query: who is credited with the discovery of the milky way

pos: Milky Way Milky Way The Milky Way is the galaxy that contains our Solar System. The name describes the galaxy's appearance from Earth: a hazy band of light seen in the night sky formed from stars that cannot be individually distinguished by the naked eye. The term "Milky Way" is a translation of the Latin ', from the Greek (', "milky circle"). From Earth, the Milky Way appears as a band because its disk-shaped structure is viewed from within. Galileo Galilei first resolved the band of light into individual stars with his telescope in 1610. Until the early 1920s, most astronomers thought

pos: Milky Way Milky Way The Milky Way is the galaxy that contains our Solar System. The name describes the galaxy's appearance from Earth: a hazy band of light seen in the night sky formed from stars that cannot be individually distinguished by the naked eye. The term "Milky Way" is a translation of the Latin ', from the Greek (', "milky circle"). From Earth, the Milky Way appears as a band because its disk-shaped structure is viewed from within. Galileo Galilei first resolved the band of light into individual stars with his telescope in 1610. Until the early 1920s, most astronomers thought

neg: Milky Way possibility of the disk of the Milky Way extending further is apparent, and this is supported by evidence from the discovery of the Outer Arm extension of the Cygnus Arm and of a similar extension of the Scutum-Centaurus Arm. With the discovery of the Sagittarius Dwarf Elliptical Galaxy came the discovery of a ribbon of galactic debris as the polar orbit of the dwarf and its interaction with the Milky Way tears it apart. Similarly, with the discovery of the Canis Major Dwarf Galaxy, it was found that a ring of galactic debris from its interaction with the Milky Way

neg: Clyde Tombaugh dense concentration of background stars of the Milky Way. In the fourteen years of looking for planets, Tombaugh looked for motion in 90 million star images. Tombaugh is officially credited by the Minor Planet Center with discovering 15 asteroids, and he observed nearly 800 asteroids during his search for Pluto and years of follow-up searches looking for another candidate for the postulated Planet X. Tombaugh is also credited with the discovery of periodic comet 274P/Tombaugh–Tenagra. He also discovered hundreds of variable stars, as well as star clusters, galaxy clusters, and a galaxy supercluster. Tombaugh was probably the most eminent astronomer

neg: ULAS J0015+01 Sky Survey. Both of these stars being cool red giants, they are extremely bright which is one of the key factors in their discovery. Their distance was estimated with a number of different techniques, which all pointed towards 900,000 light years away. ULAS J0015+01 is, at the current time, 900,000 light years away from the Milky Way galaxy. The Milky Way's disk is 180,000 light years in diameter, putting it far beyond the Milky Way stellar disk, or only 3 times closer than the Andromeda galaxy. In comparison, in distance to the Milky Way's satellite galaxy, the Large Magellanic Cloud,

neg: Galileo Galilei was not what was long thought to have been a translucent and perfect sphere, as Aristotle claimed, and hardly the first "planet", an "eternal pearl to magnificently ascend into the heavenly empyrian", as put forth by Dante. Galileo is sometimes credited with the discovery of the lunar libration in latitude in 1632, although Thomas Harriot or William Gilbert might have done it before. Galileo observed the Milky Way, previously believed to be nebulous, and found it to be a multitude of stars packed so densely that they appeared from Earth to be clouds. He located many other stars too distant

neg: Hunt for Exomoons with Kepler commentators, including Shannon Hall of "Universe Today" and Markus Hammonds of "Discovery News", have expressed hope that there are billions of exomoons, many habitable, remaining to be found in the Milky Way. Citing the fact that the first exoplanets were not found in the first discovery efforts, and the fact that the Milky Way is extremely large and diverse, both commentators contend that exomoons will be found eventually. In July 2017, the project reported weak evidence for a set of Io-like moons, and evidence for a moon around the planet orbiting Kepler-1625. Hunt for Exomoons with Kepler The Hunt for

neg: Helmi stream to confirm the discovery. Helmi stream The Helmi stream is a stellar stream of the Milky Way galaxy. It started as a dwarf galaxy, now absorbed by the Milky Way as a stream. It was discovered in 1999, is formed of old stars deficient in heavy elements and has a mass of 10 to 100 million solar masses. It was absorbed by the Milky Way some 6 to 9 billion years ago. The stream was named after Amina Helmi. The Helmi stream was home to the first planet purportedly of extragalactic origin, orbiting the star HIP 13044. Further analysis of

neg: Cecilia Payne-Gaposchkin A few years later, astronomer Otto Struve described her work as "the most brilliant PhD thesis ever written in astronomy". Russell also realized she was correct when he derived the same results by different means. In 1929, he published his findings in a paper that admiringly acknowledged Payne's earlier work and discovery; nevertheless, he is often credited for the conclusions she reached. After her doctorate, Payne studied stars of high luminosity in order to understand the structure of the Milky Way. Later she surveyed all stars brighter than the tenth magnitude. She then studied variable stars, making over 1,250,000 observations

neg: Muriel Mussells Seyfert Muriel Mussells Seyfert Muriel E. Mussells Seyfert (born Muriel Elizabeth Mussells, 3 February 1909 – 9 November 1997) was an American astronomer best known for discovery of "ring nebulae" (planetary nebulae) in the Milky Way while working at the Harvard College Observatory in 1936. Muriel was born on 3 February 1909 in Danvers, Massachusetts, the daughter of George and Stella Mussells. Mussells Seyfert was employed as a human computer at the Harvard College Observatory. She is best known for discovery of new ring nebulae in the Milky Way. Sylvia Mussells Lindsay, wife of Eric Mervyn Lindsay, was Muriel's sister. In

neg: Milky Way Galaxy rips off huge tails of gas, which, over time can coalesce to form dwarf galaxies in a ring at an arbitrary angle to the main disc. In November 2018, astronomers reported the discovery of one of the oldest stars in the universe. About 13.5 billion-years-old, 2MASS J18082002-5104378 B is a tiny ultra metal-poor (UMP) star made almost entirely of materials released from the Big Bang, and is possibly one of the very first stars. The discovery of the star in the Milky Way galaxy suggests that the galaxy may be at least 3 billion years older than previously thought.

