query: the spaceprobe that is currently orbiting saturn is called

pos: Cassini–Huygens was active in space for nearly 20 years, with 13 years spent orbiting Saturn, studying the planet and its system after entering orbit on July 1, 2004. The voyage to Saturn included flybys of Venus (April 1998 and July 1999), Earth (August 1999), the asteroid 2685 Masursky, and Jupiter (December 2000). Its mission ended on September 15, 2017, when "Cassini's" trajectory took it into Saturn's upper atmosphere and it burned up in order to prevent any risk of contaminating Saturn's moons, which might have offered habitable environments to stowaway terrestrial microbes on the spacecraft. The mission is widely perceived to

pos: Saturn exploration of Saturn can be divided into three main phases. The first era was ancient observations (such as with the naked eye), before the invention of the modern telescopes. Starting in the 17th century, progressively more advanced telescopic observations from Earth have been made. The third phase is visitation by space probes, by either orbiting or flyby. In the 21st century, observations continue from Earth (including Earth-orbiting observatories like the Hubble Space Telescope) and, until its 2017 retirement, from the "Cassini" orbiter around Saturn. Saturn has been known since prehistoric times and in early recorded history it was a major

pos: Methone (moon) Methone Ring Arc, a faint partial ring around Saturn co-orbital with Methone that was discovered in September 2006. Methone (moon) Methone is a very small natural satellite of Saturn orbiting between the orbits of Mimas and Enceladus. It was discovered in 2004, and in 2012 was imaged more closely by the Cassini orbiter probe. Methone was first seen by the Cassini Imaging Team and given the temporary designation '. Methone is also named ' (32). The "Cassini" spacecraft has made two visits to Methone and its closest approach was made on May 20, 2012 with a minimum distance of from

pos: Rosaly Lopes that had never before been detected as active. In 2002, she became Investigation Scientist on the RADAR Team supporting the Saturn-orbiting Cassini spacecraft. She planned science observations of Saturn, its moons, and rings, and co-chaired the Cassini Satellites Orbiter Science Team from 2003-2010. Her main interest on Cassini is in Saturn's largest moon Titan. The synthetic aperture radar data from the RADAR instrument show that Titan has volcanic features, but not like silicate volcanism on the Earth or Io. Titan's flows and other volcanic features are likely the result of ice volcanism (cryovolcanism). She has participated in several studies of

pos: S/2009 S 1 by an approximately long shadow that it cast on the planet Saturn's B ring. S/2009 S 1 S/2009 S 1 is a "propeller moonlet" of Saturn orbiting at a distance of approximately , in the outer part of the B Ring, and with an approximate diameter of . The moonlet was discovered by the Cassini Imaging Team during the Cronian equinox event on 26 July 2009, when it cast a shadow approximately long onto the B Ring. S/2009 S 1 protrudes approximately north of the ring. The image was taken approximately from Saturn. S/2009 S 1 was first identified by

pos: Timeline of Cassini–Huygens Cassini and Christiaan Huygens. Launched aboard a Titan IVB/Centaur on 15 October 1997, "Cassini" had a nearly 20-year life span, with 13 of these years spent orbiting Saturn. The voyage to Saturn included flybys of Venus (April 1998 and June 1999), Earth (August 1999), the asteroid 2685 Masursky, and Jupiter (December 2000). The probes entered orbit on 1 July 2004, and the mission ended on 15 September 2017, when "Cassini" flew into Saturn's upper atmosphere in order to prevent any risk of contaminating Saturn's moons, some of which have active environments that could potentially bear life. The mission is widely

pos: Inner moon resulting confusion over their status was not resolved until the "Voyager 1" flyby in 1980. Most of the remaining inner satellites were discovered by spacecraft "Voyager 1" and "Voyager 2" during their flybys of Jupiter (1979), Saturn (1980), Uranus (1986) and Neptune (1989). The most recent discoveries have been two moons of Uranus (Mab and Cupid), found using the Hubble Space Telescope in 2003, and Daphnis found orbiting Saturn by the Cassini spacecraft in 2005. All inner satellites follow nearly circular, prograde orbits. The median eccentricity is 0.0012, while the most eccentric inner satellite is Thebe with e=0.0177. Their inclination

pos: Outgassing reduce the level of outgassing significantly. Cleaning of surfaces, or heating of individual components or the entire assembly (a process called "bake-out") can drive off volatiles. NASA's Stardust spaceprobe suffered reduced image quality due to an unknown contaminant that had condensed on the CCD sensor of the navigation camera. A similar problem affected the Cassini spaceprobe's Narrow Angle Camera, but was corrected by repeatedly heating the system to 4 °C. A comprehensive characterisation of outgassing effects using mass spectrometers could be obtained for ESA's Rosetta spacecraft. Natural outgassing is commonplace in comets. Outgassing is a possible source of many tenuous

pos: S/2009 S 1 S/2009 S 1 S/2009 S 1 is a "propeller moonlet" of Saturn orbiting at a distance of approximately , in the outer part of the B Ring, and with an approximate diameter of . The moonlet was discovered by the Cassini Imaging Team during the Cronian equinox event on 26 July 2009, when it cast a shadow approximately long onto the B Ring. S/2009 S 1 protrudes approximately north of the ring. The image was taken approximately from Saturn. S/2009 S 1 was first identified by the Cassini Imaging Team on 26 July 2009. It was discovered during 2009's equinox

pos: Cassini–Huygens on July 1, 2008, and was renamed the Cassini Equinox Mission as the mission coincided with Saturn's equinox. A proposal was submitted to NASA for a second mission extension (September 2010 – May 2017), provisionally named the extended-extended mission or XXM. This ($60M pa) was approved in February 2010 and renamed the Cassini Solstice Mission. It included "Cassini" orbiting Saturn 155 more times, conducting 54 additional flybys of Titan and 11 more of Enceladus. On October 25, 2012, "Cassini" witnessed the aftermath of the massive Great White Spot storm that recurs roughly every 30 years on Saturn. Data from the

pos: Uracil Ascoli, it was isolated by hydrolysis of yeast nuclein; it was also found in bovine thymus and spleen, herring sperm, and wheat germ. It is a planar, unsaturated compound that has the ability to absorb light. Based on C/C isotopic ratios of organic compounds found in the Murchison meteorite, it is believed that uracil, xanthine and related molecules can also be formed extraterrestrially. In 2012, an analysis of data from the Cassini mission orbiting in the Saturn system showed that Titan's surface composition may include uracil. In RNA, uracil base-pairs with adenine and replaces thymine during DNA transcription. Methylation of

pos: Exploration of Saturn and confirmed several new satellites orbiting near or within the planet's rings. They also discovered the small Maxwell and Keeler gaps in the rings. On July 1, 2004, the "Cassini–Huygens" spacecraft performed the SOI (Saturn Orbit Insertion) maneuver and entered into orbit around Saturn. Before the SOI, "Cassini" had already studied the system extensively. In June 2004, it had conducted a close flyby of Phoebe, sending back high-resolution images and data. The orbiter completed two Titan flybys before releasing the "Huygens" probe on December 25, 2004. "Huygens" descended onto the surface of Titan on January 14, 2005, sending a flood

