query: when did the us invaded the philippines in ww2

pos: Philippines Campaign (1944–1945) Philippines Campaign (1944–1945) The Philippines Campaign, the Battle of the Philippines or the Liberation of the Philippines (Filipino: "Kampanya sa Pilipinas", "Labanan sa Pilipinas" & "Liberasyon ng Pilipinas"), (Operation Musketeer I, II, and III) (Filipino: Operasyon "Mosketero I", "II", "at" "III"), was the American and Filipino campaign to defeat and expel the Imperial Japanese forces occupying the Philippines during World War II. The Japanese Army overran all of the Philippines during the first half of 1942. The liberation of the Philippines commenced with amphibious landings on the eastern Philippine island of Leyte on October 20, 1944. United States and Philippine

neg: Hunter Liggett sites on Luzon. He was assisted in this by his aide de camp, Captain George Marshall. The staff ride established that the most likely invasion route would be through the Lingayen Gulf and that this would be all but unstoppable unless the US dramatically increased its Army and Navy forces in the Philippines. In 1941, the Japanese invaded through the Lingayen Gulf, as the US did in turn in 1945. Success in brigade commands in Texas and in the Philippines led to his promotion to major general, and selection as commander of the 41st Division in April 1917. The division

neg: Spratly Islands dispute trying to falsely portray China as a threat to Japan, and that it was invading its neighbours like the Philippines, and pointed out that the Spratly islands were not part of the Philippines when the US acquired the Philippines from Spain in the Treaty of Paris in 1898. Taoka stated that the Japanese ruled Taiwan when Taiwan had annexed the Spratly islands in 1938, and the US-ruled Philippines did not challenge the move and never asserted that it was their territory. He also pointed out that other countries did not need to do full land reclamation since they already control

neg: Spratly Islands Philippines, and pointed out that the Spratly islands were not part of the Philippines when the US acquired the Philippines from Spain in the Treaty of Paris in 1898, and the Japanese ruled Taiwan itself had annexed the Spratly islands in 1938 and the US ruled Philippines did not challenge the move and never asserted that it was their territory, he also pointed out that other countries did not need to do full land reclamation since they already control islands and that the reason China engaged in extensive land reclamation is because they needed it to build airfields since China

neg: Political status of Taiwan those waters. Starting in 2000, Japan renewed its defense obligations with the US and embarked on a rearmament program, partly in response to fears that Taiwan might be invaded. Some analysts believed that the PRC could launch preemptive strikes on military bases in Japan to deter US and Japanese forces from coming to the ROC's aid. Japanese strategic planners also see an independent Taiwan as vital, not only because the ROC controls valuable shipping routes, but also because its capture by PRC would make Japan more vulnerable. During World War II, the US invaded the Philippines, but another viable target

neg: El Piñal to let the Spanish establish a trade port on an island south of Xiamen in return for Limahong's capture. However, the governor of the Philippines at the time did not respond favourably, and the offer came to nothing when Limahong escaped from Manila. In the 1590s, the need for a Spanish base in China gained new urgency as Japan, ruled by the militant regent Toyotomi Hideyoshi, invaded Korea and threatened to conquer Ryukyu, China, Taiwan, and the Spanish Philippines. The "San Felipe" incident of 1596 and the subsequent execution of Franciscan friars in Nagasaki all but confirmed Japan's hostile intentions

neg: United States Army Coast Artillery Corps inadequate, with few weapons allocated, and the coast defense guns had become almost irrelevant. They were positioned to keep enemy ships out of a friendly harbor, but that was all they could accomplish. The Japanese invaded the Philippines shortly after Pearl Harbor, bringing the Harbor Defenses of Manila and Subic Bays into the war along with the other US and Filipino forces in the archipelago. The Japanese initially landed in northern Luzon, far from the defenses of Manila Bay. Although the Coast Artillery did their best, their weapons were poorly positioned against the direction of enemy attacks and vulnerable to

neg: Butterfly knife were. The Tagalog name, 'Balisong' seems to have emerged after WW2 when craftsmen in a Filipino barangay named Balisong began making the knives to sell to American servicemen. The Balisong knife is thought to have been an adaptation of a French folding knife called 'Le Pied de Roi' (King's Foot), a standardized one foot ruler, sometimes including a blade, that was in official usage in France from 1968 to 1999. The Balisong knife may have been introduced to the Philippines towards the end of the Spanish occupation after the metric system was adopted in the Philippines as it was also

neg: Harbor Defenses of Manila and Subic Bays 1,500 persons, mostly Filipino civilians evacuating to Mindanao. 150 Philippine Army personnel and seven Americans were on board, along with several 2.95-inch mountain guns badly needed by the forces in the southern Philippines. Three PT boats ("PT-32", "PT-34" and "PT-35") picked up 282 survivors, of which seven later died. The main part of the Malinta Tunnel complex was built on Corregidor from 1932 to 1934, with construction continuing until the Philippines was invaded by Japan in December 1941. Most US forts of this era had only small underground facilities, and this tunnel complex was the largest in the US coastal

neg: Seacoast defense in the United States against air attack and the inadequacy of pre-war anti-aircraft defenses. However, perhaps if there was no coastal artillery surface raiders would have been bolder. Coastal defense emplacements in the Philippines (the only occasion since the Civil War on which US coast defenses were heavily engaged) and Singapore were locally effective; however, the Japanese simply attacked where there were no defenses and then enveloped the fortifications. Heavily fortified positions such as Japanese Rabaul and Fort Drum in the Philippines demonstrated tactical success amongst strategic failures. The Japanese invaded the Philippines shortly after Pearl Harbor, bringing the Harbor Defenses of Manila and

neg: VK 3002(DB) VK 3002(DB) The VK30.02 (DB), was the second prototype tank Daimler Benz submitted for the VK 30 project, which eventually became the Panther tank, for use by the German army in WW2. The Versuchs Konstruktion 30, (lit. "experiment construction" VK, and 30 ()). The design was intended to counter the Soviet T-34 and replace the Panzer III and IV as a heavy "breakthrough" tank. It had been requested in 1941 by the German Government. The Daimler Benz design was rejected however, and the Maschinenfabrik Augsburg-Nürnberg (MAN) design was selected. When Germany invaded the Soviet Union in June 1941, they expected

neg: Pacific War series attacked again by a second wave from Ozawa’s force, the Japanese pilots believing it to be a second US carrier as Halsey’s crew had extinguished the fires from the previous strike. Struck by bombs and torpedoes, the US carrier is desperately injured, perhaps mortally. In Washington, President Roosevelt confers with Admiral Stark and General Marshall, deciding that available resources need to be concentrated on defending Hawaii and that it is virtually impossible to relieve the embattled US forces defending the Philippines which have been invaded by the Imperial army. 1400hrs. US Task Force 12, comprising the carrier USS "Lexington" and

