query: who was defeated in second battle of tarain

pos: Battles of Tarain Tarain (1216) and then executed him at Budaun in the same year. Battles of Tarain The Battles of Tarain, also known as the Battles of Taraori, were fought in 1191 and 1192 near the town of Tarain (Taraori), near Thanesar in present-day Haryana, approximately 150 kilometres north of Delhi, India, between a Ghurid force led by Mu'izz al-Din and a Chauhan Rajput army led by Prithviraj Chauhan. In 1191, Mu'izz al-Din captured the fortress of Bhatinda in East Punjab, which was on the frontier of Prithiviraj Chauhan's domains. Prithviraj marched on to Bhatinda and met his enemy at a place

pos: History of India famous ruler of this dynasty was Prithviraj Chauhan. His reign marked one of the most significant moments in Indian history; his battles with Muslim Sultan, Muhammad Ghori. In the First Battle of Tarain, Ghori was defeated with heavy losses. However, the Second Battle of Tarain saw the Rajput army eventually defeated, laying the foundation of Muslim rule in mainland India. The Mewar dynasty under Maharana Hammir defeated and captured Muhammad Tughlaq with the Bargujars as his main allies. Tughlaq had to pay a huge ransom and relinquish all of Mewar's lands. After this event, the Delhi Sultanate did not attack

pos: Prithviraj Chauhan successes against several neighbouring Hindu kingdoms, most notably against the Chandela king Paramardi. He also repulsed the early invasions by Muhammad of Ghor, a ruler of the Muslim Ghurid dynasty. However, in 1192 CE, the Ghurids defeated Prithviraj at the Second battle of Tarain. His defeat at Tarain is seen as a landmark event in the Islamic conquest of India, and has been described in several semi-legendary accounts. The most popular of these accounts is "Prithviraj Raso", which presents him as a "Rajput", although the Rajput identity did not exist during his time. The extant inscriptions from Prithviraj's reign are

pos: Middle kingdoms of India the leading state in Northern India under King Prithviraj III (1165–1192 CE), also known as Prithvi Raj Chauhan or Rai Pithora. Prithviraj III has become famous in folk tales and historical literature as the Chauhan king of Delhi who resisted and repelled the invasion by Mohammed of Ghor at the first Battle of Tarain in 1191. Armies from other Rajput kingdoms, including Mewar, assisted him. The Chauhan kingdom collapsed after Prithviraj and his armies fled from Mohammed of Ghor in 1192 at the Second Battle of Tarain. The Kachwaha originated as tributaries of the preceding powers of the region. Some

pos: Dasharatha Sharma defeated at the Second Battle of Tarain, follows the 13th-century Rajput struggle for survival, and discusses the Rajput resurgence represented by Maharana Kumbha and Rao Jodha. In 1960, Sharma was appointed by the Rajasthan State Archives as General Editor of a comprehensive history of Rajasthan to be published by the Government of Rajasthan. This became the definitive work on the history of Rajasthan. Titled "Rajasthan through the Ages" this work was largely written by Sharma and was published in 1966. "Samrat Prithiviraj Chauhan tritiya aur unka yug" (in Hindi) is an updated text on the last Hindu king of Delhi.

pos: Battles of Tarain Ghurid army initiates battle by attacking with cavalry who launch arrows at the Rajput center. The forces of Prithviraj counter-attack from three sides and dominate the battle, pressuring the Ghurid army into a withdrawal. Meanwhile, Mu'izz al-Din is wounded in personal combat with Prithviraj's brother, Govind Tai. The victory of Prithviraj was decisive, he inflicted the crushing defeat on Mu'izz ad-Din by completely routing his forces and succeeded in stopping the Ghurid advance towards Hindustan in the first battle of Tarain. He did not pursue Ghori's army either not wanting to invade hostile territory or misjudging Ghori's ambition, instead electing

pos: Fatehabad district for protecting the area against Mongol incursions. The area of Agroha passed under Mongol rule after the defeat of Prithviraj Chauhan III in the Second Battle of Tarain (1192). After the Battle of Tarain, Sultan Shihab-ud-din Muhammad Ghuri placed one of his generals in the Indian campaigns. But it appears that any meaningful control could not be established. Seizing the opportunity, a Rajput clan, Jatus, a branch of Tomar/Tanwar Rajputs, widely extended their power in Fatehabad area including Agroha. Firuz (1351–88) shot these areas into prominence. The ruler came to have somewhat unusual fancy for the tract (Hisar). He established

pos: History of Idar History of Idar Idar is a historical town in Sabarkantha district of north Gujarat, India. Recorded in epic history and ruled by Bhils and descendants of Maitraka of Vallabhi, its history traced back to the 7th century. The region was ruled by Rajput clans. Initially Parihar Rajput refounded Idar and ruled until its chief died in the second battle of Tarain in 1192. Idar then fell into the hands of a Koli named Hathi Sora who was succeeded by his son Samalio. The latter was killed by a Rathod prince named Sonangji, who occupied Idar, and became the founder of

pos: History of Idar of Sabarkantha in 2013, Modasa became capital of new district. History of Idar Idar is a historical town in Sabarkantha district of north Gujarat, India. Recorded in epic history and ruled by Bhils and descendants of Maitraka of Vallabhi, its history traced back to the 7th century. The region was ruled by Rajput clans. Initially Parihar Rajput refounded Idar and ruled until its chief died in the second battle of Tarain in 1192. Idar then fell into the hands of a Koli named Hathi Sora who was succeeded by his son Samalio. The latter was killed by a Rathod prince

pos: Battles of Tarain Tarain (1216) and then executed him at Budaun in the same year. Battles of Tarain The Battles of Tarain, also known as the Battles of Taraori, were fought in 1191 and 1192 near the town of Tarain (Taraori), near Thanesar in present-day Haryana, approximately 150 kilometres north of Delhi, India, between a Ghurid force led by Mu'izz al-Din and a Chauhan Rajput army led by Prithviraj Chauhan. In 1191, Mu'izz al-Din captured the fortress of Bhatinda in East Punjab, which was on the frontier of Prithiviraj Chauhan's domains. Prithviraj marched on to Bhatinda and met his enemy at a place

pos: Battles of Tarain Battles of Tarain The Battles of Tarain, also known as the Battles of Taraori, were fought in 1191 and 1192 near the town of Tarain (Taraori), near Thanesar in present-day Haryana, approximately 150 kilometres north of Delhi, India, between a Ghurid force led by Mu'izz al-Din and a Chauhan Rajput army led by Prithviraj Chauhan. In 1191, Mu'izz al-Din captured the fortress of Bhatinda in East Punjab, which was on the frontier of Prithiviraj Chauhan's domains. Prithviraj marched on to Bhatinda and met his enemy at a place called Tarain (also called Taraori) near the ancient town of Thanesar. The

pos: Pajawan Pajawan Pajawan or Pajjun was Kachwaha Rajput ruler of Dhundhar with his capital at Amber, India. He was fifth Kachwaha ruler of this area. He was married to Prithviraj Chauhan's cousin. He was prominent and trusted general of Prithviraj Chauhan. According to the "Prithviraj Raso" and literature about kushwaha/Kachwahas it is found that army of Muhammad of Ghor was defeated by Prithviraj Chauhan many times before two main battles of Tarain. Two of such battles were at Hansi and Nagour. Pajawan played major role in these battles. Prithviraj Chauhan attacked Raja Parmardi Chandel of Mahoba. Pajawan was also with him

