query: where did the battle of trafalgar actually take place

pos: Battle of Trafalgar On the actual anniversary day, 21 October, naval manoeuvres were conducted in Trafalgar Bay near Cádiz involving a combined fleet from Britain, Spain, and France. Many descendants of people present at the battle, including members of Nelson's family, were at the ceremony. Attribution: Battle of Trafalgar The Battle of Trafalgar (21 October 1805) was a naval engagement fought by the British Royal Navy against the combined fleets of the French and Spanish Navies, during the War of the Third Coalition (August–December 1805) of the Napoleonic Wars (1796–1815). Twenty-seven British ships of the line led by Admiral Lord Nelson aboard defeated

pos: Battle of Trafalgar Battle of Trafalgar The Battle of Trafalgar (21 October 1805) was a naval engagement fought by the British Royal Navy against the combined fleets of the French and Spanish Navies, during the War of the Third Coalition (August–December 1805) of the Napoleonic Wars (1796–1815). Twenty-seven British ships of the line led by Admiral Lord Nelson aboard defeated thirty-three French and Spanish ships of the line under French Admiral Villeneuve. The battle took place in the Atlantic Ocean off the southwest coast of Spain, just west of Cape Trafalgar, near the town of Los Caños de Meca. The Franco-Spanish fleet lost

pos: Trafalgar Square Trafalgar Square Trafalgar Square ( ) is a public square in the City of Westminster, Central London, built around the area formerly known as Charing Cross. Its name commemorates the Battle of Trafalgar, a British naval victory in the Napoleonic Wars with France and Spain that took place on 21 October 1805 off the coast of Cape Trafalgar. The site of Trafalgar Square had been a significant landmark since the 13th century and originally contained the King's Mews. After George IV moved the mews to Buckingham Palace, the area was redeveloped by John Nash, but progress was slow after his

pos: George Augustus Westphal as a Masters mate and midshipman on and . In March 1803 Westphal joined the 32 gun fifth rate frigate HMS "Amphion" as a midshipman whilst transporting Horatio Nelson to the Mediterranean to take command. Westphal was transferred to HMS "Victory". On 21 October 1805 Westphal was in the Battle of Trafalgar fighting on Nelson's flagship "Victory". Westphal was shot in the head and taken to the sick bay, where he was laid near the injured Nelson. Westphal explained in an 1842 article in the "United Service magazine": Many years after the battle, the Admiralty asked Westphal to identify Nelson's

pos: The Trafalgar Way The Trafalgar Way The Trafalgar Way is the name given to the historic route used to carry dispatches with the news of the Battle of Trafalgar overland from Falmouth to the Admiralty in London. The first messenger in November 1805 was Lieutenant John Richards Lapenotière, of , who reached Falmouth on 4 November after a hard voyage in bad weather. He then raced to London bearing the dispatches containing the momentous news of Lord Nelson's victory and death in the Battle of Trafalgar on 21 October 1805. Following the death in action of the Commander in Chief, Admiral Lord Nelson,

pos: Order of battle at the Battle of Trafalgar Order of battle at the Battle of Trafalgar This is a listing of the fleets that participated in the Battle of Trafalgar on 21 October 1805, and the number of killed and wounded per ship. Named officers marked '†', killed in action or died of wounds. The table below shows the British vessels deployed during the battle. HMS "Africa" attacked the head of the Allied line (to the North of the Weather column), whilst the rest of the ships-of-the-line were divided into two columns, with the Weather column forming the northern flank and the Lee column the southern flank. They

pos: HMS Berwick (1775) meet the British fleet near Cape Trafalgar. On 21 October 1805, "Berwick" fought at the Battle of Trafalgar, where re-captured her. "Berwick" sank near Sanlúcar in the tempest the following day after her French prisoners cut her cables. Although was nearby and quickly sent boats, many of the c.200 persons aboard "Berwick" lost their lives. HMS Berwick (1775) HMS "Berwick" was a 74-gun "Elizabeth"-class third rate of the Royal Navy, launched at Portsmouth Dockyard on 18 April 1775, to a design by Sir Thomas Slade. She fought the French at the Battle of Ushant (1778) and the Dutch at the

pos: Trafalgar Cemetery Trafalgar Cemetery The Trafalgar Cemetery is a cemetery in the British Overseas Territory of Gibraltar. Formerly known as the Southport Ditch Cemetery, it occupies a small area of land just to the south of the city walls, in what had been a defensive ditch during the period of Spanish rule of Gibraltar. Although it is named for the Battle of Trafalgar of 21 October 1805, only two victims of the battle are buried there. The remainder of the interments are mostly of those killed in other sea battles or casualties of the yellow fever epidemics that swept Gibraltar between 1804

pos: Trafalgar Cemetery Flat Bastion. It was depicted in a 1627 map of Gibraltar by Spanish engineer Luis Bravo de Acuña. On the map held by the British Museum, it is labeled in Spanish as "Fosso" (). The cemetery was formerly known as the Southport Ditch Cemetery. It was consecrated in June 1798, seven years prior to the Battle of Trafalgar, which took place on 21 October 1805. The cemetery was sometimes considered to be part of St. Jago's Cemetery, the larger burial ground just to the north, on the opposite side of Charles V Wall. St. Jago's, also known as Deadman's Cemetery,

neg: Battle of Trafalgar trade with the continent. The Napoleonic Wars continued for another ten years after Trafalgar. Nelson's body was preserved in a barrel of brandy for the trip home to a hero's funeral. Following the battle, the Royal Navy was never again seriously challenged by the French fleet in a large-scale engagement. Napoleon had already abandoned his plans of invasion before the battle and they were never revived. The battle did not mean, however, that the French naval challenge to Britain was over. First, as the French control over the continent expanded, Britain had to take active steps with the Battle of

neg: Battle of Trafalgar Many of the injured crew were brought ashore at Gibraltar and treated in the Naval Hospital. Men who subsequently died from injuries sustained at the battle are buried in or near the Trafalgar Cemetery, at the south end of Main Street, Gibraltar. One Royal Marine officer was killed on board "Victory"; Captain Charles Adair. Royal Marine Lieutenant Lewis Buckle Reeve was seriously wounded and lay next to Nelson. The battle took place the day after the Battle of Ulm, and Napoleon did not hear about it for weeks—the Grande Armée had left Boulogne to fight Britain's allies before they could

neg: Trafalgar Day killed on board HMS "Victory" in 1805. It is believed that this is the only memorial on the island, Nelson's pillar in Dublin (the earliest memorial to Admiral Nelson) having been destroyed in 1966, and in 2015 residents organised their first ever "Trafalgar Day". In Gibraltar, the Trafalgar Day service takes place at the Trafalgar Cemetery, where the senior Naval Commander reads an extract from the "Gibraltar Chronicle" newspaper, the first periodical to report on the battle. Some sailors died in Gibraltar of wounds received at Trafalgar; they are buried in Gibraltar. HMS "Victory", with Nelson's body on board, underwent

neg: Galileo Galilei which did not actually take place. An exception is Drake, who argues that the experiment did take place, more or less as Viviani described it. The experiment described was actually performed by Simon Stevin (commonly known as Stevinus) and Jan Cornets de Groot, although the building used was actually the church tower in Delft in 1586. However, most of his experiments with falling bodies were carried out using inclined planes where both the issues of timing and air resistance were much reduced. In his 1638 "Discorsi", Galileo's character Salviati, widely regarded as Galileo's spokesman, held that all unequal weights would

neg: Trafalgar Campaign and the Royal Navy. Despite limited successes in achieving some elements of the plan the French commanders were unable to follow the main objective through to execution. The campaign, which took place over thousands of miles of ocean, was marked by several naval engagements, most significantly at the Battle of Trafalgar on 21 October, where the combined fleet was decisively defeated, and from which the campaign takes its name. A final mopping up action at the Battle of Cape Ortegal on 4 November completed the destruction of the combined fleet, and secured the supremacy of the Royal Navy at sea.