neg: Harbor Defenses of Manila and Subic Bays that the Japanese accepted that all of the islands had surrendered. Some units never did surrender, and became nuclei for guerrilla operations that continued until the Japanese were mostly killed or captured in early 1945, following MacArthur's return to the Philippines in force in October 1944. The conquest of the Philippines by Japan is often considered the worst military defeat in United States history. About 23,000 American military personnel were killed or captured, while Filipino soldiers killed or captured totaled around 100,000. The Philippines, Burma, and the Dutch East Indies were the last major territories the Japanese invaded in World

neg: Axis powers However, the United States instituted an embargo against Japan in 1941 because of the continuing war in China. This cut off Japan's supply of scrap metal and oil needed for industry, trade, and the war effort. To isolate the US forces stationed in the Philippines and to reduce US naval power, the Imperial General Headquarters ordered an attack on the US naval base at Pearl Harbor, Hawaii, on 7 December 1941. They also invaded Malaya and Hong Kong. Initially achieving a series of victories, by 1943 the Japanese forces were driven back towards the home islands. The Pacific War lasted

neg: Manila Mint outside the Continental United States. It produced coins until 1922 and then again from 1925 to 1941, when the Japanese Empire invaded the Philippines during World War II. The mint was operated under Japanese auspices during the occupation. No U.S. coins were produced at Manila after 1941 due to the occupation and to Philippine independence in 1946, although Philippine coinage did take place at the other U.S. mints in 1944 through 1946 (all dated 1944 and 1945 only). The mint also produced a special coinage for the inmates at the Culion Leper Colony. The building housing the mint was destroyed

neg: Pacific War GHQ. The planners noted attacking the Philippines and British Malaya still had possibilities of success, even in the worst case of a combined preemptive attack including Soviet forces. Following prolonged tensions between Japan and the Western powers, units of the Imperial Japanese Navy and Imperial Japanese Army launched simultaneous surprise attacks on Australian, British, Dutch and US forces on 7 December (8 December in Asia/West Pacific time zones). The locations of this first wave of Japanese attacks included Hawaii, Malaya, Sarawak, Guam, Wake Island, Hong Kong, and the Philippines. Japanese forces also simultaneously invaded southern and eastern Thailand and were

neg: Negros Occidental with the two provinces annexed back to the Philippines. During the succeeding decades between 1901 and the 1930s, Negros Occidental and Negros Oriental were both under Insular Government of the United States of America as with the rest of the nation and later under the Government of the Commonwealth of the Philippines. Economic growth continued especially with Philippine sugar having a part of the US market. The socio-economic lives of the island of Negros, from the 1950s up to the late 1980s, depended as before, mainly on the sugar industry. During World War II, both Negros provinces were invaded by

neg: Quinine the world's quinine production. U.S. attempts to prosecute the Kina Bureau proved unsuccessful. During World War II, Allied powers were cut off from their supply of quinine when Germany conquered the Netherlands, and Japan controlled the Philippines and Indonesia. The US had obtained four million cinchona seeds from the Philippines and began operating cinchona plantations in Costa Rica. Such supplies came too late. Tens of thousands of US troops in Africa and the South Pacific died due to the lack of quinine. Despite controlling the supply, the Japanese did not make effective use of quinine, and thousands of Japanese troops

neg: Fort Mills sinking. The ship was crowded with 1,200 to 1,500 persons, mostly Filipino civilians evacuating to Mindanao. 150 Philippine Army personnel and seven Americans were on board, along with several 2.95-inch mountain guns badly needed by the forces in the southern Philippines. Three PT boats ("PT-32", "PT-34" and "PT-35") picked up 282 survivors, of which seven later died. The main part of the Malinta Tunnel complex was built on Corregidor from 1932 to 1934, with construction continuing until the Philippines were invaded in December 1941. Most US forts of this era had only small underground facilities, and this tunnel complex was

neg: Anti-surface warfare platform from which weapons are launched: Anti-ship missiles include the Harpoon, RBS-15, P-500 Bazalt, Penguin and Exocet. Following the results of the Battle of Taranto and the Battle of Midway, the primary combatant ship type was the CV or fleet carrier. After WW2, the ASuW concept primarily involved the multiple carrier battle-groups fielded by the US Navy, against which the Soviet Union designed specialized strategies that did not equate to a 1:1 match of designs. Broadly speaking, military planners in the US after World War II envisioned that a Warsaw Pact invasion of Western Europe would require a massive convoy

neg: Artemio Ricarte big affairs with Filipino residents and Japanese officials. Just as Ricarte's life was fading away into obscurity, World War II began and Imperial Japanese Army invaded the Philippines. In 1942, when Japan's military forces occupied Manila, Prime Minister Tojo asked Ricarte to return to the Philippines to help maintain peace and order. He agreed and requested Tojo to give Philippines its genuine independence from the American colonial rule. Tojo thus promised Ricarte that if he could bring about peace and order in the Philippines within a year, the Japanese government would hand back to the Filipino people their independence. As

neg: Olongapo over Central Luzon made Black Saturday a 36-hour nightmare. This caused widespread damage to the US facility and Olongapo City. On September 16, 1991, the Senate leaders of the Philippines did not grant an extension of the existing RP-US Military Bases Agreement between the Republic of the Philippines and the US, thus terminating the stay of US military in the Philippines. Like his father before him, Mayor Richard Gordon, who was against the departure of the US military forces, lobbied for the turnover of the facility and its conversion into a freeport in 1992. To date, the renowned volunteerism strategy

neg: John F. Rider This, in time became his best known and greatest contribution to the business. There were a total of 23 volumes, ending in 1954. Rider also published over a 125 other technical books on servicing and radio theory authored by him or in collaboration. He was a contributor to the WW2 US war effort through his technical publications and teaching military personnel for the US Army. After WW2, many of the military training manuals were available at little or minimal charge. This was a great opportunity for publishers to capitalize on this as men leaving active military duty were looking to

neg: Wendell Fertig invaded numerous other islands without authorization, and his actions were followed by a retroactive endorsement from the Joint Chiefs. Manchester stated, "He [MacArthur] wanted to become the liberator of the Philippines." The Japanese Army's practice of referring to Fertig as "Major General Fertig, Commander in Chief in the Philippines" throughout the occupation period and its use of Japanese military notation in referring to the 10th Military District as the "10 Army Group" did not endear Fertig to MacArthur's headquarters. Manchester also relates that Lieutenant Colonel Courtney Whitney, an "ultraconservative Manila corporation lawyer" was assigned to MacArthur's staff, promoted, and assigned

neg: History of the Philippines they were driven out by the Dutch. The Spanish and the Moros of the sultanates of Maguindanao, Lanao and Sulu also waged many wars over hundreds of years in the Spanish-Moro conflict, not until the 19th century did Spain succeed in defeating the Sulu Sultanate and taking Mindanao under nominal suzerainty. The Spanish considered their war with the Muslims in Southeast Asia an extension of the Reconquista, a centuries-long campaign to retake and rechristianize the Spanish homeland which was invaded by the Muslims of the Umayyad Caliphate. The Spanish expeditions into the Philippines were also part of a larger Ibero-Islamic

