query: who controlled the senate and house in 2008

pos: 110th United States Congress Senate seats, they had an operational majority because the two independent senators caucused with the Democrats for organizational purposes. No Democratic-held seats had fallen to the Republican Party in the 2006 elections. Democrat Nancy Pelosi became the first woman Speaker of the House. The House also received the first Muslim (Keith Ellison) and Buddhist (Hank Johnson and Mazie Hirono) members of Congress. Members debated initiatives such as the Democrats' 100-Hour Plan and the Iraq War troop surge of 2007. Following President Bush's 2007 State of the Union Address, Congress debated his proposal to create a troop surge to increase security

pos: Rand Paul 2016 presidential campaign law does not allow presidential (or vice-presidential) nominees to run for office in the state, meaning Paul could not concurrently run for president and reelection to the Senate. However, Paul filed to run for re-election to his Senate seat in April 2011. In March 2014, the Republican-controlled Kentucky Senate passed a bill that would allow Paul to run for both offices, but the Democratic-controlled Kentucky House of Representatives declined to take it up. During the 2014 legislative elections, Paul attempted to shift the power in the House to the Republicans, who were more likely to pass the bill. Paul spent

pos: Government of Belize the President has no powers as would ordinarily be vested in a Senator. Over the past few years, there has been much debate over whether the members of the Senate should be appointed or elected. This discussion continues as Belizeans continue to weigh the pros and cons of an elected versus appointed senate. As of 8 February 2008, the Government of Belize is controlled by the United Democratic Party (Belize) (UDP) which has a confirmed majority in the House of Representatives after general elections of 7 February 2008. The former government, the People's United Party (PUP) is now in Opposition,

pos: Uranium mining in the United States Uranium, to allow drilling test holes into the deposit. Drilling began in mid-December. The state-imposed moratorium on uranium mining is still in effect. A bill proposed in the state General Assembly in January 2008 would have created a Virginia Uranium Mining Commission to determine if uranium mining could be done in a manner protective of human health and the environment, and to recommend regulatory controls. The bill passed the Democratic controlled state Senate by a vote of 36–4. However, opponents of uranium mining succeeded in stopping the bill on March 3, 2008, when Rules Committee of the Republican controlled House

pos: Politics of Belize Senator and President of the Senate are vested in this one person. Otherwise, the President has no powers as would ordinarily be vested in a Senator. Over the past few years, there has been much debate over whether the members of the Senate should be appointed or elected. This discussion continues as Belizeans continue to weigh the pros and cons of an elected versus appointed senate. As of 8 February 2008, the Government of Belize is controlled by the United Democratic Party (Belize) (UDP) which has a confirmed majority in the House of Representatives after general elections of 7 February

pos: 2012 United States Senate election in Pennsylvania Democratic and Republican. Additionally, Republicans have controlled the State Senate since 1995, while Democrats assumed control of the State House following the 2006 election, only to lose control in the 2010 election. Democrats had won the state in every presidential election from 1992 to 2012. In January 2012, the Pennsylvania Republican Party officially endorsed Steve Welch for U.S. Senate. The largest state newspaper, "Philadelphia Inquirer," also endorsed Welch. He was also endorsed by the "Pittsburgh Post-Gazette." However, he was criticized for changing his party registration. In 2008, he became a Democrat so he could vote for Barack Obama in the

pos: 49th Arkansas General Assembly 49th Arkansas General Assembly The Forty-Ninth Arkansas General Assembly was the legislative body of the state of Arkansas in 1933 and 1934. In this General Assembly, all 35 positions in the Arkansas Senate and 100 positions in the Arkansas House of Representatives were both controlled by the Democrats. Democratic hegemony was typical in Arkansas and throughout the American South during the Solid South period. The senate was completely controlled the Democratic party. Fifteen freshman senators took seats in the chamber, including John Fred Parish (D-29th), who successfully contested the reelection of incumbent R. A. Nelson, who was seated at the

pos: 74th Oregon Legislative Assembly 74th Oregon Legislative Assembly The Seventy-fourth Oregon Legislative Assembly was the Oregon Legislative Assembly (OLA)'s period from 2007 to 2008. (The Legislative Assembly is the legislative body of the U.S. state of Oregon, composed of the Oregon State Senate and the Oregon House of Representatives.) There was a regular session in 2007, and a shorter special session in 2008. The 74th was the first Oregon legislature since 1989 in which both its houses were controlled by the Democratic Party of Oregon, which won a one-seat majority in the House in the 2006 elections. (Democrats had previously taken control of the

pos: 74th Oregon Legislative Assembly (R-4 Central Point) Deputy Republican Whip: Gene Whisnant (R-53 Sunriver) 74th Oregon Legislative Assembly The Seventy-fourth Oregon Legislative Assembly was the Oregon Legislative Assembly (OLA)'s period from 2007 to 2008. (The Legislative Assembly is the legislative body of the U.S. state of Oregon, composed of the Oregon State Senate and the Oregon House of Representatives.) There was a regular session in 2007, and a shorter special session in 2008. The 74th was the first Oregon legislature since 1989 in which both its houses were controlled by the Democratic Party of Oregon, which won a one-seat majority in the House in

pos: 147th Georgia General Assembly 147th Georgia General Assembly The 2003 regular session of the 147th General Assembly of the U.S. state of Georgia met from January 13, 2003, at 10:00 am, to Friday, April 25, at midnight, at which time both houses adjourned "sine die". Control of the General Assembly was split between the Republican-controlled Senate and the Democratic-controlled House. This was the longest legislative session in more than a century. 122 general House bills, 174 local House bills, 77 general Senate bills and 41 local Senate bills passed both chambers of the legislature and were sent to the governor for his signature. The

pos: 112th Ohio General Assembly Member was appointed to current House Seat 112th Ohio General Assembly The One Hundred Twelfth Ohio General Assembly was the legislative body of the state of Ohio in 1977 and 1978. In this General Assembly, the Ohio Senate and Ohio House of Representatives were controlled by the Democratic Party. In the Senate, there were 21 Democrats and 12 Republicans. In the House, there were 66 Democrats and 33 Republicans. It used redistricted legislative districts based on the 1970 Census. Democrats controlled the Ohio House of Representatives from January 1, 1973, through December 31, 1994, under Ohio's longest serving House Speaker,

pos: Manuel A. Torres Manuel A. Torres Manuel A. Torres-Nieves, Puerto Rico's Secretary of the Senate of Puerto Rico first served during the tumultuous years of 2005-2008 in which the Senate was controlled by the pro-statehood New Progressive Party (NPP) while the governorship had been controlled by the pro-status quo Popular Democratic Party, served a second consecutive term as Senate Secretary after having served as Acting President of the Senate from January 1–12, 2009, between the Senate presidencies of Kenneth McClintock and Thomas Rivera Schatz. He then served as Puerto Rico's first Electoral Comptroller before his third election as Secretary of the Senate during

