query: who owned the louisiana territory before the us

pos: Louisiana Purchase of North Dakota; a large portion of South Dakota; the northeastern section of New Mexico; the northern portion of Texas; the area of Montana, Wyoming, and Colorado east of the Continental Divide; Louisiana west of the Mississippi River (plus New Orleans); and small portions of land within the present Canadian provinces of Alberta and Saskatchewan. Its non-native population was around 60,000 inhabitants, of whom half were African slaves. The Kingdom of France controlled the Louisiana territory from 1699 until it was ceded to Spain in 1762. In 1800, Napoleon, then the First Consul of the French Republic, hoping to re-establish

pos: New France in 1702. The French (later Spanish) Louisiana Territory was owned by France for a number of years before the money-losing territory was transferred to French banker Antoine Crozat in 1713 for 15 years. After losing four times his investment, Crozat gave up his charter in 1717. Control of Louisiana and its 700 inhabitants was given to the Company of the Indies in 1719. The company conducted a major settlement program by recruiting European settlers to locate in the territory. Unemployed persons, convicts and prostitutes were also sent to the Louisiana Territory. After the bankruptcy of the company in 1720, control

pos: Vernon Parish, Louisiana of this territory through the Louisiana Purchase from France in 1803, the primary settlers who came to the area were ethnic French and Spanish. During this period, Dr. Timothy Burr, a Massachusetts native who had migrated to Louisiana from Mt. Vernon, Ohio, established the community of Burr Ferry at his landing on the Sabine River. This community became known as the "Gateway to Louisiana" from the west. For decades this area was part of the Natchitoches, Rapides, and Sabine parishes, which were established soon after the US acquired this territory in the early nineteenth century. The timber industry was most

pos: Convention of 1800 catastrophic failure; Napoleon's brother-in-law, General Charles Leclerc died of yellow fever along with many of his men. Without the sugar islands, Louisiana was irrelevant while France and Britain were once again on the verge of hostilities; in the Louisiana Purchase of April 1803, the US obtained the territory for $15 million, including 18 million francs or $3,750,000 as compensation for US shipping losses in 1796–1800. Longer-term, the Convention reflected two strands of American policy that remain relevant today, the first being a general objection to 'foreign entanglements;' it would be 150 years before the US agreed another treaty of alliance

pos: Louisiana Purchase the Louisiana Purchase was primarily economic self-interest, not any legitimate concern over constitutionality or whether France indeed owned Louisiana or was required to sell it back to Spain should it desire to dispose of the territory. The Northerners were not enthusiastic about Western farmers gaining another outlet for their crops that did not require the use of New England ports. Also, many Federalists were speculators in lands in upstate New York and New England and were hoping to sell these lands to farmers, who might go west instead, if the Louisiana Purchase went through. They also feared that this would

pos: Marion County, Arkansas wildlife management areas (WMAs). Although no Interstate highways are located in Marion County, two United States highways (U.S. Route 62 [US 62] and US 412) and eight Arkansas state highways run in the county. Prior to white settlement, the Ozark Plateau was inhabited by the Osage Indians for centuries. Present-day Arkansas was under French rule from 1682 until the Spanish took over in 1762. The territory was returned to France in 1800 and sold to the United States as the Louisiana Purchase in 1803. In 1812, the Territory of Missouri was formed, containing the Louisiana Purchase except modern-day Louisiana. To

pos: Arkansas Territorial Militia District of Arkansas prior to this appointment. There is evidence that Hogan may have originally settled in the District of Cape Girardeau in what is now southeast Missouri, before moving south to the area that would become Arkansas County. In 1798, Hogan owned a farm in the District of Cape Girardeau, across the Mississippi River, from Thebes, Illinois. In 1803, Edmund Hogan is listed among the heads of households in the Cape Girardeau District of the Louisiana Territory, at the time of the Louisiana Purchase by the United States from France. In 1806, he was appointed as a commissioner to

pos: Avoyelles Parish, Louisiana then in Spanish during their brief rule in the late 18th century, with a return to French after France reacquired the area under Napoleon Bonaparte in the early 19th century. He sold the large Louisiana Purchase territory to the United States under President Thomas Jefferson in 1803. As the US expanded its rule, local documents began to be recorded in the English of the new government. After Napoleon sold Louisiana to the United States, its government arranged for expeditions to survey the Louisiana Territory. It hired local French soldiers, surveyors and doctors, many of whom eventually settled in the area.

pos: Cameron Parish, Louisiana oaths to Great Britain. Numerous other French-speaking families settled here and their descendants populate the smaller towns. In the 18th century France ceded its holdings in Louisiana and other areas west of the Mississippi River to Spain, and the Spanish colonial government made grants of land to the Acadians. France took control of this territory again at the turn of the nineteenth century for a short period under Napoleon Bonaparte. But in 1803 he sold all the French territory west of the Mississippi River to the United States in the Louisiana Purchase. The US was particularly intent on getting control

pos: Hesston, Kansas day Kansas was acquired by the United States from France as part of the 828,000 square mile Louisiana Purchase for 2.83 cents per acre. In 1854, the Kansas Territory was organized, and in 1861, Kansas became the 34th U.S. state. In 1872, Harvey County was established within the Kansas Territory which included the land for modern day Hesston. A post office was established as Elivon on February 10, 1873. It then moved near the current city site on April 24, 1878. In 1886, Hesston was founded and named after the Hess brothers who owned the land where a depot on

pos: Territorial evolution of North America since 1763 of Louisiana), Spain returned the colonial territory of Louisiana to France. The Kingdom of Great Britain or Great Britain changed its name to United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland or United Kingdom on January 1, 1801 due to the Act of Union 1800. Amiens Treaty of 1802 specified that Saint Pierre and Miquelon would again be returned to France. Although it took until 1816 for the British to honor the Treaty and allow the French to return. The southeastern portion of Northwest Territory was admitted to the US as the 17th state, Ohio. The remainder of Northwest Territory was

pos: Neutral Ground (Louisiana) territory to help fund his wars in Europe. France took formal control of Louisiana from Spain on November 30, 1803, and turned over New Orleans to the United States on December 20, 1803. The U.S. took over the rest of the territory on March 10, 1804. The Louisiana Purchase doubled the size of the United States and opened U.S. expansion west to the Pacific Ocean and the Gulf Coast. The precise boundaries of the area had still not been determined. The United States, having purchased the territory from France, claimed the same boundaries France had claimed before the transfer to

pos: Louisiana Purchase 1801, Spanish Governor Don Juan Manuel de Salcedo took over from the Marquess of Casa Calvo, and restored the American right to deposit goods. However, in 1800 Spain had ceded the Louisiana territory back to France as part of Napoleon's secret Third Treaty of San Ildefonso. The territory nominally remained under Spanish control, until a transfer of power to France on November 30, 1803, just three weeks before the formal cession of the territory to the United States on December 20, 1803. A further ceremony was held in St. Louis, Upper Louisiana regarding the New Orleans formalities. The March 9–10,

