query: how many national parks are there in england and wales

pos: National parks of England and Wales of the landscape, and land within a national park remains largely in private ownership. There are currently thirteen national parks () in England and Wales. Each park is operated by its own national park authority, with two "statutory purposes": When national parks carry out these purposes they also have the duty to: An estimated 110 million people visit the national parks of England and Wales each year. Recreation and tourism bring visitors and funds into the parks, to sustain their conservation efforts and support the local population through jobs and businesses. These visitors also bring problems, such as erosion and

pos: The Broads over of navigable waterways. There are seven rivers and 63 broads, mostly less than deep. Thirteen broads are generally open to navigation, with a further three having navigable channels. Some broads have navigation restrictions imposed on them in autumn and winter, although the legality of the restrictions is questionable. Although the terms Norfolk Broads and Suffolk Broads are used to identify specific areas within the two counties respectively, the whole area is frequently referred to as the "Norfolk Broads". The Broads has similar status to the national parks in England and Wales; the Broads Authority has powers and duties akin

neg: National parks of England and Wales National parks of England and Wales The national parks of England and Wales are areas of relatively undeveloped and scenic landscape that are designated under the National Parks and Access to the Countryside Act 1949. Despite their similar name, national parks in England and Wales are quite different from national parks in many other countries, which are usually owned and managed by the government as a protected community resource, and which do not usually include permanent human communities. In England and Wales, designation as a national park may include substantial settlements and human land uses which are often integral parts

neg: National parks of England and Wales the New Forest would increase this proportion to 10.7%. The three Welsh national parks cover around 20% of the land area of Wales. National parks of England and Wales The national parks of England and Wales are areas of relatively undeveloped and scenic landscape that are designated under the National Parks and Access to the Countryside Act 1949. Despite their similar name, national parks in England and Wales are quite different from national parks in many other countries, which are usually owned and managed by the government as a protected community resource, and which do not usually include permanent human

neg: Association of National Park Authorities of all fifteen of the individual national park authorities. There are separate bodies for England and Wales, the English National Parks Authority Association and National Parks Wales, that represents the ten English national park authorities and the three Welsh national park authorities respectively when dealing with central government and national agencies. There are ten national parks in England, three in Wales and two in Scotland, they are: Association of National Park Authorities The Association of National Park Authorities (ANPA) is a body that exists to provide the national park authorities of England, Wales and Scotland a focus for collaborative working

neg: National parks of England and Wales direct conflict with conservation. Following the ethos of the Sandford Principle, the Environment Act 1995 sets down how a priority may be established between conservation and recreational use. Similar provision has been made for Scottish national parks. Although recreation and tourism brings many benefits to an area, it also brings a number of problems. The national funding offered to national park authorities is partly in recognition of the extra difficulties created in dealing with these conflicts. At the beginning of 2005, some 9.3% of the area of England and Wales lay within national parks; the addition of South Downs and

neg: Local Biodiversity Action Plan there were many dozens of LBAPs in England overseen by the statutory agency Natural England. The Northern Ireland Environment Agency oversees the production of LBAPs in the province. As at January 2012 there were 25 LBAPs in place covering each of Scotland's local authority areas and both the Cairngorms and Loch Lomond and The Trossachs national parks. By January 2012 there were LBAPs published or in draft form for each of 24 areas identified across Wales including the three national parks. The Wales Biodiversity Partnership brings together most of the main players across Wales to assist in the process of

neg: South Downs National Park case for national parks, including a national park on part of the South Downs. When however, towards the end of World War II, John Dower was asked to report on how a system of national parks in England and Wales might be established, his 1945 report, "National Parks in England and Wales", did not identify the South Downs for national park status, but rather included it in a list of "other amenity areas". Sir Arthur Hobhouse's 1947 "Report of the National Parks Committee" took a different view, and he included the South Downs in his list of twelve areas recommended

neg: National parks of the United Kingdom National parks of the United Kingdom National parks are a devolved matter with each of the countries of the United Kingdom having its own policies and arrangements. Counted together, the United Kingdom has fifteen national parks with ten in England, three in Wales and two in Scotland. These parks are not truly national parks according to the internationally accepted standard of the IUCN but they are areas of outstanding landscape where habitation and commercial activities are restricted. There are currently no national parks in Northern Ireland though there are controversial moves to establish one in the Mourne Mountains. If established,

neg: New England (New South Wales) There is a wide range of 27 main national parks and over 30 nature reserves in the New England area of the NSW National Parks and Wildlife Service region, plus Mount Kaputar National Park which is in the Central Region. National parks including World Heritage listed areas that form part of the Central Eastern Rainforest Reserves (CERRA), gorge country and wild rivers on the rugged eastern fringe of the region include: New England has been the home of Australia's most persistent attempt to form a new state within the Australian commonwealth. Many New England people have long resented being governed

neg: National parks of England and Wales proposed twelve national parks. Sir Arthur had this to say on the criteria for designating suitable areas: The essential requirements of a National Park are that it should have great natural beauty, a high value for open-air recreation and substantial continuous extent. Further, the distribution of selected areas should as far as practicable be such that at least one of them is quickly accessible from each of the main centres of population in England and Wales. Lastly there is merit in variety and with the wide diversity of landscape which is available in England and Wales, it would be wrong

neg: Protected areas of Wales areas comprising national nature reserves, conservation areas (which incorporated suggestions for Sites of Special Scientific Interest), national parks, Geological Monuments, local nature reserves and local educational nature reserves. There are now 73 LNRs in Wales, covering . Protected areas of Wales Many parts of Wales are protected areas, according to a number of designations. They include three national parks, and five Areas of Outstanding Natural Beauty. Wales is home to three national parks. Snowdonia National Park () was established in 1951 as the third National Park in Britain, following the Peak District and the Lake District. It covers , and

neg: National parks of the United Kingdom parks. Beginning in 2014 there was a movement to establish the Greater London area as a kind of national park. For details of the established national parks, see: National parks of the United Kingdom National parks are a devolved matter with each of the countries of the United Kingdom having its own policies and arrangements. Counted together, the United Kingdom has fifteen national parks with ten in England, three in Wales and two in Scotland. These parks are not truly national parks according to the internationally accepted standard of the IUCN but they are areas of outstanding landscape where habitation

