query: a group of objects orbiting between mars and jupiter

pos: Asteroid belt Asteroid belt The asteroid belt is the circumstellar disc in the Solar System located roughly between the orbits of the planets Mars and Jupiter. It is occupied by numerous irregularly shaped bodies called asteroids or minor planets. The asteroid belt is also termed the main asteroid belt or main belt to distinguish it from other asteroid populations in the Solar System such as near-Earth asteroids and trojan asteroids. About half the mass of the belt is contained in the four largest asteroids: Ceres, Vesta, Pallas, and Hygiea. The total mass of the asteroid belt is approximately 4% that of the

pos: Trojan (celestial body) the jovian trojans are about as numerous as the asteroids of the asteroid belt. Later on, objects were found orbiting near the Lagrangian points of Neptune, Mars, Earth, Uranus, and Venus. Minor planets at the Lagrangian points of planets other than Jupiter may be called Lagrangian minor planets. Whether or not a system of star, planet, and trojan is stable depends on how large the perturbations are to which it is subject. If, for example, the planet is the mass of Earth, and there is also a Jupiter-mass object orbiting that star, the trojan's orbit would be much less stable

pos: Asteroid belt orbits have a high inclination. Some members belong to the Mars-crossing category of asteroids, and gravitational perturbations by Mars are likely a factor in reducing the total population of this group. Another high-inclination group in the inner part of the asteroid belt is the Phocaea family. These are composed primarily of S-type asteroids, whereas the neighboring Hungaria family includes some E-types. The Phocaea family orbit between 2.25 and 2.5 AU from the Sun. Skirting the outer edge of the asteroid belt is the Cybele group, orbiting between 3.3 and 3.5 AU. These have a 7:4 orbital resonance with Jupiter. The

pos: Asteroid in the outer asteroid belt, at distances greater than 2.6 AU. Most were later ejected by Jupiter, but those that remained may be the D-type asteroids, and possibly include Ceres. Various dynamical groups of asteroids have been discovered orbiting in the inner Solar System. Their orbits are perturbed by the gravity of other bodies in the Solar System and by the Yarkovsky effect. Significant populations include: The majority of known asteroids orbit within the asteroid belt between the orbits of Mars and Jupiter, generally in relatively low-eccentricity (i.e. not very elongated) orbits. This belt is now estimated to contain between

pos: 573 Recha 573 Recha Recha (minor planet designation: 573 Recha) is a minor planet orbiting the Sun. It is in the asteroid belt, orbiting between Mars and Jupiter. The asteroid, discovered by German astronomer Max Wolf on September 19, 1905, was named after a character in Gotthold Ephraim Lessing's play "Nathan the Wise". Photometric observations at the Palmer Divide Observatory in Colorado Springs, Colorado from 2001–2006 were used to build a light curve for this object. The asteroid displayed a rotation period of 7.15 ± 0.01 hours and a brightness variation of 0.20 ± 0.02 in magnitude. This is a member of

pos: 573 Recha the dynamic Eos family of asteroids that most likely formed as the result of a collisional breakup of a parent body. 573 Recha Recha (minor planet designation: 573 Recha) is a minor planet orbiting the Sun. It is in the asteroid belt, orbiting between Mars and Jupiter. The asteroid, discovered by German astronomer Max Wolf on September 19, 1905, was named after a character in Gotthold Ephraim Lessing's play "Nathan the Wise". Photometric observations at the Palmer Divide Observatory in Colorado Springs, Colorado from 2001–2006 were used to build a light curve for this object. The asteroid displayed a rotation

pos: 580 Selene 580 Selene Selene (minor planet designation: 580 Selene) is a minor planet orbiting the Sun in the asteroid belt. The name Selene is that of an ancient Greek goddess of the Moon. This body orbits the Sun nearly midway between the orbits of Mars and Jupiter. The orbital eccentricity is slightly lower than that of Mars. Based on its light curve, Selene has an estimated rotation period of 0.3947±0.0004 days, or just under 9.5 hours. During each rotation, the apparent magnitude varies by 0.27. The approximate diameter of this asteroid is 46 km. (Some sources list a diameter of up

pos: 580 Selene to 56 km.) The albedo is about 7%, comparable to that of the Earth's Moon. 580 Selene Selene (minor planet designation: 580 Selene) is a minor planet orbiting the Sun in the asteroid belt. The name Selene is that of an ancient Greek goddess of the Moon. This body orbits the Sun nearly midway between the orbits of Mars and Jupiter. The orbital eccentricity is slightly lower than that of Mars. Based on its light curve, Selene has an estimated rotation period of 0.3947±0.0004 days, or just under 9.5 hours. During each rotation, the apparent magnitude varies by 0.27. The

pos: HD 169830 Extrasolar Planet Search Team announced the discovery of a 3 M planet in a 226-day orbit. Three years later on June 30, 2003, the same two teams using the same method discovered a 3.5 M second planet orbiting about halfway between the distances of Mars and Jupiter (or in the middle of the asteroid belt) in the solar system from the star. HD 169830 HD 169830 is a yellow-white dwarf star (spectral type F9V) in the constellation of Sagittarius, 118.46 light years from the Solar System. It is known to be orbited by two large Jupiter-like planets. This star is

pos: Solar System lie within a nearly flat disc called the ecliptic. The Solar System also contains smaller objects. The asteroid belt, which lies between the orbits of Mars and Jupiter, mostly contains objects composed, like the terrestrial planets, of rock and metal. Beyond Neptune's orbit lie the Kuiper belt and scattered disc, which are populations of trans-Neptunian objects composed mostly of ices, and beyond them a newly discovered population of sednoids. Within these populations are several dozen to possibly tens of thousands of objects large enough that they have been rounded by their own gravity. Such objects are categorized as dwarf planets.

pos: Solar System belt occupies the orbit between Mars and Jupiter, between from the Sun. It is thought to be remnants from the Solar System's formation that failed to coalesce because of the gravitational interference of Jupiter. The asteroid belt contains tens of thousands, possibly millions, of objects over one kilometre in diameter. Despite this, the total mass of the asteroid belt is unlikely to be more than a thousandth of that of Earth. The asteroid belt is very sparsely populated; spacecraft routinely pass through without incident. The outer region of the Solar System is home to the giant planets and their large

pos: 7 Iris km. 7 Iris Iris (minor planet designation: 7 Iris) is a large main-belt asteroid orbiting the Sun between Mars and Jupiter. It is the fourth-brightest object in the asteroid belt. It is classified as an S-type asteroid, meaning that it has a stony composition. Iris was discovered on August 13, 1847, by J. R. Hind from London, UK. It was Hind's first asteroid discovery and the seventh asteroid to be discovered overall. Iris was named after the rainbow goddess Iris in Greek mythology, who was a messenger to the gods, especially Hera. Her quality of attendant of Hera was particularly

pos: 7 Iris 7 Iris Iris (minor planet designation: 7 Iris) is a large main-belt asteroid orbiting the Sun between Mars and Jupiter. It is the fourth-brightest object in the asteroid belt. It is classified as an S-type asteroid, meaning that it has a stony composition. Iris was discovered on August 13, 1847, by J. R. Hind from London, UK. It was Hind's first asteroid discovery and the seventh asteroid to be discovered overall. Iris was named after the rainbow goddess Iris in Greek mythology, who was a messenger to the gods, especially Hera. Her quality of attendant of Hera was particularly appropriate