pos: Louisiana Territory the Louisiana Purchase, in which colonial Louisiana was purchased from France. The Eighth Congress of the United States on March 26, 1804, passed legislation entitled "An act erecting Louisiana into two territories, and providing for the temporary government thereof," which established the Territory of Orleans and the civil District of Louisiana. This act, which went into effect on October 1, 1804, expanded the authority of the governor and judges of the Indiana Territory to provide temporary jurisdiction over the District of Louisiana. On March 3, 1805, Congress enacted legislation organizing the District of Louisiana into the Louisiana Territory, effective July

pos: Louisiana's congressional districts Louisiana's congressional districts The U.S. state of Louisiana currently has six congressional districts. The state has had as many as eight districts; the eighth district was eliminated on January 3, 1993 after results of the 1990 Census, and the seventh district was eliminated in 2013 after the results of the 2010 Census. "See District of Louisiana, Louisiana Territory, Territory of Orleans". Louisiana was purchased from France in 1803, and the territory was organized into the District of Louisiana and the Territory of Orleans in 1804. Areas that are within the current boundaries of Louisiana, but were outside the Territory of

pos: Iowa known European explorers to document Iowa were Jacques Marquette and Louis Jolliet who traveled the Mississippi River in 1673 documenting several Indian villages on the Iowa side. The area of Iowa was claimed for France and remained a French territory until 1763. The French, before their impending defeat in the French and Indian War, transferred ownership to their ally, Spain. Spain practiced very loose control over the Iowa region, granting trading licenses to French and British traders, who established trading posts along the Mississippi and Des Moines Rivers. Iowa was part of a territory known as "La Louisiane" or Louisiana,

pos: Constitution of Louisiana April 20, 1974, and became effective on January 1, 1975. The beginning of statehood for Louisiana began with the Louisiana purchase in 1803. In 1804, the land the United States purchased from France was divided in two territories: 1) the Louisiana Territory (upper territory) and 2) the area below the 33rd parallel (current Louisiana-Arkansas state line), the Orleans Territory each as an organized incorporated territory of the United States. The Territory of Orleans formed the bulk of what today is the State of Louisiana. From the beginning there were border disputes. In 1795, the "Treaty of Friendship, Limits, and Navigation

pos: Thomas Jefferson and slavery be the murderers of our own children." By 1802, when Jefferson learned that France was planning to re-establish its empire in the western hemisphere, including taking the Louisiana territory and New Orleans from the Spanish, he declared the neutrality of the US in the Caribbean conflict. While refusing credit or other assistance to the French, he allowed contraband goods and arms to reach Haiti and, thus, indirectly supported the Haitian Revolution. This was to further US interests in Louisiana. Defeated in Saint-Domingue by late 1803, the French withdrew from their imperial ambitions in the western hemisphere, as this colony had

pos: Indiana Territory of Louisiana were extended to the governor and judges of the Indiana Territory as a temporary measure to establish a civil government for the newly purchased lands. The district encompassed all of the Louisiana Purchase lands north of the 33rd parallel, which serves as the present-day border between the states of Arkansas and Louisiana. Under the terms of the act establishing the district's temporary government, Governor Harrison and the Indiana Territory's judges enacted laws that extended to the Louisiana district. Local residents, who had previously lived under France's civil law, objected to many of the provisions of the U.S. government,

pos: New Spain Paris (1763) gave Spain control over the Louisiana part of New France including New Orleans, creating a Spanish empire that stretched from the Mississippi River to the Pacific Ocean; but Spain also ceded Florida to Great Britain in order to regain Cuba, which the British occupied during the war. Louisiana settlers, hoping to restore the territory to France, in the bloodless Rebellion of 1768 forced the Louisiana Governor Antonio de Ulloa to flee to Spain. The rebellion was crushed in 1769 by the next governor Alejandro O'Reilly, who executed five of the conspirators. The Louisiana territory was to be administered

pos: Territorial era of Minnesota by fur traders, who erroneously reported an "Isle Phelipeaux" in Lake Superior, a "Long Lake" west of the island, and the belief that the Mississippi River ran well into modern Canada. Much of this region was claimed by other states who subsequently ceded these to the federal government. Most of the remaining areas of what is now the state were purchased in 1803 from France as part of the Louisiana Purchase (the area west of the Mississippi having been recently acquired by France from Spain). Parts of northern Minnesota were considered to be in Rupert's Land, a large territory owned

pos: History of Oklahoma of Louisiana in the secret Third Treaty of San Ildefonso. But, strained by obligations in Europe, Napoleon Bonaparte decided to sell the territory to the United States. With the Louisiana Purchase in 1803, the United States acquired France's 828,000 square mile claim to the watersheds of the Mississippi River (west of the river) and Missouri River. The purchase encompassed all or part of 15 current U.S. states] (including all of Oklahoma) and parts of two Canadian provinces. Out of the Louisiana Purchase, Louisiana Territory and Orleans Territory were organized. Orleans Territory became the state of Louisiana in 1812, and Louisiana

pos: Louisiana Purchase to acquire any territory. Jefferson agreed that the U.S. Constitution did not contain explicit provisions for acquiring territory, but he asserted that his constitutional power to negotiate treaties was sufficient. Throughout the second half of the 18th century, Louisiana was a pawn on the chessboard of European politics. It was controlled by the French, who had a few small settlements along the Mississippi and other main rivers. France ceded the territory to Spain in the secret Treaty of Fontainebleau (1762). Following French defeat in the Seven Years' War, Spain gained control of the territory west of the Mississippi and the

neg: Fort Pike Hurricanes Gustav and Isaac in 2008 and 2012, respectively. After the War of 1812, the United States built the fort in 1819 to protect New Orleans and the Gulf Coast against British or other invasion of the United States. During the Seminole Wars in Florida through the 1820s, the US temporarily held Seminole Indians here who had been taken prisoner. They were eventually transported to the Seminole Reservation in Indian Territory (now Oklahoma.) The Louisiana Continental Guard took control of the fort in 1861, just weeks before Louisiana joined the Confederacy and the American Civil War began. When Union forces

neg: Osage Village State Historic Site of the Louisiana Purchase territory in 1804, its settlement policies encouraged European Americans to come into the area. It made treaties with the Osage so that they would cede their territory to the US. The Osage Indians were gradually forced to retreat to a reservation in Indian Territory, now Oklahoma. Osage Village State Historic Site The Osage Village State Historic Site is a publicly owned property in Vernon County, Missouri, maintained by the Missouri Department of Natural Resources. The historic site preserves the archaeological site of a major Osage village, that once had some 200 lodges housing 2,000 to 3,000

neg: Edward Bates home as a boy. When older, he attended Charlotte Hall Military Academy in Maryland. Edward Bates served in the War of 1812 before moving to St. Louis, Missouri Territory, in 1814 with his older brother James, who started working as an attorney. Their eldest brother Frederick Bates was already in St. Louis by that time, where he had served as Secretary of the Louisiana Territory and Secretary of the Missouri Territory. Edward Bates studied the law with Rufus Easton and boarded with his family. Easton was Judge of the Louisiana Territory, the largest jurisdiction in U.S. history since the Louisiana

