query: when did florida became part of the united states

pos: Florida Territory Florida Territory The Territory of Florida was an organized incorporated territory of the United States that existed from March 30, 1822, until March 3, 1845, when it was admitted to the Union as the State of Florida. Originally the Spanish territory of "La Florida", and later the provinces of East and West Florida, it was ceded to the United States as part of the 1819 Adams–Onís Treaty. It was governed by the Florida Territorial Council. Florida was encountered by Europeans in 1513 by Juan Ponce de León, who claimed the land as a possession of Spain. St. Augustine, the oldest

pos: Florida Territory Florida Territory The Territory of Florida was an organized incorporated territory of the United States that existed from March 30, 1822, until March 3, 1845, when it was admitted to the Union as the State of Florida. Originally the Spanish territory of "La Florida", and later the provinces of East and West Florida, it was ceded to the United States as part of the 1819 Adams–Onís Treaty. It was governed by the Florida Territorial Council. Florida was encountered by Europeans in 1513 by Juan Ponce de León, who claimed the land as a possession of Spain. St. Augustine, the oldest

pos: 1845 United States House of Representatives election in Florida 1845 United States House of Representatives election in Florida The election to the United States House of Representatives in Florida for the 29th Congress was held on May 26, 1845, the first Congressional election in Florida's history. Florida was admitted to the Union on March 3, 1845, the last day of the 28th Congress, along with Iowa. Neither state was represented in the 28th Congress. As Florida was represented by a single Representative, it was not divided into districts, elections being held at-large until 1874. Yulee had previously served as delegate for Florida Territory. Yulee did not serve as Representative,

neg: 1900 United States presidential election in Florida the settled northern part of the state, however, did produce considerable support for the Prohibition Party’s John Woolley in the white counties. The election saw William Jennings Bryan win the state and receive all four electoral votes. This stands as one of the ten occasions when third or minor parties got over five percent of the vote in Florida. 1900 United States presidential election in Florida The 1900 United States presidential election in Florida was held on November 6, 1900. Florida voters chose four representatives, or electors to the Electoral College, who voted for President and Vice-President. The anti-Southern animus

neg: History of Montgomery, Alabama became part of the Province and later U.S. State of Georgia. The Treaty of Paris (1783), which ended the American Revolutionary War, gave Georgia's territory to the United States. The southern border of the territory was disputed between Spain (who had received West Florida from the British in a separate treaty) and the United States until 1795, when the Treaty of San Lorenzo gave the land north of the 31st parallel to the United States. This part of West Florida, including the southern half of Montgomery, became part of the Mississippi Territory in 1797. Georgia's western territory was integrated into

neg: British West Florida eastward to the Suwannee River. The purpose was to transfer San Marcos and the district of Apalachee from East Florida to West Florida. British West Florida West Florida was a colony of the Kingdom of Great Britain from 1763 until 1783 when it was ceded to Spain as part of the Peace of Paris. British West Florida comprised parts of the modern U.S. states of Louisiana, Mississippi, Alabama and Florida. Effective British control ended in 1781 when Spain captured Pensacola. The territory subsequently became a colony of Spain, parts of which were gradually annexed piecemeal by the United States beginning

neg: Simon Favre administrative regions within them, and the western part of West Florida (the part in present-day Louisiana) was absorbed into the United States under the proclamation of President James Madison. When Louisiana became a state in 1812, the remainder of West Florida (the panhandles of Mississippi and Alabama) was absorbed by the United States. The western part of this newly annexed Mobile District was organized into Hancock and Harrison Counties (soon a part of the Mississippi Territory), and in 1813 American federal troops were stationed there to formalize the transition. Just as his father had made the transition from French to

neg: Francis Eppes Plantation into Florida State University. Eppes sold his plantation during the Civil War for Confederate money. He lost the remainder of his investment and slaves by 1865, when they were freed. Eppes left Tallahassee for Orange County, Florida to begin citrus farming. Florida became part of the United States in 1821. As Francis Eppes arrived in Florida in 1829, at the time he was intendant/mayor of Tallahassee, Florida was no longer ruled by Spain. Francis Eppes Plantation The Francis Eppes Plantation was a small cotton plantation of 1920 acres (8 km) situated in east-central Leon County, Florida, United States and established

neg: Margate, Florida Margate, Florida Margate is a city in Broward County, Florida, United States. As of the 2010 census, the city had a population of 53,284. Margate is part of the Miami metropolitan area, which was home to an estimated 6,012,331 people in 2015. Margate was founded in the 1950s, when much of it was still either part of the Everglades or farmland. It then became a town in 1955, when land development became prominent due to an influx of people moving to Margate. In 1961, it was officially incorporated as a city. The name of the city itself is a portmanteau

neg: British West Florida British West Florida West Florida was a colony of the Kingdom of Great Britain from 1763 until 1783 when it was ceded to Spain as part of the Peace of Paris. British West Florida comprised parts of the modern U.S. states of Louisiana, Mississippi, Alabama and Florida. Effective British control ended in 1781 when Spain captured Pensacola. The territory subsequently became a colony of Spain, parts of which were gradually annexed piecemeal by the United States beginning in 1810. In 1762, during the Seven Years' War, a British expedition attacked and occupied Havana, the capital of Cuba. To secure the

neg: 1952 United States presidential election in Florida 1948 Dixiecrat voters or black belt whites turn over to Eisenhower on a large scale, although they were less loyal than in North Carolina, Texas and Virginia, where traditional Republicanism did exist. , this is the last election in which Collier County voted for a Democratic presidential candidate. 1952 United States presidential election in Florida The 1952 United States presidential election in Florida took place on November 4, 1952, as part of the 1952 United States presidential election. Florida voters chose ten representatives, or electors, to the Electoral College, who voted for president and vice president. Florida was won by

neg: 53rd Infantry Brigade Combat Team (United States) 53rd Infantry Brigade Combat Team (United States) The 53rd Infantry Brigade Combat Team is an infantry brigade combat team of the Florida Army National Guard. The 53rd Infantry Brigade is the largest National Guard unit in the state of Florida. The brigade was one of fifteen enhanced readiness brigades, designed and trained to support active duty divisions. The brigade includes 32 units in Florida and Alabama with 4,166 authorized personnel. When the 48th Armored Division was disbanded in 1968, its units in Florida became part of the 53rd Infantry Brigade (Separate). The distinctive unit insignia was originally approved for the

neg: 1868 United States presidential election in Florida 1868 United States presidential election in Florida The 1868 United States presidential election in Florida took place on November 3, 1868, as part of the 1868 United States presidential election. The state legislature chose three representatives, or electors to the Electoral College, who voted for president and vice president. Florida voted for the Republican nominee, Ulysses S. Grant. As a result of the status of Reconstruction, the state's three electoral votes were allocated by the State Legislature to Grant. This was the only time in the state's history that the popular vote did not decide the election in the state.