pos: S. Bernard Goodwyn S. Bernard Goodwyn Samuel Bernard Goodwyn (born February 23, 1961) is a Virginia jurist currently serving his first 12-year term as a Justice of the Supreme Court of Virginia. Justice Goodwyn was appointed on October 10, 2007 by Governor Timothy M. Kaine to fill the vacancy created by the retirement of Justice Elizabeth B. Lacy early in 2007. Such pro tempore appointments are only valid until 30 days after the Virginia General Assembly next meets. In the 2008 session of the Virginia General Assembly, a political standoff between the Democratic-controlled Senate and the Republican-controlled House of Delegates resulted in Goodwyn's

pos: 2008 United States presidential election in Arizona and his interest groups spent $1,510,900 in the state. McCain and his interest groups spent just $751. The Democratic ticket didn't visit the state. Arizona native John McCain visited the state 5 times in the election campaign. Arizona has long been a Republican-dominated state. At the time, it was represented in the Senate by two Republicans (John McCain and Jon Kyl). It has only supported a Democrat for president once in the last 60 years, when Bill Clinton carried it in 1996. In addition, both the Arizona Senate and Arizona House of Representatives are controlled by Republicans. However, the Governor

pos: 112th Ohio General Assembly 112th Ohio General Assembly The One Hundred Twelfth Ohio General Assembly was the legislative body of the state of Ohio in 1977 and 1978. In this General Assembly, the Ohio Senate and Ohio House of Representatives were controlled by the Democratic Party. In the Senate, there were 21 Democrats and 12 Republicans. In the House, there were 66 Democrats and 33 Republicans. It used redistricted legislative districts based on the 1970 Census. Democrats controlled the Ohio House of Representatives from January 1, 1973, through December 31, 1994, under Ohio's longest serving House Speaker, Vernal G. Riffe, (D., Scioto County). Appt.-

pos: 48th Arkansas General Assembly 48th Arkansas General Assembly The Forty-Eighth Arkansas General Assembly was the legislative body of the state of Arkansas in 1931 and 1932. In this General Assembly, the Arkansas Senate and Arkansas House of Representatives were both controlled by the Democrats. In the Senate, all 35 senators were Democrats, and in the House, 99 representatives were Democrats, with one Republican. It was the first General Assembly to use redistricted legislative districts from the 1930 United States Census. The senate was controlled completely the Democratic party. Eighteen senators were lawyers, five were farmers, three were merchants, with one each listing their occupation

pos: Democratic response to 2006 State of the Union address the response to the 2008 State of the Union address. Webb's election over incumbent Senator George Allen in the 2006 Virginia Senate election tipped control of the United States Senate to the Democratic Party for the first time in four years and, with the election of a Democratic majority in the US House of Representatives, resulted in the first Democratic-controlled Congress in twelve years. Democratic response to 2006 State of the Union address The response to the 2006 State of the Union Address was delivered by Virginia Governor Tim Kaine on January 31, 2006, after United States President George W.

pos: 2016 United States Senate election in Kentucky Senate in late January 2016. In the general election, Paul defeated Gray by a 15-point margin. If Paul had become the Republican presidential (or vice-presidential) nominee, state law would have prohibitted him from simultaneously running for re-election. In March 2014, the Republican-controlled Kentucky Senate passed a bill that would allow Paul to run for both offices, but the Democratic-controlled Kentucky House of Representatives declined to take it up. Paul spent his own campaign money in the 2014 legislative elections, helping Republican candidates for the State House in the hopes of flipping the chamber, thus allowing the legislature to pass the

pos: 49th Arkansas General Assembly beginning of the session. The House was almost entirely new, with 73 freshmen members. Only three members had first won election to the House in 1928. 49th Arkansas General Assembly The Forty-Ninth Arkansas General Assembly was the legislative body of the state of Arkansas in 1933 and 1934. In this General Assembly, all 35 positions in the Arkansas Senate and 100 positions in the Arkansas House of Representatives were both controlled by the Democrats. Democratic hegemony was typical in Arkansas and throughout the American South during the Solid South period. The senate was completely controlled the Democratic party. Fifteen freshman

pos: 114th Ohio General Assembly 114th Ohio General Assembly The One Hundred Fourteenth Ohio General Assembly was the legislative body of the state of Ohio in 1981 and 1982. In this General Assembly, the Ohio Senate was controlled by the Republican Party and the Ohio House of Representatives was controlled by the Democratic Party. In the Senate, there were 18 Republicans and 15 Democrats. In the House, there were 60 Democrats and 38 Republicans. It was the final Ohio General Assembly to use legislative Districts from the 1970 United States Census. February 1, 1981: Matthew Hachadorian resigns from the 17th House District November 18, 1982:

pos: Politics of Colorado an equal legal position with the Democratic and Republican parties in terms of rights under state election law. However, the Democrats regained the Colorado House by a large margin during the 2012 election. Colorado was a battleground state in the 2008 U.S. Presidential Election between Senator John McCain and Senator Barack Obama. Obama won Colorado, by a margin of 8%, with 53% of the vote to McCain's 45%. Currently, the Assembly is split with Democrats controlling the House and Republicans controlling the Senate. The 64th Colorado General Assembly was the first to be controlled by the Democrats in forty years,

pos: Ronald Reagan judicial appointment controversies on July 31, 1986. Sessions became only the second nominee to the federal judiciary in 48 years whose nomination was killed by the Senate Judiciary Committee. Sessions was later elected to the U.S. Senate in 1996, and re-elected in 2002, 2008 and 2014, and in November 2016 became President-elect Donald Trump's nominee for U.S. Attorney-General. Ronald Reagan judicial appointment controversies During President Ronald Reagan's presidency, he nominated at least twelve people for various federal appellate judgeship who were not confirmed. In some cases, the nominations were not processed by the Democratic-controlled Senate Judiciary Committee before Reagan's presidency ended, while in

pos: November 2008 California elections 34 seats were under Democratic control and 19 were under Republican control. The California State Senate is the upper house of California's bicameral State Legislature. There are a total of 40 seats and only the 20 odd-numbered ones were up for election. The Democratic Party maintained a majority of 25, with the remaining 15 seats under the control of the Republican Party. Neither party lost or gained any seats. The California State Assembly is the lower house of California's State Legislature. All 80 seats were up for election every two years. Before the election, the Democrats controlled 48 seats, while

pos: 73rd Oregon Legislative Assembly 73rd Oregon Legislative Assembly The seventy-third Oregon Legislative Assembly was the Oregon Legislative Assembly (OLA)'s period from 2005 to 2006. (The Legislative Assembly is the legislative body of the U.S. state of Oregon, composed of the Oregon State Senate and the Oregon House of Representatives.) There was a regular session in 2005, and a one-day special session on April 20, 2006. The Senate was controlled by the Democratic Party of Oregon during the 73rd legislature, and the House was controlled by the Oregon Republican Party. The 2005 regular session was the second longest in Oregon history, lasting 208 days, from

pos: Kevin Rader vacated by Joseph Abruzzo, who opted to run for Rader's House seat instead of re-election in his reconfigured Senate district. Rader defeated teacher Mindy Koch in the Democratic primary with 58.5% of the vote. He won the general election without opposition. Kevin Rader Kevin Rader (born October 6, 1968) is a Democratic member of the Florida Senate who has represented the 29th district, including parts of Palm Beach and Broward Counties, since 2016. He previously served three terms in the Florida House of Representatives, from 2008 to 2010 and again from 2012 until his election to the Senate in 2016.