neg: Cherokee history US government, the Cherokee agreed to grant tribal citizenship to freedmen who had been held by them as slaves. Both before and after the Civil War, some Cherokee intermarried or had relationships with African Americans, just as they had with whites. Many Cherokee Freedmen were active politically within the tribe. The US government also acquired easement rights to the western part of the territory, which became the Oklahoma Territory, for the construction of railroads. Development and settlers followed the railroads. By the late 19th century, the government believed that Native Americans would be better off if each family owned its

neg: St. Martinville, Louisiana census showed a population of 409 inhabitants for the Attakapas region. In 1767 the Attakapas Post had 150 inhabitants before the arrival of the 15 families from Pointe Coupee. In 1803, after losing his effort to regain control over Saint-Domingue during its slave revolt, Napoleon sold Louisiana in 1803 to the United States through the Louisiana Purchase. The US settlers and territorial government organized the Attakapas Territory between 1807 and 1868. After Louisiana became a state, Saint Martin Parish was created. Attakapas Post was renamed as Saint Martinville and designated as the parish seat. As of the census of 2010,

neg: Clayton/Tamm, St. Louis Irish section of St. Louis called "Dogtown". The earliest development in the (not yet) neighborhood was by Charles Gratiot, who in 1785 requested use of the land from Spanish authorities in the French-owned land before the Louisiana Purchase "to cultivate wheat, hemp, corn, tobacco, etc., etc." (Requoted from McCune Gill by Bob Corbett, 2000) The grant was formalized by the Spanish governor in 1798 and reaffirmed in 1808 by the US after the Louisiana Purchase. After Charles' Death his large land grant was divided into 12 strips and given as inheritance. Major growth in Cheltenham (Dogtown) defined the region in

neg: Louisiana has more Native American tribes than any other southern state, including four that are federally recognized, ten that are state recognized, and four that have not received recognition. Some Louisiana urban environments have a multicultural, multilingual heritage, being so strongly influenced by a mixture of 18th-century French, Haitian, Spanish, Native American, and African cultures that they are considered to be exceptional in the US. Before the American purchase of the territory in 1803, present-day Louisiana State had been both a French colony and for a brief period a Spanish one. In addition, colonists imported numerous African people as slaves in

neg: Lewis and Clark Expedition vast territory acquired by the Louisiana Purchase and to establish trade and US sovereignty over the Indians along the Missouri River. Jefferson also wanted to establish a US claim of "discovery" to the Pacific Northwest and Oregon territory by documenting an American presence there before European nations could claim the land. According to some historians, Jefferson understood that he would have a better claim of ownership to the Pacific Northwest if the team gathered scientific data on animals and plants. However, his main objectives were centered around finding an all-water route to the Pacific coast and commerce. His instructions to

neg: Louisiana Purchase also contained a large number of free people of color. Both present-day Arkansas and Missouri already had some slaveholders in the early 19th century. During this period, south Louisiana received an influx of French-speaking refugee planters, who were permitted to bring their slaves with them, and other refugees fleeing the large slave revolt in Saint-Domingue, today's Haiti. Many Southern slaveholders feared that acquisition of the new territory might inspire American-held slaves to follow the example of those in Saint-Domingue and revolt. They wanted the US government to establish laws allowing slavery in the newly acquired territory so they could be

neg: Zwolle, Louisiana Zwolle, Louisiana Zwolle (Za-wall-ee) is a small town in Sabine Parish, Louisiana, United States. The population was 1,759 at the 2010 census, down from 1,783 in 2000. The first inhabitants of the bowl-shaped area of land upon which the town of Zwolle is situated were the Mound Builders. Lured here for protection from storms, the "bowl" offered them protection. Prehistoric people built the dome-shaped mounds that line the banks of Bayou Scie and Bayou San Miguel, which form a hollow circle around the townsite. As Mound Builders, they were ancestors of North American Indians who owned and inhabited the territory

neg: James Bowie bought a plantation in Arkansas. Bowie and his brother John were involved in a major court case in the late 1820s over land speculation. When the United States purchased the Louisiana Territory in 1803, it promised to honor all former land grant claims, and for the next 20 years efforts were made to establish who owned what land. In May 1824, Congress authorized the superior courts of each territory to hear suits from those who claimed they had been overlooked. The Arkansas Superior Court received 126 claims in late 1827 from residents who claimed to have purchased land in former

neg: John Sibley (doctor) surgeon for five years. From 1805 to 1815, Sibley was also the official Indian Agent of New Orleans Territory. His diary and sketches of Native American tribes survive as evidence of early American Louisiana. As well, letters from Sibley to Thomas Jefferson have survived; in them, Sibley described important political moments in early Louisiana, and gave the President reports on his one-on-one relationship with the inhabitants of the Louisiana territory, including Native Americans, Spaniards, and French. His letters also reveal the tension within the US government on how to handle the new territory, and whether or not they should heavily

neg: Louisiana Territory (film) Louisiana Territory (film) Louisiana Territory is a 1953 American historical drama film directed by Harry W. Smith (who also photographed the film), from an original screenplay by Jerome Brondfield. It opens with the circumstances of the sale of the Louisiana Territory by Napoleon's government and the roles of Robert Livingston and Charles Maurice de Talleyrand-Périgord. However, most of the film deals with the spirit of Livingston visiting major cities of the territory decades later in 1953. Produced by RKO-Pathé, it was distributed by its sister company, RKO Radio Pictures, who premiered the film in New Orleans on October 14, 1953,

neg: Caddo more French and other European settlers. Among such settlements are the present-day communities of Elysian Fields and Nacogdoches, Texas, and Natchitoches, Louisiana. In the latter two towns, early explorers and settlers kept the original Caddo names of the villages. Having given way over years before the power of the former Ohio Valley tribes, the later Caddo negotiated for peace with the waves of Spanish, French, and finally Anglo-American settlers. After the 1803 Louisiana Purchase, by which the United States took over the former French colonial territory west of the Mississippi River, the US government sought to ally with the Caddo

neg: Natchitoches, Louisiana Landmark. After the United States' Louisiana Purchase of 1803, migration into the territory increased from the US. Natchitoches grew along with the population in the parish. Initially, the Americans were primarily of English and Scots-Irish ancestry and of Protestant faith. They developed several cotton plantations along the Red River. Numerous enslaved African Americans were brought to the area through the domestic slave trade to work the cotton, and provide all other skills on these plantations, generating the revenues for the wealthy planters before the Civil War. In the 1820s and early 1830s, Natchitoches also served as a freight transfer point

neg: German Coast (a phonetic macaronic of Troxler). In the Louisiana Rebellion of 1768, German colonists joined with Acadians from the Cabannocé Post area to march on New Orleans and overthrow the new Spanish colonial governor Antonio de Ulloa. A few years later, the German and Acadian settlers united again, under Spanish colonial governor Bernardo de Gálvez, to fight the British during the American Revolutionary War. The German Coast was the site of the largest slave revolt in US history, the 1811 German Coast Uprising. This was during the Territory of Orleans period, more than a year before Louisiana became a state. The

