query: who invented the supercomputer and the year invented

pos: Supercomputer at Control Data Corporation (CDC), Cray Research and subsequent companies bearing his name or monogram. The first such machines were highly tuned conventional designs that ran faster than their more general-purpose contemporaries. Through the 1960s, they began to add increasing amounts of parallelism with one to four processors being typical. From the 1970s, the vector computing concept with specialized math units operating on large arrays of data came to dominate. A notable example is the highly successful Cray-1 of 1976. Vector computers remained the dominant design into the 1990s. From then until today, massively parallel supercomputers with tens of thousands

pos: Brown University the installation of a supercomputer (by teraflops standards), the most powerful in the southeastern New England region. In the 1960s, Andries van Dam along with Ted Nelson, and Bob Wallace invented The Hypertext Editing Systems, HES and FRESS while at Brown. Nelson coined the word "hypertext". Van Dam's students helped originate XML, XSLT, and related Web standards. Other Brown alumni have distinguished themselves in the computer sciences. They include a principal architect of the Classic Mac OS, a principal architect of the Intel 80386 microprocessor line, the Microsoft Windows 95 project chief, a CEO of Apple, the former head of

pos: Batusi the 1960s American television series based on the comic book character Batman. There are conflicting reports as to who invented the dance, which became a national craze on the dance scene. One account is that it was invented by dance instructor Arthur Murray for "Batman", and was supposedly first performed at a cocktail party at a New York City discothèque, Harlow's. But in a 2005 "Wizard" magazine interview, Adam West claims credit for creating the Batusi's unique moves. Batusi Batusi was a 1960s style go-go dance invented for the "Batman" television series. The name is a pun on the then-popular

pos: Timeline of United States inventions (1890–1945) by Leo Gerstenzang in 1923, who invented the product after attaching wads of cotton to a toothpick. His product, which he named "Baby Gays", went on to become the most widely sold brand name, "Q-tip". 1923 Instant camera An instant camera is a type of camera with self-developing film. The earliest instant camera, which consisted of a camera and portable darkroom in a single compartment, was invented in 1923 by Samuel Shlafrock. In 1947, Edwin H. Land invented a new camera that produced photographic images in 60 seconds. A colored photograph model would follow in the 1960s and eventually receive

pos: Jun-ichi Nishizawa by Jun-ichi Nishizawa and Y. Watanabe. The PIN photodiode was also invented by Nishizawa and his colleagues in 1950. In 1952, he invented the avalanche photodiode. While working at Tohoku University in the 1960s, Nishizawa invented technologies that contributed to the development of optical fiber communications, such as the graded-index optical fiber as a channel for transmitting light from semiconductor lasers. He patented the graded-index optical fiber in 1964. In 1971, he invented the static induction thyristor. Nishizawa was a Life Fellow of the IEEE. He is a Fellow of several other institutions, including the Physical Society, the Russian Academy

neg: Economy of Ohio helped contribute to the modern communications world through many of his inventions, including his stock ticker, Kinetoscope, phonograph, and his contributions to the telegraph. Ohio resident Granville Woods invented the telegraphony, which he sold to the American Bell Telephone Company. Ohio is in the 1st quintile in the information industry, in terms of establishments for the information industry. In 2002, Ohio had reached 4,143 establishments, which are 3% of the United States' information establishments. Information establishments include printing and publishing establishments, broadcasting establishments, and telecommunications establishments. The Ohio Supercomputer Center is one of the largest supercomputer facilities in the country.

neg: Deus Ex: Human Revolution the scientists, and commandeers an orbital flight module to reach Panchaea. He confronts Darrow, who reveals that he wants humanity to abandon the augmentation technology he invented, because he believes it will destroy human identity. Adam sets out to disable Panchaea's Hyron Project supercomputer and end the broadcast; on the way, he encounters Taggart and Sarif, who each urge him to side with them and further their own agendas. At the heart of Panchaea, Jensen first confronts Zhao Yun Ru when she tries to hijack the signal for her own use; then Eliza, who offers Jensen four choices. Jensen can

neg: Zacharias Janssen The claim that Zacharias Janssen invented the telescope and the microscope dates back to the year 1655. During that time Dutch diplomat Willem Boreel conducted an investigation trying to figure out who invented the telescope. He had a local magistrate in Middelburg follow up on a 45 year old recollection of a spectacle maker named "Hans" who told a young Boreel in 1610 about inventing the telescope. In his investigation the magistrate was contacted by a then unknown claimant, Middelburg spectacle maker Johannes Zachariassen, the son of Zacharias Janssen, who testified under oath that his father invented the telescope and

neg: Pentago of developing and commercializing the product in North America. The 6×6 version of Pentago has been strongly solved with the help of a Cray supercomputer at NERSC. With symmetries removed, there are 3,009,081,623,421,558 possible positions. If both sides play perfectly, the first player to move will always win the game. So far Pentago has won 8 major awards, lastly Game of the Year 2007, by Creative Child Magazine. Pentago Pentago is a two-player abstract strategy game invented by Tomas Flodén. The game is played on a 6×6 board divided into four 3×3 sub-boards (or quadrants). Taking turns, the two players

neg: River Forest, Illinois pitcher Carlos Zambrano once lived in River Forest. Kathryn McGee, a resident of River Forest since 1956, has been recognized for founding two of the first organizations for the benefit of those with Down syndrome. Cook County former state's attorney Anita Alvarez lives in River Forest. Several junk food inventors resided in River Forest, including Edwin Perkins, who invented Kool-Aid, James Dewar, who invented the Twinkie, and Franklin Clarence Mars, who invented the Mars Bar. The winner of MasterChef Junior (U.S. season 4) was Addison Osta Smith, a 9-year-old from River Forest. Charles F. Baumrucker owned a jewelry business in

neg: John Milius had edited "Dillinger". They had a five-year deal with Warner Bros. Milius said, "Our motto is Civitas Sine Prudentia, which really translates to Social Irresponsibility; I believe in it. It's refreshing, it's liberating. Americans are basically socially irresponsible ... Who else would have invented the atomic bomb quite the same way? The Nazis would have invented it with the desire to conquer the world; we were the only people that could have invented it with the desire not to conquer the world" Its first production was an autobiographical surfing picture, "Big Wednesday" (1978) which he called "a surfing "How Green

neg: C. E. Lipe Machine Shop New York, was employed as a draughtsman for Lipe and began working in the Lipe shop as a 22-year-old apprentice in 1889. The two men were cousins. In 1894, at age 27, Casler invented the mutoscope, a peephole machine in which a viewer could watch a movie by turning a crank handle. In 1895, he invented the biograph camera, one of the world's first motion picture cameras and at the time, the best on the market. The first camera weighed more than 500 pounds. Casler teamed up with Harry Marvin of the Marvin Electric Rock Drill Company who invented an

