query: who compiled and published the first assames dictionary in 1867

pos: Hemkosh Baptist Mission Press, Sibsagar, is out of print. Bronson’s work did not pretend to be an etymological dictionary but contained a very considerable collection of words from the people themselves without recording derivations. Hemkosh Hemkosh (, ) is the first etymological dictionary of the Assamese language based on Sanskrit spellings, compiled by Hemchandra Barua. It was first published in 1900 under the supervision of Capt. P. R. Gordon, ISC and Hemchandra Goswami, 33 years after the publication of Bronson’s dictionary. It contained about 22,346 words. This dictionary still published by "Hemkosh Printers" is considered to be the "standard" reference of

pos: Hemkosh Hemkosh Hemkosh (, ) is the first etymological dictionary of the Assamese language based on Sanskrit spellings, compiled by Hemchandra Barua. It was first published in 1900 under the supervision of Capt. P. R. Gordon, ISC and Hemchandra Goswami, 33 years after the publication of Bronson’s dictionary. It contained about 22,346 words. This dictionary still published by "Hemkosh Printers" is considered to be the "standard" reference of the Assamese language. Hemkosh is the second dictionary of Assamese language. The first Assamese dictionary was compiled by Dr. Miles Bronson, an American Baptist Missionary. His dictionary, published in 1867 at the American

neg: Chambers Dictionary New Zealand and Australia. In 2005, Mattel changed the source dictionary to "Collins English Dictionary". Chambers Dictionary The Chambers Dictionary (TCD) was first published by William and Robert Chambers as "Chambers's English Dictionary" in 1872. It was an expanded version of "Chambers's Etymological Dictionary" of 1867, compiled by James Donald. A second edition came out in 1898, and was followed in 1901 by a new compact edition called "Chambers's Twentieth Century Dictionary". "TCD" is widely used by British crossword solvers and setters, and by "Scrabble" players (though it is no longer the official "Scrabble" dictionary). It contains many more dialectal,

neg: Chambers Dictionary Chambers Dictionary The Chambers Dictionary (TCD) was first published by William and Robert Chambers as "Chambers's English Dictionary" in 1872. It was an expanded version of "Chambers's Etymological Dictionary" of 1867, compiled by James Donald. A second edition came out in 1898, and was followed in 1901 by a new compact edition called "Chambers's Twentieth Century Dictionary". "TCD" is widely used by British crossword solvers and setters, and by "Scrabble" players (though it is no longer the official "Scrabble" dictionary). It contains many more dialectal, archaic, unconventional and eccentric words than its rivals, and is noted for its occasional wryly

neg: The Devil's Dictionary Devil's Dictionary"), “But the alphabetful of definitions we have here is compiled from a mass of notes, duplicates and variants that were never even sorted, much less proportioned and polished by the author.” Bierce took decades to write his lexicon of satirical definitions. He warmed up by including definitions infrequently in satirical essays, most often in his weekly columns “The Town Crier” or “Prattle.” His earliest known definition was published in 1867. His first try at a multiple-definition essay was titled “Webster Revised”. It included definitions of four terms and was published in early 1869. Bierce also wrote definitions in

neg: Myanmar–English Dictionary Myanmar–English Dictionary Myanmar–English Dictionary () is a modern Government project in Myanmar (formerly Burma), first published in 1993 by the Government of Myanmar's Myanmar Language Commission. It is a guide dictionary for translating between English and the Myanmar Language. It was recorded the members of the Myanmar Language Commission and the two Myanmar–English Dictionary Work Committees who participated in the compilation of this dictionary. The first English–Burmese Dictionary was compiled and published by Adoniram Judson, and is still available in a new revision. "U Htun Nyein": dictionary and "Tet Toe" Dictionary are famous among Burmese students. Hla Pe (who was

neg: Assamese literature to use this dialect in translating the Bible in 1813. The Missionaries established the first printing press in Sibsagar in 1836 and started using the local Asamiya dialect for writing purposes. In 1846 they started a monthly periodical called "Arunodoi", and in 1848, Nathan Brown published the first book on Assamese grammar. The Missionaries published the first Assamese-English Dictionary compiled by M. Bronson in 1867. One of the major contributions of the American Baptist missionaries to the Assamese language is the reintroduction of Assamese as the official language in Assam. In 1848 missionary Nathan Brown published a treatise on the

neg: John Ogilvie (lexicographer) Aberdeen on 21 November 1867. To the "Aberdeen Magazine" 1831–2, Ogilvie contributed, under the signature ‘Iota,’ ten ‘Imitations of Horace’ in Scottish dialect. In 1836 he worked for Blackie & Son's annotated edition of Thomas Stackhouse's "History of the Bible". Messrs. Blackie engaged him in 1838 to revise and enlarge Webster's; he compiled the "Imperial Dictionary" (published 1847–1850) using Noah Webster's "American Dictionary" as its basis, expanding it greatly. The result appeared as the "Imperial Dictionary, English, Technical, and Scientific", issued in parts from 1847 onwards, and published complete in 1850, and supplement 1855. In 1863 Ogilvie issued an abridgment

neg: Baker's Biographical Dictionary of Musicians Baker's Biographical Dictionary of Musicians Baker's Biographical Dictionary of Musicians is a major reference originally compiled by Theodore Baker, PhD, and published in 1900 by G. Schirmer, Inc. The ninth edition, the most recent edition, was published in 2001 — years after the first edition. Leading up to the initial publication of "Baker's Biographical Dictionary of Musicians," Baker had compiled and edited three editions of "A Dictionary of Musical Terms" — published 1895, 1896, and 1897, respectively, by G. Schirmer, Inc.. The 1 edition, published in 1900, has 647 pages plus an "Appendix" of 5 pages The first edition includes

neg: Myanmar–English Dictionary Onions said "A lexicographer's life is a dog's life, but a lexicographer generally lives to an old age". This is true of several contributors to these Burmese dictionaries. Myanmar–English Dictionary Myanmar–English Dictionary () is a modern Government project in Myanmar (formerly Burma), first published in 1993 by the Government of Myanmar's Myanmar Language Commission. It is a guide dictionary for translating between English and the Myanmar Language. It was recorded the members of the Myanmar Language Commission and the two Myanmar–English Dictionary Work Committees who participated in the compilation of this dictionary. The first English–Burmese Dictionary was compiled and published

neg: Carmarthen schoolmaster, who printed the first book, "The Elements of Chronology", in the city in 1730. In 1840, a printing press was set up in Carmarthen by William Spurrell (1813–1889), who wrote a history of the town and compiled and published a Welsh-English dictionary (first published 1848) and an English–Welsh dictionary (first published 1850). Today's Collins Welsh dictionary is known as the "Collins Spurrell". A local housing authority in Carmarthen is named Heol Spurrell in honour of the family. The origins of Chartism in Wales can be traced to the foundation in the autumn of 1836 of Carmarthen Working Men's Association.

