query: when was the first roller coaster built in the world

pos: Roller coaster constructed a sledding hill in the gardens of her palace at Oranienbaum in St. Petersburg. The name "Russian Mountains" to designate a roller coaster is preserved in many languages (e.g. the Spanish "montaña rusa"), but the Russian term for roller coasters is "" ("amerikanskiye gorki"), meaning "American mountains." The first modern roller coaster, the "Promenades Aeriennes", opened in Parc Beaujon in Paris on July 8, 1817. It featured wheeled cars securely locked to the track, guide rails to keep them on course, and higher speeds. It spawned half a dozen imitators, but their popularity soon declined. However, during the Belle

neg: Sandusky, Ohio a wooden roller coaster, was built and named for the local high school's mascot. It is currently the park's oldest operating roller coaster. In the latter half of the twentieth century, Cedar Point shattered countless roller coaster records with rides like Corkscrew (first coaster with three or more inversions), Gemini (tallest and fastest roller coaster in the world when constructed in 1978), Magnum XL-200 (tallest and fastest roller coaster in the world when constructed in 1989), Mean Streak (tallest and fastest wooden roller coaster in the world when constructed in 1991), Raptor (tallest and fastest inverted roller coaster in the

neg: White Canyon (roller coaster) White Canyon (roller coaster) White Canyon () was a wooden roller coaster at the Yomiuriland amusement park near Inagi, Tokyo, Japan. It was one of the first wooden roller coasters in Japan, and it was one of the largest Cyclone-style roller coasters in the world. Prior to 1994, when White Canyon was constructed, there was only one wooden roller coaster, Jupiter (built in 1992), which had ever been built in Japan. This was largely due to strict, earthquake-related building codes which restricted the height of wooden structures in Japan. White Canyon was built as a collaboration of Roller Coaster Corporation

neg: Firebird (roller coaster) Firebird (roller coaster) Firebird is an upcoming floorless roller coaster located at Six Flags America in Prince George's County, Maryland. The roller coaster had originally debuted in 1990 as a stand-up roller coaster named Iron Wolf at Six Flags Great America. It was later relocated to Six Flags America in 2012 and renamed Apocalypse, under which it operated until 2018. It will reemerge as Firebird when it reopens in 2019. The roller coaster was the first to be built by Swiss manufacturer Bolliger & Mabillard. When known as Iron Wolf, the roller coaster briefly held world records among stand-up roller

neg: Top Thrill Dragster Top Thrill Dragster Top Thrill Dragster is a steel accelerator roller coaster built by Intamin at Cedar Point in Sandusky, Ohio, United States. It was the sixteenth roller coaster built at the park since the Blue Streak in 1964. When built in 2003, it was the first full circuit roller coaster to exceed in height, and was the tallest roller coaster in the world, before being surpassed by Kingda Ka at Six Flags Great Adventure in May 2005. Top Thrill Dragster, along with Kingda Ka, are the only strata coasters in existence. It was the second hydraulically launched roller coaster

neg: Vild-Svinet Vild-Svinet Vild-Svinet (Danish for The Wild Boar) is a steel roller coaster at BonBon-Land in southern Zealand, Denmark, approximately from Copenhagen. Vild-Svinet is the prototype for the Gerstlauer Euro-Fighter roller coaster model. At 97 degrees, the coaster is the steepest roller coaster in Denmark. Opening on 16 May 2003, Vild-Svinet was the first ever Euro-Fighter model coaster to be built. When it opened, Vild-Svinet was the steepest roller coaster in the world (other Euro-Fighters would later tie its record) until its record was surpassed by Steel Hawg at Indiana Beach. Vild-Svinet was also the first roller coaster in the world

neg: Cyclone (Revere Beach) Cyclone (Revere Beach) The Cyclone was a wooden roller coaster that operated at Revere Beach in Revere, Massachusetts, from 1925 until 1969. When Cyclone was constructed, it was the tallest roller coaster ever built, as well as being the first roller coaster in the world to reach in height. In addition to being the tallest roller coaster of its day, some also claim that it was the largest and fastest roller coaster in the world, with a length of and top speeds between 45 and 50 mph (some dispute the speed record claim and instead award that honor to the

neg: Thunderbolt (Savin Rock) Thunderbolt (Savin Rock) Thunderbolt was a wooden roller coaster which operated at Savin Rock Amusement Park in West Haven, Connecticut, from 1925 until 1938 when it was destroyed by a hurricane. It was rebuilt in modified form in 1939 and it continued to operate until 1956. When it was first built, it was purported to be the fastest roller coaster in the world. Originally named "The Bobs", the coaster was best known by its later name of Thunderbolt. It was designed by noted roller coaster engineers Frank Prior and Frederick Church and built by the Traver Engineering Company. The coaster

neg: Magnum XL-200 an ACE Roller Coaster Landmark on June 21, 2004, at the 27th Annual Convention of the American Coaster Enthusiasts. It received the designation for inspiring more than a dozen similar rides on three continents and for being the first hypercoaster. Magnum XL-200 Magnum XL-200, colloquially known as simply Magnum, is a steel roller coaster built by Arrow Dynamics at Cedar Point in Sandusky, Ohio. When built in 1989, it was the tallest, fastest, and steepest complete-circuit roller coaster in the world as well as the first hypercoaster – a roller coaster that exceeds in height. Some have credited Magnum with

neg: Sandusky, Ohio world when constructed in 1994), and Mantis (tallest and fastest stand-up roller coaster in the world when constructed in 1996). In 2000, Millennium Force was built, at tall, and top speed. In 2003, Cedar Point debuted Top Thrill Dragster. When it was built it was the tallest () and the fastest () roller coaster in the world. Cedar Point brought its roller coaster total to 17 in 2007 with the construction of Maverick. The park has been known for several years for having the most roller coasters and amusement rides in the world. It has long been nicknamed "America's Roller

neg: Cedar Point coaster built by Vekoma, Woodstock Express. Cedar Point built the first giga coaster, Millennium Force, in 2000. When it debuted, it was the tallest and fastest complete-circuit roller coaster in the world, climbing and reaching a maximum speed of . In 2002, Wicked Twister opened as the tallest, fastest, and longest inverted impulse roller coaster of its kind. In the midst of a highly-competitive industry with other parks, Cedar Point again set new records the following year with the debut of Top Thrill Dragster, which opened as the tallest and fastest roller coaster in the world in 2003. It reached

neg: Magnum XL-200 Magnum XL-200 Magnum XL-200, colloquially known as simply Magnum, is a steel roller coaster built by Arrow Dynamics at Cedar Point in Sandusky, Ohio. When built in 1989, it was the tallest, fastest, and steepest complete-circuit roller coaster in the world as well as the first hypercoaster – a roller coaster that exceeds in height. Some have credited Magnum with starting a period in the industry known as the "roller coaster wars", in which amusement parks competed with one another at a rapid pace to build the next tallest and fastest roller coaster. More than 40 million people had ridden

