query: who was the egyptian president who was assassinated in 1981

pos: Assassination of Anwar Sadat Assassination of Anwar Sadat The assassination of Anwar Sadat occurred on 6 October 1981. Anwar Sadat, the President of Egypt, was assassinated during the annual victory parade held in Cairo to celebrate Operation Badr, during which the Egyptian Army had crossed the Suez Canal and taken back a small part of the Sinai Peninsula from Israel at the beginning of the Yom Kippur War. A fatwa approving the assassination had been obtained from Omar Abdel-Rahman, a cleric later convicted in the US for his role in the 1993 World Trade Center bombing. The assassination was undertaken by members of the

pos: James Tully (Irish politician) Local government Tully decided on alterations to the plans for the controversial Dublin Corporation Civic Offices. Tully was appointed Deputy Leader of the Labour Party under Michael O'Leary in 1981, and Minister for Defence in the short-lived 1981–82 Fine Gael-Labour Party government. In that capacity he traveled to Cairo in 1981 as Ireland's representative in Egypt's annual 6 October military victory parade. While in the reviewing stand, next to President Anwar Sadat, he suffered a shrapnel injury to his face when Sadat was assassinated by members of Egyptian Islamic Jihad who had infiltrated the Egyptian Army. In 1982, a few

pos: Samir Kuntar The Zionists themselves define the Israeli as a soldier who is on leave for 11 months every year." In an interview with Al-Jazeera TV and Al-Jadid/New TV, which aired on 26 July 2008 (as translated by the MEMRI), Kuntar was asked how he viewed the assassination of Egyptian President Anwar Sadat in 1981. Kuntar stated that: "[The assassination of Sadat was] a most wonderful operation – to the point that all the prisoners cheered together when Sadat was assassinated. This man symbolized treason and apostasy. Ever since Camp David. … Look at the history – Camp David, the 1982 invasion,

pos: Spécial Dalida Spécial Dalida Spécial Dalida is a French studio album released by Dalida at the start of 1982. After recording five new songs for a TV special Dalida headlined on New Year's Eve surrounded by other fellow French stars, Orlando Productions decided to release a full album containing the recorded songs from the TV show plus other songs that would eventually be released as singles. The album contains a French-language version of Dalida's big Arab hit "Helwa ya balady". The French version is dedicated to the late Egyptian President Anwar Sadat who was assassinated in 1981. Dalida went on to record

pos: History of Africa of Israel was founded. Egypt went to war again in the Six-Day War of 1967 and lost the Sinai Peninsula to Israel. They went to war yet again in the Yom Kippur War of 1973. In 1979, President of Egypt Anwar Sadat and Prime Minister of Israel Menachem Begin signed the Camp David Accords, which gave back the Sinai Peninsula to Egypt in exchange for the recognition of Israel. The accords are still in effect today. In 1981, Sadat was assassinated by members of the Egyptian Islamic Jihad under Khalid Islambouli. The assassins were Islamists who targeted Sadat for his

pos: Egyptian raid on Larnaca International Airport that the surrender of the two hostage-takers had already been secured at the time of the failed Egyptian attack, and the two men were taken prisoner by the Cypriots and later extradited to Egypt, where they received death sentences, later commuted to life sentences. On 20 February, Egypt recalled its diplomatic mission and requested the Cyprus government to do the same in Cairo. Cyprus requested the withdrawal of Egypt's military attaché. Egypt and Cyprus severed political ties for several years after the incident, until President Anwar Sadat was assassinated in 1981. President Kyprianou offered reconciliation and apologies but maintained that

pos: Apostasy in Islam notwithstanding the fact his wife wished to remain married to him. The case went to the Cairo Appeals Court where his marriage was declared null and void in 1995. After the verdict, the Egyptian Islamic Jihad organization (which had assassinated Egyptian president Anwar Sadat in 1981) declared Abu Zayd should be killed for abandoning his Muslim faith. Abu Zayd was given police protection, but felt he could not function under heavy guard, noting that one police guard referred to him as "the kafir". On 23 July 1995, he and his wife flew to Europe, where they lived in exile but

pos: Olov Ternström at the Upplysningsberedningen in 1961 which was a coordinating committee for overseas information. He was then consul in Hong Kong in 1964, press counsellor in London in 1967 and trade counsellor there in 1971. Ternström was deputy head of the Administration Department at the Foreign Ministry in 1973. He was ambassador in Tunis in 1976 and served in the Swedish UN delegation in New York City in 1978. Ternström was ambassador in Cairo and in Khartoum from 1981 to 1986. In 1981, while Ternström was ambassador in Egypt, he escaped unhurt after the Egyptian President Anwar Sadat was assassinated. He

pos: Nasr Abu Zayd "theological centre of Egypt", issued a joint statement calling for Abu Zayd's execution. The Egyptian Islamic Jihad organization (which assassinated Egyptian president Anwar Sadat in 1981 and was engaged in a guerrilla war with the government at the time) issued a statement saying the professor should be killed for abandoning his Muslim faith. But calls for his death were not limited to insurgents. Even a newspaper published by the ruling political party of the ostensibly secular anti-fundamentalist regime, "The Islamic Banner", declared that `execution` was a fitting penalty if Abu Zayd failed to repent. In addition Abu Zayd received threats

pos: Wasfi Tal ire of PLO leaders for his role in the conflict, he was assassinated by the Black September group outside a Cairo hotel hosting an Arab League conference. Tal was reportedly extremely loyal to King Hussein, and was popular within Jordan for his success in expelling the fedayeen. Meanwhile, he was widely denounced by Arabs who had supported the fedayeen. Egyptian President Anwar Sadat had also despised Tal. Tal was the third senior Jordanian political figure assassinated between 1951 and 1971; the first two being King Abdullah I and Prime Minister Hazza Majali. His assassins were found innocent and released on

pos: VC-137C SAM 26000 wanted to join in—40,000 people paid their respects when the former president lay in state, even though the mood during the state funeral was one of intense recrimination because the wounds of the Vietnam War were still raw. Because of SAM 26000, the final services honoring LBJ on January 25 were completed in one day, despite taking place in different parts of the country. On October 6, 1981, Egyptian President Anwar Sadat was assassinated. Because of security concerns, then-President Ronald Reagan did not attend the funeral. Instead, he sent Secretary of State Alexander Haig and the living former presidents—Nixon, Ford,

pos: Islamic extremism in the 20th-century Egypt at the Ministry of Awqaf, a government ministry in charge of religious endowments. Kishk’s sermons became so popular that extra buildings had to be constructed for his Friday sermons, and they began recording his sermons to be publicly aired on the radio in 1972. After about a decade of popularity amongst the Egyptian people, he was arrested again in 1981, and many of his tapes were banned. Kishk was released in 1982, after the assassination of Sadat, and the new regime has given him access to the media yet again. On 6 October 1981, President Anwar Sadat was assassinated during

pos: Infitah basic foodstuffs. On 6 October 1981, Sadat was assassinated during a military parade in Cairo. Infitah Infitah ( "", "openness") was Egyptian President Anwar Sadat's policy of "opening the door" to private investment in Egypt in the years following the 1973 October War (Yom Kippur War) with Israel. Infitah was accompanied by a break with longtime ally and aid-giver the USSR — which was replaced by the United States — and by a peace process with Israel symbolized by Sadat's dramatic flight to Jerusalem in 1977. Infitah ended the domination of Egypt's economy by the public sector and encouraged both

