query: what was the first police department created in the united states

pos: Police dark blue and red, while the uniform color is "Khaki". In British North America, policing was initially provided by local elected officials. For instance, the New York Sheriff's Office was founded in 1626, and the Albany County Sheriff's Department in the 1660s. In the colonial period, policing was provided by elected sheriffs and local militias. In 1789 the U.S. Marshals Service was established, followed by other federal services such as the U.S. Parks Police (1791) and U.S. Mint Police (1792). The first city police services were established in Philadelphia in 1751, Richmond, Virginia in 1807, Boston in 1838, and New

neg: Indianapolis Metropolitan Police Department the line of duty since the department was created in 2007. Indianapolis Metropolitan Police Department The Indianapolis Metropolitan Police Department (IMPD) is the law enforcement agency for the city of Indianapolis, Indiana, in the United States. Its operational jurisdiction covers all of the consolidated city of Indianapolis and Marion County except for the Airport Authority and the four excluded cities of Beech Grove, Lawrence, Southport and Speedway (see Unigov). The department was created on January 1, 2007, by consolidating the Indianapolis Police Department and the law enforcement division of the Marion County Sheriff's Office. At the time of its formation,

neg: Salt Lake City Police Department Salt Lake City Police Department The Salt Lake City Police Department (SLCPD) is headquartered in downtown Salt Lake City, Utah, United States at 475 South and 300 East, one block east of the Salt Lake City Public Library. This headquarters is called the Salt Lake City Public Safety Building and is shared with the Salt Lake City Fire Department. The department was founded in 1851, under the newly created City Charter, when the Mayor authorized a police department to be created and forty men were appointed, earning 25 cents-an-hour. The SLCPD is a member city of the Major Cities Chiefs

neg: Guam Police Department Guam Police Department The Guam Police Department () is the law enforcement agency in the United States territory of Guam. The department has jurisdiction across the entire territory, except for areas covered by the port, airport and military bases; the Guam Police Department has authority over military dependents on base, as civilians cannot be charged under the Uniform Code of Military Justice. The police department is headquartered in the Guam Police Department Building in the Tiyan area of Barrigada, and operates four precincts. The Guam Police Department was created in 1949. Prior to this, law enforcement on Guam was handled

neg: Police training officer Police training officer The Police Training Officer program (PTO) is a post-academy training program created from the educational approach known as problem-based learning. Program development was funded by the United States Department of Justice Office of Community Oriented Policing Services to train police recruits once they graduate from the police academy. It was initially developed to replace the 30-year-old Field Training Officer (FTO) program, which research surveys indicated had become incompatible with community based policing and problem solving. The PTO Program was created by a team of police experts from the United States and Canada. The team was led by

neg: St. Petersburg Police Department St. Petersburg Police Department The St Petersburg Police Department (SPPD) provides crime prevention and public safety services for the city of St Petersburg, Florida. The department was created in 1903. The St. Petersburg Police Department has an authorized strength of 550 sworn officers and 212 civilian support staff. The department serves the fifth largest city in the state of Florida, with a population of 250,000. The St. Petersburg Police Department is one of over 1,000 law enforcement agencies in the United States accredited by the Commission on Accreditation of Law Enforcement Agencies (CALEA). Anthony Holloway is the chief of police.

neg: Afghan Threat Finance Cell Cell was awarded the Department of Defense's Joint Meritorious Unit Award. Afghan Threat Finance Cell The Afghan Threat Finance Cell is a multi-agency intelligence organization, in Afghanistan. The organization was created in 2008. The United States' Drug Enforcement Administration is the lead agency in the organization. The co-deputy agencies are the United States Treasury and the United States Department of Defense. Other participating agencies include the Royal Canadian Mounted Police, the United States Federal Bureau of Investigation, the United States Department of Homeland Security, and the United States Internal Revenue Service. The Afghan Threat Finance Cell was set up at

neg: General Land Office General Land Office The General Land Office (GLO) was an independent agency of the United States government responsible for public domain lands in the United States. It was created in 1812 to take over functions previously conducted by the United States Department of the Treasury. Starting with the passage of the Land Ordinance of 1785, which created the Public Land Survey System, the Treasury Department had already overseen the survey of the "Northwest Territory", including what is now the state of Ohio. Placed under the Department of the Interior when that department was formed in 1849, it was merged with

neg: General Land Office General Land Office The General Land Office (GLO) was an independent agency of the United States government responsible for public domain lands in the United States. It was created in 1812 to take over functions previously conducted by the United States Department of the Treasury. Starting with the passage of the Land Ordinance of 1785, which created the Public Land Survey System, the Treasury Department had already overseen the survey of the "Northwest Territory", including what is now the state of Ohio. Placed under the Department of the Interior when that department was formed in 1849, it was merged with

neg: Evansville Police Department (Indiana) Evansville Police Department (Indiana) The Evansville Police Department (EPD) is the law enforcement agency for the city of Evansville, Indiana, United States. Its operational jurisdiction covers all areas within the city limits of Evansville, though its police officers have legal jurisdiction throughout the State of Indiana. The department currently has 286 sworn police officers and serves a population of approximately 120,000. The Evansville Police Department was created in 1863 as a night watch to supplement the Evansville City Marshal's staff. The marshal's staff, which consisted of the elected marshal, a deputy marshal, and constables, still had primary law enforcement responsibility

neg: New York City Transit Police The following year it was also accredited by the State of New York, and by 1994, there were almost 4,500 uniformed and civilian members of the department, making it the sixth-largest police force in the United States. Bratton was also responsible for upgrading the antiquated radio system, changing the service weapon to a 9mm Glock, and greatly improving the morale of the department. Over time, however, the separation between the NYPD and the NYC Transit Police Department created more and more problems. Redundancy of units, difficulty in communications and differences in procedures all created frustration and inefficiency. As part of

neg: Prince George's County Police Department Prince George's County Police Department The Prince George's County Police Department (PGPD) is the primary law enforcement agency in Prince George's County, Maryland in the United States, servicing a population of over 900,000 residents and visitors within 498 square miles (1,290 km²) of jurisdiction. The department headquarters is in the Palmer Park area of the Landover census-designated place. The Prince George's County Police Department was created on June 1, 1931, in response to the increasing population and crime the county was experiencing. Prior to 1931, the county was primarily policed by the Prince George's County Sheriff's Office (PGSO). When serious

neg: St. Louis County Police Department Police Department was established in 1955. The department was created with 95 officers and 18 civilian employees. The department is divided into four divisions: Patrol, Operational Support, Special Operations, and Criminal Investigation. It is the third largest local police agency in the state, the only county police department in Missouri and one of only a few in the United States. The SLCPD is accredited by the Commission on Accreditation for Law Enforcement Agencies. CALEA is the only international body that accredits law enforcement agencies. Only seven percent of all U.S. law enforcement agencies are accredited. In 2010, CALEA recognized the