neg: Rougarou (roller coaster) Riders are also secured by an over-the-shoulder harness with an interlocking seatbelt. Mantis set several records among stand-up roller coasters when it opened in 1996. It set the world record for height at , speed at , and length at . It was also the first stand-up roller coaster to feature a dive loop and an inclined loop. Rougarou (roller coaster) Rougarou, formerly known as Mantis, is a floorless roller coaster located at Cedar Point amusement park in Sandusky, Ohio. Designed and built by Bolliger & Mabillard, the roller coaster originally opened in 1996 as a stand-up roller coaster called

neg: Racer (Kennywood) Racer (Kennywood) The Racer is a wooden roller coaster located at Kennywood Park, in West Mifflin, Pennsylvania, near Pittsburgh. It is a racing, Möbius loop coaster, one of only three in the world. The first Kennywood Racer was first built in 1910 as a side friction roller coaster by Frederick Ingersoll. It was a twin-track racing coaster designed by John Miller that cost nearly $50,000. When it was built, it was the largest racing coaster in the world. The original Racer had two trains racing side by side on two separate tracks, but it didn't have wheels under the track,

neg: Corkscrew (Cedar Point) Corkscrew (Cedar Point) Corkscrew is a steel roller coaster built by Arrow Development at Cedar Point in Sandusky, Ohio, United States. When built in 1976, it was the first roller coaster in the world with 3 inversions. The coaster, which features Arrow's first vertical loop, was built during the same time period as The Great American Revolution at Magic Mountain. However, Revolution opened seven days prior and is therefore credited as the first modern-day coaster to feature a vertical loop. The ride's station is located on the midway directly across from Top Thrill Dragster and was the first coaster to

neg: Moonsault Scramble Moonsault Scramble Moonsault Scramble was a shuttle roller coaster that operated from 1983 until 2000 at Fuji-Q Highland amusement park in Fujiyoshida, Yamanashi, Japan. According to the "Guinness Book of Records", Moonsault Scramble was the tallest roller coaster in the world until 1996, when its record height was surpassed by another roller coaster at Fuji-Q Highland called Fujiyama, which reached in height. Moonsault Scramble was the first roller coaster to surpass 61 metres (200 ft) in height, and it remains the third tallest shuttle roller coaster ever built, behind (Six Flags Magic Mountain), and Tower of Terror II (Dreamworld) The

neg: Bandit (Yomiuriland) roller coaster enthusiast magazine "Inside Track" rated Bandit as being the 24th best roller coaster in the world. Bandit (Yomiuriland) Bandit's course is laid out as a terrain roller coaster. This means that it was custom-built to closely follow the contours of the hilly topography of Yomiuriland. Although the coaster's height is officially listed at , the layout of the terrain means that the difference between the highest and lowest points on the ride is actually (also a record when it was built). When Bandit was built in 1988, it held the record of being the fastest roller coaster in

neg: Wooden roller coaster Lightning Rod (roller coaster) which opened at Dollywood in 2016, and features a magnetic launch of 45 mph up a 200' hill, similar to the magnetic lift on Maverick (roller coaster) In 2000, Kings Island opened Son of Beast. Designed by the legendary Werner Stengel and built by the Roller Coaster Corporation of America, the roller coaster broke many world records. With a height of , it was the first wooden roller coaster to top . It was also the first modern wooden roller coaster to feature an inversion, a vertical loop. The ride was well-received, but was plagued by

neg: Corkscrew (Cedar Point) ride was designed by Ron Toomer and built by Arrow Dynamics. The total cost of construction was , and the ride has had over 30 million total riders since opening in May 1976. Corkscrew (Cedar Point) Corkscrew is a steel roller coaster built by Arrow Development at Cedar Point in Sandusky, Ohio, United States. When built in 1976, it was the first roller coaster in the world with 3 inversions. The coaster, which features Arrow's first vertical loop, was built during the same time period as The Great American Revolution at Magic Mountain. However, Revolution opened seven days prior and

neg: Firebird (roller coaster) as a backdrop to the ride. Firebird (roller coaster) Firebird is an upcoming floorless roller coaster located at Six Flags America in Prince George's County, Maryland. The roller coaster had originally debuted in 1990 as a stand-up roller coaster named Iron Wolf at Six Flags Great America. It was later relocated to Six Flags America in 2012 and renamed Apocalypse, under which it operated until 2018. It will reemerge as Firebird when it reopens in 2019. The roller coaster was the first to be built by Swiss manufacturer Bolliger & Mabillard. When known as Iron Wolf, the roller coaster briefly

neg: Stand-up roller coaster Stand-up roller coaster A stand-up roller coaster is a roller coaster designed to have the passengers stand through the course of the ride. These roller coasters are very intense, and generally carry taller height restrictions than other rides. The first stand-up roller coasters in the world were actually built as standard roller coasters. Japanese manufacturer TOGO built "Momonga Standing & Loop Coaster" in 1979 for Yomiuriland in Tokyo, Japan. Three years later, TOGO built "Dangai" at the former Thrill Valley amusement park in Gotemba, Shizuoka, Japan. Both rides added stand-up trains in 1982, with "Dangai" opening one day before "Momonga

neg: Colossus (Thorpe Park) Colossus (Thorpe Park) Colossus is a steel roller coaster at Thorpe Park in Surrey, England, and the park's first major attraction. It was built by Swiss manufacturers Intamin and designed by Werner Stengel as an adaptation of Monte Makaya in Brazil, with consultation from Tussauds attraction developer John Wardley. Colossus was the world's first roller coaster with ten inversions; an exact replica, called the 10 Inversion Roller Coaster, was later built at Chimelong Paradise in Guangzhou, China. It retained its title of having the most inversions on any other roller coaster in the world until "The Smiler" at Alton Towers

neg: Leviathan (roller coaster) the world, and the fourth-tallest traditional lift-style coaster in the world. It was the 16th roller coaster to be built at Canada's Wonderland, and the ride's track was completed in February 2012, with the first test run being completed on 15 March 2012. The coaster opened to season pass holders on 27 April 2012, and to the general public on 6 May 2012. In the early planning stages of Leviathan, had Bolliger & Mabillard declined to make a roller coaster over , the park would have gotten another manufacturer to design the roller coaster. Walter Bolliger admitted that he "owed"

neg: Hot Wheels SideWinder Hot Wheels SideWinder Hot Wheels SideWinder is a steel roller coaster operating at Dreamworld. The roller coaster is one of the tallest in the Southern Hemisphere, after originally being the tallest when it was first built. Designed by Arrow Dynamics,built in Melbourne by Able Leisure Pty. Ltd the ride was originally installed at Luna Park Sydney in 1995 as the Big Dipper before being sold and relocated to Dreamworld on the Gold Coast in 2001. When it was brought to Dreamworld, the ride was the first roller coaster to be opened on the Gold Coast since 1997. The roller coaster

neg: Rye, New York Historic Landmark status, the other one being Kennywood in Pennsylvania. It has been a popular destination since it first opened in 1928. Its wooden roller coaster, the Dragon Coaster, built in 1929, is one of the last roller coaster rides built by engineer Frederick Church that is still operating. The Derby Racer, also built by Church, is one of only three rides of its kind remaining in the world. Glenn Close's and Ellen Latzen's characters ride the roller coaster in the 1980s thriller film, "Fatal Attraction". Airplane Coaster, Church's most acclaimed coaster, was removed in 1957. Playland is also the