neg: Nortraship were fixed and had subsidised rates; the remainder (the "free ships") were primarily sailing for the (still neutral) US at market rates. When Norway was invaded, German consuls boarded Norwegian vessels in several US harbours, attempting to have them sail for Norway. The Norwegian consulate did its best to counter this, and in deliberation with Norway's ambassador in London, "The Norwegian Shipping Committee" in New York was established. Among the challenges was the crew problem; due to the agreement with the British wages had been reduced from 5 June 1940, while crews on the "free ships" enjoyed an increase. Nazis

neg: Philippines and the Spratly Islands of the Philippines were informed about the situation, they instructed the troops based in Parola and Pagasa to stay on red alert status. The following morning, the only thing the Filipino soldiers could do on Parola was to "curse" while the South Vietnamese soldiers sang their national anthem. Philippine Malacañang officials, who did not want to compromise the alliance while the Vietnam War was still being fought, decided to remain silent. A few months later, the then recently formed unified Vietnam (after North Vietnam successfully invaded South Vietnam) decided to remove all remaining South Vietnamese troops in the Spratlys and

neg: Racial segregation in the United States Armed Forces War I, the Army Nurse Corps, established in 1901, remained white until 1941, when pressure from the National Association of Colored Graduate Nurses, and Eleanor Roosevelt, caused the Army to admit black nurses. A quota of 48 nurses was set, and the women were segregated from white nurses and white soldiers for much of the war. Eventually more black nurses enlisted. They were assigned to care for black soldiers, and served in the China-Burma-India theater, Australia, New Guinea, Liberia, England and the Philippines. African American women were in all fields of service for WW2. They stayed on the home front,

neg: Natividad Almeda-López Natividad Almeda-López Natividad Almeda-López (8 September 1892 – 22 January 1977) was the first female lawyer in the Philippines, passing the bar in 1914 and the first woman to defend a woman in a court of law. She was also the first female judge of the municipal court of Manila. She has been described as a "beacon in the feminist movement" She married Domingo López a lawyer when she was 30 and they had three children, Marita, Lulu and Jake. During WW2 she and her three children were evacuated from Manila to her husbands home city of Tayabas Almeda-López passed

neg: History of Japan country, further increasing tension in the Pacific. In late 1941, Japan's government, led by Prime Minister and General Hideki Tojo, decided to break the US-led embargo through force of arms. On December 7, 1941, the Imperial Japanese Navy launched a surprise attack on the American fleet at Pearl Harbor, Hawaii. This brought the US into World War II on the side of the Allies. Japan then successfully invaded the Asian colonies of the United States, the United Kingdom, and the Netherlands, including the Philippines, Malaya, Hong Kong, Singapore, Burma, and the Dutch East Indies. In the early stages of the

neg: Louis Edward Curdes response to the Italian armistice, Germany invaded its former ally. Curdes and some other pilots escaped before the Germans took control of the POW camp. They reached Allied territory on May 24, 1944. Curdes was repatriated to the US and returned to his hometown in Fort Wayne. Curdes requested a return to active duty and joined the 4th Fighter Squadron and the 3rd Air Commando in the Pacific in August 1944, flying the P-51 Mustang. By November 1944, parts of the Philippines were again under US control. His unit, the 3d Air Commando Group, had the task of bombing Japanese

neg: Ghazan that not one of the scholars dared to say anything to Ghazan except Ibn Taymiyyah who said: ""You claim that you are Muslim and you have with you Mu'adhdhins, Muftis, Imams and Shaykhs but you invaded us and reached our country for what? Although your father and your grandfather, Hulagu were non-believers, they did not attack us and they kept their promise. But you promised and broke your promise."" It is reported on the Mu'jamus Shuyuukh, Ibn Hajar Al-Asqalani said that Mongol leader who was apostate when he struggled against Mamluks and he converted to Christianity and built the Nestorian

neg: East Sea Campaign with local Viet Cong units in South Vietnam to take the Spratlys and other territories. During the 1970s the Spratly islands was already a source of dispute for many countries in the region with Malaysia, the People's Republic of China (Communist China), the Republic of China (Taiwan), the Philippines and South Vietnam all claimed sovereignty over all or parts of the islands. In early 1975 the underlying tension between the claimants came to the surface when South Vietnam invaded Southwest Cay, then occupied by the military forces of its wartime ally, the Philippines. In order to lure the Philippines soldiers

neg: World War II by country 1937. The war ended with the capitulation of Japan after the atomic bombings of Hiroshima and Nagasaki by the US. Although the US saw most action in the Pacific Theatre, the United Kingdom also had a role in Japan's defeat, particularly in the Burma campaign. The USSR did not declare war on Japan until 9 August 1945 when it invaded Manchuria. Kazakhstan was part of the Soviet Union during World War II. So see this article's section on the Soviet Union. During the war, Kenya was one of the single most important conscription grounds for the British Army in Africa.

neg: History of the tank crew finally enabled an internal command and control equal to the Germans. <from Panzer Division, the Mailed Fist: Bryce Macksey>)</ref> The United States had even more reason to standardize and mass-produce than did the Soviet Union. By concentrating on mechanical reliability, the US was able to produce vehicles that operated longer with fewer repair parts. To ensure that American tanks were compatible with American bridging equipment, the War Department restricted tank width and maximum weight to thirty tons. The army relaxed these requirements only in late 1944. When Germany invaded western Europe in 1940, the US Army had only 28

neg: M3 Gun Motor Carriage the U.S. Army in the Philippines in 1941–42, six months after it was designed. Three battalions of the Provisional Field Artillery Brigade operated T12s against the Japanese when they invaded the Philippines. During the early part of the campaign, the vehicle was used to provide direct covering fire and anti-tank support. The Japanese captured a few vehicles in 1942 and used them in the defense of the Philippines. By 1942, M3 GMCs were being used by tank destroyer battalions in the North African Campaign, each of which consisted of 36 M3s and four 37 mm M6 GMCs. The M3 GMCs,

neg: Philippine Air Force only three planes on its inventory. In 1941, PAAC had a total of 54 aircraft including pursuit (fighters) light bombers, reconnaissance aircraft, light transport and trainers. They later engaged the Japanese when they invaded the Philippines in 1941–42, and were reformed in 1945 after the country's liberation. The PAF became a separate military service on July 1, 1947, when President Manuel Roxas issued Executive Order No. 94. This order created the Philippine Naval Patrol and the Air Force as equal branches of the Philippine Army and the Philippine Constabulary under the now Armed Forces of the Philippines becoming Southeast Asia's

neg: Lost Battalion (1960 film) tries to move a guerilla unit and group of American refugees to the coast, so they can be rescued by submarine, all the while trying to avoid capture by the occupying Japanese forces. Leopoldo Salcedo played the handsome Filipino guerilla leader who is in love with a stranded American girl Kathy (Diane Jergens). The Philippines were overrun by the Japanese during WW2, and had to resort to guerilla fighting until General Douglas MacArthur made his famous return. The Philippines was liberated in 1945. This movie also features the main character, Ramon, with Mr. Hughes and his daughter Katherine, both Americans,