neg: Irish lexicography of the first to make good use of Plunkett’s dictionary, in the dictionary of multilingual lists (encompassing the Celtic languages, Latin and English) which he published in 1707. During the 18th century two major English-Irish dictionaries and two Irish-English dictionaries were compiled. In Paris in 1732 the first comprehensive English-Irish dictionary was published and in the same city in 1768 a similar Irish-English work was published. Conchubhar Ó Beaglaoich, a priest and private tutor in Paris and Aodh Buí Mac Cruitín, a scholar from Co. Clare compiled the 1732 dictionary. Seán Ó Briain, bishop of Cloyne and Ross was the

neg: Baker's Biographical Dictionary of Musicians Baker and Alfred Remy (1870–1927) Edited by Nicolas Slonimsky (1894–1995) Edited by Laura Diane Kuhn, PhD (born 1953) Other editions Works cited Baker's Biographical Dictionary of Musicians Baker's Biographical Dictionary of Musicians is a major reference originally compiled by Theodore Baker, PhD, and published in 1900 by G. Schirmer, Inc. The ninth edition, the most recent edition, was published in 2001 — years after the first edition. Leading up to the initial publication of "Baker's Biographical Dictionary of Musicians," Baker had compiled and edited three editions of "A Dictionary of Musical Terms" — published 1895, 1896, and 1897, respectively, by

neg: Van Dale Van Dale Van Dale's Great Dictionary of the Dutch Language (, ), called "" for short, is the leading dictionary of the Dutch language. Van Dale's dictionary was first published after the death of Johan Hendrik van Dale, who had started work on his "New Dictionary of the Dutch Language" ("", ) in 1867. This was built upon the original same-named 1864 dictionary of I.M. Calisch and N.S. Calisch. Van Dale did not see the new work published in his lifetime, as he died in 1872. It was finished by his student Jan Manhave. Today it is published by the

neg: A Chinese-English Dictionary 85) A Chinese-English Dictionary A Chinese-English Dictionary (1892), compiled by the British consular officer and sinologist Herbert Allen Giles (1845-1935), is the first Chinese-English encyclopedic dictionary. Giles started compilation after being rebuked for criticizing mistranslations in Samuel Wells Williams' (1874) "A Syllabic Dictionary of the Chinese Language". The 1,461-page first edition contains 13,848 Chinese character head entries alphabetically collated by Beijing Mandarin pronunciation romanized in the Wade-Giles system, which Giles created as a modification of Thomas Wade's (1867) system. Giles' dictionary furthermore gives pronunciations from nine regional varieties of Chinese, and three Sino-Xenic languages Japanese, Korean, and Vietnamese. Giles revised

neg: A Chinese-English Dictionary A Chinese-English Dictionary A Chinese-English Dictionary (1892), compiled by the British consular officer and sinologist Herbert Allen Giles (1845-1935), is the first Chinese-English encyclopedic dictionary. Giles started compilation after being rebuked for criticizing mistranslations in Samuel Wells Williams' (1874) "A Syllabic Dictionary of the Chinese Language". The 1,461-page first edition contains 13,848 Chinese character head entries alphabetically collated by Beijing Mandarin pronunciation romanized in the Wade-Giles system, which Giles created as a modification of Thomas Wade's (1867) system. Giles' dictionary furthermore gives pronunciations from nine regional varieties of Chinese, and three Sino-Xenic languages Japanese, Korean, and Vietnamese. Giles revised his

neg: A Feminist Dictionary A Feminist Dictionary A Feminist Dictionary, published in its second edition as Amazons, Bluestockings, and Crones: A Feminist Dictionary, is an alternative dictionary compiled by Cheris Kramarae, Ann Russo, and Paula A. Tredichler, and first published by Pandora Press in 1985. It has over 2500 words and definitions from a feminist perspective, with the intent of “forcing us to consider who assembles the dictionaries usually consulted and to ask how the words have been chosen." Described by one reviewer as "sort of a cross between the "OED" and the "Whole Earth Catalog"," the dictionary uses as its sources academic papers,

neg: A Feminist Dictionary speeches, graffiti, and quotes from famous women. A Feminist Dictionary A Feminist Dictionary, published in its second edition as Amazons, Bluestockings, and Crones: A Feminist Dictionary, is an alternative dictionary compiled by Cheris Kramarae, Ann Russo, and Paula A. Tredichler, and first published by Pandora Press in 1985. It has over 2500 words and definitions from a feminist perspective, with the intent of “forcing us to consider who assembles the dictionaries usually consulted and to ask how the words have been chosen." Described by one reviewer as "sort of a cross between the "OED" and the "Whole Earth Catalog"," the

neg: The New World of English Words The New World of English Words The New World of English Words, or, a General Dictionary is a dictionary compiled by Edward Phillips and first published in London in 1658. It was the first folio English dictionary. As well as containing common words, the dictionary featured many unusual words, foreign terms, proper nouns and other specialist terms. In total, the original edition featured 11,000 entries, increasing to 17,000 by the fifth edition in 1696. It was later revised and enlarged by John Kersey in 1706, eventually containing 38,000 entries. Kersey had already compiled his own dictionary, "A New English Dictionary",

neg: A Dictionary of Slang and Unconventional English A Dictionary of Slang and Unconventional English A Dictionary of Slang and Unconventional English is a dictionary of slang originally compiled by the noted lexicographer of the English language, Eric Partridge. The first edition was published in 1937 and seven editions were eventually published by Partridge. An eighth edition was published in 1984, after Partridge's death, by editor Paul Beale; in 1990 Beale published an abridged version, Partridge's Concise Dictionary of Slang and Unconventional English. The dictionary was updated in 2005 by Tom Dalzell and Terry Victor as The New Partridge Dictionary of Slang and Unconventional English, and again in

neg: Van Dale words lies solely on them. Apart from publishing the authoritative Dutch-language dictionary, Van Dale Lexicografie also publishes bilingual dictionaries for other languages, translated from and to Dutch, and also offers language courses and translation services. Van Dale Van Dale's Great Dictionary of the Dutch Language (, ), called "" for short, is the leading dictionary of the Dutch language. Van Dale's dictionary was first published after the death of Johan Hendrik van Dale, who had started work on his "New Dictionary of the Dutch Language" ("", ) in 1867. This was built upon the original same-named 1864 dictionary of I.M.

neg: Jin Qicong causes in 2004. Jin and his father, Jin Guangping, collaborated on a study of the Jurchen language and script, which was first published in 1964, and a revised edition published in 1980. His major contribution to Jurchen studies was a Jurchen-Chinese dictionary that was published in 1984. This was the first modern dictionary of Jurchen, and remained the only dictionary of Jurchen until 2003 when an expanded Jurchen dictionary compiled by Jin and his daughter, Aisin-Gioro Ulhicun, was published in Japan. Jin Qicong Jin Qicong or Aisin-Gioro Qicong (7 June 1918 – 10 April 2004) was a Chinese historian and

neg: Hart's Rules Dictionary" by Frederick Howard Collins (first published in 1905 and renamed in 1983). A freshly compiled successor, published in 2005, returned to the "traditional small handbook form", matching "New Hart's Rules", and is titled The New Oxford Dictionary for Writers and Editors. It is intended for "people who work with words—authors, copy-editors, proofreaders, students writing essays and dissertations, journalists, people writing reports or other documents, and website editors." This edition was reprinted with a new cover in 2014, to match a make-over of various Oxford reference publications. It is distinct from the similarly titled "[New] Oxford Dictionary for Scientific Writers

neg: Irish lexicography compiler or the 1768 dictionary. Tadhg Ó Neachtain’s Irish-English Dictionary (1739) and Crab’s English-Irish dictionary remained in manuscript form and were never published. During the 19th century three English-Irish dictionaries and the same number of Irish-English dictionaries were compiled. Four of these were published, Tadhg Ó Coinnialláin’s English-Irish dictionary(1814), that produced by Domhnall Ó Foghludha (1855), Edward O’Reilly’s Irish-English dictionary (1817, 1821, 1864) and that compiled by Thomas de Vere Coneys (1849). Clareman, Peadar Ó Conaill’s Irish-English dictionary and Robert MacAdam’s English-Irish Dictionary (c. 1850) remain in manuscript form. MacAdam was a business man from Belfast, a Protestant and Irish

