query: what is a carolina reaper on the scoville scale

pos: Carolina Reaper Hill, South Carolina greenhouse by "Smokin" Ed Currie, proprietor of the PuckerButt Pepper Company in Fort Mill, the Carolina Reaper was certified as the world's hottest chili pepper by the Guinness World Records since August 7, 2013. The official Guinness World Record heat level was 1,569,300 Scoville Heat Units (SHU) in 2013, according to tests conducted by Winthrop University in South Carolina. The figure is an average for the tested batch; the hottest individual pepper was measured at 2.2 million SHU. The crossbreed is between a "really nastily hot" La Soufriere pepper from the Caribbean island of St. Vincent and

pos: Trinidad Scorpion Butch T pepper was, for three years, ranked the most pungent ("hot") pepper in the world according to "Guinness World Records". A laboratory test conducted in March 2011 measured a specimen at 1,463,700 Scoville heat units, officially ranking it the hottest pepper in the world at that time. One possible secret to the chili's heat, according to a cultivator of the pepper, is fertilizing the soil with the liquid runoff of a worm farm. In August 2013, Guinness World Records recognized the Carolina Reaper as the hottest pepper in the world, at 1,569,300 SHU. Trinidad Scorpion Butch T pepper The Trinidad scorpion pepper

neg: Carolina Reaper Carolina Reaper The Carolina Reaper, originally named the HP22B, is a cultivar of the "Capsicum chinense" plant. The pepper is red and gnarled, with a small pointed tail. In 2012, "Guinness World Records" declared it the hottest chili pepper in the world, surpassing the previous record holder, the Trinidad Scorpion "Butch T". Certain varieties are claimed to be spicier, but are not confirmed by Guinness. The sensory heat or pungency detected when consuming a Carolina Reaper derives from the density of capsaicinoids, particularly capsaicin, which relates directly to intensity of chili pepper heat and Scoville scale. Bred in a Rock

neg: Carolina Reaper a Naga pepper from Pakistan , and is named 'Reaper' due to the shape of its tail. It has been described as having a fruity taste, with the initial bite being sweet and then immediately turning to "molten lava". In May 2017, Mike Smith of St Asaph working with Nottingham Trent University claimed to have surpassed the Carolina Reaper with his Dragon's Breath pepper, reported to be 2.4 million SHUs, and applied to "Guinness World Records" for confirmation. As of September 2017, the hottest chili pepper known was Pepper X, having a reported Scoville scale of 3.18 million units. In

neg: Pepper X Pepper X Pepper X is a cultivar of "Capsicum" chili pepper bred by Ed Currie, creator of the Carolina Reaper. Pepper X resulted from multiple cross breedings which produced an exceptionally high content of capsaicin in the locules of the pepper. Pepper X was made into a sauce for the YouTube series "Hot Ones". Currie stated that it is "two times as hot as the Carolina Reaper" which would make it the hottest pepper in the world with a Scoville scale of 3.18 million units, but this is unconfirmed by the Guinness World Records. The Pepper X is the pepper

neg: Habanero the same level of pungency, but the actual degree varies greatly from one fruit to another according to genetics, growing methods, climate, and plant stress. In 1999, the habanero was listed by "Guinness World Records" as the world's hottest chili, but it has since been displaced by other peppers. The "Bhut jolokia" (or ghost pepper) and Trinidad moruga scorpion have since been identified as native "Capsicum chinense" subspecies even hotter than the habanero. Breeders constantly crossbreed subspecies to attempt to create cultivars that will break the record on the Scoville scale. One example is the Carolina Reaper, a cross between

neg: Scoville scale scale, and may vary in content during ripening. Capsaicin is the major capsaicinoid in chili peppers. Scoville scale The Scoville scale is a measurement of the pungency (spiciness or "heat") of chili peppers and other spicy foods, as recorded in Scoville Heat Units (SHU) based on the concentration of capsaicinoids, among which capsaicin is the predominant component. The scale is named after its creator, American pharmacist Wilbur Scoville, whose 1912 method is known as the Scoville organoleptic test. In the 21st century, high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) is used to quantify the capsaicinoid content as an indicator of pungency. The most

neg: Scoville scale Scoville scale The Scoville scale is a measurement of the pungency (spiciness or "heat") of chili peppers and other spicy foods, as recorded in Scoville Heat Units (SHU) based on the concentration of capsaicinoids, among which capsaicin is the predominant component. The scale is named after its creator, American pharmacist Wilbur Scoville, whose 1912 method is known as the Scoville organoleptic test. In the 21st century, high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) is used to quantify the capsaicinoid content as an indicator of pungency. The most expedient method for estimating SHU is a subjective assessment derived from the capsaicinoid sensitivity by people

neg: Dragon's Breath (chili pepper) Dragon's Breath (chili pepper) Dragon's Breath is a chili pepper cultivar supposedly tested at 2.48 million Scoville units, a claim that would make it the second-hottest chili on record, after the Pepper X. Guinness World Records has different accredited results on the matter, showing the Carolina Reaper as the hottest in the world. The plant was developed in a collaboration between chili farmer Neal Price, NPK Technology, and Nottingham Trent University during a test of a special plant food and for its essential oil having potential as a skin anesthetic. The Dragon's Breath plant was later cultivated by breeder Mike

neg: Chocolate Bhutlah a sensation in the chili pepper community; that it could be the next hottest pepper in the world. Though its Scoville rating has not yet been determined (due to the instability of the pepper), many chili reviewers have said that it is hotter than the Carolina Reaper, the current world record holder. The chocolate bhutlah is a large chili, typically with a blistered exterior, and has a floral taste. Chocolate Bhutlah The Chocolate Bhutlah is a strain of chili pepper, originally created by Chad Soleski. The variety was made by accident, via an unintentional cross-pollination. The mother plant was the

neg: Capsicum only occurs as a result of capsaicinoid accumulation, and that pungency and blister formation are controlled by a single locus, "Pun1", for which there exist at least two recessive alleles that result in non-pungency of "C. chinense" fruits. The amount of capsaicin in hot peppers varies significantly among varieties, and is measured in Scoville heat units (SHU). The world's current hottest known pepper as rated in SHU is the 'Carolina Reaper,' which had been measured at over 2,200,000 SHU. Sources: Most "Capsicum" species are 2n=2x=24. A few of the non-domesticated species are 2n=2x=32. All are diploid. The "Capsicum annuum" and

neg: Wilbur Scoville Wilbur Scoville Wilbur Lincoln Scoville (January 22, 1865 – March 10, 1942) was an American pharmacist best known for his creation of the "Scoville Organoleptic Test", now standardized as the Scoville scale. He devised the test and scale in 1912 while working at the Parke-Davis pharmaceutical company to measure pungency, "spiciness" or "heat", of various chili peppers. Scoville was born in Bridgeport, Connecticut. He married Cora B. Upham on September 1, 1891 in Wollaston (Quincy, Massachusetts). They had two children: Amy Augusta, born August 21, 1892 and Ruth Upham, born October 21, 1897. Scoville wrote "The Art of Compounding", which

