query: who was president when the uss pueblo was captured by north korea

pos: USS Pueblo (AGER-2) USS Pueblo (AGER-2) USS "Pueblo" (AGER-2) is a , attached to Navy intelligence as a spy ship, which was attacked and captured by North Korean forces on 23 January 1968, in what is known today as the "Pueblo" incident" or alternatively, as the "Pueblo" crisis". The seizure of the U.S. Navy ship and her 83 crew members, one of whom was killed in the attack, came less than a week after President Lyndon B. Johnson's State of the Union address to the United States Congress, a week before the start of the Tet Offensive in South Vietnam during the Vietnam

pos: USS Pueblo (AGER-2) USS Pueblo (AGER-2) USS "Pueblo" (AGER-2) is a , attached to Navy intelligence as a spy ship, which was attacked and captured by North Korean forces on 23 January 1968, in what is known today as the "Pueblo" incident" or alternatively, as the "Pueblo" crisis". The seizure of the U.S. Navy ship and her 83 crew members, one of whom was killed in the attack, came less than a week after President Lyndon B. Johnson's State of the Union address to the United States Congress, a week before the start of the Tet Offensive in South Vietnam during the Vietnam

neg: Operation Combat Fox Operation Combat Fox On 23 January 1968 North Korean patrol boats supported by two Mikoyan-Gurevich MiG-21 fighters captured the USS "Pueblo" northeast of the North Korean island of Ung-do. The seizure of the "Pueblo" led to President Lyndon Johnson ordering a show of force with a massive deployment of U.S. air and navy assets to Korea. The airlift and deployment of 200+ aircraft was code named Operation Combat Fox while the deployment of six aircraft carriers plus support vessels was code named "Operation Formation Star". The operations were supported by the partial mobilization of reservists for the first time since

neg: United States Air Force In South Korea warfare between the United States and the People's Republic of China, and the Cold War between the United States and Soviet Union shifted from to Berlin in the early 1960s. On 23 January 1968 the electronic intelligence gathering ship USS Pueblo (AGER-2) was boarded and captured by the North Koreans. The ship and its crew were taken to the port at Wonsan and the crew was taken hostage. North Korea stated that the Pueblo strayed into their territorial waters, but the United States maintains that the vessel was in international waters at the time of the incident. More recently, facts

neg: Blue House raid Cemetery for North Korean and Chinese Soldiers. On January 22, the United Nations Command (UNC) requested that a Military Armistice Commission (MAC) meeting be held to discuss the raid. The UNC requested the meeting for January 23, but the North Koreans asked for a day's delay. On January 23, the USS "Pueblo" (AGER-2), a technical research ship of the United States Navy, was captured by North Korea. Consequently, the MAC meeting held on January 24 had to deal not only with the raid but also with the "Pueblo"s capture. To a considerable extent, the seizure of the "Pueblo" diverted U.S.

neg: Pueblo (film) Pueblo (film) Pueblo is a 1973 American made-for-television war drama film starring Hal Holbrook, Ronny Cox and Andrew Duggan. It originally aired on ABC on March 29, 1973 as part of the network's ABC Theater series. Essentially a videotaped stage production, "Pueblo" was the story of the capture and imprisonment of the crew of USS Pueblo, a US Navy vessel captured while spying off the coast of North Korea, in 1968. The production starred Hal Holbrook as Captain Lloyd Bucher, commanding officer of "Pueblo". The structure of the play consists of Captain Bucher answering questions of two tribunals, with the

neg: USS Pueblo (AGER-2) any indiscretions and continued his Navy career until retirement. In 1970, Bucher published an autobiographical account of the USS "Pueblo" incident entitled "Bucher: My Story". Bucher died in San Diego on 28 January 2004, at the age of 76. James Kell, a former sailor under his command, suggested that the injuries suffered by Bucher during his time in North Korea contributed to his death. USS "Pueblo" is still held by North Korea. In October 1999, she was towed from Wonsan on the east coast, around the Korean Peninsula, to the port of Nampo on the west coast. This required moving

neg: USS Pueblo (AGER-2) those captured in the nation's conflicts. While thousands of American prisoners of war were awarded medals, the crew members of "Pueblo" did not receive them. Instead, they were classified as "detainees". It was not until Congress passed a law overturning this decision that the medals were awarded; the crew finally received the medals at San Diego in May 1990. Other conflicts: General: USS Pueblo (AGER-2) USS "Pueblo" (AGER-2) is a , attached to Navy intelligence as a spy ship, which was attacked and captured by North Korean forces on 23 January 1968, in what is known today as the "Pueblo"

neg: USS Pueblo (AGER-2) encryption devices aboard. Without them, it was difficult for the Soviets to make full use of Walker's information. Documents released from National Archives of Romania suggest it was the Chinese rather than the Soviets who actively encouraged the reopening of hostilities in Korea during 1968, promising North Korea vast material support should hostilities in Korea resume. Together with Blue House Raid, the "Pueblo" incident turned out to be part of an increasing divergence between the Soviet leadership and North Korea. Fostering a resumption of hostilities in Korea, allegedly, was seen in Beijing as a way to mend relations between North

neg: SOSUS Deployable System became operational as part of IUSS in 1996. In 1988, Stephen Joseph Ratkai, a Hungarian-Canadian recruited by Soviet Intelligence, was arrested, charged and convicted in St. John's, Newfoundland for attempting to obtain information on the SOSUS site at Naval Station Argentia. John Anthony Walker, a US Navy Chief Warrant Officer and communications specialist, divulged SOSUS operational information to the Soviet Union during the Cold War which compromised its effectiveness. In 1968, when the USS "Pueblo" was captured by North Korea, it is believed the SOSUS system was compromised and all information obtained was given to the Soviet Union.

neg: LGBT rights in North Korea homosexuality as a characteristic of western (and particularly American) morality. In the short story "Snowstorm in Pyongyang" (평양에서 눈보라, published 2000), captured crewmen of the USS "Pueblo" implore their North Korean captors to allow them to engage in gay sex. In 2014, after the United Nations Human Rights Council published a report on human rights in North Korea advising a referral to the International Criminal Court, the official Korean Central News Agency responded with an article that included homophobic insults against report author Michael Kirby, who is openly gay. The KCNA's article went on to state that gay marriage "can

neg: George E. R. Kinnear II the RA-5, E-2, and A-3. He was serving in the Sea of Japan in 1968 when the North Koreans captured the USS Pueblo and provided contingency operations against North Korea for the National Command Authority. Kinnear was then assigned to the Office of the Chief of Naval Operations as Special Assistant to the Director of Navy Program Planning. In January, 1970, he moved to the Office of Navy Comptroller as Assistant Comptroller for Cost Review and Reporting, and as a Special Assistant to the Assistant Secretary of the Navy for Financial Management. During this same period, he was a member

neg: Edward R. Murphy (naval officer) son. The absence of his family was on Murphy's mind throughout the capture. When the crew finally returned to the U.S. in December 1968, the Navy held a court of inquiry for Murphy and four others. The men were accused of surrendering without a fight and failing to destroy classified material. The case was ultimately dismissed. Edward R. Murphy (naval officer) Edward R. Murphy (born 1937) is a former United States Navy officer, best known as the Executive Officer aboard the USS Pueblo (AGER-2), a spy ship captured by North Korea in 1968. Edward R. Murphy was born in Berkeley,