neg: New England (New South Wales) which in some areas such as New England National Park and Point Lookout are quite close to the coast. There are many National Parks along the rugged eastern fringes of the highlands including Cathedral Rock National Park, which has the region's highest peak, and Nymboida National Park. The western side of the plateau is somewhat less rugged, and is drained towards the west by the tributaries of the Severn River, the Gwydir River and the Namoi River. These rivers form part of the Murray-Darling Basin. There are large dams at Copeton Dam on the Gwydir and at Keepit Dam, Chaffey

neg: Biodiversity of Wales Biodiversity of Wales The biodiversity of Wales refers to the wide variety of ecosystems, living organisms, and the genetic makeups found in Wales. Wales is a predominantly mountainous peninsula located between England and the Irish Sea, covering 8,023 square miles. It has terrestrial habitats and many protected areas rich in biodiversity, including three national parks and five Areas of Outstanding Natural Beauty (AONB). The national parks include: Snowdonia, Pembrokeshire Coast and Brecon Beacons. AONB include: Anglesey, Clwydian Range, Gower Peninsula, Llŷn Peninsula and Wye Valley, which is partially in England. Wales also has many locations categorised as Site of Special

neg: Protected areas of the United States large parks that are on a par with national parks. Some state parks, like Adirondack Park, are similar to the national parks of England and Wales, with numerous towns inside the borders of the park. About half the area of the park, some , is state-owned and preserved as "forever wild" by the Forest Preserve of New York. Wood-Tikchik State Park in Alaska is the largest state park by the amount of contiguous protected land; it is larger than many U.S. National Parks, with some , making it larger than the state of Delaware. Many states also operate game and

neg: National parks of England and Wales Each authority is required to carry out two "statutory purposes": These purposes can conflict: in such cases, under the "Sandford Principle", conservation comes first. This principle was given statutory force by section 62 of the Environment Act 1995, although there are no explicit provisions as to how wildlife is to be preserved. In pursuing these purposes, national park authorities also have a duty to foster the social and economic well-being of their local communities. Slightly over half the members of each national park authority are appointees from the principal local authorities covered by the park; the remainder are appointed by

neg: Tourism in Wales overseas visitors were the Republic of Ireland, the United States and Germany. The majority of tourism however, is from other parts of the UK (predominantly England). The capital, Cardiff is the most popular area in Wales for tourists, with 14.6 million visitors in 2009, which provides 26,300 jobs in the sector. In 2004, tourists spent the most money in Gwynedd, followed by Conwy and Cardiff. The varied landscape of Wales attracts tourism. There are three national parks: the Brecon Beacons National Park, the Snowdonia National Park and the Pembrokeshire Coast National Park. Popular activities in the national parks include hill

neg: Wilderness wild spaces" of North America. When outdoorsman Teddy Roosevelt became president of the United States, he began to enlarge the U.S. National Parks system, and established the National Forest system. By the 1920s, travel across North America by train to experience the "wilderness" (often viewing it only through windows) had become very popular. This led to the commercialization of some of Canada's National Parks with the building of great hotels such as the Banff Springs Hotel and Chateau Lake Louise. Despite their similar name, national parks in England and Wales are quite different from national parks in many other countries.

neg: Blackdown Hills as an Area of Outstanding Natural Beauty (AONB). As they have the same landscape quality, AONBs may be compared to the national parks of England and Wales. AONBs are created under the same legislation as the national parks: the National Parks and Access to the Countryside Act 1949. However, National Parks, unlike AONBs, have their own authorities and have special legal powers to prevent unsympathetic development. By contrast, there are very limited statutory duties imposed on local authorities within an AONB. Further regulation and protection of AONBs was added by the Countryside and Rights of Way Act 2000. The total

neg: National parks of England and Wales local authorities, and refunded to them from the government to varying degrees. In 2003/2004, the park authorities received around £35.5 million of central government funding. Natural England is the statutory body responsible for designating new national parks in England, subject to approval by the Secretary of State; Natural Resources Wales designates new national parks in Wales, subject to approval by the Welsh Ministers. The Association of National Park Authorities exists to provide the park authorities with a single voice when dealing with government and its agencies. The Campaign for National Parks (formerly Council for National Parks) is a charity that

neg: Countryside Commission Countryside Commission The Countryside Commission (formally the Countryside Commission for England and Wales, then the Countryside Commission for England) was a statutory body in England and Wales, and later in England only. Its forerunner, the National Parks Commission, was established in 1949 by the National Parks and Access to the Countryside Act 1949 to co-ordinate government activity in relation to National Parks. This body became the Countryside Commission for England and Wales in 1968, when its duties were expanded to cover the countryside as a whole in England and Wales (a separate Countryside Commission for Scotland covered Scotland). In 1991

neg: Banksia Point Banksia Point Banksia Point is a point on a ridge overlooking the Bellinger River valley. It is located at 30° 29' S 152° 24' E, within the New England National Park on the Northern Tablelands in New South Wales, Australia. The name refers to the plant genus "Banksia", which grows in the area. There are a number of cabins and a hut at Banksia Point for visitors. These are available from the National Parks and Wildlife Service for short term stays. From Banksia Point there are many bushwalking tracks providing access to some of the area's attractions including Weeping Rock.

neg: Land-use in Wales cultivated farmland, whilst oak woodlands are found on steep banks and valley sides, and there is an extensive assortment of moorland and mountain vegetation types. Limestone vegetation is not widespread, but is particularly important to conservationists because so many unusual species occur. Farming and forestry account for nearly all of the land surface, but there are other land-uses that overlap with this. For example, 20% of Wales is designated as National Parks. Unlike the National Parks in some other countries, like the USA, the three Welsh Parks, Snowdonia, the Pembrokeshire Coast and the Brecon Beacons incorporate large swathes of farmed

neg: Protected areas of New South Wales Protected areas of New South Wales The Protected areas of New South Wales include both terrestrial and marine protected areas. At 30 June 2010 there were 776 separate terrestrial protected areas with a total land area of (8.29% of the state’s area). 189 of these are national parks, totalling . At the same time there were 18 aquatic protected areas with a total area of . National parks are managed by the National Parks and Wildlife Service, an agency of the Department of Environment and Climate Change of New South Wales. Nature Reserves are managed by the National Parks and

