query: during world war ii the united states was forced to fight a two-front war in

pos: Two-front war the east. The Germans were unable to repel either of the advances on the two fronts and eventually lost the war. While there were other contributing factors, such as the insufficiency of the Wehrmacht for a long war and the abandonment of blitzkrieg tactics because of fuel shortages and a rising need to defend territory, the two-front war was an important factor in deciding when the German military would be forced to surrender. The Allies, especially the United States, also fought a two-front war, splitting their forces between the European theatre against Nazi Germany and the Pacific War against the

neg: Military history of the United States during World War II With the Soviets unstoppable in the east, and the Allies unstoppable in the west, Germany was squeezed to death. Berlin fell to the Soviets in May 1945, and with Adolf Hitler dead, the Germans surrendered. The military effort was strongly supported by civilians on the home front, who provided the military personnel, the munitions, the money, and the morale to fight the war to victory. World War II cost the United States an estimated $341 billion in 1945 dollars – equivalent to 74% of America's GDP and expenditures during the war. In 2015 dollars, the war cost over $4.5 trillion.

neg: United States home front during World War II the most extensive and well-organized drives; it was mobilized by the "Omaha World Herald" newspaper. Although the Axis powers never launched a full-scale invasion on the U.S. mainland, there were attacks and acts of sabotage on U.S. soil. United States home front during World War II The home front of the United States in World War II supported the war effort in many ways, including a wide range of volunteer efforts and submitting to government-managed rationing and price controls. There was a general feeling of agreement that the sacrifices were for the national good "for the duration [of the war]."

neg: United States home front during World War II United States home front during World War II The home front of the United States in World War II supported the war effort in many ways, including a wide range of volunteer efforts and submitting to government-managed rationing and price controls. There was a general feeling of agreement that the sacrifices were for the national good "for the duration [of the war]." The labor market changed radically. Peacetime conflicts with respect to race and labor took on a special dimension because of the pressure for national unity. The Hollywood film industry was important for propaganda. Every aspect of life from

neg: Americans Will Always Fight for Liberty Americans Will Always Fight for Liberty Americans will always fight for liberty is the title of a poster frequently displayed throughout the United States during World War II. The poster depicts three American soldiers from 1943 marching in front of members of the Continental Army from 1778. The poster was created in 1943, near the height of the advance of the Axis Powers into Europe, Asia and Africa. The poster was produced by the United States Office of War Information to foster patriotism and support for the war effort by depicting American soldiers as freedom fighters. The poster equates the

neg: The Greatest Generation The Greatest Generation The Greatest Generation is a book by journalist Tom Brokaw that profiles those who grew up in the United States during the deprivation of the Great Depression, and then went on to fight in World War II, as well as those whose productivity within the war's home front made a decisive material contribution to the war effort. The book popularized the term "Greatest Generation", which some use to describe the G.I. Generation in the United States. Brokaw profiles those who came of age during World War II in the US, stemming from his attendance at the D-Day

neg: Rosie the Riveter/World War II Home Front National Historical Park Rosie the Riveter/World War II Home Front National Historical Park Rosie the Riveter/World War II Home Front National Historical Park is a United States national historical park located in Richmond, California, near San Francisco. The park preserves and interprets the legacy of the United States home front during World War II, including the Kaiser Richmond Shipyards, the Victory ship SS "Red Oak Victory", a tank factory, housing developments and other facilities built to support America's entry into World War II. In particular, the role of women and in war industries is explored and honored. The park is a "partnership park",

neg: II Corps (United States) II Corps (United States) The II Corps was a corps-sized formation of the United States Army that was active in both World War I and World War II. It was originally formed and fought on the Western Front during World War I and was also the first American formation of any size to see combat in North Africa or Europe during World War II. II Corps was organized on 24 February 1918. It first saw significant action in Europe in August 1918, in the Hundred Days Offensive, as part of the British Third Army. Advances made during a secondary assault

neg: Americans Will Always Fight for Liberty States is committed to continue fighting against the Axis Powers, as it did the British in the U.S. Revolutionary War. The poster was analyzed by members of the National World War II Museum. They argued that the poster demonstrated transfer propaganda, or an attempt to transfer the belief that Americans fought for liberty during the Revolutionary War to the then-ongoing Second World War. Americans Will Always Fight for Liberty Americans will always fight for liberty is the title of a poster frequently displayed throughout the United States during World War II. The poster depicts three American soldiers from 1943 marching

neg: Cooper A-2 jacket Cooper A-2 jacket The Cooper A-2 (flight jacket or flying jacket) is a leather jacket, made by Cooper Sportswear, worn by United States Army Air Forces and United States Air Force pilots, during World War II. It was replaced after World War Two by nylon versions of the jacket, though it continued to be worn operationally during the Korean War by World War II veterans called back into service. It was re-introduced by the military just prior to Operation Desert Shield, with a modification to allow for modern insignia on the front of the jacket, and has been in service

neg: Timeline of the United Kingdom home front during World War II Timeline of the United Kingdom home front during World War II This is a Timeline of the United Kingdom home front during World War II covering Britain 1939–45. For a brief narrative see United Kingdom home front during World War II, as well as History of Scotland#Second World War 1939-45 and History of Northern Ireland#Second World War. For the military story see Military history of the United Kingdom during World War II for foreign affairs, Diplomatic history of World War II. For the government see Timeline of the first premiership of Winston Churchill. For a narrative history and bibliography of

neg: Cooper A-2 jacket of a new-build A-2 from a current manufacturer. Cooper A-2 jacket The Cooper A-2 (flight jacket or flying jacket) is a leather jacket, made by Cooper Sportswear, worn by United States Army Air Forces and United States Air Force pilots, during World War II. It was replaced after World War Two by nylon versions of the jacket, though it continued to be worn operationally during the Korean War by World War II veterans called back into service. It was re-introduced by the military just prior to Operation Desert Shield, with a modification to allow for modern insignia on the front

neg: Rosie the Riveter/World War II Home Front National Historical Park shipworker's bootprints with plaques set in the sidewalks and long low seating walls point visitors to the other Bay Area shipyards. The following inscriptions are engraved into the concrete walls: All of the following are filed under Richmond, Contra Costa County, CA: Rosie the Riveter/World War II Home Front National Historical Park Rosie the Riveter/World War II Home Front National Historical Park is a United States national historical park located in Richmond, California, near San Francisco. The park preserves and interprets the legacy of the United States home front during World War II, including the Kaiser Richmond Shipyards, the Victory