neg: KW-26 change the cards at least once per day to prevent the cypher pattern from repeating. Early KW-26 units protected the CRITICOMM network, used to protect communications circuits used to coordinate signals intelligence gathering. The initial production order for this application, awarded to Burroughs in 1957, was for 1500 units. Other services demanded KW-26's and some 14000 units were eventually built, beginning in the early 1960s, for the U.S. Navy, Army, Air Force, Defense Communications Agency, State Department and the CIA. It was provided to U.S. allies as well. When the USS Pueblo was captured by North Korea in 1968, KW-26's

neg: USS Pueblo (AGER-2) sailing order: and notes U.S. Navy authorities and the crew of "Pueblo" insist that before the capture, "Pueblo" was miles outside North Korean territorial waters. North Korea says the vessel was well within North Korean territory. The mission statement allowed her to approach within a nautical mile (1,852 m) of that limit. North Korea, however, describes a sea boundary even though international standards were at the time. The North Korean vessels attempted to board "Pueblo", but she was maneuvered to prevent this for over two hours. A submarine chaser then opened fire with a 57 mm cannon, killing one member

neg: USS Mars (AFS-1) 1967 and 1968, and into 1969 continued to play an important role in the fleet operations in the Southeast Asia area. In January 1968, Mars sailed to the waters off North Korea as part of the support fleet when the USS "Pueblo" was seized by North Korea. She underwent extensive overhaul from late August 1971-April 1972 in Richmond, California, receiving naval distillate fuel burning boilers, upgraded electronics, etc. She was then immediately deployed to the South China Sea to support the 7th Fleet and Marine Amphibious forces after the North Vietnamese Easter Offensive. She returned to her homeport of Alameda,

neg: SIGINT Activity Designator through NSA's Special Source Operations, an alliance with trusted telecommunications providers. The declassifed SIGAD for the was USN-855. The USS "Liberty" incident occurred on 8 June 1967, during the Six-Day War, when Israeli Air Force jet fighter aircraft and Israeli Navy motor torpedo boats attacked the USS "Liberty" in international waters. The was a technical research ship, which was boarded and captured by North Korean forces on 23 January 1968, in what is known as the "Pueblo" incident. The declassified SIGAD for the NSA Direct Support Unit (DSU) from the Naval Security Group (NSG) on the USS "Pueblo" patrol involved

neg: USS Pueblo (AGER-2) chaser. Crew members had their hands tied and were blindfolded, beaten, and prodded with bayonets. Once "Pueblo" was in North Korean territorial waters, she was boarded again, this time by high-ranking North Korean officials. The first official confirmation that the ship was in North Korean hands came five days later, 28 January 1968. Two days earlier a flight by a CIA A-12 Oxcart aircraft from the Project Black Shield squadron at Kadena, Okinawa flown by pilot Ronald Layton made three high altitude high speed flights over North Korea. When the aircraft's films were processed in the United States they showed

neg: USS Pueblo (AGER-2) times. However, the United States maintains that the vessel was in international waters at the time of the incident and that any purported evidence supplied by North Korea to support its statements was fabricated. "Pueblo", still held by North Korea today, officially remains a commissioned vessel of the United States Navy. Since early 2013, the ship has been moored along the Potong River in Pyongyang, and used there as a museum ship at the Pyongyang Victorious War Museum. "Pueblo" is the only ship of the U.S. Navy still on the commissioned roster currently being held captive. The ship was launched

neg: 810th Strategic Aerospace Division the spring of 1968, some division aircraft and crews deployed to Okinawa in response to the Pueblo Incident, when the USS "Pueblo", a United States Navy vessel, was seized on the high seas by the armed forces of the People's Republic of Korea (North Korea). In the summer of that year, as SAC reduced its B-52 forces as directed by Secretary of Defense Robert S. McNamara, it inactivated its wings at Glasgow and at Travis Air Force Base, California. SAC decided to preserve the histories of these wings, and did so by moving both to Minot on paper. Travis' 5th

neg: Edward R. Murphy (naval officer) author. He has been married to his wife, Carol, for 50 years. Lieutenant Murphy played a crucial role during the "USS Pueblo" incident, in which a U.S. spy ship and its crew was seized by the North Korean military on January 23, 1968. As second in command on the ship and the officer in charge of navigation, his testimony helped to paint an accurate picture of what actually occurred. Murphy's autobiography, "Second in Command", details his experience aboard the "USS Pueblo" and the challenges he and his crew faced. He describes the tactics of the North Koreans who captured the

neg: North Korea–United States relations rationale was to allow soldiers to easily hide the pass, but the quality was sufficient for it to gain some use as a fraudulent banknote in North Korea. On January 23, 1968, a U.S. spy ship was captured. The incident was known as the "Pueblo" incident. On April 15, 1969, EC-121 was shot down over the Sea of Japan by North Korea; 31 American service men died. On August 18, 1976, Captain Arthur Bonifas and Lieutenant Mark Barrett were killed by the North Korean Army with axes at Panmunjom in the Korean Demilitarized Zone, when the Americans were engaged in

neg: Lloyd M. Bucher submariner not trained in nuclear power, and his career options became limited when the submarine force became increasingly populated by nuclear-powered submarines and nuclear-trained submarine officers effectively hand-picked by Admiral Hyman G. Rickover in the 1960s. As a result, when Bucher screened for command, he was slated for command of an auxiliary surface vessel outfitted for communications and signals intelligence (COMINT/SIGINT) collection, in this case, USS "Pueblo" (AGER-2). While monitoring North Korea, the "Pueblo" came under attack by North Korean naval forces, two Soviet era sub-chasers, four motor torpedo boats and two Mig-21 aircraft. U.S. Naval officials and the crew

neg: USS Pueblo (AGER-2) Il-sung had contradicted the assurances he previously gave Moscow that he would avoid a military escalation in Korea. Previously secret documents suggest the Soviets were surprised by the "Pueblo" incident, first learning of it in the press. The same documents reveal that the North Koreans also kept the Soviets completely in the dark regarding ongoing negotiations with the Americans for the crew's release, which was another bone of contention. The Soviet reluctance at a reopening of hostilities in Korea was partly motivated by the fact that they had a 1961 treaty with North Korea that obliged them to intervene in

neg: Paean The fragment by Limenius has been dated to 128 BC; the one by Athenaios may have been composed in the same year, or ten years earlier. Paean is now usually used to mean an expression of praise or exultation (such as its coining in the redundant expression "paeans of praise"). A song called "Paean" was used in a Chinese propaganda film called "The East Is Red". After being captured by North Korea in 1968, the commander of the USS "Pueblo", Lloyd M. Bucher, used the term "paean" as a code that his confession was forced. Under threat of death, Bucher

neg: USS Pueblo (AGER-2) North Korean ports, air strikes on military targets, and an attack across the Demilitarized Zone separating the two Koreas. Although American officials at the time assumed the seizure of "Pueblo" had been directed by the Soviet Union, it has emerged in recent years that North Korea acted alone and the incident actually harmed North Korea's relations with most of the Eastern Bloc. "Pueblo" was taken into port at Wonsan and the crew was moved twice to prisoner of war (POW) camps. The crew reported upon release that they were starved and regularly tortured while in North Korean custody. This treatment

