query: who is the person that serves legal documents

pos: Service of process is on the reservation unless the tribal council consents to permit service. In nearly every state of the United States, process servers are restricted from trespassing on property as a means of serving process. Such invasions, no matter how innocuous, are regarded as not only invalid, but illegal and may result in penalties for offenders. Gated communities and apartment buildings have created a difficulty for process servers; however, most are required to allow process servers to enter them. However, this fact may be overcome where the process server is in the direct employment of a law enforcement agency, such as

neg: Notary Notary A notary is a person licensed by the government to perform acts in legal affairs, in particular witnessing signatures on documents. The form that the notarial profession takes varies with local legal systems. Most common law systems have what is called in the United States a notary public, a public official who notarizes legal documents and who can also administer and take oaths and affirmations, among other tasks. In the United States, a signing agent, also known as a loan signing agent, is a notary public who specializes in notarizing mortgage and real estate documents. Although notaries public are

neg: Legal person on corporate campaign spending during elections. In Act II, Scene 1 of Gilbert and Sullivan's "The Gondoliers", Giuseppe Palmieri (who serves, jointly with his brother Marco, as King of Barataria) requests that he and his brother be also recognized individually so that they might each receive individual portions of food as they have "two independent appetites". He is, however, turned down by the Court (made up of fellow Gondolieri) because the joint rule "... is a legal person, and legal person are solemn things." Major legal factors affecting business Legal person A legal person (in legal contexts often simply person,

neg: Paralegal by overstepping the basic document preparation and engaging in what could be considered "unauthorized practice of law." Such document preparation is indeed cost-saving for those who truly want to represent themselves in a legal matter, but want to pay someone to create the required documents. If problems arise in the legal case, however, the person who hired the paralegal service needs to understand that there is typically no legal liability on the part of the paralegal service and that such institutions cannot be sued for legal malpractice. Again, the philosophy is that the person utilizing such service is representing himself

neg: Justice of the peace Commissioner cannot sign an Affidavit, in Ireland that function is performed by a Commissioner for Oaths. A justice of the peace (JP), according to the Ministry of Justice, is a person of unquestionable integrity who seeks to promote and protect the rights of the individual and helps to provide justice to persons in a particular community. Additionally, the JP serves as a justice in petty court sessions, attends juvenile court sessions, issues summonses, considers applications for bail, explains and signs legal documents, sits on licensing panels, and gives counsel/advice. Any Jamaican citizen that can speak and write English is eligible

neg: Elderly care legal incapacity is the use of "advance directives," powers of attorney, trusts, living wills and healthcare directives. The person who has such documents in place should have prepared them with their attorney when that person had capacity. Then, if the time comes that the person lacks capacity to carry out the tasks laid out in the documents, the person they named (their agent) can step in to make decisions on their behalf. The agent has a duty to act as that person would have done so and to act in their best interest. Elderly care Elderly care, or simply eldercare

neg: Alien (law) apply for a visa on arrival according to the Trans-Tasman Travel Arrangement. In Canada, the term "alien" is not used in federal laws and statues. Instead, the term "foreign national" serves as its equivalent and is found in legal documents. The Immigration and Refugee Protection Act defines "foreign national" as "a person who is not a Canadian citizen or a permanent resident". Permanent residents and Canadian citizens are not considered as foreign. The British Nationality Act 1772 regulated who was to be called a British subject. The Aliens Act 1905, the British Nationality and Status of Aliens Act 1914 and

neg: Legal document assistant through education, training or work experience, authorized to assist consumers representing themselves in legal matters by preparing and processing the necessary legal documents. A Legal Document Assistant, as defined by the California Business & Professions Code (Section 6400 (c)) is: "Any person who is otherwise not exempted and who provides, or assists in providing, or offers to provide, or offers to assist in providing, for compensation, any self-help service to a member of the public who is representing himself or herself in a legal matter, or who holds himself or herself out as someone who offers that service or has

neg: Legal secretary Legal secretary A legal secretary is a particular category of worker within the legal profession. In the practice of law in the United States, a legal secretary is person who works in the legal profession, typically assisting lawyers. Legal secretaries help by preparing and filing legal documents, such as appeals or motions. It is not unusual for a larger firm to place managerial duties on a particular legal secretary. Much like a paralegal, a legal secretary is responsible for locating relevant information for cases. This type of person would be called a "paralegal" in the UK. In the United Kingdom

neg: Nationality law of the People's Republic of China birth (Article 5). He may acquire additional nationality (nationalities) at birth through "jus soli", if born in a "jus soli" country; or from his other parent (if only one parent was a Chinese national) through "jus sanguinis"; or both. Article 5 is applicable to children holding Chinese Travel Documents, mostly children of birth tourists, and serves as the legal basis of these children's Chinese nationality. A person who was born in Mainland China, Hong Kong or Macau to one Chinese-national parent is a Chinese national at birth (Article 4). If his other parent is a non-Chinese national, he might acquire