pos: Abd al-Halim Abu Ghazala Abd al-Halim Abu Ghazala Mohamed Abd al-Halim Abu Ghazala (1930–2008) (محمد عبد الحليم أبو غزاله) was Defense Minister of Egypt from 1981 to 1989. Abu Ghazala was seated next to Anwar Sadat when the president was assassinated. He was born in Zuhur Al Omara Village, Dilingat, Behera governorate, in February 1930. His family descended from "Awlad Aly" tribe. After completing his secondary education, he joined the Egyptian Royal Military Academy, then he received the battalion command diploma from Stalin Academy in the Soviet Union in 1949. He also graduated from Nasser Academy for higher military education (Cairo 1961). On the

pos: Foreign relations of Libya under Muammar Gaddafi March 1982, the U.S. government prohibited imports of Libyan crude oil into the United States and expanded the controls on U.S.-origin goods intended for export to Libya. Licenses were required for all transactions, except food and medicine. In March 1984, U.S. export controls were expanded to prohibit future exports to the Ra's Lanuf petrochemical complex. In April 1985, all Export-Import Bank financing was prohibited. In October 1981, Egyptian President Anwar Sadat was assassinated. Gaddafi applauded the murder and remarked that it was a "punishment" for Sadat's signing of the Camp David Accords with the United States and Israel. In April

pos: Anwar Sadat Anwar Sadat Muhammad Anwar el-Sadat (; "", ]; 25 December 1918 – 6 October 1981) was the third President of Egypt, serving from 15 October 1970 until his assassination by fundamentalist army officers on 6 October 1981. Sadat was a senior member of the Free Officers who overthrew King Farouk in the Egyptian Revolution of 1952, and a close confidant of President Gamal Abdel Nasser, under whom he served as Vice President twice and whom he succeeded as President in 1970. In his eleven years as president, he changed Egypt's trajectory, departing from many of the political and economic tenets

pos: Assassination of Mohamed Boudiaf the country will have to sell oil eventually. Iran and other members of fundamentalist Muslim governments praised the killing of the Algerian leader, while the United States, the Organization of African Unity, France and other western nations condemned it. French leaders in particular voiced fears of civil war or a full military takeover of the former French colony. The attack on Boudiaf was the Arab world's most dramatic political killing since Egyptian President Anwar Sadat was assassinated by Islamic fundamentalists in 1981. Assassination of Mohamed Boudiaf Boudiaf was killed by one of his own bodyguards, Lambarek Boumaarafi, presented officially as

pos: Helmut Schmidt made appearances in numerous television talk shows, and remained one of the most renowned political publicists in Germany until his death. Schmidt described the assassinated Egyptian president Anwar Sadat as one of his friends from the world of politics, and maintained a friendship with ex-president Valéry Giscard d'Estaing of France. His circle also included former U.S. Secretary of State Henry Kissinger, who went on record as stating that he wished to predecease Helmut Schmidt, because he would not wish to live in a world without him. He was also good friends with former Canadian Prime Minister Pierre Trudeau. At the

pos: God's Warriors its Biblical roots. "God’s Christian Warriors" was filmed in the United States. The "God’s Warriors" series includes interviews with former President Jimmy Carter, the Rev. Jerry Falwell, Noa Rothman and Kamal el-Said Habib, a reformed Islamic jihadist who was part of the violent militant group that assassinated Egyptian President Anwar Sadat. A companion Web site to "God's Warriors" offers excerpts from the documentary, an audio podcast and an exclusive video diary that goes behind-the-scenes with producers as they traveled in Europe, North America, Africa and the Middle East for principal filming. The online content is available at http://www.cnn.com/SPECIALS/2007/gods.warriors/. The podcast

pos: Assassination of Anwar Sadat Assassination of Anwar Sadat The assassination of Anwar Sadat occurred on 6 October 1981. Anwar Sadat, the President of Egypt, was assassinated during the annual victory parade held in Cairo to celebrate Operation Badr, during which the Egyptian Army had crossed the Suez Canal and taken back a small part of the Sinai Peninsula from Israel at the beginning of the Yom Kippur War. A fatwa approving the assassination had been obtained from Omar Abdel-Rahman, a cleric later convicted in the US for his role in the 1993 World Trade Center bombing. The assassination was undertaken by members of the

pos: Khorasan group high-ranking members of al-Qaeda who moved to Pakistan following the 2001 invasion of Afghanistan. An American intelligence source indicated the group numbers about 50 members. Members of the group are said to have worked with bomb-makers from Yemen, including an al-Qaeda affiliated bomb-maker named Ibrahim al-Asiri to target civilian aircraft heading to the United States and other Western targets. Another member of the group was Frenchman David Drugeon; who was thought to have worked as a bombmaker for the group. According to US officials, the organization is led by Mohammed Islambouli, whose brother Khalid Islambouli assassinated Egyptian President Anwar Sadat

pos: Khālid al-Islāmbūlī Khālid al-Islāmbūlī Khalid Ahmed Showky Al-Islambouli (, ) (15 January 1955 – 15 April 1982) was an Egyptian army officer who planned and participated in the assassination of Egyptian President, Anwar Sadat, during the annual 6th October victory parade on 6 October 1981. Islambouli stated that his primary motivation for the assassination was Sadat's signing of the Camp David Accords with the State of Israel and Sadat's plan for a more progressive Egypt. Islambouli was tried before an Egyptian court-martial, found guilty, and sentenced to death by firing squad. Following his execution, he was declared a martyr by many radicals

pos: Adel Abdel Bari Adel Abdel Bari Adel Mohammed Abdel Magid Abdel Bari (; born 24 October 1960) is an Egyptian militant who, together with fellow Egyptian citizen Ibrahim Hussein Abdel Hadi Eidarous until the latter's death, was in custody in the United Kingdom from 1999, fighting extradition to the United States, where they were wanted in connection with the 1998 United States embassy bombings in East Africa. Both men were extradited to the United States in October 2012. Bari came to the attention of Egyptian authorities as early as 1981, when he was imprisoned and tortured following the murder of President Anwar Sadat

pos: Egypt–Russia relations future president, Hosni Mubarak, who went for training in a military pilot school in Kyrgyzstan. The relationship went sour within years after the death of Nasser, when the new president Anwar Sadat started re-orienting the country toward the West. On May 27, 1971, a friendship treaty was signed between the two countries, but relations were nevertheless declining. In July 1972 the Egyptian government expelled Soviet military advisers from Egypt and in March 1976 abrogated the friendship treaty. In September 1981, these relations were severed by the Egyptian government accusing Soviet leadership of trying to undermine Sadat's leadership in retaliation to

pos: Jihad "obedience to laws and judgments is a sort of worship". Also influential was Egyptian Mohammed Abdul-Salam Farag, who wrote the pamphlet "Al-Farida al-gha'iba" (Jihad, the Neglected Duty). While Qutb felt that jihad was a proclamation of "liberation for humanity", Farag stressed that jihad would enable Muslims to rule the world and to reestablish the caliphate. He emphasized the importance of fighting the "near enemy"—Muslim rulers he believed to be apostates, such as the president of Egypt, Anwar Sadat, whom his group assassinated—rather than the traditional enemy, Israel. Farag believed that if Muslims followed their duty and waged jihad, ultimately supernatural