pos: Chaotic rotation Chaotic rotation Chaotic rotation involves the irregular and unpredictable rotation of an astronomical body. Unlike Earth's rotation, a chaotic rotation may not have a fixed axis or period. Because of the conservation of angular momentum, chaotic rotation is not seen in objects that are spherically symmetric or well isolated from gravitational interaction, but is the result of the interactions within a system of orbiting bodies, similar to those associated with orbital resonance. Examples of chaotic rotation include Hyperion, a moon of Saturn, which rotates so unpredictably that the Cassini probe could not be reliably scheduled to pass by unexplored regions,

pos: Space exploration agencies. These missions consist of flybys in 1979 by "Pioneer 11", in 1980 by "Voyager 1", in 1982 by "Voyager 2" and an orbital mission by the "Cassini" spacecraft, which lasted from 2004 until 2017. Saturn has at least 62 known moons, although the exact number is debatable since Saturn's rings are made up of vast numbers of independently orbiting objects of varying sizes. The largest of the moons is Titan, which holds the distinction of being the only moon in the Solar System with an atmosphere denser and thicker than that of Earth. Titan holds the distinction of being

neg: Saturn's moons in fiction Saturn Rhea is the second-largest moon of Saturn. Titan is the largest moon of Saturn. Its substantial atmosphere makes it the most Earth-like moon in the Solar System and hence a popular science fiction setting. Hyperion is the largest irregularly-shaped moon of Saturn, orbiting between Titan and Iapetus. Iapetus is a large moon orbiting further from Saturn than any of its other large satellites. Half of its surface is very bright while the other half is extremely dark. Investigations since 2004 have also noted its irregular shape, immense impact basins, and a high mountainous ridge on the equator. Phoebe is

neg: Irregular moon Irregular moon In astronomy, an irregular moon, irregular satellite or irregular natural satellite is a natural satellite following a distant, inclined, and often eccentric and retrograde orbit. They have been captured by their parent planet, unlike regular satellites, which formed in orbit around them. As of July 2018, 125 irregular moons are known, orbiting all four of the outer planets (Jupiter, Saturn, Uranus and Neptune). The largest of each planet are Himalia of Jupiter, Phoebe of Saturn, Sycorax of Uranus, and Triton of Neptune. It is currently thought that the irregular satellites were captured from heliocentric orbits near their current

neg: Saturn's moons in fiction a retrograde orbiting moon in the outer Saturn system. It is the largest of the Saturnian irregular moons. Saturn's moons in fiction Several of Saturn's natural satellites have figured prominently in works of science fiction. Some works of fiction refer to several of Saturn's moons, or to no specific moon. Janus is a small inner moon of Saturn notable for having an orbit nearly identical to the orbit of the moon Epimetheus; the two swap orbital positions every four years. Mimas is a small, icy moon orbiting close to Saturn, notable for being scarred by Herschel crater, whose diameter is

neg: Saturn's moons in fiction to Saturn, notable for its extremely bright surface and the geyser-like plumes of ice and water vapor that erupt from its southern polar region. It is the source of material for Saturn's E Ring. Tethys is a medium-sized icy moon orbiting close to Saturn, very similar to Dione. Due to the large crater on the surface of Tethys, some people call it "The Death Moon" due to it being similar to the Star Wars battle station, the Death Star, a moon-sized spacestation with a superlaser powerful enough to blow up planets. Dione is a medium-sized icy moon orbiting close to

neg: Enceladus Life Finder processes. Enceladus Life Finder Enceladus Life Finder (ELF) is a proposed astrobiology mission concept for a NASA spacecraft intended to assess the habitability of the internal aquatic ocean of Enceladus, which is Saturn's sixth-largest moon and seemingly similar in chemical makeup to comets. The spaceprobe would orbit Saturn and fly through Enceladus's geyser-like plumes multiple times. It would be powered by energy supplied from solar panels on the spacecraft. The Enceladus Life Finder mission was first proposed in 2015 for Discovery Mission 13 funding, and then it was proposed in May 2017 to NASA's New Frontiers program Mission 4, but

neg: Enceladus Life Finder Enceladus Life Finder Enceladus Life Finder (ELF) is a proposed astrobiology mission concept for a NASA spacecraft intended to assess the habitability of the internal aquatic ocean of Enceladus, which is Saturn's sixth-largest moon and seemingly similar in chemical makeup to comets. The spaceprobe would orbit Saturn and fly through Enceladus's geyser-like plumes multiple times. It would be powered by energy supplied from solar panels on the spacecraft. The Enceladus Life Finder mission was first proposed in 2015 for Discovery Mission 13 funding, and then it was proposed in May 2017 to NASA's New Frontiers program Mission 4, but it

neg: 2060 Chiron 2060 Chiron 2060 Chiron (), provisional designation , and also known as 95P/Chiron, is a small solar system body (or minor planet) in the outer Solar System, orbiting the Sun between Saturn and Uranus. Discovered in 1977 by Charles Kowal, it was the first-identified member of a new class of objects now known as centaurs—bodies orbiting between the asteroid belt and the Kuiper belt. Although it was initially called an asteroid and classified only as a minor planet with the designation "2060 Chiron", it was later found to exhibit behavior typical of a comet. Today it is classified as both

neg: Rings of Saturn and thus to share its retrograde orbital motion. It is aligned with the plane of Saturn's orbit. Saturn has an axial tilt of 27 degrees, so this ring is tilted at an angle of 27 degrees to the more visible rings orbiting above Saturn's equator. Galileo Galilei was the first to observe the rings of Saturn in 1610 using his telescope, but was unable to identify them as such. He wrote to the Duke of Tuscany that "The planet Saturn is not alone, but is composed of three, which almost touch one another and never move nor change with respect

neg: Saturn Apartments Saturn Apartments It is a work of science fiction set in a distant future, where the Earth has been evacuated and humanity now inhabits a man-made ring-shaped city orbiting 35 kilometers above the planet's surface. The ring is divided into floors, of which there are three; the first being the living space of everyday workers, the second being dedicated to agriculture, and the third being the dwellings of the upper class. The plot follows the life of a young man called Mitsu, whose job as a window cleaner allows him a glimpse into the lives of the ring's inhabitants, as

neg: Saturn's moons in fiction Saturn's moons in fiction Several of Saturn's natural satellites have figured prominently in works of science fiction. Some works of fiction refer to several of Saturn's moons, or to no specific moon. Janus is a small inner moon of Saturn notable for having an orbit nearly identical to the orbit of the moon Epimetheus; the two swap orbital positions every four years. Mimas is a small, icy moon orbiting close to Saturn, notable for being scarred by Herschel crater, whose diameter is very wide compared to the total circumference of the moon. Enceladus is a small, icy moon orbiting close