neg: Battle of Cape Ortegal Battle of Cape Ortegal The Battle of Cape Ortegal was the final action of the Trafalgar Campaign, and was fought between a squadron of the Royal Navy and a remnant of the fleet that had been destroyed earlier at the Battle of Trafalgar. It took place on 4 November 1805 off Cape Ortegal, in north-west Spain and saw Captain Sir Richard Strachan defeat and capture a French squadron under Rear-Admiral Pierre Dumanoir le Pelley. It is sometimes known as Strachan's Action. Dumanoir had commanded the van of the line at Trafalgar, and had managed to escape the battle having suffered

neg: HMS Naiad (1797) preparations etc. for the forthcoming battle. On 20 October the combined fleet departed Cadiz. During the Battle of Trafalgar on 21 October, "Naiad" was too small to take part in the battle itself. Instead, she lay to windward of the action. After the battle she towed to Gibraltar and destroyed the grounded "Monarca". In September 1806 Parliament voted a grant of £300,000 to the participants in the battle, with the crew of "Naiad" being among the beneficiaries. In 1847, the Admiralty issued the NGSM with clasp "Trafalgar" to all surviving claimants from the battle. "Naiad" was in company with and

neg: William Lechmere was one of those who agreed to go, as did Captain William Brown of . Brown and Lechmere handed command of their ships temporarily over to their first lieutenants, John Pilfold and John Stockham respectively, and sailed for Britain with Calder on 14 October, five days before the combined fleet sailed from Cadiz, and seven days before the Battle of Trafalgar took place. Consequently Lechmere was absent when the battle took place, and Stockham instead received a share of the rewards of a grateful nation, being promoted to post captain, while Lechmere was overlooked. Despite having missed his opportunity to

neg: Constantine Richard Moorsom Constantine Richard Moorsom Constantine Richard Moorsom (1792–1861) was a Vice-Admiral in the Royal Navy. He commanded HMS "Fury" a "Hecla"-class bomb vessel which saw wartime service in the Bombardment of Algiers, an attack on Barbary pirates at Algiers in HMS "Fury" in August, 1816. Moorsom was the son of Admiral Sir Robert Moorsom, a veteran of Trafalgar. Moorsom was on the roster of HMS "Revenge", his father's ship, when it was at the Battle of Trafalgar. However records show that Constantine was actually at school at the time of the battle. Moorsom rose to be chairman of the London &

neg: Order of battle in the Atlantic campaign of 1806 Order of battle in the Atlantic campaign of 1806 The Atlantic campaign of 1806 was one of the most important and complex naval campaigns of the post-Trafalgar Napoleonic Wars. Seeking to take advantage of the withdrawal of British forces from the Atlantic in the aftermath of the Battle of Trafalgar, Emperor Napoleon ordered two battle squadrons to sea from the fleet stationed at Brest, during December 1805. Escaping deep into the Atlantic, these squadrons succeeded in disrupting British convoys, evading pursuit by British battle squadrons and reinforcing the French garrison at Santo Domingo. The period of French success was brief:

neg: Order of battle in the Atlantic campaign of 1806 25 September 1806, when a French convoy of seven ships sailing to the West Indies was intercepted and defeated. Although Hood's force captured four large modern frigates, the French fought hard and Hood himself was seriously wounded by musket fire, losing an arm. Order of battle in the Atlantic campaign of 1806 The Atlantic campaign of 1806 was one of the most important and complex naval campaigns of the post-Trafalgar Napoleonic Wars. Seeking to take advantage of the withdrawal of British forces from the Atlantic in the aftermath of the Battle of Trafalgar, Emperor Napoleon ordered two battle squadrons to

neg: HMS Phoebe (1795) the third rate . Capel spotted the Combined Fleet's exit and notified Nelson. As the combined fleet approached the British over the next couple of days, the frigates shadowed it, reporting on its movements. During the subsequent Battle of Trafalgar, "Phoebe" relayed Nelson's signals to the rest of fleet, and remained close to the action although she did not actually engage the enemy. In the gale that followed a few days later and "Phoebe" assisted two of the prizes, and "Bahama", with the result that they were saved. In January 1806 Captain James Oswald took command. "Phoebe" then served in

neg: Cape Trafalgar Cape Trafalgar Cape Trafalgar (; ) is a headland in the Province of Cádiz in the south-west of Spain. The 1805 naval Battle of Trafalgar, in which the Royal Navy commanded by Admiral Horatio Nelson decisively defeated Napoleon's combined Spanish and French fleet, took place off the cape. It lies on the shore of the Atlantic Ocean, northwest of the Strait of Gibraltar. The International Hydrographic Organization defines the Western limit of the strait and the Mediterranean Sea as a line that joins Cape Trafalgar to the North to Cape Spartel to the south. The most prominent structure on the

neg: Order of battle at the Battle of Trafalgar are listed in sailing order. The British fleet during the battle consisted of 33 warships, 27 of which were ships of the line. During the battle the frigates and smaller vessels acted in support, but did not engage the enemy. The following listing shows the French and Spanish ships of the line by order of sailing from north to south. The combined fleet consisted of 41 ships with 18 French ships of the line and 15 Spanish ships of the line. Order of battle at the Battle of Trafalgar This is a listing of the fleets that participated in the

neg: Frank Abney Hastings for the last six months. His ship, too, was the only one in the Greek navy where regular discipline was maintained. Frank Abney Hastings Frank Abney Hastings () (14 February 1794 – 1 June 1828) was a British naval officer and Philhellene. Born to a noble British family, he served in the Royal Navy, seeing action at the Battle of Trafalgar and the Battle of New Orleans. In 1819 He was discharged from the Royal Navy, and a few years later would travel to Greece to aid the Greeks in their struggle for independence, where he would take part in

neg: New Trafalgar Dispatch Tedburn St Mary, Nadderwater, Clyst Honiton, Wilmington and Kilmington. The ceremonies also included the unveiling of permanent commemorative plaques to inaugurate and mark The Trafalgar Way. New Trafalgar Dispatch The New Trafalgar Dispatch was part of the bicentenary celebrations of Lord Nelson's famous and momentous victory at the Battle of Trafalgar, in 1805. The prolonged and multi-focal ceremony took place between July and September 2005. An actor, Alex Price, played the central role of Lieutenant Lapenotiere and recreated the delivery of Vice Admiral Collingwood’s original dispatch (report) to the Admiralty. The original dispatch was carried by HMS "Pickle" from the