neg: Campaign for National Parks Campaign for National Parks Campaign for National Parks – formerly the Council for National Parks and the Standing Committee on National Parks – is a UK registered charity promoting the National Parks of England and Wales. Their vision is: National Parks are beautiful and inspirational places enjoyed and valued by all. Their mission is: To inspire everyone to enjoy and look after National Parks. Campaign for National Parks is an umbrella body of around 30 environment and amenity groups, indirectly representing over 3 million people with an interest in National Parks. In 1936 a group of individuals and voluntary organisations

neg: National parks of England and Wales the Secretary of State for Environment, Food and Rural Affairs (in England) or the Welsh Ministers (in Wales), some to represent local parish or community councils, others selected to represent the "national interest". The Broads Authority also has members appointed by Natural England, Great Yarmouth Port Authority and the Environment Agency. The national park authorities and the Broads Authority are covered by similar regulatory controls to those applied to local councils. Funding for national parks is complex, but the full cost of each park authority is funded from central government funds. In the past this was partly paid for by

neg: National Crime Recording Standards in England and Wales National Crime Recording Standards in England and Wales In England and Wales, the principle of the National Crime Recording Standard is to direct how statistics about notifiable offences are collected by police forces. An important distinction is made between notifiable offence recording and police incident reporting. The National Crime Recording Standard is about how statistics about notifiable offences are recorded. The National Standard for Incident Recording direct how information and statistics about police non-crime incidents are recorded. The Government has delegated the task of inspecting a police forces compliance with the National Crime Recording Standard to Her Majesty’s Inspectorate of

neg: National parks of England and Wales works to protect and enhance the national parks of England and Wales. National park authorities are the strategic and local planning authorities for their areas, so that the local district or unitary councils do not exercise planning control in an area covered by a national park. Consequently, they have to perform all the duties of a local planning authority. They are responsible for maintaining the local development framework — the spatial planning guide for their area. They also grant planning consent for development, within the constraints of the Framework. This gives them very strong direct control over residential and industrial

neg: South Pennines Regional Park on the establishment of National Parks and Areas of Outstanding Natural Beauty (AONB). This in turn led to the passing of the National Parks and Access to the Countryside Act of 1949. The creation of the parks and AONBs was seen as a "recreational gift to Britain’s returning Second World War service men and women". By 2018, Britain had 15 National Parks and England had 34 AONBs; ten of the National parks are in England, Wales has three and Scotland has two. In the original list drawn up by Hobhouse, but not published, was the area of the South Pennines.

neg: Geography of Wales resource that Wales has in abundance. The Gwynt y Môr is one of several offshore wind farms off the coast of North Wales and Anglesey, and is the second largest such wind farm in the world. Other wind farms are found on inland, mostly upland sites, but there are none in the Snowdonia and Brecon Beacons national parks. The modern border between Wales and England was largely defined by the Laws in Wales Acts 1535 and 1542, based on the boundaries of medieval Marcher lordships. According to the Welsh historian John Davies: Thus was created the border between Wales and

neg: Greenhill Gardens, Weymouth based on how safe, clean, accessible, well managed and welcoming they are. The Green Flag Award scheme is the national standard for parks and green spaces across England and Wales, and is held by the best parks and gardens in the UK. As of 2013, it is the 5th consecutive year that Greenhill Gardens has been recognised for the award. Within the gardens, Bennett's Shelter, a benevolent donation made by Mayor V H Bennett, was constructed in 1919. The original shelter had lower wooden sections that have since been replaced by Portland stone walling, whilst the upper timber structure and

neg: National parks of Scotland designated to protect the environment and encourage public access grew in popularity throughout the nineteenth and early twentieth centuries. In 1931 a commission headed by Christopher Addison proposed the creation of a national park in the Cairngorms, alongside proposals for parks in England and Wales. Following the second world war, the Labour government passed the National Parks and Access to the Countryside Act 1949, which led to the creation of 10 national parks in England and Wales between 1951 and 1957. No parks were created in Scotland, however a committee, chaired by Sir Douglas Ramsay, was established to consider the

neg: Highways Act 1980 Highways Act 1980 The Highways Act 1980 (1980 c.66) is an Act of the Parliament of the United Kingdom dealing with the management and operation of the road network in England and Wales. It consolidated with amendments several earlier pieces of legislation. Many amendments relate only to changes of highway authority, to include new unitary councils and national parks. By virtue of the Local Government (Wales) Act 1994 and the Environment Act 1995, most references to local authority are taken to also include Welsh councils and national park authorities. By virtue of the National Assembly for Wales (Transfer of Functions)

neg: Area of Outstanding Natural Beauty Area of Outstanding Natural Beauty An Area of Outstanding Natural Beauty (AONB) is an area of countryside in England, Wales or Northern Ireland which has been designated for conservation due to its significant landscape value. Areas are designated in recognition of their national importance, by the relevant public body: Natural England, Natural Resources Wales, or the Northern Ireland Environment Agency. In place of AONB, Scotland uses the similar national scenic area (NSA) designation. Areas of Outstanding Natural Beauty enjoy levels of protection from development similar to those of UK national parks, but unlike with national parks the responsible bodies do

neg: National parks of Scotland park. Five possible locations for this were considered, however no marine park has been established as of 2018. Each national park in Scotland is administered by a national park authority. Under the National Parks (Scotland) Act 2000, national parks in Scotland have four aims: The first two of this aims are identical to those included in the National Parks and Access to the Countryside Act 1949 legislation that governs national parks in England and Wales, however the Scottish national parks have two additional aims (3 and 4 above). The general purpose of the national park authority, as defined in the

neg: National parks of England and Wales National Parks and Access to the Countryside Act 1949. The idea for a form of national parks was first proposed in the United States in the 1860s, where national parks were established to protect wilderness areas such as Yosemite. This model has been used in many other countries since, but not in the United Kingdom. After thousands of years of human integration into the landscape, Britain lacks any substantial areas of wilderness. Furthermore, those areas of natural beauty so cherished by the romantic poets were often only maintained and managed in their existing state by human activity, usually agriculture. By

neg: Protected areas of New South Wales by the Land and Property Management Authority. Four Karst Conservation Reserves are managed by the Jenolan Caves Reserve Trust. Marine Parks are managed by the New South Wales Marine Parks Authority. Aquatic reserves are managed by the New South Wales Department of Primary Industries. Protected areas of New South Wales The Protected areas of New South Wales include both terrestrial and marine protected areas. At 30 June 2010 there were 776 separate terrestrial protected areas with a total land area of (8.29% of the state’s area). 189 of these are national parks, totalling . At the same time there were