neg: United Kingdom home front during World War II United Kingdom home front during World War II The United Kingdom home front during World War II covers the political, social and economic history 1939-45. See also Timeline of the United Kingdom home front during World War II, Military history of the United Kingdom during World War II and Diplomatic history of World War II. The common experience of suffering wartime hardships placed on the political agenda a new consensus regarding the need for a post-war welfare state: universal social security, a free national health service, improved secondary education, expanded housing, and family allowances. The success of the wartime government

neg: Criticism of United States foreign policy surprise attack and, as a result, the U.S. had to fight a two-front war in both the Far East as well as Europe during World War II. While it may be the case that the Mideast is a difficult region with no easy solutions to avoiding conflict, since this volatile region is at the junction of three continents; still, many analysts think U.S. policy could have been improved substantially. The U.S. waffled; there was no vision; presidents kept changing policy. Public opinion in different regions of the world thinks that, to some extent, the 9/11 attacks were an outgrowth of

neg: Greece–United States relations part to help liberate and establish Greece as a separate country from the Ottoman Empire. The U.S. was active in providing humanitarian aid to Greece after the devastation it suffered in World War I. During World War II, the US opposed the British plan to restore King George II of Greece to the throne because he was closely associated with fascism. Instead the U.S. helped to establish a regency, while they did not oppose British efforts to defeat the communist insurgents. The British took a leading role in helping the Greek government fight the insurgency. When its financial crisis forced

neg: United States Army Pigeon Service climatic conditions which were encountered in the Central Pacific Area, and open-front lofts were constructed. Emphasis was placed on having lofts which were exposed to sunlight, dry, and draft-free, and on keeping the lofts in a good sanitation. United States Army Pigeon Service The United States Army Pigeon Service ( Signal Pigeon Corps) was a unit of the United States Army during World War I and World War II. Their assignment was the training and usage of homing pigeons for communication and reconnaissance purposes. During World War II, the force consisted of 3,150 soldiers and 54,000 war pigeons, which were

neg: Naval history of World War II Naval history of World War II In the beginning of World War II the Royal Navy was still the strongest navy in the world, with the largest number of warships built and with naval bases across the globe. Totalling over 15 battleships and battlecruisers, 7 aircraft carriers, 66 cruisers, 164 destroyers and 66 submarines. In the course of the war the United States Navy grew tremendously as the United States was faced with a two-front war on the seas. By the end of World War II the U.S Navy was larger than any other navy in the world. The United

neg: Aftermath of World War II until 1989. Events during World War II in the colony of French Indochina (consisting of the modern-day states of Vietnam, Laos and Cambodia) set the stage for the First Indochina War which in turn led to the Vietnam War. During World War II, the Vichy French aligned colonial authorities cooperated with the Japanese invaders. The communist-controlled common front Viet Minh (supported by the Allies) was formed among the Vietnamese in the colony in 1941 to fight for the independence of Vietnam, against both the Japanese and prewar French powers. After the Vietnamese Famine of 1945 support for the Viet Minh

neg: Bombing of Mainz in World War II Wehrmacht and Volkssturm units withdrew across the Rhine and the city surrendered without a fight to the Third US Army under General George S. Patton. Mainz remained under American administration until July 1945, after which the city was placed under French administration. Bombing of Mainz in World War II The German city of Mainz was bombed in multiple air raids by the Allies during World War II by the Royal Air Force (RAF), as well as the United States Army Air Forces. These led to numerous victims and heavy damage throughout the cityscape. During the first two years of World

neg: Military history of the United States during World War II procurement of men and equipment, but no civilians—not even the secretaries of War or Navy, had a voice in strategy. Roosevelt avoided the State Department and conducted high level diplomacy through his aides, especially Harry Hopkins. Since Hopkins also controlled $50 billion in Lend Lease funds given to the Allies, they paid attention to him. The year 1940 marked a change in attitude in the United States. The German victories in France, Poland and elsewhere, combined with the Battle of Britain, led many Americans to believe that the United States would be forced to fight soon. In March 1941, the

neg: United States color-coded war plans plans were considered although never officially activated. Some plans were expanded to include war against a coalition of hostile powers. The most detailed was Red-Orange, based on a two-front war against the Anglo–Japanese Alliance, which expired in 1924. This was the contingency which most worried U.S. war planners, since it entailed a two-ocean war against major naval powers. Theories developed in wargaming Red-Orange were useful during World War II, when the United States engaged the Axis in both the Atlantic and Pacific simultaneously. Japan had used the opportunity afforded by World War I to establish itself as a major power

neg: United States home front during World War II taught Americans what was happening and who the heroes and the villains were. Ninety million people went to the movies every week. Some of the most highly regarded films during this period included "Casablanca", "Mrs. Miniver", "Going My Way", and "Yankee Doodle Dandy". Even before active American involvement in the war, the popular Three Stooges comic trio were lampooning the Nazi German leadership, and Nazis in general, with a number of short subject films, starting with "You Nazty Spy!" in January 1940, nearly two years before the United States was drawn into World War II. Cartoons and short subjects were

neg: Robert B. McClure Robert B. McClure Major General Robert Battey McClure (September 15, 1896 – September 15, 1973) was a senior United States Army officer who served in World War I, World War II, and the Korean War. Born in 1896, McClure joined the United States Army in 1917. He served on the Western Front during World War I and was awarded the Distinguished Service Cross. He remained in the army after the war, and served in China with the 15th Infantry Regiment. He served as a regimental commander during the Guadalcanal and New Georgia campaigns of World War II. He later commanded

neg: IV Corps (United States) IV Corps (United States) IV Corps was a corps-sized formation of the United States Army that saw service in both World War I and World War II. The corps was first organized on 20 June 1918, during World War I as part of the American Expeditionary Forces serving on the Western Front, as "Headquarters IV Army Corps". It participated in the offensives of St. Mihiel and Lorraine, being demobilized in Weimar Republic, 11 May 1919. Formerly reactivated without interruptions since October 1939, during World War II, the IV Corps was reconstituted on June 27, 1944, replacing the VI Corps in

neg: United States home front during World War II Smith Act, also known as the Alien Registration Act of 1940, which required indicted communists, anarchists and fascists. Another program was the Bracero Program, which allowed over two decades, nearly 5 million Mexican workers to come and work in the United States. After World War II, there was also the Truman Directive of 1945, which did not allow more people to migrate, but did use the immigration quotas to let in more displaced people after the war. There was also the War Brides Act of 1945, which allowed spouses of US soldiers to get an expedited path towards citizenship. In