neg: New Trafalgar Dispatch New Trafalgar Dispatch The New Trafalgar Dispatch was part of the bicentenary celebrations of Lord Nelson's famous and momentous victory at the Battle of Trafalgar, in 1805. The prolonged and multi-focal ceremony took place between July and September 2005. An actor, Alex Price, played the central role of Lieutenant Lapenotiere and recreated the delivery of Vice Admiral Collingwood’s original dispatch (report) to the Admiralty. The original dispatch was carried by HMS "Pickle" from the fleet off Cape Trafalgar to Falmouth. From there, Lapenotiere travelled by post chaise to London, in the very fast time of 37 hours. In the re-enactment,

neg: Battle of Trafalgar Britain" theme, marked the bicentenary of the Battle of Trafalgar. The 200th anniversary of the battle was also commemorated on six occasions in Portsmouth during June and July, at St Paul's Cathedral (where Nelson is entombed), in Trafalgar Square in London in October ("T Square 200"), and across the UK. On 28 June, the Queen was involved in the largest Fleet Review in modern times in the Solent, in which 167 ships from 35 nations took part. The Queen inspected the international fleet from the Antarctic patrol ship HMS "Endurance". The fleet included six aircraft carriers – (modern capital ships):

neg: Cayetano Valdés y Flores in 1802, where he was appointed "brigadier de la Real Armada". In 1805, Valdés and the "Neptuno" were based in Cadiz as commodore of a squadron of ships, and so they were called on to fight when the French fleet attempted to make the open sea during the Trafalgar Campaign. On the 21 October the combined fleet was chased down and attacked in the Battle of Trafalgar. Valdés fought hard, his ship was leading the combined fleet and turned back into the melee behind him. Unfortunately the French ships accompanying the "Neptuno" under Admiral Dumanior did not turn back and

neg: Maritime history of Europe October 1805, the Battle of Trafalgar took place, which involved 60 vessels, 27 British, and 33 French and Spanish. The British did not lose a single ship, and destroyed the enemy fleet, but Admiral Lord Nelson died in the battle. It was the most significant naval battle of the beginning of the 19th century, and confirmed the British Navy’s supremacy of the time. The Pharos of Meloria is often considered the first lighthouse in Europe since Roman times. Meloria, a rocky islet off the Tuscan coast in the Tyrrhenian Sea, was the location of two medieval naval battles. The Tower

neg: Spanish ship San Ildefonso the centre of gravity and the vessel was constructed shorter in length than a traditional Spanish seventy-four would be. Though considered a seventy-four (or third-rate) ship, in common with other vessels of the time, the "San Ildefonso" actually carried more guns. She was equipped with 80 in total comprising 16 eight pounder cannons on the fore-deck and 6 eight pounder cannons, 10 thirty pounder howitzers and six twenty-four pound howitzers on the aft deck. However unlike most other Spanish ships of the line (including all those present at the Battle of Trafalgar) the "San Ildefonso" did not carry any four

neg: Frank Abney Hastings Frank Abney Hastings Frank Abney Hastings () (14 February 1794 – 1 June 1828) was a British naval officer and Philhellene. Born to a noble British family, he served in the Royal Navy, seeing action at the Battle of Trafalgar and the Battle of New Orleans. In 1819 He was discharged from the Royal Navy, and a few years later would travel to Greece to aid the Greeks in their struggle for independence, where he would take part in multiple battles, most notably the Battle of Itea, during which his ship the "Karteria," would become the first steam-powered warship to

neg: Trafalgar Township Trafalgar Township Trafalgar Township was a municipality within the historic Halton County in Ontario, Canada. It is today a geographic township in the town of Oakville in the Regional Municipality of Halton. Named after Cape Trafalgar where Horatio Nelson led the English fleet to victory over the Spanish and French at the Battle of Trafalgar, the township was created in 1806. Trafalgar was one of three townships surveyed by Samuel Street Wilmot after the purchase of land from the Mississaugas in 1805. The boundaries extended from Lake Ontario in the south to Steeles Avenue in the north, and from Winston

neg: Battle of Trafalgar steered from her tiller belowdecks. "Victory" could not yet respond. At 12:45, "Victory" cut the enemy line between Villeneuve's flagship "Bucentaure" and "Redoutable"; she came close to "Bucentaure", firing a devastating raking broadside through her stern which killed and wounded many on her gundecks. Villeneuve thought that boarding would take place, and with the Eagle of his ship in hand, told his men, "I will throw it onto the enemy ship and we will take it back there!" However "Victory" engaged the 74-gun "Redoutable"; "Bucentaure" was left to be dealt with by the next three ships of the British windward

neg: Battle of Trafalgar Britannia Monument in Great Yarmouth was raised by 1819. Nelson's Column, Montreal began public subscriptions soon after news of the victory at Trafalgar arrived; the column was completed in the autumn of 1809 and still stands in Place Jacques Cartier. London's Trafalgar Square was named in honour of Nelson's victory; at the centre of the square there is a column, Nelson's Column, with a statue of Nelson on top. It was finished in 1843. The statue of Lord Nelson in Bridgetown, Barbados, in what was also once known as Trafalgar Square, was erected in 1813. The disparity in losses has

neg: The Battle of Trafalgar (painting) sacrifice reaffirm this work's place as a history painting, despite it not depicting one scene from ancient history, religion, or mythology. The British were attempting to establish themselves as a major maritime power; with their victory in this battle they were successful and with this painting that becomes evident. Turner had a great deal of personal interest and investment in this work and with the history of the Battle of Trafalgar in general. Turner made several sketches immediately after the battle, careful studies of the ships and their rigging, and close details of the uniforms. The most notable of these

neg: Hornblower and the Atropos drink, thus allowing Hornblower the opportunity to learn much of canal boat operation when he volunteers to take the man's place at the boat's helm. Upon their arrival in London, Hornblower assumes command of the "Atropos". His first assignment is a unique one: to organise Admiral Horatio Nelson's funeral. The Battle of Trafalgar had just taken place, in which Nelson was shot and killed by a musket. The whole nation is in deep mourning and all eyes are on the funeral. The funeral consists of a procession on the Thames between Greenwich Pier and Whitehall Steps, during which the ceremonial

neg: Cape Trafalgar cape is a 34-metre-high lighthouse (51 metres above sea level), the "", built in 1860. The name is of Arabic origin, deriving either from "Taraf al-Ghar" ( 'cape of the cave/laurel'), or from "Taraf al-Gharb" ( 'cape of the west') In both cases, "taraf" () means 'edge' or 'extremity' and refers to a promontory. In modern Arabic, however, the place is sometimes re-transcribed as "al-Taraf al-Aghar" (). Cape Trafalgar Cape Trafalgar (; ) is a headland in the Province of Cádiz in the south-west of Spain. The 1805 naval Battle of Trafalgar, in which the Royal Navy commanded by Admiral