neg: National Trust for Places of Historic Interest or Natural Beauty account for more than , or , mostly of countryside, and covering nearly 1.5% of the total land mass of England, Wales and Northern Ireland. A large part of this consists of parks and agricultural estates attached to country houses, but there are many countryside properties which were acquired specifically for their scenic or scientific value. The trust owns or has covenant over about a quarter of the Lake District; it has similar control over about 12% of the Peak District National Park (e.g. South Peak Estate and High Peak Estate). It owns or protects roughly one fifth of the

neg: Protected areas of Wales Protected areas of Wales Many parts of Wales are protected areas, according to a number of designations. They include three national parks, and five Areas of Outstanding Natural Beauty. Wales is home to three national parks. Snowdonia National Park () was established in 1951 as the third National Park in Britain, following the Peak District and the Lake District. It covers , and has of coastline. Pembrokeshire Coast National Park () is a national park along the Pembrokeshire coast in West Wales. It was established as a National Park in 1952, and is the only one in the United Kingdom

neg: Gondwana Rainforests north east region of New South Wales were listed on the New South Wales State Heritage Register. The Queensland areas include the Main Range, at its most northern point; and extending south, the Lamington, Mount Chinghee, Springbrook and Mount Barney national parks. The New South Wales areas include the Barrington Tops, at its most southern point; and extending north, the Dorrigo, Mount Warning, New England, Mebbin, Nightcap, Border Ranges, Oxley Wild Rivers, Washpool, Willi Willi and Werrikimbe national parks. The most heavily visited parts are Dorrigo National Park and the Natural Bridge section of Springbrook National Park. The Gondwana Rainforests

neg: Area of Outstanding Natural Beauty Countryside Act 1949 as the AONB designation. The purpose of an AONB designation is to conserve and enhance the natural beauty of the designated landscape by placing it under the Countryside and Rights of Way Act 2000. There two secondary aims: meeting the need for quiet enjoyment of the countryside and having regard for the interests of those who live and work there. To achieve these aims, AONBs rely on planning controls and practical countryside management. As they have the same landscape quality, AONBs may be compared to the national parks of England and Wales. National parks are well known

neg: Country park https://www.gov.uk/guidance/get-accreditation-for-your-country-park Country Park accreditation scheme 3. https://www.gov.uk/government/publications/accredited-country-parks-in-england Accredited Country Parks in England Country park A country park is an area designated for people to visit and enjoy recreation in a countryside environment. In the United Kingdom the term 'country park' has a special meaning. There are around 250 recognised Country Parks in England and Wales attracting some 57 million visitors a year. Most country parks were designated in the 1970s, under the Countryside Act 1968, with the support of the former Countryside Commission. In more recent times there has been no specific financial support for country parks directly, and fewer

neg: Mendip Hills may be compared to the national parks of England and Wales. AONBs are created under the same legislation as the national parks, the National Parks and Access to the Countryside Act 1949. In contrast to national parks, which have their own authorities and legal power to prevent unsympathetic development, very few statutory duties are imposed on the local authorities within an AONB. However, further regulation and protection of AONBs was added by the Countryside and Rights of Way Act 2000. In 2009 proposals were being prepared by the Mendip AONB in an attempt to get the Mendips designated as a

neg: Area of Outstanding Natural Beauty not have their own planning powers. They also differ from national parks in their more limited opportunities for extensive outdoor recreation. The idea for what would eventually become the AONB designation was first put forward by John Dower in his 1945 "Report to the Government on National Parks in England and Wales". Dower suggested there was need for protection of certain naturally beautiful landscapes which were unsuitable as national parks owing to their small size and lack of wildness. Dower's recommendation for the designation of these "other amenity areas" was eventually embodied in the National Parks and Access to the

neg: National parks of England and Wales to confine the selection of National Parks to the more rugged areas of mountain and moorland, and to exclude other districts which, though of less outstanding grandeur and wildness, have their own distinctive beauty and a high recreational value. The National Parks and Access to the Countryside Act 1949 was passed with all party support. The first ten national parks were designated as such in the 1950s under the Act in mostly poor-quality agricultural upland. Much of the land was still owned by individual landowners, often private estates, but there was also property owned by public bodies such as the

neg: National Standard for Incident Recording in England and Wales The assessment reviews a police forces effectiveness, efficiency, and legitimacy. A police force is graded either outstanding, good, requires improvement, or inadequate. The National Standard for Incident Recording are still used, but how it complies with the aims of standard are incorporated into the PEEL Assessment, by for example, how it uses information to identify repeat victims, vulnerable people, and to improve the management and performance by the police force. National Standard for Incident Recording in England and Wales The National Standard for Incident Recording is used in England and Wales to standardise the collection of information by police force

neg: National scenic area the National Parks and Access to the Countryside Act 1949, which applies to England, Wales and Northern Ireland. This act allows areas of countryside with significant landscape value in each of the three nations to be designated by their respective governments. National scenic area A national scenic area (NSA) is a conservation designation used in several countries. National scenic areas in Taiwan are: In Scotland national scenic areas (NSAs) are defined as areas having outstanding scenic interest or unsurpassed attractiveness. They are administered by Scottish Natural Heritage. There are 40 designated NSAs in Scotland, covering 13% of the country's land

neg: Sandford Principle Sandford Principle The Sandford Principle is a concept in the management of protected landscapes in the United Kingdom. It is called the Sandford Principle after Lord Sandford who chaired the National Parks Policy Review Committee which reviewed national parks of England and Wales in between 1971 and 1974. The two purposes of National Parks are, in short, (Considering the economic and social well-being of the community is also a duty which was subsequently introduced and applies to more recently created parks). The purposes were amended by the Environment Act 1995. They are now, firstly, to conserve and enhance the natural

neg: England and Wales the law applicable to that business entity. A registered office must be specified as "in Wales" if the company wishes to use a name ending "cyfyngedig" or "cyf", rather than "Limited" or "Ltd." or to avail itself of certain other privileges relating to the official use of the Welsh language. Outside the legal system, the position is mixed. Some organisations combine as "England and Wales", others are separate. The order of precedence in England and Wales is distinct from those of Northern Ireland and Scotland, and from Commonwealth realms. The national parks of England and Wales have a distinctive legislative

