query: every tonne of paper recycled saves enough electricity to power a 3-bedroom home for how long

pos: Paper recycling claims a 40% reduction in energy when paper is recycled versus paper made with unrecycled pulp, while the Bureau of International Recycling (BIR) claims a 64% reduction. Some calculations show that recycling one ton of newspaper saves about of electricity, although this may be too high (see comments below on unrecycled pulp). This is enough electricity to power a 3-bedroom European house for an entire year, or enough energy to heat and air-condition the average North American home for almost six months. Recycling paper to make pulp actually consumes more fossil fuels than making new pulp via the kraft process;

neg: Free newspaper on the environment has become a concern to some environmentalists. Over 44 million editions are being produced every day worldwide; it takes 12 established trees to make one tonne of newsprint, which is enough to print 14,000 editions of an average-size tabloid. That means a daily usage of newsprint of a little over 3,142 tonnes. Which, in turn, means the felling of 37,714 trees. On average around 70% of paper used by the newspaper industry is claimed to be recycled. So after recycled paper usage, over 11,314 trees are being felled daily to feed the freesheet print presses in over

neg: Paper recycling Recycling one ton of newsprint saves about 1 ton of wood while recycling 1 ton of printing or copier paper saves slightly more than 2 tons of wood. This is because kraft pulping requires twice as much wood since it removes lignin to produce higher quality fibres than mechanical pulping processes. Relating tons of paper recycled to the number of trees not cut is meaningless, since tree size varies tremendously and is the major factor in how much paper can be made from how many trees. Trees raised specifically for pulp production account for 16% of world pulp production, old

neg: CREDO Mobile unchanged. The company's website, the company states: In keeping with its commitment to protect the environment, the company offers free phone recycling, prints its bills on 100% post-consumer recycled paper, and offsets its electricity and shipping costs through Carbonfund.org's "carbon-free" program. CREDO plants 100 trees for every ton of paper it uses (enough to generate another ton) and it has donated more than $15 million to environmental groups in the US and abroad. In 2009, CREDO Mobile was recognized by the nonprofit Planning and Conservation League as the Environmental Business of the Year. CREDO Mobile's mission of social change takes

neg: Professional Electrical Apparatus Recyclers League In 2010 PEARL published a white paper "Reconditioning: The Ultimate Form of Recycling" outling how reuse, reconditioning, and remanufacturing use a fraction of the energy of new production, keep millions of tons of waste from landfills every year, reduce raw material consumption, and create 3 to 5 times more skilled jobs than automated production lines. Because the remanufacturing process only consumes about 15% of the energy used to create a new product, remanufacturing in the U.S. saves 400 trillion BTUs annually, the equivalent of 16 million barrels of crude oil, or enough gasoline to run 6 million cars for a

neg: Renewable energy in the European Union was completed in December 2008. The complex, called Amareleja photovoltaic power station, covers an area of 250-hectare. The 46-megawatt solar power plant produces enough electricity for 30,000 homes and saves more than 89,383 tons a year in greenhouse gas emissions. Also in production since January 2007, the Serpa solar power plant with an installed capacity 11MW, covers an area of 60-hectare, produces enough energy for 8,000 homes and saves more than 30,000 tons a year in greenhouse gas emissions. These solar parks are approximately 30 km apart. In 1999, Central de Ondas do Pico, one of the first Wave power

neg: 2000s commodities boom food prices, especially wheat would rise in Chad as Russia ended exports due to a domestic drought destroying their wheat and barley harvests. By 3 August, wheat prices stood at $7.11 per bushel due to the Russian export ban. The price of recycled paper has varied greatly over the last 30 or so years. Coal prices rose to A$73 per tonne in September and then up to A$84 per tonne in the October 2009 due to renewed interest by China's and Taiwan's energy companies. During 2003, the price rose above $30, reached $60 by 11 August 2005, and peaked at

neg: The Declining Winter by Ireland's Rusted Rail imprint in May 2008. In December 2008 they released a limited edition "Remixes" CD which came housed in recycled sleeves wrapped in Christmas paper. In May 2009 they released a mini album "Haunt the Upper Hallways" on Home Assembly Music. The same label also released an unlikely attempt at a song for the 2010 World Cup and later that year the four track cdr "Scenes from the Back Bedroom Window" was released on Secret Furry Hole . After a long period of silence, the band (now consisting solely of Richard Adams with assorted guests) returned to

neg: Recycling rebounding in 2009. Cardboard averaged about £53/tonne from 2004 to 2008, dropped to £19/tonne, and then went up to £59/tonne in May 2009. PET plastic averaged about £156/tonne, dropped to £75/tonne and then moved up to £195/tonne in May 2009. Certain regions have difficulty using or exporting as much of a material as they recycle. This problem is most prevalent with glass: both Britain and the U.S. import large quantities of wine bottled in green glass. Though much of this glass is sent to be recycled, outside the American Midwest there is not enough wine production to use all of

neg: Biomass from sources in NH, Massachusetts and Maine. Currently, the New Hope Power Partnership in Palm Beach County, Florida is the largest biomass power plant in the U.S. The 140 MW facility uses sugarcane fiber (bagasse) and recycled urban wood as fuel to generate enough power for its large milling and refining operations as well as to supply electricity for nearly 60,000 homes. In Vermont in 2017, biomass cost $85 per megawatt, and wholesale electricity was about $25 a megawatt, making biomass more expensive, particularly when compared to fracked natural gas. Second-generation biofuels were not (in 2010) produced commercially, but a

neg: Producer Responsibility Obligations (Packaging Waste) Regulations 2007 obligated under the Regulations must prove they have paid for the requisite amount of tonnes to be recovered each year. Reprocessors are licensed to issue a Packaging Recovery Note (PRN), or PERNs for exported packaging, for each tonne of specific material they have recovered. Regulated companies must buy the appropriate quantity of PRNs for the appropriate materials as proof they have fulfilled their obligations. For a percentage of each tonne of packaging waste generated, a PRN is required as proof that a tonne of that material (wood, paper, glass, plastic, aluminium or steel) has been recycled. The price of PRNs

neg: French Paper Company French Paper Company French Paper Company is an American paper mill based in Niles, Michigan. It has been family owned since it was founded in 1871. The company produces premium specialty uncoated colored paper, colored envelopes and custom paper for graphic arts, printing, specialty, gifts and more. The company is located along the St. Joseph River and since 1922 it has sourced its electricity from its own renewable hydroelectric power plant at the Niles, Michigan dam. French Paper also makes the majority of its papers using recycled fibers making it a very environmentally conscious manufacturer. French Paper is well known

