query: the division of the nucleus and its contents is called

pos: Cell nucleus mitosis. However, this disassembly of the nucleus is not a universal feature of mitosis and does not occur in all cells. Some unicellular eukaryotes (e.g., yeasts) undergo so-called closed mitosis, in which the nuclear envelope remains intact. In closed mitosis, the daughter chromosomes migrate to opposite poles of the nucleus, which then divides in two. The cells of higher eukaryotes, however, usually undergo open mitosis, which is characterized by breakdown of the nuclear envelope. The daughter chromosomes then migrate to opposite poles of the mitotic spindle, and new nuclei reassemble around them. At a certain point during the cell cycle

pos: Cell nucleus microtubules come in contact with chromosomes, whose centromeric regions are incorporated into the nuclear envelope (the so-called closed mitosis with extranuclear spindle). In many other protists (e.g., ciliates, sporozoans) and fungi, the centrosomes are intranuclear, and their nuclear envelope also does not disassemble during cell division. Apoptosis is a controlled process in which the cell's structural components are destroyed, resulting in death of the cell. Changes associated with apoptosis directly affect the nucleus and its contents, for example, in the condensation of chromatin and the disintegration of the nuclear envelope and lamina. The destruction of the lamin networks is controlled

pos: Cell cycle a series of changes that takes place in a newly formed cell and its nucleus, before it becomes capable of division again. It is also called preparatory phase or intermitosis. Previously it was called resting stage because there is no apparent activity related to cell division.Typically interphase lasts for at least 91% of the total time required for the cell cycle. Interphase proceeds in three stages, G, S, and G, followed by the cycle of mitosis and cytokinesis. The cell's nuclear DNA contents are duplicated during S phase but may continue till G in case of heterochromatin. The first phase

pos: Chilodonella uncinata are heritable between sexual conjugations. "C. uncinata" goes through asexual reproduction for cell division and duplication called amitosis. As "C. uncinata" has two nuclei, it goes through two different styles of division of the nuclei. The germ-line nucleus goes through mitosis during asexual division while the somatic nucleus undergoes amitosis. Amitosis is a stochastic process where unlike in mitosis, there is no spindle formation to segregate chromosomes during nuclear division. Instead, the chromosomes within the somatic nucleus are duplicated, and the nucleus goes through binary division. The precise mechanism is unknown, but it is believed that somatic chromosomes that are

pos: Mitosis nuclear envelope is called a "semiopen" mitosis. With respesct to the symmetry of the spindle apparatus during metaphase, an approximately axially symmetric (centered) shape is called as "orthomitosis", distinguished from the eccentric spindles of "pleuromitosis", in which mitotic apparatus has a bilateral symmetry. Finally, a third criterion is the location of the central spindle in case of closed pleuromitosis: "extranuclear" (spindle located in the cytoplasm) or "intranuclear" (in the nucleus). Nuclear division takes place only in cells of organisms of the eukaryotic domain, as bacteria and archaea have no nucleus. Within each of the eukaryotic supergroups, mitosis of the open

pos: Cell growth briefly at M phase when the nucleus and then the cell divide in two. The process of cell division, called cell cycle, has four major parts called phases. The first part, called G phase is marked by synthesis of various enzymes that are required for DNA replication. The second part of the cell cycle is the S phase, where DNA replication produces two identical sets of chromosomes. The third part is the G phase in which a significant protein synthesis occurs, mainly involving the production of microtubules that are required during the process of division, called mitosis. The fourth phase,

pos: Flowering plant pistil (female reproductive structure), germinates, and grows a long pollen tube. While this pollen tube is growing, a haploid generative cell travels down the tube behind the tube nucleus. The generative cell divides by mitosis to produce two haploid ("n") sperm cells. As the pollen tube grows, it makes its way from the stigma, down the style and into the ovary. Here the pollen tube reaches the micropyle of the ovule and digests its way into one of the synergids, releasing its contents (which include the sperm cells). The synergid that the cells were released into degenerates and one sperm

pos: Biochemical switches in the cell cycle initiates mitotic entry. To conclude, spatial localization of cyclin B plays a role in mitotic entry. Translocation of cyclin B from the cytoplasm to the nucleus is necessary for cell division, but not sufficient, as its inhibitors do not allow the cell to enter mitosis prematurely. In addition to the back up inhibition of the cyclin B-Cdk1 complex, premature cellular division is prevented by the translocation of the cyclin B itself. The cyclin B-Cdk1 complex will remain in the cytoplasm in cells with DNA damage, rather than translocate to the nucleus, keeping the cell inhibiting the cell from entering mitosis.

pos: Trichomonas describe this form as a pseudocystic form. In its trophozoite form, "Trichomonas" undergoes cell division through an interesting process called cryptopleuromitosis. There are three common forms of mitosis: open, closed, and semi-open. In open mitosis, the nuclear envelope disappear so that mitotic spindles can interact with the chromosomes. In closed mitosis, the nuclear envelope does not disappear but mitotic spindles appear within the nucleus to separate the chromosomes. In semi-open mitosis, the nuclear envelope remains intact but the mitotic spindles pierce through the nuclear envelope to divide the chromosomes. Cryptopleuromitosis is different from all the other more commonly known methods

pos: Biochemical switches in the cell cycle exemplify the positive feedback loop that resembles that previously discovered, which activates the cyclin B-Cdk1 complex. In conclusion, nuclear localization of cyclin B is necessary for cellular entry into mitosis. The translocation of the cyclin from the cytoplasm to the nucleus, which allows for cellular division, is regulated by a positive feedback loop. Active cyclin B translocates to the nucleus and promotes activation and translocation of additional units of cyclin residing in the nucleus. This phenomenon is enhanced when considering phosphorylation. Phosphorylation of cyclin B promotes translocation to the nucleus, and cyclin B in the nucleus is much more likely

pos: Cell cycle levels in S and at their lowest near mitosis. Cell cycle The cell cycle, or cell-division cycle, is the series of events that take place in a cell leading to its division and duplication of its DNA (DNA replication) to produce two daughter cells. In bacteria, which lack a cell nucleus, the cell cycle is divided into the B, C, and D periods. The B period extends from the end of cell division to the beginning of DNA replication. DNA replication occurs during the C period. The D period refers to the stage between the end of DNA replication and

neg: Cell nucleus way to promote cell function. The nucleus maintains the integrity of genes and controls the activities of the cell by regulating gene expression—the nucleus is, therefore, the control center of the cell. The main structures making up the nucleus are the nuclear envelope, a double membrane that encloses the entire organelle and isolates its contents from the cellular cytoplasm, and the nuclear matrix (which includes the nuclear lamina), a network within the nucleus that adds mechanical support, much like the cytoskeleton, which supports the cell as a whole. Because the nuclear envelope is impermeable to large molecules, nuclear pores are

neg: Entamoeba gingivalis diameter. "Entamoeba gingivalis" have pseudopodia that allow them to move quickly and phagocytise the nucleus of polynuclear neutrophils by exonucleophagy in periodontal disease. Their spheroid nucleus is 2 micrometers to 4 micrometers in diameter and contains a small central endosome. There are numerous food vacuoles, which consists mostly of phagocitised PMN nucleus, blood cells and bacteria. The main activity of the amoeba "Entamoeba gingivalis" in the infected periodontal crevices, besides moving, consists in feeding on the nucleus of white blood cells. The amoeba penetrates into the cytoplasm to reach the nucleus and literally suctions its contents via the negative pressure

