an example, the light-gathering power of a 10 meter telescope is 25x that of a 2 meter telescope: formula_32 For a survey of a given area, the field of view is just as important as raw light gathering power. Survey telescopes such as the Large Synoptic Survey Telescope try to maximize the product of mirror area and field of view (or etendue) rather than raw light gathering ability alone. The magnification through a telescope magnifies a viewing object while limiting the FOV. Magnification is often misleading as the optical power of

pos: Optical telescope magnification, the image looks bigger but shows no more detail. It occurs when the finest detail the instrument can resolve is magnified to match the finest detail the eye can see. Magnification beyond this maximum is sometimes called "empty magnification". To get the most detail out of a telescope, it is critical to choose the right magnification for the object being observed. Some objects appear best at low power, some at high power, and many at a moderate magnification. There are two values for magnification, a minimum and maximum. A wider field of view eyepiece may be used to keep

pos: Bioptics (device) the sharpness of the patient’s far vision. Bioptic patients look through just their carrier lens about 95% of the time. When they want magnification, the patient quickly glances through the binocular portion to see details such as street signs, traffic lights and far distant objects. The brief use of the bioptic telescope is much like the quick look all drivers make into their rear view mirror. Bioptic driving requires careful fitting of the system followed by extensive training in both the use of the bioptic and behind-the-wheel driver’s training. Determining whether a visually impaired individual may become a bioptic driver

pos: Optical telescope the object. Details such as matter, rings, spiral arms, and gases may be completely hidden from the observer, giving a far less "complete" view of the object or range. Physics dictates that at the theoretical minimum magnification of the telescope, the surface brightness is at 100%. Practically, however, various factors prevent 100% brightness; these include telescope limitations (focal length, eyepiece focal length, etc.) and the age of the observer. Age plays a role in brightness, as a contributing factor is the observer's pupil. With age the pupil naturally shrinks in diameter; generally accepted a young adult may have a 7

pos: History of the telescope tube and a concave lens in the other one. A few days afterwards, having succeeded in making a better telescope than the first, he took it to Venice where he communicated the details of his invention to the public and presented the instrument itself to the doge Leonardo Donato, who was sitting in full council. The senate in return settled him for life in his lectureship at Padua and doubled his salary. Galileo spent his time to improving the telescope, producing telescopes of increased power. His first telescope had a 3x magnification, but he soon made instruments which magnified 8x

pos: Refracting telescope Refracting telescope A refracting telescope (also called a refractor) is a type of optical telescope that uses a lens as its objective to form an image (also referred to a dioptric telescope). The refracting telescope design was originally used in spy glasses and astronomical telescopes but is also used for long focus camera lenses. Although large refracting telescopes were very popular in the second half of the 19th century, for most research purposes the refracting telescope has been superseded by the reflecting telescope which allows larger apertures. A refractor's magnification is calculated by dividing the focal length of the objective

pos: Lens (optics) divergence of a collimated beam, it does alter the width of the beam. The magnification of such a telescope is given by which is the ratio of the output beam width to the input beam width. Note the sign convention: a telescope with two convex lenses ("f" > 0, "f" > 0) produces a negative magnification, indicating an inverted image. A convex plus a concave lens ("f" > 0 > "f") produces a positive magnification and the image is upright. For further information on simple optical telescopes, see Refracting telescope § Refracting telescope designs. Cylindrical lenses have curvature in only

pos: Refracting telescope with angle β. The ratio β/α is called the angular magnification. It equals the ratio between the retinal image sizes obtained with and without the telescope. Refracting telescopes can come in many different configurations to correct for image orientation and types of aberration. Because the image was formed by the bending of light, or refraction, these telescopes are called "refracting telescopes" or "refractors". The design Galileo Galilei used in 1609 is commonly called a Galilean telescope. It used a convergent (plano-convex) objective lens and a divergent (plano-concave) eyepiece lens (Galileo, 1610). A Galilean telescope, because the design has no intermediary

neg: Angular resolution Angular resolution Angular resolution or spatial resolution describes the ability of any image-forming device such as an optical or radio telescope, a microscope, a camera, or an eye, to distinguish small details of an object, thereby making it a major determinant of image resolution. In physics and geosciences, the term "spatial resolution" refers to the precision of a measurement with respect to space. "Resolving power" is the ability of an imaging device to separate (i.e., to see as distinct) points of an object that are located at a small angular distance or it is the power of an optical instrument

neg: Angular resolution a smaller diffraction-limited spot size than that indicated by the formula above. Angular resolution Angular resolution or spatial resolution describes the ability of any image-forming device such as an optical or radio telescope, a microscope, a camera, or an eye, to distinguish small details of an object, thereby making it a major determinant of image resolution. In physics and geosciences, the term "spatial resolution" refers to the precision of a measurement with respect to space. "Resolving power" is the ability of an imaging device to separate (i.e., to see as distinct) points of an object that are located at a

neg: Astronomical interferometer is technically demanding as the light paths must be kept equal to within 1/1000 mm over distances of a few hundred metres. For the Unit Telescopes, this gives an equivalent mirror diameter of up to , and when combining the auxiliary telescopes, equivalent mirror diameters of up to can be achieved. This is up to 25 times better than the resolution of a single VLT unit telescope. The VLTI gives astronomers the ability to study celestial objects in unprecedented detail. It is possible to see details on the surfaces of stars and even to study the environment close to a

neg: European Southern Observatory four nearly identical unit telescopes (UTs), each hosting two or three instruments. These large telescopes can also work together in groups of two or three as a giant interferometer. The ESO Very Large Telescope Interferometer (VLTI) allows astronomers to see details up to 25 times finer than those seen with the individual telescopes. The light beams are combined in the VLTI with a complex system of mirrors in underground tunnels, where the light paths must diverge less than 1/1000 mm over 100 metres. The VLTI can achieve an angular resolution of milliarcseconds, equivalent to the ability to see the headlights

neg: Video astronomy broadcasting websites exist for sharing live video astronomy feeds. Video astronomy, combined with remote control of a telescope, allows anyone including disabled people to operate a telescope remotely, or observers in a light-polluted area to operate a telescope in another area, even another country. Other benefits of the highly sensitive cameras used in video astronomy are the ability to see through thin cloud, and the ability to see many faint objects in areas suffering from light pollution. The equipment used varies from webcams and basic security cameras to specialized video astronomy cameras. Recent growing interest in the video 'near-live' aspect

