query: when did the us start fighting germany in ww2

pos: Military history of the United States during World War II for a second front against the Germans. General Dwight Eisenhower commanded the assault on North Africa, and Major General George Patton struck at Casablanca. The United States did not have a smooth entry into the war against Nazi Germany. Early in 1943, the U.S. Army suffered a near-disastrous defeat at the Battle of the Kasserine Pass in February. The senior Allied leadership was primarily to blame for the loss as internal bickering between American General Lloyd Fredendall and the British led to mistrust and little communication, causing inadequate troop placements. The defeat could be considered a major turning point, however,

pos: Zalužnica called themselves četniks. Their priority was the protection of the village from the NDH's Ustaše forces. Over time, they became embroiled with the broader regional conflict that involved multiple other fighting forces including Italian and German armies, the Ustaša and the communist Yugoslav Partisans under Josip Broz Tito. Some people from the village later joined the partisans and it was not uncommon for families to be split between četniks and partisans. When the Allies switched logistical and armament support to the partisans in late 1943, the četniks were effectively forced to leave. At the end of WW2 the partisans re-established

pos: 542nd Parachute Infantry Regiment (United States) The US Airborne in WW2 542nd Parachute Infantry Regiment (United States) The 542nd Parachute Infantry Regiment was a regiment of the US Army during the World War II. Originally formed as a fully fledged regiment, the unit was later downsized to a Battalion and kept in Reserve in the United States until mid-1945 when it was deactivated. The 542nd Parachute Infantry Regiment came into existence on 1 September 1943 under the command of William T. Ryder, then a Lt. Colonel fresh from a tour of combat with the 82nd Airborne Division. The unit was formed in a Regimental Tent Encampment

pos: Foggia Airfield Complex HQ can be seen, as well as possibly Officers mess building, now a two-storey building. Runway, taxiway composed of concrete reinforced with large limestone pebbles still showing near the start of old runway. Used by 241 Squadron RAF (Spitfires) December 1943 – May 1944 and afterwards by parts of Italian Anti-cobelligerent Air Force, and Yugoslav Air Force till end of war. Campomarino council has now put up signs for all five of airfields in the immediate area, and has erected memorials to "All airmen who flew from Biferno, Canne, Madna, Ramitelli, and Nuova airfields during WW2". (Verified June 2016, when

neg: Division (military) both, or even some other class of armored fighting vehicles designed for the transportation of infantry. Mechanized Infantry divisions in Nazi Germany were called Panzergrenadier Divisions. In Russia they were known as Motor Rifle Divisions. Because of the ease and simplicity involved in forming divisions of infantry compared to other formations, Infantry divisions have often been the most numerous in historical warfare. Most US divisions during WW2 were Infantry divisions. Infantry divisions were also expected to travel by foot from place to place, with transport vehicles or pack horses used to augment their travel. During 1944, Nazi Germany introduced Volksgrenadier

neg: Axis & Allies (1998 video game) Axis & Allies (1998 video game) Axis & Allies is a 1998 computer wargame closely based on the "Axis and Allies: Classic" board game. Players take control of one of five world powers at the start of 1942 in WW2, grouped into the opposing factions of the Allies (US, UK, and USSR) and the Axis (Germany and Japan). Victory conditions are set at the start of the game: complete world domination, the capture of enemy capitals, or reaching a set level of economic power by the Axis. The game is turn-based, with the USSR turn first, and the USA turn

neg: Roman salute Youth Organization and later by the government as well as common people – and used even while fighting against Italy and Germany in WW2. In Spain, on April 27, 1937, General Francisco Franco formally approved the salute in a decree which made it the official salutation to be used by all except the military, who would continue to use the traditional military salutes. This was repealed in September 1945. When the Franco regime restored "Marcha Real" as the Spanish national anthem in 1942 and established new lyrics for it, the first stanza referred to the fascist salute: "Alzad los brazos,

neg: Michel catalog the complex WW2 era stamps of Germany, occupied territories, and provisional stamps. Unlike Scott, Michel does not issue a complete set of catalogs every year, instead updating only several of the volumes. Michel is also more detailed, with quantities issued, sheet formats, and so forth. Also of significance to some collectors is its coverage of countries and periods omitted by Scott for editorial or political reasons. For instance, US embargoes against Cuba, Iraq, and North Korea are reflected by Scott's failure to show market values for those countries' stamp issues (as late as 2002, Scott did not supply any information

neg: History of the Assyrian people allied with the British during World War II, with eleven Assyrian companies seeing action in Palestine/Israel and another four serving in Cyprus. The Parachute Company was attached to the Royal Marine Commando and Assyrian Paratroopers were involved in fighting in Albania, Italy and Greece. Assyrians played a major role in the victory over Arab-Iraqi forces at the Battle of Habbaniya and Anglo-Iraq war in 1941, when the Iraqi government decided to join WW2 on the side of Nazi Germany. The British presence in Iraq lasted until 1954, and Assyrian Levies remained attached to British forces until this time. The period

neg: Flying ace in dog-fighting where the Mig-17 and Mig-21 had superior manoeuvrability. The VPAF had carried out the first air-raid on US ships since WW2, with two aces including Nguyễn Văn Bảy attacking US ships during the Battle of Đồng Hới in 1972. Quite often air-to-air losses of US fighter jets were re-attributed to surface-to-air missile, as it was considered "less embarrassing". By the war's end, the US had nevertheless confirmed 245 air-to-air US aircraft losses while the figures for North Vietnam are disputed, ranging from 195 North Vietnamese aircraft from US claims to 131 from Soviet, North Vietnamese and allied records.

neg: History of the Jews in Algeria the Algerian War, most Algerian Jews took sides with France, out of loyalty to the Republic which had emancipated them, against the indigenous Independence movement, though they rejected that part of the official policy which proposed independence for Algeria. Some Jews did join the FLN fighting for independence, but a larger group made common cause with the OAS, secret paramilitary group. The FLN published declarations guaranteeing a place in Algeria for Jews as an integral constituent of the Algerian people, hoping to attract their support. Algerian Muslims had assisted Jews during their trials under the Vichy régime in WW2, when

neg: Fighting Solidarity even the Soviet Union itself. The Polish secret police found it extremely hard to infiltrate the organization, even though they employed various tactics, including kidnapping Morawiecki's children in an attempt to blackmail him. Despite its reputation for militancy, Fighting Solidarity did not support violence or terrorism. Fighting Solidarity was one of two Polish organizations of that time whose primary goals, declared from the start, included the destruction of communism, the independence of Poland and other nations controlled by communist governments (including those comprising the Soviet Union itself), and the reunification of Germany. Fighting Solidarity power bases included Wrocław, Poznań, Gdańsk,

