query: how many films are there of the hobbit

pos: The Hobbit (film series) The Hobbit (film series) The Hobbit is a film series consisting of three high fantasy adventure films directed by Peter Jackson. They are based on the 1937 novel "The Hobbit" by J. R. R. Tolkien, with large portions of the trilogy inspired by the appendices to "The Return of the King", which expand on the story told in "The Hobbit", as well as new material and characters written especially for the films. Together they act as a prequel to Jackson's "The Lord of the Rings" film trilogy. The films are subtitled "" (2012), "" (2013), and "" (2014). The screenplay

pos: The Hobbit (film series) In January 2015 a fan going by the name of "TolkienEditor" recut the three Hobbit films into a single, four-and-a-half-hour film that removed much content that many fans had complained about. Much of this material was seen as superfluous, admittedly added by Jackson at the request of the studio, in order to make the films more appealing to a wider audience. This was quickly followed by several other fan made editions with different approaches and lengths. The Hobbit (film series) The Hobbit is a film series consisting of three high fantasy adventure films directed by Peter Jackson. They are based

pos: The Hobbit (film series) The Hobbit (film series) The Hobbit is a film series consisting of three high fantasy adventure films directed by Peter Jackson. They are based on the 1937 novel "The Hobbit" by J. R. R. Tolkien, with large portions of the trilogy inspired by the appendices to "The Return of the King", which expand on the story told in "The Hobbit", as well as new material and characters written especially for the films. Together they act as a prequel to Jackson's "The Lord of the Rings" film trilogy. The films are subtitled "" (2012), "" (2013), and "" (2014). The screenplay

pos: Hobbit have lost the genealogical details of how they are related to the Big People. At this time, there were three "breeds" of hobbits, with different physical characteristics and temperaments: "Harfoots", "Stoors" and "Fallohides". While situated in the valley of the Anduin River, the hobbits lived close by the Éothéod, the ancestors of the Rohirrim, and this led to some contact between the two. As a result, many old words and names in "Hobbitish" are derivatives of words in Rohirric. The Harfoots, the most numerous, were almost identical to the Hobbits as they are described in "The Hobbit". They lived on

pos: Music of The Hobbit film series The Lord of the Rings. Existing themes The first film is the most reliant on existing themes, and that reliance was expanded upon in the final film, including multiple cases of tracked music. Nevertheless, most themes are introduced in more devolved expression and evolve to their starting point from The Lord of the Rings. There are, nevertheless some puzzling thematic connections: There are various unconfirmed themes and non-thematic recurring figures that are nevertheless important to the storytelling in the score: As with "The Lord of the Rings", many soloists performed music for the three films. To support the more Dwarf-centric

pos: Music of The Hobbit film series Music of The Hobbit film series The music of "The Hobbit" film series is composed and produced by Howard Shore, who scored all three "The Lord of the Rings" films, to which The Hobbit trilogy is a prequel. The score continues the style of The Lord of the Rings score, and utlizies a vast ensemble, multiple musical forms and styles, a large number of leitmotives and various unusual instruments, adding to Shore's overarching music of the Middle-earth films. Shore composed over nine hours of music, featuring 65 new musical themes and reprising 50 themes from the Lord of the Rings.

pos: Music of The Hobbit film series song "The Last Goodbye". The two-disc special edition contains two bonus tracks and five extended tracks. Music of The Hobbit film series The music of "The Hobbit" film series is composed and produced by Howard Shore, who scored all three "The Lord of the Rings" films, to which The Hobbit trilogy is a prequel. The score continues the style of The Lord of the Rings score, and utlizies a vast ensemble, multiple musical forms and styles, a large number of leitmotives and various unusual instruments, adding to Shore's overarching music of the Middle-earth films. Shore composed over nine hours of

pos: The Hobbit: The Desolation of Smaug The Hobbit: The Desolation of Smaug The Hobbit: The Desolation of Smaug is a 2013 epic high fantasy adventure film directed by Peter Jackson and produced by WingNut Films in collaboration with New Line Cinema and Metro-Goldwyn-Mayer. It was distributed by Warner Bros. Pictures and is the second installment in the three-part film series based on the novel "The Hobbit" by J. R. R. Tolkien. The film was preceded by "" (2012) and followed by "" (2014); together they operate as a prequel to Jackson's "The Lord of the Rings" film trilogy. The film follows the titular character Bilbo Baggins

pos: The Hobbit: The Battle of the Five Armies The Hobbit: The Battle of the Five Armies The Hobbit: The Battle of the Five Armies is a 2014 epic high fantasy action adventure film directed by Peter Jackson and written by Jackson, Fran Walsh, Philippa Boyens, and Guillermo del Toro. It is the third and final installment in Peter Jackson's three-part film adaptation based on the novel "The Hobbit" by J. R. R. Tolkien, following "" (2012) and "" (2013), and together they act as a prequel to Jackson's "The Lord of the Rings" film trilogy. It was produced by New Line Cinema, Metro-Goldwyn-Mayer and WingNut Films, and distributed

pos: J. R. R. Tolkien Line Cinema released "The Hobbit", a series of three films based on "The Hobbit", with Peter Jackson serving as executive producer, director, and co-writer. The first instalment, "", was released in December 2012; the second, "", in December 2013; and the last instalment, "", in December 2014. On 13 November 2017, it was announced that Amazon had acquired the global television rights to "The Lord of the Rings". The series will not be a direct adaptation of the books, but will instead introduce new stories that are set before "The Fellowship of the Ring." The press release referred to "previously

pos: Wizard (Middle-earth) trilogies, three of the Istari are featured as characters: Saruman (portrayed by Christopher Lee), Gandalf (played by Ian McKellen), and Radagast (portrayed by Sylvester McCoy). Gandalf mentions the two Blue Wizards in "", but comments that he cannot recall their names; this is a reference to the fact that they went unnamed in both "The Hobbit" and "The Lord of the Rings". In "The Hobbit" films, it is Radagast who first discovers the presence of the Necromancer at Dol Guldur, and alerts Gandalf who in turn informs the White Council, including Saruman. Gandalf is quick to deduce the Necromancer's true

pos: Doug Adams (music journalist) of "") and ", Production Video 14". In 2014, he appeared in "The Music of the Hobbit", an hour-long documentary that was included on the extended edition of "The Hobbit: The Desolation of Smaug." In the video, Adams discussed Howard Shore's music and demonstrated themes at the keyboard. He also authored the liner notes that accompanied the three albums of the Hobbit film scores. It was announced on The Modern Musician podcast that Adams has written book titled "Impossible Silence", which covers silent films and the history of film music. Adams is listed as a participant in the "Star Wars"

pos: The Hobbit (film series) the primary source of the allegations could be traced to freelance animal wranglers who had been dismissed by the production over a year earlier "for cause". The music of "The Hobbit" film series was composed, produced and (in the case of the first film) orchestrated and conducted by Howard Shore, who scored all three "The Lord of the Rings" films. Recording sessions for the first film began on 20 August 2012, at Abbey Road Studios. The second and third films were recorded in New Zealand. Unlike with the Lord of the Rings, which only received an expanded release after 2005,