neg: Afghan Threat Finance Cell Afghan Threat Finance Cell The Afghan Threat Finance Cell is a multi-agency intelligence organization, in Afghanistan. The organization was created in 2008. The United States' Drug Enforcement Administration is the lead agency in the organization. The co-deputy agencies are the United States Treasury and the United States Department of Defense. Other participating agencies include the Royal Canadian Mounted Police, the United States Federal Bureau of Investigation, the United States Department of Homeland Security, and the United States Internal Revenue Service. The Afghan Threat Finance Cell was set up at the initiative of General David Petraeus, when he was promoted to

neg: Indianapolis Metropolitan Police Department Indianapolis Metropolitan Police Department The Indianapolis Metropolitan Police Department (IMPD) is the law enforcement agency for the city of Indianapolis, Indiana, in the United States. Its operational jurisdiction covers all of the consolidated city of Indianapolis and Marion County except for the Airport Authority and the four excluded cities of Beech Grove, Lawrence, Southport and Speedway (see Unigov). The department was created on January 1, 2007, by consolidating the Indianapolis Police Department and the law enforcement division of the Marion County Sheriff's Office. At the time of its formation, the IMPD was headed by the elected sheriff of Marion County,

neg: Law enforcement in the United States Police agencies, such as the Parkchester Department of Public Safety and Co-op City Department of Public Safety The Puerto Rico Police traces back to 1837, when Spanish governor Francisco Javier de Moreda y Prieto created La Guardia Civil de Puerto Rico (Puerto Rico Civil Guard) to protect the lives and property of Puerto Ricans who at the time were Spanish subjects, and provide police services to the entire island, even though many municipalities maintain their own police force. The United States invaded and took possession of Puerto Rico in July 1898 as a result of the Spanish–American War and has

neg: Anne Arundel County Police Department Anne Arundel County Police Department The Anne Arundel County Police Department is the primary law enforcement agency of Anne Arundel County, Maryland, United States, serving a population of more than 564,195 per 2015 census estimates across of jurisdiction. The Department was created by an Act of the Maryland General Assembly in 1937, and originally consisted of a Chief of Police, three sergeants, and seventeen patrolmen. , the department is staffed by approximately 700 sworn officers and more than 200 civilian members, including chaplains, crime scene technicians, animal control officers, communications call-takers and dispatchers, and volunteer "reserve officers" under the leadership

neg: Anne Arundel County Police Department and X26p Tasers are issued to all officers. "Less lethal" beanbag shotguns are issued on a limited basis. Anne Arundel County Police Department The Anne Arundel County Police Department is the primary law enforcement agency of Anne Arundel County, Maryland, United States, serving a population of more than 564,195 per 2015 census estimates across of jurisdiction. The Department was created by an Act of the Maryland General Assembly in 1937, and originally consisted of a Chief of Police, three sergeants, and seventeen patrolmen. , the department is staffed by approximately 700 sworn officers and more than 200 civilian members, including

neg: New Jersey Transit Police Department police services to the numerous bus depots, rail and light rail stations throughout New Jersey. The New Jersey Transit Police Department is the only transit police agency in the United States with statewide authority and jurisdiction. The NJ Transit Police Department was created on January 1, 1983, and it evolved as a result of the passage of the Public Transportation Act of 1979 and subsequent legislation on the state and federal levels. At that time, the original complement included thirty-nine Commissioned Rail Police Officers. On January 12, 1990, NJS 27:25-15.1 was enacted into law, and it established the New Jersey

neg: Patterson Heights, Pennsylvania 4, 1903, making it Beaver County's first incorporated fire department. Patterson Heights does not have a police department. Until 2009 police protection was contracted to the Patterson Township Police Department. Police protection is now contracted to the Beaver Falls Police Department. Patterson Heights, Pennsylvania Patterson Heights is a borough in Beaver County, Pennsylvania, United States. The population was 636 at the 2010 census. Patterson Heights is located in north-central Beaver County at (40.739029, -80.328050). According to the United States Census Bureau, Patterson Heights has a total area of , of which , or 2.46%, is water. Patterson Heights has two

neg: Ashland, Kentucky Eastern District of Kentucky maintains courtroom and office facilities in the Carl D. Perking United States Courthouse & Federal Building in downtown Ashland. In the late 19th century, what is now the Ashland Police Department was organized when the town was still known as Poage's Landing. The first executive officer was a town marshal, who was soon replaced by a professional police department. The city of Ashland currently has 49 sworn officers, three civilian employees who function as administrative support and six parapolice who handle tasks that do not require the services of a sworn officer. A major steel producer

neg: Murrieta, California County. The Murrieta Fire Department also has been the primary paramedic service provider for the city since 2000. The Murrieta Police Department was created in 1992, with the encouragement of Riverside County Sheriff Cois Byrd; it is the only municipal police department in Southwest Riverside County. , the department had about 100 officers, headed by Chief of Police Sean Hadden. Murrieta is the safest city in Riverside County, and in 2009 Murrieta was listed as the second-safest city (over 100,000 in population) in the United States, behind Irvine, California. Murrieta is served by two hospitals: Loma Linda Medical Center and

neg: North Lynbrook, New York North Lynbrook, New York North Lynbrook is a hamlet and census-designated place (CDP) in Nassau County, New York, United States. The population of the CDP, which was first created for the 2000 census, was 793 at the 2010 census. The hamlet is located between the Villages of Lynbrook and Malverne. The ZIP code is Lynbrook's 11563. Fire protection is provided by the Malverne Volunteer Fire Department. Police protecting falls under the jurisdiction of the Nassau County Police Department, 5th Precinct. And the community falls within the Malverne Union Free School District #12. It was the home to New York Lieutenant

neg: Navajo Nation Police Treaty of 1868, which released Navajos from captivity at Fort Sumner, established law enforcement as the responsibility of the federal government. The first Navajo police force was created in 1872 and dissolved three years later. Although there were police on the reservation, they were funded and supported by the United States government. The Navajo Nation Police Department was not re-established until 1959 at the request of the Navajo Tribal Council. The Navajo Nation police is responsible for law enforcement and for the care and custody of prisoners. All officers are issued a service Glock 22 40 caliber sidearm, expandable baton,

neg: North Lynbrook, New York 18 and none of those age 65 or over. North Lynbrook, New York North Lynbrook is a hamlet and census-designated place (CDP) in Nassau County, New York, United States. The population of the CDP, which was first created for the 2000 census, was 793 at the 2010 census. The hamlet is located between the Villages of Lynbrook and Malverne. The ZIP code is Lynbrook's 11563. Fire protection is provided by the Malverne Volunteer Fire Department. Police protecting falls under the jurisdiction of the Nassau County Police Department, 5th Precinct. And the community falls within the Malverne Union Free School District