neg: Alpha Sigma Phi who traced his ancestry to a Huguenot refugee who fled from Louis XIV's persecution and came to America in 1691. He served in the American Civil War as assistant to the Confederate Surgeon General. Moreover, he was a prominent plantation and slave owner in South Carolina. Stephen Ormsby Rhea was the son of John Rhea, an important cotton planter of Louisiana who helped open the disputed territory of West Florida and made it a part of the US and the state of Louisiana. Horace Spangler Weiser, of York, Pennsylvania, was a descendant of Conrad Weiser, also a refugee from Europe

neg: Northern Cherokee Nation of the Old Louisiana Territory Northern Cherokee Nation of the Old Louisiana Territory The Northern Cherokee Nation of the Old Louisiana Territory, also known as the Northern Cherokee Nation, is a 501(c)(3) non-profit organization of individuals who identify as Cherokee but have not been recognized as a government. Members live primarily in Kansas, Missouri, Arkansas, Oklahoma and Texas. Their current Chief is Chief Grey Elk. The name of the group originated in 1978 and in 1991 after learning more of their history, changed it to Northern Cherokee Nation of the Old Louisiana Territory to better describe the history of who they are. In an attempt

neg: History of Oklahoma motel on US 64 in Vian, Oklahoma. History of Oklahoma The history of Oklahoma refers to the history of the state of Oklahoma and the land that the state now occupies. Areas of Oklahoma east of its panhandle were acquired in the Louisiana Purchase of 1803, while the Panhandle was not acquired until the U.S. land acquisitions following the Mexican–American War. Most of Oklahoma was set aside as Indian Territory before the Civil War. It was opened for general settlement around 1890—the "Sooners" were settlers who jumped the gun. Statehood came to the poor ranching and farming state in Oklahoma,

neg: Territorial evolution of North America since 1763 declared its independence from Spain. US President James Madison proclaimed the annexation of the Baton Rouge and Mobile Districts of West Florida, declaring them part of the Louisiana Purchase. The US Army occupied the capital, St. Francisville, on December 6 and Baton Rouge on December 10, bringing an end to the Republic of West Florida after 90 days. The southern portion of Indiana Territory was admitted as the 19th state, Indiana. The remainder became unorganized. Alabama Territory was split from Mississippi Territory; both correspond to their present-day counterparts. Mississippi Territory was admitted to the US as the 20th state, Mississippi.

neg: Augustus Hall R. L. B. Clark. He served in the Thirty-fourth Congress, from March 4, 1855 to March 3, 1857. The 1854 election was the last before the establishment of the Iowa Republican Party, which for decades thereafter dominated most congressional elections in Iowa. In 1856 Hall won the Democratic nomination, but was defeated in the general election by Republican Samuel Curtis. In 1858, President Buchanan appointed Hall as chief justice of the Nebraska Territory, which then encompassed a vast area west of the Missouri River (to the western edge of the Louisiana Purchase) and north of Kansas Territory (to the Canada–US

neg: Robert "Bob" Hicks based on race, color, religion, sex and national origin. The suit challenged racial discrimination in hiring and promotions at the local paper mill, owned by the Crown Zellerbach Corporation. The US District Court issued a sweeping order that served as a model for similar orders obtained in other cases in Louisiana and throughout the country, opening doors for black women who had never worked at the mill before, and providing black workers with access to managerial positions. After filing the suit, Hicks became the first black worker in the plant to be promoted to a supervisor position, a job he

neg: Chitimacha Chitimacha are one of four federally recognized tribes in the state. In addition, Louisiana recognizes several other tribes who do not have federal recognition. In the late 20th century, Louisiana had the "third-largest Native American population in the eastern United States." The Chitimacha Indians and their ancestors inhabited the Mississippi River Delta area of south central Louisiana for thousands of years before European encounter. Tradition asserts that the boundary of the territory of the Chitmacha was marked by four prominent trees. Archaeological finds suggest that the Chitimacha and their indigenous ancestors have been living in Louisiana for perhaps 6,000 years.

neg: Butler Greenwood Plantation in the Felicianas, Rapides Parish, along Bayou Manchac, and in the Mississippi Territory. The family residence bordering Bayou Sara, appraised in the estate division at $12,300, was left to Dr. Flower's 20-year-old married daughter Harriett. Harriett Flower's husband, Judge George Mathews, was a superior court judge in the Mississippi Territory and then in the Territory of Orleans, appointed by President Thomas Jefferson. He became the chief justice of the Louisiana Supreme Court after statehood. His father, General George Mathews, was an American Revolutionary War hero who survived being bayoneted several times to become a US Congressman, military general, and two-term

neg: Dred Scott v. Sandford Before the end of the year, the army reassigned Emerson to Fort Jesup in Louisiana, where Emerson married Eliza Irene Sanford in February, 1838. Emerson sent for Scott and Harriet, who proceeded to Louisiana to serve their master and his wife. While en route to Louisiana, Scott's daughter Eliza was born on a steamboat underway on the Mississippi River between Illinois and what would become Iowa. Because Eliza was born in free territory, she was technically born as a free person under both federal and state laws. Upon entering Louisiana, the Scotts could have sued for their freedom, but did

neg: Louisiana Highway 830 the east. Louisiana Highway 830-5 (LA 830-5) spans from south to north and is known as Elm Street. From the south, LA 830-5 begins at an intersection with LA 593. It ends at an intersection with US 165/US 425/Louisiana Highway 2 to the north. Louisiana Highway 830-6 (LA 830-6) spans from south to north and is known as McCreight Lane. From the south, LA 830-6 begins at an intersection with US 165/US 425/Louisiana Highway 2. It crosses LA 830-3, known as Cherry Ridge Road, before ending at US 425. Louisiana Highway 830 Louisiana Highway 830 is a collection of six

neg: Louisiana Territory Louisiana Territory The Territory of Louisiana or Louisiana Territory was an organized incorporated territory of the United States that existed from July 4, 1805, until June 4, 1812, when it was renamed the Missouri Territory. Louisiana Territory was formed out of the Indiana Territory-administered District of Louisiana, which consisted of all Louisiana Purchase lands north of the 33rd parallel. The 33rd parallel now forms the southern border of Arkansas and the northern border of Louisiana. The territory's predecessor, the District of Louisiana, as well as the District of Orleans, were formed from the lands acquired by the United States in

neg: Louisiana Territory (film) with a national release two days later, on October 16. The film stars Val Winter as Livingston and Leo Zinser as Talleyrand. It also stars Julian Miester and Phyliss Massicot. Louisiana Territory (film) Louisiana Territory is a 1953 American historical drama film directed by Harry W. Smith (who also photographed the film), from an original screenplay by Jerome Brondfield. It opens with the circumstances of the sale of the Louisiana Territory by Napoleon's government and the roles of Robert Livingston and Charles Maurice de Talleyrand-Périgord. However, most of the film deals with the spirit of Livingston visiting major cities of