pos: London Philharmonic Orchestra in 1936 with "Whom the Gods Love". The orchestra played for ten films made during the Second World War, and then did little soundtrack work until the 1970s, with the major exception of "Lawrence of Arabia" (1962). Later scores have included those for "Antony and Cleopatra" (1972), "Jesus Christ Superstar" (1973), "The Fly" (1986), "Dead Ringers" (1988), "In the Name of the Father" (1993), the "Lord of the Rings" trilogy (2001–03) and most of the music for the three films derived from "The Hobbit" (2012–14). The orchestra has made many non-classical recordings, including such titles as "Hawaiian Paradise" (1959), "Evita"

pos: The Lord of the Rings (film series) games were released to supplement the film series. They include: "," Pinball, "", "", , "", "", "", "", "The Lord of the Rings Online", "", "", "", "Lego The Lord of the Rings", "Guardians of Middle-earth", "Lego The Hobbit (video game)", "", and "". The Lord of the Rings (film series) The Lord of the Rings is a film series consisting of three epic fantasy adventure films directed by Peter Jackson. They are based on the novel "The Lord of the Rings" by J. R. R. Tolkien. The films are subtitled "" (2001), "" (2002) and "" (2003). They

pos: Lord of the Rings (board game) may be spent to call for the assistance of Gandalf, or the One Ring may be used to speed advancement at the cost of moving closer toward Sauron. On the master board there are three locations: Bag End, Rivendell, and Lothlórien. The game starts at Bag End and each player draws a card identifying the player's Hobbit character, each of which has a special ability. Each player is dealt cards that allow him to complete four different activities: traveling, hiding, friendship or fighting. One hobbit is initially assigned to be the "ring bearer", but a new hobbit may become the

pos: The Lord of the Rings (film series) pairs of Hobbit feet for the lead actors, as well as many ears, noses, and heads for the cast, and around 19,000 costumes were woven and aged. Every prop was specially designed by the Art Department, taking the different scales into account. Principal photography for all three films was conducted concurrently in many locations within New Zealand's conservation areas and national parks. Filming took place between 11 October 1999 and 22 December 2000, a period of days. Pick-up shoots were conducted annually from 2001 to 2003. The series was shot at over 150 different locations, with seven different units shooting,

neg: Saul Zaentz so that he can confirm his profit-participation statements are accurate. In 2010, it became clear that Peter Jackson would direct the Hobbit films after all. In 2011, Zaentz's company began several legal actions against small businesses in the UK to enforce their "Hobbit" trademark, including the Hungry Hobbit cafe in Sarehole, near Birmingham and a pub in Southampton, England, which had traded as The Hobbit for twenty years. This raised the ire of many British correspondents such as Stephen Fry, who described it as "pointless, self-defeating bullying." The Saul Zaentz Film Center (becoming the Zaentz Media Center after renovations) was

neg: The Hobbit (film series) his role of Frodo Baggins in the project. As Frodo hadn't been born during the events of "The Hobbit", the inclusion of Frodo indicated that parts of the story would take place shortly before or during the events of "The Lord of the Rings". According to TheOneRing.net, "As readers of 'The Hobbit' know, the tale of 'The Downfall of The Lord of the Rings' and 'The Hobbit or There and Back Again,' are contained in the fictional 'Red Book of Westmarch.' In Peter Jackson's LOTR films, the book is shown on screen and written in by Bilbo and Frodo and

neg: Alan Lee (illustrator) the "Hobbit" films project. Jackson has explained how he originally recruited the reclusive Lee. By courier to Lee's home in the south of England, he sent two of his previous films, "Forgotten Silver" and "Heavenly Creatures", with a note from himself and Fran Walsh that piqued Lee's interest enough to become involved. Lee went on to illustrate and even to help construct many of the scenarios for the movies, including objects and weapons for the actors. He also made two cameo appearances, in the opening sequence of "" as one of the nine kings of men who became the Nazgûl,

neg: Orc (Middle-earth) one Azog, while Gollum is described as having eaten a young Goblin-imp (Goblins often being synonymous with orcs) shortly before he first met Bilbo (which seems to be alluded to in "The Lord of the Rings" films when Gollum goes on (with himself) about how unpleasant-tasting orcs are and that sweet Hobbit meat would suit Shelob better). In an unpublished letter, written in 1963 to a Mrs. Munsby (and auctioned in 2002 at Sotheby's), Tolkien confirmed that female Orcs did exist. He wrote: "There must have been orc-women. But in stories that seldom if ever see the Orcs except as

neg: The Hobbit: An Unexpected Journey a two-film adaptation of "The Hobbit", which was to be directed by Guillermo del Toro. Del Toro left the project in May 2010, after about two years of working with Jackson and his production team, due to delays caused in part by financial problems at Metro-Goldwyn-Mayer. Jackson was announced as director that October. "The Hobbit" films were produced back to back, like "The Lord of the Rings" films. Principal photography for "The Hobbit" films began on 21 March 2011 in New Zealand and ended on 6 July 2012, after 266 days of filming. Pick-ups for "An Unexpected Journey" were filmed

neg: The Hobbit (film series) in New Zealand and lasted for 10 weeks. The films were filmed in 3D using Red Epic cameras. According to a production diary video, 48 Epic cameras were used during the film's production. The production employed a specialty rig designed by 3ality Technica, using two cameras and a mirror in order to achieve an intraocular effect similar to that of human sight (the distance between the eyes). This is how the depth required for 3D film is achieved. In April 2011, Jackson revealed through his Facebook page that he would film "The Hobbit" at 48 fps (frames per second) instead

neg: Mockbuster years prior to describe a human subspecies in Indonesia. The Asylum argued that it provided warnings stating that this was not the Tolkien creature. The films also featured major plot differences: "In an ancient age, the small, peace-loving Hobbits are enslaved by the Java Men, a race of flesh-eating dragon-riders. The young Hobbit Goben must join forces with their neighbor giants, the humans, to free his people and vanquish their enemies." The Federal Court found that Warner Bros. had a valid trademark on the word "Hobbit". The court rejected The Asylum's scientific fair use claims since there was no evidence

neg: Early American editions of The Hobbit Early American editions of The Hobbit The early United States editions of J. R. R. Tolkien's "The Hobbit" were published by the Houghton Mifflin Company of Boston and New York City. They are very collectible but extraordinarily difficult to identify. This article describes all known printings until the third edition, which appeared in 1966. In this description, "printing" and "impression" are used interchangeably. Early editions of a book as popular and enduring as J. R. R. Tolkien's "The Hobbit" inevitably attract the attention and money of both book collectors and fans. Because a publisher cannot predict accurately how the public

neg: The Quest of Erebor house. The Quest of Erebor "The Quest of Erebor" is a work of fantasy fiction by J. R. R. Tolkien, posthumously published by his son Christopher Tolkien in "Unfinished Tales" (1980). This work explains how and why Gandalf arranged for the retaking of the Lonely Mountain ("Erebor" in Sindarin), an adventure recounted from the perspective of Bilbo Baggins many years before in Tolkien's "The Hobbit". The term "Quest of Erebor" can also refer to the quest told in "The Hobbit". For more on the quest itself, see the synopsis in the main article on "The Hobbit". "The Quest of Erebor"