neg: Dictionary of Australian Biography 1966 and "Who's Who in Australia". Dictionary of Australian Biography The Dictionary of Australian Biography, published in 1949, is a reference work by Percival Serle containing information on notable people associated with Australian history. With approximately a thousand entries, the book took more than twenty years to complete. Published by Angus and Robertson, the dictionary was compiled as two volumes, Volume 1: A-K; and Volume 2: L-Z. The book contains 1,030 biographies of Australians, or people who were closely connected with Australia, who died before the end of 1942. According to Serle in his preface: The average length of the

neg: Aurélio Dictionary Aurélio Dictionary The Novo Dicionário da Língua Portuguesa is a comprehensive dictionary of the Portuguese language, published in Brazil, first compiled by Aurélio Buarque de Holanda Ferreira. It is popularly known as the Dicionário Aurélio, or simply Aurélio or Aurelião ("Big "Aurélio""'). The first edition was published in 1975, and it has since then re-printed dozens of times, and also published in electronic form. According to publisher's data, it had sold over 5 million copies by 1986, and over 40 million by 2005 (counting all derivative works and special editions). The 4th edition published in 2009 is written in the

neg: Aurélio Dictionary Portuguesa", with 435,000 entries. Aurélio Dictionary The Novo Dicionário da Língua Portuguesa is a comprehensive dictionary of the Portuguese language, published in Brazil, first compiled by Aurélio Buarque de Holanda Ferreira. It is popularly known as the Dicionário Aurélio, or simply Aurélio or Aurelião ("Big "Aurélio""'). The first edition was published in 1975, and it has since then re-printed dozens of times, and also published in electronic form. According to publisher's data, it had sold over 5 million copies by 1986, and over 40 million by 2005 (counting all derivative works and special editions). The 4th edition published in 2009

neg: Khazar English-Azerbaijani Comprehensive Dictionary the correct spelling, pronunciation, and precise translation into Azerbaijani of each entry. Comments are given when needed, and many words are shown in context, demonstrating their stylistic features. The dictionary is compiled and produced by the Khazar University Dictionary and Encyclopedia Center in Baku, Azerbaijan. The center is directed by Professor Tofik Abaskuliyev. The KEACD is published by Khazar University Press. Khazar English-Azerbaijani Comprehensive Dictionary The Khazar English-Azerbaijani Comprehensive Dictionary (KEACD), published by the Khazar University Press, is a bilingual dictionary of the English language and the Azerbaijani language. The first edition of the dictionary is in the process of

neg: Easton's Bible Dictionary domain resource. Easton's Bible Dictionary The Illustrated Bible Dictionary, better known as Easton's Bible Dictionary, is a reference work on topics related to the Christian Bible compiled by Matthew George Easton. The first edition was published in 1893, and a revised edition was published the following year. The most popular edition, however, was the third, published by Thomas Nelson in 1897, three years after Easton's death. The last contains nearly 4,000 entries relating to the Bible. Many of the entries in "Easton's" are encyclopedic in nature, although there are also short dictionary-type entries. Because of its age, it is now

neg: Easton's Bible Dictionary Easton's Bible Dictionary The Illustrated Bible Dictionary, better known as Easton's Bible Dictionary, is a reference work on topics related to the Christian Bible compiled by Matthew George Easton. The first edition was published in 1893, and a revised edition was published the following year. The most popular edition, however, was the third, published by Thomas Nelson in 1897, three years after Easton's death. The last contains nearly 4,000 entries relating to the Bible. Many of the entries in "Easton's" are encyclopedic in nature, although there are also short dictionary-type entries. Because of its age, it is now a public

neg: Catholicon (1286) should be distinguished from Lagadeuc's "Catholicon", a Latin-Breton-French dictionary compiled in 1464 by a priest of Tréguier called Jehan Lagadeuc which was published 5 November 1499 (the first printed French dictionary and the first ever trilingual dictionary). The "Catholicon" was one of the first books to be printed, using the new printing technology of Johannes Gutenberg, with the date 1460; it is unclear who did the printing though Gutenberg himself was once regarded as the printer responsible. It was printed with a newly cut bastarda, a small but easily readable, still gothically influenced, printing type, using sixty-six lines of forty

neg: Simonas Daukantas person, familiar with both classical and new western sources. He knew seven languages: Lithuanian, Russian, Polish, Latin, German, Latvian, and French. In addition to the brief Latin–Lithuanian dictionary published in 1838, Daukantas compiled three other dictionaries, but they were not published. Lithuanians still used the Polish–Latin–Lithuanian dictionary by Konstantinas Sirvydas first published in 1620. Therefore, Daukantas was not the only Lithuanian to start a new Polish–Lithuanian dictionary. Mikalojus Akelaitis, Laurynas Ivinskis, Dionizas Poška, Simonas Stanevičius, Kiprijonas Nezabitauskis, and others are known to have started compiling a dictionary but their works were similarly not published. Daukantas' entries did not provide lexicographic

neg: Glossary of jive talk campus". This was documented in works such as "Cab Calloway's Hepster's Dictionary: Language of Jive" (1939), which was the first dictionary published by a black person, and Dan Burley's "Original Handbook of Harlem Jive", which was compiled and published in 1944 at the suggestion of Harlem poet Langston Hughes. In 1953 Albert Lavada Durst published the "Jives of Dr Hep Cat", a collection of rhymes compiled during his stint at Austin's WVET where he did late night R&B. Besides referring to the music scene, much of the argot related to drugs such as marijuana. For example, Mezz Mezzrow gave this

neg: Lithuanian dictionaries Lithuanian dictionaries Lithuanian dictionaries, i.e., dictionaries of Lithuanian language have been printed since the first half of the 17th century. The first Lithuanian language dictionary was compiled by Konstantinas Sirvydas and printed in 1629 as a trilingual (Polish–Latin–Lithuanian) dictionary. Five editions of it were printed until 1713, but it was used and copied by other lexicographers until the 19th century. The first German–Lithuanian–German dictionary, to address the necessities of Lithuania Minor was published by Friedrich W. Haack in 1730. A better German–Lithuanian–German dictionary, with a sketch of grammar and history of the language, more words, and systematic orthography, was published

neg: Dictionary of Australian Biography Dictionary of Australian Biography The Dictionary of Australian Biography, published in 1949, is a reference work by Percival Serle containing information on notable people associated with Australian history. With approximately a thousand entries, the book took more than twenty years to complete. Published by Angus and Robertson, the dictionary was compiled as two volumes, Volume 1: A-K; and Volume 2: L-Z. The book contains 1,030 biographies of Australians, or people who were closely connected with Australia, who died before the end of 1942. According to Serle in his preface: The average length of the biographies is about 640 words. Serle

neg: Dictionary of Modern Written Arabic Dictionary of Modern Written Arabic The Dictionary of Modern Written Arabic is an Arabic-English dictionary compiled by Hans Wehr and edited by J Milton Cowan. First published in 1961 by Otto Harrassowitz in Wiesbaden, Germany, it was an enlarged and revised English version of Wehr's German "Arabisches Wörterbuch für die Schriftsprache der Gegenwart" ("Arabic dictionary for the contemporary written language") (1952) and its "Supplement" (1959). The Arabic-German dictionary was completed in 1945, but not published until 1952. Writing in the 1960s, a critic commented, "Of all the dictionaries of modern written Arabic, the work [in question] ... is the best."