neg: Logansport, Louisiana owned by Moser Community Media out of Brenham, Texas. The mayor of the town is Judge Cordray. The town clerk is Sharon Stewart. The town billing clerk is Terri Hamon. The town's occupational and property tax clerk is Lekia Henderson. Logansport, Louisiana Logansport is a town in western DeSoto Parish adjacent to the Sabine River in western Louisiana, United States. The population was 1,555 at the 2010 census. It is part of the Shreveport–Bossier City Metropolitan Statistical Area. The area, long a disputed boundary even after the Louisiana Purchase, was part of a neutral territory negotiated by Gen. James Wilkinson

neg: Louisiana Territory Louisiana Territory. The seat of government was in the town of St. Louis. The first territorial governor was James Wilkinson, appointed by President Jefferson and concurrently holding the position of Senior Officer of the United States Army. Meriwether Lewis (1807–1809) and William Clark (1813–1820) served as the second and third Louisiana Territory governors, respectively. On June 4, 1812, the Twelfth U.S. Congress enacted legislation which renamed Louisiana Territory as Missouri Territory, in order to avoid confusion with the recently admitted State of Louisiana. Louisiana Territory The Territory of Louisiana or Louisiana Territory was an organized incorporated territory of the United

neg: Territory of Orleans Territory of Orleans The Territory of Orleans or Orleans Territory was an organized incorporated territory of the United States that existed from October 1, 1804, until April 30, 1812, when it was admitted to the Union as the State of Louisiana. In 1804, all of the Louisiana Purchase south of the 33rd parallel became the Orleans Territory, and the remainder became the District of Louisiana. (The District of Louisiana was later renamed the Louisiana Territory; and still later, when the Orleans Territory became the State of Louisiana, the Louisiana Territory was renamed the Missouri Territory.) The Organic Act of 1804,

neg: Louisiana Purchase his yet, Napoleon decided to sell the entire territory. Although the foreign minister Talleyrand opposed the plan, on April 10, 1803, Napoleon told the Treasury Minister François Barbé-Marbois that he was considering selling the entire Louisiana Territory to the United States. On April 11, 1803, just days before Monroe's arrival, Barbé-Marbois offered Livingston all of Louisiana for $15 million, which averages to less than three cents per acre (7¢/ha). The American representatives were prepared to pay up to $10 million for New Orleans and its environs, but were dumbfounded when the vastly larger territory was offered for $15 million. Jefferson

neg: Northern Cherokee Nation of the Old Louisiana Territory Beverly Baker Northup who has been voted out of office more than once and who has obtained $120,000 in federal grant money to be used for completing the tribe's federal recognition process, which has not yet been completed. Northup believes that Governor Mel Carnahan's bill of acknowledgment speaks to her legitimacy in office as the question of her having been voted out of office predated 1996. Northern Cherokee Nation of the Old Louisiana Territory The Northern Cherokee Nation of the Old Louisiana Territory, also known as the Northern Cherokee Nation, is a 501(c)(3) non-profit organization of individuals who identify as

neg: Louisiana Highway 26 and the parallel US 90. Other notable junctions include US 165 in Oberlin and a second junction with US 190 in Elton. LA 26 traverses very sparsely populated territory outside the few towns it encounters. LA 26 was designated in the 1955 Louisiana Highway renumbering, replacing the entirety of former State Route 52. It also took over the western leg of State Route 25, a long U-shaped route that was further split among the modern LA 14 and LA 31. Portions of the route had also carried US 190 briefly from 1935 to 1939. From the northwest, LA 26 begins

neg: Offshore oil and gas in the United States offer oil production rights under federal seabed in offshore Louisiana. Each coastal state owns the territory extending from the shore at mean low tide, and has jurisdiction to decide whether or not, and under what terms, to lease the territory for oil and gas. Exceptions include Texas and the west coast of Florida, which for historical reasons own the seabed out to from the shore. Louisiana is included in the 3 nautical mile rule, but because it had active offshore leases defined before 1950 (and before most other states), its territory is measured using the Admiralty Nautical Mile, while other

neg: James Brown (Louisiana politician) confirmed by the state senate and served until October 13, 1796. Soon after the United States made the Louisiana Purchase, Brown moved to New Orleans, where he was appointed in 1804 as secretary of the Territory of Orleans. He served from October 1 to December 11 of that year, when he was appointed as U.S. Attorney-General for the Territory. Brown became one of the wealthiest planters and slave owners on the German Coast. His extensive plantation produced sugar through the use of slave labor. In January 1811, some slaves from James Brown's plantations (some of them jointly owned by his

neg: Francois Xavier Martin Francois Xavier Martin François Xavier Martin (March 17, 1762 – December 10, 1846), was a Franco-American lawyer and author, the first Attorney General of State of Louisiana, and longtime Justice of the Louisiana Supreme Court. Born in Marseille, he moved to Martinique in 1780, and then immigrated to North Carolina just before the end American Revolutionary War. He was appointed as Attorney General of the Territory of Orleans after the Louisiana Purchase; he also helped untangle layers of French and Spanish colonial law in the territory and subsequent state of Louisiana. His legal writing and reviews of cases was important

neg: Indian Territory The tribe was once part of the Caddoan Mississippian culture and thought to be an extension of woodland period peoples who started inhabiting the area around 200 BCE. In an 1835 Treaty made at the agency-house in the Caddo nation and State of Louisiana, the Caddo Nation sold their tribal lands to the US. In 1846 the Caddo along with several other tribes signed a treaty that made the Caddo a protectorate of the US and established framework of a legal system between the Caddo and the US. Tribal headquarters are in Binger, Oklahoma. The Wichita and Caddo both spoke

neg: Louisiana Highway 97 Jennings westward to Welsh two years later. La DOTD is currently engaged in a program that aims to transfer about of state-owned roadways to local governments over the next several years. Under this plan of "right-sizing" the state highway system, the portion of LA 97 between US 90 and I-10 in Jennings is proposed for deletion as it does not meet a significant interurban travel function. Louisiana Highway 97 Louisiana Highway 97 (LA 97) is a state highway located in southwestern Louisiana. It runs in a north–south direction from the junction of U.S. Highway 90 (US 90) and LA 102

neg: Louisiana Purchase Effective October 1, 1804, the purchased territory was organized into the Territory of Orleans (most of which would become the state of Louisiana) and the District of Louisiana, which was temporarily under control of the governor and judicial system of the Indiana Territory. The following year, the District of Louisiana was renamed the Territory of Louisiana, aka Louisiana Territory (1805–1812). New Orleans was the administrative capital of the Orleans Territory, and St. Louis was the capital of the Louisiana Territory. A dispute soon arose between Spain and the United States regarding the extent of Louisiana. The territory's boundaries had not

neg: Missouri Compromise the territories of the Louisiana Purchase, as the ordinance had been issued originally under the Articles of Confederation, not under the US Constitution. As a legal precedent, they offered the treaty acquiring the Louisiana lands in 1803: the document included a provision (Article 3) that extended the rights of US citizens to all inhabitants of the new territory, including the protection of property in slaves. When slaveholders embraced Jeffersonian constitutional strictures on a limited central government they were reminded that Jefferson, as US President in 1803, had deviated from these precepts when he wielded federal executive power to double the

