query: who won the second battle of fort wagner

pos: Second Battle of Fort Wagner 6th Connecticut was mortally wounded. The 54th Massachusetts's colonel, Robert Gould Shaw, was killed upon the parapet early in the action. Some Confederate reports claim his body was pierced seven times, with the fatal wound a rifle bullet to his chest. In all, about 1,515 Union soldiers were killed, captured, or wounded in the assault of July 18, although this number has never been accurately ascertained. Gen. Hagood, the commander of Fort Wagner on the morning of July 19, stated in his report to Gen. P.G.T. Beauregard that he buried 800 bodies in mass graves in front of Wagner. Only

pos: Second Battle of Fort Wagner Second Battle of Fort Wagner The Second Battle of Fort Wagner, also known as the Second Assault on Morris Island or the Battle of Fort Wagner, Morris Island, was fought on July 18, 1863, during the American Civil War. Union Army troops commanded by Brig. Gen. Quincy Gillmore, launched an unsuccessful assault on the Confederate fortress of Fort Wagner, which protected Morris Island, south of Charleston Harbor. The battle came one week after the First Battle of Fort Wagner. Fort Wagner, or Battery Wagner as it was known to the Confederates, controlled the southern approaches to Charleston Harbor. It was

pos: Second Battle of Charleston Harbor Second Battle of Charleston Harbor The Second Battle of Charleston Harbor, also known as the Siege of Charleston Harbor, Siege of Fort Wagner, or Battle of Morris Island, took place during the American Civil War in the late summer of 1863 between a combined Union Army/Navy force and the Confederate defenses of Charleston, South Carolina. After being repulsed twice trying to take Fort Wagner by storm, Maj. Gen. Quincy Adams Gillmore decided on a less costly approach and began laying siege to the fort. In the days immediately following the second battle of Fort Wagner, Union forces besieged the Confederate

pos: First Battle of Fort Wagner Robert F. Graham. Heavy artillery fire from Fort Wagner prevented other units from joining the attack. Union casualties were 339 (49 killed, 123 wounded, 167 missing), Confederate 12. The First Battle of Fort Wagner was followed on July 16 by assaults on James Island and on July 18 by the famous, but also unsuccessful, charge of the 54th Massachusetts Infantry on July 18 in the Second Battle of Fort Wagner. In May 2008, TPL and partners, including the South Carolina Conservation Bank, the South Carolina State Ports Authority, the Civil War Trust, (a division of the American Battlefield Trust) and

pos: Second Battle of Charleston Harbor Fort Wagner. Fort Wagner had withstood 60 days of constant bombing and held off a much larger Union army. Yet the Union army and navy had captured an important position at the mouth of Charleston Harbor and reduced its most formidable fortress to rubble. Despite this, the city of Charleston and Fort Sumter itself would remain in Confederate control until William T. Sherman's armies marched through South Carolina in 1865. Gallery: the Siege of Charleston Harbor from the "Atlas to Accompany the Official Records of the Union and Confederate Armies". Second Battle of Charleston Harbor The Second Battle of Charleston

pos: Siege of Charleston Harbor Confederate order of battle Gen Pierre G. T. Beauregard BG Roswell S. Ripley Siege of Charleston Harbor Confederate order of battle The following Confederate Army units and commanders fought in the Siege of Charleston Harbor of the American Civil War. The Union order of battle is listed separately. The following lists contain the commanders and units involved in the operations against Charleston Harbor from July to September 1863. The first phase from July 10–18 includes the initial engagements at First Fort Wagner, Grimball's Landing and Second Fort Wagner. The second phase from July 19-September 8 includes siege operations against Charleston Harbor and Fort Sumter.

pos: Siege of Charleston Harbor Confederate order of battle Siege of Charleston Harbor Confederate order of battle The following Confederate Army units and commanders fought in the Siege of Charleston Harbor of the American Civil War. The Union order of battle is listed separately. The following lists contain the commanders and units involved in the operations against Charleston Harbor from July to September 1863. The first phase from July 10–18 includes the initial engagements at First Fort Wagner, Grimball's Landing and Second Fort Wagner. The second phase from July 19-September 8 includes siege operations against Charleston Harbor and Fort Sumter. Gen Pierre G. T. Beauregard BG Roswell S. Ripley

pos: Second Battle of Charleston Harbor also kept a constant rotation of soldiers through Fort Wagner and Battery Gregg. During the night, rowboats would bring fresh troops from the mainland to replace the garrison. Even though they had won a substantial victory at Fort Wagner, the Confederates fully expected the campaign to continue. Having a large garrison to draw from Gen. P.G.T. Beauregard was prepared to continue the campaign. Immediately in command of Confederate forces surrounding Charleston was former career army officer and South Carolina businessman Roswell S. Ripley. Ripley's forces were spread throughout fortifications surrounding Charleston Harbor and included a division of local South Carolina

pos: South Carolina in the American Civil War beating, saluting the U.S. flag with a 50-gun salute before taking it down. During this salute, one of the guns exploded, killing a young soldier—the only casualty of the bombardment and the first casualty of the war. In December 1861, South Carolina received $100,000 from Georgia after a disastrous fire in Charleston. Fort Wagner was the scene of two battles. The First Battle of Fort Wagner, occurred on July 11, 1863. Only 12 Confederate soldiers were killed, as opposed to the Union's 339 losses. The Second Battle of Fort Wagner, a week later, is better known. This was the Union

pos: Second Battle of Fort Wagner reputation of African Americans as soldiers, leading to greater Union recruitment of African-Americans, which strengthened the Northern states' numerical advantage. In addition, the South recognized for the first time that captured African American soldiers were to be treated as enemy combatants and not criminals. Confederate casualties numbered 174. The fort was reinforced by Brig. Gen. Johnson Hagood's brigade shortly after the assault had ended. The garrison of Fort Wagner was then changed during the night, and Gen. Hagood assumed command. He was relieved by Col. Laurence M. Keitt, who commanded the fort until it was abandoned on September 7. Gen

pos: Second Battle of Fort Wagner Hagood wrote a book titled Memoirs of the War of Secession, in which he states that the constant bombardment from the Union guns had unearthed such large numbers of the Union dead buried after the assault of July 18, and the air was so sickening with the smell of death, that one could no longer stand to be in the fort. The constant bombardment caused Confederate soldiers who were killed during the siege to be buried in the walls of Wagner, and they were also constantly being unearthed. Following the Union repulse, engineers besieged the fort. The Confederates abandoned the

pos: Johnson Hagood (governor) 21, 1862. During the 1864 Overland Campaign, Hagood brought a brigade north to Petersburg, Virginia, and fought under Major General Robert F. Hoke in the battles of Drewry's Bluff and Cold Harbor. He and his men served in the entrenchments at the Siege of Petersburg until December 1864, when Hoke's Division was ordered to the relief of Fort Fisher. Hagood commanded Fort Anderson during the Battle of Wilmington. After defeating Robert Gould Shaw and the black 54th Regiment at the second Battle of Fort Wagner, commanding Confederate General Johnson Hagood returned the bodies of the other Union officers who had