neg: The Gulf War Did Not Take Place the experience of what truly happened in the conflict, and its stylized, selective misrepresentation through "simulacra". The Gulf War Did Not Take Place The Gulf War Did Not Take Place () is a collection of three short essays by Jean Baudrillard published in the French newspaper "Libération" and British paper "The Guardian" between January and March 1991. Contrary to the title, the author believes that the events and violence of the Gulf War actually took place, whereas the issue is one of interpretation: were the events that took place comparable to how they were presented, and could these events be

neg: The Gulf War Did Not Take Place The Gulf War Did Not Take Place The Gulf War Did Not Take Place () is a collection of three short essays by Jean Baudrillard published in the French newspaper "Libération" and British paper "The Guardian" between January and March 1991. Contrary to the title, the author believes that the events and violence of the Gulf War actually took place, whereas the issue is one of interpretation: were the events that took place comparable to how they were presented, and could these events be called a war? The title is a reference to the play "The Trojan War Will Not

neg: Battle of Ruxu (222–223) Battle of Ruxu (222–223) The Battle of Ruxu, also known as the Battle of Ruxukou, took place in 222-223 between the forces of Cao Wei and Eastern Wu during the Three Kingdoms period. The battle was the third battle taking place between the Cao and Sun clan at Ruxu, but this particular conflict was the only of the three to take place actually during the Three Kingdoms period, as the other two took place in 213 and 217. Following the Shu Han defeat at the Battle of Xiaoting, the alliance between Cao Pi and Sun Quan was tested, because the

neg: Trafalgar Square Square in Bridgetown, Barbados, was named Trafalgar Square in 1813, before its better-known British namesake. It was renamed in 1999 to commemorate national heroes of Barbados. There is a life scale replica of the square in Bahria Town, Lahore, Pakistan where it is a tourist attraction and centre for local residents. Notes Citations Sources Trafalgar Square Trafalgar Square ( ) is a public square in the City of Westminster, Central London, built around the area formerly known as Charing Cross. Its name commemorates the Battle of Trafalgar, a British naval victory in the Napoleonic Wars with France and Spain that

neg: Battle of Trafalgar sail southward to engage the enemy forces in Spain. This left the Channel drastically reduced of large vessels, with only 11 ships of the line present. This detached force formed the nucleus of the British fleet that would fight at Trafalgar. This fleet, under the command of Vice-Admiral Calder, reached Cádiz on 15 September. Nelson joined the fleet on 28 September to take command. The British fleet used frigates (faster, but too fragile for the line of battle), to keep a constant watch on the harbour, while the main force remained out of sight, approximately 50 miles (80 km) west

neg: John Scott (Royal Navy officer) Alexander Scott. Just prior to the Battle of Trafalgar, "Victorys" surgeon William Beatty was one of the many officers concerned by the conspicuous dress of Lord Nelson. It was Scott who advised Beatty to keep his thoughts to himself, remarking, "Take care doctor, what you are about. I would not be the man to mention such a matter to him". At Trafalgar, Scott was stationed on the quarter deck of "Victory", next to Nelson. It would have been his job to record the battle but one of the first cannonballs to reach "Victory", cut him in half, killing him immediately.

neg: Saratoga Springs, New York donated land for use as public spaces. The Battle of Saratoga, the turning point of the Revolutionary War, did not take place in Saratoga Springs. Rather, the battlefield is to the southeast in the Town of Stillwater. A museum dedicated to the two battles sits on the former battlefields. The British encampment before the surrender at Saratoga took place east of the city, in Schuylerville, where several historical markers delineate points of interest. The surrender of the sword of battle took place where Fort Saratoga had been, south of Schuylerville. Saratoga Springs was established as a settlement in 1819 from

neg: Blasphemy law Lemon" in 1977, when Denis Lemon, the editor of "Gay News", was found guilty. His newspaper had published James Kirkup's poem "The Love that Dares to Speak its Name", which allegedly vilified Christ and his life. Lemon was fined £500 and given a suspended sentence of nine months' imprisonment. It had been "touch and go", said the judge, whether he would actually send Lemon to jail. In 2002, a deliberate and well-publicized public repeat reading of the poem took place on the steps of St Martin-in-the-Fields church in Trafalgar Square, but did not lead to any prosecution. In 1696, a

neg: Battle of Głębokie was both a tactical victory and a strategic defeat for them. Because the Polish defenders did not realise that the town of Głębokie was the focal point of the entire Soviet operation, the battle was initially known in Polish historiography as battle on the Avuta (), after a small tributary of the Dysna River, where most of the fighting actually took place. In April and May the Polish successful Kiev Offensive reached Kiev and pushed the Red forces south of the Pripet Marshes behind the Dneper. However, Soviet forces evaded encirclement and retreated across the river. Quite unexpectedly to the

neg: Nailing the colours she was capitulating. In contrast, fixing the battle ensign with nails would prevent it from being removed easily, and effectively prevented the surrender. It became an expression of defiance and willingness to force oneself to fight up to the bitter end. The practice became a powerful and recurrent propaganda tool during the French Revolutionary Wars. It actually happened on the "Tonnant" at the Battle of the Nile and on the "San Juan Nepomuceno" at the Battle of Trafalgar; it was also wrongly claimed that the "Vengeur du Peuple" had done so during the Third Battle of Ushant, when she had

neg: The Battle of Trafalgar (painting) early works was "The Battle of Trafalgar, as Seen from the Mizen Starboard Shrouds of the Victory". This work was well received and provided the foundation from which Turner would develop "Trafalgar" into a scene representing an overall account of the whole battle. This earlier depiction is closer to Turner’s style in that it leans away from traditional maritime paintings and more toward the ambiguity and sublime that Turner would later be known for. In preparation for "Trafalgar" Turner created two preparatory oil sketches, with the "First Sketch for ‘The Battle of Trafalgar’" aligning its composition with the traditional maritime

neg: Battle of Taranto up after the Italian Army halted at Sidi Barrani, which freed up the British Mediterranean Fleet. Operation Judgment was just a small part of the overarching Operation MB8. It was originally scheduled to take place on 21 October 1940, Trafalgar Day, but a fire in an auxiliary fuel tank of one Swordfish led to a delay. auxiliary tanks were fitted in the observers position on torpedo bombers - the observer taking the air gunner's position - to extend the operating range of the aircraft enough to reach Taranto.) This minor fire spread into something more serious that destroyed two Swordfish.

neg: Nelson (opera) Emma, and they realise that they love each other. Dover Street, London, 1800. Nelson's wife chides him with his passion for Emma, but Emma herself declares her love for him. August 1805, a few weeks before the Battle of Trafalgar. A garden in Nelson's country retreat, Merton Place, outside London. Lord Minto and Captain Hardy advise Nelson to end his affair with Emma, which has become the talk of the town. Emma arrives and the lovers pledge their affection, but at this moment a summons artrives to instruct Nelson to take command of the Fleet. Outside the George Inn, Portsmouth.