neg: Gemini (roller coaster) Gemini (roller coaster) Gemini is a racing roller coaster with a wooden structure and steel track, located at Cedar Point in Sandusky, Ohio. Built in 1978 by Arrow Dynamics and designed by Ron Toomer, it is one of the oldest roller coasters in the park. When the ride opened, it was marketed as the tallest, fastest and steepest roller coaster in the world. All three record-breaking claims were falsely made as other coasters around the world already beat Gemini. The all-steel Loch Ness Monster at Busch Gardens in Williamsburg, Virginia, opened earlier that year before Gemini and was taller but

neg: Shuttle roller coaster that traveled on two tracks between two towers. It was the first roller coaster designed as an amusement ride in America. The next shuttle roller coaster to be built was the Backety-Back Scenic Railway, built in 1909. The first two launched shuttle coaster designs were introduced in 1977 by competitors Arrow Development and Anton Schwarzkopf. Arrow built and opened three that year including Black Widow (now defunct) at Six Flags New England, Screamin' Demon (also defunct) at Kings Island, and Zoomerang at Circus World (now located to Fun Spot Amusement Park & Zoo). Arrow's models used an electric motor to

neg: Xetulul Theme Park Guatemalan Private Industry Workers (IRTRA)—a private company that operates several other parks in Guatemala, as well as nearby hotels and restaurants. Xetutul features three roller coasters; Avalancha, a steel roller coaster with 8 inversions (as of September 2018, one of fifteen roller coasters in the world with 8 or more inversions and Central America's largest roller coaster when it opened); Choconoy, a smaller family roller coaster; and Ratón Feliz, a junior roller coaster built in 2014. Xetutul also features the only double-decker carousel in Central America. Also within the park is the narrow gauge Transcostero train ride built by Severn

neg: Gemini (roller coaster) Originally, Gemini operated 3 trains on each side of the roller coaster for a total of 6 trains. Gemini currently operates with 4 trains (2 on each side). Gemini (roller coaster) Gemini is a racing roller coaster with a wooden structure and steel track, located at Cedar Point in Sandusky, Ohio. Built in 1978 by Arrow Dynamics and designed by Ron Toomer, it is one of the oldest roller coasters in the park. When the ride opened, it was marketed as the tallest, fastest and steepest roller coaster in the world. All three record-breaking claims were falsely made as other

neg: Double Loop (Geauga Lake) Double Loop (Geauga Lake) Double Loop was a steel roller coaster located at Geauga Lake amusement park in Bainbridge Township and Aurora, Ohio. Built by Arrow Dynamics, it opened in 1977 as the first roller coaster in the world to feature two consecutive vertical loops. The roller coaster operated until the park closed permanently in 2007, and it was later sold for scrap at an auction a year later. Riding on the heels of successful innovations like Corkscrew at Knott's Berry Farm, which in 1975 was the first modern looping roller coaster in the world, Utah-based Arrow Dynamics was hired

neg: Raptor (Cedar Point) reopened the next day. Raptor is one of the first inverted roller coasters built in the world and is still considered a top steel roller coaster supported by the Golden Ticket Award rankings. Raptor (Cedar Point) Raptor is a steel inverted roller coaster designed by Bolliger & Mabillard at Cedar Point in Sandusky, Ohio, United States. When built in 1994, it broke many records and held many firsts when it opened. Instead of having a short layout designed to fit into a compact area like , Raptor was designed with a larger, 3,790-foot (1,160 m) layout, making it the tallest,

neg: Tatsu surpassed it. In the roller coaster's opening year, it was named the 40th best roller coaster in the world in "Amusement Today's" Golden Ticket Awards; in Mitch Hawker's Best Steel Roller Coaster Poll, the roller coaster placed at 34th position. Rumors of a new roller coaster being built at Six Flags Magic Mountain first emerged in the summer of 2004. Land clearing began in mid-2005 around the Samurai Summit area of the park with track for the new roller coaster soon later beginning arriving from Ohio. Construction permits filed by Six Flags Magic Mountain and a trademark for the name

neg: Nighthawk (roller coaster) located at Paramount's Great America, there was no theme for the ride. When it was relocated to Carowinds in 2004, it was built as the first Star Trek themed roller coaster in the world. It was renamed Borg Assimilator and the story was that "Borg crash-landed in the middle of Carowinds and their ship – a giant gray and black sphere – has come to rest near the park's new flying roller coaster." There was a gray and black sphere located in the pond underneath the ride that the Borg crashed in. In addition to other theming, a voice was

neg: Griffon (roller coaster) a hospital after being hit with a balloon while riding the roller coaster. The balloon was in the process of being deflated when it broke free and was carried into Griffon's path due to strong winds. Griffon (roller coaster) Griffon is a steel Dive Coaster roller coaster located at the Busch Gardens Williamsburg amusement park in James City County, Virginia, United States. Designed by Bolliger & Mabillard, it is high, and is the second-fastest () Dive Coaster built. The roller coaster features two Immelmann loops, a splashdown, two vertical drops and was the first of its kind to use floorless

neg: Wild Cat (Hersheypark) Wild Cat and construct a new roller coaster in 1946. The Wild Cat was the first roller coaster designed by Herbert Schmeck . Milton S. Hershey had The Wild Cat built at a cost of $50,000, to celebrate the 20th anniversary of the town of Hershey. It was the first roller coaster built in Hersheypark. However, unlike all other roller coasters build at the park since, Wild Cat was owned by the Philadelphia Toboggan Coasters (PTC) and the land the ride was built on was leased to PTC on an agreement that expired in 1945. When the ride opened on

neg: Roller Coaster (Lagoon) Roller Coaster (Lagoon) Roller Coaster, often nicknamed the White Roller Coaster due to the previously white color, at Lagoon Amusement Park in Farmington, Utah, United States, is the oldest roller coaster at the park. It is a wooden roller coaster owned by Lagoon. Built in 1921 and operating ever since, the Roller Coaster is the seventh oldest roller coaster in the world and the fourth oldest in the United States. The Roller Coaster was designed by John A. Miller and opened in 1921. In 1953, a fire damaged the coaster and burnt down the rest of the park, meaning the

neg: Roller Coaster Corporation of America a handful of other coasters in the early 2000s, the most recent being Coaster Express at Parque Warner Madrid in 2002. The company did not continue to build any more roller coasters, and folded in 2005. As of 2018, Roller Coaster Corporation of America has built 10 roller coasters around the world. Two are now defunct (Son of Beast and White Canyon) and one has been completely re-done by Rocky Mountain Construction (Rattler). Roller Coaster Corporation of America Roller Coaster Corporation of America (abbreviated RCCA) was an amusement ride manufacturer based in the United States. The company's first major project

neg: Racer (Kennywood) coaster in 1949. The loading platform's facade was redesigned in 1946 by Hindenach and in 1960 by architect Bernard Liff of Liff, Justh and Chetlin. The original front was restored in 1990. Racer was designated as an "ACE Roller Coaster Landmark" by American Coaster Enthusiasts in June, 2010 Racer (Kennywood) The Racer is a wooden roller coaster located at Kennywood Park, in West Mifflin, Pennsylvania, near Pittsburgh. It is a racing, Möbius loop coaster, one of only three in the world. The first Kennywood Racer was first built in 1910 as a side friction roller coaster by Frederick Ingersoll. It

neg: Fahrenheit (roller coaster) Fahrenheit (roller coaster) Fahrenheit is a steel roller coaster at Hersheypark in Hershey, Pennsylvania. Located in the Pioneer Frontier section of the park, the roller coaster opened on May 24, 2008. It features six inversions and became the steepest roller coaster in the world when it opened with its first drop of 97 degrees. Fahrenheit briefly held the record until Steel Hawg at Indiana Beach, which featured a 111-degree drop, opened several weeks later on July 5. It is now the 7th steepest roller coaster in the world. Fahrenheit was announced in a Hersheypark press release on September 27, 2007.