neg: 61 Virginis The total mass of the disk is the mass of the Earth. On 27 November 2012, the European Space Agency declared that the debris disc (like that of the Gliese 581 planetary system) has "at least 10 times" as many comets as does the Solar system. As of 2012, "planets more massive than Saturn orbiting within 6 AU" were ruled out. The ESA has further ruled out Saturn-mass planets beyond that. Additional data is needed to confirm the possibility of more sub-Saturn planets between 0.5 (really, 0.3) and 30 AU from the star. An Earth-mass planet in the star's habitable

neg: Giant planet Giant planet A giant planet is any massive planet. They are usually primarily composed of low-boiling-point materials (gases or ices), rather than rock or other solid matter, but massive solid planets can also exist. There are four known giant planets in the Solar System: Jupiter, Saturn, Uranus and Neptune. Many extrasolar giant planets have been identified orbiting other stars. Giant planets are also sometimes called jovian planets, after Jupiter ("Jove" being another name for the Roman god "Jupiter"). They are also sometimes known as gas giants. However, many astronomers now apply the latter term only to Jupiter and Saturn, classifying

neg: Inner moon day), their low mass, small size, and irregular shapes. Thirty inner satellites are currently known, found orbiting around all four of the giant planets (Jupiter, Saturn, Uranus and Neptune). Because of their small size, and glare from the nearby planet, they can be very difficult to observe from Earth. Some, such as Pan and Daphnis at Saturn, have only ever been observed by spacecraft. The first inner satellite to be observed was Amalthea, discovered by E. E. Barnard in 1892. Next were the Saturnian moons Epimetheus and Janus, observed in 1966. These two moons share the same orbit, and the

neg: Beta Pictoris interstellar meteoroids in the Solar System. The European Southern Observatory (ESO) has confirmed the presence of a planet, Beta Pictoris b, matching previous predictions, through the use of direct imagery, orbiting in the plane of the debris disk surrounding the star. This planet is currently the closest extrasolar planet to its star ever photographed: the observed separation is roughly the same as the distance between Saturn and the Sun. Beta Pictoris is a star in the southern constellation of Pictor, the Easel, and is located to the west of the bright star Canopus. It traditionally marked the sounding line of

neg: HD 46375 b is unknown, the true mass of the planet is not known. HD 46375 b HD 46375 b is an extrasolar planet located approximately 109 light-years away in the constellation of Monoceros, orbiting the star HD 46375. With 79 Ceti b on March 29, 2000, it was joint first known extrasolar planet less massive than Saturn orbiting a normal star. The planet is a "hot Jupiter", a type of planet that orbits very close to its parent star. In this case the orbital distance is only a tenth that of the planet Mercury. No transit of the planet has been detected,

neg: HD 10180 Saturn-sized giant planet with a minimum mass 65 times that of Earth. Orbiting at 3.4 AU, a distance comparable to the distance of the outer part of the asteroid belt from the Sun and as such it is likely a Sudarsky Class I planet. The spurious detection probability is 0.6%. HD 10180 HD 10180 is a Sun-like star in the southern constellation Hydrus that is notable for its large planetary system. Since its discovery, at least seven planets, and possibly as many as nine, have been observed orbiting it, making it potentially the largest of all known planetary systems, including

neg: HD 38283 b the Anglo-Australian Telescope (AAT). This method uses to look for planets by watching the star periodically wobble caused by the gravitational tug of the orbiting planets. HD 38283 b HD 38283 b is an extrasolar planet, orbiting the 7th magnitude F-type main-sequence star HD 38283, 123 light years away in the constellation Mensa. It is a Saturn-like planet orbiting at Earth-like distance in the middle of its habitable zone. But its eccentricity is 0.41, much higher than the Earth's eccentricity of 0.017. The planet's distance ranges from about 0.60 AU (closer to its star than Venus is to the Sun)

neg: Project Gemini used to resupply an orbiting space station. Land-landing at a preselected site and refurbishment and reuse were design requirements. Two baseline spacecraft were defined: a nine-man minimum modification version of the Gemini B called Min-Mod Big G and a 12-man advanced concept, having the same exterior geometry but with new, state-of-the-art subsystems, called Advanced Big G. Three launch vehicles-Saturn IB, Titan IIIM, and Saturn INT-20 (S-IC/S-IVB) were investigated for use with the spacecraft. The Air Force had an interest in the Gemini system, and decided to use its own modification of the spacecraft as the crew vehicle for the Manned

neg: Saturn V-3 engines in place of the J-2 engines, but were never used, although the HG-3 led to the development of the Space Shuttle Main Engine. The V-3 booster was one of six Saturn MLV designs that never flew, but if these vehicles had been manufactured, they could possibly have been used for the Apollo Applications Program, Manned Orbiting Research Laboratory, Mars fly-by and Mars landing missions in the 1970s and 1980s, instead of the Space Shuttle Program which ran until 2011.. Saturn V-3 The Saturn V-3, also known as the Saturn MLV 5-3, was a conceptual heavy-lift launch vehicle that would

neg: HD 46375 b HD 46375 b HD 46375 b is an extrasolar planet located approximately 109 light-years away in the constellation of Monoceros, orbiting the star HD 46375. With 79 Ceti b on March 29, 2000, it was joint first known extrasolar planet less massive than Saturn orbiting a normal star. The planet is a "hot Jupiter", a type of planet that orbits very close to its parent star. In this case the orbital distance is only a tenth that of the planet Mercury. No transit of the planet has been detected, so its inclination must be less than 83°. Because the inclination

neg: HD 17156 b HD 17156 b HD 17156 b is an extrasolar planet approximately 240 light-years away in the constellation of Cassiopeia. The planet was discovered orbiting the yellow subgiant star HD 17156 in April 2007. The planet is classified as a relatively cool hot Jupiter planet slightly smaller than Jupiter but slightly larger than Saturn in a so-called "torched orbit". This highly-eccentric three-week orbit takes it approximately 0.0523 AU of the star at periastron before swinging out to approximately 0.2665 AU at apastron. Its eccentricity is about the same as 16 Cygni Bb, a so-called "eccentric Jupiter". Until 2009, HD 17156 b

neg: Phoebe (moon) of Hawaii at Manoa, chairman of the International Astronomical Union Outer Solar System Task Group said: Phoebe's orbit is retrograde; that is, it orbits Saturn opposite to Saturn's rotation. For more than 100 years, Phoebe was Saturn's outermost known moon, until the discovery of several smaller moons in 2000. Phoebe is almost 4 times more distant from Saturn than its nearest major neighbor (Iapetus), and is substantially larger than any of the other moons orbiting planets at comparable distances. All of Saturn's regular moons except Iapetus orbit very nearly in the plane of Saturn's equator. The outer irregular satellites follow

neg: The Reality Dysfunction the extremely rare conditions on a moon orbiting a gas giant in a remote galaxy allow for the creation of a lifeform able to 'transcend' to a purely energy-based (later known as energistic) state, the Ly-Cilph. The Ly-cilph become explorers of the universe, determined to know all that can be known about space and time. Over the course of aeons, they explore the universe and, presently, one arrives in the Milky Way galaxy. An Edenist voidhawk named "Iasius" returns home to Saturn to die. As is traditional, a mating flight is called, with many voidhawks and even a blackhawk, "Udat",