neg: Documentation and Archive Foundation of the Vicariate of Solidarity type and use: Contains 45,000 legal files, each representing one person attended by the Vicariate of Solidarity or its predecessor. These documents are generally copies but in many cases they are unique originals and include habeas corpus files, extradition processes, investigations into torture, kidnap, murder and forced disappearances. It also includes complaints to international organizations. In total, there are more than 85.000 documents. Contains microfilm of confidential documents or documents from the Legal Information Centre that are more difficult to copy. Contains information about repressive action that occurred after 1984 and the legal action taken in these cases. There is

neg: Legal name Legal name Legal name is the name that identifies a person for legal, administrative and other official purposes. A person's first legal name generally is the name of the person that was given for the purpose of registration of the birth and which then appears on a birth certificate (see "birth name"), but may change subsequently. Most jurisdictions require the use of a legal name for all legal and administrative purposes, and some jurisdictions permit or require a name change to be recorded at marriage. The legal name may need to be used on various government issued documents (e.g., a

neg: Registered agent which the business entity is registered. The purpose of a registered agent is to provide a legal address (not a P.O. Box) within that jurisdiction where there are persons available during normal business hours to facilitate legal service of process being served in the event of a legal action or lawsuit. Generally, the registered agent is also the person to whom the state government sends all official documents required each year for tax and legal purposes, such as franchise tax notices and annual report forms. It is the registered agent's job to forward these suit documents and notices to the

neg: Siamese twins (linguistics) found in documents centuries old, many of which are legal doublets. So rather than a person "enunciating" a "narrative" or recollecting about a situation, a legal brief will instead declare that a person "deposes and says" something pertinent. Likewise, a person who bequeaths property habitually writes of their "heirs and successors" and not some alternative construct. While many Siamese twins are literal expressions (like "washer and dryer, rest and relaxation, rich and famous, savings and loan"), some are entirely figurative (like "come hell or high water, nip and tuck, surf and turf") or mostly figurative (like "between a rock and

neg: Legal secretary legal documents such as wills, divorce petitions and witness statements. A legal secretary should have excellent secretarial skills together with a knowledge of law and legal procedures. They must be computer literate and have a good standard of English. People can acquire the legal skills they need through training companies, local colleges or some law firms are willing to train people themselves. Legal secretary A legal secretary is a particular category of worker within the legal profession. In the practice of law in the United States, a legal secretary is person who works in the legal profession, typically assisting lawyers.

neg: Service of process Service of process Service of process is the procedure by which a party to a lawsuit gives an appropriate notice of initial legal action to another party (such as a defendant), court, or administrative body in an effort to exercise jurisdiction over that person so as to enable that person to respond to the proceeding before the court, body, or other tribunal. Notice is furnished by delivering a set of court documents (called "process") to the person to be served. Each jurisdiction has rules regarding the appropriate service of process. Typically, a summons and other related documents must be served

neg: German name widely known in public it can be added to the passport of that person (under the weaker legal status of "Künstlername") and be used instead of the original name in most situations. The same field in the passport also serves to show religious names, i.e. the new name somebody takes on when becoming a monk or nun. The academic degree of "Doktor" ("Dr.") and the academic title of "Professor" ("Prof.") are not part of the name in Germany but can be entered into an identity card or passport and are frequently used in documents and addresses. They are, however, often

neg: Kōan "official correspondence; documents; files" of a "gongfu" "government post"), which referred to a "public record" or the "case records of a public law court" in Tang-dynasty China. "Kōan/gong'an" thus serves as a metaphor for principles of reality beyond the private opinion of one person, and a teacher may test the student's ability to recognize and understand that principle. Commentaries in kōan collections bear some similarity to judicial decisions that cite and sometimes modify precedents. An article by T. Griffith Foulk claims "Gong'an" was itself originally a metonym—an article of furniture involved in setting legal precedents came to stand for such

neg: Notary public a universal requirement for document authentication. By contrast, outside North American common law jurisdictions, notarial practice is restricted to international legal matters or where a foreign jurisdiction is involved, and almost all notaries are also qualified lawyers. For the purposes of authentication, most countries require commercial or personal documents which originate from or are signed in another country to be notarized before they can be used or officially recorded or before they can have any legal effect. To these documents a notary affixes a notarial certificate which attests to the execution of the document, usually by the person who appears

neg: Capacity (law) to consent to medical treatment and otherwise handle their financial and other personal matters. If the afflicted person has prepared documents beforehand about what to do in such cases, often in a revocable living trust or related documents, then the named legal guardian may be able to take over their financial and other affairs. If the afflicted person owns his/her property jointly with a spouse or other able person, the able person may be able to take over many of the routine financial affairs. Otherwise, it is often necessary to petition a court, such as a probate court, that the