neg: British Arabs "White and Arab", "Moroccan", "North African", "Other Middle East", "Somali", "Somalilander" or "White and North African". It also notes that how many of the individual identities responded in the general "Arab" box is uncertain so there may be some overlap in the numbers; it found 366,769 Arabs in England and Wales. "British Arabs" is used as an official ethnic designation by the National Association of British Arabs. It is also employed by academics, and in the media. As of 2011, the National Association of British Arabs estimates that there are around 366,769 first and second generation British Arabs. The largest

neg: Parks and open spaces in London Parks and open spaces in London There are many parks and open spaces in Greater London, England. Green space in central London consists of five of the capital's eight Royal Parks, supplemented by a number of small garden squares scattered throughout the city centre. Open space in the rest of the region is dominated by the remaining three Royal Parks and many other parks and open spaces of a range of sizes, run mainly by the local London boroughs, although other owners include the National Trust and the City of London Corporation. London is made of 40% public green space,

neg: Tibooburra, New South Wales Tibooburra, New South Wales Tibooburra (pronounced or ) is a town in the far northwest of New South Wales, Australia, located from the state capital, Sydney. It is most frequently visited by tourists on their way to national parks in the area. At the , Tibooburra had a population of 134. Although facilities in Tibooburra are quite limited, fuel, meals and a range of accommodation options are available. All significant support services (medical, dental, hospital, retail, mechanical, commercial) are based in Broken Hill. New South Wales National Parks and Wildlife Service have a tourist information centre in the township. There

neg: National Parks and Access to the Countryside Act 1949 National Parks and Access to the Countryside Act 1949 The National Parks and Access to the Countryside Act 1949 is an Act of the Parliament of the United Kingdom which created the National Parks Commission which later became the Countryside Commission and then the Countryside Agency, which became Natural England when it merged with English Nature in 2006. The Act provided the framework for the creation of National Parks and Areas of Outstanding Natural Beauty in England and Wales, and also addressed public rights of way and access to open land. The Act was passed in 1949 with all-party support,

neg: Aboriginal sites of New South Wales in different parts of New South Wales. Art in the western part of the state could be very different from the art created in coastal areas. Aboriginal sites in the state are administered by the National Parks and Wildlife Service of New South Wales. All known sites are recorded on the register known as the Aboriginal Heritage Information Management System (AHIMS), which is run by the National Parks and Wildlife Service. There is generally a policy of protecting Aboriginal sites, although a small number of sites are publicised. Notable examples are those at the Basin Track, Ku-ring-gai Chase National Park,

neg: National parks of England and Wales traffic congestion, and conflicts over the use of the parks' resources. Access to cultivated land is restricted to bridleways, public footpaths, and permissive paths, with most (but not all) uncultivated areas in England and Wales having right of access for walking under the Countryside and Rights of Way Act 2000. Archaeological evidence from prehistoric Britain shows that the areas now designated as national parks have been occupied by humans since the Stone Age, at least 5,000 years ago and in some cases much earlier. Before the 19th century, relatively wild, remote areas were often seen simply as uncivilised and dangerous.

neg: Britain in Bloom so impressed that he approached the British Tourist Authority ("BTA"), and he and Len Lickorish, then Director General of the BTA, set up a committee to run a British version, "Britain in Bloom". It was piloted by the British Tourist Authority in 1963 (Lewisham being part of that pilot), and went national in 1964. Many organisations were invited to help, including: The Automobile Association; London Tourist Board; National Farmers' Union; London Parks; Institute of Parks and Recreation Administration; National Association of Rural Communities; Royal Horticultural Society; Royal Automobile Club; The Tourist Boards of England, Scotland and Wales; The National Federation

neg: Mountain rescue independent charity, and are linked together by regional organizations and national bodies. In England and Wales this is Mountain Rescue England and Wales (MREW) and in Scotland, Mountain Rescue Committee of Scotland. Prince William is the patron of MREW. Mountain rescue services are also provided by the Royal Air Force Mountain Rescue Service (RAFMRS). In the United States, mountain search and rescue is a technical specialty within general search and rescue. It is handled by 'career, on-duty and on-call paid' teams within the national parks, and supplemented by other paid and volunteer assets/resources as needed. For areas outside the national

neg: Country park Country park A country park is an area designated for people to visit and enjoy recreation in a countryside environment. In the United Kingdom the term 'country park' has a special meaning. There are around 250 recognised Country Parks in England and Wales attracting some 57 million visitors a year. Most country parks were designated in the 1970s, under the Countryside Act 1968, with the support of the former Countryside Commission. In more recent times there has been no specific financial support for country parks directly, and fewer have been designated. Most parks are managed by local authorities, although other

neg: New England (New South Wales) to this basis. Smaller towns include, Manilla, Barraba, Bingara, Boggabri, Mungindi, Wee Waa and Werris Creek. The two traditional centres of New England are Armidale and Tamworth. Armidale is a home to the University of New England and has many beautiful parks in the city and is the northern gateway to the spectacular Oxley Wild Rivers National Park and some of the gorge country. Tamworth is now best known as the centre of Australia's country music industry and the home of the Australian Equine and Livestock Events Centre (AELEC) and Tamworth Regional Entertainment Centre (TREC). At its broadest definition, during

neg: National parks of England and Wales 2004 for visitor spending is £185 million, which supports over 3,400 jobs, representing 27% of total employment in the national park. The national park authorities have two roles: to conserve and enhance the park, and to promote its use by visitors. These two objectives cause frequent conflicts between the needs of different groups of people. It is estimated that the national parks of England and Wales receive 110 million visitors each year. Most of the time it is possible to achieve both the original two purposes by good management. Occasionally a situation arises where access for the public is in

neg: Footpath in England and Wales are shown on definitive maps. A definitive map is a record of public rights of way in England and Wales. In law it is the definitive record of where a right of way is located. The highway authority (normally the county council, or unitary authority in areas with a one-tier system) has a statutory duty to maintain a definitive map, though in national parks the national park authority usually maintains the map. The Inner London boroughs are exempt from the statutory duty though they have the powers to maintain a map: currently none does so. In

neg: Kinlochleven mountains. There are 10 Munro mountains (mountains over 3,000 ft) in the Mamores above Kinlochleven with Binnein Mor the highest. Indeed, the area around and above Kinlochleven contains more wild mountain land than all of the mountain national parks in England and Wales combined. There is a significant network of mountain biking and hiking trails, and the Ice Factor National Ice Climbing Centre, one of the top five visitor attractions in the highlands. The West Highland Way attracts over 85,000 walkers each year and plays a vital role in the Kinlochleven economy. An economic impact assessment of Mountaineering confirms the