neg: Donát Bánki Donát Bánki Donát Bánki (born as Donát Lőwinger, 6 June 1859 – 1 August 1922) was a Hungarian mechanical engineer and inventor. In 1893 he invented the carburetor for the stationary engine, together with János Csonka (known as the Bánki-Csonka engine). The invention is often, incorrectly credited to the German Wilhelm Maybach, who submitted his patent half a year after Bánki and Csonka. Bánki also greatly contributed to the design of compressors for combustion engines. He invented a water-turbine, as well, which is named after him. In 1898, Donát Bánki invented the high-compression engine with a dual carburetor, an evaporation

neg: John Nevil Maskelyne them to become firmly established on the national stage — including such marathon theatrical engagements as their famous 31-year tenancy at the Egyptian Hall, only ending in 1905 when the Hall was demolished. Maskelyne and Cooke invented many illusions still performed today. Maskelyne was adept at working out the principles of illusions, one of his best-known being levitation. Levitation is commonly, but incorrectly, said to be Jean Eugène Robert-Houdin's illusion, but it was Maskelyne who invented it. The confusion arises because Robert-Houdin invented the illusion "La Suspension Ethéréenne" (aka the "Broom Suspension"). Levitation is also credited to American magician Harry

neg: The Man Who Invented Christmas (film) with an average rating of 6.3/10. The website's critical consensus reads, ""The Man Who Invented Christmas" adds holiday magic to the writing of "A Christmas Carol", putting a sweetly revisionist spin on the story behind a classic yuletide tale." On Metacritic, which assigns a normalized rating to reviews, the film has a weighted average score 60 out of 100, based 32 critics, indicating "mixed or average reviews". The Man Who Invented Christmas (film) The Man Who Invented Christmas is a 2017 biographical drama film directed by Bharat Nalluri and written by Susan Coyne based on the book of the same

neg: Singularity (2017 film) with one other character as his performance was shot years after the majority of scenes were filmed. Singularity (2017 film) Singularity is an American science fiction film. It was written and directed by Robert Kouba, and its first shoot, in 2013, starred Julian Schaffner, Jeannine Wacker and Carmen Argenziano. The film was first released in 2017, after further scenes with John Cusack were added. In 2020, robotics company C.E.O. Elias VanDorne reveals Kronos, the supercomputer he has invented to end all war. Kronos decides that mankind is responsible for all war, and it tries to use robots to kill all

neg: IDataCool waste heat of iDataCool is used to drive an adsorption chiller that generates chilled water. The project pursues the following goals: The iDataCool cluster has been operating with hot-water cooling since 2011. The infrastructure support for energy reuse was finished in 2012. Members of the project have also been active in other supercomputer projects such as QCDOC and QPACE. SuperMUC is based on the cooling technology invented for QPACE, Aquasar, and iDataCool. The iDataCool research project was presented at the International Supercomputing Conference in Leipzig, Germany, in 2013, which led to it being featured in several articles. Power and cooling

neg: Glenn Canfield Jr. earned an MBA from the University of Texas at Tyler in 1987. After graduating from the University of Illinois, Canfield worked for Allegheny Ludlum Steel Co. in Brackenridge, Pennsylvania. The first computers were just being built. He did some work on the supercomputer ILLIAC, programming it with wires since chips had not been invented. In December 1960, Canfield was let go by Allegheny Ludlum when the steel industry went into a funk and went to work for Westinghouse Electric building nuclear reactors for submarines and the first aircraft carrier, and for electrical power plants. His job was to make the

neg: Quantum flux parametron parametrons can be operated with zero energy loss (no local increase in entropy), making reversible computing possible. Low energy use and heat generation is critical in supercomputer design, where thermal load per unit volume has become one of the main limiting factors. A related technology is the Rapid Single Flux Quantum digital logic. Quantum flux parametron Invented by Eiichi Goto at the University of Tokyo, the Quantum Flux Parametron (QFP) is an improvement over his earlier parametron based digital logic technology. Unlike its predecessor, QFP uses superconducting Josephson junctions on integrated circuits to improve speed and energy efficiency enormously. In

neg: Aleksandr Kogan (artist) in Jurmala. ln winter 2013, Alexander Kogan took part in the Song of the Year show and won the Golden Gramophone Award with his song "Who Invented the World". The singer's artistic background now also includes а stellar duet with Valeria. In the spring of 2014, with his video "Who Invented the World", Alexander was nominated for the Russian Music Award of RU.TV channel in tl1e Getting High category. At the same time, Kogan's new song "Who Was the One to Break Up" went on air and climbed to the top of the charts immediately. In May, а video with

neg: Singularity (2017 film) Singularity (2017 film) Singularity is an American science fiction film. It was written and directed by Robert Kouba, and its first shoot, in 2013, starred Julian Schaffner, Jeannine Wacker and Carmen Argenziano. The film was first released in 2017, after further scenes with John Cusack were added. In 2020, robotics company C.E.O. Elias VanDorne reveals Kronos, the supercomputer he has invented to end all war. Kronos decides that mankind is responsible for all war, and it tries to use robots to kill all humans. VanDorne and Damien Walsh, a colleague, upload themselves into Kronos and watch the destruction. Ninety-seven years

neg: Marc Kuchner Marc Kuchner Marc Kuchner (born August 7, 1972) is an American astrophysicist, a staff member at NASA's Goddard Space Flight Center (GSFC) known for work on images and imaging of disks and exoplanets. Together with Wesley Traub, he invented the band-limited coronagraph, a design for the proposed Terrestrial Planet Finder (TPF) telescope, also to be used on the James Webb Space Telescope (JWST). He is also known for his novel supercomputer models of planet-disk interactions and for developing the ideas of ocean planets, carbon planets, and Helium planets. Kuchner appears as an expert commentator in the National Geographic television show

neg: Ehud Shapiro Japan's Ministry of International Trade and Industry, begun in 1982, to create a computer using massively parallel computing/processing. It was to be the result of a massive government/industry research project in Japan during the 1980s. It aimed to create an "epoch-making computer" with-supercomputer-like performance and to provide a platform for future developments in artificial intelligence. In 1982, during a visit to the ICOT, Ehud Shapiro invented Concurrent Prolog, a novel concurrent programming language that integrated logic programming and concurrent programming. Concurrent Prolog is a logic programming language designed for concurrent programming and parallel execution. It is a process oriented language,

neg: History of computer clusters cluster—a cluster built on top of a commodity network for the specific purpose of "being a supercomputer" capable of performing tightly coupled parallel HPC computations—was invented, which spurred the independent development of grid computing as a named entity, although Grid-style clustering had been around at least as long as the Unix operating system and the Arpanet, whether or not it, or the clusters that used it, were named. History of computer clusters The history of computer clusters is best captured by a footnote in Greg Pfister's "In Search of Clusters": “Virtually every press release from DEC mentioning clusters says ‘DEC,

neg: Peter de Cupere Peter de Cupere Peter de Cupere (born 1970 in Leuven, Belgium) is an Olfactory artist who lives and works in Antwerp.. with fragrances. De Cupere creates work intended to explore our experiences of smelling. As part of his olfactory art practice, De Cupere explores technology. He invented the "Olfactio" in collaboration with Cartamundi. In collaboration with Gluon, Callebaut and chocolatier Patrick Mertens, he invented "Cocoa 5 Senses". Starting in 1997 and going on until 2004 he invented the first working scent piano, called Olfactiano . In 2012 he invented "The Blind Smell Stick" and "The Blind Smell Touch". These smell