neg: Diplomatic history of World War I peace with Germany and that fighting would have to continue until it surrendered. The treaty became a nullity when Germany signed the Armistice in November 1918, which was effectively its surrender to the Allies. When Germany later complained that the Treaty of Versailles of 1919 was too harsh on them, the Allies responded that it was more benign than Brest-Litovsk. At the start of the war, Germany expanded its unofficial propaganda machinery, establishing the Central Office for Foreign Services, which among other duties was tasked with propaganda distribution to neutral nations, persuading them to either side with Germany or to

neg: Ken Rosewall (and more accurately his "after-Dallas 1972") has been the real start of Rosewall's true decline : admittedly he was still one of the best players but not one fighting for the first place. Rosewall did not play Wimbledon that year as the edition was boycotted by the ATP players. After an absence of 17 years Rosewall returned to Davis Cup play in November when he played a doubles match with Rod Laver in the interzonal final against Czechoslovakia. His best performances in 1973 were firstly his semifinal at the US Open (as in 1972 the greatest event of the year)

neg: Fred Oelßner 1945 had arrived with a remarkably detailed "nation building" plan. The first task was to prepare the groundwork for the re-establishment of communist organizations and unions in postwar Germany, with the focus on the area to be administered by the Soviet Union according to a military division of the western two thirds of Germany that had already been agreed between Germany's leading wartime enemies. The Ackermann Group made a slower start than the other two groups, however, since much the southern portion of the future Soviet occupation zone, including Leipzig had been liberated, after fierce fighting, by US forces, leaving

neg: Stalag VII-A Walter 'Boots' Mayberry POW 3 months WW2 Stalag VII-A Stalag VII-A (in full: "Kriegsgefangenen-Mannschafts-Stammlager VII-A") was Germany's largest prisoner-of-war camp during World War II, located just north of the town of Moosburg in southern Bavaria. The camp covered an area of . It served also as a transit camp through which prisoners, including officers, were processed on their way to other camps. At some time during the war, prisoners from every nation fighting against Germany passed through it. At the time of its liberation on 29 April 1945, there were about 80,000 prisoners in the camp, mostly from France and

neg: Argentina–United States relations during WW2 was marked by two distinct phases. During the early years of the war, Argentine President Roberto M. Ortiz sought to provide economic support to the Allies as during WWI, even proposing to US President Roosevelt that both countries join the Allies together as non-belligerents in 1940. However his proposal was snubbed at the time, as Roosevelt was in the middle of elections. Following the Japanese attack on Pearl Harbour, US foreign-policy worked to unite all of Latin America in a coalition against Germany. Argentina's neutralist stance, however, had hardened following the resignation of President Ortiz due to diabetes,

neg: Relations between Nazi Germany and the Arab world immigration. Hitler had told his military commanders in 1939, shortly before the start of World War II: We shall continue to make disturbances in the Far East and in Arabia. Let us think as men and let us see in these peoples at best lacquered half-apes who are anxious to experience the lash. Prior to the Second World War, all of North Africa and the Middle East were under the control of European powers. Despite the Nazi racial theories which denigrated Arabs as members of an inferior race, individual Arabs who assisted the Reich in fighting the British for possession

neg: Robert Rinder The grandson of a Holocaust survivor, Rinder's maternal family roots extend back to Piotrków Trybunalski, Poland. After the Nazi invasion of Poland at the start of World War II, his maternal grandfather Moses (also known as Maurice) and his family were sent to a ghetto, where Maurice worked in a local glass factory. With most of the family sent to Treblinka extermination camp, Maurice as a worker was then moved to a concentration camp in Schlieben, Germany to work in a tank munitions factory. Towards the end of WW2, like other survivors he was moved to Theresienstadt concentration camp by

neg: Bribie Island they provided a coordinated series of defensive batteries for Moreton Bay. In February 1939, six months before the start of WW2, a review of the defences of Moreton Bay called for two 6 inch Mark XI guns at north Bribie. Soon after Australia declared war on Germany on 3 September 1939, 6 inch guns previously carried by the World War I-era cruiser were taken to the present location of Fort Bribie () to guard the northwest channel, which ran close to the shore near Caloundra, across the bay in a southeasterly direction towards Moreton Island, and then southwesterly towards the

neg: Museum of Science and Industry (Chicago) shadow garden and several funhouse mirrors. Silent-film star and stock-market investor Colleen Moore's Fairy Castle "dolls house" is on display. Yearly, from late November to early January, the museum hosts its Christmas Around the World Exhibit, having Christmas trees from different cultures from around the world. Started in 1942, with just one tree, honoring soldiers fighting in WW2, the tradition spawned into more than 50 trees. The museum holds the Junior Achievement's US Business Hall of Fame. In addition to its three floors of standing exhibits, the museum hosts temporary and traveling exhibitions. Exhibitions last for five months or less

neg: Germany–Iran relations after United States only (17%). <br> Germany–Iran relations German–Iranian relations refer to bilateral relations between Germany and Iran. While official diplomatic relations between Iran and post-WW2 Germany began in 1952 when Iran opened its first diplomatic mission office in Bonn, the two countries have enjoyed diplomatic relations since the 19th century. Unofficial relations between the German Reich and Iran date to the early 19th century. Goethe's dedication of his "West-östlicher Divan" (West-Eastern Divan) to Hafez in 1819 is an illustration of how far back such cultural ties went. During the Qajar era, with the growing unpopularity of world powers in

neg: Germany–Iran relations Germany–Iran relations German–Iranian relations refer to bilateral relations between Germany and Iran. While official diplomatic relations between Iran and post-WW2 Germany began in 1952 when Iran opened its first diplomatic mission office in Bonn, the two countries have enjoyed diplomatic relations since the 19th century. Unofficial relations between the German Reich and Iran date to the early 19th century. Goethe's dedication of his "West-östlicher Divan" (West-Eastern Divan) to Hafez in 1819 is an illustration of how far back such cultural ties went. During the Qajar era, with the growing unpopularity of world powers in Persia such as Russia and Great

neg: Responsibility for the Russo-Georgian War peacekeepers in self-defence, after coming under fire from them. After the disclosure of alleged US diplomatic cables by WikiLeaks, the dispatches sent during the initial stage of the war from Tbilisi were published. Former US Ambassador to Georgia John F. Tefft alleged that the Georgians did not intend to start the conflict, but rather were dragged into the war. The diplomat’s cables were initially published by Russian Reporter magazine, a Moscow-based weekly. “From evidence available to us it appears the South Ossetians started today’s fighting,” reads an alleged August 8 dispatch from Tefft. “The Georgians are now reacting by calling

neg: Mašťov effects of the First World War in terms of homeless and unemployed. Gradually the town recovers with economy booming just to be thrown back to slow down due to worldwide economic crisis. Throughout the WW2 the town of Mastov is considered to be part of the Sudetenland awarded to Germany through treaty between Germany, France, and England with all Czech residents forced to leave their homes and move to the central part of Czech Republic. Post WW2 Mastov have slowly recovered but never fully developed into the business and industrial town it once was. Currently the town consistently improves on