neg: Blue Bloods (season 1) Blue Bloods (season 1) The first season of "Blue Bloods", an American police procedural–family drama television series, aired in the United States on CBS between September 24, 2010 to May 13, 2011. The series was created and, along with Leonard Goldberg and Michael Cuesta, executively produced by Robin Green and Mitchell Burgess. The show revolves around the Reagan family, consisting of the retired police commissioner, current police commissioner, police officers, and an assistant district attorney, all working with the New York City Police Department (NYPD). Actors Donnie Wahlberg, Bridget Moynahan, Will Estes, Len Cariou and Tom Selleck make up the

neg: Gwendolyn J. Elliott for a job with the United States Postal Service. While at the post office to apply for a job, someone there remarked that she had good qualifications to apply for a job with the police department. In 1975 a federal judge issued an order that created minimum quotas for white women, black women, and black men hired by the Pittsburgh Bureau of Police. In 1976 Gwen began her career with the Pittsburgh police along with 11 other women, the department's first female officers. In 1986 she became the department's first black female commander. Gwen was a determined and goal-oriented officer.

neg: Los Angeles Police Department previous mainstay. Under Parker, LAPD created the first SWAT (Special Weapons and Tactics) team in United States law enforcement. Officer John Nelson and then-Inspector Daryl Gates created the program in 1965 to deal with threats from radical organizations such as the Black Panther Party operating during the Vietnam War era. The old headquarters for the LAPD was Parker Center, named after former chief William H. Parker, which still stands at 150 N. Los Angeles St. The new headquarters is west in the purpose built Police Administration Building located at 100 W. 1st St., immediately south of Los Angeles City Hall,

neg: Irvine Police Department Irvine Police Department The Irvine Police Department is the local law enforcement agency of the city of Irvine, California, United States. The department's jurisdiction includes the entire city of Irvine, which covers nearly and a population of over 200,000, as well as the Orange County Great Park. It also supplements the jurisdiction of the University of California, Irvine, Police Department, whose jurisdiction includes the University of California, Irvine campus and surrounding areas of the city. The earliest organized law enforcement in what is today the city of Irvine, would have dated back to California's entry as a US state in

neg: John Frederick Parker John Frederick Parker John Frederick Parker (May 19, 1830 – June 28, 1890) was an American police officer for the Metropolitan Police Department of the District of Columbia. Parker was one of four men detailed to act as United States President Abraham Lincoln's bodyguard on April 14, 1865, the night Lincoln was assassinated at Ford's Theatre. Parker was born May 19, 1830, in Winchester, Virginia. He moved to Washington, D.C. where he worked as a carpenter. He became one of Washington's original police officers when the Metropolitan Police Department of the District of Columbia was created in 1861. During his

neg: Department of Defense police Police) Department of Defense police United States Department of Defense Police are the uniformed civilian police officers of the United States Department of Defense, various branches of the United States Armed Forces (such as the Department of the Navy), or specific DoD activities (Defense Logistics Agency Police). They are also referred to as DoD Police. The DoD Police are responsible for law enforcement and security services on DoD owned and leased buildings, facilities, properties and other DoD assets. It is important to note that "Department of Defense Police" is a catch-all phrase that refers to any civilian engaged in police

neg: Department of Defense police Department of Defense police United States Department of Defense Police are the uniformed civilian police officers of the United States Department of Defense, various branches of the United States Armed Forces (such as the Department of the Navy), or specific DoD activities (Defense Logistics Agency Police). They are also referred to as DoD Police. The DoD Police are responsible for law enforcement and security services on DoD owned and leased buildings, facilities, properties and other DoD assets. It is important to note that "Department of Defense Police" is a catch-all phrase that refers to any civilian engaged in police duties

neg: Randy Watt a bachelor's degree in police science from Weber State University, a master's degree in business administration University of Phoenix and a master's degree in strategic studies from United States Army War College. Randy served the Ogden police department for 32 years and retired as Assistant Police Chief in the city in October 2011. Recently Watt was hired to head the Ogden police department. Watt was stationed in Afghanistan until December 2002. In 2004, he was quoted in the "Salt Lake Tribune" as stating ""We're arrogant. We think everyone knows what democracy is and wants it... but you can't change something

neg: National Zoological Park (United States) within the District of Columbia with full police powers. They work very closely with the Metropolitan Police Department, the United States Park Police, Department of State, Capital Police, Federal Bureau of Investigation, and the Department of Defense. The agency is considered the first line of defense in the event of any crisis. Dennis W. Kelly was named director of the zoo on February 15, 2010, overseeing both campuses. Kelly succeeded John Berry, who was the National Zoo director for three years until February 2009, when he resigned to become the director of the U.S. Office of Personnel Management under the

neg: Phoenix Police Department Phoenix Police Department The Phoenix Police Department is the law enforcement agency responsible for the city of Phoenix, Arizona. Today, the Phoenix Police Department comprises more than 2,900 officers and more than 1,000 support personnel. The department serves a population of more than 1.6 million and patrol almost of the fifth largest city in the United States. Phoenix was incorporated as a city on February 5, 1881. Law enforcement was handled by Phoenix city marshals and later by Phoenix police officers. Henry Garfias, the first city marshal, was elected by residents in 1881 in the first elections of the newly

neg: San Diego Police Department into the United States Military. In 1973, the first uniformed female officer joined the department. During the 1980s, the police department was at the center of a case that came before the Supreme Court of the United States and Ninth Circuit, "Kolender v. Lawson," 461 U.S. 352 (1983), which held unconstitutional laws that allow police to demand that "loiterers" and "wanderers" provide identification; this continues to affect other departments nationwide. The decade also saw officers responding to the San Ysidro McDonald's massacre; it was also a decade where the department had the highest mortality rate for officers of any major

neg: Cambridge Police Department (Massachusetts) Cambridge Police Department (Massachusetts) The Cambridge Police Department is the municipal police department for the city of Cambridge, Massachusetts, in the United States. Formally organized in 1859. with the appointment of John C. Willey as the first Chief of Police, the Cambridge Police Department was then manned by only 16 officers. The Cambridge Police Department moved its headquarters location on December 8, 2008. The police department is now located in the Robert W. Healy Public Safety Facility at 125 Sixth Street in the neighborhood of East Cambridge, leaving their Central Square location after 135 years. Prior to the move, the

neg: Police vehicles in the United States and Canada Dodge gained some ground on Ford, largely at the expense of the Taurus. The Mobile precinct station in both the models of a 26' trailer and AM General 6X6 military surplus vehicle have been inventoried in specific police departments within the United States. Police vehicles in the United States and Canada Police vehicles in the United States and Canada are made by several maufacturers and are available in three broad vehicle types: The first police car was a wagon run by electricity fielded on the streets of Akron, Ohio in 1899. Since the 1920s, the New York City Police Department