neg: History of timekeeping devices great horologists in their own right, such as George Graham who invented the deadbeat escapement, orrery and mercury pendulum, and his pupil Thomas Mudge who created the first lever escapement. Famous clockmakers of this period included Joseph Windmills, Simon de Charmes who established the De Charmes clockmaker firm and Christopher Pinchbeck who invented the alloy pinchbeck. Later famous horologists included John Arnold who made the first practical and accurate modern watch by refining Harrison's chronometer, Thomas Earnshaw who was the first to make these available to the public, Daniel Quare, who invented a repeating watch movement, a portable barometer and

neg: Stained glass 1857 in New York City, was the first major decorative arts studio in the United States and for many years a major producer of ecclesiastical stained glass. Notable American practitioners include John La Farge (1835–1910), who invented opalescent glass and for which he received a U.S. patent on 24 February 1880, and Louis Comfort Tiffany (1848–1933), who received several patents for variations of the same opalescent process in November of the same year and is believed to have invented the copper foil method as an alternative to lead, and used it extensively in windows, lamps and other decorations. However, a

neg: Cloth diaper housewife named Marion Donovan, invented the "Boater", a waterproof covering for cloth diapers. Marion was granted 4 patents for her designs, including the use of plastic snaps that replaced the traditional and dangerous "safety pins". In 1950, the prefold diaper was invented by a diaper service owner and produced by Curity. The prefold diaper consisted of a standard "flat" diaper, but pre-folded and sewn together. Also in 1950, the Safe-T Di-Dee diaper was invented. The diaper was preformed and was the first pinless, snap-on diaper- this was the first fitted diaper. It was invented by Sybil Geeslin (Kennedy) who subsequently

neg: Invented (album) during its opening week, and debuted at number five on the "Billboard" Rock Albums chart and number eleven on the "Billboard" 200. All songs written and composed by Jimmy Eat World. The following personnel contributed to "Invented": Invented (album) Invented is the seventh studio album by American rock band Jimmy Eat World, released on September 28, 2010 through Interscope Records. Recorded primarily at the band's home-based studio, the album was co-produced by Mark Trombino, who had previously worked on the band's earlier material; "Static Prevails" (1996), "Clarity" (1999) and "Bleed American" (2001). The album was preceded by the single "My

neg: The Man Who Invented Christmas (film) The Man Who Invented Christmas (film) The Man Who Invented Christmas is a 2017 biographical drama film directed by Bharat Nalluri and written by Susan Coyne based on the book of the same name by Les Standiford. It stars Dan Stevens, Christopher Plummer, and Jonathan Pryce. The plot follows Charles Dickens (Stevens) at the time when he wrote "A Christmas Carol", and how Dickens' fictional character Ebenezer Scrooge (Plummer) was influenced by his real-life father, John Dickens (Pryce). It was released by Bleecker Street in the United States on 22 November 2017 and in the United Kingdom on 1 December

neg: American Crane Corporation by Frank Johnson and Oliver Crosby in St. Paul, Minnesota. One year later Franklin Manufacturing Company changed its name to American Manufacturing Company. A wire rope clamp designed to loop wire cable without the losing the integrity of the wire was invented by Oliver Crosby in 1886. American Manufacturing Company invented further enhancements to the construction industry by establishing steam-powered hoists in 1889 and the largest electric hoists, up to 15 hp. In 1892 American Manufacturing Company became known as American Hoist & Derrick for the next 106 years. The first mobile crane, the Traveling Derrick, was invented in 1895.

neg: Ji Chen written 40 articles and held 28 lectures. Ji Chen Ji Chen is an American nuclear physicist who invented an image analysis software. Ji Chen got his PhD from the Georgia Institute of Technology in 2003 and the same year got employed by the Emory University where he invented an image analysis software which can automatically calculate the prognosis of heart failure in patients by using left-vetricular dyssynchrony. In 2006 he was awarded the "GE Healthcare Research Award" from the American Society of Nuclear Cardiology and by 2009 got a grant from both the National Institute of Health and National Heart,

neg: Ji Chen Ji Chen Ji Chen is an American nuclear physicist who invented an image analysis software. Ji Chen got his PhD from the Georgia Institute of Technology in 2003 and the same year got employed by the Emory University where he invented an image analysis software which can automatically calculate the prognosis of heart failure in patients by using left-vetricular dyssynchrony. In 2006 he was awarded the "GE Healthcare Research Award" from the American Society of Nuclear Cardiology and by 2009 got a grant from both the National Institute of Health and National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute. Currently he has

neg: Charles Holland Duell United States Senate On January 5, 1905, and received his commission the same day, but he only remained on the bench for a year and a half, resigning on August 31, 1906. He resumed his private practice in New York City until 1915. He died on January 29, 1920, in Yonkers, New York. Duell has become famous for, during his tenure as United States Commissioner of Patents, purportedly saying "Everything that can be invented has been invented." However, this has been debunked as apocryphal by librarian Samuel Sass who traced the quote back to a 1981 book titled "The Book

neg: Jean Morlet Jean Morlet Jean Morlet (; January 13, 1931 – April 27, 2007) was a French geophysicist who pioneered work in the field of wavelet analysis around the year 1975. He invented the term "wavelet" to describe the functions he was using. In 1981, Morlet worked with Alex Grossman to develop what is now known as the Wavelet transform. Morlet graduated from the École Polytechnique in 1952 and was research engineer at Elf Aquitaine when he invented wavelets to solve signal processing problems for oil prospecting. He was awarded in 1997 with the Reginald Fessenden Award. He was awarded in 2001

neg: Cheeseburger invented the cheeseburger. For example, Kaelin's Restaurant in Louisville, Kentucky, said it invented the cheeseburger in 1934. One year later, a trademark for the name "cheeseburger" was awarded to Louis Ballast of the Humpty Dumpty Drive-In in Denver, Colorado. According to Steak 'n Shake archives, the restaurant's founder, Gus Belt, applied for a trademark on the word in the 1930s. The steamed cheeseburger, a variation almost exclusively served in central Connecticut, is believed to have been invented at a restaurant called Jack’s Lunch in Middletown, Connecticut, in the 1930s. The largest cheeseburger ever made in the world weighed 2,014 pounds

neg: Pogo (dance) Filth and the Fury", Sex Pistols bassist Sid Vicious claimed that he invented the pogo sometime around 1976 at punk shows in the early days of London's punk scene. Vicious supposedly invented the dance as a way of mocking people who came to see Sex Pistols' performances, but who were not part of the punk movement. Whether Vicious actually invented the dance or not, the pogo quickly became closely associated with punk rock. Shane MacGowan, himself an early follower of the punk scene, also attributes pogo dancing to Vicious, claiming that a leather poncho he wore to gigs prevented him