pos: Battle of Fort Sumter with the surrender of General Robert E. Lee's Army of Northern Virginia at Appomatox Courthouse. Charleston Harbor was completely in Confederate hands for almost the entire four-year duration of the war, leaving a hole in the Union naval blockade. Union forces conducted major operations in 1862 and 1863 to capture Charleston, first overland on James Island (the Battle of Secessionville, June 1862), then by naval assault against Fort Sumter (the First Battle of Charleston Harbor, April 1863), then by seizing the Confederate artillery positions on Morris Island (beginning with the Second Battle of Fort Wagner, July 1863, and followed by

pos: Folly Island the island was on May 10, 1863, when Confederate forces attacked Union forces. Since the Confederates were on a fact-finding mission, the fighting was on a very small scale. Folly was occupied by the Union Army in August 1863 and served as a supply depot and camp for the troops besieging the city of Charleston. Folly Island remained under Union control for the rest of the war. It was used as the staging area for the Battles of Fort Wagner, which were fought between July and September 1863. Morris Island was the location of Fort Wagner; the Second Battle of

pos: American Civil War was the Second Battle of Fort Wagner, in which the 54th Massachusetts Infantry took part. The Federals suffered a serious defeat in this battle, losing 1,500 men while the Confederates lost only 175. Fort Pulaski on the Georgia coast was an early target for the Union navy. Following the capture of Port Royal, an expedition was organized with engineer troops under the command of Captain Quincy A. Gillmore, forcing a Confederate surrender. The Union army occupied the fort for the rest of the war after making repair. In April 1862, a Union naval task force commanded by Commander David D.

pos: First Battle of Fort Wagner Lighthouse Inlet and landed at the southern tip of the island. Strong's troops advanced, capturing several batteries, moving about three miles to within range of Fort Wagner. Also known as Battery Wagner, it was a heavily gunned redoubt that covered nearly the entire width of the northern end of Morris Island, facing Sumter. Strong's report described the advance: On July 11, Strong's brigade attacked at dawn, advancing through a thick fog, attempting to seize Fort Wagner. Although the men of the 7th Connecticut Infantry overran a line of rifle pits, they were repulsed by the 1,770-man force under Confederate Col.

pos: Robert Gould Shaw Regiment were placed under the command of General Quincy Gilmore and sent to Charleston, South Carolina to take part in the second attempt to defeat the Confederate garrison stationed there. The fort was well armed with an assortment of heavy guns and whose overall strength was underestimated by Union command. At the battle, July 18, 1863, along with two brigades of white troops, the 54th assaulted Confederate batteries at Fort Wagner. As the unit hesitated in the face of overwhelming Confederate fire, Shaw led his men into battle by shouting, "Forward, Fifty-Fourth, forward!" He mounted a parapet and urged his

pos: Union Army of Native Americans (Cherokee, Chickasaw, Choctaw, and Creek) fought for the Confederacy. Various organizational and administrative issues arose during the war, which had a major effect on subsequent military procedures. The inclusion of blacks as combat soldiers became a major issue. Eventually, it was realized, especially after the valiant effort of the 54th Massachusetts Volunteer Infantry in the Battle of Fort Wagner, that blacks were fully able to serve as competent and reliable soldiers. This was partly due to the efforts of Robert Smalls, who, while still a slave, won fame by defecting from the Confederacy, and bringing a Confederate

pos: Second Battle of Charleston Harbor George P. Harrison, the fort's commander, ordered an artillery counterattack but the rifle pits were already turning into a new siege line. On September 5, Gillmore and Admiral Dahlgren attacked with an intense bombing of Fort Wagner for 36 hours killing 100 of the remaining defenders. Conditions within the fort were becoming intolerable, and the garrison commander, Colonel Lawrence M. Keitt, informed General Beauregard that he now had only 400 men capable of defending the fort. Therefore, on the evening of September 6–7, Beauregard ordered Confederate forces to abandon their positions on Morris Island. On September 7, Union troops occupied

pos: Second Battle of Charleston Harbor Weed. Others were named for high ranking army officers such as Batteries Rosecrans and Meade. Inside Fort Wagner only one 10-inch Columbiad faced seaward and the few landward guns were in poor condition. During Colonel Lawrence M. Keitt's tenure in command of the Confederate garrison he established signal stations on Fort Wagner's west wall to coordinate with Confederate batteries on James Island. Keitt's replacement, General Johnson Hagood, made better use of sharpshooters and the few landward guns to impede the Union siege works upon the fort. The Confederates protected their own guns and bombproofs but exposed themselves to Union naval

pos: Second Battle of Charleston Harbor of Fort Sumter would continue in general until December 31, 1863. Gillmore's attention returned to Fort Wagner. By now his forces were close enough to the Confederate works for the infantry to take action. On August 21 Colonel George B. Dandy led the 100th New York Infantry in a rush toward Fort Wagner's rifle pits. The New Yorkers quickly established a temporary picket line but their success was short lived. General Hagood ordered a counterattack which drove off Dandy's men. Following Dandy's attack Confederate engineers began working to strengthen the rifle pits, hoping to force the Union army into mounting

pos: Battle of Grimball's Landing Battle of Grimball's Landing The Battle of Grimball's Landing took place in James Island, South Carolina, on July 16, 1863, during the American Civil War. It was a part of the campaign known as Operations Against the Defenses of Charleston. To divert Confederate reinforcements from a renewed attack on nearby Fort Wagner, Brig. Gen. Quincy A. Gillmore designed two feints. An amphibious force ascended Stono River to threaten the Charleston & Savannah Railroad bridge. A second force, consisting of Alfred Terry's division, landed on James Island on July 8. Soon, Terry demonstrated against the Confederate defenses, but did not launch

pos: Fort Wagner rose above the level beach and were supported by palmetto logs and sandbags. The fort's arsenal included fourteen cannons, the largest a Columbiad that fired a 128-pound shell. It was a large structure capable of sheltering nearly 1,000 of the fort's 1,700-man garrison and provided substantial protection against naval shelling. The fort's land face was protected by a water-filled trench, wide and deep, surrounded by buried land mines and sharpened palmetto stakes. The fort itself was supported by defenses throughout Morris Island. The First Battle of Fort Wagner, occurred on July 11, 1863. Only 12 Confederate soldiers were killed, as

pos: Second Battle of Fort Sumter while working at the fort, the exact number is unknown. Second Battle of Fort Sumter The Second Battle of Fort Sumter was fought on September 8, 1863, in Charleston Harbor. Confederate General P. G. T. Beauregard, who had commanded the defenses of Charleston and captured Fort Sumter in the first battle of the war, was in overall command of the defenders. In the battle, Union forces under Major General Quincy Gillmore attempted to retake the fort at the mouth of the harbor. Union gunners pummeled the fort from their batteries on Morris Island. After a severe bombing of the fort,

pos: Robert Gould Shaw Robert Gould Shaw Robert Gould Shaw (October 10, 1837 – July 18, 1863) was an American soldier in the Union Army during the American Civil War. Born into a prominent abolitionist family, he accepted command of the first all-black regiment (54th Massachusetts) in the Northeast and encouraged the men to refuse their pay until it was equal to the white troops' wage. At the Second Battle of Fort Wagner, a beachhead near Charleston, South Carolina, Shaw was killed while leading his men to the parapet of the Confederate held fort. Although they were overwhelmed and driven back, Shaw's leadership passed