neg: Transgender rights birth) on legal documents and national ID cards. The person who wants to change the word "sex" for "gender" in the identity card shall present two witnesses to accredit the self-determination of the applicant. In October 2009, lawmakers passed the Gender identity law allowing transgender people over the age of 18 to change their name and legal gender on all official documents. Surgery, diagnosis or hormone therapy are not a requirement but a judicial permission is required. Applicants cannot request a second change for at least five years. Birth certificates are within the jurisdiction of the states, whereas marriage and

neg: Administrative scrivener Administrative scrivener Administrative Scriveners prepare legal documents such as filings with the national and local government. Administrative Scrivener are found in a variety of roles. Many specialize in immigration matters, wills, inheritances, motor vehicle registrations, Development approvals, articles of incorporation, company minutes, etc. Under the Administrative Scrivener Law, the types of documents that such professionals are authorised to prepare extends into the thousands, involving the aforementioned as well as attachments to administrative applications and contractual documents between corporate and private persons. The exception is when certain laws expressly designate a person in another capacity to prepare a legal document. Administrative

neg: Pornography in Europe to animal-welfare laws. BDSM is classified as an "illegal depiction of violence" ("olaga våldsskildring"). It is illegal for people under the age of 18 to act or pose for pornography in Sweden. Pornographic photographs and films depicting children are illegal even if the material was legal in the originating country. Pornography in Switzerland is defined by the Article 197 of the Swiss criminal code. The first alinea states that «"Any person who offers, shows, passes on or makes accessible to a person who is under the age of 16 pornographic documents, sound or visual recordings, depictions or other articles of

neg: Legal person specifically address the domicile of corporations. The term juridical person ("pessoa jurídica" in Portuguese) is used in legal science for designating an entity with rights and liabilities which also has legal personality. Its regulations are largely based on Brazil's Civil Code, where it is distinctly recognized and defined, among other normative documents. Brazilian law recognizes any association or abstract entity as a juridical person, but a registry is required through a Constitutional Document, with specifications depending on the category of Juridical Person and local law of state and city. Article 19(3) of the German Constitution sets forth: "Fundamental rights shall

neg: Criminal Law (Consolidation) (Scotland) Act 1995 made to him by the Attorney-General of the Isle of Man, Jersey or Guernsey acting under corresponding legislation. Section 28 sets out special powers of investigation which are available when a direction has been made. A person nominated by the Lord Advocate may require the person under investigation, or anyone else who may have relevant information, to answer questions or furnish information or provide documents relevant to the investigation. There is power to obtain a search warrant where documents are not provided or for other special reasons. There are also protections for information subject to legal professional privilege. Part V

neg: Japanese honorifics very formal speech, for referring to a person who is unfamiliar to the speaker, typically a person known through publications whom the speaker has never actually met. For example, the "-shi" title is common in the speech of newsreaders. It is preferred in legal documents, academic journals, and certain other formal written styles. Once a person's name has been used with "-shi", the person can be referred to with "-shi" alone, without the name, as long as there is only one person being referred to. It is common to use a job title after someone's name, instead of using a

neg: Deed poll support the obligation. "Poll" is an archaic legal term referring to documents with straight edges; these distinguished a deed binding only one person from one affecting more than a single person (an "indenture", so named during the time when such agreements would be written out repeatedly on a single sheet, then the copies separated by being irregularly torn or cut, i.e. "indented", so that each party had a document with corresponding tears, to discourage forgery). Deed poll A deed poll (plural: deeds poll) is a legal document binding only to a single person or several persons acting jointly to express

neg: United States Coast Guard Legal Division legal sufficiency, format, style, and publication of Coast Guard rulemaking documents and notices in the Federal Resgister and placement in the Code of Federal Regulations of all Coast Guard public regulatory documents and related rulemaking matters under the statutory authority of the Commandant of the Coast Guard. The office provides legal counsel, review, drafting assistance and other support services for all rulemaking activities by Coast Guard Headquarters and field managers. Serves as Legal Counsel to the Coast Guard Marine Safety and Security Council, which is the senior oversight body for Coast Guard rulemaking actions and provides Executive Secretary and administrative

neg: Memories (2013 film) the postmortem documents and the doctors who conducted it. Soon, Sam is seen making a breakthrough in the case. Another two kidnappings happen in the series, and all this leads to Sam's rough conclusion of the murderer (S.P.Sreekumar). The murderer is an eccentric person, has a limp in his feet, and either hates or loves women. The killer leaves certain clues inscribed by a sharp surgical knife on the chest of the victims. This serves Sam's thinking of what kind of person the killer is and who is his next target. Upon careful examination of the words inscribed in the

