query: who wrote rudolph the red nosed reindeer song lyrics

pos: Rudolph the Red-Nosed Reindeer (song) Rudolph the Red-Nosed Reindeer (song) "Rudolph, the Red-Nosed Reindeer" is a song by songwriter Johnny Marks based on the 1939 story "Rudolph the Red-Nosed Reindeer" published by the Montgomery Ward Company. Gene Autry's recording hit No. 1 on the U.S. charts the week of Christmas 1949. In 1939 Marks's brother-in-law, Robert L. May, created the character Rudolph as an assignment for Montgomery Ward and Marks decided to adapt the story of Rudolph into a song. The song had an added introduction, paraphrasing the poem "A Visit from Saint Nicholas" (public domain by the time the song was written), stating the

pos: Rudolph the Red-Nosed Reindeer (song) Rudolph's general acceptance in the mythology as the lead reindeer of Joulupukki, the Finnish Santa. Rudolph the Red-Nosed Reindeer (song) "Rudolph, the Red-Nosed Reindeer" is a song by songwriter Johnny Marks based on the 1939 story "Rudolph the Red-Nosed Reindeer" published by the Montgomery Ward Company. Gene Autry's recording hit No. 1 on the U.S. charts the week of Christmas 1949. In 1939 Marks's brother-in-law, Robert L. May, created the character Rudolph as an assignment for Montgomery Ward and Marks decided to adapt the story of Rudolph into a song. The song had an added introduction, paraphrasing the poem "A

pos: Rudolph the Red-Nosed Reindeer (TV special) Rudolph the Red-Nosed Reindeer (TV special) Rudolph the Red-Nosed Reindeer is a 1964 Christmas stop motion animated television special produced by Videocraft International, Ltd. (later known as Rankin/Bass Productions) and currently distributed by Universal Television. It first aired Sunday, December 6, 1964, on the NBC television network in the United States, and was sponsored by General Electric under the umbrella title of "The General Electric Fantasy Hour". The special was based on the Johnny Marks song "Rudolph the Red-Nosed Reindeer" which was itself based on the poem of the same name written in 1939 by Marks' brother-in-law, Robert L. May.

pos: Rankin/Bass Productions company produced a special for NBC and sponsor General Electric, later owner of NBC. It was a stop motion animated adaptation of the Robert L. May story "Rudolph The Red-Nosed Reindeer" and the song it inspired, "Rudolph the Red-Nosed Reindeer," written by May's brother-in-law, Johnny Marks. It had been made into a cartoon by Max Fleischer, brother and former partner of Dave Fleischer, as a traditional animated short for the Jam Handy Film Company almost two decades earlier. This featured Billie Mae Richards as the voice of the main title character, Rudolph. With Burl Ives in the role of Sam

pos: Rudolph the Red-Nosed Reindeer (soundtrack) Rudolph the Red-Nosed Reindeer (soundtrack) Rudolph the Red-Nosed Reindeer is a soundtrack album to the 1964 Rankin/Bass television special of the same name. The original cast recordings from the TV special (side "A" of the original LP release) are supplemented with instrumental versions recorded by the Decca Concert Orchestra (on side "B"). All songs used in the television special were written by Johnny Marks. The original LP album was first released in 1964, and reissued as a CD in 1995. The CD was certified Gold by the RIAA on November 30, 2004. As of November, the album has sold 1,411,200

pos: Rudolph the Red-Nosed Reindeer (soundtrack) copies in the United States since 1991 when SoundScan began tracking sales. LP side A: LP side B (instrumental versions): Rudolph the Red-Nosed Reindeer (soundtrack) Rudolph the Red-Nosed Reindeer is a soundtrack album to the 1964 Rankin/Bass television special of the same name. The original cast recordings from the TV special (side "A" of the original LP release) are supplemented with instrumental versions recorded by the Decca Concert Orchestra (on side "B"). All songs used in the television special were written by Johnny Marks. The original LP album was first released in 1964, and reissued as a CD in 1995.

pos: Christmas music ASCAP members in 2015 were written by Jewish composers. Johnny Marks has three top Christmas songs, the most for any writer—"Rudolph the Red-Nosed Reindeer", "Rockin' Around the Christmas Tree", and "A Holly Jolly Christmas". By far the most recorded Christmas song is "White Christmas" by Irving Berlin (born Israel Isidore Beilin in Russia)—who also wrote "Happy Holiday"—with well over 500 versions in dozens of languages. Others include: Lyricist Jerome "Jerry" Leiber and composer Mike Stoller wrote "Santa Claus Is Back in Town", which Elvis Presley debuted on his first Christmas album in 1957. "Christmas (Baby Please Come Home)" was written

pos: Rudolph the Red-Nosed Reindeer to May's original story than Marks' song, which had not yet been written. It was reissued in 1951 with the song added. May's brother-in-law, Johnny Marks, adapted the story of Rudolph into a song. Gene Autry's recording of the song hit No. 1 on the "Billboard" pop singles chart the week of Christmas 1949. Autry's recording sold 2.5 million copies the first year, eventually selling a total of 25 million, and it remained the second best-selling record of all time until the 1980s. DC Comics, then known as National Periodical Publications, published a series of 13 annuals titled "Rudolph the

pos: Christmas in the post-war United States the song's composer Irving Berlin to have the song, and the entire album, banned from radio airplay. Berlin thought Elvis's rendition a "profane parody of his cherished yuletide standard". Most US radio stations ignored Berlin's request, though at least one DJ was fired for playing a tune from the album. As of 2007, "Elvis' Christmas Album" is the top-selling holiday release of all time with 9 million in sales, according to the RIAA. "Rudolph the Red-Nosed Reindeer" was composed in 1948 by Johnny Marks after a 1939 poem by Robert L. May who created Rudolph as part of his employment

pos: Brenda Lee in 1960 through "All Alone Am I" in 1962 set a record for a female solo artist that was not equaled until 1986 by Madonna. The biggest-selling track of Lee's career was a Christmas song. In 1958, when she was 13, producer Owen Bradley asked her to record a new song by Johnny Marks, who had had success writing Christmas tunes for country singers, most notably "Rudolph the Red-Nosed Reindeer" (Gene Autry) and "A Holly Jolly Christmas" (Burl Ives). Lee recorded the song, "Rockin' Around the Christmas Tree", in July with a prominent twanging guitar part by Grady Martin and

pos: Johnny Marks Johnny Marks John David Marks (November 10, 1909 – September 3, 1985) was an American songwriter. Although he was Jewish, he specialized in Christmas songs and wrote many holiday standards, including "Rudolph, the Red-Nosed Reindeer" (a hit for Gene Autry and others), "Rockin' Around the Christmas Tree" (a hit for Brenda Lee), "A Holly Jolly Christmas" (recorded by the Quinto Sisters and later by Burl Ives), "Silver and Gold" (for Burl Ives), and "Run Rudolph Run" (recorded by Chuck Berry). Marks was born to a Jewish family in Mount Vernon, New York. A graduate of McBurney School in New York,

pos: Marcus M. Marks of New York, and chairman of the Hospital Saturday and Sunday Association Trade Auxiliary. He later served also as trustee of the Hospital Saturday and Sunday Association, director of the Educational Alliance, member of the Conciliation Committee of the National Civic Federation, director of the National Butchers' and Drovers' Bank. He died on August 26, 1934. His wife died on April 22, 1937. Marks was the brother of Louis B. Marks (1869-1939), a leading illumination (lighting) engineer. Louis’ son was the famous songwriter Johnny Marks (1909-1985), who wrote “Rudolph the Red-Nosed Reindeer”. Marcus M. Marks Marcus M. Marks (March 18,