pos: USS New Ironsides Wagner on 18 July through the next two months and the Second Battle of Charleston Harbor. During this time the ship was the target of a failed spar torpedo boat attack on 21 August. While resupplying ammunition on 8 September, "New Ironsides" was called to provide cover for the monitor which had grounded between Fort Sumter and Cummings Point. "New Ironsides" anchored in front of Fort Moultrie and forced the Confederate gunners to seek cover; she fired 483 shells and was struck at least 70 times. The ship also contributed crewmen for the landing party that unsuccessfully attempted to seize

pos: USS New Ironsides times to avoid going aground. The monitors and collided with "New Ironsides" as they attempted to move past her, but no damage was suffered by any of the ships. As the ship was withdrawing she anchored directly over a Confederate "torpedo" (mine) that was filled with of gunpowder that failed to detonate. During the bombardment "New Ironsides" fired only a single broadside, but she was hit over 50 times in return without significant damage or casualties. "New Ironsides" repeatedly bombarded Confederate positions in the successful campaign to take Fort Wagner on Morris Island beginning with the Second Battle of Fort

pos: Second Battle of Fort Sumter Second Battle of Fort Sumter The Second Battle of Fort Sumter was fought on September 8, 1863, in Charleston Harbor. Confederate General P. G. T. Beauregard, who had commanded the defenses of Charleston and captured Fort Sumter in the first battle of the war, was in overall command of the defenders. In the battle, Union forces under Major General Quincy Gillmore attempted to retake the fort at the mouth of the harbor. Union gunners pummeled the fort from their batteries on Morris Island. After a severe bombing of the fort, Beauregard suspecting an attack replaced the artillerymen and all but

pos: Charleston in the American Civil War southwest. In the First and Second battles of Fort Wagner, Union forces suffered heavy losses in a failed attempt to capture the fort. A siege however resulted in Confederate abandonment of Fort Wagner by September of that year. An attempt to recapture Fort Sumter by a naval raiding party also failed badly, but Ft. Sumter was gradually reduced to rubble via bombardment from shore batteries, after the capture of Morris Island. With the development of newer, longer-range artillery, and as Union forces were able to place batteries even closer to the city. In November 1863, Jefferson Davis visited the city

pos: Fort Wagner Fort Wagner Fort Wagner or Battery Wagner was a beachhead fortification on Morris Island, South Carolina, that covered the southern approach to Charleston Harbor. It was the site of two American Civil War battles in the campaign known as Operations Against the Defenses of Charleston in 1863, and it is considered one of the toughest beachhead defenses constructed by the Confederate army. Named for deceased Lt. Col. Thomas M. Wagner, Fort Wagner measured 250 by , and spanned an area between the Atlantic on the east and an impassable swamp on the west. Its walls, composed of sand and earth,

pos: Second Battle of Charleston Harbor works on Morris Island with an array of military novelties. Union gunners made use of a new piece of artillery known as the Requa gun—25 rifle barrels mounted on a field carriage. While sappers dug zig-zag trenches toward Fort Wagner a second novelty was used—the calcium floodlight. Bright lights were flashed upon the defenders, blinding them enough to decrease accurate return fire while the Union gunners fired safely from behind the lights The Confederate defenders also had advantages. The ground the Union sappers were digging through was shallow sand with a muddy base. The trenching efforts also began to accidentally

pos: Robert Gould Shaw suffered the heaviest losses. The Confederates buried Shaw in a mass grave with many of his men, an act they intended as an insult. Two sons of Fredrick Douglass, Charles Douglass and his eldest son, Lewis Douglass, belonged to the 54th regiment. Lewis was wounded at the Battle of Fort Wagner shortly after Shaw fell, and barely managed to retreat to safety. Following the battle, commanding Confederate General Johnson Hagood returned the bodies of the other Union officers who had died, but left Shaw's where it was. Hagood informed a captured Union surgeon that "Had he been in command of

pos: Siege artillery in the American Civil War shelled Fort Wagner on September 5 and 6, 1863. Over 1,400 shells from 6.4-inch (100-pounder) Parrott rifles, 8-inch (200-pounder) Parrott rifles, and a 10-inch (300-pounder) Parrott rifle were fired into Fort Wagner . The destructive bombardment and the imminent Federal assault forced the Confederate garrison to evacuate both Fort Wagner and Fort Gregg during the night of September 7–8, 1863. A Federal officer inspecting the fort after its occupation said "Notwithstanding the heavy fire of this bombardment, together with all the fire Fort Wagner had been subjected to since the commencement of our attack, from land and naval batteries, its

neg: First Battle of Fort Wagner First Battle of Fort Wagner The First Battle of Fort Wagner was fought on July 10 and 11, 1863, on Morris Island in Charleston harbor during the American Civil War. An attempt by the Union Army to capture Fort Wagner was repulsed. The more famous Second Battle of Fort Wagner, which involved an assault by the 54th Massachusetts, would be fought on July 18. In early June 1863, Union Brig. Gen. Quincy A. Gillmore replaced Maj. Gen. David Hunter as commander of the Department of the South. Gillmore, an Army engineer, had successfully captured Fort Pulaski in April 1862. He

neg: First Battle of Fort Wagner a management plan to protect the island's nationally significant historical and natural resources." First Battle of Fort Wagner The First Battle of Fort Wagner was fought on July 10 and 11, 1863, on Morris Island in Charleston harbor during the American Civil War. An attempt by the Union Army to capture Fort Wagner was repulsed. The more famous Second Battle of Fort Wagner, which involved an assault by the 54th Massachusetts, would be fought on July 18. In early June 1863, Union Brig. Gen. Quincy A. Gillmore replaced Maj. Gen. David Hunter as commander of the Department of the South.

neg: Second Battle of Fort Wagner tract, for which he had an option to buy, the Trust, local preservationist Blake Hallman and others formed the Morris Island Coalition, generated media attention and support for preservation and defeated the effort. Ginn Resorts was interested in developing the property, too, but ultimately decided to purchase it and then immediately sell it to the preservationists. According to TPL, the city and county are working "to complete a management plan to protect the island's nationally significant historical and natural resources." Second Battle of Fort Wagner The Second Battle of Fort Wagner, also known as the Second Assault on Morris Island

neg: Second Battle of Fort Wagner commanded by Brigadier General William B. Taliaferro. An attempt was made on July 11 to assault the fort, the First Battle of Fort Wagner, but it was repulsed with heavy losses to the attackers because of artillery and musket fire. Brig. Gen. Quincy Gillmore intended to repeat his assault, but first executed feints to distract the Confederates' attention, the Battle of Grimball's Landing on July 16. Gillmore also ordered an artillery bombardment of the fort. The fort was on a very narrow island so the Union could only assault the fort with one regiment at a time. The approach to