pos: Asteroid the naked eye. On some rare occasions, a near-Earth asteroid may briefly become visible without technical aid; see 99942 Apophis. The mass of all the objects of the asteroid belt, lying between the orbits of Mars and Jupiter, is estimated to be about 2.8–, or about 4% of the mass of the Moon. Of this, Ceres comprises , a third of the total. Adding in the next three most massive objects, Vesta (9%), Pallas (7%), and Hygiea (3%), brings this figure up to 51%; whereas the three after that, 511 Davida (1.2%), 704 Interamnia (1.0%), and 52 Europa (0.9%), only

pos: Fifth planet (hypothetical) orbit as defined by the Titius–Bode law. Between 1845 and 1851, eleven additional asteroids were discovered and Jupiter had become the twentieth planet. At this point, astronomers began to classify asteroids as minor planets. Following the reclassification of the asteroids in their own group, Jupiter became the fifth planet once again. With the redefinition of the term "planet" in 2006, Ceres is now considered a dwarf planet. The disruption theory suggests that a planet which was positioned between Mars and Jupiter was destroyed, resulting in the asteroid belt between these planets. Scientists in the 20th century dubbed this hypothetical planet

pos: Formation and evolution of the Solar System the larger objects' path. As they did so, the increased gravity of the wake slowed the larger objects down into more regular orbits. The outer edge of the terrestrial region, between 2 and 4 AU from the Sun, is called the asteroid belt. The asteroid belt initially contained more than enough matter to form 2–3 Earth-like planets, and, indeed, a large number of planetesimals formed there. As with the terrestrials, planetesimals in this region later coalesced and formed 20–30 Moon- to Mars-sized planetary embryos; however, the proximity of Jupiter meant that after this planet formed, 3 million years after the

neg: Classical planet Classical planet In classical antiquity, the seven classical planets were the seven non-fixed astronomical objects in the sky visible to the naked eye: Mars, Jupiter, Venus, Saturn, Mercury, the Sun, and the Moon. The word "planet" comes from two related Greek words, πλάνης "planēs" (whence πλάνητες ἀστέρες "planētes asteres" "wandering stars, planets") and πλανήτης "planētēs", both with the original meaning of "wanderer", expressing the fact that these objects move across the celestial sphere relative to the fixed stars. The term "planet" in modern terminology is only applied to natural satellites directly orbiting the Sun, so that of the seven classical

neg: Jupiter LVI year. Jupiter LVI Jupiter LVI, originally known as , is a natural satellite of Jupiter. It was discovered by Scott Sheppard in 2011. Images of the newly discovered moon were captured using the Magellan-Baade telescope at the Las Campanas Observatory in Chile. It is an irregular moon with a retrograde orbit. The discovery of Jupiter LVI brought the Jovian satellite count to 67. It is one of the outer retrograde swarm of objects orbiting Jupiter and belongs to the Pasiphae group. The moon was lost following its discovery in 2011. It was recovered in 2017 and given its permanent designation

neg: Jupiter LVI Jupiter LVI Jupiter LVI, originally known as , is a natural satellite of Jupiter. It was discovered by Scott Sheppard in 2011. Images of the newly discovered moon were captured using the Magellan-Baade telescope at the Las Campanas Observatory in Chile. It is an irregular moon with a retrograde orbit. The discovery of Jupiter LVI brought the Jovian satellite count to 67. It is one of the outer retrograde swarm of objects orbiting Jupiter and belongs to the Pasiphae group. The moon was lost following its discovery in 2011. It was recovered in 2017 and given its permanent designation that

neg: Substellar companion Substellar companion Substellar companion is a generic term for an astronomical body orbiting a star. It can describe a celestial bodies too small to be a star, but too big to be called a planet. Alternatively, it is a substellar object such as exoplanet or brown dwarf that is orbiting a star. Objects as low as 8-23 Jupiter masses have been called a substellar companion. Objects orbiting a star are often called a planet below 13 Jupiter masses and brown dwarf above that. Companions at that planet-brown dwarf borderline have been called Super-Jupiters, such around the star Kappa Andromedae. Nevertheless,

neg: 809 Lundia an orbit so far from Vesta, but other examples of V-type asteroids orbiting fairly far from their parent body are known. A mechanism of interplay between the Yarkovsky effect and nonlinear secular resonances (primarily involving Jupiter and Saturn) has been proposed. Lightcurve observations in 2005 revealed that Lundia is a binary system of two similarly sized objects orbiting their common centre of gravity. "Lundia" now refers to one of the objects, the other being provisionally designated S/2005 (809) 1. The similarity of size between the two components is suspected because during mutual occultations the brightness drops by a similar amount

neg: Mass the Solar System. On 25 August 1609, Galileo Galilei demonstrated his first telescope to a group of Venetian merchants, and in early January 1610, Galileo observed four dim objects near Jupiter, which he mistook for stars. However, after a few days of observation, Galileo realized that these "stars" were in fact orbiting Jupiter. These four objects (later named the Galilean moons in honor of their discoverer) were the first celestial bodies observed to orbit something other than the Earth or Sun. Galileo continued to observe these moons over the next eighteen months, and by the middle of 1611 he had

neg: Substellar companion objects as small as 8 Jupiter masses have been called a brown dwarf. A substellar companion is thought to exist in the binary star system SDSS 1212. Substellar companions have been confirmed by analyzing astrometric data from Hipparcos. Substellar companion Substellar companion is a generic term for an astronomical body orbiting a star. It can describe a celestial bodies too small to be a star, but too big to be called a planet. Alternatively, it is a substellar object such as exoplanet or brown dwarf that is orbiting a star. Objects as low as 8-23 Jupiter masses have been called

neg: University of Arizona camera in 2011, UA alumnus Lujendra Ojha and his team discovered proof of liquid water on the surface of Mars—a discovery that was confirmed by NASA in 2015. UA receives more NASA grants annually than the next nine top NASA-Jet Propulsion Laboratory-funded universities combined. , the UA's Lunar and Planetary Laboratory is actively involved in ten spacecraft missions: Cassini VIMS; Grail; the HiRISE camera orbiting Mars; the Juno mission orbiting Jupiter; Lunar Reconnaissance Orbiter (LRO); Maven, which will explore Mars' upper atmosphere and interactions with the sun; Solar Probe Plus, a historic mission into the Sun's atmosphere for the first

neg: Red giant orbit similar to that of Mars to for one that orbits at Saturn's distance to the Sun, the maximum time () corresponding for planets orbiting at the distance of Jupiter. However, for planets orbiting a star in equivalent orbits to those of Jupiter and Saturn they would be in the habitable zone for and respectively; for stars more massive than the Sun, the times are considerably shorter. As of June 2014, 50 giant planets have been discovered around giant stars. However, these giant planets are more massive than the giant planets found around solar-type stars. This could be because giant

neg: Hungaria asteroid amateur telescopes. The origin of the Hungaria group of asteroids is well known. At the 4:1 orbital resonance with Jupiter that lies at semi-major axes of 2.06 AU, any orbiting body is sufficiently strongly perturbed to be forced into an extremely eccentric and unstable orbit, creating the innermost Kirkwood gap. Interior to this 4:1 resonance, asteroids in low inclination orbits are, unlike those outside the 4:1 Kirkwood gap, strongly influenced by the gravitational field of Mars. Here, instead of Jupiter's influence, perturbations by Mars have, over the lifetime of the Solar System, thrown out all asteroids interior to the 4:1