neg: The Quest of Erebor The Quest of Erebor "The Quest of Erebor" is a work of fantasy fiction by J. R. R. Tolkien, posthumously published by his son Christopher Tolkien in "Unfinished Tales" (1980). This work explains how and why Gandalf arranged for the retaking of the Lonely Mountain ("Erebor" in Sindarin), an adventure recounted from the perspective of Bilbo Baggins many years before in Tolkien's "The Hobbit". The term "Quest of Erebor" can also refer to the quest told in "The Hobbit". For more on the quest itself, see the synopsis in the main article on "The Hobbit". "The Quest of Erebor" was

neg: The Hobbit (film series) second film would need to end by leading directly into "". In June 2009, del Toro revealed he had decided where to divide the story based on comments from fans about signifying a change in Bilbo's relationship with the dwarves. The second film's story would also have depended on how many actors could have reprised their roles. Although "The Hobbit" was originally made as a two-part film, on 30 July 2012, Jackson confirmed plans for a third film, turning his adaptation of "The Hobbit" into a trilogy. According to Jackson, the third film would make extensive use of the appendices

neg: Hobbit many times over, or are stored in a museum ("mathom-house"). Some Hobbits live in "hobbit-holes" or Smials, traditional underground homes found in hillsides, downs, and banks. It has been suggested that the soil or ground of the Shire consists of loess and that this facilitates the construction of hobbit holes. Loess is a yellow soil, it causes the colour of the Brandywine River, and it was used in making the bricks at Stock, the main Shire brickyard. Like all Hobbit architecture, the hobbit holes are notable for their round doors and windows. The hobbits had a distinct calendar: every year

neg: Rob Inglis a 2001 "AudioFile" interview, Inglis says they recorded "Lord of the Rings" in an "intense" six-week period in 1990 at the New York studio of Recorded Books. They then recorded "The Hobbit" about a year later. Inglis prepared with guidance from acting colleges in dramatic societies to perfect the many character voices. Inglis says, "There is much in the original writing that suggests how a character should be brought to life. It's quite strange. At times it felt like Tolkien himself was talking to me through his prose, telling me how things should be." Inglis says he composed some of

neg: The Annotated Hobbit himself. This allows for breadth of understanding of the "Hobbit", hence contributing to the overall understanding of Middle-earth. The main purpose behind the publication of "The Annotated Hobbit" was to allow readers to understand "how Tolkien worked as a writer, what his influences and interests were, and how these relate to the invented world of Middle-earth." Moreover, this also allowed for the publication of rare poems written by Tolkien (several of which were previously unpublished). This may help the reader improve the understanding of the culture that surrounds "The Hobbit" and Middle-earth in general. In 2002, after the initial publication

neg: The Hobbit (1985 film) have since appeared. The film exists in at least two official versions, in each of which there are episodes that fall only in this version. Timing versions differ by 50 seconds. The Hobbit (1985 film) The Hobbit (, full name The Fabulous Journey of Mr. Bilbo Baggins, The Hobbit, Across the Wild Land, Through the Dark Forest, Beyond the Misty Mountains. There and Back Again; ) is a 1985 Soviet low-budget children's film, being a loose adaption of J. R. R. Tolkien's 1937 book "The Hobbit" by Vladimir Latyshev. The film featured Zinovy Gerdt as "the professor" (a narrator stand-in

neg: The Hobbit his legal objection to "The Hobbit" films. The BBC Radio 4 series "The Hobbit" radio drama was an adaptation by Michael Kilgarriff, broadcast in eight parts (four hours in total) from September to November 1968. It starred Anthony Jackson as narrator, Paul Daneman as Bilbo and Heron Carvic as Gandalf. The series was released on audio cassette in 1988 and on CD in 1997. "The Hobbit", an animated version of the story produced by Rankin/Bass, debuted as a television movie in the United States in 1977. In 1978, Romeo Muller won a Peabody Award for his teleplay for "The Hobbit".

neg: The Hobbit (film series) yet switched from film to digital projection. On 6 October 2011, Warner Bros. Consumer Products and U.S. toy company The Bridge Direct announced their partnership on worldwide master toy rights for "The Hobbit" films. The toy line will include action figures, playsets and role-play accessories like swords and battle axes representing the characters and weapons in the films. The first wave of toy products hit store shelves in October 2012, ahead of the release of "The Hobbit: An Unexpected Journey". U.S. retailers that carry the toy line include Toys "R" Us, Kmart, and Walmart. Games Workshop released miniatures from "The

neg: Lego The Hobbit (video game) game's visuals and humor based on Peter Jackson's Hobbit trilogy but criticized the disjointed story, sameness of characters and the ending. Lego The Hobbit (video game) Lego The Hobbit is a Lego-themed action-adventure video game developed by Traveller's Tales. The game was released by Warner Bros. Interactive Entertainment on 8 April 2014 in North America, and 11 April in Europe. The game is a follow-up to "Lego The Lord of the Rings" based on the first two "Hobbit" films; "" and "". It was released on PlayStation 3, PlayStation 4, PlayStation Vita, Xbox 360, Xbox One, Wii U, Nintendo 3DS,

neg: Middle-earth film trilogy, produced in New Zealand under the direction of Peter Jackson. Although Tolkien's novel "The Hobbit" is a single book, unlike "The Lord of the Rings", "The Hobbit" film series is a trilogy like "The Lord of the Rings" film series. The films were released in December 2012, December 2013, and December 2014. The works of Tolkien have been a major influence on role-playing games along with others such as Robert E. Howard, Fritz Leiber, H. P. Lovecraft, and Michael Moorcock. Although the most famous game to be inspired partially by the setting was Dungeons & Dragons, there have

neg: Public information film Public information film Public information films (PIFs) are a series of government-commissioned short films, shown during television advertising breaks in the United Kingdom. The US equivalent is the public service announcement (PSA). The films advise the public on what to do in a multitude of situations ranging from crossing the road to surviving a nuclear attack. They are sometimes thought to concern only topics related to safety, but there are PIFs on many other subjects, including animal cruelty, protecting the environment, crime prevention and how to vote in an election or fill in a census form. Many of these films

neg: How the Sith Stole Christmas a vision from the past and sent on an incredible journey through time and space. The film parodies Dr. Seuss's "How the Grinch Stole Christmas!" by mixing it with elements of the "Star Wars" films, as well as parodying elements of "The Hobbit", "A Charlie Brown Christmas", and "Citizen Kane". The film has a very distinct and lush look, as Bracewell animated the film himself using a combination of painted backgrounds, painted cutout characters, and 3D animation. The released film is subtitled "Jingle Far, Far Away", and is the first part of a trilogy. A trailer has been released for