neg: Delrish Moss to the improved relationship between Miami's African-American communities and the police department. Moss was active in community outreach, moving important relationships from tense to productive. Moss has over 30 years of experience. He was appointed to the Police Chief position in Ferguson over 53 other applicants. Moss was sworn into his new role just weeks after a federal judge approved Ferguson's agreement with the United States Department of Justice created to resolve racial bias in the town's criminal justice system. Moss is a lover of jazz and big bands. He served as president of the Miami Police Athletic League and

neg: Metra Police Department 1974 the Illinois State Legislature created the Regional Transportation Authority. When the RTA reorganized in 1983, Metra was created. This act empowers all the sub units of the RTA to establish and maintain police forces. The Metra Police Department was created at that time. The RTA Act states that these police departments have the authority of municipal police officers. Metra Police Officers routinely and regularly enforce all Criminal law violations of the state of Illinois. Metra Police Officers are authorized to enforce all of the traffic laws of the Illinois Vehicle Code. The main focus of Metra Police law enforcement

neg: Bridgeport Police Department Bridgeport Police Department The Bridgeport Police Department is the primary law enforcement agency in Bridgeport, Fairfield County, Connecticut, United States. It is responsible for most law enforcement within the geographical boundary of City of Bridgeport, with the exception of: Bridgeport was the first city in New England to deploy radio patrol police cars, in September 1933. The Bridgeport Park Police Department is a separate department devoted to law enforcement in Bridgeport's parks. In 2012, the maximum annual salary for police officers was $168,374. The department enforces the laws within Connecticut's most populous city. Bridgeport has the 56th largest metro area

neg: Port Authority of New York and New Jersey Police Department three bus terminals (the Port Authority Bus Terminal, the George Washington Bridge Bus Station and Journal Square Transportation Center), the World Trade Center in lower Manhattan, and the PATH train system. The PAPD is the largest transit-related police force in the United States. The Port Authority Police Department was created in June 1928 when 40 men were selected to police the Goethals Bridge and Outerbridge Crossing (then known as the Arthur Kill Bridge). These original officers were known as Bridgemen, nine of whom were later promoted to the rank of Bridgemaster, or Sergeant. The force grew in number with the

neg: Against the Wall (TV series) Against the Wall (TV series) Against the Wall is an American police drama television series created by Annie Brunner. The series starred Rachael Carpani as Abby Kowalski, a police detective who recently joined the Internal Affairs division of the Chicago Police Department. The series was broadcast in the United States on the cable channel Lifetime, and is a production of Universal Cable Productions. It premiered on July 31, 2011, following "Drop Dead Diva". The series follows Abby Kowalski, a five-year veteran of the Chicago Police Department, who in order to pursue her dream career as a detective takes the only

neg: United States Department of Veterans Affairs Police law (and therefore the increased uniform allowance and expanded authority of the VA Police to include the ability to conduct investigations, on and off Department property, took legal effect on January 7, 2011. United States Department of Veterans Affairs Police The United States Department of Veterans Affairs Police is the uniformed law enforcement service of the U.S. Department of Veterans Affairs, responsible for the protection of the VA Medical Centers and other facilities such as VA Medical Centers (VAMC), Outpatient Clinics (OPC) and Community Based Outpatient Clinics (CBOC) operated by United States Department of Veterans Affairs and its subsidiary components

neg: Boston Police Department Boston Police Department. In 1838, a bill passed in the General Court that allowed the city to appoint police officers, paving the way for the creation of a formal police department. The Boston Police Department was formally founded in May 1854, at which point both the night watch and Day Police were disbanded. A fourteen-inch club replaced the old hook and bill, which had been in use for one hundred and fifty-four years. At the time of its founding, the Boston Police constituted one of the first paid, professional police services in the United States. The department was closely organized

neg: Police vehicles in the United States and Canada Police vehicles in the United States and Canada Police vehicles in the United States and Canada are made by several maufacturers and are available in three broad vehicle types: The first police car was a wagon run by electricity fielded on the streets of Akron, Ohio in 1899. Since the 1920s, the New York City Police Department has employed a fleet of Radio Motor Patrol vehicles to aid in its fight against crime within the city. Ford's introduction of the flathead V-8 in its Model 18 in 1932––the first low-priced, mass-marketed car with a V8 engine––proved quite popular amongst police

neg: Adam-12 Adam-12 Adam-12 is a television police procedural drama that follows Los Angeles Police Department (LAPD) officers Pete Malloy and Jim Reed as they ride the streets of Los Angeles in their patrol unit 1-Adam-12. The series was created by Robert A. Cinader and Jack Webb, the latter of whom also created "Dragnet". It starred Martin Milner and Kent McCord and purported to realistically capture a typical day in the life of police officers. The show ran from September 21, 1968 through May 20, 1975 and helped to introduce police procedures and jargon to the general public in the United States.

neg: Los Angeles Police Department Threat Management Unit Los Angeles Police Department Threat Management Unit In civilian law enforcement, a Threat Management Unit (TMU) is a police department team that handles cases of harassment or stalking. The Los Angeles Police Department (LAPD) created the first Threat Management Unit, the Los Angeles Police Department Threat Management Unit, in 1990 after the murder of actress Rebecca Lucile Schaeffer. Over the years the TMU has been visited and emulated by many city, county, state and federal law enforcement agencies, including agencies from Canada, Australia, the United Kingdom, Europe, Asia, Hong Kong and South America; as well as prominent security consultants all

neg: Chicago Police Department Chicago Police Department The Chicago Police Department (CPD) is the law enforcement agency of the U.S. city of Chicago, Illinois, under the jurisdiction of the City Council. It is the second largest municipal police department in the United States, behind only the New York City Police Department and larger than the Los Angeles Police Department. It has approximately 12,244 officers and over 1,925 other employees. Tracing its roots back to the year 1835, the Chicago Police Department is one of the oldest modern police forces in the world. The United States Department of Justice has criticized the department for its

neg: Holden Arboretum "The Holden Express Garden Railroad", created by artist Paul Busse (2007); "Gnome and Garden", featuring 20 5-foot-tall garden gnomes decorated by regional artists (2011) and "Vanishing Acts: Trees Under Threat", a traveling exhibit created by the Morton Arboretum. Maintaining public safety in Holden Arboretum is the responsibility of the Holden Arboretum Police Department (HAPD), a department that provides police services to the Holden Arboretum area. Holden Arboretum The Holden Arboretum, in Kirtland, Ohio, is one of the largest arboreta and botanical gardens in the United States, with more than , including devoted to collections and gardens. Diverse natural areas and