neg: Treaty of Moultrie Creek which often lived on both sides of the border between Florida and Georgia, came into increasing conflict with white settlers after the United States became independent. When the United States acquired Florida from Spain in 1821 (by means of the Adams-Onís Treaty), the conflict increased. In 1823, the United States government decided to settle the Seminoles on a reservation in the central part of the territory. A meeting to negotiate a treaty was scheduled for early September 1823 at Moultrie Creek, south of St. Augustine. About 425 Seminoles attended the meeting, choosing Neamathla, a prominent Mikasuki chief, to be their

neg: Kiln, Mississippi West Florida was ceded to Spain as part of the Peace of Paris, and the area became part of the province of Spanish West Florida. The United States claimed West Florida in 1803 as part of the Louisiana Purchase. However, Spain disputed this claim. Tensions between the United States and Spain grew as many Americans began to move into the area. A large number of these immigrants were Tories who resented Spanish rule. On May 14, 1812, immediately prior to the start of the War of 1812 with Great Britain, with whom Spain was allied, the United States assigned the

neg: 1860 United States House of Representatives election in Florida in both the First and Second Confederate Congress. Florida's seat in the United States Congress was vacant from January 21, 1860 until July 1, 1868 when Florida was readmitted following Reconstruction. 1860 United States House of Representatives election in Florida The election to the United States House of Representatives in Florida for the 37th Congress was held October 1, 1860 at the same time as the election for Governor. The winner of this election did not serve, as Florida seceded before the start of the 37th Congress. The incumbent George S. Hawkins (D), who had first been elected in 1856,

neg: Oglethorpe Plan lands claimed by France as part of Louisiana. Not until 1763 did the French formally cede this territory east of the Mississippi to Great Britain, but Spain still claimed a considerable portion of it. Much of the territory ultimately became American in 1795, when the United States resolved its West Florida boundary dispute with Spain. Oglethorpe's plan for settlement of the new colony had been in the works since 1730, three years before the founding of Savannah. The multifaceted plan sought to achieve several goals through interrelated policy and design elements, including the spacing of towns, the layout of towns

neg: Miami Biltmore Hotel Miami Biltmore Hotel The Miami Biltmore Hotel is a luxury hotel in Coral Gables, Florida, United States. It was designed by Schultze and Weaver and was built in 1926 by John McEntee Bowman and George Merrick as part of the Biltmore hotel chain. When completed it became the tallest building in Florida at 315 feet (96m) holding the record until 1928 when the Dade County Courthouse was built. The Miami-Biltmore Hotel & Country Club was designated a National Historic Landmark in 1996. On April 18, 2012, the AIA's Florida Chapter placed the building on its list of "Florida Architecture: 100

neg: Felony murder and the death penalty in the United States Felony murder and the death penalty in the United States The Supreme Court of the United States has held that the Eighth Amendment to the United States Constitution does not prohibit imposing the death penalty for felony murder. The Supreme Court has created a two-part test to determine when the death penalty is an appropriate punishment for felony murder. Under "Enmund v. Florida", the death penalty may not be imposed on someone who did not kill, attempt to kill, or intend that a killing take place. However, under "Tison v. Arizona", the death penalty "may" be imposed on someone who

neg: History of Bartow, Florida settlement of Florida. At first, the United States attempted to force the Seminoles onto a large reservation covering much of Central Florida, which included the land now part of present-day Bartow. At the conclusion of the First Seminole War, the United States passed the Indian Removal Act of 1830, which attempted to remove most of the Seminoles to Oklahoma. In 1845 Florida became the 27th state and the time seemed right for the part of Florida south of Gainesville to grow. This growth was slow at first: heat and humidity, dangerous wildlife, and uncharted swampland made a comfortable life in

neg: 1956 United States presidential election in Florida 1956 United States presidential election in Florida The 1956 United States presidential election in Florida was held on November 6, 1956, as part of the concurrent United States presidential election. Florida voters chose ten electors, or representatives to the Electoral College, who voted for president and vice president. Excepting the 1928 election when fierce anti-Catholicism and Prohibitionism caused Herbert Hoover to defeat the wet Catholic Al Smith, Florida since the end of Reconstruction had been a classic Southern one-party state dominated by the Democratic Party. Disfranchisement of African-Americans and many poor whites had virtually eliminated the Republican Party – only

neg: 1972 United States presidential election in Florida 1972 United States presidential election in Florida The 1972 United States presidential election in Florida was held on November 7, 1972, as part of the concurrent United States presidential election. Florida voters chose seventeen electors, or representatives to the Electoral College, who voted for president and vice president. After having been among the strongest parts of the Democratic "Solid South" between 1892 and 1944 – except when vehement pineywoods anti-Catholicism and extensive urban Republican voting gave the state's electoral votes to Herbert Hoover in 1928 – Florida turned into a Republican-leaning state at presidential level from 1948 due to the

neg: Plantation, Florida Plantation". Arcadia Publishing. . Plantation, Florida Plantation is a city in Broward County, Florida, United States. As of the 2010 United States Census the population was 84,955. It is a principal city of the Miami metropolitan area. The city's name comes from the previous part-owner of the land, the Everglades Plantation Company, and their attempts to establish a rice plantation in the area. Before the start of the twentieth century, the area that became Plantation was part of the Everglades wetlands, regularly covered by 2-3 feet of water. In 1855, Florida state passed the Internal Improvement Act and established the

neg: Ten-pin bowling record holder Rhys Parfitt by more than a year. Parfitt was 13 years, 4 months when he achieved a 300-game at the London international tenpin bowling tournament in 1994. In the United States, Hannah Diem of Seminole, Florida, became the youngest bowler to achieve a perfect 300 game in a certified event on November 17, 2013 at the age of 9 years, 6 months and 19 days. The game was bowled as part of a 730 series (204, 226, 300) in the Youth/Adult League at Liberty Lanes Largo, Florida. The record has been approved by the United States Bowling Congress.

