query: when did the state of the union address start

pos: State of the Union be read by a clerk until 1913 when Woodrow Wilson re-established the practice despite some initial controversy. However, there have been exceptions to this rule. Presidents during the latter half of the 20th century have sent written State of the Union addresses. The last President to do this was Jimmy Carter in 1981, after his defeat by Ronald Reagan and days before his term ended. For many years, the speech was referred to as "the President's Annual Message to Congress". The actual term "State of the Union" first emerged in 1934 when Franklin D. Roosevelt used the phrase, becoming its

pos: 1908 State of the Union Address 1908 State of the Union Address The 1908 State of the Union Address was written on Tuesday, December 8, 1908, by Theodore Roosevelt, the 26th President of the United States. He did not speak directly to the 60th United States Congress. That did not happen until 1913. He said about the navy, "I approve the recommendations of the General Board for the increase of the Navy, calling especial attention to the need of additional destroyers and colliers, and above all, of the four battleships. It is desirable to complete as soon as possible a squadron of eight battleships of the

pos: 1908 State of the Union Address best existing type." 1908 State of the Union Address The 1908 State of the Union Address was written on Tuesday, December 8, 1908, by Theodore Roosevelt, the 26th President of the United States. He did not speak directly to the 60th United States Congress. That did not happen until 1913. He said about the navy, "I approve the recommendations of the General Board for the increase of the Navy, calling especial attention to the need of additional destroyers and colliers, and above all, of the four battleships. It is desirable to complete as soon as possible a squadron of eight

neg: 1805 State of the Union Address 1805 State of the Union Address The 1805 State of the Union Address was given by the third President of the United States, Thomas Jefferson, on Tuesday, December 3, 1805. He did not directly give it to the 9th United States Congress. He only presented his written address. It was the first of his second term in the White House. He began with, "At a moment when the nations of Europe are in commotion and arming against each other, and when those with whom we have principal intercourse are engaged in the general contest, and when the countenance of some

neg: 1973 State of the Union Address that we sometimes had to learn the hard way over the past few years. But we did learn it. That lesson is that even potentially destructive forces can be converted into positive forces when we know how to channel them, and when we use common sense and common decency to create a climate of mutual respect and goodwill. By working together and harnessing the forces of nature, Americans have unlocked some of the great mysteries of the universe." 1973 State of the Union Address The 1973 State of the Union Address was given to the 93rd United States Congress on

neg: 1805 State of the Union Address tend to secure the liberty, property, and personal safety of our fellow citizens, and to consolidate the republican forms and principles of our Government." 1805 State of the Union Address The 1805 State of the Union Address was given by the third President of the United States, Thomas Jefferson, on Tuesday, December 3, 1805. He did not directly give it to the 9th United States Congress. He only presented his written address. It was the first of his second term in the White House. He began with, "At a moment when the nations of Europe are in commotion and arming

neg: 1872 State of the Union Address Reconstruction Era, when African Americans were freed. 1872 State of the Union Address The 1872 State of the Union Address was given by Ulysses S. Grant, the 18th United States President, on December 2, 1872. He did not speak it to the 42nd United States Congress, because that was the custom at the time. He said, "In transmitting to you this my fourth annual message it is with thankfulness to the Giver of All Good that as a nation we have been blessed for the past year with peace at home, peace abroad, and a general prosperity vouchsafed to but

neg: 2010 State of the Union Address 2010 State of the Union Address The 2010 State of the Union Address was given by United States President Barack Obama on January 27, 2010, to a joint session of Congress. It was aired on all the major networks starting at 9 pm ET. It was Obama's first State of the Union Address, though the president did give a non-State of the Union address to a joint session of Congress a month after taking office in 2009. The speech was delivered in the United States House of Representatives in the United States Capitol. The presiding officers of the Senate and

neg: 1836 State of the Union Address I shall not cease to invoke that beneficent Being to whose providence we are already so signally indebted for the continuance of His blessings on our beloved country." 1836 State of the Union Address The 1836 State of the Union Address was given by Andrew Jackson, the seventh president of the United States, on December 5, 1836. He did not personally deliver the address to the 24th United States Congress, but a clerk did. He concluded it with, "All that has occurred during my Administration is calculated to inspire me with increased confidence in the stability of our institutions; and

neg: 1836 State of the Union Address 1836 State of the Union Address The 1836 State of the Union Address was given by Andrew Jackson, the seventh president of the United States, on December 5, 1836. He did not personally deliver the address to the 24th United States Congress, but a clerk did. He concluded it with, "All that has occurred during my Administration is calculated to inspire me with increased confidence in the stability of our institutions; and should I be spared to enter upon that retirement which is so suitable to my age and infirm health and so much desired by me in other respects,

neg: Response to the State of the Union address Union addresses, there have been five official responses to non–State of the Union speeches which were delivered soon after presidential inaugurations. Response to the State of the Union address The response to the State of the Union address is a rebuttal speech, often brief, delivered by a representative (or representatives) of the opposition party following a presidential State of the Union address. When the president is a Democrat, the rebuttal is given by a Republican, and vice versa. The practice began in 1966 when Republican U.S. Senator Everett Dirksen (Illinois) and U.S. Representative Gerald Ford (Michigan) appeared on TV to

neg: Speeches of Barack Obama Secretary Steven Chu was chosen as the designated survivor and did not attend the speech. The 2010 State of the Union Address was given by United States President Barack Obama on January 27, 2010, to a joint session of Congress. It was aired on all the major networks starting at 9 pm ET. It was Obama's first State of the Union Address, though the president did give a non-State of the Union address to a joint session of Congress a month after taking office in 2009. The speech was delivered in the United States House of Representatives in the United

neg: Response to the State of the Union address Response to the State of the Union address The response to the State of the Union address is a rebuttal speech, often brief, delivered by a representative (or representatives) of the opposition party following a presidential State of the Union address. When the president is a Democrat, the rebuttal is given by a Republican, and vice versa. The practice began in 1966 when Republican U.S. Senator Everett Dirksen (Illinois) and U.S. Representative Gerald Ford (Michigan) appeared on TV to offer a response to the address by Democratic President Lyndon Johnson. The opposition party's response has varied in format, ranging from