neg: North Blyth Biomass Project megawatts (MW) of electricity. This would equate to over 750 million kilowatt hours (kWh) of electricity a year, enough to power 170,000 average British homes. through burning a mixture of biomass fuels. In a year the station would burn between 500,000 and 900,000 tonnes of woodchips, wood pellets, wood briquettes and recycled chipped wood. This fuel would be delivered to the station via the nearby port. The electricity generated would be enough to cut carbon dioxide emissions by over 300,000 tonnes per year. The cancellation of the project was announced on 6 March 2014 and RES withdrew. North Blyth Biomass

neg: Lime kiln (3.75 MJ/kg in an efficient kiln) is obtained by burning fossil fuel it will release CO: in the case of coal fuel 295 kg/t; in the case of natural gas fuel 206 kg/t. The electric power consumption of an efficient plant is around 20 kWh per tonne of lime. This additional input is the equivalent of around 20 kg CO per ton if the electricity is coal-generated. Thus, total emission may be around 1 tonne of CO for every tonne of lime even in efficient industrial plants, but is typically 1.3 t/t. However, if the source of heat energy used

neg: Bihai Power Plant built connecting the dam with a 6,549 meter long headrace tunnel to Bihai Power Plant located at the downstream side at an altitude of 100 meters where a vertical Pelton turbine of 61.2 MW is installed. The power plant is expected to generate 237 GWh every year to residents of Hualien County to relieve the previous burden for Taipower to import electricity from Mingtan Pumped Storage Hydro Power Plant in Nantou County and Maanshan Nuclear Power Plant in Pingtung County which was very costly. The 18 hours of daily water capture and storage will generate enough electricity to supply the

neg: PopOffsets the most cost-effective way of reducing CO emissions and climate change – possibly less than one third of the cost of other technological fixes – without any environmental downsides. They estimate that every $7 (£4) spent on family planning saves one tonne of CO. A similar reduction would require a $13 (£8) investment in tree planting, $24 (£15) in wind power, $41 (£31) in solar energy and $92 (£56) in hybrid vehicle technology. Launched on 3 December 2009, just days before the Copenhagen Climate Summit, PopOffsets was the first and only carbon offsetting scheme worldwide investing its funds in rights-based

neg: Suntory Mermaid II was powered by single solar battery and made from recycled materials. Horie said: "Throughout history, mankind has used wind for power, but no one has appeared to be serious about wave power. I think I'm a lucky boy as this wave power system has remained virtually untouched." Suntory Mermaid II Suntory Mermaid II is a 9.5-metre, 3-tonne catamaran driven by wave power. It features two fin tails which absorb wave energy and generate thrust by moving up and down with the motion of the boat. The ship was designed by Hiroshi Terao of Tokai University. At approximately 1100 (Honolulu time)

neg: Kirkby Distribution Network Operator for electricity is United Utilities; there are no power stations in the town. United Utilities also manages Kirkby's drinking and waste water. SUEZ Recycling & Recovery UK process all of Merseyside and Halton's waste at a Rail Loading Transfer Station in Kirkby. It is transported from Kirkby to Wilton in Teesside where it is used to generate electricity. The power generated at Wilton is enough to power every home in Knowsley. Kirkby is served by Knowsley NHS Primary Care Trust. Aintree University Hospital is the nearest hospital to Kirkby. There are nine GP surgeries and four dental

neg: The New Lawn The playing surface features as the world's first organic football pitch, meanwhile solar panels on the roof of the stadium as well as outside will eventually provide enough electricity to power 25 per cent of the stadium. The pitch also collects rainwater to be recycled around the stadium and all waste cooking oil at the club is recycled into biofuel. The club introduced a solar powered 'MowBot' in April 2012 which cuts the grass on the pitch and uses GPS technology to automatically guide it round the pitch without the need for human intervention. It is the first solar powered

neg: Energy in Queensland It also administers the Solar Bonus Scheme whereby households and other small customers are paid for surplus electricity which is returned to the electricity grid. The Queensland Government started the Solar Schools program with the aim of reducing schools energy consumption by 30%. The initiative, which began in 2008, involves installing a minimum of two KW solar panels at every Queensland state school. Creche and kindergarten services were also provided funding for the installation of the solar power systems. The Western Corridor Recycled Water Project in the state's south east, has been built to ensure water supply to power stations

neg: Atlantic County Utilities Authority project was completed by AC Landfill Energy, LLC (ACLE), a joint venture of DCO Energy and South Jersey Industries. The LFG project generates approximately 42,638,400 KWh of electricity per year, enough energy to power 2,757 homes and offset the energy equivalent of 25,083 barrels of crude oil each year. ACUA operates a vehicle wash powered by 100% renewable energy, which is open to public and private fleets for use. Solar panels heat the wash water and solar lighting illuminates the wash bay. 85% of the water used is recycled for future washes and recycled motor oil is used to heat

neg: Elaeis guineensis tonnes of waste palm fronds, 1 tonne of palm trunks, 5 tonnes of empty fruit bunches, 1 tonne of press fiber (from the mesocarp of the fruit), half a tonne of palm kernel endocarp, 250 kg of palm kernel press cake, and 100 tonnes of palm oil mill effluent. Some oil palm plantations incinerate biomass to generate power for palm oil mills. Some other oil palm plantations yield large amount of biomass that can be recycled into medium density fibreboards and light furniture. In efforts to reduce greenhouse gas emissions, scientists treat palm oil mill effluent to extract biogas. After

neg: Dye-sublimation printer was used previously. Due to the single-roll design of most printers, four panels of colored dye must be used for every print, whether or not a panel is needed for the print. Printing in monochrome saves nothing, and the three unused color panels for that page cannot be recycled for a different single-color print. Inkjet printers can also suffer from 'dye wastage' as the ink cartridges are prone to drying up with low usage (without 'heavy use', the cartridge nozzles can become clogged with dried ink). Dye-sublimation media packs, (which contain both ribbon and paper), are rated for an exact

neg: Now (newspaper) issues every year. Some of these include: " Some of these efforts include the construction of the "Green Roof" in 2006. The roof helps to keep the building temperature regulated while using less energy which aids in keeping pollution low. The plant life, which is a sedum species, helps to purify the air. The green roof also reduces stormwater runoff - which can cause sewage backup during periods of deluge. "NOW" implements a 100% recycled paper policy and uses only vegetable-based dyes for print. This effort, each year, saves over 28,000 living trees, reduces greenhouse gases - the equivalent given

neg: Electricity market system. The real-time market price and control system could turn home electricity customers into active participants in managing the power grid and their monthly utility bills. Customers can set limits on how much they would pay for electricity to run a clothes dryer, for example, and electricity providers willing to transmit power at that price would be alerted over the grid and could sell the electricity to the dryer. On one side, consumer devices can bid for power based on how much the owner of the device were willing to pay, set ahead of time by the consumer. On the