neg: LGBT rights in Bahrain about a Bahraini person assigned female at birth who, having undergone a sex change operation, was going to court in a bid to have his status as a man recognised in law. The lawyer had won a landmark case in 2005 where a Bahraini person assigned female at birth, aged 30, had the operation and was legally recognized as a man. The legal case was going through the Bahraini legal system until 2008 when the court granted the motion to allow the transsexual to change his legal documents and be recognized in his gender. As of 2014 Bahrain allows sex

neg: Legal deposit Legal deposit Legal deposit is a legal requirement that a person or group submit copies of their publications to a repository, usually a library. The requirement is mostly limited to books and periodicals. The number of copies varies and can range from one to 19 (in Poland). Typically, the national library is one of the repositories of these copies. In some countries there is also a legal deposit requirement placed on the government, and it is required to send copies of documents to publicly accessible libraries. In the year 2000, UNESCO published recommendations for the construction of legal deposit legislation.

neg: Company secretary their legal responsibilities. Company Secretaries are the company’s named representative on legal documents, and it is their responsibility to ensure that the company and its directors operate within the law. It is also their responsibility to register and communicate with shareholders, to ensure that dividends are paid and to maintain company records, such as lists of directors and shareholders, and annual accounts. In many countries, private companies have traditionally been required by law to appoint one person as a company secretary, and this person will also usually be a senior board member. Company secretaries in all sectors have high level

neg: Green card marriage Green card marriage A green card marriage is a marriage of convenience between a legal resident of the United States of America and a person who would be ineligible for residency but for being married to the resident. The term derives from the availability of permanent resident documents ("Green cards") for spouses of legal residents in the United States, where marriage is one of the fastest and surest ways to obtain legal residence. Marriages, if legitimate, entitle the spouse to live and work in the United States, as in most other countries. In the United States, 2.3 million marriage visas

neg: Provocation (legal) Provocation (legal) In law, provocation is when a person is considered to have committed a criminal act partly because of a preceding set of events that might cause a reasonable person to lose self control. This makes them less morally culpable than if the act was premeditated (pre-planned) and done out of pure malice (malice aforethought). It "affects the quality of the actor's state of mind as an indicator of moral blameworthiness". Provocation is often a mitigating factor in sentencing. It rarely serves as a legal defense, meaning it does not stop the defendant from being guilty of the crime.

neg: Provocation (legal) women as men's property; and maintains and justifies homophobia and discrimination against gays. Provocation (legal) In law, provocation is when a person is considered to have committed a criminal act partly because of a preceding set of events that might cause a reasonable person to lose self control. This makes them less morally culpable than if the act was premeditated (pre-planned) and done out of pure malice (malice aforethought). It "affects the quality of the actor's state of mind as an indicator of moral blameworthiness". Provocation is often a mitigating factor in sentencing. It rarely serves as a legal defense,

neg: Common-law marriage 1961" provides for marriage, but does not recognize 'common-law marriages'. Since midnight 9 January, 2018 same-sex marriage became legally effective throughout Australia. Canada does not have true common-law marriage (as in parts of the US), although common-law "relationships" are recognized for certain purposes across Canada. In Canada, the legal definition and many implications of marriage-like relationships fall under provincial jurisdiction. The term "common law" appears informally in documents from the federal government. Citizenship & Immigration Canada states that a common-law partner refers to a person who is living in a conjugal relationship with another person (opposite or same sex), and

neg: Connecticut Supreme Court Information Act requests for documents that track the status and history of legal cases in the Connecticut legal system until hearings for his successor Justice Peter T. Zarella were completed. Legislators speculated Sullivan delayed the publication of the court's opinion because he feared it might damage Zarella's chances of becoming Chief Justice. Both justices ruled in favor of the restrictions. Governor M. Jodi Rell rescinded Zarella's nomination to be Chief Justice after the "Courant's" revelation. After the "Hartford Courant" reported Sullivan's actions, it was revealed that fellow justice David M. Borden was the person who came forward with the information.

neg: Good faith estimate related entity in the same office that provides title insurance This is the charge for preparing the loan documents. Lenders often email the loan documents to the escrow company, which in turn prints them out and reviews them before signing. However, some title companies are owned by an attorney who will also draw certain legal documents for the buyer's closing. This is the cost of the notary. This is to have all of the legal documents surrounding this transaction notarized. When closing inside the title company office, there is usually no charge for this. Any legal charges associated with clearing

neg: Labour law in Bulgaria provides that in certain cases the minimum age may be lower as well (for example work in the circus or arts). An identity card or birth certificate serves as proof for the age of the employee. The employer may be natural or legal person. He has the so-called advisory and disciplinary power and has the right to give instructions to the employee. His duties are principally to ensure suitable working conditions and to pay remuneration. The employment contract is a written agreement between an employee who provides a service and another person, being an employer who provides the working conditions