pos: Pajawan ullage" "Hinduwan aaj tuti dhili, aaj turkani ucchatiya" "Kachwaha Pajjun marata thakan,manu chap gun tuttiya" Pajawan Pajawan or Pajjun was Kachwaha Rajput ruler of Dhundhar with his capital at Amber, India. He was fifth Kachwaha ruler of this area. He was married to Prithviraj Chauhan's cousin. He was prominent and trusted general of Prithviraj Chauhan. According to the "Prithviraj Raso" and literature about kushwaha/Kachwahas it is found that army of Muhammad of Ghor was defeated by Prithviraj Chauhan many times before two main battles of Tarain. Two of such battles were at Hansi and Nagour. Pajawan played major role in

pos: Battles of Tarain to retake the fortress of Bhatinda. On his return to Ghazni, Mu'izz al-Din made preparations to avenge his defeat. When he reached Lahore, he sent his envoy to Prithviraj to demand his submission, but the Chauhan ruler refused to comply. Prithviraj saw through Mu'izz al-Din's stratagem and issued a fervent appeal to his fellow Rajput chiefs to come to his aid against the Muslim invader. According to Firishta, the Rajput army consisted of 3,000 elephants, 300,000 cavalry and infantry, most likely a gross exaggeration. Minhaj-i-Siraj, stated Mu'izz al-Din brought 120,000 fully armored men to battle. The battle occurred in the

neg: Chahamanas of Shakambhari defeated the Ghurid king Muhammad of Ghor at the first Battle of Tarain. However, the next year, he was defeated at the second Battle of Tarain, and subsequently killed. Muhammad of Ghor appointed Prithviraja's son Govindaraja IV as a vassal. Prithviraja's brother Hariraja dethroned him, and regained control of a part of his ancestral kingdom. Hariraja was defeated by the Ghurids in 1194 CE. Govindaraja was granted the fief of Ranthambore by the Ghurids. There, he established a new branch of the dynasty. The Chahamanas commissioned a number of Hindu temples, several of which were destroyed by the Ghurid invaders

neg: History of Rajasthan empires. It was a part of the Maurya Empire around 321-184 BCE. Prithviraj Chauhan defeated the invading Muhammad Ghori in the first battle of Tarain in 1191. In 1192 CE,Muhammad Ghori decisively defeated Prithviraj at the Second battle of Tarain. After the defeat of Chauhan in 1192 CE, a part of Rajasthan came under Muslim rulers. The principal centers of their powers were Nagaur and Ajmer. Ranthambhor was also under their suzerainty. At the beginning of the 13th century, the most prominent and powerful state of Rajasthan was Mewar. The Rajputs resisted the Muslim incursions into India, although a number

neg: Hasan Nizami well-regarded by medieval historians for its detailed descriptions. The 14th century chronicler Ziauddin Barani counts him among the trustworthy historians of the Delhi Sultanate. The "Tajul-Ma'asir" begins with the Second Battle of Tarain in which the Ghurids defeated the Hindu king Prithviraja III. The book doesn't mention the First Battle of Tarain, in which the Ghurids were defeated, as this would have offended Qutb al-Din Aibak. The book then describes how Qutb al-Din (then a Ghurid general) was awarded the governorship of the newly conquered territory in India. Next, the book provides details about the subsequent military career of Qutb

neg: Qila Rai Pithora and city existed with the fort, while older Lal Kot served as the citadel. Prithvi Raj Chauhan ruled Delhi for 30 Years until Afghans started attacking in 1190s. He valiantly defeated Muhammad Ghori in the First Battle of Tarain in 1191. Prithvi Raj Chauhan became over confident. Muhammad Ghori re-organised his forces and defeated Prithviraj in the Second Battle of Tarain, ending their dynasty. Before returning, Muhammad Ghori appointed his slave general Qutubuddin Aibak to look into the matters of this region. This in turn established Muslim rule in India, with his Mamluk dynasty also known as Slave dynasty, the

neg: Rajput resistance to Muslim conquests Prithviraj Chauhan. Muhammad Ghori was the Muslim king from Afghanistan. He wasn't aware of the power of the Chauhans. During the First Battle of Tarain, Ghori was defeated with heavy losses. However, the Second Battle of Tarain was won by Ghori because of betrayal from Jai Chand as there was enmity between him and Prithviraj. The Delhi Sultanate was founded by Qutb ud din Aybak, Muhammad of Ghor's successor, in the first decade of the 13th century. The Chauhans reestablished themselves at Ranthambore, led by Govinda Chauhan, grandson of Prithviraj III. Jalore was ruled by another branch of Chauhans, the

neg: Chand Bardai Chand Bardai Chand Bardai was an Indian poet, who composed "Prithviraj Raso", an epic poem in Brajbhasa about the life of the Chahamana king Prithviraj Chauhan. The poem presents him as a court poet of Prithviraj. According to it, after Prithviraj was defeated at the Second battle of Tarain and taken to Ghazna by Muhammad of Ghor, Chand Bardai travelled to Ghazna and helped Prithviraj kill Muhammad. The "Prithviraj Raso" was embellished with time and quite a few authors added to it. Only parts of the original manuscript are still intact. There are many versions of Raso but scholars agree

neg: Hisar (city) city. The city later came under the Kushan Empire and the Gupta Empire. In the 12th century, the Chauhan king Prithviraj Chauhan made Hansi, located in the present day Hisar district, his capital and built a fort. It remained a strategic place for Chauhan Empire until Prithviraj was defeated in the Second Battle of Tarain by the invading Ghurid ruler Muhammad Ghori. Hisar was founded in 1354 AD, as 'Hisar-e-Firoza' by Firoz Shah Tughlaq, who reigned over the Sultanate of Delhi from 1351 to 1388. He built a walled fort with four gates, the Delhi Gate and Mori Gate to

neg: Prithviraj Chauhan mention only the second battle of Tarain, in which Prithviraj was defeated. However, the Hindu and Jain writers state that Prithviraj defeated Muhammad multiple times before being killed: While these accounts seem to exaggerate the number, it is possible that more than two engagements took place between the Ghurids and the Chahamanas during Prithviraj's reign. The early victories mentioned by the Hindu and Jain writers probably refer to Prithviraj's successful repulsion of raids by Ghurid generals. During 1190–1191 CE, Muhammad of Ghor invaded the Chahamana territory, and captured Tabarhindah (identified with either Bhatinda or Sirhind). He placed it under the

neg: Nehtaur ruler of Delhi, Prithivi Raj Chauhan. Although his forces captured the Hansi Fort (100 miles West of Panipat and about 130 miles West of Delhi on Delhi-Hisar-Sirsa Road), however Mir Malik Syed Ibrahim Shah attained Shahadat, and was buried within the Fort premises (South West area), where, reportedly, it still exists and is known as Nishanchi’s Mazar. Shahabuddin again returned to India in 1192 after preparing for one year and defeated Prithivi Raj Chauhan in the second battle of Tarain and, subsequently, became the first Muslim ruler to conquer Delhi and establish a Muslim rule in India. He was very

neg: Parthian shot of the Eurasian steppe, including the Scythians, Huns, Turks, Magyars, and Mongols, as well as armies from elsewhere such as the Sassanid clibanarii and cataphracts. The Parthians used the tactic to great effect in their victory over the Roman general Crassus in the Battle of Carrhae. The tactic was also used by Muslim conqueror Muhammad of Ghor in the Second Battle of Tarain in 1192 against Indian elephants and heavy infantry, by Alp Arslan in the Battle of Manzikert in 1071 against the Byzantines, and by Subutai in the Battle of Legnica in 1241 against Polish knights. The term "Parthian