neg: Ganymede (moon) Ganymede (moon) Ganymede (Jupiter III) is the largest and most massive moon of Jupiter and in the Solar System. The ninth largest object in the Solar System, it is the largest without a substantial atmosphere. It has a diameter of and is 8% larger than the planet Mercury, although only 45% as massive. Possessing a metallic core, it has the lowest moment of inertia factor of any solid body in the Solar System and is the only moon known to have a magnetic field. It is the third of the Galilean moons, the first group of objects discovered orbiting another

neg: 6P/d'Arrest examined for a comet sample return mission study. In the 2010s a comet surface sample return mission was selected as the New Frontiers Program finalist, but the recently studied comet 67P was chosen as the selected target. 6P/d'Arrest 6P/d'Arrest (also known as d'Arrest's Comet or Comet d'Arrest) is a periodic Jupiter-family comet in the Solar System, orbiting between Mars and Jupiter. It passed from the Earth on August 12, 1976. The comet last came to perihelion (closest approach to the Sun) on March 2, 2015, but it was in an unfavorable apparition as it had a solar elongation of less

neg: 6P/d'Arrest 6P/d'Arrest 6P/d'Arrest (also known as d'Arrest's Comet or Comet d'Arrest) is a periodic Jupiter-family comet in the Solar System, orbiting between Mars and Jupiter. It passed from the Earth on August 12, 1976. The comet last came to perihelion (closest approach to the Sun) on March 2, 2015, but it was in an unfavorable apparition as it had a solar elongation of less than 30 degrees from October 2014 until May 2015. In 1991, Andrea Carusi and Giovanni B. Valsecchi (Istituto Astrofisica Spaziale, Rome), and Ľubor Kresák and Margita Kresáková (Slovak Astronomical Institute, Bratislava) independently suggested this comet was the

neg: Lagrangian point in the corotating frame of reference). In contrast to and , where stable equilibrium exists, the points , , and are positions of unstable equilibrium. Any object orbiting at , , or will tend to fall out of orbit; it is therefore rare to find natural objects there, and spacecraft inhabiting these areas must employ station keeping in order to maintain their position. It is common to find objects at or orbiting the and points of natural orbital systems. These are commonly called "trojans". In the 20th century, asteroids discovered orbiting at the Sun–Jupiter and points were named after characters

neg: Brown dwarf their own "planetary" systems – their moons. Currently, the International Astronomical Union considers an object above (the limiting mass for thermonuclear fusion of deuterium) to be a brown dwarf, whereas an object under that mass (and orbiting a star or stellar remnant) is considered a planet. The 13 Jupiter-mass cutoff is a rule of thumb rather than something of precise physical significance. Larger objects will burn most of their deuterium and smaller ones will burn only a little, and the 13 Jupiter mass value is somewhere in between. The amount of deuterium burnt also depends to some extent on the

neg: Aoede (moon) was the Muse of song, and was a daughter of Zeus (Jupiter) by Mnemosyne. Aoede belongs to the Pasiphae group, irregular retrograde moons orbiting Jupiter at distances ranging between 22.8 and 24.1 Gm, and with inclinations ranging between 144.5° and 158.3°. Aoede (moon) Aoede ( ; Greek: "Αοιδή"), also known as ', is a natural satellite of Jupiter. It was discovered by a team of astronomers from the University of Hawaii led by Scott S. Sheppard in 2003. It received the temporary designation '. Aoede is about 4 kilometres in diameter, and orbits Jupiter at an average distance of 23,044

neg: Cyllene (moon) (stream nymph) or oread (mountain nymph) associated with Mount Kyllini, Greece. She was a daughter of Zeus (Jupiter). It belongs to the Pasiphae group, irregular retrograde moons orbiting Jupiter at distances ranging between 22.8 and 24.1 Gm, and with inclinations ranging between 144.5° and 158.3°. Cyllene (moon) Cyllene ( ; Greek: "Κυλλήνη"), also known as ', is a natural satellite of Jupiter. It was discovered by a team of astronomers from the University of Hawaii led by Scott S. Sheppard in 2003, receiving the temporary designation '. Cyllene is about 2 kilometres in diameter, and orbits Jupiter at an average

neg: Brown dwarf The super-Jupiter planetary-mass objects 2M1207b and 2MASS J044144 that are orbiting brown dwarfs at large orbital distances may have formed by cloud collapse rather than accretion and so may be sub-brown dwarfs rather than planets, which is inferred from relatively large masses and large orbits. The first discovery of a low-mass companion orbiting a brown dwarf (ChaHα8) at a small orbital distance using the radial velocity technique paved the way for the detection of planets around brown dwarfs on orbits of a few AU or smaller. However, with a mass ratio between the companion and primary in ChaHα8 of about

neg: Hegemone (moon) of Zeus (Jupiter). Hegemone belongs to the Pasiphae group, irregular retrograde moons orbiting Jupiter at distances ranging between 22.8 and 24.1 Gm, and with inclinations ranging between 144.5° and 158.3°. Hegemone (moon) Hegemone ( ; Greek: "Ηγεμόνη"), also known as ', is a natural satellite of Jupiter. It was discovered by a team of astronomers from the University of Hawaii led by Scott S. Sheppard in 2003, and given the temporary designation '. Hegemone is about 3 kilometres in diameter, and orbits Jupiter at an average distance of 23,703 Mm in 745.500 days, at an inclination of 153° to the

neg: Eurydome (moon) as the mother of the Graces by Zeus (Jupiter). Eurydome belongs to the Pasiphae group, irregular retrograde moons orbiting Jupiter at distances ranging between 22.8 and 24.1 Gm, and with inclinations ranging between 144.5° and 158.3°. Eurydome (moon) Eurydome ( ; Greek: "Ευριδόμη"), also known as ', is a natural satellite of Jupiter. It was discovered by a team of astronomers from the University of Hawaii led by Scott S. Sheppard in 2001, and given the temporary designation '. Eurydome is about 3 kilometres in diameter, and orbits Jupiter at an average distance of 23,231 Mm in 723.359 days, at

neg: Asteroid of the inner Solar System including those co-orbital with Jupiter. There exist millions of asteroids, many thought to be the shattered remnants of planetesimals, bodies within the young Sun's solar nebula that never grew large enough to become planets. The vast majority of known asteroids orbit within the main asteroid belt located between the orbits of Mars and Jupiter, or are co-orbital with Jupiter (the Jupiter trojans). However, other orbital families exist with significant populations, including the near-Earth objects. Individual asteroids are classified by their characteristic spectra, with the majority falling into three main groups: C-type, M-type, and S-type. These

neg: Delta-v budget to reach Jupiter. The Ulysses solar probe used Jupiter to attain polar orbit around the sun. Delta-v needed for various orbital manoeuvers using conventional rockets. Near-Earth objects are asteroids whose orbits can bring them within about 0.3 astronomical units of the Earth. There are thousands of such objects that are easier to reach than the Moon or Mars. Their one-way delta-v budgets from LEO range upwards from , which is less than 2/3 of the delta-v needed to reach the Moon's surface. But NEOs with low delta-v budgets have long synodic periods, and the intervals between times of closest approach