neg: Lewis Henry Douglass famed 54th Massachusetts Infantry Regiment. Shortly after joining the army, Douglass attained the rank of Sergeant Major, the highest rank a black man could reach. He took part in the Battle of James Island, the Battle of Olustee and the Second Battle of Fort Wagner. At the Second Battle of Fort Wagner, half of his regiment was killed, but this battle turned the public's attention toward the sacrifices made by African Americans in the war. Douglass addressed the bravery of the African American troops in a letter to his future wife Helen Amelia Loguen: MORRIS ISLAND. S. C. July 20

neg: Fort Wagner opposed to 339 losses for the U.S. side. The Second Battle of Fort Wagner, a week later, is better known. This was the U.S. attack on July 18, 1863, led by the 54th Massachusetts Volunteer Infantry, one of the first major American military units made up of black soldiers. Colonel Robert Gould Shaw led the 54th Massachusetts on foot while they charged, and was killed in the assault. Although a tactical defeat, the publicity of the battle of Fort Wagner led to further action for black U.S. troops in the Civil War, and it spurred additional recruitment that gave the

neg: 54th Massachusetts Infantry Regiment During its service with the X Corps, the 54th Massachusetts took part in operations against Charleston, South Carolina, including the Battle of Grimball's Landing on July 16, 1863, and the more famous Second Battle of Fort Wagner on July 18, 1863. During the latter engagement, the 54th Massachusetts, with other Union regiments, executed a frontal assault against Fort Wagner and suffered casualties of 20 killed, 125 wounded, and 102 missing (primarily presumed dead)--roughly 40 percent of the unit's numbers at that time. Col. Robert G. Shaw was killed on the parapet of Fort Wagner. In 1864, as part of the

neg: Haldimand S. Putnam had been an acting brigadier general for several months preceding the Second Battle of Fort Wagner, on July 18, 1863. In the battle, he led the 2nd Brigade, which was composed of the 7th New Hampshire, 62nd Ohio, 67th Ohio, and 100th New York. He was killed by a musket ball to the head while rallying his men. His body was not recovered. Haldimand S. Putnam Haldimand Sumner Putnam (October 15, 1835 – July 18, 1863) was a brevet colonel in the Union Army during the American Civil War. He was killed at the Second Battle of Fort Wagner. Putnam

neg: Quincy Adams Gillmore Spanish Wells area near Hilton Head Island. He then turned his attention against Charleston, South Carolina. Initially successful in an attack on the southern end of Morris Island on July 10, Gillmore had enough confidence to assault Fort Wagner on the north end of the island. The following day he launched the first attack on Fort Wagner which was defeated. He assembled a larger assault force and with the assistance of John A. Dahlgren's naval fleet planned a second attack. On July 18, 1863 Gillmore's troops were repulsed with heavy losses in the Second Battle of Fort Wagner. Gillmore's divisional

neg: Second Battle of Fort Wagner the fort was constricted to a strip of beach 60 yards (55 m) wide with the ocean to the east and the marsh from Vincent's (now Bass) Creek to the west. Upon rounding this defile, the Union Army was presented with the 250-yard south face of Fort Wagner, which stretched from Vincent's creek to the sea. Surrounding the fort was a shallow moat riveted with sharpened palmetto logs, as abatis, and the moat on the seaward side had planks with spikes positioned beneath the water. The armament of Fort Wagner on the night of July 18 consisted of one 10-inch

neg: Henry Lee Morey Ridge, Strasburg, Battle of Cross Keys, Battle of Cedar Mountain, Battle of Rappahannock Station I (Freeman's Ford, Sulphur Springs, and Waterloo Bridge), Second Battle of Bull Run, Battle of Aldie and Battle of Chancellorsville in Virginia. He was taken prisoner at the battle of Chancellorsville and confined in the notorious Libby Prison until exchanged. He again commanded his company in the battles of Battle of Fort Wagner, Morris Island, Fort Gregg and in the siege of Fort Sumter in South Carolina and engagements at Camp Baldwin and Battle of Gainesville in Florida. He was mustered out in 1865. On April

neg: First Battle of Charleston Harbor Battery Wagner (often referred to in Union accounts as Fort Wagner) and Battery Gregg, both on Morris Island. Near them, on a man-made island on the same side of the harbor, was Fort Sumter. Fort Moultrie and its outlying batteries lay across the harbor on Sullivan's Island. These formed the first or outer defensive ring. A second ring consisted of Fort Johnson and Battery Glover on James Island, and Fort Ripley and Castle Pinckney in the harbor, and finally the White Point Battery (Battery Ramsay) at the southern end of the city itself. A third ring, formed of several batteries

neg: William Wagner House William Wagner House The Wagner Homestead was built by William Wagner, who came to Miami with his Creole wife Everline. Wagner, a U.S. Army veteran, had joined the army in 1846, fought in the Mexican War under General Winfield Scott until he was wounded in the Battle of Cerro Gordo, and sent to Charleston S.C. to recuperate. When Wagner's former military unit was sent to reopen Fort Dallas in 1855, he came to the Miami area and decided to move to South Florida. Wagner died in 1901 on his homestead. He was one of the area's first permanent residents and

neg: Second Battle of Fort Wagner fort on September 7, 1863, after resisting 60 days of shelling, it having been deemed untenable because of the damage from constant bombardment, lack of provisions, and the close proximity of the Union siege trenches to Wagner. In May 2008, TPL and partners, including the South Carolina Conservation Bank, the South Carolina State Ports Authority, the Civil War Trust, (a division of the American Battlefield Trust) and many private donors, purchased the island on behalf of the City of Charleston from Ginn Resorts for $3 million. Previously, in 2003, when a builder announced his plans to build houses on the

neg: Second Battle of Fort Wagner p.m. and was conducted in three movements. The 54th Massachusetts attacked to the west upon the curtain of Wagner, with the remainder of Gen. Strong's brigade and Col. Putnam's brigade attacking the seaward salient on the south face. As the assault commenced and bombardment subsided, the men of the 1st South Carolina Artillery, Charleston Battalion, and 51st North Carolina Infantry took their positions. The 31st North Carolina, which had been completely captured during the battle of Roanoke Island and later exchanged, remained in the bombproof shelter and did not take its position in the southeast bastion. When the 54th Massachusetts

neg: Second Battle of Fort Wagner seacoast mortar, two 32 lb. carronades, two 8-inch shell guns, two 32 lb. howitzers, a 42 lb. carronade, and an 8-inch seacoast mortar on the land face. Company A of the 1st South Carolina Artillery also had two guns positioned outside of Wagner's southern face by Vincent's creek to provide enfilading fire. The sea face of Wagner was armed with one 32 lb. carronade, one 10-inch Columbiad, and two 12 lb. howitzers. The garrison of Battery Wagner consisted of the 1st South Carolina Artillery, the Charleston Battalion, the 31st North Carolina, and the 51st North Carolina. Gilmore ordered his siege

neg: Doris Sams home runs, recording career-best numbers with 59 RBI and 117 games played. Thanks in part to her timely hitting, Muskegon finished second in the Eastern Division with a record of 66–57 and advanced to the playoffs, only to be beaten by the Fort Wayne Daisies in the first round. Unfortunately, Sams was overlooked for the All-Star Team, being surpassed by Kenosha Comets center fielder and Player of the Year Audrey Wagner, who won the batting title with a .312 average, and belted four homers with 70 runs and 56 RBI. Wagner was the only girl to hit over .300 in