neg: Leonard Digges (scientist) details which led some researchers, most notably Colin Ronan, to claim that Leonard Digges invented a functioning telescope sometime between 1540 and 1559. The description seemed to suggest that Digges created a rudimentary instrument incorporating lenses and a concave mirror, in a manner rather different from a modern reflecting telescope. However, the construction of lenses to the required optical precision would have been very difficult in the 16th century, and the construction of an adequate mirror would have been much harder still. It is doubtful that Digges built a successful instrument, and the optical performance required to see the details

neg: Octant (instrument) the form familiar to modern navigators. The image to the right, also taken from his Royal Society publication, shows the details. He placed an "index mirror" on the index arm. Two "horizon mirrors" were provided. The upper mirror, in the line of the sighting telescope, was small enough to allow the telescope to see directly ahead as well as seeing the reflected view. The reflected view was that of the light from the index mirror. As in the previous instrument, the arrangement of the mirrors allowed the observer to simultaneously see an object straight ahead and to see one reflected

neg: Amateur telescope making A reflecting telescope is difficult, but still within the ability of the average amateur who has had experience building smaller instruments. Amateurs have constructed telescopes as large as across, but usually small groups or astronomy clubs take on such projects. Amateur telescope making Amateur telescope making is the activity of building telescopes as a hobby, as opposed to being a paid professional. Amateur telescope makers (sometimes called ATMs) build their instruments for personal enjoyment of a technical challenge, as a way to obtain an inexpensive or personally customized telescope, or as a research tool in the field of astronomy. Amateur

neg: Optical Telescope Element scale functioning version of the main mirror and technology, used especially to ensure the many segments can work as one. Another optics testbed is called JOST, which stands for JWST Optical Simulation Testbed. The Subscale Beryllium Model Demonstrator (SBMD) was fabricated and tested by 2001 and demonstrated enabling technologies for what was soon Christened the James Webb Space Telescope, previously the "Next Generation Space Telescope" (NGST). The SBMD was a half-meter diameter mirror made from powered beryllium. The weight of the mirror was then reduced through a mirror-making process called "light-weighting", where material is removed without disrupting its reflecting ability,

neg: Very Large Telescope controlled buildings, which rotate synchronously with the telescopes. This design minimises any adverse effects on the observing conditions, for instance from air turbulence in the telescope tube, which might otherwise occur due to variations in the temperature and wind flow. The principal role of the main VLT telescopes is to operate as four independent telescopes. The interferometry (combining light from multiple telescopes) is used about 20 percent of the time for very high-resolution on bright objects, for example, on Betelgeuse. This mode allows astronomers to see details up to 25 times finer than with the individual telescopes. The light beams

neg: Mem (computing) Art of Computer Programming, Volume 4A, p. 6). Reducing MEMS as a speed and efficiency enhancement is not a linear benefit, as it trades off increases in ordinary operations costs. This optimization technique also is called PForDelta Although lossless compression methods like Rice, Golomb and PFOR are most often associated with signal processing codecs, the ability to optimize binary integers also adds relevance in reducing MEMS tradeoffs vs. operations. (See Golomb coding for details). Clock rate, Instructions per second, CAS latency, Memoization, Clock signal, Nanosecond, Benchmarking, Computer performance Mem (computing) "For other meanings, see Mem (disambiguation)" In Computational complexity theory,

neg: Infrared astronomy in our universe (even on Saturn and Uranus). On 25 August 2003, NASA launched the Spitzer Space Telescope, previously known as the Space Infrared Telescope Facility. In 2009, the telescope ran out of liquid helium and lost the ability to see far infrared. It had discovered stars, the Double Helix Nebula, and light from extrasolar planets. It continued working in 3.6 and 4.5 micrometer bands. Since then, other infrared telescopes helped find new stars that are forming, nebulae, and stellar nurseries. Infrared telescopes have opened up a whole new part of the galaxy for us. They are also useful for

neg: Sinoatrial node the discovery in a makeshift laboratory set up in a picturesque farmhouse in Kent, England, called Mann's Place. Their discovery was published in 1907. Sinoatrial node The sinoatrial node (SA node), also known as sinus node, is a group of cells located in the wall of the right atrium of the heart. These cells have the ability to spontaneously produce an electrical impulse (action potential; see below for more details), that travels through the heart via the electrical conduction system (see figure 1) causing it to contract. In a healthy heart, the SA node continuously produces action potential, setting the

neg: Widowmaker (Overwatch) shot. She also comes equipped with her Grappling Hook ability, allowing her to readjust her position and reach heights that other characters cannot. In addition, her "Venom Mine" is a small explosive that sticks to a surface and releases toxic gas when enemies wander into its area. While the poison is active, Widowmaker can see the affected enemy through obstacles, similar to her ultimate. Finally, her ultimate ability, Infra-Sight, allows Widowmaker and her teammates to see through obstacles to locate enemies. Her ultimate ability is able to be used to counter enemy flankers. Widowmaker's fictional biography details her real name:

neg: Solar X-ray Imager providing forecasters with the ability to detect solar storms and real-time solar forecasting by the Space Weather Prediction Center (SWPC). The SXI aboard GOES 12 is a Wolter Type I (Wolter telescope) grazing incidence X-ray telescope designed to record coronal images in continuous sequence at 1-minute intervals. The Solar X-ray Imager obtains images at multiple wavelengths on the electromagnetic spectrum from 6 to 60 angstrom units (Å). The imagery obtained by the XSI and XRS on GOES 12 allowed forecasters to see space phenomena such as coronal holes, whose geomagnetic and proton storms impact electrical grid systems on Earth as

neg: Linden Observatory Complex to incorporate electric motors to operate the telescope and dome. The intact complex complete with observatory, instruments, working design drawings, machinery, jigs, documentary archive is likely to be of State heritage significance as a rich research resource with the ability to provide insight into many aspects of the field of astronomy and the history of its development in NSW.Note: There are incomplete details for a number of items listed in NSW. The Heritage Division intends to develop or upgrade statements of significance and other information for these items as resources become available. Linden Observatory Complex was listed on the New

neg: Rangapur, Manchal mandal It also helps to know the placements, formations and changes occurred in the galaxy. Telescope: It is the device which is used to see the galaxy environment. Asia’s 1st largest telescope is started on 2 May 1982 of size 90 inches is established at ‘Kawali’ in Bangalore. The 2nd largest telescope of size 48 inches is started in the year 1974 at Rangapur in Hyderabad. This Rangapur Observatory was supported by Osmania University. The Village Rangapur is also called as ‘Chukkapurpatnam’. Many scientists visits Rangapur Observatory and do research. There is an exhibition in winter to allow the visitors to