neg: Galaxy X (galaxy) of "Galaxy X" Galaxy X (galaxy) Galaxy X is a postulated dark satellite dwarf galaxy of the Milky Way Galaxy. If it exists, it would be composed mostly of dark matter and interstellar gas with few stars. Its proposed location is some from the Sun, behind the disk of the Milky Way, and some in extent. Galactic coordinates would be (l= -27.4°,b=-1.08°). Observational evidence for this galaxy was presented in 2015, based on the claimed discovery of four, Cepheid variable stars by Sukanya Chakrabarti (RIT) and collaborators. Search for the stars was motivated by an earlier study that linked a

neg: Galaxy X (galaxy) Galaxy X (galaxy) Galaxy X is a postulated dark satellite dwarf galaxy of the Milky Way Galaxy. If it exists, it would be composed mostly of dark matter and interstellar gas with few stars. Its proposed location is some from the Sun, behind the disk of the Milky Way, and some in extent. Galactic coordinates would be (l= -27.4°,b=-1.08°). Observational evidence for this galaxy was presented in 2015, based on the claimed discovery of four, Cepheid variable stars by Sukanya Chakrabarti (RIT) and collaborators. Search for the stars was motivated by an earlier study that linked a warp in the

neg: Tom Dame Tom Dame Thomas M. Dame is Director of the Radio Telescope Data Center at the Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, a Senior Radio Astronomer at the Smithsonian Astrophysical Observatory, and a Lecturer on Astronomy at Harvard University. He is best known for mapping the Milky Way galaxy in Carbon Monoxide and for the discovery of both the Far 3 kpc Arm and the Outer Scutum–Centaurus Arm of the Milky Way. Dame graduated from Boston University in 1976 with a BA in Astronomy and Physics. He earned his Master's degrees and Ph.D. from Columbia University. His dissertation, earned under Patrick Thaddeus in

neg: Ultra diffuse galaxy of about one trillion solar masses, about the same as the mass of the Milky Way. This is also consistent with about 90 globular clusters observed around Dragonfly 44. However, the galaxy emits only 1% of the light emitted by the Milky Way. On 25 August 2016, astronomers reported that Dragonfly 44 may be made almost entirely of dark matter. In 2018 the same authors reported the discovery of a dark matter-free UDG (NGC 1052-DF2, which was already identified on photoplates by Igor Karachentsev) based on velocity measurements of ~10 globular cluster system. The authors concluded that this may rule

neg: Ancient (Stargate) Ori, evidenced by the discovery of long-range communication devices in both the Milky Way and their home galaxy. Still, the two factions remained bitter enemies. Eventually, the Ancients were afflicted with a terrible plague that wiped out most of the civilization they had built in the Milky Way. It would later be discovered that what was known of this plague is very similar to the disease used by Ori Priors against non-believers, which had led Daniel Jackson to speculate that the pre-Ascended Ori might have been responsible for this plague. Some Ancients apparently attempted to travel back through time to

neg: Supermassive black hole being less than five-thousandths the mass of the Milky Way. Some galaxies, however, lack any supermassive black holes in their centers. Although most galaxies with no supermassive black holes are very small, dwarf galaxies, one discovery remains mysterious: The supergiant elliptical cD galaxy A2261-BCG has not been found to contain an active supermassive black hole, despite the galaxy being one of the largest galaxies known; ten times the size and one thousand times the mass of the Milky Way. Since a supermassive black hole will only be visible while it is accreting, a supermassive black hole can be nearly invisible,

neg: Exoplanet are gravitationally bound to the star. Almost all of the planets detected so far are within the Milky Way. Nonetheless, evidence suggests that extragalactic planets, exoplanets further away in galaxies beyond the local Milky Way galaxy, may exist. The nearest exoplanet is Proxima Centauri b, located 4.2 light-years (1.3 parsecs) from Earth and orbiting Proxima Centauri, the closest star to the Sun. The discovery of exoplanets has intensified interest in the search for extraterrestrial life. There is special interest in planets that orbit in a star's habitable zone, where it is possible for liquid water, a prerequisite for life on

neg: The Milky Way (1940 film) The Milky Way (1940 film) The Milky Way is a one-reel animated cartoon short subject, produced in Technicolor and released to theatres with the film "The Captain Is a Lady" in 1940 by Metro-Goldwyn Mayer. The short, produced and directed by Rudolf Ising and co-produced by Fred Quimby with musical supervision by Scott Bradley, explores the adventures of the "three little kittens who lost their mittens", as they explore a dreamland where space is made up entirely of dairy products (for example, the Milky Way is made of milk and the moon is made of cheese). Mars is depicted as

neg: Karl Guthe Jansky By comparing his observations with optical astronomical maps, Jansky concluded that the radiation was coming from the Milky Way and was strongest in the direction of the center of the galaxy, in the constellation of Sagittarius. His discovery was widely publicized, appearing in the "New York Times" of May 5, 1933. In 1933, he published his classic paper "Electrical disturbances apparently of extraterrestrial origin". Jansky wanted to further investigate the Milky Way radio waves after 1935 (he called the radiation "star noise"), but he found little support from either astronomers, for whom it was completely foreign, or Bell Labs, which

neg: The Milky Way (1940 film) the Milky Way, they find it a land of natural milk springs and gushers. The kittens proceed to happily gorge themselves on milk. However, it turns out to be just a dream. The Milky Way (1940 film) The Milky Way is a one-reel animated cartoon short subject, produced in Technicolor and released to theatres with the film "The Captain Is a Lady" in 1940 by Metro-Goldwyn Mayer. The short, produced and directed by Rudolf Ising and co-produced by Fred Quimby with musical supervision by Scott Bradley, explores the adventures of the "three little kittens who lost their mittens", as they

neg: Tom Dame (CO). Dame discovered the Far 3 kpc Arm of the Milky Way in 2008 and the Outer Sct-Cen Arm in 2011. Dame has authored or co-authored more than 100 research papers in astronomy. Tom Dame Thomas M. Dame is Director of the Radio Telescope Data Center at the Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, a Senior Radio Astronomer at the Smithsonian Astrophysical Observatory, and a Lecturer on Astronomy at Harvard University. He is best known for mapping the Milky Way galaxy in Carbon Monoxide and for the discovery of both the Far 3 kpc Arm and the Outer Scutum–Centaurus Arm of the

neg: Milky Way (mythology) said to be two lovers who were allowed to meet only once a year on the seventh day of the seventh month, when a flock of magpies and crows formed a bridge over the galactic river. That day is celebrated as Qi Xi, the "Seventh Night" (, and ). In Egyptian mythology, the Milky Way was considered a pool of cow's milk. The Milky Way was deified as a fertility cow-goddess by the name of Bat (later on syncretized with the sky goddess Hathor). Among the Finns, Estonians and related peoples, the Milky Way was and is called "The Pathway

neg: Milky Way of the Milky Way. The ESA spacecraft "Gaia" provides distance estimates by determining the parallax of a billion stars and is mapping the Milky Way with four planned releases of maps in 2022. Milky Way The Milky Way is the galaxy that contains our Solar System. The name describes the galaxy's appearance from Earth: a hazy band of light seen in the night sky formed from stars that cannot be individually distinguished by the naked eye. The term "Milky Way" is a translation of the Latin ', from the Greek (', "milky circle"). From Earth, the Milky Way appears as

neg: The Origin of the Milky Way (Tintoretto) the Milky Way. With divine milk, Heracles acquired supernatural powers. The Origin of the Milky Way (Tintoretto) The Origin of the Milky Way is a painting by the Italian late Renaissance master Jacopo Tintoretto, in the National Gallery, London, formerly in the Orleans Collection. It is an oil painting on canvas, and dates from ca.1575–1580. According to myth, the infant Heracles was brought to Hera by his half-sister Athena, who later played an important role as a goddess of protection. Hera nursed Heracles out of pity, but he suckled so strongly that he caused Hera pain, and she pushed him