neg: Edward Griffith Colpoys commander off the French coast, later becoming the captain of the ship of the line HMS "Dragon" during the Trafalgar campaign. Although "Dragon" did not fight at the climactic Battle of Trafalgar, Griffith was engaged at the preceding Battle of Cape Finisterre in July 1805. In 1812, Griffith was advanced to rear-admiral and later that year commanded a squadron off Maine during the War of 1812, leading a successful attack up the Penobscot River in 1814 to re-establish New Ireland (Maine). Griffith remained in North America until 1821, as commander of the base at Halifax, Nova Scotia. On his return

neg: Ship of the line the Baltic Sea, Sweden, Denmark, the Netherlands, and Russia did likewise, while in the Mediterranean Sea, the Ottoman Empire, Venice, Spain, France, Britain and Russia battled. During the Napoleonic Wars, Britain's Royal Navy established itself as the supreme world naval power by defeating a Spanish fleet near Cape St Vincent in 1797, a French fleet at the Bay of Aboukir off the Egyptian coast at the Battle of the Nile in 1798, a combined Franco-Spanish fleet near Cape Trafalgar in Spain at the Battle of Trafalgar in 1805, and the Danish fleet in the bombardment of Copenhagen in the second

neg: Richard Goodwin Keats After the Treaty of Amiens in 1802 Keats and "Superb" remained in the Mediterranean under Admiral Sir Richard Bickerton. When Nelson relieved Bickerton and took command of the fleet in the Mediterranean Keats remained with him off Toulon and accompanied the fleet to the West Indies in 1805 in the famous chase of Admiral Villeneuve that culminated in the Battle of Trafalgar. After the fleet's return to European waters, "Superb" was sent to Portsmouth to re-fit. Unfortunately, she did not rejoin the fleet off Cadiz until November 1805, missing the Battle of Trafalgar by less than a month. On 9

neg: Daniel Roberts (Royal Navy officer) and five months before "Euryalus" was to make a significant contribution to Nelson's fleet at the Battle of Trafalgar, Roberts was again on shore for three months. On 8 April 1805, he joined a hospital ship, HMS Trent for one month; then back on "Euryalus" for just two weeks and five days until on 23 August 1805 he joined another 36-gun frigate, , stationed off the French coast in the Bay of Biscay. This ship did not join in the Battle of Trafalgar; instead she was part of the fleet, which was blockading the French coast. In August 1806, young

neg: Trafalgar Cemetery and 1814. In addition, tombstones were transferred to the Trafalgar Cemetery from St. Jago's Cemetery and Alameda Gardens. The cemetery is no longer used for burials and was abandoned for many years, but was restored in the 1980s. In 1992, a memorial to the Battle of Trafalgar was erected in the cemetery. The graveyard is the site of an annual commemorative ceremony on Trafalgar Day, the Sunday nearest to the anniversary of the Battle of Trafalgar. Trafalgar Cemetery is listed with the Gibraltar Heritage Trust. The Trafalgar Cemetery is in Gibraltar, the British Overseas Territory at the southern end of

neg: Woodway House on the River Thames, and saw extensive action before the Battle of Trafalgar. She served in Nelson’s fleet at the Battle of Copenhagen 1801, where she fought gallantly against the Holsteen and the shore based batteries of the Trekroner. In July 1805 before Trafalgar she had taken part in Admiral Robert Calder’s fight with a combined French and Spanish fleet off the coast of Portugal. Captain Durham claimed that she was the fastest 74-gun ship in the British fleet. Nonetheless "Defiance" was placed at the rear of Admiral Collingwood’s line, and the battle was well advanced before she fired her

neg: Jean-Jacques Magendie as ordered. In October 1803, Magendie was tasked to supervise the commissioning of "Bucentaure". After she entered service, he became her captain and flag officer to Vice-Admiral Latouche Tréville, who died on board on 18 August 1804, and then to Vice-Admiral Villeneuve. Magendie then took part in the Trafalgar Campaign, notably the Battle of Cape Finisterre. Magendie captained "Bucentaure" at the Battle of Trafalgar, where he was wounded in the mouth and captured. Released on parole in February 1806, he returned to France, where he worked at the Ministry of the Navy. In December 1807, he was sent to Lisbon

neg: Highlander (film) over the hill on his horse." The filming of the parking garage scene took place in two different places. According to New York location manager Brett Botula, "the garage exterior is Manhattan, across from Madison Square Garden, and the interior is 'somewhere in London.'" The pro-wrestling match in the opening scene featured The Fabulous Freebirds vs. Greg Gagne, Jim Brunzell and The Tonga Kid. The scene where the MacLeod clan sets off to battle is supposed to take place "in the village of Glenfinnan, on the shore of Loch Shiel" in the Lochaber area, but was actually filmed at Eilean

neg: Richard Spencer (Royal Navy officer) transferred to , Nelson's flagship in the Mediterranean. He gave Nelson what information he had gleaned from his stay in Genoa. Nelson appointed him to command the captured French 12-gun privateer schooner ; her name was changed to HMS "Crafty". He was injured by an oar on board the "Crafty"'s jolly boat, which may have left a permanent mark on his health. He did not take part in the Battle of Trafalgar but he had lost a useful friend in Nelson. In 1806, he captured vessels running sulphur from Sicily to Toulon, France, for making gunpowder. He took part in

neg: James Marr Brydone the "Waterloo". He then settled at Petworth where he became accountant and later acting land agent for Colonel Wyndham, and died at the age of 86. Brydone married Elizabeth Hislop on 11 June 1818 and the couple had four children: James Marr Brydone James Marr Brydone (1779–29 March 1866), was a Scottish surgeon who served in the British fleet at the Battle of Trafalgar. He is best remembered for being the first person in the main British battle fleet to sight the Franco-Spanish fleet, and did so without the use of a glass. The information was signalled to the fleet

neg: French Navy ensued in the early 1800s, including the Battle of the Malta Convoy and the Algeciras Campaign. The Quasi-War wound down with single-ship actions including USS "Constellation" vs "La Vengeance" and USS "Enterprise" vs "Flambeau". When Napoleon was crowned Emperor in 1804, he attempted to restore the Navy to a position that would enable his plan for an invasion of England. His dreams were dashed by the Battle of Trafalgar in 1805, where the British all but annihilated a combined Franco-Spanish fleet, a disaster that guaranteed British naval superiority throughout the Napoleonic Wars. Still, the Navy did not shrink from action:

neg: HMS Britannia (1762) carronades. "Britannia" was first commissioned in September 1778, and saw service during the War of American Independence. From 1793–1795 she was the flagship of Vice-Admiral Hotham. She fought at the Battle of Cape St Vincent and at the Battle of Trafalgar, where she carried the flag of Rear-Admiral of the White William Carnegie, Earl of Northesk. She lost 10 men killed and 42 wounded at Trafalgar, and following that battle she was laid up in ordinary in the Hamoaze at Plymouth in 1806. The ship was renamed on 6 January 1810 as HMS "Princess Royal", then on 18 January 1812

