query: calcutta was capital of british till which year

pos: History of Kolkata History of Kolkata Kolkata, formerly known as Calcutta in English, is the capital of the Indian state of West Bengal and is located in eastern India on the east bank of the River Hooghly. The city was a colonial city developed by the British East India Company and then by the British Empire. Kolkata was the capital of the British Indian empire until 1911 when the capital was relocated to Delhi. Kolkata grew rapidly in the 19th century to become the second city of the British Indian Empire. This was accompanied by the development of a culture that fused European

pos: Mosques in Kolkata Mosques in Kolkata Mosques in Kolkata refers to mosques in the city of Kolkata (earlier known as Calcutta), in India. Kolkata is the capital city of West Bengal, a state in the eastern part of India. The city is more than 300 years old (as Kolkata) and was the capital of British India till early 1911. Kolkata hosts many churches, temples and mosques, along with other religious places. Muslims have been settling in Calcutta since the early 19th century, but the pace was accelerated from the 1860s onwards, mainly due to the harsh economic conditions in Bihar and the United

pos: Kolkata Calcutta in 1756, and the East India Company retook it the following year. In 1793 the East India company was strong enough to abolish Nizamat (local rule), and assumed full sovereignty of the region. Under the company rule, and later under the British Raj, Calcutta served as the capital of British-held territories in India until 1911, when its perceived geographical disadvantages, combined with growing nationalism in Bengal, led to a shift of the capital to New Delhi. Calcutta was the centre for the Indian independence movement; it remains a hotbed of contemporary state politics. Following Indian independence in 1947, Kolkata,

pos: Stanley Wolpert but flawed book." He added, "Wolpert's narrative is rather bloodless; the characters on its pages are largely just names, with little physical description, social background or political context provided. Two skimpy chapters on Gandhi's legacy are all that justify the book's subtitle... the book is riddled with minor errors unworthy of a historian of Wolpert's eminence, ranging from the description of Ahmedabad in 1887 as the capital of Gujarat, a state that did not come into existence till the 1950s, to placing the British Viceroy in 1925 in Calcutta, though British India had moved its capital to Delhi in 1911...

pos: Kolkata Derby represent the 'immigrant' population (similar to Celtic). However, many people having Bangladeshi origin also support Mohun Bagan. Similarly, some people of Bengali (West Bengal) origin support East Bengal. Mohun Bagan is oldest existing club of India having been established in 1889 in the city, then known under its anglicized name, Calcutta and till date one of the two most successful clubs in India, the other being East Bengal Club. The significant British influence in what was, until 1911, the nation's capital, ensured the game flourished, drawing players from other regions, and it is against this backdrop in which today's rivalry

pos: New Delhi entities, with New Delhi forming a small part of Delhi. The National Capital Region is a much larger entity comprising the entire NCT along with adjoining districts in neighboring states. Calcutta (now Kolkata) was the capital of India during the British Raj, until December 1911. Calcutta had become the centre of the nationalist movements since the late nineteenth century, which led to the Partition of Bengal by then Viceroy of British India, Lord Curzon. This created massive political and religious upsurge including political assassinations of British officials in Calcutta. The anti-colonial sentiments amongst the public led to complete boycott of

pos: Mosques in Kolkata in Kolkata (in Entally). The majority of Muslims Migrated to east Pakistan but since the Muslim population have exceed 8 times that of hindu(5 More kids than Average Hindus). Muslims have caught the proportions to pre-partition India solely by high Birthrate. Mosques in Kolkata Mosques in Kolkata refers to mosques in the city of Kolkata (earlier known as Calcutta), in India. Kolkata is the capital city of West Bengal, a state in the eastern part of India. The city is more than 300 years old (as Kolkata) and was the capital of British India till early 1911. Kolkata hosts many

pos: Eastern South Asia for many years. Fort William's surroundings grew into the port city of Calcutta, which was the capital of India until 1911. After the British Indian Empire was established in 1858 following the Indian Rebellion of 1857, the Bengal Renaissance flourished in Calcutta and other Bengali urban centers. The Indian independence movement, including parts of the movement which created Pakistan, had its origins in the Bengal Presidency. The Parliament of Bengal, including the Bengal Legislative Council and the Bengal Legislative Assembly, was the oldest and largest in British India. The Bengal Presidency had the highest gross domestic product in British India.

pos: History of Kolkata date its beginnings as a major city from the construction of [[Fort William, India|Fort William]] by the [[United Kingdom|British]] in 1698, though this is debated (see the court ruling in "Name and origins" above). From 1772 to 1911, Calcutta was the capital of British India. From 1912 to India's Independence in 1947, it was the capital of all of [[Bengal]]. After Independence, Calcutta remained the capital of the Indian state of [[West Bengal]]. When the [[Seven Years' War]] broke out, owing to their constant rivalry with the [[French East India Company|French]], and the fall of [[Madras]] to the forces of

pos: The Imperial, New Delhi British Raj, New Delhi, also inaugurated in the same year, and contained in Lutyens' Delhi. The Imperial was built by S.B.S. Ranjit Singh, son of R.B.S. Narain Singh, honoured by the British Raj, at the Coronation Durbar of 1911, wherein New Delhi was declared the new Capital of India from Calcutta. The hotel was restored by its General Manager and Vice President, Mr Harvinder Sekhon, between 1996 and 2001. During his tenure, the Imperial hosted the Queen of the Netherlands, Hollywood actors and actresses, adventurers, and tycoons. He also opened the six restaurants and bars which are called "Spice Route",

pos: History of Kolkata History of Kolkata Kolkata, formerly known as Calcutta in English, is the capital of the Indian state of West Bengal and is located in eastern India on the east bank of the River Hooghly. The city was a colonial city developed by the British East India Company and then by the British Empire. Kolkata was the capital of the British Indian empire until 1911 when the capital was relocated to Delhi. Kolkata grew rapidly in the 19th century to become the second city of the British Indian Empire. This was accompanied by the development of a culture that fused European

pos: West Bengal millions of lives due to tax policies enacted by the British company. Calcutta, the headquarters of the East India company, was named in 1773 as the capital of British-held territories in India. The failed Indian rebellion of 1857 started near Calcutta and resulted in a transfer of authority to the British Crown, administered by the Viceroy of India. The Bengal Renaissance and the Brahmo Samaj socio-cultural reform movements significantly influenced the cultural and economic life of Bengal. Between 1905 and 1911 an abortive attempt was made to divide the province of Bengal into two zones. Bengal suffered from the Great

pos: Saugor and Nerbudda Territories Saugor and Nerbudda Territories The Saugor and Nerbudda Territories, was a region of British India, located in the central part of present-day Madhya Pradesh state in central India. It included the present-day districts of Sagar (Saugor), Damoh, Jabalpur, and Narsinghpur. The region extended on either side of the Narmada River (Nerbudda). Jubbulpore was the capital and the military headquarters of the territory. The city was one of the candidates for the administrative capital of British India, when the Government decided to move the capital outside Calcutta in 1911. The Saugor and Nerbudda Territories were captured by the British East India