neg: The Hobbit (film series) that: "I'm not under contract and my time is running out. I don't want to give the producers the impression that I'm sitting waiting." It was later revealed that Serkis would also serve as second unit director on the films. Serkis stated, "I think I understand Peter's sensibility and we have a common history of understanding Middle-earth. A lot of the crew from "The Lord of the Rings" was returning to work on "The Hobbit". There is really a sense of Peter wanting people around him who totally understand the material and the work ethic." On 11 January 2011, it

neg: The Hobbit (1977 film) proceeded to produce a television installment of "The Lord of the Rings", bringing back most of the animation team and voice cast. Taking elements from the last volume of "The Lord of the Rings" which had not been used by Bakshi, they developed the musical "The Return of the King". They were unable to provide continuity for the missing segments, developing instead a framing device in which both films begin and end with Bilbo's stay at Rivendell, connecting the later film directly to the better-received "Hobbit". The Hobbit (1977 film) The Hobbit is a 1977 American animated musical television special

neg: Lego The Hobbit (video game) Lego The Hobbit (video game) Lego The Hobbit is a Lego-themed action-adventure video game developed by Traveller's Tales. The game was released by Warner Bros. Interactive Entertainment on 8 April 2014 in North America, and 11 April in Europe. The game is a follow-up to "Lego The Lord of the Rings" based on the first two "Hobbit" films; "" and "". It was released on PlayStation 3, PlayStation 4, PlayStation Vita, Xbox 360, Xbox One, Wii U, Nintendo 3DS, OS X and Microsoft Windows. The game shows several features from the previous games, including a feature where the user should

neg: The Hobbit (1985 film) The Hobbit (1985 film) The Hobbit (, full name The Fabulous Journey of Mr. Bilbo Baggins, The Hobbit, Across the Wild Land, Through the Dark Forest, Beyond the Misty Mountains. There and Back Again; ) is a 1985 Soviet low-budget children's film, being a loose adaption of J. R. R. Tolkien's 1937 book "The Hobbit" by Vladimir Latyshev. The film featured Zinovy Gerdt as "the professor" (a narrator stand-in for Tolkien), Mikhail Danilov as Bilbo Baggins, Anatoly Ravikovich as Thorin Oakenshield and Igor Dmitriev as Gollum. Smaug and the Mirkwood spiders were portrayed by puppets. Missing in this version are

neg: Arthur Rankin Jr. "Twas the Night Before Christmas", and "Jack Frost". Many of these holiday-themed works are now considered "perennial favorites", according to "The New York Times". He is also credited with devising the story for many Rankin/Bass productions, including the feature films "The Daydreamer" and "Mad Monster Party?" In 1977, Rankin and Bass produced a version of J. R. R. Tolkien's "The Hobbit", for which they were awarded the Peabody Award. The pair also teamed on a wide variety of animated TV series, including "ThunderCats" and "Silverhawks". The pair last teamed on the 1987 TV special based on "The Wind in the

neg: Hobbit (word) wrote to Professor Tolkien asking for the origins of the word, as they wished to include 'Hobbit' in the dictionary. Tolkien replied: In the event Hobbit was fully ascribed to Tolkien, as no earlier source was found. In 1971 Tolkien once again referred to his "invention": The "hol-bytlan" etymology notwithstanding, the name "hobbit" as designating a diminutive legendary creature fits seamlessly into a category of English words in "hob-" for such beings. The Middle English word "hobbe" has manifested in many creatures of folklore as the prefix "hob-". Related words are: hob, hobby, hobgoblin, Hobberdy Dick, Hobberdy, Hobbaty, hobbidy, Hobley,

neg: The Hobbit Enterprises. Since then all "authorized" adaptations have been signed-off by Tolkien Enterprises. In 1997 Tolkien Enterprises licensed the film rights to Miramax, which assigned them in 1998 to New Line Cinema. The heirs of Tolkien, including his son Christopher Tolkien, filed suit against New Line Cinema in February 2008 seeking payment of profits and to be "entitled to cancel... all future rights of New Line... to produce, distribute, and/or exploit future films based upon the Trilogy and/or the Films... and/or... films based on "The Hobbit"." In September 2009, he and New Line reached an undisclosed settlement, and he has withdrawn

neg: The Hobbit (pub) R. R. Tolkien; other public houses with the same name exist or have existed in Weston-super-Mare, Monyash (now renamed) and Sowerby Bridge. It won the Best Pub award at the "Southern Daily Echo"'s "Best Bar None" event in 2007. In December 2007 it was forced to close for two weeks as a result of an administrative error, during which time the pub was refurbished. Many drinks served at The Hobbit are named after characters from Tolkien's novels "The Hobbit" and "The Lord of the Rings". Although The Hobbit does not have a kitchen, a new Caribbean food franchise was introduced

neg: Translations of The Lord of the Rings 38 (or 39) languages for which translations of ""The Hobbit" and/or "The Lord of the Rings"" exist: For some of these languages, there is a translation of "The Hobbit", but not of "The Lord of the Rings". For some languages, there is more than one translation of "The Lord of the Rings". These notably include Russian, besides Swedish, Norwegian, German, Polish and Slovenian. In addition to languages mentioned above, there are published translations of the Hobbit into Albanian, Arabic, Armenian, Belarusian, Esperanto, Faroese, Georgian, Irish, Luxembourgish, Macedonian, and Persian. Comparatively few translations appeared during Tolkien's lifetime: when Tolkien died on

neg: Underground living house, reducing or eliminating the need for air conditioning. There are various ways to develop structures for underground living. Underground living has been a feature of fiction, such as the hobbit holes of the Shire as described in the stories of J. R. R. Tolkien and "The Underground City" by Jules Verne. Some films are almost entirely set underground, such as "THX 1138". The "Fallout series" also has underground shelters called Vaults. Parent categories: Types of underground living spaces and people, and related topics: Underground living Underground living refers to living below the ground's surface, whether in naturally occurring caves

neg: John Howe (illustrator) he would end up redoing sketches so many times that there was nothing left of "his" in them. This frustrated him, and he wondered how he would ever make it in the profession. Projects in which Howe worked include "The Lord of the Rings", J.R.R. Tolkien's Books and Merchandise, "Beowulf", Robin Hobb's books, "", Cards for "", "The Hobbit", "Pan's Labyrinth". Howe has also written and illustrated children's books. John Howe (illustrator) John Howe (born August 21, 1957) is a Canadian book illustrator, living in Neuchâtel, Switzerland. One year after graduating from high school, he studied in a college in

neg: Movie projector Bros. and Western Electric were trying to find the ideal compromise projection speed for the new sound pictures, Western Electric went to the Warner Theater in Los Angeles, and noted the average speed at which films were projected there. They set that as the sound speed at which a satisfactory reproduction and amplification of sound could be conducted. There are some specialist formats (e.g. Showscan and Maxivision) which project at higher rates—60 frames/sec for Showscan and 48 for Maxivision. The Hobbit was shot at 48 frames/sec and projected at the higher frame rate at specially equipped theaters. Each frame of