neg: Arlington County Police Department Arlington County Police Department The Arlington County Police Department (ACPD) is the primary law enforcement agency servicing 207,627 people within of jurisdiction within Arlington County, Virginia. The ACPD was created on February 1, 1940 as the Arlington County Division of Police with Harry Woodyard as the first Chief of Police. It assumed its current name on October 1, 1963 after a departmental reorganization. On February 1, 1940, the first Arlington County policing department was formed, under the name of the "Arlington County Division of Police". A few years later, the first ACPD auxiliary force was created. In 1960, Arlington County

neg: United States Department of Veterans Affairs Police United States Department of Veterans Affairs Police The United States Department of Veterans Affairs Police is the uniformed law enforcement service of the U.S. Department of Veterans Affairs, responsible for the protection of the VA Medical Centers and other facilities such as VA Medical Centers (VAMC), Outpatient Clinics (OPC) and Community Based Outpatient Clinics (CBOC) operated by United States Department of Veterans Affairs and its subsidiary components of the Veterans Health Administration (VHA) as well as the National Cemetery Administration (NCA) and the Veterans Benefits Administration (VBA) respectively. The VA Police have several divisions and operate separately but alongside the

neg: Boston Police Department Boston Police Department The Boston Police Department (BPD), dating back to 1838, holds the primary responsibility for law enforcement and investigation within the American city of Boston, Massachusetts. It is the oldest police department in the United States. The BPD is also the 20th largest law enforcement agency in the country and the 3rd largest in New England. Before the existence of a formal police department, the first night watch was established in Boston in 1635. In 1703, pay in the sum of 35 shillings a month was set for members of the night watch. In 1796, the watch was

neg: Welcome, Minnesota Welcome, Minnesota Welcome is a city in Martin County, Minnesota, United States. The population was 686 at the 2010 census. The U.S. Census Bureau estimated 2012 population is 678. In 1988, Welcome combined with nearby Sherburn and Trimont schools to form the Martin County West School District. In 1999, Welcome combined its Police Department, with nearby Sherburn. The Department is currently known as the "Sherburn/Welcome Police Department". A post office called Welcome has been in operation since 1881. The city was named after Alfred M. Welcome, who owned a farm on what became the city's southwest side. According to the

neg: San Jose Police Department Jose Police Department. On December 8, 1941, the SJPD created an own Police Reserve Unit which exists until today, making it one of the oldest organizations of this kind in the United States. SJPD Reserve Officers are California P.O.S.T Basic Police Academy certified and therefore receive exactly the same training, including 500 hours of Field Training, as full-time police officers. As level I reserve officers according to § 832.6(a)(1) California Penal Code, they are sworn peace officers pursuant to § 830.6(a)(1) California Penal Code who have the same duties and responsibilities as regular officers. Today, the unit consists of over

neg: Boston Police Department real BPD cruisers. They include: Boston Police Department The Boston Police Department (BPD), dating back to 1838, holds the primary responsibility for law enforcement and investigation within the American city of Boston, Massachusetts. It is the oldest police department in the United States. The BPD is also the 20th largest law enforcement agency in the country and the 3rd largest in New England. Before the existence of a formal police department, the first night watch was established in Boston in 1635. In 1703, pay in the sum of 35 shillings a month was set for members of the night watch.

neg: United States presidential inauguration called upon Washington in New York City. This tradition resumed in 1985 with President Reagan and continues under the auspices of a Presidential Inaugural Prayer Committee based at Old St. George's. The first Inaugural Ball was held on the night of James Madison's first inauguration in 1809. Tickets were $4 and it took place at Long’s Hotel. The security for the inaugural celebrations is a complex matter, involving the Secret Service, Department of Homeland Security, Federal Protective Service (DHS-FPS), all five branches of the Armed Forces, the Capitol Police, the United States Park Police (USPP), and the Metropolitan Police Department

neg: Arkansas State Police Arkansas State Police The Arkansas State Police is a state police agency for Arkansas, which has jurisdiction anywhere in the state. It was created to protect the lives, property and constitutional rights of people in Arkansas. Unlike other similarly named state police organizations in the United States, the Arkansas State Police is more of a Department of Public Safety in that it is an umbrella organization rather than a general policing agency. The uniformed division is as a highway patrol not a general power police as the Arkansas constitution grants that authority to the various county sheriffs and local police.

neg: Communication during the September 11 attacks it, though it did work and was used by some firefighters. When police officials concluded the twin towers were in danger of collapsing and ordered police to leave the complex, fire officials were not notified. Fire officials on the scene were not monitoring broadcast news reports and did not immediately understand what had happened when the first (South) tower did collapse. There was little communication between New York City Police Department and fire department commands even though an Office of Emergency Management (OEM) had been created in 1996 in part to provide such coordination. A primary reason for OEM's inability

neg: Ralph Deleon were to begin their flights to Afghanistan, where they had planned to conduct jihad, and become shaheed. In November 2012, three people, including Deleon, were charged in the United States District Court in Riverside. Another person connected to the plot was detained in Afghanistan; he was held as an enemy combatant before being sent to the United States to face prosecution. Multiple agencies were involved in the investigation which led to the arrest, including Riverside County Sheriff's Office, Riverside Police Department, San Bernardino County Sheriff's Department, Beaumont Police Department, Ontario Police Department, United States Immigration and Customs Enforcement, and the

neg: Indianapolis Police Department the department, six of whom worked on the street. The Indianapolis Police Department was the first police department in the United States to assign policewomen to patrol cars when Officers Elizabeth Robinson and Betty Blankenship were assigned Car 47 in September 1968. On June 8, 1976, Officer Penny Davis, a veteran of the force, became the first woman assigned to the Investigations Division. In January 1992, Davis became the first woman to hold the rank of Deputy Chief. Two years later, Patricia Holman became the first African-American female Deputy Chief. Deborah Saunders was appointed to the rank of Assistant Chief

neg: Police training officer Learning (PBL) for Instructor Development. Also funded by the COPS Office, the program led to the creation of the non-profit, non-affiliated Police Society for Problem Based Learning, an international organization of police instructors interested in improving all aspects of police education. Police training officer The Police Training Officer program (PTO) is a post-academy training program created from the educational approach known as problem-based learning. Program development was funded by the United States Department of Justice Office of Community Oriented Policing Services to train police recruits once they graduate from the police academy. It was initially developed to replace the 30-year-old

neg: Local government in the United States promulgate administrative regulations that often carry the force of law within land directly controlled by such districts. Many special districts, particularly those created to provide public transportation or education, have their own police departments (e.g. Bay Area Rapid Transit District/BART Police and Los Angeles Unified School District/Los Angeles School Police Department). The District of Columbia is unique within the United States in that it is under the direct authority of the U.S. Congress, rather than forming part of any state. Actual government has been delegated under the District of Columbia Home Rule Act to a city council which effectively also