pos: Robert L. May Robert L. May Robert L. May (July 27, 1905 – August 10, 1976) was the creator of Rudolph the Red-Nosed Reindeer. Robert May grew up in an affluent, secular Jewish home in New Rochelle, New York. He had a brother and two sisters. One of the sisters, Evelyn May, is the grandmother of the well-known economist Steven D. Levitt, who wrote the book "Freakonomics". The other sister, Margaret, married songwriter Johnny Marks in 1947. May graduated Phi Beta Kappa from Dartmouth College in 1926. May’s parents were hard hit by the Great Depression (1929) and lost their wealth. Sometime in

pos: Robert L. May December 22, 1975. May died on August 10, 1976 two weeks after his 71st birthday. May is interred at Saint Joseph Cemetery, River Grove, Cook County, IL. Robert L. May Robert L. May (July 27, 1905 – August 10, 1976) was the creator of Rudolph the Red-Nosed Reindeer. Robert May grew up in an affluent, secular Jewish home in New Rochelle, New York. He had a brother and two sisters. One of the sisters, Evelyn May, is the grandmother of the well-known economist Steven D. Levitt, who wrote the book "Freakonomics". The other sister, Margaret, married songwriter Johnny Marks in

neg: Rudolph the Red-Nosed Reindeer (TV special) Goldschmidt, who wrote "Rudolph the Red-Nosed Reindeer: The Making of the Rankin/Bass Holiday Classic", says the scripts by Romeo Muller show the spelling to be "Hermey". A "Rudolph the Red-Nosed Reindeer" video game was released on November 9, 2010. The adaptation was published by Red Wagon Games for the Wii and Nintendo DS, and was developed by High Voltage Software and Glyphic Entertainment respectively. The Wii version was received poorly, and garnered extremely negative reviews from sites such as IGN giving it a 1.5/10. "Rudolph the Red-Nosed Reindeer" received an approval rating of 92% on review aggregator website Rotten Tomatoes,

neg: Rudolph the Red-Nosed Reindeer nose, which is only red when lit up. Michael Fry and T. Lewis have given Rudolph another brother in a series of "Over the Hedge" comic strips: an overweight, emotionally damaged reindeer named Ralph, the Infra-Red nosed Reindeer, who is referred to as Rudolph's older brother. Ralph's red nose is good for defrosting Santa's sleigh and warming up toast and waffles; he enviously complains about his brother Rudolph's publicity and his own anonymity. Rudolph the Red-Nosed Reindeer Rudolph the Red-Nosed Reindeer, popularly known as "Santa's ninth reindeer", is a fabled reindeer created by Robert Lewis May. Rudolph is usually depicted

neg: Rudolph the Red-Nosed Reindeer Gillen, to draw "cute reindeer", using zoo deer as models. The alert, bouncy character Gillen developed convinced management to support the idea. Maxton Books published the first mass-market edition of "Rudolph" in 1947 and a sequel, "Rudolph the Red-Nosed Reindeer Shines Again", in 1954. In 1992, Applewood Books published "Rudolph's Second Christmas", an unpublished sequel that Robert May wrote in 1947. In 2003, Penguin Books issued a reprint version of the original "Rudolph the Red-Nosed Reindeer" with new artwork by Lisa Papp. Penguin also reprinted May's sequels, "Rudolph Shines Again" and "Rudolph's Second Christmas" (now retitled "Rudolph to the Rescue").

neg: Rudolph the Red-Nosed Reindeer (1948 film) and removed the Montgomery Ward name. The 1951 reissue is widely available on public domain video tapes and DVDs, as well as on the Internet. The original version is stored at the Library of Congress, and it was posted online by them in 2014. Rudolph the Red-Nosed Reindeer (1948 film) Rudolph the Red-Nosed Reindeer is a 1948 animated short film produced and directed by Max Fleischer based on the 1939 Robert L. May poem "Rudolph the Red-Nosed Reindeer", about a flying reindeer who helps Santa Claus. Rudolph is a reindeer, with an unusual red nose that shines (some would even

neg: Rudolph the Red-Nosed Reindeer (1948 film) Rudolph the Red-Nosed Reindeer (1948 film) Rudolph the Red-Nosed Reindeer is a 1948 animated short film produced and directed by Max Fleischer based on the 1939 Robert L. May poem "Rudolph the Red-Nosed Reindeer", about a flying reindeer who helps Santa Claus. Rudolph is a reindeer, with an unusual red nose that shines (some would even say that it glows). Because of this, he is laughed at and told to go home by his peers. Saddened, he goes home, hangs his stocking and goes to bed. Meanwhile, at the North Pole, Santa Claus notices that the coming fog will be

neg: Robert L. May adaptation of Rudolph. Though the song was turned down by such popular vocalists as Bing Crosby and Dinah Shore, it was recorded by the singing cowboy Gene Autry. "Rudolph the Red-Nosed Reindeer" was released in 1949 and became a phenomenal success, selling more records than any other Christmas song, with the exception of "White Christmas". In 1941, May married another Ward employee, Virginia, and had five children with her. She was a devout Catholic, and he converted to Catholicism during the marriage. May wrote two sequels to "Rudolph the Red-Nosed Reindeer". The first is mostly in prose (except that Rudolph

neg: Rudolph the Red-Nosed Reindeer Rudolph the Red-Nosed Reindeer Rudolph the Red-Nosed Reindeer, popularly known as "Santa's ninth reindeer", is a fabled reindeer created by Robert Lewis May. Rudolph is usually depicted as the lead reindeer pulling Santa's sleigh on Christmas Eve, though he is a young buck who has only adolescent antlers and a glowing red nose. Though he receives scrutiny for it, the luminosity of his nose is so great that it illuminates the team's path through harsh winter weather. Rudolph first appeared in a 1939 booklet written by Robert L. May and published by Montgomery Ward, the department store. The story is

neg: Rudolph the Red-Nosed Reindeer (1948 film) Red-Nosed Reindeer" and the animated 1964 version. It was based on Robert L. May's 1939 story, rather than the song. The 1964 film more closely resembles the song rather than the original story. This short film was created to advertise Montgomery Ward department stores, the publisher of the original story. The original release included a credit for the company, and it lacked the "Rudolph the Red Nosed Reindeer" song, with the opening credits instead playing over an instrumental version of Silent Night, Holy Night. The 1951 re-release of the film added a choral version of the song to the credits

neg: Rudolph the Red-Nosed Reindeer: The Movie a hero's welcome when he returns. "Rudolph the Red-Nosed Reindeer: The Movie" received mixed reviews. Rotten Tomatoes gave the film a 40% approval rating, based on 5 reviews. The audience gave a more positive score of 59%. In 1998, four books based on the film were released. Rudolph the Red-Nosed Reindeer: The Movie Rudolph the Red-Nosed Reindeer: The Movie is a 1998 American animated adventure musical film about the character of the same name, who first appeared in a 1939 story by Robert L. May. The film was the first theatrical feature from GoodTimes Entertainment, long known as a home

neg: Rudolph the Red-Nosed Reindeer derivative of the Rankin/Bass adaptation of the story than the original tale and song (the characters of Stormella, Zoey, Arrow, Slyly, and Leonard parallel the Rankin/Bass characters of the Bumble, Clarice, Fireball, Hermey, and Yukon, respectively). The movie amplifies the early backstory of Rudolph's harassment by his schoolmates (primarily his cousin Arrow) during his formative years. GoodTimes Entertainment, the producers of "Rudolph the Red-Nosed Reindeer: The Movie", brought back most of the same production team for a CGI animated sequel, "Rudolph the Red-Nosed Reindeer and the Island of Misfit Toys" (2001). Unlike the previous film, the sequel featured the original