neg: Solar System other bodies orbiting the Sun. The principal component of the Solar System is the Sun, a G2 main-sequence star that contains 99.86% of the system's known mass and dominates it gravitationally. The Sun's four largest orbiting bodies, the giant planets, account for 99% of the remaining mass, with Jupiter and Saturn together comprising more than 90%. The remaining objects of the Solar System (including the four terrestrial planets, the dwarf planets, moons, asteroids, and comets) together comprise less than 0.002% of the Solar System's total mass. Most large objects in orbit around the Sun lie near the plane of Earth's

neg: Resident Space Object Resident Space Object A Resident Space Object (RSO) is a natural or artificial object that orbits another body e.g. Sun Orbiting, Earth Orbiting, Mars Orbiting etc. It is most often used to reference objects that are Earth orbiting. In the case of Earth orbiting the possible orbit classifications for an object are: Low Earth orbit (LEO), Medium Earth orbit (MEO), High Earth orbit (HEO) or Geosynchronous Earth orbit (GEO). RSO acquisition, tracking, and data collection can be extremely challenging . The primary method for gathering this information is to make a direct observation of an RSO via Space surveillance sensors.

neg: Sponde seventh hour (libations poured after lunch). The Hours, goddesses of the time of day but also of the seasons, were daughters of Zeus (Jupiter) and Themis. It belongs to the Pasiphae group, irregular retrograde moons orbiting Jupiter at distances ranging between 22.8 and 24.1 Gm, and with inclinations ranging between 144.5° and 158.3°. Sponde Sponde ( ; Greek: "Σπονδή"), also known as ', is a natural satellite of Jupiter. It was discovered by a team of astronomers from the University of Hawaii led by Scott S. Sheppard in 2001, and given the temporary designation '. Sponde is about 2 kilometres

neg: Megaclite Thebe and Locrus in Greek mythology. It belongs to the Pasiphae group, irregular retrograde moons orbiting Jupiter at distances ranging between 22.8 and 24.7 Gm, and with inclinations ranging between 144.5° and 158.3°. Megaclite Megaclite ( ; Latin: "Megaclītē"; Greek: "Μεγακλειτή"), also known as ', is a natural satellite of Jupiter. It was discovered by a team of astronomers from the University of Hawaii led by Scott S. Sheppard in 2000, and given the temporary designation '. Megaclite is about 5.4 kilometres in diameter, and orbits Jupiter at an average distance of 24.687 million kilometers in 792.437 days, at an

neg: HD 210277 b HD 210277 b HD 210277 b is an extrasolar planet orbiting the star HD 210277. It was discovered in September 1998 by the California and Carnegie Planet Search team using the highly successful radial velocity method. The planet is at least 24% more massive than Jupiter. The mean distance of the planet from the star is slightly more than Earth's distance from the Sun. However, the orbit is very eccentric, so at periastron this distance is almost halved, and at apastron it is as distant as Mars is from the Sun. In 2000, a group of scientists proposed, based on

neg: HD 47366 giant planetary companions. Radial velocity measurements indicated gravitational perturbations of the star being caused by orbiting objects. The best fit to the preliminary data suggests two periodicities: one about a year long and a second of around two years. Both objects are predicted to have masses greater than that of the planet Jupiter: their minimum masses are 1.8 and 1.9 Jupiter masses, respectively. Until the inclination of their orbits is known, their actual masses cannot be pinned down more accurately. HD 47366 HD 47366 is the "Henry Draper Catalogue" designation for a star in the southern constellation of Canis Major.

neg: Eukelade the Muses, and thus a daughter of Zeus (Jupiter). Eukelade belongs to the Carme group, made up of irregular retrograde moons orbiting Jupiter at a distance ranging between 23 and 24 Gm and at an inclination of about 165°. Eukelade Eukelade ( ; ), also known as ', is a retrograde irregular satellite of Jupiter. It was discovered by a team of astronomers from the University of Hawaii led by Scott S. Sheppard in 2003, and received the temporary designation '. Eukelade is about 4 kilometres in diameter, and orbits Jupiter at an average distance of 23,484 Mm in 735.200

neg: Isonoe (moon) mythology, and a lover of Zeus (Jupiter). Isonoe belongs to the Carme group, made up of irregular retrograde moons orbiting Jupiter at a distance ranging between 23 and 24 Gm and at an inclination of about 165°. Isonoe (moon) Isonoe ( ; Greek: "Ισονόη"), also known as ', is a retrograde irregular satellite of Jupiter. It was discovered by a team of astronomers from the University of Hawaii led by Scott S. Sheppard in 2000, and given the temporary designation '. Isonoe is about 3.8 kilometres in diameter, and orbits Jupiter at an average distance of 23,833 Km in 751.647

neg: Taygete (moon) daughter of the Titan Atlas and mother of Lacedaemon by Zeus (Jupiter). It belongs to the Carme group, made up of irregular retrograde moons orbiting Jupiter at a distance ranging between 23 and 24 Gm and at an inclination of about 165°. Taygete (moon) Taygete ( ; Greek: "Ταϋγέτη"), also known as ', is a retrograde irregular satellite of Jupiter. It was discovered by a team of astronomers from the University of Hawaii led by Scott S. Sheppard, "et al." in 2000, and given the temporary designation '. Taygete is about 5 kilometres in diameter, and orbits Jupiter at an

neg: Erinome "daughter of Celes, compelled by Venus to fall in love with Jupiter." Erinome belongs to the Carme group, made up of irregular retrograde moons orbiting Jupiter at a distance ranging between 23 and 24 Gm and at an inclination of about 165°. Erinome Erinome ( ; ), also known as , is a retrograde irregular satellite of Jupiter. It was discovered by a team of astronomers from the University of Hawaii led by Scott S. Sheppard "et al." in 2000, and given the temporary designation "'. Erinome is about 3.2 kilometres in diameter, and orbits Jupiter at an average distance

neg: Kale (moon) (Jupiter). Kale is the spouse of Hephaestus according to some authors (although most have Aphrodite play that role). It belongs to the Carme group, made up of irregular retrograde moons orbiting Jupiter at a distance ranging between 23 and 24 Gm and at an inclination of about 165°. Kale (moon) Kale ( ; Greek: "Καλή"), also known as ', is a retrograde irregular satellite of Jupiter. It was discovered in 2001 by astronomers Scott S. Sheppard, D. Jewitt, and J. Kleyna, and was originally designated as '. Kale is about 2 kilometres in diameter, and orbits Jupiter at an average

neg: Planet dropped to the eight significantly larger bodies that had cleared their orbit (Mercury, Venus, Earth, Mars, Jupiter, Saturn, Uranus, and Neptune), and a new class of dwarf planets was created, initially containing three objects (Ceres, Pluto and Eris). There is no official definition of extrasolar planets. In 2003, the International Astronomical Union (IAU) Working Group on Extrasolar Planets issued a position statement, but this position statement was never proposed as an official IAU resolution and was never voted on by IAU members. The positions statement incorporates the following guidelines, mostly focused upon the boundary between planets and brown dwarfs: This