neg: Zino user profile. This collection is called "journals", and is publicly available for anyone to read. Each user is asked several personal questions while using the web application, allowing him to provide an answer or skip the question. These answers are then publicly available on the user's profile for other users to see, a feature that allows the owner to reveal numerous details about themselves. Users are provided with the ability to raise a question on their user profile, which other users can then answer. This feature is available through polls, for which the user must specify a question and the

neg: VISTA (telescope) and is by far the largest telescope in the world dedicated to surveying the sky at near-infrared wavelengths. The telescope has only one instrument: VIRCAM, the Vista InfraRed CAMera. This is a 3-tonne camera containing 16 special detectors sensitive to infrared light, with a combined total of 67 million pixels. A second-generation instrument called 4MOST, a 2400-object fibre-fed multi-object spectrograph, is under development for installation around 2020. Observing at wavelengths longer than those visible to the human eye allows VISTA to study objects that may be almost impossible to see in visible light because they are cool, obscured by dust

neg: Clyde Bruckman's Final Repose that Bruckman join them in a visit to the crime scene at the doll collector's apartment. Thanks to seemingly psychically gained information from Bruckman, her body is soon found in a nearby lake. At the police station, Mulder tests Bruckman's ability by having him handle various objects to see what they "tell" him. It becomes apparent that Bruckman's only real psychic talent is an ability to see details of people's deaths. Scully arrives with a key chain bearing the insignia of an investment company that uses astrology to make financial predictions, taken from the doll collector's body - the same

neg: United Kingdom Infrared Telescope the infrared, the UKIRT was large for an optical telescope and signaled a coming focus on this part of the spectrum that only grew in the coming decades. Other IR-dedicated telescopes include WIRO 2.3 in Wyoming, USA, the Gornergrat Infrared Telescope (TIRGO, 1.5 m) in the Swiss alps, and a 1.6 m at Mont Mégantic Observatory in Canada. Eventually, Britain produced VISTA, but it is in the southern hemisphere. Here is the UKIRT (then called Infrared Flux Collector) compared to the other largest optical telescopes circa 1978, only some of these could also see in the near infrared. United Kingdom

neg: Bicycle lighting is called a dynamo even though the device does not have a commutator. See section Dynamo systems for details. 3 volt: Often supplied by 2 AA or C/D cell batteries. 6 volt: Sometimes 4 AA batteries are used; also supplied from a bottle-shaped battery or hub dynamos, and lead-acid batteries 9 volt: Sometimes supplied by a PP3 battery 12 volt: Mostly supplied by sealed lead-acid batteries. The main advantage with this voltage is versatility of the electric system, such as the ability to charge a cell phone battery with a cigar lighter receptacle as cell phones are now becoming increasingly

neg: Ultraviolet/Optical Telescope Ultraviolet/Optical Telescope In astronomical photometry, the Ultraviolet and Optical Telescope (UVOT) on the Neil Gehrels Swift Observatory observes astronomical objects in its 17-by-17 arc minute field of view through one of several filters or grisms. The seven filters, which are similar to those on the XMM-Newton-OM (Optical Monitor) instrument, cover the near-ultraviolet and optical range. The brightness of an object observed in the three optical filters, called u, b, and v, can be converted into the more common Morgan-Johnson (see the UBV photometric system) magnitudes. The three ultraviolet filters probe a spectral region that is not observable from the ground.

neg: Optical telescope Optical telescope An optical telescope is a telescope that gathers and focuses light, mainly from the visible part of the electromagnetic spectrum, to create a magnified image for direct view, or to make a photograph, or to collect data through electronic image sensors. There are three primary types of optical telescope: A telescope's light gathering power and ability to resolve small detail is directly related to the diameter (or aperture) of its objective (the primary lens or mirror that collects and focuses the light). The larger the objective, the more light the telescope collects and the finer detail it resolves.

neg: Advanced Technology Large-Aperture Space Telescope Advanced Technology Large-Aperture Space Telescope The Advanced Technology Large-Aperture Space Telescope (ATLAST) is an 8– to 16.8–meter UV-optical-NIR space telescope proposed by the Space Telescope Science Institute (STScI), the science operations center for the Hubble Space Telescope (HST). If launched, ATLAST would be a replacement and successor for the HST, with the ability to obtain spectroscopic and imaging observations of astronomical objects in the ultraviolet, optical, and infrared wavelengths, but with substantially better resolution than either HST or the planned James Webb Space Telescope (JWST). Like JWST, ATLAST would be launched to the Sun-Earth Lagrange point. ATLAST is envisioned as

neg: Eye examination examination, followed by specific tests for visual acuity, pupil function, extraocular muscle motility, visual fields, intraocular pressure and ophthalmoscopy through a dilated pupil. A minimal eye examination consists of tests for visual acuity, pupil function, and extraocular muscle motility, as well as direct ophthalmoscopy through an undilated pupil. Visual acuity is the eye's ability to detect fine details and is the quantitative measure of the eye's ability to see an in-focus image at a certain distance. The standard definition of normal visual acuity (20/20 or 6/6 vision) is the ability to resolve a spatial pattern separated by a visual angle

neg: Large Binocular Telescope Large Binocular Telescope The Large Binocular Telescope (LBT) is an optical telescope for astronomy located on Mount Graham, in the Pinaleno Mountains of southeastern Arizona, United States. It is a part of the Mount Graham International Observatory. The LBT is currently one of the world's most advanced optical telescopes; using two 8.4 m (27 ft) wide mirrors, with centres 14.4 m apart, it has the same light-gathering ability as an 11.8 m (39 ft) wide single circular telescope and detail of a 22.8 m (75 ft) wide one. Its mirrors individually are the joint second-largest optical telescope in continental North

neg: 50000 Quaoar measured "directly" from Hubble Space Telescope (HST) images, using a new, sophisticated method (see Brown’s pages for a non-technical description and his paper for details). Given its distance Quaoar is on the limit of the HST resolution (40 milliarcseconds) and its image is consequently "smeared" on a few adjacent pixels. By comparing carefully this image with the images of stars in the background and using a sophisticated model of HST optics (point spread function (PSF)), Brown and Trujillo were able to find the best-fit disk size that would give a similar blurred image. This method was recently applied by the

neg: Orange County Astronomers officially opened in September 1984. Today there are several different areas on the site for observing pads, as well as several small observatory sites for individual members. The club holds a star party there every month, during which a certified telescope operator guides the big telescope around the sky for all to see the view from a fine instrument. Trained members called star members operate the telescope. The site also has a warming area – a mobile home that has a kitchen and bathroom, and a place to defrost in the winter, or cool off in the summer heat. Blackstar