neg: Peter Sichel settled in France. The firm had offices in London and Bordeaux, and at the start of World War II, while he was apprenticed to the Bordeaux firm, he was interned as he was Jewish. He escaped to the USA via Spain and worked as a US Foreign Service Officer, running agents in Germany for which he was given the Distinguished Intelligence Medal. He continued to work for the Central Intelligence Agency in Berlin, Washington and Hong Kong until 1960, when he left, saying "I left because the CIA did things I didn’t like, such as send people into the Ukraine

neg: Inheritance US inheritance was $39,000. In subsequent years, the overall amount of total annual inheritance more than doubled, reaching nearly $200 billion. By 2050, there will be an estimated $25 trillion inheritance transmitted across generations. Some researchers have attributed this rise to the baby boomer generation. Historically, the baby boomers were the largest influx of children conceived after WW2. For this reason, Thomas Shapiro suggests that this generation "is in the midst of benefiting from the greatest inheritance of wealth in history." Inherited wealth may help explain why many Americans who have become rich may have had a "substantial head start".

neg: Jason-class tank landing ship ships from the Second World War era. The Hellenic Navy preferred to not buy new ships from other nations in order to acquire experience in the design and construction of warships entirely in Greece. Although the new ships replaced WW2-era LSTs, the Hellenic Navy did not equip the "Jason"-class ships with marine fighting vehicles (such as BMP-3F) and therefore Greek marines have to use tactical landing methods similar to those of the Second World War era. The ships use two types of Landing Craft Vehicle Personnel (LCVPs): the type 36 and the type 36F (with "F" meaning "Fast"). Each ship

neg: When Do We Start Fighting... When Do We Start Fighting... When Do We Start Fighting... is an album by British band Seafood, released in July 2001. The track "What May Be The Oldest" originally featured on the b-side of the "Led By Bison" single from Seafood's previous album "Surviving the Quiet". The re-recorded version on "When Do We Start Fighting..." features vocals from former Madder Rose singer Mary Lorson. All songs written by Seafood. The track listing as given on the album's sleeve lists track 1 as "Cloaking", track 2 as "Western Battle" etc. omitting to mention that the album actually starts with "Intro". On

neg: Porcupine Tree 2000 and start of 2001, including their first major tour of Germany. A special double CD edition of the "Lightbulb Sun" album was issued in Israel and Germany. In May, the band released a compilation B-side album called "Recordings", which featured nine tracks from the "Stupid Dream" and "Lightbulb Sun" sessions that had been left off both albums. In May 2001, Porcupine Tree did three consecutive dates as a support band to Marillion, in France, Germany, and the Netherlands, respectively. In June, the band played a short US tour, starting with an appearance in NEARfest of Pennsylvania, and culminating in

neg: Robert G. Newman Robert G. Newman Robert G. Newman (* October 26th 1937 in The Hague; † August 1st 2018 in New York City) was an US-american physician, scientist, health manager and philanthroph. Robert Gabriel Newman was born in The Hague, Netherlands, as child of german emigrants. At that time his parents, as jews, were on the escape from national-socialist Germany. The father, Rudolph Neumann (later Randolph Newman), and the mother Eva Neumann born Feilchenfeldt (later Eva Newman) both were legal practitioners. The family then moved to New York City in August 1939. After the end of WW2 Newman for some years lived

neg: Air medical services pilot. The French evacuated over 7,000 casualties during that period. By 1936, an organized military air ambulance service evacuated wounded from the Spanish Civil War for medical treatment in Nazi Germany; this service continued during the Second World War. The first use of medevac with helicopters was the evacuation of three British pilot combat casualties by a US Army Sikorsky in Burma during WW2, and the first dedicated use of helicopters by U.S. forces occurred during the Korean War, between 1950 and 1953. The French used light helicopters in the First Indochina War. While popularly depicted as simply removing casualties

neg: Operation Paperclip 2012, which highlighted his connection to human experiments during WW2, the Space Medicine Association’s Executive Committee announced that the Space Medicine Association Strughold Award had been retired. (see List of German rocket scientists in the US). Operation Paperclip Operation Paperclip was a secret program of the Joint Intelligence Objectives Agency (JIOA) largely carried out by Special Agents of Army CIC, in which more than 1,600 German scientists, engineers, and technicians, such as Wernher von Braun and his V-2 rocket team, were recruited, after the end of World War II, in Germany and taken to the U.S. for government employment, primarily

neg: Income tax rising to $5.4 billion by 1920. The amount of income collected via income tax has varied dramatically, from 1% in the early days of US income tax to taxation rates of over 90% during WW2. While tax rules vary widely, there are certain basic principles common to most income tax systems. Tax systems in Canada, China, Germany, Singapore, the United Kingdom, and the United States, among others, follow most of the principles outlined below. Some tax systems, such as India, may have significant differences from the principles outlined below. Most references below are examples; see specific articles by jurisdiction ("e.g.",

neg: Anti-surface warfare platform from which weapons are launched: Anti-ship missiles include the Harpoon, RBS-15, P-500 Bazalt, Penguin and Exocet. Following the results of the Battle of Taranto and the Battle of Midway, the primary combatant ship type was the CV or fleet carrier. After WW2, the ASuW concept primarily involved the multiple carrier battle-groups fielded by the US Navy, against which the Soviet Union designed specialized strategies that did not equate to a 1:1 match of designs. Broadly speaking, military planners in the US after World War II envisioned that a Warsaw Pact invasion of Western Europe would require a massive convoy

neg: Svetozar Obradović licensed properties such as "Tarzan" and "Blek" as well as "Ninja" and "Lun, kralj ponoći", based on the popular pulp novels. His work has been reprinted in the US, Germany, Scandinavia and the Netherlands. Obradović's father was originally from Pljevlja (presently Montenegro) but moved to Novi Sad after WW2, where Obradović was born and lives with his wife and two daughters. He was also a basketball player and coach. Svetozar Obradović Svetozar Obradović Toza (born November 12, 1950, Novi Sad) is a Serbian writer, best known for his comic books. He has also written articles, essays, stories, books and radio

neg: SS Drexel Victory Liberty Ships. Liberty ships were designed to be used just for WW2. Victory ships were designed to last longer and serve the US Navy after the war. The Victory ship differed from a Liberty ship in that they were: faster, longer and wider, taller, a thinner stack set farther toward the superstructure and had a long raised forecastle. "Drexel Victory" had difficulty from the start, on May 2, 1945, the not yet complete SS "Drexel Victory" side-swiped the waterfront loading dock of the Ford plant as she was being moved by tugboats from Kaiser's Richmond shipyard no. 2. The damage