neg: 779th Expeditionary Airlift Squadron Detachment 1, 779th Troop Carrier Squadron. The squadron was placed on alert shortly after the USS Pueblo was captured by North Korea in January 1968.They were deployed to Tachikawa Air Base, Japan shortly thereafter. After a few days at Tachikawa they deployed to Cam Ranh Bay Air Base, Vietnam where they flew supply and troop transport during the Tet Offensive. While at Cam Ranh, enemy rockets were fired at the base from the overlooking hills striking fuel drums and a fuel bladder but no damage was don to the C-130s parked nearby. In early April 1968 they returned to Pope

neg: USS Henderson (DD-785) waters "Henderson" also served with off the coast of North Korea in support of the captured . "Pueblo" had previously been taken by the North Korean government while steaming in the Sea of Japan. "Henderson" received a regular overhaul alongside later in the year and a dry dock period at San Francisco January through March 1969, where she received new sonar and communications equipment. After completing the overhaul in May, "Henderson" spent the summer and fall conducting refresher training before deploying to the Far East on 18 November. Caught in a storm near Midway Island, the destroyer suffered damage to

neg: Lloyd M. Bucher Lloyd M. Bucher Lloyd Mark "Pete" Bucher (1 September 1927 – 28 January 2004) was an officer in the United States Navy, who is best remembered as the captain of the USS "Pueblo" (AGER-2), which was seized by North Korea on January 23, 1968. Bucher was born in Pocatello, Idaho, where he was given up for adoption by his birth mother, and was orphaned at an early age (his adoptive mother dying of cancer when he was 3). He was raised by his father, grandparents, various other family members, his father again, then drifted through a series of Catholic orphanages

neg: USS Pueblo (AGER-2) ships to have been captured since the wars in Tripoli. Reverse engineering of communications devices on "Pueblo" allowed the North Koreans to share knowledge with the Soviet Union that led to the replication of those communications devices. This allowed the two nations access to the US Navy's communication systems until the late 1980s when the US Navy revised those systems. The seizure of "Pueblo" followed soon after US Navy warrant officer John Anthony Walker introduced himself to Soviet authorities, setting up the Walker spy ring. It has been argued that the seizure of "Pueblo" was executed specifically to capture the

neg: Main Intelligence Directorate (GRU) Intelsat communication satellites traffic. GRU Sixth Directorate officers reportedly visited North Korea following the capture (January 1968) of the USS "Pueblo", inspecting the vessel and receiving some of the captured equipment. Main Intelligence Directorate (GRU) Main Intelligence Directorate (), abbreviated GRU (), was the foreign military intelligence agency of the Soviet Army General Staff of the Soviet Union. The GRU's first predecessor in Russia formed on October 21, 1918 under the sponsorship of Leon Trotsky, then the civilian leader of the Red Army; it was originally known as the Registration Agency ("Registrupravlenie", or RU). Simon Aralov was its first head.

neg: Hellcats of the Navy plus his increasing involvement with television, led to his leaving the big screen forever. The United States Navy provided extensive cooperation by allowing portions of the film to be shot at Naval Base San Diego and aboard an actual U.S. submarine, possibly "USS Besugo". The executive officer of the submarine was Lloyd Bucher, who would go on to command the "USS Pueblo" during its capture by North Korea in 1968. During the film's production, as USS "Besugo" was about to get underway, an argument ensued between the director and one of the unions. Note: it was difficult for a submarine

neg: USS Pueblo (AGER-2) North Korea did not respond to the suit. In December 2008, U.S. District Judge Henry H. Kennedy, Jr., in Washington, D.C., awarded the plaintiffs $65 million in damages, describing their ill treatment by North Korea as "extensive and shocking." The plaintiffs, as of October 2009, were attempting to collect the judgment from North Korean assets frozen by the U.S. government. "Pueblo" has earned the following awards – As for the crew members, they did not receive full recognition for their involvement in the incident until decades later. In 1988, the military announced it would award Prisoner of War medals to

neg: Edward R. Murphy (naval officer) Edward R. Murphy (naval officer) Edward R. Murphy (born 1937) is a former United States Navy officer, best known as the Executive Officer aboard the USS Pueblo (AGER-2), a spy ship captured by North Korea in 1968. Edward R. Murphy was born in Berkeley, California and attended high school in St. Louis, Missouri. He graduated from Principia College in 1960 and joined the U.S. Navy. He resigned in 1969, after nine years of naval service. Following his military service, Murphy owned and operated an RV dealership, worked for an insurance company and as a bus driver, and became a published

neg: USS Pueblo (AGER-2) at a position 39°47'N and 128°28.5'E. In the afternoon of 22 January 1968, the two North Korean fishing trawlers "Rice Paddy 1" and "Rice Paddy 2" passed within of "Pueblo". That day, a North Korean unit made an assassination attempt in the "Blue House" executive mansion against the South Korean President Park Chung-hee, but the crew of "Pueblo" were not informed. According to the American account, the following day, 23 January, "Pueblo" was approached by a submarine chaser and her nationality was challenged; "Pueblo" responded by raising the U.S. flag. The North Korean vessel then ordered "Pueblo" to stand down

neg: USS Pueblo (AGER-2) Korea and China, and pull North Korea back in the Chinese sphere of influence in the context of the Sino-Soviet split. After the (then secret) diplomatic efforts of the Soviets to have the American crew released fell on deaf ears in Pyongyang, Leonid Brezhnev publicly denounced North Korea's actions at the 8th plenary session of the 23rd Congress of the Communist Party of the Soviet Union. In contrast, the Chinese (state controlled) press published declarations supportive of North Korea's actions in the "Pueblo" incident. Furthermore, Soviet archives reveal that the Soviet leadership was particularly displeased that North Korean leader Kim

neg: USS Pueblo (AGER-2) The ship was renovated and made open to tourists with an accompanying video. of the North Korean perspective in late July 2013. To commemorate the anniversary of the Korean War, the ship had a new layer of paint added. Visitors are allowed to board the ship and see its secret code room and crew artifacts. The museum's position is 39°02.26 N 125°44.23 E During an August 2005 diplomatic session in North Korea, former U.S. Ambassador to South Korea Donald Gregg received verbal indications from high-ranking North Korean officials that the state would be willing to repatriate "Pueblo" to United States

neg: USS James E. Kyes (DD-787) and were steaming south for several days ( 20–23 January). When the was captured by North Korean forces on 23 January 1968, "James E. Kyes" was ordered to head to the Sea of Japan to assist other ships of the 7th Fleet with taking back the "Pueblo". At Flank speed "James E. Kyes" headed away from Australia and toward the Sea of Japan. Upon arrival in the Sea of Japan "James E. Kyes" met two aircraft carriers, the USS "Enterprise" and USS "Kearsarge" and each of their escorts of a cruiser and several more destroyers. The "James E. Kyes" was

neg: USS Pueblo (AGER-2) John Victor Smith representing the United States until April 1968, at which point he is replaced by U.S. Army Major General Gilbert H. Woodward. Timeline and quotations are taken from "Matter of Accountability" by Trevor Armbrister. "Pueblo" is a tourist attraction in Pyongyang, North Korea, since being moved to the Taedong River. "Pueblo" used to be anchored at the spot where it is believed the "General Sherman" incident took place in 1866. In late November 2012 "Pueblo" was moved from the Taedong river dock to a casement on the Botong river next to the new Fatherland War of Liberation Museum.