neg: Superlens its artificially larger structure. This has resulted in novel properties, and novel responses, which allow for details of images that surpass the limitations imposed by the wavelength of light. This has led to the desire to view live biological cell interactions in a real time, natural environment, and the need for "subwavelength imaging". Subwavelength imaging can be defined as optical microscopy with the ability to see details of an object or organism below the wavelength of visible light (see discussion in the above sections). In other words, to have the capability to observe, in real time, below 200 nanometers. Optical

neg: Sankt Andreasberg Observatory are provided. Live projections from the telescopes to the lecture room enable a big audience to do observations. They assist visually impaired people by enhancing details, that are hard to see in a telescope. For people with mobility constraints, they simplify or enable access to the observation. A Children's and Youth's academy for Astronomy is planned to be established in cooperation with the Internationale Haus Sonnenberg, focusing on STEM fields and Environmental studies. The observatory also wants to acquire a jib-arm mount for telescopes to be used by smaller people and those in need of a wheelchair. The society has

neg: Mount John University Observatory Mount John University Observatory University of Canterbury Mount John Observatory (UCMJO), previously known as Mt John University Observatory (MJUO),is New Zealand's premier astronomical research observatory. It is situated at ASL atop Mount John at the northern end of the Mackenzie Basin in the South Island, and was established in 1965. There are many telescopes on site including: one 0.4-meter, two 0.6-meter, one 1.0-meter, and a new 1.8-meter "MOA Telescope" "(see details below)." The nearest population center is the resort town Lake Tekapo (pop. <500). Approximately 20% of nights at MJUO are photometric, with a larger number available for spectroscopic work

neg: Large Binocular Telescope m height, and cooled down to about -200 C by two closed cycle coolers. Partners in the LBT project Large Binocular Telescope The Large Binocular Telescope (LBT) is an optical telescope for astronomy located on Mount Graham, in the Pinaleno Mountains of southeastern Arizona, United States. It is a part of the Mount Graham International Observatory. The LBT is currently one of the world's most advanced optical telescopes; using two 8.4 m (27 ft) wide mirrors, with centres 14.4 m apart, it has the same light-gathering ability as an 11.8 m (39 ft) wide single circular telescope and detail of

neg: Pea galaxy identifying J0925+1403 as a Lyman continuum photons (LyC) 'leaker' with an escape fraction of ~8% (see section below). A follow-up study using the same Hubble Space Telescope (HST) data identifies four more LyC leakers, described as GPs. In 2014-15, two separate sources identified two other GPs to be likely LyC leaking candidates (J1219 and J0815), suggesting that these two GPs are also low-redshift analogs of high-redshift Lyman-alpha and LyC leakers. Finding local LyC leakers is crucial to theories about the early universe and reionization. More details here:Izotov et al. 2016 The image to the right shows Pea galaxy GP_J1219. This

neg: Rangapur, Manchal mandal in this village. This Osmania Observatory is famous for its 48’’ (inch dia) Telescope which is supposed to be the second biggest in the Asia and it attracts scientists and researchers in astronomy to study solar & lunar eclipses even from USA, Germany etc, abroad occasionally. Older people used to also call Rangapur as "Chukkapuripatnam" reflecting the Observatory. Social Forestry is encouraged in cooperation with neighboring village Japala and trees are encouraged and protected with peoples’ support thus greenery is developed around this Observatory. OBSERVATORY: It is the place where we can see the space with special machine called telescope.

neg: Lovell Telescope almost entirely of dark matter. In an August 1981 episode of Coronation Street the telescope was seen. Len and Rita Fairclough brought the boy they were fostering to see the telescope. Lovell Telescope The Lovell Telescope is a radio telescope at Jodrell Bank Observatory, near Goostrey, Cheshire in the north-west of England. When construction was finished in 1957, the telescope was the largest steerable dish radio telescope in the world at 76.2 m (250 ft) in diameter; it is now the third-largest, after the Green Bank telescope in West Virginia, United States, and the Effelsberg telescope in Germany. It was

neg: Geostationary Earth Radiation Budget are taken a synthetic LW result is obtained from the mean difference between the two. Such ERB results are then combined with a resolution enhancement and cloud retrievals using the Spinning Enhanced Visible and Infrared Imager (SEVIRI) also on the MSG platform. The combination of GERB and SEVIRI through data synergy also required detailed mapping of each of the 256 GERB detector/telescope Field of View response or Point Spread Function (PSF, see Matthews (2004) ). This was done using a He-Ne laser computer controlled to map each of the 256 thermopiles responses after being covered with gold blacking. Full details

neg: Limiting magnitude be visible at any given time. From relatively dark suburban areas, the limiting magnitude is frequently closer to 5 or somewhat fainter, but from very remote and clear sites, some amateur astronomers can see nearly as faint as 8th magnitude. Many basic observing references quote a limiting magnitude of 6, as this is the approximate limit of star maps which date from before the invention of the telescope. Ability in this area, which requires the use of averted vision, varies substantially from observer to observer, with both youth and experience being beneficial. Limiting magnitude is traditionally estimated by searching for

neg: Visible-light astronomy significant in many cultures, such as being the basis for many calendars. The Moon also does not require any kind of telescope or binoculars to see effectively, making it extremely convenient and common for people to observe. Meteors, often called "shooting stars" are also commonly observed. Meteor showers, such as the Perseids and Leonids, make viewing meteors much easier, as a multitude of meteors are visible in a relatively short period of time. Planets are usually observed with the aid of a telescope or binoculars. Venus is likely the easiest planet to observe without the aid of any instruments, as

neg: Ralph (New Horizons) was about 6 million kilometers (nearly 4 million miles) from the giant. Ralph will observe MU69 on the upcoming flyby, with closest approach planned for new year's day 2019. Ralph, in conjunction with the LORRI telescope, will be used to make a digital elevation map of the body. (see also (486958) 2014 MU69 ('Ultima Thule') A version of Ralph is planned for the developmental Lucy spacecraft, which is targeting several Jupiter trojans and an asteroid and for visitation in the 2020s. The developers of that spacecraft noted in particular Ralph's ability to observe visible and infrared light by splitting the

neg: Albumazar "perspicillum," a term that Tomkis Anglicized into "perspicill." (The earliest English commentators on Galileo wrote before the telescope had even acquired its name; in his 1620 masque "News from the New World Discovered in the Moon", Jonson called the instrument a "trunk," or tube.) In keeping with his satirical intent, Tomkis gives a fanciful rather than realistic portrayal of the telescope, describing it as "an engine to catch starres" and "arrest" planets in their motions. Looking through it, a man in London can allegedly see Dover. When a character looks into the perspicill, he is amazed to view a richly-dressed