neg: United States Navy in World War II the aircraft carriers, which became the mainstay of the rebuilt fleet. Naval doctrine had to be changed overnight. The United States Navy (like the IJN) had followed Alfred Thayer Mahan's emphasis on concentrated groups of battleships as the main offensive naval weapons. The loss of the battleships at Pearl Harbor forced Admiral Ernest J. King, the head of the Navy, to place primary emphasis on the small number of aircraft carriers. The U.S. Navy grew tremendously as the United States was faced with a two-front war on the seas. It achieved notable acclaim in the Pacific Theater, where it was

neg: Rhode Island World War II Army Airfields number of airfields in a support roles. At the end of the war, the airfield was returned to service as a state airport, instead of being retained as a United States Air Force installation that could have been a front-line base during the Cold War. There is the possibility that a few of the temporary buildings that were used survive today, and are being used for other purposes. First Air Force Rhode Island World War II Army Airfields During World War II, the United States Army Air Forces (USAAF) took control of Hillsgrove State Airport (now T.F. Green Airport) in

neg: United front is completely indispensable for the struggle against fascism. On this basis we must pull the Social Democratic workers along with us by our example, and criticize their leaders who will inevitably serve as a check and a break. In Chinese history, the First United Front (1924–1927) was a period when the Communists worked closely with the Kuomintang. The Chinese organized a Second United Front (1937–1943) to fight the Japanese during World War II. In Vietnam, the Vietcong organized the National Liberation Front (1960–1977) to gather widespread support for the independence struggle, first against France and later against the United States

neg: Women in the United States Marines who usually worked the administrative roles could be sent to France to help fight in the war. The Marine Corps created the Marine Corps Women's Reserve in 1943, during America's involvement in World War II. Ruth Cheney Streeter was its first director. Over 20,000 women Marines served in World War II, in over 225 different specialties, filling 85 percent of the enlisted jobs at Headquarters Marine Corps and comprising one-half to two-thirds of the permanent personnel at major Marine Corps posts. However, it was not until after World War II, in 1948, that the Women's Armed Services Integration Act of

neg: Two-front war contend with the United States starting with the War of 1812 in Canada, the Chesapeake Bay, and Louisiana. During World War I, Germany under Kaiser Wilhelm II fought a two-front war against French, British, Belgian, and (later) American forces on the Western Front while simultaneously fighting the Russians on the Eastern Front. Russia’s participation ended in the First World War, when the Bolshevik leaders signed the Treaty of Brest-Litovsk with Germany in March 1918. Germany had foreseen such a scenario, and developed the Schlieffen Plan in order to counteract being surrounded by its enemies. Under the Schlieffen Plan, German forces

neg: Alexander Patch Alexander Patch General Alexander McCarrell "Sandy" Patch (November 23, 1889 – November 21, 1945) was a senior United States Army officer, who fought in both World War I and World War II. During World War II he commanded U.S. Army and U.S. Marine Corps forces during the Guadalcanal Campaign, and the U.S. Seventh Army on the Western Front. He died in November 1945, a few months after the end of the war and two days before his 56th birthday. Patch was, along with James Van Fleet and Lucian K. Truscott, Jr., one of the very few senior American commanders to

neg: Alexander Patch Alexander Patch General Alexander McCarrell "Sandy" Patch (November 23, 1889 – November 21, 1945) was a senior United States Army officer, who fought in both World War I and World War II. During World War II he commanded U.S. Army and U.S. Marine Corps forces during the Guadalcanal Campaign, and the U.S. Seventh Army on the Western Front. He died in November 1945, a few months after the end of the war and two days before his 56th birthday. Patch was, along with James Van Fleet and Lucian K. Truscott, Jr., one of the very few senior American commanders to

neg: Oregon World War II Army Airfields roles. It is still possible to find remnants of these wartime airfields. Many were converted into municipal airports, though some were returned to agriculture and several were retained as United States Air Force installations and were front-line bases during the Cold War. Hundreds of the temporary buildings that were used survive today, and are being used for other purposes. Second Air Force Air Technical Service Command Oregon World War II Army Airfields Oregon World War II Army Airfields were the airfields built or repurposed during World War II for training pilots and aircrews of United States Army Air Forces (USAAF)

neg: John Kizirian John Kizirian John Kizirian () (April 2, 1928 - February 26, 2006) was a highly decorated member of the United States Armed Forces for over three decades and served during World War II, the Korean War, and the Vietnam War. Kizirian enlisted in the United States Navy near the end of World War II at the age of 17. In 1949, he applied for a transfer to the Army and became a sergeant. During the Korean War, he fought in the infantry in numerous front line battles, becoming a lieutenant and platoon leader. By the Vietnam War, Kizirian was an

neg: India in World War II India in World War II During the Second World War (1939–1945), India was controlled by the United Kingdom, with the British holding territories in India including over five hundred autonomous Princely States; British India officially declared war on Nazi Germany in September 1939. The British Raj, as part of the Allied Nations, sent over two and a half million soldiers to fight under British command against the Axis powers. The British government borrowed billions of pounds to help finance the war. India also provided the base for American operations in support of China in the China Burma India Theater. Indians

neg: Military history of the United States during World War II Military history of the United States during World War II The military history of the United States in World War II covers the war against Germany, Italy, and Japan, starting with the 7 December 1941 attack on Pearl Harbor. During the first two years of World War II, the United States had maintained formal neutrality as made official in the Quarantine Speech delivered by U.S. President Franklin D. Roosevelt in 1937, while supplying Britain, the Soviet Union, and China with war materiel through the Lend-Lease Act which was signed into law on 11 March 1941, as well as deploying the

neg: Western Front (World War II) Western Front (World War II) The Western Front was a military theatre of World War II encompassing Denmark, Norway, Luxembourg, Belgium, the Netherlands, the United Kingdom, France, Italy, and Germany. World War II military engagements in Southern Europe and elsewhere are generally considered under separate headings. The Western Front was marked by two phases of large-scale combat operations. The first phase saw the capitulation of the Netherlands, Belgium, and France during May and June 1940 after their defeat in the Low Countries and the northern half of France, and continued into an air war between Germany and Britain that climaxed