neg: Hot sauce by the Scoville scale. The Scoville scale number indicates how many times something must be diluted with an equal volume of water until people can no longer feel any sensation from the capsaicin. The hottest hot sauce scientifically possible is one rated at 16,000,000 Scoville units, which is pure capsaicin. An example of a hot sauce marketed as achieving this level of heat is Blair's 16 Million Reserve (due to production variances, it is up to 16 million Scoville units), marketed by Blair's Sauces and Snacks. By comparison, Tabasco sauce is rated between 2,500 and 5,000 Scoville units (batches vary)

neg: Dragon's Breath (chili pepper) Smith of St. Asaph, Denbighshire, United Kingdom, who said that he had not planned to breed the chili for record heat, but rather was trying to grow an attractive pepper plant. Due to the nationality of the farmer who cultivated the pepper in Wales, it was named Dragon's Breath after the Welsh dragon. It was entered in the Plant of the Year contest at the 2017 Chelsea Flower Show where it was on the short list, but did not place. The Dragon's Breath chili was tested at 2.48 million Scoville units, exceeding the 2.2 million of the Carolina Reaper, the

neg: Wilbur Scoville was first published in 1895 and has gone through at least 8 editions. The book was used as a pharmacological reference up until the 1960s. Scoville also wrote "Extracts and Perfumes", which contained hundreds of formulations. For a time he was a professor at the Massachusetts College of Pharmacy and Health Sciences. In 1912, he devised the test and scale known as the "Scoville Organoleptic Test" while working at the Parke-Davis pharmaceutical company. It measured piquancy, or "spiciness", of various chili peppers. It is now standardized as the Scoville scale. In 1922, Scoville won the Ebert prize from the American

neg: Wilbur Scoville Pharmaceutical Association and in 1929 he received the Remington Honor Medal. Scoville also received an honorary Doctor of Science from Columbia University in 1929. He won the following awards from the American Pharmaceutical Association (APhA): Wilbur Scoville Wilbur Lincoln Scoville (January 22, 1865 – March 10, 1942) was an American pharmacist best known for his creation of the "Scoville Organoleptic Test", now standardized as the Scoville scale. He devised the test and scale in 1912 while working at the Parke-Davis pharmaceutical company to measure pungency, "spiciness" or "heat", of various chili peppers. Scoville was born in Bridgeport, Connecticut. He married

neg: Scoville scale Scoville Heat Units can be made by multiplying ppm H by a factor of 15" (modified to a factor of 16 by others). Another source using subjective assessment stated: "Conventional methods used in determining the level of pungency or capsaicin concentration are using a panel of tasters (Scoville Organoleptic test method). ... Pepper pungency is measured in Scoville Heat Units (SHU). This measurement is the highest dilution of a chile pepper extract at which heat can be detected by a taste panel (Bosland et al., 2007)." Since Scoville ratings are defined per unit of dry mass, comparison of ratings between

neg: Scoville scale more, depending on seed lineage, climate and humidity, and soil composition supplying nutrients. The inaccuracies described in the measurement methods also contribute to the imprecision of these values. "Capsicum" chili peppers are commonly used to add pungency in cuisines worldwide. The range of pepper heat reflected by a Scoville score is from 100 or less (sweet peppers) to over 3 million (Pepper X) (table below; Scoville scales for individual chili peppers are in the respective linked article). The class of compounds causing pungency in plants like chili peppers is called capsaicinoids, which display a linear correlation between concentration and Scoville

neg: Scoville scale experienced with eating hot chilis. In the Scoville organoleptic test, an exact weight of dried pepper is dissolved in alcohol to extract the heat components (capsaicinoids), then diluted in a solution of sugar water. Decreasing concentrations of the extracted capsaicinoids are given to a panel of five trained tasters, until a majority (at least three) can no longer detect the heat in a dilution. The heat level is based on this dilution, rated in multiples of 100 SHU. A weakness of the Scoville organoleptic test is its imprecision due to human subjectivity, depending on the taster's palate and number of

neg: D'Elidas Taylor. The original yellow variety of D'Elidas hot sauce measures 2,500–5,000 SHU on the Scoville scale. Most habanero varieties ripen from green to orange or red and have a Scoville scale heat rating of between 150,000 and 325,000. The product portfolio of D'Elidas S.A. initially contained only the original Yellow hot sauce but has since then expanded to also include both a Red hot sauce and a Green hot sauce, both containing habanero chili and vinegar but without the mustard found in the Yellow hot sauce. There is now also a Chinese style D'Elidas sweet and sour sauce which is

neg: The Core of the Sun enhancing her knowledge of chili peppers by extending an invitation to his farm. There, she sampled and grew an assortment of peppers. Working with chili peppers allowed Sinisalo to understand factors such as the Scoville rating which is determined by capsaicinoids. The Scoville scale measures the spiciness (heat) of the pepper. One can explore the Scoville ratings, health benefits, and growing techniques of peppers on Kilpinen's website In the Core of the Sun's Afterword, Sinisalo describes the Transcendental Capsaicinophilic Society as “ a real, though somewhat tongue-in-cheek, group that can be found on the Internet.” A quick Google search reveals

neg: Texas Pete Texas Pete Texas Pete is a Louisiana-style hot sauce in the United States developed and manufactured by the TW Garner Food Company in Winston-Salem, North Carolina. The brand has 6, 12, and 24 ounce bottles with bright red sauce, flip top, and white and yellow label featuring the name in red and "Texas Pete," a red silhouette cowboy. Texas Pete is fairly mild, registering 747 on the Scoville heat scale. Its auxiliary branded Hotter Hot Sauce is claimed to be three times hotter than original Texas Pete. Texas Pete also makes a sautéed garlic hot sauce. In 2013, Texas Pete

neg: Walther von Mumm Scoville, daughter of a Seneca, Kansas, banker. They were married at St George's, Hanover Square in London. Mrs. Scoville died in 1920 leaving one daughter behind, Mary, who was educated at a school in Aiken, South Carolina. Mary later died in an automobile accident together with her aunt, Louise Scoville Treadwell. Between meeting and marrying Frances Scoville, von Mumm became involved with Marie van Rensimer Barnes, who later shot him in her Paris apartment in 1912. Society barrister Oliver Bodington represented Mrs. van Rensimer Barnes. Von Mumm returned to Germany at the outbreak of World War I. As his champagne

neg: Reaper Miniatures Reaper Miniatures Reaper Miniatures is an American manufacturer of pewter and plastic figurines in the 25–35 mm scale, which include fantasy and science fiction figures. Reaper, based in Denton, Texas, has developed tabletop miniature game systems that may be played with their figures. The Reaper Miniatures mascot is a succubus named Sophie. Reaper Miniatures started in Fort Worth, Texas on July 4, 1992. Initially, two lines of miniatures were produced: Distinguished Flying Collectibles (a line of World War II aircraft) and Renaissance Dreams (a line of fantasy jewelry). Reaper moved to Lewisville, Texas, in April 1993, and at this location

neg: Scoville Park white settler in the area that became Oak Park, acquired 173 acres of land from the federal government in 1833, including the area that is now Scoville Park. A plaque marking the spot of his second home is located in Scoville Park's southwest corner, near the library, although recent research indicates the house may have been farther west, just south and east of the present-day intersection of Harlem Avenue and Lake Street. In 1855, James Scoville bought the land that would become the park from Kettlestrings. He built his estate, including a large white mansion, at the site of what