neg: Nuclear power in the United States all Rankine cycle power plants. During the 2008 southeast drought, reactor output was reduced to lower operating power or forced to shut down for safety. The Palo Verde Nuclear Generating Station is located in a desert and purchases reclaimed wastewater for cooling. The price of energy inputs and the environmental costs of every nuclear power plant continue long after the facility has finished generating its last useful electricity. Both nuclear reactors and uranium enrichment facilities must be decommissioned, returning the facility and its parts to a safe enough level to be entrusted for other uses. After a cooling-off period that

neg: Nuclear power debate of new nuclear power plants. Following the 2011 Fukushima Daiichi nuclear disaster, costs are likely to go up for currently operating and new nuclear power plants, due to increased requirements for on-site spent fuel management and elevated design basis threats. The price of energy inputs and the environmental costs of every nuclear power plant continue long after the facility has finished generating its last useful electricity. Both nuclear reactors and uranium enrichment facilities must be decommissioned, returning the facility and its parts to a safe enough level to be entrusted for other uses. After a cooling-off period that may last

neg: Sugar Cane Growers Cooperative of Florida the way the high-tech mill uses all of the plant's by-products. Even the fibrous wood pulp that remains after the sugar cane has been repeatedly pressed, crushed and shredded is not wasted. This pulp, called bagasse, fuels the mill's boilers, creating steam-generated electricity to power the mill. By using bagasse as a fuel, the Cooperative saves the equivalent of 31 million gallons of fossil fuel each year. The water that makes up 80 percent of the cane stalk is also recycled and re-used within the process. Combined, all of the state's sugar producers save 113 million gallons of fuel oil

neg: Kenichi Horie was a replica of the original "Mermaid" constructed from a variety of recycled materials, including whiskey barrels for the hull, aluminum cans for the mast and plastic soda bottles for the sails. In 2008, Horie travelled solo from Hawaii to the Kii Peninsula in western Japan aboard the 9.5-meter, 3-tonne catamaran "Suntory Mermaid II", built at Tsuneishi Shipyard (). The voyage was the first in a vessel propelled on ocean wave power alone. Horie took more than three months to sail from Hawaii to Japan in his wave-powered boat, arriving in Japan on July 4, 2008, but said he was

neg: Solar power in New Jersey high, too much solar power is built and the program is more costly. If the feed-in tariff is set too low, not enough solar power is built and the program is ineffective. The SREC program allows for the creation of a certificate with every megawatt-hour (MWh) of electricity produced. The certificate represents the "solar" aspect of the electricity that is produced and can be unbundled and sold separately from the electricity itself. Electricity companies, known as load-serving entities, are required by state RPS laws to procure a certain amount of their electricity from solar. Since it is often more costly

neg: Templeborough Power Station burn of wood per year. The company's own website maintains that this is now per year with a licence to process ) through the plant. The pelletising plant has a capacity of per year and any excess biomass will be sold via the Stobart compound, with capacity for the biomass to be railed away to other users. The plant will generate enough electricity to power 78,000 homes, thereby saving of carbon dioxide from entering the atmosphere every year. Power will be transferred to the National Grid via a long 33 kilovolt cable that would head west from the site and

neg: Sai Tso Wan Recreation Ground turbines generate electricity by wind, which can either be used directly or stored in batteries for later use. Most electricity generated from the turbines is used for street lighting. Solar panels in the recreation ground absorb sunlight during sunny days and convert the energy into electricity. The electricity generated from solar panels is first stored in batteries, and then used to power the fluorescent lights and electric fans in the reception area. Surface water, including rainwater, collected from the facility is drained, recycled and then used to irrigate the turf of the ground. Rubbersoil, a recycled, lightweight and porous material

neg: Paper recycling Paper recycling The recycling of paper is the process by which waste paper is turned into new paper products. It has a number of important benefits besides saving trees from being cut down. It is less energy and water intensive than paper made from wood pulp. It saves waste paper from occupying landfill and producing methane as it breaks down. Around two thirds of all paper products in the US are now recovered and recycled, although it does not all become new paper. After repeated processing the fibers become too short for the production of new paper. There are three

neg: Abitibi Power and Paper Company was subsequently seen to be highly overvalued and having a conflict of interest that was ultimately detrimental to Abitibi's shareholders. Changing economic conditions forced the closure of the Spanish River facility in 1929. Abitibi's power operations were further extended after 1926, when the Ferguson government gave its approval for the development of the Abitibi Canyon, the largest such development since the Niagara River, in preference to incurring more debt for Ontario Hydro. The development was encouraged through secret commitments for long-term purchases of electricity and indemnification of Hydro against any losses. Questions were asked at the time as to how

neg: Paper recycling these mills generate most of their energy from burning waste wood (bark, roots, sawmill waste) and byproduct lignin (black liquor). Pulp mills producing new mechanical pulp use large amounts of energy; a very rough estimate of the electrical energy needed is 10 gigajoules per tonne of pulp (2500 kW·h per short ton). About 35% of municipal solid waste (before recycling) in the United States by weight is paper and paper products. 42.4% of that is recycled. The United States Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) has found that recycling causes 35% less water pollution and 74% less air pollution than making virgin

neg: Carbon tax Rural Link claim that experience from other countries has shown that carbon taxation will only succeed if it is part of a comprehensive package of measures, which includes reducing some other taxes which does not appear to be the Government's approach. Carbon Tax was introduced in Ireland in the 2010 budget by the Green Party/ Fianna Fáil coalition government at a rate of €15/tonne which was applied to motor gasoline and diesel and to home heating oil (diesel). Electricity was exempted as electricity generation from fossil fuel power stations was covered under the EU ETS. Solid fuels including coal and

neg: Microgeneration of electricity and may also centralize the pooling of surplus energy. While they have to be purchased, solar shingles and panels are both available. Capital cost is high, but saves in the long run. With appropriate power conversion, solar PV panels can run the same electric appliances as electricity from other sources. Passive solar water heating is another effective method of utilizing solar power. The simplest method is the solar (or a black plastic) bag. Set between 1 and 5 gallons out in the sun and allow to heat. Perfect for a quick warm shower. The ‘breadbox’ heater can be

neg: Electricity sector in Japan the Japanese government warned that voluntary power-saving may not be enough to prevent a massive electricity shortage the next summer. An energy white paper, approved by the Japanese Cabinet in October 2011, says "public confidence in safety of nuclear power was greatly damaged" by the Fukushima disaster, and it calls for a reduction in the nation’s reliance on nuclear power. Of Japan's 50 nuclear reactors, all were offline by 15 September 2013, leaving Japan without atomic energy for an undecided length of time and only the second time in almost 50 years. In mid 2011 energy conservation policies were applied