neg: History of North Korea to acknowledge Chinese assistance in either liberation from the Japanese or the war in 1950-53. Tensions between North and South escalated in the late 1960s with a series of low-level armed clashes known as the Korean DMZ Conflict. In 1966, Kim declared "liberation of the south" to be a "national duty". In 1968, North Korean commandos launched the Blue House Raid, an unsuccessful attempt to assassinate the South Korean President Park Chung-hee. Shortly after, the US spy ship Pueblo was captured by the North Korean navy. The crew were held captive throughout the year despite American protests that the vessel

neg: Korean DMZ Conflict killed, one captured (Kim Shin-Jo) and two missing presumed killed (though at least one member of the Unit apparently survived and returned to North Korea) while 26 South Koreans and 4 U.S. Army servicemen were killed. On 23 January 1968 North Korean patrol boats operating under cover of MiG-21 fighters captured the in international waters northeast of Wonsan, killing one crewman. General Bonesteel was unaware of the mission of the "Pueblo" and the 314th Air Division had no suitable aircraft available to give assistance to the "Pueblo". By the time that attack aircraft could be sent to the area, the

neg: USS Pueblo (AGER-2) Japan. She left with specific orders to intercept and conduct surveillance of Soviet Navy activity in the Tsushima Strait and to gather signal and electronic intelligence from North Korea. The declassified SIGAD for the National Security Agency (NSA) Direct Support Unit (DSU) from the Naval Security Group (NSG) on "Pueblo" during the patrol involved in the incident was USN-467Y. AGER (Auxiliary General Environmental Research) denoted a joint Naval and National Security Agency (NSA) program. At 17:30 on 20 January 1968, a North Korean modified SO-1 class Soviet style submarine chaser passed within of "Pueblo", which was about southeast of Mayang-do

neg: Kim Il-sung crew of the spy ship USS "Pueblo" was a part of this campaign. A new constitution was proclaimed in December 1972, which created an executive presidency. Kim gave up the premiership and was elected president. On 14 April 1975, North Korea discontinued most formal use of its traditional units and adopted the metric system. In 1980, he decided that his son Kim Jong-il would succeed him, and increasingly delegated the running of the government to him. The Kim family was supported by the army, due to Kim Il-sung's revolutionary record and the support of the veteran defense minister, O Chin-u.

neg: Prisoner of War Medal that is currently being processed through the Department." Rep. Jim Slattery, who drafted the House version of the 1989 amendment to 10 USC § 1128, explained to the House Committee on Armed Services that the amendment was intended to remedy "a quirk in the law" that required active armed conflict against an enemy state. As a result, detainees of non-enemies such as the crew of the "USS Pueblo" were not eligible for consideration for the award, since "the United States was not in open conflict with North Korea at the time the U.S.S. Pueblo was attacked." According to Sen. Alan

neg: USS Pueblo (AGER-2) pay to restrain Kim Il-sung's bellicosity. Consequently, Kim Il-sung was personally invited to Moscow, but he refused to go in person owing to "increased defense preparations" he had to personally attend to, sending instead his defense minister, Kim Ch'ang-bong, who arrived on 26 February 1968. During a long meeting with Brezhnev, the Soviet leader made it clear that they were not willing to go to war with the United States, but agreed to an increase in subsidies for North Korea, which did happen in subsequent years. With Major General Pak Chung-kuk representing North Korea (DPRK) and U.S. Navy Rear Admiral

neg: USS Inflict (AM-456) February 1966. Arriving Subic Bay on 28 March, she headed for her "Market Time" station on 5 April. There, she patrolled to prevent the infiltration of arms and men from North Vietnam to the south. She left the war zone on 1 November and returned to Long Beach on 13 December. "Inflict" operated on the West Coast through mid-November 1967, when she again sailed for the Far East, with stops in Hawaii, Kwajalein, and Guam, arriving in Subic bay at the beginning of January 1968. She was on her "Market Time" patrol station when the USS Pueblo was captured in

neg: USS Pueblo (AGER-2) he said "We paean the DPRK [North Korea]. We paean their great leader Kim Il Sung". (Bucher pronounced ""paean"" as ""pee on".") Negotiations for the release of the crew took place at Panmunjom. At the same time, U.S. officials were concerned with conciliating the South Koreans, who expressed discontent about being left out of the negotiations. Richard A. Ericson, a political counselor for the American embassy in Seoul and operating officer for the "Pueblo" negotiations, notes in his oral history: The South Koreans were absolutely furious and suspicious of what we might do. They anticipated that the North Koreans would

neg: Duress code USS "Pueblo" was attacked and captured by North Korean forces, and the crew was abused and tortured during the subsequent 11 months. During that period, the North Koreans used the US crew for propaganda purposes, but the crew signaled their duress situation by secretly giving them "the finger" in staged photos. Duress code A duress code is a covert distress signal used by an individual who is being coerced by one or more hostile persons. It is used to warn others that they are being forced to do something against their will. Typically, the warning is given via some innocuous

neg: History of North Korea the USS "Pueblo" crisis is less clear. After Khrushchev was replaced by Leonid Brezhnev as Soviet Leader in 1964, and with the incentive of Soviet aid, North Korea strengthened its ties with the USSR. Kim condemned China's Cultural Revolution as "unbelievable idiocy". In turn, China's Red Guards labelled him a "fat revisionist". In 1972, the first formal summit meeting between Pyongyang and Seoul was held, but the cautious talks did not lead to a lasting change in the relationship. With the fall of South Vietnam to the North Vietnamese on April 30, 1975, Kim Il-sung felt that the US had

neg: Prisoner of War Medal armed forces during periods of armed conflict." This amendment was the result of congressional recognition of multiple groups of individuals who were not originally authorized to receive the medal after Department of Defense review, such as the " USS Pueblo " crew detained in North Korea in 1968, the US Navy and US Army Air Force crews interned in the neutral USSR during World War II, the US Army Air Force crews interned in neutral Switzerland during World War II, US Marine Corps Col. William R. Higgins who was kidnapped in 1988 and executed by Hezbollah-affiliated terrorists, and the U.S.