neg: Edward Eveleigh dash. He was a member of his school's Officer Training Corps, the forerunner to the Combined Cadet Force. He studied law at Brasenose College, Oxford University. Following a break in his studies when he was called up at the start of WW2, he graduated in 1940 with a Bachelor of Arts (BA) degree. This was later promoted to Master of Arts (MA Oxon), as per tradition. Eveleigh was commissioned into the reserve of the Royal Regiment of Artillery on 29 August 1936 as a second lieutenant. He was called up at the start of World War II and served for

neg: John F. Rider This, in time became his best known and greatest contribution to the business. There were a total of 23 volumes, ending in 1954. Rider also published over a 125 other technical books on servicing and radio theory authored by him or in collaboration. He was a contributor to the WW2 US war effort through his technical publications and teaching military personnel for the US Army. After WW2, many of the military training manuals were available at little or minimal charge. This was a great opportunity for publishers to capitalize on this as men leaving active military duty were looking to

neg: Aeromedical evacuation War for medical treatment in Nazi Germany. The first use of medevac with helicopters was the evacuation of three British pilot combat casualties by a US Army Sikorsky in Burma during WW2, and the first dedicated use of helicopters by U.S. forces occurred during the Korean War, between 1950 and 1953. The first crude attempts at evacuating patients by air were made on biplanes in 1918. Shortly thereafter, JN-4s and DH-4 bombers were modified by the Army Air Service for carrying litters. In 1921 the Curtiss Eagle was developed, the first aircraft designed specifically for the transport of patients. It

neg: Cricket in Germany Cricket in Germany Cricket in Germany has a history going back to 1858, when a group of people from England and the United States founded the first German cricket club in Berlin. Several more teams were later founded in Berlin and the rest of Germany, as well as a national federation. Cricket lingered on over the following century, with occasional visits of German players to England and British and other foreign teams touring in Germany, but only when it got a foothold in the German universities in the 1980s did the number of German cricket clubs and players start to

neg: Erich Ollenhauer embolism. Erich Ollenhauer Erich Ollenhauer (27 March 1901 – 14 December 1963) was the leader of the Social Democratic Party of Germany (SPD) 1952–1963. Ollenhauer was born in Magdeburg and joined the SPD in 1920. When the Nazis took power in 1933 he fled Germany for Prague. After the outbreak of WW2 Ollenhauer travelled across Europe in order to avoid Nazi persecution, first going to Denmark, then France, Spain, Portugal, and eventually London, where he remained until the end of the war. In London, he kept close ties to the Labour Party, which financially supported the expatriate SPD (called "SoPaDe"),

neg: Erich Ollenhauer Erich Ollenhauer Erich Ollenhauer (27 March 1901 – 14 December 1963) was the leader of the Social Democratic Party of Germany (SPD) 1952–1963. Ollenhauer was born in Magdeburg and joined the SPD in 1920. When the Nazis took power in 1933 he fled Germany for Prague. After the outbreak of WW2 Ollenhauer travelled across Europe in order to avoid Nazi persecution, first going to Denmark, then France, Spain, Portugal, and eventually London, where he remained until the end of the war. In London, he kept close ties to the Labour Party, which financially supported the expatriate SPD (called "SoPaDe"), of

neg: Bristol 412 US, with a catalytic converter and a much stronger roll bar than on the first 412. However, the company's specialist status made exporting very difficult and most of these modified 412 models were exported to Europe and markets such as West Germany and Switzerland. The Bristol Beaufighter, named after the WW2 aircraft produced by Bristol, was still designed by Zagato but now fully factory-bodied at Filton, had very similar styling to the original 412 except for the four-headlamp layout. However, the 5,899 cc V8 engine was upgraded by the addition of a Rotomaster turbocharger which gave the Beaufighter a maximum

neg: Horst Hahne Horst Hahne Horst Hahne (born 1940 in Frankfurt am Main, Germany), is an Australian sculptor, medallist and designer. Signature: "HH" He started school after WW2, and got his school certificate in 1955. He began his apprenticeship in typographic art & hand engraving in the same year at Ludwig & Mayer, an old established German type foundry in Frankfurt am Main. He also did part-time studies of typographic design. After finishing his apprenticeship as a hand engraver in 1958 Horst Hahne migrated to Australia in 1959. From 1959 to 1965 he lived in Adelaide. In 1965 Hahne moved to Canberra, to

neg: Jiří Sovák Jiří Sovák Jiří Sovák (27 December 1920 – 6 September 2000) was a Czech actor, best known for his comedy roles. Jiří Sovák was born Jiří Schmitzer (later changed his name to Sovák as a protest against Nazi Germany and its occupation of Czechoslovakia) to the family of an innkeeper in Prague. In 1941 – during the WW2 – he graduated from Prague State Conservatory where he had been studying drama. His father did not want him to be an actor, so he worked as a clerk and played in an amateur theatre group; today known as Rokoko Theatre. In

neg: Baligród and Austro-Hungarian armies. The fighting was extremely dangerous and treacherous. Because of this, there was mass emigration during and after World War I. Around this time, some Zionism began to spread throughout Baligród. Just before the start of World War II on September 10, 1939, Slovakian and German troops occupied Baligród. Germany eventually opened a station for the Gestapo and an Arbeisamt (administration) in the area. The Ukrainians took over the Jewish school building and opened their own school forcing the Polish school to go into the poorest area of the town. During this time when Germany occupied Poland, Baligród

neg: Gump and Co. hall. Originally from East Germany, Gretchen was spirited to the West, but her family still remains in the Soviet zone. Forrest and Gretchen start dating, but when Forrest suggests buying Little Forrest an oompah horn, Gretchen thinks he cannot afford such a gift on a private's salary and suggests better rapport could be built through writing letters explaining his situation in Germany. Over Gretchen's concerns, Forrest shells out $800 for the horn (but considers it a better deal as he did not get ripped off for shipping as he did in Alaska). When Forrest's background in pro football is discovered,

neg: Russian Empire–United States relations World War I the United States declaration of war on Germany (1917) came after the Czar was overthrown in the February Revolution. Because of it, The United States used this new provisional government to describe how the new democratic nations are fighting against autocratic old empires of Germany and Austria-Hungary. During the war, the American Expeditionary Forces were just starting to see battle when the October Revolution removed Russia from the war. Even before Germany surrendered, the US participated in Allied intervention in the Russian Civil War with the Polar Bear Expedition and the American Expeditionary Force Siberia. Russian Empire–United

neg: Los Borrachos del Tablón decision. They came back from Germany with pockets full and many believe that arrogance was the start of the decline. When they came back from Germany, the firm went to Paraguay to see the Libertad vs River Plate match, for the Copa Libertadores de America. River down 3-1 in the second half, Los Borrachos began fighting the police. During the fight Los Borrachos were wearing the River Plate Jersey they usually and it was recorded on tape. Paraguay's justice pressed charges against the firm's top bosses. Due to all the power, Adrian Rousseau and Alan Schlenker started having their differences,