neg: Jorge Sanjinés and revolutionary final product The final section of this manifesto talks about the problems of distributing revolutionary cinema, and how it might seem futile to make a film if you have no means of distribution, it is still important to make the film. Although many of these revolutionary films are undistributable where they could have the largest impact, Sanjinés tells of how there are other ways of distributing the film throughout the world and advocates the use of these channels. Although anti-imperialist, Sanjinés advocates the viewings of his films to European and American audiences for educational purposes. Jorge Sanjinés Jorge

neg: Shared universe the most successful novel-to-film adaptations are the film trilogies of "The Hobbit" (2012–2014) and "The Lord of the Rings" (2001–2003), all of which were directed by Peter Jackson, while serving as faithful adaptations of the novels by J. R. R. Tolkien (especially "The Lord of the Rings"). The first work in the series was "The Hobbit novel" published in 1937. The novels focused on the hobbits Bilbo Baggins and his nephew Frodo Baggins, as well as the wizard Gandalf, among other species such as dwarves and elves. Videogames taking place between the films of the saga have been produced. A

neg: Clash of the Empires 2012. The Asylum responded by altering some of the promotional material for their film, but they refused to take the word "hobbit" out of the film's title. In November 2012, Warner Bros., New Line Cinema, MGM and "The Hobbit" producer Saul Zaentz commenced legal action against The Asylum for "Age of the Hobbits", claiming that they were "free-riding" on the worldwide promotional campaign for Peter Jackson's forthcoming films. The Asylum claimed its movie is legally sound because its hobbits are not based on the J. R. R. Tolkien creations. The Asylum argued that "Age of the Hobbits is about the

neg: The Hobbit (film series) estimated share in respect of the gross profit participation due for the films based on "The Lord of the Rings". Christopher Tolkien said: "The trustees regret that legal action was necessary but are glad that this dispute has been settled on satisfactory terms that will allow the Tolkien Trust properly to pursue its charitable objectives. The trustees acknowledge that New Line may now proceed with its proposed film of The Hobbit." Despite the legal suits, development proceeded and in April 2008, Guillermo del Toro was hired to direct the film. Del Toro has said he was a fan of Jackson's

neg: The Annotated Hobbit Hoard" from 1923 was best accessible in this book. "The Annotated Hobbit" won the 1990 Mythopoeic Scholarship Award in "Inkling studies" by the Mythopoeic Society. The Annotated Hobbit The Annotated Hobbit: The Hobbit, or There and Back Again is an edition of J. R. R. Tolkien's novel "The Hobbit" with a commentary by Douglas A. Anderson. It was first published in 1988 by Houghton Mifflin Harcourt, Boston, in celebration of the 50th anniversary of the first American publication of "The Hobbit", and by Unwin Hyman of London. According to the editor, "The Annotated Hobbit" is a referenced novel where in

neg: Gandalf Rings" (1955–1956), Heron Carvic in "The Hobbit" (1968), Bernard Mayes in "The Lord of the Rings" (1979) and Sir Michael Hordern in "The Lord of the Rings" (1981). John Huston voiced Gandalf in the animated films "The Hobbit" (1977) and "The Return of the King" (1980) produced by Rankin/Bass. William Squire voiced Gandalf in the animated film "The Lord of the Rings" (1978) directed by Ralph Bakshi. Ivan I. Krasko played Gandalf in the Soviet film adaptation "The Hobbit" (1985) Gandalf was portrayed by Vesa Vierikko in the Finnish television miniseries "Hobitit" (1993). Sir Ian McKellen portrayed Gandalf in "The

neg: Works inspired by J. R. R. Tolkien (1980); earlier they had made a TV animation of "The Hobbit" (1977). "The Lord of the Rings" was adapted as a trilogy of films (2001–03), directed by Peter Jackson. "The Hobbit" was also adapted as a trilogy (2012–14), with some elements adapted from "The Return of the King"'s Appendices. The split of Tolkien's works between Tolkien Enterprises and the Tolkien Estate means that none of the Tolkien Enterprises' products can include source material from outside "The Hobbit" and "The Lord of the Rings", and therefore a film or stage version of "The Silmarillion" is highly unlikely. Comparisons have been made

neg: The Hobbit (film series) Hobbit" as part of The Lord of the Rings Strategy Battle Game. The company has had rights to produce miniatures from the original book for some years but has not released any lines, save for a stand-alone game based on the Battle of Five Armies, with original designs not related to "The Lord of the Rings" films. While a number of companies were vying for "The Hobbit" deal, Warner Bros. Consumer Products awarded the license to Bridge Direct partly because some of its execs and staffers had worked on "The Lord of the Rings" toy line during their tenure at

neg: Saul Zaentz and merchandise rights to "The Lord of the Rings" and "The Hobbit". Saul Zaentz's Tolkien Enterprises signed an exclusive, worldwide license with Iron Crown Enterprises in 1982, which was at the time the biggest license in the history of the role-playing game industry. Zaentz was peripherally involved in the controversy about who would make a live-action film version of "The Hobbit", because of his ownership of the film rights to the novel. Peter Jackson, who directed the successful "The Lord of the Rings" film trilogy, was the first person scheduled to direct "The Hobbit". However, Jackson's production company Wingnut Films

neg: The Lord of the Rings (film series) September 2009, the dispute was settled. The success of the "Lord of the Rings" trilogy led to Jackson directing a trilogy of prequels based on Tolkien's children's book "The Hobbit". The films, which were released between 2012 and 2014, used much of the cast and crew of "The Lord of the Rings", including Ian McKellen, Andy Serkis, Hugo Weaving, Elijah Wood, Ian Holm (as older Bilbo), Christopher Lee, Cate Blanchett and Orlando Bloom who reprised their roles. Although the "Hobbit" films were even more commercially successful than "The Lord of the Rings", they received mixed reviews from critics. Numerous video

neg: The Hobbit (2003 video game) with the Peter Jackson-directed "Lord of the Rings" film trilogy. At the time, Vivendi, in partnership with Tolkien Enterprises, held the rights to the video game adaptations of Tolkien's literary works, whilst Electronic Arts held the rights to the video game adaptations of the New Line Cinema films. The game sticks very closely to the plot of the novel, although it does feature some minor characters not found in Tolkien's original. "The Hobbit" received mixed reviews across all systems, with critics praising its fidelity to the source material, but finding the gameplay unoriginal and too easy. "The Hobbit" is primarily

neg: The Hobbit: The Desolation of Smaug appearance in the film, reprising his role as the man eating a carrot in Bree, his daughter Katie portrays Barliman Butterbur's wife Betsy, Philippa Boyens's daughter Phoebe and scale double Kiran Shah appear as a waitress and a Hobbit in the Prancing Pony, James Nesbitt's daughters Peggy and Mary portray Tilda and Sigrid, the daughters of Bard, Stephen Colbert and his family along with WingNut Films' assistant Norman Kali and producer Zane Weiner appear as Lake-town spies, and editor Jabez Olssen appears as a fishmonger. Brian Sergent (who portrayed the Hobbit Ted Sandyman in the extended edition of Fellowship of