neg: Kepler (spacecraft) 5.4% of all stars host Earth-size planet candidates, and that 17% of all stars have multiple planets. According to a study by Caltech astronomers published in January 2013, the Milky Way contains at least as many planets as it does stars, resulting in 100–400 billion exoplanets. The study, based on planets orbiting the star Kepler-32, suggests that planetary systems may be common around stars in the Milky Way. The discovery of 461 more candidates was announced on January 7, 2013. The longer "Kepler" watches, the more planets with long periods it can detect. A candidate, newly announced on January 7,

neg: Wolf–Lundmark–Melotte of planets necessary to evolve into the galactic civilizations in both the Milky Way and Lundmark's Nebula portrayed in the "Lensman" series, E.E. Smith felt it would have been necessary for another galaxy to have passed through the Milky Way in the past to produce the large number of close encounters necessary to form so many planets. Wolf–Lundmark–Melotte The Wolf–Lundmark–Melotte (WLM) is an irregular galaxy discovered in 1909 by Max Wolf, located on the outer edges of the Local Group. The discovery of the nature of the galaxy was accredited to Knut Lundmark and Philibert Jacques Melotte in 1926. It

neg: Milky Way star. Although the disk contains dust that obscures the view in some wavelengths, the halo component does not. Active star formation takes place in the disk (especially in the spiral arms, which represent areas of high density), but does not take place in the halo, as there is little gas cool enough to collapse into stars. Open clusters are also located primarily in the disk. Discoveries in the early 21st century have added dimension to the knowledge of the Milky Way's structure. With the discovery that the disk of the Andromeda Galaxy (M31) extends much further than previously thought, the

neg: Contact (novel) of the Milky Way. The station contains a surreal Earth-like beach where the five are split up. Ellie meets an extraterrestrial in a form indistinguishable from Ted Arroway, who explains his people's reasons for making contact, and tells her of their ongoing project to alter the properties of the universe by accumulating enough mass in Cygnus A to counter the effects of entropy. He also tells her that the wormhole system was built by unknown precursors, and hints at the discovery of artificial messages in transcendental numbers like π. Ellie is reunited with the other four travellers who have also

neg: Milky Way (chocolate bar) Milky Way (chocolate bar) The Milky Way bar is a chocolate-covered confectionary bar manufactured and distributed by the Mars confectionery company. Introduced in 1923, the Milky Way bar's American version is made of chocolate-malt nougat topped with caramel and covered with milk chocolate, similar to the Mars bar sold outside of the U.S. The global Milky Way is a different chocolate candy bar similar to the American 3 Musketeers. The Milky Way bar was created in 1923 by Frank C. Mars and originally manufactured in Minneapolis, Minnesota. The name and taste were taken from a famed malted milk drink (milkshake)

neg: Milky Way (chocolate bar) the 1990s showed how light in weight the Milky Way bars were via showing that they floated on milk, but this actually shows that they are less dense than milk. Milky Ways still float on milk today, except for the U.S.A. version, which has caramel on the nougat, making it denser than the worldwide version. Milky Way (chocolate bar) The Milky Way bar is a chocolate-covered confectionary bar manufactured and distributed by the Mars confectionery company. Introduced in 1923, the Milky Way bar's American version is made of chocolate-malt nougat topped with caramel and covered with milk chocolate, similar to

neg: Vela Supercluster respectively. It is about "1 000 times the mass of the Milky Way galaxy", which corresponds to a mass of . About 20 initial galaxy clusters have been identified spectroscopically. The supercluster's discovery has been reported late December 2016 by Kraan-Korteweg "et al." through an analysis of the redshifts of 4 500 galaxies from the combined data of the 2dF Galaxy Redshift Survey which uses the AAOmega fiber optics from the Anglo-Australian Observatory (AAO), and the South African Large Telescope (SALT). The supercluster is located in a region obstructed by the view of the Milky Way's disc due to our

neg: Galactic Pinball Galactic Pinball "Galactic Pinball" is set in the Milky Way galaxy, and tells the story of the discovery of a new, strange world. At the Title Screen, players can choose from four pinball tables: Cosmic, Colony, UFO, and Alien. Players can also choose to look at the top scores. Each table has its own background story. The Cosmic table has players controlling a Space Federation pilot who is exploring the mysteries of the galaxy; the Colony table has players protecting a colony from asteroids; the UFO table has players in control of a character who is piloting a remote-controlled UFO

neg: Princess Kay of the Milky Way Princess Kay of the Milky Way Princess Kay of the Milky Way is the title awarded to the winner of the statewide Minnesota Dairy Princess Program, an annual competition organized by the Midwest Dairy Association. During her one-year term, the Princess Kay of the Milky Way serves as official good-will ambassador for the Minnesota dairy industry. The Princess is crowned every year at the Minnesota State Fair, and receives a scholarship. The crowning of Princess Kay annually garners statewide as well as national media coverage. The competition was the idea of Lew Conlon, who managed the Minnesota Dairy Industry Committee.

neg: The Milky Way (1969 film) and Jansenism. Rotten Tomatoes reports 93% approval for "The Milky Way", with an average rating of 7.7/10 among 14 critics. The Milky Way (1969 film) The Milky Way () is a 1969 surrealist film directed by Luis Buñuel. It stars Laurent Terzieff, Paul Frankeur, Delphine Seyrig, Georges Marchal and Michel Piccoli. Buñuel later called "The Milky Way" the first in a trilogy (along with "The Discreet Charm of the Bourgeoisie" and "The Phantom of Liberty") about "the search for truth." The title of the film is taken from a popular name used for the Way of St. James, a route

neg: Gliese 581g η as there are only ~116 known solar-type or later stars ... out to the 6.3 parsec distance of GJ 581". This finding foreshadows what Vogt calls a new, second Age of Discovery in exoplanetology: If the fraction of stars with potentially habitable planets (η, "eta-Earth") is on the order of a few tens of percent as Vogt proposes, and the Sun's stellar neighborhood is a typical sample of the galaxy, then the discovery of Gliese 581g in the habitable zone of its star points to the potential of billions of Earthlike planets in our Milky Way galaxy alone. Gliese

neg: Milky Way (mythology) was pitch black. A girl, who was lonely and wanted to visit other people, threw the embers from a fire into the sky and created the Milky Way. A Cherokee folktale tells of a dog who stole some cornmeal and was chased away. He ran away to the north, spilling the cornmeal along the way. The Milky Way is thus called ᎩᎵ ᎤᎵᏒᏍᏓᏅᏱ ("Gili Ulisvsdanvyi") "The Way the Dog Ran Away". Peoples in Eastern Asia believed that the hazy band of stars was the "Silvery River" of Heaven (, and ). In one story, the stars Altair and Vega were

neg: Milkmaid of the Milky Way Milkmaid of the Milky Way Milkmaid of the Milky Way is an adventure indie game for iOS, Android, Windows, and macOS. It was developed by Mattis "machineboy" Folkestad and released on January 5, 2017. The game's plot features a Scandinavian milkmaid, Ruth, who loses her cows to a UFO, and has to jump aboard to save them. The puzzle adventure game takes place in space and in 1920s Norway. The main character is Ruth, a milkmaid living alone with her cows on a farm in a Nordic fjord in the 1920s. The game's story begins with Ruth doing tasks and