neg: Rudolph the Red-Nosed Reindeer and the Island of Misfit Toys Rudolph the Red-Nosed Reindeer and the Island of Misfit Toys Rudolph the Red-Nosed Reindeer and the Island of Misfit Toys is a 2001 American-Canadian Christmas computer-animated adventure musical film directed by Bill Kowalchuk for GoodTimes Entertainment. It was released on video and DVD on October 30, 2001. The film uses the characters from the 1964 Rankin/Bass TV special "Rudolph the Red-Nosed Reindeer" and takes place several years after the events of that special (despite Rudolph and Clarice appearing younger in this film than they did at the end of the original special). The film thus revisits classic characters like Hermey

neg: Bent Image Lab Amy Poehler, Erik Bergmann, and Robert Smigel. The short is a parody of the 1964 holiday TV special "Rudolph the Red-Nosed Reindeer". Bent Image Lab has since replicated the same stop-motion style of "Rudolph the Red-Nosed Reindeer" in television advertisements for AT&T, AFLAC, Bing and in a series of 2014 holiday promos for CBS commemorating the 50th anniversary of "Rudolph the Red-Nosed Reindeer." In 2016, the studio produced a ten-minute remake of "Rudolph the Red-Nosed Reindeer" as a 4D attraction film for SimEx-Iwerks. Another significant stop motion project is "Jingle All the Way (TV special)", a holiday special for Hallmark

neg: Rudolph the Red-Nosed Reindeer: The Movie Rudolph the Red-Nosed Reindeer: The Movie Rudolph the Red-Nosed Reindeer: The Movie is a 1998 American animated adventure musical film about the character of the same name, who first appeared in a 1939 story by Robert L. May. The film was the first theatrical feature from GoodTimes Entertainment, long known as a home video company. It stars Kathleen Barr as the voice of the titular Rudolph, and also features celebrity talents including John Goodman, Eric Idle, Cathy Weseluck, Whoopi Goldberg, Debbie Reynolds, Richard Simmons and Bob Newhart. The film disappointed at the box-office, recouping only $113,484 of its $10 million

neg: Rudolph the Red-Nosed Reindeer (video game) by IGN it was rated 1.5/10, and was criticized for its lack of gameplay and its grainy visual effects. IGN summed up their review by stating, "We love these classic claymation movies, so it’s really sad to see such a blatant cash-in on the Rudolph name. Do yourself a favor and purchase something else for the family to enjoy over the holidays, because these reindeer games are a disaster." Rudolph the Red-Nosed Reindeer (video game) Rudolph the Red-Nosed Reindeer is a video game based on the television special of the same name. The game was released by Red Wagon Games

neg: Rudolph the Red-Nosed Reindeer Rudolph. Clarice's flirtation inspires Rudolph to perform better than all of his peers at flying, but in his excitement he knocks the black cover off his nose, revealing a red glow that causes Fireball and the others to turn against him; this distraction, in turn, prompts the coach (Comet) to ban Rudolph from the Reindeer Games. Clarice remains loyal to him, only to be ordered by her father not to shame the family by associating with "a red-nosed reindeer." Rudolph soon runs into Hermey, an elf who was forced out of his job at the North Pole's toy factory; Hermey

neg: Rudolph the Red-Nosed Reindeer and the Island of Misfit Toys was saving him as a family gift. He then places him in the bed of Steven's new daughter who awakens to cuddle up with him, as Mr. Cuddles declares this the happiest day of his life, Steven walks into the room to check on his daughter. As he smiles Santa flies off into the night. Rudolph the Red-Nosed Reindeer and the Island of Misfit Toys Rudolph the Red-Nosed Reindeer and the Island of Misfit Toys is a 2001 American-Canadian Christmas computer-animated adventure musical film directed by Bill Kowalchuk for GoodTimes Entertainment. It was released on video and DVD on October

neg: Rudolph the Red-Nosed Reindeer (TV special) the characters, particularly Santa Claus and the adult reindeer, relied on material that was already public domain anyway; all of the characters except Rudolph, most of the images, and large portions of the spoken soundtrack would thus be public domain in this interpretation.) Because of the indirect copyright protections and uncertainty over their extent, permission is still required to show the program as a whole. The extensive derivative works seen in popular culture are likely a byproduct of this uncertain copyright status. Rudolph the Red-Nosed Reindeer (TV special) Rudolph the Red-Nosed Reindeer is a 1964 Christmas stop motion animated television

neg: Rudolph the Red-Nosed Reindeer (video game) Rudolph the Red-Nosed Reindeer (video game) Rudolph the Red-Nosed Reindeer is a video game based on the television special of the same name. The game was released by Red Wagon Games for both Wii and Nintendo DS on November 9, 2010. However, the developers of the two versions differ: the Wii game was developed by High Voltage Software, while the developer of the DS version is American studio Glyphic Entertainment. In this game, the players compete in four different minigames, with each game having its own motion controls. Each minigame has a time limit. Once the time limit is up,

neg: Rudolph the Red-Nosed Reindeer (TV special) the original LP released in 1964. Tracks 1-9 are the original soundtrack selections while tracks 10-19 are the same songs performed by the Decca Concert Orchestra. The song "Fame and Fortune" is not contained on either release. On November 30, 2004 the soundtrack was certified Gold by the Recording Industry Association of America for selling over 500,000 copies. Ives re-recorded "Rudolph the Red-Nosed Reindeer" and "A Holly Jolly Christmas", with different arrangements, for his own album "Have a Holly Jolly Christmas" in 1965. Books and other items related to the show have in some cases misspelled "Hermey" as "Herbie". Rick

neg: Rudolph the Red-Nosed Reindeer (1948 film) difficult to get through. Nevertheless, he and his reindeer brave out the storm and go anyway. While on the way, an airplane throws them off course; they land at Rudolph's house, where Santa greets him. Telling Rudolph, "I need you tonight to guide my deer on the rest of our flight", Rudolph helps them. Due to his bravery and his glowing nose, he is accepted and respected by his fellow reindeer and made their commander-in-chief by Santa; the reindeer enjoy a merry Christmas together. This 8 minute animated interpretation of the Christmas poem preceded Gene Autry's 1949 song "Rudolph, the

neg: Non-English versions of The Simpsons Newt Gingrich in Quebec is generally replaced with one to Mike Harris. Most of the recurring characters keep their English names in each French version. Two exceptions are Sideshow Bob and Sideshow Mel, who are known as Tahiti Bob and Tahiti Mel in France, as the word "sideshow" has no direct translation. In Quebec, the title "sideshow" is kept as an Anglicism. Another exception is made for the Simpsons family's dog, Santa's Little Helper, who is called "Le p'tit renne au nez rouge" (the French name for the song "Rudolph the Red-Nosed Reindeer", which literally means "Little Red-Nosed Reindeer") in

neg: Rudolph the Red-Nosed Reindeer (TV special) with a glowing red nose. When Santa arrives, he warns Donner that Rudolph will not make the sleigh team because of his nose. So, Donner decides to hide it by covering it with mud so Rudolph will fit in with the other reindeer. A year later, Rudolph goes out to the reindeer games, where the new fawns will be inspected by Santa to pull the sleigh when they grow up. During flight practice, Rudolph meets a beautiful doe named Clarice, who tells him he is cute, making Rudolph fly. However, while celebrating with the other bucks, Rudolph's fake nose pops