neg: Florida Parishes The area that became the Florida Parishes was at one time part of French Louisiana. Following the French and Indian War, however, the region, like most of the rest of French Louisiana east of the Mississippi River (excepting New Orleans), was transferred to Great Britain. The region became part of the British colonial province of West Florida. Following the American Revolutionary War, West Florida was the subject of a border dispute between the newly-formed United States and Spain, which acquired West and East Florida from the British after the war. The dispute led American and British settlers in the part

neg: Niceville, Florida Niceville, Florida Niceville is a city in Okaloosa County, Florida, United States, located near Eglin Air Force Base on Boggy Bayou that opens into Choctawhatchee Bay. The population was 11,684 at the 2000 census. The 2010 census population for Niceville was 12,749. Niceville is part of the Fort Walton Beach–Crestview–Destin Metropolitan Statistical Area. When mail service began on July 21, 1868, the city was known as Boggy, and on November 5, 1910, the name was officially changed to Niceville. The name Niceville was selected by the postmaster's daughter. In 1915, Niceville became part of newly formed Okaloosa County after previously

neg: Seminole Wars war allowed more slaves to escape to Florida. The British promised slaves freedom for fighting with them. These events made the new United States enemies of the Seminoles. In 1783, as part of the treaty ending the Revolutionary War, Florida was returned to Spain. Spain's grip on Florida was light, as it maintained only small garrisons at St. Augustine, St. Marks and Pensacola. They did not control the border between Florida and the United States and were unable to act against the State of Muskogee established in 1799, envisioned as a single nation of American Indians independent of both Spain

neg: Plantation, Florida Plantation, Florida Plantation is a city in Broward County, Florida, United States. As of the 2010 United States Census the population was 84,955. It is a principal city of the Miami metropolitan area. The city's name comes from the previous part-owner of the land, the Everglades Plantation Company, and their attempts to establish a rice plantation in the area. Before the start of the twentieth century, the area that became Plantation was part of the Everglades wetlands, regularly covered by 2-3 feet of water. In 1855, Florida state passed the Internal Improvement Act and established the Internal Improvement Trust Fund,

neg: 2008 United States presidential election in Florida its delegates for the Democratic convention, generating unfavorable media attention. Moreover, Florida's demographics did not favor him. A haven for retirees, Florida lacked many of the younger voters who passionately supported the Democratic nominee. Thus, in early 2008, opinion polling showed Republican John McCain leading most polls, sometimes by double-digits. Near the end of September, however, when the financial crisis of 2008 became a more potent election issue, Obama proceeded to take the lead in most of the polls. Florida was especially hard hit by the economic shock. It was a hotspot of new homebuilding and suffered tremendously from the

neg: 1956 United States presidential election in Florida significant exception being a marked (though temporary) trend towards Eisenhower amongst the small but increasing number of Negro voters in the state. Eisenhower, aided further by increased Northerner migration, won against his rematch opponent Adlai Stevenson II by 163,474 votes or 14.54 percentage points. 1956 United States presidential election in Florida The 1956 United States presidential election in Florida was held on November 6, 1956, as part of the concurrent United States presidential election. Florida voters chose ten electors, or representatives to the Electoral College, who voted for president and vice president. Excepting the 1928 election when fierce anti-Catholicism and

neg: West Florida Controversy beginning to end of the territorial controversy with the United States that no just interpretation of the St. Ildefonso treaty and of its resultant Louisiana Purchase treaty would include any part of West Florida in the Louisiana retroceded to France and sold by the nation to the United States." The governor of West Florida, Vizente Folch and his superior, the governor of Cuba, [Marqués de]Someruelos, both informed the governor of Louisiana, Juan Manuel de Salcedo, that Spain retroceded to France exactly the territory that it had received forty years before. Therefore Louisiana did not include West Florida, which Spain had

neg: History of the United States Congress running for reelection became vital. For the most part between 1995 and 2007, the Republicans controlled both houses. In the wake of the unpopularity of President Clinton's impeachment trial, the 107th Congress (2001–2003) saw the Democrats and Republicans split control of the US Senate 50–50, ending effectively tied; Despite this gain in the Senate for the Democrats, Republican George W Bush would go on to gain the presidency due to the Supreme Court of the United States preventing a full recount in the Florida electoral count As a result of Bush's victory, Republican Vice-President Dick Cheney did have the tie-breaking

neg: 8th Infantry Division (United States) were the only divisional units to go to France. The 13th and 62nd Infantry Regiments were at sea when recalled after the Armistice, and the 12th Infantry did not leave its pre-embarkation point at Camp Mills, New York, because it was quarantined for Spanish influenza. The troops who did reach France became the garrison of Brest and assisted in building huge camps for troops about to embark for return to the United States. The 8th Infantry Regiment became part of the American occupation forces in Germany until August 1919 and the remainder returned to the United States in January 1919,

neg: Immokalee, Florida Immokalee, Florida Immokalee is an unincorporated area and a census-designated place (CDP) in Collier County, Florida, United States. Originally the region was occupied by the Calusa Indians and centuries later occupied by the Seminole, after they moved down from the northern part of Florida. Initially the settlement was known as Gopher Ridge by the Seminole and Miccosukee Indians. "Immokalee" means "your home" in Mikasuki language. When the swamps were drained in the region, agriculture became the dominant industry. European-American hunters, trappers, Indian traders, cowmen, and missionaries moved in before the development of permanent villages. The first permanent settlement was founded

neg: Blountstown, Florida High School for Ninth-Twelfth. Blountstown, Florida Blountstown is a city in Calhoun County, Florida, United States. The population was 2,514 at the 2010 census, which represented an increase from 2,444 in 2000. It is the county seat of Calhoun County. Blountstown is named for John Blount, a Creek Indian Chief who served as a guide for General Andrew Jackson during his invasion of Spanish Florida in 1818. This invasion caused the United States to purchase Florida from Spain and the territory became a part of the U.S. in 1821. The City of Blountstown was named for John Blount, a Seminole

neg: Blountstown, Florida Blountstown, Florida Blountstown is a city in Calhoun County, Florida, United States. The population was 2,514 at the 2010 census, which represented an increase from 2,444 in 2000. It is the county seat of Calhoun County. Blountstown is named for John Blount, a Creek Indian Chief who served as a guide for General Andrew Jackson during his invasion of Spanish Florida in 1818. This invasion caused the United States to purchase Florida from Spain and the territory became a part of the U.S. in 1821. The City of Blountstown was named for John Blount, a Seminole Indian Chief. Blount was

neg: Immokalee, Florida by Glades Media Company LLC. WAFZ's programming is also heard on WAFZ AM 1490 in Immokalee. Immokalee, Florida Immokalee is an unincorporated area and a census-designated place (CDP) in Collier County, Florida, United States. Originally the region was occupied by the Calusa Indians and centuries later occupied by the Seminole, after they moved down from the northern part of Florida. Initially the settlement was known as Gopher Ridge by the Seminole and Miccosukee Indians. "Immokalee" means "your home" in Mikasuki language. When the swamps were drained in the region, agriculture became the dominant industry. European-American hunters, trappers, Indian traders, cowmen,

neg: James Monroe with François Barbé-Marbois, the French foreign minister, Monroe and Livingston agreed to purchase the entire territory of Louisiana for $15 million; the purchase became known as the Louisiana Purchase. In agreeing to the purchase, Monroe violated his instructions, which had only allowed $9 million for the purchase of New Orleans and West Florida. The French did not acknowledge that West Florida remained in Spanish possession, and the United States would claim that France had sold West Florida to the United States for several years to come. Though he had not ordered the purchase of the entire territory, Jefferson strongly supported