neg: Milky Way (chocolate bar) on sale. This version has no nougat and is made of caramel covered in milk chocolate. In 2011, a fun size offering of the Simply Caramel bar was introduced. In 2012, Milky Way Caramel Apple Minis went on sale as a limited time offer for the Halloween season. In late summer of 2018, Milky Way Fudge, which replaces the malt nougat with chocolate fudge nougat, was introduced nationwide. The American Milky Way bar contains 240 calories in each 52.2 gram bar, while the smaller Milky Way Midnight contains 220 calories in each 50 gram bar and the Milky Way Simply

neg: Milky Way of galaxy clusters due to the expansion of space. Individual galaxies, including the Milky Way, have peculiar velocities relative to the average flow. Thus, to compare the Milky Way to the Hubble flow, one must consider a volume large enough so that the expansion of the Universe dominates over local, random motions. A large enough volume means that the mean motion of galaxies within this volume is equal to the Hubble flow. Astronomers believe the Milky Way is moving at approximately with respect to this local co-moving frame of reference. The Milky Way is moving in the general direction of

neg: G1.9+0.3 by the merger of two white dwarf stars. The discovery that G1.9+0.3 had been identified as the youngest known Galactic SNR was announced on May 14, 2008 at a NASA press conference. In the days leading up to the announcement, NASA said that they were going "to announce the discovery of an object in our Galaxy astronomers have been hunting for more than 50 years." Before this discovery, the youngest-known Milky Way supernova remnant was Cassiopeia A, at about 330 years. G1.9+0.3 G1.9+0.3 is a supernova remnant (SNR) in the constellation of Sagittarius. It is the youngest known SNR in

neg: The Milky Way (1936 film) The Milky Way (1936 film) The Milky Way is a 1936 comedy film starring Harold Lloyd. Directed by comedy veteran Leo McCarey, the film was written by Grover Jones, Frank Butler and Richard Connell based on a play of the same name by Lynn Root and Harry Clork which was presented on Broadway in 1934. An example of the popular screwball comedy genre of the time, and critically Harold Lloyd's most successful talkie, it tells the story of a Brooklyn milkman who becomes middleweight boxing champion. "The Milky Way" features supporting performances by Adolphe Menjou and Verree Teasdale. Timid milkman

neg: Max Planck Institute for Extraterrestrial Physics the German Astronomical Society (AG), was awarded to the astrophysicist Reinhard Genzel, director at the MPE. The AG bestows the award to a researcher who made a discovery with wide-reaching consequences. Genzel and teams were able to provide evidence that the centre of our Milky Way harbours a Black Hole. This Black Hole in the galactic centre is the best empirical evidence for the existence of these exotic objects that are postulated in Einstein's General Theory of Relativity. The James Clerk Maxwell Prize in Plasma Physics 2011 was awarded to Professor Gregor Morfill, director at the MPE. With the award,

neg: Andromeda–Milky Way collision Andromeda–Milky Way collision The Andromeda–Milky Way collision is a galactic collision predicted to occur in about 5 billion years between two galaxies in the Local Group—the Milky Way (which contains the Solar System and Earth) and the Andromeda Galaxy. The stars involved are sufficiently far apart that it is improbable that any of them will individually collide. Some stars will be ejected from the resulting galaxy, nicknamed "Milkomeda" or "Milkdromeda". The Andromeda Galaxy is approaching the Milky Way at about as indicated by blueshift. However, the lateral velocity is very difficult to measure with a precision to draw reasonable conclusions:

neg: Andromeda Galaxy 1.5 trillion solar masses) compared to for the Milky Way. This contradicts earlier measurements, that seem to indicate that Andromeda Galaxy and the Milky Way are almost equal in mass. Even so, Andromeda Galaxy's spheroid actually has a higher stellar density than that of the Milky Way and its galactic stellar disk is about twice the size of that of the Milky Way. The total stellar mass of Andromeda Galaxy is estimated to be between ., (i.e., around twice as massive as that of the Milky Way) and , with around 30% of that mass in the central bulge, 56%

neg: Henrietta Swan Leavitt they became an important part of the evidence that "spiral nebulae" are independent galaxies located far outside of our own Milky Way. Thus, Leavitt's discovery would forever change our picture of the universe, as it prompted Harlow Shapley to move our Sun from the center of the galaxy in the "Great Debate" and Edwin Hubble to move our galaxy from the center of the universe. Leavitt's discovery of a way to accurately measure distances on an inter-galactic scale, paved the way for modern astronomy's understanding of the structure and scale of the universe. The accomplishments of Edwin Hubble, the American

neg: Milky Way galactic pole is near α Sculptoris. Because of this high inclination, depending on the time of night and year, the arch of the Milky Way may appear relatively low or relatively high in the sky. For observers from latitudes approximately 65° north to 65° south, the Milky Way passes directly overhead twice a day. The Milky Way is the second-largest galaxy in the Local Group, with its stellar disk approximately in diameter and, on average, approximately thick. To compare the relative physical scale of the Milky Way, if the Solar System out to Neptune were the size of a US

neg: Satellite galaxies of the Milky Way Clouds may be moving too fast to be orbiting the Milky Way. Of the galaxies confirmed to be in orbit, the largest is the Sagittarius Dwarf Elliptical Galaxy, which has a diameter of or roughly a fifth that of the Milky Way. Satellite galaxies that orbit from of the edge of the disc of the Milky Way Galaxy to the edge of the dark matter halo of the Milky Way at from the center of the galaxy, are generally depleted in hydrogen gas compared to those that orbit more distantly. This is because of their interactions with the dense hot

neg: Milky Way (mythology) Greek name for the Milky Way (Γαλαξίας "Galaxias") is derived from the Greek word for milk (γάλα, "gala"). One legend explains how the Milky Way was created by Heracles when he was a baby. His father, Zeus, was fond of his son, who was born of the mortal woman Alcmene. He decided to let the infant Heracles suckle on his divine wife Hera's milk when she was asleep, an act which would endow the baby with godlike qualities. When Hera woke and realized that she was breastfeeding an unknown infant, she pushed him away and the spurting milk became the

neg: The Milky Way Project The Milky Way Project The Milky Way Project is a Zooniverse project whose main goal is to identify stellar-wind bubbles in the Milky Way Galaxy. Users classify sets of infrared images from the Spitzer Space Telescope and the Wide-field Infrared Survey Explorer (WISE). Scientists believe bubbles in these images are the result of young, massive stars whose light causes shocks in interstellar gas. The Milky Way Project works with data taken from the Multiband Imaging Photometer for Spitzer Galactic Plane Survey (MIPSGAL) and Galactic Legacy Infrared Mid-Plane Survey Extraordinaire (GLIMPSE). Only a small part uses WISE data. The project looks