neg: Saturn 3 Saturn 3 Saturn 3 is a 1980 British science fiction film, produced and directed by Stanley Donen, and starring Farrah Fawcett, Kirk Douglas, and Harvey Keitel. The screenplay was written by Martin Amis, from a story by John Barry. Though it was a British production (made by Lew Grade's ITC Entertainment and shot at Shepperton Studios), the film has an American cast and director. In the distant future, an overcrowded Earth relies on research conducted by scientists in remote stations across the solar system. Contact is maintained by spaceships shuttling between the stations and large orbiting space stations. Captain James

neg: Night sky or good binoculars, the planets appear as discs demonstrating finite size, and it is possible to observe orbiting moons which cast shadows onto the host planet's surface. Venus is the most prominent planet, often called the "morning star" or "evening star" because it is brighter than the stars and often the only "star" visible near sunrise or sunset, depending on its location in its orbit. Mercury, Mars, Jupiter and Saturn are also visible to the naked eye. Earth's Moon is a grey disc in the sky with cratering visible to the naked eye. It spans, depending on its exact location,

neg: 809 Lundia an orbit so far from Vesta, but other examples of V-type asteroids orbiting fairly far from their parent body are known. A mechanism of interplay between the Yarkovsky effect and nonlinear secular resonances (primarily involving Jupiter and Saturn) has been proposed. Lightcurve observations in 2005 revealed that Lundia is a binary system of two similarly sized objects orbiting their common centre of gravity. "Lundia" now refers to one of the objects, the other being provisionally designated S/2005 (809) 1. The similarity of size between the two components is suspected because during mutual occultations the brightness drops by a similar amount

neg: Tidal locking are: Probably locked to Saturn Probably locked to Uranus Probably locked to Neptune Tidal locking Tidal locking (also called gravitational locking or captured rotation) occurs when the long-term interaction between a pair of co-orbiting astronomical bodies drives the rotation rate of at least one of them into the state where there is no more net transfer of angular momentum between this body (e.g. a planet) and its orbit around the second body (e.g. a star); this condition of "no net transfer" must be satisfied over the course of one orbit around the second body. This does not mean that the

neg: Trojan (celestial body) than a million Jupiter trojans larger than one kilometer are thought to exist, whereas only a few Mars trojans (9) and Neptune trojans (22) have been found to date. Numerical orbital dynamics stability simulations indicate that Saturn and Uranus probably do not have any primordial trojans. The discovery of the first Earth trojan, , was announced by NASA in 2011. Unlike "trojan minor planets" that share the orbit with a planet, a trojan moon is a moon orbiting near the trojan point of another, larger moon. All known trojan moons are part of the Saturn system. Telesto and Calypso are

neg: Apollo Applications Program Apollo Applications Program The Apollo Applications Program (AAP) was established by NASA headquarters in 1968 to develop science-based manned space missions using hardware developed for the Apollo program. AAP was the ultimate development of a number of official and unofficial Apollo follow-on projects studied at various NASA labs. Initially the AAP office in Washington was an offshoot of the Apollo "X" bureau, also known as the "Apollo Extension Series". AES was developing technology concepts for mission proposals based on the Saturn IB and Saturn V boosters. These included a manned lunar base, an earth-orbiting space station, the so-called Grand Tour

neg: Carme (moon) Carme (moon) Carme ( ; ) is a retrograde irregular satellite of Jupiter. It was discovered by Seth Barnes Nicholson at Mount Wilson Observatory in California in July 1938. It is named after the mythological Carme, mother by Zeus of Britomartis, a Cretan goddess. Carme did not receive its present name until 1975; before then, it was simply known as . It was sometimes called "Pan" between 1955 and 1975 (Pan is now the name of a satellite of Saturn). It gives its name to the Carme group, made up of irregular retrograde moons orbiting Jupiter at a distance ranging

neg: Solar System other bodies orbiting the Sun. The principal component of the Solar System is the Sun, a G2 main-sequence star that contains 99.86% of the system's known mass and dominates it gravitationally. The Sun's four largest orbiting bodies, the giant planets, account for 99% of the remaining mass, with Jupiter and Saturn together comprising more than 90%. The remaining objects of the Solar System (including the four terrestrial planets, the dwarf planets, moons, asteroids, and comets) together comprise less than 0.002% of the Solar System's total mass. Most large objects in orbit around the Sun lie near the plane of Earth's

neg: 2017 MB7 It is by far the most distant and eccentric known asteroid orbiting the Sun, varying in its distance from the Sun over its orbit by 99.89% from slightly within the orbit of Jupiter, to more than 7,000 times Earth's distance to the Sun. While its orbit extends to the inner Oort cloud, it may not be a member of it, as it approaches very near to Saturn, implying Saturn has either captured a past Oort Cloud object onto this orbit, or it was a centaur ejected by Saturn from a much smaller orbit. However, it would be impossible to project

neg: Lone Echo Lone Echo Lone Echo is a virtual reality adventure game developed by Ready At Dawn, and published by Oculus Studios. Set aboard a space station orbiting Saturn, it allows players to move in zero-gravity by grabbing and pushing off of the environment. In addition to the narrative single-player game, the title includes a team-based multiplayer sports mode called Echo Arena, which was also released as a stand-alone game. "Lone Echo" is a narrative adventure game consisting of both exploration and using tools and objects to solve puzzles. Of particular note is the game's locomotion system, which allows players to grab

neg: Planets and habitats of the Night's Dawn trilogy habitat to be germinated, after Eden. A floating habitat on Atlantis, captured by the possessed before being destroyed by Laton to stop them spreading to other habitats. A habitat orbiting Murora, in the Lalonde system. Habitat orbiting a gas giant of the Ross 154 system, the same primary as Felicity's. It was the first Edenist extra-Solar habitat. Orbits Saturn. One of the two Voidhawk bases. Orbits Saturn. One of the two Voidhawk bases. Planets and habitats of the Night's Dawn trilogy This article describes the major planets and space habitats of the Night's Dawn Trilogy. The only planet colonised by

neg: HD 38283 b HD 38283 b HD 38283 b is an extrasolar planet, orbiting the 7th magnitude F-type main-sequence star HD 38283, 123 light years away in the constellation Mensa. It is a Saturn-like planet orbiting at Earth-like distance in the middle of its habitable zone. But its eccentricity is 0.41, much higher than the Earth's eccentricity of 0.017. The planet's distance ranges from about 0.60 AU (closer to its star than Venus is to the Sun) and 1.44 AU (nearly as distant from its star as Mars is to the Sun). This planet takes 363.2 days to orbit the star, just two