neg: Invented here employees. One quotation that sums up the philosophy of "Invented Here" is "Gee, it can't be worth much if someone local thought of it first." Invented here Invented here is an opposite of "not invented here" and occurs when management of an organisation is uncomfortable with innovation or development conducted in-house. Reasons this might be the case are varied, and range from a lack of confidence in the staff within the organisation to a desire to have a third party to blame in the event that a project fails. One effect of this version of "invented here" is that detailed

neg: James S. Albus extended a previous theory published by David Marr in 1969. Based on his cerebellar model, Albus invented a new type of neural net computer, the Cerebellar Model Articulation Controller (CMAC), for which he received the IR-100 award from Industrial Research Magazine as one of the 100 most important industrial innovations of the year 1976. Albus invented and developed a new generation of robot cranes based on six cables and six winches configured as a Stewart platform. Albus co-invented the Real-Time Control System (RCS), a reference model architecture that has been used over the past 25 years for a number of

neg: Chickasaw Mudd Puppies of Art at the University of Georgia. Despite their famous producers, who also backed up the duo in the studio, Chickasaw Mudd Puppies received little popular attention outside of Athens. Their use of traditional and "invented" percussion instruments, including the stomp board (invented), washboard, cowbells, and even cans, combined with the occasional dobro and lap steel guitars, gave their music an Americana sound. Their reunion after a 20-year hiatus was sparked by recent interests in their music including songs in the films, The Mechanic and Tracing Cowboys. Alan Cowart, drummer of the Jacksonville band, The Beggar Weeds (also Stipe-produced), joined

neg: Timeline of United States inventions (1946–91) to earth. Tom Kelly as a project engineer at Grumman, invented and successfully designed the Lunar Module. 1969 Electromagnetic lock 1969 Laser printer A laser printer is a common type of computer printer that rapidly produces high quality text and graphics on plain paper. The laser printer was invented at Xerox in 1969 by researcher Gary Starkweather, who had an improved printer working by 1971 and incorporated into a fully functional networked printer system by about a year later. 1969 Bioactive glass Bioactive glasses are a group of surface reactive glass-ceramics. The biocompatibility of these glasses has led them to

neg: I Invented Sex just the thing to boost the already-substantial sales of Songz' third album." In the song's remix, Songz makes references to Tiger Woods, as he also refers to "going in like a Lil Wayne-Drake song." "DJBooth" said that Songz sings alongside, "Usher, who basically invented the modern sexual r&b blueprint that Songz is following, and Hilson, who more than holds her own alongside the boys with some scintillating vocals and hilarious 'soldier at attention' sexual entendres." The review goes on to state, "These three may not have invented sex, but they sure make listening to music while having sex more enjoyable."

neg: Whitcomb L. Judson cable streetcar firm bought them out and turned it into an electric streetcar since Judson's system was impractical. Judson was an inventor who was awarded 30 (patents) over a sixteen-year career. He received fourteen patents on street railway ideas before his most noteworthy invention, a chain-lock fastener. This was the precursor to the modern zipper which he developed and invented in 1890. Judson is recognized as the inventor of the zipper. He also invented a "clasp-locker" automation production machine that made his fastener device inexpensively. There were many technical problems in making the "clasp-lockers", however. Judson’s metal zipper fastener device

neg: Melitta Melitta Melitta () is a German company selling coffee, paper coffee filters, and coffee makers, part of the Melitta Group, which has branches in other countries. The company is headquartered in Minden, North Rhine-Westphalia. It is named after Melitta Bentz (1873–1950) who founded the company after she invented the drip brew paper coffee filter (German patent granted July 8, 1908). Bentz later ran the company as a family business. In 1908, Melitta Bentz, a 35-year-old housewife from Dresden, Germany, invented the first coffee filter, receiving a patent registration for her "Filter Top Device lined with Filter Paper" from the Patent

neg: Edward R. McDonald complete instructions for the game are quite complex and are printed on 3 pages. It remains unknown if McDonald's Crossword Game was ever marketed since no original prototype are known to exist. McDonald's daughter, Betty Carvell. who was born around the same year the game was invented recalls during her childhood that family acquaintances would come to their house to play on a wooden board game with letter tiles on the kitchen table with her father. The Scrabble-like board game invented by McDonald is documented by various sources, including the Province of New Brunswick website, the New Brunswick Book of

neg: Mango pomelo sago to the tropical rainforest climate in Southeast Asia, he intentionally invented this dessert to make people feel cooler after having a taste of it. Inspired by the local ingredients in Singapore, Wong decided to make a dessert featuring mango, pomelo and sago. However, there is another version of the origin saying that this dessert was invented by the Lei Garden in order to make good use of the leftover pomelo after making Lo Hei in Chinese New Year. According to Maria Cordero, a Filipino-Hong Kong singer who is fond of cooking, the process of making this dessert is 'a piece

neg: Roman army mutiny in 342 BC that a revolt took place, moreover some of the measures which according to Livy were passed in aftermath of the mutiny seems too obscure to have been invented out of nothing. Forsythe(2005) considers the mutiny a fiction invented by later Roman writers to provide context for the important laws that were passed this year. According to Livy, Valerius brought forward a proposal granting immunity to all who had taken part in the secession during an assembly of the people at the Peteline Grove. A "Lex Sacrata" ("sacred law") that no one should be struck from the military list against his

neg: Zacharias Janssen claims include that his father invented the telescope in 1590, that his father invented the telescope in 1604, that he and his father invented the telescope in 1618, and that Jacob Metius and Cornelis Drebbel bought a telescope from him and his father in 1620 and copied it. Johannes also seems to have lied about his own date of birth, maybe so he could stake his own claim as inventor of the telescope along with his father. The 1655 investigation by William Boreel (who may have been a childhood friend of Zacharias Zachariassen) added to the confusion over invention. The

neg: Munich Queen recording albums there. Munich also played a significant role in the development of electronic music, with genre pioneer Giorgio Moroder, who invented synth disco and electronic dance music, and Donna Summer, one of disco music's most important performers, both living and working in the city. In the late 1990s, Electroclash was substantially co-invented if not even invented in Munich, when DJ Hell introduced and assembled international pioneers of this musical genre through his International DeeJay Gigolo Records label here. Other examples of notable musicians and bands from Munich are Konstantin Wecker, , Spider Murphy Gang, Münchener Freiheit, Lou Bega,

neg: Francis Blake (telephone) Francis Blake (telephone) Francis Blake, Jr. (1850 – 1913) was born in Needham, Massachusetts, the son of Caroline Burling (Trumbull) and Francis Blake, Sr. and died in Weston, Massachusetts. In 1877 Francis Blake invented a carbon microphone for use in the telephone, and patented it before Thomas Edison invented a similar microphone that also used carbon contacts. Blake used a carbon button design that initially would not stay in adjustment, but with later improvements proved to be workable. Alexander Graham Bell hired Blake and put him to work with Emile Berliner who also invented a carbon microphone. The improved Berliner-Blake