neg: USS Pueblo (AGER-2) "Pueblo" to be in the Wonsan harbor area surrounded by two North Korean vessels. There was dissent among government officials in the United States, regarding how to handle the situation. Congressman Mendel Rivers suggested that President Johnson issue an ultimatum for the return of "Pueblo" on penalty of nuclear attack, while Senator Gale McGee said the United States should wait for more information and not make "spasmodic response[s] to aggravating incidents". According to Horace Busby, Special Assistant to President Johnson, the president's "reaction to the hostage taking was to work very hard here to keep down any demands for retaliation

neg: Uljin–Samcheok Landings crew members aboard the USS "Pueblo" (January 23) by disguised North Korean patrol boats. Bonesteel was compelled to worry about the crew, although he had previously warned them to be careful of escalations by the DPRK. Moreover, these two attacks occurred in tandem with the Tet Offensive in Vietnam (January 30, 1968) which further burdened the US military effort. Pyongyang welcomed the timing of the Tet Offensive and the sudden seizure of the "Pueblo" as chances to further dissuade the US from maintaining its presence in South Korea. Meanwhile, the Blue House Raid vastly elevated the threat of the DPRK

neg: Kunsan Air Base Kunsan until after the Pueblo incident in 1968. At an unknown date in this time frame, the US Army 38th Air Defense Artillery Brigade assigned Battery B, 6th Battalion, 44th Air Defense Artillery Regiment, a HAWK missile unit to the base. The Tactical Operations site was located on a hill just off the coast, but near the base. Its mission was to defend the base from air attack. The HAWK site and all hardware was turned over to the Korean Army sometime in the early 1990s. After the USS "Pueblo" was captured by the North Koreans in January 1968 the

neg: USS Pueblo (AGER-2) War, and three days after 31 men of North Korea's KPA Unit 124 had crossed the Korean Demilitarized Zone (DMZ) and killed 26 South Koreans in an attempt to attack the South Korean Blue House (executive mansion) in the capital Seoul. The taking of "Pueblo" and the abuse and torture of her crew during the subsequent 11-month prisoner drama became a major Cold War incident, raising tensions between the western powers, and the Soviet Union and China. North Korea stated that "Pueblo" deliberately entered their territorial waters away from Ryo Island, and that the logbook shows that they intruded several

neg: 152nd Airlift Wing alert during the 1961 Berlin Crisis and 1962 Cuban Missile Crisis, however it was not activated or deployed overseas. In 1965 the RF-4C Phantom II began to enter active USAF service, and the 192nd received supersonic McDonnell RF-101H Voodoos to replace the subsonic RB-57s. The unit served during the 1968 Pueblo Crisis. On 26 January 1968 the Nevada Air National Guard was called to active duty as part of a national effort to meet the threat posed by North Korean seizure of the U.S. Navy ship the "USS Pueblo." During the next 16 months, Nevada Air Guardsmen served in Korea,

neg: Hamilton Army Airfield personnel had checked in and were ready to move. With the cessation of the crisis, the wing was relieved from active duty on November 28. The 349th was redesignated the 349th Military Airlift Wing on June 1, 1966 when the unit was reallocated to Military Airlift Command. The Wing controlled four (921st, 938th, 939th and 941st) airlift groups. The unit flew the Douglas C-124 Globemaster II. A recall to active duty was again initiated on January 26, 1968, in response to the seizure of the USS Pueblo by North Korea. During the Vietnam War, the wing airlifted many thousands of

neg: John Chafee to make bold decisions and stand by them. Emblematic of this was his decision to elevate Admiral Elmo Zumwalt as Chief of Naval Operations over 33 more senior officers, and his judicious handling of the USS "Pueblo" situation, in which North Korean forces, during the previous Administration, had boarded and captured a Navy intelligence ship. His action as Secretary of the Navy that is most clearly remembered is his disapproval of the recommendation to court martial Commander Lloyd Bucher, the commanding officer of the "Pueblo", once the release of the crew had been secured. Because it was clear that the

neg: 12th Special Operations Squadron 1953 and again, after re-equipping with the North American F-86 Sabre, from 25 February to 27 July 1953. The 12th deployed to Vietnam twice in 1965, first from 1 February to March 1965 and 15 June to 25 August 1965. It supported air defense alert capability in Southeast Asia between 1968 and 1972. The squadron stood alert in South Korea from 23 January to 13 June 1968, after the seizure of the USS "Pueblo" by North Korea. The squadron was unmanned and unequipped from May 1972 until November 1975. It remanned and reequipped with McDonnell F-4 Phantom II aircraft in

neg: VFA-192 Michael J. Estocin Award. In July 1967, VA-192 became the first operational fleet squadron to receive the new A-4F Skyhawk, and in December of that year they again deployed aboard USS "Ticonderoga". In March 1968, VA-192, along with other squadrons in CVW-19, conducted flight operations from USS "Ticonderoga" in the Sea of Japan as part of Operation Formation Star - a continuing show of American forces in the area following the capture of USS Pueblo (AGER-2) by North Korea. In April 1969, the squadron made their last deployment with the A-4F aboard . During this cruise the squadron was recognized

neg: 177th Fighter Wing the National Guard Bureau. The 119th TFS became the group's flying squadron. Other squadrons assigned into the group were the 117th Headquarters, 117th Material Squadron (Maintenance), 177th Combat Support Squadron, and the 177th USAF Dispensary. In January 1968, a new crisis, the seizure of the American ship USS Pueblo by North Korean forces, and the 119th was called to active duty. In May 1968, the 119th TFS was assigned to the 113th Tactical Fighter Wing, District of Columbia Air National Guard and stationed at Myrtle Beach AFB, South Carolina when the active-duty 354th TFW was deployed to South Korea. Group

neg: 315th Air Division its base at Ashiya. In 1962, it established airlift support for the expanding conflict in Southeast Asia. Meantime, the division continued its routine airlift in the Far East, flew humanitarian missions, and participated in training exercises when possible. The crisis prompted by the North Korean seizure of the USS Pueblo in January 1968, found the 315th supporting an emergency airlift to the Republic of Korea. The 315th AD was inactivated in April 1969 due to budget reductions. Its operational units (314th, 374th and 463d TAW) were reassigned. 315th Air Division Table of Distribution 315th Bombardment Wing Wings Groups Squadrons 315th

neg: 121st Fighter Squadron of the American ship USS Pueblo by North Korean forces, and again the 113th was called to active duty. The wing was activated to federal service, and its personnel were assigned to Myrtle Beach AFB, South Carolina as a filler unit while the base's permanent unit, the 354th Tactical Fighter Wing was deployed to Kunsan Air Base, South Korea. At Myrtle Beach AFB, the federalized NJ ANG 119th Tactical Fighter Squadron joined the 121st TFS on active duty. However, not all wing personnel were sent to Myrtle Beach, as personnel were spread throughout the United States, Taiwan, Korea, and South

neg: United States Air Force In South Korea have come to light that indicate that ship was captured by North Korea at the instigation of the Soviet Union, which was seeking a cryptographic machine on board to match with a "key" provided to the Soviets by the spy John Walker. In response to the Pueblo seizure, the USAF deployed three augmented squadrons of the 4th Tactical Fighter Wing in January 1968 through July 1968 and then from the 354th Tactical Fighter Wing, flying the F-100 Super Sabre to Kunsan Air Base in July 1968, as part of the buildup of forces in Korea in the wake of the

neg: Koreans in Germany it as the South's attention shifted to the assassination attempt on Park Chung-hee and the USS "Pueblo" incident, and instead worked quietly to ensure the release of those who had been kidnapped. There has been a movement among South Korean miners in Germany in 2011 to let the South Korean government officially recognize their patriotic effort. There was also a Korean presence in East Germany, though it was much smaller. During the post-Korean War reconstruction period of North Korea from 1953 to 1962, many North Korean students enrolled in universities and colleges in the Soviet bloc, and others came as