neg: Dictionary of Modern Written Arabic as a compact "student" paperback published 1994 by Spoken Language Services, Inc. of Ithaca, NY. (). There is a more recent German edition available (5th edition). Dictionary of Modern Written Arabic The Dictionary of Modern Written Arabic is an Arabic-English dictionary compiled by Hans Wehr and edited by J Milton Cowan. First published in 1961 by Otto Harrassowitz in Wiesbaden, Germany, it was an enlarged and revised English version of Wehr's German "Arabisches Wörterbuch für die Schriftsprache der Gegenwart" ("Arabic dictionary for the contemporary written language") (1952) and its "Supplement" (1959). The Arabic-German dictionary was completed in 1945, but not

neg: Glossary of Japanese words of Portuguese origin a Western language, in the "Nippo Jisho" dictionary (, literally the "Japanese-Portuguese Dictionary") or "Vocabulario da Lingoa de Iapam" compiled by Portuguese Jesuit João Rodrigues, and published in Nagasaki in 1603, who also wrote a grammar "Arte da Lingoa de Iapam" . The dictionary of Japanese-Portuguese explained 32,000 Japanese words translated into Portuguese. Most of these words refer to the products and customs that first came to Japan via the Portuguese traders. Many of the first words which were introduced and entered the Japanese language from Portuguese and Dutch are written in "kanji" or "hiragana," rather than "katakana", which is

neg: Spurrell history of the town and compiled and published a Welsh-English dictionary (first published 1848) and an English-Welsh dictionary (first published 1850). Today's Collins Welsh dictionary is known as the "Collins Spurrell". A local housing authority in Carmarthen is named Heol Spurrell in honour of the family. Spurrell Avenue in Bexley, Kent, is named after Flaxman C. J. Spurrell. The Spurrell Charitable Trust makes donations to local causes in Norfolk. Spurrell Spurrell is a surname found in Norfolk, Wales and other parts of the United Kingdom, as well as in various countries around the world. It has been suggested that the

neg: The Oxford Dictionary of Quotations quotations in her book on the life of Charles Williams (one of the committee). Later editions of the "Dictionary" were published in 1953 and thereafter, the 6th edition appearing in 2004 (), the 7th in 2009 (), and the 8th in 2014 (), all edited by Elizabeth Knowles. The Oxford Dictionary of Quotations The Oxford Dictionary of Quotations, first published by the Oxford University Press in 1941, is an 1100-page book listing short quotations that are common in English language and culture. The book begins with a preface explaining the term "quotation". The dictionary has been compiled from extensive evidence

neg: A New English Dictionary Anglo-Britannicum" in 1708. The original title of the "Oxford English Dictionary" was "A New English Dictionary on Historical Principles", and it was sometimes given the abbreviation "NED", for "New English Dictionary". A New English Dictionary A New English Dictionary: or, a complete collection of the most proper and significant words, commonly used in the language was an English dictionary compiled by philologist John Kersey and first published in London in 1702. Unlike previous dictionaries, which had focused on documenting difficult words, "A New English Dictionary" was one of the first to focus on words in common usage. It was also

neg: Patrick S. Dinneen known work, however, is his Irish-English dictionary, "Foclóir Gaedhilge agus Béarla", which was first published in 1904. The stock and plates of the dictionary were destroyed during the Easter Rising of 1916, so Dinneen took the opportunity to expand the dictionary. A much larger second edition, compiled with the assistance of Liam S Gogan, was published in 1927. Dinneen's request to the Irish Texts Society to include Gogan's name on the title page was refused. Gogan continued to work on the collection of words up to his death in 1979. This complementary dictionary was published online in 2011. Fr Dinneen

neg: Kokborok the first modern Kókborok novel. It was published by the Kókborok Sahitya Sabha and Sanskriti Samsad in 1987. One major translation of the 20th century was the "Smai Kwtal", the New Testament of the Bible in Kókborok language, published in 1976 by the Bible Society of India. The 21st century began for Kókborok literature with the monumental work, the Anglo-Kókborok-Bengali Dictionary compiled by Binoy Deb Barma and published in 2002 A.D. by the Kókborok tei Hukumu Mission. This is the 2nd edition of his previous ground breaking dictionary published in 1996 and is a trilingual dictionary. Twiprani Laihbuma (The Rajmala

neg: Chinese dictionary as the standard Chinese dictionary for generations, is still published and is now online. Contemporary lexicography is divisible between bilingual and monolingual Chinese dictionaries. The foreigners who entered China in late Ming and Qing Dynasties needed dictionaries for different purposes than native speakers. Wanting to learn Chinese, they compiled the first grammar books and bilingual dictionaries. Westerners adapted the Latin alphabet to represent Chinese pronunciation, and arranged their dictionaries accordingly. Two Bible translators edited early Chinese dictionaries. The Scottish missionary Robert Morrison wrote A Dictionary of the Chinese Language (1815–1823). The British missionary Walter Henry Medhurst wrote a Hokkien (Min

neg: Jérôme Lulling Peters, compiled and edited the first Luxembourgish-French dictionary, "Dictionnaire Bilingue Français-Luxembourgeois", which was published in 2005. The text consisted of 48,000 translated words and phrases. Lulling is also the co-author of Luxdico, the Luxembourgish online dictionary. Lulling has also co-authored two academic papers relating to Luxembourgish: "Eng Kleng Hëllef fir Lëtzebuergesch ze schreiwen" (2001). and "Introduction à l’orthographe luxembourgeoise" In 2011 Lulling published a DVD to learn Luxembourgish called 'LuxDVD - learning luxembourgish with videos' Jérôme Lulling Jérôme Lulling is a linguist from Luxembourg who has been a leading figure in preservation and educational efforts relating to the Luxembourgish language,

neg: Simonas Daukantas published by Jan Litwiński in 1815. Around 1842–1850, he worked on compiling a Lithuanian–Latin dictionary. The unfinished work contains 3,977 words and stops at the word "Gwĩldós". Around 1850–1855, Daukantas compiled a three-volume 2,280-page Polish–Lithuanian dictionary. It is unfinished and, according to the count by Jonas Kruopas, contains 56,567 Polish words but only 37,677 Lithuanian equivalents. For the base list of Polish words, Daukantas used the Polish–French dictionary by published in 1847. The manuscript of the last dictionary was transferred by Daukantas' relatives to the Lithuanian Scientific Society in 1911. There it was studied by Kazimieras Būga who picked out

neg: A New English Dictionary A New English Dictionary A New English Dictionary: or, a complete collection of the most proper and significant words, commonly used in the language was an English dictionary compiled by philologist John Kersey and first published in London in 1702. Unlike previous dictionaries, which had focused on documenting difficult words, "A New English Dictionary" was one of the first to focus on words in common usage. It was also the first to be written by a professional lexicographer. Kersey later continued his lexicographic career by enlarging Edward Phillips' "The New World of English Words" in 1706 and editing the "Dictionarium

neg: Christianity in Assam was the main leader of the movement against government enforcing Bengali language as the official language in courts, school in Assam. In 1867, using Jaduram baruah's scripting, he published the first Assamese and English dictionary. The dictionary contained around 14 thousands words and published from Baptist Missionary Press, Sibsagar. This dictionary was another strong step in support of Assamese language. Bronson also started the translation of Bible to Assamese. Nidhiram, the first Assamese convert, was baptised by Bronson on June 13, 1841. Khasi and Garo are notable ethnic groups with a large Christian population. The Evangelical Lutheran Church in the

neg: Dictionary words with careful distinctions, compiled by William Lloyd. Elisha Coles published his "English Dictionary" in 1676. It was not until Samuel Johnson's "A Dictionary of the English Language" (1755) that a more reliable English dictionary was produced. Many people today mistakenly believe that Johnson wrote the first English dictionary: a testimony to this legacy. By this stage, dictionaries had evolved to contain textual references for most words, and were arranged alphabetically, rather than by topic (a previously popular form of arrangement, which meant all animals would be grouped together, etc.). Johnson's masterwork could be judged as the first to bring