neg: Baba Mukteshwar Puri, Kosli and dynamic Kosal Dev Singh (aged 16) to Thakur Jaswant Singh. Jaswant Singh was impressed with Kaushal singh and married her daughter Laxmi Devi with Kaushal Singh. Then 2nd Battles of Tarain followed in which Kesri Singh and Kaushal Singh fighted for Prithviraj Chauhan against the Muhammad Ghori. It was one of the greatest & Landmark battle in the History of India. After massive Bloodshed, Hindu rulers led by Prithviraj Chauhan got defeated. Maharaj Kesari went missing or was dead. The invaders exploited the Hindus, their wealth and their religious shrines. It is mentioned in Prithviraj Raso. Thakur Jaswant Singh

neg: Chauhan [I]n his writings we really do see the beginnings of modern, regionally based Indian anthropology." The Chauhans were historically a powerful group in the region now known as Rajasthan. For around 400 years from the 7th century CE their strength in Sambhar was a threat to the power-base of the Guhilots in the south-west of the area, as also was the strength of their fellow Agnivanshi clans. They suffered a set-back in 1192 when their leader, Prithviraj Chauhan, was defeated at the Battle of Tarain but this did not signify their demise. The kingdom broke into the Satyapura and Devda

neg: Prithviraj Chauhan charge of Zia-ud-din, the Qazi of Tulak, supported by 1200 horsemen. When Prithviraj learned about this, marched towards Tabarhindah with his feudatories, including Govindaraja of Delhi. According to the 16th century Muslim historian Firishta, his force comprised 200,000 horses and 3,000 elephants. Muhammad's original plan was to return to his base after conquering Tabarhindah, but when he heard about Prithviraj's march, he decided to put up a fight. He set out with an army, and encountered Prithviraj's forces at Tarain. In the ensuing battle, Prithviraj's army decisively defeated the Ghurids. Muhammad of Ghor was injured and forced to retreat. Prithviraj

neg: Narasingha Deva I and became a uniquely aggressive monarch of his era dictating ancient Odisha's military might over eastern India and defending the parts of Central India and the Eastern coast from the invading foreign Turkic forces who had almost subdued all the independent dynastic rulers across India with ease after the fall of Delhi's ruler Prthiviraj Chauhan in the second Battle of Tarain in 1192 AD. Due to his aggressive military policies and strategic decisions, the Gangas were able to establish a complete independent state with a powerful military presence. Not until the next two and half a centuries would the Muslim

neg: Iltutmish and Benaras. Rohilkhand was taken with heavy losses. In 1215-1216, Taj al-Din Yildiz, a Turkic slave commander of the Ghurids, who had been defeated and expelled from Ghazni by the forces of the Khwarezmid Empire, moved towards Punjab and captured Lahore from Qabacha. Yildiz laid claim to the throne of Delhi as the heir to Mu'izz ad-Din Muhammad Ghori. Iltutmish refused, stating: Iltutmish defeated Yildiz at Tarain in January 1216. Yildiz was imprisoned in Badaun and was later executed. In 1217, after the death of Yildiz, Qabacha had retaken Lahore and in response, Iltutmish led his army towards Lahore. Qabacha

neg: Taj al-Din Yildiz days later. In 1214, Yildiz killed Ala al-Din Atsiz, and put the latter's cousin Ala al-Din Ali on the Ghurid throne as his puppet. However, one year later, Muhammad II conquered Firuzkuh and captured Ala al-Din Ali; he shortly marched to Ghazni, where he decisively defeated Yildiz, who fled to Punjab and captured Lahore from Nasir-ud-Din Qabacha. Yildiz later fought the Turkic ruler Iltutmish, and laid claim to the throne of Delhi as the heir to Mu'izz al-Din Muhammad. Iltutmish refused, stating The two armies met at Tarain in January 1216. Yildiz was defeated and taken by Iltutmish, and after

neg: History of Haryana his death, the kingdom of his clansmen, the Pratiharas ruled over a vast region for quite a while from Harsha's adopted capital Kannauj. The region remained strategically important for the rulers of North India even though Thanesar was no more as central as Kannauj. Prithviraj Chauhan established forts at Taraori and Hansi in the 12th century. Muhammad Ghori conquered Haryana after the Second Battle of Tarain. Following his death, the Delhi Sultanate was established that ruled much of India for several centuries. The earliest reference to 'Hariana' occurs in a Sanskrit inscription dated 1328 AD kept in Delhi Museum, which

neg: Thathawata Thathawata Thathawata (Hindi: ठठावता, IAST: Ṭhaṭhāwatā) is a village located in Churu District of Rajasthan state in India. At the 2001 census, the village had a total population of 2500. The Village Thathawata is within the Ratangarh Tehsil in the southeast direction, west of Fatehpur and 3 km southwest of Biramsar village on National Highway. After the victory of last Hindu King of Delhi, Prithviraj III Chauhan, in the Second Battle of Tarain in 1192, The Jats in his army moved to the countryside and settled as cultivators at various places in India. One such Jat soldier was Thatha of

neg: Adhai Din Ka Jhonpra these original temples dated to 11th or 12th century CE. The original building was partially destroyed and converted into a mosque by Qutb-ud-Din-Aibak of Delhi in the late 12th century. According to a local legend, after defeating Vigraharaja's nephew Prithviraja III in the Second Battle of Tarain, Muhammad Ghori passed through Ajmer. There, he saw the magnificent temples, and ordered his slave general Qutb-ud-Din-Aibak to destroy them, and construct a mosque – all within 60 hours (that is, days). The artisans could not build a complete mosque in 60 hours time, but constructed a brick screen wall where Ghori could

neg: Thathawata is one temple of Thakorji, two temples of Goddess Mawali and one "than" (a sacred place) of Gogaji. Thathawata Thathawata (Hindi: ठठावता, IAST: Ṭhaṭhāwatā) is a village located in Churu District of Rajasthan state in India. At the 2001 census, the village had a total population of 2500. The Village Thathawata is within the Ratangarh Tehsil in the southeast direction, west of Fatehpur and 3 km southwest of Biramsar village on National Highway. After the victory of last Hindu King of Delhi, Prithviraj III Chauhan, in the Second Battle of Tarain in 1192, The Jats in his army moved to

neg: Harsawa Harsawa Harsawa (Hindi: हरसावा, IAST: Harsāwā) is a village located in the Sikar district of Shekhawati region, in Rajasthan state, India. Harsawa is within the Fatehpur Tehsil, 8 km south along National Highway-11 from Fatehpur town. Sand dunes of the Thar Desert can be seen from Harsawa. , the village had a total population of 1695. After the defeat of the last Hindu King of Delhi, Prithviraj Chauhan, in the second Battle of Tarain (1192), the Jats in his army moved to the countryside and settled as cultivators at various places in India. Initially Saharan gotra Jats came to this

neg: Hindi literature the royal poet in Ajmer, were the other prominent literary figures in this period. However, after Prithviraj Chauhan's defeat in the Second Battle of Tarain, most literary works belonging to this period were destroyed by the army of Muhammad of Ghor. Very few scriptures and manuscripts from this period are available and their genuineness is also doubted. Some Siddha and Nathpanthi poetical works belonging to this period are also found, but their genuineness is again, doubted. The Siddhas belonged to the Vajrayana, a later Buddhist sect. Some scholars argue that the language of Siddha poetry is not an earlier form