neg: 1801 State of the Union Address be thankful to Him that our own peace has been preserved through so perilous a season, and ourselves permitted quietly to cultivate the earth and to practice and improve those arts which tend to increase our comforts." During the address Jefferson proclaimed the Washington Doctrine of Unstable Alliances. 1801 State of the Union Address The 1801 State of the Union Address was written by Thomas Jefferson, the third President of the United States, on Tuesday, December 8, 1801. It was his first annual address, and it was presented in Washington, D.C, by a clerk. He did not speak it to

neg: 2013 State of the Union Address declined so as to celebrate his wedding anniversary with his wife and friends. The designated survivor is the member of the president's cabinet who does not attend the address in case of a catastrophic event, in order to maintain a continuity of government. The designated survivor for the 2013 State of the Union Address was United States Secretary of Energy Steven Chu. Obama's 2013 State of the Union Address was, in the words of CNN's Rebecca Sinderbrand, "a companion to the ideological offensive in his inauguration speech." The New York Times added: "Obama did not match the lofty tone of

neg: 2004 State of the Union Address harbors across the country to increase civil liberties, something which President Bush opposed. The tax cuts that the President had made were heavily opposed by Democrats, as well. They also said that the President did not hold up his end of the deal in the No Child Left Behind Act. 2004 State of the Union Address The 2004 State of the Union Address was a speech given by President of the United States George W. Bush on Tuesday, January 20, 2004, to a joint session of the United States Congress. This address was the last of President Bush's first term.

neg: 1829 State of the Union Address 1829 State of the Union Address The 1829 State of the Union Address was given by Andrew Jackson, the seventh President of the United States. He did not speak directly to the 21st United States Congress, but it was still important. Presented on Tuesday, December 8, 1829, in the United States House of Representatives chamber, it was his first address. He said, "In communicating with you for the first time it is to me a source of unfeigned satisfaction, calling for mutual gratulation and devout thanks to a benign Providence, that we are at peace with all man-kind, and that

neg: 1801 State of the Union Address 1801 State of the Union Address The 1801 State of the Union Address was written by Thomas Jefferson, the third President of the United States, on Tuesday, December 8, 1801. It was his first annual address, and it was presented in Washington, D.C, by a clerk. He did not speak it to the 7th United States Congress, because he thought that would make him seem like a king. He said, "Whilst we devoutly return thanks to the beneficent Being who has been pleased to breathe into them the spirit of conciliation and forgiveness, we are bound with peculiar gratitude to

neg: 1829 State of the Union Address our country exhibits the most cheering evidence of general welfare and progressive improvement." He addressed the Natives, There the benevolent may endeavor to teach them the arts of civilization, and, by promoting union and harmony among them, to raise up an interesting commonwealth, destined to perpetuate the race and to attest the humanity and justice of this Government." 1829 State of the Union Address The 1829 State of the Union Address was given by Andrew Jackson, the seventh President of the United States. He did not speak directly to the 21st United States Congress, but it was still important. Presented

neg: Presidency of Donald Trump positive information about him. On his Twitter account, he posted a brief video asserting that Google had promoted President Barack Obama's State of the Union addresses on its home page, while not promoting his. Buzzfeed News and others noted that Google had, in fact, promoted Trump's 2018 address. Although Google did not promote Trump's January 2017 address to a joint session of Congress, it also did not promote Obama's February 2009 address, as neither were technically State of the Union addresses. In October 2018, Trump praised US representative Greg Gianforte for assaulting political reporter Ben Jacobs in 2017. According to

neg: 1856 State of the Union Address popular freedom, has distinguished and characterized the people of America." He also stated, "In the long series of acts of indirect aggression, the first was the strenuous agitation by citizens of the Northern States, in Congress and out of it, of the question of Negro emancipation in the Southern States." President Pierce supported the Kansas-Nebraska act. This neutralized the issue of slavery in the central states, and did not say whether to allow it or not. 1856 State of the Union Address The 1856 State of the Union Address was given by Franklin Pierce, the 14th President of the United

neg: 1900 State of the Union Address States Congress. He did not deliver it as a speech. 1900 State of the Union Address The 1900 State of the Union Address was written by William McKinley, the 25th President of the United States. He began it with these words: "At the outgoing of the old and the incoming of the new century you begin the last session of the Fifty-sixth Congress with evidences on every hand of individual and national prosperity and with proof of the growing strength and increasing power for good of Republican institutions." It was the last of the four addresses given by McKinley. It

neg: 1999 State of the Union Address "solving the so-called Y2K computer problem". The president did not mention the then-occurring impeachment trial in the Senate. The speech lasted 1:18:40 and consisted of 7,514 words. In the speech, the president acknowledged the widows of the officers killed in the United States Capitol shooting incident of 1998. The Republican Party response was delivered by Representatives Jennifer Dunn and Steve Largent in Washington, D.C.. Andrew Cuomo, the Secretary of Housing and Urban Development, served as the designated survivor. 1999 State of the Union Address The 1999 State of the Union address was given by President Bill Clinton to a joint

neg: 1906 State of the Union Address 1906 State of the Union Address The 1906 State of the Union Address was written by Theodore Roosevelt, the 26th President of the United States, on Monday, December 3, 1906. He did not speak directly to the 59th United States Congress. He said, "The readiness and efficiency of both the Army and Navy in dealing with the recent sudden crisis in Cuba illustrate afresh their value to the Nation. This readiness and efficiency would have been very much less had it not been for the existence of the General Staff in the Army and the General Board in the Navy;

neg: 1906 State of the Union Address both are essential to the proper development and use of our military forces afloat and ashore." 1906 State of the Union Address The 1906 State of the Union Address was written by Theodore Roosevelt, the 26th President of the United States, on Monday, December 3, 1906. He did not speak directly to the 59th United States Congress. He said, "The readiness and efficiency of both the Army and Navy in dealing with the recent sudden crisis in Cuba illustrate afresh their value to the Nation. This readiness and efficiency would have been very much less had it not been for

neg: 1872 State of the Union Address 1872 State of the Union Address The 1872 State of the Union Address was given by Ulysses S. Grant, the 18th United States President, on December 2, 1872. He did not speak it to the 42nd United States Congress, because that was the custom at the time. He said, "In transmitting to you this my fourth annual message it is with thankfulness to the Giver of All Good that as a nation we have been blessed for the past year with peace at home, peace abroad, and a general prosperity vouchsafed to but few peoples." IT was given during the