neg: Cell nucleus and mediate the replication of DNA during the cell cycle. The nucleus is an organelle found in eukaryotic cells. Inside its fully enclosed nuclear membrane, it contains the majority of the cell's genetic material. This material is organized as DNA molecules, along with a variety of proteins, to form chromosomes. The nuclear envelope allows the nucleus to control its contents, and separate them from the rest of the cytoplasm where necessary. This is important for controlling processes on either side of the nuclear membrane. In most cases where a cytoplasmic process needs to be restricted, a key participant is removed

neg: Human fertilization takes place, preventing other sperm from fertilizing the same egg. The oocyte now undergoes its second meiotic division producing the haploid ovum and releasing a polar body. The sperm nucleus then fuses with the ovum, enabling fusion of their genetic material. The fusion of cell membranes of the secondary oocyte and sperm takes place. In preparation for the fusion of their genetic material both the oocyte and the sperm undergo transformations as a reaction to the fusion of cell membranes. The oocyte completes its second meiotic division. This results in a mature ovum. The nucleus of the oocyte is called

neg: Spinal disc herniation can result in loss of bowel and bladder control as well as sexual dysfunction. This disorder is called cauda equina syndrome. Other complications include chronic pain. Most authors favour degeneration of the intervertebral disc as the major cause of spinal disc herniation and cite trauma as a low cause. Disc degeneration occurs both with degenerative disc disease and aging. With degeneration, the contents of the disc, the nucleus pulposus and anulus fibrosus, are exposed to altered loads. Specifically, the nucleus becomes fibrous and stiff and less able to bear load. The load is transferred to the anulus, which, if it

neg: Endomembrane system mutually exclusive processes and both may occur in cells. The nuclear envelope surrounds the nucleus, separating its contents from the cytoplasm. It has two membranes, each a lipid bilayer with associated proteins. The outer nuclear membrane is continuous with the rough endoplasmic reticulum membrane, and like that structure, features ribosomes attached to the surface. The outer membrane is also continuous with the inner nuclear membrane since the two layers are fused together at numerous tiny holes called nuclear pores that perforate the nuclear envelope. These pores are about 120 nm in diameter and regulate the passage of molecules between the

neg: 19th Mechanized Division (Greece) 19th Mechanized Division (Greece) The 19th Mechanized Division () was a mechanized infantry division of the Hellenic Army, established on 15 January 1941. Its formation was not completed until late March. Its nucleus was the pre-war Mechanized Cavalry Regiment, augmented with captured Italian tankettes and cars, motorcycles and Universal Carriers provided by the British. Although officially a "mechanized" unit, as the division was mostly truck-borne, it is usually called the 19th Motorized Division in English-language literature. The division confronted the German invasion of Greece on 6 April 1941, covering the left flank of the Eastern Macedonia Army Section defending the

neg: 19th Mechanized Division (Greece) II. 19th Mechanized Division (Greece) The 19th Mechanized Division () was a mechanized infantry division of the Hellenic Army, established on 15 January 1941. Its formation was not completed until late March. Its nucleus was the pre-war Mechanized Cavalry Regiment, augmented with captured Italian tankettes and cars, motorcycles and Universal Carriers provided by the British. Although officially a "mechanized" unit, as the division was mostly truck-borne, it is usually called the 19th Motorized Division in English-language literature. The division confronted the German invasion of Greece on 6 April 1941, covering the left flank of the Eastern Macedonia Army Section defending

neg: De motu corporum in gyrum the "Principia") from a nucleus that can be seen in "De Motu" – of which nearly all of the content also reappears in the "Principia". One of the surviving copies of "De Motu" was made by being entered in the Royal Society's register book, and its (Latin) text is available online. For ease of cross-reference to the contents of "De Motu" that appeared again in the "Principia", there are online sources for the "Principia" in English translation, as well as in Latin. "De motu corporum in gyrum" is short enough to set out here the contents of its different sections.

neg: Voting methods in deliberative assemblies division has been called, the order "Clear the Lobby" is given in the Commons ("Clear the Bar" in the Lords), and "division bells" ring out throughout the Parliamentary Estate to alert members that a vote is to take place. Members then physically separate themselves into the division lobbies, which are called Aye and No lobbies in the Commons (on the Speaker's right and left, respectively), and the Contents and Not Contents lobbies in the Lords. As members pass through the lobbies, clerks record their names and they are counted by tellers. Members have eight minutes to vote before the doors

neg: Joachim Hämmerling the rhizoid. Then he began studying the roles of the nucleus and cytoplasm by experimenting with the "Acetabularia". In 1938 while working at the Kaiser Wilhelm Institute for Biology, Hämmerling received a grant through a biology division within the Third Reich headed by Konrad Meyer to study exclusively the effect of the nucleus on development. The groundbreaking experiment came in 1943 when he determined the role of the nucleus. In his experiments, he removed the nucleus from a specific species of "Acetabularia" called "A. crenulata" and grafted it onto the cell of another a "Acetabularia" species called "A. mediterranea", in

neg: Herpes simplex virus of these membrane proteins may result in a hemifusion state. gB interaction with the gH/gL complex creates an entry pore for the viral capsid. gB interacts with glycosaminoglycans on the surface of the host cell. After the viral capsid enters the cellular cytoplasm, it is transported to the cell nucleus. Once attached to the nucleus at a nuclear entry pore, the capsid ejects its DNA contents via the capsid portal. The capsid portal is formed by 12 copies of portal protein, UL6, arranged as a ring; the proteins contain a leucine zipper sequence of amino acids, which allow them to

neg: Supraoptic nucleus secretion of some of the vesicles by a process known as exocytosis. The vesicle contents are released into the extracellular space, from where they diffuse into the bloodstream. Vasopressin (antidiuretic hormone, ADH) is released in response to solute concentration in the blood, decreased blood volume, or blood pressure. Some other inputs come from the brainstem, including from some of the noradrenergic neurons of the nucleus of the solitary tract and the ventrolateral medulla. However, many of the direct inputs to the supraoptic nucleus come from neurons just outside the nucleus (the "perinuclear zone"). Of the afferent inputs to the supraoptic

neg: Cell nucleus required to regulate nuclear transport of molecules across the envelope. The pores cross both nuclear membranes, providing a channel through which larger molecules must be actively transported by carrier proteins while allowing free movement of small molecules and ions. Movement of large molecules such as proteins and RNA through the pores is required for both gene expression and the maintenance of chromosomes. Although the interior of the nucleus does not contain any membrane-bound subcompartments, its contents are not uniform, and a number of "sub-nuclear bodies" exist, made up of unique proteins, RNA molecules, and particular parts of the chromosomes. The