neg: Hyperion proto-supercluster Hyperion proto-supercluster The Hyperion proto-supercluster is the largest and earliest known proto-supercluster, 5,000 times the mass of the Milky Way and seen at 20% of the current age of the universe. It was discovered in 2018 by analysing the redshifts of 10,000 objects observed with the Very Large Telescope in Chile. The discovery was announced in late 2018. The discovery team led by Olga Cucciati used computational astrophysics methods and astroinformatics; statistical techniques were applied to large datasets of galaxy redshifts, using a two-dimensional Voronoi tessellation to correlate gravitational interaction (virialization) of visible structures. The existence of non-visible (dark matter)

neg: Hyperion proto-supercluster "the identification of massive/complex proto-clusters at high redshift could be useful to give constraints on dark matter simulations" of the Lambda-CDM model. Hyperion proto-supercluster The Hyperion proto-supercluster is the largest and earliest known proto-supercluster, 5,000 times the mass of the Milky Way and seen at 20% of the current age of the universe. It was discovered in 2018 by analysing the redshifts of 10,000 objects observed with the Very Large Telescope in Chile. The discovery was announced in late 2018. The discovery team led by Olga Cucciati used computational astrophysics methods and astroinformatics; statistical techniques were applied to large datasets

neg: Satellite galaxies of the Milky Way Satellite galaxies of the Milky Way The Milky Way has several smaller galaxies gravitationally bound to it, as part of the Milky Way subgroup, which is part of the local galaxy cluster, the Local Group. There are 59 small galaxies confirmed to be within of the Milky Way, but not all of them are necessarily in orbit, and some may themselves be in orbit of other satellite galaxies. The only ones visible to the naked eye are the Large and Small Magellanic Clouds, which have been observed since prehistory. Measurements with the Hubble Space Telescope in 2006 suggest the Magellanic

neg: Andromeda–Milky Way collision between 2002 and 2010 with sub-pixel accuracy. Andromeda's tangential or sideways velocity with respect to the Milky Way was found to be much smaller than the speed of approach and therefore it is expected that it will directly collide with the Milky Way in around four billion years. Such collisions are relatively common, considering galaxies' long lifespans. Andromeda, for example, is believed to have collided with at least one other galaxy in the past, and several dwarf galaxies such as Sgr dSph are currently colliding with the Milky Way and being merged into it. The studies also suggest that M33,

neg: The Midnite Sound of the Milky Way The Midnite Sound of the Milky Way The Midnite Sound of the Milky Way is a garage rock compilation available on compact disc put out by Big Beat Records (UK) that consists of songs recorded at the Midnite Sound recording studio in Danville, Illinois during the 1960s. The Midnite Sound studio one of many such venues pushing out obscure garage rock in the mid-1960s. The set was compiled by Alec Palao, who also wrote the liner notes. The compilation features twenty four tracks by different various artists who recorded there, and all except four have not been previously compiled. The

neg: Milky Way curve. The Milky Way began as one or several small overdensities in the mass distribution in the Universe shortly after the Big Bang. Some of these overdensities were the seeds of globular clusters in which the oldest remaining stars in what is now the Milky Way formed. Nearly half the matter in the Milky Way may have come from other distant galaxies. Nonetheless, these stars and clusters now comprise the stellar halo of the Milky Way. Within a few billion years of the birth of the first stars, the mass of the Milky Way was large enough so that it

neg: Milky Way or vibration set up by the Large and Small Magellanic Clouds as they orbit the Milky Way, causing vibrations when they pass through its edges. Previously, these two galaxies, at around 2% of the mass of the Milky Way, were considered too small to influence the Milky Way. However, in a computer model, the movement of these two galaxies creates a dark matter wake that amplifies their influence on the larger Milky Way. Current measurements suggest the Andromeda Galaxy is approaching us at . In 3 to 4 billion years, there may be an Andromeda–Milky Way collision, depending on the

neg: Milky Way gas. The disk of stars in the Milky Way does not have a sharp edge beyond which there are no stars. Rather, the concentration of stars decreases with distance from the center of the Milky Way. For reasons that are not understood, beyond a radius of roughly 40,000 ly (13 kpc) from the center, the number of stars per cubic parsec drops much faster with radius. Surrounding the galactic disk is a spherical Galactic Halo of stars and globular clusters that extends further outward but is limited in size by the orbits of two Milky Way satellites, the Large and

neg: Andromeda Galaxy suggests an absolute magnitude (in the blue) of −20.89 (that with a color index of +0.63 translates to an absolute visual magnitude of −21.52, compared to −20.9 for the Milky Way), and a total luminosity in that wavelength of . The rate of star formation in the Milky Way is much higher, with Andromeda Galaxy producing only about one solar mass per year compared to 3–5 solar masses for the Milky Way. The rate of novae in the Milky Way is also double that of Andromeda Galaxy. This suggests that the latter once experienced a great star formation phase, but

neg: Andromeda–Milky Way collision the Triangulum Galaxy—the third-largest and third-brightest galaxy of the Local Group—will participate in the collision event, too. Its most likely fate is to end up orbiting the merger remnant of the Milky Way and Andromeda galaxies and finally to merge with it in an even more distant future. However, a collision with the Milky Way, before it collides with the Andromeda Galaxy, or an ejection from the Local Group cannot be ruled out. While the Andromeda Galaxy contains about 1 trillion () stars and the Milky Way contains about 300 billion (3), the chance of even two stars colliding is

neg: Milky Way This conjectural mass has been termed "dark matter". The rotational period is about 240 million years at the radius of the Sun. The Milky Way as a whole is moving at a velocity of approximately 600 km per second with respect to extragalactic frames of reference. The oldest stars in the Milky Way are nearly as old as the Universe itself and thus probably formed shortly after the Dark Ages of the Big Bang. The Milky Way has several satellite galaxies and is part of the Local Group of galaxies, which form part of the Virgo Supercluster, which is itself

neg: Milky Way encircles the Galactic disk. The Sloan Digital Sky Survey of the northern sky shows a huge and diffuse structure (spread out across an area around 5,000 times the size of a full moon) within the Milky Way that does not seem to fit within current models. The collection of stars rises close to perpendicular to the plane of the spiral arms of the Milky Way. The proposed likely interpretation is that a dwarf galaxy is merging with the Milky Way. This galaxy is tentatively named the Virgo Stellar Stream and is found in the direction of Virgo about away. In

neg: Mighty Milky Way Mighty Milky Way Mighty Milky Way is an action puzzle video game for the Nintendo DSi. It is the second title after "Mighty Flip Champs!" in the "Mighty" series from WayForward Technologies. The game was released for download through DSiWare on May 9, 2011 in North America and May 27, 2011 in Europe. It was the last game officially released for the Nintendo DS in Japan. "Mighty Milky Way" tasks players with guiding Luna, a French-speaking extraterrestrial, safely towards a portal at the end of each level while avoiding enemies and electric barrels. Each level is filled with small planets,

neg: Milky Way of the mass of the Milky Way appears to be dark matter, an unknown and invisible form of matter that interacts gravitationally with ordinary matter. A dark matter halo is conjectured to spread out relatively uniformly to a distance beyond one hundred kiloparsecs (kpc) from the Galactic Center. Mathematical models of the Milky Way suggest that the mass of dark matter is 1–1.5 . Recent studies indicate a range in mass, as large as 4.5 and as small as 8 . The total mass of all the stars in the Milky Way is estimated to be between 4.6 and 6.43