neg: Boulder Dash (roller coaster) Boulder Dash (roller coaster) Boulder Dash is a wooden roller coaster located at Lake Compounce in Bristol, Connecticut. Construction for the coaster began in June 1999 and was completed in May 2000. The coaster was built by Custom Coasters International using Southern Yellow Pine wood; while the track is made of Douglas Fir. This ride was ranked the #1 Wooden Roller Coaster in the World by the Golden Ticket Awards in 2004 and from 2013 to 2016, until slipping into third place in 2017. The trains were built by Philadelphia Toboggan Coasters. This 4,672 foot wooden roller coaster uses the

neg: Firebird (roller coaster) coasters for height () and speed () before being surpassed several years later. On April 28, 1990, Apocalypse opened as Iron Wolf at Six Flags Great America on the former site of Z-Force (the only Intamin Space Diver ever manufactured). At its debut in 1990, it was the tallest and fastest stand-up roller coaster in the world until 1992 when TOGO built Milky Way which stands at and 1996 when Bolliger & Mabillard built Mantis at Cedar Point which has a top speed of . In 1994, Iron Wolf appeared in the movie "Richie Rich" as Richie's backyard roller coaster.

neg: Jetstream (roller coaster) Jetstream (roller coaster) The Jetstream was a roller coaster located at Riverview Park in Chicago. It was built in 1965 and demolished only three years later in 1968 when the park abruptly went under. The Jetstream, which was built to replace the park's aging Greyhound roller coaster, was not yet paid off when demolished. The ride was shorter than its predecessor, the Greyhound. The ride was not as profitable as some of its more wild cousins, such as The Bobs, and The Comet. Jetstream was designed by coaster designer John C. Allen and built by Philadelphia Toboggan Coasters. The ride

neg: Raptor (Cedar Point) Raptor (Cedar Point) Raptor is a steel inverted roller coaster designed by Bolliger & Mabillard at Cedar Point in Sandusky, Ohio, United States. When built in 1994, it broke many records and held many firsts when it opened. Instead of having a short layout designed to fit into a compact area like , Raptor was designed with a larger, 3,790-foot (1,160 m) layout, making it the tallest, fastest and longest inverted roller coaster in the world when it opened. It features six inversions, including a cobra roll, a first for inverted roller coasters. At its opening, it was the largest

neg: Maverick (roller coaster) Maverick (roller coaster) Maverick is a steel roller coaster built by Intamin at Cedar Point in Sandusky, Ohio, United States. It was the seventeenth roller coaster built at the park since Blue Streak in 1964. It is notable as being the 500th roller coaster designed by German engineer Werner Stengel and the first roller coaster featuring a Twisted Horseshoe Roll. Maverick's US$21-million price tag makes it Cedar Point's fourth most expensive roller coaster, behind Millennium Force, Top Thrill Dragster, and GateKeeper. The course makes it the fourth longest roller coaster at Cedar Point. "Maverick" was scheduled to open on May

neg: American Eagle (roller coaster) American Eagle (roller coaster) American Eagle is a wooden racing roller coaster located at Six Flags Great America. It was the first wooden roller coaster designed by Intamin of Switzerland and was built in 1981 by the contracting firm Figley-Wright. While the records have since been broken, American Eagle had the longest drop and fastest speed among wooden roller coasters when it debuted and is still recognized as a top racing coaster in the United States. Soaring high above the County Fair section of the park, this massive dual-track wooden racing coaster spans almost the entire southern edge of the

neg: The Raven (roller coaster) the roller coaster. However, Fellner's family filed a lawsuit in 2005 against Holiday World and the Philadelphia Toboggan Company, the manufacturer of the roller coaster train. The lawsuit was settled out of court in 2007; terms of the settlement were not disclosed. The Raven (roller coaster) The Raven is a wooden roller coaster at Holiday World & Splashin' Safari's Halloween section in Santa Claus, Indiana, United States. It was designed and built beginning in 1994 by the now-defunct roller coaster manufacturer Custom Coasters International, with the help of designers Dennis McNulty and Larry Bill; it opened on May 6, 1995.

neg: Valravn (roller coaster) Valravn (roller coaster) Valravn is a steel roller coaster at Cedar Point amusement park in Sandusky, Ohio. Built and designed by Bolliger & Mabillard (B&M), it opened on May 7, 2016, as the tallest, fastest, and longest Dive Coaster model in the world, and the first in the Cedar Fair chain. Valravn is also the first of its kind to use vest-style over-the-shoulder restraints and the third Dive Coaster overall to open in the United States. The installation marked the hundredth roller coaster from B&M, which dates back to the company's founding in 1988. Following on the heels of Rougarou,

neg: Banshee (roller coaster) Banshee (roller coaster) Banshee is a steel roller coaster located at Kings Island amusement park in Mason, Ohio. Designed and built by Bolliger & Mabillard (B&M), Banshee opened on April 18, 2014. The roller coaster features of track making it the longest inverted roller coaster. Banshee is also the first inverted coaster built in the United States since the Patriot debuted at Worlds of Fun in 2006. Banshee was built at the former location of the Son of Beast, a wooden roller coaster plagued with issues and demolished in 2012, and the Thunder Alley go-kart attraction that was removed the

neg: Spinning roller coaster "Sierra Sidewinder", at Knott's Berry Farm in 2007. A relatively new spinning coaster is UnderTow at Santa Cruz Ca. Beach Boardwalk. Spinning roller coaster A spinning roller coaster is a roller coaster with cars that rotate on a vertical axis. The first spinning roller coaster was the Sierra Sidewinder, first built in 1908 by Henry Riehl. Instead of trains, the ride had "tubs" with seats built around the perimeter facing inward. These tubs spun freely on their chassis as they travelled down the track, which was trough-like and similar to that of a side friction roller coaster. Virginia Reels did

neg: Griffon (roller coaster) "Amusement Today's" Golden Ticket Awards. The roller coaster peaked at position 19 in 2010 when it tied with SheiKra, another Dive Coaster. In Mitch Hawker's Best Steel Roller Coaster Poll, Griffon was voted as the 13th best steel roller coaster in the world in its first year; its highest position in the poll to date. Griffon has also made several television appearances. It was featured on Discovery Channel's television series "Build It Bigger" and Travel Channel's television series' "Bert the Conqueror" and "Insane Coaster Wars: World Domination". On August 5, 2010, five riders who sustained minor injuries were sent to