pos: Port of Karachi rail from the Sui region in Balochistan. Karachi's importance as a gateway to British India increased in 1911 when the capital was moved from Calcutta to Delhi. Karachi was an important military base during the First World War (1914–18) because it was the first British raj port of call for ships coming through the Suez Canal and was the gateway to Afghanistan and the Russian Empire. In 1936 the Sindh district of the Bombay Presidency was reorganised as a new province with Karachi as the capital instead of the traditional capital of Hyderabad. This led to new public services and

pos: History of Delhi in 1857 after the Indian Rebellion of 1857. The city received significant damage during the 1857 siege. Afterwards, the last titular Mughal Emperor Bahadur Shah Zafar II was exiled to Rangoon and the remaining Mughal territories were annexed as a part of British India. Calcutta was declared the capital of British India but in 1911 at the Delhi Durbar of 1911, held at the Coronation Park, King George V announced the shifting of the capital back to Delhi. Parts of the old city were New Delhi, a monumental new quarter of the city designed by the British architect Edwin Lutyens

pos: History of Delhi and their other territories, ending the short-lived rebellion. This also marked the beginning of direct British Rule in India. In 1911, the capital of British India was shifted from Calcutta to New Delhi, the last inner city of Delhi designed by Edwin Lutyens. After India's Independence from the British, New Delhi became the capital of the newly formed Republic of India. It is popularly said that Delhi was the site for a total of seven different cities between 3000 BCE and the 17th century BCE, although taking smaller towns and strongholds into account, as many as 15 settlements can be

neg: Job Charnock by making his agency independent of Madras on 22 January 1692. Thereafter "Calcutta grew steadily till it became India's 'city of cities' and capital". Charnock died in Calcutta on 10 January 1692 (or 1693 according to an exhibition at the Victoria Memorial which points out that the 1692 date on his gravestone refers to an old calendar system by which the new year began in March), shortly after the death of his son. His three surviving daughters all remained in Calcutta: Mary ("d." 19 February 1697), Elizabeth ("d." August 1753), and Katherine ("d." 21 January 1701); all found wealthy English

neg: St. John's Church, Kolkata St. John's Church, Kolkata St. John's Church, originally a cathedral, was among the first public buildings erected by the East India Company after Kolkata (Calcutta) became the effective capital of British India. It is located at the North-Western corner of Raj Bhavan, and served as the Anglican Cathedral of Calcutta till 1847, when the see was transferred to St. Paul's Cathedral. Construction of the building, modelled on St Martin-in-the-Fields of London, started in 1784, with Rs 30,000 raised through a public lottery, and was completed in 1787. It is the third oldest church in the city, next to the Armenian

neg: St. John's Church, Kolkata interesting reading, as its describes her entire life, with details of her four husbands and their respective children. St. John's Church, Kolkata St. John's Church, originally a cathedral, was among the first public buildings erected by the East India Company after Kolkata (Calcutta) became the effective capital of British India. It is located at the North-Western corner of Raj Bhavan, and served as the Anglican Cathedral of Calcutta till 1847, when the see was transferred to St. Paul's Cathedral. Construction of the building, modelled on St Martin-in-the-Fields of London, started in 1784, with Rs 30,000 raised through a public lottery,

neg: Barabati fort came under British rule in 1803. The Bengal-Nagpur Railways connected Cuttack with Madras (Chennai) and Calcutta (Kolkata) in 1919. It became the capital of the newly formed state of Odisha in 1936 and continued to be so till 1948 when the capital was shifted to Bhubaneswar. The city completed one thousand years of its existence in 1989. The ruins of the old Barabati Fort lie on the right bank of the Mahanadi, in the western part of the city. All that remains of the Fort is an arched gateway and the earthen mound of the nine-storeyed palace. Archaeological surveys reveal

neg: Gooroodas Banerjee the University of Calcutta. He was nominated to the post on 1 January 1890 and remained in office till 31 December 1892. He studied at Oriental Seminary which was also attended by the Nobel Laureate poet, Rabindranath Tagore. He also studied at the General Assembly's Institution (now Scottish Church College), the Presidency College, Kolkata and at the University of Calcutta. He became a puisne judge of the Calcutta High Court, and was knighted by the British government on 22 July 1904. He also became one of the teachers of Bengal National College of which the great freedom fighter, Aurobindo Ghosh,

neg: Radhabinod Pal Radhabinod Pal was born in 1886 in the small village of Salimpur, Kushtia District, Bangladesh. He studied mathematics and constitutional law at Presidency College, Calcutta (now Kolkata), and the Law College of the University of Calcutta. Pal was a major contributor to the formulation of the British Indian Income Tax Act of 1922. The British Government of India appointed Pal as a legal advisor in 1927. He worked as professor at the Law College of the University of Calcutta from 1923 till 1936. Pal became a judge of the Calcutta High Court in 1941 and Vice-Chancellor of the University of

neg: Postage stamps and postal history of the postal convention states of India system with its headquarters at the capital city of Lashkar (present day Gwalior city) on the same principles as the Imperial British Indian Post Office. Like all convention states, Gwalior used British India postage stamps overprinted at first at the Government of India Central Printing Press, Calcutta till 1926 and later at the Security Press in Nashik. Like the stamps of the other states, Gwalior's stamp issues have a rich collection of errors and varieties. Gwalior was also unusual in that its overprinting consisted of the word 'Gwalior' alone and the suffix 'state', as used in all other convention states,

neg: Jyoti Bhusan Chatterjea on 16 February 1919 in Kolkata, the capital city of the Indian state of West Bengal, graduated in medicine from Calcutta Medical College of the University of Calcutta in 1942 and secured the degree of Doctor of Medicine from the same institution in 1949. Starting his career as an assistant research officer at Calcutta School of Tropical Medicine and served as a professor of hematology from 1956 till he was appointed as the director of the institution in 1966. He was holding that position when he died on 29 February 1972, at the age of 53, survived by his wife

neg: Calcutta and Burmah Steam Navigation Company Calcutta and Burmah Steam Navigation Company Calcutta and Burmah Steam Navigation Company (C&BSN) was formed in 1856 and was the immediate forerunner of British India Steam Navigation Company (BISN). The company was formed out of Mackinnon, Mackenzie & Co, a trading partnership of the Scots William Mackinnon and Robert Mackenzie, who had set up their business in Calcutta, India. Calcutta and Burmah Steam Navigation was founded with initial capital of £35,000 to perform a mail contract, which had been won from the Indian government, between Calcutta, Rangoon and Moulmein. The contract was renewed in 1862, when the service was extended

neg: Calcutta and Burmah Steam Navigation Company BI's coal mines in India. Calcutta and Burmah Steam Navigation Company Calcutta and Burmah Steam Navigation Company (C&BSN) was formed in 1856 and was the immediate forerunner of British India Steam Navigation Company (BISN). The company was formed out of Mackinnon, Mackenzie & Co, a trading partnership of the Scots William Mackinnon and Robert Mackenzie, who had set up their business in Calcutta, India. Calcutta and Burmah Steam Navigation was founded with initial capital of £35,000 to perform a mail contract, which had been won from the Indian government, between Calcutta, Rangoon and Moulmein. The contract was renewed in 1862,