neg: Prithviraja Vijaya he was searching for Sanskrit manuscripts in Kashmir. The manuscript is highly mutilated, and several parts of the text (including the author's name) are missing from it. Although the author's name is missing from the manuscript, Har Bilas Sarda theorized that the text was composed by Jayanaka, who was a court-poet of Prithviraja. This theory is based on the following points: The poem is quoted by the Kashmiri scholar Jayaratha in his "Vimarshini" (c. 1200 CE), so it was definitely composed before this date. The poem mentions Prithviraja's victory over Muhammad of Ghor in the first Battle of Tarain, but

neg: Bathinda the fort thirteen months later in 1191 after the first battle of Tarain. In 1634, a battle named Battle of Lahira (at Lahira in Bathinda) was fought between Guru Hargobind and Mughals. In circa 1754, the town was conquered by Maharaja Ala Singh, the Maharaja of Patiala and since then it followed the history of erstwhile princely state of Patiala. With the dawn of independence and merger of Patiala and East Punjab States into a division called PEPSU, Bathinda become a full-fledged district with headquarters at Bathinda city. As per provisional reports of Census India, population of Bathinda city in

neg: Paramardi Second Battle of Tarain against the Ghurids in 1192 CE. After defeating the Chahamanas (Chauhans) and the Gahadavalas, the Ghurid governor of Delhi planned an invasion of Chandela kingdom. A force led by Qutb al-Din Aibak, and accompanied by strong generals such as Iltutmish, besieged the Chandela fort of Kalanjara in 1202 CE. "Taj-ul-Maasir", written by the Delhi chronicler Hasan Nizami, states that Parmar (Paramardi) initially offered some resistance, but then fled to the safety of the fort. Subsequently, he surrendered before ruler of Delhi, and agreed to be his vassal. He promised to pay a tribute to the Sultan,

neg: Battle of Salher after the first Battle of Tarain (1196) where a Hindu army had won against Muslim invaders in open battle. Most of Shivaji's victories until this battle had been through means of Guerilla warfare, but the Maratha's use of light cavalry on the Salher battlefield against the apparently superior Mughal forces proved effective. This grand victory resulted in the saint Ramdas to write his famous letter to Shivaji in which he addresses him as Gajpati (Lord of Elephants), Haypati (Lord of Cavalry), Gadpati (Lord of Fords), and Jalpati (Master of the High Seas). Although not as a direct outcome of this

neg: Pajawan Prithviraj. He took her with him on a horse and escaped. Pursuing forces of Jaichand got engaged with Pajawan in a fierce battle. It is said that Pajawan fought 64 battles in his life. He was a great warrior. Pajawan was not killed in 1185 at Kannauj but accompanied Prithviraj Chauhan III in the 2nd Battle of Tarain in 1192 and was killed in it. Upon death of Pajawan Chandbardai said: "Aaj rad dhilladi, aaj Dhundhar anathai" "Aaj adin Prithviraj, aaj sanwant bin mathai" "Aaj par dal dal jor, aaj nij dal bhram bhagge" "Aaj mahi bin kasam, aaj marjad

neg: Second Battle of Rellano Ironically, after Madero's fall, Orozco supported his former adversary, Huerta. After Huerta was defeated both men fled to the United States. Orozco was killed while trying to sneak back into Mexico in August 1915. Second Battle of Rellano The Second Battle of Rellano of 22 May 1912 was an engagement of the Mexican Revolution between rebel forces under Pascual Orozco and government troops under General Victoriano Huerta, at the railroad station of Rellano, Chihuahua. The battle was a setback for Orozco, who had defeated another government army at the First Battle of Rellano in March of the same year. After

neg: William Baillie (soldier) Battle of Auldearn in May 1645; two months later he defeated Baillie himself at the Battle of Alford. After this defeat, Baillie tendered his resignation. This was rejected by the Covenanter leaders. Instead a new army was raised. Baillie retained command but was now accompanied by a Committee of War headed by the Earl of Argyll. Against Baillie's advice, a battle with Montrose was forced at the Battle of Kilsyth. Once again, he was defeated - his final involvement against Montrose who was in turn defeated at the Battle of Philiphaugh on 13 September. During the Second Civil War, Baillie

neg: Campaign history of the Roman military him. In the Battle of Forum Gallorum Antony, besieging Caesar's assassin Decimus Brutus in Mutina, defeated the forces of the consul Pansa, who was killed, but Antony was then immediately defeated by the army of the other consul, Hirtius. At the Battle of Mutina Antony was again defeated in battle by Hirtius, who was killed. Although Antony failed to capture Mutina, Decimus Brutus was murdered shortly thereafter. Octavian betrayed his party, and came to terms with Caesarians Antony and Lepidus and on 26 November 43 BC the Second Triumvirate was formed, this time in an official capacity. In 42 BC

neg: Battles of Tarain advance. The remaining Ghurid forces then attack and the Rajputs flee in panic. Prithviraj Chauhan abandons his elephant for a horse and tries to escape. But he is caught a few miles from the battlefield and promptly executed. Mu'izz al-Din barely won against Prithviraj, he followed up this victory by defeating Jayachandra in the Battle of Chandawar, eradicating Buddhism in that area. Later in 1202, his army completes the occupation of Hindustan by taking the province of Bengal. Shamshuddin Iltutmish (1211-1236), the king of the Mamluk dynasty, also known as Slave dynasty, captured Taj al-Din Yildiz in a battle at

neg: Haryana First Battle of Panipat (1526), Babur defeated the Lodis. In the Second Battle of Panipat (1556), Akbar defeated the local Haryanvi Hindu Emperor of Delhi, who belonged to Rewari. Hem Chandra Vikramaditya had earlier won 22 battles across India from Punjab to Bengal, defeating Mughals and Afghans. Hemu had defeated Akbar's forces twice at Agra and the Battle of Delhi in 1556 to become the last Hindu Emperor of India with a formal coronation at Purana Quila in Delhi on 7 October 1556. In the Third Battle of Panipat (1761), the Afghan king Ahmad Shah Abdali defeated the Marathas. Haryana

neg: Battle of Arretium and Gallic army (the Battle of Arretium involved Gauls only). The second battle mentioned by Polybius, in which the Etruscans and Gauls were defeated again and sued for peace, may well correspond with the second battle mentioned by Appian. However, while Polybius places this second battle against an Etrusco-Gallic force in the next year (284 BC), Appian claims that it was won by Gnaeus Domitius Calvinus Maximus, who was the other consul for 283 BC. Appian did not mention the Boii Gauls in the second battle. It does not seem that there is a reference to the battle of Arretium

neg: Battle of Smoliani Battle of Smoliani At the Battle of Smoliani (November 13-14, 1812), the Russians under General Peter Wittgenstein defeated the French forces of Marshal Claude Victor and Marshal Nicholas Oudinot. This battle was the last effort of the French to reestablish their northern flank in Russia, known as the "Dwina Line". Previously, the French had been defeated in this sector at the Second battle of Polotsk (October 18-20, 1812) and at the Battle of Czasniki (October 31, 1812) Upon learning of Victor's defeat at the Battle of Czasniki, Napoleon – who was already distressed about the situation in the north due

neg: Muhammad of Ghor territories in Khorasan. In 1191, Mu'izz proceeded towards Indian Sub-continent through the Khyber Pass in modern-day Pakistan and was successful in reaching Punjab. Mu'izz captured a fortress, Bathinda in present-day Punjab state on the northwestern frontier of Prithvīrāj Chauhān's kingdom. After appointing a Qazi Zia-ud-Din as governor of the fortress, he received the news that Prithviraj's army, led by his vassal prince Govind Tai were on their way to besiege the fortress. The two armies eventually met near the town of Tarain, 14 miles from Thanesar in present-day Haryana. The battle was marked by the initial attack of mounted Mamluk