neg: G Force (roller coaster) were harmed. The ride was then closed for a safety inspection. G Force (roller coaster) G Force was a roller coaster at Drayton Manor Theme Park, Tamworth, England. It was the only "X-Car" coaster in the UK and was opened by the band "G4" in 2005. The ride was also the third X-Car coaster to be built in the world, the first being the prototype "Sky Wheel" at Skyline Park in Germany and the second being X Coaster at Magic Springs. Another unique aspect of the X-Car coaster is the inverted lift, called the "Humpty Bump Lift". Unlike a conventional

neg: Fujiyama (roller coaster) Fujiyama (roller coaster) Fujiyama is a steel roller coaster at Fuji-Q Highland, Fujiyoshida, Yamanashi, Japan. When Fujiyama opened in 1996 it was the world's tallest roller coaster at , and had the largest drop in the world at . Fujiyama was also the world's fastest roller coaster for a year of its operation, succeeded by Tower of Terror at Dreamworld theme park in Queensland, Australia, in 1997. Despite being the world's fastest roller coaster in operation for a year, Fujiyama set no world records for roller coaster speed. Steel Phantom at Kennywood set the world record for speed before engineers

neg: G Force (roller coaster) G Force (roller coaster) G Force was a roller coaster at Drayton Manor Theme Park, Tamworth, England. It was the only "X-Car" coaster in the UK and was opened by the band "G4" in 2005. The ride was also the third X-Car coaster to be built in the world, the first being the prototype "Sky Wheel" at Skyline Park in Germany and the second being X Coaster at Magic Springs. Another unique aspect of the X-Car coaster is the inverted lift, called the "Humpty Bump Lift". Unlike a conventional inclined lift, the lift on is similar to a standard vertical

neg: Six Flags Magic Mountain up space for Full Throttle, which opened in 2013. In August 2012, Six Flags Magic Mountain confirmed rumors that a new roller coaster, Full Throttle, would open the following season. Full Throttle opened as the park's 18th roller coaster, allowing Six Flags Magic Mountain to market having the most roller coasters in the world once again. The ride was built to feature the world's tallest vertical loop on a roller coaster at . In addition, Full Throttle set a record for being the first roller coaster to feature a track section with rails on both sides of the spine. This

neg: Volcano: The Blast Coaster flying debris. Volcano: The Blast Coaster once held the record of the highest inversion in the world at . In May 2013, GateKeeper at Cedar Point took the record with an inversion that stands at . Volcano: The Blast Coaster Volcano: The Blast Coaster (often shortened to Volcano) is a launched inverted roller coaster at Kings Dominion in Doswell, Virginia. Designed by Werner Stengel and built by Intamin, Volcano was the world's first inverted roller coaster to feature an linear induction motor (LIM) and is the only one of its kind that completes a full circuit. The roller coaster opened

neg: Diamondback (roller coaster) Diamondback (roller coaster) Diamondback is a steel roller coaster designed by Bolliger & Mabillard (B&M) at Kings Island in Mason, Ohio, United States. The ride is located in Rivertown just behind International Street and the Eiffel Tower. When built in 2009, it was the first hypercoaster to feature a splashdown and the first B&M roller coaster at Kings Island. Diamondback was previously the biggest investment in Kings Island’s history at $22 million (ahead of The Crypt and Son of Beast, each of which cost $20 million) until surpassed in 2014 by Banshee, an investment of $24 million. The coaster has

neg: Indoor roller coaster Indoor roller coaster An indoor roller coaster or enclosed roller coaster is a roller coaster built inside a structure. The structure may be unrelated to the ride, or it may be intended solely or primarily for the ride. Many indoor coasters are custom made and placed in amusement parks or shopping malls. LaMarcus Adna Thompson, who pioneered the construction of the first simple roller coasters, initially built "scenic railway" rides including "indoor tableaux, panoramas, and biblical scenes illumined by car-tripped switches and flood lamps". A "completely enclosed roller coaster" called the Twister was built as early as 1925. Walt Disney's

neg: Hydrus (roller coaster) Hydrus (roller coaster) Hydrus is a steel roller coaster at Casino Pier in Seaside Heights, New Jersey. It was the 6th Gerstlauer Euro-Fighter model roller coaster in the United States when it opened in May 2017 and the first Euro-Fighter 320 model in the world. It replaced Star Jet, which was destroyed by Hurricane Sandy in 2012. After the Star Jet roller coaster was destroyed (along with a large portion of the Casino Pier) during Hurricane Sandy in 2012, it took almost three years until permission was granted to rebuild; this permission to rebuild included a new roller coaster. After

neg: Philadelphia Toboggan Coasters Philadelphia Toboggan Coasters Philadelphia Toboggan Coasters, commonly referred to as PTC, is one of the oldest existing roller coaster manufacturing companies in the world. Based in Hatfield, Pennsylvania, it was established in 1904 by Henry Auchey and Chester Albright under the name Philadelphia Toboggan Company. The company manufactured carousels, wooden roller coasters, toboggans (roller coaster cars) and later, roller coaster trains. The Philadelphia Toboggan Company was incorporated January 20, 1904. It built and designed roller coasters until 1979. Notable designers included Joe McKee, John A. Miller, Herbert Schmeck, Frank Hoover, and John C. Allen. When Allen retired as president in

neg: Maurer AG SkyLoop category Maurer has a variety of models including XT 150 ( in length), XT 450 ( in length), launched and custom designs. Most recently, in 2010, Maurer introduced the R-Coaster. The R-Coaster is a type of racing roller coaster which features several sets of Linear Synchronous Motors on two parallel tracks. The first, and currently only, R-Coaster is Fiorano GT Challenge at Ferrari World in Abu Dhabi. In 2018, it was announced that Maurer would be building the first roller coaster at sea, on the Carnival Mardi Gras. As of 2018, Maurer AG has built 62 roller coasters around

neg: Rage (roller coaster) to coaster riders or the birds. The crows were also observed to be seemingly undisturbed by the coaster's operation. Rage (roller coaster) Rage is a steel roller coaster situated at Adventure Island in Southend-on-Sea, Essex, England. Rage is a Gerstlauer Euro-Fighter model roller coaster (the 6th overall to be built). At 97 degrees, it is steeper-than-vertical and tied for the third steepest roller coaster in the United Kingdom. Designed by Werner Stengel, the coaster opened on 10 February 2007. When it was built, the coaster became the tallest structure in the park and one of the tallest structures in the

neg: Rage (roller coaster) Rage (roller coaster) Rage is a steel roller coaster situated at Adventure Island in Southend-on-Sea, Essex, England. Rage is a Gerstlauer Euro-Fighter model roller coaster (the 6th overall to be built). At 97 degrees, it is steeper-than-vertical and tied for the third steepest roller coaster in the United Kingdom. Designed by Werner Stengel, the coaster opened on 10 February 2007. When it was built, the coaster became the tallest structure in the park and one of the tallest structures in the nearby area. Riders on the coaster are offered expansive views of the nearby North Sea from the Southend-on-Sea beach.