neg: Trafalgar Cemetery both the victory at Trafalgar and the demise of Vice Admiral Horatio Nelson. Outside of the cemetery stands a life-size, bronze statue of Lord Nelson by British sculptor John Doubleday. It was erected in 2005 to commemorate the 200th anniversary of the Battle of Trafalgar. In addition, a small plaque was mounted at the former area of St. Jago's Cemetery to commemorate the site of interment of those sailors who later died of wounds inflicted during the battle. Trafalgar Cemetery is listed with the Gibraltar Heritage Trust. Trafalgar Cemetery The Trafalgar Cemetery is a cemetery in the British Overseas Territory

neg: Guillaume-Jean-Noël de Lavillegris of June, where "Achille" was captured and he was taken prisoner. In 1797, Lavillegris was promoted to commodore and appointed to the "Quatorze Juillet", which was being completed. "Quatorze Juillet" burnt in an accident before her commissioning, and Lavillegris was suspended for not having been aboard at the time. Reinstated in September 1799, he was appointed to the "Annibal" in 1804, and to "Mont-Blanc" in 1805. Lavillegris took part in the Trafalgar campaign. He was wounded at the Battle of Cape Finisterre, took part in the Battle of Trafalgar, and was eventually taken prisoner at the Battle of Cape Ortegal.

neg: Horatio Nelson, 1st Viscount Nelson out of port, and Nelson's fleet engaged them at the Battle of Trafalgar. The battle was Britain's greatest naval victory, but during the action, Nelson, aboard , was fatally wounded by a French sharpshooter. His body was brought back to England where he was accorded a state funeral. Nelson's death at Trafalgar secured his position as one of Britain's most heroic figures. The significance of the victory and his death during the battle led to his signal, "England expects that every man will do his duty", being regularly quoted, paraphrased and referenced up to the modern day. Numerous monuments, including

neg: Trafalgar Day by the then coalition government. The year 2005 was the bicentennial of the Battle of Trafalgar, and the Royal Navy led "Trafalgar 200" celebrations. The 2005 International Fleet Review held off Spithead in the Solent on 28 June was the first since 1999 and the largest since Her Majesty The Queen's 1977 Silver Jubilee. On 21 October each year the commissioned officers of the Royal Navy celebrate the victory at the Battle of Trafalgar by holding a Trafalgar Night dinner in the Officer's Mess. At a Trafalgar Night banquet or dinner, a speech is usually made by a guest of

neg: HMS Ajax (1798) men killed and nine wounded during the battle. A storm followed the battle and "Ajax" rescued seamen from ships in danger of sinking. Lieutenant Pilfold received the Trafalgar medal and a direct promotion to Post-captain in December. Although he missed the battle, Brown was still the official captain and so too received the Trafalgar medal. In 1847 the Admiralty awarded the Naval General Service Medal with clasp "Trafalgar" to all surviving claimants from the battle. After Trafalgar, "Ajax" was at the blockade of Cadiz. On 25 November, detained the Ragusan ship "Nemesis", which was sailing from Isle de France to

neg: Czechoslovak Legion in Italy that time, the local operation which did take place, engendered a reaction by the Austro-Hungarian troops there wherein an entire battalion of Czech troops deserted to the Italians. Soon enough Italian officers were believers that a full scale offensive at Bainsizza was planned and, during this period, Hlaváček became the first prisoner of war actually freed from captivity. The attack on Bainsizza was a main objective of the Eleventh Battle of the Isonzo, an Italian victory. Hlaváček was awarded the military cross and later lobbied on behalf of establishing a Czechoslovak Legion in Italy. The reaction of the Italian politicians

neg: Curlew Rowing Club had a Club room / bar and a small basement gym. These premises where leased at that time from the Greenwich Hospital Estates. Curlew Rowing Club is now based in out of the Trafalgar Rowing Centre only a few doors down from their old home. Curlew moved to the Trafalgar Rowing Centre in late 2003, and with the Trafalgar Trust (Curlew Rowing Club and Globe Rowing Club) now own a new boathouse and gym in Greenwich. Furthermore, on the water training takes place at the London Regatta Centre based at the Victoria and Albert Docks, where Curlew has access to

neg: Thomas Bladen Capel were to be pursued and forced to strike their colours; and any dismasted British, or captured enemy ships were to be taken in tow. Capel was present throughout the ensuing battle of Trafalgar, relaying Nelson's signals to the rest of fleet, and remaining close to the action although not actually engaged with the enemy. In the storm which followed the battle, "Phoebe" was essential in saving the captured "Swiftsure" and the Spanish ship "Bahama", bringing them all safely to Gibraltar. On November 4, Admiral Collingwood wrote "The extraordinary exertion of Captain Capel saved the French "Swiftsure"; and his ship the

neg: HMS Zealous (1785) HMS Zealous (1785) HMS "Zealous" was a 74-gun third rate ship of the line of the Royal Navy, built by Barnard of Deptford and launched on 25 June 1785. She served in a number of battles of the French Revolutionary Wars and the Napoleonic Wars, notably the Battle of the Nile, where she engaged the French ship "Guerrier", helping to force her surrender. She was later cruising off Cadiz in 1801. She missed out on the Battle of Trafalgar, having been dispatched to Gibraltar for resupply. After Trafalgar, "Zealous" continued in the blockade of Cadiz. On 25 November 1805, detained

neg: Pierre-Paulin Gourrège Bart" from 5 September 1801, and the "Aigle" from 28 November 1802. In 1803, he served off Santo Domingo, ferrying troops from Livorno to Cap-Français and performing an amphibious landing at Gonaïves, before returning to Cadiz. On 5 February 1804, he was made a Knight in the order of the Legion of Honour, and promoted to Officer on 14 June. On "Aigle", he reinforced the Franco-Spanish fleet during the Trafalgar Campaign and took part in the Battle of Cape Finisterre and in the Battle of Trafalgar, where he was mortally wounded at the outbreak of the fight possibly by mistake

neg: Hyde Park, London of Trafalgar was re-enacted on the Serpentine, with a band playing the National Anthem while the French fleet sank into the lake. The coronation of King George IV in 1821 was celebrated with a fair in the park, including an air balloon and firework displays. One of the most important events to take place in Hyde Park was the Great Exhibition of 1851. The Crystal Palace was constructed on the south side of the park. The public did not want the building to remain after the closure of the exhibition, and its architect, Joseph Paxton, raised funds and purchased it.