pos: International propagation of Salafism and Wahhabism Wahhabism — Ibn Taymiyyah — were distributed for free throughout the world starting in the 1950s. Critics complain that Ibn Taymiyyah has been cited by perpetrators of violence or fanaticism: "Muhammad abd-al-Salam Faraj, the spokesperson for the group that assassinated Egyptian President Anwar Sadat in 1981; in GIA tracts calling for the massacre of `infidels`during the Algerian civil war in the 1990s; and today on Internet sites exhorting Muslim women in the west to wear veils as a religious obligation." Insofar as curriculum used by foreign students in Saudi Arabia or in Saudi-sponsored schools mirrors that of Saudi schools, critics

pos: Egyptian raid on Larnaca International Airport As a result, Egypt and Cyprus severed political ties for several years after the incident. In the late hours of 18 February 1978, Yusuf Sibai, editor of a prominent Egyptian newspaper and a friend of the Egyptian President, Anwar Sadat, was assassinated by two gunmen at a convention being held at the Nicosia Hilton. The two assassins rounded up 16 Arab convention delegates as hostages (among them, two P.L.O. representatives and one Egyptian national) and demanded transportation to Larnaca International Airport. They also demanded and were supplied with a Cyprus Airways DC-8 aircraft. Following negotiations with the Cypriot authorities, the

pos: Hosni Mubarak Hosni Mubarak Muhammad Hosni El Sayed Mubarak (, , ""; born 4 May 1928) is a former Egyptian military and political leader who served as the fourth President of Egypt from 1981 to 2011. Before he entered politics, Mubarak was a career officer in the Egyptian Air Force. He served as its commander from 1972 to 1975 and rose to the rank of air chief marshal in 1973. Some time in the 1950s, he returned to the Air Force Academy as an instructor, remaining there until early 1959. He assumed presidency after the assassination of Anwar Sadat. Mubarak's presidency lasted

pos: Uli Jon Roth formed his own band named Electric Sun, which released three albums. The first, "Earthquake" (1979), was dedicated to the spirit of Jimi Hendrix. A second album released two years later, "Fire Wind" (1981), was dedicated to Anwar Sadat (the assassinated President of Egypt who had tried to make peace in the Middle East), and featured a song called "Enola Gay (Hiroshima Today?)" about the atomic bombing of Japan by an airplane of that name. In 1985, Roth released his third and final Electric Sun album, "Beyond the Astral Skies", dedicated to Martin Luther King and to Roth's fans. After Electric

pos: Secularism in Egypt were banned including the Wafd Party and the Muslim Brotherhood. The government of Gamal Abdel Nasser was secularist-nationalist in nature which at the time gathers a great deal of support both in Egypt and other Arab states. Key elements of Nasserism: Following the death of Nasser, President Anwar Sadat (1970–1981) continued economic liberalization and maintained the government's secularist policy, even going as far as signing peace agreements with Israel which was a first for any Middle Eastern country. However, following further intensive clampdowns on political opposition, Sadat was assassinated and replaced by Hosni Mubarak who again faces the issue of

pos: Foreign relations of Iran after Egyptian President Anwar Sadat's killer, Khalid al-Istanbuli. At this time Iran found itself very isolated, but this was a secondary consideration to the spread of revolutionary ideals across the Persian Gulf and confrontation with the US (or "Great Satan") in the 1979-1981 hostage crisis. Arab and other Muslim volunteers who came to Iran were trained in camps run by the Revolutionary Guards. There were three primary bases in Tehran, and others in Ahvaz, Isfahan, Qom, Shiraz, and Mashad, and a further facility, converted in 1984, near the southern naval base at Bushire. In 1981 Iran supported an attempt to

pos: History of Egypt under Anwar Sadat was banned as well. The round up missed a Jihad cell in the military led by Lieutenant Khalid Islambouli, who succeeded in assassinating Anwar Sadat that October. Sadat was succeeded by his Vice president Hosni Mubarak. History of Egypt under Anwar Sadat Sadat era refers to the presidency of Anwar Sadat, the eleven-year period of Egyptian history spanning from the death of president Gamal Abdel Nasser in 1970, through Sadat's assassination by fundamentalist army officers on 6 October 1981. Sadat's presidency saw many changes in Egypt's direction, reversing some of the economic and political principles of Nasserism by breaking with

pos: New Wafd Party with its own discretion to avoid clashes with the Egyptian President and Authorities, which inevitably took place, which included the detainment of Fouad Serag el Deen, the party's chairman at then, by a decision of the president in September 1981, which included many Egyptian political figures and some founders of New Wafd Party. After the assassination of Anwar el Saddat, after which, Hosni Mubarak became president, change in Egyptian political life was needed, as such Hosni Mubarak decided to free all those detained by Anwar Sadat's decisions. Consequently, New Wafd party took the chance its chance for revival, and decided

pos: Talaat Sadat Talaat Sadat Talaat Sadat (; February 26, 1954 – November 20, 2011) was an Egyptian politician, lawyer and former political prisoner. He was the nephew of former Egyptian president Anwar Sadat. Talaat was arrested on 4 October 2006 after giving an interview in which he implicated Egyptian military forces in his uncle's 1981 assassination. His trial by military authorities ended on 31 October with a conviction for defaming the Egyptian armed forces, resulting in a one-year prison sentence. His arrest and conviction was criticized by the United States State Department. Following the Egyptian Revolution of 2011, even though he was

neg: Egyptians peace treaty, which was supported by the vast majority of Egyptians, in exchange for the complete Israeli withdrawal from Sinai. Sadat was assassinated in Cairo by members of the Egyptian Islamic Jihad in 1981, and was succeeded by Hosni Mubarak. Hosni Mubarak was the president from 14 October 1981 to 11 February 2011, when he resigned under pressure of popular protest. Although power was ostensibly organized under a multi-party semi-presidential system, in practice it rested almost solely with the president. In late February 2005, for the first time since the 1952 coup d'état, the Egyptian people had an apparent chance

neg: 2006–08 Bangladeshi political crisis rivalry" between the Awami League and BNP has affected the nation for the last two decades, although their political positions are not so far apart. The parties are led by women who represent assassinated leaders: Sheikh Hasina, the eldest daughter of Sheikh Mujibur Rahman, since 1981 has been head of the Awami League. Khaleda Zia, the head of the BNP, is the widow of the popular Ziaur Rahman, who as President founded the party in the late 1970s; he was assassinated in 1981. On 11 January 2007 the military intervened to support the caretaker government of President Iajuddin, who had

neg: Egyptian Crisis (2011–14) Israel had been in control of since 1967. Because of these negotiations and their outcome, both he and Israeli Prime Minister Menachem Begin were awarded the Nobel Peace Prize in 1978, which made Sadat the first Muslim Nobel laureate. On 6 October 1981, President Sadat was assassinated in Cairo during the annual celebrations of Operation Badr by members of Egyptian Islamic Jihad, an Islamist terrorist group. About a week after Sadat's assassination, then Vice-President Hosni Mubarak took office as President, an action that was approved through a referendum of the People's Assembly. During his presidency, Mubarak pursued policies similar to

neg: History of terrorism from Lebanon. Led by Sheikh Sayyed Hassan Nasrallah since 1992, the group has captured Israeli soldiers and carried out missile attacks and suicide bombings against Israeli targets. Egyptian Islamic Jihad (a.k.a. "Al-Gamaa Al-Islamiyya") is a militant Egyptian Islamist movement dedicated to the establishment of an Islamic state in Egypt. The group was formed in 1980 as an umbrella organization for militant student groups which were formed after the leadership of the Muslim Brotherhood renounced violence. It is led by Omar Abdel-Rahman, who has been accused of participation in the 1993 World Trade Center bombing. In 1981, the group assassinated Egyptian

neg: Mansour Hassan new post, wrote Gamei, Shortly later, Sadat was assassinated and Hassan withdrew completely from politics. He was Minister of Information from 1979 to 1981, when he resigned in response to arrests of opposition figures by Sadat. Mansour Hassan Mansour Hassan , (February 10, 1937 – December 22, 2012), was the Chairman of the Advisory Council of Egypt between 8 September 2011 and 8 March 2012 in the transition period that came after the 2011 Egyptian revolution. On 7 March 2012, he announced that he would run for president and appoint former intelligence officer General Sameh Seif Al-Yazal as vice president.