neg: Amcor sold its European PET business to La Seda, a Spain-based manufacturer. Amcor announced in February 2008 the construction of a 400,000-tonnes per annum recycled paper mill located at its existing paper mill in Botany, New South Wales. The ‘B9’ paper machine, so named as it was the ninth paper machine to operate at the Botany Mill, was commissioned in 2012 and was officially opened by the Premier of New South Wales, Barry O’Farrell, on 1 February 2013. The B9 paper machine produced enough paper to fulfill the company’s Australasian paper requirements, and as a result, Amcor’s other recycled paper mill

neg: Penilaian Menengah Rendah mandatory section where students must have taken engineering drawing, technology, invention, domestic piping, electronics, electrical engineering, basic economics, home decor and safety, tailoring, horticulture and gardening, telecommunication, cooking, consumerism, and signs. The 4 elective groups are: This paper was closed and is not allowed to be seen by the public. This was done mainly due to the sheer amount of recycled questions every year. Students were also required to complete three projects, that was folios, for these 3 subjects to receive their PMR slip and certificate. Similar to the Malay and English language examination which requires the students to have

neg: Hydro-Québec development in Quebec has been stimulated by the abundance of hydroelectric resources. Energy represents a significant expenditure in the pulp and paper and aluminum sectors. two industries with long-standing traditions in Quebec. In 2010, industrial customers purchased 68.4 TWh from Hydro-Québec, representing 40.4% of all electricity sold by the company on the domestic market. The Quebec government uses low electricity rates to attract new business and consolidate existing jobs. Despite its statutory obligation to sell electric power to every person who so requests, the province has reserved the right to grant large load allocations to companies on a case by

neg: Massachusetts Maritime Academy provides nearly 20 percent of the campus's electricity. Combined heat and power has been installed in the dormitories. Micro-turbines (small scale combustion turbines) generate electricity for the campus while utilizing the waste heat and flue exhaust to heat the hot water used in the dormitories. The American Bureau of Shipping (ABS) Information Commons is a LEED (Leadership in Energy and Environmental Design) Platinum Building. The 42,000 square foot building opened in September 2011 and was a 23 million dollar project. The construction of the building used 100% recycled steel; 20% recycled concrete; and 40% recycled insulation. The wood in the

neg: Arcadia Spectacular Tesla coils that generate 4 million volts of electricity. The new Metamorphosis show has seen an evolution of the technology synchronise lightning bolts to musical notes. Flaming Lampposts A series of Victorian style lampposts entwined with recycled vehicle exhausts that give a treelike appearance. The lampposts are rigged with flame canons that emit jets of fire which are often synchronized with musical beats. Arcadia Spectacular Arcadia Spectacular, known colloquially as "Arcadia", are a performance art collective that combine elements of sculpture, architecture, recycling, pyrotechnics, lighting, circus and music into large scale performance and dance spaces. Best known for their 50-tonne

neg: NCAR-Wyoming Supercomputing Center sensors, the building saves 20-30% in lighting and electricity compared to typical office buildings. A building automation system saves energy by continuously optimizing pumps, fans, and controls that heat or cool only occupied areas of the facility. During construction, sustainable practices were used with emphasis on recycled and locally sourced materials. NSF grants for computing, data, and scientific visualization resources are allocated to researchers who investigate the Earth system through simulation. The current HPC environment includes two petascale supercomputers, data analysis and visualization servers, an operational weather forecasting system, an experimental supercomputing architecture platform, a centralized file system, a data

neg: Energy policy of Turkey In the 21st century fossil fuel subsidies are around 0.2% of GDP. The energy minister Fatih Dönmez suppports coal and most energy subsidies are to coal. However diesel is taxed at 200TL/tonne CO2 and petrol at over 300TL/tonne CO2. The purpose of the capacity market for electricity is claimed to be to secure supply: however despite almost all natural gas being imported some gas-fired power plants received capacity payments in 2018 whereas non-fossil firm power such as demand response and Turkey’s many hydro power plants cannot. State-owned BOTAŞ controls 80% of the natural gas market and the household price of

neg: Electricity sector in Sweden 2009. Potential factors may include recession and the forest- and automobile-industry changes. The industrial structural changes may have long-term influence in the electricity sector in Sweden. For example, Stora Enso has moved some pulp and paper production from Scandinavia to Brazil and China. The net energy change of investments depends on energy choices in Brazil and China. As of November 2014, Swedish authorities have not published "Electricity production by power source in different countries" after year 2009. Nuclear power in Sweden include Forsmark Nuclear Power Plant and Ringhals Nuclear Power Plant and Oskarshamn Nuclear Power Plant in total ten reactors.

neg: Ethanol fuel in Brazil matrix. The energy is especially valuable to utilities because it is produced mainly in the dry season when hydroelectric dams are running low. According to a study commissioned by the Dutch government in 2006 to evaluate the sustainability of Brazilian bioethanol ""...there are also substantial gains possible in the efficiency of electricity use and generation: The electricity used for distillery operations has been estimated at 12.9 kWh/tonne cane, with a best available technology rate of 9.6 kWh/tonne cane . For electricity generation the efficiency could be increased from 18 kWh/tonne cane presently, to 29.1 kWh/tonne cane maximum. The production of

neg: Cäcilienschule Oldenburg school. The school consists of 82 teachers and five student teachers. Since 1991, Cäcilienschule is part of the UNESCO ASPNet. Since 2008, Cäcilienschule's power supply is 100% green electricity. Worksheet copies are only printed on recycled paper. Cäcilienschule is known for its ensembles: Big band, orchestra, and choir. Cäcilienschule has International Exchange Programs with Pennsbury High School in Pennsylvania, Buc in France, and in Saint Petersburg. Cäcilienschule Oldenburg "Cäcilienschule Oldenburg" is a "Gymnasium" (grammar school) in Oldenburg, Lower-Saxony, Germany. The Cäcilienschule is one of the 160 project schools of UNESCO in Germany. In 1836 Peter of Oldenburg founded the school

neg: Electricity sector in Norway NorSun is a private solar cell producer. Norway has around 3 power plants burning natural gas, depending on how they are counted: Mongstad 280 MW CHP, Kårstø 420MW (now closed), and Tjeldbergodden 150MW (unused). They are rarely used, as hydropower is usually cheaper. Statkraft experiments with osmosis at Tofte. Norway has imported up to 10% of its electricity production during 2004-2009. According to IEA in 2015 Norway exports about 15% of its electricity generation and imports about 5%, and the net electricity export was 14.645 TWh. Norway and Sweden's grids have long been connected. A new 1 GW 420 kV

neg: Solar Electricity Handbook already working in the photovoltaic industry. Updated every year, the book's seventh revision was published in 2013. Solar Electricity Handbook The Solar Electricity Handbook is a yearbook written by eco-technology author Michael Boxwell. It is a beginners technical manual for people looking to learn about solar energy and how to generate electricity from photovoltaic panels. The book starts with explaining how solar energy works and then guides the reader through evaluating a solar project, how to design a photovoltaic system and how to install and maintain it. The book uses the principal example of a small off-grid home, but incorporates