neg: Stop the Beach Renourishment v. Florida Department of Environmental Protection Stop the Beach Renourishment v. Florida Department of Environmental Protection Stop the Beach Renourishment v. Florida Department of Environmental Protection, 560 U.S. 702 (2010), was a United States Supreme Court case in which the Court held that the Florida Supreme Court did not effect an unconstitutional taking of littoral property owners' rights to future accretions and to contact the water by upholding Florida's beach renourishment program. At issue was whether the Florida Supreme Court violated the United States Constitution's regulatory Takings Clause when it upheld a plan to create a state-owned public beach between private waterfront property and the Gulf

neg: The Floridas over the part of West Florida that comprised the modern-day Gulf coasts of Alabama and Mississippi and the Florida Parishes of Louisiana. After the ratification of the Adams-Onis Treaty in 1821 the United States combined East Florida and what had been the remaining Spanish-controlled rump of West Florida into the territory that comprised modern-day Florida. The Floridas The Floridas was a region of the southeastern United States comprising the historical colonies of East Florida and West Florida. The borders of East and West Florida varied. In 1783, when Spain acquired West Florida and re-acquired East Florida from Great Britain through

neg: Audrey Wood pushed into action. Don did not care for the illustrations in her first book when it was published in England, and he did the illustrations in her book "Moonflute" when it was published in the United States. He has been hooked on illustrating children's books ever since. Audrey Wood Audrey Wood (born August 12, 1948) is a children's author. She currently resides in Santa Barbara, California. Wood's first memories of storytelling were in Sarasota, Florida, where her father was employed by Ringling Brothers Circus, commissioned to repaint the big top and sideshow murals. As Audrey became friends with the characters

neg: Nicolle Velez Bears Varsity Swim team and the Beta Upsilon Delta sorority. Nicolle participated in the Miss New York USA 2013 pageant representing the neighborhood of Williamsburg, Brooklyn. She did not place in this pageant. Nicolle joined the 2013 Miss U.S. International 2013 in Kissimmee, Florida where she represented the state of Pennsylvania. She finished as second runner up to Andrea Neu of Colorado who subsequently became Nicolle's successor as Miss Earth United States when Andrea joined in 2014. Nicolle eventually joined Miss Earth United States 2013. The pageant was held in Honolulu, Hawaii. She represented the Empire State. She eventually won

neg: Altoona, Florida Altoona, Florida Altoona is an unincorporated census-designated place in Lake County, Florida, United States. The population was 88 at the 2000 United States Census. It is part of the Orlando–Kissimmee–Sanford Metropolitan Statistical Area. Altoona is located at (28.965742, -81.648453). According to the United States Census Bureau, the CDP has a total area of , of which is land and (12.00%) is water. Altoona was either named after Thomas Jefferson Hinson's hometown of Allatoona, Georgia, or after Altoona, Pennsylvania, which was the hometown of Augustus Gottschee, the first merchant in this settlement. Altoona became an incorporated municipality on February 12, 1887.

neg: 1860 United States House of Representatives election in Florida 1860 United States House of Representatives election in Florida The election to the United States House of Representatives in Florida for the 37th Congress was held October 1, 1860 at the same time as the election for Governor. The winner of this election did not serve, as Florida seceded before the start of the 37th Congress. The incumbent George S. Hawkins (D), who had first been elected in 1856, did not run for re-election. The winner of this election did not serve due to Florida's secession. He subsequently won election to represent Florida's 2nd district in the Confederate Congress, serving

neg: Lutz, Florida Lutz, Florida Lutz is an unincorporated census-designated place (CDP) in Hillsborough County, Florida, United States. It is fifteen miles north of Tampa. The northern part of Lutz also makes up a portion of south Pasco County. The population was 19,344 at the 2010 census. Lutz began with the construction of a small train depot on the Tampa Northern Railroad. The area surrounding the depot officially became known as "Lutz" when the U.S. Postal Service authorized a post office. The community was named for W. P. Lutz, who was credited with bringing the railroad to town. As people moved to the

neg: United States congressional delegations from Florida by Tom Lewis. However, the area they serve identically covers much of the Polk County area previously represented by Andy Ireland when it was part of the . List of members of the Floridian United States House delegation, their terms in office, district boundaries, and the district political ratings according to the CPVI. The delegation has a total of 27 members, including 16 Republicans and 11 Democrats. Tables showing membership in the Florida federal House delegation throughout history of statehood in the United States. Until 1873, Florida had one seat, elected at-large statewide. Following the 1870 census, Florida was reapportioned

neg: Edgewater, Volusia County, Florida Edgewater, Volusia County, Florida Edgewater is a city in Volusia County, Florida, United States, situated along the Indian River, adjacent to the Mosquito Lagoon. As of the 2010 United States Census, the city had a population of 20,750. It is a part of the Deltona–Daytona Beach–Ormond Beach, FL metropolitan statistical area, which was home to 590,289 people in 2010. A settlement in the area was established by John Milton Hawks. It was named Hawks Park until 1924 when the Florida Legislature renamed it. Edgewater is located at . According to the United States Census Bureau, the city has a total

neg: Kenneth Raymond Fleenor Japan, he eventually rose to the position of flight commander. Fleenor was assigned to Laredo Air Force Base in 1957 where he was a flight instructor and flight commander. In a 1962 duty exchange with the United States Navy, he was sent to NAS Meridian in Mississippi and NAS Pensacola in Florida where he became qualified on the F-4 Phantom II. His training enabled him to help the Air Force integrate the F-4 into its inventory, and he became part of a 1963 vanguard to establish F-4 combat training at MacDill Air Force Base in Florida. When the Air Force

neg: Duck Key Duck Key Duck Key is an island in Monroe County, Florida, United States, in the middle Florida Keys. It is part of the Duck Key, Florida census-designated place. The CDP also includes the neighboring island of Conch Key. The key was the site of a salt manufacturing operation in the 1820s & 1830s. Occupation of the island ceased after the Labor Day Hurricane of 1935 and did not resume until the key was connected to the highway by a causeway in 1953. J.W. Norie, in his Piloting Directions for the Gulf of Florida, The Bahama Bank & Islands (1828) states:

neg: West Florida The United States laid claim to the territory from the Perdido River to the Mississippi River, which the Americans believed had been a part of the old province of Louisiana when the French had agreed to cede it to Spain in 1762. The Spanish insisted that they had administered that portion as the province of West Florida and that it was not part of the territory restored to France by Charles IV in 1802, as France had never given West Florida to Spain, among a list of other reasons. The United States and Spain held long, inconclusive negotiations on the