neg: Miguel Ibarra 14, 2014. Ibarra received a second call up to the national team for the final two games of the 2014 campaign but did not see playing time in either game. His first start came on February 8, 2015 in a USMNT friendly against Panama. On March 22, 2015, Miguel was called up for his fourth time to the US National team for a game against Mexico. On June 10, 2015, Miguel was called up for his fifth time to the US national team for an international friendly against Germany. Ibarra was born in the United States to Mexican parents. Ibarra

neg: Hind bint Utbah from his loyal lady!" "She is beautiful and stands firmly." "You're abandoning them to the Romans" "to let them the forelocks and girls seize." "They will take what they want from us to the full" "and start fighting themselves."</poem> Hind sang the same song she had sung when she fought against the Muslims in the battle of Uhud: <poem>"Night star's daughters are we," "who walk on carpets soft they be" "Our walk does friendliness tell" "Our hands are perfumed musk smell" "Pearls are strung around these necks of us" "So come and embrace us" "Whoever refuses will be separated forever"

neg: Hessilhead for some time in Burnhouse Manor until their new house was ready for them. By 1877 Mr and Mrs Ralston-Patrick were living in the new Trearne. Jenny Kerr was probably the last person born at Trearne Lodge; her mother was living there with her parents when her father was a Lieutenant in the Glasgow Highlanders, and was fighting in France during the first World War. Over Hessilhead was on the Trearne Estate along with Hessilhead, Townend of Hessilhead and an estate saw mill with its water wheel driven by the Dusk Water. During WW2 Trearne House was used by the

neg: When Do We Start Fighting... the album's initial release a limited edition of 5000 copies was produced in card sleeves with added multimedia content including movies, a diary, sceensaver and a Seafood game. Early copies of this limited edition were signed by the band. The album was re-released in March 2002 with a bonus disc entitled "Coursework" featuring demos and live session tracks. The "Coursework" CD was also available to order from Seafood's official website and features the following tracks: When Do We Start Fighting... When Do We Start Fighting... is an album by British band Seafood, released in July 2001. The track "What May

neg: Local Ferries in Suffolk William Quilter, owner of Bawdsey Manor, established a steam-drawn chain ferry which the family owned until 1931. From 1931 until the start of WW2 Charlie Brinckley then operated a launch for passengers with his son Robert (senior). Bawdsey Manor was purchased by the RAF in 1936 to become RAF Bawdsey and the ferry was closed to the public during WW2. After the end of the war a daily service was operated until 1974 under contract to RAF Bawdsey and since 1974 it has operated on summer weekends only. The Bawdsey Ferry is mentioned in three Acts of Parliament, the 'Felixstowe

neg: Bernard Willson all Hagelin machines distributed to both allies and enemies, including: the Vatican; the Iranian Islamic regime; Saddam Hussein; Muammar Gaddafi; Ferdinand Marcos; Idi Amin. Access continued until at least 1983, when US Naval Intelligence officer Jonathan Pollard, sold the information to Mossad (the Israeli Intelligence Service), who traded it to the Soviet Union in return for more exit visas being given to Soviet Jews to emigrate to Israel. The KGB (the Soviet Intelligence Service) probably already knew of the backdoor, via their US-based spies, Aldrich Ames and Robert Hanssen. After WW2, in 1946 Willson returned to civilian life as an

neg: King Smurf The miracle happens when his music is so awful that it awakens the Smurfs. The Smurfs decide to accept him at the orchestra due to his heroism, but they still cover their ears when he plays. In the King Smurf story, Peyo and Yvan Delporte (the writer) appear to make several comments about government, the lengths politicians will go to be elected (such as making promises that they fail to keep) and the corruption and abuse of power. By these standards, the story can be considered a satire on Nazi Germany; which was particularly poignant in post-WW2 Europe, most analysts

neg: Bushy Graham first, and a low left in the second, and Graham down in the second and seventh. The bout was originally scheduled to be for the World Bantamweight Title, but the outcome ended the plan. He did not defend the bantamweight title, vacating it in January 1929. By 1930, Graham was usually fighting as a featherweight, and meeting quality contenders as opponents. He held champion Freddie Miller to a draw before a crowd of 6,000 on January 29, 1930 in Cincinnati. Graham had quite a late start, fighting on the defensive and losing on points until the last round, when in

neg: Matt White (cyclist) Germany. After 2 years with the Australian GIANT-AIS Cycling Team, White then went through Italian teams (1998) and (1999) before finding himself on the US Postal Service team from 2001 through to 2003. In this period White was not selected to ride the Tour de France with Lance Armstrong but did ride the 2003 Vuelta a España in support of Roberto Heras. In 2004, Matthew moved to the French Cofidis team to join fellow Australian Stuart O'Grady. He was selected in the team to ride the 2004 Tour de France, but did not make the start line after falling and

neg: MS Georges Philippar to a "catastrophic fire initiated by a malfunction in the high voltage DC power grid of the ship" and recommended to ban wooden fittings and panelling as much as possible in the design of future ships. The State of the art "Normandie" was one of the very first ships to benefit from these new guidelines, incorporating a massively over-engineered firefighting equipment, a less troublesome Alternating current powerplant and state of the art circuit breakers. Ironically this did not prevent "Normandie" from burning in New-York during WW2 as an inexperienced crew of US Coastguards had taken over from the French crew

neg: Operation Pollux to develop a plan for a fighting retreat but Cogny did not immediately do so. When Cogny finally did provide such a plan on January 24, the Viet Minh were already encircling the base and Navarre and Cogny agreed the withdrawal now made no sense. However, the leadership also did nothing to fortify its garrison for the second alternative of the sustained siege. Instead Navarre concentrated on his offensive Operation Atlante in Annam at Da Nang and Nha Trang. Of the 2,100 men at the start of the evacuation, only 185 reached the outpost at Dien Bien Phu. Đèo Văn

neg: Nicholas J. Spykman or Russia controlling all the way to Germany, and as both scenarios were equally threatening to the US. Spykman predicted that Japan would lose the Pacific War and that China and Russia would remain to struggle against eac other over boundaries. He also forecast the rise of China, becoming the dominant power in Asia and that the US would thus take responsibility for Japan's defense. Spykman was opposed to European integration and argued that US interests favored balanced power in Europe, rather than integrated power. The US was fighting a war against Germany to prevent Europe's conquest, and it would

neg: Industry funding of academic research of relative percent of funding for research and absolute amount. Overall, the growth of industrial research funding has greatly outpaced public research funding growth, with US governmental research funding increasing by an average of 3.4% annually, while industrial research funding increased by an average of 5.4% annually from 1950 to 2004. Since WW2, industry funding of science has consistently represented the second largest source of funding for academic science. Industry funding of academic science did expand during the 1980s and 1990s following the passing of the Bayh-Dohl Act and a variety of both State and Federal proposals to increase funding