neg: IConji shortage of attempts to create a new and “better” universal language. An exhaustive account of these efforts can be found in the book “In the Land of Invented Languages” by Arika Okrent. According to Okrent, in the last thousand years, more than 900 languages have been invented, often by individuals who believed they had a universal solution for global, cross-cultural communication. Most attempts at creating a new language failed due to overly-ambitious goals, or eccentricities of their inventor. Many attempts have been based on pictograms or logograms, including iConji and the following. Of all the recently invented pictographic systems, Blissymbolics

neg: Invented here Invented here Invented here is an opposite of "not invented here" and occurs when management of an organisation is uncomfortable with innovation or development conducted in-house. Reasons this might be the case are varied, and range from a lack of confidence in the staff within the organisation to a desire to have a third party to blame in the event that a project fails. One effect of this version of "invented here" is that detailed knowledge of the innovation or development never passes to permanent employees, resulting in recurring additional expenditure and a lack of goodwill and bankable experience by

neg: Petrochemical in the early 1950s. In 1937, Wallace Hume Carothers invented nylon. In 1946, he invented Polyester. polyethylene terephthalate (PET) bottles are made from ethylene and paraxylene. In 1938, Otto Bayer invented polyurethane. In 1941, Roy Plunkett invented Teflon. In 1949, Fritz Stastny turned polystyrene into foam. In 1965, Stephanie Kwolek invented Kevlar. The following is a partial list of the major commercial petrochemicals and their derivatives: Petrochemical Petrochemicals (also known as petroleum distillates) are chemical products derived from petroleum. Some chemical compounds made from petroleum are also obtained from other fossil fuels, such as coal or natural gas, or renewable

neg: Santorio Santorio experimentalist. Santorio was the first to use a wind gauge, a water current meter, the "pulsilogium" (a device used to measure the pulse rate), and a thermoscope. Whereas he invented the former two devices, it is unclear exactly who invented the latter two; it could be his friend Galileo Galilei or another person of the learned circle in Venice of which they were members. He also invented a device which he called the "trocar" (not identical to the modern trocar) for removing bladder stones. Santorio introduced the thermoscope in the work titled "Sanctorii Sanctorii Commentaria in Artem medicinalem Galeni" in

neg: Optical microscope that his father, Zacharias Janssen, invented the compound microscope and/or the telescope as early as 1590. Johannes' (some claim dubious) testimony pushes the invention date so far back that Zacharias would have been a child at the time, leading to speculation that, for Johannes' claim to be true, the compound microscope would have to have been invented by Johannes' grandfather, Hans Martens. Another claim is that Janssen's competitor, Hans Lippershey (who applied for the first telescope patent in 1608) also invented the compound microscope. Other historians point to the Dutch innovator Cornelis Drebbel with his 1621 compound microscope. Galileo Galilei

neg: Massimo Osti effective. It started a trend that would later be followed by many other companies in the industry. 1987 was an important year in Osti's career. He invented and presented Rubber Flax and Rubber Wool – linen and wool with a thin, rubber coating. The rubber made the materials waterproof, improved their resistance and added a totally new look and feel to the garments. In the same year Osti experimented with brushed combed wool for the first time. Today all mills use this procedure for processing woolen textiles, the same process Osti invented in 1987. The year also saw the birth

neg: History of science and technology in Japan capacitance diode) in 1959. In 1955, Jun-ichi Nishizawa invented the first solid-state maser. In 1957, Nishizawa invented the semiconductor laser, and discovered semiconductor inductance. The continuous wave semiconductor laser was invented by Izuo Hayashi and Morton B. Panish in 1970. This led directly to the light sources in fiber-optic communication, laser printers, barcode readers, and optical disc drives, technologies that were commercialized by Japanese entrepreneurs. In 1992, Japanese inventor Shuji Nakamura invented the first efficient blue laser (blue LED). Nakamura invented it with Isamu Akasaki and Hiroshi Amano, for which the three of them were awarded the 2014 Nobel Prize

neg: Invention in Canada 1932. In 1937, Donald Higgs invented what would become the Walkie-talkie. On the domestic scene, Herbert McCool invented Easy-Off Oven Cleaner in Regina in 1932 and Frederick F. Tisdall, M.D., T. G. H. Drake, M.B., Pearl Summerfeldt, M.B., and Alan Brown, M.B. of the Hospital for Sick Children in Toronto, invented pablum in 1930. Eli Franklin Burton along with students James Hillier, Cecil Hall and Albert Prebus invented the electron microscope at the University of Toronto in 1938 and Hugh Le Caine invented the music synthesizer in 1945. The 1940s also saw Frank Forward invent techniques for refining nickel and

neg: Baseball (ball) usually manufactured their own baseballs to use in games. There is no agreement on who invented the commonplace figure-8 stitching on baseballs. Some historians say that it was invented by Ellis Drake, a shoemaker's son, to make the cover stronger and more durable. Others say it was invented by Colonel William A. Cutler and sold to William Harwood in 1858. Harwood built a factory in Natick, Massachusetts, and was the first to popularize and mass-produce baseballs with the figure-8 design. In 1876, the National League (NL) was created, and standard rules and regulations were put in place. A.G. Spalding, a

neg: Pie à la Mode and wrote an article about it the next day. Soon, Pie à la Mode became a standard on menus around the United States. When Charles Watson Townsend, died on May 20, 1936, a controversy developed as to who really invented Pie à la Mode. The "New York Times" reported that “Pie à la Mode” was first invented by Townsend at the Cambridge Hotel in Cambridge, New York in the late 1800s. It was later reported by several sources that Townsend ordered pie and ice cream at the Cambridge Hotel in 1896, and thus invented the dessert. The legend also states

neg: Invented (album) Invented (album) Invented is the seventh studio album by American rock band Jimmy Eat World, released on September 28, 2010 through Interscope Records. Recorded primarily at the band's home-based studio, the album was co-produced by Mark Trombino, who had previously worked on the band's earlier material; "Static Prevails" (1996), "Clarity" (1999) and "Bleed American" (2001). The album was preceded by the single "My Best Theory", released on digital download on August 10, 2010. Lyrically influenced by the photographic works of Cindy Sherman and Hannah Starkey, vocalist, guitarist and lyricist Jim Adkins states that each song is its own "closed narrative,"

neg: Origins of baseball Spalding's personal factotum. Several other members had personal reasons to declare baseball as an "American" game, such as Spalding's strong American imperialist views. The Commission found an appealing story: baseball was invented in a quaint rural town without foreigners or industry, by a young man who later graduated from West Point and served heroically in the Mexican–American War, Civil War, and U.S. wars against Indians. The Mills Commission concluded that Doubleday had invented baseball in Cooperstown, New York in 1839; that Doubleday had invented the word "baseball", designed the diamond, indicated fielders' positions, and written the rules. No written records

neg: Circular saw it to be fastened to heavy equipment, eliminating the need for a separate energy source. The circular saw was invented around the end of the 18th century as a rip-saw to "convert" logs into lumber in sawmills and various claims have been made as to who invented the circular saw. Before the design was invented logs were sawn by hand using a pit saw or using powered saws in a sawmill using an "up-and-down" saw with a reciprocating motion. The rotary nature of the circular saw requires more power to operate but cuts faster because the teeth are in constant