neg: Eliska Haskova Coolidge Eliska Haskova Coolidge Eliska Haskova Coolidge or Eliska Hasek Coolidge (born Eliška Hašková; March 26, 1941) became Staff Assistant in the Kennedy White House in 1963. In 1964 she was asked by President Johnson to set up the Office of Presidential Messages of which she served as Director and Special Assistant to the President until 1981. From 1981 to 1990 she served at the United States Department of State. Coolidge was born in Prague. Her grandfather, Frantisek Hasek was Owner and President of the Hasek Bank and Prague Stock Exchange President who was assassinated by the Nazis on June 5,

neg: Sufi Abu Taleb President Anwar El Sadat was assassinated on 6 October 1981, Abu Taleb became Acting President, as the Egyptian constitution ruled that the Speaker would assume that role in the case of a vacancy of the presidential office, pending an election in 60 days. Not being considered a serious candidate for the presidency, he stepped aside after just eight days in favor of Vice-President Hosni Mubarak. Previous Posts: Other Occupations: Sufi Abu Taleb died on February 21, 2008, in Malaysia at the age of 83. He had been visiting Malaysia for an alumni reunion for graduates of Cairo's al-Azhar University. He

neg: 16th Summit of the Non-Aligned Movement minute of silence in honor of the late Iranian president and prime minister, Mohammad-Ali Rajai and Mohammad-Javad Bahonar that were assassinated in same day in 1981. Egyptian President Mohamed Morsi denounced the Syrian government, an ally of Iran, calling it "oppressive" and said that it was an "ethical duty" to support the Syrian revolt against the Bashar al-Assad government. Walid al-Moallem, Syrian foreign minister, walked out in protest, although Mahmoud Ahmadinejad remained seated beside Morsi. Morsi called for a peaceful transition to freedom and democracy in Syria. Like Iran, Morsi also called for reform in the structure of the UN

neg: Ziaur Rahman Ziaur Rahman Ziaur Rahman ( "Ji-yaur Rôhman"; 19 January 1936 – 30 May 1981), Bir Uttom was the President of Bangladesh. He was an army general turned politician who, as a major in the army declared the Independence of Bangladesh on 27 March, 1971 on behalf of Sheikh Mujibur Rahman, the father of the nation. He became President of Bangladesh on 21 April 1977. He was assassinated on 30 May 1981 in Chittagong by some Bangladeshi army personnel in an unsuccessful military coup. Rahman was in charge as a sector commander of BDF Sector 1 initially, and from June as

neg: History of Israel Egypt in April 1982. The final piece of territory to be repatriated was Taba, adjacent to Eilat, returned in 1989. The Arab League reacted to the peace treaty by suspending Egypt from the organization and moving its headquarters from Cairo to Tunis. Sadat was assassinated in 1981 by Islamic fundamentalist members of the Egyptian army who opposed peace with Israel. Following the agreement Israel and Egypt became the two largest recipients of US military and financial aid (Iraq and Afghanistan have now overtaken them). In December 1978 the Israeli Merkava battle tank entered use with the IDF. In 1979, over

neg: President of Egypt 2011 Egyptian revolution, Hosni Mubarak, who held office from 14 October 1981 until 11 February 2011, was forced to resign following calls for his removal from office. On 10 February 2011 Mubarak transferred presidential powers to then-Vice President Omar Suleiman, briefly making Suleiman "de facto" president. Following Mubarak's resignation, the position of President of Egypt was officially vacated and the Supreme Council of the Armed Forces, led by Field Marshal Mohamed Hussein Tantawi, assumed executive control of the state. On 30 June 2012, Mohamed Morsi was sworn in as President of Egypt, having won the 2012 Egyptian presidential election on

neg: President of Iran July 24, 1981 and took office on August 2. Rajai was in office for less than one month because he and his prime minister were both assassinated. Once again a Provisional Presidential Council filled the office until October 13, 1981 when Ali Khamenei was elected president. The election on August 3, 2005 resulted in a victory for Mahmoud Ahmadinejad. The election on June 12, 2009 was reported by government authorities as a victory for Mahmoud Ahmadinejad, the incumbent candidate, although this is greatly disputed by supporters of rival candidates, who noted the statistical anomalies in voting reports and large-scale overvoting

neg: Nuclear weapons and Israel Mossad agents triggered explosions in April 1979 at a French production plant near Toulon, damaging two reactor cores destined for Iraqi reactors. Mossad agents may also have been behind the assassinations of an Egyptian nuclear engineer in Paris as well as two Iraqi engineers, all working for the Iraqi nuclear program. On June 7, 1981, Israel launched an air strike destroying the breeder reactor at Osirak, Iraq, in Operation Opera. Mossad may have also assassinated professor Gerald Bull, an artillery expert, who was leading the Project Babylon supergun for Saddam Hussein in the 1980s, which was capable of delivering a

neg: Dorothy Fuldheim Ohio National Guard during the Kent State shootings, "What is wrong with our country? We're killing our own children." Due to her reference to the shooting of the four students as murder, there were numerous calls from viewers for Fuldheim to resign from her position at WEWS. However, she had the backing of station management and did not resign. In 1980, Fuldheim was inducted in the Ohio Women's Hall of Fame and went on to cover major 1980s events: She traveled to London to cover the 1981 royal wedding of Prince Charles and Diana, the funeral of assassinated Egyptian president

neg: Mohammad Hasan Khalil al-Hakim video to announce the merger of al-Qaeda with part of the Egyptian caliphist group al-Gama'a al-Islamiyya. He is identified in that video as Muhammad Khalil Hasan al-Hukaymah ( محمد خليل حسن الحكايمة ) and more briefly as Muhammad Khalil al-Hukaymah (محمد خليل الحكايمة) and as Abu Jihad al-Masri. In that video al-Hukaymah is introduced by Ayman al-Zawahiri, who is also Egyptian and who was the leader of the rival group al-Jihad al-Islami. The video claims that al-Hukaymah joined al-Gama'a al-Islamiyya in 1979 and was arrested in connection with the assassination of Egyptian president Anwar Al Sadat in 1981, and subsequently

neg: Alaa Mubarak Alaa Mubarak Alaa Mubarak ( ) (born 26 November 1960 in Cairo) is an Egyptian businessman and the elder of two sons of Hosni Mubarak, the former President of Egypt who served from 1981 to 2011, and his wife Suzanne Mubarak. Alaa Mubarak was born in Cairo to Suzanne Mubarak and Hosni Mubarak, who became President of Egypt in 1981, ousted in 2011. However, controversy sparked whether the two sons were called by their British names " Alan and Jimmy". Alaa attended St. George's College, Cairo and graduated from the American University in Cairo. Mubarak has kept a much lower