neg: Who's Who in New Zealand Who's Who in New Zealand The Who's Who in New Zealand, originally called the Who's Who in New Zealand and the Western Pacific, is a collection of biographies that was first published in 1908, and the latest version is from 1991. The first edition was edited by the journalist and historian Guy Scholefield in association with Emil Schwabe. This was the first of a series of publications containing biographies compiled and edited by Scholefield, and it formed the basis for his later book "Dictionary of New Zealand Biography", published in two volumes in 1940. The "Who's Who" contained, according to

neg: Serampore Mission Press A Grammar of the Bengali Language compiled by Carey was first published in 1801. Carey’s Bengali dictionary in three volumes was first published in 1825. Other texts published in Bengali are The Butrisha-Singhasun in 1802, Bengali translations from the original Sanskrit of The Moogdhubodha and The Hitopudesha, Raja Vuli in 1838, The Gooroodukhina in 1818 and a Bengali translation of a collection of Sanskrit phrases titled Kubita Rutnakar. In 1826 A Dictionary and Grammar of the Bhotanta or Bhutan Language was published. A Comparative Vocabulary of the Burman, Malayau and Thai Languages was published in 1810 in Malay, Siamese and

neg: Scottish Gaelic dictionaries 1699-1700 contained substantial wordlists for Argyll and Inverness-shire dialects which, however, were not published until much later. Some 40 years later, the Society in Scotland for Propagating Christian Knowledge published a title called "Leabhar a Theagasc Ainminnin" ("A book for the teaching of names") in 1741, compiled by Alasdair mac Mhaighstir Alasdair. Timeline The first dictionary in the modern sense was published in 1780 by the Rev. William Shaw, the "Galic and English Dictionary", which contained a large percentage of Irish terms. This was quickly followed by Robert MacFarlane's small-scale dictionary, "Nuadh Fhoclair Gaidhlig agus Beurla" ("New Gaelic and English

neg: A Dictionary of the English Language it alone – set out to satisfy and capitalise on this need by the ever-increasing reading and writing public. Johnson's dictionary was not the first English dictionary, nor even among the first dozen. Over the previous 150 years more than twenty dictionaries had been published in England, the oldest of these being a Latin-English "wordbook" by Sir Thomas Elyot published in 1538. The next to appear was by Richard Mulcaster, a headmaster, in 1583. Mulcaster compiled what he termed "a generall table [of eight thousand words] we commonlie use...[yet] It were a thing verie praise worthy...if som well learned...would gather

neg: Fitz-Greene Halleck fired off their guns next to his left ear; he was partially deaf for the remainder of his life. As a boy, Halleck attended the Academy on Guilford Green, whose schoolmaster was then Samuel Johnson, Junior, the compiler of "A School Dictionary", the first dictionary both compiled and published in the United States. Halleck was a favorite of Johnson, who gave him a copy of Thomas Campbell's first book of poems, "The Pleasures of Hope", which was Halleck's first personal book. He left school at 15 to work in his family's shop in Guilford. In May 1811, the 20-year-old Halleck

neg: Alexander Chalmers' General Biographical Dictionary Alexander Chalmers' General Biographical Dictionary The General Biographical Dictionary was a bestselling book of the early 19th century, compiled by British author Alexander Chalmers. It is the work on which Chalmers' fame as a biographer mainly rests. The "Dictionary" was an enlarged edition of the "New and General Biographical Dictionary", which was first published in eleven volumes in 1761. Other editions of this compilation appeared in 1784 and in 1798–1810. The latter, in fifteen volumes, was edited (first five) by William Tooke, and (last ten) by Archdeacon Nares and William Beloe. Then Chalmers's edition had as full title "The General

neg: John Gorton's General Biographical Dictionary its first edition. It was one of the few books of its time to provide a comprehensive listing of biographies. John Gorton's General Biographical Dictionary The General Biographical Dictionary is a bestselling book by British author John Gorton. The first edition was published in two volumes in 1828, with an appendix. A new edition that brought the work current as far as 1850 was published in four volumes in 1851. This edition featured a supplement by Cyrus Redding. It "is compiled from rather obvious sources of information". It "has an extended Life of Athanasius, well drawn up". The book was

neg: The Imperial Dictionary of the English Language the "Century Dictionary and Cyclopedia", published 1889–1891. An adaptation of the "Imperial" by George W. Ogilvie, called "Webster's Imperial Dictionary", was published in 1904, versions and revisions of which have been issued under various titles, including "Webster's Universal Dictionary" and "Webster's Twentieth Century Dictionary". The Imperial Dictionary of the English Language The Imperial Dictionary of the English Language: "A Complete Encyclopedic Lexicon, Literary, Scientific, and Technological", edited by Rev. John Ogilvie (1797–1867), was an expansion of the 1841 second edition of Noah Webster's "American Dictionary". It was published by W. G. Blackie and Co. of Scotland, 1847–1850 in two large

neg: Tabu Taid Bhaxar Banan Poddhoti" (an orthography) and "Mising Gompir Kumsung" (a 900-page dictionary). He has written widely in periodicals in Assamese, English and his native tribal language, Mising. There are two volumes of his collected articles, "Ekunki Nibondho" ("Bouquet of Articles") and "Glimpses". 'Banikanta Kakati, the Man and his Works' was compiled and edited by Prof. Tabu Ram Taid and Prof. Ranjit Kumar Dev Goswami in 1987 and published by the Publication Board, Assam. He authored 'A Dictionary of the Mising Language' which was the very first dictionary of the Mising language (published in 1995 by an association of Mising language

neg: Afrikaans was only published and printed in 1877. The first Afrikaans grammars and dictionaries were published in 1875 by the ' ("Society for Real Afrikaners") in Cape Town. The main Afrikaans dictionary is the ' (WAT) ("Dictionary of the Afrikaans Language"), which is as yet incomplete owing to the scale of the project, but the one-volume dictionary in household use is the ' (HAT). The official orthography of Afrikaans is the ", compiled by . The Afrikaner religion had stemmed from the Protestant practices of the Reformed church of Holland during the 17th century, later on being influenced in South Africa

neg: An Universal Etymological English Dictionary An Universal Etymological English Dictionary An Universal Etymological English Dictionary was a dictionary compiled by Nathan Bailey (or Nathaniel Bailey) and first published in London in 1721. It was the most popular English dictionary of the eighteenth century. As an indicator of its popularity it reached its 20th edition in 1763 and its 27th edition in 1794. Its last edition (30th) was in 1802. It was a little over 900 pages long. In compiling his dictionary, Bailey borrowed greatly from John Kersey's "Dictionarium Anglo-Britannicum" (1706), which in turn drew from the later editions of Edward Phillips's "The New World of

neg: New Zealand English a British research facility set up at the University of Birmingham in 1980 and funded by Collins publishers. Although this is a British dictionary of International English there has always been a credited New Zealand advisor for the New Zealand content, namely Professor Ian Gordon from 1979 until 2002 and Professor Elizabeth Gordon from the University of Canterbury since 2003. New Zealand-specific dictionaries compiled from the "Collins English Dictionary" include the "Collins New Zealand Concise English Dictionary" (1982), "Collins New Zealand School Dictionary" (1999) and "Collins New Zealand Paperback Dictionary" (2009.) Australia's "Macquarie Dictionary" was first published in 1981, and

neg: Hendrik van der Veen Van der Veen also compiled a Toraja-Dutch dictionary, published in 1940; translated the Old Testament from 1947–1955; completed the entire translation of the Old Testament and the New Testament into the Toraja language, eventually known as "Sura Madatu", and published in 1960; and began work on a Toraja-Indonesian dictionary. This dictionary was not completed by van der Veen, and ultimately continued by J. Tammu and L. Pakan. Hendrik van der Veen Hendrik van der Veen (born July 21, 1888 in Rossum, Bommelerwaard, Netherlands) was a Dutch missionary worker and linguist who worked in Tana Toraja, Dutch East Indies. The son