pos: Washington (state) 2014, both houses of the Washington State Legislature (the Washington Senate and the Washington House of Representatives) were controlled by a Democratic majority. The state senate was under Republican control, due to two Democrats joining Republicans to form a Majority Coalition Caucus. After the 2014 elections, the Democrats retained control of the House, while Republicans took a majority in the Senate without the need for a coalition. In November 2017, a special election gave Democrats a one seat majority in the Senate and complete control over state government. No state has gone longer without a Republican governor than Washington state.

pos: Jack Reed (Rhode Island politician) in Rhode Island, 1990 United States House of Representatives 2nd District Democratic primary election in Rhode Island, 1992 United States House of Representatives 2nd District election in Rhode Island, 1992 United States House of Representative 2nd District election in Rhode Island, 1994 United States Senate Democratic primary election in Rhode Island, 1996 United States Senate election in Rhode Island, 1996 United States Senate election in Rhode Island, 2002 United States Senate Democratic primary election in Rhode Island, 2008 United States Senate election in Rhode Island, 2008 United States Senate election in Rhode Island, 2014 Jack Reed (Rhode Island politician) John

pos: Kate Brown House of Representatives in 1991, filling a vacancy left by predecessor Judy Bauman, who took an executive appointment. She was elected to a second term before being elected to the Oregon State Senate in 1996. Two years later, she was elected Senate Democratic Leader; in 2004, senators made her the first woman to serve as Oregon's Senate Majority Leader. In July 2007, Brown announced that she would give up her seat in the Oregon Senate to be a candidate for Oregon Secretary of State in 2008. On May 20, 2008, Brown won the election for the Democratic nomination for Secretary

pos: 2007 Virginia elections control of both the House and the Senate. The Republicans emphasized the need to take local actions against illegal immigration. Previous to the election, Virginia's Senate consisted of 23 Republicans and 17 Democrats. Democrats defeated three incumbent Senators and won an open Republican seat to take control of the Senate by a 21 to 19 majority. Party abbreviations: D - Democratic, R - Republican, I - Independent, IG - Independent Green, L - Libertarian Note: Only Senate districts that were contested by more than one candidate are included here. Previous to the election, Republicans controlled the House of Delegates with

pos: LXI Legislature of the Mexican Congress LXI Legislature of the Mexican Congress The LXI Legislature of the Congress of Mexico met from September 1, 2009, to August 31, 2012. Members of the upper house of the Congress were selected in the elections of July 2006 while members of the lower house of the Congress were selected in the elections of July 2009. Out of 128 Senate seats, the Institutional Revolutionary Party (known as the PRI) controlled 50; the conservative National Action Party (PAN) controlled 33; while the left-wing Party of the Democratic Revolution (PRD) controlled 23. Additionally, the Green Party of Mexico controlled eight seats, the

pos: 2008 Delaware gubernatorial election served as Senator Biden's Chief of Staff during his tenure in the United States Senate. 2008 Delaware gubernatorial election The election for Governor of Delaware took place on November 4, 2008, coinciding with the United States presidential election. Democrat Jack Markell was elected governor, succeeding incumbent Ruth Ann Minner, also a Democrat, who was prevented from running for a third term. As of 2008, Democrats had controlled the Delaware governorship for 16 years. In an upset, state Treasurer Jack Markell defeated Lieutenant Governor John Carney by 51 to 49% for the Democratic nomination on September 9. The Republican nominee was

pos: Dan Bishop to 2008. After a six-year absence from politics, he was elected to the North Carolina House of Representatives from a south Charlotte seat for a single term (2015-2017), running against a Libertarian opponent, but without a Democratic one. Bishop's district was House District 104. He succeeded Ruth Samuelson, who retired from the House. Bishop won his current North Carolina State Senate District 39 seat in November 2016 to succeed Bob Rucho who was not seeking re-election. He received 58,739 votes (56.81%), defeating Democrat Lloyd Scher, who received 44,655 (43.19%). In the state Senate, Bishop was one of the primary sponsors

pos: Ohio Republican Party (Sherrod Brown defeating incumbent Mike DeWine). Ohio Republicans still held ten seats in the US House of Representatives, one seat in the U.S. Senate, and a majority in both houses of the Ohio General Assembly. Between the election of Robert Cupp in 2007, the death of Chief Justice Thomas Moyer, and the appointment of Democrat Eric Brown in 2010, Republicans had controlled all seven seats on the Ohio Supreme Court previously. In 2008, Democratic Presidential Candidate Barack Obama defeated Republican Candidate John McCain in Ohio. In 2010, Republicans regained all of the statewide elected executive offices, including the governorship with

pos: Merrick Garland Supreme Court nomination a Senate Republican majority confirmed Grover Cleveland's nomination of Rufus Wheeler Peckham in 1895. Conversely, in February 1988, during an election year, the Democratic-controlled Senate confirmed Anthony Kennedy, who was the Republican President Ronald Reagan's nominee for the Supreme Court, though Kennedy had been nominated in November 1987 to replace Lewis Powell who was nominated by Richard Nixon, and the vacancy had occurred in June 1987. On October 9, 1990, the Democratic-controlled Senate (55–45) confirmed President George H. W. Bush's appointee, David Souter, 90–9. On October 15, 1991, that same Senate confirmed Clarence Thomas, 52–48. Political commentators widely recognized Scalia

pos: 2003 Virginia elections of retiring Senator Leslie Byrne, who found her district leaning too far to the right to make a serious effort. This resulted in Republican control of the Senate by a 24 to 16 majority, a post-Civil War low for the Democratic Party. Party abbreviations: D - Democratic, R - Republican, I - Independent, IG - Independent Green, L - Libertarian Note: Only Senate districts that were contested by more than one candidate are included here. Previous to the election, Republicans controlled the House of Delegates with 64 seats, compared to the Democrats' 34 seats, and two seats held by Republican-leaning

neg: 2008 United States elections State Senate, and Governor's mansion were controlled by the Democrats for the first time since the Great Depression. Overall, the Democrats took control of six legislative bodies to the Republicans' four. Democrats took control of the Delaware House of Representatives, Montana House of Representatives, Nevada Senate, New York State Senate, Ohio House of Representatives, and Wisconsin State Assembly. Republicans took control of the Montana Senate; Oklahoma Senate, for the first time in state history; Tennessee House of Representatives, and Tennessee Senate. After the election, Democrats controlled both houses in the state legislatures of 27 states: Alabama, Arkansas, California, Colorado, Connecticut,

neg: Legal status of Salvia divinorum in the United States who was on the committee to study the salvia bill, said salvia should be criminalized. "I'd rather be at the front edge of preventing the dangers of the drug than waiting until we are the 40th or more," she said. The House bill number was HB 1363. It proposed including "Salvia divinorum" and salvinorin A on Florida's Schedule I list of controlled substances. There were also similar Senate bills SB340, and SB1612 proposed concurrently. On April 16, 2008, HB1363 passed the House, and advanced to the Senate floor. On April 23, 2008, the bill unanimously passed the Senate by a