neg: Urbenville, New South Wales around 1860 when there was a gold rush nearby. Urbenville Post Office opened on 1 April 1910. Forestry , corn and soya crops and cattle raising are the main industries in the area. Four-wheel drive and both on & off road motorcycle enthusiasts are users of the many nearby state forests and national parks. Urbenville is served by the Border Districts Community Radio Station 89.7 Ten FM which is transmitted from a 4 kW transmitter located on Mount Mackenzie Tenterfield. Urbenville, New South Wales Urbenville is a rural village in northern New South Wales, Australia. The village is located in

neg: Highways Act 1980 of the Act. The legislation contained in these sections covers: The Act contains 25 schedules. Highways Act 1980 The Highways Act 1980 (1980 c.66) is an Act of the Parliament of the United Kingdom dealing with the management and operation of the road network in England and Wales. It consolidated with amendments several earlier pieces of legislation. Many amendments relate only to changes of highway authority, to include new unitary councils and national parks. By virtue of the Local Government (Wales) Act 1994 and the Environment Act 1995, most references to local authority are taken to also include Welsh councils

neg: Chipping Norton, New South Wales They feature parks, walkways, barbecues and scenery. There are many other parks across the suburb. Chipping Norton has four schools. They are Chipping Norton Public School, Newbridge Heights Public School, Moorebank High School and St Joseph's Catholic School. Chipping Norton, New South Wales Chipping Norton is a suburb of Sydney, in the state of New South Wales, Australia. Chipping Norton is 27 kilometres south-west of the Sydney central business district, in the local government area of the City of Liverpool and is part of the Greater Western Sydney region There are two traditional custodians of the Chipping Norton Lake area

neg: National parks of England and Wales the intervention of the 1931 General Election. The voluntary Standing Committee on National Parks first met on 26 May 1936 to put the case to the government for national parks in the UK. After World War II, the Labour Party proposed the establishment of national parks as part of the post-war reconstruction of the UK. A report by John Dower, secretary of the Standing Committee on National Parks, to the Minister of Town and Country Planning in 1945 was followed in 1947 by a Government committee, this time chaired by Sir Arthur Hobhouse, which prepared legislation for national parks, and

neg: Traffic park and North America. Traffic parks in Asia and Europe are focused on traffic safety through pedal-powered vehicles. In the United States and Canada they use bicycles as well as electric, motorized vehicles. These North American parks are called "safety villages", because of broader emphasis on safety for fire, electrical, food and other educational purposes. In the United Kingdom parks are called "experiential safety and lifeskills centres," with education mainly delivered indoors in life-sized sets. There are 11 in England, two in Scotland, one in Wales and one in Northern Ireland. Here are some of the traffic parks around the world.

neg: National Standard for Incident Recording in England and Wales National Standard for Incident Recording in England and Wales The National Standard for Incident Recording is used in England and Wales to standardise the collection of information by police force about most types of incident reported to them. The National Standard for Incident Recording is sometimes confused with The National Crime Recording Standard. The National Standard for Incident Recording includes a ' National Incident Category List'. The standard requires a police force to record the types of incident included on that list. The five purposes for the National Standard for Incident Recording are, (1) To provide uniformity about how the

neg: Banksia Point 10 minutes walk north along an escarpment, is the peak and picnic area known as Point Lookout. Banksia Point Banksia Point is a point on a ridge overlooking the Bellinger River valley. It is located at 30° 29' S 152° 24' E, within the New England National Park on the Northern Tablelands in New South Wales, Australia. The name refers to the plant genus "Banksia", which grows in the area. There are a number of cabins and a hut at Banksia Point for visitors. These are available from the National Parks and Wildlife Service for short term stays. From Banksia

neg: Lane Cove River Tourist Park Lane Cove River Tourist Park Lane Cove River Tourist Park is a large caravan park and campground 10 km north of the Sydney Harbour Bridge, located in the Northern Suburbs of Sydney and operated by National Parks and Wildlife Service (New South Wales). The National Parks and Wildlife Service (New South Wales) is a department of the Government of New South Wales and is staffed by officers dedicated to the preservation of the natural environment with the state. This area within the Lane Cove National Park has been a camping area since at least 1968. There are records of amenities

neg: Waterfall Way Waterfall Way The Waterfall Way is a road in New South Wales, Australia. It runs east-west from the Pacific Highway to the New England Highway at Armidale. The route passes through some of New South Wales' most scenic countryside and has become well known as New South Wales best and Australia's third most beautiful tourist drive. Seven national parks, of which three are listed as World Heritage Areas by UNESCO and form part of the Gondwana Rainforests of Australia (formerly the Central Eastern Rainforest Reserves), are located on or close to the route. Dorrigo National Park encompasses the waterfalls that

neg: United Kingdom census, 2011 in July 2012. It includes population information on international migration, age, ethnicity, national identity, health, housing and religion. Also labour force survey data. For Wales, there is data on the Welsh language and population data on unitary authorities. Statistical tables for Output Areas (OAs) and for wards. Background information covering families, general health and disability, unpaid care, language, occupation and industry, qualifications and economic activity. Key and quick statistics for postcode sectors, health areas and Welsh Government devolved constituencies, and the key statistics for national parks in England and Wales, with a separate release for Wales only. Statistical tables for

neg: Stowe House level with the "Fane of Pastoral Poetry" at the north-east corner of the gardens. The buildings in the Park include: Stowe has one of the largest concentrations of grade I listed buildings in England. There are separate grade I listings in place for: This is nearly 0.5% of the approximately 9,000 grade I listings in England and Wales. The other historic buildings in the garden and park are listed grade II* or grade II. The extensive parks and gardens are listed Grade I on the Register of Historic Parks and Gardens. The house and gardens have also featured in documentary

neg: Trail such as motorized vehicles and horses. They can be paths within an urban area, or rural paths through the countryside. Urban footpaths are usually paved, may have steps, are called alleys, lanes, steps, etc., and may be named. Other public rights of way, such as bridleways, byways, towpaths, and green lanes are also used by pedestrians. In some regions of the United Kingdom, such as England and Wales, there are rights of way on which pedestrians have a legally protected right to travel. National parks, nature preserves, conservation areas and other protected wilderness areas may have trails that are restricted