neg: The Milky Way (1969 film) The Milky Way (1969 film) The Milky Way () is a 1969 surrealist film directed by Luis Buñuel. It stars Laurent Terzieff, Paul Frankeur, Delphine Seyrig, Georges Marchal and Michel Piccoli. Buñuel later called "The Milky Way" the first in a trilogy (along with "The Discreet Charm of the Bourgeoisie" and "The Phantom of Liberty") about "the search for truth." The title of the film is taken from a popular name used for the Way of St. James, a route often traveled by religious pilgrims that stretched from northern Europe to the Santiago de Compostela in Spain, where the Remains

neg: Milky Way (chocolate bar) 1936, the chocolate and vanilla were separated. The vanilla version, with a dark chocolate coating, was called "Forever Yours" and it was produced until 1979. In 1989, Forever Yours was reintroduced and renamed "Milky Way Dark," and later "Milky Way Midnight". In 1935, the slogan was "The sweet you can eat between meals." It was then changed to "At work, rest and play, you get three great tastes in a Milky Way." By 2006, the U.S. slogan was "Comfort in every bar." and most recently became "Life's Better the Milky Way." In 2010, the Milky Way Simply Caramel bar went

neg: Milky Way that the Milky Way contained all the stars in the Universe. Following the 1920 Great Debate between the astronomers Harlow Shapley and Heber Curtis, observations by Edwin Hubble showed that the Milky Way is just one of many galaxies. The Milky Way is a barred spiral galaxy with a diameter between 150,000 and 200,000 light-years (ly). It is estimated to contain 100–400 billion stars and more than 100 billion planets. The Solar System is located at a radius of 26,490 (± 100) light-years from the Galactic Center, on the inner edge of the Orion Arm, one of the spiral-shaped concentrations

neg: Messier 99 of the cluster at a projected separation of 3.7°, or around one megaparsec, from the cluster center at Messier 87. The galaxy is undergoing ram-pressure stripping as it moves through the intracluster medium. Messier 99 Messier 99 or M99, also known as NGC 4254, is a grand design spiral galaxy in the northern constellation Coma Berenices approximately in distance from the Milky Way. It was discovered by Pierre Méchain on March 17, 1781. The discovery was then reported to Charles Messier, who included the object in the Messier Catalogue of comet-like objects. Messier 99 was one of the first galaxies

neg: PSR J1841-0500 PSR J1841-0500 PSR J1841-0500 is a pulsar located 22,800 light years from the Sun in the Scutum-Centaurus arm of the Milky Way. It was discovered in December 2008 by Fernando Camilo, who was using the Parkes Observatory when he discovered the object. At the time of discovery, it was spinning once every 0.9 seconds. However, in 2009, it stopped emitting pulses completely. Most pulsars that stop emitting pulses only do so for a few minutes. But PSR J1841-0500 did so for 580 days. Then in August 2011, it started pulsing again. In comparison, only one other pulsar is known to

neg: RAVE (survey) with the Milky Way during galaxy formation. A search for a stellar stream from the Sagittarius Dwarf Elliptical Galaxy - which is currently merging with the Milky Way - in the vicinity of the sun yielded a null result, which helps constrain the shape of the Milky Way's dark halo. Another study of the highest velocity stars was used to constrain the local Galactic escape velocity and so the mass of the dark halo. RAVE is a precursor to ESA's Gaia mission and studies with RAVE show the science potential of this upcoming survey of stars in the Milky Way.

neg: Milky Way Way and the Andromeda Galaxy. In fact, measurements of other galaxies similar to the Milky Way suggest it is among the reddest and brightest spiral galaxies that are still forming new stars and it is just slightly bluer than the bluest red sequence galaxies. Globular clusters are among the oldest objects in the Milky Way, which thus set a lower limit on the age of the Milky Way. The ages of individual stars in the Milky Way can be estimated by measuring the abundance of long-lived radioactive elements such as thorium-232 and uranium-238, then comparing the results to estimates of

neg: Satellite galaxies of the Milky Way galaxy that has been completely distended by the Milky Way's gravity. <BR> Satellite galaxies of the Milky Way The Milky Way has several smaller galaxies gravitationally bound to it, as part of the Milky Way subgroup, which is part of the local galaxy cluster, the Local Group. There are 59 small galaxies confirmed to be within of the Milky Way, but not all of them are necessarily in orbit, and some may themselves be in orbit of other satellite galaxies. The only ones visible to the naked eye are the Large and Small Magellanic Clouds, which have been observed since

neg: Milky Way (album) ""Milky Way" is a body of work built for pure enjoyment. Music for a good time. Compared to his first two albums, "Milky Way" sounds specially crafted for return visits." Riley Wallace of "HipHopDX" gave the album a positive review saying, ""Milky Way" isn’t a blatant attempt at killing the charts with sure-shot singles and will attract only a handful of new supporters with this approach. To it’s overall credit, however, it's a carefully curated collection of controlled experimentation that works as separate pieces and as a whole. If — like he suggests — he’s giving New York City a

neg: The Origin of the Milky Way (Rubens) The Origin of the Milky Way (Rubens) The Origin of the Milky Way, or The Birth of the Milky Way, is a painting by the Flemish artist Peter Paul Rubens, featuring the Greco-Roman myth of the origin of the Milky Way. The painting depicts Hera (Juno), spilling her breast milk, the infant Heracles (Hercules) and Zeus (Jupiter) in the background, identifiable by his eagle and lightning bolts. Hera's face is modelled on Rubens' wife, Hélène Fourment. The carriage is pulled by Hera's favourite animals, peacocks. Due to the dark background of the night sky the figures gain a greater sense

neg: Milky Way quarter (), the Milky Way would be approximately the size of the contiguous United States. There is a ring-like filament of stars rippling above and below the relatively flat galactic plane, wrapping around the Milky Way at a diameter of , which may be part of the Milky Way itself. Estimates of the mass of the Milky Way vary, depending upon the method and data used. The low end of the estimate range is 5.8 solar masses (), somewhat less than that of the Andromeda Galaxy. Measurements using the Very Long Baseline Array in 2009 found velocities as large as

neg: Milky Way heavenly motions." The Neoplatonist philosopher Olympiodorus the Younger (–570 ) criticized this view, arguing that if the Milky Way were sublunary, it should appear different at different times and places on Earth, and that it should have parallax, which it does not. In his view, the Milky Way is celestial. This idea would be influential later in the Islamic world. The Persian astronomer Abū Rayhān al-Bīrūnī (973–1048) proposed that the Milky Way is "a collection of countless fragments of the nature of nebulous stars". The Andalusian astronomer Avempace ( 1138) proposed the Milky Way to be made up of many

neg: Milky Way distant stars. The area of sky that the Milky Way obscures is called the Zone of Avoidance. The Milky Way has a relatively low surface brightness. Its visibility can be greatly reduced by background light, such as light pollution or moonlight. The sky needs to be darker than about 20.2 magnitude per square arcsecond in order for the Milky Way to be visible. It should be visible if the limiting magnitude is approximately +5.1 or better and shows a great deal of detail at +6.1. This makes the Milky Way difficult to see from brightly lit urban or suburban areas,