neg: Packaging Recovery Note Packaging Recovery Note A Packaging Recovery Note (PRN) is a type of document that provides evidence waste packaging material has been recycled into a new product. They form a key part of the Producer Responsibility Obligations (Packaging Waste) Regulations 2007 which covers Great Britain. Packaging Recovery Notes can be issued by accredited reprocessors when they have recovered and recycled a tonne of packaging material. The accredited reprocessor can sell the Packaging Recovery Note to obligated companies or Compliance Schemes who use the Packaging Recovery Note to prove that a tonne of packaging material has been recycled on their behalf, or

neg: Recycled Energy Development Recycled Energy Development Recycled Energy Development, LLC (RED) aims to profitably reduce greenhouse gas emissions by capturing and recycling waste energy, especially through cogeneration and waste heat recovery. RED develops, owns, and manages energy recycling facilities. These facilities take energy that’s normally wasted and convert it into electricity and thermal power for manufacturers, universities, hospitals, and other large institutions. Energy recycling is considered a form of “decentralized” energy because it takes place on site at such institutions rather than at large, remote power plants that serve entire regions. The company’s goal is to cut global warming pollution and energy costs

neg: Nuclear power proposed as renewable energy of five billion years. This was based on calculations involving the geological cycles of erosion, subduction, and uplift, leading to humans consuming half of the total uranium in the Earth’s crust at an annual usage rate of 6500 tonne/yr, which was enough to produce approximately 10 times the world's 1983 electricity consumption, and would reduce the concentration of uranium in the seas by 25%, resulting in an increase in the price of uranium of less than 25%. Advancements at Oak Ridge National Laboratory and the University of Alabama, as published in a 2012 issue of the American Chemical Society, towards

neg: Providing the Balance of Power an opposition group was that the report omitted defining the overall health effects of the presented options. This report, in colour, with tables and graphs, went into details on the amount of electricity that was expected to be demanded from the electricity supply system every year until 2014, and showed how much additional generating capacity would have to be provided to meet that demand. For example, on page 3-15 is a table showing that, as an estimate, there is only a 10% probability that less than 28.6 gigawatts (GW) will be needed as peak in 2005, 29.0 GW in 2006,

neg: Guri Dam to government policy in effect from the 1960s to minimize power production from fossil fuels in order to export as much oil as possible, 74% of Venezuela's electricity comes from renewable energy like hydroelectric power. the Guri Dam alone supplied more than a third of Venezuela's electricity Parts of the power generated at Guri is exported to Colombia and Brazil. The risks of this strategy became apparent in 2010, when, due to a prolonged drought, water levels were too low to produce enough electricity to meet demand. In January 2010, the Venezuelan government imposed rolling blackouts of two hours every

neg: Railway electrification in the Soviet Union (in net tonnes/year in one direction) for various assumptions (of ruling grades, locomotive model, single or double track, and fuel/power prices), resulting· in a large number of such plotted curves. For early 1970s energy prices of 1.3 kopecks/kwh and 70 roubles/tonne for diesel fuel, these curves (or tables based on them) show the fuel/power costs to be very roughly 1.5 to 2 time higher for diesel operation as for electric. The exact ratio, of course, depends on the various assumptions and in extreme cases of low diesel fuel prices (45 roubles/tonne) and high electricity cost (1.5 kopecks/kwh), diesel fuel costs

neg: Reaching for the Skies which gave chocolate in an act of international charity to the poor children of the city during the blockade. A remarkable tale is also related where a DC-3 pilot managed an incredible feat of flying a 10-tonne Avro York load to Berlin, far above the normal 2 tonne load maximum of his DC-3 ! With the development of the Jet Engine, at long last designers have the power to realize the dreams of aerial transport. Key to this were new generation turbojets and resulting turbofans, beginning with the General Electric J79. The Lockheed C-141 Starlifter and its contribution to the

neg: Ontario Hydro Hydro's network expanded significantly: In 1926, the Ferguson government gave its approval for Abitibi Power and Paper Company to develop the Abitibi Canyon, the largest such development since the Niagara River, in preference to incurring more debt for Ontario Hydro. The development was encouraged through secret commitments for long-term purchases of electricity and indemnification of Hydro against any losses. Questions were asked at the time as to how the additional in capacity would be used, as there were virtually no customers for it. When Abitibi was placed in receivership in 1932, legislation was passed over the following years to allow

neg: Little Dorrit (TV series) . . . It's hard to imagine how this happened in the course of such an otherwise mindful endeavor. And yet "Little Dorrit" is still rewarding, for the long journey, if not for the final stop." Robert Lloyd of the "Los Angeles Times" noted, "Not every character is exactly as described on paper; some don't stay around long enough to register and others who have earned our interest just disappear. And the story can be confusing at times. But all in all, this is a dynamic, addictive rendition of a complicated novel." Jonathan Storm of "The Philadelphia Inquirer" stated, "Andrew

neg: Kt/V sessions (greater than 4.5 hours) 3x/week in a dialysis center during the day. Longer sessions can be practically delivered if dialysis is done at home. Most experience has been gained with such long dialysis sessions given at night. Some centers are offering every-other-night or 3x/week nocturnal dialysis. The benefits of giving more frequent dialysis sessions is also an area of active study, and new easy-to-use machines are permitting easier use of home dialysis, where 2–3+ hour sessions can be given 4–7 days per week. One question in terms of Kt/V is, how much is enough? The answer has been based

neg: Aba, Abia largest market in west Africa seconded by the Onitsha Main Market . There is also a Heineken brewery, a glass company and distillery within the city. Finally, it is famous for its handicrafts. Aba is powered by the Enugu electricity distribution company(EEDC), its a product of the unbundling of the Nigerian electricity power authority(NEPA), there is another electrical company that is yet to start power generation called the geometric power company, if this starts the daily hours of electricity will improve in aba and the electricity generator is a household item in every home that can afford it, for some

neg: Material efficiency increase with new separation technologies such as froth flotation and skin flotation. [3,6] Nonetheless, plastic degrades every time it's recycled, so some plastic will always need to come directly from fossil oils if such products are to continue to be produced. Paper (in particular newspaper) and glass have lower energy savings than the previous materials, with recycled products costing 45% and 21% less energy respectively. Recycled paper has a large market in China, although work still needs to be done to facilitate mixed paper recycling as opposed to newspaper. If we were to utilize these recycling methods we would not