neg: Ploidy haploidy in parasite species. The nucleus of a eukaryotic cell is haploid if it has a single set of chromosomes, each one not being part of a pair. By extension a cell may be called haploid if its nucleus is haploid, and an organism may be called haploid if its body cells (somatic cells) are haploid. The number of chromosomes in a single set is called the haploid number, given the symbol "n". If the number of chromosomes in the set is 1 (n=1) then the nucleus (or cell, organism) may be called monoploid. Gametes (sperm and ova) are haploid

neg: Cell nucleus aging in its sufferers. The exact mechanism by which the associated biochemical changes give rise to the aged phenotype is not well understood. The cell nucleus contains the majority of the cell's genetic material in the form of multiple linear DNA molecules organized into structures called chromosomes. Each human cell contains roughly two meters of DNA. During most of the cell cycle these are organized in a DNA-protein complex known as chromatin, and during cell division the chromatin can be seen to form the well-defined chromosomes familiar from a karyotype. A small fraction of the cell's genes are located instead

neg: Nucleus incertus theta rhythm and either its lesion or inhibition suppress the theta oscillation induced by brainstem stimulation. The nucleus incertus itself presents theta oscillations coupled to the hippocampal theta rhythm. Nucleus incertus The nucleus incertus is a region of the rodent pontine brainstem just ventral to the 4th ventricle. The nucleus incertus has a bilateral structure which sits near the brainstem, and is often also called 'nucleus O'. It consists of mostly ascending GABAergic projection neurons and glutamatergic neurons which innervate a broad range of forebrain regions involved in behavioural activation and the response to stress. This tegmental nucleus is part

neg: Bleb (cell biology) as larger parts of the fragmented apoptotic cell nucleus. Blebbing also has important functions in other cellular processes, including cell locomotion, cell division, and physical or chemical stresses. Blebs have been seen in cultured cells in certain stages of the cell cycle. These blebs are used for cell locomotion in embryogenesis. The types of blebs vary greatly, including variations in bleb growth rates, size, contents, and actin content. It also plays an important role in all five varieties of necrosis, a generally detrimental process. However, cell organelles do not spread into necrotic blebs. In 2004, a chemical known as blebbistatin

neg: Marvelous (company) announced its stock listing on the first section of the Tokyo Stock Exchange, effective on November 1, 2012. On January 1, 2013, MarvelousAQL Inc. established the amusement business division. The company's digital contents business division and amusement contents development division were moved into amusement business division, and was renamed as amusement development division. On February 1, 2013, MarvelousAQL Inc. established the digital contents business division. On July 1, 2014, MarvelousAQL Inc. was renamed as Marvelous Inc. On March 13, 2015, it was announced that Marvelous would acquire mobile gaming company G-Mode. This includes Data East IPs that G-Mode bought in

neg: Electron atom. Both the electron and electron neutrino can undergo a neutral current interaction via a exchange, and this is responsible for neutrino-electron elastic scattering. An electron can be "bound" to the nucleus of an atom by the attractive Coulomb force. A system of one or more electrons bound to a nucleus is called an atom. If the number of electrons is different from the nucleus' electrical charge, such an atom is called an ion. The wave-like behavior of a bound electron is described by a function called an atomic orbital. Each orbital has its own set of quantum numbers such

neg: Carinaria cristata is a ribbed, cap-shaped cone, about as wide as it is long. It is relatively small, and the body is too large to retract inside it. The body consists of a short proboscis, a central portion and a crested tail. The whole is roughly cylindrical and has a swimming fin on the opposite side from the shell, with a small sucker on its edge. The gelatinous body is translucent, and the gut and its contents can be seen through the body wall. The retinas of the eyes are visible as two black spots. The visceral nucleus, which includes the liver,

neg: Atomic nucleus other nucleons in contact with it. So, this nuclear energy is proportional to the volume. Surface energy. A nucleon at the surface of a nucleus interacts with fewer other nucleons than one in the interior of the nucleus and hence its binding energy is less. This surface energy term takes that into account and is therefore negative and is proportional to the surface area. Coulomb Energy. The electric repulsion between each pair of protons in a nucleus contributes toward decreasing its binding energy. Asymmetry energy (also called Pauli Energy). An energy associated with the Pauli exclusion principle. Were it not

neg: Protoplasm it is known that the cell contents are structurally very complex and contain multiple organelles. Protoplasm is composed of a mixture of small molecules such as ions, amino acids, monosaccharides and water, and macromolecules such as nucleic acids, proteins, lipids and polysaccharides. In eukaryotes the protoplasm surrounding the cell nucleus is known as the cytoplasm and that inside the nucleus as the nucleoplasm. In prokaryotes the material inside the plasma membrane is the bacterial cytoplasm, while in Gram-negative bacteria the region outside the plasma membrane but inside the outer membrane is the periplasm. Protoplasm was said to exist in two

neg: Sciatica by the compression of lumbar nerves L4 or L5 or sacral nerve S1. Less commonly, sacral nerves S2 or S3 or compression of the sciatic nerve itself may cause sciatica. In 90% of sciatica cases, this can occur as a result of a spinal disc bulge or herniation. Intervertebral spinal discs consist of an outer anulus fibrosus and an inner nucleus pulposus. The anulus fibrosus forms a rigid ring around the nucleus pulposus early in human development, and the gelatinous contents of the nucleus pulposus are thus contained within the disc. Discs separate the spinal vertebrae, thereby increasing spinal stability

neg: MicroRNA reactions take place inside the nucleus. Before plant miRNA:miRNA* duplexes are transported out of the nucleus, its 3' overhangs are methylated by a RNA methyltransferaseprotein called Hua-Enhancer1 (HEN1). The duplex is then transported out of the nucleus to the cytoplasm by a protein called Hasty (HST), an Exportin 5 homolog, where they disassemble and the mature miRNA is incorporated into the RISC. The mature miRNA is part of an active RNA-induced silencing complex (RISC) containing Dicer and many associated proteins. RISC is also known as a microRNA ribonucleoprotein complex (miRNP); A RISC with incorporated miRNA is sometimes referred to as

neg: Traditionalism (Spain) two major problems for those willing to discuss its theoretical contents: how to define the borders and how to capture the unalterable nucleus. In case of outward-leaning scholarly approaches the theory is defined very broadly and the term “Traditionalist” could be applied generously, also to personalities like Fernando VII or Francisco Franco. In case of inward-leaning approaches the theory is narrowed, generally to Carlism though in some cases even down to its branches. Scaled down to a non-reducible minimum, Traditionalism is politics understood as implementation of social reign of Jesus Christ; in practical terms it stands for a loosely organized

neg: Prokaryote However, this possibility remains the subject of considerable debate and skepticism. The division between prokaryotes and eukaryotes is usually considered the most important distinction or difference among organisms. The distinction is that eukaryotic cells have a "true" nucleus containing their DNA, whereas prokaryotic cells do not have a nucleus. Both eukaryotes and prokaryotes contain large RNA/protein structures called ribosomes, which produce protein. Another difference is that ribosomes in prokaryotes are smaller than in eukaryotes. However, two organelles found in many eukaryotic cells, mitochondria and chloroplasts, contain ribosomes similar in size and makeup to those found in prokaryotes. This is one