neg: The President's Economic Mission to Germany and Austria position to the press as "...I say let Germany find out what it means to start a war." The US public at the time held the (partly erroneous) belief that the decision at Potsdam had been to completely pastoralize Germany, with the exception for the occasional factory. The US public was relieved by the sharp critique and debunking of Professor Herbert Hoover's suggestion that the Potsdam policy be more leniently interpreted and German economy partly reconstructed. The President's Economic Mission to Germany and Austria The President's Economic Mission to Germany and Austria was a series of reports commissioned by US

neg: Jessin Ayari Jessin Ayari Jessin Ayari (born May 31, 1992) is a Tunisian-German professional mixed martial artist. He was the formal Superior Fighting Championship Welterweight Champion. Ayari competes in the welterweight division of Ultimate Fighting Championship (UFC). Ayari started playing football when he was young, and played for TSV 1904 Feucht youth team as a defensive midfielder in Germany. He started training in MMA at the age of fifteen after becoming frustrated with his football teammates who did not pull their weight and give as much as him. Ayari soon transitioned to MMA and completed his first MMA fight two years later.

neg: 108th Field Artillery Regiment Division in Europe with M1 155 mm Howitzers from Normandy Beach to the Battle of the Bulge and into Germany. The 108th trained in the US and later Wales for amphibious operations. It was originally scheduled to make an amphibious landing on the Cherbourg Peninsula but it was canceled when the peninsula was over-run. The 108th took part in the liberation of Paris and marched through the city. By September 1944 it was located along the northern Luxembourg border and Germany was within range of the guns. It was involved in the heavy fighting in the Battle of the Hurtegen

neg: Dwight Gooden been using drugs at his dealer's apartment). Gooden was arrested on December 13, 1986, in Tampa, Florida after fighting with police. A report clearing police of misconduct in the arrest helped start the Tampa riots of 1987. Rumors of substance abuse began to arise, which were confirmed when Gooden tested positive for cocaine during spring training in 1987. He entered a rehabilitation center on April 1, 1987, to avoid being suspended and did not make his first start of the season until June 5. Despite missing a third of the season, Gooden won 15 games for the 1987 Mets. In

neg: History of Notre Dame Fighting Irish football USC and #14 NC State. But it all came crashing down when #3 Notre Dame visited #7 Miami in South Florida on Nov 7, 2017. An embarrassing 41-8 loss effectively ended the Irish hopes of a playoff run. They went on to struggle in final games to Navy (W 24-17) and Stanford (L 20-38). The strong start and disappointing finish made for mixed feeling among Irish fans after a horrific 2016 season. History of Notre Dame Fighting Irish football Football did not have an auspicious beginning at the University of Notre Dame. In their inaugural game on November 23, 1887,

neg: Germany–Kurdistan Region relations the Kurds of Iraq established a mission in Berlin, establishing direct contacts with the German government. Furthermore, the mission had to coordinate humanitarian and development aid from Germany to the Kurdish region, and informed the German public and media about the general situation in Kurdistan. To combat Islamic State's advance into Northern parts of Iraq, the German government decided to aid the Kurdish soldiers (Peshmerga) militarily. Steinmeier stated that: "We cannot on the one hand praise the Kurdish security forces, pat them on the back for fighting ISIS on behalf of all of us, then when they ask for help

neg: Thomas E. Dewey young (he was only 38, just three years above the minimum age required by the US Constitution) and too inexperienced to lead the nation in wartime. Furthermore, Dewey's non-interventionist stance became problematic when Germany quickly conquered France, and seemed poised to invade Britain. As a result, many Republicans switched to Wendell Willkie, who was a decade older and supported aid to the Allies fighting Germany. Willkie lost to Franklin D. Roosevelt in the general election. Dewey's foreign-policy position evolved during the 1940s; by 1944 he was considered an internationalist and a supporter of projects such as the United Nations. It

neg: Seven Brides for Seven Brothers girls take a fancy to the brothers as well. However, all of them already have suitors among the young men of the town, who taunt the brothers into fighting during the barn-raising. At first, the six brothers remember Milly's teachings and try to resist being drawn into a fight. The suitors finally go too far when they attack Adam, provoking Gideon into fighting back. A brawl ensues in which the brothers dominate their physically weaker town rivals. Although the Pontipee brothers did not start the fight, they are kicked out of the town by the townspeople. Winter comes, and the

neg: Night fighter but it was given such a low priority that the British had ample supplies of their own designs by the time it was ready for production. The first USAAF unit using the P-61 did not move to Britain until February 1944; operational use did not start until the summer, and was limited throughout the war. Colonel Winston Kratz, director of night fighter training in the USAAF, considered the P-61 as adequate in its role, "It was a good night fighter. It did not have enough speed". The U.S. Navy was forced into the night fighting role when Japanese aircraft successfully

neg: Mike Venezia 7, 1964 when he won six races in one day at Aqueduct Racetrack. Venezia was actually named Frederick Venezia (by tradition, after his paternal grandfather) when he was born. But his uncle, Michael Venezia, a Sergeant in the US Army was killed in action while fighting in Germany on April 18, 1945, so when the telegram announcing the tragic event arrived just after the birth, the name was changed to Michael in honor of the fallen uncle. Venezia was killed in a horse racing accident on October 13, 1988. He was survived by his wife, Helene, son, Michael Edward, and

neg: Western betrayal Polish publicist Stanisław Mackiewicz wrote in his 1964 book "Polityka Becka": England does not need the existence of Poland, it has never needed it. Sometimes the British push us to fight against Russia, sometimes against Germany, as happened in 1939, when they managed to keep Hitler away from them for some time. After their so-called guarantees of March 1939, England was not interested in our army, it did not help us financially in our war preparations, and did not have the slightest intention to aid us during Hitler's invasion of Poland (...) The guarantee of Poland's independence, provided by England,

neg: Germany–Russia relations bilateral trade volume of up to 20% that meant billions of losses for the German economy and, obviously, many jobs being cut. By early 2014, when the conflict was about to start, not only did German exports to Russia constitute the third of the whole EU’s, but more than 6,200 German firms operated in Russia itself. Since German reunification, Germany is home to a fast-growing and large community of people of Russian ancestry who have moved to Germany as full citizens. In the 1990s, some 100,000 to 200,000 arrived annually. Germany also has funded the communities that remain behind in

neg: Football in Germany 1974 in a politically charged match in Hamburg, East Germany beat West Germany 1–0, on a goal by Jürgen Sparwasser. Both German teams advanced to the second round anyway. The GDR team was eliminated there, while the DFB team eventually went on to win the tournament. In the year of German reunification (1990), West Germany secured its third World Cup as West and East Germans celebrated together. The present-day German national team is identical to the team informally called West Germany from 1949 to 1990 team, as the German Football Association was again recognized by FIFA after WW2. Nothing changed