neg: Planetary objects proposed in religion, astrology, ufology and pseudoscience Sumerian texts, evidence that the human race was visited by a group of extraterrestrials from a distant planet in the Solar System. Part of his theory lay in an astronomical interpretation of the Babylonian creation myth, the "Enuma Elish", in which he replaced the names of gods with hypothetical planets. However, since the principal evidence for Sitchin's claims lay in his own personally derived etymologies and not on any scholarly agreed interpretations, academics consider it pseudoscience and pseudohistory, if they know it at all. Sitchin's theory proposes the planets Tiamat and Nibiru. Tiamat supposedly existed between Mars and Jupiter. He

neg: Phillip Adams appointed both a member and subsequently an officer of the Order of Australia; and he has received numerous awards including five honorary doctorates from Australian universities; Republican of the Year 2005; the Senior ANZAC Fellowship; the Australian Humanist of the Year, the Golden Lion at Cannes; the Longford Award; a Walkley Award; and the Henry Lawson Australian Arts Award. In 1997 the International Astronomical Union named a minor planet orbiting the sun between Mars and Jupiter after him. A National Trust poll elected him one of Australia's 100 national living treasures. Adams was born in Maryborough, Victoria, the only child

neg: Timeline of astronomy planet orbiting between Mars and Jupiter, and names it Ceres. William Herschel proves it is a very small object, calculating it to be only 320 km in diameter, and not a planet. He proposes the name asteroid, and soon other similar bodies are being found. We now know that Ceres is 932 km in diameter, and is now considered to be a dwarf planet. Joseph von Fraunhofer builds the first accurate spectrometer and uses it to study the spectrum of the Sun's light. He discovers and maps hundreds of fine dark lines crossing the solar spectrum. In 1859 these lines

neg: Jet Propulsion Laboratory projects are the Mars Science Laboratory mission (which includes the "Curiosity" rover), the Mars Exploration Rover "Opportunity", the Mars Reconnaissance Orbiter, the "Juno" spacecraft orbiting Jupiter, the NuSTAR X-ray telescope, SMAP Satellite for earth surface soil moisture and the Spitzer Space Telescope. It is also responsible for managing the JPL Small-Body Database, and provides physical data and lists of publications for all known small Solar System bodies. The JPL's Space Flight Operations Facility and Twenty-Five-Foot Space Simulator are designated National Historic Landmarks. JPL traces its beginnings to 1936 in the Guggenheim Aeronautical Laboratory at the California Institute of Technology (GALCIT)

neg: 916 America 916 America 916 America is a minor planet orbiting the Sun in the main belt between Mars and Jupiter. It was discovered on 7 August 1915 by the Russian astronomer Grigory Nikolaevich Neujmin at Simeis, Russian Empire. Originally designated 916I, it was renamed '916 America' on 24 February 1923 after the Council of Astronomers at Pulkovo Observatory decided to commemorate "the friendly relations of the astronomical observatories and astronomers". Another possible reason for the name was as a mark of appreciation for the help given during the 1921 Russian famine by the American Relief Administration under the later President Herbert

neg: Herse (moon) 672.752 days, at a mean inclination of 165° to the ecliptic, in a retrograde direction and with a mean eccentricity of 0.2493. It is a member of the Carme group, made up of irregular retrograde moons orbiting Jupiter at a distance ranging between 23 and 24 Gm and at an inclination of about 165°. Herse (moon) Herse ( ; Greek: "Ἕρση"), or Jupiter L, previously known by its provisional designation of , is a natural satellite of Jupiter. It was discovered on 8 February 2003 by the astronomers Brett J. Gladman, John J. Kavelaars, Jean-Marc Petit, and Lynne Allen and

neg: Pasithee (moon) of charm, beauty, nature, human creativity and fertility, daughters of Zeus (Jupiter) by Eurynome. Pasithee, better known as Aglaea, is the spouse of Hypnos (Sleep) and presides to hallucinations and hallucinogens. It belongs to the Carme group, made up of irregular retrograde moons orbiting Jupiter at a distance ranging between 23 and 24 Gm and at an inclination of about 165°. Pasithee (moon) Pasithee ( or ; Greek: "Πασιθέα"), also known as ', is a retrograde irregular satellite of Jupiter. It was discovered by a team of astronomers from the University of Hawaii led by Scott S. Sheppard in 2001,

neg: Arche (moon) four original Muses, an addition to the earlier three (Aoede, Melete, and Mneme). Arche belongs to the Carme group, made up of irregular retrograde moons orbiting Jupiter at a distance ranging between 23 and 24 Gm and at an inclination of about 165°. Arche (moon) Arche ( ; Greek: "Αρχή"), also known as ', is a moon of Jupiter. It was discovered by a team of astronomers from the University of Hawaii led by Scott S. Sheppard in 2002, and received the temporary designation '. Arche is about 3 kilometres in diameter, and orbits Jupiter at an average distance of

neg: Kalyke Calyce. It belongs to the Carme group, made up of irregular retrograde moons orbiting Jupiter at a distance ranging between 23 and 24 Gm and at an inclination of about 165°. Kalyke Kalyke ( ; Greek: "Καλύκη"), also known as ', is a retrograde irregular satellite of Jupiter. It was discovered by a team of astronomers from the University of Hawaii led by Scott S. Sheppard "et al." in 2000, and given the temporary designation '. Kalyke is about 5.2 kilometres in diameter, and orbits Jupiter at an average distance of 23,181 Mm in 721.021 days, at an inclination of

neg: Aitne (moon) Aitne (moon) Aitne ( , ; Greek: "Αίτνη"), also known as ', is a retrograde irregular satellite of Jupiter. It was discovered by a team of astronomers from the University of Hawaii led by Scott S. Sheppard, "et al." in 2001, and given the temporary designation '. Aitne belongs to the Carme group, made up of irregular retrograde moons orbiting Jupiter at a distance ranging between 23 and 24 Gm and at an inclination of about 165°. Aitne is about 3 kilometres in diameter, and orbits Jupiter at an average distance of 22,285 Mm in 679.641 days, at an inclination

neg: Chaldene in Greek mythology. It belongs to the Carme group, made up of irregular retrograde moons orbiting Jupiter at a distance ranging between 23 and 24 Gm and at an inclination of about 165°. Chaldene Chaldene ( ; ), also known as ', is a retrograde irregular satellite of Jupiter. It was discovered by a team of astronomers from the University of Hawaii led by Scott S. Sheppard, "et al.", in 2000, and given the temporary designation '. Chaldene is about 3.8 kilometres in diameter, and orbits Jupiter at an average distance of 22,713 Mm in 699.327 days, at an inclination

neg: Kallichore (moon) the Carme group, made up of irregular retrograde moons orbiting Jupiter at a distance ranging between 23 and 24 Gm and at an inclination of about 165°. Kallichore (moon) Kallichore ( ; Greek: "Καλλιχόρη"), also known as ', is a natural satellite of Jupiter. It was discovered by a team of astronomers from the University of Hawaii led by Scott S. Sheppard, et al. in 2003. It received the temporary designation '. Kallichore is about 2 kilometres in diameter, and orbits Jupiter at an average distance of 23,112 Mm in 717.806 days, at an inclination of 165° to the ecliptic

neg: Pasiphae (moon) case came by April 10. Pasiphae did not receive its present name until 1975; before then, it was simply known as . It was sometimes called "Poseidon" between 1955 and 1975. Pasiphae orbits Jupiter on a high eccentricity and high inclination retrograde orbit. It gives its name to the Pasiphae group, irregular retrograde moons orbiting Jupiter at distances ranging between 22.8 and 24.1 million km, and with inclinations ranging between 144.5° and 158.3°. The orbital elements are as of January 2000. They are continuously changing due to solar and planetary perturbations. The diagram illustrates its orbit in relation to other