neg: History of Kolkata used the wealth of Bengal to defeat the French. As Dr. [[R. C. Majumdar]] stated in "An Advanced History of India", "The Battle of Plassey may be truly said to have decided the fate of the French in India." [[St. John's Church, Kolkata|St. John's Church]], originally a cathedral, was among the first public buildings erected by the [[East India Company]] after Kolkata became the effective capital of [[British India]]. It is located at the North-Western corner of [[Raj Bhavan (West Bengal)|Raj Bhavan]], and served as the [[Diocese of Kolkata|Anglican Cathedral of Calcutta]] till 1847, when the see was transferred to

neg: Barada Bhushan Chakraborty and later died in a Calcutta hospital. The British government initiated a case calling it the Hili Mail Dacoity case. In the trial Barada Bhushan was jailed for eight years (1930–1938), Ashalata, among others got a lesser term (2 years), whereas Satyabrata and Hrishikesh were deported to Andaman Island's Cellular Jail from 1930 to 1947 till India's independence. During the Quit India movement in 1942 he led Gandhiji's movement in Dinajpur and was jailed for a year. Later he left Gandhiji's path and joined the Communist Party of India (CPI) and remained a dedicated communist till his death. In 1946

neg: History of Assamese literature the general consensus is that "Jonaki" was printed till 1898 from Calcutta: 11 issues in the first year, 12 issues in the second year, 10 issues in the third year, 11 issues in the fourth year, 7 issues in the fifth year, 11 issues in the sixth year, 6 issues in the seventh year, 1 issue in the eighth year, with the total number of 69 issues were published. "Jonaki" was again published from Guwahati in the year 1901 which continued till 1903. A pioneer in the journalism movement of Assam, Chandra Kumar started an Assamese weekly called "Asamiya" from

neg: Radhakanta Deb he also advocated female education. Radhakanta Deb was actively involved in the establishment and activities of the Calcutta School Book Society in 1817 and the Calcutta School Society in 1818. Radhakanta was an active member of the Agricultural and Horticultural Society of India since its establishment in 1818. He was founder-president British Indian Association in 1851, a position he held till his death. He helped David Hare and funded founding of the Hindu College in Calcutta. Despite his contribution to the cause of education, he was a strong upholder of social conservatism. Although "sati" was not practiced in his own

neg: All India Muhammadan Educational Conference taken for the progress of education. The principal aims of the Conference were: After the Congress sponsored agitation against the partition of Bengal (1905) an All India Muhammadan Educational Conference was held at Shahbag in Dhaka, capital of the then East Bengal and Assam Province in the year 1906. The conference was sponsored by Nawab Khwaja Salimullah the Nawab of Dhaka. The conference was inaugurated on 27 December 1906 and continued till 29 December 1906 as Conference on Education. The inaugural session was chaired by Nawab Justice Sharfuddin, the newly appointed justice of Calcutta High Court. On 30 December 1906

neg: Metro Cinema (Kolkata) inaugurated in 1935. The first film shown in this cinema was "Way Out West". The Metro was the most modern of the cinemas in Calcutta till the Lighthouse Cinema came up in the early 1940s. Right since its opening, the Metro cinema had become a favourite among the cinema goers in Calcutta, especially the European elite, consisting of Britishers, Jews and Armenians, who lived in Calcutta in sizeable numbers during the British Raj. Western movies were very popular during the early 20th century among urban elite of the city. Soon the theater became a popular landmark of the city, with

neg: New Delhi British goods, which forced the colonial government to reunite Bengal and immediately shift the capital to New Delhi. Old Delhi had served as the political and financial centre of several empires of ancient India and the Delhi Sultanate, most notably of the Mughal Empire from 1649 to 1857. During the early 1900s, a proposal was made to the British administration to shift the capital of the British Indian Empire, as India was officially named, from Calcutta on the east coast, to Delhi. The Government of British India felt that it would be logistically easier to administer India from Delhi, which

neg: Wilhelm Sulpiz Kurz him to Calcutta as curator of the herbarium, a post he held till his death, to the great advantage of Indian botany. Kurz was often sent on botanical missions. He explored Burma and Pegu, and spent three months in the Andaman Islands, of which he gave an exhaustive report in 1870. He died in Penang on 15 January 1878. Kurz's major work is his "Forest Flora of British Burma", Calcutta, 1877, 2 vols. He also wrote articles in the "Journal of the Asiatic Society of Bengal" and the "Journal of Botany". Wilhelm Sulpiz Kurz Wilhelm Sulpiz Kurz (5 May 1834–15

neg: Gorosthaney Sabdhan (film) the chauffeur of Mr. Ganguli, a new introduction in this book, their plot is foiled. The Old Calcutta: for a long time, Calcutta was the capital of British India. Just as the story of the Nawabs plays a vital part in 'Badshahi Angti' (based on Lucknow), the story of British families who lived in the former capital of the British Raj, plays a prominent part in this story. Feluda goes to a Christian cemetery, to see the graves of the members of the Godwin family. He goes to Ripon Lane to meet a living member of the family. Later on,

neg: Mohun Bagan A.C. with city rivals East Bengal and is popularly known as the Kolkata Derby. Mohun Bagan also had a keen rivalry with Mohammedan SC till 2000s but the importance of this match has fizzled out in past one and half decades due to the fact that the teams only meet once a year in the Calcutta Football League. Kolkata Derby is the football match between Mohun Bagan and East Bengal. The two clubs currently meet at least 3 times a year, twice in I-League and once in the Calcutta Football League. Till 2 September 2018, 358 kolkata derbies got played (340

neg: Subodh Chandra Sengupta 1983, for his contributions to literature and education. Subodh Chandra Sengupta was born in 1903 in Dhaka, in the erstwhile East Bengal (present-day Bangladesh) of the British India and did his college studies at Presidency College, Calcutta during 1924-26 where he had the opportunity to learn under such academics as Harendra Coomar Mookerjee, Prafulla Chandra Ghosh and Srikumar Banerjee. After securing his MA in 1927, he continued his doctoral studies with "Premchand Roychand scholarship" during which time he started his career as a faculty member at the Presidency College, Calcutta. He served the institution from 1929 till 1960, barring two

neg: Purna Chandra Lahiri Purna Chandra Lahiri Rai Bahadur Purna Chandra Lahiri, JP (1872-1942) was and Indian Police officer during British Raj of India. He started his career as an Inspector of Police in Calcutta and retired as Deputy Commissioner of Police of Calcutta. As an Inspector of Police, it was he who arrested several nationalist leaders like Bhupendra Nath Bose in 1907 and later Aurobindo Ghose in 1908 in connection with the Alipore Bomb Case. He served in various posts in Calcutta Police also as Criminal Investigation Department, Assistant Commissioner of Police till he got promoted to post of Deputy Commissioner of Police,