neg: Universal Dictionary of Violin & Bow Makers unsourced and possibly inflated descriptions of luthiers in the United States. Nonetheless, the dictionary, at the time of publishing, was among several during the decade that complemented a seminal earlier lexicon, "The Violin and Lute Makers From the Middle Ages to the Present," by (1856–1937), published in 1922. Others included one by a Belgian musicologist René Vannes (1888–1956), compiled two editions of a Dictionary (1951 & 1959). Also, Chicago violinist Joseph Roda (1894–1963) compiled a seminal book with detailed illustrations by Gladys Mickel Bell (1901–1992) about bows and bow makers (1959). German luthier Fridolin Hamma (1881–1969) from Stuttgart compiled a

neg: The Petroleum Dictionary The Petroleum Dictionary The Petroleum Dictionary is a dictionary covering terms used in the American oil industry. It was compiled by Lalia Phipps Boone and was first published by the University of Oklahoma Press in 1952. "The Petroleum Dictionary" contains short definitions for around 6,000 terms used in the oil industry in America, with a particular focus on slang. It is intended as a record of the history of these colloquialisms, rather than a reference work for individuals in the petroleum industry. Writing in the "Journal of Geology", G. Frederick Shepherd from the General American Oil Company of Texas commented

neg: Nichi-Ran jiten Honor (1928) as well. Van de Stadt also compiled the Chinese dictionary "Hakka woordenboek", Batavia landsdrukkerij, The Hague, 1912 ("ibid."). Nichi-Ran jiten Nichi-Ran jiten (in Kyūjitai: 日蘭辭典) is a Japanese–Dutch dictionary compiled by Peter Adriaan van de Stadt and originally published by the Taiwanese branch of "Nan'yō Kyōkai" in 1934. It has about 33,800 entries. As of 2011, a second edition has not been published, but at least one facsimile edition was published in 1989 by the current "Nan'yō Kyōkai", now based in Tokyo. While the "Nichi-Ran jiten" was published only in 1934, its compilation had already been finished in

neg: Watkins Biographical Dictionary Watkins Biographical Dictionary Watkins's Biographical Dictionary, also called The Universal Biographical Dictionary, was originally published in 1800, with a second edition in 1825, as "An Historical Account of the lives, characters and works of the most eminent persons in every age and nation, from the earliest times to the present". It was compiled by John Watkins, LL.D., and published by Longman, Rees Orme, Brown and Green. The dictionary is notable for its entry on the philosopher David Hume, which notes that "he published [the "Treatise"] in London in 1738, but its reception not answering his expectations, he printed a small

neg: Pali Text Society 1925 by the new dictionary which had largely been compiled by T. W. Rhys Davids over 40 years, but was finished by his student William Stede. Currently another dictionary is being compiled by Margaret Cone, with the first of three volumes (A - Kh) published in 2001. By 1922, when T. W. Rhys Davids died, the "Pāli Text Society" had issued 64 separate texts in 94 volumes exceeding 26,000 pages, as well a range of articles by English and European scholars. In 1994 the Pāli Text Society inaugurated the Fragile Palm Leaves project, an attempt to catalogue and preserve Buddhist

neg: The New World of English Words our own countrymen, for all persons that would rightly understand what they discourse, write, or read " The New World of English Words The New World of English Words, or, a General Dictionary is a dictionary compiled by Edward Phillips and first published in London in 1658. It was the first folio English dictionary. As well as containing common words, the dictionary featured many unusual words, foreign terms, proper nouns and other specialist terms. In total, the original edition featured 11,000 entries, increasing to 17,000 by the fifth edition in 1696. It was later revised and enlarged by John Kersey

neg: An Outline Dictionary of Maya Glyphs in 2003. An Outline Dictionary of Maya Glyphs An Outline Dictionary of Maya Glyphs: With a Concordance and Analysis of Their Relationships is a monograph study of the Maya script by William E. Gates, first published in 1931. The inventory of glyphs used in Gates' analysis was compiled and drawn from the Madrid, Dresden and Paris codices, rather than from monumental inscriptions and stelae. It was published at a time when the Maya script remained wholly undeciphered and the type of writing system the script represented was unknown and much debated among Mayanists. Gates' work represented one of the major

neg: An Outline Dictionary of Maya Glyphs An Outline Dictionary of Maya Glyphs An Outline Dictionary of Maya Glyphs: With a Concordance and Analysis of Their Relationships is a monograph study of the Maya script by William E. Gates, first published in 1931. The inventory of glyphs used in Gates' analysis was compiled and drawn from the Madrid, Dresden and Paris codices, rather than from monumental inscriptions and stelae. It was published at a time when the Maya script remained wholly undeciphered and the type of writing system the script represented was unknown and much debated among Mayanists. Gates' work represented one of the major attempts in

neg: John Gorton's General Biographical Dictionary John Gorton's General Biographical Dictionary The General Biographical Dictionary is a bestselling book by British author John Gorton. The first edition was published in two volumes in 1828, with an appendix. A new edition that brought the work current as far as 1850 was published in four volumes in 1851. This edition featured a supplement by Cyrus Redding. It "is compiled from rather obvious sources of information". It "has an extended Life of Athanasius, well drawn up". The book was one among several books of similar name that were available in the 19th century, and has remained in print since

neg: A Dictionary of Modern Slang, Cant, and Vulgar Words A Dictionary of Modern Slang, Cant, and Vulgar Words A Dictionary of Modern Slang, Cant and Vulgar Words is a dictionary of slang originally compiled by publisher and lexicographer John Camden Hotten in 1859. The first edition was published in 1859, with the full title and subtitle: "A dictionary of modern slang, cant, and vulgar words: used at the present day in the streets of London, the universities of Oxford and Cambridge, the houses of Parliament, the dens of St. Giles, and the palaces of St. James : preceded by a history of cant and vulgar language : with glossaries

neg: History of Assamese literature Dictionary Chandrakanta Abhidhan, a comprehensive bilingual dictionary with words and their meanings in Assamese and English, originally compiled and published by Asam Sahitya Sabha in 1933, 32 years after the publication of the "Hem Kosh". The dictionary contains 36,816 words in all. A third edition of this dictionary was also published by the University of Guwahati in 1987 duly edited by Dr. Maheswar Neog and Dr. Upendranath Goswami. Another Assamese dictionary called "Adhunik Asamiya Abhidhan" has been published by Assam Prakasan Parishad in 1977 under the editorship of Dr. Maheswar Neog, Rajanikanta Deva Sarma and Nava Kanta Baruah. The Asam

neg: Mysore literature in Kannada of the printing press and English language education had a positive effect on Kannada prose. Periodicals and newspapers were published for the first time. The first Kannada language book was printed in 1817 and the first Bible in 1820. Grammar books and dictionaries, meant to help the missionaries in their effort in spreading Christianity, became available. Rev. W. Reeve compiled the earliest English-Kannada dictionary in 1824 followed by a Kannada-English dictionary in 1832, though the best-known work is an 1894 publication by Rev. Ferdinand Kittel. Rev. William Carrey published the earliest Kannada grammar in 1817. The influence of English literature

neg: Hindko has arranged a number of mega events to raise awareness among the Hindkowans about the importance of their language and culture. The board seeks respect for and due attention to all the languages spoken in Gandhara. In 2003 the Gandhara Hindko Board published first a Hindko dictionary which was compiled by a prominent linguists from Abbottabad, Sultan Sakoon. The board published a second more comprehensive Hindko dictionary in 2007 prepared by Elahi Bakhsh Awan of the University of London. He is the author of Sarzamin e Hindko, and Hindko Sautiyat. His three booklets on Hindko phonology were published by the