neg: LGBT rights in Chile law. On November 28, 2018, President Sebastián Piñera signs and enact the law. On December 10, 2018, the law is published in the Official Gazette. In 1974, Marcia Alejandra Torres became the first person in Chile to legally change her name and gender on the birth certificate. Previously, in May 1973, Marcia was the first person in the country to undergo a sex reassignment surgery. Until 2018, in Chile there is no specific law in force that regulates a procedure, nor specific requirements, to achieve the change of legal gender in the documents. A legal process must be initiated before

neg: Software copyright in China be provided if they are less than 60 pages. Except for particular cases, there are no less than 50 lines and 30 lines in every page of program and documents respectively. Article 11 Applicant must submit following certifying documents: 1. Identity documents of the natural person, legal person, or other organization; 2. Written contract on copyright owner or project assignment paper if there are; 3. Proof of consent to modify original software from the copyright owner should be submitted, if the software is developed from the original one. 4. Proof of inheritance or endorsement certificate should be submitted by inheritor

neg: National Competitiveness Council (Philippines) The Executive Director of the Department of Trade and Industry - Center for Industrial Competitiveness serves as the NCC Secretariat. The ED is assisted by a nominee from the private sector staff who serves as the Operations Director. NCC sends updates on the Ease of Doing Business reforms to the IFC to be considered for the next release of the DB Report. Each update contains the description and impact of the reform together with its date of entry into force and legal basis when applicable, and the relevant documents necessary to validate these reforms. This year, the Municipalities Competitiveness Index

neg: Yo (Cyrillic) is common for a person who has one of these surnames to possess some legal documents (passports, identification cards, marriage and birth certificates, property ownership papers, etc.) where the name is written with an , and some that use the simple instead. In other situations, a child's birth certificate may have a and the parents' identity papers all have . On occasions such mismatches caused problems to citizens who receive inheritance or complete property transactions. Yo is the seventh letter of the Belarusian alphabet and the ninth letter of the Prešov Rusyn alphabet of Slovakia. In Belarusian and Slovakia Rusyn,

neg: Central Tibetan Administration living outside Tibet can apply at the CTA office in their country of residence for a personal document called the "Green Book", which serves as a receipt book for the person's "voluntary contributions" to the CTA and the evidence of their claims for "Tibetan citizenship". For this purpose, CTA defines a Tibetan as "any person born in Tibet, or any person with one parent who was born in Tibet." As Tibetan refugees often lack documents attesting to their place of birth, the eligibility is usually established by an interview. The Blue Book or Tibetan Solidarity Partnership is a project by

neg: Legal advice just an officer of the court. However, if it is provided by a lawyer or another person authorised by one of the front line legal services regulators, then this activity is included within their regulatory reach. With the advent of the internet, many services have been established to provide individuals the power to conduct their own legal research or prepare their own legal documents. As well, some companies offer answers to legal questions directly through their web services. Legal advice is distinguished from legal information which is the reiteration of legal fact. Legal information can be conveyed by a parking

neg: Al-Hajjaria Al-Hajjaria Al-Hajjaria Trust (Waqf or "property dedications")(Arabic: وقف الحجارية) refers to real estate in the suburb of Madinah. It was dedicated as a trust (waqf), which was incorporated in 1513, before becoming a landmark and used as legal reference for other properties in many court documents. These court documents are more than mere legal records; they also serve as historical preservation of the social and political circumstance of that period. Likewise, the record and history of the AlHajjaria Trust (Waqf) serves as a historical preservation as well. Al-Hajjaria Trust was composed of the "Big House" on Souk Road and the

neg: Practice of law terms, warnings regarding time requirements, and reminders about sending out preliminary notices within five to ten days of beginning work, when combined with its preparation of legal documents [in the manner described], constitute providing legal advice." Texas law generally prohibits a person who is not an attorney from representing a client in a personal injury or property damage matter, and punishes a violation as a misdemeanor. Some states also criminalize the separate behavior of falsely claiming to be lawyer (in Texas, for example, this is a felony). Criminal laws and enforcement of "Unauthorized Practice of Law (UPL)" statutes is the

neg: Law Society of Ontario Archives Law Society of Ontario Archives The Law Society of Ontario Archives collects and preserves records and other material that documents the history of the legal profession in Ontario. The Archives acquires and preserves records of permanent value to the Law Society of Ontario (formerly the Law Society of Upper Canada), the regulatory body for lawyers and paralegals in the province of Ontario. The Archives also accepts external donations of material that is significant to the legal profession in Ontario. The Archives serves as an information resource centre for Law Society staff, the legal profession, and the public. The bulk of

neg: Holograph Holograph A holograph is a document written entirely in the handwriting of the person whose signature it bears. Some countries (e.g., France) or local jurisdictions within certain countries (e.g., some U.S. states) give legal standing to specific types of holographic documents, generally waiving requirements that they be witnessed. One of the most important types of such documents are holographic last wills. The expansion of the concept of "holographic" or handwritten documents must include a discussion of the effectiveness of a document in accomplishing its intended purpose. Print media came into being as a solution to the problem of the sluggish