neg: Primorsky Krai Police the Municipal Police was Powered by the Gendarmes, and The Police department of Railway was born. In 1898, In Vladivostok Created The Fortress Gendarme command. In 1907, was The first detective department was established as The Vladivostok Okhrana Departmentsecret - the local authority for political investigation. In August 1909, was established The local Criminal Investigation Department. In 1910, as part of the Vladivostok City Police Department was established a Chinese police, for Chinese inmates. In 1918, The Czarist Police was dissolved and was instead that, was created The Office of Internal Affairs under NKVD, and the regional police was known

neg: Chattanooga Police Department Chattanooga Police Department The Chattanooga Police Department (CPD) is the primary law enforcement organization serving Chattanooga, Tennessee, in the United States. The department is headed by a Chief of Police, with one Deputy Chief and three Assistant Chiefs commanding the major bureaus of the department: the Uniformed Services Bureau, the Investigative Services Bureau, and the Administration and Support Services Bureau. The police department dates from 1852 and has evolved over the decades. The CPD made Chattanooga one of the first major Southern cities to have black police officers starting in 1883. However, the police officers were subsequently removed from the

neg: Homicide: Life on the Street (season 1) Homicide: Life on the Street (season 1) The first season of "", an American police procedural drama television series, originally aired in the United States on NBC between January 31 and March 31, 1993. The show was created by Paul Attanasio, with film director Barry Levinson and television writer and producer Tom Fontana serving as executive producers. Adapted from David Simon's 1991 non-fiction book "", the season followed the fictional detectives of Baltimore Police Department homicide unit and the murder cases they investigate. The show was broadcast on Wednesdays at 9 p.m. EST, with the exception of the series premiere,

neg: Metropolitan Police Department of the District of Columbia Metropolitan Police Department of the District of Columbia The Metropolitan Police Department (MPD), officially the Metropolitan Police Department of the District of Columbia (MPDC), is the law enforcement agency for the District of Columbia, in the United States. With approximately 3,900 officers and 400 civilian staff, it is the sixth-largest municipal police department in the United States. The department serves an area of and a population of 672,228 people. The Metropolitan Police Department is the primary law enforcement agency forDistrict of Columbia. It is responsible for providing police services to the District such as patrol and criminal investigations, and is

neg: New Mexico Department of Game and Fish New Mexico Department of Game and Fish The New Mexico Department of Game and Fish (NMDGF) is a department of the Government of New Mexico, United States, that is responsible for maintaining wildlife and fish in the state. The NMDGF undertakes protection, conservation and propagation, and regulates the use of game and fish to ensure there is an adequate supply for recreation and food. Territorial legislature created what would become the game department in 1903. With New Mexico statehood 1912, the Legislature created the Department of Game and Fish by name, and in 1921 Legislature created a three-member commission. Today

neg: Edward M. Davis Angeles. He joined the LAPD and married Virginia Osborne in 1940. During World War II he took a leave of absence from the police department in order to serve in the United States Navy. When he became Chief of Police, Davis inherited a police department that was essentially the creation of Chief William H. Parker. He instantly became well-known internationally in 1969 when he held a press conference announcing the arrests of Charles Manson and his followers for what are known as the Tate and LaBianca murders. His role is well-documented in the book "Helter Skelter", written by Vincent Bugliosi,

neg: Science Police the SP's liaison to the Legion. Legionnaires Colossal Boy, Saturn Girl, Magno and Kinetix have all served with the Science Police at one time or another. In the 21st century, the Science Police serve the Federal government of the United States, with divisions in Metropolis and Midway City. The Science Police was created to replace the Special Crimes Unit, a division of the Metropolis Police Department that specialized in crimes committed by metahumans and aliens. Metropolis' local Science Police are called into action when an unknown monster and later on Atlas attack the city during Superman's absence. Team leader DuBarry

neg: United States Treasury Police United States Treasury Police The United States Treasury Police was the federal security police of the United States Department of the Treasury responsible for providing police and security to the Treasury Building and the Treasury Annex. In 1879 guards known as watchmen were appointed to safeguard the coins, currency and documents of the US Treasury and fell under the office of the Chief Clerk of the Treasury department. They were later renamed as the Treasury Guard Force. On 1 July 1937, the Secretary of the Treasury placed the TGF along with the Guard Force of the Bureau of Engraving and

neg: Junior safety patrol the school police attached badges to them. They have become a marker of the school patrol and are commonly issued to participants across the united States. The Omaha Police Department in Omaha, Nebraska instituted one of the first safety patrols in the United States in 1923. The Junior Safety Patrol was instituted in Seattle, Washington in 1928, with Seattle Police Department Captain George W. Kimball organizing the city's Junior Safety Patrol movement, and serving as director from 1928 to his death in 1961. The junior safety patrol movement took hold in the 1930s under the sponsorship of the American Automobile

neg: Crime in Omaha, Nebraska of crimes associated with the manufacture, distribution, and competition over profits of bootleg liquor during Prohibition. Little Italy native Tony Biase was the "leading Mafioso in Omaha" from the Prohibition through the 1970s. In 1923, the police created a separate motor force unit. "Pill boxes" were installed throughout the city. Some pill boxes were still in service in 2005. Theories of policing have alternated between the use of vehicle units and more community-based patrols. Also in 1923, the police department established the first safety patrol in the United States, chiefly to ensure children negotiated increased vehicle traffic safely as they

neg: Bernard Kerik Bernard Kerik Bernard Bailey Kerik (born September 4, 1955) is an American former police officer, consultant and convicted felon, who served as New York City Police Commissioner from 2000 to 2001, and New York City's Correction Department Commissioner and First Deputy, overseeing the New York City jail system, from 1995 to 2000. Kerik was born in Newark, New Jersey. He served in the United States Army from 1974 to 1977 before working various law enforcement jobs in the United States and abroad. Joining the New York Police Department (NYPD) in 1986, Kerik is most well known for his time at

neg: Alabama Highway Patrol Alabama Highway Patrol The Alabama Highway Patrol is the "de facto" state police organization for the U.S. state of Alabama, and which has full jurisdiction anywhere in the State. The Alabama Highway Patrol was created in 1936. Since its establishment, 29 officers have died while on duty.. It is subordinate to the Alabama Department of Public Safety, which is itself subordinate to the Alabama Law Enforcement Agency. In 1971 the Alabama Highway Patrol became the first police organization in the United States to use down-sized vehicles for regular highway patrol duties. This pre-dated, among others, the Camaros and Mustangs that

neg: Greg Ballard 12, 2012, Ballard signed Executive Order #6, making Indianapolis the first major city in the United States to commit to the conversion of its entire municipal non-police fleet to electric or plug-in hybrid vehicles. The mayor also outlined a plan to convert the entire city government vehicle fleet to post-oil technology by 2025. Ballard cited concern over the compromises to national security created by national oil dependence as the reasoning behind this step in energy security. Ballard stated that his team was working with automakers to have the Indianapolis Metropolitan Police Department serve as technical advisors and test drivers to