neg: John Thompson (Louisiana) succeeded by Francois Xavier Martin. John Thompson (Louisiana) John Thompson (died 1810) was a registrar of lands in the Western District of the Territory of Orleans and judge of the Superior Court of the Territory of Orleans. Thompson came to Louisiana from Kentucky in 1805 and was charged with opening the Western District land office in Opelousas, Louisiana. On September 17, 1808, Thompson was appointed by President Thomas Jefferson to be a judge of the Superior Court of the Territory of Orleans in place of William Sprigg who had returned to the Ohio Supreme Court. Thompson died in February 1810

neg: John Thompson (Louisiana) John Thompson (Louisiana) John Thompson (died 1810) was a registrar of lands in the Western District of the Territory of Orleans and judge of the Superior Court of the Territory of Orleans. Thompson came to Louisiana from Kentucky in 1805 and was charged with opening the Western District land office in Opelousas, Louisiana. On September 17, 1808, Thompson was appointed by President Thomas Jefferson to be a judge of the Superior Court of the Territory of Orleans in place of William Sprigg who had returned to the Ohio Supreme Court. Thompson died in February 1810 in New Orleans, and was

neg: Camden, Arkansas part of French Louisiana from 1682-1762. The Indians who had given their name to the river had died out or moved on by the mid-1700s. The land along the Ouachita River was inhabited by remnants of several Indian tribes, and the river was home to a small population of mostly French hunters, trappers and traders. Then, in 1763, Spain acquired Louisiana by treaty, but the culture remained decidedly French. After the American Revolution, Spanish Governor Bernardo de Gálvez decided to establish a military post on the upper Ouachita as a buffer between US and Spanish territory. He appointed a Frenchman

neg: Louisiana Midland Railway Louisiana Midland Railway The Louisiana Midland Railway, was a Class III railroad operating in the US state of Louisiana. The branch of the Louisiana & Arkansas Railway that would become the Louisiana Midland fell under different names those names and time line are as followed: The First Louisiana Midland (LM) was formed on January 1, 1946, by H.H. Holloway,Sr. Mr. Holloway owned a gravel pit at Rhinehart, Louisiana, on the Louisiana & Arkansas Railway's (L&A) main line. When the L&A made plans to dispose of the branch Mr. Holloway knowing without the railroad his gravel pit operations would ultimately fail.

neg: Louisiana Highway 840 and is currently known as Desiard Street. It connected downtown Monroe to US 165, but was eventually truncated before the 1955 Louisiana Highway renumbering to 26th Street. When LA 840-5 was created, it connected North 26th Street to US 165. It was deleted in 1957. Louisiana Highway 840 Louisiana Highway 840 is a collection of two current state highways which serve Monroe and West Monroe in Ouachita Parish, and three deleted state highways. Louisiana Highway 840-1 (LA 840-1) spans from west to east and is known as Smith Street. It connects LA 3033 to LA 34. Before the 1955 Louisiana

neg: Louisiana-Pacific delivering greater than a six-to-one return on investment in cost savings for LP. GreenStone Industries, Inc.; Ketchikan Pulp Company; Louisiana-Pacific International, Inc. L-PSPV, Inc. ; LP Pinewood SPV, LLC; LPS Corporation; L-P SPV2, LLC Louisiana-Pacific Canada Pulp Co. ; Louisiana-Pacific Canada Sales ULC ; Louisiana-Pacific Canada Holding Ltd. ; Louisiana-Pacific Canada Ltd. Louisiana-Pacific (OSB) Ltd.; Louisiana-Pacific South America S.A.; Louisiana-Pacific Chile S.A; Louisiana-Pacific del Perú S.A.C.;LP-Brasil OSB Industria E Comercio S.A. Less Than 51% Owned Joint Ventures Abitibi-LP Engineered Wood Inc.; Abitibi-LP Engineered Wood II Inc.; Canfor-LP OSB (G.P.) Corp; Canfor-LP OSB Limited Partnership; US GreenFiber, LLC Georgia-Pacific Group; Boise-Cascade

neg: Tariff of 1816 forty-ninth parallel from the Lake of the Woods west to the Rocky Mountains. With this, Great Britain tacitly acknowledged the legitimacy of US claims to the vast Louisiana territory. Another potentially volatile international development – General Andrew Jackson's military incursion into Spanish Florida and his summary execution of two British citizens – failed to incite British retaliation, diplomatically or militarily The Adams–Onís Treaty of 1819 transferred all of Florida into US hands, ending Spain's machinations to enlist Great Britain in recovering Louisiana from the United States. By 1820, US–British diplomatic relations had significantly improved. British mercantilism and trade monopolies also

neg: Indian Territory the legality of the purchase. However, the chief negotiator, Robert R. Livingston believed that the 3rd article of the treaty providing for the Louisiana Purchase would be acceptable to congress. The 3rd article stated, in part: Which committed the US government to "the ultimate, but not to the immediate, admission" of the territory as multiple states, and "postponed its incorporation into the Union to the pleasure of Congress" After the Louisiana Purchase in 1803, President Thomas Jefferson and his successors viewed much of the land west of the Mississippi River as a place to resettle the Native Americans, so that

neg: Cameron Parish, Louisiana of New Orleans, an important part for its large agricultural interests in what is now the Midwest. This territory was historically part of Calcasieu Parish, established by the new Louisiana Territory legislature in 1807. The western part of this coastal area was included in what was called No Man's Land, a disputed area of control between Spain and the US after the Purchase. In the 1806 Neutral Ground agreement, both parties agreed to leave this free of military occupation or civil law enforcement. The area between the Calcasieu River (at the time known to the Spanish as the Arroyo Hondo)

neg: History of the Franco-Americans of the Quebec Diaspora, also, not that many Franco-Americans are of Acadian descent, who came to the US from the Canadian Maritime regions.What is unusual about the early Franco-Americans is that they arrived before the formation of the United States. In the time before the American Revolutionary War, they founded many villages and cities and were some of the first Europeans to settle down in the US. Places that were main settlements for Franco-American settlers include the Midwest and Louisiana. Franco-Americans today are found mostly in New England and in the northern sections of New York, the Midwest and Louisiana.