neg: The Elder Brother the offer — until he meets Angellina in person. He is instantly swept away by her, as she is with him; and he is inspired to defend his rights, knowing that he needs an estate to support a wife. He refuses to sign the legal documents that Brisac and Lewis have prepared, documents that would effectively disinherit him. Brisac and Lewis are both outraged at the failure of their plan. Brisac orders Charles out of his house, as Lewis does Angellina; but the young couple find refuge with Miramount. Angellina is at first concerned about her honor and reputation —

neg: Santa Casa da Misericórdia de Lisboa Santa Casa da Misericórdia de Lisboa The Lisbon Holy House of Mercy () is a Portuguese charitable organisation that, in modern times, serves also as the national lottery and off-course betting operator. In spite of its historical links to the Catholic Church, it is today a secular legal person in the public administrative interest, that is to say, a private legal person, recognised by the authorities as pursuing non-profit-making objects of public interest. The first of its kind (though many other local "Misericórdias" were established, throughout Portugal and its overseas colonies), it was established in 1498 by Queen Regent Eleanor

neg: Notary public will recognize the signature of a commissioner for oaths. A notary public is a lawyer authorized by the Attorney General. The fees are regulated by the Notary Public (Fees) Rules 1954. A commissioner for oaths is a person appointed by the Chief Justice under section 11 of Court of Judicature Act 1964, and Commissioners for Oaths Rules 1993. A notary public in New Zealand is a lawyer authorised by the Archbishop of Canterbury in England to officially witness signatures on legal documents, collect sworn statements, administer oaths and certify the authenticity of legal documents usually for use overseas. The Master

neg: Nordic Investment Bank namely the Agreement among its member countries and the Statutes, as well as the Headquarters Agreement concluded between NIB and the Government of Finland. These establish that NIB is the member countries' common international financial institution, having the same status as other legal persons conducting similar operations within and outside the member countries. Furthermore, the constituent documents stipulate that NIB has the status of an international legal person with full legal capacity, define the immunities and privileges of the Bank and its personnel and set out the structure for the governance of the Bank. NIB places great importance on its

neg: Legal financing To apply for legal financing, the plaintiff must complete an application form and provide supporting documents. As legal financing companies only recover their investment if the plaintiff recovers money from the funded lawsuit, the merits of the plaintiff's case must be strong, meaning that the plaintiff has a strong argument that the defendant is liable for the damages claimed in the lawsuit. The defendant in the case (the person or company being sued) must also have the ability to pay a judgment, whether by virtue of its own financial strength or through insurance coverage. The injured party's attorney must also

neg: Electronic court filing LegalXML ECF committee developed a "quick start guide", the "7 Steps to Electronic Filing with Electronic Court Filing 4.0". The guide provides information on the following topics: The LegalXML Electronic Court Filing Technical Committee serves as the primary source of documentation and support. Electronic court filing Electronic court filing (ECF), or e-filing, is the automated transmission of legal documents from an attorney, party or self-represented litigant to a court, from a court to an attorney, and from an attorney or other user to another attorney or other user of legal documents. The LegalXML Electronic Court Filing Technical Committee, a subcommittee

neg: Name change a woman's surname after marriage. A deed poll is a legal document that binds a single person to a particular course of action (in this case, changing one's name for all purposes). The term 'deed' is common to signed, written agreements that have been shown to all concerned parties. Strictly speaking, it is not a contract because it binds only one party and expresses an intention instead of a promise. 'Poll' is an old legal term referring to official documents that had cut edges (were polled) so that they were straight. People whose births are registered in England and Wales

neg: Testimony of the Evangelists rule" is not met by the gospel documents and that the force of Greenleaf's argument is thereby undermined. Packham argues that the ancient documents rule technically only applies to a limited genre of legal documents, such as wills and contracts and other specific legal instruments, to which the gospels do not belong. However, there are problems in Packham's argument. The Ancient Documents Rule is not limited to express legal instruments, but covers any type of documents. The criteria for the Ancient Documents Rule is simple and straightforward. According to legal authorities, documents of any type must meet three criteria in

neg: Stockholm School of Economics in Riga has to replace the President and take its responsibilities. Chief accountant is a part of the Student Association board, whose main responsibilities include taking care of timely payments, collecting invoices, checks and other documents. The accountant also provides information to the organizations and SA about available financial resources. Additionally, this person is responsible for contacting legal authorities such as State Revenue Service (VID) and Register of Enterprises. The Alumni Coordinator is the person who connects the Alumni Association and the Student Association. The Coordinator shares the information between current students and the Alumni, thus making sure both parties get the