neg: 1996 State of the Union Address 1996 State of the Union Address The 1996 State of the Union address was given by President Bill Clinton to a joint session of the 104th United States Congress on Tuesday, January 23, 1996. The speech was the last State of the Union address of President Clinton's first term. This speech occurred shortly after the federal government shutdown of 1995 and 1996 which had resulted from disagreements on the 1996 United States federal budget. President Clinton discussed the economy and declared that "the era of big government is over," and continued, "but we cannot go back to the time when

neg: 1974 State of the Union Address 1974 State of the Union Address The 1974 State of the Union Address was given to the 93rd United States Congress, on Wednesday, January 30, 1974, by Richard Nixon, the 37th President of the United States. He said, "We meet here tonight at a time of great challenge and great opportunities for America. We meet at a time when we face great problems at home and abroad that will test the strength of our fiber as a nation. But we also meet at a time when that fiber has been tested, and it has proved strong. "America is a great

neg: 1920 State of the Union Address came when the German people found themselves face to face with the conscience of the world and realized that right was everywhere arrayed against the wrong that their government was attempting to perpetrate." He is referring to how the United States contributed to the victory of World War I. 1920 State of the Union Address The 1920 State of the Union Address was written by the 28th President of the United States, Woodrow Wilson, on Tuesday, December 7, 1920. It was his last address to both houses of the 66th United States Congress. Warren Harding would become president on Friday,

neg: 2000 State of the Union Address Clinton discussed many topics in the address, including education, health care, crime, the global economy, technology, and the environment. It was Clinton's last State of the Union address. He left office on January 20, 2001. It was also the longest State of the Union address in recorded history at 1:29. This State of the Union address is notable for being the first since Reagan's 1986 State of the Union Address that all 9 members of the Supreme Court were absent. It is speculated that their absence was due to Clinton's recent impeachment. 2000 State of the Union Address The 2000

neg: 2011 State of the Union Address of the "Citizens United" decision, Supreme Court Justices Samuel Alito, Antonin Scalia, and Clarence Thomas did not attend the speech. Secretary of the Interior Ken Salazar served as the designated survivor and did not attend the speech. According to a White House fact sheet published by NMD Newswire US-President Obama underscored in his 2011 State of the Union Address "the need to maintain America’s leadership in a rapidly changing world so that our economy is competitive – growing and working for all Americans." In order to achieve this Obama outlined "a plan to help the United States win the future

neg: Criticism of government response to Hurricane Katrina Discussion of the recovery efforts for Hurricane Katrina took a back seat to terrorism and Iraq in his 2006 State of the Union Address. In that speech, Bush did not mention any human suffering caused by the storm or its aftermath, and did not acknowledge any shortcomings in his administration's response. Many people criticized Bush for failing to mention hurricane recovery in his 2007 State of the Union Address. In a September 26, 2005 hearing, former FEMA chief Michael Brown testified before a U.S. House subcommittee about FEMA's response. During that hearing, Representative Stephen Buyer (R-IN) inquired as to why

neg: 1860 State of the Union Address the Southern States has at length produced its natural effects. The different sections of the Union are now arrayed against each other, and the time has arrived, so much dreaded by the Father of his Country, when hostile geographical parties have been formed." 1860 State of the Union Address The 1860 State of the Union Address was written by James Buchanan, the 15th President of the United States. It was read on Monday, December 3, 1860, to both houses of the 36th United States Congress, by a clerk. He stated, "Why is it, then, that discontent now so extensively prevails,

neg: 1802 State of the Union Address good affection and harmony with our Indian neighbors; our burthens lightened, yet our income sufficient for the public wants, and the produce of the year great beyond example." 1802 State of the Union Address The 1802 State of the Union Address was written by Thomas Jefferson, the third President of the United States, on Wednesday, December 15, 1802. He said, "When we assemble together, fellow citizens, to consider the state of our beloved country, our just attentions are first drawn to those pleasing circumstances which mark the goodness of that Being from whose favor they flow and the large measure

neg: 1802 State of the Union Address 1802 State of the Union Address The 1802 State of the Union Address was written by Thomas Jefferson, the third President of the United States, on Wednesday, December 15, 1802. He said, "When we assemble together, fellow citizens, to consider the state of our beloved country, our just attentions are first drawn to those pleasing circumstances which mark the goodness of that Being from whose favor they flow and the large measure of thankfulness we owe for His bounty. Another year has come around, and finds us still blessed with peace and friendship abroad; law, order, and religion at home;

neg: 2016 State of the Union Address 2016 State of the Union Address The 2016 State of the Union Address was given by the 44th United States President Barack Obama on Tuesday, January 12, 2016, in the chamber of the United States House of Representatives. It was addressed to the 114th United States Congress. It was the first State of the Union address with Paul Ryan as Speaker of the House of Representatives. It was the last State of the Union Address of Obama's presidency; no U.S. president since Gerald Ford has given a final State of the Union address at the end of his term. Obama's

neg: 2015 State of the Union Address Iowa gave the official Republican response in English to the State of the Union address, with Representative Carlos Curbelo of Florida giving the official Republican Spanish-language response. The English and Spanish responses differed in that the Spanish response talked about immigration issues, whereas the English response did not. In addition to the official Republican responses, Representative Curt Clawson of Florida, Senator Ted Cruz of Texas, and Senator Rand Paul of Kentucky all gave their own televised responses. Obama's televised address was viewed by 33 million Americans, making it the lowest number in recent history. Russian Foreign Minister Sergei Lavrov said

neg: 1790 State of the Union Address The House of Representatives …. With their speaker were on his left…”. His demeanor gave the event the respect and importance that it has been given since his first speech. For all the importance that his speech has it is the shortest State of the Union Address that has been given to this day with only 1,089 words. His speech did not address in detail many of his points. He explained some of the challenges that their young America would face and he addressed what he expected of the future. President George Washington begins his speech by congratulating the houses

neg: 1828 State of the Union Address mercies of Him who ruleth over all." 1828 State of the Union Address The 1828 State of the Union Address was written by John Quincy Adams, on Tuesday, December 2, 1828. It was read to both houses of the 20th United States Congress by a clerk on that day. He said, "If the enjoyment in profusion of the bounties of Providence forms a suitable subject of mutual gratulation and grateful acknowledgment, we are admonished at this return of the season when the representatives of the nation are assembled to deliberate upon their concerns to offer up the tribute of fervent