neg: Reaper Miniatures wide area of family board games and various role-playing games. As of 2013, Reaper has five major lines of miniatures and two minor lines: Two paint lines are produced: Pro paints, and the Masters Series. Reaper Miniatures Reaper Miniatures is an American manufacturer of pewter and plastic figurines in the 25–35 mm scale, which include fantasy and science fiction figures. Reaper, based in Denton, Texas, has developed tabletop miniature game systems that may be played with their figures. The Reaper Miniatures mascot is a succubus named Sophie. Reaper Miniatures started in Fort Worth, Texas on July 4, 1992. Initially, two

neg: Homocapsaicin Homocapsaicin Homocapsaicin is a capsaicinoid and analog and congener of capsaicin in chili peppers ("Capsicum"). Like capsaicin it is an irritant. Homocapsaicin accounts for about 1% of the total capsaicinoids mixture and has about half the pungency of capsaicin. Pure homocapsaicin is a lipophilic colorless odorless crystalline to waxy compound. On the Scoville scale it has 8,600,000 SHU ("Scoville heat units"). Homocapsaicin isolated from chili pepper has been found in two isomeric forms, both with a carbon-carbon double bond at the 6 position (numbered from the amide carbon) on the 10-carbon acyl chain. One isomer has an additional carbon, a

neg: Scotch bonnet Scotch bonnet Scotch bonnet, also known as bonney peppers, or Caribbean red peppers, is a variety of chili pepper named for its resemblance to a tam o' shanter hat. It is native to the Caribbean islands and Central America. Most Scotch bonnets have a heat rating of 80,000–400,000 Scoville units. For comparison, most jalapeño peppers have a heat rating of 2,500 to 8,000 on the Scoville scale. However, completely sweet varieties of Scotch bonnet are grown on some of the Caribbean islands, called cachucha peppers. These peppers are used to flavour many different dishes and cuisines worldwide and are often

neg: Carolina Reaper temperatures of at least and suggested growing in pots to restrict growth and produce fruit sooner. When fully ripe, two peppers occupy the palm of the hand. Carolina Reaper The Carolina Reaper, originally named the HP22B, is a cultivar of the "Capsicum chinense" plant. The pepper is red and gnarled, with a small pointed tail. In 2012, "Guinness World Records" declared it the hottest chili pepper in the world, surpassing the previous record holder, the Trinidad Scorpion "Butch T". Certain varieties are claimed to be spicier, but are not confirmed by Guinness. The sensory heat or pungency detected when consuming

neg: Hot Ones a shift in subsequent episode numbers), likely due to the removal of the episode featuring Mario Batali. Note when there are two guests on the show the sauces are cut in half. The Scoville units listed below for Season 1 are based on Scott Roberts web Scoville scale whereas the following seasons are based on the units displayed in the episodes, which sometimes results in the same sauce having different ratings in different seasons. Hot Ones Hot Ones is an online web series, created by Christopher Schonberger and produced by First We Feast and Complex Media. Its basic premise involves

neg: Scotch bonnet Fresh, ripe Scotch bonnets can change from green to yellow to scarlet red; however, other varieties of this pepper can ripen to orange, yellow, peach, or even a chocolate brown. Scotch bonnet Scotch bonnet, also known as bonney peppers, or Caribbean red peppers, is a variety of chili pepper named for its resemblance to a tam o' shanter hat. It is native to the Caribbean islands and Central America. Most Scotch bonnets have a heat rating of 80,000–400,000 Scoville units. For comparison, most jalapeño peppers have a heat rating of 2,500 to 8,000 on the Scoville scale. However, completely sweet

neg: Cholula Hot Sauce Cholula Hot Sauce Cholula hot sauce is a brand of chili-based hot sauce, manufactured in Chapala, Jalisco, Mexico, and licensed by José Cuervo. According to its manufacturers, Cholula hot sauce rates 500-1,000 on the Scoville scale though other sources measure it as being over three times hotter, at 3,600 Scoville units. The product is packaged with an iconic round wooden top. Six varieties of Cholula are widely marketed in North America, including Original, Chipotle, Chili Garlic, Chili Lime, Green Pepper, and Sweet Habanero. The hot sauce is named after the 2,500-year-old city of Cholula, Puebla, the oldest still-inhabited city in

neg: Dave's Gourmet wearing of a straitjacket at events promoting his products. Dave's Gourmet has since introduced sauces with increasingly greater concentrations of capsaicin under names such as Dave's Commemorative Insanity, Dave's Total Insanity, and Dave's Ultimate Insanity, which has been reported variously as from 90,000 to 250,000 on the Scoville scale and comes with a caveat "Use this product one drop at a time." Keep away from eyes, children and pets. Not for people with heart or respiratory problems." Also offered is Dave's Private Reserve which comes in a coffin-shaped package and has been reported variously as from 500,000 to 750,000 Scoville

neg: Infinity chili Infinity chili The Infinity Chili pepper is a chili pepper hybrid of the "Capsicum chinense" species created in England by chili breeder Nick Woods of Fire Foods, Grantham, Lincolnshire. For two weeks in February 2011, the Infinity Chili held the Guinness World Record title for the world's hottest chili with a Scoville scale rating of 1,067,286 Scoville Heat Units (SHU). On March 1, 2011, it was displaced by the Trinidad Scorpion "Butch T" pepper, which registered 1,463,700 SHU. Woods created the Infinity Chili five years after he started growing chili peppers for his hot sauces. He was not attempting to

neg: Scoville scale mouth heat receptors, which vary widely among people. Another weakness is sensory fatigue; the palate is quickly desensitized to capsaicinoids after tasting a few samples within a short time period. Results vary widely (up to ± 50%) between laboratories. Since the 1980s, spice heat has been assessed quantitatively by HPLC, which measures the concentration of heat-producing capsaicinoids, typically with capsaicin content as the main measure. As stated in one review: "the most reliable, rapid, and efficient method to identify and quantify capsaicinoids is high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC); the results of which can be converted to Scoville Heat Units by multiplying

neg: Reaper Miniatures England. In July 1998, Reaper launched the Warlord 25 mm fantasy line, CAV N-scale sci-fi line (Combat Assault Vehicle), Reaper Box Sets, Reaper Pro Paints, and Reaper Masters Series Paints. January 2004 saw Reaper move once again, to a new production facility in Denton, Texas. The company has had three "Bones" Kickstarter campaigns. These have been used to launch and expand their lines of plastic miniatures in a new material. The first ended on August 26, 2012, with participants pledging over US$3 million, making it the third highest overall Kickstarter at the time. The second campaign also reached above $3

neg: Andy Roddick what was then the fastest serve in professional tennis: 249.4 km/h (155 mph) during a Davis Cup semifinal match with Vladimir Voltchkov on hard court in Charleston, South Carolina. Roddick's record serve has since been superseded by Ivo Karlović, who served at 251 km/h (156 mph) playing at the Davis Cup in March 2011. Roddick also had the fastest serve in U.S. Open history: 244 km/h (152 mph) against American Scoville Jenkins, and against future No. 1 Rafael Nadal. Roddick also won the 2004 ESPY Award for Best Male Tennis Player. That same year he won the Arthur Ashe Humanitarian