neg: James Edward Keeler the rings of Saturn revealed that different parts of the rings reflect light with different Doppler shifts, due to their different rates of orbit around Saturn. This was the first observational confirmation of the theory of James Clerk Maxwell that the rings are made up of countless small objects, each orbiting Saturn at its own rate. These observations were made with a spectrograph attached to the 13-inch Fitz-Clark refracting telescope at Allegheny Observatory. His observations with the Lick Crossley telescope helped establish the importance of large optical reflecting telescopes, and expanded astronomers' understanding of nebulae. After his untimely death, his

neg: HD 215497 1.282 AU. HD 215497 HD 215497 is a star located approximately 142 light-years away in the constellation of Tucana. It is a K3V star with the characteristics very similar to the Sun. In 2009, two extrasolar planets were discovered orbiting the star. Announced in 2009, two extrasolar planets were discovered to be orbiting the star. Both planets are less massive than Jupiter. The inner planet HD 215497 b orbits very close to the star and is termed a “hot super-Earth”. The outer planet HD 215497 c is Saturn-sized and orbits a little bit further from the star as the Earth,

neg: HD 215497 HD 215497 HD 215497 is a star located approximately 142 light-years away in the constellation of Tucana. It is a K3V star with the characteristics very similar to the Sun. In 2009, two extrasolar planets were discovered orbiting the star. Announced in 2009, two extrasolar planets were discovered to be orbiting the star. Both planets are less massive than Jupiter. The inner planet HD 215497 b orbits very close to the star and is termed a “hot super-Earth”. The outer planet HD 215497 c is Saturn-sized and orbits a little bit further from the star as the Earth, at around

neg: Apollo program in December 1968, crewed by McDivitt, Scott and Schweickart, launched on a Saturn V instead of two Saturn IBs. In the summer it had become clear that the LM would not be ready in time. Rather than waste the Saturn V on another simple Earth-orbiting mission, ASPO Manager George Low suggested the bold step of sending Apollo 8 to orbit the Moon instead, deferring the D mission to the next mission in March 1969, and eliminating the E mission. This would keep the program on track. The Soviet Union had sent two tortoises, mealworms, wine flies, and other lifeforms around

neg: 2060 Chiron came within million km () of Saturn. During this passage Saturn's gravity caused Chiron's semi-major axis to decrease from AU to 13.7 AU. It does not come nearly as close to Uranus; Chiron crosses Uranus's orbit where the latter is farther than average from the Sun. Chiron attracted considerable interest because it was the first object discovered in such an orbit, well outside the asteroid belt. Chiron is classified as a centaur, the first of a class of objects orbiting between the outer planets. Chiron is a Saturn–Uranus object because its perihelion lies in Saturn's zone of control and its

neg: Space habitat Joseph Cooper wakes up on a space station orbiting Saturn toward the movie's climax. Space habitat A space habitat (also called a space colony, space settlement, orbital habitat, orbital settlement or orbital colony) is a type of space station, intended as a permanent settlement rather than as a simple way-station or other specialized facility. No space habitat has been constructed yet, but many design concepts, with varying degrees of realism, have come both from engineers and from science-fiction authors. The term "space habitat" sometimes includes more broadly colonies built on or in a body other than Earth - such as

neg: Eight Worlds symbiotic pair living among the rings of Saturn, as described in the story "Equinoctial". Her first pairing ends when she is captured by religious fanatics who kidnap her newborn children to raise in their religion. Her symb partner, who took the name "Equinox", is killed, which almost drives Parameter insane. Offered another partner, she reluctantly accepts. The new symb takes the name "Solstice". The two are eventually reunited with her children. In "The Ophiuchi Hotline" she helps Lilo hide a cloned body in a capsule orbiting Saturn. A journalist who was born Maria Cabrini, then used the name Mario after

neg: James Clerk Maxwell the problem, proving that a regular solid ring could not be stable, while a fluid ring would be forced by wave action to break up into blobs. Since neither was observed, Maxwell concluded that the rings must be composed of numerous small particles he called "brick-bats", each independently orbiting Saturn. Maxwell was awarded the £130 Adams Prize in 1859 for his essay "On the stability of the motion of Saturn's rings"; he was the only entrant to have made enough headway to submit an entry. His work was so detailed and convincing that when George Biddell Airy read it he

neg: Enceladus recently Samaria Rupes, formerly called Samaria Fossa. Enceladus is one of the major inner satellites of Saturn along with Dione, Tethys, and Mimas. It orbits at 238,000 km from Saturn's center and 180,000 km from its cloud tops, between the orbits of Mimas and Tethys. It orbits Saturn every 32.9 hours, fast enough for its motion to be observed over a single night of observation. Enceladus is currently in a 2:1 mean-motion orbital resonance with Dione, completing two orbits around Saturn for every one orbit completed by Dione. This resonance maintains Enceladus's orbital eccentricity (0.0047), which is known as a

neg: Giant planet These structures are huge storms. Some such spots are thunderheads as well. Giant planet A giant planet is any massive planet. They are usually primarily composed of low-boiling-point materials (gases or ices), rather than rock or other solid matter, but massive solid planets can also exist. There are four known giant planets in the Solar System: Jupiter, Saturn, Uranus and Neptune. Many extrasolar giant planets have been identified orbiting other stars. Giant planets are also sometimes called jovian planets, after Jupiter ("Jove" being another name for the Roman god "Jupiter"). They are also sometimes known as gas giants. However, many

neg: Substellar companion Substellar companion Substellar companion is a generic term for an astronomical body orbiting a star. It can describe a celestial bodies too small to be a star, but too big to be called a planet. Alternatively, it is a substellar object such as exoplanet or brown dwarf that is orbiting a star. Objects as low as 8-23 Jupiter masses have been called a substellar companion. Objects orbiting a star are often called a planet below 13 Jupiter masses and brown dwarf above that. Companions at that planet-brown dwarf borderline have been called Super-Jupiters, such around the star Kappa Andromedae. Nevertheless,

neg: John Bruce Medaris 1960, a two-man satellite by 1962, Saturn rockets capable of boosting ten tons into orbit by 1963, an orbiting space station by 1965, a three-man expedition to the moon by 1967, and a permanent manned lunar base by 1971. That inspired an even more elaborate Army plan called Project Horizon in June 1959. Sputnik sparked a free-for-all among all the military branches, civilian bureaucracies, corporations, and universities about how to organize a gigantic effort to promote missiles and space technology swiftly and in ways that served several national interests. Medaris testified before Congress, in public appearances, and through the military

neg: Red giant orbit similar to that of Mars to for one that orbits at Saturn's distance to the Sun, the maximum time () corresponding for planets orbiting at the distance of Jupiter. However, for planets orbiting a star in equivalent orbits to those of Jupiter and Saturn they would be in the habitable zone for and respectively; for stars more massive than the Sun, the times are considerably shorter. As of June 2014, 50 giant planets have been discovered around giant stars. However, these giant planets are more massive than the giant planets found around solar-type stars. This could be because giant