neg: The Lord of the Rings Strategy Battle Game produce a skirmish war game based on "The Lord of the Rings" and "The Hobbit" books and films, in the 25mm miniature scale. (The rights to produce a role playing game version of the films were sold to another firm, Decipher, Inc.) They also have the rights to produce "Battle of Five Armies", a game based on the battle of similar name from The Hobbit, using smaller miniatures to enact larger battles (more akin to the "Warmaster" system). Under this separate license, the game was done using a 10 mm scale for the normal warriors, and a larger "heroic" scale

neg: Guillermo del Toro's unrealized projects reported that del Toro would direct a two-part film adaptation of J. R. R. Tolkien's fantasy novel "The Hobbit". Del Toro envisioned the first film as a direct adaptation of the novel, with the second bridging the gap between "The Hobbit" and the "Lord of the Rings" films. After spending two years in New Zealand working on pre-production, del Toro left the project due to ongoing delays and was replaced by "Lord of the Rings" director Peter Jackson. The films were expanded to a trilogy during production, and were released as "" (2012), "" (2013), and "" (2014), with del

neg: The Hobbit (film series) was written by Fran Walsh, Philippa Boyens, Jackson, and Guillermo del Toro, who was originally chosen to direct before his departure from the project. The films take place in the fictional world of Middle-earth sixty years before the beginning of "The Lord of the Rings", and follow hobbit Bilbo Baggins (Martin Freeman), who is convinced by the wizard Gandalf the Grey (Ian McKellen) to accompany thirteen dwarves, led by Thorin Oakenshield (Richard Armitage), on a quest to reclaim the Lonely Mountain from the dragon Smaug (voiced by Benedict Cumberbatch). The films also expand upon certain elements from the novel and

neg: The Hobbit (film series) direct competition to the third installment. It grossed over $956 million in worldwide level in box office, and as the previous two films, it surpassed both "The Fellowship of the Ring" and "The Two Towers" nominally, although it didn't manage to surpass the previous two films of the series. "The Hobbit: An Unexpected Journey" was released on 3D Blu-ray, Blu-ray and DVD in United States on 19 March 2013, and was released in the United Kingdom on 8 April 2013. As of 7 July 2013, DVD/Blu-ray sales in the United States were reported to be around $29,527,413, with almost 3

neg: The Hobbit (film series) appearing in "The Hobbit" films. In early October 2010, it was confirmed by the studio that Martin Freeman had been cast in the role of Bilbo Baggins. It was revealed that he had earlier been approached by the producers to play a role in the films, but was forced to turn it down because of scheduling conflicts with the BBC television series "Sherlock". At the time, Freeman was quoted as saying, "[I]f something could be worked out, that would be great. I did it [turned down the role] with a heavy heart, definitely." On his casting, Peter Jackson was quoted

neg: Andy Pask He has appeared on soundtracks for , Robin Hood, How to Train Your Dragon 1 & 2, , Leap Year, Nine, the Twilight films, Shanghai Noon, Last Orders, Spy Kids, The Guru, Calendar Girls, Gosford Park, The Recruit, Little Shop of Horrors, Hugo, Hotel Transylvania, Paranorman, The Hobbit, Seven Psychopaths, Red 2, World War Z, Mr. Peabody and Sherman, The Full Monty, Maleficent, Jupiter Ascending, , , Legend, Interstellar, Spectre, Boss Baby, and Dunkirk. As a composer, his most successful work is "Overkill", theme to the long running police series, "The Bill", written with Charlie Morgan. Andy Pask Andrew Howard

neg: The Hobbit (film series) cast in the role, Hunter said, "Being cast in "The Hobbit" is really exciting and really an honour. I auditioned for the original "Lord of the Rings" way back when I signed with my agent in New Zealand. When I saw the films I thought, 'Man, I so want to do "The Hobbit".'" On 1 November 2010, Jackson confirmed that James Nesbitt and Adam Brown had been added to the cast to play Bofur and Ori respectively. It was previously reported that Nesbitt was in negotiations for a part in the film. Jackson was quoted on Nesbitt's casting as saying,

neg: The Hobbit: The Desolation of Smaug lot of people want to see from a film version of "The Hobbit", but let's at least accept that Tolkien would probably not have been among them." "The New York Post"'s Lou Lumenick was extremely negative in his 1.5/4 star review and he compared it to "", and remarked "There are probably enough moments to satisfy hard-core fans, but for the rest of us, this amounts to the Middle Earth equivalent of “,’’ a space-holding, empty-headed epic filled with characters and places (digital and otherwise) that are hard to keep straight, much less care about." The Hobbit: The Desolation of

neg: The Hobbit (film series) via an in-game voice communication system, as well as access a comprehensive online stat and leader board system where they can track friends’ victories and defeats. The game featured tie-ins to the released "The Hobbit: An Unexpected Journey" motion picture which released on 14 December 2012. On 25 November, Warner Brothers confirmed "Lego The Hobbit" video game. The game's levels only took place in the first two films. The game was released 8 April 2014. Two video games were developed to coincide with the film's theatrical release. A tie-in fighting video game was released simultaneously with the film for Android

neg: The Annotated Hobbit The Annotated Hobbit The Annotated Hobbit: The Hobbit, or There and Back Again is an edition of J. R. R. Tolkien's novel "The Hobbit" with a commentary by Douglas A. Anderson. It was first published in 1988 by Houghton Mifflin Harcourt, Boston, in celebration of the 50th anniversary of the first American publication of "The Hobbit", and by Unwin Hyman of London. According to the editor, "The Annotated Hobbit" is a referenced novel where in the margins the "annotator adds commentary". The edition includes also more than 150 black-and-white illustrations from foreign editions and some that were drawn by Tolkien

neg: Storybook house and The Hobbit House built between 1940-1970 by Disney artist Joseph Lawrence. The primary architects that worked in this style are: Harry Oliver, Ben Sherwood, William R. Yelland, Walter W. Dixon, and Carr Jones among many other local architects. Oliver is noted for his Spadena House in Beverly Hills, and the Tam O'Shanter Inn in Atwater Village, Los Angeles. Harry Oliver worked on more than 30 Hollywood films as an art director or set decorator between 1919-1938. The Spadena House, also known as the Witch's House was originally built to function as offices and dressing rooms for Willat Studios, a

neg: Cinema of the Soviet Union society. There is very little direct evidence of how Soviet audiences received the trophy films. Soviet magazines or newspapers never reviewed the films, there were no audience surveys, and no records exist of how many people viewed the films. In order to judge the reception and popularity of these foreign films, historians have mainly relied on anecdotal evidence. The German musical comedy "The Woman of My Dreams" has received mixed reviews according to this evidence. "" published a supposed survey compiled of readers' letters to the editor in March, 1947 which criticize the film for being idealess, low brow, and

neg: The Keeper of the Isis Light with her favourite pet, a dragon-like native animal called Hobbit, when Hobbit is shot by hunting settlers. In rage, Olwen chases the Hunters back to the village. When the settlers see Olwen, they are disgusted by her appearance. Olwen refuses to wear the suit and vows to never go down into Cascade Valley again. During a sudden solar storm, Olwen rescues a young settler boy, Jody, who was outside in the midst of the storm. The settlers do not know how to react to Olwen saving Jody. The story ends with Olwen deciding to leave Cascade Valley, and live in