neg: History of science and technology in Japan independently in 1982 by General Motors (GM) and Sumitomo Special Metals. It is the most widely used type of rare-earth magnet. In 1950, the static induction transistor was invented by Jun-ichi Nishizawa and Y. Watanabe. It was the first type of JFET (junction gate field-effect transistor), with a short channel length. In 1971, Jun-ichi Nishizawa invented the static induction thyristor. The PIN diode/photodiode was invented by Jun-ichi Nishizawa and his colleagues in 1950. This was the basis for the laser diode. In 1952, Nishizawa invented the avalanche photodiode. Nishizawa also introduced tunnel injection in 1958, and invented the varicap (variable

neg: Michelangelo Sapiano was awarded a silver medal in an Industrial Exhibition which was held in 1864. Apart from showing the time, days and date this clock also shows the phases of the moon and the time at which the sun rises and goes down. This clock also has a mechanism which marks when a year is a leap year. Sapiano made other interesting inventions. He invented an alarm clock, which at the time of ringing, produced a spark and lighted a candle to show the time. Another clock he invented had a moving globe with the world map, and every half an

neg: Henry Leavitt Ellsworth patent office, taken out of context and embellished, was apparently the source of an urban legend that a patent office official (Charles H. Duell in some versions) claimed that everything which could be invented had already been invented. In his 1843 report to Congress, Ellsworth stated: "The advancement of the arts, from year to year, taxes our credulity and seems to presage the arrival of that period when human improvement must end." The report then lists a record number of patents, implying his comment was intended to be humorous. Following Ellsworth's stint in the Patent Office, he settled in Lafayette,

neg: Associated Equipment Distributors machine distributor, as a salesman. Within a year, he bought the company and renamed it to Hunter Machinery Co. Hunter and his company invented the first bulldozer used to plow snow off roads. He also invented the first truck-mounted cement mixer. In 1919, he created the Associated Equipment Distributors as a trade association for companies like his own. In 1954, Hunter returned to AED as a member of the advisory board. In 1966, independent distributors of construction equipment sold $1.1 billion in new equipment and $270 million in used equipment in the United States. That year, America had a fleet

neg: John Arnold (cinematographer) That year Arnold filmed "The Big Parade", which won the Photoplay Magazine Medal for best film of the year. The medal is considered the first significant annual movie award, prior to the establishment of the Oscars. 1927 saw the development of the "Arnold light", an incandescent light which replaced the arc lights which was used prior. In 1929 Arnold invented a new type of "sound-proof" camera, to reduce the noise in filming sound productions. Its first use was in Lionel Barrymore's "The Unholy Night", although Arnold was not the cinematographer on that film. In 1929 Arnold invented the "bungalow", a

neg: Middle-earth calendar Middle-earth calendar J. R. R. Tolkien invented a number of calendars for his legendarium. "Middle-earth" is the term for inhabited Earth in the setting of a fictional prehistoric era, so a year is the same length as our year. Appendix D of Tolkien's "The Lord of the Rings" (published 1955) gives details of his invented calendars. The most elaborate of these is the Shire Calendar used by his fictional Hobbits of the Shire. The calendar is directly based on the historical Anglo-Saxon calendar described by Bede. The same appendix gives more information on the Shire Calendar's background in the fictional

neg: Invented (album) think it's our best work so far. I have little complaints about it." On August 10, 2010, "My Best Theory" was released as a single, and released to radio on August 17. "Invented " was released on September 28 through Interscope Records. Upon release, "Invented" included four individual pictures, designed to look like instant camera photographs, outwith the album's standard CD artwork. "Coffee and Cigarettes" was released to radio on November 23. In May and June 2011, the group went on a headlining tour of the US. Following this, the group appeared at Glastonbury Festival in the UK. "Invented" received

neg: I Invented Sex Invented Sex" was sung at the 2010 BET Honors on February 1, 2010. He performed the song once again on "106 & Park" on February 11, 2010 for "Love Week" with a medley of "Neighbors Know My Name", and "Say Aah". He again performed it in March 2010 at MTV's Spring Break 2010, in Acapulco, Mexico. Keri Hilson and Usher joined Songz to perform the official remix at WHTA's Jingle Ball in December 2009. Source I Invented Sex "I Invented Sex" is a song by American R&B singer Trey Songz, and features Canadian recording artist Drake. Together, they wrote the

neg: Petrochemical discovered polystyrene by accident by distilling storax. In 1856, William Henry Perkin discovered the first synthetic dye, Mauveine. In 1888, Friedrich Reinitzer, an Austrian plant scientist observed cholesteryl benzoate had two different melting points. In 1909, Leo Hendrik Baekeland invented bakelite made from phenol and formaldehyde. In 1928 synthetic fuels invented using Fischer-Tropsch process. In 1929, Walter Bock invented synthetic rubber Buna-S which is made up of styrene and butadiene and used to make car tires. In 1933, Otto Röhm polymerized the first acrylic glass methyl methacrylate. In 1935, Michael Perrin invented polyethylene. After World War II, polypropylene was discovered

neg: YMCA of Holyoke, Massachusetts, invented the sport of volleyball as a slower paced alternative sport, in which the older Y members could participate. In 1930, from the YMCA of Montevideo, Uruguay, invented the sport of futsal, an indoor version of football (soccer), having been created in synthesis with the rules of the three indoor sports of handball, basketball, and water polo. In fact, many popular sports were actually invented at YMCAs around the country. Basketball, volleyball and racquetball are all Y inventions. The Auburn Y's History Committee unearthed these stories about the creation of these sports. Basketball was invented at the

neg: History of Ohio Ohio achieved prominence. After witnessing a car and carriage crash, Garrett Morgan invented one of the earliest traffic lights; he was a leader in the Cleveland Association of Colored Men. Frederick McKinley Jones invented refrigeration devices for transportation which ultimately led to the Thermo King Corporation. In Cincinnati Granville Woods invented the telegraphony, which he sold to a telephone company. John P. Parker of Ripley invented the Parker Pulverizer and screw for tobacco processes. Ohio's economic growth was aided by their pursuit of infrastructure. By the late 1810s, the National Road crossed the Appalachian Mountains, connecting Ohio with the east

neg: Architecture parlante of an erect phallus. Within more practical applications, nonce orders, invented under the impetus of Neoclassicism, have served as examples of "architecture parlante". Several orders, usually simply based upon the Composite order and only varying in the design of the capitals, have been invented under the inspiration of specific occasions, but have not been used again. Thus they may be termed "nonce orders" on the analogy of nonce words. Robert Adam's brother James, in Rome in 1762, invented a "British Order" featuring the heraldic lion and unicorn. In 1789 George Dance invented an Ammonite Order, a variant of Ionic substituting

neg: Pellegrino Turri Pellegrino Turri Pellegrino Turri, an Italian inventor, invented a mechanical typing machine, one of the first typewriters at the start of the 19th century (conflicting accounts suggest 1801, 1806 or 1808) for his blind friend Countess Carolina Fantoni da Fivizzano. He also invented carbon paper to provide the ink for his machine. According to another version, the machine was invented in 1802 by Agostino Fantoni from Fivizzano, nephew of the Italian poet Labindo, to help his blind sister, while Turri, only improved Fantoni's machine and invented the carbon paper in 1806. Although not much is known about the machine, some