neg: 623d Air Control Squadron arrived at the island. The 623rd AC&W deployed to South Korea during January 1968 in support of Operation Combat Fox, the United States response to the USS Pueblo Incident. In 1969, Japan's Prime Minister Eisaku Sato and President Richard Nixon agreed to the reversion of the Ryuku Islands to Japanese control. On 27 March 1971 the 18th Tactical Fighter Wing at Kadena AB assumed responsibility for the air defense of Okinawa preparatory to the inactivation of the 51st Fighter-Interceptor Wing.. When the 51st was inactivated on 31 May 1971 the 623rd AC&WS was reassigned to the 18th Wing. The Okinawa

neg: KG-13 first crypto machines to encrypt data such as facsimile. Crypto technicians received 10 to 12 weeks training on the machine. The KG-13 was composed of a KG-3 transmitter and a KG-12 receiver. A KG-13 unit. One drawer bears the designation KGD-3/TSEC. The total weight is around 250 pounds. The KG-13 was controlled by "key cards". These were IBM-like punch cards that determined the starting point of the KG-13 encryption which was done by "koken stages". The key cards were changed daily at HJ time. When the USS Pueblo, with a KG-13 aboard, was captured by the North Koreans in 1968,

neg: Prisoner of War Medal did not require armed conflict. The " USS Pueblo " crew's detention in North Korea was mentioned explicitly in the conference report for the amendment, clearly indicating that North Korea qualified as a hostile foreign armed force. A conservative interpretation of the hostile force requirement sometimes resulted in denial of the medal for internees of neutral countries and hostages of terrorists, since in both cases ill-treatment during captivity is not necessarily condoned at the level of state policy. For example, Air Force attorneys argued in Board for Correction of Military Records cases that neutrality and hostility were mutually exclusive, despite

neg: North Korean abductions of South Koreans was signed in 1953 are known as postwar abductees. Most of them were captured while fishing near the Korean Demilitarized Zone (DMZ), but some were abducted by North Korean agents in South Korea. North Korea continued to abduct South Koreans into the 2000s, as is shown by the cases of reverend, Kim Dongsik (), who was abducted on January 16, 2000, and Jin Gyeong-suk (), a North Korean defector to South Korea who was abducted on August 8, 2004, when she had returned to the China-North Korea border region using her South Korean passport. During wartime, North Korea kidnapped South

neg: Korean DMZ Conflict Unlike President Johnson, General Bonesteel saw no such connection. He regarded the Blue House Raid as having been planned at the highest levels in North Korea, while the seizure of the "Pueblo" seemed merely opportunistic and the timing of the Tet Offensive as helpful but coincidental. He saw no change to his mission of defending South Korea and preventing an escalation of the existing low-intensity conflict. The South Koreans saw things differently. They regarded the Blue House Raid and the seizure of the "Pueblo" as signs of a North Korean threat that had to be dealt with strongly by both

neg: Banner-class environmental research ship 1954. "FS-344" was transferred to the United States Navy on 12 April 1966, and was renamed "Pueblo" (AKL-44). Initially, she served as a light cargo ship, but shortly after resuming service was converted to an intelligence gathering ship and redesignated AGER-2 on 13 May 1967. On 23 January 1968, "Pueblo" was attacked, boarded, and seized by North Korean forces while in, according to U.S. officials, international waters. As of 2016, "Pueblo" is still held by North Korea as a tourist attraction in Pyongyang, North Korea. She was moored on the Taedong River, near the spot that the General Sherman incident

neg: Military Airlift Command South Korea in response to the seizure of the United States Navy intelligence-gathering ship USS Pueblo (AGER-2) by North Korea in January 1968. Undoubtedly the most important development of MAC during the Vietnam War was the use of the Lockheed C-141 Starlifter as an airborne ambulance evacuating casualties out of South Vietnam to hospitals in Japan, the Philippines and the United States. Generally, patients requiring hospitalization for thirty days or more were moved to offshore hospitals; others were sometimes evacuated to keep an empty-bed reserve of fifty percent in Vietnam. Military Airlift Command transports carried the more serious cases from

neg: Korean DMZ Conflict President Johnson wished to avoid escalating the existing conflict in Korea and instructed General Bonesteel to begin negotiations for the return of the "Pueblo" crew with the North Koreans through the Military Armistice Commission at Panmunjom. Even as the extra forces were deploying to South Korea, the Tet Offensive in South Vietnam began on 30 January 1968. President Johnson regarded the seizure of the "Pueblo" and the timing of the Tet Offensive to have been coordinated to divert U.S. resources away from Vietnam and to force the South Koreans to withdraw their two Divisions and Marine Brigade from South Vietnam.

neg: Tom Clancy's Splinter Cell: Chaos Theory of force backfires when the USS "Clarence E. Walsh" is sunk by a North Korean anti-ship missile on July 4, 2007, bringing North Korea, South Korea, and the United States to the brink of war. Since North Korea claims the missile was launched unintentionally, Fisher is sent to the North Korean missile battery that fired the missile, to determine if North Korea is truly responsible for sinking the USS "Walsh", or if the Masse Kernels are involved. Fisher discovers that the North Koreans were indeed telling the truth, however, North Korea launches a full-scale invasion of South Korea. Fisher heads

neg: 192d Airlift Squadron the Nevada Air National Guard was called to active duty as part of a national effort to meet the threat posed by North Korean seizure of the U.S. Navy ship the "USS Pueblo." During the next 16 months, Nevada Air Guardsmen served in Korea, Japan, Vietnam, Thailand, the Philippines, North Africa and some 18 bases within the United States. During this tour, the 192d Reconnaissance Squadron was awarded the 5th Air Force Outstanding Unit Award, only the second unit selected for this honor. All Nevada Air National Guard units were released from active duty on 9 June 1969. In 1971,

neg: A Living Man Declared Dead and Other Chapters South Korean Choe Jangguen. Choe was an engineer aboard the ship "Tongyeong" in 1977 when captured amidst a conflict with the North Korean armed forces. Choe is one of the 500+ reported South Koreans abducted by North Korea after the Korean war who remain against their consent. In the footnotes of this chapter Simon photographed a VHS tape of "Pulgasari", a film produced by director Shin Sang-ok, later captured by North Korea in order to utilize his film-making talents to improve the film industry in North Korea. The footnotes also include "Megumi", a graphic novel about the abduction of Megumi

neg: 560th Flying Training Squadron conducted tactical operations and training in preparation for global deployment. It deployed to South Korea in response to North Korea's capture of the USS Pueblo in June 1969. After maintaining alert status in Korea and later Japan, the squadron was redeployed to Homestead Air Force Base, Florida where it was inactivated in October 1970. On 1 May 1972, the 560th was reactivated at Randolph Air Force Base, Texas, and took over the mission of training Northrop T-38 Talon instructor pilots for Air Training Command's Undergraduate Pilot Training bases. In October 1993, the 560th took on the mission of Introduction to

neg: Prisoner of War Medal of Public Law 101-189, Secretary of the Navy K. Lawrence Garrett III authorized the POW Medal to the crew of the "USS Pueblo" on December 22, 1989, and the medal was awarded to the crew on May 5, 1990. Later in 1991 Secretary Garrett also awarded the POW Medal to a Naval Aviator, Lt. Robert O. "Bobby" Goodman Jr., who was shot down by Syrian anti-aircraft gunners while conducting an airstrike against Syrian positions in Hammana, east of Beirut, on December 4, 1983. He was captured by Syrian forces and imprisoned until January 5, 1984, when he was released. In