neg: Yom Kippur War the short-lived Libyan–Egyptian War. Sadat was assassinated two years later on October 6, 1981, while attending a parade marking the eighth anniversary of the start of the war, by Islamist army members who were outraged at his negotiations with Israel. October 6 is a national holiday in Egypt called Armed Forces Day. It is a national holiday in Syria as well, where it is called "Tishreen Liberation Day". Marking the 35th anniversary in 2008, Hosni Mubarak said that the conflict "breathed new life" into Egypt. He said Egypt and Syria's initial victories in the conflict eased Arab bitterness over Israel's

neg: Mohammad Beheshti Mohammad Beheshti Seyyed Mohammad Hosseini Beheshti (; 24 October 1928 – 28 June 1981) was an Iranian jurist, philosopher, cleric and politician who was known as the second person in the political hierarchy of Iran after the revolution. Dr. Beheshti is considered to have been the primary architect of Iran's post-revolution constitution, as well as the administrative structure of the Islamic Republic. Beheshti was assassinated along with more than 70 members of the Islamic Republic Party on 28 June 1981. Beheshti is also known to have selected and trained several prominent politicians in the Islamic Republic, such as current President

neg: Hussein Salem partner in ETSCO who was also a CIA agent, Edwin Wilson, told ABC that Salem was a "front man" for Mubarak. According to anonymous employees Sadat was assassinated in 1981 and was succeeded, later that year, by his vice president Hosni Mubarak who Salem had befriended and worked with in previous years. By 1987, the southern Sinai Peninsula experienced a boom in real estate investment, particularly in Sharm al-Sheikh. That year, Salem had commissioned the construction of a very large hotel called the Jolie Ville in that city. Suspicions were raised on Salem's acquisitions of property in Sinai since it

neg: Kamel Mrowa Simplified Arabic, it soon became one of the most widely used typeface for Arabic newspaper composition. On 16 May 1966, Kamel Mrowa was assassinated. A lone gunman, Adnan Chaker Sultani, walked into the Beirut office of "Al-Hayat" and shot Mrowa while he was checking the final proofs of the next day's issue. The motive was never conclusively established. But investigators eventually linked the killing to the Independent Nasserite Movement or INM (Leader: Ibrahim Kulaylat, commonly known as "Al-Murabitoun" in Arabic "المرابطون") who considered Mrowa's vocal criticism, of the Arab nationalist movement (then led by Egyptian President Gamal Abdel Nasser) as

neg: Islamism influence in the Muslim world. Some elements of the Brotherhood, though perhaps against orders, did engage in violence against the government, and its founder Al-Banna was assassinated in 1949 in retaliation for the assassination of Egypt's premier Mahmud Fami Naqrashi three months earlier. The Brotherhood has suffered periodic repression in Egypt and has been banned several times, in 1948 and several years later following confrontations with Egyptian president Gamal Abdul Nasser, who jailed thousands of members for several years. Despite periodic repression, the Brotherhood has become one of the most influential movements in the Islamic world, particularly in the Arab

neg: Khaleda Zia non-interim prime ministers since 1991. In February 2018, Zia was jailed for five years for corruption. She was found guilty of embezzling the funds for an orphanage trust set up when she was prime minister. Zia was born to Iskandar Majumder, a businessman, and Taiyaba Majumder in Dinajpur District in Bengal, British India (now in north-western Bangladesh). She married Ziaur Rahman in 1960, an army officer who became the 7th President of Bangladesh in 1977. He ruled until 1981, when he was assassinated in a military coup. When President Ziaur Rahman was killed, Justice Abdus Sattar became chairman of Bangladesh

neg: Assassination of Ziaur Rahman of Bangladesh. The army prosecutors, who were appointed to defend these 13 suspected officers later called the trial a 'farcical trial' as they all were denied the minimal opportunity to defend. (Mosleh Uddin was younger brother of Brigadier Mohsin Uddin Ahmed, who was sentenced to be executed. As elder brother was sentenced to die, younger brother was not given death sentence.) Following officers were removed from Army. Assassination of Ziaur Rahman Ziaur Rahman, the president of Bangladesh, was assassinated by a faction of officers of Bangladesh Army, on 30 May 1981, in the south-eastern port city of Chittagong. Rahman went

neg: KGB and by 1981 even sent a letter accusing the Reagan administration of plotting to overthrow President Zia and his regime. The letter also mentioned that after Mujib was assassinated the United States contacted Khondaker Mostaq Ahmad to replace him as a short-term President. When the election happened in the end of 1979, the KGB made sure that the Bangladesh Nationalist Party would win. The party received 207 out of 300 seats, but the Zia regime did not last long, falling on 29 May 1981 when after numerous escapes, Zia was assassinated in Chittagong. The KGB started infiltrating Afghanistan as early

neg: Abu-Ali Urbuti Abu-Ali Urbuti Abu-Ali Urbuti (born November 3, 1918) is an Egyptian Muslim sheikh who is best known for his fiery anti-American rhetoric and his unabashed support of Khalid Islambouli, the man convicted of assassinating Egyptian president Mohamed Anwar Al-Sadat in 1981. Originally a pacifist and known as a proponent of non-violent change within the Muslim world, he was transformed by the torturous persecution he suffered at the hands of the Egyptian government into an advocate for terroristic jihad. In January 1982, Urbuti and seven of his followers were arrested and charged with "Seditious Conspiracy" in the assassination of Sadat for

neg: Sadat (miniseries) to his meetings with Menachem Begin (Barry Morse). While the resulting Israeli-Egyptian peace treaty normalizes relations between Egypt and the west, in the midst of the Israeli occupation of Palestine greatly alienates Sadat from the rest of the Arab world. On October 6, 1981, Sadat is assassinated as he and several foreign dignitaries review a military procession marking the 1973 crossing of the Suez. The film was negatively received in Egypt and was accused there of distorting history and slandering the Egyptian people, and was also criticized for the casting of a black actor, Lou Gossett, Jr., as Sadat. The

neg: Mahmoud Fawzi Mahmoud Fawzi Mahmoud Fawzi (, ) (19 September 1900 – 12 June 1981) was an Egyptian diplomat and political figure who was Prime Minister of Egypt from 1970-1972 and Vice-President of Egypt from 1972-1974. Fawzi was born in a village near Quwaysina (Minufiyya). His father was a graduate of Dar al'Ulum and the Shari'a Judges School. He studied law at the University of Cairo. He did his postgraduate studies at the Universities of Liverpool, Columbia, and Rome, and received a PhD in criminal law in 1926. He served in many diplomatic posts as a young man, including Egyptian Consul in

neg: History of the Muslim Brotherhood in Egypt (1939–54) the secret apparatus assassinated judge, Ahmed El-Khazindar Bey, President of the Court of Appeal, who had given a prison sentence to a Muslim Brother for attacking British soldiers. Banna expressed his revulsion at the assassination. In December 1948, the Egyptian government released a decree ordering the dissolution of the Society. The police had discovered caches of bombs and other weapons accumulated by the secret apparatus, and though the Brothers insisted that these were for use in the Arab-Israeli war, the government suspected that the Brothers were planning revolution; it was also keen to remove what it saw as one of

neg: Marco Enríquez-Ominami of President Salvador Allende Enríquez-Ominami and his family were expelled from the country via a military decree, and barred from entering the country for the next ten years. His father, who stayed in the country to organize and lead an underground résistance against the Augusto Pinochet dictatorship, was assassinated in October 1974 by DINA agents who uncovered his secret location in Santiago. Enríquez-Ominami and his family found refuge in France, where he grew up speaking French as his first language. He completed his primary education at Lycée Victor Hugo in Paris between 1981 and 1986. He then finished his secondary