neg: Sapphire & Steel Copper "again". Among Sapphire's abilities is the power to manipulate time in small ways as well as determine the age or historical details of an object by touching it (psychometry). This latter ability is referred in Adventure 2 as "spot analysis". Her most prominent ability is to "take back time," literally rewinding it in a localised area to see or replay the past. She states in Adventure 1 that she cannot take time back twenty-four hours; in the last episode of the same adventure, at Steel's request she takes time back "half a day". In Adventure 2, she is able

neg: Astrophotography camera couplers, off axis guiders, guide scopes, illuminated cross-hairs, or auto-guiders mounted on primary telescope or the guide-scope.) There are several different ways cameras (with removable lenses) are attached to amateur astronomical telescopes including: When the camera lens is not removed (or cannot be removed) a common method used is afocal photography, also called "afocal projection". In this method both the camera lens and the telescope eyepiece are attached. When both are focused at infinity the light path between them is parallel (afocal), allowing the camera to basically photograph anything the observer can see. This method works well for capturing

neg: Optical telescope in telescopes with low f-ratio than in telescopes with larger f-ratio. The light-gathering power of an optical telescope, also referred to as light grasp or aperture gain, is the ability of a telescope to collect a lot more light than the human eye. Its light-gathering power is probably its most important feature. The telescope acts as a "light bucket", collecting all of the photons that come down on it from a far away object, where a larger bucket catches more photons resulting in more received light in a given time period, effectively brightening the image. This is why the pupils

neg: William Parsons, 3rd Earl of Rosse of Trinity College, Dublin (1862–1867). During the 1840s, he had the Leviathan of Parsonstown built, a 72-inch (6 feet/1.83 m) telescope at Birr Castle, Parsonstown, County Offaly. The telescope replaced a telescope that he had built previously. He had to invent many of the techniques he used for constructing the Leviathan, both because its size was without precedent and because earlier telescope builders had guarded their secrets or had simply failed to publish their methods. Details of the metal, casting, grinding and polishing of the 3-ton 'speculum' were presented in 1844 at the Belfast Natural History Society. Rosse's telescope was

neg: Lynx X-ray Observatory Lynx X-ray Observatory The Lynx X-ray Observatory is a concept study for the next X-ray space telescope mission. Still a preliminary concept in formulation, it will be presented to the United States Decadal Survey in 2019 for a possible selection to NASA's Large Strategic Science Missions. If funded and developed, "Lynx" will be able to detect and characterize extremely faint objects and study physical processes in a very wide range of astrophysical settings. The name lynx was chosen because the animal is "a symbol of great insight with the ability to see through solid objects to reveal the true nature

neg: Billy Pierce that, too. Even today Pierce will pitch a whole ball game and almost never throw anything but fast balls. But only on certain days." Yankees star Joe DiMaggio was among those praising Pierce's ability, reportedly remarking, "That little so-and-so is a marvel. So little – and all that speed. And I mean speed! He got me out of there on a fastball in the ninth that I'd have needed a telescope to see." Richards became Chicago's manager in 1951, and worked with Pierce to develop his two new pitches and slow down his pace, as well as significantly improve his

neg: Louth County Council elections, the county is divided into four Local Electoral Area's (LEA): Ardee (6 seats), Drogheda (10 seats), Dundalk-Carlingford (6 seats) and Dundalk South (7 seats). This list reflects the order in which councillors were elected on 23 May 2014. Replaced during term, see table below for details. Changed party, see table below for details. Each council has a chief executive, previous to 2014 known as city or county manager, who is the manager of the local authority. Every year, each local authority elects a chair called the Cathaoirleach for a term of one year and a deputy chair called the

neg: Australian Astronomical Observatory were involved in the development and construction of the Parkes radio telescope. The Anglo-Australian Telescope Agreement was signed on 25 September 1969 and came into effect on 22 February 1971. The Joint Policy Committee was replaced by the Anglo-Australian Telescope Board (AATB), an entity with full legal status under Australian law with responsibilities of overseeing the running of the telescope. As construction of the AAT gathered pace, a heated debate ensued as to the details of the management structure which would control the telescope. Then Director of Mount Stromlo and Siding Spring Observatories, Olin Eggen and then Vice-Chancellor of the

neg: Mary Ward (scientist) Mary Rosse, Ward's sketches were used to aid in the restoration of the telescope. Ward also drew insects, and the astronomer James South observed her doing so one day. She was using a magnifying glass to see the tiny details, and her drawing so impressed him that he immediately persuaded her father to buy her a microscope. This was the beginning of a lifelong passion. She began to read everything she could find about microscopy, and taught herself until she had an expert knowledge. She made her own slides from slivers of ivory, as glass was difficult to obtain, and

neg: Robotic telescope development started in 1999, with first test runs on real telescope hardware in early 2000. RTS2 was primary intended for Gamma ray burst follow-up observations, so ability to interrupt observation was core part of its design. During development, it became an integrated observatory management suite. Other additions included use of the Postgresql database for storing targets and observation logs, ability to perform image processing including astrometry and performance of the real-time telescope corrections and a web-based user interface. RTS2 was from the beginning designed as a completely open source system, without any proprietary components. In order to support growing list

neg: Thomas Harriot New Found Land of Virginia". On July 26 2009, Harriot was recognized as the first person to draw his observations of the moon by the use of his own telescope. The descriptions recorded by Harriot contained easily identifiable errors such as the discrepancy regarding which parts of the moon were supposed to be dark and light. The descriptions of the moon were modified by the more detailed works of Galileo. Harriot also fails to mention or incorporate a description of the moon that details what one would see during a lunar eclipse. Critics such as Terrie Bloom, accused Harriot of

neg: Thomas Harriot continued his observations of the moon until 1612. Thomas Harriot is recognized as the first person to observe sunspots in 1610 with the use of a telescope. Harriot observed the sunspot with the use of a telescope in a direct and hazardous way. Even though Harriot observed the sun directly through his telescope, there was no recorded injuries to his eyes. Harriot’s depiction of the sunspots were documented in 199 drawings that provided details about the solar rotation and its acceleration. Like many of Harriot's other notes, depictions of the sunspots were not published. Similar to the early observation of