neg: Shahabad Markanda Shahabad Markanda Shahabad Markanda (Hindi: शाहाबाद मारकंडा Urdu: شاہآباد مارکنڈا) is a town and a municipal committee in Ambala district in the Indian state of Haryana. It is situated on the left bank of the Markanda River, south of Ambala Cantonment and from the historical city Kurukshetra. The other names of the town are Shahabad (Hindi: शाहाबाद), Shahbad (Hindi: शाहबाद) or Shabad (Hindi: शबाद). The town was founded after the Battle of Tarain (Taraori) in 1192 by a general of Shahab-ud-din Muhammad Ghuri. Historically it was a Muslim majority town, with references made to a fort during Mughal times, and

neg: Muslim conquests in the Indian subcontinent Tarain. The following year, Mu'izz al-Din assembled 120,000 horsemen and once again invaded India. Mu'izz al-Din's army met Prithviraj's army again at Tarain, and this time Mu'izz al-Din won; Govindraj was slain, Prithviraj executed and Mu'izz al-Din advanced onto Delhi. Within a year, Mu'izz al-Din controlled Northern Rajasthan and Northern Ganges-Yamuna Doab. After these victories in India, and Mu'izz al-Din's establishment of a capital in Delhi, Multan was also incorporated into his empire. Mu'izz al-Din then returned east to Ghazni to deal with the threat on his eastern frontiers from the Turks and Mongols, whiles his armies continued to advance

neg: Second Battle of Rellano Second Battle of Rellano The Second Battle of Rellano of 22 May 1912 was an engagement of the Mexican Revolution between rebel forces under Pascual Orozco and government troops under General Victoriano Huerta, at the railroad station of Rellano, Chihuahua. The battle was a setback for Orozco, who had defeated another government army at the First Battle of Rellano in March of the same year. After the overthrow of Porfirio Díaz's regime, which he took part in, Pascual Orozco became dissatisfied with the way that Francisco Madero was running Mexico. He was also thwarted in his personal ambitions when Madero

neg: Campaign history of the Roman military was defeated by Octavian at the Battle of Perugia. Her death led to partial reconciliation between Octavian and Antony who went on to crush the army of Sextus Pompeius, the last focus of opposition to the second triumvirate, in the naval Battle of Naulochus. As before, once opposition to the triumvirate was crushed, it started to tear at itself. The triumvirate expired on the last day of 33 BC and was not renewed in law and in 31 BC, war began again. At the Battle of Actium, Octavian decisively defeated Antony and Cleopatra in a naval battle near Greece, using

neg: Battle of Fidentia (82 BC) remained at Faventia with four Legions and waited for and defeated an army commanded by Gaius Norbanus Balbus who marched from Gaul at the Battle of Faventia. After being informed of this victory, Marcus Terentius Varro Lucullus at once attacked the camp of Lucius Quincius, the second in command of Norbanus Balbus who had previously marched to (and was defeated at) Fidentia with 5 Legions. His numerical disadvantage not withstanding, his troops fought bravely and obtained victory, taking the Populare camp. The Populares lost around 18,000 soldiers whilst the Optimates lost relatively few. After this battle, the presence of the

neg: Prithviraja Vijaya that he came from Kashmir to Ajayameru, because the goddess of learning had asked him to serve the incarnation of Vishnu: Prithviraja. (Some of the verses in this part are missing in the manuscript). The poem in the only extant manuscript is incomplete, but it mentions the victory of Prithviraja over Ghori in the first Battle of Tarain. Having been written at the court of Prithviraja, the text is one of the most important sources of information about the Chahamana dynasty. According to Har Bilas Sarda, the historical accuracy of the poem's narrative is supported by historical inscriptions, as well

neg: Roman conquest of the Iberian peninsula defeated, they were joined by the Carthaginian light infantry from the other camp. Both were defeated. Only 2,000 infantry and all the cavalry escaped with Mago almost at the beginning of the battle. Hanno, the second in command, was captured along with those who had joined the battle when it was almost over. Those who escaped reached Hasdrubal in the area of Gades (Cadiz). The newly recruited Celtiberians went back home. The victory stopped the Celtiberians from siding with Carthage. Scipio advanced into Baetica (the area of the River Baetis Guadalquivir, in southern Hispania) to confront Hasdrubal Gisgo who was

neg: Prithviraj Chauhan did not pursue the retreating Ghurid army, not wanting to invade hostile territory or misjudge Ghori's ambition. He only besieged the Ghurid garrison at Tabarhindah, which surrendered after 13 months of siege. Prithviraj seems to have treated the first battle of Tarain as merely a frontier fight. This view is strengthened by the fact that he made little preparations for any future clash with Muhammad of Ghor. According to "Prithviraj Raso", during the period preceding his final confrontation with the Ghurids, he neglected the affairs of the state and spent time in merry-making. Meanwhile, Muhammad of Ghor returned to Ghazna,

neg: Muhammad's wives Huyayy ibn Akhtab, chief of the Jewish tribe Banu Nadir, who was killed at the Battle of the Trench. She had been married first to the poet Sallam ibn Mishkam, who had divorced her, and second to Kenana ibn al-Rabi, a commander. In 628, at the Battle of Khaybar, Banu Nadir was defeated, her husband was executed and she was taken as a prisoner. Muhammad freed her from her captor Dihya and proposed marriage, which Safiyya accepted. According to Martin Lings, Muhammad had given Safiyyah the choice of returning to the defeated Banu Nadir, or becoming Muslim and marrying him,

neg: Campaign history of the Roman military period, Rome responded by simply sending another army. The second consular army duly defeated the Macedonians at the Battle of Pydna in 168 BC and the Macedonians, lacking the reserve of the Romans and with King Perseus captured, duly capitulated, ending the Third Macedonian War. The Fourth Macedonian War, fought from 150 BC to 148 BC, was the final war between Rome and Macedon and began when Andriscus usurped the Macedonian throne. The Romans raised a consular army under Quintus Caecilius Metellus, who swiftly defeated Andriscus at the Second battle of Pydna. Under Lucius Mummius, Corinth was destroyed following a

neg: Johnny Devine Storm, Davey Boy Smith, Jr. and Lance Archer. On April 11, 2016, Devine competed on the second night of the two-night Vendetta Pro Wrestling event 'Casino Royale' in Las Vegas, Nevada. First, he won the Second Chance Battle Royal to get into the night's main event for the Cauliflower Alley Cup. Then, he defeated Tokyo Monster Kahagas (who won the Casino Royale Rumble on the first night) to become the first competitor to win the Cauliflower Alley Cup after winning the Second Chance Battle Royal. Currently XICW Lightheavyweight Champion, Devine has defeated the likes of Tyson Dux and Cody Deaner

neg: Second Battle of Ypres Second Battle of Ypres During World War I, the Battle of Ypres 1915 (2nd Battle of Ypres) was fought from for control of the strategic Flemish town of Ypres in western Belgium. The First Battle of Ypres had been fought the previous autumn. It was the first mass use by Germany of poison gas on the Western Front. It also marked the first time a former colonial force (the 1st Canadian Division) defeated a European power (the German Empire) in Europe (at the battles of St. Julien and Kitcheners' Wood). The eminent German chemist Walther Nernst. who was with the