neg: McLaughlin v. Florida cohabitation) was ancillary to Section 741.11 (prohibiting intermarriage), the Court did not consider the latter statute, and it remained in force until "Loving v. Virginia" (1967). McLaughlin v. Florida McLaughlin v. Florida, 379 U.S. 184 (1964), was a case in which the United States Supreme Court ruled unanimously that a cohabitation law of Florida, part of the state's anti-miscegenation laws, was unconstitutional. The law prohibited habitual cohabitation by two unmarried people of opposite sex, if one was black and the other was white. The decision overturned "Pace v. Alabama" (1883), which had declared such statutes constitutional. It did not overturn

neg: Sonoma, California 1848, when Mexico and the United States ratified the Treaty of Guadalupe Hidalgo, Alta California was officially militarily-occupied enemy territory. Until a civilian authority was established the military decided to retain the Mexican administrative and judicial system of "prefects" for districts and "alcaldes" for municipalities. This continued even after California became part of the United States because Congress never did organize California as a U. S. territory. California remained a military district so the old Mexican laws, supplemented by pronouncements of the military governors, largely remained in place. California finally did achieve statehood on September 9, 1850, as part of

neg: John Forbes and Company in Mobile, which remained in West Florida although the United States claimed it had been part of the Louisiana Purchase of 1803. John Forbes and Company operated in West Florida under the protection of the Spanish Crown. When the United States annexed Mobile and part of West Florida in 1814, Forbes and his partners, James and John Innerarity, claimed Spanish citizenship by residence, and obtained decrees from the Spanish governor verifying their status. The men adopted Spanish names and probably spoke fluent Spanish. To help affirm Spain's right to possess the territory, "Juan Forbes" wrote a book in 1804 entitled

neg: Peace of Paris (1783) Florida from the United States had to move again). Both East Florida and part of West Florida had been Spanish possessions before 1763, so the 1783 treaty did not specify boundaries, allowing the Spanish to claim that the 1763 boundaries still applied (the remainder of West Florida had been part of French Louisiana before 1763, and the rest of Louisiana had then been handed over to Spain). The opportunity was taken to resolve long-standing disputes about logwood cutting in Central America. The British, however, continued to hold Gibraltar after the siege was abandoned. Although France was an ally of both

neg: Bush v. Palm Beach County Canvassing Board questions. First, did post-election court decisions in Florida violate the Due Process Clause of the U.S. Constitution or ? Second, did the Florida Supreme Court violate Article II of the United States Constitution, which confers plenary power in federal election matters on state legislatures, when the Florida Supreme Court allegedly changed the manner in which Florida's electoral votes were chosen? The Court unanimously held that there was "considerable uncertainty" as to the reasons for the Florida Supreme Court's decision. Therefore, the Court declined to review the questions presented, instead vacating the Florida Supreme Court decision and remanding the case for

neg: Indigenous people of the Everglades region animals. They hunted for what they ate, and traded with European-American settlers. They lived in structures called chickees, open-sided palm-thatched huts, probably adapted from the Calusa. In 1817, Andrew Jackson invaded Florida to hasten its annexation to the United States in what became the First Seminole War. After Florida became a U.S. territory and settlement increased, conflicts between colonists and Seminoles became more frequent. The Second Seminole War (1835–1842) resulted in almost 4,000 Seminoles in Florida being displaced or killed. The Seminole Wars pushed the Indians farther south and into the Everglades. Those who did not find refuge in the

neg: Florida-class battleship work, which lasted until 31 August 1911, when she was commissioned into the American fleet. "Florida" took part in the Second battle of Vera Cruz in 1914. She and her sister "Utah" were the first two ships on the scene; the two ships landed some 1,000 sailors and Marines under the command of "Florida"s captain on 21 April. Fighting lasted for 3 days; the contingent from "Florida" and "Utah" suffered a total of 94 casualties. After the United States entered World War I in April 1917, "Florida" was dispatched to Europe; she departed the United States in December 1917. After

neg: 1984 United States presidential election in Florida expense of the middle class." These public opinion factors contributed to Reagan's 1984 landslide victory, in Florida and elsewhere. 1984 United States presidential election in Florida The 1984 United States presidential election in Florida took place on November 6, 1984. All fifty states and the District of Columbia, were part of the 1984 United States presidential election. Florida voters chose twenty-one electors to the Electoral College, which selected the president and vice president of the United States. Florida was won by incumbent United States President Ronald Reagan of California, who was running against former Vice President Walter Mondale of Minnesota.

neg: Posse Comitatus Act was added in 1956. This law is often relied upon to prevent the Department of Defense from interfering in domestic law enforcement. The United States Coast Guard is not included in the act even though it is one of the five armed services because it is not a part of the Department of Defense. At the time the act became law, the modern Coast Guard did not exist. Its predecessor, the United States Revenue Cutter Service, was primarily a customs enforcement agency and part of the United States Department of the Treasury. In 1915, when the Revenue Cutter Service and

neg: Spanish Florida aided Great Britain against the United States during the War of 1812 and led to American military incursions into northern Florida beginning in late 1814 during what became known as the First Seminole War. As with earlier American incursions into Florida, Spain protested this invasion but could not defend its territory, and instead opened diplomatic negotiations seeking a peaceful transfer of land. By the terms of the Adams–Onís Treaty of 1819, Spanish Florida ceased to exist in 1821, when control of the territory was officially transferred to the United States. Juan Ponce de León is generally credited as being the

neg: 2006 United States House of Representatives elections in Florida fact that 13% of Sarasota County residents did not vote in the Congressional election, an unusually high number and the fact that the touch-screen machines did not provide a paper trail. Believing the matter to be unsettled, Jennings sued to challenge the results of the election in court, noting the "pervasive malfunctioning of electronic voting machines." A Florida circuit judge rejected her lawsuit in December 2006, ruling that her allegations of lost votes in Sarasota County were "conjecture." Jennings met further failure in June 2007, when a Florida state appellate court ruled that Jennings did not meet the "extraordinary burden"

neg: Urca de Lima Urca de Lima Urca de Lima is a Spanish shipwreck (which sank in 1715) near Fort Pierce, Florida, United States. She was part of the 1715 Treasure Fleet, herself, one of the numerous Spanish treasure fleets sailing between Spain and her colonies in the Americas. The wreck is located north of Fort Pierce Inlet, 200 yards off the shore from Jack Island Park. It became the first Florida Underwater Archaeological Preserve when dedicated in 1987. This was followed on May 31, 2001 with its addition to the U.S. National Register of Historic Places. The original name of the ship was