neg: Scoville scale the parts-per-million by 16." HPLC results permit the measurement of a substance’s capsaicin capacity to produce perceived heat ("pungency"). This method yields results in American Spice Trade Association (ASTA) "pungency units", which are defined as one part capsaicin per million parts dried pepper mass. For parts per million (ppm) measurements: "Scoville Heat Units are calculated in parts per million of heat (ppm H) based on sample dry weight according to the following equation from ASTA (1985): ppm H = [Peak area of capsaicin + (0.82)(peak area of dihydrocapsaicin)](ppm standard)(ml acetonitrile) ÷ (Total capsaicin peak area of standard)(g sample). Conversion to

neg: Morse–Scoville House Scoville family until 1974. The Morse–Scoville House is an L-shaped two-story Italianate structure with a hipped roof and a single story, gable roofed rear addition. The exterior is clad in weatherboard, and a square cupola sits atop the roof. A single-story porch runs across the width of the front facade. The windows are tall and arched, with two-over-four panes. Morse–Scoville House The Morse–Scoville House, also known as the Bela and Jennie Hutchinson Scoville House, is a private house located at 685 South Washington Street in Constantine, Michigan. It was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1996. Dr.

neg: Anthony Scoville House Anthony Scoville House The Anthony Scoville House, also known as Corbu, is a historic house at 905 Dawley Road in Mount Holly, Vermont. Built between 1964 and 1968, it is a distinctive local example of the International Style of architecture, designed by architect Anthony Scoville for his own year-round use. The house was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 2007. In early 2016, it was for sale. The Scoville house stands on a rural parcel of rolling terrain. The house is located on the west side of Dawley Road, a short way south of Shunpike Road, and

neg: Mirror Reaper date." Sasha Geffen of "Pitchfork" said, "Mourning overwhelms the mourner; it often feels as though it is the whole world. Mirror Reaper simulates that totality of grief, but it also transcends its own function as a eulogy." Writing for "PopMatters", Thomas Britt praised the meaningfulness of the song's protracted length, saying, "The concluding impression, through repeated listens, is that "Mirror Reaper" is appropriately scaled to its subject and stakes [...] Implicitly, the record poses the question: If this hour-plus feels long, what must forever feel like?" "Mirror Reaper" appeared on many publications' year-end lists. Bell Witch Additional personnel Mirror Reaper

neg: Anthony Scoville House level. The house was designed by architect Anthony Scoville, a recent graduate of Yale University, and was built between 1964 and 1968 by fellow Yale students and friends of Scoville's, on land he had purchased a few years earlier. The house is based on the architectural ideals espoused by Le Corbusier, prompting Scoville to name the property "Corbu". The house bears some conceptual resemblance to Le Corbusier's Villa Savoye in France. Anthony Scoville House The Anthony Scoville House, also known as Corbu, is a historic house at 905 Dawley Road in Mount Holly, Vermont. Built between 1964 and 1968, it

neg: Scoville Square Park bought the building to save it from demolition and contributed public money toward its restoration and renovation. Restoration work including removal of a black glass facade that Gilmore's had applied to the building. The building is now known as the Scoville Square building and houses retail business on the ground floor and offices on its upper floors. Scoville Square The Masonic Temple Building (also known as the Scoville Block, Gilmore's Store, and Scoville Square Building) is a historic Prairie-style building in Oak Park, Illinois, at the corner of Oak Park Avenue and Lake Street. It is in the Ridgeland-Oak

neg: William Beecher Scoville in the world. Scoville contributed to the development of the aneurysm clip. His modification was to place a coiled spring with an axis parallel to the plane of clip closure. Over the course of his life Scoville trained a total of 63 neurosurgeons, 46 from the U.S. and 17 foreign. Scoville died in car crash on February 25, 1984. William Scoville' s grandson Luke Dittrich wrote a book about "Patient H.M." and his grandfather. William Beecher Scoville William Beecher Scoville (January 13, 1906 – February 25, 1984) was a neurosurgeon at Hartford Hospital. Scoville established the Department of Neurosurgery at

neg: Scoville Powerhouse Scoville Powerhouse The Scoville Powerhouse is a historic former power generation facility at Twin Lakes and Taconic Roads in the Taconic neighborhood of Salisbury, Connecticut. Built about 1899, it provided power to the surrounding estate of the Scoville family, owners of local iron mining and processing operations. It was converted into a privated residence in the 1950s, and was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1984 for its distinctive architecture. The former Scoville Powerhouse is located in a rural-residential cluster in northeastern Salisbury, at the northwest corner of Twin Lakes Road and Beaver Dam Road. It is

neg: Scoville Library Scoville Memorial Library is a not-for-profit association and is governed by an independent board of trustees. While it serves as the town's public library, it is funded largely by private donations. Scoville Library Scoville Memorial Library is the public library of Salisbury, Connecticut. Established in 1803, it was the first in the United States open to the public free of charge. It is located at 38 Main Street, in an architecturally distinguished Romanesque 1894 building donated by Jonathan Scoville, a local philanthropist. The building was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1982. The library collection began in

neg: Scoville Square Scoville Square The Masonic Temple Building (also known as the Scoville Block, Gilmore's Store, and Scoville Square Building) is a historic Prairie-style building in Oak Park, Illinois, at the corner of Oak Park Avenue and Lake Street. It is in the Ridgeland-Oak Park Historic District and was individually listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1982. The building is one of only a few commercial buildings built in the Prairie School architectural style. The three-story building was built for C. B. Scoville to a design by E. E. Roberts and was constructed between 1906 and 1909. The first

neg: Reaper (song) songs "Reaper" and "House on Fire" were confirmed as the seventh and eighth tracks, respectively, on the marquee of Webster Hall, which is located near Astor Place, in the East Village of Manhattan, New York City. "Reaper" was released as a promotional single that month. Sia said of "Reaper", "I don't care about the song. I know in print that will look bad, but what I mean is I'm not emotionally attached to it. I thought it was a fun song. I think it's a good, fun song, but I didn't anticipate it being on the record." Sia performed the

neg: Scoville Park is now the location of the park's Peace Triumphant statue, atop a ridge that marks a continental divide between the St. Lawrence River and Mississippi River basins. Scoville later donated money to create the Scoville Institute, which eventually became the Oak Park Public Library, on land immediately next door to his house. Amid plans to convert Scoville's estate into a hotel, the Park District of Oak Park was created in 1912 and, in its first purchase, it bought the property for $135,637. In 1913, the Scoville home was demolished and Jens Jensen drafted plans for the park. Scoville Park underwent

neg: My Pal Trigger is auctioned to pay Roy's debts. Scoville acquires the horse and, when the case against Roy is dropped, hires him to train Trigger. A year later, Scoville and Susan Kendrick (Dale Evans) enter their horses in a race at the State Fair. Roy is riding Scoville's Trigger in the race, and Scoville promises him ownership of the horse should he win the race. Roy is reluctant to race after learning Scoville killed Golden Sovereign. However, Roy races and aids Susan when Scoville's men hold her horse in a pocket on the track. Susan wins the race on Golden Empress, and,