neg: Asheville Police Department Asheville Police Department The Asheville Police Department (APD) is a nationally accredited police department and the primary law enforcement agency servicing a population of 72,789 people within of the municipality of Asheville, North Carolina. The Asheville Police Department was created in 1849 with a volunteer force of 5 officers and a captain. Because they were not authorized to carry weapons at the time, the volunteers had to weigh no less than . Later the next year, the town constable became the first chief of police. After several changes to staff and procedures, the force was officially created by ordinance on

neg: Pensacola Police Department Pensacola Police Department The Pensacola Police Department (or PPD) is the primary law enforcement agency for Pensacola, Florida in the United States. The department was founded on July 18, 1821 by Gen. Andrew Jackson, who had appointed city constable (policeman) to keep order within the city. On July 17, Jackson had entered Pensacola to accept the territory of East and West Florida for the United States. The following day, he established the government within the city. The history of the Pensacola Police Department goes back to the finding of Pensacola led by Tristan De Luna. When De Luna was establishing

neg: Sea Shepherd Conservation Society the Australian Prime Minister, Kevin Rudd, order their immediate return, but a spokesman for the Home Affairs Minister said it was a federal police matter. In October 2009, The Australian Immigration Department ruled that Watson and his First Officer, Peter Hammarstedt, must satisfy new good-character requirements to obtain business visas, requiring them to provide police references from the governments of the United States, Canada and Norway. Watson criticized what he considered a submission to Japanese pressure by the Rudd government. The Australian government responded by rejecting the idea that it was in some way delaying Watson, and on October 20,

neg: Miami-Dade County Public Schools Police Department Department badge was redesigned. Depicted in the background of the new police badge is Miami Senior High, established in 1902 as the first high school in the County. Miami-Dade County Public Schools Police Department The Miami-Dade Schools Police Department is the seventh largest law enforcement agency in Miami-Dade County, Florida, with 192 sworn personnel. It provides police services to the fourth largest school district in the United States. In 1957, the position of Security Assistant was established as a position responsible directly to the Superintendent of Public Instruction. The Security Assistant acted as liaison between Dade County Schools, law enforcement

neg: Penny Harrington Penny Harrington Penny E. Harrington (born March 2, 1942) became the first female chief of the Portland Police Bureau, making her the first female to head a major police department in the United States. Harrington began working as a policewoman in 1964, when there were only 12 women in her department. She was appointed chief of the Portland Police Bureau in January 1985. However, a recommendation by a three-member panel appointed by Mayor Bud Clark resulted in her resignation in 1986. In 1987 Harrington filed a federal sex discrimination suit claiming that members of the police department "conspired to embarrass

neg: Canada–United States border The neighboring Mohawk territory of Akwesasne straddles the Ontario–Quebec–New York borders, and its First Nations sovereignty prevents Ontario Provincial Police, Sûreté du Québec, Royal Canadian Mounted Police, Canada Border Services Agency, Canadian Coast Guard, United States Border Patrol, United States Coast Guard, and New York State Police from exercising jurisdiction over exchanges taking place within the territory. In late 2006, the United States Department of Homeland Security (DHS) announced a rule regarding new identification requirements for U.S. citizens and international travelers entering the U.S. Implemented on January 23, 2007, this final rule and first phase of the WHTI specifies six

neg: Middle Department Middle Department The Middle Department was an administrative military district created by the United States War Department early in the American Civil War to administer the troops in the Middle Atlantic states. The department was created on March 22, 1862 by the Adjutant General's Office in Washington, D.C.. It combined all Federal troops in the states of New Jersey, Delaware, Pennsylvania and the counties of Anne Arundel, Baltimore, Cecil, and Harford in Maryland, with headquarters in Baltimore, Maryland. Maj. Gen. John A. Dix was designated as its first commander. The Middle Department was dissolved July 22 1862, when it was

neg: Corps of Intelligence Police Corps of Intelligence Police The Corps of Intelligence Police (CIP) was founded by Ralph Van Deman in 1917 as an intelligence agency within the United States Army, and the War Department. In World War I, many of the intelligence disciplines still in use today were deployed for the first time: aerial photography, signals intercept, interrogation teams, and counterintelligence agents. Army Intelligence within the continental United States and intelligence in support of the forces overseas developed along two separate tracks. On the home front, COL Ralph Van Deman, Chief of the Military Intelligence Division of the War Department General Staff, directed

neg: Will v. Michigan Department of State Police Will v. Michigan Department of State Police Will v. Michigan Dept. of State Police, 491 U.S. 58 (1989), was a case decided by the United States Supreme Court, in which the Court held that States and their officials acting in their official capacity are not persons when sued for monetary damages under the Civil Rights Act of 1871. Ray Will sued the Michigan State Police Department and the Director of the State Police in the Michigan Court of Claims alleging various violations of the Constitutions of the United States and Michigan as a claim under the Civil Rights Act of

neg: Rochester Police Department Rochester Police Department The Rochester Police Department, also known as the RPD, is the principal law enforcement agency of the city of Rochester, New York, reporting to the city mayor. It currently has approximately 869 officers and support staff, a budget of approximately $75 million, and covers an area of . The Rochester Police Department has been under a court-ordered federal consent decree from the United States Department of Justice since 1975 over its hiring practices. The decree was part of a 1975 settlement involving racial discrimination. Rochester hired a constable and formed a nightwatch, which first went active on

neg: Department of the Air Force Police Department of the Air Force Police The United States Air Force Police are the civilian uniformed police service of the United States Air Force, responsible for the force protection of assets and all aspects of law enforcement on U.S. Air Force installations, and other facilities operated by United States Air Force. The Air Force Police are a federal law enforcement agency with full authority to enforce laws, rules and regulations and make arrests on Air Force–controlled property. Air Force Police operate throughout the United States under the direction of the installation commanders and the Air Provost Marshal. Air Force Police

neg: United States House Committee on Expenditures in the Navy Department created on March 30, 1816, with Stevenson Archer (Maryland), Wilson Lumpkin (Georgia), and Benjamin Huger (South Carolina) as the first members of the Committee on Expenditures in the Navy Department. In 1927 it was consolidated with ten other Committees on Expenditures to form the United States House Committee on Expenditures in the Executive Departments. The functions of the committee are now part of the United States House Committee on Oversight and Government Reform. United States House Committee on Expenditures in the Navy Department The United States House Committee on Expenditures in the Navy Department is a defunct a committee of