neg: 35th Utah State Legislature 35th Utah State Legislature The 35th Utah State Legislature was elected Tuesday, November 6, 1962, and convened on Monday, January 14, 1963. Prior to the 1962 election which brought Republicans to power, Utah Democrats controlled one U.S. Senate seat, both U.S. House districts, the Utah Senate (14-11), the Utah House (36-28) and controlled the majority of County Offices (146-117). After the election, the balance of power shifted to Utah Republicans who controlled the State Senate (13-12), State House (33-31), both Congressional Seats, and one Senate Seat along with the majority of County Offices (133-130). Republicans also elected a Republican as

neg: William B. Allison Speaker of the House David B. Henderson. There is an imposing memorial to Allison by sculptor Evelyn Longman on the grounds of the Iowa State Capitol in Des Moines. Retrieved on 2008-02-14 William B. Allison William Boyd Allison (March 2, 1829 – August 4, 1908) was an early leader of the Iowa Republican Party, who represented northeastern Iowa in the United States House of Representatives before representing his state in the United States Senate. By the 1890s, Allison had become one of the "big four" key Republicans who largely controlled the Senate, along with Orville H. Platt of Connecticut, John

neg: 75th Oregon Legislative Assembly 75th Oregon Legislative Assembly The 75th Oregon Legislative Assembly convened beginning on , for its biennial regular session. All of the 60 seats in the House of Representatives and half of the 30 seats in the State Senate were up for election in 2008; the general election for those seats took place on . The results: Senate: Democrats 18 seats, Republicans 12 seats House: Democrats 36 seats, Republicans 24 seats Democrats took control of the Senate in the 2004 elections, and of the House in the 2006 elections. The Senate had been controlled by Republicans since 1997 and the House

neg: Reconciliation (United States Congress) was president for 20 of those 29 years). Since 1980, reconciliation has been used nine times when Republicans controlled both the House and the Senate, six times when Democrats controlled both the House and the Senate, one time when the Democrats controlled the Senate and the Republicans the House, and seven times when the Republicans controlled the Senate and the Democrats controlled the House. Reconciliation has been used at least once nominally for a non-budgetary purpose (for example, see the College Cost Reduction and Access Act of 2007, when a Republican was president and the Democrats controlled Congress). The 1986

neg: Legal status of Salvia divinorum in the United States Assembly passed Senate Bill 1006 which bans several drugs including "Salvia divinorum", salvinorin A, and divinorin A, and presented the bill to the governor. who signed it on June 23rd 2011. On February 13, 2008, Representative Chip Huggins (R) introduced House Bill 4687 to the South Carolina State Legislature. If enacted, this legislation would make "Salvia divinorum" and salvinorin A Schedule I controlled substances in that state. On April 10, 2008, the bill passed in the House (ayes: 101, nays: 4). The bill later died with the dissolution of the 2007-2008 legislative session. In February 2009, Representatives voted was 67-2

neg: 2014 United States elections election (82 percent of the total number of state legislative seats in the United States). Republicans won control of 10 legislative chambers: both chambers of the Nevada Legislature, the Minnesota House of Representatives, New Hampshire House of Representatives, the New Mexico House of Representatives, the West Virginia House of Delegates, the Colorado Senate, the Maine Senate, the New York Senate, and the Washington Senate. This increased the total number of Republican-controlled state houses from 57 to 67. The day after the election, Republicans, who achieved a 17-17 tie in the West Virginia Senate, gained control of that chamber as well

neg: Arctic Refuge drilling controversy contentious election cycles. The Republican-controlled House of Representatives again approved Arctic Refuge drilling as part of the 2005 energy bill on April 21, 2005, but the House–Senate conference committee later removed the Arctic Refuge provision. The Republican-controlled Senate passed Arctic Refuge drilling on March 16, 2005 as part of the federal budget resolution for fiscal year 2006. That Arctic Refuge provision was removed during the reconciliation process, due to Democrats in the House of Representatives who signed a letter stating they would oppose any version of the budget that had Arctic Refuge drilling in it. On December 15, 2005, Republican

neg: Theodore F. Green loyalty, perseverance, and the Great Depression won him election as governor in 1932. He served two terms (1933–1937). Before the General Assembly convened in January 1935, the Democrats controlled the House of Representatives, but Republicans controlled the Senate by a margin of 22-20. To gain control of the Senate, Green's ally, Lt. Gov. Robert Quinn, who presided over the Senate, refused to allow two Republican senators who were certified as elected to take office. A committee of three senators was appointed to recount the ballots for these two races. Behind closed doors the committee reviewed the ballots and then unanimously

neg: United States Trump, the winner of the 2016 presidential election, is serving as the 45th President of the United States. Leadership in the Senate includes Republican Vice President Mike Pence, Republican President Pro Tempore Orrin Hatch, Majority Leader Mitch McConnell, and Minority Leader Chuck Schumer. Leadership in the House includes Speaker of the House Paul Ryan, Majority Leader Kevin McCarthy, and Minority Leader Nancy Pelosi. In the 115th United States Congress, both the House of Representatives and the Senate are controlled by the Republican Party. The Senate consists of 51 Republicans, and 47 Democrats with 2 Independents who caucus with the Democrats;

neg: Pennsylvania Democratic Party former Secretary of Revenue of Pennsylvania. The party picked up a Senate seat in 2006 with the election of Bob Casey, Jr. Pennsylvania Democrats also briefly held both of the state's U.S. Senate seats following Arlen Specter's party-switch. However, Congressman Joe Sestak defeated Specter in the May 2010 primary, before losing the fall general election to former Congressman Pat Toomey. On the state legislative level, the party won a majority in the State House in 2006 and again in 2008. The party lost its majority in that chamber in the 2010 election. The State Senate has been controlled by the

neg: 2008 United States gubernatorial elections 2008 United States gubernatorial elections United States gubernatorial elections were held Tuesday, November 4, 2008 in 11 states and two territories. Prior to the election, eight of the total seats were held by Democrats and five by Republicans. Two governors were prohibited by term limits from seeking re-election in 2008. These elections coincided with the presidential election, as well as the elections of the United States Senate and the United States House of Representatives and many local elections, state elections and ballot propositions. Ruth Ann Minner was term-limited in 2008. As of 2008, Democrats had controlled the Delaware governorship for

neg: Idaho Legislature the Senate is composed of 6 Democrats and 29 Republicans. The House is composed of 11 Democrats and 59 Republicans. In terms of single party strength the Idaho Senate is tied with South Dakota for the third most Republican controlled senate in the nation behind Wyoming (27–3) and Utah (24–5). The Idaho House is tied with Utah as the second most Republican controlled lower house in the nation only trailing Wyoming (52–8). The Idaho Legislature normally convenes at the Idaho State Capitol in downtown Boise. The Legislature meets annually from January until mid-March, although sessions have been known to last