neg: Goan Catholic literature for converts. The origin of their literature dates to 1563 when the first Konkani grammar was published by Fr.Andre Vaz at St.Paulo College at Old Goa. Konkani language had its first "Konkani-Portuguese dictionary" in 1567. Missionary priests of Rachol Seminary compiled the first ever dictionary in any Indian language giving 15000 Konkani words and their vocables in Portuguese. Konkani was known as "Canarim" in early Portuguese writings on Goa. In 1622, Thomas Stephens (1549–1619) an English Jesuit published "Doutrina Christam em lingoa Bramana Canarim, ordenada a maneira de dialogo, pera ensinar os mininos, por Thomas Estevao, Collegio de Rachol 1622"

neg: The Quince Tree Press to be the author of "Welbourn's Dictionary of Prelates, Parsons, etc", as Welbourn was his mother's maiden name. The compiler of two dictionaries of eponymous terms, A. J. Forrest, was a cricket writer, while the only biographical information provided about Mr R. G. E. Sandbach, who compiled the Dictionary of Astonishing British Animals, was that he lived in Tunbridge Wells. Carr said that he was planning other dictionaries and a dictionary of Alchemists is listed inside the back cover of "Forrest's Dictionary of Eponymous Places" but, according to Robert Carr, it was never published. The Dictionaries are listed below in

neg: Frances Cashel Hoey for "Land at Last" (1866), "Black Sheep" (1867), "Forlorn Hope" (1867), "Rock Ahead" (1868), and "A Righted Wrong" (1870). These five novels were published under the name of Edmund Yates. Hoey was sole author of the last work. Eventually, the secret of her authorship was revealed, and she also helped Yates in 1874 to plan, and then write, "The World". P. D. Edwards in the "Oxford Dictionary of National Biography" describes this account, circulated by Anthony Trollope who held a grudge against Yates, as "probably spurious". Hoey was a reader for publishers at various times, and was the first to

neg: John C. Wells compiled media references to Estuary English, although he was sceptical of the concept. After retirement, Wells ran a regular blog on phonetic topics from March 2006 to April 2013. He announced the end of his blog on 22 April 2013 saying, "if I have nothing new to say, then the best plan is to stop talking." Wells was appointed by Longman to write its pronunciation dictionary, the first edition of which was published in 1990. There had not been a pronunciation dictionary published in the United Kingdom since 1977, when Alfred C. Gimson published his last (the 14th) edition of

neg: Catholicon (trilingual dictionary) is an English-Latin dictionary compiled at very nearly the same time in England. The "Catholicon Armoricum" is also to be distinguished from the "Catholicon" of John of Genoa a dictionary dated late 13th century written in Italy. Catholicon (trilingual dictionary) Catholicon (from Greek Καθολικόν, meaning "universal") is a 15th-century Breton-French-Latin dictionary. It is the first Breton dictionary and also the first French dictionary. It contains six thousand entries and was compiled in 1464 by the Breton priest Jehan Lagadeuc. It was printed in 1499 in Tréguier. A manuscript of the dictionary is preserved in the national library in Paris identified

neg: Horace Hayman Wilson in 1811 appointed secretary to the Asiatic Society of Bengal. In 1813 he published the Sanskrit text with a graceful, if somewhat free, translation in English rhymed verse of Kalidasa's charming lyrical poem, the "Meghaduuta", or Cloud-Messenger. He prepared the first "Sanskrit-English Dictionary" (1819) from materials compiled by native scholars, supplemented by his own researches. This work was only superseded by the "Sanskritwörterbuch" (1853–1876) of Rudolf Roth and Otto von Böhtlingk, who expressed their obligations to Wilson in the preface to their great work. He was interested in Ayurveda and traditional Indian medical and surgical practices. He compiled the local

neg: Dorset dialect Another poet who wrote in the local dialect was Robert Young whose work includes, ""Rabin Hill's Visit to the Railway: What he Zeed and Done, and What he Zed About It"", published in two parts in 1864, and ""Rabin Hill's Excursion to Western-Super-Mare to see the Opening of the New Peir"", published in 1867. Thomas Hardy, the renowned Dorset novelist, contributed Dorset dialect words to Joseph Wright’s ""English Dialect Dictionary"" and the ""Oxford English Dictionary"". Hardy also had his poetry published but used a mixture of Dorset dialect and standard English. Instead of writing in the Dorset dialect, like Barnes

neg: Mathews' Chinese-English Dictionary Introduction on Pronunciation. The dictionary was reduced in size from 8x11 to 7x10 inches. In 1944, Harvard University Press also published "Mathews' Chinese-English Dictionary Revised English Index". By 1984, the Press had sold more than 45,000 copies of Mathew's dictionary (Hall 1986: 84). Up through the 1970s, English-speaking students of Chinese relied chiefly on Mathews' "Chinese-English Dictionary" (Norman 1988: 173). Scholars published several companion pieces for "Mathews". Tse-tsung Chow (周策縱) of the University of Wisconsin compiled (1972) "A New Index to Mathews' Chinese-English Dictionary, Based on the "Chung" system for Arranging Chinese Characters", referring to the obsolescent "zhōng" 衷 indexing

neg: Oxford Latin Dictionary after AD 200 has drawn criticism from its users. Lewis and Short's coverage of late and ecclesiastical Latin (if inconsistent), combined with the fact that this dictionary is freely available online, has meant that it has remained in continuous use. The "Thesaurus Linguae Latinae" is far more ambitious than the OLD, but after more than 100 years only two thirds of this comprehensive dictionary has been published. Oxford Latin Dictionary The Oxford Latin Dictionary (or OLD) is the standard English lexicon of Classical Latin, compiled from sources written before AD 200. Begun in 1933, it was published in fascicles between

neg: The Oxford Dictionary of Quotations The Oxford Dictionary of Quotations The Oxford Dictionary of Quotations, first published by the Oxford University Press in 1941, is an 1100-page book listing short quotations that are common in English language and culture. The book begins with a preface explaining the term "quotation". The dictionary has been compiled from extensive evidence of the quotations that are actually used in the way they have been listed. This book is not—like many quotations dictionaries—a subjective anthology of the editor’s favourite quotations, but an objective selection of the quotations which are most widely known and used. Popularity and familiarity are the main

neg: Dictionarium quatuor linguarum Dictionarium quatuor linguarum Dictionarium quatuor linguarum (The Dictionary of Four Languages) is a 16th-century book by the German polymath Hieronymus Megiser that includes a multilingual dictionary and a multilingual grammar of Italian, Slovene, German, and Latin. It also includes some Croatian words. It was compiled and published in 1592 in Graz (Austria), then part of the Habsburg Monarchy. The dictionary is the first multilingual dictionary of Slovene. The appendix, named "Exempla aliquot declinationum et coniugationium" (Some examples of declensions and conjugations) contains some grammar of the included languages and has been recognised as the second grammar of Slovene and the

neg: Irish lexicography reference work of Old and Middle Irish, and Ó Dónaill’s Foclóir Gaeilge-Béarla (1977). A considerable number of terminological dictionaries, dictionaries relating to specific dialects, dictionaries for school use and pocket dictionaries were also published in the last century. Two dictionaries were also produced containing Irish and a language other than English for the first time since Plunkett’s dictionary in the 17th century. These were Risteárd de Hae’s Irish-French dictionary (1952) and the Irish-Breton dictionary compiled by Loeiz Andouard agus Éamon Ó Ciosáin (1987). The diversification of Irish lexicography has continued since the turn of the century, with an Irish-Spanish dictionary