neg: USS Reaper (AMc-96) the Maritime Commission at Charleston, South Carolina, to Harry Mogck of Cape May Boat Works, Cape May, New Jersey. USS Reaper (AMc-96) USS "Reaper" (AMc-96) was an "Accentor"-class coastal minesweeper acquired by the U.S. Navy for the hazardous task of removing mines from minefields laid in the water to prevent ships from passing. "Reaper" was laid down 1 June 1941 by Noank Shipbuilding Co., Noank, Connecticut, launched 15 April 1942; and placed in service 14 November 1942. During World War II, "Reaper" conducted minesweeping patrols in the Caribbean, and operated out of San Juan, Puerto Rico. Placed out of service

neg: Herbert Scoville Jr. Peace Fellowship topic. The Herbert Scoville Jr. Peace Fellowship celebrates Dr. Scoville's life and career and provides an entrée for recent graduates to begin a career in Washington, DC focusing on international peace and security. There are 26 partnering organizations with the Scoville Fellowship: Herbert Scoville Jr. Peace Fellowship The Herbert Scoville Jr. Peace Fellowship is a highly competitive national fellowship program that provides recent college and graduate school alumni with the funding and opportunity to work with senior-level policy experts at one of more than two dozen leading think tanks and advocacy groups in Washington, DC for six to nine months.

neg: Herbert Scoville Jr. Peace Fellowship Herbert Scoville Jr. Peace Fellowship The Herbert Scoville Jr. Peace Fellowship is a highly competitive national fellowship program that provides recent college and graduate school alumni with the funding and opportunity to work with senior-level policy experts at one of more than two dozen leading think tanks and advocacy groups in Washington, DC for six to nine months. It was created in 1987 to honor the legacy of Dr. Herbert (Pete) Scoville Jr. Scoville Fellows may focus on arms control and nonproliferation, conflict prevention and resolution, defense budget, diplomacy, environmental and energy security, terrorism prevention, and other international security issues.

neg: Scoville Library Scoville Library Scoville Memorial Library is the public library of Salisbury, Connecticut. Established in 1803, it was the first in the United States open to the public free of charge. It is located at 38 Main Street, in an architecturally distinguished Romanesque 1894 building donated by Jonathan Scoville, a local philanthropist. The building was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1982. The library collection began in 1771, when Richard Smith, owner of a local blast furnace, used community contributions to buy 200 books in London. Patrons could borrow and return books on the third Monday of every

neg: Reaper (DC Comics) Reaper. However, Caspian, who knows what charges he is up against, tells Batman that he will make a fine successor, and lets go of the ledge, plummeting to his death. After being exposed as the Reaper, Caspian is given a funeral funded by Bruce Wayne, who says that he deserves a peaceful death. Rachel, who was initially unaware of her father's crimes, becomes a nun after Caspian's life as the Reaper is exposed. In the 1991 one-shot sequel, "Batman: Full Circle", Chill's son Joe Jr. briefly assumes the mantle of Reaper, as part of a plan to drive Batman insane.

neg: The Solitary Reaper his preface to the Lyrical Ballads. There is, first and foremost, the use of what Wordsworth calls “the language really used by men.” 3. The Solitary Reaper https://diariummedia.wordpress.com/2018/06/30/118/ The Solitary Reaper "The Solitary Reaper" is a ballad by English Romantic poet William Wordsworth, and one of his best-known works. The poem was inspired by his and his sister Dorothy's stay at the village of Strathyre in the parish of Balquhidder in Scotland in September 1803. '"The Solitary Reaper is one of Wordsworth's most famous post-"Lyrical Ballads" lyrics". The words of the reaper's song are incomprehensible to the speaker, so his

neg: Diablo III: Reaper of Souls what they already liked about it" but suggesting that it was unlikely to change the minds of players who didn't enjoy the initial game's release, due to it improving on but not fundamentally changing the experience. Petit summarized, "If you're looking for reasons to keep on clicking, Reaper of Souls has plenty." Polygon's Arthur Gies came to a similar conclusion, writing "Reaper of Souls reinvigorates an already great game". "Reaper of Souls" sold 2.7 million copies in its first week on sale. As of August 2014, "Diablo III" and "Reaper of Souls" have combined sales of 20 million copies. As

neg: William Beecher Scoville William Beecher Scoville William Beecher Scoville (January 13, 1906 – February 25, 1984) was a neurosurgeon at Hartford Hospital. Scoville established the Department of Neurosurgery at Connecticut's Hartford Hospital in 1939. He performed surgery on Henry Gustav Molaison in 1953 to relieve epilepsy that led to damage of Molaison's hippocampus and left him with a memory disorder. Scoville was born in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, on January 13, 1906. Although he had a strong interest in automobiles throughout his life, his father pushed William toward a career in medicine. After completing his undergraduate degree at Yale (B.A., 1928), he attended and graduated

neg: Morse–Scoville House Morse–Scoville House The Morse–Scoville House, also known as the Bela and Jennie Hutchinson Scoville House, is a private house located at 685 South Washington Street in Constantine, Michigan. It was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1996. Dr. Francis J . Morse was one of a string of doctors who owned a drugstore in Constantine. He was active in village affairs, being a school trustee in 1859-62, ans helping organize the First State Bank in 1864. In 1864, he purchased the lots on which this house stands, and had it constructed in about 1864/65. Morse deeded the

neg: Morse–Scoville House property to Mary E. Eacker in 1878, who then deeded it to Jennie H. Scoville in 1881. Jennie Scoville was the wife of Dr. Bela P. Scoville, a Civil War veteran who had completed medical school at the University of Michigan in 1868. Scoville set up a medical practice in Mottville after graduation, and there married Jennie Hutchinson in 1880. After their marriage, Bela and Jennie Hutchinson Scoville moved to Constantine into this house. They lived here until their deaths: Bela in 1917 and Jennie in 1936. The Scovilles had one son, Charles T. Scoville. The house remained in the

neg: McCormick Observatory homestead of Walnut Grove was located near Raphine, Virginia, although they moved to Chicago in 1848 to manufacture the reaper on a large scale. In Chicago, Cyrus, Leander and their brother William founded what became the McCormick Harvesting Machine Company and eventually International Harvester. In 1870 Leander decided to donate the largest telescope in the world to his home state of Virginia. However, the financial impact of the American Civil War on Virginia as well as the impact of the Great Chicago Fire on his own finances, delayed his effort. In addition to the University of Virginia, for years he

neg: Scoville Powerhouse and the powerhouse, which provided electricity to the estate. Family records are unclear on how long the power station operated, but the estate was sold off in portions in the mid-20th century. The power station was sold in the 1950s and converted into a residence. Scoville Powerhouse The Scoville Powerhouse is a historic former power generation facility at Twin Lakes and Taconic Roads in the Taconic neighborhood of Salisbury, Connecticut. Built about 1899, it provided power to the surrounding estate of the Scoville family, owners of local iron mining and processing operations. It was converted into a privated residence in

neg: Warhammer (game) just two types of figurines) plus a cardboard cutout for the general, the 8th edition contains a more widely varied army (including cavalry, Sword Masters, mage, and a general mounted on a griffon). Published in November 1981 for its second edition (1978 for the very first one), and written by Richard Halliwell and Rick Priestley, "Reaper" is considered the ancestor of "Warhammer Fantasy Battle". "Reaper" is more a skirmish game for up to 30 miniatures rather than a large-scale wargame. The first edition, written by Bryan Ansell, Richard Halliwell and Rick Priestley was published in 1983 and consists of a