neg: Cell nucleus Scottish botanist Robert Brown in a talk at the Linnean Society of London. Brown was studying orchids under microscope when he observed an opaque area, which he called the "areola" or "nucleus", in the cells of the flower's outer layer. He did not suggest a potential function. In 1838, Matthias Schleiden proposed that the nucleus plays a role in generating cells, thus he introduced the name "cytoblast" (cell builder). He believed that he had observed new cells assembling around "cytoblasts". Franz Meyen was a strong opponent of this view, having already described cells multiplying by division and believing that many

neg: Heterothallism is the only diploid nucleus in the entire life cycle of "N. crassa". The diploid nucleus has 14 chromosomes formed from the two fused haploid nuclei that had 7 chromosomes each. Formation of the diploid nucleus is immediately followed by meiosis. The two sequential divisions of meiosis lead to four haploid nuclei, two of the A mating type and two of the a mating type. One further mitotic division leads to four A and four nuclei in each ascus. Meiosis is an essential part of the life cycle of all sexually reproducing organisms, and in its main features, meiosis in

neg: IWant free of charge, exclusive contents are only available to premium users who registered using their ABS-CBNmobile accounts The iWant TV app can be access through either the ABS-CBN Mobile 3G and 4G LTE network or through Wi-Fi. From the launching until the 30th of August, 2015, IWant TV has foreign contents from many pan-regional television channels such as NatGeo, the Food Network, E!, CNN, and Cartoon Network. These particular contents are now diverted into a new service called Sky On Demand which is exclusive to Sky subscribers. On August 31, 2015, iWant TV, together with StarFlix (a new division of

neg: Spinal disc herniation of, the lower back. When the spine is straight, such as in standing or lying down, internal pressure is equalized on all parts of the discs. While sitting or bending to lift, internal pressure on a disc can move from 17 psi (lying down) to over 300 psi (lifting with a rounded back). . Herniation of the contents of the disc into the spinal canal often occurs when the anterior side (stomach side) of the disc is compressed while sitting or bending forward, and the contents (nucleus pulposus) get pressed against the tightly stretched and thinned membrane (anulus fibrosus) on

neg: Center for Digital Research and Scholarship for New Media Teaching and Learning, Libraries Digital Program Division, Library Information Technology Office, and the Preservation and Digital Conversion Division) and that also including the establishing of the Copyright Advisory Office. Its founding director is Rebecca Kennison. CDRS’ portfolio includes support for a range of services and project. Columbia University’s institutional repository, called Academic Commons, showcases the research output of Columbia University and enhances the visibility of this work through indexing by search engines, including Google Scholar. Academic Commons guarantees long-term preservation of files. As an open-access repository, Academic Commons’ contents are universally accessible. Storing work in Academic Commons

neg: Multicellular organism somatic embryogenesis (e.g. land plants, most algae, many invertebrates). One hypothesis for the origin of multicellularity is that a group of function-specific cells aggregated into a slug-like mass called a grex, which moved as a multicellular unit. This is essentially what slime molds do. Another hypothesis is that a primitive cell underwent nucleus division, thereby becoming a coenocyte. A membrane would then form around each nucleus (and the cellular space and organelles occupied in the space), thereby resulting in a group of connected cells in one organism (this mechanism is observable in Drosophila). A third hypothesis is that as a

neg: Sarcoplasm Sarcoplasm Sarcoplasm is the cytoplasm of a myocyte (muscle fiber). It is comparable to the cytoplasm of other cells, but it contains unusually large amounts of "glycosomes" (granules of stored glycogen) and significant amounts of myoglobin, an oxygen-binding protein. The calcium ion concentration in sarcoplasma is also a special element of the muscle fiber; it is the means by which muscle contractions take place and are regulated. It contains mostly myofibrils (which are composed of sarcomeres), but its contents are otherwise comparable to those of the cytoplasm of other cells. It has a Golgi apparatus near the nucleus, mitochondria just

neg: Cell division cycle 7-related protein kinase Cell division cycle 7-related protein kinase Cell division cycle 7-related protein kinase is an enzyme that in humans is encoded by the "CDC7" gene. The Cdc7 kinase is involved in regulation of the cell cycle at the point of chromosomal DNA replication. The gene CDC7 appears to be conserved throughout eukaryotic evolution; this means that most eukaryotic cells have the Cdc7 kinase protein. The product encoded by this gene is predominantly localized in the nucleus and is a cell division cycle protein with kinase activity. The protein is a serine-threonine kinase that is activated by another protein called either Dbf4

neg: Megagametogenesis with its eight nuclei is called the embryo sac. Megagametogenesis Megagametogenesis is the development of a megaspore into an embryo sac, which is the gametophyte - though a highly reduced one - stage in the life cycle of vascular plants. In eudicot plants, the entire process happens inside the ovule of a plant. The details of the process vary by species, but the process described here is common. This process starts with a single diploid megasporocyte in the nucleus. This megasporocyte undergoes meiotic cell division to form four cells that are haploid. Three cells die and one that is most

neg: Isothalamus the classic arcuate nucleus (in fact heterogeneous), it has neurons of an own type. Also, it does not receive lemniscal afferent and is thus not a part of VC. It receives axons from the nucleus of the solitary tract. Its thalamocortical neurons send axons to the primary gustatory area located in the opercule of the insula. The nuclei corresponding to the lemniscal territory are called VP. The tactile part nucleus ventralis posterior caudalis VPC is the posterior part of the lateral region, in front of the pulvinar. It is the addition of a lateral nucleus VPL and of the superior

neg: Nucleus RTOS ISO 26262. Example devices using Nucleus products are as follows: Nucleus RTOS Nucleus RTOS is a real-time operating system (RTOS) offered by the Embedded Software Division of Mentor Graphics, a Siemens Business, supporting 32 and 64 bit embedded platforms. The Nucleus RTOS is designed for real-time embedded systems for use in medical, industrial, consumer, aerospace, and IoT applications. Nucleus RTOS was first released in 1993. The latest version of Nucleus RTOS is v3.x which includes features such as Power Management, Process Model, 64 bit support, Safety Certification, and support for heterogeneous multicore SOCs. Nucleus Process Model adds space domain partitioning

neg: Promyelocytic leukemia protein Promyelocytic leukemia protein Promyelocytic leukemia protein (PML) (also known as MYL, RNF71, PP8675 or TRIM19) is the protein product of the PML gene. PML protein is a tumor suppressor protein required for the assembly of a number of nuclear structures, called PML-nuclear bodies, which form amongst the chromatin of the cell nucleus. These nuclear bodies are present in mammalian nuclei, at about 1 to 30 per cell nucleus. PML-NBs are known to have a number of regulatory cellular functions, including involvement in programmed cell death, genome stability, antiviral effects and controlling cell division. PML mutation or loss, and the subsequent

neg: Diatom varies with specific ion content. The cytoplasmic layer is home to several organelles, like the chloroplasts and mitochondria. Before the centric diatom begins to expand, its nucleus is at the center of one of the valves and begins to move towards the center of the cytoplasmic layer before division is complete. Centric diatoms have a variety of shapes and sizes, depending on from which axis the shell extends, and if spines are present. Diatoms belong to a large group called the heterokonts, which include both autotrophs such as golden algae and kelp; and heterotrophs such as water moulds. The classification