neg: Large Zenith Telescope with liquid mercury. Such a mirror can be made much larger than a conventional mirror, greatly increasing light collecting ability. The LZT is used for "transit imaging", meaning that earth's rotation moves stars along the sensor, and the latent image in the sensor is moved electronically in step with this movement and read out at the trailing edge. The telescope made use of parts from the three-meter diameter NASA Orbital Debris Observatory telescope, which had been using a liquid mercury mirror for several years. The Large Zenith Telescope is now decommissioned, and all the liquid mercury is now stored for

neg: Quantum vacuum thruster notable physicists, such as Sean Carroll, see the idea of a dynamical vacuum energy as the simplest and best explanation for dark energy. Evidence for quintessence would come from violations of Einstein's equivalence principle and variation of the fundamental constants ideas which are due to be tested by the Euclid telescope which is set to launch in 2020. Systems utilizing Casimir effects have thus far been shown to only create very small forces and are generally considered one-shot devices that would require a subsequent energy to recharge them (i.e. Forward's "vacuum fluctuation battery"). The ability of systems to use the

neg: Hale Telescope the Otto Struve Telescope at the McDonald Observatory. Hale Telescope The Hale telescope is a , 3.3 reflecting telescope at the Palomar Observatory in California, US, named after astronomer George Ellery Hale. With funding from the Rockefeller Foundation in 1928, he orchestrated the planning, design, and construction of the observatory, but with the project ending up taking 20 years he did not live to see its commissioning. The Hale was groundbreaking for its time, with double the diameter of the next largest telescope, and pioneered many new technologies in telescope mount design and in the design and fabrication of its

neg: History of the telescope unsuitable for military purposes. The optical performance required to see the details of coins lying about in fields, or private activities seven miles away, seems to be far beyond the technology of the time and it could be the "perspective glass" being described was a far simpler idea, originating with Bacon, of using a single lens held in front of the eye to magnify a distant view. A 1959 research paper by Simon de Guilleuma claimed that evidence he had uncovered pointed to the French born spectacle maker Juan Roget (died before 1624) as another possible builder of an early

neg: Optical microscope fuzzy discs surrounded by diffraction rings. These are called Airy disks. The "resolving power" of a microscope is taken as the ability to distinguish between two closely spaced Airy disks (or, in other words the ability of the microscope to reveal adjacent structural detail as distinct and separate). It is these impacts of diffraction that limit the ability to resolve fine details. The extent and magnitude of the diffraction patterns are affected by both the wavelength of light (λ), the refractive materials used to manufacture the objective lens and the numerical aperture (NA) of the objective lens. There is therefore

neg: Sinoatrial node Sinoatrial node The sinoatrial node (SA node), also known as sinus node, is a group of cells located in the wall of the right atrium of the heart. These cells have the ability to spontaneously produce an electrical impulse (action potential; see below for more details), that travels through the heart via the electrical conduction system (see figure 1) causing it to contract. In a healthy heart, the SA node continuously produces action potential, setting the rhythm of the heart and so is known as the heart's natural pacemaker. The rate of action potential production (and therefore the heart rate)

neg: False color blue spectral band being unused) – this yields the typical "vegetation in red" false-color images. False color is used (among others) for satellite and space images: Examples are remote sensing satellites (e.g. Landsat, see example above), space telescopes (e.g. the Hubble Space Telescope) or space probes (e.g. Cassini-Huygens). Some spacecraft, with rovers (e.g. the Mars Science Laboratory "Curiosity") being the most prominent examples, have the ability to capture approximate true-color images as well. Weather satellites produce, in contrast to the spacecrafts mentioned previously, grayscale images from the visible or infrared spectrum. A pseudocolor image (sometimes styled pseudo-color or pseudo color)

neg: Tracking and Data Relay Satellite System capable of immediate usage as primaries. The original TDRSS design had two primary satellites, designated TDE, for "east", and TDW, for "west" and one on-orbit spare. The surge in user requirements during the 1980s allowed NASA to expand the network with the addition of more satellites, with some being co-located in a particularly busy orbital slot. See Tracking and Data Relay Satellite for more details on the satellites. The user segment of TDRSS includes many of NASA's most prominent programs. Programs such as the Hubble Space Telescope and LANDSAT relay their observations to their respective mission control centers through TDRSS.

neg: Goldstone-Apple Valley Radio Telescope plan the experiment, assign job responsibilities, collect and analyze the data obtained from the telescope. The radio telescope can be seen to move in real time via a projector. Students collaborate with mission control and take control of the telescope, they can see it move into position real time. Walker, A. (2009,August 31) https://www.nasa.gov/directorates/heo/scan/communications/outreach/students/Accordion1_text.html Goldstone-Apple Valley Radio Telescope The GAVRT Program is a partnership between NASA’s Jet Propulsion Laboratory (JPL) and the Lewis Center for Educational Research (LCER). GAVRT is an acronym for the Goldstone-Apple Valley Radio Telescope and provides a science investigation program for students K through 12. Students

neg: Dark Energy Survey order statistics such as the three-point function or the bispectrum, which combine measurements of the CMBR anisotropy and galaxy distribution will be able to break degeneracies between geometry, growth of structure and spatial curvature. The ability of DES to observe cosmic shear is limited by the systematics of the telescope, the number of galaxies observed, and the intrinsic correlation between ellipse directions of galaxies. The primary systematics of the telescope are described by the point spread function of the telescope. Distortions in the point spread function caused by the mirror, optics, or geometry of the various telescope components will act

neg: Hale Telescope Hale Telescope The Hale telescope is a , 3.3 reflecting telescope at the Palomar Observatory in California, US, named after astronomer George Ellery Hale. With funding from the Rockefeller Foundation in 1928, he orchestrated the planning, design, and construction of the observatory, but with the project ending up taking 20 years he did not live to see its commissioning. The Hale was groundbreaking for its time, with double the diameter of the next largest telescope, and pioneered many new technologies in telescope mount design and in the design and fabrication of its large aluminum coated "honeycomb" low thermal expansion Pyrex

neg: Mars by Italian astronomer Galileo Galilei, who was first to see it via telescope. The first person to draw a map of Mars that displayed any terrain features was the Dutch astronomer Christiaan Huygens. By the 19th century, the resolution of telescopes reached a level sufficient for surface features to be identified. A perihelic opposition of Mars occurred on September 5, 1877. In that year, the Italian astronomer Giovanni Schiaparelli used a telescope in Milan to help produce the first detailed map of Mars. These maps notably contained features he called "canali", which were later shown to be an optical illusion.