neg: Bernard Willson all Hagelin machines distributed to both allies and enemies, including: the Vatican; the Iranian Islamic regime; Saddam Hussein; Muammar Gaddafi; Ferdinand Marcos; Idi Amin. Access continued until at least 1983, when US Naval Intelligence officer Jonathan Pollard, sold the information to Mossad (the Israeli Intelligence Service), who traded it to the Soviet Union in return for more exit visas being given to Soviet Jews to emigrate to Israel. The KGB (the Soviet Intelligence Service) probably already knew of the backdoor, via their US-based spies, Aldrich Ames and Robert Hanssen. After WW2, in 1946 Willson returned to civilian life as an

neg: Michel catalog the complex WW2 era stamps of Germany, occupied territories, and provisional stamps. Unlike Scott, Michel does not issue a complete set of catalogs every year, instead updating only several of the volumes. Michel is also more detailed, with quantities issued, sheet formats, and so forth. Also of significance to some collectors is its coverage of countries and periods omitted by Scott for editorial or political reasons. For instance, US embargoes against Cuba, Iraq, and North Korea are reflected by Scott's failure to show market values for those countries' stamp issues (as late as 2002, Scott did not supply any information

neg: Leonides Sarao Virata degree, "cum laude", in 1941, both courses from the University of the Philippines. He did graduate work at the Harvard University, the University of Chicago, and Northwestern University. Virata was in the United States when the Philippine Commonwealth was evacuated to America because of the raging war in the Pacific. From 1946 to 1948, he worked as an officer of the Philippine Embassy in the US. After the war, the task of directing the economic research of the newly organized Central Bank of the Philippines in 1949 fell on him. Subsequently, he was appointed as the bank’s deputy governor and

neg: Norham Castle defences were needed in 1215, when Alexander II of Scotland, son of William the Lion, besieged the castle for forty days without success. In 1217 the castle was once again restored to the bishopric of Durham. Edward I, known as “Hammer of the Scots”, visited the castle more than once. He did so in 1292 when John Balliol, King of Scotland did homage to him there. In 1296 Edward invaded Scotland, and during his campaign, his queen, Marguerite of France, remained at Norham Castle. During the early fourteenth century, the Scots invaded Northumberland several times, but did not always attack

neg: MS Georges Philippar to a "catastrophic fire initiated by a malfunction in the high voltage DC power grid of the ship" and recommended to ban wooden fittings and panelling as much as possible in the design of future ships. The State of the art "Normandie" was one of the very first ships to benefit from these new guidelines, incorporating a massively over-engineered firefighting equipment, a less troublesome Alternating current powerplant and state of the art circuit breakers. Ironically this did not prevent "Normandie" from burning in New-York during WW2 as an inexperienced crew of US Coastguards had taken over from the French crew

neg: 542nd Parachute Infantry Regiment (United States) The US Airborne in WW2 542nd Parachute Infantry Regiment (United States) The 542nd Parachute Infantry Regiment was a regiment of the US Army during the World War II. Originally formed as a fully fledged regiment, the unit was later downsized to a Battalion and kept in Reserve in the United States until mid-1945 when it was deactivated. The 542nd Parachute Infantry Regiment came into existence on 1 September 1943 under the command of William T. Ryder, then a Lt. Colonel fresh from a tour of combat with the 82nd Airborne Division. The unit was formed in a Regimental Tent Encampment

neg: 2/2nd Field Regiment (Australia) of Australian troops in the Pacific had largely been taken over by US troops by then, leaving the Australian troops with a limited combat role in the last years of the war in the Pacific. As a result, the regiment did not see action again until late in the war when it was committed to the Aitape–Wewak campaign in late 1944 when Australian forces took over from US troops, which were redeployed to the Philippines. Arriving in December 1944, during the campaign, the 2/2nd initially supported the 16th Brigade as it advanced towards Wewak in January 1945. The following month,

neg: Japanese invasion money petroleum. The latter provided financial services in areas occupied by the Japanese military, and Southern Development Bank notes were in fact used as "de facto" military scrip. In December 1942, the outstanding balance of Southern Development Bank notes stood at more than 470 million; in March 1945, more than 13 billion. Already engaged in war with China, in 1940 the Japanese expanded the scope of their military operations in Asia and finally entered WW2 in late 1941 with the attack on Pearl Harbor. Japan invaded various Asian countries, occupying vast territories and setting up military administrations. Beginning with the capture

neg: DZMM-AM Anonymous Philippines. The text posted by the hackers on that website said that "our minds are constantly being invaded by legions of half-truths, prejudices, and false facts" and "the great needs of mankind is to be lifted above the morass of false propaganda." The hacking of the site did not affect their social media accounts nor the operations of the station and TeleRadyo, but did affect live streaming. The hacked website was later taken down by the mother network ABS-CBN and later replaced by a message that the site was down due to "heavy traffic"; days later the site was

neg: Wiktor Gilewicz the list includes the name of Wiktor Gilewicz. Wiktor Gilewicz Wiktor Gilewicz codename "Wolf" (b. 13 January 1907 Glukhov, Sumy Region – currently Ukraine, d. 10 November 1948 Kozhva, Pechora Region, Komi Republic – currently Russia) was a radio communication officer, captain of the Polish Home Army, and chief of the Section V (Communication) of the Command of Siedlce Region ZWZ-AK "Sowa" – "Jesion" in 1941–1944. Wiktor was a son of Piotr Gilewicz, court judge in Białystok, and Adela (nee Ostrowska). Piotr Gilewicz was arrested by the NKVD at the beginning of the WW2, straight after the Red Army invaded

neg: Wiktor Gilewicz Wiktor Gilewicz Wiktor Gilewicz codename "Wolf" (b. 13 January 1907 Glukhov, Sumy Region – currently Ukraine, d. 10 November 1948 Kozhva, Pechora Region, Komi Republic – currently Russia) was a radio communication officer, captain of the Polish Home Army, and chief of the Section V (Communication) of the Command of Siedlce Region ZWZ-AK "Sowa" – "Jesion" in 1941–1944. Wiktor was a son of Piotr Gilewicz, court judge in Białystok, and Adela (nee Ostrowska). Piotr Gilewicz was arrested by the NKVD at the beginning of the WW2, straight after the Red Army invaded Poland, and he died on the way to

neg: Tarfside a lodge which provide accommodation for groups or individuals. During WW2, a secret unit was based in the area known as the "Tarfside Patrol" This was led by Sgt W.D.Kidd, who reported to the Group Commander Captain H.A.Ferrier, and Asst G.C. Liuet A.J Mackie. An underground base would have been made which the patrol would have gone into hiding if the Germans had invaded. Research by the British Resistance Archive / Coleshill Auxiliary Research Team have identified the patrol members but as of yet not the operational base (bunker) Tarfside Tarfside is a small hamlet in Angus, Scotland. It is