neg: Louisiana waterthrush call is a hard "chink". Like the closely related northern waterthrush, the Louisiana waterthrush frequently bobs its tail. The male Louisiana waterthrush does not sing on its wintering grounds before it leaves. It sings immediately when it arrives on its breeding territory. Whether it begins singing during migration is not known. When establishing his territory, a male sings vigorously nearly all day. After he acquires a mate, singing decreases quickly and he concentrates his singing into the morning hours. The breeding habitat is wet woodlands near running water and does not occur outside such areas as a breeder. However, during

neg: Louisiana Highway 158 created in the 1955 renumbering, following the portion of the route between Colfax and US 71 as described above. The section north of US 71 leading to Lake Iatt was added to the state highway system later as an extension of LA 158. La DOTD is currently engaged in a program that aims to transfer about of state-owned roadways to local governments over the next several years. Under this plan of "right-sizing" the state highway system, the entire route of LA 158 is proposed for deletion as it does not meet a significant interurban travel function. Louisiana Highway 158 Louisiana

neg: House on Ellicott's Hill and Spanish Louisiana, which had been set at the 31st parallel by the Treaty of San Lorenzo de Real. When he arrived on February 24, he set up camp on the bluff atop which the house is located, raising the American flag for the first time over the new territory. After Moore moved to a plantation in Washington, Mississippi, the house underwent various ownership changes, eventually being sold in 1850 and converted into Natchez High School, owned by J.R. Gilreath, before closing in 1878. The house was purchased in 1934 by the Natchez Garden Club and restored, since it was

neg: Marguerite Scypion women, saying that their mother (Mrs. Tayon) had given the sisters to them. After his wife's death, Tayon accepted the invitation of Jean Pierre Chouteau, a wealthy merchant and fur trader, to join his household. He took with him the slaves Marie Jean Scypion and her daughter Marguerite, together with her children. By the time of the 1803 annexation of the area into the US by the Louisiana Purchase, numerous residents of territorial Missouri still held as slaves people who were descendants of Indians. In 1804 the Missouri Territory established slave laws, generally following US state and territorial models. Officials

neg: Catahoula Parish, Louisiana Troyville Earthworks. The Troyville Earthworks have components dating from 100 BCE to 700 CE during the Baytown to the Troyville-Coles Creek periods. It once had the tallest mound in Louisiana at in height; it was the second-tallest mound in North America (after Monk's Mound at Cahokia Mounds). This mound was destroyed to make way for the Jonesville bridge over the Black River. This area was settled primarily by migrants from the southern United States after the Louisiana Purchase, when the US acquired the vast, former French-claimed territory west of the Mississippi River. White migrants to north and central Louisiana were

neg: Louisiana German Jews began to immigrate, followed by those from eastern Europe and the Russian Empire in the late 19th and early 20th centuries. Prominent Jews in Louisiana's political leadership have included Whig (later Democrat) Judah P. Benjamin (1811–1884), who represented Louisiana in the U.S. Senate before the American Civil War and then became the Confederate Secretary of State; Democrat-turned-Republican Michael Hahn who was elected as governor, serving 1864–1865 when Louisiana was occupied by the Union Army, and later elected in 1884 as a US Congressman; Democrat Adolph Meyer (1842–1908), Confederate Army officer who represented the state in the U.S. House

neg: Recollects de la Ribourde, Simple Landon, Hilarion Guenin, Anselme Bardoun, and Brother Luc. The territory of Quebec had since been carved up amongst the Jesuits, who claimed the Laurentian Valley and other western territories, and the Sulpicians who owned Montreal and its surrounding region. At this point, the conversion of Amerindians to Christianity was no longer the main priority of the Recollects, as they were more concerned with rebuilding infrastructure that had been left behind following their expulsion by the British in 1629. Nonetheless, they continued to partake in evangelization missions in Gaspesie, in Acadia, and in Louisiana. The Recollects usually

neg: Franklin, Missouri family. Lindsey Carson was a farmer of Scots-Irish descent, who had fought in the Revolutionary War under General Wade Hampton. He had a total of fifteen surviving children: five by his first wife, and ten by his second wife (Kit's mother), Rebecca Robinson. The Carson family settled on a tract of land owned by the sons of Daniel Boone, who had purchased the land from the Spanish prior to the United States annexing the territory by the Louisiana Purchase of 1803. The Boone and Carson families became good friends, working, socializing, and intermarrying. Carson was eight when his father was

neg: Isaac Ross (planter) In 1808, together with his brother Thomas, Ross moved from South Carolina to the Mississippi Territory. He purchased what he developed as the Prospect Hill Plantation near Port Gibson, Jefferson County. By 1818, after Mississippi became a state, he owned 3,881 acres of land and 133 slaves; 158 slaves in 1820; and 4,240 acres of land and 113 slaves in 1830. By 1828, he also owned several other plantations and more slaves. Shortly before his death, Ross owned around 5,000 acres of land, 160 slaves, and had an estimated wealth of US$100,000. In 1830, Ross was one of the financial

neg: Territory of Orleans Stephen Du Ponceau (1804) (declined President Thomas Jefferson's appointment), William Sprigg (1805–1807), George Mathews, Jr. (1805–1813), Joshua Lewis (1807–1813), and Francois Xavier Martin (1810–1813). Territory of Orleans The Territory of Orleans or Orleans Territory was an organized incorporated territory of the United States that existed from October 1, 1804, until April 30, 1812, when it was admitted to the Union as the State of Louisiana. In 1804, all of the Louisiana Purchase south of the 33rd parallel became the Orleans Territory, and the remainder became the District of Louisiana. (The District of Louisiana was later renamed the Louisiana Territory; and

neg: Louisiana Highway 140 Louisiana Highway 140 Louisiana Highway 140 (LA 140) is a state highway located in Morehouse Parish, Louisiana. It runs in an east–west direction from U.S. Highway 425 (US 425) in Log Cabin to a junction with U.S. Highway 165 (US 165) and LA 599 in Bonita. The route provides the most direct connection between Bastrop, the parish seat, and northbound US 165, which heads north from Bonita toward the Arkansas state line. US 165 takes a more indirect routing, heading eastward out of Bastrop before turning north at Mer Rouge. Providing both a north–south and an east–west function, the signage

neg: Louisiana the way for the eventual expansion of the United States across the continent to the Pacific. Shortly after the United States took possession, the area was divided into two territories along the 33rd parallel north on March 26, 1804, thereby organizing the Territory of Orleans to the south and the District of Louisiana (subsequently formed as the Louisiana Territory) to the north. Louisiana became the eighteenth U.S. state on April 30, 1812; the Territory of Orleans became the State of Louisiana and the Louisiana Territory was simultaneously renamed the Missouri Territory. An area known as the Florida Parishes was soon

neg: Dick Guidry chili. Guidry also owned several other area theaters; the Jet became so popular that it drove most of his competitors out of business. Guidry died at the age of eighty-four on March 26, 2014. Dick Guidry Richard P. Guidry, known as Dick Guidry (September 22, 1929 – March 26, 2014) was a businessman from Galliano, Louisiana, who was a Democrat former member of the Louisiana House of Representatives for Lafourche Parish. He is considered the youngest member ever elected to the Louisiana House. On February 1, 2014, less than two months before his death, Guidry and seven others were inducted

neg: U.S. Route 11 in Louisiana the Norfolk Southern Railway line, which was constructed in 1937 as part of the former State Route 2. La DOTD is currently engaged in a program that aims to transfer about of state-owned roadways to local governments over the next several years. Under this plan of "right-sizing" the state highway system, the portion of US 11 between US 190 (Gause Boulevard) in Slidell and LA 41 in Pearl River is proposed for deletion as it no longer meet a significant interurban travel function. "Note: Exit numbers reflect I-59 mileage only." U.S. Route 11 in Louisiana U.S. Highway 11 (US 11)