neg: I Was Monty's Double according to James, there was no attempt to kidnap him. The German High Command did plan to have him killed, but Hitler vetoed the plan until he could be sure where the landings would actually take place. Gibraltar was in reality a hotbed of German agents, and James/Montgomery was spied on by several operatives who were smuggled into Gibraltar specifically to discover what "Monty" was up to. James/Montgomery deliberately talked nonsense about non-existent operations and plans, in the hope that the spies would overhear and take such information seriously. Since 2010, the name 'Monty's Double' has been adopted by the

neg: The Anniversary (Fawlty Towers) to Fawlty Towers for the occasion. Before they arrive, he pretends to have forgotten again in order to maintain the surprise. When Sybil asks him if the date reminds him of anything, he guesses random anniversaries, such as the battle of Agincourt, the battle of Trafalgar and Yom Kippur (none of which actually happened on 17 April). Meanwhile, Basil has allowed Manuel to cook a seafood paella from his mother's famous recipe, something he has wanted to do ever since arriving at the hotel. Their chef, Terry, complains that he is more than capable of making paella himself. While Basil

neg: Daniel Weichel MMA debut in May 2002. Over the next four and a half years of his career, he amassed a record of 15-2. During this time, Weichel competed on a German mixed martial arts reality show titled M.A.X. (Martial Arts Xtreme) in 2006, where he made it to the final against Ivan Mussardo. However, the production shut down before the match could actually take place. The two did eventually meet in 2009, where Weichel won by unanimous decision. Following a rough patch where he went 3-4 (including two losses to future UFC fighters Paul Daley and Dan Hardy), Weichel joined the

neg: Spanish ship San Ildefonso was broken up in July 1816. The naval ensign that "San Ildefonso" flew at the Battle of Trafalgar was hung in St Paul's Cathedral at Admiral Nelson's funeral on 9 January 1806. The flag, damaged during the battle, was presented to the Royal Naval Museum by the cathedral in 1907. Spanish ship San Ildefonso San Ildefonso was a ship of the Spanish Navy launched in 1785. She was designed to be lighter than traditional Spanish vessels which had had difficulty matching the speed of ships of the Royal Navy. Though nominally a 74-gun ship the "San Ildefonso" actually carried 80

neg: Nelson-Miramichi, New Brunswick Dower’s Settlement, Southwest." The community of Nelson took its name after Admiral Lord Nelson of the Royal Navy who died at the Battle of Trafalgar. English notes that there is a "legend that the spars for Lord Nelson’s flagship Victory came from the Miramichi. There were some men from Nelson who sailed with Lord Nelson: Joseph Russell who was midshipman at the Battle of the Nile on the HMS Vanguard (1787)." English quotes historian William Francis Ganong as saying that an early Recollect Mission originally thought to have been establish at Burnt Church was actually at Nelson around 1686. The

neg: Battle of Trafalgar faded, and his pulse was very weak. He looked up as Beatty took his pulse, then closed his eyes. Nelson's chaplain, Alexander Scott, who remained by Nelson as he died, recorded his last words as "God and my country." It has been suggested by Nelson historian Craig Cabell that Nelson was actually reciting his own prayer as he fell into his death coma, as the words 'God' and 'my country' are closely linked therein. Nelson died at half-past four, three hours after being hit. Towards the end of the battle, and with the combined fleet being overwhelmed, the still relatively

neg: Battle of the Frigidus it has mostly been placed somewhere in the Vipava Valley. Whereas the Frigidus has been usually considered to be the Vipava River or Hubelj Creek and the battle to take place near Vrhpolje, recent research suggests that it actually took place some kilometers away, between Col and Sanabor. Before the battle, Eugenius and Arbogast placed a statue of Jupiter on the edge of the battlefield, and had applied images of Hercules on the army banners. This way they hoped to repeat the victories of Rome in earlier days, when it had always relied on the old gods for support in

neg: Trafalgar Cemetery was the only cemetery within the walls of the city of Gibraltar. In addition, it may have represented Gibraltar's oldest known cemetery. It was incorporated into St. Jago's Barracks playground in 1929, and repurposed as a rifle range and "ball alley." There exists little evidence of the former cemetery. The Southport Ditch Cemetery was used for interments between 1798 and 1814, after which it fell into disuse. The only exception was the grave from 1838 at the northeast corner of the cemetery, near Prince Edward's Gate. The renaming of the graveyard to commemorate the Battle of Trafalgar apparently did not

neg: Battle of Trafalgar did support the "Nelson Centenary Memorial Fund" of the British and Foreign Sailors Society, which sold Trafalgar centenary souvenirs marked with the Royal cypher. A gala was held on 21 October at the Royal Albert Hall in aid of the fund, which included a specially commissioned film by Alfred John West entitled ""Our Navy"". The event ended with "God Save the King" and "La Marseillaise" The first performance of Sir Henry Wood's "Fantasia on British Sea Songs" occurred on the same day at a special Promenade Concert. In 2005 a series of events around the UK, part of the "Sea

neg: HMS Weazel (1805) Nelson. "Weazle" and , under Captain Henry Blackwood, watched the port for the exit of the Franco-Spanish fleet, and signaled to Nelson when they did. Much to Parker's disappointment, Nelson dispatched "Weazle" to bring back five British ships of the line that Nelson had sent up the straights of Gibraltar to water, and whose absence, and the consequent weakness of the English fleet, Nelson had hoped would draw the enemy out. "Weazel" therefore missed the battle of Trafalgar. Admiral Collingwood appointed John Clavell, with a commission dated to 22 October 1805, the day after Trafalgar, in which Clavell had been

neg: Hornblower and the Crisis harbour and into a decisive engagement with Admiral Nelson. The unfinished book stops at the point where Hornblower is persuaded to attempt the mission himself. Notes left by Forester indicate that Hornblower would carry out the mission accompanied by South American revolutionary Francisco de Miranda, with Hornblower posing as his servant. They deliver the false orders to Villeneuve without arousing suspicion, prompting him to take his fleet to sea; this ultimately leads the destruction of the Franco–Spanish fleet at the Battle of Trafalgar. This book also includes two short-stories, "Hornblower and the Widow McCool" (a.k.a. "Hornblower’s Temptation"), set early in

neg: Trafalgar Day repairs in Gibraltar prior to sailing for Britain. The Victory is celebrated in the New Zealand City of Nelson (Named after Horatio Nelson) usually in Trafalgar Square and sometimes involves Pupils from Victory Primary School. Many Streets in Nelson are named after Trafalgar and Crew members of Victory. The victory is celebrated each year in the Australian town of Trafalgar, Victoria, in which the small town of 2,200 hold an annual Battle of Trafalgar Festival with the Trafalgar Day Ball held on the Friday or Saturday closest to 21 October each year. Royal Navy website Trafalgar Day Trafalgar Day is

neg: The Battle of Trafalgar (painting) installation. The painting now hangs in the National Maritime Museum, also in Greenwich, London. This work depicts a scene from the Battle of Trafalgar, a naval battle fought between the British and Franco-Spanish fleet off Cape Trafalgar in southwest Spain. The British had twenty-seven ships to the thirty-three of the Franco-Spanish fleet. Despite this, the British came out as decisively victorious and captured or destroyed nineteen of the Franco-Spanish ships. Admiral Nelson, of the British Navy, took an unconventional approach to this battle and split his fleet into two lines, one led by his flagship "Victory" and the other by

neg: Battle of Gestilren Innocent III, impressed by Sverker's pro-papal policy, ordered Eric to settle the conflict with Sverker, or else take serious consequences. However, his admonitions did not have the desired effect. A new expedition was therefore equipped in Denmark in order to recapture the Swedish throne. In the summer of 1210, Sverker once again invaded the Swedish kingdom where Eric had meanwhile adopted royal titles. The army came to a place called Gestilren where it was confronted by Eric's troops on 17 July (alternatively, 16 August). The available details about the battle are utterly meagre. The short chronicle of the Westrogothic law