neg: Rudolph the Red-Nosed Reindeer The story chronicles the experiences of Rudolph, a youthful reindeer buck (male) who possesses an unusual luminous red nose. Mocked and excluded by his peers because of this trait, Rudolph proves himself one Christmas Eve with poor visibility due to inclement weather after Santa Claus catches sight of Rudolph's nose and asks Rudolph to lead his sleigh for the evening. Rudolph agrees and is finally favored by his fellow reindeer for his heroism and accomplishment. Rudolph made his first screen appearance in 1948, in a cartoon short produced by Max Fleischer for the Jam Handy Corporation that was more faithful

neg: Rockin' Around the Christmas Tree embraced as her career evolved. The recording features Hank Garland and Harold Bradley on guitar, Floyd Cramer on piano, Boots Randolph on sax, Bob Moore on bass, and veteran session player Buddy Harman on drums. The song is written in the key of A-flat major. An instrumental version of the song appears as background music in the 1964 television special "Rudolph the Red-Nosed Reindeer", which exclusively featured music written by Marks. It can be heard in the scene where Rudolph first arrives at the Reindeer Games and meets another reindeer named Fireball. A fully sung version of the song would

neg: Rudolph the Red-Nosed Reindeer had been buying and giving away coloring books for Christmas every year and it was decided that creating their own book would save money. Robert May considered naming the reindeer "Rollo" or "Reginald" before deciding upon using the name "Rudolph". In its first year of publication, Montgomery Ward distributed 2.4 million copies of Rudolph's story. The story is written as a poem in anapestic tetrameter, the same meter as "A Visit from St. Nicholas" (also known as "'Twas the Night Before Christmas"). Publication and reprint rights for the book "Rudolph the Red-Nosed Reindeer" are controlled by Pearson PLC. While May

neg: Rudolph the Red-Nosed Reindeer: The Movie Zoey, a kind young doe who Rudolph has a crush on, and who reciprocates his feelings. One day, Santa Claus meets Rudolph and reassures him that his nose is beautiful and that to be a Flyer a reindeer needs to have a big and honest heart, a trait that he sees in Rudolph. Years later, a teenage Rudolph takes part in the Junior Reindeer Games, for selecting new Flyers for Santa. During a sleigh race event, Cupid's son and Rudolph's mean-spirted cousin Arrow (who is in a relationship with Zoey) causes the other competitors to crash and then tries to

neg: Santa Claus's reindeer Santa Claus's reindeer In traditional festive legend, Santa Claus's reindeer pull a sleigh through the night sky to help Santa Claus deliver gifts to children on Christmas Eve. The commonly cited names of the eight reindeer are Dasher, Dancer, Prancer, Vixen, Comet, Cupid, Donner and Blitzen. They are based on those used in the 1823 poem "A Visit from St. Nicholas" (commonly called "The Night Before Christmas") by Clement Clarke Moore, arguably the basis of the reindeers' popularity. The enduring popularity of the Christmas song "Rudolph the Red-Nosed Reindeer" has led to Rudolph often joining the list, bringing the number

neg: Rudolph the Red-Nosed Reindeer (song) to Autry's subsequent popular Easter song, "Here Comes Peter Cottontail." Autry's version of the song also holds the distinction of being the only chart-topping hit to fall completely off the chart after reaching No. 1. The official date of its No. 1 status was for the week ending January 7, 1950, making it the first No. 1 song of the 1950s. The song was also performed on the December 6, 1949, "Fibber McGee and Molly" radio broadcast by Teeny (Marion Jordan's little girl character) and The Kingsmen vocal group. The lyrics varied greatly from the Autry version. Autry's recording sold

neg: Rudolph the Red-Nosed Reindeer: The Movie budget from its theatrical release. One night, the Sprites of the Northern Lights - a group of singing sprites who fly around the North Pole - witness the birth of a baby reindeer named Rudolph, who has an unusual red, shiny nose. Later in the morning, Rudolph and his parents, Blitzen and Mitzi, meet up with Rudolph's three uncles - Dasher, Comet, and Cupid. Cupid tickles Rudolph and inadvertently triggers his glowing nose, which draws attention and causes Rudolph to become the center of scorn and mockery. Meanwhile, two of Santa Claus's elves, Doggle and Boone, cross the ice bridge

neg: Christmas in the post-war United States with Montgomery Ward. The song tells the story of a reindeer whose shiny red nose guides Santa's sleigh through the fog on Christmas Eve. Gene Autry's 1949 recording remained at #1 for a week and brought the song widespread fame. Only "White Christmas" has sold more copies. Autry had another hit in 1950 with "Frosty the Snowman", written by Jack Rollins and Steve Nelson as a direct attempt to create a success in the vein of "Rudolph The Red-Nosed Reindeer". The song tells the story of a magical snowman who has playful adventures with children. In 1963, "Frosty" hit its

neg: Robert L. May speaks in anapestic tetrameter), written in 1947 but only published posthumously as "Rudolph's Second Christmas" (1992), and subsequently with the title "Rudolph to the Rescue" (2006). The second sequel is entirely in anapaestic tetrameter like the original: "Rudolph Shines Again" (1954). May also published four other children's books: "Benny the Bunny Liked Beans" (1940), "Winking Willie" (1948), "The Fighting Tenderfoot" (1954), and "Sam the Scared-est Scarecrow" (1972). May told his story of the writing of "Rudolph, the Red-Nosed Reindeer" in his article "Robert May Tells how Rudolph, The Red Nosed Reindeer Came into Being" from the "Gettysburg Times" published on

neg: Frosty the Snowman (film) people to record the song when it was released in 1950 (at the time the song had slightly different lyrics); he re-recorded the song for the special. Rankin/Bass veteran writer Romeo Muller adapted and expanded the story for television as he had done with "Rudolph the Red-Nosed Reindeer". "TV Guide" ranked the special number 4 on its 10 Best Family Holiday Specials list. In a school on Christmas Eve, a teacher hires Professor Hinkle, an inept magician, to entertain the children for their class Christmas party. After failing his first trick, he throws his hat away. Class is dismissed and

neg: Olive, the Other Reindeer seen in 2015. The story was based on the 1997 children's book by Vivian Walsh and illustrated by J. Otto Seibold. In the song, "Rudolph the Red-Nosed Reindeer", the lyric "All of the other reindeer" can be misheard in dialects with the cot–caught merger as the mondegreen "Olive, the other reindeer". Drew Barrymore voices the title character. The special was nominated for the Emmy Award for Outstanding Animated Program. The story follows an anthropomorphic Jack Russell Terrier named Olive, who does not act like a dog. While in town, she meets Martini, a con artist penguin, from whom she buys

neg: Peter Cottontail (song) Peter Cottontail (song) Here Comes Peter Cottontail is a popular Easter song composed in 1949, by Steve Nelson and Jack Rollins. They also wrote "Frosty the Snowman" in 1950. Mervin Shiner was the first person to record the song, on Decca Records in 1950. It reached #8 on Billboard Hot 100 Due to the immense popularity of Gene Autry's Christmas songs "Here Comes Santa Claus" and "Rudolph the Red Nosed Reindeer", Nelson and Rollins asked Autry to record their song. His 1950 version was on the Columbia label and peaked at number 3 on the U.S "Billboard" Hot Country Singles

neg: Christmas Mountains away! Dash away all! Although a ninth reindeer was later added to Santa Claus' team in the popular Christmas song "Rudolph the Red-Nosed Reindeer", no peak was named for Rudolph, "the most famous reindeer of all". Until the mid-1990s, the Christmas Mountains remained untouched by industrial forestry operations. As Crown land, the New Brunswick Department of Natural Resources administered the property as part of a vast swath of forest across the north-central part of the province. With few roads leading into the area, the Christmas Mountains maintained an old growth Acadian forest that was unique to northeastern North America. New