neg: Cell nucleus a protein due to incomplete excision of exons or mis-incorporation of amino acids could have negative consequences for the cell; thus, incompletely modified RNA that reaches the cytoplasm is degraded rather than used in translation. During its lifetime, a nucleus may be broken down or destroyed, either in the process of cell division or as a consequence of apoptosis (the process of programmed cell death). During these events, the structural components of the nucleus — the envelope and lamina — can be systematically degraded. In most cells, the disassembly of the nuclear envelope marks the end of the prophase of

neg: John Goodsir and structure of cellular life and organisation. He concluded that all living organisms are formed of microscopic units, cells. Goodsir was not alone in postulating such a concept and the theory that cells form the basic structure of tissues in all plants and animals has been attributed to Matthius Schleiden and to Theodor Schwann. Goodsir posed and then answered the questions ‘What is a cell with its walls, contents, nucleus and nucleolus? How is a cell formed? How do cells multiply?’ The theory which he developed from these studies was original and won the extravagant praise of Rudolf Virchow (1821–1902),

neg: Evel Rabbati who lived in Lydda at the time of Gamaliel II, prepared the nucleus of it. It was then amplified, enriched, and revised by R. Ḥiyya, but as it was known to a small circle only, it was replaced by the later treatise Ebel Rabbati, which borrowed much from it. The treatise Semaḥot is a post-Talmudic product and originated in Palestine. This explains the many coincidences of its contents with the baraitot of the Jerusalem Talmud. It is a compilation from various older works; and in many passages traces of revision are to be noticed. The compiler incorporated a considerable part

neg: Lambda baryon Lambda baryon has also been observed in atomic nuclei called hypernuclei. These nuclei contain the same number of protons and neutrons as a known nucleus, but also contains one or in rare cases two Lambda particles. In such a scenario, the Lambda slides into the center of the nucleus (it is not a proton or a neutron, and thus is not affected by the Pauli exclusion principle), and it binds the nucleus more tightly together due to its interaction via the strong force. In a lithium isotope (ΛLi), it made the nucleus 19% smaller. The symbols encountered in this list

neg: 1st Wessex Artillery to form the nucleus of 2nd Wessex (Howitzer) Brigade RFA on the Isle of Wight. 2nd Hants Volunteer Artillery also provided the nucleus of the Wessex (Hampshire) Heavy Battery, Royal Garrison Artillery, with headquarters at Southsea. As the change of title indicates, 1st Wessex Brigade was now trained and equipped as field artillery rather than garrison artillery. It formed part of the Wessex Division of the TF. When war was declared in August 1914 the whole division was at its annual camp on Salisbury Plain. On mobilisation in 1914, the Territorials of the Wessex Division were sent to India to

neg: Nucleus RTOS Nucleus RTOS Nucleus RTOS is a real-time operating system (RTOS) offered by the Embedded Software Division of Mentor Graphics, a Siemens Business, supporting 32 and 64 bit embedded platforms. The Nucleus RTOS is designed for real-time embedded systems for use in medical, industrial, consumer, aerospace, and IoT applications. Nucleus RTOS was first released in 1993. The latest version of Nucleus RTOS is v3.x which includes features such as Power Management, Process Model, 64 bit support, Safety Certification, and support for heterogeneous multicore SOCs. Nucleus Process Model adds space domain partitioning for task and module isolation on SOCs with either a

neg: C-value contents are 40.97460% for X gametes, and 41.01724% for Y gametes. Summarizing these numbers: <div> C-value C-value is the amount, in picograms, of DNA contained within a haploid nucleus (e.g. a gamete) or one half the amount in a diploid somatic cell of a eukaryotic organism. In some cases (notably among diploid organisms), the terms C-value and genome size are used interchangeably; however, in polyploids the C-value may represent two or more genomes contained within the same nucleus. Greilhuber "et al." have suggested some new layers of terminology and associated abbreviations to clarify this issue, but these somewhat complex additions

neg: Atomic theory An electron can potentially be found at any distance from the nucleus, but, depending on its energy level, exists more frequently in certain regions around the nucleus than others; this pattern is referred to as its atomic orbital. The orbitals come in a variety of shapes-sphere, dumbbell, torus, etc.-with the nucleus in the middle. Atomic theory In chemistry and physics, atomic theory is a scientific theory of the nature of matter, which states that matter is composed of discrete units called atoms. It began as a philosophical concept in ancient Greece and entered the scientific mainstream in the early 19th

neg: MAPK/ERK pathway MAPK/ERK pathway The MAPK/ERK pathway (also known as the Ras-Raf-MEK-ERK pathway) is a chain of proteins in the cell that communicates a signal from a receptor on the surface of the cell to the DNA in the nucleus of the cell. The signal starts when a signaling molecule binds to the receptor on the cell surface and ends when the DNA in the nucleus expresses a protein and produces some change in the cell, such as cell division. The pathway includes many proteins, including MAPK (mitogen-activated protein kinases, originally called ERK, extracellular signal-regulated kinases), which communicate by adding phosphate groups

neg: 3rd Division (North Korea) reported to be part of the 2d Army Group reserves, facing the western side of the DMZ. 3rd Division (North Korea) The 3rd Infantry Division is a military formation of the Korean People's Army. The exact date of its formation is in dispute, but it occurred sometime between May 1947 and October 1948, at Pyongyang. In its organization, the 3d Division seemed to parallel the structural pattern of a typical North Korean Infantry Division. In keeping with the standard triangular organization of North Korean military formations, the 7th, 8th and 9th Rifle Regiments formed the combat nucleus of the division.

neg: 3rd Division (North Korea) 3rd Division (North Korea) The 3rd Infantry Division is a military formation of the Korean People's Army. The exact date of its formation is in dispute, but it occurred sometime between May 1947 and October 1948, at Pyongyang. In its organization, the 3d Division seemed to parallel the structural pattern of a typical North Korean Infantry Division. In keeping with the standard triangular organization of North Korean military formations, the 7th, 8th and 9th Rifle Regiments formed the combat nucleus of the division. Organized with a total strength of roughly 3,400 soldiers, the Division's command post was initially located at

neg: Neurospora crassa fuse with each other to form a diploid nucleus (see Figure). This nucleus is the only diploid nucleus in the entire life cycle of "N. crassa". The diploid nucleus has 14 chromosomes formed from the two fused haploid nuclei that had 7 chromosomes each. Formation of the diploid nucleus is immediately followed by meiosis. The two sequential divisions of meiosis lead to four haploid nuclei, two of the "A" mating type and two of the "a" mating type. One further mitotic division leads to four "A" and four "a" nucleus in each ascus. Meiosis is an essential part of the

neg: FOXO1 the cell-division cycle at cyclin G1 (CCNG1) out of one of two ways stimulating or suppressing gene transcription. In its un-phosphorylated state, FOXO1 is localized to the nucleus, where it binds to the insulin response sequence located in the promoter for glucose 6-phosphatase and increases its rate of transcription. FOXO1, through increasing transcription of glucose-6-phosphatase, indirectly increases the rate of hepatic glucose production. However, when FOXO1 is phosphorylated by Akt on Thr-24, Ser-256, and Ser-319, it is excluded from the nucleus, where it is then ubiquitinated and degraded. The phosphorylation of FOXO1 by Akt subsequently decreases the hepatic glucose production