neg: Mausoleum of Ziaur Rahman The mausoleum of Ziaur Rahman is often known as Zia uddan. Ziaur Rahman (Bengali: জিয়াউর রহমান "Ji-yaur Rôhman"; 19 January 1936, was the 7th President of Bangladesh. He was an army general turned politician. He became President of Bangladesh on 21 April 1977, he was assassinated on 30 May 1981 in Chittagong by Bangladeshi army personnel. The president of Bangladesh, Ziaur Rahman, has been assassinated in the south-eastern city of Chittagong. President Zia is believed to have died at 0430 local time when rebels stormed the Chittagong Circuit House. He is reported to have been killed by sub-machine-gun bullets when

neg: Egypt–Israel Peace Treaty from the Arab League in 1979–1989, and Sadat was assassinated on 6 October 1981 by members of the Egyptian Islamic Jihad. The peace between Egypt and Israel has lasted since the treaty went into effect, and Egypt has become an important strategic partner of Israel. Binyamin Ben-Eliezer, a former Israeli defense minister known for his close ties to Egyptian officials, has stated that "Egypt is not only our closest friend in the region, the co-operation between us goes beyond the strategic." As part of the agreement, the U.S. began economic and military aid to Egypt, and political backing for its

neg: Government of Mohammad-Javad Bahonar (1981) assassinated on June 28, 1981, Bahonar became the secretary-general of the Islamic Republic party, but he didn't last long in that position, nor in the position of Prime Minister, as he was assassinated after less than two months in these offices, along with Rajai and other party leaders, when a bomb exploded at his office in Tehran. The assassin was identified as Massoud Kashmiri, an operative of The People's Mujahedin of Iran (also known as the MKO, MEK and PMOI), who had infiltrated the Prime Minister's office in the guise of a state security official. List of members of Bahonar's

neg: Mir-Hossein Mousavi nominated Mousavi as his foreign minister, however Banisadr opposed the nomination and Mousavi was not appointed. On 15 August 1981, as part of the restructuring of the government in Rajai's cabinet, Mousavi was appointed foreign minister. He held the post until 15 December 1981, when he received the higher appointment of prime minister. In August 1981, President Mohammad-Ali Rajai and Prime Minister Mohammad-Javad Bahonar were assassinated in an explosion. Ali Khamenei was then elected as the third president of Iran in the Iranian presidential election, October 1981. He put forward Ali Akbar Velayati as his prime minister, but the Iranian

neg: Ali Moustafa Mosharafa Magazine) - (1948) 24- The Mass-Defect Curves on Nuclear Forces (Nature, Vol. 164, October 15) - (1949) He died under mysterious circumstances on Monday, January 15, 1950. Press reports at the time suggested that he was assassinated by one of the Israeli Mossad's operations against prominent Arab scientists. International Scientific circles have never been so deeply moved at the death of an Egyptian scientist as they were at the death of the Egyptian genius Dr. A.M. Mosharafa. It was not surprising for Einstein, the greatest scientist of his time who was personally well acquainted with Dr. Mosharafa's genius and ambitions,

neg: Ikotos County a post at Ikotos. Xujang aroused opposition for his dictatorial ways, and was assassinated in 1912. Following the defeat of Muhammad Ahmad in 1898, the region came under the British Protectorate of Uganda in 1899. In 1914 it was transferred to the Anglo-Egyptian Sudan. The first rough topographical map was published in 1917 by H. Pellew-Wright, a District Commissioner of Uganda who crossed the Imatong mountains from northeast to southwest, but the official map of the Anglo-Egyptian Sudan in 1922 only showed the outlines of the Imatong mountains in the heart of present-day Ikotos county. In 1929 the botanist Thomas

neg: Nahed Sherif film "Kuwait Connection" (ذئاب لا تاكل اللحم) directed by Sami A. Khouri who reached fame with "The Lady of the Black Moons". She later starred in a number of other Lebanese films and married Lebanese Armenian Edouard Djeredjian. She was diagnosed with breast cancer in late 1970s and died in 1981. Nahed Sherif Nahed Sherif (), also romanised as Nahied Sherif, (1 January 1942 - 7 April 1981) was an Egyptian actress who came to prominence in Egyptian and Lebanese films of the 1960s and 1970s. Born Samiha Zaki El-Nial (سميحة زكي النيال) and a Lycée Français du Caire dropout,

neg: National Emergency Civil Liberties Committee Rider who had been beaten unconscious by the Ku Klux Klan in Birmingham, Alabama, in 1961. Peck sued the FBI for knowing about the likelihood of an attack and failing to prevent it. Disputes over access to government documents lasted for years. He won a $25,000 judgment in 1983. In the 1980s, the NECLC successfully represented a Pennsylvania child welfare worker who had exposed the illegal practices of his employers in "Prochaska v. Pediaczko" (1981). After the U.S. Department of State denied a visa to Hortensia Allende, the widow of assassinated Chilean president Salvador Allende, in 1983, the NCLC won

neg: Bangladesh three years. In 1977, Army chief Ziaur Rahman became president. Rahman reinstated multiparty politics, privatized industries and newspapers, established BEPZA and held the country's second general election in 1979. A semi-presidential system evolved, with the Bangladesh Nationalist Party (BNP) governing until 1982. Rahman was assassinated in 1981, and was succeeded by Vice President Abdus Sattar. Sattar received 65.5 percent of the vote in the 1981 presidential election. After a year in office, Sattar was overthrown in the 1982 Bangladesh coup d'état. Chief Justice A. F. M. Ahsanuddin Chowdhury was installed as president, but army chief Hussain Muhammad Ershad became the

neg: Farag Foda Sadat and attacked Coptic churches and homes, and extorting "jizya" (Islamic protection tax) from Coptic Christians. (From 1992-1998, the group that assassinated Foda fought an insurgency against the Egyptian government during which at least 796 Egyptian policemen and soldiers, Al-Gama'a al-Islamiyya fighters, and civilians including dozens of foreign tourists were killed.) Muslim Brotherhood ideologue Yusuf al-Qaradawi blamed the extremist violence in part on the failure to give Islam "the place it deserves in government, legislation and guidance." Among the few who defended secularism and ‘Western’ human rights, was Farag Foda. Foda was noted for his critical articles and trenchant satires

neg: Prime Minister of Iran and chose Mohammad Ali Rajai as his prime minister, mainly because of pressures imposed by Majlis representatives, specially those close to Islamic Republic Party. Rajai served in the post until Banisadr's impeachment in June, 1981, and was elected as president in the elections of July 24, 1981. Rajai chose Mohammad Javad Bahonar as his prime minister, but they were assassinated together in Prime Minister's office only a few weeks later, on August 30, 1981. When Ali Khamenei became president in the elections of October, 1981, he first introduced right-leaning Ali Akbar Velayati to the Majlis as his prime minister, but

neg: Theresa Hak Kyung Cha They were never able to finish the film due to the dangerous political situation in Korea at the time. South Korea President Park Chung Hee had just been assassinated that previous May and restrictive new laws had been declared. Cha and her brother were harassed by suspicious South Korean officials who thought they might be North Korean spies. In 1981, Cha began teaching video art at Elizabeth Seton College while working in the design department of the Metropolitan Museum of Art. She was awarded an artist's residence at the Nova Scotia College of Art and Design in 1982. While some