neg: 1828 State of the Union Address 1828 State of the Union Address The 1828 State of the Union Address was written by John Quincy Adams, on Tuesday, December 2, 1828. It was read to both houses of the 20th United States Congress by a clerk on that day. He said, "If the enjoyment in profusion of the bounties of Providence forms a suitable subject of mutual gratulation and grateful acknowledgment, we are admonished at this return of the season when the representatives of the nation are assembled to deliberate upon their concerns to offer up the tribute of fervent and grateful hearts for the never failing

neg: 2005 State of the Union Address income taxes, free trade initiatives, prosecution of corporate criminals. Thirty-eight million viewers watched the address, a lower figure than any of Bush's previous State of the Union addresses, and indeed lower than any State of the Union addresses in the preceding twelve years. 2005 State of the Union Address The 2005 State of the Union Address was delivered by United States President George W. Bush on Wednesday, February 2, 2005, in Washington, D.C. to a joint session of the U.S. Congress (the House of Representatives and the Senate). President Bush began his State of the Union address by saying that

neg: Abraham Lincoln's first inaugural address "the better angels of our nature," the "mystic chords of memory" North and South would "yet swell the chorus of the Union." While much of the Northern press praised or at least accepted Lincoln's speech, the new Confederacy essentially met his inaugural address with contemptuous silence. The "Charleston Mercury" was an exception: it excoriated Lincoln's address as manifesting "insolence" and "brutality," and attacked the Union government as 'a mobocratic empire.' The speech also did not impress other states who were considering secession from the Union. Indeed, after Fort Sumter was attacked and Lincoln declared a formal State of Insurrection, four

neg: 1999 State of the Union Address 1999 State of the Union Address The 1999 State of the Union address was given by President Bill Clinton to a joint session of the 106th United States Congress on Tuesday, January 19, 1999. The speech was the third State of the Union address of President Clinton's second term. This was the first State of the Union address with Dennis Hastert as Speaker of the House of Representatives. President Clinton discussed the economy, the federal budget, taxes and focused on the budget surplus, then at $70 billion. The president also discussed the future of Social Security, education, foreign relations and

neg: 1997 State of the Union Address of high school students sponsored by the Close Up Foundation. Dan Glickman, the Secretary of Agriculture, served as the designated survivor. The speech was broadcast live on television and radio and lasted 1:04:21 and consisted of 6,774 words. This was the first State of the Union Address carried live on the Internet. 1997 State of the Union Address The 1997 State of the Union address was given by President Bill Clinton to a joint session of the 105th United States Congress on Tuesday, February 4, 1997. The speech was the first State of the Union address of President Clinton's second

neg: 1791 State of the Union Address 1791 State of the Union Address The state of union is an address, in the United States, given by the president to a joint session of Congress, the United States House of Representatives and United States Senate. The United States constitution requires the president “from time to time give to the Congress Information of the State of the Union.” Today the state of the union address is given as a speech, though this is not a requirement of the constitution. George Washington chose to address the congress in a speech annually, on October 25, 1791 he gave his third speech.

neg: 2018 State of the Union Address address. On January 25, 2018, the Green Party issued a press release stating that it would stream an online response to the State of the Union Address, featuring Jill Stein and Ajamu Baraka, the 2016 presidential and vice presidential nominees respectively. It was announced on January 26, 2018, that Maxine Waters would be on the BET program, "Angela Rye's State of the Union", after the State of the Union Address to address the country. On January 29, the office of Senator Bernie Sanders, an independent, announced that he would be giving his own response to the address. Alt-right figures supported

neg: Joint session of the United States Congress as a "moving moment." The most recent addresses by foreign dignitaries were given by Indian Prime Minister Narendra Modi on June 8, 2016, Japanese Prime Minister Shinzo Abe on April 29, 2015, and Pope Francis on September 24, 2015. The Pope did not address the joint session as a religious dignitary but as a head of state. All foreign heads of state and heads of government are presented officially to Congress in the same manner as the President during the State of the Union Address and are introduced by the Speaker by their diplomatic style of address, followed by their

neg: 2008 State of the Union Address response in Spanish. Libertarian Party Chair William Redpath issued a written response to the State of the Union on behalf of the national Libertarian Party. Steve Kubby, a candidate for the Libertarian Party's 2008 presidential nomination, delivered his own "State of the Union address" via Internet video on January 25, 2008, three days before President Bush's speech. Framed as a preemption rather than merely a response, Kubby's speech attempted to predict the themes President Bush would strike and offered Kubby's own proposals in their stead. 2008 State of the Union Address The 2008 State of the Union address was a

neg: 2006 State of the Union Address the Abramoff scandal and corruption within the government, the NSA spying controversy, the successful nomination of Supreme Court Justice Samuel Alito, and the Administration's proposed ban on same-sex marriage. Newly elected Governor of Virginia Tim Kaine gave the Democratic response in English and Mayor of Los Angeles Antonio Villaraigosa did so in Spanish. President Bush began his State of the Union Address for the year by reflecting on the memory of Coretta Scott King, who died earlier that day, and Martin Luther King, Jr., "the husband who was taken so long ago". Bush then paralleled "moments of national mourning," an

neg: 2010 State of the Union Address uniform that critics alleged to be a violation of military regulations. In addition, the use of House chamber for McDonnell's speech did not comply with House Rule 82. In his prepared text, McDonnell stated, "Today, the federal government is simply trying to do too much." Originally, the White House was considering two dates for the State of the Union Address: January 26 and February 2. Were the latter date selected, ABC would have then preempted the already scheduled premiere of the sixth and final season of the TV series "Lost", sabotaging months of promotion for "The Final Season" and forcing

neg: George W. Bush over whether it's man-made or naturally caused". The Bush Administration's stance on global warming remained controversial in the scientific and environmental communities. Critics have alleged that the administration misinformed the public and did not do enough to reduce carbon emissions and deter global warming. In his 2006 State of the Union Address, Bush declared, "America is addicted to oil" and announced his Advanced Energy Initiative to increase energy development research. In his 2007 State of the Union Address, Bush renewed his pledge to work toward diminished reliance on foreign oil by reducing fossil fuel consumption and increasing alternative fuel production.