neg: Hobbit (word) own account, the coining of the name "hobbit" was a spontaneous flash of intuition. When he was busy grading examination papers, the word popped into his mind, not in isolation but as part of an entire sentence, which was to become the incipit of "The Hobbit", "In a hole in the ground there lived a hobbit." Tolkien etymologized the name "hobbit" as the regular Modern English outcome of a hypothetical Old English "*hol-bytla" "hole builder". Within the linguistic fiction of "The Lord of the Rings", the English etymology of Old English "hol-bytlan" → Modern English "hobbit" is the supposed translation

neg: Hobbit (unit) measure of volume, two and a half imperial bushels, but in practice it was often used as a unit of weight for specific goods. According to George Richard Everitt, Inspector of Corn Returns for Denbigh in northern Wales, when examined by the House of Commons in 1888, grains were sold by the hobbit, measured by weight. A hobbit of oats weighed 105 pounds, a hobbit of barley 147 pounds, and a hobbit of wheat 168 pounds. The figures in hobbits were then converted to standard imperial bushels for official reporting. In addition to grains, there was also a hobbit of

neg: Middle-earth dwarf characters Middle-earth dwarf characters Many of the fictional characters in J.R.R. Tolkien's legendarium are Dwarves, a short stocky race inhabiting the world of Arda (the Earth in an imagined mythological past). Dwarves lived in the continent Middle-earth, mostly under its mountains. The names of many of Tolkien's Dwarves are derived from Norse mythology. Tolkien did not use diacritical marks for any names in "The Hobbit", but in "The Lord of the Rings" he accentuated a number of names, including some which had appeared in "The Hobbit". Thus, for example, "Fili" became "Fíli", and "Thrain" became "Thráin". Thorin's company consisted of the

neg: The Hobbit (film series) mentioned. However, this incident received negative reaction from many "Hobbit" fans, who were angry at MGM for delaying the project. They also tried willing the studio to sell their rights to Warner Bros. On 27 July, del Toro responded to these angry fans, saying that "it wasn't just MGM. These are very complicated movies, economically and politically." On 25 June 2010, Jackson was reported to be in negotiations to direct the two-part film. On 15 October 2010, New Line Cinema and Warner Bros. confirmed that "The Hobbit" was to proceed filming with Jackson as director and that the film would

neg: Humnasheen (Ghazals by Shreya Ghoshal) films, and does not expect that it will happen in films. "Diction needs to be very clear", she said. Her tilt towards Urdu happened only after she entered the film industry. There are so many talented lyricists and composers from whom she learnt something every day. She has learnt music from Kalyanji (composer), who told her how important diction is. When she heard old songs of Lata Mangeshkar and Mohammed Rafi, she could see how particular they were to ensure that the words were clear and beautifully pronounced. So she teamed up with Deepak Pandit & Manoj Muntashir for the

neg: A Christmas Tale hospital in front of his mother and not revealing the answer. The film explores family relationships, how some conflicts are resolved, and how relationship constantly evolve between mother and children, lovers, spouses, and siblings in the context of a Christmas family gathering. There are philosophical insights into the complexity of life, and we gain a deeper understanding of each person in the family, the dynamics of the Vuillard family, and how we deal with adversity. The film appeared on many critics' top ten lists of the best films of 2008. A Christmas Tale A Christmas Tale () is a 2008

neg: Early American editions of The Hobbit this is "not" the order the maps appear, but, rather, the order stated in the List of Illustrations. In all first editions the Wilderland map appears as the front paste-down. ††Earliest confirmed date as seen in publisher's records, owner's inscriptions, or library stamps. Tolkien began work on "The Lord of the Rings" in the years after "The Hobbit's" publication. As the story evolved, Tolkien realized he needed to change how Bilbo and Gollum interacted in "The Hobbit" to suit the plot of "The Lord of the Rings". Allen & Unwin prepared a new edition of "The Hobbit" for release in

neg: Hobbit Hobbit Hobbits are a fictional, diminutive, humanoid race who inhabit the lands of Middle-earth in J. R. R. Tolkien’s fiction. They are also referred to as Halflings. Hobbits first appeared in the novel "The Hobbit", whose titular hobbit is the protagonist Bilbo Baggins. The novel "The Lord of the Rings" includes as major characters the hobbits Frodo Baggins, Samwise Gamgee, Peregrin Took, and Meriadoc Brandybuck, as well as several other minor hobbit characters. Hobbits are also briefly mentioned in "The Silmarillion" and "Unfinished Tales". According to the author in the prologue to "The Lord of the Rings", hobbits are "relatives"

neg: The Lord of the Rings also incorporated many Tolkien references into their music. American heavy metal band Megadeth released two songs titled "This Day We Fight!" and "How the Story Ends", which were both inspired by "The Lord of the Rings". German folk metal band Eichenschild is named for Thorin Oakenshield, a character in "The Hobbit", and naturally has a number of Tolkien-themed songs. They are not to be confused with the '70s folk rock band Thorin Eichenschild. In 1988, Dutch composer and trombonist Johan de Meij completed his "Symphony No. 1 "The Lord of the Rings"," which encompassed 5 movements, titled "Gandalf", "Lothlórien", "Gollum",

neg: Chivalry & Sorcery rulebook. In addition to ideas taken from Arthurian myth, the first edition also incorporated elements of J. R. R. Tolkien including hobbits and balrogs. These references have disappeared in subsequent editions for reasons of copyright. Thus, "C&S" has less of a modern literary influence than "D&D" which was influenced by Tolkien but also by other authors such as Jack Vance, Fritz Leiber, L. Sprague de Camp and Michael Moorcock. Creating a character begins with the random selection of the race among human, elf, dwarf, hobbit, or monster. It should be noted that non-human races are not restricted in how many

neg: Hobbit (word) Hobbit (word) The invention of the word hobbit is traditionally ascribed to J. R. R. Tolkien, whose "The Hobbit" was first published in 1937. The "Oxford English Dictionary" since the 1970s has credited Tolkien with the invention of the word. Since then, however, it has been noted that there is prior evidence of the word, in a 19th-century list of legendary creatures. In 1971, Tolkien stated that he remembered making up the word himself, admitting that there was nothing but his "nude parole" to support the claim that he was uninfluenced by similar words of the hobgoblin family. By Tolkien's

neg: The Hobbit steals the Arkenstone—a most ancient relic of the dwarves—and attempts to ransom it to Thorin for peace. However, Thorin turns on the Hobbit as a traitor, disregarding all the promises and "at your services" he had previously bestowed. In the end Bilbo gives up the precious stone and most of his share of the treasure to help those in greater need. Tolkien also explores the motif of jewels that inspire intense greed that corrupts those who covet them in the "Silmarillion", and there are connections between the words "Arkenstone" and "Silmaril" in Tolkien's invented etymologies. "The Hobbit" employs themes of