neg: United States Employment Service a system of "clearing labor" between states.” Then President Franklin D. Roosevelt had created many government-funded work projects to help boost the economy and the USES was responsible for hiring the workers on those projects. The USES operated originally in only a few states but by World War II, it was operating in all states and played a major role in providing jobs during the war. In the United States home front during World War II, the service coordinated employment of prisoners of war (e.g., using German POWs at Gettysburg for local pulpwood cutting). Like many labor organizations of its

neg: Tule Lake chief Kintpuash, also known to American settlers as Captain Jack. During World War II, the United States federal government forced the evacuation of Japanese nationals and Japanese Americans, including citizens born in the United States, to numerous camps built in the interior of California and inland states. They were forced to sell their businesses and homes, and suffered enormous economic and psychological losses by being treated as potential enemies. The Tule Lake War Relocation Center, a Japanese American internment camp, is located to the east in neighboring Modoc County. Following World War II, the federal government awarded 86 farm sites

neg: VII Corps (United States) VII Corps (United States) The VII Corps of the United States Army was one of the two principal corps of the United States Army Europe during the Cold War. Activated in 1918 for World War I, it was reactivated for World War II and again during the Cold War. During both World War II and the Cold War it was subordinate to the Seventh Army, or USAREUR and was headquartered at Kelley Barracks in Stuttgart, West Germany, from 1951 until it was redeployed to the US and inactivated in 1992. VII Corps was organized at the end of World War

neg: Mississippi World War II Army Airfields in support roles. It is still possible to find remnants of these wartime airfields. Many were converted into municipal airports, some were returned to agriculture and several were retained as United States Air Force installations and were front-line bases during the Cold War. Hundreds of the temporary buildings that were used survive today, and are being used for other purposes. .* Greenville was designated as an "Air Base" by Air Training Command while operated as private contractor-operated training facilities in the 1950s. Mississippi World War II Army Airfields During World War II, the United States Army Air Forces (USAAF) established

neg: Naval history of World War II Mediterranean, amounting to over 4 million tons. The loss of supplies proved fatal to the Axis armies in North Africa. Naval history of World War II In the beginning of World War II the Royal Navy was still the strongest navy in the world, with the largest number of warships built and with naval bases across the globe. Totalling over 15 battleships and battlecruisers, 7 aircraft carriers, 66 cruisers, 164 destroyers and 66 submarines. In the course of the war the United States Navy grew tremendously as the United States was faced with a two-front war on the seas. By

neg: American armored fighting vehicle production during World War II World War II. An earlier design, the M6 Heavy Tank, was not accepted for series production and only 40 were produced. Work began in early 1945 to develop a significantly heavier variant of the M26 Pershing, the T32 heavy tank, but after the end of the World War II, the project was cancelled and the vehicles were scrapped. American armored fighting vehicle production during World War II This page details tank production by the United States of America during World War II. By the time the United States entered the Second World War in 1942 they had only two tanks

neg: Edwin A. Zundel Edwin A. Zundel Edwin Albert Zundel (29 March 1893 – 13 February 1985) was a United States Army brigadier general who served on the Western Front during World War I, in the Southwest Pacific Area during World War II, and as Inspector General, Far East Command, and Inspector General, United Nations Troops—Korea during the Korean War. He was a member of the West Point class of 1915, "the class the stars fell on" that also included Omar Bradley and Dwight Eisenhower. Zundel commanded an artillery battalion on the Western Front during World War I, and was artillery officer of the

neg: History of the United States Army units and many volunteer units in the Mexican–American War of 1846–48. At the outset of the American Civil War, the regular U.S. Army was small and generally assigned to defend the nation's frontiers from attacks by Indians. Following the Civil War, the U.S. Army fought more wars with Indians, who resisted U.S. expansion into the center of the continent. A combined conscript and volunteer force, the National Army, was formed by the United States War Department in 1917 to fight in World War I. During World War II, the Army of the United States was formed as a successor to

neg: SS Red Oak Victory part of the Rosie the Riveter/World War II Home Front National Historical Park. SS Red Oak Victory SS "Red Oak Victory" is a U.S. military Victory ship of the used in the Second World War. She was preserved to serve as a museum ship in Richmond, California, and is part of the Rosie the Riveter/World War II Home Front National Historical Park. She was one of 534 Victories built during World War II, but one of only a few of these ships to be transferred from the Merchant Marine to the United States Navy. She was named after Red Oak,

neg: Alabama World War II Army Airfields in a support roles. It is still possible to find remnants of these wartime airfields. Many were converted into municipal airports, some were returned to agriculture and several were retained as United States Air Force installations and were front-line bases during the Cold War. Hundreds of the temporary buildings that were used survive today, and are being used for other purposes. AAF Eastern Flying Training Command Alabama World War II Army Airfields During World War II, the United States Army Air Forces (USAAF) established numerous airfields in Alabama for antisubmarine defense in the Gulf of Mexico and for training pilots

neg: Latinas and World War II the war effort, those who remained on the homefront also contributed to the country's fight. One of the biggest sources of agricultural jobs for Mexicans in the United States during World War II was the Bracero Program. Briefly, it was a temporary work agreement between the United States and Mexico through which Mexican workers would be sent to the United States for a certain amount of time, and would then return to Mexico. Women were not enlisted into the Bracero Program, however it still had a profound effect on Latinas. When Mexican men entered into the Bracero Program, they often

neg: United States home front during World War II role difficult to handle. Stress came when sons, husbands, fathers, brothers, and fiancés were drafted and sent to faraway training camps, preparing for a war in which nobody knew how many would be killed. Millions of wives tried to relocate near their husbands' training camps. During World War II the trend in immigration policies were both more and less restrictive. The United States immigration policies focused more on national security and were driven by foreign policy imperatives. Legislation such as the Chinese Exclusion Act of 1882 was finally repealed. This Act was the first law in the United States that

neg: North Carolina World War II Army Airfields airfields in a support roles. It is still possible to find remnants of these wartime airfields. Many were converted into municipal airports, some were returned to agriculture and several were retained as United States Air Force installations and were front-line bases during the Cold War. Hundreds of the temporary buildings that were used survive today, and are being used for other purposes. Troop Carrier Command Third Air Force Army Air Force Training CommandAAF Southeast Training Center Air Technical Service Command North Carolina World War II Army Airfields During World War II, the United States Army Air Forces (USAAF) established numerous