neg: Obafemi Awolowo University massacre apprehended by the Students’ Union in August 1997 when he admitted to being a secret cult member. He was subsequently handed over to the Security Department, but there is no record of what happened after that. We also provided the Police with information on three other individuals, “Innocent”, “Yuletide” and “Ogbume.” Nothing came of this, even though we provided Ogbume’s address in Victoria Garden City, Lagos. The arrested persons were charged to the Ile-Ife Magistrate’s court for the murders. The Judicial Commission of Enquiry was eventually inaugurated in Abuja on 18 October, but did not start work until 24 November,

neg: 1975 State of the Union Address Albert of Oklahoma. 1975 State of the Union Address The 1975 State of the Union address was given by President Gerald Ford to a joint session of the 94th United States Congress on January 15, 1975. The speech was the first State of the Union address of President Ford's tenure as president. The president discussed the national debt, taxes, the federal budget and the energy crisis. The speech lasted 41:00 and consisted of 4,126 words. The address was broadcast live on radio and television. The Democratic Party response was delivered by Senator Hubert Humphrey of Minnesota and the Speaker of

neg: 1986 State of the Union Address 1986 State of the Union Address The 1986 State of the Union address was given by President Ronald Reagan to a joint session of the 99th United States Congress in the House Chamber of the Capitol at 8:04 p.m. on Tuesday, February 4, 1986. The speech was the second State of the Union address of President Reagan's second term. Economic growth, increased job opportunities, and falling inflation rates were among some of the key issues discussed in this address. Reagan advocated for both an increase in national defense and a reevaluation of the federal budget, arguing the importance of national

neg: 1975 State of the Union Address 1975 State of the Union Address The 1975 State of the Union address was given by President Gerald Ford to a joint session of the 94th United States Congress on January 15, 1975. The speech was the first State of the Union address of President Ford's tenure as president. The president discussed the national debt, taxes, the federal budget and the energy crisis. The speech lasted 41:00 and consisted of 4,126 words. The address was broadcast live on radio and television. The Democratic Party response was delivered by Senator Hubert Humphrey of Minnesota and the Speaker of the House Carl

neg: 2018 State of the Union Address 2018 State of the Union Address The 2018 State of the Union Address was given by the 45th President of the United States, Donald Trump, on Tuesday, January 30, 2018, at 9 p.m. EST in the chamber of the United States House of Representatives. It was addressed to the 115th United States Congress. It was Trump's first State of the Union Address and his second speech to a joint session of the United States Congress. U.S. Representative Joe Kennedy III and Virginia Delegate Elizabeth Guzmán gave the Democratic Party's response in English and Spanish respectively. The Address was watched by

neg: 1797 State of the Union Address 1797 State of the Union Address John Adams' First State of the Union Address was delivered on Wednesday, November 22, 1797, in the Congress Hall of Philadelphia, Pennsylvania. At the time of the address, sickness was spreading through Philadelphia and Adams notes in his introduction that he was tempted to relocate the assembly of the national legislature but avoided this due to inevitable expense and general inconvenience. Adams began his State of the Union Address by expressing concern over European, most notably French, aggression towards American merchant vessels. He emphasizes the importance of America's growing role in international commerce, citing

neg: 1982 State of the Union Address 1982 State of the Union Address The 1982 State of the Union address was given by President Ronald Reagan to a joint session of the 97th United States Congress on Tuesday, January 26, 1982. The speech was the first State of the Union address of President Reagan's first term. The speech lasted 40 minutes and 14 seconds and contained 5154 words. The address was broadcast live on radio and television. The speech was the first to acknowledge a special guest, Lenny Skutnik. Taking the place of Supreme Court Justice Byron White was retired Justice Potter Stewart. The Democratic Party response

neg: 1997 State of the Union Address 1997 State of the Union Address The 1997 State of the Union address was given by President Bill Clinton to a joint session of the 105th United States Congress on Tuesday, February 4, 1997. The speech was the first State of the Union address of President Clinton's second term. President Clinton discussed numerous topics in the address, including the environment, the International Space Station, welfare, crime and relations with NATO and China. The president also focused on a "detailed plan to balance the budget by 2002". The Republican Party response was delivered by Oklahoma congressman J. C. Watts in front

neg: 1983 State of the Union Address Speaker Thomas P. O'Neill III (MA), Rep. George Miller (CA), Rep. Les AuCoin (OR), Rep. Paul Simon (IL), Rep. Timothy Wirth (CO), and Rep. Bill Hefner (NC). 1983 State of the Union Address The 1983 State of the Union address was given by President Ronald Reagan to a joint session of the 98th United States Congress on Tuesday, January 25, 1983. The speech was the second State of the Union address of President Reagan's first term. The speech lasted approximately 46 minutes and contained 5554 words. The address was broadcast live on radio and television. The Democratic Party response was

neg: 1983 State of the Union Address 1983 State of the Union Address The 1983 State of the Union address was given by President Ronald Reagan to a joint session of the 98th United States Congress on Tuesday, January 25, 1983. The speech was the second State of the Union address of President Reagan's first term. The speech lasted approximately 46 minutes and contained 5554 words. The address was broadcast live on radio and television. The Democratic Party response was delivered by Senator Robert Byrd (WV), Senator Paul Tsongas (MA), Senator Bill Bradley (NJ), Senator Joe Biden (DE), Rep. Tom Daschle (SD), Rep. Barbara Kennelly (CT), House

neg: 1984 State of the Union Address 1984 State of the Union Address The 1984 State of the Union address was given by President Ronald Reagan to a joint session of the 98th United States Congress on January 25, 1984. The speech was the third State of the Union address of President Reagan's first term. The speech lasted 43 minutes and 2 seconds and contained 4931 words. The address was broadcast live on radio and television. The Democratic Party response was delivered by Senator Joe Biden (DE), Sen. David Boren (OK), Senator Carl M. Levin (MI), Senator Max S. Baucus (MT), Senator Robert Byrd (WV), Senator Claiborne

neg: 1790 State of the Union Address 1790 State of the Union Address This State of the Union Address was given on Friday, January 8, 1790, during the term of George Washington. It was the first annual address given by a president. It was given in New York City. The first President felt, “great satisfaction from a cooperation with you in the pleasing though arduous task of insuring to our fellow citizens the blessings which they have a right to expect from a free, efficient, and equal government.” [1] This State of the Union Address was given on Friday, January 8, 1790, by President George Washington. It