neg: Brión mac Echach Muigmedóin learn soldiering. On Brión's return after seven years, Mongfind poisoned her brother in order to get the throne for Brión. However, Niall acquired the throne and made Brión his champion and levier of his rents and hostages. Brión took the throne of Connacht leading to war with his brother Fiachrae. Brión defeated Fiachrae at the Battle of Damchluain (near Tuam, County Galway) who was taken captive to Tara. However, Fiachrae's son Nath Í rallied forces and defeated Brión who was slain at a second Battle of Damchluain. Brión was buried at Ross Camm. Fiachrae was released and became the new

neg: William Munro, 12th Baron of Foulis was defeated in battle at Drumchatt by the Munros and Mackenzies, who were the king's allies. This version of events is recorded by early 19th-century historian Donald Gregory and seems to be accepted by modern historians. However, late 19th-century historian Alexander Mackenzie disputes the Munro’s presence at the battle. The second battle at Drumchatt is said to have taken place in 1501 and was fought between the Munros and Mackenzies. According to Alexander Mackenzie, Sir William Munro led a force of 900 men to attack the Mackenzies but were defeated by just 140 Mackenzies. However, there is no historical evidence

neg: Pancho Villa 1914. Villa then fought his erstwhile leader in the coalition against Huerta, "First Chief" of the Constitutionalists Venustiano Carranza. Villa was in alliance with southern revolutionary Emiliano Zapata, who remained fighting in his own region of Morelos. The two revolutionary generals briefly came together to take Mexico City after Carranza's forces retreated from it. Later, Villa's heretofore undefeated División del Norte engaged the military forces of Carranza under Carrancista general Álvaro Obregón and was defeated in the 1915 Battle of Celaya. Villa was again defeated by Carranza, 1 November 1915, at the Second Battle of Agua Prieta, after which Villa's

neg: Second Battle of Vailele British led attack on the two forts. The engagements occurred near the battlefield where Samoan rebels defeated German troops in 1889 during the first civil war on the island. A statue of Ensign Monaghan was erected in Spokane, Washington to commemorate the young officer's bravery. The official report of Monaghan's death reads; Second Battle of Vailele The Second Battle of Vailele was fought during the Second Samoan Civil War in 1899. British, American and Samoan forces loyal to Prince Tanu were defeated by a superior force of Samoan rebels loyal to Mata'afa Iosefo. Fighting occurred at the former German plantation

neg: Hellenistic Greece After Cassander's death in 298 BC, however, Demetrius seized the Macedonian throne and gained control of most of Greece. He was defeated by a second coalition of Greek rulers in 285 BC, and mastery of Greece passed to the king Lysimachus of Thrace. Lysimachus was in turn defeated and killed in 280 BC. The Macedonian throne then passed to Demetrius's son Antigonus II, who also defeated an invasion of the Greek lands by the Gauls, who at this time were living in the Balkans. The battle against the Gauls united the Antigonids of Macedon and the Seleucids of Antioch, an

neg: American Civil War fiercest fighting of the battle—and the second bloodiest day of the Civil War—occurred on May 3 as Lee launched multiple attacks against the Union position at Chancellorsville. That same day, John Sedgwick advanced across the Rappahannock River, defeated the small Confederate force at Marye's Heights in the Second Battle of Fredericksburg, and then moved to the west. The Confederates fought a successful delaying action at the Battle of Salem Church Gen. Hooker was replaced by Maj. Gen. George Meade during Lee's second invasion of the North, in June. Meade defeated Lee at the Battle of Gettysburg (July 1 to 3,

neg: Ajman (tribe) the rise and demise of the various Saudi states. The Ajman were noted for their strength in battle and were important players in the wars and politics of eastern and central Arabia in the 19th and early 20th centuries. Their most famous leader (or "shaikh") during the 19th century was Rakan bin Hithalayn, who is still well known in Arabian tribal lore. He was noted for his poetry as well as aptitude in battle against the Ottoman Turks. The Ajman were defeated by Faisal bin Turki, the second Imam of the Second Saudi State, who later married into the tribe.

neg: Henry VI of England 10 July 1460. The Duke of York was killed by Margaret's forces at the Battle of Wakefield on 30 December 1460, and Henry was rescued from imprisonment following the Second Battle of St Albans on 17 February 1461. By this point, however, Henry was suffering such a bout of madness that he was apparently laughing and singing while the battle raged. He was defeated at the Battle of Towton on 29 March 1461 by the son of the Duke of York, Edward of York, who then became King Edward IV. Edward failed to capture Henry and his queen, who fled

neg: Battle of St Fagans Battle of St Fagans The Battle of St Fagans was a pitched battle in the Second English Civil War in 1648. A detachment from the New Model Army defeated an army of former Parliamentarian soldiers who had rebelled and were now fighting against Parliament. In April 1648, Parliamentarian troops in Wales, who had not been paid for a long time and feared that they were about to be disbanded without their arrears of pay, staged a Royalist rebellion under the command of Colonel John Poyer, the Governor of Pembroke Castle. He was joined by Major-General Rowland Laugharne, his district commander,

neg: Battle of Toro two lines: the first had five battles while the second had one battle], which had many more men than him [Prince John] , and seeing his big battle [centre and left wing] fully agitated (…), it appearing to him that it would be defeated as well, he abandoned everything and quickly sheltered in Zamora with those who were with him. ”" Damião de Góis: "“King Ferdinand, as already told, placed himself in the rearguard of all his army with a small division, but as soon as he knew that Prince John had defeated the first six divisions, and [seeing] the

neg: Mu'nis al-Muzaffar Caliph by the vizier Ibn al-Furat failed, Yusuf confronted Mu'nis in a pitched battle before Ardabil, where Mu'nis was defeated. In the next year, however, Mu'nis defeated Yusuf in a second battle before Ardabil and took him as a prisoner to Baghdad. Yusuf remained captive in Baghdad for three years, while in the meantime, Yusuf's "ghulam" Subuk held power in Adharbayjan, having secured the Caliph's recognition. It was Mu'nis who was responsible for persuading al-Muqtadir to release Yusuf in 922 and restore him to his old position, this time as a servant of the Abbasid government. In 920–922, Mu'nis was

neg: Mabitac, Laguna by legislation, but by mutual agreement by and between the Spanish friars of both towns who were then the influential ruling class. Mabitac was the site of a battle in the Philippine-American War, when on September 17, 1900, Filipinos under General Juan Cailles defeated an American force commanded by Colonel Benjamin F. Cheatham. In 1942, Japanese soldiers entered and occupied Mabitac. In 1945, the Philippine Commonwealth Army troops of the 4th, 42nd and 43rd Infantry Division and 4th Constabulary Regiment of the Philippine Constabulary together with the recognized guerrillas defeated the Japanese Imperial forces during the Second Battle of Mabitac.

neg: Battle of Mannheim (1799) Basel while Hotze was on his left with 23,000 Austrians holding the line of the Linth River. On Hotze's left was Franz Jellacic with a force near Chur. Seeing Charles move away from Switzerland, Masséna prepared to strike with 49,098 troops. On 25 September, Masséna defeated Korsakov in the Second Battle of Zurich. The French suffered 4,000 casualties but inflicted losses of 6,000 killed and wounded on the Russians. The French also seized 2,000 prisoners, 26 guns, 407 wagons and 10 colors. On the same day, Soult launched a surprise crossing the Linth River and defeated Hotze who was killed.