neg: Tycho Brahe phases refuted the pure geocentric Ptolemaic model. After that it seems 17th-century astronomy mostly converted to geo-heliocentric planetary models that could explain these phases just as well as the heliocentric model could, but without the latter's disadvantage of the failure to detect any annual stellar parallax that Tycho and others regarded as refuting it. The three main geo-heliocentric models were the Tychonic, the Capellan with just Mercury and Venus orbiting the Sun such as favoured by Francis Bacon, for example, and the extended Capellan model of Riccioli with Mars also orbiting the Sun whilst Saturn and Jupiter orbit the fixed

neg: History of radar in position; the secondary reflector is on tracks to allow precise pointing to different parts of the sky. Many significant scientific discoveries have been made using the Arecibo radar telescope, including mapping of surface roughness of Mars and observations of Saturns and its largest moon, Titan. In 1989, the observatory radar-imaged an asteroid for the first time in history. Several spacecraft orbiting the Moon, Mercury, Venus, Mars, and Saturn have carried radars for surface mapping; a ground-penetration radar was carried on the Mars Express mission. Radar systems on a number of aircraft and orbiting spacecraft have mapped the entire Earth

neg: Rings of Saturn a 4,800-km-wide region between the A ring and B Ring. In 1787, Pierre-Simon Laplace proved that a uniform solid ring would be unstable and suggested that the rings were composed of a large number of solid ringlets. In 1859, James Clerk Maxwell demonstrated that a nonuniform solid ring, solid ringlets or a continuous fluid ring would also not be stable, indicating that the ring must be composed of numerous small particles, all independently orbiting Saturn. Later, Sofia Kovalevskaya also found that Saturn's rings cannot be liquid ring-shaped bodies. Spectroscopic studies of the rings carried out in 1895 by James Keeler

neg: Kepler-9 and around 80% the radius of Jupiter. Both planets have a density less than that of water, similar to Saturn. The innermost planet, Kepler-9d, is a super-Earth with a radius that is 1.64 times that of Earth, orbiting the star every 1.6 days. It is estimated that there is a 0.59% chance that the discoveries are false. From Kepler-9d (closest to star) to Kepler-9b (second from star), the ratio of their orbits is 1:12. However, the ratio of the orbits of the two outer planets is 1:2, a relationship known as a mean motion resonance. Kepler-9b and Kepler-9c are the

neg: Tiger stripes (Enceladus) outermost ring of Saturn (except for the tenuous Phoebe ring). It is an extremely wide but diffuse disk of microscopic icy or dusty material. The E ring is distributed between the orbits of Mimas and Titan. Numerous mathematical models show that this ring is unstable, with a lifespan between 10,000 and 1,000,000 years, therefore, particles composing it must be constantly replenished. Enceladus is orbiting inside this ring, in a place where it is narrowest but present in its highest density, raising suspicion since the 1980s that Enceladus is the main source of particles for the E ring. This hypothesis was

neg: Nice 2 model disk phase. Models of giant planets orbiting in a gas disk predict that they would migrate toward the central star at a rate dependent on the mass of the planet and characteristics of the disk. In a system with multiple planets this migration can result in the convergence of the planet’s orbits and their capture into mean-motion resonances. Investigations focusing on Jupiter and Saturn demonstrated that they can be captured in a 3:2 or 2:1 resonance depending on the characteristics of the protoplanetary disk. After capture into resonance, the gaps that Jupiter and Saturn formed in the disk's density distribution

neg: The Throne of Saturn (novel) to move its own launch up by two months. During the rollout of Planetary Fleet One's three Saturn Vs at Kennedy Space Center, five people with press badges attempt to destroy the rockets with guns and bombs, but are restrained by reporters and security. Shortly before the launch, the Soviets send a manned spacecraft toward the Moon from their orbiting space station. A protest in the VIP viewing section on the day of the launch turns violent when a mob attacks the President and Vice-President; they are unhurt, but Clete O'Donnell, overseeing the demonstration, is accidentally killed by a bomb.

neg: Irregular moon the following groupings are listed (dynamically tight groups displaying homogenous colours are listed in bold) Sinope, sometimes included into the Pasiphae group, is red and given the difference in inclination, it could be captured independently. Pasiphae and Sinope are also trapped in secular resonances with Jupiter. The following groupings are commonly listed for Saturn's satellites: According to current knowledge, the number of irregular satellites orbiting Uranus and Neptune is smaller than that of Jupiter and Saturn. However, it is thought that this is simply a result of observational difficulties due to the greater distance of Uranus and Neptune. The table

neg: 2060 Chiron spectroscopy is consistent with that used to explain Chiron's long-term brightness variations. The preferred pole of Chiron's rings is, in ecliptic coordinates, "λ" = , "β" = . The rings' width, separation, and optical depths are nearly identical to those of Chariklo's rings, indicating that the same type of structure is responsible for both. Moreover, both their rings are within their respective Roche limits. 2060 Chiron 2060 Chiron (), provisional designation , and also known as 95P/Chiron, is a small solar system body (or minor planet) in the outer Solar System, orbiting the Sun between Saturn and Uranus. Discovered in

neg: Ring system from the dust disc of the star, or a possible ring system. Ring system A ring system is a disc or ring orbiting an astronomical object that is composed of solid material such as dust and moonlets, and is a common component of satellite systems around giant planets. A ring system around a planet is also known as a planetary ring system. The most prominent and most famous planetary rings in the Solar System are those around Saturn, but the other three giant planets (Jupiter, Uranus, and Neptune) also have ring systems. Recent evidence suggests that ring systems may also

neg: Ring system Ring system A ring system is a disc or ring orbiting an astronomical object that is composed of solid material such as dust and moonlets, and is a common component of satellite systems around giant planets. A ring system around a planet is also known as a planetary ring system. The most prominent and most famous planetary rings in the Solar System are those around Saturn, but the other three giant planets (Jupiter, Uranus, and Neptune) also have ring systems. Recent evidence suggests that ring systems may also be found around other types of astronomical objects, including minor planets, moons,

neg: Magnetosphere of Saturn magnetospheric plasma making it slip relative to the planet. The lack of a precise correlation between the variation period of SKR and planetary rotation makes it all but impossible to determine the true rotational period of Saturn. Saturn has relatively weak radiation belts, because energetic particles are absorbed by the moons and particulate material orbiting the planet. The densest (main) radiation belt lies between the inner edge of the Enceladus gas torus at 3.5 R and the outer edge of the A Ring at 2.3 R. It contains protons and relativistic electrons with energies from hundreds of kiloelectronvolts (keV) to

neg: Saturn Award for Best Editing the 38th Saturn Awards in 2011. Paul Hirsch, who won the award a first time in 1977 for "Star Wars", won it again 34 years later for ""; he is currently the only person to have won it twice. Notes: "†" means that the film won the Academy Award for Best Film Editing. "‡" means that the film was nominated for the Academy Award for Best Film Editing. Saturn Award for Best Editing The Saturn Award for Best Editing (originally Saturn Award for Outstanding Editing) is one of the annual awards given by the American Academy of Science Fiction, Fantasy