neg: Timeline of golf (2000–present) Leonard loses his third-round lead. "For fuller coverage see 2005 in golf." Major championships Women's majors Money list/order of merit winners "For brief details see 2006 in sports#Golf and for fuller details see 2006 in golf." "For brief details see 2007 in sports#Golf and for fuller details see 2007 in golf." "For brief details see 2008 in sports#Golf and for fuller details see 2008 in golf." "For brief details see 2009 in sports#Golf and for fuller details see 2009 in golf." Timeline of golf (2000–present) The following is a partial timeline of the history of golf. Tiger Woods recorded the

neg: Uglies had forgotten the details. In the dedication page for Uglies, Westerfeld says: “This novel was shaped by a series of e-mail exchanges between myself and Ted Chiang about his story “Liking What You See: A Documentary.” His input on the manuscript was also invaluable.” In another interview, Westerfeld says that this documentary is about a new technology that enables an individual to turn off their ability to see beauty so they can focus on the deeper and more important parts of another individual. In a 2012 interview on Bookyurt, Westerfeld explained that his point in writing the book was not

neg: Large Synoptic Survey Telescope of February 2018, construction is well underway. The shell of the summit building is complete, and 2018 will see the installation of major equipment, including HVAC, the dome, mirror coating chamber, and the telescope mount assembly. It will also see the expansion of the AURA base facility in La Serena and the summit dormitory shared with other telescopes on the mountain. By February 2018, the camera and telescope shared the critical path. The main risk was deemed to be whether sufficient time was allotted for system integration. The project remains within budget, although the budget contingency is tight. The primary

neg: Astronomical interferometer galaxies. For details of individual instruments, see the list of astronomical interferometers at visible and infrared wavelengths. At radio wavelengths, interferometers such as the Very Large Array and MERLIN have been in operation for many years. The distances between telescopes are typically , although arrays with much longer baselines utilize the techniques of Very Long Baseline Interferometry. In the (sub)-millimetre, existing arrays include the Submillimeter Array and the IRAM Plateau de Bure facility. The Atacama Large Millimeter Array has been fully operational since March 2013. Max Tegmark and Matias Zaldarriaga have proposed the Fast Fourier Transform Telescope which would rely

neg: Discovery Channel Telescope augment Lowell Observatory’s observational capability and enable pioneering studies in a number of important research areas. Final construction of the telescope was completed by February 2012 and first light images were taken in April 2012. The DCT is designed to support a variety of optical configurations. The phase one configuration will be ideal for high-resolution imaging and spectroscopy both at visible and the near-infrared wavelengths. The telescope is designed to allow a very large, 2.0-degree field of view in its prime focus implementation – a possible future upgrade. Accordingly, the DCT will feature exceptional ability to perform deep imaging surveys

neg: Faulkes Telescope Project resources include astronomy video tutorials, online astronomy training, paper-based documents for use in the classroom, and pre-packaged data from the telescopes to use with the exercises detailed online. The robotic telescopes used by the Faulkes Telescope Project are owned and operated by Las Cumbres Observatory Global Telescope Network (LCOGTN). Users must register for an account via FTP and, providing they meet the criteria for an account (as explained on the FTP website), the account details will be emailed out to the registered user. Students and teachers can then go online and book time on the telescope and run their own

neg: Welcome to Tranquility attraction-based power, given the theme of her Maxi persona. Suzy was apparently given her powers in a super-soldier project headed by the O.S.U. This also created her arch rival: Rosario Munez, also known as "Hellkitten". Dr. Rachel Steel - Rachel Steel is the town doctor, and a Maxi. Her powers seem linked to perception, giving her the ability to see through objects and to enhance her eyesight to see small details. These powers are precise enough to allow her to perform a complete murder autopsy without making a single incision, or even touching the body. Use of this power causes

neg: Equatorial mount Equatorial mount An equatorial mount is a mount for instruments that compensates for Earth's rotation by having one rotational axis parallel to the Earth's axis of rotation. This type of mount is used for astronomical telescopes and cameras. The advantage of an equatorial mount lies in its ability to allow the instrument attached to it to stay fixed on any celestial object with diurnal motion by driving one axis at a constant speed. Such an arrangement is called a sidereal or clock drive. In astronomical telescope mounts, the equatorial axis (the "right ascension") is paired with a second perpendicular axis

neg: Robotic telescope comet orbits and gravitational microlensing observations. All early phase Gamma ray burst observations were carried by robotic telescopes. See below for further information on these professional robotic telescopes: Robotic telescope A robotic telescope is an astronomical telescope and detector system that makes observations without the intervention of a human. In astronomical disciplines, a telescope qualifies as robotic if it makes those observations without being operated by a human, even if a human has to initiate the observations at the beginning of the night, or end them in the morning. It may have software agent(s) using Artificial Intelligence that assist in

neg: Interval (music) interval is an interval spanning at most one octave (see Main intervals above). Intervals spanning more than one octave are called compound intervals, as they can be obtained by adding one or more octaves to a simple interval (see below for details). Linear (melodic) intervals may be described as "steps" or "skips". A "step", or "conjunct motion", is a linear interval between two consecutive notes of a scale. Any larger interval is called a "skip" (also called a "leap"), or "disjunct motion". In the diatonic scale, a step is either a minor second (sometimes also called "half step") or major

neg: Vainu Bappu Observatory the 2.3-metre (93-inch) aperture telescope, designed and built within the country. Bappu died in 1982 and would not see the completion of this telescope.</nowiki> <nowiki>In a befitting tribute, the then Prime Minister Shri Rajiv Gandhi, at a function held at Kavalur on 6 January 1986, named the observatory as Vainu Bappu Observatory and the 2.3 metre telescope as Vainu Bappu Telescope.</nowiki> <nowiki>The telescope is so powerful that it can easily resolve a 25 paise coin kept forty kilometres away. Deep sky observations are carried out with this telescope using a variety of focal plane instruments. The equatorially mounted horse-shoe-yoke structure

neg: Optical telescope seeing, or blur caused by the atmosphere, sets the resolution limit. But in space, or if adaptive optics are used, then reaching the diffraction limit is sometimes possible. At this point, if greater resolution is needed at that wavelength, a wider mirror has to be built or aperture synthesis performed using an array of nearby telescopes. In recent years, a number of technologies to overcome the distortions caused by atmosphere on ground-based telescopes have been developed, with good results. See adaptive optics, speckle imaging and optical interferometry. Optical telescope An optical telescope is a telescope that gathers and focuses light,

neg: James Webb Space Telescope roughly estimated to cost $500 million. In 1997, NASA worked with the Goddard Space Flight Center, Ball Aerospace, and TRW to conduct technical requirement and cost studies, and in 1999 selected Lockheed Martin and TRW for preliminary concept studies. Launch was at that time planned for 2007, but the launch date has subsequently been pushed back many times (see table further down). In 2002, NASA awarded the $824.8 million prime contract for the NGST, now renamed the James Webb Space Telescope, to TRW. The design called for a descoped primary mirror and a launch date of 2010. Later that year,