neg: Castiglione delle Stiviere duc de Vendôme occupied the town. In 1706, in the first Battle of Castiglione a French army under Jacques Eléonor Rouxel de Grancey defeated here a Hessian army led by Frederick I, Landgrave of Hesse-Kassel. During the siege of Mantua in 1796, the Austrians under Dagobert Sigmund von Wurmser were defeated here in the second Battle of Castiglione by the revolutionary French army under General Augereau, later Marshal of France, who in 1808 was created Duke of Castiglione by Emperor Napoleon I, a hereditary victory title (so there never was an actual territorial duchy attached to it) extinguished in 1915.

neg: Iron Chef America Anne Burrell, Robert Irvine, among others. The December 18 battle in Kitchen Stadium featured Geoffrey Zakarian and Elizabeth Falkner. Zakarian prevailed and was named the winner. His first battle aired on December 25, 2011 during which he emerged victorious, being the second chef ever to receive a perfect overall score of 60 on "Iron Chef America". The fifth season of "The Next Iron Chef" in November 2012 featured 8 chefs who had previously competed on the show, plus 2 newcomers. In the final battle, Alex Guarnaschelli defeated Amanda Freitag, becoming the second female Iron Chef, as well as the first

neg: Idar Vadali or Vadari was the capital of a family of chiefs claiming descent from Raja Bhara Gupta, whom the General believed to be the same as the above-mentioned Bappa. According to tradition, Idar was refounded by Parihar Rajputs, who, subject to Chittor, ruled there for several generations. Towards the close of the twelfth century, the Idar chief took part with Prithviraj Chauhan, king of Delhi, against the Ghurid Sultanate and was killed in the Battles of Tarain (1192). Idar then fell into the hands of a Koli king named Hathi Sora who was succeeded by his son Samalio. The latter

neg: History of the Roman Constitution Lepidus, they formed an alliance known as the Second Triumvirate, and held powers that were nearly identical to the powers that Caesar had held under his constitution. While the conspirators who had assassinated Caesar were defeated at the Battle of Philippi in 42 BC, the peace that resulted was only temporary. Antony and Octavian fought against each other in one last battle in 31 BC. Antony was defeated, and in 30 BC he committed suicide. In 29 BC, Octavian returned to Rome as the unchallenged master of the state. The reign of Octavian, whom history remembers as Augustus, the first

neg: Battle of St Fagans been even more so if Laugharne's field army had not been effectively destroyed at St Fagans. Battle of St Fagans The Battle of St Fagans was a pitched battle in the Second English Civil War in 1648. A detachment from the New Model Army defeated an army of former Parliamentarian soldiers who had rebelled and were now fighting against Parliament. In April 1648, Parliamentarian troops in Wales, who had not been paid for a long time and feared that they were about to be disbanded without their arrears of pay, staged a Royalist rebellion under the command of Colonel John

neg: History of Haryana in India. In the Second Battle of Panipat (5 November 1556), Akbar's general Bairam Khan defeated Hemu, the local Haryanvi who grew up in Rewari. Hemu, who belonged to Rewari in Haryana, rose from a businessman to become advisor to Afghan kings and then Prime Minister-cum-Chief of Army. He fought and won 22 battles in between 1553 and 1556, from Punjab to Bengal against Afghans and Mughals and won all of them without losing any. Hemu defeated Akbar's army at Tughlaqabad in Battle of Delhi-1556 and became king at Delhi on 7 October 1556 declaring himself as Vikramaditya following the

neg: Battle of Qatwan this battle, told during the Second Crusade, filtered back to the Holy Land, inspiring stories of Prester John. Battle of Qatwan The Battle of Qatwan was fought in September 1141 between the Qara Khitai and the Seljuq Empire and its vassal-state the Kara-Khanids. The Seljuqs were decisively defeated, which signalled the beginning of the end of the Great Seljuk Empire. The Khitans were a Mongolian people of the Liao Dynasty who moved west from Northern China when the Jurchens invaded and destroyed the Liao Dynasty in 1125. They were led by Yelü Dashi who took the Eastern Karakhanid capital of

neg: Iron Chef faced off against each other in a three-part battle, with the winner to face French chef Alain Passard, owner of Michelin three-star restaurant L’Arpege, with the winner dubbed the "King of Iron Chefs". In the first round, Iron Chef Chinese Chen defeated Iron Chef Italian Kobe in Battle Pork (Tokyo X). In the second round Iron Chef French Sakai defeated Iron Chef Japanese Morimoto in Battle Bell Pepper. In the final match, Sakai defeated Chen in Battle Homard Lobster and was dubbed "King of Iron Chefs". Prior to that episode, Sakai had never won a lobster battle. In the final

neg: Mustafa II On 18 September 1695 the Venetian Navy was again defeated in the naval victory of Zeytinburnu. A few days later the Habsburg army was defeated in the Battle of Lugos. Afterwards the Ottoman Army returned to the capital. Meanwhile, the Ottoman fortress in Azov was successfully defended against the besieging Russian forces. In April 1696 Mustafa II left Edirne for his second military campaign against the Habsburg Empire. In August 1696 the Russians besieged Azov for the second time and captured the fortress. In August 1696 the Ottoman troops defeated the Habsburg army in the Battle of Ulaş and in

neg: First Battle of Rellano Second Battle of Rellano fortunes turned and Huerta defeated Orozco (who attempted to use a variation on the "loco loco" trick which had worked for him before). Subsequently, the rebellion collapsed and Orozco was forced to seek safety in the United States. First Battle of Rellano The First Battle of Rellano was an engagement on 24 March 1912 during the Mexican Revolution at the Rellano railroad station, in the state of Chihuahua. It was fought between government troops loyal to Francisco I. Madero, led by General José González Salas, and rebel troops under Pascual Orozco. The battle was a victory

neg: Second Battle of Villers-Bretonneux British units attacked frontally and suffered many casualties. By 25 April, the town had been recaptured and handed back to the villagers. The battle was a great success for the Allies, who had defeated the German attempt to capture Amiens and recaptured Villers-Bretonneux while outnumbered; the village remained in Allied hands to the end of the war. According to a chapter by Romain Fathi in "New Directions in War and History", edited by Tristan Moss and Thomas Richardson, the role of the Moroccan Division at the Second Battle of Villers-Bretonneux has been neglected by Australian popular historians. In the work,

neg: Robert Munro, 6th Baron of Foulis well have had Munros with him when he was captured at the Battle of Dunbar (1296). It was the Earl's son "Sir Walter the Ros" who fought at the Battle of Bannockburn in 1314 where the Scottish army defeated the English and Robert Munro is said to have fought there with him. General Stewart later included the Munros in the list of Highland clans who fought at Bannockburn. Robert Munro is said to have survived the battle but according to tradition his son George was killed and Robert was therefore later succeeded by his grandson, also called George. Robert's second

neg: Military history of China before 1911 the Mongols and Japanese and expanding China's influence. However, with the little Ice Age in the 17th century, the Ming Dynasty was faced with a disastrous famine and its military forces disintegrated as a result of the famines spurring from this event. The Chinese defeated the Portuguese at the First Battle of Tamao (1521) and at the Second Battle of Tamao (1522) Chinese ships knocked out two Portuguese ships, who were armed with gunpowder weapons, and forced the Portuguese to retreat. The Ming dynasty defeated the Dutch in the Sino–Dutch conflicts in 1622-1624 over the Penghu islands and at the

neg: Yoko Takahashi (fighter) On at "G-Shooto Japan 04" Takahashi had a third match against Marloes Coenen, who once again defeated Takahashi, submitting her with an armbar in 39 seconds. At Deep's event "CMA festival: Japan vs. South Korea total war" held on , Takahashi defeated South Korean kickboxer Yong Joo Lee with a heel hook submission in the second round. On at "Smackgirl 2006: Top Girl Battle" Takahashi defeated Michiko Takeda via submission (rear naked choke) in the first round. As her team had recently been disbanded, in this fight Takahashi fought as a freelance with no team. Takahashi was defeated in her