neg: Radioactive decay one isotope to another of the same element. The nucleus may capture an orbiting electron, causing a proton to convert into a neutron in a process called electron capture. All of these processes result in a well-defined nuclear transmutation. By contrast, there are radioactive decay processes that do not result in a nuclear transmutation. The energy of an excited nucleus may be emitted as a gamma ray in a process called gamma decay, or that energy may be lost when the nucleus interacts with an orbital electron causing its ejection from the atom, in a process called internal conversion. Another

neg: Ventral lateral nucleus Ventral lateral nucleus The ventral lateral nucleus (VL) is a nucleus in the ventral nuclear group of the thalamus. It receives neuronal inputs from the basal ganglia which includes the substantia nigra and the globus pallidus (via the thalamic fasciculus). It also has inputs from the cerebellum (via the dentatothalamic tract). It sends neuronal output to the primary motor cortex and premotor cortex. The ventral lateral nucleus in the thalamus forms the motor functional division in the thalamic nuclei along with the ventral anterior nucleus. The ventral lateral nucleus receives motor information from the cerebellum and the globus pallidus. Output

neg: Arcuate nucleus arcuate nucleus to the median eminence to influence the release of hormones from the pituitary gland. Neurons of the arcuate nucleus have intrahypothalamic projections for neuroendrocrine circuitry. such as neural projections that influence feeding behavior project to the paraventricular nucleus of the hypothalamus (PVH), the dorsomedial hypothalamic nucleus (DMH, and the lateral hypothalamic area (LHA). Populations of neurons connect to the intermediate lobes of the pituitary gland, from the lateral division of the ARH to the neural and intermediate parts of the pituitary gland, and the caudal division of ARH to the median eminence. Groups of neurons that project elsewhere

neg: Dai-Guard which is managed by Public Relations Division 2. However, during a security exposition in 2030, a Heterodyne attacks, and the ill-prepared and unarmed robot is taken into battle by its pilot Akagi Shunsuke. His headstrong nature, combined with the talents of his fellow crew, enable Dai-Guard to be victorious against multiple Heterodyne attacks causing the military to want it back. Heterodyne are mysterious entities formed from dimensional quakes all around Japan and are attracted to electromagnetic hot-spots. Crystalline hexagons called Fractal Knots act as their nucleus and they form bodies using the matter around them. Although Fractal Knots replicate themselves

neg: Gigantocellular reticular nucleus nucleus project to the gigantocellular nucleus. The dorsal rostral section of the nucleus reticularis gigantocellularis is also involved in mediating expiration (or out-breathing) along with the parvocellular nucleus. It also receives inputs from the pedunculopontine nucleus. Gigantocellular reticular nucleus The gigantocellular nucleus is a subregion of the medullary reticular formation. As the name indicates, is mainly composed of the so-called giant neuronal cells. This nucleus has been known to innervate the caudal hypoglossal nucleus, and responds to glutamatergic stimuli. The gigantocellular nucleus excites the hypoglossal nucleus, and can play a role in the actions of the said nerve. It additionally

neg: Chloroplast but failed to digest it—much like the cyanobacterium at the beginning of this story. The engulfed alga was broken down, leaving only its chloroplast, and sometimes its cell membrane and nucleus, forming a chloroplast with three or four membranes—the two cyanobacterial membranes, sometimes the eaten alga's cell membrane, and the phagosomal vacuole from the host's cell membrane. The genes in the phagocytosed eukaryote's nucleus are often transferred to the secondary host's nucleus. Cryptomonads and chlorarachniophytes retain the phagocytosed eukaryote's nucleus, an object called a nucleomorph, located between the second and third membranes of the chloroplast. All secondary chloroplasts come from

neg: Heterothallism The central cell in the curve of the hook contains one A and one a nucleus (see Figure). This binuclear cell initiates ascus formation and is called an “ascus-initial” cell. Next the two uninucleate cells on either side of the first ascus-forming cell fuse with each other to form a binucleate cell that can grow to form a further crozier that can then form its own ascus-initial cell. This process can then be repeated multiple times. After formation of the ascus-initial cell, the A and a nucleus fuse with each other to form a diploid nucleus (see Figure). This nucleus

neg: Cell division control protein 4 the cdc4 gene is called FBXW7. The corresponding gene product is the F-box/WD repeat-containing protein 7. In the nematode "C. elegans", the homologue to Cdc4 is F-box/WD repeat-containing protein sel-10. Cdc4 has a molecular weight of 86'089Da, an isoelectric point of 7.14, and consists of 779 amino acids. It resides exclusively in the nucleus because of a single monopartite nuclear localisation sequence (NLS) comprising amino acids 82-85 in the N-terminal domain. Cdc4 is one component of the E3 complex SCF (CDC4), which comprises CDC53, SKP1, RBX1, and CDC4. Its 779 amino acids (in "S. cerevisiae") are arranged into one F-box

neg: Lentiform nucleus hemisphere. It is bounded laterally by a lamina of white substance called the external capsule, and lateral to this is a thin layer of gray substance termed the claustrum. Its anterior end is continuous with the lower part of the head of the caudate nucleus and with the anterior perforated substance. In a coronal section through the middle of the lentiform nucleus, two medullary laminae are seen dividing it into three parts. The lateral and largest part is of a reddish color, and is known as the putamen, while the medial and intermediate are of a yellowish tint, and together

neg: SM Culture & Contents has signed 10 musical theater actor/actress: veteran actors Kang Pil Suk, Kim Jae Bum, Lim Byung Geun, Sung Doo Sup, Park Jung Bok, Yoon Na Moo, and upcoming stars Yoon So Ho, Jung Ha Ru, Park Jin, and Kim Yeo Jin. In October 2017, SM C&C acquired Advertisement Division of SK Planet, expanding its business area. SM C&C divided into four division: Location: 416, HanGang-daero, Jung-gu, Seoul, Republic of Korea Location: 48-6, Sangamsan-ro, Mapo-gu, Seoul, Korea Location: 648, Samseong-ro, Gangnam-gu, Seoul, Korea (Main Headquarters) Location: 20, Mugyo-ro, Jung-gu, Seoul, Korea SM Culture & Contents SM Culture & Contents (; SM

neg: Roja Muthiah Research Library significance of the library and the need to preserve its valuable contents the University of Chicago bought the entire collection in 1994. However, with the library being deeply rooted in south Indian culture and tradition, it was decided that the collection would remain in Tamil Nadu to form the nucleus of a research library. RMRL Trust now maintains this rare private collection of Tamil imprints in collaboration with the University of Chicago. The vast collection in RMRL is a direct reflection of Tamil print heritage and culture, spanning a period of over 200 years, the earliest title being a book,