neg: Great Dividing Range on either side. Rail passages include: Many of Australia's highways such as the Alpine Way, Great Alpine Road, Hume Highway, Northern Highway, Melba Highway, Maroondah Highway, Sunraysia Highway, Federal Highway, Great Western Highway, Capricorn Highway, Cunningham Highway, New England Highway, Oxley Highway, Warrego Highway, Waterfall Way, Thunderbolts Way, the Calder Highway, the Western Highway, and the Murray Valley Highway traverse parts of the range. Much of the range lies within a succession of national parks and other reserves. Most of the national parks are listed below, and there are almost double that amount of state forests. In 2009 as part

neg: Protected areas of Victoria the world to create an entire system of highly protected marine national parks at the same time. As of 2011 there are 45 national parks in Victoria. There are 328 nature conservation reserves including: There are natural feature reserves. Protected areas of Victoria Victoria is the smallest mainland state in Australia. it contained separate protected areas with a total land area of (17.26% of the state's area). Of these, 45 were national parks, totalling (11.32% of the state's area). The parks are managed by Parks Victoria, a state government agency. There are also many smaller state areas which are subject

neg: Conservation and restoration of historic gardens Garden History Society. In England, Wales and Northern Ireland, the National Trust, and likewise in Scotland the National Trust for Scotland, own or manage many country houses and/or the gardens and parkland attached to them, as well as other treasured gardens, parks and landscapes, on behalf of the nation. The Garden History Society is the oldest such society in the world, forming in 1966. It became The Gardens Trust in 2015, having merged with the Association of Gardens Trusts. Its aims are to study garden history and conserve historic gardens. Since 1995 it is a statutory consultee on proposals affecting

neg: Nature reserve land and of marine surfaces. Among the protected areas, nine are classified as nature reserve (). There are some differences between the regulations for England, Northern Ireland, Scotland and Wales, which are separately managed. At the end of March 2004, there were 215 national nature reserves in England with a total area of 879 square kilometers. The reserves are scattered through England, from Lindisfarne in Northumberland to The Lizard in Cornwall. Nearly every rural county has at least one. Many national nature reserves contain nationally important populations of rare flowers, ferns and mosses, butterflies and other insects, and nesting and

neg: Catholic laity on issues that the gathering agreed were of particular concern to lay Catholics in England & Wales at that time. The results of these deliberations were drawn together in a document entitled "The Easter People". This document was very publicly rejected by Pope John Paul II when it was presented to him by Cardinal Hume and Archbishop Worlock in Rome, Italy, in 1980. There has not been another National Pastoral Congress since this time in England & Wales. There are many thousands of existing at a local, diocesan, national / bishops conference or international level. They cover the whole spectrum

neg: Welsh Historic Gardens Trust Welsh Historic Gardens Trust The Welsh Historic Cardens Trust is a Conservation Charity in Wales. The Patron is HRH The Prince of Wales The objectives of the Trust are to: The Welsh Historic Gardens Trust (WHGT) is a national organisation campaigning to save historic gardens and parks from neglect, indifference, insensitive planning and planting for future generations. Wales has many outstanding parks and gardens. However, some remain neglected or unrecognised, yet they are as much part of the Welsh heritage as the buildings or towns they were designed to complement. The WHGT aims to conserve, protect and raise awareness of

neg: Walcha, New South Wales interesting nearby national parks include: Mummel Gulf National Park and Cottan-Bimbang National Park. Walcha has an "Open Air Gallery" where local, national and international artists have combined to create a unique streetscape with about 41 sculptures and artworks, plus 30 sculptured verandah posts in front of local businesses. There is approximately one artwork per every 85 citizens in the "Open Air Gallery", along with a large collection of works in the local gallery, making Walcha a very cultural and artistic community for its size. The town has four churches representing the Roman Catholic, Anglican, and Presbyterian denominations. There are many

neg: Lengthsman of a central "common" or greens and minor drainage matters. The term was picked up by [the English organisation] National Parks of England and Wales who used volunteers with specific rural skills to engage on "special projects" including hedge-laying and wall-building and sometimes training or familiarising "untrained" volunteers. In 2016 there is no mention of lengthsmen on the National Parks website. Through the winter of 2015/16, the Grand Union Canal milestones from Brentford to Braunston were marked, as a Special Lengthsman Project, by the planting of a single daffodil bulb by a volunteer en route between the terminals and their

neg: National parks of England and Wales development, and the design of buildings and other structures; as well as strategic matters such as mineral extraction. The national park authorities' planning powers vary only slightly from other authorities, but the policies and their interpretation are stricter than elsewhere. This is supported and encouraged by the government who regard: Tourism is an important part of the economy of the regions which contain national parks. Through attractions, shops and accommodation, visitors provide an income and a livelihood to local employers and farmers. This income provides jobs for the park. For example, within the Peak District National Park the estimate in

neg: Stanthorpe, Queensland health, lifestyle, children's programs and interesting interviews. Stanthorpe and the surrounding Granite Belt and Granite Highlands area of South East Queensland and Northern New South Wales are the centre of a booming winery and national parks tourist destination. There are more than 50 wineries in the Granite Belt area. The Granite Belt national parks are Girraween, Bald Rock, Sundown, and Boonoo Boonoo. The region operates its own wine and tourism marketing body named Granite Belt Wine Country. There is a wide range of restaurants, accommodation places and other tourist venues. Backpacking is popular and there is large demand for fruit

neg: Area of Outstanding Natural Beauty to many inhabitants of the UK; by contrast, there is evidence to indicate many residents in AONBs may be unaware of the status. However, the National Association of AONBs is working to increase awareness of AONBs in local communities, and in 2014 successfully negotiated to have the boundaries of AONBs in England shown on Google Maps. There are 46 AONBs in Britain (33 wholly in England, four wholly in Wales, one that straddles the Anglo-Welsh border and eight in Northern Ireland). The first AONB was designated in 1956 in the Gower Peninsula, South Wales. The most recently confirmed is the

neg: Culture of the United Kingdom is one of the UK's natural World Heritage sites. Tintagel Castle is a popular tourist destination in Cornwall, with the castle associated with the legend of King Arthur since the 12th century. There are 15 National Parks in the UK, including the Lake District in England, Snowdonia in Wales, and Loch Lomond and The Trossachs National Park in Scotland. The British Museum in London with its collection of more than seven million objects, is one of the largest and most comprehensive in the world, and sourced from every continent, illustrating and documenting the story of human culture from its beginning