neg: KW-37 due to a power failure, an operator had to set the current hour and minute on dials on the front panel. The KWR-37 would then "fast forward" through its key stream sequence until synchronization was re-established. Large numbers of fleet broadcast key cards had to be produced and distributed to every navy ship and many shore installations on a monthly basis, so many people had access to them. While the key cards were strictly accounted for, they were easy to copy. This proved to be a fatal weakness. KWR-37s fell into North Korean hands when the USS Pueblo was captured

neg: 318th Fighter-Interceptor Squadron personnel was established to maintain the planes in Alaska. The unit got relief from this commitment while it was upgrading its F-106s from the 1st Fighter-Interceptor Wing, which relieved it from March to June 1964. Operation White Shoes terminated in 1965 and the unit's planes returned home. On 22 March 1968, the 318th FIS deployed to Osan AB, Republic of Korea from McChord AFB, WA to provide air defense following the 26 January 1968 North Korea seizure of the USS Pueblo. This marked the first time in history that Aerospace Defense Command F-106 fighter interceptors had flown to a critical

neg: HMS Daring (D05) via Gan. After Christmas in Singapore, she arrived at Hong Kong on 31 December 1967. During her time in Hong Kong the seizure of the USS "Pueblo" by North Korea raised tensions. She visited Australia, including Darwin, Sydney, where she was inspected by the captain of the 2nd Destroyer Squadron, and Melbourne. In company with and she made the 3,000 mile journey to Mauritius, ebcountering swells. Another 5 weeks were spent on the Beira Patrol before returning to the UK via Simonstown and Gibraltar. In August 1968 she was stationed at Gibraltar for guardship duties, which included a visit by

neg: USS Pueblo (AGER-2) the North Korean government decided to release the 82 remaining crew members, although the written apology was preceded by an oral statement that it was done only to secure the release. On 23 December 1968, the crew was taken by buses to the Korean Demilitarized Zone (DMZ) border with South Korea and ordered to walk south one by one across the "Bridge of No Return". Exactly eleven months after being taken prisoner, the Captain led the long line of crewmen, followed at the end by the Executive Officer, Lieutenant Ed Murphy, the last man across the bridge. The U.S. then

neg: Foreign policy of the Donald Trump administration a "wise politician" and a "far-sighted presidential candidate" who could be good for North Korea. Trump advocated placing greater pressure on China to rein in its ally North Korea in the wake of the January 2016 North Korean nuclear test. Tension between the two countries increased in April 2017. Speaking in advance of a visit from Chinese leader Xi Jinping, President Trump told the "Financial Times", "If China is not going to solve North Korea, we will. That is all I am telling you." On April 8, 2017, the US Navy said the USS "Carl Vinson" strike group was sailing

neg: USS Mataco (AT-86) Yokosuka she participated in the rescue of the and . She was also on standby to act as the rescue tug for the captured USS "Pueblo", had the decision been made to recapture the spy ship. When the stand-by duty was competed, trailing two tows she sailed back to Da Nang and Nhà Bè. After delivering them she headed for Sattahip Thailand. She provided for launch and retrieve and savage services for the Royal Thai Navy. The crew offered up the new designation: CV-AFT-86. In 1967 and 1968, the Mataco earned the Commander's Service Force, U.S. Pacific Fleet Battle Efficiency

neg: 113th Wing gave the wing a major increase in capability as well as it entering the supersonic age. In January 1968, a new crisis, the seizure of the American ship USS Pueblo by North Korean forces, and again the 113th was called to active duty. The wing was activated to federal service, and its personnel were assigned to Myrtle Beach AFB, South Carolina as a filler unit while the base's permanent unit, the 354th Tactical Fighter Wing was deployed to Kunsan Air Base, South Korea. At Myrtle Beach AFB, the federalized NJ ANG 119th Tactical Fighter Squadron joined the 121st TFS on

neg: USS New Jersey (BB-62) assigned to the New York Group, Atlantic Reserve Fleet. In 1950 North Korea invaded South Korea, prompting the United States to intervene in the name of the United Nations. President Harry S. Truman was caught off guard when the invasion struck, but quickly ordered U.S. Forces stationed in Japan into South Korea. Truman also sent U.S. based troops, tanks, fighter and bomber aircraft, and a strong naval force to Korea to support the Republic of Korea. As part of the naval mobilization "New Jersey" was recalled from the mothball fleet to provide seaborne artillery support for U.N. and South Korean

neg: Helicopter Combat Support Squadron Seven 110 – HH-3A SeaKing – “Big Mothers” – Combat Search and Rescue (CSAR), approximately 35-55 SeaDevils, and 5 helos, (3 CSAR and 2 Logistic) From 18-Feb-1968 to 25-Sept-1973. Detachment 111 – SH-3A SeaKing – “Protector” – logistics flights aboard host carriers (with Big Mothers), also deployed (23-Jan-1968 to 4-MAR-1968) as a separate crew in response to the 23-Jan-1968 capture of USS Pueblo (AGER-2) by North Korea. Helos were tropical equipped, crews had to improvise for the winter conditions. Detachment 112 – H-46 -SeaKnight– Vertical Replenishment – aboard USS NIAGARA FALLS (AFS-3) two H-46s, 22-24 SeaDevils, rotation of 40-60 days. Commenced

neg: 119th Fighter Squadron 177th Material Squadron (Maintenance), 177th Combat Support Squadron, and the 177th USAF Dispensary. The 119th transitioned into F-86H aircraft. Two years later, the unit transitioned into F-100 "Super Sabres". In January 1968, a new crisis, the seizure of the American ship USS Pueblo by North Korean forces, and again the 119th was called to active duty. In May 1968, the squadron was activated to federal service, and its personnel were assigned to the 113th Tactical Fighter Wing, Myrtle Beach AFB, South Carolina. Personnel were spread throughout the United States, Taiwan, Korea, and Vietnam with the main unit stationed at the

neg: Edward R. Murphy (naval officer) ship and the experience of being held hostage for eleven months as a prisoner of war. Murphy and his crewmen were repeatedly tortured for information during their internment. As Murphy was held in Pyongyang, he provided a rare and valuable perspective of North Korea during the late 1960s, as one of the few Americans to have been inside the country and to have observed military operations. His appointment to the "USS Pueblo" was the first time Murphy served as executive officer. As a result of this fact, he adopted a "by-the-book" attitude that clashed with the mentality of the rest

neg: 8th Special Operations Squadron Group was flown by the 8th that day against the rail yards at Munsan, South Korea. which had been captured by North Korean forces. Their first attack against North Korea was on 29 June when they bombed the main airfield in Pyongyang, making it the first United Nations strike at the Communist forces above the 38th parallel. On 30 June, President Harry S. Truman ordered ground troops into action at Osan. As the first American soldiers of Task Force Smith encountered the enemy, overhead were the 8th Bombardment Squadron's B-26 attack bombers. From Yokota Air Base, Japan they hit the