neg: Mount Plymouth, Florida Mount Plymouth, Florida Mount Plymouth is a census-designated place (CDP) in Lake County, Florida, United States. As of the 2010 census, the CDP population was 4,011. It is part of the Orlando–Kissimmee Metropolitan Statistical Area. Mount Plymouth is located at (28.799103, -81.531669). According to the United States Census Bureau, the CDP has a total area of , of which is land and (4.78%) is water. The Historic Mount Plymouth Hotel, built in 1926 at the cost of $350,000, was the centerpiece of a golfing resort for the area. The hotel became a center of activity in the area. Guests such

neg: Mary Alessi Mary Alessi Mary Alessi is a Christian songwriter and Worship leader. The daughter of evangelists, Mary and her twin sister Martha Munizzi were born in Lakeland, Florida but grew up traveling across the United States and ministering through music with her family. Mary, Martha, and their older sister Marvelyne were born with their parents' talent for music and became a part of the traveling family group as kids. The family settled in Orlando, Florida when Mary and Martha were 12, so that the children could attend formal, public school. At age 16, Mary, Martha and Marveline, age 18, helped form

neg: Sun-Ray Cinema became KBJ Architects. The theater is part of a much larger Italian Renaissance revival building. Benjamin went on to design more than 200 theaters throughout Florida and the southeastern United States, including Downtown Jacksonville's Florida Theatre. The first "talkie" shown in the theater was "Don Juan", starring John Barrymore and Mary Astor. Admission was $1.10, an expensive ticket considering the prevailing wage was less than a quarter per hour. The building was remodeled in 1949 and renamed the Five Points Theater when the marquee was added, which remains to this day. In 1977 the theater closed for several years and

neg: 1984 United States presidential election in Florida 1984 United States presidential election in Florida The 1984 United States presidential election in Florida took place on November 6, 1984. All fifty states and the District of Columbia, were part of the 1984 United States presidential election. Florida voters chose twenty-one electors to the Electoral College, which selected the president and vice president of the United States. Florida was won by incumbent United States President Ronald Reagan of California, who was running against former Vice President Walter Mondale of Minnesota. Reagan ran for a second time with former C.I.A. Director George H. W. Bush of Texas, and Mondale ran

neg: 1988 United States presidential election in Florida 1988 United States presidential election in Florida The 1988 United States presidential election in Florida took place on November 8, 1988. All fifty states and the District of Columbia, were part of the 1988 United States presidential election. Florida voters chose twenty-one electors to the Electoral College, which selected the president and vice president. Florida was won by incumbent United States Vice President George H. W. Bush of Texas, who was running against Massachusetts Governor Michael Dukakis. Bush ran with Indiana Senator Dan Quayle as Vice President, and Dukakis ran with Texas Senator Lloyd Bentsen. Florida weighed in for this

neg: 1844 United States House of Representatives elections the slight Democratic loses. Five seats were added for the new States of Florida (1), Iowa (2), and Texas (2). Florida was represented for the entirety of the 29th Congress, while Texas was unrepresented for part of the 1st session and Iowa for all of the 1st session. 1844 United States House of Representatives elections Elections to the United States House of Representatives for the 29th Congress were held at different dates in the various states from July 1, 1844 (Louisiana) to November 4, 1845 (Mississippi). All 227 members of the House of Representatives elected took their seats when Congress

neg: Oakland Park, Florida Oakland Park, Florida Oakland Park, officially the City of Oakland Park, is a city in Broward County, Florida, United States. As of the 2010 United States Census, the city's population was 41,363, mainly due to annexation of North Andrews Gardens and Twin Lakes South. It is part of the Miami–Fort Lauderdale–Pompano Beach Metropolitan Statistical Area, which was home to 5,564,635 people at the 2010 census. Originally named "Floranada" (a blend of Florida and Canada), the town was forced into bankruptcy after the hurricane of 1926. When the municipality reincorporated, residents chose to make it a city and voted for the

neg: 116th Infantry Regiment (United States) the regiment was merged with parts of the 1st Regiment of Infantry. It was called up between 10 and 21 May 1898 and designated the 2nd Virginia Volunteer Infantry, under the command of Colonel James C. Baker. On 2 June, the regiment began its movement to Jacksonville, Florida, where it became part of the Seventh Army Corps at Camp Cuba Libre when it arrived on 3 June. The regiment, along with the 4th Virginia and the 49th Iowa, became part of the Third Brigade of the corps' Second Division. On 12 August, the Protocol of Peace was signed, ending the

neg: Pine Castle, Florida Pine Castle, Florida Pine Castle is a census-designated place and unincorporated area in Orange County, Florida, United States. It is part of the Orlando–Kissimmee–Sanford, Florida Metropolitan Statistical Area. Initially settled in 1870, the town's development has been shaped by that of Orlando, approximately to the north. From just before 1882 the South Florida Railroad mainline, which became part of the Plant System in 1893 and the Atlantic Coast Line Railroad in 1902, provided regular rapid passenger and freight service. The town officially incorporated in 1925, but later reverted to unincorporated development. The population was 10,805 at the 2010 census. Passenger

neg: United States District Court for the Southern District of Florida United States District Court for the Southern District of Florida The United States District Court for the Southern District of Florida (in case citations, S.D. Fla. or S.D. Fl.) is the federal United States district court with territorial jurisdiction over the southern part of the state of Florida. Appeals from cases brought in the Southern District of Florida are to the United States Court of Appeals for the Eleventh Circuit (except for patent claims and claims against the U.S. government under the Tucker Act, which are appealed to the Federal Circuit). On the same day that Florida was admitted as

neg: 1866 United States elections 1866 United States elections The 1866 United States elections occurred in the middle of National Union/Democratic President Andrew Johnson's term, during the Third Party System and Reconstruction. Johnson had become president on April 15, 1865, upon the death of his predecessor, Abraham Lincoln. Members of the 40th United States Congress were chosen in this election. As this was the first election after the Civil War, many ex-Confederates were barred from voting, and several Southern states did not take part in the election. Delegations from Arkansas, Florida, Alabama, North Carolina, Louisiana, and South Carolina were re-admitted during the 40th Congress. President

neg: USCGC Fir (WLM-212) classic lines and her spaces were lavishly appointed with mahogany, teak, and brass. The crew did intricate ropework throughout the ship. The cost to build "Fir" was approximately 390,000. "Fir's" homeport was Seattle, Washington for all but one of her fifty one years of service when she was temporarily assigned to Long Beach, California when was decommissioned on 1 July 1982. On 1 July 1939 the United States Lighthouse Service became a part of the United States Coast Guard. On 1 October 1940 "Fir" was commissioned as the United States Coast Guard Cutter "Fir" (WAGL-212). With the onset of World

neg: History of Mobile, Alabama History of Mobile, Alabama Mobile was founded as the capital of colonial French Louisiana in 1702 and remained a part of New France for over 60 years. During 1720, when France warred with Spain, Mobile was on the battlefront, so the capital moved west to Biloxi. In 1763, Britain took control of the colony following their victory in the Seven Years War. Following the American Revolutionary War, Mobile did not become a part of the United States, as it was part of territory captured by Spain from Great Britain in 1780. Mobile first became a part of the United States