neg: Eugène Lafont were charged with this task. St. Xavier's College, Calcutta, was opened for classes in January 1860. Aware of Lafont's talent in the field of science, Delpelchin requested that he be assigned to the mission. In 1865 Lafont left for India where he arrived, in Calcutta on 4 December of that year. Soon after arriving in the capital city of British India, Lafont was appointed to teach science. The school was barely 5 years old and everything had to be done. Since he could not teach science without practical experiments, however, he promptly installed a laboratory in the college—the first such

neg: History of Kathmandu border and the Mahakali river the western boundary of Nepal. Kathmandu was also forced to accept a British Resident, a position that was loathed as it was seen as a symbol of its reduction to client status in relation to the British administration in Calcutta under the British Raj. With the Shahs establishing their rule over the Gorkhas, dictatorship ensued, with Ranas becoming all powerful. Jang Bahadur Kunwar was the first Prime Minister in 1846 followed by succession of Rana prime ministers, which lasted till 1950. Rana rule from Kathmandu was mainly governance by a landed aristocracy, with the parliamentary

neg: Kalka–Shimla railway respectively. On 8 July 2008, UNESCO added the Kalka–Shimla railway to the mountain railways of India World Heritage Site. Shimla (then spelt Simla), which was settled by the British shortly after the first Anglo-Gurkha war, is located at in the foothills of the Himalayas. The idea of connecting Shimla by rail was first raised by a correspondent to the Delhi gazette in November 1847. Shimla became the summer capital of British India in 1864, and was the headquarters of the Indian army. This meant that twice a year it was necessary to transfer the entire government between Calcutta and Shimla

neg: West Bengal Police concurrent with the eighteen revenue districts of the State (excluding the metropolitan city of Kolkata) which comprises one of the two general police districts of West Bengal as under the Police Act 1861. The other general police district consists of the major portions of the metropolitan area of Kolkata, and has a separate police force (Kolkata Police) constituted and administered under the Calcutta Police Act 1866 & Calcutta (Suburban Police) Act 1866. This arrangement, unique in India, was conceived during colonial times when Calcutta was the capital of British India. The city police have been kept independent of the state

neg: Nathaniel Wallich the museum till 1816, Wallich donated forty-two botanical specimens. Wallich was also temporarily appointed superintendent of East India Company's Botanical Garden at Calcutta and later permanently joined the garden in 1817 and served there till 1846 when he retired from the service. Ill health forced Wallich to spend the years 1811–1813 in the more temperate climate of Mauritius, whence he continued his studies. In 1822, at the behest of his friend Sir Stamford Raffles he travelled to Singapore to design the botanical garden, but returned to Calcutta the following year. Wallich prepared a catalogue of more than 20,000 specimens, known

neg: Dhubri district Dhubri has an airport at Rupshi which is about 23 km away from the town. It was constructed during World War II by the British Govt. mainly for military purpose. Till 1983, the Indian Airlines and some private commercial flights operated regularly between Calcutta, Guwahati and Dhubri. Now it is totally closed. However, recently the ministry of DONER, GOI, has taken some initiative to renovate and functionalise the airport. The town had a very busy river port on the bank of the Brahmaputra, which was used as an international trade centre with the neighbouring countries, specially in British era. At

neg: The Calcutta Chronicle and General Advertiser The Calcutta Chronicle and General Advertiser The Calcutta Chronicle and General Advertiser was a weekly English-language newspaper published in Kolkata (then Calcutta), the capital of British India. It was one of the earliest newspapers in colonial India and was published for four years until it stopped its publication under pressure from the East India Company. Two Englishmen, Daniel Stuart and Joseph Cooper, founded the newspaper and also set up the Chronicle Printing Press. A large portion of the newspaper was dedicated to advertisements, and therefore was also called the 'General Advertiser'. Stuart and Cooper started printing the Calcutta Chronicle and

neg: Rodda company arms heist Girindranath Banerjee. In the following years, these arms were linked to the majority of revolutionary crimes in Calcutta and Bengal till 1917, including Bagha Jatin during his last stand at the banks of Budhabalanga River. By 1922, the police had recovered most of the stolen arms. Mukherjee, the planner of the heist, along with Bannerjee, Dutta, and Bipin Bihary Ganguly are commemorated in Calcutta today, with their statues of their busts erected in Mononga Lane. Rodda company arms heist The Rodda company arms heist took place on 26 August 1914 in Calcutta, British India. Members of the "Jugantar" faction of

neg: East India of the Europeans in the 17th century, outposts were established in Odisha Coast and Bengal. The European traders established their trade centres in the famous ports of Balasore, Pipili, Palur in the Odisha Coast during the rule of the last independent Hindu king Gajapati Prataprudra Dev. The Portuguese were in Chittagong, Dutch in Chinsura, French in Pondicherry and the English founded Calcutta. In 1756, the British East India Company defeated the local Indian Muslim rulers in Plassey and established British Rule in the subcontinent. Its capital Calcutta grew into one of the world's greatest ports. Tea from Calcutta was off-loaded

neg: Robert Thorpe (Kashmir) developed a longing for it, which was the reason for his visit. Scholar Sheikh Showkat Hussain believes that Thorpe was sent to Kashmir on a mission, to prepare the case for British intervention in Kashmir. He was chosen for this role due to his part Kashmiri ancestry. Between 1865 and 1868, Thorpe travelled extensively in the villages of Kashmir Valley, collecting information about the living conditions, economy, taxation, and the state apparatus. He wrote scathing articles on the Dogra rule in Anglo-Indian newspapers. He wrote to the British officials at Lahore (provincial capital of Punjab) and Calcutta (capital of British

neg: Kumortuli during the Bengal Renaissance. There is a road in Kumortuli named after Nandram Sen, famous as Black Deputy, and the first collector of Kolkata in 1700. Gobindram Mitter, the next Black Deputy, had a sprawling house at Kumortuli spread on 50 bighas (around 16 acres) of land. Banamali Sarkar's famous house which is immortalized in Bengali rhyming proverb, was there till the 19th century. He has a winding lane named after him in Kumortuli. Kumortuli Kumortuli (also spelt Kumartuli, or the archaic spelling Coomartolly) is a traditional potters’ quarter in northern Kolkata (previously known as Calcutta), the capital of the

neg: Birati Birati For other uses, see Durganagar,Kolkata. Birati is a neighbourhood of Kolkata in the North Dumdum municipality area, in the North 24 Parganas district in the state of West Bengal, India. It is located in North Kolkata (formerly Calcutta), beside the Netaji Subhash Chandra Bose International Airport at Dum Dum. It is a town in Kolkata, under the developmental jurisdiction of KMDA. Nimta Birati area was a well known Janapada since the days of Laksmikanta Roy Choudhury. Later after his death in 1649, it became the capital of Laksmikanta's jaigir, and remained the administrative headquarters till 1716 when the capital