neg: Rodolfo Biazon applied and passed for the US Navy. He was the class goat of PMA Class 1961 yet this did not prevent him from achieving his goal. As a soldier, he attained the following posts: Superintendent of PMA in 1986-87, Commandant of the Philippine Marines (PMC) in 1987-89, Commanding General of the NCR Defense Command in 1988-90, Armed Forces of the Philippines (AFP) Vice Chief of Staff in 1990-91 and Armed Forces of the Philippines Chief of Staff in 1991. He was assigned in Davao in 1983 during the Marcos administration. It was the time when the trust and confidence of

neg: Industry funding of academic research of relative percent of funding for research and absolute amount. Overall, the growth of industrial research funding has greatly outpaced public research funding growth, with US governmental research funding increasing by an average of 3.4% annually, while industrial research funding increased by an average of 5.4% annually from 1950 to 2004. Since WW2, industry funding of science has consistently represented the second largest source of funding for academic science. Industry funding of academic science did expand during the 1980s and 1990s following the passing of the Bayh-Dohl Act and a variety of both State and Federal proposals to increase funding

neg: Aurora Quezon the Philippines and the "Associación de Damas Filipinas", a noted orphanage in Manila. She was also the honorary president of another orphanage, the White Cross, located in San Juan. President Quezón was re-elected in November 1941, but his presidency was immediately beset with crisis when Japan invaded the Philippines in the following month. Aurora accompanied her husband to Corregidor in December, 1941, where the President was sworn in by Chief Justice José Abad Santos for his second term on December 30, 1941. For the next two months, the Quezón family remained in Corregidor where, despite the difficult living conditions, Quezón

neg: Philippines Republic of Negros in the Visayas, and the Republic of Zamboanga in Mindanao. During this era, a renaissance in Philippine culture occurred, with the expansion of Philippine cinema and literature. Daniel Burnham built an architectural plan for Manila which would have transformed it into a modern city. In 1935, the Philippines was granted Commonwealth status with Manuel Quezon as president. He designated a national language and introduced women's suffrage and land reform. Plans for independence over the next decade were interrupted by World War II when the Japanese Empire invaded and the Second Philippine Republic of José P. Laurel was

neg: Piso Point Piso Point Piso Point is a former Japanese naval base throughout World War II which is located at the eastern portion of the Davao Gulf, across from Davao City, Philippines. During the World War II, When the Japanese invaded southern Philippines, they occupied Davao City and Piso Point. Piso Point is also strategically located at the south with many overhanging trees which allows the Japanese to initiate camouflage attacks against their enemies. However, on April 1945, The U.S. army was given the mission to eradicate Japanese troops in Davao City and in both eastern and western portion of the Davao

neg: History of veterinary medicine in the Philippines Filipino veterinarians stayed in the Philippines to practice their profession. Others migrated to the United States, Australia, and other countries that has a demand for their services. In 1916, the veterinarian members of the Veterinary Corps of the US Army assigned to the Philippines were given military ranks (they previously did not have ranks in the US Army) and thus became commissioned military officers through the efforts of Dr. William Proctor Hill, the president of PVMA from 1910 to 1911. Dr. Hill, a graduate from the Ontario Veterinary College in Canada, was an advocate for the "regulation of the practice

neg: CIA activities in the Philippines could be a disastrous fallout between the US and Philippines if it ever got out that the US had been storing nuclear weapons in the Philippines without the prior consent of the government. A later dated memo disclosed that, although the Filipino public or government was not aware of the weapons being stored, Marcos had secretly known about them, but did not reveal their existence as it would not have been advantageous in the upcoming elections. On March 15, 1973 a memorandum was written that discussed the department of defense and the state have provided assistance which included equipment. The

neg: Labo, Ozamiz hinterlands where they have new farms and established a healthy and happy family. Bloodlines tells us that we inherited our ways tracing back to our forefathers. The Subanons, the healthy Filipino generation. After the surrender of regular forces in the Philippines to the Japanese in May 1942, during World War II, Labo was not occupied by the Japanese. In October 1942 Lieut. Col. Wendell Fertig established his headquarters in nearby Ozamis. Fertig commanded the guerrilla opposition to the Japanese on Mindanao. On June 26, 1943, the Japanese invaded the area and occupied Labo. Four days later, June 30, the guerrillas

neg: Mindanao the Philippines, officially entered World War II after Japanese soldiers invaded key cities in the islands. Many towns and cities were burned to the ground in Mindanao, most notably Davao City, Zamboanga City, Lanao, Cagayan de Oro, Iligan City, and Butuan. In the months of April and May 1942, Japanese forces defeated US troops commanded by Gen. William F. Sharp and Gen. Guy O. Fort, in a battle that started at Malabang (a town close to Gandamatu Macadar, Lanao) and ended close to the town of Ganassi, Lanao. Filipino soldiers and local guerrilla fighters were actively fighting Japanese forces until

neg: Philippines waged against the Sultanate of Ternate and Tidore (in response to Ternatean slaving and piracy against Spain's vassal states: Dapitan and Butuan). The Spanish considered their war with the Muslims in Southeast Asia an extension of the Reconquista, a centuries-long campaign to retake and rechristianize the Spanish homeland which was invaded by the Muslims of the Umayyad Caliphate. The Spanish expeditions into the Philippines were also part of a larger Ibero-Turkic world conflict that included a just war against the Ottoman Caliphate which had just recently invaded former Christian lands in the Eastern Mediterranean and had a center of operations

neg: OsRox Mission President Manuel Quezon led the Antis and objected the act due to its "objectionable features". He also believed that the act did not truly grant the Philippines independence. Aside from granting the Philippines independence, the Hare–Hawes–Cutting Act also reserved military bases from the US and let American goods into the country for free. These provisions were seen as controversial. The Philippine Legislature ended up rejecting the OsRox Mission's work for the following reasons: In November 1933, Quezon embarked on the last Independence Mission to the US to try to secure a better independence bill for the Philippines. He was not

neg: Royal Thai Navy second Asian nation to acquire submarines, following Japan, but has had no submarines since 1950. The United States Navy and Royal Thai Navy conduct the annual joint operation Cooperation Afloat Readiness and Training (CARAT). CARAT is an annual series of bilateral maritime training exercises of the US Navy and the armed forces of Singapore, Thailand, Malaysia, Indonesia, Brunei, and Philippines. In fiscal year 2018 (FY2018) the navy's budget is 43,835 million baht. During World War 2, Siam allied with Japan after Japan invaded Siam in 8 December 1941. Afterwards, the Thai navy contracted the Kawasaki Shipbuilding Corporation to build Thai