neg: New College of Florida through its Sarasota branch program sharing the campus. As part of a major reorganization of Florida's public education system in 2001, New College severed its ties with USF, became the eleventh independent school in the Florida State University System, and adopted its current name, New College of Florida. As part of its establishment as an independent university, the University of South Florida was directed to relocate its facilities away from the New College campus, which it did on August 28, 2006, when it opened a new campus for USF Sarasota-Manatee. Today, as Florida's independent honors college, New College retains its

neg: Miami Biltmore Hotel a colony of Lilac-crowned "(Amazona viridigenalis)" and red-crowned parrots "(Amazona finschi)". In 2018, The Jim McLean Golf School moved from Trump Doral to the golf course. The Biltmore spa is full service spa which is a member of Leading Spas of the World. Miami Biltmore Hotel The Miami Biltmore Hotel is a luxury hotel in Coral Gables, Florida, United States. It was designed by Schultze and Weaver and was built in 1926 by John McEntee Bowman and George Merrick as part of the Biltmore hotel chain. When completed it became the tallest building in Florida at 315 feet (96m) holding

neg: Arthur H. Graubart down in Palm Beach, Florida, when not spending time in Germany during summers. On October 20, 1969, he became deputy of the Palm Beach Civil Defense Council and held this position until August 14, 1984. He was a life member of the United States Submarine Veterans, Snug Harbor Base/ Miocco/Fl. chapter. Graubart died on August 12, 2003, in Palm Beach, Florida. He is buried at the United States Naval Academy Cemetery Annapolis, Anne Arundel County, Maryland, United States. Commander: 15 December 1942 Arthur H. Graubart Arthur Harrison "Speedy" Graubart (December 8, 1901 in Albany, New York – August 12, 2003

neg: Florida Railroad Navigation Company. Florida Railroad The Florida Railroad was the first railroad to connect the east and west coasts of Florida, running from Fernandina to Cedar Key. The line later became part of the Seaboard Air Line Railroad, and, where still in use, is operated by CSX Transportation and the First Coast Railroad. The highway corridor of SR 24, US 301, and SR A1A closely parallels the former Florida Railroad. The water route between the east coast and gulf coast of the United States passes through the Straits of Florida, close to the Florida Reef that lies just off the Florida

neg: Florida Railroad Florida Railroad The Florida Railroad was the first railroad to connect the east and west coasts of Florida, running from Fernandina to Cedar Key. The line later became part of the Seaboard Air Line Railroad, and, where still in use, is operated by CSX Transportation and the First Coast Railroad. The highway corridor of SR 24, US 301, and SR A1A closely parallels the former Florida Railroad. The water route between the east coast and gulf coast of the United States passes through the Straits of Florida, close to the Florida Reef that lies just off the Florida Keys. Prior

neg: Republic of West Florida of West Florida, concluding with Pinckney's Treaty in 1795. In 1800, under duress from Napoleon of France, Spain ceded Louisiana and the island of New Orleans back to France, which promised to return them to Spain should France ever relinquish them. This cession did not include West Florida. In 1803, France then sold Louisiana and New Orleans to the United States. The U.S. claimed that West Florida was part of the Louisiana Purchase, a claim disputed by Spain, as it had controlled West Florida as a province separate from Spanish Louisiana since 1783. There was an influx of Americans into

neg: McLaughlin v. Florida McLaughlin v. Florida McLaughlin v. Florida, 379 U.S. 184 (1964), was a case in which the United States Supreme Court ruled unanimously that a cohabitation law of Florida, part of the state's anti-miscegenation laws, was unconstitutional. The law prohibited habitual cohabitation by two unmarried people of opposite sex, if one was black and the other was white. The decision overturned "Pace v. Alabama" (1883), which had declared such statutes constitutional. It did not overturn the related Florida statute that prohibited interracial marriage between whites and blacks. Such laws were declared unconstitutional in 1967 in "Loving v. Virginia". In 1962, Dewey

neg: 1972 United States presidential election – Catholic middle America, in particular – finds this out, he's dead." The label stuck and McGovern became known as the candidate of "amnesty, abortion, and acid". It became Humphrey's battle cry to stop McGovern—especially in the Nebraska primary. Alabama Governor George Wallace, an anti-integrationist, did well in the South (he won every county in the Florida primary) and among alienated and dissatisfied voters in the North. What might have become a forceful campaign was cut short when Wallace was shot in an assassination attempt by Arthur Bremer on May 15. Wallace was struck by five bullets and left paralyzed

neg: Richard Kelly (politician) While in Colorado, he married for the first of five times. He was admitted to the Florida bar the same year and practiced in Zephyrhills. In 1953, he became city attorney of Zephyrhills and worked from 1956 to 1959 as senior assistant to the United States Attorney for the Southern District of Florida. Kelly was appointed circuit judge of the sixth judicial circuit of Florida and served from 1960 to 1974, when he was elected to the United States House of Representatives as a Republican. He served three terms in the House of Representatives, starting in 1971. He opposed Food

neg: 1876 United States presidential election in Florida popular vote. Florida, along with South Carolina and Louisiana, was one of the states affected by the Compromise of 1877 where they gave their electoral votes to Hayes by using fraud to change the outcomes of the elections. This would be the final time a Republican presidential candidate would carry Florida until 1928. 1876 United States presidential election in Florida The 1876 United States presidential election in Florida took place on November 7, 1876, as part of the 1876 United States presidential election. Florida voters chose four representatives, or electors, to the Electoral College, who voted for president and vice

neg: 1940 United States presidential election in Florida 1940 United States presidential election in Florida The 1940 United States presidential election in Florida was held on November 5, 1940, as part of the concurrent United States presidential election. Florida voters chose seven electors, or representatives to the Electoral College, who voted for president and vice president. Florida had been one of the most solid members of the "Solid South" ever since the 1889 poll tax disfranchised almost all blacks and most poor whites. Unlike southern states extending into the Appalachian Mountains or Ozarks, or Texas with its German settlements in the Edwards Plateau, Florida completely lacked upland or

neg: Tampa, Florida century, events in the American colonies and early United States drove the Seminole people into northern Florida, but they did not move into central Florida until after the United States gained control of Florida in 1821. Before the American period, the Tampa Bay area had a handful of residents: Cuban and Native American fishermen who established small seasonal camps called "ranchos" on the shores of Tampa Bay. The largest was at the mouth of Spanishtown Creek in today's Hyde Park neighborhood along Bayshore Boulevard. After purchasing Florida from Spain in 1821, the United States built forts and trading posts in