neg: History of Beltola years of age. Therefore, after approval from Rani Ahalya Devi, the British Government appointed Rai Saheb Chidananda Choudhury to look after the administration of Beltola Mouza till Rajendra Narayan Dev attains adulthood. After completing his college education at Calcutta, Rajendra Narayan Dev joined the newly established Earl Law College at Guwahati, founded by Gyanadaviram Barua, son of noted Assamese writer Gunaviram Burua and maternal grandfather of famous actress of Hindi cinematic world Sharmila Tagore. After completing his law education, as a lawyer, he joined Guwahati High Court and was also associated with Calcutta High Court. In 1923 CE, he was

neg: Uday Chand Mahtab Uday Chand Mahtab Sir Uday Chand Mahtab KCIE the Maharajadhiraja Bahadur of Bardhaman Raj, K.C.I.E., (14 July 1905 – 10 October 1984) was the last ruler of Burdwan Raj, who ruled from 1941 till 1955, when the zamindari system was abolished in India. He was eldest son of Bijoy Chand Mahtab born in 1905. He did his graduation from Presidency College, Calcutta and Calcutta University. During regency of his father he served as Dewan-i-Raj for several years and succeeded to the throne of Burdwan Raj after death of his father. During British Raj, he headed and was member of several

neg: Kedarnath Das Carmichael Medical College from 1922 till his death in 1936. He served as dean of Faculty of Medicine at Calcutta University and was a member of the Bengal council of Medical Registration and the governing body of the State Medical Faculty of Bengal. He became a member of the British Medical Association in 1901, serving as vice-president of its Calcutta branch from 1928 to 1930 and as president from 1931 to 1934. Journal articles published in the Indian Medical Gazette and international medical journals include material on brain tumours, diabetes, and tetanus. Books include "A Handbook of Obstetrics" (1914) and

neg: John Anderson Graham 1889. After two days of ordination, he married Katherine McConachie, who later bore him two sons and four daughters, and was sent as a missionary to Kalimpong, part of then-British Sikkim—till 18th century, it was part of Sikkim, then became part of Bhutan, and at present part of West Bengal from 19th century. Graham and his wife arrived Calcutta on 21 March 1889 travelling via Switzerland, Austria, and Italy. From Calcutta, they moved to Darjeeling, and than to Kalimpong—then populated with three main tribes Lepchas, Nepalese, and Bhutias - Graham was more attracted later to work with original inhabitants of

neg: East India Film Company this film was also shown in Venice Film Festival, where it too won an honorary diploma. East India Film Company The East India Film Company was an Indian film production company, based in Calcutta, Bengal Presidency, British India. It was the first Indian film company to screen a movie at an international film festival. Started in 1932 in Calcutta, by R. L. Khemka, it went on to be a pioneer in producing films across several regional film industries, including Bengali, Hindi, Urdu, Telugu, and Tamil, in the decade after its founding; till then, production companies were restricted regionally. The company

neg: East India Film Company East India Film Company The East India Film Company was an Indian film production company, based in Calcutta, Bengal Presidency, British India. It was the first Indian film company to screen a movie at an international film festival. Started in 1932 in Calcutta, by R. L. Khemka, it went on to be a pioneer in producing films across several regional film industries, including Bengali, Hindi, Urdu, Telugu, and Tamil, in the decade after its founding; till then, production companies were restricted regionally. The company was formed in 1932 by R. L. Khemka, a local Marwari businessman in Bengal, after acquiring

neg: William Watts [1725] 1728 – 3 February 1812), a well-connected widow. She is known to history as Begum Johnson and lived most of her remarkably long life in Calcutta, which in 1772 became the "de facto" capital of British India. This connected William Watts to the Governors of Fort St. David and of Calcutta. Watts was proficient in Bengali, Hindustani and Persian languages. He was chief of the Kasimbazar (or Cossimbazar) factory (trading post) of the East India Company. Robert Clive made Watts the Company's representative to the Nawab's court at Murshidabad. Clive engaged Watts to work out a secret plan for

neg: Baghdadi Jews Baghdadi communities grew fast. By the middle of the 19th century trade between Baghdad and India was said to be entirely in Jewish hands. Within a generation Baghdadi Jews had established manufacturing and commercial houses of fabulous wealth, most notably the Sassoon, Ezra, Elias, Belilios, Judah and Meyer families. With the rise of British power in the Subcontinent, Surat declined in importance as British-controlled Calcutta and Bombay became more important in trade. Baghdadi settlement shifted first to Bombay and then principally to Calcutta, then the capital of British India and the centre of the jute, musil, and opium trades. Jewish

neg: Aliah University one failure of the reforms of Madras and after 1857, the year of the Sepoy Mutiny, the British Government started to see the Muslim community of the Bengal as constant suspicion. Lord Macaulay was a British Whig politician and historian, who advised the British Government to introduce English education to produce to Anglicized Indians. The main aim of this was to extend the British influence into vast areas of India. Then British Government was decided to establish the Calcutta University in 1857. After the establishment of the Calcutta University created a precarious position for the Calcutta Madrasah. There were a

neg: Bengali Muslims 4,000 songs and ghazals written by Kazi Nazrul Islam. South Asian classical music is widely prevalent in the region. Alauddin Khan, Ali Akbar Khan, and Gul Mohammad Khan were notable Bengali Muslim exponents of classical music. In the field of modern music Runa Laila became widely acclaimed for her musical talents across South Asia. Dhaka the capital of Mughal Bengal and present day capital of Bangladesh has been the epidome of Persio-Bengali and Arabo-Bengali cuisines a contrast to Calcutta the former capital of the British India and capital of present-day West Bengal which was the central point of Anglo-Indian cuisine.

neg: Tipu Sultan Mosque dynasty constituted the state of Mysore. During that time Haider Ali was appointed as Foujdar of Mysore. During that time, Haider Ali was a military genius and through his skills and abilities became the ruler of Mysore. After his father Tipu Sultan became ruler and six years after Tipu's death, the entire family was shifted to Calcutta by the British Government. During that period the capital of Mysore Srirangapatnam was captured by British Army. Son of Tipu Sultan, Gholam Mohammed was a kid when arrived in Calcutta. He was a man of varied qualities. He was also involved in many

neg: Bharat Sanchar Nigam Limited traced back to the British era. During the British era, the first telegraph line, was established between Calcutta and Diamond Harbour.The British East India Company started using the telegraph in 1851 and till 1854 telegraph lines were laid across the country. In 1854, the telegraph service was opened to the public and the first telegram was sent from Mumbai to Pune. In 1885,The Indian Telegraph Act was passed by the British Imperial Legislative Counsel. After the bifurcation of post and Telegraph department in 1980s, and with the creation of Department of Telecom by 1990s, eventually led to the emergence of

neg: Battle of Pollilur (1780) taken to Seringapatam (Srirangapatnam near Mysore in the present-day Karnataka state). Pullalur was also the site where the king of Badami Chalukya, Pulakesin II fought the Pallava king, Mahendravarman I, in the 7th century. Baillie and many of his officers were captured and taken to the Mysore capital at Seringapatam. After British reinforcements from Calcutta arrived, Eyre Coote was able to stabilise the situation and counter-attack. A second battle was fought a year later in the same area where Coote defeated Haider Ali's forces. The Mysore rockets used during the battle were much more advanced than the British East India