neg: Space tether also known as rotating skyhooks, and performed detailed simulations of tapered rotating tethers that could pick objects off, and place objects onto, the Moon, Mars and other planets, with little loss, or even a net gain of energy. In 1979, NASA examined the feasibility of the idea and gave direction to the study of tethered systems, especially tethered satellites. In 1990, E. Sarmont proposed a non-rotating Orbiting Skyhook for an Earth-to-orbit / orbit-to-escape-velocity Space Transportation System in a paper titled "An Orbiting Skyhook: Affordable Access to Space". In this concept a suborbital launch vehicle would fly to the bottom end

neg: 916 America Hoover. In 1986, assuming that the asteroid was of S-type and that it had a diameter of 15 km, the rotational period was measured to be 38 hours. Observations by the Infrared Astronomical Satellite have since shown that it has a diameter of 33.2±1.3 km, with an absolute magnitude of 11.20 and an albedo of 0.053±0.004. 916 America 916 America is a minor planet orbiting the Sun in the main belt between Mars and Jupiter. It was discovered on 7 August 1915 by the Russian astronomer Grigory Nikolaevich Neujmin at Simeis, Russian Empire. Originally designated 916I, it was renamed '916

neg: HD 202206 b is a brown dwarf. On the other hand, simulations of planet formation by core accretion show that objects of up to 25-30 Jupiter masses can be produced in this way, and therefore the object can potentially be regarded as a planet. HD 202206 b HD 202206 b is a substellar object orbiting the star HD 202206 approximately 151 light-years away in the constellation of Capricornus. The classification of this object as an extrasolar planet or a brown dwarf is currently unclear. With a mass at least 17.4 times that of Jupiter, it exceeds the limit (approximately 13 Jupiter masses) required

neg: History of Mars observation by X-rays from the Sun scattering off the upper Martian atmosphere; the second comes from interactions between ions that result in an exchange of charges. The emission from the latter source has been observed out to eight times the radius of Mars by the XMM-Newton orbiting observatory. In 1983, the analysis of the shergottite, nakhlite, and chassignite (SNC) group of meteorites showed that they may have originated on Mars. The Allan Hills 84001 meteorite, discovered in Antarctica in 1984, is believed to have originated on Mars but it has an entirely different composition than the SNC group. In 1996, it

neg: Grand tack hypothesis and 130 million years after the formation of the first solids in this scenario. Encounters with other embryos could destabilize a disk orbiting Mars reducing the mass of moons that form around Mars. After Mars is scattered from the annulus by encounters with other planets it continues to have encounters with other objects until the planets clear material from the inner Solar System. While these encounters enable the orbit of Mars to become decoupled from the other planets and remain on a stable orbit, they can also perturb the disk of material from which the moons of Mars form. These

neg: Tycho Brahe phases refuted the pure geocentric Ptolemaic model. After that it seems 17th-century astronomy mostly converted to geo-heliocentric planetary models that could explain these phases just as well as the heliocentric model could, but without the latter's disadvantage of the failure to detect any annual stellar parallax that Tycho and others regarded as refuting it. The three main geo-heliocentric models were the Tychonic, the Capellan with just Mercury and Venus orbiting the Sun such as favoured by Francis Bacon, for example, and the extended Capellan model of Riccioli with Mars also orbiting the Sun whilst Saturn and Jupiter orbit the fixed

neg: Interstellar object gravitationally bound objects follow elliptic orbits around the Sun, like most asteroids, comets, and objects in the Oort cloud. It is possible for objects orbiting a star to be ejected due to interaction with a third massive body, thereby becoming interstellar objects. Such a process was initiated in early 1980s when C/1980 E1, initially gravitationally bound to the Sun, passed near Jupiter and was accelerated sufficiently to reach escape velocity from the Solar System. This changed its orbit from elliptical to hyperbolic and made it the most eccentric known object at the time, with an eccentricity of 1.057. It is

neg: Planetary phase planets exhibit the full range of crescent and gibbous phases. The superior planets, orbiting outside the Earth's orbit, do not exhibit the full range of phases as they appear almost always as gibbous or full. However, Mars often appears significantly gibbous, when it is illuminated by the Sun at a very different angle than it is seen by an observer on Earth, so an observer on Mars would see the Sun and the Earth widely separated in the sky. This effect is not easily noticeable for the giant planets, from Jupiter outward, since they are so far away that the

neg: Orbital decay the orbiting body is large enough to raise a significant tidal bulge on the body it is orbiting and is either in a retrograde orbit or is below the synchronous orbit. The resulting tidal interaction saps momentum from the orbiting body and transfers it to the primary's rotation, lowering the orbit's altitude until frictional effects come into play. Examples of satellites undergoing tidal orbital decay are Mars' moon Phobos, Neptune's moon Triton, and the extrasolar planet TrES-3b. Small objects in the Solar System also experience an orbital decay due to the forces applied by asymmetric radiation pressure. Ideally, energy absorbed

neg: Himalia (moon) million km from Jupiter, Himalia takes about 251 Earth days to complete one orbit. It is the largest member of the group that bears its name, the moons orbiting between 11.4 and 13 million kilometres from Jupiter at an inclination of about 27.5°. The orbital elements are as of January 2000. They are continuously changing due to solar and planetary perturbations. Himalia's rotational period is . Himalia appears neutral in color (grey), like the other members of its group, with colour indices B−V=0.62, V−R=0.4, similar to a C-type asteroid. Measurements by "Cassini" confirm a featureless spectrum, with a slight absorption

neg: Radioglaciology example the anticlines arising from the Raymond Effect. The cause of the observed internal reflections partly depends on the frequency of the radar system used to detect them. There are three primary types of reflections: Ice-penetrating radar systems, particularly the antennae, are often homemade systems made of commercially available components. However, commercial ground-penetrating radar systems are sometimes used. There are currently two ice-penetrating radars orbiting Mars: MARSIS and SHARAD. An ice-penetrating radar system is planned for the 2022 Jupiter Icy Moons Orbiter, and such systems were also proposed for two orbiters that were part of the cancelled Europa Jupiter System

neg: Solar panels on spacecraft use a combination of several layers of gallium arsenide, indium gallium phosphide, and germanium to capture more energy from the solar spectrum. Leading edge multi-junction cells are capable of exceeding 38.8% under non-concentrated AM1.5G illumination and 46% using concentrated AM1.5G illumination. To date, solar power, other than for propulsion, has been practical for spacecraft operating no farther from the Sun than the orbit of Jupiter. For example, "Juno", "Magellan", "Mars Global Surveyor", and "Mars Observer" used solar power as does the Earth-orbiting, Hubble Space Telescope. The "Rosetta" space probe, launched 2 March 2004, used its of solar panels as far

neg: Pasiphae group might be not a part of the remnants of the same collision and captured independently instead. The differences of colour between the objects (grey for Pasiphae, light red for Callirrhoe and Megaclite) also suggest that the group could have a more complex origin than a single collision. Pasiphae group The Pasiphae group is a group of retrograde irregular satellites of Jupiter that follow similar orbits to Pasiphae and are thought to have a common origin. Their semi-major axes (distances from Jupiter) range between 22.8 and 24.1 million km (the same range as the Carme group), their inclinations between 144.5° and