neg: Stone washing onto the fabric. A number of people and organizations have claimed to have invented stone-washing. According to Levi Strauss & Co., Donald Freeland, an employee of the Great Western Garment Company (later acquired by Levi's), invented "stone-washing" denim in the 1950s. Inventor Claude Blankiet has also been credited with having invented the technique in the 1970s. The jeans company Edwin claims to have invented the technique in the 1980s. It is commonly accepted that French stylists Marithé + François Girbaud are inventors of industrialization of stone washing ("Stonewash" technic). Stonewashed jeans are jeans that have been treated to produce a

neg: Not invented here series of projects to update the GNOME desktop in the early 2000s. The similar term "Invented Here, But Let's Reinvent It Anyway" (IHBLRIA) was coined by Alex Papadimoulis in an article for The Daily WTF in 2004. Not invented here Not invented here (NIH) is a stance adopted by social, corporate, or institutional cultures that avoid using or buying already existing products, research, standards, or knowledge because of their external origins and costs, such as royalties. Research illustrates a strong bias against ideas from the outside. The reasons for not wanting to use the work of others are varied, but

neg: Pellegrino Turri 26 et seq. Pellegrino Turri Pellegrino Turri, an Italian inventor, invented a mechanical typing machine, one of the first typewriters at the start of the 19th century (conflicting accounts suggest 1801, 1806 or 1808) for his blind friend Countess Carolina Fantoni da Fivizzano. He also invented carbon paper to provide the ink for his machine. According to another version, the machine was invented in 1802 by Agostino Fantoni from Fivizzano, nephew of the Italian poet Labindo, to help his blind sister, while Turri, only improved Fantoni's machine and invented the carbon paper in 1806. Although not much is known about

neg: Invention in Canada be introduced. In the early twentieth century, several dozen individuals and small businesses located mostly in southern Ontario experimented with snowblower innovation. One of these, Samuel McLaughlin of Oshawa, eventually became the basis for General Motors of Canada. S. L. C. Coleman of Fredericton, New Brunswick invented the sway bar, a device to improve the suspension of automobiles, in 1919. The dump truck was invented in Saint John, New Brunswick in 1920 by Robert T. Mawhinney. In Montreal Alexis Nihon invented the tubeless tire. It was within this context that Joseph Bombardier in Quebec invented his automobile for the snow,

neg: Invention in Canada newsprint made from woodpulp and Abraham Gesner invented kerosene in Halifax in 1846. Thomas Willson innovated techniques for the production of acetylene. Experiments in X-ray technology were conducted at RMC in Kingston, Ontario. Henry Ruttan improved techniques for the heating and ventilation of buildings and railway cars. In the United States, Canadian James Lee invented the rifle magazine. Matthew Evans and Henry Woodward (inventor) invented and patented the incandescent electric light in Toronto in 1874 and later sold the patent to Edison. This would become the basis for his renowned endeavours with electric lighting. Thomas Willson invented the electric arc

neg: Invented (album) swallowed by impactful percussion that are engulfed by storm clouds of dynamic guitar work and melody." Kyle Ryan of "The A.V. Club" was also favorable in his review and gave the album a "B+" grade. He wrote, "songs boast huge-sounding guitars, like “Evidence,” “Invented,” and “My Best Theory,” whose thick fuzz recalls Smashing Pumpkins. But the seven-minute “Invented” spends more time exploring a sparser mood, as does the six-minute-plus closer, “Mixtape”. In the end, Jimmy Eat World strikes a balance between its basics (big guitars and catchy sing-alongs) and the musical growth of the past 16 years. "Invented" is less

neg: History of Connecticut industry manufacture of firearms, as well as steam pumps and power looms. Christopher Spencer invented the automatic turret lathe (which in its small- to medium-sized form is known as a screw machine) for machining screws, as well as the variable cam cylinder used to control the turret. Francis A. Pratt and Amos Whitney invented a thread milling machine in 1865; Whitney also perfected various measurement instruments, and Pratt designed the aforementioned original milling machine manufactured by the George S. Lincoln company of Hartford. Simon Fairman invented the lathe chuck in West Stafford in 1830, and his son-in-law, Austin F. Cushman, invented

neg: I Invented Sex I Invented Sex "I Invented Sex" is a song by American R&B singer Trey Songz, and features Canadian recording artist Drake. Together, they wrote the song alongside Tony Scales and its producer, Los Da Mystro. It was released to urban airplay as the third single from Songz's third studio album "Ready" on October 13, 2009. The song features a sensual message, accompanied by heavy percussion. "I Invented Sex" received positive reviews, and reached number forty-two on the "Billboard" Hot 100, and became Songz's first song to top the Hot R&B/Hip-Hop Songs chart. Its official remix features fellow R&B singers Keri

neg: We Invented the Remix album on sale or at a comparable price it's just not a good investment. The only thing P. Diddy "Invented" here was a mediocre album." We Invented the Remix We Invented the Remix is a remix album by P. Diddy and The Bad Boy Family, released on May 14, 2002. It features remixes of hit singles by artists from P. Diddy's Bad Boy Records record label. The album reached number one of the U.S. "Billboard" 200 albums chart for a week and was later certified Platinum for shipments of over one million copies. The album also reached number 17 on

neg: Barefoot skiing barefoot starting techniques were invented including the two-ski jump out, the beach start (invented by Ken Tibado in 1955), and the deep water start (invented by Joe Cash in 1958). The tumble-turn maneuver was 'invented' by accident during a double barefoot routine in 1960 when Terry Vance fell onto his back during a step-off and partner Don Thomson (still on his skis) spun him around forward, enabling Vance to regain a standing posture. In 1961, Randy Rabe became the first backward barefooter by stepping off a trick ski backwards, a maneuver Dick Pope had first tried in 1950 but vowed

neg: Minichess chess. In difference from Gardner minichess, black pieces are mirrored. Paul Jacobs and Marco Meirovitz suggested another starting position for 5×5 chess shown at the right. Jeff Mallett (main developer of Zillions of Games), suggested setup in which white has two knights against two black bishops. There are several chess variants on 5×6 board. The earliest published one is Petty chess, which was invented by B. Walker Watson in 1930. Speed chess was invented by Mr. den Oude in 1988. Elena chess was invented by Sergei Sirotkin in 1999. QuickChess was invented by Joseph Miccio in 1991. Pawn double-move and

neg: Kakrali blacksmiths in the whole region in his time). o He also had very talented brothers (Muhammad Sharif, Muhammad Bashir, Mohammad Siddique and Muhammad Sadiq) who have all died now. o He invented several machines including electric Toka Machine called Rizwan Toka. he also invented worm gear, electric domestic Chucky (domestic electric machine which turns grains into flour), and another kind of water suction pump. o He was a very gentle and humble person. o He left his Rizwan Toka business (Rizwan is his eldest grandson who lives in England) to his sons who are still running this business in Kotla