neg: Prostitution in Guam occupation. During the Japanese occupation of Guam in WW2, some local Chamorro women were forced to work in the Japanese military brothels set up on the island (I Tiempon Chapones) along with the Japanese and Korean woman the Japanese had brought there. After the American liberation of Guam, a number of brothels were set up to serve the American servicemen. The establishment of US bases on the island after the islands were liberated in WW2, increased the demand for prostitution. The tourist area of the Tumon district of Tamuning the island's de facto red-light district. There are many massage parlours,

neg: Filipinos in the French military Filipinos in the French military In 1858, when the Philippines was a Spanish colony, France and Spain invaded Vietnam. A number of French troops involved in this campaign became casualties as a result of contracting illnesses such as cholera, dysentery, tropical diseases, and rickets. In order to deal with the manpower shortage which resulted from this situation, the French consul in Manila, the colonial capital of the Philippines, was given permission by the Spanish government to recruit nine hundred Indians, as Filipinos were then known, for the French navy and a sufficient number of men to form an infantry company

neg: Jesus Barrera 1956 while serving as undersecretary of justice in the Philippines Barrera stated that the situation with regards to US military personnel off base, where they were generally tried by Philippine authorities when accused of a crime was workable, but that the situation on the US military bases where actions were not under Philippine criminal jurisdiction needed to change. He was the chair of the subcommittee negotiating the issue of jurisdiction during the 1956 US/Philippine talks trying to renegotiate the status of the US military areas in the Philippines. Berrara was also the secretary of justice for the Philippines in 1958.

neg: Maude C. Davison Mills Station Hospital on Corregidor Island in the Philippines. She was promoted to captain in 1941 and placed as chief nurse of the nursing corps of the Philippine Department. Most of the nurses in the Far East Command were serving under Davison with her second-in-command, Josephine Nesbit, at Sternberg Hospital on the south side of Manila Bay. When the Japanese invaded the Philippines, on 8 December 1941, the day after the bombing of Pearl Harbor, Davison organized civilian nurses to help with the casualties, sending five Army nurses and fifteen local Filipino nurses to the facility at Fort Stotsenburg. Within

neg: Languages of the Philippines 1762 when the British invaded Manila, but this was a brief episode that had no lasting influence. English later became more important and widespread during American rule between 1898 and 1946, and remains an official language of the Philippines. English is used in official documents of business, government, the legal system, medicine, the sciences and as a medium of instruction. Filipinos prefer textbooks for subjects like calculus, physics, chemistry, biology, etc., written in English rather than Filipino. However, the topics are usually taught, even in colleges, in Tagalog or the local language. By way of contrast, native languages are often

neg: Violence against women in the Philippines of Manila. With Manila falling to the hands of the Japanese forces, the troops from the Land of the Rising Sun invaded the whole of the Philippines, occupying it from 1942-1945 (See Attack on Pearl Harbor). During the Japanese occupation, Filipino women were greatly abused and violated. At this particular time in history, Filipino women were threatened and forced to labor as "comfort women." Upon their arrival in the country, the Japanese built "houses of relaxation" or comfort stations where Korean, Filipino, and Chinese women were brought and forced into service. From 1941-1942 - when the Japanese soldiers were just

neg: South-East Asian theatre of World War II South-East Asian theatre of World War II The South-East Asian Theatre of World War II was the name given to the campaigns of the Pacific War in Burma, Ceylon, India, Thailand, the Philippines, Indochina, Malaya and Singapore. Conflict in this theatre began when the Empire of Japan invaded French Indochina in September 1940 and rose to a new level following the raid on Pearl Harbor, and simultaneous attacks on Hong Kong, the Philippines, Thailand, Singapore and Malaya on 7 and 8 December 1941. The main landing at Singora (now Songkhla) on the east side of the Isthmus of Kra preceded

neg: Claro M. Recto Americas off-limits to the influence of the Old World, and states that the United States, Mexico, and countries in South and Central America were no longer open to European colonization. Recto was passionately against its implementation in Asia, wary of Japan's preeminence and its aggressive stance towards its neighbors. In his deliberation, he wrote about foreseeing the danger Japan posed to the Philippines and other Asian countries. His words proved prophetic when Japan invaded and colonized the region, including the Philippines from 1942-45. His eloquence and facility with the Spanish language were recognized throughout the Hispanic world. The "Enciclopedia Universal"

neg: Floyd Smith (physician) Smith founded a hospital there that contained fifty beds. In late 1924, Bessie Smith died while giving birth to their fifth child. He officially served with the Red Cross until 1927, but continued to run his own private medical practice. He then worked for the Insular lumber Company as an industrial doctor and worked around the country. During the Philippines Campaign (1941–42), when Japanese forces invaded the Philippines, Smith fled to Negros island where he and his Filipino friends were captured and taken in as a prisoner of war. For three years, Smith was then interned in various internment camps

neg: Santo Tomas Internment Camp Philippines on December 8, 1941, the same day as its raid on Pearl Harbor (on the Asian side of the International Date Line). American fighter aircraft were on patrol to meet an expected attack, but a ground fog delayed the Japanese aircraft on Formosa. When the attack finally came, most of the American air force was caught on the ground, and destroyed by Japanese bombers. On the same day, the Japanese invaded several locations in northern Luzon and advanced rapidly southward toward Manila, capital and largest city of the Philippines. The U.S. army, consisting of about 20,000 Americans and 80,000

neg: 1941 Philippine House of Representatives elections 1941 Philippine House of Representatives elections The Elections for the House of Representatives of the Philippines were held on November 11, 1941, with the ruling Nacionalista Party retaining a majority of the seats. Still, the party was prevented a clean sweep when three independents were elected. The elected congressmen were supposed to serve from December 30, 1941 to December 30, 1945 but World War II intervenedied Imperial Japan invaded the Philippines on December 8, 1941 and set up a puppet Second Philippine Republic, which then organized the National Assembly of the Second Philippine Republic in which its members were elected

neg: Josefa Llanes Escoda later became President of the Cultural Center of the Philippines during Pres.Corazon Aquino's Administration); and Antonio, Jr. She returned to the Philippines again in the 1940s after undergoing intensified training in Girl Scouting in USA sponsored by the Boy Scouts of the Philippines. Afterwards, she began to train young women to become girl scout leaders, then proceeded to organize the Girl Scouts of the Philippines. On 26 May 1940, President Manuel L. Quezon signed the charter of the Girl Scouts of the Philippines. Josefa became the group's first National Executive. During World War II, Japanese forces invaded the Philippines. By

neg: National Civilian WW2 Memorial Trust National Civilian WW2 Memorial Trust The National Civilian WW2 Memorial Trust (NCWW2MT) is a registered charity with the aim of preserving and restoring the National Picture Theatre in Kingston upon Hull, England. The National Picture Theatre on Beverley Road in Kingston upon Hull was a cinema which was built in 1914. During the Second World War, the cinema was bombed and mostly destroyed when an air raid took place on the night of 18 March 1941. A film had been showing at the time of the bombing, which was Charlie Chaplin's 'The Great Dictator'. All 150 people in the cinema