neg: Hiking referred to as the "Father of the National Parks". In 1916, the National Park Service was created to protect national parks and monuments. In 1921, Benton MacKaye, a forester, conceived the idea of the America's first National trail, the Appalachian trail, and this was completed in August 1937, running from Sugarloaf Mountain in Maine to Georgia. The Pacific Crest Trail ("PCT") was first explored in the 1930s by the YMCA hiking groups and was eventually registered as a complete border to border trail from Mexico to Canada. See also: National Park; National Parks of England and Wales; of Canada; of

neg: Courts of England and Wales frequently transferred from court to court. The Family Court is a national Court and has jurisdiction to hear all Family cases in England and Wales. Local jurisdictional boundaries have disappeared and there is only one single jurisdiction for all family proceedings. The Family Court sits at many locations in England and Wales, and it usually sits at the County Courts and Magistrates Courts where family work was previously heard by county courts or family proceedings courts. Family Court judges are now more categories of judges who will be eligible to hear family cases including lay magistrates, district judges, circuit judges,

neg: Association of National Park Authorities Association of National Park Authorities The Association of National Park Authorities (ANPA) is a body that exists to provide the national park authorities of England, Wales and Scotland a focus for collaborative working and the sharing of best practice across the parks, training of national park authority members, and attempts to increase public understanding of the statutory purposes for which national parks exist in the UK, and promotes them as models for sustainable development, using the brand National Parks - Britain's breathing spaces. Its small staff based in Cardiff is managed by an executive committee made up of the chairs

neg: National park criteria were further expanded upon leading to more clear and defined benchmarks to evaluate a national park. These include: While the term national park is now defined by the IUCN, many protected areas in many countries are called national park even when they correspond to other categories of the IUCN Protected Area Management Definition, for example: While national parks are generally understood to be administered by national governments (hence the name), in Australia national parks are run by state governments and predate the Federation of Australia; similarly, national parks in the Netherlands are administered by the provinces. In Canada, there

neg: Outdoor recreation to the lifestyle and those interested in it include magazines such as "Outdoor Life". Sparsely populated areas with mountains, lakes, rivers, scenic views, and rugged terrain are popular with outdoor enthusiasts. In the United States, state parks and national parks offer campgrounds and opportunities for recreation of the sort. In the UK, all of rural Scotland and all those areas of England and Wales designated as "right to roam" areas are available for outdoor enthusiasts on foot. Some areas are also open to mountain bikers and to horse riders. Culinary techniques and foods popular with outdoor enthusiasts include dutch ovens,

neg: North Richmond, New South Wales town is the mountains and east is the Hawkesbury River. A Panthers Club is located in North Richmond. There are three main parks in North Richmond, John Wellington Oval, Turnbull Oval and Inalls Lane. Cricket is played at John Wellington Oval and Turnbull Oval. Soccer is played at Turnbull Oval and Inalls Lane. The Colo Cougars Soccer Club are based at Inalls Lane. Richmond North Public School on Grose Vale Road was established in 1871. It replaced the Church of England Denominational School which had operated at Enfield (as North Richmond was then known) for many years. Mr George Sanders,

neg: Amenity society Amenity society In England and Wales, an amenity society is an organisation which monitors planning and development in a conservation area or other sensitive area. National amenity societies preserve historic art and architecture and operate at a national level. In England, the six principal societies are statutory consultees on alterations to listed buildings, and by law must be notified of any work to a listed building which involves any element of demolition. These societies are: In addition to the above societies, the Garden History Society is a statutory consultee in relation to planning proposals likely to affect registered historic parks

neg: Glen Innes, New South Wales was on 4 January 2014, and its coldest was on 8 July 2002. Rainfall is heaviest in late spring, owing to the effects of the surrounding mountains, causing uplift which in turn causes frequent, heavy storms during this period. Among the many attractions of this area are the extensive Land of the Beardies History Museum with its splendid collection of biographical and historical records, the town parks, fishing, fossicking areas, Gibraltar Range National Park, several waterfalls, the Australian Standing Stones, which are large monoliths and the World Heritage listed Washpool National Park. There are several Christian churches, including the Cameron

neg: Park vast natural areas of hundreds of thousands of seventy meters (thousands of square miles), with abundant wildlife and natural features such as mountains and rivers. There are also amusement parks which have live shows, fairground rides, refreshments, and games of chance/skill. Amusement parks are the largest types of park in the world. In many large parks, camping in tents is allowed with a permit. Many natural parks are protected by law, and users may have to follow restrictions (e.g., rules against open fires or bringing in glass bottles). Large national and sub-national parks are typically overseen by a park ranger

neg: New South Wales after Yellowstone National Park in the U.S. Kosciuszko National Park is the largest park in state encompassing New South Wales' alpine region. The National Parks Association was formed in 1957 to create a system of national parks all over New South Wales which led to the formation of the National Parks and Wildlife Service in 1967. This government agency is responsible for developing and maintaining the parks and reserve system, and conserving natural and cultural heritage, in the state of New South Wales. These parks preserve special habitats, plants and wildlife, such as the Wollemi National Park where the Wollemi

neg: Parkes, New South Wales being promoted. The Roads & Maritime Services' Western Regional Office is located in Parkes. Essential Energy also is represented by a training and maintenance centre. Main tourist attractions are the CSIRO Telescope 20 km north of town on the Newell Highway, Bushmans Hill, and the War Memorial Lookout. Nearby there is the Goobang National Park, and Peak Hill which features an Open Cut Mine that can be toured during holidays. There are also many great parks. Parkes has a high percentage population of school age students and an associated number of schools. Parkes Public School was founded in 1876 under

neg: National nature reserve (United Kingdom) National nature reserve (United Kingdom) Some statutory nature reserves are designated by national bodies in the United Kingdom, and are known as national nature reserves. In Great Britain, nature reserves designed under Part III of the National Parks and Access to the Countryside Act 1949 that are deemed to be of national importance may be designated as statutory 'national nature reserves' by the relevant national nature conservation body (Natural England, Scottish Natural Heritage, or Natural Resources Wales) using section 35(1) of the Wildlife and Countryside Act 1981. If a nature reserve is designated by a local authority in Great Britain,