neg: Dictionary of Western Australians information and interest grew it was decided to produce it in published form. Using the "Western Australian Biographical Index" its source, the "Dictionary" series was produced in five volumes, the first three of which were published in time for Western Australia's sesquicentennial year of European settlement in 1979. The fourth and fifth volumes were published in 1985 and 1987. The five volumes were entitled: Volume 1 was based largely on an extensive card index catalogue which had been collected over many years by Hazel Statham, and compiled by her daughter Pamela Statham. It covered the period of free settlement up

neg: An Oriental Biographical Dictionary he was a clerk in the office of the Board of Revenue of the North West Provinces and evidently a knowledgeable amateur historian. According to Keene's preface to the 1894 edition of the work, Beale had never been in Europe and died at an advanced age in Agra, 1875. He was also the author of a historical work in Persian, "", published in 1867. An Oriental Biographical Dictionary An Oriental Biographical Dictionary (original title "The Oriental Biographical Dictionary") was an important biographical dictionary of the Islamic, Persian and Indian worlds by Thomas William Beale, published posthumously by The Asiatic Society

neg: Interlingua dictionaries Interlingua dictionaries Interlingua dictionaries are notable for their comprehensiveness; they tend to be larger than for other auxiliary languages. Some of the larger dictionaries are presented here. The first Interlingua dictionary, titled "Interlingua–English: A Dictionary of the International language", is often referred to simply as the "Interlingua–English Dictionary" (IED). First published in 1951, the IED still serves as an authoritative reference work, partly because its entries display the etymological connections between words which are often obscured in other languages. The IED was compiled by Alexander Gode and his research staff. The 27,000 words of the IED are supplemented by the

neg: New Oxford American Dictionary New Oxford American Dictionary The New Oxford American Dictionary (NOAD) is a single-volume dictionary of American English compiled by American editors at the Oxford University Press. "NOAD" is based upon the "New Oxford Dictionary of English" ("NODE"), published in the United Kingdom in 1998, although with substantial editing, additional entries, and the inclusion of illustrations. It is based on a corpus linguistics analysis of Oxford's 200 million word database of contemporary American English. "NOAD" includes a diacritical respelling scheme to convey pronunciations, as opposed to the Gimson phonemic IPA system that is used in "NODE". Published in September 2001, the

neg: A Chinese-English Dictionary I at once began upon a dictionary of my own. (Aylmer 1997: 15-16) Provoked by the American missionary Williams, Giles devoted himself to publishing a new dictionary that "was meant to bring the glory of having compiled the best Chinese-English dictionary back from America to England" (Yang 2014: 317). Five years later, Giles published a 40-page brochure (1879) "On some Translations and Mistranslations in Dr. Williams' Syllabic Dictionary" that was reported extensively among English-language newspapers published in China (Aylmer 1997: 21). "I was badly mauled" in the "Daily Press (Hong Kong)", "received unstinted praise" in the "North China Daily News",

neg: History of the Székely people of Marosvásárhely. Sándor Kőrösi Csoma, who left Székely Land for Central Asia to search for the Hungarians' ancient homeland, compiled the first Tibetan-English dictionary. Sándor Farkas Bölöni published a book about his journeys in England and the United States, describing the latter as the country of "common sense". Székely noblemen and scholars who adopted the ideas of Liberalism demanded the unification of Hungary and Transylvania. However, Conservative noblemen headed the seats. A group of young artists and scholars published the reform program of the radical delegates of the Diet of Hungary without official authorization in Buda (the capital of Hungary)

neg: Nippo Jisho Nippo Jisho The or "Vocabvlario da Lingoa de Iapam" ("Vocabulário da Língua do Japão" in modern Portuguese; "Vocabulary of the Language of Japan" in English) was a Japanese to Portuguese dictionary compiled by Jesuit missionaries and published in Nagasaki, Japan, in 1603. Containing entries for 32,293 Japanese words in Portuguese, it was the first dictionary of Japanese to a European language. Only four copies of the original 1603 edition exist. Facsimile editions were published in Japan in 1960 by Iwanami Shoten and again in 1973 and 1975 by Bensey Publishing. The Bensey reproduction is generally considered the clearer and more

neg: Japanese dictionary In the present day, four major English–Japanese dictionaries are available. Second, the history of Japanese–English dictionaries began during the Meiji Restoration at the end of the Edo period. The American missionary James Curtis Hepburn edited "A Japanese and English Dictionary with an English and Japanese Index" (和英語林集成, Shanghai, American Presbyterian Press, 1867), with 20,722 Japanese-English and 10,030 English-Japanese words, on 702 pages. Although designed to be used by missionaries in Japan, this first Japanese–English dictionary was so popular among the Japanese that nine editions were published by 1910. "An Unabridged Japanese–English Dictionary, with copious illustrations" (和英大辞典, Sanseido, 1896), edited by

neg: William Reeve (missionary) 1843. He then suffered a complete loss of sight, and moved to Bristol. He died in 1850. William Reeve (missionary) William Reeve (1794-1850) was a London Missionary Society missionary to India, author of an early dictionary of the Kannada language, and translator with John Hands of the Bible into Kannada. The dictionary was compiled from 1827 to 1834, when he was in Bangalore. His connection with the Society ceased November 23, 1835. William Reeve was the first to compile the Canarese - English dictionary, which was published in 1858, by the Wesleyan Mission Press, financially supported by Sir. Mark Cubbon

neg: William Reeve (missionary) William Reeve (missionary) William Reeve (1794-1850) was a London Missionary Society missionary to India, author of an early dictionary of the Kannada language, and translator with John Hands of the Bible into Kannada. The dictionary was compiled from 1827 to 1834, when he was in Bangalore. His connection with the Society ceased November 23, 1835. William Reeve was the first to compile the Canarese - English dictionary, which was published in 1858, by the Wesleyan Mission Press, financially supported by Sir. Mark Cubbon the British Resident of Mysore Reeve was minister of the Congregational church at Oswestry, from 1836 to

neg: Thomas Aquinas Dictionary bibliographies of reference material on Thomas Aquinas. The "Thomas Aquinas Dictionary" was published by the Philosophical Library in 1965, with a British edition published the same year by Vision. It is one of a series of quotation dictionaries compiled by editor Morris Stockhammer, the others covering Immanuel Kant, Karl Marx and Plato. The "Dictionary" contains quotations from the works of Thomas Aquinas, arranged under an alphabetical list of keywords, beginning with "Abstinence" and ending with "Zeal". Each entry lists quotations containing the word; the length of the quotations is generally one sentence. The dictionary does not contain any additional commentary

neg: William Smith (lexicographer) legal studies for a post at University College School and began to write on classical subjects. Smith next turned his attention to lexicography. His first attempt was "A Dictionary of Greek and Roman Antiquities", which appeared in 1842, the greater part being written by him. Then followed the "Dictionary of Greek and Roman Biography and Mythology" in 1849. A parallel "Dictionary of Greek and Roman Geography" appeared in 1857, with some leading scholars of the day associated with the task. In 1867, he became editor of the "Quarterly Review", a post he held until his death. Meanwhile, he published the

neg: Cooperative Dictionary of the Rhinelandic Colloquial Language shift of everydays spoken language. In order to research and document the colloquial language of the Rhineland in various publications, regular polls were made over the years, always asking for both specific and more general linguistic information on language use from a large number of volunteers via pre-compiled questionnaires focusing of varying types of information. So, among many others tasks, new maps of word use could be drawn and published, and both stability, and movement, of several isoglosses could be shown. In part, research results were published on the ARLs website, too. The Cooperative Dictionary is the first attempt to