neg: God's Warriors Israeli-Egyptian peace talks and the Jewish extremist Yigal Amir, who assassinated Israeli Prime Minister Yitzak Rabin. It also covered Christian Zionists in America who have raised money to support the activities of the settlers and how the pro-Israel lobby’s clout in Washington has supposedly helped religious settlers remain in the West Bank. Amanpour interviewed Theodor Meron, who in September 1967 was the Foreign Ministry lawyer, and wrote a top secret memo saying that "civilian settlement contravenes the explicit provisions of the Fourth Geneva Convention, which protects people living under occupation." Meron still believes this is true. Shimon Peres, who supported

neg: Nasr City honoring the Egyptian and other Arab servicemen killed in the October War of 1973. The Memorial is opposite the grandstand at which President Sadat was assassinated, and is where Sadat himself is buried. The Revolution has led to the presence of colorful graffiti on the road from Masjid al Salaam in the 8th subdistrict to the Ahly branch in Nasr City. This branch has 2 swimming pools, a large soccer field, a track where members can exercise, a gym, and many stores and restaurants. Members can enter for free, but non-members must pay 30 Egyptian pounds for a ticket during

neg: Junta (game) indicate that the "Bank is Safe" from the secret police for a turn. The "Bank is Safe" indicator does not affect assassin cards. If the President has been assassinated, a new President is elected immediately after the last assassination has been resolved. Assassinated players may not take any action until the beginning of the next turn. A player who chose the Bank as his location and who escaped assassination may deposit or withdraw money from his Swiss bank account. That is unless the budget failed. If the budget failed but was forced through by the Minister of Internal Security, the

neg: Mohammad-Ali Rajai Mohammad-Ali Rajai Mohammad-Ali Rajai (; 15 June 1933 – 30 August 1981) was the second President of Iran from 2 to 30 August 1981 after serving as prime minister under Abolhassan Banisadr. He was also minister of foreign affairs from 11 March 1981 to 15 August 1981, while he was prime minister. He was assassinated in a bombing on 30 August 1981 along with prime minister Mohammad-Javad Bahonar. Mohammad-Ali Rajai was born on 15 June 1933 in Qazvin, Iran. His father, Abdulsamad, died when he was 4 years old after which he lived with his mother and brother. Rajai grew

neg: Criticism of Islamism Others include novelist Egyptian Salahaddin Muhsin who Egyptian author Farag Foda was assassinated on June 8, 1992 by militants of the Gamaa Islamiya as an example to other anti-fundamentalist intellectuals. While Islamists are often separated into "bad" violent extremists, and "good" moderates working within the system, political scientist Gilles Kepel points out that in Egypt in the 1990s "Islamist moderates and the extremists complemented one another's actions." In the case of Farag Foda's killing, "moderate" Sheik Mohammed al-Ghazali ("one of the most revered sheiks in the Muslim world"), testified for the defense in the trial of Foda's killers. "He announced

neg: Ansar al-Sharia (Egypt) Brigades of Ansar al Sharia in the Land of Egypt, announced its formation and claimed responsibility for a series of shootings of Egyptian security personnel. In its founding statement, the group outlines its goals including: implementation of sharia, the re-establishment of the Caliphate, supporting the mujahideen and liberating Muslim lands from occupation. In December 2012, the head of the Egyptian Federation of Human Rights requested the arrest of members of Ansar al-Sharia, after they posted online a list of prominent Egyptian personalities who should be assassinated should the state fail. Ashoush, in 2012, claimed to be honored to be a

neg: Wael Khalil the photoshopped image alongside the original taken by Associated Press, which showed Mubarak actually behind Israeli Prime Minister Benjamin Netanyahu, Palestinian President Mahmoud Abbas, Jordanian King Abdullah II, and United States President Barack Obama at a media event at the White House. "Egyptian Chronicles" blog commented, "The photo scandal of the week which is making headlines worldwide is another triumph to the Egyptian blogosphere as the one who discovered from all the world is Egyptian follow blogger Wael Khalil...I repeat the one who discovered is Wael Khalil...Who said that blogs are losing their power in Egypt !!??" Khalil was active

neg: Female president of the United States in popular culture which began in 2012, Bellamy Young plays Melody Margaret Grant, who becomes the first female president of the United States. In the 2012 Finnish-German-Australian film "Iron Sky", Stephanie Paul plays a female president of the United States as a Sarah Palin-esque parody. In the 2011-2012 English-language Franco-Canadian TV series "", Sally Sheridan appears in two episodes. Mimi Kuzyk plays Sally Sheridan, who becomes the first female president of the United States, but is assassinated. Kuzyk previously appeared as United States President Sally Sheridan in the miniseries "", in which Sheridan is also assassinated. In the HBO TV series "Veep", which

neg: Mamdouh Ismail before the latter took refuge in the UK. Ismael was one of the hundreds who were rounded up following the assassination of Anwar al-Sadat in 1981; he served three years. The arrest in 2007 is his first since that time. Mamdouh Ismail Mamdouh Ismail () is an Egyptian defence attorney and a former member of "the Jihad group" (later called Egyptian Islamic Jihad), who since the 1980s has represented various Egyptians accused of terrorism offences in Egypt. He was arrested himself on 29 March 2007 and is now accused of complicity in an "Egyptian project" of al-Qaeda, taking his orders

neg: Yitzhak Rabin 1995, he was buried on Mount Herzl. Rabin's funeral was attended by many world leaders, among them U.S. president Bill Clinton, Australian Prime Minister Paul Keating, Egyptian president Hosni Mubarak and King Hussein of Jordan. Clinton delivered a eulogy whose final words were in Hebrew – "Shalom, Haver" (, lit. "Goodbye, Friend"). The square where he was assassinated, "Kikar Malkhei Yisrael" (Kings of Israel Square), was renamed Rabin Square in his honor. Many other streets and public institutions in Israel have also subsequently been named after him. After his assassination, Rabin was hailed as a national symbol and came to

neg: Kennedy (given name) bore the surname "Kennedy". One such family, according tradition dating from the 18th century, descended from a man who bore a form of this name, and settled in Lochaber in the 16th century. Throughout the English-speaking world, the given name "Kennedy" has sometimes been used in honour of John F. Kennedy, the 35th President of the United States, who was assassinated in 1963, and his brother Robert F. Kennedy, who was assassinated in 1968. In the United States of America, "Kennedy", has been among the top 1,000 names recorded in Social Security card applications, in the last 10 years, for

neg: Corinth Canal of the adjacent seas, feared heavy floods. The philosopher Apollonius of Tyana prophesied that anyone who proposed to dig a Corinthian canal would be met with illness. Three Roman rulers considered the idea but all suffered violent deaths; the historian Suetonius writes that the Roman dictator Julius Caesar considered digging a canal through the isthmus but was assassinated before he could begin the project. Caligula, the third Roman Emperor, commissioned a study in 40 AD from Egyptian experts who claimed incorrectly that the Corinthian Gulf was higher than the Saronic Gulf. As a result, they concluded, if a canal were

neg: Mustafa Ahmed Hassan Hamza Mustafa Ahmed Hassan Hamza Mustafa Hamza (born 1956) is an Egyptian commander of the military branch of the Islamic Group. He was sentenced to death in absentia by an Egyptian court in the Returnees from Afghanistan case. It is believed he took part in the 1981 assassination of Egyptian President Anwar El Sadat, the attempted assassination of President Hosni Mubarak in Addis Ababa in June 1995, and the Luxor massacre, which killed more than 60 tourists and Egyptians in 1997. He was in Iran until May 2004, when he was extradited to Egypt. He was pardoned in 2012. In November