neg: Indian literature Despite the numerous columns and articles demanding political and social reforms, journalism during the 19th century had little impact on the Indian masses, due to widespread illiteracy and poverty. In 1947, the major English newspaper in India were the Times of India (Bombay), Statesman (Calcutta), Hindu (Madras), Hindustan Times (New Delhi), Indian Express (Bombay & Madras) Amrita Bazaar Patrika (Calcutta). Of these, the Times of India, Statesman & Pioneer were under British ownership till 1964, when it came under a group of Indian business. During the long struggle for India’s Independence, the major English newspaper that served the national cause

neg: Wajid Ali Shah and hence no critical assessment of his writing has been made till date. After losing the kingdom, the Nawab first went to Kanpur and then progressed to Calcutta in a steamer accompanied by his close relatives and large entourage comprising musicians, nautch girls, cooks and animals from his menagerie and came ashore at Bichali Ghat near Metiabruz, Calcutta on 13 May 1856. He had made up his mind to go and plead his case to Queen Victoria because of his firm belief in the British sense of justice. However, his physicians did not think his health would permit such a

neg: Peary Chand Mitra Calcutta Public Library as deputy librarian in 1836. The library was established the same year in the residence of an Englishman named Strong in the Esplanade. It was later shifted to Fort William College and when the Metcalfe Hall was constructed to pay respect to the memory of Charles Metcalfe, the library was moved to the hall in 1844. Mitra rapidly rose up the ladder as librarian, secretary and finally curator, a position he held till his retirement. He was associated with a variety of social welfare activities of his day. He was a member of the Calcutta University Senate,

neg: Calcutta School-Book Society Society, was instituted on 4 July 1817, in Calcutta (now known as Kolkata), the then capital of the British Empire. The society was set up under the patronage of Lord Marquess of Hastings who was Governor-General at that point of time. The School-Book Society was set up with the coming of Western methods in education to India and henceforth, the rising demand for textbooks and dictionaries. The society also encouraged the establishment of new elementary schools. The Calcutta School Society, an educational institution independent from the School-Book Society was set up on 1 September 1818. The government established it with

neg: British Raj Governor-General in the capital, Calcutta, and the Governor in a subordinate presidency (Madras or Bombay) was each required to consult his advisory council; executive orders in Calcutta, for example, were issued in the name of "Governor-General-in-Council" ("i.e." the Governor-General with the advice of the Council). The Company's system of "double government" had its critics, since, from the time of the system's inception, there had been intermittent feuding between the Governor-General and his Council; still, the Act of 1858 made no major changes in governance. However, in the years immediately thereafter, which were also the years of post-rebellion reconstruction, Viceroy Lord

neg: Partition of India of a song by Bankim Chandra Chatterjee, which invoked a mother goddess, who stood variously for Bengal, India, and the Hindu goddess Kali. The unrest spread from Calcutta to the surrounding regions of Bengal when Calcutta's English-educated students returned home to their villages and towns. The religious stirrings of the slogan and the political outrage over the partition were combined as young men, in groups such as Jugantar, took to bombing public buildings, staging armed robberies, and assassinating British officials. Since Calcutta was the imperial capital, both the outrage and the slogan soon became nationally known. The overwhelming, but predominantly

neg: Scottish Cemetery at Calcutta graves in the cemetery from its foundation to the beginning of the Raj (1858) and this can be accessed at http://scotscemeteryarchivekolkata.com/, Scottish Cemetery at Calcutta The Scottish Cemetery at Calcutta was established in 1820 catering to the specific needs of the large Scottish population in the Kolkata area. These Scots, including soldiers, missionaries, jute traders and businessmen, were attached to numerous enterprises in the area such as the headquarters of the East India Company, and the administration of the British Raj, whose capital was here. The cemetery was utilised until the 1940s but was abandoned in the 1950s and neglected

neg: Scottish Cemetery at Calcutta Scottish Cemetery at Calcutta The Scottish Cemetery at Calcutta was established in 1820 catering to the specific needs of the large Scottish population in the Kolkata area. These Scots, including soldiers, missionaries, jute traders and businessmen, were attached to numerous enterprises in the area such as the headquarters of the East India Company, and the administration of the British Raj, whose capital was here. The cemetery was utilised until the 1940s but was abandoned in the 1950s and neglected following India's independence. Well over 90% of those buried bear recognisably Scots names such as Anderson, McGregor, Campbell and Ross. Around

neg: William Pettigrew (missionary) school sweetheart Alice Goreham on 13 November 1896, at Calcutta, and they lived in India till 1933 before they depart for England. From his arrival till 1894, Pettigrew worked with the Ardington Aborigines Missionary group, but from 1894, he started to work with the American Baptist Foreign Mission Society (ABFMS), after he converted from the Anglican to Baptist faith in India. When he finally started working in Manipur, Pettigrew therefore worked as a Baptist Missionary. He was given an official approval by the Political Agent of Manipur of the then British-India, Major Maxwell in 1894, to work as Christian Missionary

neg: Lokenath Bal Lokenath Bal Lokenath Bal () (8 March 1908 – 4 September 1964) was an Indian independence activist and a member of the armed resistance movement led by Surya Sen, which carried out the Chittagong armoury raid in 1930. Later, he joined the Indian National Congress. After the Indian independence, he worked as an administrative officer in the Calcutta Corporation till his death. Lokenath Bal was born in Dhorla village of Chittagong District in Bengal Province of British India. His father's name was Prankrishna Bal. On 18 April 1930, a group of revolutionaries led by him took over the AFI armoury.

neg: History of Sikkim brief expedition into Sikkim. The Tibetans occupied several of Sikkim's northern border forts, and the Chogyal and his wife were held prisoner by the British when they came to negotiate at Calcutta. In 1888, the Tibetans were defeated and northern Sikkim came under the rule of British India. The British established new landholdings in Sikkim, but released the Chogyal only to have him captured again in 1891. In 1894, the capital was shifted to Gangtok. In 1895, the Chogyal was released, but the British governors in India reneged on an agreement – the Ten Clauses Agreement – which returned sovereignty

neg: Seven Years' War forces under Robert Clive recaptured Calcutta from the Nawab Siraj ud-Daulah, a French ally, and ousted him from his throne at the Battle of Plassey in 1757. In the same year, the British also captured Chandernagar, the French settlement in Bengal. In the south, although the French captured Cuddalore, their siege of Madras failed, while the British commander Sir Eyre Coote decisively defeated the Comte de Lally at the Battle of Wandiwash in 1760 and overran the French territory of the Northern Circars. The French capital in India, Pondicherry, fell to the British in 1761; together with the fall of