neg: WASP-44b Jupiter's mass and a radius of 1.002 times that of Jupiter. Although less massive than Jupiter, the planet is bloated to a greater size because its proximity to its host star heats it, a common effect in such closely orbiting gas giants. WASP-44b orbits at a mean distance of 0.03473 AU, which is about 3% of the distance between the Earth and Sun. An orbit is completed every 2.4238039 days (58.171 hours). WASP-44b has an orbital inclination of 86.02º, which is almost edge-on as seen from Earth. WASP-44b WASP-44b is a closely orbiting Jupiter-sized planet found in the orbit of

neg: Galilean moons stars, but rather were orbiting Jupiter. Galileo's discovery proved the importance of the telescope as a tool for astronomers by showing that there were objects in space to be discovered that until then had remained unseen by the naked eye. More importantly, the discovery of celestial bodies orbiting something other than Earth dealt a blow to the then-accepted Ptolemaic world system, which held that Earth was at the center of the universe and all other celestial bodies revolved around it. Galileo's "Sidereus Nuncius" ("Starry Messenger"), which announced celestial observations through his telescope, does not explicitly mention Copernican heliocentrism, a theory

neg: Orbiting Jupiter narrator, which he found in Jack: "Sometimes it takes longest of all, but it’s everything. So I found this naïve 12-year-old who would grow throughout the book and has questions he’s beginning to ask for the first time. That voice, once it was there…then the book wasn’t too hard to write." "Publishers Weekly" and "Kirkus Reviews" both gave the novel starred reviews. Jeff Giles, reviewing for "The New York Times", called the novel warm and reassuring "though it has its share of tragedy". "Orbiting Jupiter" was placed on the longlist for the Carnegie Medal in 2017. Orbiting Jupiter Orbiting Jupiter

neg: Five-planet Nice model of, and with the right initial conditions, the timing of the Late Heavy Bombardment. However, sweeping secular resonances would perturb the orbits of inner Solar System objects if Jupiter's migration was slow and smooth. The ν secular resonance crosses the orbits of the terrestrial planets exciting their eccentricities. While Jupiter and Saturn slowly approach their 2:1 resonance the eccentricity of Mars reaches values that can result in collisions between planets or in Mars being ejected from the Solar System. Revised versions of the Nice model beginning with the planets in a chain of resonances avoid this slow approach to the

neg: 10370 Hylonome 10370 Hylonome 10370 Hylonome (; from ), provisional designation , is a minor planet orbiting in the outer Solar System. The dark and icy body belongs to the class of centaurs and measures approximately 75 kilometers in diameter. It was discovered on 27 February 1995, by English astronomer David C. Jewitt and Vietnamese American astronomer Jane Luu at the U.S. Mauna Kea Observatory in Hawaii, and later named after the mythological creature Hylonome. Centaurs are a large population of icy bodies in transition between trans-Neptunian objects (TNOs) and Jupiter-family comets (JFCs), their orbits being unstable due to perturbations by the

neg: 52872 Okyrhoe 52872 Okyrhoe 52872 Okyrhoe (; from Greek "Ωκυρόη, Ωκυρρόη"), provisional designation , is a centaur orbiting in the outer Solar System between Jupiter and Saturn. It was discovered on 19 September 1998, by the Spacewatch survey at Kitt Peak Observatory in Arizona, United States, and named after Ocyrhoe from Greek mythology. Centaurs have short dynamical lives due to strong interactions with the giant planets. "Okyrhoe" is estimated to have an orbital half-life of about 670 kiloannum. Of objects listed as a centaur by the Minor Planet Center (MPC), JPL, and the Deep Ecliptic Survey (DES), Okyrhoe has the second smallest

neg: Natural satellite the objects they orbited. The first to use of the term "satellite" to describe orbiting bodies was the German astronomer Johannes Kepler in his pamphlet "Narratio de Observatis a se quatuor Iouis satellitibus erronibus" ("Narration About Four Satellites of Jupiter Observed") in 1610. He derived the term from the Latin word "satelles", meaning "guard", "attendant", or "companion", because the "satellites" accompanied their primary planet in their journey through the heavens. The term "satellite" thus became the normal one for referring to an object orbiting a planet, as it avoided the ambiguity of "moon". In 1957, however, the launching of the

neg: Vega in fiction of infrared radiation, Vega appears to have a circumstellar disk of dust. This dust is likely to be the result of massive collisions between objects in an orbiting debris belt, and it is analogous to the Kuiper belt in the solar system. Irregularities in the disk also suggest the presence of at least one planet, about the size of Jupiter, in an orbit large enough to allow the formation of smaller rocky planets closer to the star. Regardless of its ultimate tally of planetary companions, the fact that it has an estimated age of just 455 million years suggests that

neg: 677 Aaltje 677 Aaltje 677 Aaltje is a main-belt minor planet orbiting the Sun, discovered by August Kopff at Heidelberg on January 18, 1909. It was named after the Dutch singer Aaltje Noordewier-Reddingius. This object has a geometric albedo of 0.2794. Photometric observations during 2008 showed a rotation period of 16.6076 ± 0.0006 hours and a brightness variation of 0.30 ± 0.02 in magnitude. 677 Aaltje is orbiting within the 7/3 Kirkwood gap. This means it has a 7:3 orbital resonance with Jupiter, completing seven orbits for every three orbits of the planet. For smaller objects, this would typically lead to orbital

neg: Carme (moon) Carme (moon) Carme ( ; ) is a retrograde irregular satellite of Jupiter. It was discovered by Seth Barnes Nicholson at Mount Wilson Observatory in California in July 1938. It is named after the mythological Carme, mother by Zeus of Britomartis, a Cretan goddess. Carme did not receive its present name until 1975; before then, it was simply known as . It was sometimes called "Pan" between 1955 and 1975 (Pan is now the name of a satellite of Saturn). It gives its name to the Carme group, made up of irregular retrograde moons orbiting Jupiter at a distance ranging

neg: Leda (moon) Leda (moon) Leda ( ; ), also known as , is a prograde irregular satellite of Jupiter. It was discovered by Charles T. Kowal at the Mount Palomar Observatory on September 14, 1974, after three nights' worth of photographic plates had been taken (September 11 through 13; Leda appears on all of them). It was named after Leda, who was a lover of Zeus, the Greek equivalent of Jupiter (who came to her in the form of a swan). Kowal suggested the name and the IAU endorsed it in 1975. Leda belongs to the Himalia group, five moons orbiting between

neg: Ceres (dwarf planet) Mars and Jupiter. Kepler had already noticed the gap between Mars and Jupiter in 1596. Bode based his idea on the Titius–Bode law which is a now-discredited hypothesis that was first proposed in 1766. Bode observed that there was a regular pattern in the semi-major axes of the orbits of known planets, and that the pattern was marred only by the large gap between Mars and Jupiter. The pattern predicted that the missing planet ought to have an orbit with a semi-major axis near 2.8 astronomical units (AU). William Herschel's discovery of Uranus in 1781 near the predicted distance for