neg: 1897 State of the Union Address 1897 State of the Union Address The 1897 State of the Union Address was written on Monday, December 6, 1897, by President William McKinley, the 25th President of the United States. It was his first State of the Union Address, and was read to both houses of the 55th United States Congress. He began with, "A matter of genuine satisfaction is the growing feeling of fraternal regard and unification of all sections of our country, the incompleteness of which has too long delayed realization of the highest blessings of the Union. The spirit of patriotism is universal and is ever

neg: 1987 State of the Union Address of Agriculture, served as the designated survivor. 1987 State of the Union Address The 1987 State of the Union address was given by President Ronald Reagan to a joint session of the 100th United States Congress on Tuesday, January 27, 1987. The speech was the third State of the Union address of President Reagan's second term, starting out with congratulations to the historic 100th Congress. Progressing to the Afghanistan situation, he says: "The Soviet Union says it wants a peaceful settlement in Afghanistan, yet it continues a brutal war and props up a regime whose days are clearly numbered. We

neg: 1992 State of the Union Address 1992 State of the Union Address The 1992 State of the Union address was a speech given by President George H. W. Bush to a joint session of the 102nd United States Congress on Tuesday, January 28, 1992. This was the last State of the Union address by President Bush, who lost his re-election bid to Bill Clinton in the 1992 election. The president discussed the collapse of the Soviet Union, Operation Desert Storm, military spending cuts, nuclear disarmament, economic recovery (high unemployment remained from the early 1990s recession), several types of tax cuts and credits, and controlling government spending.

neg: 1987 State of the Union Address 1987 State of the Union Address The 1987 State of the Union address was given by President Ronald Reagan to a joint session of the 100th United States Congress on Tuesday, January 27, 1987. The speech was the third State of the Union address of President Reagan's second term, starting out with congratulations to the historic 100th Congress. Progressing to the Afghanistan situation, he says: "The Soviet Union says it wants a peaceful settlement in Afghanistan, yet it continues a brutal war and props up a regime whose days are clearly numbered. We are ready to support a political solution

neg: State of the Union Mayor of the Metropolitan Government of Nashville and Davidson County in Nashville, Tennessee gives a speech similar called the State of Metro Address. Some university presidents give a State of the University address at the beginning of every academic term. Private companies usually have a "State of the Corporation" or "State of the Company" address given by the respective CEO. The State of the Union model has also been adopted by the European Union, and in France since the presidency of Emmanuel Macron. Television ratings for recent State of the Union Addresses were: State of the Union The State of

neg: First and second terms of the presidency of Franklin D. Roosevelt and Governor George Howard Earle III of Pennsylvania. When Congress reconvened in 1939, Republicans under Senator Robert Taft formed a conservative coalition with Southern Democrats, virtually ending Roosevelt's ability to get his domestic proposals enacted into law. After the 1938 mid-term elections, the conservative coalition of Republicans and Southern Democrats seized control of Congress, bringing an effective end to the New Deal. Roosevelt's 1939 State of the Union Address was the first such address in which the president did not recommend a major new program. Under the leadership of Chairman Martin Dies Jr., the House Un-American Activities Committee held hearings

neg: 2006 State of the Union Address indirect reference to the September 11, 2001 attacks with "national achievement." When discussing the American political system, Bush used anaphora, repeating "two" at the beginning of each clause, "two parties, two chambers, and two elected branches." Bush shifted his tense from the past to the future while emphasizing the need for civility and bipartisanship among legislators during debate. Echoing his 2005 State of the Union address, he stated "Tonight the state of our Union is strong – and together we will make it stronger." He again used anaphora by repeating "We will choose," paralleling "pursuing the enemies of freedom," applicable

neg: European Union food quality scandal We have amended the Unfair Commercial Practice Directive to make it black and white that dual food quality is forbidden." European Union food quality scandal The European Union food quality scandal is a controversy claiming that certain food brands and items targeted at Central and Eastern European Union countries' markets are of lower quality than their exact equivalent produced for the Western European Union markets. European Commission President Jean-Claude Juncker acknowledged the issue in his State of the Union address pledging funding to help national food authorities test the inferior products and start tackle the food inequality and in April

neg: European Union food quality scandal European Union food quality scandal The European Union food quality scandal is a controversy claiming that certain food brands and items targeted at Central and Eastern European Union countries' markets are of lower quality than their exact equivalent produced for the Western European Union markets. European Commission President Jean-Claude Juncker acknowledged the issue in his State of the Union address pledging funding to help national food authorities test the inferior products and start tackle the food inequality and in April 2018 EU Justice and Consumers Commissioner Věra Jourová stated that "“We will step up the fight against dual food quality.

neg: 1995 State of the Union Address history. The president acknowledged many Americans of past and present in his speech. Among them were: The Republican Party response was delivered by Governor Christine Todd Whitman of New Jersey. This was the first response given exclusively by a state governor and, delivered in Trenton, the first outside Washington, DC. Conservative William Kristol called the address the "most conservative State of the Union by a Democratic president in history." Federico Peña, the Secretary of Transportation, served as the designated survivor. 1995 State of the Union Address The 1995 State of the Union address was given by President Bill Clinton to

neg: State of the Nation Address (Belarus) year based on the working schedule and the day when the very document is drafted. It is similar to the State of the Union given by the President of the United States. State of the Nation Address (Belarus) The State of the Nation Address (Belarusian:Зварот Прэзідэнта Рэспублікі Беларусь з пасланнем да беларускага народа і Нацыянальнага сходу Рэспублікі Беларусь, "Zvarot Prezidenta Respubłiki Bjełaruś z pasłanniem da biełaruskaga naroda i Nacyjanalnaga schodu Respubłiki Bjełaruś") is an annual speech given by the Belarusian President to outline the state and condition in which Belarus is in. The Address is given in front of a

neg: Spencer Stone 2017 was sentenced to nine years in state prison. He is currently incarcerated at Folsom State Prison. In January 2016, Stone accepted First Lady Michelle Obama's invitation to attend Barack Obama's 2016 State of the Union Address. Stone "had a heartbreaking moment" when a daughter of one of the victims of the 2015 San Bernardino attack in San Bernardino, California, thanked him for his role in stopping the Thalys train attack; Stone giving her a hug in response. Stone, in response to the State of the Union Address, said "What I will walk away with ... is how the president

neg: State of the Union (European Union) 2014. He also acknowledged the need for "a serious discussion between the citizens of Europe about the way forward," calling in particular on all pro-European forces to be mobilised against the anti-European agenda of "the populists and the nationalists." 9 September 2015 marked the first address held by Jean-Claude Juncker. It was titled "Time for honesty, unity and solidarity" and opened with the "imperative to act as a union" in order to address the refugee crisis. State of the Union (European Union) The State of the Union address, also known as the State of the European Union, or SOTEU is