neg: 339th Infantry Regiment (United States) 339th Infantry Regiment (United States) The 339th Infantry Regiment was an infantry regiment of the United States Army, raised for service in World War I, that served in the North Russia Intervention and World War II. The 339th Regiment was created in June 1918, composed mainly of young draftees, for the purpose of fighting on the Western Front in France. Most of the 4,487 men were from Michigan, but some 500 draftees from Wisconsin were included. It was commonly referred to as "Detroit's Own". They were sent to fight the Bolsheviks in Northern Russia. They were nicknamed the "polar bears"

neg: Aleutian World War II National Historic Area After the purchase of Alaska by the United States in 1867, the Aleut found themselves classified as "Indians" and made wards of the government. Some Aleut worked fox and sheep farms for wages, others became construction workers or longshoremen, but almost all still looked to the sea for sustenance. The Aleuts' hardships lasted for over two centuries, culminating finally in the forced evacuation from their homeland during World War II. This was when the unique geography of the Aleutian Islands—the link between east and west—again played a pivotal role in the area's history. At the outbreak of World War II,

neg: 22d Intelligence Squadron 22d Intelligence Squadron The 22d Intelligence Squadron (22 IS) is a non-flying squadron of the United States Air Force. It is assigned to the 707th Intelligence, Surveillance and Reconnaissance Group, Fort George G. Meade, Maryland. The 22 IS is one of the oldest units in the United States Air Force, its lineage and history consisting of two World War I Western Front combat squadrons. The two units were consolidated in April 1937. During World War II, the squadron became part of Ninth Air Force in the European Theater of Operations (ETO) as a tactical reconnaissance squadron. During the Cold War,

neg: South Carolina World War II Army Airfields is still possible to find remnants of these wartime airfields. Many were converted into municipal airports, some were returned to agriculture and several were retained as United States Air Force installations and were front-line bases during the Cold War. Hundreds of the temporary buildings that were used survive today, and are being used for other purposes. Eastern Flight Training Center South Carolina World War II Army Airfields During World War II, the United States Army Air Forces (USAAF) established numerous airfields in South Carolina for antisubmarine defense in the Gulf of Mexico and for training pilots and aircrews of USAAF

neg: West Virginia World War II Army Airfields still possible to find remnants of these wartime airfields. Many were converted into municipal airports, some were returned to agriculture and several were retained as United States Air Force installations and were front-line bases during the Cold War. Hundreds of the temporary buildings that were used survive today, and are being used for other purposes. First Air Force West Virginia World War II Army Airfields During World War II, the United States Army Air Forces (USAAF) established numerous airfields in West Virginia for training pilots and aircrews of USAAF fighters and bombers. Most of these airfields were under the command

neg: New Hampshire World War II Army Airfields possible to find remnants of these wartime airfields. Many were converted into municipal airports, some were returned to agriculture and several were retained as United States Air Force installations and were front-line bases during the Cold War. Hundreds of the temporary buildings that were used survive today, and are being used for other purposes. First Air Force New Hampshire World War II Army Airfields During World War II, the United States Army Air Forces (USAAF) established numerous airfields in New Hampshire for training pilots and aircrews of USAAF fighters and bombers. Most of these airfields were under the command of

neg: New York World War II Army airfields possible to find remnants of these wartime airfields. Many were converted into municipal airports, some were returned to agriculture and several were retained as United States Air Force installations and were front-line bases during the Cold War. Hundreds of the temporary buildings that were used survive today, and are being used for other purposes. Air Technical Service Command Air Transport Command First Air Force Air Education and Training Command New York World War II Army airfields During World War II, the United States Army Air Forces (USAAF) established numerous airfields in New York for training pilots and aircrews of USAAF

neg: New Jersey World War II Army Airfields possible to find remnants of these wartime airfields. Many were converted into municipal airports, some were returned to agriculture and several were retained as United States Air Force installations and were front-line bases during the Cold War. Hundreds of the temporary buildings that were used survive today, and are being used for other purposes. Air Transport Command First Air Force Air Technical Service Command New Jersey World War II Army Airfields During World War II, the United States Army Air Forces (USAAF) established numerous airfields in New Jersey for training pilots and aircrews of USAAF fighters and bombers. Most of

neg: Indiana World War II Army Airfields to find remnants of these wartime airfields. Many were converted into municipal airports, some were returned to agriculture, and several were retained as United States Air Force installations and were front-line bases during the Cold War. Hundreds of the temporary buildings that were used survive today and are being used for other purposes. Troop Carrier Command Air Transport Command Air Technical Service Command Army Air Force Training Command Other Indiana World War II Army Airfields During World War II, the United States Army Air Forces (USAAF) established numerous airfields in Indiana for training pilots and aircrews of USAAF fighters and

neg: South Dakota World War II Army Airfields possible to find remnants of these wartime airfields. Many were converted into municipal airports, some were returned to agriculture and several were retained as United States Air Force installations and were front-line bases during the Cold War. Hundreds of the temporary buildings that were used survive today, and are being used for other purposes. Air Technical Service Command Second Air Force Personnel Distribution Command Army Air Force Training Command South Dakota World War II Army Airfields During World War II, the United States Army Air Forces (USAAF) established numerous airfields in South Dakota for training pilots and aircrews of USAAF

neg: North Dakota World War II Army Airfields possible to find remnants of these wartime airfields. Many were converted into municipal airports, some were returned to agriculture and several were retained as United States Air Force installations and were front-line bases during the Cold War. Hundreds of the temporary buildings that were used survive today, and are being used for other purposes. Air Transport Command Army Air Force Training Command North Dakota World War II Army Airfields During World War II, the United States Army Air Forces (USAAF) established numerous airfields in North Dakota for training pilots and aircrews of USAAF fighters and bombers. Most of these airfields

neg: New Mexico World War II Army Airfields possible to find remnants of these wartime airfields. Many were converted into municipal airports, some were returned to agriculture and several were retained as United States Air Force installations and were front-line bases during the Cold War. Hundreds of the temporary buildings that were used survive today, and are being used for other purposes. Second Air Force Air Technical Service Command Army Air Forces Training Command New Mexico World War II Army Airfields During World War II, the United States Army Air Forces (USAAF) established numerous airfields in New Mexico for training pilots and aircrews of USAAF fighters and bombers.