neg: Nova Carinae 2018 captured using CCD imaging. Detailed analysis of the spectral data confirmed that ASASSN-18fv exhibited characteristics of an impending classical nova. Its photometry was taken at Hutton-Westfold Observatory at Monash University in Melbourne, Australia. A spectrum of ASASSN-18fv was obtained via the Las Campanas Observatory in La Serena, Chile. Nova Carinae 2018 Nova Carinae 2018 is a nova in the Milky Way galaxy, discovered on March 20, 2018 by the All Sky Automated Survey for SuperNovae. Also known by its discovery designation of ASASSN-18fv, it is located in the constellation Carina, near the 5th magnitude star HD 92063. Pre-discovery images were

neg: Nova Carinae 2018 Nova Carinae 2018 Nova Carinae 2018 is a nova in the Milky Way galaxy, discovered on March 20, 2018 by the All Sky Automated Survey for SuperNovae. Also known by its discovery designation of ASASSN-18fv, it is located in the constellation Carina, near the 5th magnitude star HD 92063. Pre-discovery images were matched to a star of Gaia magnitude 20.1. On March 21, it had brightened to a Gaia magnitude 7.80 (visual magnitude 7.45), and to magnitude 6.62 later the same day. On March 21, 2018 long exposure spectrographic measurements of ASASSN-18fv, specifically in the 3800Å to 7300Å range, were

neg: The Origin of the Milky Way (Tintoretto) The Origin of the Milky Way (Tintoretto) The Origin of the Milky Way is a painting by the Italian late Renaissance master Jacopo Tintoretto, in the National Gallery, London, formerly in the Orleans Collection. It is an oil painting on canvas, and dates from ca.1575–1580. According to myth, the infant Heracles was brought to Hera by his half-sister Athena, who later played an important role as a goddess of protection. Hera nursed Heracles out of pity, but he suckled so strongly that he caused Hera pain, and she pushed him away. Her milk sprayed across the heavens and there formed

neg: Anticenter shell a high-velocity cloud in 1979. The name Snickers for the anticenter shell arose from the description in 1975 by Christian Simonson, a University of Maryland astronomer who believed it to be a small "peanut" of a galaxy just outside the Milky Way. Simonson's colleagues coined the name "Snickers" (in reference to the American chocolate bars "Milky Way" and "Snickers") due to its proximity to the Milky Way. Less popularly, the anticenter superbubble is also referred to as 0627-15 from its equatorial coordinates. The anticenter shell is approximately 55,000 light years (17 kpc) from the sun. Its dimensions are difficult to

neg: Stellar kinematics believed that about 1,000 HVSs exist in the Milky Way. Considering that there are around 100 billion stars in the Milky Way, this is a minuscule fraction (~0.000001%). Since the second data release of "Gaia" (DR2), most high-velocity late-type stars are found to have a high probability of being bound to the Milky Way. HVSs are believed to predominately originate by close encounters of binary stars with the supermassive black hole in the center of the Milky Way. One of the two partners is gravitationally captured by the black hole (in the sense of entering orbit around it), while the

neg: Milky Way (chocolate bar) Flyte bar was later discontinued in 2015. Also available in Europe are Milky Way Crispy Rolls, chocolate-covered wafer rolls with milk-cream fillings. A popular child-oriented derivative of the Milky Way bar known as 'Milky Way Magic Stars' is also sold in the UK and consists of small aerated chocolate star shapes. Originally, every star was engraved with a different smiley face, each representing one of the magic star characters portrayed on the packaging. The characters were: Pop Star, Jess Star, Bright Star, Super Star, Twinkle Star, Falling Star, Happy Star, Sport Star, Clever Star and Baby Star. Recently, however, the

neg: Milky Way (Antarctica) Milky Way (Antarctica) The Milky Way is a col situated between the southernmost extremity of the LeMay Range and the Planet Heights mountain range, in the eastern part of Alexander Island, Antarctica. It is the highest point on a possible sledging route between Jupiter Glacier and Uranus Glacier. The col was first mapped from air photos taken by the Ronne Antarctic Research Expedition in 1947–48, by D. Searle of the Falkland Islands Dependencies Survey in 1960. It was named after the Milky Way by the UK Antarctic Place-Names Committee from association with the nearby Planet Heights and the glaciers which

neg: Satellite galaxies of the Milky Way gas halo of the Milky Way that strip cold gas from the satellites. Satellites beyond that region still retain copious quantities of gas. The Milky Way's satellite galaxies include the following: The Sagittarius Dwarf Spheroidal Galaxy is currently in the process of being consumed by the Milky Way and is expected to pass through it within the next 100 million years. The Sagittarius Stream is a stream of stars in polar orbit around the Milky Way leeched from the Sagittarius Dwarf. The Virgo Stellar Stream is a stream of stars that is believed to have once been an orbiting dwarf

neg: Andromeda–Milky Way collision showing less stellar density than current elliptical galaxies. It is, however, possible the resulting object will be a large disk galaxy, depending on the amount of remaining gas in the Milky Way and Andromeda. In the far future, roughly 150 billion years from now, the remaining galaxies of the Local Group will coalesce into this object, that being the next evolutionary stage of the local group of galaxies. Andromeda–Milky Way collision The Andromeda–Milky Way collision is a galactic collision predicted to occur in about 5 billion years between two galaxies in the Local Group—the Milky Way (which contains the Solar

neg: Milky Way (mythology) Milky Way. Another version of the myth is that Heracles (Roman Hercules) was abandoned in the woods by his mortal parents, Amphitryon and Alcmene. Heracles, son of Zeus and Alcmene, was naturally favored by his father, who sent Athena, Greek goddess of wisdom, to retrieve him. Athena, not being so motherly, decided to take him to Hera to suckle. Hera agreed to suckle Heracles As Heracles drinks the milk, he bites down, and Hera pushes him away in pain. The milk that squirts out forms the Milky Way. A story told by the Roman Hyginus in the "Poeticon astronomicon" (ultimately

neg: Messier 99 Messier 99 Messier 99 or M99, also known as NGC 4254, is a grand design spiral galaxy in the northern constellation Coma Berenices approximately in distance from the Milky Way. It was discovered by Pierre Méchain on March 17, 1781. The discovery was then reported to Charles Messier, who included the object in the Messier Catalogue of comet-like objects. Messier 99 was one of the first galaxies in which a spiral pattern was seen. This pattern was first identified by Lord Rosse in the spring of 1846. This galaxy has a morphological classification of SA(s)c, indicating a pure spiral shape

neg: Schild's Ladder the expansion and preserve the Milky Way at any cost; and the Yielders, who consider the novo-vacuum to be too important a discovery to destroy without understanding. Six hundred years after the initial experiment, a vessel called the "Rindler" has matched velocities with an ever-expanding novo-vacuum region at the border, powered by multispectral light emitted as the ordinary vacuum collapses into its lower energy-state. A variety of refugees are probing the novo-vacuum in order to understand the physics that makes it possible. The novo-vacuum turns out to be more complicated than anyone suspects, however, and Egan's usual topics of simulation