neg: Rudolph the Red-Nosed Reindeer of Rudolph's defect, trains him to be a normal reindeer with skills such as gathering food and hiding from the "Abominable Snow Monster", a giant, furry white beast. To hide Rudolph's nose, Donner puts dirt on it to cover it with a black coating. This causes Rudolph to talk in a funny accent, as told by the Rudolph's peers. A short time later, Rudolph joins his peers at the Reindeer Games, where he meets Fireball, who is initially friendly and has a shock of strawberry blond hair on his head, and Clarice, a female spectator who takes a liking to

neg: Rudolph the Red-Nosed Reindeer social rejection among his peers and his decision to run away from home. Rudolph is accompanied by a similarly outcast elf named Hermey, who skipped elf practice to become a dentist, along with a loud, boisterous, eager prospector named Yukon Cornelius who was in search of wealth. Additional original characters include Rudolph's love interest, Clarice; the antagonistic "Abominable Snow Monster"; and, as narrator, Sam the living Snowman, voiced by Burl Ives. In the 1964 stop-motion movie, Rudolph is born to Donner the Reindeer and Donner's wife. He is discovered by Santa to have a shiny, glowing red nose. Donner, regardless

neg: Rudolph the Red-Nosed Reindeer (song) names of the eight reindeer which went: "You know Dasher and Dancer and Prancer and Vixen, Comet and Cupid and Donner and Blitzen,<br> But do you recall The most famous reindeer of all?" The song was first sung by crooner Harry Brannon on New York City radio in early November 1949, before Gene Autry's recording hit No. 1 in the U.S. charts during Christmas 1949. The song was suggested as a "B" side for a record Autry was making. Autry rejected the song. His wife convinced him to use it. The success of this Christmas song by Autry gave support

neg: I Believe in Everything (song) of "Rudolph the Red-Nosed Reindeer". I Believe in Everything (song) "I Believe in Everything" is a song by John Entwistle. "I Believe in Everything" was released as a single in 1971. The B-side was "My Size". The song also appears on Entwistle's debut solo album, "Smash Your Head Against the Wall". When Entwistle was asked about the song in comparison to the rest of the album, he said: I've been saying a lot of stuff that I didn't really believe in. I sort of wrote it for the heads, really, the people thinking, "ah, so that's where Entwistle's brain's at,

neg: Rudolph the Red-Nosed Reindeer (song) 1.75 million copies its first Christmas season, eventually selling a total of 12.5 million. Cover versions included, sales exceed 150 million copies, second only to Bing Crosby's "White Christmas". In December 2018, Autry's version entered the Billboard Hot 100 at #36, nearly 70 years after it first charted. The lyric "All of the other reindeer" can be misheard in dialects with the cot–caught merger as the mondegreen "Olive, the other reindeer", and has given rise to another character featured in her own Christmas television special, "Olive, the Other Reindeer". The song in its Finnish translation, "Petteri Punakuono", has led to

neg: Harry Brannon Harry Brannon Harry Brannon (June 19, 1920 – December 29, 1991) was an American popular singer born in Gloucester City, New Jersey. Brannon regularly introduced new pop songs in a live format over New York City radio on the WOR Mutual Broadcasting Company broadcast coast to coast. Early in November 1949, Brannon sang "Rudolph the Red-Nosed Reindeer" over the airwaves for WOR, promoting the Gene Autry classic. By November 25, "Rudolph the Red-Nosed Reindeer" began its appearance on the music charts. Various popular artists had initially turned down the opportunity to promote the record, including Bing Crosby, due to its

neg: Harry Brannon 1966, at age 30. Harry, known as Jerry, was the biological son of stuntman Harry Woolman. He died of Alzheimer's disease at age 71. Harry Brannon Harry Brannon (June 19, 1920 – December 29, 1991) was an American popular singer born in Gloucester City, New Jersey. Brannon regularly introduced new pop songs in a live format over New York City radio on the WOR Mutual Broadcasting Company broadcast coast to coast. Early in November 1949, Brannon sang "Rudolph the Red-Nosed Reindeer" over the airwaves for WOR, promoting the Gene Autry classic. By November 25, "Rudolph the Red-Nosed Reindeer" began its

neg: Rudolph the Red-Nosed Reindeer (TV special) of postage stamps featuring Rudolph were issued by the United States Postal Service on November 6, 2014. Sam the Snowman welcomes the viewers to Christmastown at the North Pole and introduces Santa and Mrs. Claus who live in a castle located left of the Christmas Tree Forest. Later on, Sam recalls the year Christmas was almost cancelled due to a big snowstorm and how a very special reindeer saved the day. Donner, Santa's lead reindeer, and his wife have given birth to a new fawn named Rudolph. Upon admiring him, they are surprised to see that he has been born

neg: Joulupukki perform in return for leftover food after Christmas. Historically, such a person was an older man, and the tradition refers to him as a "nuuttipukki". He usually wears warm red robes (but with a broad band of blue near the fur), uses a walking stick, and travels in a sleigh pulled by a number of reindeer, which cannot fly like Santa Claus's fleet. In Lapland, his mount is a "pulkka" rather than a sleigh. The popular holiday song "Rudolph the Red-Nosed Reindeer", in its Finnish translation, "Petteri Punakuono", has led to Rudolph's general acceptance in Finland as Joulupukki's lead reindeer.

neg: Rudolph the Red-Nosed Reindeer (TV special) by Sam the Snowman 6. "The Most Wonderful Day of the Year" sung by the Misfit Toys 7. "A Holly Jolly Christmas" sung by Sam the Snowman 8. "Rudolph the Red-Nosed Reindeer" sung by Sam the Snowman This version has the NBC "living color" peacock at the introduction. It includes the original end credits, where an elf drops presents that list all the technical credits. It also includes commercials that were exclusively for GE small appliances with some of the same animated elves from the main program introducing each of the products, and closing NBC network bumpers, including promos for

neg: Rudolph the Red-Nosed Reindeer (TV special) as an anomaly. The copyright of the "Rudolph the Red-Nosed Reindeer" special lies in an area of uncertainty in regard to American federal copyright law. When the recording was originally published, the date of copyright (published in Roman numerals) was accidentally listed as 1164 (MCLXIV), omitting an M that should have been present (1964 in Roman numerals is MCMLXIV); this mistake was not corrected with subsequent edits and remains on televised prints to this day. The songs were validly and separately copyrighted, and the original character on which the special was based also remains under copyright and trademark protection, extending

neg: Have a Holly Jolly Christmas media. Have a Holly Jolly Christmas Have a Holly Jolly Christmas is a Christmas album by American folk singer Burl Ives, first released by Decca Records in October 1965 (Recorded in November 1964). Ives had recorded two of the songs ("A Holly Jolly Christmas" and "Rudolph the Red-Nosed Reindeer") the previous year on the "Rudolph the Red-Nosed Reindeer" soundtrack. In both cases for this album, Ives re-recorded the tracks (he used a significantly different and slower arrangement for "A Holly Jolly Christmas;" of the two versions Ives recorded, the version on this album is the version more commonly heard in

neg: Have a Holly Jolly Christmas Have a Holly Jolly Christmas Have a Holly Jolly Christmas is a Christmas album by American folk singer Burl Ives, first released by Decca Records in October 1965 (Recorded in November 1964). Ives had recorded two of the songs ("A Holly Jolly Christmas" and "Rudolph the Red-Nosed Reindeer") the previous year on the "Rudolph the Red-Nosed Reindeer" soundtrack. In both cases for this album, Ives re-recorded the tracks (he used a significantly different and slower arrangement for "A Holly Jolly Christmas;" of the two versions Ives recorded, the version on this album is the version more commonly heard in modern