neg: History of Indian football Durand Cup was founded by then India's Foreign Secretary, Mortimer Durand at Simla, India. The Durand Cup is the third oldest football competition behind the FA Cup and the Scottish Cup. It was initiated, as a recreation for British troops stationed in India. Royal Scots Fusiliers won the first edition of the cup by beating Highland Light Infantry 2–1 in the Final. In 1893 the IFA Shield was founded as the fourth oldest trophy in the world. Calcutta, then capital of British India, soon became the hub of Indian football. Sarada FC was the oldest Indian football club. Calcutta FC

neg: Lucknow Christian College than the Lucknow University itself. Till 1921 the degree classes, which began in 1889, were affiliated to the University of Calcutta. And it was only in the year 1922, the year when Lucknow University came into existence, that the degree classes were transferred to the Canning College of Lucknow University. However, B.Sc. and B.A. Classes were restored in 1946 and 1956, respectively. In 1973 the faculty of commerce was added to the undergraduate programme of the college. On the basis of the qualifications of the teaching faculty, performance in university examinations, library resources, and other merits, Lucknow Christian College was

neg: Viceroy ceremonial functions as well as political affairs. As the representative of the Emperors and Empresses of India, who were also the kings and queens of the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland, the viceroy served as the grand master of the two principal chivalric orders of British India: the Order of the Star of India and the Order of the Indian Empire. During the office's history, the Governors-General of India were based in two cities: Calcutta during the 19th century and New Delhi during the 20th century. Additionally, whilst Calcutta was the capital of British India, the viceroys spent

neg: Lea Grundig was sentenced to four months imprisonment. She served her sentence, which in the event lasted till November/December 1939, in a prison in Dresden. However, on her release she was granted an emigration permit. She emigrated to Bratislava, then the capital of the still notionally independent Slovak Republic (Slovakia). In 1940 she reached a refugee camp in Slovakia from where she moved as an exile to Palestine. Here she survived in a British internment camp at Atlit till 1942. On release she remained, till the end of 1948, in Palestine, living successively in Haifa and Tel Aviv. She was again able

neg: Football in India of football in India can be traced back to mid-nineteenth century when the game was introduced by British soldiers. Initially, games were played between army teams. However, clubs were soon set up around the country. Calcutta FC was the first club to be established in 1872, though reports suggest that they were initially a rugby club and switched their attentions to football as late as 1894. Other early clubs include Dalhousie Club, Traders Club and Naval Volunteers Club. Several other football clubs like Sovabazar, Mohun Bagan and Aryan Club were established in Calcutta around the 1890s. Calcutta, then capital of

neg: History of Mohun Bagan A.C. The Yorks and Lancs, and Essex Regiment before falling to Sherwood Foresters in semi-final. The same year Mohun Bagan also came closest to lifting their first Calcutta League title, finishing second by just a single point. Mohun Bagan continued their strong performances in Calcutta League, finishing in top-3 in almost every season till 1928. In 1927 the club also played a series of exhibition matches to help collect relief funds for a flood in Gujarat. The same year Balaidas Chatterjee left the club and to fill his gigantic shoes in stepped Dr. Sanmatha Dutta. Dutta, a doctor by profession and

neg: Postage stamps and postal history of the postal convention states of India supplied depicted the monarch's head), which were overprinted in the name of the state and also the word 'SERVICE' in case of official stamps. The rates of charging for postage services were in tune with that of British India. The postage stamps were produced by the British Raj following due bureaucratic process. Most of the stamps are monarch heads as pictorial commemoratives had not been brought into use till the 1920s. Proofs were produced by the Govt Central Press, Calcutta, on orders of the Director General Post Office. The initial proofs were sent to the princely state concerned for approval.

neg: Warren Hastings Bengal increasingly insecure, as Siraj ud-Daulah was known to harbour anti-European views and be likely to launch an attack once he took power. When Alivardi Khan died in April 1756, the British traders and a small garrison at Kasimbazar were left vulnerable. On 3June, after being surrounded by a much larger force, the British were persuaded to surrender to prevent a massacre. Hastings was imprisoned with others in the Bengali capital, Murshidabad, while the Nawab's forces marched on Calcutta and captured it. The garrison and civilians were then locked up under appalling conditions in the Black Hole of Calcutta. For

neg: Henry Francis Blanford curator of the Museum of Geology at Calcutta. He was also a delivering lectures at the Presidency College in Calcutta on geology during winters. In 1857 he went to study Cretaceous beds in Tiruchinapalli and near Pondicherry. In 1861, poor health forced him to resign and leave for Europe. He returned the next year to join as a professor of physics and chemistry at the Presidency College, a position that he kept till 1872. His interest in meteorology grew after his appointment as professor of science at the Presidency College from 1862 to 1874. In 1864, cyclones hit eastern India,

neg: Fazal Akbar Fazal Akbar Fazal-e-Akbar (born November 1903, date of death unknown) was chief justice of Pakistan. He graduated in Arts from St. Xavier College, Calcutta, India. He graduated in Law from University of Calcutta and was called to Bar from Lincoln's Inn, London in 1930. He started his career as a lawyer at Fort William High Court in 1931. From 1931 to 1943 he also taught Jurisprudence at the University of Calcutta. In 1943, he was appointed District and Sessions Judge, in which capacity he worked till 1946. After partition he became Special Officer of the Judicial Department and Registrar East

neg: South Salmara district There are few many differences between the "Ujani" and "Bhatiya" cultures. Ghoti and Tribal peoples, who are few in numbers also contribute to the culture of the district. Nearest airport at Rupshi which is about 90 km away from the headquarter Hatsingimari . It was constructed during World War II by the British Govt. mainly for military purpose. Till 1983, the Indian Airlines and some private commercial flights operated regularly between Calcutta, Guwahati and Dhubri. Now it is totally closed. However, recently the ministry of DONER, GOI, has taken some initiative to renovate and functionalise the airport. The town had

neg: Bhadrotsav of Brahmo Samaj noted that coincidentally or otherwise other Brahmo Samajees were also opened in this particular month of the year. On 22 August 1869 the consecration was held of the Brahmo Samaj of India or the Navavidhan Brahmo Samaj. The Brahmo Sammilan Samaj was also founded in August 1897. The body of worshipers who used to assemble every week in the church consecrated by Rammohun were originally known as the Brahma Sabha and was later called the Calcutta Brahmo Samaj. It retained its name till 1866, the year of the first schism, after which it was changed to Adi or Original Brahmo

neg: St. John's Diocesan Girls' Higher Secondary School brother in England : ""...my idea of the future of our Diocesan School is that it should be an institution not confined to any particular society or an elite group..."" She died at age 48 in 1892. Upon her death, Bishop of Calcutta, Bishop Johnson, praised her in the following words: On 7 April 1931, Beena Das who was a student of the school, shot the then Governor, Stanley Jackson for which the recognition of the college status was taken way thereafter by the British Government. During its earlier days till the 1970s, it was a co-educational school. However, during