neg: Mary Brandenburg induce strong dissociative effects. It has a long continuing tradition of use as an entheogen by indigenous Mazatec shamans, who use it to facilitate visionary states of consciousness during spiritual healing sessions. Salvia's sale and possession is currently illegal in a number of other American states and some other countries. Brandenburg's House bill number was HB 1363. Lynn's Senate bill was SB340. There was also SB1612. All bills proposed including "Salvia divinorum" & Salvinorin A on Florida's Schedule I list of controlled substances. Brandenburg's bill was passed unanimously and became law on July 1, 2008. The bill provides an exception

neg: 2008 Iowa Senate election 2008. Candidate list and official results from the Iowa Secretary of State. 2008 Iowa Senate election The 2008 Iowa Senate election were held on November 4, 2008. The Senate seats for the twenty-five even-numbered districts were up for election. Senate terms are staggered such that half the membership is elected every two years, with each Senators serving a four-year term. Prior to the election, the Democrats were in the majority - marking the first time in 42 years that the Democrats had controlled both branches of the Iowa General Assembly and the Governor's Office. They expanded this majority by two

neg: 2008 Iowa Senate election 2008 Iowa Senate election The 2008 Iowa Senate election were held on November 4, 2008. The Senate seats for the twenty-five even-numbered districts were up for election. Senate terms are staggered such that half the membership is elected every two years, with each Senators serving a four-year term. Prior to the election, the Democrats were in the majority - marking the first time in 42 years that the Democrats had controlled both branches of the Iowa General Assembly and the Governor's Office. They expanded this majority by two seats in the 2008 elections. The election took place on November 4,

neg: 2018 Minnesota elections on August 14, 2018. The DFL has held all of Minnesota's executive offices since 2011 after Mark Dayton was elected governor in the 2010 gubernatorial election. They have held the office of attorney general since 1971 and the offices of secretary of state and state auditor since 2007. The Republicans have controlled the Minnesota House of Representatives since 2015 and the Minnesota Senate since 2017. The DFL has held both of Minnesota's U.S. Senate seats since 2009 when Al Franken defeated Republican incumbent Norm Coleman after a protracted recount following the 2008 election. Lieutenant Governor Tina Smith was appointed in

neg: Arkansas only elected three Republicans to the U.S. Senate since Reconstruction: Tim Hutchinson, who was defeated after one term by Mark Pryor; John Boozman, who defeated incumbent Blanche Lincoln; and Tom Cotton, who defeated Mark Pryor in the 2014 elections. Before 2013, the General Assembly had not been controlled by the Republican Party since Reconstruction, with the GOP holding a 51-seat majority in the state House and a 21-seat (of 35) in the state Senate following victories in 2012. Arkansas was one of just three states among the states of the former Confederacy that sent two Democrats to the U.S. Senate

neg: 15th Legislative Assembly of Puerto Rico and 1 PIP in the higher chamber of the 15th Legislative Assembly This is not the first time that the majority of the Legislature has been of a party different from the governor. In 1969-1972, the NPP controlled the House, the PDP controlled the Senate and the Governor was the late Luis A. Ferré (NPP). Between 1981 and 1984 the Governor was Carlos Romero Barceló (NPP) and the Senate from 1981 to 1984, and the House from 1982 to 1984, were controlled by the PDP. 15th Legislative Assembly of Puerto Rico The 15th Legislative Assembly of Puerto Rico meets from

neg: Legal status of Salvia divinorum in the United States Pawlenty on May 18, 2010, making sale a gross misdemeanor and possession a misdemeanor, effective August 1, 2010. Senator Hob Bryan (D) proposed adding "Salvia divinorum" to Mississippi's Schedule I list of controlled substances in January 2008. The bill sailed through the senate unopposed (Yeas 52, Nays 0), similarly through the House (Yeas 118, Nays 0), and was approved by the governor on April 15, 2008. The law became effective July 1, 2008. After the law had passed, it was reported that Attorney General Jim Hood was sending warnings to Mississippi business owners that it was no longer legal to

neg: 18th Arizona State Legislature of the previous Legislature who continued in office as members of this Legislature. 18th Arizona State Legislature The 18th Arizona State Legislature, consisting of the Arizona State Senate and the Arizona House of Representatives, was constituted in Phoenix from January 1, 1947 to December 31, 1948, during the fourth of Sidney Preston Osborn's four consecutive terms as Governor of Arizona. The number of senators and house members remained constant at 19 and 58, respectively. The Democrats controlled one hundred percent of the senate. while the Republicans gained four house seats, to a total of five. The Legislature met for the

neg: Legal status of Salvia divinorum in the United States to this stuff". There is little or no research evidence to support these views. In fact, the scientific consensus is mostly to the contrary. "Salvia divinorum" is not generally understood to be addictive. House Bill 2494 died in committee upon adjournment on June 28, 2007. The Pennsylvania General Assembly website indicates three salvia-related bills in the 2007-2008 Regular Session. These are Senate bill 710 (P.N. 781), House Bill 1379 (P.N 1951) and House Bill 1379 (P.N. 1726). The different bills were introduced by different bill sponsors, but all proposed adding "Salvia divinorum" to Pennsylvania's Schedule I listing of controlled substances.

neg: Bill Cadman sat on the House State, Veterans, and Military Affairs Committee, and on the legislature's Joint Computer Management Committee. Term-limited in the State House, Cadman filed to run for the Colorado Senate in the 2008 legislative elections, seeking the seat held by Senator Ron May who was himself term-limited. Upon May's resignation in October 2007, Cadman sought and unanimously won a vacancy appointment to May's seat in the Colorado Senate. He resigned from the State House on December 10, 2007, and was sworn into the Senate on December 11. He faced opposition in the 2008 election from Democrat Diane Whitley, but

neg: Maryland Senate Maryland Senate The Maryland Senate, sometimes referred to as the Maryland State Senate, is the upper house of the General Assembly, the state legislature of the U.S. state of Maryland. Composed of 47 senators elected from an equal number of constituent single-member districts, the Senate is responsible, along with the Maryland House of Delegates, for passage of laws in Maryland, and for confirming executive appointments made by the Governor of Maryland. It evolved from the upper house of the colonial assembly created in 1650 when Maryland was a proprietary colony controlled by Cecilius Calvert. It consisted of the Governor and

neg: 98th United States Congress 98th United States Congress The Ninety-eighth United States Congress was a meeting of the legislative branch of the United States federal government, composed of the United States Senate and the United States House of Representatives. It met in Washington, D.C. from January 3, 1983, to January 3, 1985, during the third and fourth years of Ronald Reagan's presidency. The apportionment of seats in the House of Representatives was based on the 1980 U.S. Census. The Republicans controlled the Senate, while the Democrats controlled the House of Representatives. This list is arranged by chamber, then by state. Senators are listed by

neg: Ohio state Senate is 1 Republican away from a super-majority. Following the 2000 census, Ohio lost one congressional district in the United States House of Representatives, which left Ohio with 18 districts, and consequently, 18 representatives. The state lost two more seats following the 2010 Census, leaving it with 16 seats for the next three presidential elections in 2012, 2016 and 2020. In the 2008 elections, Democrats gained three seats in Ohio's delegation to the House of Representatives. This left eight Republican-controlled seats in the Ohio delegation. Ohio's U.S. Senators in the 112th Congress are Republican Rob Portman and Democrat Sherrod