neg: Mountain Lake, Florida trio also went on to design and develop Fishers Island in the 1920s. There are some notes in the archives at Mountain Lake that Ruth spoke to Donald Ross (who did nearby Lake Wales Country Club) prior to selecting Raynor, however Raynor was chosen and Mountain Lake became the first development of its kind. Mountain Lake, Florida Mountain Lake is a private community north of the City of Lake Wales, Florida, United States. It was founded in 1915 and contains a golf course designed in 1916 by Seth Raynor. Mountain Lake is located in the ridge country of Central Florida,

neg: 1940 United States presidential election in Florida county in Florida for the third successive election and for the ninth occasion in thirteen elections since the recently abolished poll tax was originally imposed. Willkie, who improved by over eight percent upon Alf Landon's performance in 1936, gained less than half that amount in Florida. 1940 United States presidential election in Florida The 1940 United States presidential election in Florida was held on November 5, 1940, as part of the concurrent United States presidential election. Florida voters chose seven electors, or representatives to the Electoral College, who voted for president and vice president. Florida had been one of the

neg: Auburndale, Florida Auburndale, Florida Auburndale is a city in Polk County, Florida, United States. The population was 11,032 at the 2000 census. According to the U.S Census estimates of 2005, the city had a population of 12,381. It is part of the Lakeland–Winter Haven Metropolitan Statistical Area. Auburndale was founded in 1880 by Frank Fuller, who was seeking refuge from chilly winters in the Northeast United States. The place was originally named Sanatoria, from a hotel located there. When the railroad arrived in the 1880s, the town was renamed Auburndale at the suggestion of settlers from Auburndale, Massachusetts. The New England town

neg: Econfina Creek various times prior the acquisition of Florida by the United States. In the 1830s these people were forced to leave Florida as part of the Trail of Tears. White settlers started moving into the land along Econfina Creek shortly after the United States acquired Florida in 1821. One of the earliest settlers was William Gainer, who was with Andrew Jackson's forces when they passed through the area on their way to Pensacola in 1818 (during the First Seminole War). The bottom land along Econfina Creek was the only place in what is now Bay County that had plantations using slaves.

neg: West Florida Controversy utter failure of the mission in all its objects." Chambers observes that, in a letter written by Jefferson in 1809 after he had left office, Madison's claim to West Florida did not impress the mind of the former president, finding Jefferson's words to be a virtual acknowledgement that the acquisition of the Floridas was a matter for future consideration, and that neither one of the Floridas had come into possession of the United States by the Louisiana Purchase. Chambers also explains how, "when the United States purchased Louisiana, it acquired a vitiated title, which, if Spain had been at the

neg: St. Francisville, Louisiana eastern side of the Mississippi River until it and the United States settled this issue in the Pinckney Treaty. This region is today called the Florida Parishes. In 1810, St. Francisville served as the capital of the Republic of West Florida, when area planters ousted the Spanish government of the Baton Rouge District and set up their own independent republic for 74 days, before being annexed to the Territory of Orleans, as a possession of the United States. In 1824, when Feliciana Parish was split into East and West, St. Francisville became the seat of West Feliciana Parish's government. In

neg: Maritime history of Florida have accumulated around this individual, whose memory is celebrated each February with the Gasparilla Pirate Festival in Tampa, most historians have concluded he never existed. Spain ceded Florida to the United States as part of the Adams–Onís Treaty of 1819, and Florida became a U.S. territory in 1821. Coastal trade with other markets continued to expand and towns like Jacksonville, Pensacola and Tampa became important ports. After becoming a U.S. territory, the federal government began building a series of lighthouses as aids to navigation along the coasts of Florida to mark dangerous headlands, shoals, bars and reefs. Florida's first coastal

neg: History of Pensacola, Florida being trapped in landlocked states without seaports, agitated to annex more of West Florida. They succeeded in doing so with the military aid of General Andrew Jackson. He captured much of West Florida in the 1810s. He briefly returned Pensacola to Spain but areas further west became part of the new states of Mississippi (1817) and Alabama (1819). In 1819, the United States captured Pensacola again, increasing pressure against Spain. An 1820 Spanish census recorded 181 households, with about one third of mixed race: typically a white man with a woman of black or mulatto ancestry, and their children. There

neg: 1928 United States presidential election in Florida parts of the white South – with the result that Hoover gained his largest margin amongst the five Confederate states he carried. 1928 United States presidential election in Florida The 1928 United States presidential election in Florida was held on November 6, 1928, as part of the 1928 United States presidential election held throughout all contemporary forty-eight states. Florida voters chose six electors, or representatives to the Electoral College, who voted for president and vice president. Ever since the disfranchisement of blacks at the beginning of the 1890s, Florida had been a one-party state ruled by the Democratic Party. The

neg: Alan Schlesinger in an August primary. Upon his victory, Lieberman announced he would caucus with the Democratic majority in the Senate in the 110th United States Congress. After his defeat, Schlesinger became involved in Florida politics. He previously lived there part-time in Palm Beach County and moved there full-time. He considered running for against Democratic incumbent Ron Klein in 2008 and for in the 2010 special election to replace Democrat Robert Wexler, who had resigned, but ultimately did not run in either race. In 2013, Schlesinger announced his candidacy for Congress in , centered around Palm Beach. The incumbent was Democrat Patrick

neg: New Port Richey, Florida New Port Richey, Florida New Port Richey is a city in Pasco County, Florida, United States. It is a suburban city included in the Tampa-St. Petersburg-Clearwater, Florida Metropolitan Statistical Area. By 1914 the area around Orange Lake was being called "new Port Richey" and the older part of Port Richey was called "old Port Richey." In 1915 a separate post office was established for the residents of the southern part of Port Richey. The post office was named New Port Richey, and the name became official. The first postmaster was Gerben DeVries. The growth of the city came about after

neg: Mustang been refuted. Horse breeding in sufficient numbers to establish a self-sustaining population developed in what today is the southwestern United States starting in 1598 when Juan de Oñate founded Santa Fe de Nuevo México. From 75 horses in his original expedition, he expanded his herd to 800, and from there the horse population increased rapidly. While the Spanish also brought horses to Florida in the 16th century, the Choctaw and Chickasaw horses of what is now the southeastern United States are believed to be descended from western mustangs that moved east, and thus Spanish horses in Florida did not influence

neg: Death squad rights abuses was a product of the intense ideological polarization in the United States. The Reagan administration downplayed the scale of abuse as well as the involvement of state actors. Because of the level of denial, as well as the extent of U.S. involvement with the Salvadoran military and security forces, the U.S. role in El Salvador- what was known about death squads, when it was known, and what actions the United States did or did not take to curb their abuses- became an important part of El Salvador's death squad story.". Some death squads, such as Sombra Negra, are