neg: Bolliger & Mabillard the track. Clermont Steel Fabricators accepted and currently manufactures all Bolliger and Mabillard roller coaster track pieces for all of North America. Now with a company to manufacture the track, B&M built its first roller coaster, a stand-up roller coaster, "Iron Wolf", which opened in 1990 at Six Flags Great America. Two years later, Bolliger & Mabillard built another project for Six Flags Great America, "", the world's first inverted roller coaster, which brought them to prominence in the industry. Bolliger & Mabillard also invented the Floorless Coaster, and the Dive Coaster. The company also built its first launched roller

neg: Boomerang (roller coaster) Boomerang (roller coaster) Boomerang is a model of roller coaster manufactured and designed by Vekoma, a Dutch manufacturer. The roller coaster model name is from the hunting implement based on the traditions of the Indigenous Australians. there are 55 Boomerangs operating. The roller coaster model was created in the early 1980s and was first introduced at four different parks around the world in 1984. The Boomerang consists of a single train with seven cars, capable of carrying 28 passengers. The ride begins when the train is pulled backwards from the station and up the first lift hill by a catchcar.

neg: Spinning roller coaster Spinning roller coaster A spinning roller coaster is a roller coaster with cars that rotate on a vertical axis. The first spinning roller coaster was the Sierra Sidewinder, first built in 1908 by Henry Riehl. Instead of trains, the ride had "tubs" with seats built around the perimeter facing inward. These tubs spun freely on their chassis as they travelled down the track, which was trough-like and similar to that of a side friction roller coaster. Virginia Reels did not have big hills or drops, but rather many sharp turns. Toward the end were two helices, and finally a drop

neg: Santa Cruz Looff Carousel and Roller Coaster in the world. Sometimes, riders keep the rings to remember their visit. The Giant Dipper is a classic wooden roller coaster, located astride the LeBrandt Avenue entrance to the park. It has a wooden track which is approximately in length, and the height of the lift is approximately . The track is colored red with white supports. When built in 1924, of lumber was used. The track is inspected every two hours. Santa Cruz Looff Carousel and Roller Coaster Santa Cruz Looff Carousel and Roller Coaster On The Beach Boardwalk is a National Historic Landmark composed of two parts, a

neg: Fury 325 roller coaster on the continent. The roller coaster is currently the tallest in the world to use a chain lift hill. Fury 325 is also Bolliger & Mabillard's tallest roller coaster built to date. In the company's 26-year history, they'd never built a roller coaster exceeding the mark until 2012 with the construction of Leviathan at Canada's Wonderland which stands at a height of . Fury 325 is the second roller coaster designed by B&M that is taller than , exceeding Leviathan by . Initial reception following the announcement of the ride was generally positive. Chip Sieczko, a representative from

neg: Giant Skyrocket (roller coaster) Giant Skyrocket (roller coaster) The Giant Skyrocket was a wooden roller coaster designed and built by Audley Ingersoll in 1924 for the now defunct Luna Park in Houston Texas. The roller coaster is significant for a variety of reasons. It is one of the largest roller coasters ever built and was Houston's first major roller coaster. It was later relocated to Houston's Playland Park with involvement by John A. Miller and H. S. Smith before ultimately being closed in the early 1960s. The roller coaster was designed and fabricated at Lake Contrary Amusement Park in 1924 in St. Joseph, MO

neg: Diamondback (roller coaster) . The supports on the first lift hill and part of the second hill are yellow while the rest of the supports are tan. All of the track pieces are red. The track was fabricated at the Ohio-based Clermont Steel Fabricators. Diamondback (roller coaster) Diamondback is a steel roller coaster designed by Bolliger & Mabillard (B&M) at Kings Island in Mason, Ohio, United States. The ride is located in Rivertown just behind International Street and the Eiffel Tower. When built in 2009, it was the first hypercoaster to feature a splashdown and the first B&M roller coaster at Kings Island.

neg: Thirteen (roller coaster) Thirteen (roller coaster) Thirteen (officially stylised as TH13TEEN) is a steel roller coaster at Alton Towers in England. The ride was constructed by Intamin and opened on 20 March 2010. It is the world's first vertical freefall drop roller coaster, on which the track and train freefall approximately five metres in darkness. The ride replaced and is built on the former site of the Corkscrew, which resided at Alton Towers for 28 years between 1980 and 2008. Alton Towers first revealed their plans for the ride in October 2008 when it was announced that Corkscrew would be removed. Planning permission

neg: Fujiyama (roller coaster) maintained that this risk remains low and is not unique to this particular coaster. Fujiyama (roller coaster) Fujiyama is a steel roller coaster at Fuji-Q Highland, Fujiyoshida, Yamanashi, Japan. When Fujiyama opened in 1996 it was the world's tallest roller coaster at , and had the largest drop in the world at . Fujiyama was also the world's fastest roller coaster for a year of its operation, succeeded by Tower of Terror at Dreamworld theme park in Queensland, Australia, in 1997. Despite being the world's fastest roller coaster in operation for a year, Fujiyama set no world records for roller

neg: Thunderhawk (Dorney Park) Thunderhawk (Dorney Park) Thunderhawk (formerly known as The Coaster) is a wooden out and back roller coaster located at Dorney Park & Wildwater Kingdom near Allentown, Pennsylvania. The coaster was built in 1923 and is one of the oldest operating roller coasters in the northeast. Thunderhawk was designed by Herbert Paul Schmeck and built by the Philadelphia Toboggan Coasters. When Thunderhawk opened in 1924 and for many years after the ride was known simply as the Coaster. The Coaster was renamed Thunderhawk with the addition of the Hercules roller coaster to the park in 1989. Originally, the Coaster was built

neg: Volcano: The Blast Coaster Volcano: The Blast Coaster Volcano: The Blast Coaster (often shortened to Volcano) is a launched inverted roller coaster at Kings Dominion in Doswell, Virginia. Designed by Werner Stengel and built by Intamin, Volcano was the world's first inverted roller coaster to feature an linear induction motor (LIM) and is the only one of its kind that completes a full circuit. The roller coaster opened to the public on August 3, 1998. A portion of the ride is enclosed inside a man-made Volcano. Volcano was designed around a dormant attraction originally known as The Lost World, and later as Smurf Mountain.