neg: Grim Reaper (advertisement) the gay community. Australian AIDS pioneer Ron Penny regretted the fact this occurred: The downside was that the Grim Reaper became identified with gay men rather than as the Reaper. That was what we had unintentionally produced - [the belief] by some that the Reaper was people with HIV infection, rather than the Reaper harvesting the dead. I think there's never been anything on television or any media that has ever matched it in terms of impact, but no advertising can be without some downside, and that was never intended. But it at least made people aware and probably did

neg: Grim Reaper (comics) Dark Avengers and H.A.M.M.E.R. agents and imprisoned in The Raft. While there, Grim Reaper is stabbed in the heart by an inmate loyal to Osborn, and has to undergo an operation. It is also revealed that Simon is a member of the Lethal Legion, also imprisoned in the Raft. Grim Reaper is then revealed to have died as a result of the stabbing. During the "Chaos War" storyline, the Grim Reaper returns from the dead following what happened to the death realms and becomes a servant of Amatsu-Mikaboshi. He and Nekra fight the "Dead Avengers" (consisting of Captain Marvel, Deathcry,

neg: Carolina Reaper April 2018, a case report of "thunderclap headaches" in a 34-year-old man – who was hospitalized a few days after consuming one Carolina Reaper pepper of unspecified size in a contest – included a presumptive diagnosis of reversible cerebral vasoconstriction syndrome (RCVS). With no reason to believe pepper compounds had a role in the mechanism of RCVS, other clinical interpretations, such as a stress response from eating such a hot pepper, may explain the headaches. For growing, the pepper has been described as "a good all-rounder to try at home" by UK ethnobotanist James Wong, who said that they require

neg: Reaper (DC Comics) the "children of Gotham". He is fueled by his hatred toward Colonel Kurt Schloss, the Nazi who killed his parents. Reaper is then seen at Gotham Harbor demanding Hugo for his serum that is later found out to keep his skin from deteriorating. The serum is injected into him by Doctor Death. He soon attacks Mario Falcone and Huntress takes to his defense, to prevent Reaper from killing him. Batman sweeps in to take out Reaper but instead he escapes by throwing gas at Batman. Batman later finds him and when Reaper's face is seen rotting and asks Batman what

neg: The Fear Reaper for "Gotham"s twisted Birds of Prey storyline. If you need pointers, Bruce Wayne and the GCPD. This is what poetic justice looks like on "Gotham"." The Fear Reaper "The Fear Reaper" is the second episode of the fourth season and 68th episode overall from the Fox series "Gotham". The show is itself based on the characters created by DC Comics set in the Batman mythology. The episode was written by executive producer Danny Cannon and directed by Louis Shaw Milito. It was first broadcast on September 28, 2017. In the episode, Gordon goes after Jonathan Crane, now calling himself "The

neg: Georgetown, South Carolina recent years, the economy has become more diversified. The GST Steel Company declared bankruptcy in 2001, first closing the Kansas City plant. In 2003 it closed the South Carolina plant. The Georgetown plant has subsequently reopened under ownership of ArcelorMittal. Due to the influx of cheap foreign steel into the United States, the plant closed its doors again in August 2015. On May 19, 2017, Mayor Jack Scoville announced that ArcelorMittal had agreed to sell the mill to Liberty Steel. Heritage tourism has become a booming business in Georgetown, supporting much retail activity. In addition, many retirees have chosen to

neg: Capsicum plants in this genus. The seeds themselves do not produce any capsaicin, although the highest concentration of capsaicin can be found in the white pith around the seeds. The amount of capsaicin in the fruit is highly variable and dependent on genetics and environment, giving almost all types of "Capsicum" varied amounts of perceived heat. The most recognizable "Capsicum" without capsaicin is the bell pepper, a cultivar of "Capsicum annuum", which has a zero rating on the Scoville scale. The lack of capsaicin in bell peppers is due to a recessive gene that eliminates capsaicin and, consequently, the "hot" taste

neg: Scoville Memorial Library (Carleton College) library "completed the historic core of buildings" on the Carleton College campus. Also NRHP-listed on the campus are Willis Hall, built 1868–72, and Goodsell Observatory, built 1887. Scoville Memorial Library (Carleton College) Scoville Memorial Library is a historic building on the campus of Carleton College in Northfield, Minnesota, United States. It is listed on the National Register of Historic Places. It was the college's library until the current library was built in the 1950s. Until 2016 it housed several student support organizations and the Cinema and Media Studies department. Currently the building is under intensive renovations and will soon house

neg: Thomas Scoville Thomas Scoville Thomas Scoville (b. California 1960). American humorist, programmer, technologist and author who chronicled the rise and fall of Silicon Valley during the dot-com bubble. Two works render a Silicon Valley insider's perspective based on two decades as a software engineer: The satirical Silicon Valley Tarot published in 1998 and "Silicon Follies", an online serial novel running on Salon.com in 1999, eventually finding its way to hardcover publication by Pocket Books and a television pilot by Ron Howard's Imagine Television. Scoville also wrote technology essays including "Howl.com (with apologies to Allen Ginsberg)", "The Elements Of Style: Unix As Literature",

neg: (Don't Fear) The Reaper to describe a couple believing they would meet again in the afterlife. He guessed that "40,000 men and women" died each day, and the figure was used several times in the lyrics; this rate was 100,000 off the mark. "(Don't Fear) The Reaper" was written and sung by lead guitarist Buck Dharma and produced by David Lucas, Murray Krugman, and Sandy Pearlman. The song's distinctive guitar riff is built on the "i-VII-VI" chord progression, in an A minor scale. The riff was recorded with Krugman's Gibson ES-175 guitar, which was run through a Music Man 410 combo amplifier, and Dharma's

neg: Combat Assault Vehicle rules and more time playing and painting. CAV models are all cast in N-Scale by Reaper Miniatures. Currently there are around 100 different models available for the game, with prices starting around $8.00(US) and reaching $25.00(US). The models cover the wide array of units available in the game, ranging from the namesake CAVs to aircraft, infantry, fighting vehicles, tanks, armored personnel carriers, support models and weapons packs. When CAV was first released, all the aircraft and APC models were cast in 2/3 N-Scale to make them more affordable for customers. Thanks to numerous requests from the CAV community, Reaper has

neg: Scoville Memorial Library (Carleton College) Scoville Memorial Library (Carleton College) Scoville Memorial Library is a historic building on the campus of Carleton College in Northfield, Minnesota, United States. It is listed on the National Register of Historic Places. It was the college's library until the current library was built in the 1950s. Until 2016 it housed several student support organizations and the Cinema and Media Studies department. Currently the building is under intensive renovations and will soon house the Admissions and Financial Aid offices. It was built in 1896 and listed on the National Register of Historic Places (NRHP) in 1982. The construction of this