neg: Reflecting telescope to be collected from any focal plane; for example, the HARPS spectrograph utilises the Cassegrain focus of the ESO 3.6 m Telescope, whilst the Prime Focus Spectrograph is connected to the prime focus of the Subaru telescope. Reflecting telescope A reflecting telescope (also called a reflector) is a telescope that uses a single or a combination of curved mirrors that reflect light and form an image. The reflecting telescope was invented in the 17th century, by Isaac Newton, as an alternative to the refracting telescope which, at that time, was a design that suffered from severe chromatic aberration. Although reflecting

neg: Mirage the ability to resolve objects, the effect being increased when the image is magnified through a telescope or telephoto lens. Light from the sky at a shallow angle to the road is refracted by the index gradient, making it appear as if the sky is reflected by the road's surface. The mind interprets this as a pool of water on the road, since water also reflects the sky. The illusion fades as one gets closer. On tarmac roads it may look as if water, or even oil, has been spilled. These kinds of inferior mirages are often called "desert mirages"

neg: Kepler (spacecraft) of the other detection methods, it can be confirmed by determining if the possibility of a "Kepler" candidate being a real planet is significantly larger than any false-positive scenarios combined. One of the first methods was to see if other telescopes can see the transit as well. The first planet confirmed through this method was Kepler-22b which was also observed with a Spitzer space telescope in addition to analyzing any other false-positive possibilities. Such confirmation is costly, as small planets can generally be detected only with space telescopes. In 2014, a new confirmation method called "validation by multiplicity" was announced.

neg: Mercator Telescope Southern Sky extrasolar Planet search Programme which has discovered numerous extrasolar planets. For other large telescopes of the period see List of largest optical telescopes in the 20th century. The Hermes spectrograph was used to monitor the Star Delta Cephei in the 2010s. The data seemed to suggest a previously unknown stellar companion. Mercator Telescope The Mercator Telescope is a 1.2m telescope at the Observatorio del Roque de Los Muchachos on La Palma. It is operated by the Katholieke Universiteit Leuven (Leuven University), Belgium, in collaboration with the Observatory of the University of Geneva and named after Gerard Mercator, famous

neg: Telescope Peak readily apparent. The Shorty's Well to Telescope Peak route can be completed in one day by experienced hikers, and has one of the largest elevation gains that can be obtained up a single summit; it can be descended either via Mahogany Flat or as a round-trip back to Shorty's Well. Telescope Peak Telescope Peak is the highest point within Death Valley National Park, in the U.S. state of California. It is also the highest point of the Panamint Range, and lies in Inyo County. From atop this desert mountain one can see for over one hundred miles in many directions,

neg: Linden Observatory Complex is also marked by his input to munitions production during WWII where his skills at manufacturing optical components was sought after by the government faced with a dearth of ability in that area. The 24 inch reflector telescope made by Ken Beames and housed in the original observatory was the largest and most technologically advanced telescope in NSW from the late 1930s when it was completed up until the mid 1960s when the 24 inch and 40 inch telescopes were constructed and installed at Siding Spring Observatory. This telescope with its observatory dome was one of the first in Australia

neg: QUIET As of March 2011, the QUIET team described the status Observations were made from October 2008 through May 2009 using a 19-element 40 GHz instrument coupled to a 1.4 meter telescope located at the Llano de Chajnantor Observatory in Chile. Observations with a 91-element 90 GHz instrument on the same telescope finished in December 2010. The QUIET instrument has been dismantled from the old CBI mount. QUIET QUIET is an astronomy experiment to study the polarization of the cosmic microwave background radiation. QUIET stands for Q/U Imaging ExperimenT. The Q/U in the name refers to the ability of the telescope

neg: InterPlanetary Network be missed, or detected at low resolution only. The use of non-directional deep space probes, such as MESSENGER and BepiColombo, will continue. In 2007 AGILE was launched and in 2008 the Fermi Gamma-ray Space Telescope and although these are Earth orbiters, their instruments provide directional discrimination. The Fermi Space Telescope uses both wide-area burst detectors and a narrow-angle telescope, and has a limited ability to spin itself to place a GRB within the telescope field. MESSENGER's Gamma Ray Neutron Spectrometer was able to add data to the IPN, before the end of MESSENGER's mission in 2015. Due to falling power

neg: Holcomb Observatory and Planetarium in the early 1980s. The telescope itself was first refurbished over several years beginning in 1995 by AB Engineering of Fort Wayne, Indiana at a cost of approximately $120,000. Since then two major upgrades to the observatory have taken place. First, in 2015, the telescope underwent a $425,000 upgrade by Astronomical Consultants and Equipment to greatly improve its optics, operation, and research ability. This upgrade changed the optics of the telescope from an F16 to an F6.3. This change in focal ratio in combination with a new FLI CCD camera increased the effective imaging area of the telescope by a

neg: Telescope Peak Telescope Peak Telescope Peak is the highest point within Death Valley National Park, in the U.S. state of California. It is also the highest point of the Panamint Range, and lies in Inyo County. From atop this desert mountain one can see for over one hundred miles in many directions, including west to Mount Whitney, and east to Charleston Peak. The mountain was named for the great distance visible from the summit. Telescope Peak is also notable for having one of the greatest vertical rises above local terrain of any mountain in the contiguous United States. Its summit rises above

neg: Fast Fourier Transform Telescope later became known as astronomical interferometry. See History of astronomical interferometry. In a 2008 paper, Tegmark and Zaldarriaga proposed a telescope design that dispenses altogether with the lenses and mirrors, relying instead on computers fast enough to perform all the necessary transforms. The concept is an all-digital telescope with an antenna consisting of a rectangular grid. Building radio telescopes this way should become feasible within a few years if Moore's law continues to hold. Eventually optical telescopes could also be built this way. This technique is already being used in radar applications. This paper refers to an earlier telescope design

neg: Paraboloid a moving parabola directed by a second parabola. With an elliptic paraboloid is a "paraboloid of revolution": a surface obtained by revolving a parabola around its axis. It is the shape of the parabolic reflectors used in mirrors, antenna dishes, and the like; and is also the shape of the surface of a rotating liquid, a principle used in liquid mirror telescopes and in making solid telescope mirrors (see rotating furnace). This shape is also called a "circular paraboloid". There is a point called the "focus" (or "focal point") on the axis of a circular paraboloid such that, if the