neg: Second Battle of Charleston Harbor militia. Gilmore and Admiral John A. Dahlgren requested reinforcements from General-in-Chief Henry Halleck. Halleck was reluctant but nevertheless a division from the Army of the Potomac was transferred to the south under George H. Gordon. General John G. Foster, Union commander of the Department of North Carolina, enthusiastically sent a division of reinforcements telling Gilmore "Charleston is too important to be lost when so nearly won". Despite the marshy conditions on Morris Island, Union forces had constructed powerful batteries to combat Fort Wagner. These batteries were often named in honor of fallen leaders such as Batteries Strong, Reynolds, Kearny and

neg: 54th Massachusetts Infantry Regiment losing 42 men in the process. The regiment gained recognition on July 18, 1863, when it spearheaded an assault on Fort Wagner near Charleston, South Carolina. 270 of the 600 men who charged Fort Wagner were "killed, wounded or captured." At this battle Colonel Shaw was killed, along with 29 of his men; 24 more later died of wounds, 15 were captured, 52 were missing in action and never accounted for, and 149 were wounded. The total regimental casualties of 270 would be the highest total for the 54th in a single engagement during the war. Although Union forces were

neg: Haldimand S. Putnam Haldimand S. Putnam Haldimand Sumner Putnam (October 15, 1835 – July 18, 1863) was a brevet colonel in the Union Army during the American Civil War. He was killed at the Second Battle of Fort Wagner. Putnam was born in Cornish, New Hampshire on October 15, 1835. He was the son of John L. Putnam, who was both a farmer and Judge of Probate for Sullivan County. Haldimand Putnam enrolled in the West Point Military Academy at the age of sixteen, and graduated in 1857 with high honors. Soon after graduating, he was brevetted a second lieutenant in the Corps

neg: 3rd Rhode Island Heavy Artillery May 23. Moved to Edisto Island, S.C., May 23. Operations on James Island, S.C., June 1-28. Action on James Island June 10. Battle of Secessionville June 16. Moved to Hilton Head S.C., June 28-July 1, and duty there until July 1863. Assaults on Fort Wagner, Morris Island, July 11 and 18. Siege of Fort Wagner, Morris Island, July 18-September 7. Capture of Forts Wagner and Gregg September 7. Operations against Fort Sumter and Charleston until March 1864. Duty at Hilton Head, S.C., until October 1864. Operations against Charleston from Morris Island, S.C., until February 1865. Duty at Sullivan's Island, S.C.,

neg: Second Battle of Fort Wagner guns and mortars to begin a bombardment of the fort on July 18 and they were joined by the naval gunfire from six monitors that pulled to within 300 yards of the fort. The bombardment lasted eight hours, but caused little damage against the sandy walls of the fort, and in all, killed only about 8 men and wounded an additional 20, as the defenders had taken cover in the bombproof shelter. The 54th Massachusetts, an infantry regiment composed of African-American soldiers led by Colonel Robert Gould Shaw, led the Union attack at dusk. They were backed by two brigades

neg: John Wainwright (soldier) 97th Pennsylvania's H Company from July 4 to September 7, during which time he participated with his regiment and other Union troops in: the capture of Morris Island, South Carolina; the siege of Forts Wagner, Gregg, Sumter, Moultrie, and Johnson; and the Second Battle of Fort Wagner (July 18, 1863). He was then temporarily reassigned as commander of his regiment's F Company from September 7 to November 5. Participating with his regiment in the Union Army's operations at Camp Cooper, Woodstock Mills and Kings Ferry, Florida during the early part of 1864, and still holding the rank of first lieutenant,

neg: Quincy Adams Gillmore served under General Gillmore's command. Among the troops who assaulted Ft. Wagner was the 54th Massachusetts, a regiment of African-Americans led (as required by regulation) by white commissioned officers. Gillmore had ordered that his forces be integrated and that African-Americans were not to be assigned menial tasks only, such as KP or latrine duty, but instead they were to carry arms into battle. They and their assault on Ft. Wagner were the subject of the 1989 Civil War movie "Glory". Gillmore decided on siege operations to capture Fort Wagner using innovative technology such as the Requa gun and calcium flood

neg: History of African Americans in Boston One member of the regiment was Sergeant William H. Carney, who won the Medal of Honor for his gallantry during the Battle of Fort Wagner. Carney's face is shown on the monument to Robert Gould Shaw and the 54th on the Boston Common. The regiment trained at Camp Meigs in Readville. Boston's Black Heritage Trail stops at the African Meeting House and other sites on Beacon Hill pertinent to black history before the Civil War. The Boston Women's Heritage Trail also celebrates women from this period such as Rebecca Lee Crumpler, the first African-American woman physician, the poet Phyllis Wheatley,

neg: 97th Pennsylvania Infantry Regiment June 1–28. Action on James Island June 10. Battle of Secessionville June 16. Evacuation of James Island June 28, and duty at North Edisto Island until July 18. Moved to Hilton Head, S.C., July 18, and duty there until November 20. At St. Helena Island, S.C., until January 15, 1863. At Hilton Head and Seabrook Point until April. At Seabrook Island until July 8. Expedition to James Island July 9–16. Battle of Secessionville July 16. Moved to Folly and Morris Islands July 17–18. Assault on Fort Wagner, Morris Island, July 18. Siege of Fort Wagner, Morris Island, and operations against

neg: 1948 All-American Girls Professional Baseball League season hurled 10 shutouts a piece. The only .300 hitter was Kenosha's Audrey Wagner (.312), who also led the circuit in hits (130) and total bases (186). At the end of the season Wagner was honored with the AAGPBL Player of the Year Award. The Grand Rapids and Racine teams won their respective division. In the first round, Grand Rapids, Fort Wayne, Racine and Rockford swept South Bend, Muskegon, Peoria and Kenosha, respectively. In the divisional playoffs, Fort Wayne swept Grand Rapids and Rockford did the same with Racine. Then, Rockford jumped out to a three-game lead in the final series

neg: Moravian Cemetery is a replica of a Romanesque church in Arles, France. The landscaped grounds around the Vanderbilt mausoleum were designed by Frederick Law Olmsted. The Vanderbilt section is not open to the public. A monument to Robert Gould Shaw, a Union soldier who led the first all-black regiment in the American Civil War and died in the Second Battle of Fort Wagner, was erected here by his family. The director Martin Scorsese also has a burial plot here. In the novel "It's Superman: A Novel", the mother of the character Lex Luthor is buried here. Moravian Cemetery The Moravian Cemetery is

neg: Monika Wagner Monika Wagner Monika Wagner (born 28 February 1965 in Garmisch-Partenkirchen, Germany) is a German curler. She currently plays third for Andrea Schöpp, who was born eight hours before her in the same hospital. Wagner has played with Schöpp for most of her international career. She was her lead at the 1980 European Curling Championships where they won the bronze medal. Since then Wagner has been both Schöpp's second and third. With Schöpp, Wagner has won the World Curling Championships in 1988 and 2010, six European Curling Championships (1986, 1987, 1989, 1991, 1995 and 2009) and an Olympic Gold medal (1992).