neg: 4th Marine Division (United States) 4th Marine Division units. While 1 July 1962 is regarded as the date of reactivation of the division, it was not until 14 February 1966 that the 4th Marine Division headquarters nucleus was actually activated at Camp Pendleton. The division was given the primary mission "to establish an effective staff nucleus capable of directing, controlling and integrating, as directed, the mobilization planning and logistics functions preceding the activation of the 4th Marine Division and of ensuring an orderly and efficient mobilization of the division." Major General Robert E. Cushman, Jr., commanding general of Camp Pendleton was given the additional responsibility

neg: Mating in fungi (see Figure). This nucleus is the only diploid nucleus in the entire life cycle of "N. crassa". The diploid nucleus has 14 chromosomes formed from the two fused haploid nuclei that had 7 chromosomes each. Formation of the diploid nucleus is immediately followed by meiosis. The two sequential divisions of meiosis lead to four haploid nuclei, two of the "A" mating type and two of the "a" mating type. One further mitotic division leads to four "A" and four "a" nucleus in each ascus. Meiosis is an essential part of the life cycle of all sexually reproducing organisms, and in

neg: ABS-CBNnews.com ABS-CBNnews.com ABS-CBNnews.com is a news website based in Quezon City, Philippines. It is owned by the media conglomerate ABS-CBN and it is predominantly targeted to the Filipino market. The website is maintained by the ABS-CBN Digital Media division of ABS-CBN while its contents are provided by ABS-CBN News and The Philippine Star. Aside from the website interface, users can also access its contents through its mobile app available in both iOS, android and Windows. The ABS-CBNnews.com app is also available on LG Smart TV. Although the domain address of the website was absorbed to the ABS-CBN.com website, it still retains

neg: Chemistry made up of positively charged protons and uncharged neutrons (together called nucleons), while the electron cloud consists of negatively charged electrons which orbit the nucleus. In a neutral atom, the negatively charged electrons balance out the positive charge of the protons. The nucleus is dense; the mass of a nucleon is approximately 1,836 times that of an electron, yet the radius of an atom is about 10,000 times that of its nucleus. The atom is also the smallest entity that can be envisaged to retain the chemical properties of the element, such as electronegativity, ionization potential, preferred oxidation state(s), coordination

neg: Nucleus incertus Nucleus incertus The nucleus incertus is a region of the rodent pontine brainstem just ventral to the 4th ventricle. The nucleus incertus has a bilateral structure which sits near the brainstem, and is often also called 'nucleus O'. It consists of mostly ascending GABAergic projection neurons and glutamatergic neurons which innervate a broad range of forebrain regions involved in behavioural activation and the response to stress. This tegmental nucleus is part of the theta network. The nucleus incertus is a relay from the reticularis pontis oralis nucleus to the septo-hippocampal system. The stimulation of the nucleus incertus activates the hippocampal

neg: 30th Armored Division (United States) 30th Armored Division (United States) The 30th Armored Division was a Tennessee-based unit of the Army National Guard from the 1950s to the 1970s. In 1954 the 30th Infantry Division was reorganized, with units in North Carolina and South Carolina constituting the 30th Infantry Division, and units in Tennessee forming the nucleus of the new 30th Armored Division. Though never federalized during wartime, the 30th Armored Division (called "Volunteers," for Tennessee's "Volunteer State" nickname) was activated for support to law enforcement, including responses to civil disturbances in Memphis and Nashville after the assassination of Martin Luther King, Jr. In 1968

neg: 30th Armored Division (United States) units during the Vietnam War. The 30th Armored Division's lineage was carried by the Tennessee Army National Guard's 30th Armored Brigade until the brigade's inactivation in 1996. 30th Armored Division (United States) The 30th Armored Division was a Tennessee-based unit of the Army National Guard from the 1950s to the 1970s. In 1954 the 30th Infantry Division was reorganized, with units in North Carolina and South Carolina constituting the 30th Infantry Division, and units in Tennessee forming the nucleus of the new 30th Armored Division. Though never federalized during wartime, the 30th Armored Division (called "Volunteers," for Tennessee's "Volunteer State"

neg: Pandemonium effect structure studies. Pandemonium effect The Pandemonium effect is a problem that may appear when high resolution detectors (usually germanium detectors) are used in beta decay studies. It can affect the correct determination of the feeding to the different levels of the daughter nucleus. It was first introduced in 1977. Typically, when a parent nucleus beta-decays into its daughter, there is some final energy available which is shared between the final products of the decay. This is called the Q value of the beta decay ("Q"). The daughter nucleus doesn't necessarily end up in the ground state after the decay, this

neg: Pandemonium effect Pandemonium effect The Pandemonium effect is a problem that may appear when high resolution detectors (usually germanium detectors) are used in beta decay studies. It can affect the correct determination of the feeding to the different levels of the daughter nucleus. It was first introduced in 1977. Typically, when a parent nucleus beta-decays into its daughter, there is some final energy available which is shared between the final products of the decay. This is called the Q value of the beta decay ("Q"). The daughter nucleus doesn't necessarily end up in the ground state after the decay, this only happens

neg: Gigantocellular reticular nucleus Gigantocellular reticular nucleus The gigantocellular nucleus is a subregion of the medullary reticular formation. As the name indicates, is mainly composed of the so-called giant neuronal cells. This nucleus has been known to innervate the caudal hypoglossal nucleus, and responds to glutamatergic stimuli. The gigantocellular nucleus excites the hypoglossal nucleus, and can play a role in the actions of the said nerve. It additionally receives connections from the periaqueductal gray, the paraventricular hypothalamic nucleus, central nucleus of the amygdala, lateral hypothalamic area, and parvocellular reticular nucleus. Retrograde studies have shown that the deep mesencephalic reticular formation and oral pontine reticular

neg: Optic radiation examination. Optic radiation The optic radiation (also known as the geniculocalcarine tract, the geniculostriate pathway, and posterior thalamic radiation) are axons from the neurons in the lateral geniculate nucleus to the primary visual cortex. The optic radiation receives blood through deep branches of the middle cerebral artery and posterior cerebral artery. They carry visual information through two divisions (called upper and lower division) to the visual cortex (also called "striate cortex") along the calcarine fissure. There is one such tract on each side of the brain. If a lesion only exists in one optic radiation, the consequence is called quadrantanopia,

neg: Optic radiation Optic radiation The optic radiation (also known as the geniculocalcarine tract, the geniculostriate pathway, and posterior thalamic radiation) are axons from the neurons in the lateral geniculate nucleus to the primary visual cortex. The optic radiation receives blood through deep branches of the middle cerebral artery and posterior cerebral artery. They carry visual information through two divisions (called upper and lower division) to the visual cortex (also called "striate cortex") along the calcarine fissure. There is one such tract on each side of the brain. If a lesion only exists in one optic radiation, the consequence is called quadrantanopia, which

neg: Active galactic nucleus Active galactic nucleus An active galactic nucleus (AGN) is a compact region at the center of a galaxy that has a much higher than normal luminosity over at least some portion of the electromagnetic spectrum with characteristics indicating that the luminosity is not produced by stars. Such excess non-stellar emission has been observed in the radio, microwave, infrared, optical, ultra-violet, X-ray and gamma ray wavebands. A galaxy hosting an AGN is called an "active galaxy". The radiation from an AGN is believed to result from the accretion of matter by a supermassive black hole at the center of its host