neg: Magnetosphere of Saturn This belt probably consists of energetic charged particles formed via the CRAND process or of ionized energetic neutral atoms coming from the main radiation belt. The saturnian radiation belts are generally much weaker than those of Jupiter and do not emit much microwave radiation (with frequency of a few Gigahertz). Estimates shows that their decimetric radio emissions (DIM) would be impossible to detect from the Earth. Nevertherless the high energy particles cause weathering of the surfaces of the icy moons and sputter water, water products and oxygen from them. The abundant population of solid bodies orbiting Saturn including moons as

neg: Dwarf planet that are more massive than Eris are the Moon, the four Galilean moons of Jupiter (Io, Europa, Ganymede, and Callisto), one moon of Saturn (Titan), and one moon of Neptune (Triton). The others are six moons of Saturn (Mimas, Enceladus, Tethys, Dione, Rhea, and Iapetus), five moons of Uranus (Miranda, Ariel, Umbriel, Titania, and Oberon), and one moon of Pluto (Charon). There are additional possibilities among TNOs, including Dysnomia orbiting Eris. Alan Stern calls these moons "satellite planets", one of three categories of planet together with dwarf planets and classical planets. The term "planemo" ("planetary-mass object") covers all three. In

neg: GSP Saturn of withstanding severe sea conditions including waves and winds. Currently the GSP Saturn is operated by the Dutch company Wintershall Noordzee GSP Saturn GSP Saturn is a semi-submersible, jackup independent leg cantilever drilling rig operated by GSP Drilling, a Grup Servicii Petroliere subsidiary, and currently contracted by Wintershall Noordzee for drilling in the North Sea. The drilling unit is registered in Panama. "GSP Saturn" drilling rig was designed by Sonnat Offshore and was built by Petrom at the Galaţi Shipyard in 1988. The rig was completely reconstructed and refurbished in 2009 at a cost of US$50 million. The rig was

neg: PSR B1257+12 seems to be the most likely cause of the formation of the planets. In 1996, a possible Saturn-like (100 Earth mass) gas giant was announced orbiting the pulsar at a distance of about 40 AU. The original hypothesis was retracted and a reinterpretation of the data led to a new hypothesis of a dwarf planet one-fifth the size of Pluto orbiting PSR B1257+12 at an average orbital distance of 2.4 AU with an orbital period of approximately 4.6 years. The dwarf planet hypothesis was also retracted because further observations showed that the pulsation anomalies previously thought to reveal a fourth

neg: Moons of Saturn telescopes. A survey starting in late 2000 and conducted using three medium-size telescopes found thirteen new moons orbiting Saturn at a great distance, in eccentric orbits, which are highly inclined to both the equator of Saturn and the ecliptic. They are probably fragments of larger bodies captured by Saturn's gravitational pull. In 2005, astronomers using the Mauna Kea Observatory announced the discovery of twelve more small outer moons, in 2006, astronomers using the Subaru 8.2 m telescope reported the discovery of nine more irregular moons, in , Tarqeq (S/2007 S 1) was announced and in May of the same year

neg: Kepler-9c Kepler-9c Kepler-9c is one of the first seven extrasolar planets, exoplanets, discovered by NASA's Kepler Mission, and one of at least two planets orbiting the star Kepler-9. Kepler-9c and Kepler-9b were the first exoplanets confirmed to be transiting their star. The planet's discovery was announced by the Kepler Mission team on August 26, 2010 after its initial discovery by Kepler. At the time, it was one of 700 planetary candidates noted by Kepler. Observations of the planet have suggested that it is a hydrogen–helium gas giant that is slightly smaller than Saturn, and that it orbits nearby its star at

neg: B612 Foundation the B612 Foundation's prime contractor for designing and building its space telescope observatory. In his early career during the 1980s he was part of the teams that discovered new moons orbiting Neptune and Saturn through ground-based telescopic observations. Using a coronagraphic imaging system with one of the first charge-coupled devices available for astronomical use, they first observed Telesto in April 1980, just two months after being one of the first groups to observe Janus, also a moon of Saturn. Reitsema, as part of a different team of astronomers, observed Larissa in May 1981, by watching the occultation of a star

neg: Voyager 2 of water ice, possibly floating on a 50-kilometer-deep (30 mile) ocean. Two new, small satellites, Adrastea and Metis, were found orbiting just outside the ring. A third new satellite, Thebe, was discovered between the orbits of Amalthea and Io. The closest approach to Saturn occurred on August 26, 1981. While passing behind Saturn (as viewed from Earth), "Voyager 2" probed Saturn's upper atmosphere with its radio link to gather information on atmospheric temperature and density profiles. "Voyager 2" found that at the uppermost pressure levels (seven kilopascals of pressure), Saturn's temperature was 70 kelvins (−203 °C), while at the deepest

neg: Kepler-89 Kepler-89 Kepler-89 is a star with four confirmed planets. Kepler-89 is a possible wide binary star. The discovery of four planets orbiting the star was announced October 2012 by analyzing data gathered by Kepler space telescope. Follow-up radial velocity measurements confirmed the existence of Kepler-89d, indicating that Kepler-89d is slightly larger and more massive than Saturn. In October 2013, other three planets were confirmed with Kepler-89c and Kepler-89e getting reasonable mass constraints. Transit-timing variations of the outermost planet suggest that additional planets or minor bodies are present in the system. In 2012, a partial transit of the second outermost planet

neg: Kepler-47b Kepler-47b Kepler-47b (also known as Kepler-47(AB)-b and by its Kepler Object of Interest designation "KOI-3154.01") is an exoplanet orbiting the binary star system Kepler-47, the innermost of three such planets discovered by NASA's "Kepler" spacecraft. The system, also involving two other exoplanets, is located about 3,400 light-years (1,060 parsecs) away in the constellation Cygnus. The binary system is the first to be found with more than one circumbinary planet. Kepler-47b is a gas giant, an exoplanet that is near the same mass and radius as the planets Jupiter and Saturn. It has a temperature of . The planet has a

neg: Retrograde and prograde motion diameter in the main belt and near-Earth population and most are thought to be formed by the YORP effect causing an asteroid to spin so fast that it breaks up. As of 2012, and where the rotation is known, all satellites of asteroids orbit the asteroid in the same direction as the asteroid is rotating. Most known objects that are in orbital resonance are orbiting in the same direction as the objects they are in resonance with, however a few retrograde asteroids have been found in resonance with Jupiter and Saturn. Comets from the Oort cloud are much more likely

neg: HD 40307 5000 K. This is relatively high for a K-type star, approaching the temperatures normally found in G-type stars such as the Sun. The astronomers who discovered the planets orbiting HD 40307 suggested that the metallicities of stars determine whether or not the planetary bodies that orbit them will be terrestrial, like Earth, or gaseous, like Jupiter and Saturn. Despite its relative proximity to the Sun at 42 light-years, HD 40307 is not visible to the naked eye, given its apparent magnitude of 7.17. It came within 6.4 light-years of the Sun about 413,000 years ago. After spending five years observing