neg: 2010 State of the Union Address surrounding the Supreme Court, cheering and hollering while the court – according to the requirements of protocol – has to sit there expressionless, I think is very troubling." Housing Secretary Shaun Donovan was chosen as the designated survivor and did not attend the address, in order to keep a presidential line of succession should a catastrophic event have wiped out the administration. Secretary of State Hillary Clinton was also out of the country at the time of the address for a conference in London regarding the country of Yemen and the upsurge in terrorist activity in that country. The television

neg: 1988 State of the Union Address radio and television. The Democratic Party response was delivered by Senator Robert Byrd of West Virginia and Speaker of the House Jim Wright of Texas. 1988 State of the Union Address The 1988 State of the Union address was given by President Ronald Reagan to a joint session of the 100th United States Congress on Monday, January 25, 1988. The speech was the last State of the Union address of President Reagan's second term. Donald Hodel, the Secretary of the Interior, served as the designated survivor. President Reagan began by announcing that his speech would not be a litany of

neg: 2002 State of the Union Address 2002 State of the Union Address George W. Bush, the 43rd President of the United States of America, delivered the 2002 State of the Union Address at the United States Capitol building on January 29, 2002. In front of members of the 107th United States Congress, along with special civilian and military guests, Bush addressed the U.S. as he delivered his first State of the Union address. The speech covered the effects of the September 11 attacks of the previous year and Bush's plans to prevent future terrorist attacks upon the United States. Bush gave a progress report on the

neg: 1996 State of the Union Address deeds are a contradiction. President Clinton claims to embrace the future while clinging to the policies of the past." Donna Shalala, the Secretary of Health and Human Services, served as the designated survivor. 1996 State of the Union Address The 1996 State of the Union address was given by President Bill Clinton to a joint session of the 104th United States Congress on Tuesday, January 23, 1996. The speech was the last State of the Union address of President Clinton's first term. This speech occurred shortly after the federal government shutdown of 1995 and 1996 which had resulted from disagreements

neg: 1998 State of the Union Address and consisted of 7,303 words. The Republican Party response was delivered by Senator Trent Lott of Mississippi. William Daley, the Secretary of Commerce, served as the designated survivor. 1998 State of the Union Address The 1998 State of the Union address was given by President Bill Clinton to a joint session of the 105th United States Congress on Tuesday, January 27, 1998. The speech was the second State of the Union address of President Clinton's second term. President Clinton discussed the federal budget, taxes and focused on the budget deficit, then at $10 billion. The president also discussed education, foreign

neg: 2008 State of the Union Address 2008 State of the Union Address The 2008 State of the Union address was a speech given by United States President George W. Bush on Monday, January 28, 2008, at 9:00 p.m. EST to a joint session of Congress. It was the last State of the Union Address of Bush's presidency. The speech was delivered in the United States House of Representatives in the United States Capitol. Sitting behind the president were the presiding officers of the United States Senate, Vice President Dick Cheney, and the United States House of Representatives, House Speaker Nancy Pelosi. The White House indicated beforehand

neg: 1897 State of the Union Address increasing in fervor." It took time for the Southern states to feel united with the Northern states, and for the Western states to feel united with the eastern states. 1897 State of the Union Address The 1897 State of the Union Address was written on Monday, December 6, 1897, by President William McKinley, the 25th President of the United States. It was his first State of the Union Address, and was read to both houses of the 55th United States Congress. He began with, "A matter of genuine satisfaction is the growing feeling of fraternal regard and unification of all

neg: 1988 State of the Union Address 1988 State of the Union Address The 1988 State of the Union address was given by President Ronald Reagan to a joint session of the 100th United States Congress on Monday, January 25, 1988. The speech was the last State of the Union address of President Reagan's second term. Donald Hodel, the Secretary of the Interior, served as the designated survivor. President Reagan began by announcing that his speech would not be a litany of achievements over the past seven years of his administration, but that he would continue to propose policy initiatives. He outlined the following objectives: Reagan discussed

neg: 2005 State of the Union Address 2005 State of the Union Address The 2005 State of the Union Address was delivered by United States President George W. Bush on Wednesday, February 2, 2005, in Washington, D.C. to a joint session of the U.S. Congress (the House of Representatives and the Senate). President Bush began his State of the Union address by saying that the United States Government has a "great privilege" of being "placed in office by the votes of the people we serve. And tonight that is a privilege we share with newly-elected leaders of Afghanistan, the Palestinian Territories, Ukraine, and a free and sovereign

neg: 2018 State of the Union Address lowest net positive rating since CNN first began asking the question in 1998. 2018 State of the Union Address The 2018 State of the Union Address was given by the 45th President of the United States, Donald Trump, on Tuesday, January 30, 2018, at 9 p.m. EST in the chamber of the United States House of Representatives. It was addressed to the 115th United States Congress. It was Trump's first State of the Union Address and his second speech to a joint session of the United States Congress. U.S. Representative Joe Kennedy III and Virginia Delegate Elizabeth Guzmán gave the

neg: 1800 State of the Union Address 1800 State of the Union Address The 1800 State of the Union Address was given by John Adams, the second President of the United States, on Tuesday, November 11, 1800, to a joint session of the 6th United States Congress. It was the first State of the Union Address delivered at the new United States Capitol in Washington, D.C.. Delivered in the Senate chamber, Adams began his speech by congratulating members on their new seat of government and—pointedly—"on the prospect of a residence not to be changed." He added, optimistically, "Although there is some cause to apprehend that accommodations are

neg: 1985 State of the Union Address 1985 State of the Union Address The 1985 State of the Union address was given by President Ronald Reagan to a joint session of the 99th United States Congress on February 6, 1985. The speech was the first State of the Union address of President Reagan's second term, and his fifth altogether. He stated, "Our progress began not in Washington, DC, but in the hearts of our families, communities, workplaces, and voluntary groups which, together, are unleashing the invincible spirit of one great nation under God." He believed that volunteerism was a key element to the American community. The president

neg: 1998 State of the Union Address 1998 State of the Union Address The 1998 State of the Union address was given by President Bill Clinton to a joint session of the 105th United States Congress on Tuesday, January 27, 1998. The speech was the second State of the Union address of President Clinton's second term. President Clinton discussed the federal budget, taxes and focused on the budget deficit, then at $10 billion. The president also discussed education, foreign relations, science funding, development, space travel and the Internet. In the speech, the president acknowledged the deaths of Representatives Walter Capps and Sonny Bono. The speech lasted 1:16:43

neg: Democratic response to 2006 State of the Union address the response to the 2008 State of the Union address. Webb's election over incumbent Senator George Allen in the 2006 Virginia Senate election tipped control of the United States Senate to the Democratic Party for the first time in four years and, with the election of a Democratic majority in the US House of Representatives, resulted in the first Democratic-controlled Congress in twelve years. Democratic response to 2006 State of the Union address The response to the 2006 State of the Union Address was delivered by Virginia Governor Tim Kaine on January 31, 2006, after United States President George W.