neg: Renegade (roller coaster) Renegade (roller coaster) Renegade is a wood roller coaster at Valleyfair in Shakopee, Minnesota that was designed by Great Coasters International. It was one of the first coasters built by Great Coasters International to use their Millennium Flyer trains, which are designed to give a smoother ride. Renegade's layout is a combination of an Out and Back roller coaster and a Twister roller coaster. Renegade stands tall with a first hill and ride maximum drop of at a maximum speed of . The track is long, resulting in a ride time of approximately two minutes. The track was built at

neg: Indoor roller coaster Space Mountain was one of the first rides considered to be an indoor roller coaster, and was "the first indoor roller coaster where riders were in total darkness for the length of the ride so they couldn't tell where the drops or turns would occur". Indoor roller coaster An indoor roller coaster or enclosed roller coaster is a roller coaster built inside a structure. The structure may be unrelated to the ride, or it may be intended solely or primarily for the ride. Many indoor coasters are custom made and placed in amusement parks or shopping malls. LaMarcus Adna Thompson,

neg: Sea Viper (roller coaster) Sea Viper (roller coaster) The Sea Viper was a steel roller coaster at Sea World on the Gold Coast, Queensland, Australia. On 17 September 1982, Sea World opened the Corkscrew roller coaster. The ride was the first to feature three inversions in Australia and the second roller coaster for the theme park (the Thrillseeker opened within the prior year). The Corkscrew was attributed to a 20% increase in attendance in the year after opening. In 2005, Sea World approached Kumbak to develop a new train for the then Corkscrew roller coaster. Throughout 2009, the Corkscrew roller coaster was repainted from

neg: Roller coaster into decline. This lasted until 1972, when the instant success of "The Racer" at Kings Island began a roller coaster renaissance which has continued to this day. In 1959, Disneyland introduced a design breakthrough with "Matterhorn Bobsleds", the first roller coaster to use a tubular steel track. Unlike wooden coaster rails, tubular steel can be bent in any direction, allowing designers to incorporate loops, corkscrews, and many other maneuvers into their designs. Most modern roller coasters are made of steel, although wooden coasters and hybrids are still being built. There are several explanations of the name "roller coaster". It is

neg: SheiKra followed by a half-twist and curve out in the direction opposite from which the train came. The loop was the first inversion used on a Dive Coaster. Since SheiKra, all Dive Coasters and other Bolliger & Mabillard roller coaster models have at least one Immelmann loop. SheiKra was also the first Dive Coaster to feature a 90-degree drop. In 2005, only two other Dive Coasters in the world had either an 87- or 87.5-degree drop. When SheiKra first opened, it was the tallest, fastest, and longest Dive Coaster ever built, and was the first Dive Coaster in North America. However,

neg: Six Flags Great America roller coaster closed and took on a new look in 1980. Two loops were added, along with three tunnels, and the "new" ride was re-themed and renamed The Demon. The American Eagle, a pair of racing wooden roller coasters, opened in 1981. The two twin coasters share a drop of and they reach speeds of 66 mph (105 km/h). The bottom of the first drop is built below ground level. When the American Eagle first opened, it had the longest drop and fastest speeds of any wooden roller coaster in the world. It remains the tallest, fastest, and longest twin

neg: Jetstream (roller coaster) was rumored to have been reassembled at a park in Rockford, Illinois after the sudden closure of Riverview, but for whatever reason, the deal fell through. The trains, for a short time, were used on Thunder Road at Carowinds, but have since been destroyed. Jetstream (roller coaster) The Jetstream was a roller coaster located at Riverview Park in Chicago. It was built in 1965 and demolished only three years later in 1968 when the park abruptly went under. The Jetstream, which was built to replace the park's aging Greyhound roller coaster, was not yet paid off when demolished. The ride

neg: Time Traveler (roller coaster) wheels to release electric charges a train may produce and hinder electronics on the train. When the ride opened in 2018, it became the fastest and tallest full circuit spinning roller coaster. Although not a full circuit spinning roller coaster, Big Air located at E-DA Theme Park would be the fastest and tallest spinning roller coaster. In addition, the ride became the first spinning roller coaster in the world to have three inversions, taking the place of Gekion Live Coaster located at Tokyo Joypolis that has one inversion. Time Traveler was received well among its critics and guests. Arthur Levine

neg: Helix (roller coaster) Helix (roller coaster) Helix is a steel roller coaster located at Liseberg in Gothenburg, Sweden. The ride, built by Mack Rides, features two linear synchronous motor launches and has a top speed of 100 km/h (62 mph). It features a dual-launch helix. The ride opened on 26 April 2014, Liseberg's opening date for the 2014 season. Helix is the first roller coaster in the world that has a 1-on-1 replica virtual reality experience. This experience is created by ArchiVision, a Dutch 3D studio. During the first two weeks after the premiere visitors could experience the virtual reality replica next to

neg: Cannonball Express (roller coaster) confirmed that the coaster will receive a £150,000 revamp under new owners HIG Capital in time for the 2013 season. The revamp will continue until 2015, when it is expected the ride will be fully operational, Including new theming and returning to the use of multiple trains. Cannonball Express (roller coaster) Cannonball Express (Former name Enigma) is a roller coaster located at Pleasurewood Hills, Corton, Near Lowestoft, Suffolk. It is the only Schwarzkopf Jumbo V in the world, as it was the only one manufactured. It was built in 1983 for a German travelling fair, it operated at Meli Park

neg: Hydrus (roller coaster) of the previous Casino Pier coasters. Hydrus (roller coaster) Hydrus is a steel roller coaster at Casino Pier in Seaside Heights, New Jersey. It was the 6th Gerstlauer Euro-Fighter model roller coaster in the United States when it opened in May 2017 and the first Euro-Fighter 320 model in the world. It replaced Star Jet, which was destroyed by Hurricane Sandy in 2012. After the Star Jet roller coaster was destroyed (along with a large portion of the Casino Pier) during Hurricane Sandy in 2012, it took almost three years until permission was granted to rebuild; this permission to rebuild

neg: Vapor Trail (roller coaster) Vapor Trail (roller coaster) Vapor Trail is a roller coaster built by Vekoma at Sesame Place in Langhorne, Pennsylvania. It is a custom family roller coaster that is designed for all ages. When the coaster opened in 1998, it was classified as being the biggest ride in the park. As the guests enter the queue, they see various large comic pictures of Super Grover. After guests are seated and the ride attendants have pushed down their lap bars, Super Grover exclaims, "Hello superheroes! We are cleared for takeoff!" Then, the vehicle takes off. First, the vehicle goes up a hill,

neg: Wildcat (Hersheypark) Wildcat (Hersheypark) Wildcat is a wooden roller coaster located at Hersheypark in Hershey, Pennsylvania. The coaster opened on May 26, 1996, as the anchor attraction of the Midway America section of the park. Wildcat was the first coaster built by Great Coasters International, and initially ran with trains built by the Philadelphia Toboggan Company until 2007 when they were replaced with GCI's Millennium Flyer trains. The ride was named after The Wild Cat, Hersheypark's first roller coaster, which operated from 1923-1945. Like many other GCI coasters, Wildcat contains a curved first drop to reduce chances of nausea. There is an

neg: Talon (roller coaster) Talon (roller coaster) Talon is a steel inverted roller coaster at Dorney Park & Wildwater Kingdom in Allentown, Pennsylvania, United States. It features 4 inversions and close to the ground encounters. Designed by Bolliger & Mabillard, Talon was known to be one of the longest inverted roller coasters in the Northeast when it opened in 2001. On April 28, 2000, Dorney Park announced that a four inversion inverted roller coaster would be built for the 2001 season. No further details were given until August 30, 2000 when Dorney Park announced the full details of the new $13 million roller coaster

neg: Double Loop (Geauga Lake) Lake's permanent closure in 2007, Double Loop was sold at auction – along with other former park rides – on June 17, 2008. A local scrap company purchased it for $23,000, and the coaster was later demolished. Double Loop (Geauga Lake) Double Loop was a steel roller coaster located at Geauga Lake amusement park in Bainbridge Township and Aurora, Ohio. Built by Arrow Dynamics, it opened in 1977 as the first roller coaster in the world to feature two consecutive vertical loops. The roller coaster operated until the park closed permanently in 2007, and it was later sold for scrap