neg: Urfa biber to a dark, purplish black. Urfa biber is less spicy than many other chili peppers, but provides a more lasting build of heat. The pungency of the urfa biber is 30,000–50,000 SHU on the Scoville scale. Traditionally used in Turkey in meat and savoury foods. Urfa biber Urfa biber (also known as isot pepper) is a dried Turkish chili pepper of the type "Capsicum annuum" cultivated in the Urfa region of Turkey. It is often described as having a smoky, raisin-like taste. Urfa biber is technically a red pepper, ripening to a dark maroon on the plant. The peppers go

neg: Harissa of prepared harissa. In 2006, the Tunisian production of harissa was 22,000 tonnes, incorporating about 40,000 tonnes of peppers. Tunisian harissa is often made with chilis grown around Nabeul and Gabès, which are relatively mild, scoring 40,000–50,000 on the Scoville scale. Another significant producer is Algeria's Annaba Province, which is also a significant consumer. According to cookbook author Martha Rose Shulman, premade harissa tastes rather different from that which is served in Tunisian and expatriate restaurants. Harissa Harissa ( "harīsa", from Maghrebi Arabic) is a Maghrebi hot chili pepper paste, the main ingredients of which are roasted red peppers, Baklouti

neg: Cubanelle Cubanelle The Cubanelle, also known as "Cuban pepper" and "Italian frying pepper", is a variety of sweet pepper of the species "Capsicum annuum". When unripe, it is light yellowish-green in color, but will turn bright red if allowed to ripen. Compared to bell peppers it has thinner flesh, is longer, and has a slightly more wrinkled appearance. It is used extensively in the cuisine of Cuba, the Dominican Republic, Haiti, Puerto Rico and Italy. Cubanelle peppers generally measure between a 100 and a 1000 on the Scoville scale. Most of the cubanelle pepper imports come from the Dominican Republic (where

neg: Peperoncino next harvest. They are eaten whole, fried until crisp, crushed, pickled, powdered or as a paste. A typical peperoncino from Calabria rates 15,000 to 30,000 on the Scoville scale. Notable Calabrian dishes which use peperoncini are the condiment Bomba Calabrese and the spreadable pork sausage 'Nduja. It is also used in dishes of other regional cuisines of Southern and Central Italy, such as the Roman Arrabbiata sauce. The most common way pepperoncino, aka pepperoncini, is served especially outside of Italy is pickled. Making pepperoncini is a relatively simple process involving pickling the fresh peppers in a combination of water, apple

neg: Black Pearl pepper Black Pearl pepper Black Pearl pepper is a cultivar of "Capsicum annuum". It is characterized by distinctive black leaves and fruit. It was developed by Arboretum Floral and Nursery Plants Research Unit scientists Rob Griesbach and John Stommel of the Agricultural Research Service’s Vegetable Laboratory. This pepper plant is notably similar to another strain, named the Black Hungarian, another designer pepper plant. Though edible (the flavor has a citrus undertone with a slow burn between 4 and 12 times spicier than a jalapeño on the Scoville Scale), it is considered an ornamental plant and even won an award for its

neg: Peppadew the Piquante Pepper, plant breeder's rights were applied for and obtained with the South African Department of Agriculture, Forestry and Fisheries in order to protect the species. The Piquante Pepper fruit is processed for removal of the seeds and reduction of the heat of the pepper to more palatable levels and is then pickled and bottled. The flavor of the Piquantè Pepper fruit is sweet because sugar is added in the pickling process, with mild heat of around 1200 SHU on the Scoville scale. Peppadew Peppadew® is the trademarked brand name used to market of a variety of food products

neg: Scoville Jenkins assistant coach. In June 2014, Jenkins graduated from the University of Washington Jenkins is currently assistant coach at the University of Wisconsin - Madison. Scoville Jenkins Scoville Jenkins (born September 23, 1986, in Atlanta, Georgia) is a former professional tennis player on the ATP Tour. He is sometimes referred to by his nickname "Sco". He reached a career-high ATP singles ranking of World No. 187 in April 2009. On August 16, 2004, at the age of 17, Jenkins became the first African-American to capture the Boys' 18 USTA National Hard Court title in singles in the tournament's 89-year history. In

neg: Habanero Habanero The habanero (; ) is a hot variety of chili pepper. Unripe habaneros are green, and they color as they mature. The most common color variants are orange and red, but the fruit may also be white, brown, yellow, green, or purple. Typically, a ripe habanero is long. Habanero chilis are very hot, rated 100,000–350,000 on the Scoville scale. The habanero's heat, flavor and floral aroma make it a popular ingredient in hot sauces and other spicy foods. The name indicates something or someone from "La Habana" (Havana). In English, it is sometimes incorrectly spelled "habañero" and pronounced ,

neg: Pequin pepper Pequin pepper Pequin (or piquín) pepper () is a hot chili pepper cultivar commonly used as a spice. Taxonomically, it is classified within variety "glabriusculum" of the species "Capsicum annuum". Pequin has a compact habit, growing typically 0.3–0.6 meters tall, with bright green, ovate leaves and small berries that rarely exceed 2 cm in length. Like most chilies, the berries start out green, ripening to brilliant red at maturity. Pequin peppers are very hot, often 5-8 times hotter than jalapeños on the Scoville scale (30,000 to 60,000 Units). Flavor is described as citrusy, smoky (if dried with wood smoke), and

neg: Aleppo pepper United States outside Armenian, Syrian and Turkish immigrant communities was rare until the 20th century, with one source ("Los Angeles" magazine) dating its rise in use among the broader U.S. population according to the 1994 publication of "The Cooking of the Eastern Mediterranean" () by Paula Wolfert. The Aleppo pepper has a moderate heat level of about 10,000 on the Scoville scale, with some fruitiness and mild, cumin-like undertones. Its flavor is similar to the ancho chile, but oilier and slightly salty; salt is often used in the drying process. It is fairly mild, with its heat building slowly, with

neg: Capsicum baccatum Capsicum baccatum Capsicum baccatum is a member of the genus "Capsicum", and is one of the five domesticated pepper species. The fruit tends to be very pungent, and are 30,000 to 50,000 on the Scoville Heat Unit scale. Some form of the word "ají" has been used since approximately 4600 BCE. It was first used in the protolanguage Otomanguean. It then spread along with the Capsicum fruit from Central and south America to other pepper growing regions. "Capsicum baccatum" is still referred to as ají, while other peppers are referred to as pepper via the Spanish conquistadors noting of the

neg: Capsicum baccatum in their art, including Ají amarillo peppers. South American farmers also grow "C. baccatum" as ornamental plants for export. Capsicum baccatum Capsicum baccatum is a member of the genus "Capsicum", and is one of the five domesticated pepper species. The fruit tends to be very pungent, and are 30,000 to 50,000 on the Scoville Heat Unit scale. Some form of the word "ají" has been used since approximately 4600 BCE. It was first used in the protolanguage Otomanguean. It then spread along with the Capsicum fruit from Central and south America to other pepper growing regions. "Capsicum baccatum" is still

neg: Hot pepper challenge Hot pepper challenge The hot pepper challenge (also ghost pepper challenge or chili pepper challenge) is an Internet viral video fad, consisting of a food challenge that involves filming oneself while eating and swallowing a chili pepper that is high on the Scoville scale and known for its piquant (spicy-hot) qualities, in particular the cayenne pepper, Thai pepper, habanero, ghost pepper, and the Trinidad moruga scorpion pepper; the video is then uploaded to the Internet. Hot pepper challenges have been featured on television series, including "Man v. Food". The Internet videos generally show the different stages the participant goes through.