neg: Danny Martiny Danny Martiny Daniel R. Martiny, known as Danny Martiny (born June 27, 1951), is a politician and attorney from Jefferson Parish, Louisiana, who has served since January 14, 2008, as a Republican member of the Louisiana State Senate from District 10, based in the New Orleans suburbs. Since 2012, he has been the Senate Majority Leader. From 1994 to 2008, Martiny held the District 79 seat, also in Jefferson Parish, in the Louisiana House of Representatives. Term-limited in the House, Martiny ran for the Senate in the nonpartisan blanket primary held on October 20, 2007. Martiny polled 19,414 votes (68.9%)

neg: John L. Valentine and the Standing Senate Revenue and Taxation Committee. Valentine also Floor sponsored the following bills: John L. Valentine John Valentine is a former member of the Utah State Senate, who represented Utah's 14th Senate District from 1999 to 2014. Prior to being appointed to the Utah Senate he served in the Utah House of Representatives representing Utah's 58th House District from 1988 to 1992 and Utah's 59th House District from 1992 to 1998. Valentine served as the Utah Senate President from 2005–2008. On August 4, 2014, Valentine was appointed by Governor Gary R. Herbert to serve as Chair of the

neg: Governor of Indiana legislature have been divided with different parties controlling the House and Senate. Only five sessions have occurred where the legislature was entirely controlled by the opposition party, while in ninety-eight sessions the governor's party controlled the entire assembly. Governors who had previously been legislators have generally had greater success in achieving their legislative goals while governor. Three speakers of the house have become governor. Governor Joseph A. Wright had the worst relations of any governor with the assembly. He twice delivered speeches to a joint session where he harangued them for what he perceived to be corruption, accusing them of

neg: Department of Information and Communications Technology House of Representatives, a consolidated bill, House Bill No. 4300, was approved on third and final reading on August 5, 2008 and transmitted to the Senate on August 11, 2008. In the Senate, a consolidated bill, Senate Bill No. 2546, was approved by the Senate Committee on Science and Technology on August 19, 2008, but had not made it past second reading by the time Congress adjourned session on February 5, 2010, which means the bill is as good as dead. It will have to be refiled in both the House of Representatives and the Senate in the next Congress.

neg: United States Capitol subway system was replaced in 1993 by an automatic train. On the House side, an older, manned two-track system, with a single open-topped car operating on each track, shuttles passengers between the Rayburn House Office Building and the Capitol. On the Senate side, two separate subway lines exist. The first is similar to the one on the House side, connecting the Russell Senate Office Building and the Capitol. The other is a computer-controlled system with three trains of three cars each, connecting the Hart Senate Office Building, the Dirksen Senate Office Building, and the Capitol. The train cars are unpowered, the train

neg: Recess appointment Article II, Section 2, Clause 3, commonly known as the "Recess Appointment Clause", provides that, The Senate or House may seek to block potential recess appointments by not allowing the Senate to adjourn under , which provides that both Houses must consent to an adjournment. This tactic is especially used when either House of Congress is controlled by a different party than that of the President, the Senate or House may seek to block potential recess appointments by not allowing the Senate to adjourn for more than three days, blocking a longer adjournment that would allow recess appointments to be

neg: 2009 New York State Senate leadership crisis Majority Leader, while Smith remained Temporary President of the Senate. The appointment of Ravitch as Lieutenant Governor was eventually upheld by the New York Court of Appeals. The State Senate had been controlled by Republicans since 1965, but Democrats were able to win a majority in the 2008 elections. The change was helped by upstate Republican billionaire Tom Golisano, who had donated $5 million to the Democrats' campaigns. However, dissatisfaction with the job that Majority Leader Malcolm Smith was doing was growing with his fellow Democrats, as well as with Golisano. Golisano, with the aid of his political adviser Steve

neg: John L. Valentine John L. Valentine John Valentine is a former member of the Utah State Senate, who represented Utah's 14th Senate District from 1999 to 2014. Prior to being appointed to the Utah Senate he served in the Utah House of Representatives representing Utah's 58th House District from 1988 to 1992 and Utah's 59th House District from 1992 to 1998. Valentine served as the Utah Senate President from 2005–2008. On August 4, 2014, Valentine was appointed by Governor Gary R. Herbert to serve as Chair of the Utah State Tax Commission. John Valentine was born in Fullerton, California and graduated from Savanna

neg: James C. Jones Whigs rejected. The 13 Democrats in the state senate, who became known as the "Immortal Thirteen," refused to allow a joint session of the legislature (where Whigs, who controlled the House, would have a numerical majority) to choose the replacement senators, and Tennessee thus had no representation in the U.S. Senate for most of 1842 and 1843. Though the government was mostly gridlocked by the Immortal Thirteen during Jones's first term, it did manage to enact debt reform legislation in 1842. In the election of 1843, Polk canvassed the state extensively in hopes of taking back the governor's office, but

neg: William B. Allison William B. Allison William Boyd Allison (March 2, 1829 – August 4, 1908) was an early leader of the Iowa Republican Party, who represented northeastern Iowa in the United States House of Representatives before representing his state in the United States Senate. By the 1890s, Allison had become one of the "big four" key Republicans who largely controlled the Senate, along with Orville H. Platt of Connecticut, John Coit Spooner of Wisconsin and Nelson W. Aldrich of Rhode Island. Born in Perry, Ohio, Allison established a legal practice in Dubuque, Iowa and became a prominent member of the nascent Iowa

neg: Controlled Unclassified Information regarding the controlled unclassification process itself. In a similar previous effort, the U.S. House of Representatives passed the Reducing Information Control Designations Act, (), on March 17, 2009. The bill was referred to the Committee on Homeland Security and Governmental Affairs of the 111th Congress in the US Senate, but it was never passed by the Senate. The current doctrine, policy, and processes for Controlled Unclassified Information came out of a study and policy change proposal which originated within the Information Sharing and Collaboration Office of the Information Analysis and Infrastructure Protection Under Secretariat of the Department of Homeland Security

neg: Economic policy of Donald Trump is a multidecade trend that reduced the number of federally insured banks from 17,901 in 1984 to 7,357 in 2011" and this trend has continued through 2017. The Republican-controlled House passed the Financial CHOICE Act, an expansive rollback of the Dodd-Frank Act, on June 8, 2017. A less aggressive bill was approved by the Republican-controlled Senate on March 14, 2018. The House approved the Senate measure on May 22, 2018. The Federal Communications Commission (FCC) voted to repeal net neutrality regulations (the Open Internet Order) on December 14, 2017. This is expected to reduce the regulation of broadband (telecom) companies

neg: Nelson W. Aldrich Republican bosses of Rhode Island endorsed him for the US House of Representatives; he won and served one term, 1879 to 1881. In 1881 he was elected to the U.S. Senate by the Rhode Island legislature. He served in the Senate for 30 years from 1881 to 1911. He was the longest serving United States Senator from Rhode Island before the 36-year tenure of Claiborne Pell in the late 20th Century. By the 1890s, he was one of the "Big Four" key Republicans who largely controlled the major decisions of the Senate, along with Orville H. Platt of Connecticut, William