neg: Superman: Escape from Krypton world. However, since it was delayed, a similar roller coaster known as Tower of Terror, which also has a , had opened about a month earlier at Dreamworld in Australia. Superman therefore lost its claim as being the first roller coaster to reach , although it was then tied with Tower of Terror as the fastest roller coaster in the world. However, the ride became the first roller coaster in the world to go over 400 ft, therefore becoming the tallest roller coaster in the world at the time. In June 2004, Superman: The Escape's seat belts were modified because

neg: Hurler (roller coaster) World theme has been removed from the coaster at Kings Dominion, many signs of the theme were still present until the ride's closure, including many stickers and stamps of the Wayne's World logo around the Hurler station, such as the columns by the exit. Hurler (roller coaster) Hurler is a wooden roller coaster located at Carowinds in Charlotte, North Carolina. Built by International Coasters Inc., the ride opened to the public in 1994. An identical copy of the ride opened at Kings Dominion the same year, which was later converted into a steel roller coaster called Twisted Timbers in 2018.

neg: Cedar Point coaster was built in 1976; it was the first roller coaster to span a midway and have three inversions. Gemini opened in 1978 and was advertised as the tallest, fastest and steepest roller coaster in the world. A kiddie coaster, named Jr. Gemini (now known as Wilderness Run), opened the following year across from the Gemini. White Water Landing opened in 1982, replacing the original Shoot the Rapids log flume. In 1983, Demon Drop was built at the front of the park. Avalanche Run opened in 1985 close to the beach, and would later be re-themed as Disaster Transport. That

neg: Roller coaster world featuring a height of . exceeded back when it opened in 1997, but its shuttle coaster design where the trains fail to travel a complete circuit usually prevents the roller coaster from being classified in the same category. Roller coaster A roller coaster is a type of amusement ride that employs a form of elevated railroad track designed with tight turns, steep slopes, and sometimes inversions. People ride along the track in open cars, and the rides are often found in amusement parks and theme parks around the world. LaMarcus Adna Thompson obtained one of the first known patents

neg: GateKeeper (roller coaster) Blue Streak. As it passes through the main entrance plaza, it passes through two -tall towers that form Cedar Point's entrance gates. GateKeeper is a Wing Coaster model manufactured by Swiss roller coaster firm Bolliger & Mabillard. It is Cedar Point's third B&M roller coaster; the park also has Raptor, an inverted roller coaster, and Rougarou, a floorless roller coaster. GateKeeper was the fifth Wing Coaster in the world and the third one built in the United States following X-Flight at Six Flags Great America and Wild Eagle at Dollywood. GateKeeper operates with three open-air steel and fiberglass trains, each

neg: Medusa (Six Flags Discovery Kingdom) Medusa (Six Flags Discovery Kingdom) Medusa is a steel roller coaster located at Six Flags Discovery Kingdom in Vallejo, California. Medusa opened in 2000 as the first floorless roller coaster on the west coast. Built by Bolliger & Mabillard, the coaster features a -tall lift hill with a drop, and the first Sea serpent roll element ever built on a B&M coaster. The ride is the longest coaster in Northern California at long and is notable as having one of the largest vertical loops in the world at 128 ft. It also shares the height record in Northern California with

neg: Thrillseeker (roller coaster) Thrillseeker (roller coaster) The Thrillseeker was a steel roller coaster located at Sea World on the Gold Coast, Queensland, Australia. Designed by S.D.C., the Galaxi model opened to the public in 1982. The ride is now a traveling roller coaster owned by Shorts Amusements of Victoria known as Taipan. In 1982, Sea World opened the park's first roller coaster, the "Wild Wave Rollercoaster", along with the "Pirate Ship" and "Carousel". The "Wild Wave Rollercoaster" was later renamed to the "Thrillseeker". In May 2002, the Thrillseeker was closed and removed from Sea World. It now operates as a traveling roller coaster

neg: Hoosier Hurricane Hoosier Hurricane Hoosier Hurricane is a wooden roller coaster at Indiana Beach in Monticello, Indiana. The ride was designed by Dennis McNulty and Larry Bill of Custom Coasters International. It opened on May 27, 1994, as the park's largest wooden roller coaster and the first wooden roller coaster built in Indiana in fifty years. The ride was Custom Coasters International's third roller coaster designed and the first modern wooden coaster built with a steel support structure, which would eventually become a trend on many wooden coasters designed by them. Hoosier Hurricane, like other coasters in the park, was 'shoehorned' into

neg: Gold Striker being approximately . Gold Striker Gold Striker is a wooden roller coaster located at California's Great America amusement park. Built by Great Coasters International and designed by Jeff Pike, Gold Striker was the park's eighth roller coaster which opened to the public on May 31, 2013. Its tunnel is the longest in the world to be featured on the first drop, and it was marketed as the "tallest and fastest wooden coaster in Northern California". The roller coaster takes on the theme of the Old West and references the California Gold Rush of the 19th century. Originally, California's Great America

neg: Gold Striker Gold Striker Gold Striker is a wooden roller coaster located at California's Great America amusement park. Built by Great Coasters International and designed by Jeff Pike, Gold Striker was the park's eighth roller coaster which opened to the public on May 31, 2013. Its tunnel is the longest in the world to be featured on the first drop, and it was marketed as the "tallest and fastest wooden coaster in Northern California". The roller coaster takes on the theme of the Old West and references the California Gold Rush of the 19th century. Originally, California's Great America planned to build

neg: Terrain roller coaster Terrain roller coaster Terrain roller coasters are roller coasters which, as their name suggests, take advantage of the (usually) natural undulations of the land upon which they are built. Such rides may often weave through forests, and some may even dive down cliffs. Because they tend to stay close to the ground, they require fewer supports and thus are usually cheaper than the same coaster on flat ground. Famous examples: The Ultimate at Lightwater Valley is the most famous terrain coaster with it being the second longest in the world. Only the first lift hill (105 feet) is visible from

neg: Batman: The Ride Batman: The Ride Batman: The Ride is a steel inverted roller coaster based thematically on the 1989 film Batman and found at seven Six Flags theme parks in the United States. Built by consulting engineers Bolliger & Mabillard, it rises to a height of between and reaches top speeds of . The original roller coaster at Six Flags Great America was partially devised by the park's general manager Jim Wintrode. Batman: The Ride was the world's first inverted roller coaster when it opened in 1992, and has since been awarded Coaster Landmark status by the American Coaster Enthusiasts. Clones of

neg: Montu (roller coaster) Montu (roller coaster) Montu is an inverted roller coaster at Busch Gardens Tampa in Tampa, Florida. Built by Bolliger & Mabillard, it is the park's second roller coaster designed by the Swiss company following the success of Kumba which opened 3 years prior. When the ride opened on May 16, 1996, it was the world's tallest and fastest inverted roller coaster, a title it has since conceded to Alpengeist at sister park Busch Gardens Williamsburg. The ride stands tall and reaches speeds of . The concept of an inverted roller coaster with inversions was developed by Jim Wintrode, the general