neg: History of the telescope way all over Europe. In 1655 Dutch diplomat William de Boreel tried to solve the mystery of who invented the telescope. He had a local magistrate in Middelburg follow up on Boreel's childhood and early adult recollections of a spectacle maker named "Hans" who he remembered as the inventor of the telescope. The magistrate was contacted by a then unknown claimant, Middelburg spectacle maker Johannes Zachariassen, who testified that his father, Zacharias Janssen invented the telescope and the microscope as early as 1590. This testimony seemed convincing to Boreel, who now recollected that Zacharias and his father, Hans Martens, must

neg: Sexecutioner touring, in a special effects company. According to Drakulich (who answered this question on Bohab Central, a prominent Gwar fansite, on January 13, 2007), the term "bohab" was, in part, invented by Varga - initially, it was a nickname for a socially inept friend of Hunter Jackson's (named Bob), invented by Dave Musel; after hearing him say this (he was in the room when this happened), "He instantly shortened it by getting rid of the Slohab then coined as part of the Slave-Pit lexicon to refer to anyone who is socially awkward, who drones on about trivial matters while boring

neg: Induction coil reduce eddy current losses. Michael Faraday discovered the principle of induction, Faraday's induction law, in 1831 and did the first experiments with induction between coils of wire. The induction coil was invented by the American physician Charles Grafton Page in 1836 and independently by Irish scientist and Catholic priest Nicholas Callan in the same year at the St. Patrick's College, Maynooth and improved by William Sturgeon. George Henry Bachhoffner and Sturgeon (1837) independently discovered that a "divided" iron core of iron wires reduced power losses. The early coils had hand cranked interrupters, invented by Callan and Antoine Philibert Masson (1837).

neg: Terje Isungset those sensible to the poetry and simplicity of sounds. His work is highly acclaimed in the press, often described as innovative, visual, energetic, and different from any previously known concepts. His love for ice music was raised in 1999 when the commission of the winterfestival at Lillehammer asked him to compose and play in a frozen waterfall. He has invented the concept of icemusic, and also invented a way to perform icemusic indoor in ordinary concert halls, doing around 50 indoor ice concerts every year. CNN calls Isungset the first and only icemusician in the world. Isungset has been commissioned

neg: Welding further advances allowed for the welding of reactive metals like aluminum and magnesium. This in conjunction with developments in automatic welding, alternating current, and fluxes fed a major expansion of arc welding during the 1930s and then during World War II. In 1930, the first all-welded merchant vessel, M/S Carolinian, was launched. During the middle of the century, many new welding methods were invented. In 1930, Kyle Taylor was responsible for the release of stud welding, which soon became popular in shipbuilding and construction. Submerged arc welding was invented the same year and continues to be popular today. In 1932

neg: Innocenzo Manzetti conceptualized and invented electrical telephony in Canada in July 1874, and did not actually build a working model until March 1876, thus mooting the suggestion of the invention's theft from Manzetti by Bell or others although contacts between Bell and Meucci prior to Bell's patent filings are confirmed. Other machines invented by Manzetti included: Manzetti married Rosa Sofia Anzola in 1864. His first daughter, Maria Sofia, died in 1867 at the age of two. Manzetti himself died in Aosta on his 51st birthday, poor and largely unrecognized, one year after the death of his second and last daughter, Marina Fortunata.

neg: Fireworks Year and the Mid-Autumn Moon Festival were and still are times when fireworks are guaranteed sights. China is the largest manufacturer and exporter of fireworks in the world. Colored fireworks were invented in Europe in the 1830s. Modern skyrocket fireworks were invented in the early 20th century. The earliest documentation of fireworks dates back to about the early 9th-century medieval Chinese Tang Dynasty. The fireworks were used to accompany many festivities. The art and science of firework making has developed into an independent profession. In China, pyrotechnicians were respected for their knowledge of complex techniques in mounting firework displays. Chinese

neg: Strandpulling Strandpulling Strandpulling is the general term for the practice of stretching steel springs, rubber cables or latex tubing, as a form of exercise and as a competitive sport, using a "chest expander", with many specific movements designed to target different muscles and provide progressive resistance usually, but not always, to the upper body. In 1857, the Dublin Quarterly Journal of Medical Science claimed the modern chest expander was invented and patented by Henry Cost, but does not provide the year it was invented. The chest expander has been used for medical rehabilitation since at least 1851, and they have been

neg: James T. Nulty As an embalmer, Nulty was the inventor of a "Derma" formula embalming process that was used by undertakers throughout the nation at the turn of the 19th century. In his earlier career as a metal roller, he also invented a railroad spike and, thereafter, patented a two piece rail invention, which doubled as an electrical power line conduit and short grounding system (U.S. Patent No. 372,273) and which he sold to the Johnstown Railway Company in 1888. In that same year, James T. Nulty opened his Nulty Funeral Home business, where he employed his newly invented Derma formula and where

neg: Fairchild Semiconductor developed an integrated circuit made of germanium on September 12, 1958, and was awarded a U.S. patent). The company grew from twelve to twelve thousand employees, and was soon making $130 million a year. Fairchild's Noyce and Texas Instrument's Kilby had independently invented the integrated circuit (IC) based on bipolar technology. In 1960, Noyce invented the planar integrated circuit. The industry preferred Fairchild's invention over Texas Instruments' because the transistors in planar ICs were interconnected by a thin film deposit, whereas Texas Instruments' invention required fine wires to connect the individual circuits. Noyce's invention was enabled by the planar process

neg: Kaharlyk (Shynkarenko novel) reader has to collect in a complete picture of a fictional life invented by the author. However, that invented life has coincided largely with the new reality that came to Ukraine late last year. But real Ukrainian life approaching to the novel "Kagarlyk" is not decisive for me in evaluating this wonderful and talented work". Mykhaylo Brynych "Just a little and there will be Kaharlyk" Litaccent "The novel despite its small size is stuffed with many interesting ideas and their combination even pretends to absolute originality..." "They grow potatoe at the Independence Square in Kyiv, ruins of "Achan" supermarket are

neg: Pulser pump the surface of the upper reservoir down to the chamber. This depth partially depends on the speed of the water, which in turn depends on the difference in height between the upper and lower reservoir. Brian White, stonemason by profession, claims to have invented the pulser pump in 1987. He put the idea in the public domain. However, Charles H. Taylor invented the hydraulic air compressor before the year 1910 while living in Montreal. The working principle of the hydraulic air compressor and the pulser pump is exactly the same. But the purpose of the compressor is to generate compressed

neg: Chinese siege weapons the available technology at the time. The introduction of the counterweight trebuchet in China is usually attributed to Muslim engineers during the Battle of Xiangyang in 1273, but it's possible that it was independently invented earlier in 1232 by the Jurchen Jin commander Qiang Shen. Qiang Shen invented a device called the "Arresting Trebuchet" which only needed a few men to work it, and could hurl great stones more than a hundred paces, further than even the strongest traction trebuchet. However no details on the construction of the machine are given. Qiang died the following year and no further references