neg: Quincy Adams Gillmore light to blind opponents during trenching efforts. He also implanted a massive Parrott rifle, nicknamed the "Swamp Angel," which fired 200-pound shots into the city of Charleston itself. Despite the swampy ground Union troops were able to work their way toward Fort Wagner. Meanwhile, Gillmore's artillery pounded Fort Sumter into rubble. On September 7 Gillmore's forces captured Fort Wagner. In February 1864, Gillmore sent troops to Florida under the command of General Truman Seymour. Despite orders from Gillmore not to advance into the interior of the state, General Seymour advanced toward Tallahassee, the capitol, and fought the largest battle in

neg: 76th Pennsylvania Infantry Regiment S.C., until April 1863, and at Seabrook Island until June. Moved to Folly Island, S.C. Attack on Morris Island, S.C., July 10. Assaults on Fort Wagner, Morris Island, July 11 and 18. Siege operations against Fort Wagner until August. Ordered to Hilton Head, S.C., and duty there until April 1864. Moved to Yorktown, Va., April. Butler's operations on south side of the James River and against Petersburg and Richmond May 4–28. Capture of Bermuda Hundred May 5. Waltham Junction, Chester Station, May 6–7. Proctor's Creek and operations against Fort Darling May 12–13. Battle of Drewry's Bluff May 14–16. On Bermuda

neg: Foreign enlistment in the American Civil War served in the US Navy from 1863 to 1864), John Wilson and Joseph Thomas of the 31st Colored Infantry Regiment, John Thompson of the 26th Colored Infantry, Wate O. Harris, of the 6th Coloured Infantry, and George Smith. The best-known of the coloured Bermudians to serve in the Union army was First Sergeant Robert John Simmons of the 54th Massachusetts Infantry Regiment, who had previously served in the British Army in Bermuda. Simmons was to die of wounds following the Second Battle of Fort Wagner, on the outskirts of the Bermudian settlement of Charleston, South Carolina, where most of the

neg: Second Battle of Fort Wagner 315 men were left from the 54th after the battle. Thirty were killed in action, including Col. Shaw and Captains Russel and Simpkins, and buried together in a single grave. Twenty-four later died of wounds, fifteen were captured, and fifty-two were reported missing after the battle and never seen again. The men of the 54th Massachusetts were hailed for their valor. William Carney, an African-American sergeant with the 54th, is considered the first black recipient of the Medal of Honor for his actions that day in recovering and returning the unit's U.S. Flag to Union lines. Their conduct improved the

neg: George Washington Rodgers the silencing of Fort Sumter and the batteries on Morris Island." Rodgers was killed aboard the "Catskill" on August 17, 1863, after a shot pierced the pilothouse while Rodgers commanded the attack on Fort Wagner in the Second Battle of Charleston Harbor. George Washington Rodgers Commander George Washington Rodgers (October 30, 1822 – August 17, 1863) was an officer of the United States Navy. Rodgers was born in Brooklyn, the son of Captain George Washington Rodgers (1787–1832) and Anna Maria Perry. His maternal grandfather was Christopher Raymond Perry and he came from a family with an extensive history in the

neg: Monika Wagner She was an alternate on the German team that won the 2008 European Mixed Curling Championship. She was a member of the German team at the 1998 and 2010 Winter Olympics. Monika Wagner Monika Wagner (born 28 February 1965 in Garmisch-Partenkirchen, Germany) is a German curler. She currently plays third for Andrea Schöpp, who was born eight hours before her in the same hospital. Wagner has played with Schöpp for most of her international career. She was her lead at the 1980 European Curling Championships where they won the bronze medal. Since then Wagner has been both Schöpp's second and

neg: Dr. Wagner Jr. 3 Dr. Wagner Jr. was managed by Famous B and worked a storyline feud with Son of Havoc and Mascarita Sagrada, who had previously been managed by Famous B. He also participated in the "Battle of the Bulls" tournament, but was eliminated by Cage. At Ultima Lucha Tres, Wagner returned and teamed with Famous B to defeat Texano forcing him to become Famous B's new client. In June 2010, Dr. Wagner Jr. won a four-way match to become the wrestler to be featured on the cover of the video game , which was released on August 9, 2010, in North

neg: Second Battle of Fort Wagner reached about 150 yards from the fort, the defenders opened up with cannon and small arms, tearing through their ranks. The 51st North Carolina delivered a direct fire into them, as the Charleston Battalion fired into their left. The 54th managed to reach the parapet, but after a fierce struggle, including hand-to-hand combat, they were forced back. The 6th Connecticut continued the assault at the weakest point, the southeast, where the 31st had failed to take its position. General Taliaferro quickly rounded up some soldiers to take the position, while the 51st North Carolina and Charleston Battalion fired obliquely into

neg: The Fort Garry Horse Horse who have died on active service, a memorial wall incorporates the battle honours, the names of the deceased members (with the date of their death), an inscription, the regimental guidon (Fort Garry gate and the regimental motto), and the cap badges used in 1914 and 1939. A wall hanging in the Warrant Officer's and Sergeant's Mess incorporates two lances; the regimental cap badge; the regimental motto and the battle honours won during the North West Rebellion and the First and Second World Wars. On June 11, 2004, during a visit by Fort Garry Horse, a monumental stone was unveiled

neg: Three Places in New England and the Massachusetts Fifty-Fourth Regiment. Colonel Robert Shaw was the white commander who led the Regiment in their assault on Fort Wagner, South Carolina. Of the six hundred men who stormed the fort, 272, including Shaw, were killed, captured, or wounded. They were subsequently recognized for their courage and valor in battle. The story of the 54th Massachusetts was dramatically told, from the point of view of Colonel Shaw, in the 1989 Oscar-winning film "Glory." Composed between 1913 and 1923 and revised in 1929, it is possible that initial sketches of this piece were penned as far back as May

neg: Lower Seaboard Theater of the American Civil War Royal Sound, south of Charleston. The Union navy selected this location as a coaling station for the South Atlantic Blockading Squadron. In attempting to capture Charleston, the Union military tried two approaches, by land over James or Morris Islands or through the harbor. However, the Confederates were able to drive back each Union attack. One of the most famous of the land attacks was the Second Battle of Fort Wagner, in which the 54th Massachusetts Infantry took part. The Federals suffered a serious defeat in this battle, losing 1,500 men while the Confederates lost only 175. During the night of

neg: Arthur L. Wagner in December 1899. During the Philippine–American War, Wagner served in various staff positions, reaching the rank of colonel before returning to the United States in 1902 as adjutant general of the Department of the Lakes at Chicago. Wagner lived in Asheville, North Carolina as a staff officer for the recently established Army War College at the Washington Barracks (Fort Lesley McNair), until his death on June 17, 1905, the same day in which he had won promotion to brigadier general. Arthur L. Wagner Arthur Lockwood Wagner (March 16, 1853 – June 17, 1905) was a United States brigadier general and