neg: Cold War New Zealand, Thailand and the Philippines (notably ANZUS in 1951 and SEATO in 1954), thereby guaranteeing the United States a number of long-term military bases. One of the more significant examples of the implementation of containment was US intervention in the Korean War. In June 1950, Kim Il-sung's North Korean People's Army invaded South Korea. Stalin approved and sent advisers to plan the North Korean invasion. To Stalin's surprise, the UN Security Council backed the defense of South Korea, though the Soviets were then boycotting meetings in protest that Taiwan and not Communist China held a permanent seat on the

neg: Annie Larsen affair the British government accusing them of planning to foment an armed uprising in India. This incident provoked outrage from the American government, and was followed by a number of incidents including the SS "Henry S" incident. The US Atlantic Fleet dispatched destroyers to the Philippines. The relations were strained until May 1916, when the British government decided to relax its aggressive policy and seek cooperation with the US. The "China" prisoners were released that month, but relations did not improve before November that year, with a number of exchanges through the rest of 1916. The issue was ultimately addressed by

neg: Piso Point Edgar D. Hoagland, Naval commander of the 24th Division of the U.S. army together with Ens. John Adams, USNR and their patrol torpedo boats approached Piso Point to destroy the remaining Japanese troops with their suicide boats. They won the battle against the Japanese troops and destroyed their remaining paraphernalia. Pacific war Online Encyclopedia: http://pwencycl.kgbudge.com/M/i/Mindanao.htm Piso Point Piso Point is a former Japanese naval base throughout World War II which is located at the eastern portion of the Davao Gulf, across from Davao City, Philippines. During the World War II, When the Japanese invaded southern Philippines, they occupied Davao City

neg: Emin (esoteric movement) working life as an apprentice tool maker at Borehamwood near London England. Armin did time in the R.A.F. as a quartermaster (His rank was staff sergeant) and whilst serving a year's WW2 assignment in India Armin was court martialled. This came near the climax of WW2, and during this time he married Violet Burton from Waterloo, who eventually became known as Ruth within the Emin. After the war Armin worked at various locations around the London areas, as manager of a furniture company based in Camden Town, London, and then as a market demonstrator. During the late 1940s and early

neg: History of Mexico remained strong and took the opportunity to invite foreign intervention against the liberals in order to forward their own cause. The French Intervention is the period when France invaded Mexico (1861), nominally to collect on defaulted loans to the liberal government of Benito Juárez, but it went further and at the invitation of Mexican conservatives seeking to restore monarchy in Mexico set Maximilian I on the Mexican throne. The US was engaged in its own Civil War (1861–65), so did not attempt to block the foreign intervention. Abraham Lincoln consistently supported the Mexican liberals. At the end of the civil

neg: You Have 0 Friends "it was a great parody, but just a decent episode that could have had more LOL moments". Grading it a D+, The A.V. Club's Todd VanDerWerff opined the episode "mostly made all of the jokes about [Facebook] that the rest of us did back when Facebook first invaded all of our lives. It doesn't give me high hopes for the inevitable Twitter episode the show does in 2013." "You Have 0 Friends", along with the thirteen other episodes from "South Park"'s fourteenth season, were released on a three-disc DVD set and two-disc Blu-ray set in the United States on April

neg: James Harden-Hickey as a telegraph cable-relay station, and James I was forced to surrender it to them, leaving him with only a homemade crown, and a schooner. While the Brazilians and British were threatening war over their respective claims, James I was forgotten, although he had the prior claim of sovereignty. Appeals to the United States to act as a mediator did nothing for his cause when US Secretary of State John Milton Hay released his letter appealing for American mediation to the press, opening James I to harsh ridicule in the popular press. After the British invaded "his" Trinidad island in

neg: Seacoast defense in the United States hold out against the Japanese and did not surrender until ordered by superiors after Corregidor had been overrun, but not until the US soldiers had sabotaged the guns and ordnance to prevent use by the Japanese. Ironically, even without the guns, the Japanese in Fort Drum were among the last holdouts when US forces recaptured the Philippines in 1945. Mines as we know them today were frequently referred to as torpedoes in the 19th and early 20th centuries. The self-propelled torpedo as we know it was derived from the concept of the mine, with early submarines and torpedo boats evolving

neg: Hindu–German Conspiracy ship planned to foment an armed uprising in India. These drew strong responses from the US government, prompting the US Atlantic Fleet to dispatch destroyers to the Pacific to protect the sovereignty of American vessels. Authorities in the Philippines were more cooperative, which assured Britain of knowledge of any plans against Hong Kong. The strained relations were relaxed in May 1916 when the Britain released the "China" prisoners and relaxed its aggressive policy seeking co-operation with the United States. However, diplomatic exchanges and relations did not improve before November that year. The conspiracy issue was ultimately addressed by William G.

neg: Moscow–Washington hotline to the US. The first official use of the hotline by the United States was when [[John F. Kennedy]] was [[Assassination of John F. Kennedy|assassinated]] on 22 November 1963. The first official use by the Soviet Union was on 5 June 1967 during the outbreak of the [[Six-Day War]]. The Moscow–Washington hotline was also used during the [[1971 Indo-Pakistani War]]; during the [[Yom Kippur War]] (1973 Arab–Israeli War), when there was a United States nuclear alert; in 1974, when [[Turkish invasion of Cyprus|Turkey invaded Cyprus]]; in 1979, when the [[Soviet–Afghan War|Soviet Union invaded Afghanistan]], and several times during the [[Reagan

neg: Hukbalahap Rebellion Japanese Army invaded the Philippines. The country did not have sufficient military capacity to protect its citizens and needed the help of the USA, under the USAFFE, to defend the country. Still, the peasants of Central Luzon fought against the Japanese for their own survival. The organized peasant movements of the 1930s in Central Luzon set the conditions for organized resistance against the Japanese. During the Japanese occupation, the organization became an underground political government with a full-functioning military committee composed of 67 squadrons in 1944. In March 29, 1942, 300 peasant leaders decided to form the HUKBALAHAP or the

neg: Puerto Rico a naval station, and recognized that it and Cuba generated lucrative crops of sugar – a valuable commercial commodity which the United States lacked, before the development of the sugar beet industry in the United States. On July 25, 1898, during the Spanish–American War, the U.S. invaded Puerto Rico with a landing at Guánica. As an outcome of the war, Spain ceded Puerto Rico, along with the Philippines and Guam, then under Spanish sovereignty, to the U.S. under the Treaty of Paris, which went into effect on April 11, 1899. Spain relinquished sovereignty over Cuba, but did not cede it

neg: Mitrailleuse d´Avion Browning - F.N. Calibre 13,2 mm and were considered equal to the 20 mm weapons used in the Romanian air force such as the Mg 151/20. In Finland the weapon were used to up arm a lot of Finlands fighter planes as a lot of them were on the brink of becoming obsolete. They were mainly used on their P-36 Hawk planes and their indigenous VL Myrsky. In Sweden the weapon became their main aircraft weapon of WW2, playing a similar role to what the M2 Browning did to the Americans during WW2 where basically all warplanes was armed with it as their main armament. The