neg: Delhi Legislative Assembly Delhi. This is particularly evident in elections since 2000. Elections to the Legislative Assemblies of Delhi were held in the following years: Originally built 1912, designed by E. Montague Thomas to hold the Imperial Legislative Council and subsequently the Central Legislative Assembly (after 1919), till the newly constructed Parliament House of India in New Delhi (Sansad Bhawan) was inaugurated on 18 January 1927. The building also housed in the Secretariat of the Government of India, and was built after the capital of India shifted to Delhi from Calcutta, the temporary secretariat building was constructed in a few months' time in

neg: IPGMER and SSKM Hospital hot-spot for political rallies in the city. The Bangur Institute of Neurosciences is adjacent and functionally attached to this institution. The first hospital in Calcutta was built in the premises of the Old Fort at Gerstein Place in 1707. The Council of Fort William constructed this hospital. Initially built for the Europeans till 1770, this hospital was then known as the Presidency Hospital, after the Presidency of Calcutta and due to its proximity to the Presidency Jail of Calcutta. Later it came to be known as the Presidency General Hospital or P.G. Hospital for short - the name which is

neg: Mohammedan Literary Society State, Maharaja of Patiala, and the Raja of Cooch Behar State. The society campaigned for the utilization of the Mohsin Fund and drew attention of the British government to the educational needs of the Muslim community of India. It survived till 1930 when its name changed to Muslim Institute of Calcutta. Mohammedan Literary Society Mohammedan Literary Society was a historic literary society based in Kolkata for Muslims of South Asia. Mohammedan Literary Society was founded by Nawab Abdul Latif in 1863 in Kolkata, Bengal Presidency, British Raj. The society was located at Latif's residence in 16 Taltala, Kolkata. Latif was

neg: Cherra Companyganj State Railways Cherra Companyganj State Railways Cherra Companyganj State Railways (CCSR) was a narrow gauge mountain railway that existed in British India. The Cherra Companyganj State Railway was conceptualized by Hubert Kench, the British Executive Engineer of Khasi and Jaintia Hills Division, as there was need to connect Shillong, capital of province to Calcutta, then the capital of British India by rail. The CCSR in Meghalaya was opened to traffic on 6 June 1886. CCSR was a narrow gauge tramway and the railway operated between Tharia, a mining town in Meghalaya and Companyganj, now in Sylhet District of Bangladesh, for a distance

neg: Warren Hastings British India with its capital in Calcutta. Hastings was considered the natural choice to be the first Governor General. While Governor, Hastings launched a major crackdown on bandits operating in Bengal, which proved largely successful. He also faced the severe Bengal Famine, which resulted in about ten million deaths. In 1773, he was appointed the first Governor-General of Bengal. He was also the first governor in India. The post was new, and British mechanisms to administer the territory were not fully developed. Regardless of his title, Hastings was only a member of a five-man Supreme Council of Bengal so confusedly

neg: Early phase of printing in Calcutta the Anglo-Indian community, which attempted to re-produce the British style of public debate. Chris Bayly writes: Bayly takes note of the fact that the Indian scholars or pundits already had their own models of public debate, significantly different from the patterns of interaction observed in the Western public sphere arising out of print culture. However, the new Western-educated Indian intelligentsia was receptive to these newer models of debate and discussion. Though Indian-published newspapers did not emerge till the first decades of the 19th century in any considerable number, Indians had started to participate in Western modes of public interaction. At

neg: Begum Johnson Begum Johnson Begum Johnson (10 April 1725/28 – 3 February 1812) was 'The oldest British resident in Bengal, universally beloved, respected and revered'. She lived most of her remarkably long life in Calcutta, and was witness to the history of Kolkata during an era which spanned from the inception of British rule over Bengal in 1757 to its utter consolidation by the early 1800s. She died in Calcutta in 1812. That same year, her grandson, Robert Jenkinson, 2nd Earl of Liverpool, became Prime Minister of the United Kingdom and served in that high office for as many as fifteen years

neg: Royal Calcutta Turf Club public. The public can buy tickets to see the races. Races are run on Saturdays most of the year. But nowadays races are also being run on Monday, Tuesday, too. The Monsoon meet from July to October is followed by the Cold Weather Meet from November to April. Notes Citations Sources Royal Calcutta Turf Club The Royal Calcutta Turf Club (RCTC), founded in 1847 in Calcutta, British India (now Kolkata, India), became the premier horse racing organization in India during the British Raj. At one time it was the governing body for almost all courses in the sub-continent, defining and

neg: The Calcutta Anglo Gujarati School community, irrespective of their religion. Hindu, Jain, Kutchi and Gujarati Muslims communities like Bohras, Memons and others, contributed to its foundation and development. Gujarati remains the first language in the school where, till 1985-86, all subjects were taught in Gujarati. Now English is the medium of instruction. The school is affiliated to the WB Board and students had to appear for Madhyamik examinations for passing out. The same trust which runs the school has now started The Calcutta Anglo Gujarati College, which is affiliated to West Bengal University of Technology and offers courses in BBA and BCA. The Calcutta Anglo

neg: British Raj at the Delhi Durbar at which King George V came in person and was crowned Emperor of India. He announced the capital would be moved from Calcutta to Delhi. This period saw an increase in the activities of revolutionary groups, which included Bengal's Anushilan Samiti and the Punjab's Ghadar Party. The British authorities were, however, able to crush violent rebels swiftly, in part because the mainstream of educated Indian politicians opposed violent revolution. The First World War would prove to be a watershed in the imperial relationship between Britain and India. Shortly prior to the outbreak of war, the Government

neg: St Joseph's College, Calcutta Office of the Christian Brothers till it was moved to St. Columba's, New Delhi, in 1980. The work that the Brothers were doing received recognition and requests came from several Catholic Bishops for the Brothers to open schools in their dioceses. At the turn of the century - there were nearly fifty Brothers in India, both Irish and Anglo-Indian, and a training house for Brothers (novitiate) was started at Mt Carmel's, overlooking Goethals. St. Joseph's College was affiliated to the ICSE and ISC Boards in the year,1970. St. Joseph's was the Head Office of the Christian Brothers in India till

neg: George Frampton Both feature a bronze statue of Saint George, sculpted by Frampton atop a column designed by Lutyens. After the death of Queen Victoria in early 1901, Frampton was chosen to create a bronze statue of the late queen in Calcutta, the capital of the British India. It was unveiled in March 1902, and was later placed outside the Victoria Memorial. He also created the sculpture of the late Queen Victoria situated outside the Royal Victoria Infirmary in Newcastle upon Tyne in 1906 that was unveiled by her son King Edward VII in the same year. George Frampton Sir George James

neg: Muhammad Yusuf Hashmi University of the Punjab. Upon completing his English and Arabic studies in 1909, he began his professional life. With competing offers of teaching appointments from Forman Christian College, Punjab University and Aligarh Muslim University, he chose his alma mater, Forman Christian College, at Dr. Ewing's (J. C. R. Ewing) invitation, and taught there for a short time before joining the Indian Education Service and proceeding to Calcutta, which besides being the seat of the British Government of India was the educational and cultural capital of British India. He taught both English Bengali, Hindi/Urdu and Arabic at Madrasa 'Aliya, which was