neg: PSR J1841-0500 stop pulsing for more than a few minutes: PSR B1931+24 turns on for a week and then stops emitting pulses for a month in a cycle. PSR J1841-0500 PSR J1841-0500 is a pulsar located 22,800 light years from the Sun in the Scutum-Centaurus arm of the Milky Way. It was discovered in December 2008 by Fernando Camilo, who was using the Parkes Observatory when he discovered the object. At the time of discovery, it was spinning once every 0.9 seconds. However, in 2009, it stopped emitting pulses completely. Most pulsars that stop emitting pulses only do so for a few

neg: 2012 phenomenon (the Age of Pisces) and the beginning of another (the Age of Aquarius). Similarly, the Sun's December solstice position (in the northern hemisphere, the lowest point on its annual path; in the southern hemisphere, the highest) was in the constellation of Sagittarius, one of two constellations in which the zodiac intersects with the Milky Way. Every year, on the December solstice, the Sun and the Milky Way, appear (from the surface of the Earth) to come into alignment, and every year precession caused a slight shift in the Sun's position in the Milky Way. Given that the Milky Way is

neg: Galaxy X (galaxy) HI (atomic hydrogen) disk of the Milky Way Galaxy to the tidal effects of a perturbing galaxy. The unseen perturber's mass was calculated to be about 1% of that of the Milky Way, which would make it the third heaviest satellite of the Milky Way, after the Magellanic Clouds (Large Magellanic Cloud and Small Magellanic Cloud, each some 10x larger than Galaxy X). In this hypothetical model, the putative satellite galaxy would have interacted with the Milky Way some 600 million years ago, coming as close as , and would now be moving away from the Milky Way. The name

neg: Milky Way suspect that the Milky Way is a barred spiral galaxy, rather than an ordinary spiral galaxy, in the 1960s. Their suspicions were confirmed by the Spitzer Space Telescope observations in 2005 that showed the Milky Way's central bar to be larger than previously thought. A galactic quadrant, or quadrant of the Milky Way, refers to one of four circular sectors in the division of the Milky Way. In actual astronomical practice, the delineation of the galactic quadrants is based upon the galactic coordinate system, which places the Sun as the origin of the mapping system. Quadrants are described using ordinals—for

neg: Milky Way the Milky Way are Canis Major Dwarf (the closest), Sagittarius Dwarf Elliptical Galaxy, Ursa Minor Dwarf, Sculptor Dwarf, Sextans Dwarf, Fornax Dwarf, and Leo I Dwarf. The smallest dwarf galaxies of the Milky Way are only 500 light-years in diameter. These include Carina Dwarf, Draco Dwarf, and Leo II Dwarf. There may still be undetected dwarf galaxies that are dynamically bound to the Milky Way, which is supported by the detection of nine new satellites of the Milky Way in a relatively small patch of the night sky in 2015. There are also some dwarf galaxies that have already been

neg: Farm Cove Observatory Milky Way galaxy. The first success came in April 2005 when an exoplanet was detected in the event OGLE-2005-BLG-071 . The discovery was attributed to 31 professional astronomers and two amateurs. FCO contributed 12 hours of observations to this event. This new planet is about three times the mass of Jupiter and lies some 15,000 light-years toward the Galactic Bulge. This was only the second exoplanet detected by this technique and the first exoplanet discovery involving amateur observations. Recently, FCO has been contributing unfiltered magnitude measures to the British Astronomical Association campaign on Blazar OJ+287. Farm Cove Observatory Farm Cove

neg: A Beautiful Planet found to be orbiting within its star's habitable zone, or orbital area where liquid water could conceivably exist without freezing or vaporizing. In other words, it was the first discovery of an Earth-sized planet on which life could reside. The "Kepler" in this exoplanet's name comes from the fact that it was discovered by the Kepler Space Telescope, or "NASA Discovery Mission Number 10," a spacecraft observatory which is designed to find exoplanets in our region of the Milky Way Galaxy that are Earth-size and smaller, and that are within the habitable zone. The planet orbits Kepler-186, a red dwarf

neg: Milky Way (mythology) fell in love with the Light of North for its beauty. They became engaged, but the inconstant Light of North left her soon afterward. The tears of the broken-hearted Lindu fell on her wedding veil, which became the Milky Way when her father brought her to heaven so she could reign by his side and guide the migrating birds, who followed the trail of stars in her veil. Only later did scientists indeed confirm this observation; the migratory birds use the Milky Way as a guide to travel to warmer, southern lands during the winter. The name in the Indo-European

neg: Princess Kay of the Milky Way The name "Princess Kay of the Milky Way" was selected from over 10,000 entries in a 1954 contest to name the Minnesota dairy princess. Individual counties in Minnesota may select Dairy Princesses who meet the eligibility requirements listed below. These Princesses may then advance to the Princess Kay of the Milky Way finalists competition held each spring. Of the nearly 100 princesses in the competition, 12 finalists are selected, and are then required to take on public relations roles at the Minnesota State Fair. The new Princess Kay is selected just before the State Fair, and the coronation takes place

neg: The Origin of the Milky Way (Rubens) of volume. The image was a part of the commission from Philip IV of Spain to decorate Torre de la Parada. Rubens also painted other Greco-Roman mythological subjects, such as "Hercules Fighting the Nemean Lion" or "Perseus Freeing Andromeda". The Origin of the Milky Way (Rubens) The Origin of the Milky Way, or The Birth of the Milky Way, is a painting by the Flemish artist Peter Paul Rubens, featuring the Greco-Roman myth of the origin of the Milky Way. The painting depicts Hera (Juno), spilling her breast milk, the infant Heracles (Hercules) and Zeus (Jupiter) in the background, identifiable

neg: Galaxy his view, the Milky Way is celestial. According to Mohani Mohamed, the Arabian astronomer Alhazen (965–1037) made the first attempt at observing and measuring the Milky Way's parallax, and he thus "determined that because the Milky Way had no parallax, it must be remote from the Earth, not belonging to the atmosphere." The Persian astronomer al-Bīrūnī (973–1048) proposed the Milky Way galaxy to be "a collection of countless fragments of the nature of nebulous stars." The Andalusian astronomer Ibn Bâjjah ("Avempace", 1138) proposed that the Milky Way is made up of many stars that almost touch one another and appear

neg: Live at the Milky Way Live at the Milky Way Live at the Milky Way is a live album by Captain Sensible, released in 1994 by Humbug Records. It was recorded at the Milky Way club in Amsterdam on the final gig of a European tour supporting the album "The Universe of Geoffrey Brown". Sensible's backing band, known as the Ugly Sods, features ex-Damned bassist Paul Gray, keyboardist Malcolm Dixon and drummer Garrie Dreadful. In his review for AllMusic, Bruce Eder wrote that "Live at the Milky Way" includes "hard grinding, deep crunching, yet richly recorded versions of "Jet Boy Jet Girl," "Neat Neat Neat,"