neg: Commercial Pacific Cable Company trans-Pacific service slowed significantly from repeated faults and the general increase in war-related traffic. Despite repeated requests by US businesses and the Federal government, the company would not invest in improvements to increase traffic volume or speed. After the war conditions eased, but demand continued to be high and the company made repeated promises to invest in a second cable, but never did so. When the USA entered the Second World War, the cable connection from Midway to the Philippines closed quickly after 7 December 1941, and did not reopen until the war was over. By 1946 the cables were

neg: Pioneer (The Maine album) Love" EP, which was released on the same day. A behind-the-scenes video of the group recording the new songs was also released. On September 30, the group performed at the Bazooka Rocks Festival in the Philippines. On October 11, the band released an alternative version of "Like We Did (Windows Down)" under the name "Like We Did (When We Were Lost)". They explained it was "a more abstract take on friendship and adventure". In October and November, the group went on a co-headlining US tour with Mayday Parade. They were supported by The Postelles. On October 20, the group released

neg: Public opinion in the United States on the invasion of Iraq Nations Security Council were to reject a resolution paving the way for military action, 54% of Americans favored a U.S. invasion. And if the Bush administration did not seek a final Security Council vote, support for a war dropped to 47%. An ABC News/Washington Post poll taken after the beginning of the war showed a 62% support for the war, lower than the 79% in favor at the beginning of the Persian Gulf War. However, when the US invaded Iraq in Operation Iraqi Freedom, public support for the conflict rose once again. According to a Gallup poll, support for the

neg: Nursing in the Philippines of nurses to the US. As individuals began travelling to and from the US, the stories they brought home began to spark the interest of others to follow. After World War II, when Manuel Roxas assumed the presidency of the Republic of the Philippines on July 4, 1946, it officially marked the end of the colonialism between the US and the Philippines. Like much of the rest of the world, the Philippine islands were in ruins and Roxas was determined to rebuild his country. He made it clear to his constituents that the new government was still going to rely

neg: J. A. Ratcliffe J. A. Ratcliffe John Ashworth Ratcliffe CB OBE FRS (12 December 1902 – 25 October 1987), "JAR" or "Jack", was an influential British radio physicist. (Several sources misspell his name as Radcliffe.) He and his University of Cambridge group (which included physicist Frank Farmer) did much pioneering work on the ionosphere, immediately prior to World War II. He was one of many leading radio scientists who worked at the Telecommunications Research Establishment during WW2. Martin Ryle, Bernard Lovell, and Antony Hewish were co-workers there, and Ryle and Hewish joined his radio-physics group at Cambridge after WW2. He was elected to

neg: Capital punishment in the Philippines 2017, where it did not appear to have enough votes to pass. In a 2017 poll, 67% of Filipinos supported the death penalty. The Philippines was the only country aside from the United States that used the electric chair, due to its being introduced during the US colonial period. Until its first abolition in 1987, the country reverted to using death by firing squad. After re-introduction of the death penalty in 1993, the country switched to lethal injection as its sole method of execution. Capital punishment in the Philippines Capital punishment in the Philippines has a varied history and is

neg: Filipino Canadians their visas after they had expired, in hopes of returning to the US. Most of them did return to the US, but some stayed in Canada. From 1946 to 1964, the total number of Filipinos in Canada was 770. During the 1960s, Canada recruited more professionals, mostly from the United States, with some coming directly from the Philippines. Most of these nurses, technicians, office workers and doctors arrived in Winnipeg, Manitoba. In the late 1960s, more Filipinos came to Winnipeg to work in the garment industry. During the 1970s, most Filipinos came directly from the Philippines to Winnipeg to work

neg: 192nd Tank Battalion Battalion who went to the Philippines in October 1941, 328 did not survive the war. 192nd Tank Battalion The 192nd Tank Battalion of the United States Army was a federalized Army National Guard unit activated in November 1940. Deployed to the Philippines, the battalion was engaged in combat during the Japanese invasion and the US retreat to the Bataan Peninsula; being part of the force that surrendered to the Japanese there, it subsequently ceased to exist as an active unit. In 1941, the US Army Chief of Staff, General George C. Marshall, directed that the army's new M3 Stuart light

neg: Feltwell settlement during the Roman occupation: when the New Cut relief channel was excavated several Roman villas were discovered along the excavation route of the river, and were injudiciously destroyed. The village was the site of a busy RAF bomber command aerodrome in WW2 that now houses US schooling, furniture storage and some satellite tracking from three large aerials housed in distinctive balls. Other neighbouring RAF fields now used by USAFE are RAF Lakenheath and RAF Mildenhall. In August 1382 John Gower purchased the manors of Feltwell in Norfolk and Moulton in Suffolk. They were then granted to Thomas Blakelake, parson

neg: Attack on Pearl Harbor for war supply contracts. In 1940, Japan invaded French Indochina, attempting to stymie the flow of supplies reaching China. The United States halted shipments of airplanes, parts, machine tools, and aviation gasoline to Japan, which the latter perceived as an unfriendly act. The United States did not stop oil exports, however, partly because of the prevailing sentiment in Washington: given Japanese dependence on American oil, such an action was likely to be considered an extreme provocation. In mid-1940, President Franklin D. Roosevelt moved the Pacific Fleet from San Diego to Hawaii. He also ordered a military buildup in the Philippines,

neg: SIGSALY it was used by both General Dwight D. Eisenhower as the commander of SHAEF, and Churchill, before extensions were installed to the Embassy, 10 Downing Street and the Cabinet War Rooms. One was installed in a ship and followed General Douglas MacArthur during his South Pacific campaigns. In total during WW2, the system supported about 3,000 high-level telephone conferences. The installation and maintenance of all SIGSALY machines was undertaken by the specially formed and vetted members of the 805th Signal Service Company of the US Army Signal Corps. The system was cumbersome, but it worked very effectively. When the Allies

neg: Hearts of Iron III explained: Going 3D meant we could do another type of architecture where we could support more screen resolutions, and develop our maps in a quicker way. The biggest advantage from going 3D though was the ability to offload more to the GPU. With the machine advances during the last decade this gives us the biggest benefits in development when it comes to gameplay and AI. Paradox had a vision for the style of the map, given that the player would spend the majority of their time looking at it: "[...] to create a map that feels like a WW2 map,

neg: Malabang During the Spanish conquest, Malabang became the headquarters of Muhammad Kudarat, a great warrior and Sultan of Maguindanao. He used to spend time recuperating in Malabang throughout the period when he was fighting to defend Maguindanao against invasion. He later retired to Malabang when he fell ill. He eventually died and was buried there. In May 1977, Presidential Decree 1135 of President Ferdinand Marcos created the Municipality of Picong (formerly Sultan Gumander) out of the north-western portion of Malabang, where Sultan Kudarat's grave was located. During the Second World War, when the Japanese invaded the Philippines, the Japanese military built