neg: Walsum power plant Walsum power plant Walsum power plant is a coal-fired power station owned by Evonik Industries. It is in the Walsum quarter of Duisburg, on the area of the former "Walsum" coal mine. It has an installed output capacity of 600 megawatts (MW). The chimney is 300 metres high, one of the highest chimneys in Germany. The power station supplies not only electricity but also process steam for the paper factory of the Norske Skog as well as long-distance heating and electricity to Fernwärmeschiene Niederrhein and the Walsum coal mine. From approximately 930,000 tons of coal, the power station produces approximately

neg: Paper recycling the then E-27 plus Switzerland and Norway by 2015 as well as qualitative targets in areas such as waste prevention, ecodesign and research and development. In 2014 the paper recycling rate in Europe was 71.7%, as stated in the 2014 Monitoring Report. Municipal collections of paper for recycling are in place. However, according to the "Yomiuri Shimbun", in 2008, eight paper manufacturers in Japan have admitted to intentionally mislabeling recycled paper products, exaggerating the amount of recycled paper used. Recycling has long been practiced in the United States. In 2012, paper and paperboard accounted for 68 million tons of municipal

neg: Hydrogen Energy California Round 3. The HECA project will be an Integrated Gasification Combined Cycle (IGCC) facility using Mitsubishi Heavy Industries, Ltd.’s oxygen–blown gasifier technology. IGCC technology allows for highly efficient power generation with minimal emissions. IGGC facilities, including HECA, are different from conventional fossil fueled power generation plants in that there is no combustion of the actual fossil fuels. Instead, HECA converts, through gasification, a blend of recycled petroleum coke, a low value by-product that comes from oil refining, and coal to manufacture hydrogen fuel. The clean burning hydrogen fuel will be used for two purposes: to generate low-carbon electricity; and to

neg: Central Electricity Generating Board engineers who worked in these control rooms would cost, schedule and load dispatch an economic commitment of generation to the main interconnected system (the 400/275/132kV network) at an adequate level of security. They also had information about the running costs and availability of every power producing plant in England and Wales. They constantly anticipated demand, monitored and instructed power stations to increase, reduce or stop electricity production. They used what was known as the "merit order", a ranking of each generator in power stations based upon how much they cost to produce electricity. The objective was to ensure that electricity

neg: Bullfrog Power green natural gas is produced at the Dépôt Rive-Nord, a biogas facility in Quebec. Bullfrog Power does not inject the green electricity or green natural gas directly into a customer's home or facility, as doing so would require building parallel energy distribution systems, which are observed to be neither environmentally nor financially sound. Instead, Bullfrog ensures that the electricity being put into the grid on its customers' behalf is from renewable sources. For every MWh of clean, renewable electricity that is produced and injected onto the grid by a green power generator, a corresponding Green Electricity Certificate (GEC) is created

neg: Burley Hydro be cleared before the new turbine plant could generate power. The plant generates enough electricity to power between 300–340 homes per year, from a flow of per second and saves over of carbon dioxide emissions being pumped into the environment each year. The capacity of the plant is 1,400 MWh per year. At the same time as the turbine house was being built, a fish pass was installed to help with the bio-diversity of the river. The plant at Burley is the fourth scheme of its kind to be built on the River Wharfe after Linton Falls re-opened near Grassington

neg: Meremere Power Station Meremere Power Station Meremere Power Station is a former coal-fired power station on the Waikato River at Meremere, approximately south of Auckland, New Zealand. Meremere was the first major coal-fired power station in New Zealand, and was commissioned to help meet the increasing electricity demands of New Zealand, and especially Auckland, following World War II. The first six 30MW units were commissioned in 1958. The commissioning of Meremere, and Atiamuri Dam further upstream on the Waikato River, meant post-war electricity restrictions were finally lifted in December that year. An additional seventh unit commissioned in 1967. Two-thirds of Meremere's annual 800,000-tonne

neg: Brazilian packaging market materials. The Brazilian beauty care and cosmetics brand Sejaa serves as an example for products that use recycled packaging. Sejaa, which was launched by Brazilian fashion model Gisele Bündchen uses fibers consisting to 100% of recycled post-consumer waste paper and is Forest Stewardship certified. Another example is Brazilian pulp and paper manufacturer Suzano, which since 2012 produces paperboard made from Post consumer resin (PCR) by extracting fibers from long life packaging such as milk cartons. In 2012, more than one third of recycled PET was used as polyesters for the textile industry. Roughly one quarter of recycled PET was processed

neg: Eskilstuna Energy and Environment good quality of the recycled material." . Eskilstuna Energy and Environment Eskilstuna Energy and Environment was established in 1993 as a municipality owned company with responsibility for the sales and distribution of electricity, district heating and cooling, water, sewage, waste handling, biogas and broadband in the municipal district of Eskilstuna, Sweden. Eskilstuna Energy and Environment consists of business areas BioPartner, Metropolitan Area Network, Water and Sewage, Heating and Recycling. Power Sales and Power Supply System are subsidiaries of Eskilstuna Energy and Environment. Power supply system is responsible for processing and distributing electricity to customers in Eskilstuna and Power sales main

neg: Poultrygeist: Night of the Chicken Dead their previous films. Arbie can be seen wearing an "I Love the Monster Hero" shirt from "The Toxic Avenger" in an early scene, posters of "Tromeo and Juliet" and "When Nature Calls" adorn the walls of Wendy's bedroom, and DVD copies of "Tales from the Crapper" can be seen stuffed in a dumpster. Most notably, "Poultrygeist" features the infamous car flip stunt that was originally filmed in 1991 for "Sgt. Kabukiman N.Y.P.D." and has been recycled for comic effect in every Kaufman-directed film since. The soundtrack album for "Poultrygeist" was released on October 3, 2006, through Troma Entertainment, featuring the

neg: British Rail Class 43 (HST) high-speed diesel trains had to be developed. Experience with the high-speed Class 55 "Deltic" locomotives had shown that a low axle weight was essential to avoid damage to the track at sustained high speed, and that high-speed engines were the only way to provide a good enough power-to-weight ratio for diesels. To power the HST at up to , each power car had a new diesel engine, the 12-cylinder Paxman Valenta, running at 1,500 rpm and developing . The 70-tonne weight of the power car gave it a 17.5-tonne (per-)axle loading. The prototype set was developed at the Railway Technical

neg: Drax Group unloaded from truck or train, biomass pellets are stored in the two 40,000 tonne domes at the port. From there, they are loaded onto ships for transport to UK ports at Kingston upon Hull, Immingham, Port of Tyne and Liverpool. Haven Power is an electricity supplier and part of the Drax Group. The company supplies primarily to commercial and business customers. Opus Energy Limited supplies gas and electricity to businesses across the United Kingdom. Drax Group Drax Group plc is a British electrical power generation company. The Group is made up of upstream and downstream enterprises. The principal downstream enterprises