neg: Soviet submarine K-129 (1960) coast after the Pueblo incident. "K-129"s mission was in support of North Korea, which was an ally of the Soviet Union, and directed against U.S. naval operations, Pacific bases and U.S. maritime support lines to South-east Asia. Russian President Boris Yeltsin posthumously awarded the Order of Valor to 98 sailors who died aboard "K-129". Some have pointed to this level of manning as anomalous, because the normal complement of a diesel-electric Golf-class Russian submarine was about 83. Boosting total submarine complement by almost 20% might tax the logistical capabilities of the submarine (reducing patrol duration), and could potentially hamper the

neg: Blue House raid a certain insight into Vietnamese Communist military operations, and wanted to take advantage of the Vietnam War. President Johnson regarded the seizure of the "Pueblo" and the timing of the Tet Offensive to have been coordinated to divert U.S. resources away from Vietnam and to force the South Koreans to withdraw their two Divisions and Marine Brigade from South Vietnam. Unlike President Johnson, General Bonesteel saw no such connection. He regarded the Blue House Raid as having been planned at the highest levels in North Korea, while the seizure of the "Pueblo" seemed merely opportunistic and the timing of the

neg: Pyongyang: A Journey in North Korea Food Programme and businessmen, such as French engineers installing an HDTV transmitter. During his two-month visit, he stays at the Yanggakdo International Hotel, and visits other foreigners in the Koryo Hotel. Accompanied by his guide, he visits the massive statue of Kim Il-sung, the Pyongyang Metro, the legation quarter, the Diplomatic Club (former Romanian embassy), the Arch of Triumph, the "Juche" Tower, the International Friendship Exhibition, the USS "Pueblo", the enormous Ryugyong Hotel, the Taekwondo Hall, the Children's Palace and the Museum of Imperialist Occupation. Delisle notes things such as tightrope walking, the absence of disabled and elderly people, North

neg: Tom Clancy's Splinter Cell: Chaos Theory NSA's Third Echelon, the U.S. Navy dispatches a highly advanced warship, the USS "Clarence E. Walsh" (CG-80), to the Yellow Sea with the hopes that China and North Korea will back down at its presence. Meanwhile, Sam Fisher is dispatched to a lighthouse on the Talara, Peru coastline, to locate Bruce Morgenholt, an American computer programmer who has been captured by a Peruvian separatist group called "The People's Voice", led by El Salvadorian revolutionary, Hugo Lacerda. Morgenholt was working on deciphering Phillip Masse's weaponized algorithms, who had been assassinated by Fisher (in "Splinter Cell"). The resulting Masse Kernels are being

neg: 166th Air Refueling Squadron the USS Pueblo incident, President Johnson mobilized a major portion of the Selected Reserve Force, which included the 166th TFS. Along with the Kansas ANG F-100C 127th Tactical Fighter Squadron, the 166th was federalized and deployed to Kunsan Air Base, South Korea. The federalized ANG squadrons were assigned as part of the 354th Tactical Fighter Wing. The squadrons flew deterrent air defense missions over South Korean airspace during the next year. During the deployment some pilots flew combat missions in South Vietnam while performing temporary assignments with other units. The performance of the ANG units at Kusan in 1968–69 suggested

neg: USS Pueblo (PF-13) the ship was again renamed "Gregorio Luperón", before being scrapped in 1982. USS Pueblo (PF-13) USS "Pueblo" (PF-13), a , was the second ship of the United States Navy to be named for Pueblo, Colorado. The second "Pueblo" (PF-13) was laid down under Maritime Commission contract (MC hull 1431) at the Kaiser Cargo, Inc., Yard #4, in Richmond, California, on 14 November 1943; launched on 20 January 1944, sponsored by Seaman Carol Barnhart, USN (W); and commissioned on 27 May 1944, with Commander Donald T. Adams, USCG, in command. Following shakedown off the southern California coast, "Pueblo" fitted out with

neg: USS Malvern (1860) blockade running steamers "Stag" and "Charlotte" 19 January off New Inlet, North Carolina, and participated in the attack 18 February on Fort Anderson, Cape Fear River. "Malvern" was frequently utilized for conferences between Lieutenant General Ulysses S. Grant, Rear Admiral Porter, and U.S. President Abraham Lincoln. Her last notable service for the Navy was to convey the President up the James River to Richmond, Virginia, when that city was evacuated by the Confederates on 2 April. A contingent of armed guards from the "Malvern" protected the President during his visit to the captured Confederate capital city, now under U.S. control,

neg: USS Pueblo (PF-13) USS Pueblo (PF-13) USS "Pueblo" (PF-13), a , was the second ship of the United States Navy to be named for Pueblo, Colorado. The second "Pueblo" (PF-13) was laid down under Maritime Commission contract (MC hull 1431) at the Kaiser Cargo, Inc., Yard #4, in Richmond, California, on 14 November 1943; launched on 20 January 1944, sponsored by Seaman Carol Barnhart, USN (W); and commissioned on 27 May 1944, with Commander Donald T. Adams, USCG, in command. Following shakedown off the southern California coast, "Pueblo" fitted out with highly sensitive meteorological instruments, reported for duty as a weather tracking ship

neg: USS Pueblo (AGER-2) aircraft on strip alert, and estimated a two to three-hour delay in launching aircraft. was located south of "Pueblo", yet her four F-4B aircraft on alert were not equipped for an air-to-surface engagement. "Enterprise"s captain estimated that 1.5 hours (90 minutes) were required to get the converted aircraft into the air. "Pueblo" followed the North Korean vessels as ordered, but then stopped immediately outside North Korean waters. She was again fired upon, and a sailor, fireman Duane Hodges, was killed. The ship was finally boarded at 05:55 UTC (2:55 pm local) by men from a torpedo boat and a submarine

neg: John Anthony Walker Navy during the Reagan administration, stated in an interview that Walker's activities enabled the Soviets to know where U.S. submarines were at all times. Lehman said the Walker espionage would have resulted in huge loss of American lives in the event of war. In the June 2010 issue of "Naval History Magazine", John Prados, a senior fellow with the National Security Archive in Washington, D.C., pointed out that after Walker introduced himself to Soviet officials, North Korean forces seized USS "Pueblo" in order to make better use of Walker's spying. Prados added that North Korea subsequently shared information gleaned from

neg: 1950 in South Korea 25 June 1950 in the whole of Korea. The Korean War happened because the North Korean forces surprised the South Korean army and the small U.S. force stationed in the country, and quickly headed toward the capital of South Korea. The trigger for the war was when, in 1950, Syngman Rhee, who was the South Korean president those days, boasted that he was going to attack North Korea. It was a good enough excuse, so the North Koreans invaded South Korea. This started the actual fighting. On 26 June 1950, U.S. President Harry S. Truman directs General Douglas MacArthur to

neg: France–North Korea relations means, "de jure", that France considers the Republic of Korea to have sole sovereignty over Korea. France's official position is that it will consider establishing diplomatic relations with the DPRK if and when the latter abandons its nuclear weapons programme and improves its human rights record. President François Mitterrand who toured North Korea in 1981 promised recognition to North Korea before he was elected. In late 2009, French president Nicolas Sarkozy appointed Socialist politician Jack Lang his special envoy to North Korea, following a similar assignment earlier in the year to Cuba. Lang traveled to Pyongyang on November 9 for