neg: Battle of Issus It was the first time the Persian army had been defeated with the King (Darius III at the time) present. After the battle, the Hellenes captured Darius' wife, Stateira I, his daughters, Stateira II and Drypetis, and his mother, Sisygambis, all of whom had accompanied Darius on his campaign. Alexander, who later married Stateira II, treated the captured women with great respect. Battle of Issus The Battle of Issus occurred in southern Anatolia, on November 5, 333 BC between the Hellenic League led by Alexander the Great and the Achaemenid Empire, led by Darius III, in the second great battle

neg: Skanderbeg failed. Later that same year, two other Ottoman armies appeared on the borders. The commander of one of the Ottoman armies was Ballaban Pasha, who, together with Jakup Bey, the commander of the second army, planned a double-flank envelopment. Skanderbeg, however, attacked Ballaban's forces at the Second Battle of Vajkal, where the Ottomans were defeated. This time, all Ottoman prisoners were slain in an act of revenge for the previous execution of Albanian captains. The other Ottoman army, under the command of Jakup Bey, was also defeated some days later in Kashari field near Tirana. In 1466, Sultan Mehmed II

neg: Second Battle of Tembien Second Battle of Tembien The Second Battle of Tembien was a battle fought on the northern front of what was known as the Second Italo-Abyssinian War. This battle consisted of attacks by Italian forces under Marshal Pietro Badoglio on Ethiopian forces under "Ras" Kassa Haile Darge and "Ras" Seyoum Mangasha. This battle was primarily fought in the area around the Tembien Province. The Ethiopeans were decisively defeated, and their armies destroyed as effective fighting forces in the rout. The battle is notable for the Italian aerial supremacy and for their largescale use of mustard gas. On 3 October 1935, General

neg: Battle of Assaye Battle of Assaye The Battle of Assaye was a major battle of the Second Anglo-Maratha War fought between the Maratha Empire and the British East India Company. It occurred on 23 September 1803 near Assaye in western India where an outnumbered Indian and British force under the command of Major General Arthur Wellesley (who later became the Duke of Wellington) defeated a combined Maratha army of Daulat Scindia and the Raja of Berar. The battle was the Duke of Wellington's first major victory and one he later described as his finest accomplishment on the battlefield, even more so than his

neg: Battle of Assaye Battle of Assaye The Battle of Assaye was a major battle of the Second Anglo-Maratha War fought between the Maratha Empire and the British East India Company. It occurred on 23 September 1803 near Assaye in western India where an outnumbered Indian and British force under the command of Major General Arthur Wellesley (who later became the Duke of Wellington) defeated a combined Maratha army of Daulat Scindia and the Raja of Berar. The battle was the Duke of Wellington's first major victory and one he later described as his finest accomplishment on the battlefield, even more so than his

neg: Battle of Cadfan Edward, however, was forced to pull his armies out of Wales due to internal conflicts in England. Llywelyn retaliated by campaigning against the English Marcher Lords in a devastating campaign which led King Henry (who had been considerably weakened by the Second Barons' War) to open negotiations with Llywelyn at the Treaty of Montgomery which won Llywelyn much land at the expense of the defeated Marcher Lords. Battle of Cadfan The Battle of Cadfan was a combat in warfare between English and Welsh forces fought in 1257. The Battle consisted of two military engagements; one at Coed Llathen and the

neg: Peruvian War of Independence of Rancagua. In 1817 following the royalist defeat in the Battle of Chacabuco, the second expedition against the Chilean Patriots in 1818 was an attempt to restore the monarchy. Initially it was successful in the Second Battle of Cancha Rayada, the expedition was finally defeated by José de San Martín in the Battle of Maipú. To begin the liberation of Peru, Argentina and Chile signed a treaty on February 5, 1819 to prepare for the invasion. General José de San Martín believed that the liberation of Argentina wouldn't be secure until the royalist stronghold in Peru was defeated. Following the

neg: Insubres defeated Publius Scipius at the Battle of Ticinum, in Insubre territory and the other consul, Tiberius Sempronius Longus, at the Battle of the Trebia, near Placentia. Hannibal wintered near Placentia and then moved on to central and southern Italy. We next hear of the Gauls during the Second Punic War in relation to the Battle of the Metaurus (207 BC). Hannibal's brother, Hasdrubal Barca, was bringing reinforcements from Spain for his brother who was in southern Italy. He passed through northern Italy and recruited Gallic soldiers. Hasdrubal's forces, including his Gauls were routed at this battle in central Italy. At

neg: Margaret of Anjou executions despite popular belief to the contrary. She followed up with a victory at the Second Battle of St Albans (at which she was present) on 17 February 1461. In this battle, she defeated the Yorkist forces of Richard Neville, 16th Earl of Warwick, and recaptured her husband. It was after this battle that she, in a blatant act of vengeance, ordered the execution of two Yorkist prisoners of war, William Bonville, 1st Baron Bonville, and Sir Thomas Kyriell, who had kept watch over King Henry to keep him out of harm's way during the battle. The king had promised

neg: Battle of Gujrat Battle of Gujrat The Battle of Gujrat was a decisive battle in the Second Anglo-Sikh War, fought on 21 February 1849, between the forces of the East India Company, and a Sikh army in rebellion against the Company's control of the Sikh Empire, represented by the child Maharaja Duleep Singh who was in British custody in Lahore. The Sikh army was defeated by the British regular and Bengal Army forces of the British East India Company. After it capitulated a few days later, the Punjab was annexed to the East India Company's territories and Duleep Singh was deposed. After the

neg: Asfawossen Kassa Asfawossen Kassa Asfawossen Kassa (1913 – 21 December 1936) was an army commander and a member of the Royal family of the Ethiopian Empire. Prince ("Leul") Asfawossen Kassa was the third son of Duke ("Ras") Kassa Haile Darge. Kassa Haile Darge was a loyal ally of Negus Tafari Makonnen, who ultimately was crowned Emperor Haile Selassie I of Ethiopia. During the Second Italo-Ethiopian War, Asfawossen Kassa fought for his father. At the Second Battle of Tembien, the armies of his father and "Ras" Seyum Mangasha were defeated in battle and bombed out of existence as they withdrew. During the early

neg: Battle of Hysiae (c.669 BC) was packed by the proto-phalanx invented perhaps by Pheidon, and where the army perished. This was the first Battle of Hysiae, not to be confused the second battle nearly 2 centuries later in 417 BC. IT is described by the ancient travel-writer Pausanias (2.24.7), who writes as follows The chronology of Pausanias would suggest that the battle was fought in 669/8 BCE. All that is known is that the Argives defeated the Lacedaemonians. Some (Andrewes) have suggested that this Argive defeat of Sparta occurred when Pheidon was king (or tyrant) of Argos, since Pheidon was famed for his military success

neg: Second Punic War at the Battle of Utica (203 BC) and defeated them with complete success. Scipio broke out into the Carthaginian hinterland and a second Carthaginian-Numidian army was attacked and destroyed at the Battle of the Great Plains in 203 BC. King Syphax of the Massaesylians (western Numidians), was defeated and taken prisoner after the Battle of Cirta. Masinissa, a Numidian rival of Syphax and, at that time, an ally of the Romans, seized a large part of his kingdom with their help. These setbacks persuaded some in the Carthaginian Senate that it was time to sue for peace. Others pleaded for