neg: Lysithea (moon) continuously changing due to solar and planetary perturbations. Lysithea (moon) Lysithea ( , ; ) is a prograde irregular satellite of Jupiter. It was discovered by Seth Barnes Nicholson in 1938 at Mount Wilson Observatory and is named after the mythological Lysithea, daughter of Oceanus and one of Zeus' lovers. Lysithea did not receive its present name until 1975; before then, it was simply known as . It was sometimes called "Demeter" from 1955 to 1975. It belongs to the Himalia group, five moons orbiting between 11 and 13 Gm from Jupiter at an inclination of about 28.3°. Its orbital

neg: Lysithea (moon) Lysithea (moon) Lysithea ( , ; ) is a prograde irregular satellite of Jupiter. It was discovered by Seth Barnes Nicholson in 1938 at Mount Wilson Observatory and is named after the mythological Lysithea, daughter of Oceanus and one of Zeus' lovers. Lysithea did not receive its present name until 1975; before then, it was simply known as . It was sometimes called "Demeter" from 1955 to 1975. It belongs to the Himalia group, five moons orbiting between 11 and 13 Gm from Jupiter at an inclination of about 28.3°. Its orbital elements are as of January 2000. They are

neg: Moons of Jupiter his Greek equivalent Zeus. The Galilean moons are by far the largest and most massive objects to orbit Jupiter, with the remaining 75 known moons and the rings together comprising just 0.003% of the total orbiting mass.Of Jupiter's moons, eight are regular satellites with prograde and nearly circular orbits that are not greatly inclined with respect to Jupiter's equatorial plane. The Galilean satellites are nearly spherical in shape due to their planetary mass, and so would be considered at least dwarf planets if they were in direct orbit around the Sun. The other four regular satellites are much smaller and

neg: Triple conjunction and in 1979–1980. The next events of this kind will be again in 2123 and in 2169–2170. The last triple conjunctions between Mars and Saturn took place in 1779, 1877 (only in right ascension) and in 1945–1946. The next triple conjunction between these planets will occur in 2148–2149, in 2185 and in 2187. For both at triple conjunctions between Mars and Jupiter and for triple conjunctions between Mars and Saturn it is possible that two such events follow at an interval of only 2 years. This last happened for Mars and Jupiter in 927 and 929 and will be again

neg: Orbiting Jupiter Orbiting Jupiter Orbiting Jupiter is a 2015 young adult fiction novel written by Gary D. Schmidt, the author of "Lizzie Bright and the Buckminster Boy" and "Okay for Now". The novel is set in rural Eastham, Maine during the fall and winter of an unnamed modern-day school year. Jackson (Jack) Hurd narrates his experience while his family is fostering Joseph Brook, a fourteen-year-old boy who served a month's sentence in the fictional Stone Mountain juvenile detention center. Joseph is a teenage father who signed his parental rights away to allow his daughter Jupiter to be placed for adoption. Shortly after

neg: 2011 MM4 of inward-moving bodies transiting from the Kuiper belt to the group of Jupiter-family comets. Orbiting mainly between Jupiter and Neptune, they typically have a semi-major axis of 5.5 to 30.1 AU. Centaurs are cometary-like bodies with an eccentric orbit. Their short dynamical lifetime is due to the perturbing forces exerted on them by the outer planets of the Solar System. The object is on a retrograde orbit as it has an inclination of more than 90°. There are only about a hundred known retrograde minor planets out of nearly 800,000 observed bodies, and, together with and , it is among

neg: (342842) 2008 YB3 arc begins with its official discovery observation at Siding Spring in December 2008. " is a member of the centaurs, a population of inward-moving bodies transiting from the Kuiper belt to the group of Jupiter-family comets. Orbiting mainly between Jupiter and Neptune, they typically have a semi-major axis of 5.5 to 30.1 AU. Centaurs are cometary-like bodies with an eccentric orbit. Their short dynamical lifetime is due to the perturbing forces exerted on them by the outer planets of the Solar System. The object is on a retrograde orbit as it has an inclination of more than 90°. There are

neg: HD 202206 b HD 202206 b HD 202206 b is a substellar object orbiting the star HD 202206 approximately 151 light-years away in the constellation of Capricornus. The classification of this object as an extrasolar planet or a brown dwarf is currently unclear. With a mass at least 17.4 times that of Jupiter, it exceeds the limit (approximately 13 Jupiter masses) required for an object to sustain deuterium fusion in its core. The deuterium fusion criterion is used by the IAU's Working Group on Extrasolar Planets to define the boundary between giant planets and brown dwarfs, so in this view HD 202206 b

neg: Naked eye eye: Mercury, Venus, Mars, Jupiter, and Saturn. Under typical dark sky conditions Uranus (magnitude +5.8) can be seen as well with averted vision, as can the asteroid Vesta at its brighter oppositions. The Sun and the Moon—the remaining noticeable naked-eye objects of the solar system—are sometimes added to make seven "planets." During daylight only the Moon and Sun are obvious naked eye objects, but in many cases Venus can be spotted in daylight and in rarer cases Jupiter. Close to sunset and sunrise bright stars like Sirius or even Canopus can be spotted with the naked eye as long as

neg: Distant minor planet AU. This threshold, which is just beyond the orbit of Jupiter (5.2 AU), ensures that the vast majority of "true asteroids" – such as the near-Earth, Mars-crosser, main-belt and Jupiter trojan populations – are excluded from the distant minor planets. Distant minor planet A distant minor planet, or "distant object", is any minor planet found beyond Jupiter in the outer Solar System that is not commonly thought of as an "asteroid". The umbrella term is used by IAU's Minor Planet Center (MPC), which is responsible for the identification, designation and orbit computation of these objects. , the MPC maintains 3497

neg: 2012 Venus Jupiter Mercury conjunction 2012 Venus Jupiter Mercury conjunction The 2012 Venus–Jupiter–Mercury conjunction, was an astronomical conjunction that occurred on February 25, 2012 between the Mercury, Venus, and Jupiter, forming a triple conjunction. It was globally observed in the western sky soon after sunset. On March 13, Venus and Jupiter re-entered conjunction, and five astrological signs (zodiac constellations) were globally visible, all around sunset local time. As the Venus and Jupiter conjunction continued to converge through March 2012, three other planets became visible. Mercury, Mars, and Saturn. Mercury was visible just above the western horizon soon after sunset. Mars was visible in the eastern

neg: Dwarf planet IAU accepted Eris as a dwarf planet because it is more massive than Pluto. They subsequently decided that unnamed trans-Neptunian objects with an absolute magnitude brighter than +1 (and hence a diameter of ≥838 km assuming a geometric albedo of ≤1) are to be named under the assumption that they are dwarf planets. The classification of bodies in other planetary systems with the characteristics of dwarf planets has not been addressed. Starting in 1801, astronomers discovered Ceres and other bodies between Mars and Jupiter which were for decades considered to be planets. Between then and around 1851, when the number

neg: Triple conjunction inferior conjunction loop Mercury and Venus are always involved in triple conjunctions with some stars. Triple conjunctions with bright stars are as frequent as with exterior planets. These are the most interesting triple conjunctions, because all three conjunctions can be seen very easily, because of the great elongation of the planets or stars involved. Triple conjunctions between exterior planets or an exterior planet and a star can only occur when these objects are nearly simultaneously in opposition. Triple conjunctions between the bright exterior planets are very rare: the last triple conjunctions between Mars and Jupiter occurred in 1789–1790, in 1836–1837