neg: Louisiana Purchase supported in taking their slaves there to undertake new agricultural enterprises, as well as to reduce the threat of future slave rebellions. The Louisiana Territory was broken into smaller portions for administration, and the territories passed slavery laws similar to those in the southern states but incorporating provisions from the preceding French and Spanish rule (for instance, Spain had prohibited slavery of Native Americans in 1769, but some slaves of mixed African-Native American descent were still being held in St. Louis in Upper Louisiana when the U.S. took over). In a freedom suit that went from Missouri to the US

neg: William Clark mission. Clark concentrated chiefly on the drawing of maps, the management of the expedition's supplies, and leading hunting expeditions for game. In 1807, President Jefferson appointed Clark as the brigadier general of the militia in the Louisiana Territory, and the US agent for Indian affairs. At the time, trade was a major goal and the US established the factory system. The government and its appointees licensed traders to set up trading posts in Native American territory. Native American relations were handled in what became the War Department. Clark set up his headquarters in St. Louis, Missouri, where he would live

neg: Jefferson Highway the Jefferson Highway through Louisiana was designated as State Route 1. This route was in effect until the 1955 Louisiana Highway renumbering. When the U.S. Highway System was designated in 1926, the Jefferson Highway was split into four U.S. Highways in Louisiana: US 61 from New Orleans to Baton Rouge (before it was re-routed onto the Airline Highway), US 71 from Baton Rouge to Clarence, US 171 from Mansfield to Shreveport, and US 80 from Shreveport west into Texas. The section between Natchitoches and Mansfield was not included in the U.S. Highway System. Jefferson Highway The Jefferson Highway was an

neg: Sampson Mathews the 1809-1810 session of the Virginia General Assembly, representing the Federalist party. His adopted daughter (biological niece), Martha Mathews, married Gen. Thomas Posey, a US Senator from Louisiana (1812-1813) and Governor of Indiana Territory (1813-1816). At the conclusion of the war, Mathews retired to Richmond to practice law before returning to Augusta County. He served as the first high sheriff of Bath County when it was formed from Augusta County in 1791. He died in Staunton, Virginia in 1807. In his "Annals of Augusta County, Virginia" (1902), historian Joseph Addison Waddell said of Mathews: "Colonel Mathews was a man of

neg: District of Louisiana District of Louisiana The District of Louisiana, or Louisiana District, was an official, temporary, United States government designation for the portion of the Louisiana Purchase that had not been organized into the Orleans Territory. It officially existed from March 10, 1804 until July 4, 1805, when it was incorporated as the Louisiana Territory. The area north of present-day Arkansas was commonly referred to as Upper Louisiana. The United States District of Louisiana had two incarnations: first, as a federally administered military district (March 10, 1804 - September 30, 1804); then as an organized territory (October 1, 1804 - July 4,

neg: Territorial evolution of North America since 1763 Alberta, Manitoba, and Saskatchewan. The cost was 60 million francs ($11,250,000) plus cancellation of debts worth 18 million francs ($3,750,000). Including interest, the U.S. finally paid $23,213,568 (US$ in 2019) for the Louisiana territory. The North West Company organized an overland expedition from Montreal to James Bay and a second expedition by sea. In September 1803, the overland party met the company's ship at Charlton Island in what is now Nunavut. There, they lay claim to the territory that drained into the Arctic in the name of the North West Company. Michigan Territory was split from Indiana Territory, including the

neg: History of the United States (1789–1849) A year later, Secretary of State John Quincy Adams negotiated the Adams-Onis Treaty with Spain. The Spanish agreed to turn over the no-longer-defensible Florida to the US and also give up their extremely flimsy claims to the distant Oregon Territory, in exchange for which American claims on Texas were renounced (some Americans had also been claiming parts of that territory under the Louisiana Purchase). The heretofore vague border between the US and Spanish North America was also settled upon. Although American designs on Texas did not disappear, they were put on the backburner for the more immediately important Florida. Meanwhile,

neg: Catahoula Parish, Louisiana operates local public schools. The 1087TH Transportation Company of the 165TH CSS (combat service support) Battalion of the 139TH RSG (regional support group) resides in Jonesville, Louisiana. Catahoula Parish, Louisiana Catahoula Parish () is a parish in the U.S. state of Louisiana. As of the 2010 census, the population was 10,407. Its seat is Harrisonburg, on the Ouachita River. The parish was formed in 1808, shortly after the United States acquired this territory in the Louisiana Purchase of 1803. Catahoula Parish was the home to many succeeding Native American groups in the thousands of years before European settlements began. Peoples

neg: Burr conspiracy Burr traveled down the Ohio River starting in Pittsburgh to the Louisiana Territory. In the spring, Burr met with Harman Blennerhassett, who proved valuable in helping Burr further his plan. He provided friendship, support, and most importantly, access to the island which he owned on the Ohio River, about 2 miles (3 km) below what is now Parkersburg, West Virginia. In 1806, Blennerhassett offered to provide Burr with substantial financial support. Burr and his co-conspirators used this island as a storage space for men and supplies. Burr tried to recruit volunteers to enter Spanish territories. In New Orleans, he met

neg: West Feliciana Parish, Louisiana newspaper was bought by Louisiana Suburban Press in 1979. Louisiana Suburban Press is part of Louisiana State Newspapers, owned by B.I Moody. On October 1, 2014, the "Democrat" was sold by Louisiana State Newspapers to Capital City Press Inc., owner of "The Advocate" (a major newspaper of Baton Rouge) and of other newspapers in the region. The "Feliciana Explorer" is an independent publication mailed to residents of East and West Feliciana. It is owned and published by Daniel Duggan, who also owns the "Zachary Post". Founded in 1976, "The Angolite" is a news magazine created and published at the Louisiana

neg: Louisiana Highway 88 US 90 through the area around 1969, the former alignment became LA 182, which now serves as the eastern terminus of LA 88. La DOTD is currently engaged in a program that aims to transfer about of state-owned roadways to local governments over the next several years. Under this plan of "right-sizing" the state highway system, the entire route of LA 88 is proposed for deletion as it does not meet a significant interurban travel function. Louisiana Highway 88 Louisiana Highway 88 (LA 88) is a state highway located in Iberia Parish, Louisiana. It runs in an east–west direction from

neg: Louisiana Highway 52 a program that aims to transfer about of state-owned roadways to local governments over the next several years. Under this plan of "right-sizing" the state highway system, the entire route of LA 52 is proposed for deletion as it does not meet a significant interurban travel function. Louisiana Highway 52 Louisiana Highway 52 (LA 52) is a state highway located in St. Charles Parish, Louisiana. It runs in a north–south direction along Paul Maillard Road from U.S. Highway 90 (US 90) and LA 633 in Boutte to LA 18 in Luling. The route serves as the main north–south thoroughfare of