neg: Hot pepper challenge attacks, are more common. These were also reported in the Ohio school's ghost pepper incident. Hot pepper challenge The hot pepper challenge (also ghost pepper challenge or chili pepper challenge) is an Internet viral video fad, consisting of a food challenge that involves filming oneself while eating and swallowing a chili pepper that is high on the Scoville scale and known for its piquant (spicy-hot) qualities, in particular the cayenne pepper, Thai pepper, habanero, ghost pepper, and the Trinidad moruga scorpion pepper; the video is then uploaded to the Internet. Hot pepper challenges have been featured on television series, including

neg: Scoville Jenkins Scoville Jenkins Scoville Jenkins (born September 23, 1986, in Atlanta, Georgia) is a former professional tennis player on the ATP Tour. He is sometimes referred to by his nickname "Sco". He reached a career-high ATP singles ranking of World No. 187 in April 2009. On August 16, 2004, at the age of 17, Jenkins became the first African-American to capture the Boys' 18 USTA National Hard Court title in singles in the tournament's 89-year history. In 2004, Jenkins reached the semi-finals of Junior Wimbledon, quarter-finals of Junior US Open,junior Australian Open,and ranked 6 in the ITF junior rankings. At the

neg: Espelette pepper it has gradually replaced black pepper and it is a key ingredient in piperade. AOC espelette peppers are cultivated in the following communes: Ainhoa, Cambo-les-Bains, Espelette, Halsou, Itxassou, Jatxou, Larressore, Saint-Pée-sur-Nivelle, Souraïde, and Ustaritz. They are harvested in late summer and, in September, characteristic festoons of pepper are hung on balconies and house walls throughout the communes to dry out. An annual pepper festival organized by Confrérie du Piment d'Espelette, held since 1968 on the last weekend in October, attracts some 20,000 tourists. This pepper attains a maximum grade of only 4,000 on the Scoville scale and is therefore considered

neg: Chimayo pepper Chimayo pepper The Chimayo pepper is a pepper cultivar of the species "Capsicum annuum". It is named after the town of Chimayo, New Mexico, where roughly of Chimayo peppers are harvested annually. The arid climate of the town of Chimayo greatly influences the appearance of the Chimayo pepper, giving it a twisted, "sun-dried" shape. Its color can be compared to that of the Jalapeño, transitioning from green to red as the fruit matures. Chimayo peppers are of medium pungency, and have a heat level ranging from 4,000 to 6,000 on the Scoville scale. Chimayo pepper plants typically grow to a

neg: Organoleptic and toxicology tests) to determine whether a food product is safe to consume. Organoleptic analyses are, occasionally, still used when the protocol for a certain sample does not have a high enough sample throughput to meet the demand. In this case, organoleptic analyses serves as a primary screen to determine which samples must be analyzed according to the original method protocol, and which samples need no further sensory analysis. Measurements of pepper spiciness on the Scoville scale depend upon an organoleptic test. The quality of extracts used in phytotherapy is assessed in part using organoleptic tests. Organoleptic qualities are considered

neg: Capsicum rhomboideum Capsicum rhomboideum Capsicum rhomboideum is a perennial member of the genus "Capsicum" with 2n=2x=26, and is considered a distant wild relative of the chili pepper. Its fruit do not have any pungency, and are a 0 on the Scoville Heat Unit scale. It gets its name from the rhomboidal to elliptical shape of its leaves. It is native to Mexico, Central America, and Andean region of South America. "Capsicum rhomboideum" is typically a perennial shrub. It is densely covered in trichomes, making it pubescent. It is best identified by its rhomboidal to elliptically-shaped leaves. The flowers have a five-toothed calyx

neg: Scoville Library the Scoville Memorial Library collection, making the library the first publicly supported free town library in the United States. In the early 1890s, Jonathan Scoville, another Salisbury native, left $12,000 in his will for a library building. This bequest, together with contributions from other Scoville family members, financed the construction of a gray granite building, built from native stone quarried near Lion's Head Road. Miss Grace Scoville donated a tower clock, which continues to chime the quarter hours with four, eight, twelve, and sixteen notes from Parsifal. The original building was designed to serve the town as its library and

neg: Jonathan Scoville Jonathan Scoville Jonathan Scoville (July 14, 1830 – March 4, 1891) was a U.S. Representative from New York. Born in Salisbury, Connecticut, Scoville attended various educational institutions in Massachusetts, including the scientific department of Harvard University. He engaged in business in Canaan, Connecticut, in 1854 as an iron manufacturer and mine owner. He moved to Buffalo, New York, in 1860 and established a car-wheel foundry, and the next year established another in Toronto, Ontario, Canada. Scoville was elected as a Democrat to the Forty-sixth Congress to fill the vacancy caused by the resignation of Ray V. Pierce. He was reelected

neg: Nagaland which describe activities done in an agricultural season. Tribal dances of the Nagas give an insight into the inborn Naga reticence of the people. War dances and other dances belonging to distinctive Naga tribes are a major art form in Nagaland. Nagaland is home to the bhut jolokia or ghost pepper, one of the hottest chilis in the world at 855,000 SHU on the Scoville scale. All the tribes of Nagaland have their own cuisine, and they use a lot of meat, fish, and fermented products in their dishes. However, the state dish is smoked pork cooked with fermented soya

neg: Fish pepper artist Horace Pippin in 1944. Fish peppers have a vibrant appearance, making them popular as ornamental peppers. As they grow, their color varies greatly, progressing from an initial creamy white color to red when they mature. Fish peppers are typically hot peppers, and their heat can range from 5,000 to 30,000 on the Scoville scale. The peppers grow to roughly long, with the plant itself growing to roughly in height. Fish pepper The fish pepper is a pepper cultivar of the species "Capsicum annuum". Originating in the Caribbean, it is believed that the fish pepper was brought to the U.S.

neg: Tabasco pepper it can deter fruit growth. Tabasco pepper The tabasco pepper is a variety of chili pepper species "Capsicum frutescens" with its origins in Mexico. It is best known through its use in Tabasco sauce, followed by "peppered vinegar". Like all "C. frutescens" cultivars, the tabasco plant has a typical bushy growth, which commercial cultivation makes stronger by trimming the plants. The tapered fruits, around 4 cm long, are initially pale yellowish-green and turn yellow and orange before ripening to bright red. Tabascos rate from 30,000 to 50,000 on the Scoville scale of heat levels, and are the only variety of

neg: Tabasco pepper Tabasco pepper The tabasco pepper is a variety of chili pepper species "Capsicum frutescens" with its origins in Mexico. It is best known through its use in Tabasco sauce, followed by "peppered vinegar". Like all "C. frutescens" cultivars, the tabasco plant has a typical bushy growth, which commercial cultivation makes stronger by trimming the plants. The tapered fruits, around 4 cm long, are initially pale yellowish-green and turn yellow and orange before ripening to bright red. Tabascos rate from 30,000 to 50,000 on the Scoville scale of heat levels, and are the only variety of chili pepper whose fruits are