neg: Archive Archive An archive is an accumulation of historical records or the physical place they are located. Archives contain primary source documents that have accumulated over the course of an individual or organization's lifetime, and are kept to show the function of that person or organization. Professional archivists and historians generally understand archives to be records that have been naturally and necessarily generated as a product of regular legal, commercial, administrative, or social activities. They have been metaphorically defined as "the secretions of an organism", and are distinguished from documents that have been consciously written or created to communicate a particular

neg: Estate agent Estate agent An estate agent is a person or business that arranges the selling, renting, or management of properties and other buildings. An agent that specialises in renting is often called a letting or management agent. Estate agents are mainly engaged in the marketing of property available for sale, and a solicitor or licensed conveyancer is used to prepare the legal documents. In Scotland, however, many solicitors also act as estate agents, a practice that is rare in England and Wales. The estate agent remains the current title for the person responsible for the management of one group of privately

neg: Practice of law representation of another person in litigation, are generally proscribed. Even in that area, many jurisdictions recognize exceptions for such matters as small-claims and landlord-tenant tribunals and certain proceedings in administrative agencies. Moreover, many jurisdictions have authorized law students and others not locally admitted to represent indigent persons or others as part of clinical legal education programs. . . . What is more controversial is out-of-court activities, particularly drafting of documents and giving advice, and whether that is considered to be unauthorized practice of law. Some states have defined the "practice of law" to include those who appear as a representative

neg: Daldal (TV series) person who applied him the job is trying to use him for something illegal. He leaves him and sleeps in a park. In Pakistan, Kamran is leaving for his flight to Qatar. He hands over some money to Hira because his mother doesn't even allow her to eat a decent amount of food. Sakeena scolds Kamran for not giving her money, but he ignores. In London Shuja cannot find a job and after meeting another Pakistani at a grocery store, he realizes to get a job you need legal documents. He is hopeless and realizes that coming here was a

neg: Directorate General of Immigration (Indonesia) by Indonesia. It is a two-year, 24-page document issued to persons permanently resident in Indonesia who cannot obtain travel documents from any other country. It is referred to in English variously as "Indonesian Passport for Aliens", "Indonesian Stateless Person Passport", or "Indonesian Stateless Travel Document". Directorate General of Immigration (Indonesia) The Directorate General of Immigration (Indonesian: "Direktorat Jenderal Imigrasi" abbreviated Imigrasi) is an Indonesian government agency under Ministry of Law and Human Rights (Indonesia) that serves the community in the field of immigration. To carry out the main task of Ministry of Law and Human Rights in the field of

neg: Title (property) rise to "perfect title," often referred to as marketable title. Legal and equitable title also arises in trust. In a trust, one person may own the legal title, such as the trustees. Another may own the equitable title such as the beneficiary. In countries with a sophisticated private property system, documents of title are commonly used for real estate, motor vehicles, and some types of intangible property. When such documents are used, they are often part of a registration system whereby ownership of such property can be verified. In some cases, a title can also serve as a permanent legal

neg: Genealogical certificate parents' names. There are also any changes listed in a genealogical certificate that have occurred since the birth of the child, such as adoption or name changes. Genealogical certificates were documents that reflected the actual descent of a person. For marriages a genealogical certificate was required since only it showed who the biological parents were. Since 2009, a "certified register printout of birth registration" is required upon marriage instead, which also contains information about the birth parents. This differs from the birth certificate, since the birth certificate only includes the legal parents, namely the adoptive parents. The biological fatherhood of

neg: Notary public to swear in witnesses. Notaries are prohibited from predating actions; lending notary equipment to someone else (stamps, seals, journals, etc.); preparing legal documents or giving legal advice; appearing as a representative of another person in a legal proceeding. Notaries should also refrain from notarizing documents in which they have a personal interest. Pursuant to state law, attorneys licensed in New Jersey may administer oaths and affirmations New York notaries are empowered to administer oaths and affirmations (including oaths of office), to take affidavits and depositions, to receive and certify acknowledgments or proof of deeds, mortgages and powers of attorney and

neg: Dumpster diving still technically belong to the person who threw them away (or to the waste management operator), and whether the taking of some items like discarded documents is a violation of privacy. In general a legal concept called abandonment of property covers this question of the subject of ownership of property that is disposed of. Discarded billing records may be used for identity theft. As a privacy violation, discarded medical records as trash led to a $140,000 penalty against Massachusetts billing company Goldthwait Associates and a group of pathology offices in 2013 and a $400,000 settlement between Midwest Women’s Healthcare Specialists

neg: Property abstract of title". While an abstract states that all of the public record documents concerning the property in question are contained therein, an opinion states the professional judgment of the person giving the opinion as to the vesting of the title and other matters concerning the chain of title. Many jurisdictions define the giving of an opinion of title as the practice of law, thus making it unlawful for a non-attorney to provide such an opinion. Property abstract A property abstract is a collection of legal documents that chronicle transactions associated with a particular parcel of land. Generally included are references