neg: 32nd Arizona State Legislature 32nd Arizona State Legislature The 32nd Arizona State Legislature, consisting of the Arizona State Senate and the Arizona House of Representatives, was constituted in Phoenix from January 1, 1975 to December 31, 1976, during the first two years of Raúl Héctor Castro's single term as Governor of Arizona. Both the Senate and the House membership remained constant at 30 and 60, respectively. The Democrats reversed the margin of control in the upper house, gaining an 18–12 edge in the senate, while they also made inroads in the Republican's majority in the house, although the Republicans still controlled the lower body

neg: New Hampshire General Court New Hampshire General Court The General Court of New Hampshire is the bicameral state legislature of the U.S. state of New Hampshire. The lower house is the New Hampshire House of Representatives with 400 members. The upper house is the New Hampshire Senate with 24 members. During the 2016-2018 session the New Hampshire General Court was controlled by the Republican Party, with a 14-10 majority in the Senate and a 216-176 majority in the House. In November 2018 Democrats won control of the New Hampshire General Court by winning a 14-10 majority in the Senate and a 233-167 majority in

neg: Elections in New York (state) by the Democrats, the Senate by the Republicans, and there was little change in membership in elections until those of 2008. As a result, decisions are taken when "three men in a room"—the Senate Majority Leader, the Speaker of the Assembly, and the Governor—agree. For many years the legislature was unable to pass legislation for which there was supposed to be a consensus, such as reforming the so-called Rockefeller drug laws. The Republicans controlled the State Senate from 1939 until 2008, with the exception of a brief period in 1965. However, in 2008, the Democrats won a narrow two-seat majority

neg: Northern Mariana Islands Senate Northern Mariana Islands Senate The is the upper house of the Northern Mariana Islands Commonwealth Legislature. The Senate consists of nine senators representing three senatorial districts (Saipan & the Northern Islands, Tinian & Aguijan, and Rota), each a multi-member constituency with three senators. In the November 2007 elections, the three senators up for re-election were all re-elected to another four-year term in the 16th and 17th Senate. The Covenant Party, which lost control of the House, entered into coalition with the Democrats and a lone Independent over the Senate's leadership and voting agenda. The CNMI Senate was controlled in 2016

neg: United States congressional conference committee To conclude its business, a majority of both House and Senate delegations to the conference must indicate their approval by signing the conference report. The authority to appoint conferees lies in the entire House, and the entire Senate can appoint conferees by adopting a debatable motion to do so. But leadership have increasingly exercised authority in the appointment of conferees. The House and Senate may instruct conferees, but these instructions are not binding. Conference committees can be extremely contentious, particularly if the houses are controlled by different parties. House rules require that one conference meeting be open to the public,

neg: Party leaders of the United States Senate recognition to speak on the floor of the Senate. The Majority Leader customarily serves as the chief representative of their party in the Senate, and sometimes even in all of Congress if the House of Representatives and thus the office of Speaker of the House is controlled by the opposition party. The Assistant Majority and Minority Leaders of the United States Senate (commonly called Senate Majority and Minority Whips) are the second-ranking members of each party's leadership. The main function of the Majority and Minority Whips is to gather votes on major issues. Because they are the second ranking members

neg: Roger Williams (American politician) again won all statewide office in 2008 and gained a seat in the United States House of Representatives but lost four seats in the Texas House of Representatives and county offices in populous Harris County. Late in 2008, Williams formed an exploratory committee to consider a run for the United States Senate seat held by fellow Republican Kay Bailey Hutchison of Dallas, who had formed her own committee to consider a 2010 race for governor of Texas. Williams considered a run for Senate in 2012 but decided to run for the U.S. House of Representatives instead. In June 2011, Williams

neg: Legal status of Salvia divinorum in the United States Mexico. HB336 passed in the House of Representatives and was sent to the Senate, where it died with a status of Action Postponed Indefinitely. On January 27, 2014, Senator Sue Wilson Beffort introduced Senate Bill 127 to the legislature, again seeking to add "Salvia divinorum" and salvinorin A to the list of Schedule I controlled substances in New Mexico. The bill was never voted on, and was given a status of Action Postponed Indefinitely. New Mexico's list of controlled substances is found in New Mexico Statutes, chapter 30, article 31, also known as the "Controlled Substances Act". Salvia is currently

neg: Steve King (Colorado legislator) 2012, King focused on addressing a number of important issues in Colorado: addressing technological changes for the Safe2Tell program, updating penalties for impaired driving, and focusing on correcting gun limitation laws. HB12-1064 would prohibit government and law enforcement from banning possession and use of firearms during a state emergency unless that weapon was being used for a crime. The bill, one of four gun bills proposed during session, passed on a party-line vote in the Republican-controlled House before being sent over to the Democrat-controlled Senate. In the Senate, it was introduced to the Senate State, Veterans, and Military Affairs Committee

neg: William O'Connell Bradley which went for Bradley and nine for Hardin. Bradley was inaugurated December 10, 1895. During his term, Republicans controlled the Kentucky House of Representatives, while Democrats controlled the Kentucky Senate. This led to infighting between the two houses of the General Assembly and between the General Assembly and the governor. On joint votes, such as the election of U.S. Senators, the parties were even with sixty-eight members each; two Populists were also members of the Assembly, one who supported the Democrats and another who supported the Republicans. In the first legislative session of Bradley's term, 75 bills were filed, including

neg: Iowa General Assembly on April 19, 2011 for the 2012 elections 85th General Assembly. The IGA convenes annually on the second Monday in January. , the Iowa Senate, House of Representatives and the Governor's office are all controlled by Republicans. Prior to the 2006 elections, Iowa had one of the most evenly divided state legislatures in the country, with a 25–25 split in the Senate and the House composed of 51 Republicans and 49 Democrats. Leaders in the Senate are President Charles Schneider (R), and President Pro Tempore Jerry Behn (R). Partisan Senate leadership includes Majority Leader Jack Whitver (R), and Minority Leader

neg: Political power in the United States over time the two Houses of Congress for 35 years, compared to 16 years for the Republican party over the last 100 years" Note: The following statistics consider 2001 as a year in which the Democrats controlled the Senate, although they did not control it for the entire year. The following statistics reflect the years each political party has controlled a majority in the Senate over the past 100 years (1916–2015). The following statistics reflect the years each political party has controlled a majority in the House of Representatives over the past 100 years (1916–2015). The following statistics reflect the years each

neg: Priscilla Owen a vacancy on the Fifth Circuit created by Judge William Lockhart Garwood, who had taken senior status on January 23, 1997. Senate Democrats immediately decided to block her nomination for two reasons. First, the Democrats were angry that two previous nominees that President Clinton had nominated to Garwood's empty seat, Jorge Rangel and Enrique Moreno, were never given hearings by the United States Senate during Clinton's second term because the Senate was at the time controlled by Republicans. Second, they considered her to be too conservative. As a result, the Senate Democrats, who controlled the Senate Judiciary Committee during the