neg: Fort Wagner shut down a vital lifeline to the rebellion. The most famous regiment that fought for the U.S. side in the battle of Fort Wagner was the 54th regiment, which was one of the first African-American regiments in the war. The 54th was controversial in the North, where many people supported the abolition of slavery, but still treated African-Americans as lesser or inferior to whites. Though some claimed blacks could not fight as well as whites, the actions of the 54th Massachusetts demonstrated once again the fallacy in that argument, as this was not the first time blacks ever fought in

neg: Fort Wagner war or even for the United States. William Carney, an African-American and a sergeant with the 54th, is considered the first black recipient of the Medal of Honor for his actions at Fort Wagner in recovering and returning the unit's American flag to U.S. lines. After the battle, the Confederates buried the regiment's commanding officer, Robert Gould Shaw, in a mass grave with the African-American soldiers of his regiment, viewing this as an insult to him. Instead, his family were grateful to them for burying Shaw with his men. Morris Island is smaller than 1,000 acres and is subject to

neg: 103rd New York Volunteer Infantry 1-7. Ordered to Folly Island, S.C., July 28. Siege operations against Forts Wagner and Gregg on Morris Island and against Fort Sumter and Charleston, S.C., August 14-September 7. Bombardment of Fort Sumter August 17-23. Capture of Forts Wagner and Gregg September 7. Operations against Charleston and duty on Folly Island, S.C., September 1863 to August 1864. Demonstrations on James Island May 21-22 and July 1-10, 1864. Ordered to Washington, D.C., August 1864, and duty there until September 27. Ordered to the Shenandoah Valley, Va., September 27, and duty there until November 22. Battle of Cedar Creek October 19. Ordered to

neg: George D. Wagner years later, he was elected to the State Senate. He was selected as the president of the Indiana State Agricultural Society, a post he held when the Civil War began in April 1861 with the bombardment of Fort Sumter in South Carolina. In June of that year, Wagner enlisted in the state volunteer troops as colonel of the 15th Indiana Infantry and initially served in western Virginia. He commanded the 21st brigade in the Army of the Ohio during the Battle of Shiloh in April 1862. He subsequently participated in the Battle of Perryville and commanded the 21st brigade in

neg: Julius Wagner-Jauregg Julius Wagner-Jauregg Julius Wagner-Jauregg (7 March 1857 – 27 September 1940) was an Austrian physician, who won the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine in 1927, and is the second psychiatrist to have done so. His Nobel award was "for his discovery of the therapeutic value of malaria inoculation in the treatment of dementia paralytica". Julius Wagner-Jauregg was born Julius Wagner on 7 March 1857 in Wels, Upper Austria, the son of Adolph Johann Wagner and Ludovika Jauernigg Ranzoni. His family name was changed to "Wagner von Jauregg" when his father was given the title of "Ritter von Jauregg" (a

neg: Siege artillery in the American Civil War tip of Morris Island. Two unsuccessful infantry assaults were made against Fort Wagner, the second assault being led by the 54th Massachusetts Volunteer Infantry. On July 21, General Quincy Adams Gillmore began laying down batteries for the bombardment of Fort Sumter and Fort Wagner. Later a battery was created for guns to bombard the city of Charleston. The campaign against Charleston Harbor was successful by many measurements. Morris Island was occupied, Fort Sumter was reduced, and the presence of Federal batteries sweeping the main channel into the harbor, effectively closed Charleston as a port for blockade runners. However, the long

neg: Jack Wagner (politician) Representative Tom Murphy won the Democratic primary with 72% of the vote. Wagner was a distant second place with 28% of the vote. Wagner did not seek re-election to City Council in 1993, and originally sought instead to run for mayor. In 1994, however, he instead decided to run in the special election triggered by the death of Democrat State Senator Eugene Scanlon. In March, Wagner won the state party endorsement by winning 58% of the vote from the State Democratic Committee. Dan Onorato placed second with 40% of the vote. In May, Wagner won the Democratic primary with a

neg: Greenback, Tennessee most of the 400 or so in attendance vehemently opposed the project. TVA Chairman Aubrey Wagner, who spoke on the Authority's behalf, was continuously interrupted throughout his speech. At one point, Wagner was shouted down by legendary Monroe County judge Sue K. Hicks, who as president of the Fort Loudoun Association feared the destruction of the historic fort's site by the proposed dam's reservoir. In 2011, H&R Block featured Greenback in its national advertising campaign. The campaign, known as "Greenbacks for Greenback," included a review of many of the citizens' taxes - a program H&R Block calls "second look." The

neg: Dennis Wagner (chess player) Chess Championship. He placed one-hundred-and-fifty-second, scoring 5½/11 (+3–3=5). Wagner was named the U14 Player of the Year of 2007, 2008 and 2009 by the German Chess Federation, and the U20 Player of the Year of 2012 and 2014. Dennis Wagner (chess player) Dennis Wagner (born 19 June 1997) is a German chess grandmaster. Born in 1997, Wagner won the U10 German Chess Championship in 2007. He competed in the World U12 Chess Championship in 2008, placing ninth. He won the U12 German Chess Championship in 2009. He also placed second in the U14 German Chess Championship in 2010, and second

neg: Second Battle of Fort Wagner composed of nine regiments. The first brigade was commanded by Gen. George Crockett Strong and was composed of the 54th Massachusetts, 6th Connecticut, 48th New York, 3rd New Hampshire, 76th Pennsylvania, and the 9th Maine regiments. The second brigade was commanded by Col. Haldimand S. Putnam of the 7th New Hampshire as acting brigade commander. His brigade consisted of the 7th New Hampshire, 62nd Ohio, 67th Ohio, and the 100th New York regiments. A third brigade under Gen. Stevenson was in reserve, with General Truman Seymour commanding on the field, but did not enter action. The assault began at 7:45

neg: Orrin L. Mann Orrin L. Mann Orrin Lorentna Mann (November 25, 1833 – December 13, 1908) was an American soldier and politician who served as an officer in the Union Army during the American Civil War. Born in Ohio, Mann struggled to find gainful employment in his early years and made two abortive attempts to gain a university education. While in Chicago, Illinois, Mann raised a regiment, the 39th Illinois Volunteer Infantry Regiment, which deployed in late 1861. Mann led the unit through the First Battle of Kernstown and Siege of Fort Wagner before sustaining an injury while leading at the Battle of

neg: Edward Needles Hallowell soldiers in Philadelphia and was actually the first officer to occupy the barracks set aside for the 54th at Camp Meigs in Reedville. Recruiting for the regiment proved so successful that a second regiment, the 55th, was formed. Norwood Hallowell was designated as the 55th's colonel and Edward was promoted to major and was second-in-command to Shaw. By the time of the famous assault by the 54th on Fort Wagner Hallowell was promoted to lieutenant colonel. In the assault on Fort Wagner he commanded the left wing with half the regiment's companies. Because of the narrow defile through which the