neg: Jens Hoyer Hansen for the films was not made with any Elvish inscription. The inscriptions that appear in a few special moments in the "Lord of the Rings" trilogy were computer generated in post-production. In "The Hobbit" films, no Elvish inscriptions are ever revealed. In 1999 he was diagnosed with cancer, and died in August of that year, before having the opportunity to see his rings in the films. The Jens Hansen Workshop in Nelson is located on the corner of Trafalgar Square and Selwyn Place. Jens Hansen set up his first Nelson workshop in his and wife Gurli's home in Alton Street,

neg: Black Panther (film) was not eligible for, such as those for animation, short films, and documentaries. Ahead of the 91st Academy Awards nominations being revealed in January 2019, "Black Panther" was included as a finalist on the Academy's shortlist for nominees in Best Makeup and Hairstyling, Best Original Score, Best Original Song, and Best Visual Effects. With the release of "Black Panther", Feige said "there are many, many stories to tell" about the character, and that he wanted Coogler to return for any potential sequel. Coogler added that he wanted to see how T'Challa would grow as a king in future films, since

neg: Red Book of Westmarch Hobbit" were rewritten for "The Lord of the Rings". "The Hobbit" was later revised for consistency. Tolkien explains the discrepancies as Bilbo's lies (influenced by the ring, now the sinister One Ring). Tolkien also said the original version of the "Red Book" contained the story of Bilbo's journey from the first edition of "the Hobbit". Beginning with the Thain's Book, later copies of the "Red Book" contained, as an alternative, the true account (from notes from Frodo and Sam). Tolkien says neither hobbit seemed willing "to delete anything actually written by the old hobbit himself." In Peter Jackson's "", "There

neg: Hobbit Marvellous Land of Snergs" "was probably an unconscious source-book for the Hobbits" and he told an interviewer that the word "hobbit" "might have been associated with Sinclair Lewis's Babbitt" (like hobbits, George Babbitt enjoys the comforts of his home). However, Tolkien claims that he started "The Hobbit" suddenly, without premeditation, in the midst of grading a set of student essay exams, writing on a blank piece of paper: "In a hole in the ground there lived a hobbit". While "The Hobbit" introduced this comfortable race to the world, it is only in writing "The Lord of the Rings" that Tolkien

neg: Jennifer Baichwal films and documentaries including "The Hockey Nomad" and "Black Code", the latter of which premiered at the Toronto International Film Festival in 2016. Many of her films' subjects are artists of other mediums than film. In an interview with the Seventh Art, Baichwal mentions how she is drawn to artists, stating: "There is something about art that can't be paraphrased and just living in the complexity of that world is very rich for me..." Since their initial collaboration in 1995 and with the exception of "Manufactured Landscapes", all of Baichwal's films have been shot by her husband Nick de Pencier.

neg: Cinema of Brazil screen and dub themselves singing during projection. During the 1920s film production flourished throughout several regions of the country: Recife, Campinas, Cataguases, Juiz de Fora and Guaranésia. Also in the early 20th century of Brazilian cinema, there was a major lack of Black presence in films that were being made. Brazilian and American films are common in this aspect, as both countries had endured similar types of European colonization, and how the colored were not given any time or recognition on film. Many of the early films being produced in Brazil were also made by Italian Americans, with respect to

neg: Narnia (world) are not identical with—those depicted by his friend Tolkien in "The Hobbit" and "The Lord of the Rings"; both draw on the depiction of dwarfs in Germanic mythology. Strawberry, the cabman's horse, also entered Narnia from our world and there was chosen to be a talking beast and transformed into the winged horse Fledge. Many of the animals found in our world can also be found in Narnia. In addition, there are talking versions of most of these animals. When Aslan breathed upon the first animal pairs, some not only gained thought and speech, but changed in size as well.

neg: Merpcon Tolkien Enterprises forced Iron Crown Enterprises into bankruptcy. Decipher, Inc. owned the rights to produce products based on "The Hobbit" and "The Lord of the Rings" until the middle of Summer 2007 when the company decided not to renew. Cubicle7 is releasing a new licensed Tolkien-based RPG scheduled for August 2011. There are several other role playing gaming systems that have been under independent unofficial development and/or release for several years now, including: There are many projects that have adapted existing game systems to better fit into Middle-earth ranging from the early years of Dungeons & Dragons, GURPS, and Runequest,

neg: AT&T Hobbit Personal Communicator, company which produced an early PDA running GO Corporation's PenPoint operating system. Hobbit was also used in the earliest (unreleased) versions of the BeBox. With these exceptions there was almost no commercial use of the design, and production was ended in 1994. AT&T Hobbit The AT&T Hobbit is a microprocessor design that AT&T Corporation developed in the early 1990s. It was based on the company's CRISP (C-language Reduced Instruction Set Processor) design, which in turn grew out of Bell Labs' C Machine design of the late 1980s. C Machine, CRISP and Hobbit were optimized for running the C

neg: The Hobbit The Hobbit The Hobbit, or There and Back Again is a children's fantasy novel by English author J. R. R. Tolkien. It was published on 21 September 1937 to wide critical acclaim, being nominated for the Carnegie Medal and awarded a prize from the "New York Herald Tribune" for best juvenile fiction. The book remains popular and is recognized as a classic in children's literature. "The Hobbit" is set within Tolkien's fictional universe and follows the quest of home-loving hobbit Bilbo Baggins to win a share of the treasure guarded by Smaug the dragon. Bilbo's journey takes him from light-hearted,

neg: New Generation (Malayalam film movement) Malayalam cinema. There is also a criticism that the new wave movies only cater to the young people, moreover numerous short films as well as short movies are getting made every second day for YouTube upload. Many actors and audiences alike, agree that the change is beneficial but, bland plagiarism is not acceptable. Contemporaries such as Bollywood are also surprised by the sudden trends of Malayalam cinema, the Bollywood media has criticized how most the new wave Malayalam films are of English titles.The use of latest technology has added speed to the process of change in the industry. Malayalam actor

neg: 1980s in film well as with how many of the filmmakers part of New Hollywood were still able to direct many great pictures in the 1980s (Martin Scorsese, Brian de Palma, etc.). The following are the 10 top-grossing films of the decade: In the list, where revenues are equal numbers, the newer films are listed lower, due to inflation making the dollar-amount lower compared to earlier years. The films of the 1980s covered many genres, with hybrids crossing between multiple genres. The trend strengthened towards creating ever-larger blockbuster films, which earned more in their opening weeks than any previous film, due in part

neg: Stay (2005 film) the police as Elizabeth Levy. Since Henry died before hearing this, he would have no way of knowing how to "dream" her true name. Additionally, before parting, Sam appears to get a flash in his mind of the experiences and asks Lila out for coffee. Marc Forster's directorial style is artistic, referencing many other films including "Vertigo". Details such as the length of a character's trousers and what he is wearing on his feet are significant, too. Forster has spoken of the film's stylistic link to the films of Nicolas Roeg as there are what appear to be continuity mistakes,