neg: 2008 Delaware House of Representatives election on December 20, 2008 to fill the seat at which Tom Kovach gained the seat for the Republicans. Results of the 2008 Delaware House of Representatives election by district: 2008 Delaware House of Representatives election An election was held on November 4, 2008 to elect all 41 members to Delaware's House of Representatives. The election coincided with the elections for other offices, including U.S. President, U.S. Senate, U.S. House of Representatives, state governor and state senate. The primary election was held on September 9, 2008. Democrats regained control of the House after 24 years after gaining seven seats, winning 25

neg: Sharon Weston Broome the nonpartisan blanket primary held on October 24, 2015. Victory went instead to the Republican Billy Nungesser. From 2008 to 2016, Broome was the President Pro Tempore of the state Senate. In 2011, she was elected to her second full Senate term without opposition. Broome was succeeded in the state Senate by Regina Barrow, who had also followed her in the state House of Representatives. Barrow was succeeded in the House by Metro Council member Ronnie Edwards, who died of pancreatic cancer after only forty-four days of service. Both Barrow and Edwards were coincidentally born in Wilkinson County, Mississippi. From

neg: Gair Affair Sir Robert Menzies calling an early House election. Between 1963 and 1972, elections for the Senate and House of Representatives were held separately. The last half-Senate election was held on 21 November 1970, senators' terms commencing on 1 July 1971. Another half-Senate election had to be held in time for senators to commence their terms on 1 July 1974. Such an election could have been called for any time from early August 1973, but Whitlam was in no hurry. Although Labor controlled the House of Representatives with a 9-seat majority, it was 5 seats short of a majority in the

neg: Recognition of same-sex unions in Colorado inheritance, ability to designate a partner as retirement beneficiary, the ability to adopt the child of one's partner, insurance of partner, family leave benefits, responsibility of conservator, guardian, or personal representative. A later amendment to the bill added a religious exemption, specifying that no religious official would be required to officiate at a same-sex union ceremony. On March 24, the Democrat-controlled Senate passed the bill on a vote of 23–12, with all Senate Democrats and 3 Senate Republicans voting in favor. The Republican-controlled House defeated it in the Judiciary Committee on a 5–6 party line vote on March 31. Ferrandino

neg: United States Capitol subway system United States Capitol subway system The subway system of the United States Capitol in Washington, D.C., consists of three underground electric people mover systems that connect the United States Capitol to the House and Senate office buildings. The original subway line was built in 1909 to link the Russell Senate Office Building to the Capitol. In 1960, an operator-controlled monorail was installed for the Dirksen Senate Office Building. A two-car subway line connecting the Rayburn House Office Building to the Capitol was built in 1965. The Dirksen monorail, which had been extended to the Hart Senate Office Building in 1982,

neg: 2008 Zimbabwean general election ZANU-PF would win 137 House of Assembly seats and 41 Senate seats, that the MDC faction led by Tsvangirai would win 53 House of Assembly seats and 13 Senate seats, and that the MDC faction led by Mutambara would win 18 House of Assembly seats and six Senate seats. The survey was based on the views of 10,322 participants, and all of the country's wards were represented in the survey. Voting began at 7 am on 29 March and continued for 12 hours, with polling stations closing at 7 pm, although voters who were still in line at that point

neg: Michael Madigan 24 years with no prior record of problems; one observer called the fallout "nuclear war." Senate Republican Leader Frank Watson and House Republican Leader Tom Cross often met with Madigan, his Senate counterpart at the time Emil Jones, and Blagojevich in an attempt to referee disputes. In August 2008, Blagojevich stated that House Democrats who held City of Chicago jobs were fearful of voting in favor of his 2008 capital bill because they thought Madigan might be able to get them fired. Blagojevich told reporters: They fear their leader, Mr. Madigan, and if Mike Madigan tells them to vote a

neg: Senate of Bermuda — the constitution requires a 2/3 super-majority (i.e., 8 votes) for a constitutional amendment, requiring the support of both the government and opposition appointees. The presiding officer of the Senate is the President of the Senate. Carol Bassett, who has been a Senator since 2003, was elected President in 2008, the first woman elected to the office. She resigned the office in August 2017. The members of the Senate appointed in August 2017 were: The three Independents were: Government/PLP nominees: Opposition/OBA nominees were: Bermuda's Parliament was created in 1620, and originally had one house, the House of Assembly. Political parties

neg: Barbara Sears Barbara Sears Barbara R. Sears (born December 5, 1966) is a Republican politician who formerly represented the 47th District of the Ohio House of Representatives from 2008 to 2016. She served as the Majority Floor Leader in the Ohio House of Representatives. Her district included much of suburban Toledo, Ohio. Sears graduated from the University of Toledo in 1983. Currently, she lives in Monclova Township, Ohio. She has two sons. In 2008, Sears was appointed to the Ohio House to succeed Mark Wagoner, who had resigned to serve in the Ohio Senate. She won reelection in 2008 and 2010. In

neg: Mosby Perrow Jr. Resistance movement. Former Perrow Commission member George M. Cochran later recalled how, after four hours of debate, the House approved the House bill reported from the Education Committee 54 to 45, leading to final passage 54 to 46. On the Senate side, an anti-Perrow Commission majority controlled the Senate Education Committee, so Almond's allies employed a parliamentary device to permit the entire Senate rather than just that small committee to vote on the pupil assignment bill. To break a deadlocked Senate, however, supporters needed the tie-breaking vote of Senator Stuart B. Carter of Fincastle in Botetourt County. Carter had opposed

neg: 2008 United States presidential election in Hawaii However, the state reverted to form in dramatic fashion in 2008, with Barack Obama (who was born in Hawaii) winning the state in a landslide over Republican John McCain. During the same election, Democrats picked up one seat in the Hawaii House of Representatives and two seats in the Hawaii Senate, giving them a super-majority in the Hawaii state legislature with 45 out of 51 seats in the Hawaii House and 23 out of 25 seats in the Hawaii Senate. Barack Obama swept both of Hawaii’s two congressional districts easily. Technically the voters of Hawaii cast their ballots for electors:

neg: Woodrow Wilson White House, closely monitored by his wife, who insulated him from negative news and downplayed for him the gravity of his condition. Senator Lodge led the opposition to the treaty in the Republican controlled Senate; the key point of disagreement was whether the League would diminish the power of Congress to declare war. It proved possible to build a majority for the treaty in the Senate, but the two-thirds coalition needed to ratify was insurmountable. One block of Democrats strongly supported the Versailles Treaty; a second group supported the Treaty but followed Wilson in opposing any amendments or reservations. The

neg: Ohio 2004, losing an estimated 718,000 of their kind. The total now rests at 4,057,518 Ohioans. In total, there are 7,937,161 Ohioans registered to vote. In United States presidential election of 2008, then-Senator Barack Obama of Illinois won 51.50% of Ohio's popular vote, 4.59 percentage points more than his nearest rival, Senator John McCain of Arizona (with 46.91% of the popular vote). However, Obama won only 22 of Ohio's 88 counties. Since 2010, the Republicans have largely controlled Ohio state politics, including a super-majority in the state's House, a majority in the state Senate, the Governorship, etc. As of 2014, the