neg: 2015 State of the Union Address 2015 State of the Union Address The 2015 State of the Union Address was given by the 44th United States President, Barack Obama, on Tuesday, January 20, 2015, in the chamber of the United States House of Representatives. Following recent tradition, Speaker of the House John Boehner sent a letter on December 19, 2014, formally inviting President Obama to speak (despite a proposal from some conservatives that House Republicans withhold the invitation in retaliation for Obama's executive actions on immigration reform). It was addressed to the 114th United States Congress. The State of the Union Address was broadcast on various

neg: 1994 State of the Union Address often conflated. What happened is that President Clinton simply referenced the September 1993 incident. 1994 State of the Union Address The 1994 State of the Union address was given by President Bill Clinton to a joint session of the 103rd United States Congress on Tuesday, January 25, 1994. The speech was Clinton's first official State of the Union address, although he had similarly addressed a joint session of Congress a year prior shortly after taking office. The president discussed the federal budget deficit, taxes, defense spending, crime, foreign affairs, education, the economy, free trade, the role of government, campaign finance

neg: 1994 State of the Union Address 1994 State of the Union Address The 1994 State of the Union address was given by President Bill Clinton to a joint session of the 103rd United States Congress on Tuesday, January 25, 1994. The speech was Clinton's first official State of the Union address, although he had similarly addressed a joint session of Congress a year prior shortly after taking office. The president discussed the federal budget deficit, taxes, defense spending, crime, foreign affairs, education, the economy, free trade, the role of government, campaign finance reform, welfare reform, and promoting the Clinton health care plan. President Clinton threatened to

neg: 1984 State of the Union Address Pell (RI), Senator Walter Huddleston (KY), Rep. Dante B. Fascell (FL), Rep. Tom Harkin (IA), Rep. William Gray (PA), House Speaker Thomas O’Neill (MA), and Rep. Barbara Boxer (CA). Samuel Pierce, the Secretary of Housing and Urban Development, served as the designated survivor. 1984 State of the Union Address The 1984 State of the Union address was given by President Ronald Reagan to a joint session of the 98th United States Congress on January 25, 1984. The speech was the third State of the Union address of President Reagan's first term. The speech lasted 43 minutes and 2 seconds and

neg: Constitution of Mexico Nonetheless, the Mexican government began moves to normalize diplomatic relations with the Vatican. The pope's second 1990 trip in May put increased pressure on the Mexican government to take steps to normalization, particularly after the Vatican and the Soviet Union did so that year. Although Salinas planned a trip to the Vatican in 1991, the Catholic hierarchy in Mexico did not want normalization of relations with the Vatican without discussion of significant changes to the constitution. An even more significant change came when in Salinas's official state of the nation address in November 1991. He stated that "the moment has

neg: 1800 State of the Union Address not now so complete as might be wished, yet there is great reason to believe that this inconvenience will cease with the present session." This would be the last annual message any president would personally deliver to Congress for the next 113 years. 1800 State of the Union Address The 1800 State of the Union Address was given by John Adams, the second President of the United States, on Tuesday, November 11, 1800, to a joint session of the 6th United States Congress. It was the first State of the Union Address delivered at the new United States Capitol in

neg: Democratic response to 2006 State of the Union address Democratic response to 2006 State of the Union address The response to the 2006 State of the Union Address was delivered by Virginia Governor Tim Kaine on January 31, 2006, after United States President George W. Bush delivered his 2006 State of the Union address. The theme of Kaine's speech, ""A Better Way"," advocates the Democratic Party's policies and states' rights. Kaine delivered the speech from Virginia's historic Executive Mansion in Richmond and the speech was televised nationwide. Kaine begins his speech by recalling his work as a Catholic missionary in Honduras where he learned the value of measuring one's

neg: 1982 State of the Union Address was delivered by Senator Donald Riegle (MI), Senator James Sasser (TN), Rep. Albert Gore Jr. (TN), Senator Robert Byrd (W.Va), Senator Edward Kennedy (MA), House Speaker Thomas P. O'Neill III (MA), Senator Gary Hart (CO), Senator Paul Sarbanes (MD), Senator J. Bennett Johnston (LA), and Senator Alan Cranston (CA). 1982 State of the Union Address The 1982 State of the Union address was given by President Ronald Reagan to a joint session of the 97th United States Congress on Tuesday, January 26, 1982. The speech was the first State of the Union address of President Reagan's first term. The speech

neg: Democratic response to 2006 State of the Union address of Kaine and Warner in rebuilding the Democratic Party in the Republican-leaning state was rewarded with Kaine's response to President Bush, which highlighted the competence of Virginia's Democratic administration with the perceived incompetence of the Bush Administration in the wake of Hurricane Katrina. The political success and strength of Virginia Democrats would be heightened the following January, when newly elected Virginia Senator Jim Webb would be chosen to deliver the Democratic response to the 2007 State of the Union address. In continuing the tradition of a Democrat from a red state delivering the Democratic response, Kansas Governor Kathleen Sebelius gave

neg: 1797 State of the Union Address taxes which had to be raised in order to fund a larger, more mobile Army. He warns against loans as he believed that they had contributed to the vast debt and economic collapse of historical empires. He ends his address by reiterating his general theme of the necessity to militarize to adequately defend against foreign imperialism. 1797 State of the Union Address John Adams' First State of the Union Address was delivered on Wednesday, November 22, 1797, in the Congress Hall of Philadelphia, Pennsylvania. At the time of the address, sickness was spreading through Philadelphia and Adams notes in his