neg: Georgia World War II Army Airfields airfields. Many were converted into municipal airports, some were returned to agriculture and several were retained as United States Air Force installations and were front-line bases during the Cold War. Hundreds of the temporary buildings that were used survive today, and are being used for other purposes. Eastern Flying Training Command Georgia World War II Army Airfields During World War II, the United States Army Air Forces (USAAF) established numerous airfields in Georgia for antisubmarine defense in the Gulf of Mexico and for training pilots and aircrews of USAAF fighters and bombers. Most of these airfields were under the command

neg: Americans Will Always Fight for Liberty motivations of soldiers of the U.S. Army in World War II to Continental soldiers stationed at Valley Forge, drawing a connection between the soldiers from the Revolutionary War and the soldiers engaged in combat against the Axis powers. The poster was displayed throughout the United States in public areas such as schools, libraries, post offices and factories. It helped to instill patriotism during the Second World War and has been called one of the most recognized and enduring posters produced during the World War II era. The poster in underlining the word "always" also attempts to demonstrate that the United

neg: Nevada World War II Army airfields find remnants of these wartime airfields. Many were converted into municipal airports (such as Derby Field, near Lovelock), some were returned to agriculture or simply abandoned to decay and return to desert, and several were retained as United States Air Force installations and were front-line bases during the Cold War. Hundreds of the temporary buildings that were used survive today, and are being used for other purposes. Army Air Forces Training Command<BR>Western Flight Training Command Air Technical Service Command Fourth Air Force Nevada World War II Army airfields During World War II, the United States Army Air Forces (USAAF) established

neg: Vermont World War II Army Airfields find remnants of these wartime airfields. Many were converted into municipal airports, some were returned to agriculture and several were retained as United States Air Force installations and were front-line bases during the Cold War. Hundreds of the temporary buildings that were used survive today, and are being used for other purposes. Vermont World War II Army Airfields During World War II, the United States Army Air Forces (USAAF) established numerous airfields in Vermont for training pilots and aircrews of USAAF fighters and bombers. Most of these airfields were under the command of First Air Force or the Army Air

neg: Kentucky World War II Army Airfields find remnants of these wartime airfields. Many were converted into municipal airports, some were returned to agriculture and several were retained as United States Air Force installations and were front-line bases during the Cold War. Hundreds of the temporary buildings that were used survive today, and are being used for other purposes. Kentucky World War II Army Airfields During World War II, the United States Army Air Forces (USAAF) established numerous airfields in Kentucky for training pilots and aircrews of USAAF fighters and bombers. Most of these airfields were under the command of First Air Force or the Army Air

neg: Iowa World War II Army Airfields find remnants of these wartime airfields. Many were converted into municipal airports, some were returned to agriculture and several were retained as United States Air Force installations and were front-line bases during the Cold War. Hundreds of the temporary buildings that were used survive today, and are being used for other purposes. Iowa World War II Army Airfields During World War II, the United States Army Air Forces (USAAF) established numerous airfields in Iowa for training pilots and aircrews of USAAF fighters and bombers. Most of these airfields were under the command of First Air Force or the Army Air

neg: Massachusetts World War II Army Airfields find remnants of these wartime airfields. Many were converted into municipal airports, some were returned to agriculture and several were retained as United States Air Force installations and were front-line bases during the Cold War. Hundreds of the temporary buildings that were used survive today, and are being used for other purposes. Air Technical Service Commannd First Air Force Massachusetts World War II Army Airfields During World War II, the United States Army Air Forces (USAAF) established numerous airfields in Massachusetts for training pilots and aircrews of USAAF fighters and bombers. Most of these airfields were under the command of

neg: Maryland World War II Army Airfields find remnants of these wartime airfields. Many were converted into municipal airports, some were returned to agriculture and several were retained as United States Air Force installations and were front-line bases during the Cold War. Hundreds of the temporary buildings that were used survive today, and are being used for other purposes. First Air Force Proving Ground Command Maryland World War II Army Airfields During World War II, the United States Army Air Forces (USAAF) established numerous airfields in Maryland for training pilots and aircrews of USAAF fighters and bombers. Most of these airfields were under the command of First

neg: Maine World War II Army Airfields find remnants of these wartime airfields. Many were converted into municipal airports, some were returned to agriculture and several were retained as United States Air Force installations and were front-line bases during the Cold War. Hundreds of the temporary buildings that were used survive today, and are being used for other purposes. First Air Force Air Transport Command Maine World War II Army Airfields During World War II, the United States Army Air Forces (USAAF) established numerous airfields in Maine for training pilots and aircrews of USAAF fighters and bombers. Most of these airfields were under the command of First

neg: Wyoming World War II Army Airfields find remnants of these wartime airfields. Many were converted into municipal airports, some were returned to agriculture and several were retained as United States Air Force installations and were front-line bases during the Cold War. Hundreds of the temporary buildings that were used survive today, and are being used for other purposes. Second Air Force and Air Technical Service Command Wyoming World War II Army Airfields During World War II, the United States Army Air Forces (USAAF) established numerous airfields in Wyoming for training pilots and aircrews of USAAF fighters and bombers. Most of these airfields were under the command

neg: Montana World War II Army Airfields find remnants of these wartime airfields. Many were converted into municipal airports, returned to agriculture, or retained as United States Air Force installations that served as front-line bases during the Cold War. Hundreds of the temporary buildings that were used survive today, and are being used for other purposes. Second Air Force Air Transport Command Montana World War II Army Airfields During World War II, the United States Army Air Forces (USAAF) established numerous airfields in Montana for training pilots and aircrews of USAAF fighters and bombers. Most of these airfields were under the command of Second Air Force or

neg: Wisconsin World War II Army Airfields remnants of these wartime airfields. Many were converted into municipal airports, some were returned to agriculture and several were retained as United States Air Force installations and were front-line bases during the Cold War. Hundreds of the temporary buildings that were used survive today, and are being used for other purposes. Air Technical Service Command Army Air Force Training Command First Air Force Wisconsin World War II Army Airfields During World War II, the United States Army Air Forces (USAAF) established airfields in Wisconsin for training pilots and aircrews of USAAF fighters and bombers. Most of these airfields were under

neg: Virginia World War II Army Airfields find remnants of these wartime airfields. Many were converted into municipal airports, some were returned to agriculture and several were retained as United States Air Force installations and were front-line bases during the Cold War. Hundreds of the temporary buildings that were used survive today, and are being used for other purposes. Air Technical Service Command Army Air Force Training Command First Air Force Virginia World War II Army Airfields During World War II, the United States Army Air Forces (USAAF) established numerous airfields in Virginia for training pilots and aircrews of USAAF fighters and bombers. Most of these airfields

neg: Pennsylvania World War II Army Airfields find remnants of these wartime airfields. Many were converted into municipal airports, some were returned to agriculture and several were retained as United States Air Force installations and were front-line bases during the Cold War. Hundreds of the temporary buildings that were used survive today, and are being used for other purposes. Air Technical Service Command First Air Force Air Transport Command Army Air Forces Training Command Other Pennsylvania World War II Army Airfields During World War II, the United States Army Air Forces (USAAF) established numerous airfields in Pennsylvania for training pilots and aircrews of USAAF fighters and bombers.