neg: Ashley Wagner March 12. She placed fifth at Worlds, while her teammate, Gracie Gold, placed sixth. With these placements, they gained three spots for the Olympics and World Championships. Wagner placed second at the 2013 World Team Trophy and the United States won the event. One week later, Phillip Mills, her choreographer, announced that he had given Wagner his resignation. On April 24, John Nicks said he would no longer travel but would still coach Wagner at the Aliso Viejo Ice Palace. On June 25, Wagner said she would also train in Lake Arrowhead, California with Rafael Arutyunyan, who would accompany her

neg: Dennis Wagner (chess player) Dennis Wagner (chess player) Dennis Wagner (born 19 June 1997) is a German chess grandmaster. Born in 1997, Wagner won the U10 German Chess Championship in 2007. He competed in the World U12 Chess Championship in 2008, placing ninth. He won the U12 German Chess Championship in 2009. He also placed second in the U14 German Chess Championship in 2010, and second in the U16 German Chess Championship in 2011. In December 2011, he won the Paderborn Cup, scoring 6½/7 (+6–0=1) for a of over 2700. He earned his international master title in June 2012 and in November participated in

neg: Battle of Franklin (1864) time during the battle in Fort Granger, built in 1863 as an artillery position northeast of the town. Two Union brigades were positioned about a half mile forward of the main line. Wagner's division had been the last to arrive from Spring Hill, and after briefly stopping at Winstead Hill before Hood arrived, he ordered his brigades under Colonels Emerson Opdycke, John Q. Lane, and Joseph Conrad (who had replaced Luther Bradley, wounded at Spring Hill) to stop halfway to the Union line and dig in as best they could on the flat ground. Stanley had earlier ordered Wagner to

neg: Carl Wagner in oxides. Wagner and Schottky proposed the point defect-mediated mechanism of mass transport in solids, Wagner then extended the analysis to electronic defects. For these works and for his subsequent research on local equilibrium, his oxidation rate theory, and the concept of counter diffusion of cations, Wagner is considered by some as the "father of solid state chemistry." At the end of the Second World War, it was anticipated that German universities and research establishments would undergo a long period of re-building and Wagner was invited to the USA to become a scientific advisor at Fort Bliss, Texas with other

neg: 1st New York Volunteer Engineer Regiment the failed infantry assault on Fort Wagner which included the famous charge by the 54th Massachusetts Volunteer Infantry, retold in the climax of the feature film Glory, the 1st New York Engineers were tasked with conducting a traditional siege on the fort. After 60 days of shelling, the defenders abandoned the fort on September 7, 1863. Using Morris Island as a staging area, the X Corps could focus on recapturing Fort Sumter, the site of the first military action of the Civil War. During the Battle of Fort Sumter, the 1st New York established watchtowers and built batteries in an

neg: Battle of Port Royal in the fort, but were not mounted. Fort Beauregard was almost as strong; it also had 13 guns that bore on the channel, plus six others for protection against land attacks. The garrisons were increased in size; 687 men were in and near Fort Wagner in mid-August. On November 6, another 450 infantry and 50 artillerymen were added, and 650 more came from Georgia the same day. Because of its isolated position, the garrison of Fort Beauregard could not be easily increased. The force on Philip's Island was 640 men, of whom 149 were in the fort and the remainder

neg: Soldiers' Monument in Bristol, Connecticut men from Bristol who died during the American Civil War and each one of those faces also honor one or more of the battles that were fought. The eastern face honors fourteen of its residents who died during the Civil War, as well as the men who fought and died at the Battle of Antietam. The northern face lists thirteen residents who died as prisoners of war, two residents who were lost at sea, and the battles of Fredericksburg and Plymouth. The western face lists thirteen names along with the battles of Fort Wagner and Irish Bend. As for the

neg: Quincy Adams Shaw Gould Shaw (October 10, 1837July 18, 1863). The latter was a colonel in the Volunteer Army of the United States during the American Civil War, and commander of the all-black 54th Regiment. Colonel Robert Gould Shaw was killed in action during the Second Battle of Fort Wagner in 1863. On November 30, 1860, Shaw married Pauline Agassiz (February 6, 1841 – February 10, 1917), daughter of Louis Agassiz and the step daughter of Elizabeth Cabot Cary. They had five children: Pauline, Marian, Louis Agassiz Shaw, Sr. (September 18, 1861 – July 2, 1891), Quincy Adams (July 30, 1869 – May

neg: Edward Needles Hallowell the famous Union Club off of Boston Common which has meeting rooms dedicated to Edward and Norwood as well as Robert Gould Shaw. Edward Needles Hallowell Edward "Ned" Needles Hallowell (November 3, 1836 – July 26, 1871) was an officer in the Union Army during the American Civil War, commanding the 54th Massachusetts Volunteer Infantry following the death of Colonel Robert Gould Shaw at the Second Battle of Fort Wagner in 1863. Edward grew up in a well-to-do Quaker family in Philadelphia. His father Morris was part owner and operator of Hallowell & Company of 33 South Third Street, Philadelphia.

neg: Edward Needles Hallowell Edward Needles Hallowell Edward "Ned" Needles Hallowell (November 3, 1836 – July 26, 1871) was an officer in the Union Army during the American Civil War, commanding the 54th Massachusetts Volunteer Infantry following the death of Colonel Robert Gould Shaw at the Second Battle of Fort Wagner in 1863. Edward grew up in a well-to-do Quaker family in Philadelphia. His father Morris was part owner and operator of Hallowell & Company of 33 South Third Street, Philadelphia. The firm predominantly imported and sold silk from India and China. Edward's father was also a passionate abolitionist. The family was far more

neg: Alfred S. Hartwell expected, so he was promoted to lieutenant colonel, and helped organize the 55th Regiment Massachusetts Volunteer Infantry under command of Norwood Penrose Hallowell. The 54th's role in the Second Battle of Fort Wagner was depicted in the film "Glory". The 55th moved into their former barracks, and was ordered to embark in July 1863. They served building trenches on Folly Island supporting the siege of Charleston, South Carolina. When Hallowell had to resign for treatment of an old wound, Hartwell was promoted to command the regiment on November 3, 1863. Morale became a problem when his troops discovered that despite

neg: Samuel Abbott Green the staffs of various cavalry officers. He had charge of the hospital ship "Recruit" for General Burnside's expedition to Roanoke Island. He commanded the hospital ship "Cosmopolitan" on the coast of South Carolina. During the Second Battle of Fort Wagner, he was chief medical officer on Morris Island. In October 1863, he was sent to Florida, and was post surgeon at St. Augustine and Jacksonville; thence he was sent to Virginia, and was with the army when Bermuda Hundred was taken. He was appointed acting staff surgeon, and was stationed three months at Richmond after its fall. For gallant and

neg: Lewis Henry Douglass I wish we had a hundred thousand colored troops we would put an end to this war. Good Bye to all Write soon Your own loving LEWIS Douglass was also wounded in the Second Battle of Fort Wagner and became ill, forcing him to be medically discharged from the army in 1864. After the Civil War, he worked as a teacher for the Freedman's Bureau. In 1866, Lewis and his brother, Frederick Douglass, Jr. went to Denver where they were hosted by Henry O. Wagoner, a friend of their father. Wagoner taught the brothers typography and along with William J.