neg: Tough (manga) did to him, and vows to get even with him. After being discharged from the hospital he goes to the apparent resting place of his oldest brother Son-O Miyazawa, who was thought to have been killed by Kiryu many years before and ends up being abducted by a mysterious group of individuals. Afterwards Kiichi travels to New York City where the Hyper Battle will be held. After meeting up with an old friend he goes to Madison Square Garden where the competition will take place, he encounters many fighters among them Minoru, Kiryu who will do an exhibition fight, his

neg: Battle of Antrim (captured by James Dickey) were taken and the bridge at Toome damaged to prevent the government rushing reinforcements into Antrim from west of the Bann. The rebels then assembled at Donegore Hill in preparation for the march and attack on Antrim town where an emergency meeting of the county's magistrates called by the county governor, Lord O'Neill, was due to take place. Although almost 10,000 rebels assembled at Donegore, many displayed reluctance for the coming fight and stayed on the hill in reserve or deserted later so that probably fewer than 4,000 actually took part in the attack. The United

neg: Islam and antisemitism tree are that it grows outside Herod's Gate or that it is actually a bush that grows outside Jaffa Gate which some Muslims believe where Jesus will return to Earth and slay the Dajjal, following the final battle between the Muslims and unbelievers which some believe will take place directly below the Jaffa Gate below the Sultan's Pool. Another interpretation that exists is that the mention of the Gharqad tree is symbolic and is in reference to all the forces of the world believed to conspire with the Jews against Muslims. The following hadith which forms a part of these

neg: Charles V Wall Simón Susarte managed to scale Charles V's Wall, and massacred the guard at Middle Hill, but were attacked by a party of grenadiers and were all either killed or captured. The Southport Gates were built in place of the old "Puerta de África" in the lower section of the wall. Deadman's Cemetery used to be located on the inner (north) side of the wall, above the Southport Gates with some of the headstones dating back to 1738. In 1798 Southport Ditch Cemetery (later renamed Trafalgar Cemetery in honour of the Battle of Trafalgar) was consecrated, a small graveyard on the

neg: Keith Park campaign to erect a permanent statue of Park on the Fourth plinth in Trafalgar Square, in recognition of his work as commander of No. 11 Group during the Battle of Britain. London Mayor Boris Johnson is on record as saying that devoting the plinth permanently to Park, while certainly worthy, might not be easy to facilitate. On 8 May 2009 Westminster City Council agreed to erect a 2.78 m (9 ft) statue in Waterloo Place. A temporary 5 m (16.4 ft) statue was unveiled on the fourth plinth in Trafalgar Square on 4 November 2009. The fibre glass sculpture was

neg: HMS Belfast (C35) she was fitted out as a museum. She was towed to her final resting place above Tower Bridge on 15 October 1971 and settled in a huge hole that had been dredged in the river bed; then she was attached to two dolphins which guide her during the rise and falll of the tide. She was opened to the public on Trafalgar Day, 21 October 1971. The date was significant, as "Belfast" was the first naval vessel to be saved for the nation since , Lord Nelson's flagship at the Battle of Trafalgar. Though no longer part of the Royal

neg: Samuel Robbins Samuel Robbins Samuel Robbins (c. 1790 - after 14 January 1806) was a member of the crew of HMS Victory at the Battle of Trafalgar. Robbins was born in London, England and served on HMS Victory from 2 April 1805 till he was discharged on 14 January 1806, meaning that he served during, and survived the Battle of Trafalgar. Samuel lived the first twelve years of his life in Britain before volunteering or being impressed into service on HMS "Victory". Robbins then spent about one year in service on HMS "Victory", serving during the Battle of Trafalgar, as a powder

neg: Canada-class submarine was looking at purchasing the design of either the French or the British . However, neither design met the SOR, with the "Rubis" class being noisy underwater and slow and the "Trafalgar" class having only five torpedo tubes and requiring US permission to transfer the nuclear propulsion technology. However, the French brought back a revision to their design, added an "ice pick" so the submarine could operate under ice and were developing a modification for their torpedo tubes which were too short to use the Mark 48 torpedoes. The British "Trafalgar" design team did not take Canada's plan seriously and

neg: History of the Italian Republic Forza Italia teamed up with the League in the North, where they competed against National Alliance, and with National Alliance in the rest of Italy, where the League was not present. This unusual coalition configuration was caused by the deep hate between the League, which had many supporters who wanted to separate from the rest of Italy and held Rome in deep contempt, and the nationalist post-fascists; on one occasion, Bossi encouraged his supporters to go find National Alliance supporters "house by house," seemingly suggesting a lynching (which however did not actually take place). The left-wing parties formed a coalition,

neg: HMS Trafalgar (S107) HMS Trafalgar (S107) HMS "Trafalgar" is a decommissioned of the Royal Navy. Unlike the rest of the "Trafalgar"-class boats that followed, she was not launched with a pump-jet propulsion system, but with a conventional 7-bladed propeller. "Trafalgar" was the fifth vessel of the Royal Navy to bear the name, after the 1805 Battle of Trafalgar. In 2012 a Royal Navy submariner was jailed for 8 years for trying "to pass secrets to the Russians that could have undermined Britain's national security"; One element of this was information on "a secret operation undertaken by HMS "Trafalgar"." After Operation Veritas, the attack

neg: HMS Trafalgar (S107) with tracing paper, to prevent students marking it. "Trafalgar" was decommissioned on 4 December 2009 at Devonport. HMS Trafalgar (S107) HMS "Trafalgar" is a decommissioned of the Royal Navy. Unlike the rest of the "Trafalgar"-class boats that followed, she was not launched with a pump-jet propulsion system, but with a conventional 7-bladed propeller. "Trafalgar" was the fifth vessel of the Royal Navy to bear the name, after the 1805 Battle of Trafalgar. In 2012 a Royal Navy submariner was jailed for 8 years for trying "to pass secrets to the Russians that could have undermined Britain's national security"; One element

neg: International Fleet Review 2005 International Fleet Review 2005 The International Fleet Review was the most recent Royal Navy review, continuing a tradition going back to the 15th century. It took place on 28 June 2005, as part of the "Trafalgar 200" celebrations to commemorate the 200th anniversary of the Battle of Trafalgar in 1805. For the celebrations to mark Her Majesty's Diamond Jubilee in 2012, instead of a Fleet Review such as marked that of Queen Victoria, there was a cavalcade of boats down the Thames. During the afternoon of 28 June 2005 Queen Elizabeth II, as Lord High Admiral of the United Kingdom,

neg: International Fleet Review 2005 HMS "Victory", and with a red and a blue side rather than French and British ones), now known to be one of the largest firework displays in recorded history. International Fleet Review 2005 The International Fleet Review was the most recent Royal Navy review, continuing a tradition going back to the 15th century. It took place on 28 June 2005, as part of the "Trafalgar 200" celebrations to commemorate the 200th anniversary of the Battle of Trafalgar in 1805. For the celebrations to mark Her Majesty's Diamond Jubilee in 2012, instead of a Fleet Review such as marked that of