neg: Bureau of Narcotics and Dangerous Drugs in rooting it out. What was also suspected and has been confirmed is the CIA was actually running covert operations via BNDD. Bureau of Narcotics and Dangerous Drugs The Bureau of Narcotics and Dangerous Drugs (BNDD) was a bureau within the United States Department of Justice (DOJ) and a predecessor agency of the modern Drug Enforcement Administration (DEA). It was created by § 3 of the Reorganization Plan No. 1 of 1968, submitted to Congress on and effective . It was formed as a subsidiary of the United States Department of Justice, combining the Bureau of Narcotics (from the United

neg: Police brutality in the United States Numerous human rights observers have raised concerns about increased police brutality in the U.S. after the attacks of September 11, 2001. An extensive report prepared for the United Nations Human Rights Committee, published in 2006, states that in the U.S. the "War on Terror" has "created a generalized climate of impunity for law enforcement officers, and contributed to the erosion of what few accountability mechanisms exist for civilian control over law enforcement agencies. As a result, police brutality and abuse persist unabated and undeterred across the country." During the "war on terror", there has been noted increases in enforcement power

neg: Gaithersburg Police Department from 1986 until her retirement in May 2007. John King succeeded Chief Viverette until 2010. The Department currently falls under the leadership of Mark P. Sroka. From 1971 to 1990, the Gaithersburg Police Department only hired officers who had former experience as police officers. The majority of the Gaithersburg's police officers have come from other agencies. The experience of these officers comes from agencies such as Montgomery County, Washington, D.C., United States Secret Service, Montgomery County Sheriff's Office, Maryland National Capital Police, and Baltimore City, to name a few. David Marstiller was the first Chief of Police, although there are

neg: United States security assistance to the Palestinian National Authority caliber of newly trained NSF troops. In his aforementioned public speech in 2009, he declared, "And what we have created—and I say this in humility—what we have created are new men." Dayton went on to explain, "upon the return of these new men of Palestine, they have shown motivation, discipline and professionalism, and they have made such a difference..." The actual training of troops is the work of Jordanian Public Security Directorate police trainers who teach in Arabic. They are assisted by Mobile Training Teams, composed of U.S. DynCorp contractors. The NSF battalions train at the Jordan International Police Training

neg: Heather Fong Heather Fong Heather Jeanne Fong (, born 1956) is the former chief of police for San Francisco, California, United States. She is the first woman to lead the San Francisco Police Department, and the first Asian American woman to head a major metropolitan city police force. She is also the second Asian American police chief in SFPD history, the other being Fred Lau. Fong became the Interim San Francisco police chief in January 2004 after Alex Fagan Sr. was reassigned by Gavin Newsom. She became the permanent police chief in April 2004. Fong most recently served as the Department of

neg: Tampa Police Department the City Marshall’s duties and responsibilities were expanded to include summoning members of patrol by midnight along with examining and recording marks and brands on butchered cattle. In 1886, the first police force was created in Tampa by passage of another city ordinance and thus began the Tampa Police Department some fifty-one years after the first police force in America was created. Tampa’s first police force was quite small, with a Chief of Police replacing the City Marshall, aided by an Assistant Chief, a Sergeant and three mounted officers. But some key elements of a modern police force were instituted

neg: Metropolitan Police Department of the District of Columbia cruisers, 165 marked other vehicles (such as vans, SUVs, trucks, and a command bus), 35 unmarked other vehicles, 139 Honda-Harley scooters, 57 Harley Davidson FLHTPI motorcycles, 17 boats, and 34 miscellaneous vehicles, including forklifts, traffic machines, and trailers. Metropolitan Police Department of the District of Columbia The Metropolitan Police Department (MPD), officially the Metropolitan Police Department of the District of Columbia (MPDC), is the law enforcement agency for the District of Columbia, in the United States. With approximately 3,900 officers and 400 civilian staff, it is the sixth-largest municipal police department in the United States. The department serves an area

neg: Department of the Air Force Police specific installation or facility. Department of the Air Force Police The United States Air Force Police are the civilian uniformed police service of the United States Air Force, responsible for the force protection of assets and all aspects of law enforcement on U.S. Air Force installations, and other facilities operated by United States Air Force. The Air Force Police are a federal law enforcement agency with full authority to enforce laws, rules and regulations and make arrests on Air Force–controlled property. Air Force Police operate throughout the United States under the direction of the installation commanders and the Air Provost

neg: Little Rock Police Department Little Rock Police Department The Little Rock Police Department (LRPD) is the principal law enforcement agency serving the city of Little Rock, Arkansas. It was headed by Chief Kenton Buckner. In 1831 the Town of Little Rock was incorporated and Dr. Matthew Cunningham won the first mayoral election. In 1835 Little Rock was incorporated as the first City in the Arkansas Territory. The Little Rock Police Department was established in 1866 and in 1892 the first paid Little Rock Fire Department was created. The Little Rock Police Department has various positions for detectives, Field Training Officers, and other mission specific

neg: Lakeland, Florida after he stopped five young men while on a routine patrol. Crispin was 25 years old, and an 18-month veteran of the force. Kyle Williams was convicted of the killing and sentenced to life in prison. The Lakeland Police Department is recognized as having one of the best-trained canine units in the United States. At the annual USPCA Police Dog Field Trials—the largest competition of police dogs in the United States—Lakeland police dog "Nox" took first place in 2015, "Bruno" took first place in 2012 and 2013, and "Charief" took second place in 2009 and 2011. In October 2010, Officer

neg: Seal and emblem of the United States Department of the Army Seal and emblem of the United States Department of the Army The Department of the Army Seal and the Department of the Army Emblem are, respectively, the official seal and emblem of the United States Department of the Army (formerly, of the War Department). The "War Office Seal" was created in 1778 and the Emblem was developed out of the seal and approved in 1947. The Army Seal was used originally during the American Revolution to authenticate documents. It displayed the designation "War Office", which was synonymous with Headquarters of the Army, and the Roman date MDCCLXXVIII (1778) the first

neg: Agricultural education program. The rapid growth of agricultural education began during the late 19th century. In 1862, the United States Congress created the Department of Agriculture to gather and distribute agricultural information. The Morrill Act, which provided the land-grant schools, became law that same year. The Hatch Act of 1887 gave federal funds to establish agricultural experiment stations. The first dairy school in the U.S. was created at the University of Wisconsin–Madison in 1890. Government support for agricultural education has increased during the 20th century. For example, the Smith-Lever Act of 1914 created what is now the Cooperative Extension System (1988). The

neg: Police reform in the United States news conference, "I am here to run a police department, not a frat house," and that she wants "to root out what is clearly a toxic, macho culture." Peter Keane, a former San Francisco police commissioner and law professor at Golden Gate University, said, "I think she can find someone who is really ruthless about instituting reforms of these kinds of things" but "You can't do any of this stuff with an internal candidate." On June 27, 2016, a federal judge sentenced Paul Tanaka, a former second-in-command of the Los Angeles County Sheriff's Department, to five years in prison. The