neg: 2005 Egyptian constitutional referendum 2005 Egyptian constitutional referendum The 2005 Egyptian constitutional referendum took place in Egypt on 25 May 2005. The referendum was on a proposed change to the constitution of Egypt which would establish direct elections for the presidency. The opposition parties called for a boycott of the vote, which was passed by a large majority. Under the existing constitution, the People's Assembly, the lower house of the then-bicameral Parliament of Egypt, decided upon a candidate for president. That candidate was then confirmed by the people in a referendum. The incumbent president Hosni Mubarak was confirmed in four referendums in 1981, 1987,

neg: Theo van Gogh (film director) controversial Dutch politician Pim Fortuyn, who was assassinated in 2002. Van Gogh was shot with a HS2000 and stabbed by Mohammed Bouyeri while cycling to work on 2 November 2004 at about 9 o'clock in the morning. Bouyeri also injured some bystanders and left on the scene a note containing death threats to Ayaan Hirsi Ali, who went into hiding. It also threatened Western countries and Jews, and referred to ideologies of the Egyptian organization Takfir wal-Hijra. Bouyeri, a 26-year-old Dutch-Moroccan citizen, was apprehended by police after a chase. Authorities alleged that he had terrorist ties with the Dutch Islamist

neg: Aldo Semerari 1981. His body was found decapitated. A criminal named Lugaresi Capemuorto claimed that Semerari was assassinated by the SISMI in order to prevent him from revealing what he knew about the 1980 Bologna massacre. He claimed that on 25 March 1981, he had received a telephone call in which Semerari begged for help because he was in Naples and in danger of being murdered. Then he added: ""On March 25, 1981, I immediately called General Santovito ... warning him of the situation. Santovito, who certainly knew Semerari, was totally unsurprised and said: 'Keep the news to yourself', in the sense

neg: Mohammad-Javad Bahonar Bahonar served as the minister of culture and Islamic guidance under Mohammad Ali Rajai's prime ministry from March 1981 to August 1981. When Rajai became president on 5 August 1981, he chose Bahonar as his prime minister. Bahonar was assassinated along with Rajai and other members of Islamic Republican Party when a bomb exploded at the party's office in Tehran on 30 August 1981. In Iran, this explosion is known as the "Hashteh-Shahrivar bombing". The bomb was set off when one of the victims opened a briefcase. The briefcase was carried by Massoud Keshmiri, a security official at the Islamic

neg: Ruby (Egyptian singer) moves, to which she responded that she does not consider herself to be a sex symbol. She was also rumoured to be married to her manager, Sherif Sabri, but they have both denied the rumour. In 2008, she released a single "Yal Ramoush" (Wonderful Eyelashes). She is also the one who sang the theme song of Al Wa3d Movie "Awwel Marra" Ruby (Egyptian singer) Rania Hussein Muhammad Tawfiq (; born October 8, 1981), known as Ruby (, sometimes transliterated as Roubi), is an Egyptian singer, actress and occasional model who rose to fame with her debut single "Enta Aref Leih"

neg: Rodrigo Rosenberg Marzano prominent businessman, and Musa's daughter, Marjorie, who were both assassinated in April 2009. Khalil Musa had been nominated by members of President Colom's government to serve on the board of Guatemala's Banrural (Rural Development) bank. Rosenberg claimed the President, Sandra de Colom (the First Lady of Guatemala), members of the Colom Administration, and their business associates were using Banrural to embezzle and launder money, and because Musa would not tolerate this corruption he was assassinated. The video called for Colom to step down and Vice President of Guatemala Rafael Espada to replace him. It ended with, ... the only reality

neg: Abdul-Aziz Abdul-Shafi League in 1974–75, 1975–76, 1976–77, 1978–79, 1979–80, 1980–81 and 1981–82 2 Egyptian Cup in 1978 and 1981 As Football Director with Al-Ahly: CAF Champions League 1982 3 Egyptian Cup titles in 1982, 1983, 1984 As Manager With Al-Ahly: With Nejmeh: Abdul-Aziz Abdul-Shafi Abdul-Aziz Abdul-Shafy (Arabic : عبد العزيز عبد الشافي) (commonly known as Zizo) is an Egyptian manager and football director (born on December 25, 1952), who was a former striker and coach. He is currently the Sporting Director of Al-Ahly. Zizo played within Al-Ahly youth ranks since the age of 15. He became a member of the senior team

neg: Prime ministership of Mir-Hossein Mousavi military, budget and administrative details. After the Iraqi army was expelled from Iran in 1982, Khamenei became one of the main opponents of Khomeini's decision to counter-invade into Iraq, an opinion Khamenei shared with Prime Minister Mir-Hossein Mousavi, with whom he would later conflict during the 2009 Iranian election protests. He was re-elected to a second term in 1985, capturing 85.66% of total votes. In August 1981, President Mohammad-Ali Rajai and Prime Minister Mohammad-Javad Bahonar were assassinated in an explosion. Ali Khamenei was then elected as the third president of Iran in the Iranian presidential election, October 1981. He put

neg: Osama El-Baz negotiated the terms for the Egyptian President's visit. His colleague in those preparations was Boutros Boutros-Ghali, who later went on to become Secretary-General of the United Nations. El-Baz represented the Arab nationalist, while Boutros-Ghali was a cautious pro-Westerner. Following Sadat's assassination in 1981, Egypt's new president Hosni Mubarak took El-Baz as an advisor, where he headed the Presidential Office for Political Affairs. El-Baz was considered an "éminence grise", and was more influential than most members of the Cabinet, especially in foreign-policy matters. He was sent on sensitive missions which would be inappropriate for the Foreign Minister to undertake. According to

neg: Egyptian raid on Larnaca International Airport Egyptian troops took cover in a nearby empty Air France aircraft. Cypriot President Spyros Kyprianou, who was watching the events unfolding from the airport control tower, was forced to withdraw from the windows and take cover as Egyptian commandos struck the tower with automatic gunfire. Of the Egyptian commando force, 15 men were killed, in addition to three crew of the C-130H Hercules transport aircraft who were killed when it was struck by a missile. An estimated 15 more Egyptian commandos were reported to have been taken injured to Larnaca General Hospital with gunshot wounds. Following the assault, it emerged

neg: Vicente García González Cuba. On June 7, he left for Venezuela on the steamship “Guadalquivir”. He settled in Rio Chico, where he founded a cooperative with his family. He continued to support the new revolutionary outburst, and the Spanish assassinated him. On March 4, 1888, the Cuban General and President died. Vicente García González Vicente García González was a General in the Cuban Ten Years' War (, also known as the Great War) and later a Cuban President who was assassinated by the Spanish after the war. García was born on January 23, 1833 in Las Tunas, and died on May 4, 1886.

neg: History of Latin America rebel armies of Villa and Zapata, led in particular by General Álvaro Obregón. The Mexican Constitution of 1917, still the current constitution, was proclaimed but initially little enforced. The efforts against the other revolutionary leaders continued. Zapata was assassinated on April 10, 1919. Carranza himself was assassinated on May 15, 1920, leaving Obregón in power, who was officially elected president later that year. Finally in 1923 Villa was also assassinated. With the removal of the main rivals Obregón is able to consolidate power and relative peace returned to Mexico. Under the Constitution a liberal government is implemented but some of