neg: Larry D. Mann Larry D. Mann Larry D. Mann (18 December 1922 – 6 January 2014) was a Canadian actor. He was best known as "The Boss" in a series of Bell Canada television commercials in the 1980s and for voicing the character of Yukon Cornelius in "Rudolph the Red-Nosed Reindeer". Larry D. Mann was born in Toronto, Ontario, on 18 December 1922. Prior to beginning his acting career, he was a disc jockey on 1050 CHUM radio in Toronto in 1949. Mann voiced the character of Yukon Cornelius in the classic Rankin-Bass Christmas special "Rudolph the Red-Nosed Reindeer". He also provided voices

neg: Rudolph the Red-Nosed Reindeer open access online journal "Frontiers for Young Minds" in 2015. In the paper, Dominy noted that reindeer eyes can perceive shorter wavelengths of light than humans, allowing them to see ultraviolet light; ultraviolet light, however, is much more easily scattered in fog, which would blind reindeer. Thus, Rudolph's red nose, emitting longer-wavelength red light, would penetrate the fog more easily. A summary of Dominy's findings was released in an "Associated Press" article on December 22. Also a video game by High Voltage Software Three BBC animations carry on the legend by introducing Rudolph's son, Robbie the Reindeer. However, Rudolph is

neg: Frosty the Snowman Frosty the Snowman "Frosty the Snowman" (or "Frosty the Snow Man") is a popular Christmas song written by Walter "Jack" Rollins and Steve Nelson, and first recorded by Gene Autry and the Cass County Boys in 1950 and later recorded by Jimmy Durante, releasing it as a single. It was written after the success of Autry's recording of "Rudolph the Red-Nosed Reindeer" the previous year; Rollins and Nelson shipped the new song to Autry, who recorded "Frosty" in search of another seasonal hit. Like "Rudolph", "Frosty" was subsequently adapted to other media including a popular television special by Rankin/Bass Productions,

neg: Rudolph the Red-Nosed Reindeer and the Island of Misfit Toys and parachutes his way down to Yukon's peppermint mine in hopes of escaping Rudolph and Clarice. Due to the holes in the blimp, Hermey loses control. Luckily Bumble is there to save Yukon, Hermey and the blimp before any further damage can be made. The reindeer are still chasing the Toy Taker until he pulls a switch and follows the reindeer from behind. After this the toy taker threw lanterns at Rudolph and clarify so he foul escrow them but Rudolph captured him, Rudolph and Clarice eject themselves from the cart and have to help save the Toy Taker from

neg: Rudolph the Red-Nosed Reindeer (TV special) based on thirteen reviews. In December 2018, a "Hollywood Reporter"/"Morning Consult" poll which surveyed 2,200 adults from Nov. 15-18, 2018, named "Rudolph the Red-Nosed Reindeer" the most beloved holiday film, with 83 percent of respondents having a generally favorable response to the title. The Rankin/Bass special, which currently airs on CBS, inspired numerous television sequels made by the same studio: The television special's familiarity to American audiences through its annual rebroadcasts, along with its primitive stop-motion animation that is easy to recreate with modern technology and the special's ambiguous copyright status, has lent itself to numerous parodies and homages over

neg: Rudolph the Red-Nosed Reindeer Red-Nosed Reindeer" from 1950 to 1962. Rube Grossman drew most of the 1950s stories. In 1972, DC Comics published a 14th edition in an extra-large format. Subsequently, they published six more in that format: "Limited Collectors' Edition" C-24, C-33, C-42, C-50 and "All-New Collectors' Edition" C-53, C-60. Additionally, one digest format edition was published as "The Best of DC" #4 (March–April 1980). The 1970s Rudolph stories were written and drawn by Sheldon Mayer. In 1958, Little Golden Books published an illustrated storybook, adapted by Barbara Shook Hazen and illustrated by Richard Scarry. The book, similar in story to the Max

neg: Rudolph the Red-Nosed Reindeer owned by The Rudolph Company, LP and has been adapted in numerous forms including a popular song, the iconic 1964 television special and sequels, and and sequel. Character Arts, LLC manages the licensing for the Rudolph Company, LP. In many countries, Rudolph has become a figure of Christmas folklore. 2014 marked the 75th anniversary of the character and the 50th anniversary of the television special. A series of postage stamps featuring Rudolph was issued by the United States Postal Service on November 6, 2014. Robert L. May created Rudolph in 1939 as an assignment for Chicago-based Montgomery Ward. The retailer

neg: Gene Autry "Rudolph the Red-Nosed Reindeer". He wrote "Here Comes Santa Claus" after being the Grand Marshal of the 1946 Santa Claus Lane Parade (Now the Hollywood Christmas Parade). He heard all of the spectators watching the parade saying "Here comes Santa Claus!" virtually handing him the title for his song. He recorded his version of the song in 1947 and it became an instant classic. Autry was the original owner of Challenge Records. The label's biggest hit was "Tequila" by The Champs in 1958, which started the rock-and-roll instrumental craze of the late 1950s and early 1960s. He sold the label

neg: Rudolph the Red-Nosed Reindeer never directly mentioned by name (references are replaced by the first and second films' villain Blitzen interrupting with the phrase, "Don't say that name!", or something similar, presumably for copyright reasons.) Rudolph is also given a younger brother, Rusty Reindeer, in the American special, "" (2006). Like in the "Robbie the Reindeer" cartoons, Rudolph's name is not said in the film nor does he make a physical appearance. However, he does appear on a poster and one scene in the film shows a cardboard cutout and toys of Rudolph. Unlike previous versions of the character, this Rudolph has a black

neg: A Holly Jolly Christmas The song was featured in the 1964 Rankin-Bass Christmas special, "Rudolph the Red-Nosed Reindeer", in which Burl Ives voiced the narrator, Sam the Snowman. Originally to be sung by Larry D. Mann as Yukon Cornelius, the song, as well as "Silver and Gold," was given to Burl Ives due to his singing fame. This version was also included on the soundtrack album for the special and later released as a single. The song was re-recorded by Ives for his 1965 holiday album, "Have a Holly Jolly Christmas". This version of the song has a somewhat slower arrangement than the "Rudolph

neg: Rudolph the Red-Nosed Reindeer (TV special) alone and unloved, are suddenly cheered up when Santa arrives to pick them up. Santa wishes everyone a merry Christmas as he and Rudolph fly off into the night. The TV special, with the teleplay by Romeo Muller, introduced several new characters inspired by the song's lyrics. Muller told an interviewer shortly before his death that he would have preferred to base the teleplay on May's original book, but could not find a copy. Other than Burl Ives, all characters were portrayed by Canadian actors recorded at RCA studios in Toronto under the supervision of Bernard Cowan. After the script,

neg: Run Rudolph Run "Rudolph the Red-Nosed Reindeer") and Marvin Brodie. Berry's 1958 45-rpm single, however, gives writing credits to "C. Berry Music – M. Brodie". All subsequent cover versions of the song are credited to Marks and Brodie, as published by Marks's St. Nicholas Music (ASCAP). The song's dialogue between Santa and the children references popular toys of the 1950s: This song was covered by singer Whitney Wolanin in 2013. Her recording reached the highest chart position of all versions on "Billboard", reaching number two on its Adult Contemporary chart. Wolanin starred in an HD parody music film with the song about the