neg: Inferior colliculus ears. There is some lateralization, the dorsal projections (containing vertical data) only project to the contralateral inferior colliculus. This inferior colliculus contralateral to the ear it is receiving the most information from, then projects to its ipsilateral medial geniculate nucleus. The medial geniculate body (MGB) is the output connection from inferior colliculus and the last subcortical way station. The MGB is composed of ventral, dorsal, and medial divisions, which are relatively similar in humans and other mammals. The ventral division receives auditory signals from the central nucleus of the IC. The majority of the ascending fibers from the lateral lemniscus

neg: Phonotactics reduced to by elision of the in what is known as yod-dropping. Not all languages have this constraint: compare Spanish pliegue" or French pluie" . Constraints on English phonotactics include: Segments of a syllable are universally distributed following what is called the Sonority Sequencing Principle (SSP), which states that, in any syllable, the nucleus has maximal sonority and that sonority decreases as you move away from the nucleus. Sonority is a measure of the amplitude of a speech sound. The particular ranking of each speech sound by sonority, called the sonority hierarchy, is language-specific, but, in its broad lines, hardly

neg: Nucleus raphe magnus the nucleus raphe magnus is part of the endogenous opiate system, and acts to inhibit pain in the spinal cord. Nucleus raphe magnus The nucleus raphe magnus (called the nucleus raphes magnus by Terminologia Anatomica and some scientific publications), is located directly rostral to the nucleus raphe obscurus, and receives input from the spinal cord and cerebellum. This makes the nucleus raphe magnus a likely candidate for part of the motor system; however, it seems to participate in the endogenous analgesia system. Mounting evidence suggests that the nucleus raphe magnus plays an important role in homeostatic regulation. The nucleus raphe

neg: Nuclear force advances in computational techniques leading to better first-principles calculations of the nuclear shell structure. Two- and three-nucleon potentials have been implemented for nuclides up to "A" = 12. A successful way of describing nuclear interactions is to construct one potential for the whole nucleus instead of considering all its nucleon components. This is called the "macroscopic" approach. For example, scattering of neutrons from nuclei can be described by considering a plane wave in the potential of the nucleus, which comprises a real part and an imaginary part. This model is often called the optical model since it resembles the case

neg: Endosperm egg cell, forming a zygote, while the other sperm nucleus usually fuses with the binucleate central cell, forming a primary endosperm cell (its nucleus is often called the "triple fusion nucleus"). That cell created in the process of double fertilization develops into the endosperm. Because it is formed by a separate fertilization, the endosperm constitutes an organism separate from the growing embryo. About 70% of angiosperm species have endosperm cells that are polyploid. These are typically triploid (containing three sets of chromosomes), but can vary widely from diploid (2n) to 15n. One species of flowering plant, "Nuphar polysepala", has been

neg: Cell cycle Cell cycle The cell cycle, or cell-division cycle, is the series of events that take place in a cell leading to its division and duplication of its DNA (DNA replication) to produce two daughter cells. In bacteria, which lack a cell nucleus, the cell cycle is divided into the B, C, and D periods. The B period extends from the end of cell division to the beginning of DNA replication. DNA replication occurs during the C period. The D period refers to the stage between the end of DNA replication and the splitting of the bacterial cell into two daughter

neg: Fastigial nucleus Fastigial nucleus The fastigial nucleus is located in the cerebellum. It is one of the four deep cerebellar nuclei (the others being the nucleus dentatus, nucleus emboliformis and nucleus globosus), and is grey matter embedded in the white matter of the cerebellum. It refers specifically to the concentration of gray matter nearest to the middle line at the anterior end of the superior vermis, and immediately over the roof of the fourth ventricle (the peak of which is called the "fastigium"), from which it is separated by a thin layer of white matter. It is smaller than the nucleus dentatus,

neg: Nucleon Nucleon In chemistry and physics, a nucleon is either a proton or a neutron, considered in its role as a component of an atomic nucleus. The number of nucleons in a nucleus defines an isotope's mass number (nucleon number). Until the 1960s, nucleons were thought to be elementary particles, not made up of smaller parts. Now they are known to be composite particles, made of three quarks bound together by the so-called strong interaction. The interaction between two or more nucleons is called internucleon interaction or nuclear force, which is also ultimately caused by the strong interaction. (Before the discovery

neg: Biochemical switches in the cell cycle for the cyclin to translocate to the nucleus prior to NEB in order to induce cell cycle progression into mitotic division. Therefore, Santos et al. conclude that the phosphorylation of the cyclin B promotes the translocation to the nucleus. However, in addition, translocation to the nucleus promotes phosphorylation of the cyclin. It is noted by the authors that phosphorylation of cyclin B is nineteen times more favorable in the nucleus than in the cytoplasm, due to the smaller overall volume of the nucleus, allowing a faster phosphorylation rate. The increased translocation due to phosphorylation and increased phosphorylation due to translocation

neg: Uropod (immunology) integrin/ICAM binding between cells. The uropod protrusion extends from the cell body due to actin polymerization and actomyosin extension, as cellular signals interact with cell and membrane contents. Actomyosin contraction pushes the cell forward by squeezing the cell contents in the direction of cell movement, prompting release of adhesion forces between the cell and environment and resulting in an overall change in position towards the extracellular signals. These cyclic steps ensure fast movement towards a specific stimulus, such as pathogenic proteins or other signals. The uropod protrudes backward from the nucleus and main cell body and contains specific organelles, densely

neg: 120th Division (Imperial Japanese Army) via Sasebo, Nagasaki and dissolved 25 October 1945. 120th Division (Imperial Japanese Army) The was an infantry division of the Imperial Japanese Army. Its call sign was the . It was formed 21 November 1944 in Dongning, Heilongjiang as a triangular division. The nucleus for the formation was the leftovers of 12th division . The division was initially assigned to the 3rd army. Initially the "120th division" was tasked with security duties in east Manchukuo. In March 1945, it was reassigned to the 17th area army, and its former positions were taken by 128th division. In May 1945, the headquarters

neg: 120th Division (Imperial Japanese Army) 120th Division (Imperial Japanese Army) The was an infantry division of the Imperial Japanese Army. Its call sign was the . It was formed 21 November 1944 in Dongning, Heilongjiang as a triangular division. The nucleus for the formation was the leftovers of 12th division . The division was initially assigned to the 3rd army. Initially the "120th division" was tasked with security duties in east Manchukuo. In March 1945, it was reassigned to the 17th area army, and its former positions were taken by 128th division. In May 1945, the headquarters and auxiliary forces were completed transfer in Gyeongsan,

neg: Cell cycle checkpoint Cell cycle checkpoint All living organisms are the products of repeated rounds of cell growth and division. During this process, known as the cell cycle, a cell duplicates its contents and then divides in two. The purpose of the cell cycle is to accurately duplicate each organism's DNA and then divide the cell and its contents evenly between the two resulting cells. In eukaryotes, the cell cycle consists of four main stages: G, during which a cell is metabolically active and continuously grows; S phase, during which DNA replication takes place; G, during which cell growth continues and the cell