neg: Eastern Front (World War II) quiet while Germany conquered Denmark, Norway, France, The Low Countries, and the Balkans. Hitler had always intended to renege on his pact with the Soviet Union, eventually making the decision to invade in the spring of 1941. Some historians say Stalin was fearful of war with Germany, or just did not expect Germany to start a two-front war, and was reluctant to do anything to provoke Hitler. Others say that Stalin was eager for Germany to be at war with capitalist countries. Another viewpoint is that Stalin expected war in 1942 (the time when all his preparations would be complete)

neg: Rinosuke Ichimaru marines were placed under his orders. When all the planes of his flotilla were lost in the preliminary US bombing, he decided to place his troops under the command of Kuribayashi. Ichimaru did not share the defensive strategy of Kuribayashi, which included a defense in depth. The admiral would have preferred to immediately counter the landings, fighting on the beaches and defending the airfield of Minamiburaki. Despite the differences of opinion with the commander in chief, the men of Ichimaru actively collaborated in the defense and built 135 casemates. When the US landings began on February 19, Ichimaru led 7,347

neg: She-She-She Camps passion for rural life and the philosophy of William James. James deemed this sort of program the "moral equivalency of war". Although administered by US Army officers, the camps were designed not to be militaristic since the Administration did not want any resemblance to the Hitler Youth of Germany. These tree armies kept the young male population occupied and engaged with conservation, fighting wildland fires, building dams and creating man-made lakes. Much of the state's parkland was improved even before the National Parks, but Eleanor Roosevelt asked, "What about the women?" Criteria for participation in the women's camps were different

neg: Prostitution in Guam occupation. During the Japanese occupation of Guam in WW2, some local Chamorro women were forced to work in the Japanese military brothels set up on the island (I Tiempon Chapones) along with the Japanese and Korean woman the Japanese had brought there. After the American liberation of Guam, a number of brothels were set up to serve the American servicemen. The establishment of US bases on the island after the islands were liberated in WW2, increased the demand for prostitution. The tourist area of the Tumon district of Tamuning the island's de facto red-light district. There are many massage parlours,

neg: Bermuda II Agreement Both sides agreed to automatically nominate Gatwick as the gateway airport for London for any London–US route that did not already exist under the original 1946 Bermuda agreement. When all available routes between London Heathrow/Gatwick and the US were taken, any carrier wishing to start a new route to a US gateway city not served from either of London's two main airports at the time of application for route authority needed to drop another route. In addition, any such change could only become effective when there was unanimous agreement between both the UK and US governments. Failure of both nations'

neg: Guo Jia advantage of his successes to continue attacking the Yuans, but Guo Jia said, "Yuan Shao loved both sons so he couldn't decide between them who would succeed him. With advisers like Guo Tu and Pang Ji to assist the Yuans, internal conflict will definitely break out between them. If we press on our attacks, the Yuans will unite to resist us. If we withdraw our forces, the Yuans will start fighting among themselves. Why don't we turn south and attack Liu Biao in Jing Province first? We should wait until the Yuan brothers start fighting each other and then attack

neg: Invasion of Poland an independent country after 123 years from the Partitions_of_Poland - Second_Polish_Republic when compared with countries such as United Kingdom or Germany was a relatively indigent and mostly agricultural country. The partitioning powers did not invest in the development of industry, especially in the armaments industry in ethnically Polish areas. Between 1936 and 1939, Poland invested heavily in the newly created Central Industrial Region. Preparations for a defensive war with Germany were ongoing for many years, but most plans assumed fighting would not begin before 1942. To raise funds for industrial development, Poland sold much of the modern equipment it produced.

neg: Air Spray As well, Air Spray has operated several aircraft in Coahuila Mexico to combat wildfires. More recently, the company has purchased the BAe 146 passenger jet aircraft for conversion to an air tanker. Air Spray also added Air Tractor AT-802 "Fire Boss" Single Engine Air Tankers (SEATs) to its fleet in 2013. Air Spray has been involved in fighting many large wildfires including the 2003 Okanagan Mountain Park fire, the 2011 Slave Lake, Alberta wildfire and in 2016, the company was involved in fighting the Fort McMurray, Alberta wildfire. The WW2 era A-26 aircraft were converted to air tankers by fitting

neg: Marlies Krämer Marlies Krämer Marlies Krämer is a feminist and politician (born 1937 in Illingen). In 1996 she was a force in initiating the renaming of low-pressure areas in Germany, from formerly female names to a new naming system. Since 1998 these have been given female names one year and the following year male names are used instead. After WW2 she started an apprenticeship in retailing. In 1958 she married. She gave birth to 4 children. Her husband died in 1972. From 1987 until 1994 she became a member of the city council of Sulzbach. In the 1990s when her ID Card

neg: Ernst von Siemens Ernst von Siemens Ernst Albrecht von Siemens (9 April 1903 – 31 December 1990) was a German industrialist. Siemens was born in England when his father was director of Siemens Brothers and returned to Germany after his father became head of Siemens-Schuckert. He studied physics at Technical University of Munich. He joined Siemens in 1929, beginning his career at the Werner Plant for Telecommunications in Berlin. [What happened during the Nazi era and WW2? - CRITICAL] After being a deputy member of the Managing Board of Siemens & Halske for five years starting in 1944, he became a full member

neg: Jiří Sovák an actor and folk singer. He had a cold relationship with his son (with whom he had appeared in movies for many times) after he left his wife and even colder when Schmitzer caused a fatal car accident in 1976. Jiří Sovák Jiří Sovák (27 December 1920 – 6 September 2000) was a Czech actor, best known for his comedy roles. Jiří Sovák was born Jiří Schmitzer (later changed his name to Sovák as a protest against Nazi Germany and its occupation of Czechoslovakia) to the family of an innkeeper in Prague. In 1941 – during the WW2 – he

neg: Amir Benayoun investigation on incitement charges. Uri Avnery, who has translated the poem, and who says it is the expression of a decline in Benayoun's musical fortunes, claims that if you substitute David for Ahmed, and any foreign city for Jerusalem, what the lyric turns out to be is 'a perfect anti-Semitic poem'. He likened it to a poem he heard as a child in Germany before WW2, which ran: <poem> "When Jewish blood spurts from the knife" "Everything will be twice as good". </poem> A complete version has been given by Uri Avnery. <poem> "Salaam Aleikum I am called Ahmed" "And