neg: Ohio World War II Army Airfields find remnants of these wartime airfields. Many were converted into municipal airports, some were returned to agriculture and several were retained as United States Air Force installations and were front-line bases during the Cold War. Hundreds of the temporary buildings that were used survive today, and are being used for other purposes. Army Air Force Training Command Air Transport Command Air Technical Service Command Ohio World War II Army Airfields During World War II, the United States Army Air Forces (USAAF) established numerous airfields in Ohio for training pilots and aircrews of USAAF fighters and bombers. Most of these airfields

neg: Missouri World War II Army Airfields find remnants of these wartime airfields. Many were converted into municipal airports, some were returned to agriculture and several were retained as United States Air Force installations and were front-line bases during the Cold War. Hundreds of the temporary buildings that were used survive today, and are being used for other purposes. Army Air Force Training Command Troop Carrier Command Air Technical Service Command Air Transport Command Missouri World War II Army Airfields During World War II, the United States Army Air Forces (USAAF) established numerous airfields in Missouri for training pilots and aircrews of USAAF fighters and bombers. Most

neg: Minnesota World War II Army Airfields find remnants of these wartime airfields. Many were converted into municipal airports, some were returned to agriculture and several were retained as United States Air Force installations and were front-line bases during the Cold War. Hundreds of the temporary buildings that were used survive today, and are being used for other purposes. Air Transport Command Air Technical Service Command Army Air Force Training Command Minnesota World War II Army Airfields During World War II, the United States Army Air Forces (USAAF) established numerous airfields in Minnesota for training pilots and aircrews of USAAF fighters and bombers. Most of these airfields

neg: Michigan World War II Army Airfields find remnants of these wartime airfields. Many were converted into municipal airports, some were returned to agriculture and several were retained as United States Air Force installations and were front-line bases during the Cold War. Hundreds of the temporary buildings that were used survive today, and are being used for other purposes. Air Technical Service Command Troop Carrier Command First Air Force Army Air Force Training Command Air Transport Command Michigan World War II Army Airfields During World War II, the United States Army Air Forces (USAAF) established numerous airfields in Michigan for training pilots and aircrews of USAAF fighters

neg: Illinois World War II Army Airfields find remnants of these wartime airfields. Many were converted into municipal airports, some were returned to agriculture and several were retained as United States Air Force installations and were front-line bases during the Cold War. Hundreds of the temporary buildings that were used survive today, and are being used for other purposes. Army Air Force Training Command Air Transport Command Air Technical Service Command Illinois World War II Army Airfields During World War II, the United States Army Air Forces (USAAF) established numerous airfields in Illinois for training pilots and aircrews of USAAF fighters and bombers. Most of these airfields

neg: Utah World War II Army Airfields find remnants of these wartime airfields. Many were converted into municipal airports, some were returned to agriculture and several were retained as United States Air Force installations and were front-line bases during the Cold War. Hundreds of the temporary buildings that were used survive today, and are being used for other purposes. Proving Ground Command Air Technical Service Command Army Air Forces Training Command Utah World War II Army Airfields During World War II, the United States Army Air Forces (USAAF) established numerous airfields in Utah for training pilots and aircrews of USAAF fighters and bombers. Most of these airfields

neg: Washington World War II Army Airfields find remnants of these wartime airfields. Many were converted into municipal airports, some were returned to agriculture and several were retained as United States Air Force installations and were front-line bases during the Cold War. Hundreds of the temporary buildings that were used survive today, and are being used for other purposes. Army Air Force Training Command Air Transport Command Air Technical Service Command Second Air Force Washington World War II Army Airfields During World War II, the United States Army Air Forces (USAAF) established numerous airfields in Washington for training pilots and aircrews of USAAF fighters and bombers. Most

neg: Tennessee World War II Army Airfields find remnants of these wartime airfields. Many were converted into municipal airports, some were returned to agriculture and several were retained as United States Air Force installations and were front-line bases during the Cold War. Hundreds of the temporary buildings that were used survive today, and are being used for other purposes. Army Air Force Training Command<br>"AAF Southeast Training Center" "Eastern Flying Training Command" Air Transport Command Third Air Force Tennessee World War II Army Airfields During World War II, the United States Army Air Forces (USAAF) established numerous airfields in Tennessee for training pilots and aircrews of USAAF fighters

neg: Arizona World War II Army Airfields find remnants of these wartime airfields. Many were converted into municipal airports, some were returned to agriculture and several were retained as United States Air Force installations and were front-line bases during the Cold War. Hundreds of the temporary buildings that were used survive today, and are being used for other purposes. Air Transport Command Fourth Air Force Air Technical Service Command Civilian Pilot Training Program Army Air Forces Training Command Army Air Forces Western Flying Training Command Arizona World War II Army Airfields During World War II, the United States Army Air Forces (USAAF) established numerous airfields in Arizona

neg: Arkansas World War II Army Airfields find remnants of these wartime airfields. Many were converted into municipal airports, some were returned to agriculture and several were retained as United States Air Force installations and were front-line bases during the Cold War. Hundreds of the temporary buildings that were used survive today, and are being used for other purposes. Army Air Force Training CommandSoutheast Training Center/AAF Eastern Flying Training Command Arkansas World War II Army Airfields During World War II, the United States Army Air Forces (USAAF) established numerous airfields in Arkansas for training pilots and aircrews of USAAF fighters and bombers. Most of these airfields were

neg: 106th Infantry Division (United States) 106th Infantry Division (United States) The 106th Infantry Division was a division of the United States Army formed for service during World War II. Two of its three regiments were overrun and surrounded in the initial days of the Battle of the Bulge, and they were forced to surrender to German forces on 19 December 1944. The division was never officially added to the troop list following the war, despite having been almost completely organized in Puerto Rico by 1948; subsequently, the War Department determined the division was not needed and inactivated the division headquarters in 1950. The 106th Infantry