neg: Secular Christmas stories Yule Goat) is like Santa driving a sleigh led by reindeers in the sky, so think Santa may stem from both Christian and pre-Christian Germanic mythology. In the 1950s, several Christmas cartoons emerged that deliberately adopt elements of Christian stories to convey the "true meaning of Christmas" in allegorical terms. An early film, "Rudolph the Red-Nosed Reindeer (TV special)" based on a Gene Autry song, involved a rejected and mocked reindeer that ends up leading the other reindeer through the help of a misfit elf and misfit toys. Similarly, "Frosty the Snowman" contains several Christian motifs, is the story of

neg: Ho Ho Ho Visage is featured on the track, and sings about batteries as her only memorable Christmas present. The second track is RuPaul's re-imagining of "Rudolph, the Red-Nosed Reindeer" as "RuPaul, the Red-Nosed Drag Queen". In "All I Want For Christmas", the singer makes a list of requests for various plastic surgery procedures that he would like to receive for the holiday, including cheek implants, chin implants, and a buttock augmentation. He also recorded a cover of "All Alone on Christmas", calling it his favorite Christmas song; he clarified that he wanted to do a serious interpretation of the track. RuPaul's covers

neg: Hound Dog (song) In 1958 the "Hound Dog"/"Don't Be Cruel" single became just the third record to sell more than three million copies, following Bing Crosby's "White Christmas" and Gene Autry's "Rudolph The Red-Nosed Reindeer". Despite its commercial success, "Elvis used to say that 'Hound Dog' was the silliest song he'd ever sung and thought it might sell ten or twelve records right around his folks' neighborhood." By the end of summer 1956, after Presley's recording of the song was a million-seller, Freddie Bell, who had introduced the song to Presley in April, told an interviewer: "I didn't feel bad about that at

neg: Rudolph the Red-Nosed Reindeer Fleischer cartoon short, is no longer in print, but a revised Little Golden Books version of the storybook was reissued in 1972. Perhaps the most well-known version of all the Rudolph adaptations is the Rankin/Bass version of 1964. Filmed in Tokyo, Japan, with all sound recordings done in Toronto, Canada, the show premiered on NBC. As the producers of the special only had the song as source material and did not have a copy of the original book, they interpolated an original story around the central narrative of the song, one that differed from the book. This re-telling chronicles Rudolph's

neg: Rudolph the Red-Nosed Reindeer: The Movie Slyly and a polar bear named Leonard. Meanwhile, Zoey learns that Rudolph ran away from home, and runs off in search of him. She eventually comes across Stormella's bridge the next morning and decides to cross it despite the consequences. However, she is caught by Stormella, who imprisons her. Santa sends Boone and Doggle to search for Rudolph and Zoey. Rudolph meets the Sprites, who inform him of Zoey's capture and instruct him on how to properly use his nose. Rudolph, Leonard, and Slyly journey to Stormella's castle, but upon arrival, Slyly chooses to stay behind out of fear of

neg: Rudolph the Red-Nosed Reindeer: The Movie of the wicked Ice Queen, Stormella, accidentally destroying several of her ice statues. When Stormella finds out, she demands Santa to hand Boone and Doggle over to her to face consequences. When he refuses, she closes her bridge as punishment, and warns that if anyone dares to cross it, she will create a blizzard so strong it will stop Santa from delivering presents to children around the world on Christmas Eve. Rudolph later starts attending school, where he is ridiculed for wanting to be among Santa's reindeer, the Flyers, despite his nose. The only one who doesn't tease him is

neg: Mondegreen 1997 children's book by Vivian Walsh, which borrows its title from a mondegreen of the line "all of the other reindeer" in the song "Rudolph the Red-Nosed Reindeer". The book was adapted into an animated Christmas special in 1999. A monologue of mondegreens appears in the 1971 film "Carnal Knowledge". The camera focuses on actress Candice Bergen laughing as she recounts various phrases that fooled her as a child, including "Round John Virgin" (instead of '"Round yon virgin...") and "Gladly, the cross-eyed bear". The enigmatic title of the 2013 film "Ain't Them Bodies Saints" is actually a misheard lyric from

neg: Rudolph the Red-Nosed Reindeer and the Island of Misfit Toys Toy taker is nothing but a low life crook. Rudolph has a plan to foil the Toy Taker's plan by disguising themselves as toys. The blimp arrives and manages to steal them along with the Misfit Toys, all except for Bumble, who is too big to fit into the blimp so he follows on a floating ice berg. Rudolph tries to talk to a new misfit toy, a kite who is scared of heights, and wakes him up from his hypnosis, but fails. The Toy Taker hears all the chatter, and realizing there are intruders, catches Rudolph, Clarice, Yukon, and

neg: Frosty the Snowman as the voice of a more sardonic Frosty defending the value of snow against Mr. Twitchell (Brian Doyle-Murray), the maker of a snow-removal spray. Frosty the Snowman "Frosty the Snowman" (or "Frosty the Snow Man") is a popular Christmas song written by Walter "Jack" Rollins and Steve Nelson, and first recorded by Gene Autry and the Cass County Boys in 1950 and later recorded by Jimmy Durante, releasing it as a single. It was written after the success of Autry's recording of "Rudolph the Red-Nosed Reindeer" the previous year; Rollins and Nelson shipped the new song to Autry, who recorded

neg: Children's song films such as "Pinocchio" (1940) and "Song of the South" (1946). The mid-twentieth century baby boomers provided a growing market for children's music. Woody Guthrie, Pete Seeger, and Ella Jenkins were among the politically progressive and socially conscious performers who aimed albums at children. Novelty recordings like "Rudolph the Red-Nosed Reindeer" (a Montgomery Ward jingle that became a book and later a classic children's movie) and the fictional music group Alvin and the Chipmunks were among the most commercially successful music ventures of the time. In the 1960s, as the baby boomers matured and became more politically aware, they embraced

neg: Rudolph the Red-Nosed Reindeer: The Movie Stormella's pet wolves while Rudolph and Leonard enter. After Rudolph and Leonard are captured and imprisoned by Stormella, she unleashes a massive blizzard upon the North Pole. After Stormella goes to sleep, Slyly, having had a change of heart, sneaks into her bedroom and retrieves a key that unlocks the prison cells. However, Stormella wakes up, realizes this, and sends her pack of wolves after Rudolph and his friends, who eventually corner them on a cliff. When she threatens to freeze Zoey first, Rudolph uses his nose to blind Stormella, sending her toppling over the cliff and hanging on for

neg: Rudolph the Red-Nosed Reindeer (TV special) reindeer games. Marks' holiday standard "Rockin' Around the Christmas Tree" appears as instrumental background music when Rudolph first arrives at the Reindeer Games. Also included in the soundtrack is an instrumental version of Marks' setting of the Christmas hymn "I Heard the Bells on Christmas Day." In 1964, an LP record of the soundtrack was released on Decca Records. It contained all the original songs performed as they are in the special, with the exception of Burl Ives' material, which has been re-recorded. MCA Special Products released the soundtrack on CD in June 1995. It is an exact duplication of

neg: Christmas music for Christmas. Many titles help define the mythical aspects of modern Christmas celebration: Santa Claus bringing presents, coming down the chimney, being pulled by reindeer, etc. New mythical characters are created, defined, and popularized by these songs; "Rudolph the Red-Nosed Reindeer", adapted from a major retailer's promotional poem, was introduced to radio audiences by Gene Autry in 1949. His follow-up a year later introduced "Frosty the Snowman", the central character of his song. Though overtly religious, and authored (at least partly) by a writer of many church hymns, no drumming child appears in any biblical account of the Christian nativity