neg: Incineration amount of net energy that can be produced per tonne municipal waste is about 2/3 MWh of electricity and 2 MWh of district heating. Thus, incinerating about per day of waste will produce about 400 MWh of electrical energy per day (17 MW of electrical power continuously for 24 hours) and 1200 MWh of district heating energy each day. Incineration has a number of outputs such as the ash and the emission to the atmosphere of flue gas. Before the flue gas cleaning system, if installed, the flue gases may contain particulate matter, heavy metals, dioxins, furans, sulfur dioxide, and

neg: Resource recovery excreta or organic waste can produce fly larvae as a protein feed. Other researchers are harvesting fatty acids from wastewater to make bioplastics. Disposed materials that are organic in nature, such as plant material, food scraps, and paper products, can be recycled using biological composting and digestion processes to decompose the organic matter. The resulting organic material is then recycled as mulch or compost for agricultural or landscaping purposes. In addition, waste gas from the process (such as methane) can be captured and used for generating electricity and heat (CHP/cogeneration) maximising efficiencies. The intention of biological processing is to control

neg: Husk Power Systems cost of the kerosene that most villagers use to power lamps that provide far less light than the CFL bulbs distributed by the company. Local residents are employed to feed rice husks into the converter, to collect payments in advance and to monitor the electricity usage by customers, who are typically allocated enough electricity to each home for several hours each evening to power two 15-watt compact fluorescent lamps (CFLs) and to recharge their cell phones. Additional power could be purchased to power appliances that used more power than the basic allotment. Each plant serves around 400 households, saving approximately

neg: Energy transition wind power turbines, though they still accounted for just barely 1% of Denmark's electricity. This share increased significantly over time. In 2011, renewable energies covered 41% of electricity consumption, and wind power facilities alone accounted for 28%. The government aims to increase wind energy's share of power generation to 50% by 2020, while at the same time reducing carbon dioxide emissions by 40%. On 22 March 2012, the Danish Ministry of Climate, Energy and Building published a four-page paper titled "DK Energy Agreement," outlining long-term principles for Danish energy policy. The installation of oil and gas heating is banned in

neg: Paluel Nuclear Power Plant It feeds on average 32 billion kilowatt-hours into the public electricity grid every year. In the past, there were problems with the cooling of the plant due to blockage of cooling water from the English Channel, which caused an automatic reactor trip. The blockage was caused in part by seasonally-present macroalgae, and EDF is pursuing possible solutions to prevent its entrainment with Gunderboom, Inc. In April 2016 a 450 tonne steam generator crashed onto the reactor floor during the decennial maintenance outage of Paluel 2. Paluel 2 went offline in May 2015, and is now expected to return to service

neg: Recycling in Britain and the Salvage for Victory campaign in the United States, were carried out on the home front in every combative nation, urging citizens to donate metal, paper, rags, and rubber as a matter of patriotism. A considerable investment in recycling occurred in the 1970s, due to rising energy costs. Recycling aluminum uses only 5% of the energy required by virgin production; glass, paper and other metals have less dramatic but very significant energy savings when recycled feedstock is used. Although consumer electronics such as the television have been popular since the 1920s, recycling of them was almost unheard

neg: Material efficiency degrade as they're recycled in the same way plastics and paper do, fibers shortening every cycle, so many metals are prime candidates for recycling, especially considering their high value per ton compared to other recyclables. Polystyrene from recycled material costs 88% less than without recycling, but a negligible amount of polystyrene is recycled in the United States because of the difficulty sorting it from other plastics. Other plastic products like polyethylene terephthalate soft drink bottles cost 76% less to manufacture form recycled materials, and this percentage as well as the variety of plastics that can be recycled is expected to

neg: Wind power in Turkey planned facilities will reach 10.851 GW, which will meet 12% of the demand for electricity consumption. The governmental Energy Market Regulatory Authority (, EPDK) has announced that it will accept requests for the building of wind farm,s totaling up to 3 GW installed power cpacity, until the end of 2018. A total of 1,330 wind turbines are currently in place in Turkey, which saves the country an additional $500 million on natural gas. About 10GW has been licensed to be installed in total. In 2017, the Ministry of Energy and Natural Resources launched a project for wind power investment amounting

neg: One World Trade Center Like other buildings in the new World Trade Center complex, One World Trade Center includes sustainable architecture features. Much of the building's structure and interior is built from recycled materials, including gypsum boards and ceiling tiles; around 80 percent of the tower's waste products are recycled. Although the roof area of any tower is limited, the building implements a rainwater collection and recycling scheme for its cooling systems. The building's PureCell phosphoric acid fuel cells generate 4.8 megawatts (MW) of power, and its waste steam generates electricity. The New York Power Authority selected UTC Power to provide the tower's fuel

neg: Andasol Solar Power Station operational hours at the solar thermal power plant per year. A fully loaded storage system holds 1,010 MW·h of heat, enough to run the turbine and produce electricity for about 7.5 hours at full-load, in case of overcast skies or after sunset. The heat reservoirs each consist of two tanks measuring 14 m in height and 36 m in diameter and containing molten salt. Andasol 1 is able to supply environmentally friendly solar electricity for up to 200,000 people. Andasol consists of 3 projects: Andasol-1 (completed 2008), Andasol-2 (completed 2009) and Andasol-3 (completed 2011). Each project generates approximately 165 GW-h

neg: Hartlepool Nuclear Power Station (AGR) type. It provides electricity for over 3% of the UK using two 1575 MWth advanced gas-cooled reactors to power two 660 MWe generators, giving a maximum generating capacity of 1,320 MW. The station's net electrical output is 1,190 MW. This is enough electricity to power 1.5 million homes. In the 1990s there was an interactive visitors' centre on site. There was also an activity centre for school visits which hosted a number of special events. Tours of the power station itself also took place. The centre was closed after privatisation in the 1990s, but has now been reopened by

neg: Political positions of Hillary Clinton goals for the United States: to generate enough clean renewable energy to power every U.S. home within ten years after taking office, and to install 500 million solar panels within her first term. Clinton aims to generate one-third of America's electricity from renewable sources by 2027. Clinton said in February 2016 that these proposals aim to "move from fossil fuels to clean energy...in a quick, but thoughtful way" and to "reduce greenhouse gas emissions by up to 30 percent in 2025 relative to 2005 levels and chart a path to cut emissions more than 80 percent by 2050." Clinton states:

neg: Recycling spending solely towards recycled products, or "price preference" programs which provide a larger budget when recycled items are purchased. Additional regulations can target specific cases: in the United States, for example, the Environmental Protection Agency mandates the purchase of oil, paper, tires and building insulation from recycled or re-refined sources whenever possible. The final government regulation towards increased demand is recycled product labeling. When producers are required to label their packaging with amount of recycled material in the product (including the packaging), consumers are better able to make educated choices. Consumers with sufficient buying power can then choose more environmentally