neg: Military history of the United States during World War II Soviet Union as well as Britain and China. Prior to America's entry into World War II in December 1941, individual Americans volunteered to fight against the Axis powers in other nations' armed forces. Although under American law, it was illegal for United States citizens to join the armed forces of foreign nations and in doing so, they lost their citizenship, many American volunteers changed their nationality to Canadian. However Congress passed a blanket pardon in 1944. American mercenary Colonel Charles Sweeny living in London began recruiting American citizens to fight as a U.S. volunteer detachment in the French Air force,

neg: 106th Infantry Division (United States) DIV. More than 17,500 names and details. 106th Infantry Division (United States) The 106th Infantry Division was a division of the United States Army formed for service during World War II. Two of its three regiments were overrun and surrounded in the initial days of the Battle of the Bulge, and they were forced to surrender to German forces on 19 December 1944. The division was never officially added to the troop list following the war, despite having been almost completely organized in Puerto Rico by 1948; subsequently, the War Department determined the division was not needed and inactivated the

neg: United States Army in World War II dust jacket) whose face was a black-and-white photograph with the title superimposed. They omitted the original editions’ fold-out maps but instead printed them in two separate atlases. Two volumes, ‘’Cross Channel Attack’’ and ‘’The Ardennes: Battle of the Bulge’’, were reprinted in the 1990s by Konecky & Konecky in a large 8½” by 11” format. They, too, omitted the fold-out maps. Other publishing houses have also reprinted selected volumes. United States Army in World War II United States Army in World War II is the official history of the ground forces of the United States Army during World War II.

neg: Army Air Forces Training Command 1977 the United States Congress finally granted benefits to the 850 remaining WASPs. In World War I, partially trained American pilots arrived in Europe unprepared to fight the Germans. They completed their training in French, British, and Italian schools in aircraft not available in the United States. Mechanics, too, received training overseas. The British helped train US ground crews at their airfields and in their factories. So too, did France. Based on that foundation, the air arm of the US Army grew quickly and compiled a credible combat record during World War I. Two decades later, with World War II

neg: United States home front during World War II Supreme Court upheld the legality of the executive order in the "Korematsu v. United States" case. The executive order remained in force until December when Roosevelt released the Japanese internees, except for those who announced their intention to return to Japan. Fascist Italy was an official enemy, and citizens of Italy were also forced away from "strategic" coastal areas in California. Altogether, 58,000 Italians were forced to relocate. They relocated on their own and were not put in camps. Known spokesmen for Benito Mussolini were arrested and held in prison. The restrictions were dropped in October 1942, and Italy switched

neg: West View Park 1941. The park introduced a Kiddieland themed area to the park, which consisted primarily of rides manufactured by Herschell or Mangels. World War II was a tough time for amusement parks, on several different fronts. Employment was difficult because many men left to go to fight in the war. Then, in 1943, the United States government imposed a pleasure driving ban in many places in the United States, including all of Pennsylvania. This ban was put in place due to oil shortages during World War II. This meant that a person could only drive a motorized vehicle to and from

neg: Code talker built upon their native languages. Their service improved the speed of encryption of communications at both ends in front line operations during World War II. The name "code talkers" is strongly associated with bilingual Navajo speakers specially recruited during World War II by the Marines to serve in their standard communications units in the Pacific Theater. Code talking, however, was pioneered by the Cherokee and Choctaw peoples during World War I. Other Native American code talkers were deployed by the United States Army during World War II, including Lakota, Meskwaki, Mohawk and Comanche soldiers; they served in the Pacific, North

neg: Propaganda in the United States "greatest propaganda machine in history". "Why We Fight" is a famous series of US government propaganda films made to justify US involvement in World War II. Response to the use of propaganda in the United States was mixed, as attempts by the government to release propaganda during World War I was perceived negatively by the American public. The government did not initially use propaganda but was ultimately persuaded by businesses and media, which saw its use as informational. Cultural and racial stereotypes were used in World War II propaganda to encourage the perception of the Japanese people and government as

neg: Robert B. McClure third Distinguished Service Medal for services during the Cold War. He died on September 15, 1973, on his 77th birthday, and is buried at Arlington National Cemetery, in Virginia. Robert B. McClure Major General Robert Battey McClure (September 15, 1896 – September 15, 1973) was a senior United States Army officer who served in World War I, World War II, and the Korean War. Born in 1896, McClure joined the United States Army in 1917. He served on the Western Front during World War I and was awarded the Distinguished Service Cross. He remained in the army after the war,

neg: Cannon Battle of Chosin Reservoir, during the Korean War. Two field batteries fired directly upon a battalion of Chinese infantry; the Marines were forced to brace themselves against their howitzers, as they had no time to dig them in. The Chinese infantry took heavy casualties, and were forced to retreat. The tendency to create larger calibre cannon during the World Wars has reversed since. The United States Army, for example, sought a lighter, more versatile howitzer, to replace their ageing pieces. As it could be towed, the M198 was selected to be the successor to the World War II–era cannon used

neg: John Sidney Owens John Sidney Owens John Sidney Owens (26 May 1893 – 14 January 1965) was an American pursuit pilot and a flying ace in World War I. Born in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, he joined the Air Service, United States Army in 1917 during World War I. After pilot training in the United States, Lieutenant Owens was assigned to the 139th Aero Squadron, 2d Pursuit Group, First Army Air Service. In combat over the Western Front in France, Lieutenant Owens was credited with shares in five victories. During World War II, he attained the rank of Lieutenant Colonel in the United States Army

neg: Civilian internee Civilian internee A civilian internee is a civilian detained by a party to a war for security reasons. Internees are usually forced to reside in internment camps, often pejoratively called concentration camps and similar to prisoner of war camps or civilian prisons. Historical examples include Japanese American internment and internment of German Americans in the United States during World War II. Japan interned 130,000 Dutch, British, and American civilians in Asia during World War II. From December 1941 to April 1942 in World War II, Japan conquered much of Southeast Asia and the Pacific region. In doing so, Japan acquired

neg: Carl Schmitt (artist) Schmitt worked for the Federal Arts Project (the visual arts branch of the Works Progress Administration). He completed fifteen works (7 oil paintings and 8 drawings) which were distributed in various public buildings in Connecticut. Shortly thereafter, an attack of tuberculosis forced him to cease work and seek treatment at a sanatorium in Tagliacozzo, Italy. His wife and family of ten children joined him there in 1938 but they all returned to the United States upon the outbreak of World War II the following year. Three of Schmitt's sons soon returned to Europe to fight on the front lines. A