neg: HIP 57274 d HIP 57274 d HIP 57274 d is an exoplanet orbiting the K-type main sequence star HIP 57274 about 84.5 light-years (26 parsecs, or nearly km) from Earth in the constellation Cetus. It orbits within the outer part of its star's habitable zone, at a distance of 1.01 AU. The exoplanet was found by using the radial velocity method, from radial-velocity measurements via observation of Doppler shifts in the spectrum of the planet's parent star. HIP 57274 d is a gas giant, a planet that has a radius and mass close to that of the gas giants Jupiter and Saturn. It

neg: Orbital resonance least a million years) 1:−1 resonance with Jupiter. In addition, a few retrograde damocloids have been found that are temporarily captured in mean-motion resonance with Jupiter or Saturn. Such orbital interactions are weaker than the corresponding interactions between bodies orbiting in the same direction. A "Laplace resonance" is a three-body resonance with a 1:2:4 orbital period ratio (equivalent to a 4:2:1 ratio of orbits). The term arose because Pierre-Simon Laplace discovered that such a resonance governed the motions of Jupiter's moons Io, Europa, and Ganymede. It is now also often applied to other 3-body resonances with the same ratios, such

neg: Habitability of natural satellites several moons in the Solar System orbiting the gas giants Jupiter, Saturn, Uranus, and Neptune. However, none of these subsurface bodies of water has been confirmed to date. For a stable orbit the ratio between the moon's orbital period "P" around its primary and that of the primary around its star "P" must be < , e.g. if a planet takes 90 days to orbit its star, the maximum stable orbit for a moon of that planet is less than 10 days. Simulations suggest that a moon with an orbital period less than about 45 to 60 days will remain

neg: Planetary nebula uncertain, and Herschel first thought the objects were stars surrounded by material that was condensing into planets rather than what is now known to be evidence of dead stars that have incinerated any orbiting planets. In , William Herschel had discovered the object now known as NGC 7009 (the "Saturn Nebula"), upon which he used the term "planetary nebula". In 1785, Herschel wrote to Jerome Lalande: "These are celestial bodies of which as yet we have no clear idea and which are perhaps of a type quite different from those that we are familiar with in the heavens. I have

neg: Chrysler July 1975, NASA used ten Saturn Is and nine Saturn IBs for suborbital and orbital flights, all of which were successful; Chrysler missiles and boosters never suffered a launch failure. The division was also a subcontractor which modified one of the Mobile Launcher Platforms for use with the Saturn IB rockets using Saturn V infrastructure. 1. Fiat is exercising their right to increase their share in the company, and have announced that they want to buy an additional ~6.6% of the shares from VEBA Trust, but VEBA disagrees with the price set by Fiat. The matter is currently the subject

neg: Kepler-89 by the outermost planet was reported. This was the first time a planet-planet transit in front of the star was detected. This allowed to determine the mutual inclination of the planets d and e to be 1.15°. Kepler-89 Kepler-89 is a star with four confirmed planets. Kepler-89 is a possible wide binary star. The discovery of four planets orbiting the star was announced October 2012 by analyzing data gathered by Kepler space telescope. Follow-up radial velocity measurements confirmed the existence of Kepler-89d, indicating that Kepler-89d is slightly larger and more massive than Saturn. In October 2013, other three planets were

neg: HD 89345 b class G5V-G6V; it is 66 percent larger and 22 percent more massive than the Sun, and is 413 light-years away. The effective temperature of the star is 5609 Kelvin, and considering that HD 89345 b makes one revolution around the star in 11.8 days, being from it at a distance of 0.11 astronomical unit, This planet was described by researchers as a warm subterranean with an equilibrium temperature of 1059 Kelvin. HD 89345 b, the Saturn-sized exoplanet orbiting a slightly evolved star HD 89345, was discovered in 2018 using the transit photometry method, the process in which detects distant planets

neg: Kepler-11f of Kepler-10b, a rather large confidence interval. Its radius is the second smallest of the six planets discovered in the system at 2.61 times the radius of Earth. Kepler-11f has a density of about 0.7 g/cm, comparable to that of the Solar System's least dense planet, Saturn. Kepler-11f is the fifth planet from Kepler-11, orbiting its host star every 46.68876 days at a distance of 0.25 AU. Its orbital eccentricity is unknown. In comparison, Mercury orbits the Sun every 87.97 days at a distance of 0.387 AU. Kepler-11f has an orbital inclination of 89.4°; it can be seen almost edge-on

neg: Classical planet Classical planet In classical antiquity, the seven classical planets were the seven non-fixed astronomical objects in the sky visible to the naked eye: Mars, Jupiter, Venus, Saturn, Mercury, the Sun, and the Moon. The word "planet" comes from two related Greek words, πλάνης "planēs" (whence πλάνητες ἀστέρες "planētes asteres" "wandering stars, planets") and πλανήτης "planētēs", both with the original meaning of "wanderer", expressing the fact that these objects move across the celestial sphere relative to the fixed stars. The term "planet" in modern terminology is only applied to natural satellites directly orbiting the Sun, so that of the seven classical

neg: Ice giant spite of the trouble modelling their formation, many ice giant candidates have been observed orbiting other stars since 2004. This indicates that they may be common in the Milky Way. Considering the orbital challenges of protoplanets 20 AU or more from the centre of the Solar System would experience, a simple solution is that the ice giants formed between the orbits of Jupiter and Saturn before being gravitationally scattered outward to their now more distant orbits. Gravitational instability of the protoplanetary disk could also produce several gas giant protoplanets out to distances of up to 30 AU. Regions of slightly

neg: Interstellar (film) through the event horizon of "Gargantua", they eject from their respective landers and find themselves in a tesseract, possibly constructed by humans of the far future. Across time, Cooper can see through the bookcases of Murph's old room on Earth and weakly interact with its gravity. Realizing that he is now Murph's "ghost", he manipulates the second hand of the wristwatch he gave her, transmitting quantum data via Morse code that TARS collected from inside the event horizon. Cooper and TARS are ejected from the tesseract. Cooper awakes on a space habitat orbiting Saturn. He reunites with his daughter, now

neg: Space colonization moon orbiting close to Saturn, notable for its extremely bright surface and the geyser-like plumes of ice and water vapor that erupt from its southern polar region. If Enceladus has liquid water, it joins Mars and Jupiter's moon Europa as one of the prime places in the Solar System to look for extraterrestrial life and possible future settlements. Other large satellites: Rhea, Iapetus, Dione, Tethys, and Mimas, all have large quantities of volatiles, which can be used to support settlements. The Kuiper belt is estimated to have 70,000 bodies of 100 km or larger. Freeman Dyson has suggested that within

neg: Kruger 60 and then returns to normal over an 8-minute period. On average, the two stars are separated by 9.5 AUs, which is roughly the average distance of Saturn from the Sun. However, their eccentric mutual orbit causes their distance to vary between 5.5 AUs at periastron, to 13.5 at apastron. This system is orbiting through the Milky Way at a distance from the core that varies from 7–9 kpc with an orbital eccentricity of 0.126–0.130. The closest approach to the Sun will occur in about 88,600 years when this system will come within 1.95 parsecs. Considering the orbit of the members