neg: Cotton recycling products. Recycled cotton can also be used in industrial settings as polishing and wiper cloths and can even be made into new, high-quality paper. When reduced to its fibrous state, cotton can be used for applications like seat stuffing or home and automotive insulation. It is also sold as recycled cotton yarn for consumers to create their own items. Additionally, cotton waste can be made into a stronger, more durable paper than traditional wood-pulp based paper, which may contain high concentration of acids. Cotton paper is often used for important documents and also for bank notes since it does not

neg: Energy storage produces carbon dioxide (CO) and water. The carbon dioxide can be recycled to boost the Sabatier process and water can be recycled for further electrolysis. Methane production, storage and combustion recycles the reaction products. The CO has economic value as a component of an energy storage vector, not a cost as in carbon capture and storage. Power to liquid is similar to power to gas, however the hydrogen produced by electrolysis from wind and solar electricity isn't converted into gases such as methane but into liquids such as methanol. Methanol is easier to handle than gases, and requires fewer safety

neg: Recycled Energy Development simultaneously, thereby providing an economical approach to mitigating climate change. The company’s work has been featured in media outlets such as Forbes, Nature, the Atlantic, and National Public Radio. Recycled Energy Development Recycled Energy Development, LLC (RED) aims to profitably reduce greenhouse gas emissions by capturing and recycling waste energy, especially through cogeneration and waste heat recovery. RED develops, owns, and manages energy recycling facilities. These facilities take energy that’s normally wasted and convert it into electricity and thermal power for manufacturers, universities, hospitals, and other large institutions. Energy recycling is considered a form of “decentralized” energy because it takes

neg: Tissue paper consumption has decreased by 11%, due to measures such as improved process technology and investment in combined heat and power (CHP). Specific carbon dioxide emissions from fossil fuels decreased by 25% due to process-related measures and the increased use of low-carbon and biomass fuels. Once consumed, most forest-based paper products start a new life as recycled material or biofuel EDANA, the trade body for the non-woven absorbent hygiene products industry (which includes products such as household wipes for use in the home) has reported annually on the industry’s environmental performance since 2005. Less than 1% of all commercial wood production

neg: Wind power in Colorado Colorado during 2015. Colorado has the potential to install 387,220 MW of wind power generation according to a 2010 U.S. DOE study. Colorado voters approved Amendment 37 which required the state's largest utilities to obtain 3 percent of their electricity from renewable energy resources by 2007, and 10 percent by 2015. More recently, in 2010, the state approved a renewable portfolio standard that requires 30% of the state's electricity to come from renewable sources by 2020. Rated at 574.8 MW, the Peetz Table Wind Energy Center is the largest wind farm in the state and provides enough electricity to power

neg: Solar Electric Light Fund solar home systems – 50-watt units installed at the household level that could generate enough power to run a few compact fluorescent lights, a radio, and a small black and white television for four or five hours each evening. The electricity generated by the solar panel is stored in a battery, which then provides power at night and during rainy weather. In its early projects, SELF used funds donated by private philanthropies to buy home-size photovoltaic systems in bulk on the open market, usually enough for one small village at a time. SELF then sold the systems to villagers in

neg: Recycled Paper Greetings Dan Reynolds, David Walker, Susan Allen, Vicky Barone and cartoonist Cathy Guisewite also produce or have produced greeting cards through RPG. The Product Development Group of Andrews McMeel Publishing also contributes significantly to the RPG offering through a line of original concepts called Zero Gravity and well-known licenses like "Napoleon Dynamite", "Little Miss Sunshine" and the "Close to Home" cartoon panel. Recycled Paper Greetings Recycled Paper Greetings, Inc. (RPG) is a Chicago-based greeting card company founded by Phil Friedmann and Mike Keiser in 1971. They became successful as one of the first greeting card companies to print their product on

neg: Land recycling store, senior housing, and access to public transportation. The addition of neighborhood-serving retail, affordable housing, or a clean public park in a disadvantaged community can boost local spirit and improve overall quality of life. Sustainability involves meeting the needs of the present without compromising the ability of future generations to meet their own needs. Land recycling expresses an inherently sustainable idea, based on the same common-sense as recycling an aluminum can. Like other natural resources, land represents a shared investment that should be reused and recycled, rather than consumed and abandoned after use. Recycling paper saves trees, reusing land saves

neg: Cellulosic ethanol production. For each ton of biomass it requires 15-25 kilograms of enzyme. More recent estimates are lower, suggesting 1 kg of enzyme per dry tonne of biomass feedstock. There is also relatively high capital costs associated with the long incubation times for the vessel that perform enzymatic hydrolysis. Altogether, enzymes comprise a significant portion of 20-40% for cellulosic ethanol production. A recent paper estimates the range at 13-36% of cash costs, with a key factor being how the cellulase enzyme is produced. For cellulase produced offsite, enzyme production amounts to 36% of cash cost. For enzyme produced onsite in a

neg: Fallout 3 "Fallout" and "Fallout 2" game director, praised the art direction and the attention to details in the game, but did not like the way the endings were not enough constructed around player's actions and decisions. He was also critical of how the game recycled plot elements from the first two games such as Super Mutants and Enclave, saying that if his company, Troika Games, had acquired the license, he would have come up with a completely original story for the East coast. Chris Avellone, "Fallout 2"s main writer, described the game as having "enough options and tools at disposal to

neg: Renewable energy in Finland renewable energy directive as shown in the table of country targets. The earlier European objectives for 2010 included the targets of: 22% renewable source electricity and 12% renewable of primary energy in 2010 (directive and white paper). This included the objectives of 40 GWh wind power, 3 GWh PV and 5.75% biofuels (2010). The wind power objective was reached as early as 2005. In 2005 the renewable energy share of electricity in Finland was as follows: Hydro electric power 60%, forest industry black liquor 22%, other wood residues 16%, wind power 0.2% and other RE 1%. Finland differs from most

neg: LLNL HRS process LLNL HRS process LLNL HRS (hot recycled solid) process is an above-ground shale oil extraction technology. It is classified as a hot recycled solids technology. The process was developed by the Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory. In 1984–1987, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory operated a LLNL HRS process-based pilot pant at Parachute, Colorado, with capacity of one tonne of oil shale per day. In 1989, the pilot plant was upgraded to process four tonne of oil shale per day. The pilot plant was operated till 1993. Later the process was modified and tested in the field of waste treatment and environmental cleanup

neg: Smart market Electricity markets clear every few minutes, and require coordination to ensure that power generation matches demand, and that power flows do not exceed network line capacities. Generators offer to supply tranches of power at a range of prices. Wholesale power distributors bid to buy tranches of power at a range of prices. To clear the market, the market manager solves a linear program in which the decision variables are how much power to accept from each generator, the flow of power on each line, and how much power to provide to each distributor. After solution, the primal variables prescribe the