neg: National Civilian WW2 Memorial Trust National Civilian WW2 Memorial Trust The National Civilian WW2 Memorial Trust (NCWW2MT) is a registered charity with the aim of preserving and restoring the National Picture Theatre in Kingston upon Hull, England. The National Picture Theatre on Beverley Road in Kingston upon Hull was a cinema which was built in 1914. During the Second World War, the cinema was bombed and mostly destroyed when an air raid took place on the night of 18 March 1941. A film had been showing at the time of the bombing, which was Charlie Chaplin's 'The Great Dictator'. All 150 people in the cinema

neg: Berlin Wall authorities allowed people to leave, provided that they did so by train through East Germany. This was followed by mass demonstrations within East Germany itself. Protest demonstrations spread throughout East Germany in September 1989. Initially, protesters were mostly people wanting to leave to the West, chanting ("We want out!"). Then protestors began to chant ("We are staying here!"). This was the start of what East Germans generally call the "Peaceful Revolution" of late 1989. The protest demonstrations grew considerably by early November. The movement neared its height on 4 November, when half a million people gathered to demand political change,

neg: South Asians in Hong Kong World War II, soldiers of the Indian Army were involved in the Battle of Hong Kong. Indian troops were also incorporated within several overseas regiments as for example the Hong Kong Singapore Royal Artillery Regiment which had Sikh gunners. US Consul Robert Ward, the highest ranking US official posted to Hong Kong at the outbreak of hostilities, bluntly evaluated the performance of Hong Kong Garrison in December 1941: "when the real fighting came it was the British soldiery that broke and ran. The Eurasians fought well and so did the Indians but the Kowloon line broke when the Royal Scots

neg: German declaration of war against the United States Germany was obliged to come to the aid of Japan if a third country attacked Japan, but not if Japan attacked a third country. Ribbentrop reminded Hitler of this, and pointed out that to declare war against the US would add to the number of enemies Germany was fighting against, but Hitler dismissed this concern as not being important, and, almost entirely without consultation, chose to declare war against the US, wanting to do so before, he thought, Roosevelt would declare war on Germany. In fact, Hitler's declaration of war came as a great relief to British Prime Minister Winston

neg: Archie Butterworth to join the army: Irish Guards, then RASC-MT as driving instructor. Posted to special unit in Egypt. Left the Army in 1937 but returned at start of WW2. After Dunkirk he spent the duration of the war, and up to 1950, on armament design, when he established Butterworth Engineering, of Frimley, Surrey. He raced a Bentley 4½ Litre from 1946 and became a member of the BRDC in 1947. The A.J.B. Special, dubbed S2, was built for £300 in 1948. The car was powered by a war-surplus air-cooled Steyr V8 engine. Butterworth was inspired by Sydney Allard's Steyr-powered single-seater, which

neg: Mitrailleuse d´Avion Browning - F.N. Calibre 13,2 mm use in the Hotchkiss M1929 machine gun. This cartridge had almost double the energy of the 12,7 mm round used on the M2 Browning. Due to the above-mentioned improvements the gun got a lot of interest from a lot of nations when it entered the export market in 1939. Due to the start of WW2 and the invasion of Belgium it was only exported to Romania and Sweden. Sweden was able to buy the majority of the weapons and even got the blueprints to produce the weapon on their own without paying for a license. In Sweden the weapon got

neg: Dykebar near the end of Glenapp Avenue. By 1800 the hill was Dikebar, and remained such until the start of the 20th century when the old spelling of Dykebar returned. An archaeological evaluation of the hill was undertaken in February and March 2004 on the site of proposed residential development. Evidence of a medieval defensive work, 18th-century circular landscape features and WW2 anti-aircraft defences were discovered including an intact bunker-like structure and the brick walls and concrete floors of other buildings. The battery was armed with four 3.7-inch guns. Dykebar Hospital opened in 1909 as the Renfrew District Lunatic Asylum. In

neg: Threads East Germany. The Soviets ignore the US ultimatum and, an hour after the expiry, are attacked at their base in Mashhad by B-52 bombers using conventional weapons. The Soviets defend the base with a nuclear tipped surface-to-air missile, destroying many B-52s. The battle ceases after US forces launch a battlefield nuclear weapon at the Soviet base. On 23 May, fighting breaks out between the US and Soviet navies. On 24 May, amidst rioting in East Germany, the Soviets cut the road links into and out of West Berlin, whilst offering occupying NATO forces free passage to the west. The USS

neg: Start Without You "The X Factor" winner, Leona Lewis. It was also revealed that an additional song, "Start Without You" leaked on 8 June 2010, a day before she would confirm that the song was, in fact, the first single from the upcoming re-release of "Overcome" on her official blog. Burke said that the leak had come from within the label and that the suspects were "two little boys in Germany, on work experience." However, Burke did not lament the leak, stating, "It's a shame when music gets put out there when it's not ready, but at the end of the day, it

neg: Treaty of Brest-Litovsk of Versailles in the West of 1919 was too harsh on them, the Allied Powers responded that it was more benign than the terms imposed by Brest-Litovsk treaty. The treaty was annulled by the Armistice of 11 November 1918, when Germany surrendered to the western Allies. However, in the meantime it did provide some relief to the Bolsheviks, already fighting the Russian Civil War (1917-1922), following the Russian Revolutions of 1917 by the renunciation of Russia's claims on modern-day Poland, Finland, Estonia, Latvia, Ukraine and Lithuania. By 1917, Germany and Imperial Russia were stuck in a stalemate on the Eastern

neg: Diplomatic history of World War II war against Germany two days after it invaded Poland. Apart from the British Dominions (Canada, Australia, New Zealand and South Africa), no independent nation joined their cause. Britain and France took a defensive posture, fearing German air attacks on cities. France hoped the Maginot Line would protect it from an invasion. There was little fighting between the fall of Poland in mid-September and the following spring; it was the Phoney War in Britain or "Drôle de guerre" – the funny sort of war – in France. Britain tried several peace feelers, but Hitler did not respond. When Germany had its

neg: Emin (esoteric movement) working life as an apprentice tool maker at Borehamwood near London England. Armin did time in the R.A.F. as a quartermaster (His rank was staff sergeant) and whilst serving a year's WW2 assignment in India Armin was court martialled. This came near the climax of WW2, and during this time he married Violet Burton from Waterloo, who eventually became known as Ruth within the Emin. After the war Armin worked at various locations around the London areas, as manager of a furniture company based in Camden Town, London, and then as a market demonstrator. During the late 1940s and early

neg: History of the Jews in Austria "emigrant-film"-movement, had to accept the German restrictions forbidding Jews from working in the film industry. Emigration among film artists then rose sharply with Los Angeles becoming the major destination. The main emigration wave did not start until March 1938, when Austria was annexed by Germany, and November 1938, when nearly all synagogues of Austria were destroyed (more than 100, of them about 30 to 40 built as dedicated synagogues, 25 of them in Vienna). The prosperity period ended abruptly with the annexation Austria to Nazi Germany in 1938 (the "Anschluss"). At the time of the annexation, the Jewish population in