neg: Reindeer and Blixem was later changed to Bliksem, then Blitzen ("blitz" being German for "lightning"). Some consider Rudolph as part of the group as well, though he was not part of the original named work referenced previously. Rudolph was added by Robert L. May in 1939 in his book "Rudolph the Red-Nosed Reindeer". Among the Inuit, there is a story of the origin of the caribou, Inuit artists from the barren lands, incorporate depictions of caribou—and items made from caribou antlers and skin—in carvings, drawings, prints and sculpture. Contemporary Canadian artist Brian Jungen's, of Dunne-za First Nations ancestry, commissioned an installation

neg: Rudolph the Red-Nosed Reindeer and the Island of Misfit Toys Hermey, and they fall down. Before they can meet their demise, Rudolph and Clarice fly to save them. They head back into the blimp, with Yukon chasing after the Toy Taker, Hermey piloting the blimp, and Rudolph and Clarice doing their best to wake up the toys from their hypnosis once again. Yukon finally chases the Toy Taker up to the top of the blimp. When a boomerang who doesn't come back swoops by Yukon, he loses his balance and falls. Rudolph and Clarice confront the Toy Taker, with Rudolph's nose blinding him during the confrontation. The Toy Taker flees

neg: Rudolph the Red-Nosed Reindeer and the Island of Misfit Toys the Elf (now a D.D.S.) and Rudolph, who is now famous in the Arctic tundra. GoodTimes Entertainment, three years prior, had released "", which was set in a separate continuity with different supporting characters. Several key personnel were retained from that movie: Kathleen Barr, the voice of Rudolph; Michael Aschner, the head writer; and Bill Kowalchuk, the director. Golden Books Family Entertainment was likewise retained as the production company. The voice cast includes Rick Moranis, Jamie Lee Curtis, and Richard Dreyfuss. Rudolph, not satisfied with being a "novelty act" performing tricks with his nose, travels with Hermey to the Island

neg: Rudolph the Red-Nosed Reindeer (TV special) Since those involved with the production had no idea of the future value of the stop-motion puppet figures used in the production, many were not preserved. Rankin claimed in 2007 to be in possession of an original Rudolph figure. Nine other puppets—including Santa and young Rudolph—were given to a secretary, who gave them to family members. Eventually seven were discarded. In 2005, the remaining two puppets of Rudolph and Santa were appraised on "Antiques Roadshow"; the episode aired in 2006 on PBS. At that time, their appraised value was between $8,000 and $10,000. The puppets had been damaged through years

neg: Johnny Marks story of Rudolph., He lived on West 11th Street in Greenwich Village and is buried in Woodlawn Cemetery in The Bronx, New York City. Among Marks' many works is "Rudolph, the Red-Nosed Reindeer", which was based on a poem of the same name, written by Marks’s brother-in-law, Robert L. May, Rudolph's creator. A television film based on the story and song first aired in 1964, with Marks himself composing the score. In addition to his songwriting, he founded St. Nicholas Music in 1949, and served as director of ASCAP from 1957 to 1961. In 1981, he was inducted into the

neg: Taylor Momsen 5 years old, Momsen recorded the song "Christmas, Why Can't I Find You?" for the soundtrack to "How the Grinch Stole Christmas". In 2002, she recorded the songs "One Small Voice" and "Rudolph The Red-Nosed Reindeer" for the compilation album "School's Out! Christmas". In March 2009, Momsen stated in an interview with "OK!" magazine that her band The Pretty Reckless had signed a deal with Interscope Records. She played her first tour with her band opening for The Veronicas on their Revenge Is Sweeter Tour in spring 2009. After the tour, Momsen began working with guitarist Ben Phillips, who would

neg: Rudolph the Red-Nosed Reindeer (TV special) that he will find homes for the Misfit Toys, the Head Elf tells Hermey that he can open his own dentist's office a week after Christmas, and Donner apologizes for being hard on Rudolph. Yukon returns with a tamed snow monster, now trained to trim a Christmas tree. Christmas Eve comes and while everybody is celebrating, Santa reluctantly announces that the weather has forced him to cancel Christmas, but is soon inspired by Rudolph's red nose. He asks Rudolph to lead the sleigh, Rudolph accepts, and they fly off to the island where the Misfit Toys, sad about being left

neg: Rudolph the Red-Nosed Reindeer Hermey and Yukon (who arrived separately), they lure the Bumble away and pacify him by knocking him unconscious and allowing Hermey (with dental skills he has acquired by reading books) to remove his sharp teeth. Everyone eventually returns to Santa's workshop, where a dismayed Santa Claus breaks the bad news that the weather is too bad to take the sleigh out and that Christmas would be canceled. Santa changes his mind when he notices Rudolph's red nose and asks Rudolph to lead the sleigh team, which he happily accepts. After the story's initial broadcast, its closing credits were revised. Images

neg: Rudolph the Red-Nosed Reindeer characters from the Rankin/Bass special (as GoodTimes soon learned that Rankin/Bass had made a copyright error that made the characters unique to their special free to use). A live-action version of Rudolph (complete with glowing nose) along with Donner and Blitzen appears in the "Doctor Who" Christmas special, "Last Christmas" which was broadcast on BBC One on 25 December 2014. In this special, Santa is able to park him like a car and turn off his nose. Nathaniel Dominy, an anthropology professor at Dartmouth College (Robert L. May's alma mater), published a scholarly paper on Rudolph's red nose in the

neg: Children's music (1946). The mid-20th-century arrival of the baby boomers provided a growing market for children's music as a separate genre. Woody Guthrie, Pete Seeger and Ella Jenkins were among a cadre of politically progressive and socially conscious performers who aimed albums to this group. During this time, such novelty recordings as "Rudolph the Red-Nosed Reindeer" (a Montgomery Ward jingle that became a book and later a classic children's movie) and the fictional music group, The Chipmunks, were among the most commercially successful music ventures of the time ("The Chipmunk Song" was a No. 1 hit single in 1958). TV personality Bob

neg: Rudolph the Red-Nosed Reindeer (TV special) the years. Animator Corky Quakenbush has produced parodies of "Rudolph" for several American television shows: In the sci-fi/comedy series "The Orville", in the episode "About a Girl", characters watch "Rudolph" to make the character Bortus consider his plans to arrange gender reassignment surgery for his newborn daughter (Bortus's species, the Moclans, are a single-gender species who statistically produce only one female every seventy-five years, with females thus having no clear place in their society) by demonstrating how unconventional people can accomplish great things, although Bortus humorously misinterprets the film to suggest that Rudolph's father might have considered euthanizing his child

neg: Rudolph the Red-Nosed Reindeer (TV special) the toys to the island until he can find homes and children who will love them. The king allows them to stay one night on the island until they can tell Santa to find homes for them by Christmas when they get home. However, Rudolph leaves the island on his own, still worried that his nose will endanger his friends. Time passes and Rudolph grows into a young stag, still enduring mockery from others. He returns home to find that his parents and Clarice have been looking for him for months. He sets out once again to locate them and

neg: Rudolph the Red-Nosed Reindeer (TV special) off, causing the other reindeer to mock him and the coach to expel him. He then meets Hermey, an elf who ran away from Santa's workshop because he wanted to be a dentist instead of making toys, so they run away together. They then meet a prospector named Yukon Cornelius, who has searched his whole life long to find silver and gold, but never does. After escaping the Abominable Snow Monster of the North, they crash land on the Island of Misfit Toys where unloved or unwanted toys live with their ruler, a winged lion named King Moonracer who brings