neg: Scrivener "Ortiz v. State of Florida", Ortiz had been convicted of possession of less than 20g of marijuana, a misdemeanor. However, Ortiz was mistakenly adjudicated guilty of a felony for the count of marijuana possession. The appellate court held that "we must remand the case to the trial court to correct a scrivener's error." In some circumstances, courts can also correct scrivener's errors found in primary legislation. Scrivener A scrivener (or scribe) was a person who could read and write or who wrote letters to court and legal documents. Scriveners were people who made their living by writing or copying written

neg: Notary public (United States) are not required; many people prefer them and as a result, most notaries have seals in addition to stamps. Notaries may administer oaths and affirmations to public officials and officers of various organizations. They may also administer oaths and affirmations in order to execute jurats for affidavits/verifications, and to swear in witnesses. Notaries are prohibited from pre-dating actions; lending notary equipment to someone else (stamps, seals, journals, etc.); preparing legal documents or giving legal advice; appearing as a representative of another person in a legal proceeding. Notaries should also refrain from notarizing documents in which they have a personal interest.

neg: French name both partners' surnames coexist with whatever usage name they choose. This distinction is important because many official documents use the person's maiden, or legal or true surname, rather than their usage name. People may also choose to use other names in daily usage, as long as they are not impersonating others and as long as their usage name is socially accepted. One example of this is the custom of actors or singers to use a stage name. However, identity documents and other official documents will bear only the "real name" of the person. In some cases, people change their real

neg: Ian Haney-López head of the NAACP Legal Defense and Education Fund, named Haney Lopez's New York talk as the "Best lecture on race and the law" for 2011. His previous books include "Racism on Trial: The Chicano Fight for Justice," which documents how police violence helped racialize and radicalize Mexican-American activists during the late 1960s, leading to the development of a non-white Chicano identity. Haney Lopez is best known for "White by Law: The Legal Construction of Race." This classic book explores judicial efforts to interpret the legal requirement, utilized until 1952, that one be a "white person" in order to gain

neg: Transgender rights in New Zealand people in the future when their academic record and degree is issued in another name, but changes have been made in the recent years to ease such barriers. The process for legally changing ones sex on legal documents differ depending on the type of document. To change sex on a birth certificate, the applicant must show that they have undergone medical intervention to give them the “physical confirmation” of their gender. In the past this has been interpreted as meaning that a transgender person who has not had gender reassignment surgery cannot change their sex on their birth certificate, but

neg: Certified copy owner of important documents (especially identity documents) giving up possession of those documents which might mean a risk of their loss or damage. It has some similarities to a notarized copy, which is a form used in some countries, and particularly in some States in the USA. A notarized copy is signed by a notary public (not to be confused with a notary in a civil law country). The certified copy is signed by a person nominated by the person or agency asking for it. Typically, the person is referred to as an authorised person. The person who is authorised

neg: Funeral Rule than caskets. U.S. persons, under The Funeral Rule, are not required to use a funeral home to conduct the viewing or visitation or funeral, however, there are many details and legal requirements, so it is a commonly accepted practice to use one. Funeral transfer service providers remedy the need for a funeral home while at the same time removing the obstacles that inhibit a lay person from performing the basic requirements of transportation, storage and documents preparation. The Funeral Rule allows for funeral homes to charge a basic service fee. Consumers who select to work with a particular funeral home

neg: Naming laws in the People's Republic of China legal matters, as the person is then known by the name given according to law, which opens the possibility for confusion where a personal name is exactly the same to a company or another person, such as during a court case or the creation of legal documents. Latin characters, numerals and other non-Chinese symbols are prohibited, as they do not constitute part of a Chinese name under government law. Only Chinese characters are permitted; however, characters which are unable to be input on computers are also disallowed. There are no limits on the number of characters used, as this may

neg: Place of birth Place of birth The place of birth (POB) or birth place is the place where a person was born. This place is often used in legal documents, together with name and date of birth, to uniquely identify a person. As a general rule with respect to passports, the place of birth is determined to be country that currently has "sovereignty" over the actual place of birth regardless of when the birth actually occurred. The place of birth is not necessarily the place where the parents of the new baby live. If the baby is born in a hospital in another

neg: De-Mail De-Mail De-Mail is a German E-Government communications service that makes it possible to exchange legal electronic documents between citizens, agencies, and businesses over the Internet. The project called Bürgerportal is realized by the German government in cooperation with private business partners in an effort to reduce communication costs of administration and companies. The project was announced in 2008 and has been accepted by Bundestag and Bundesrat in early 2011. The De-Mail law (which serves as the legal basis for the service) went into effect on May 2, 2011. With the introduction of De-Mail the German legislation implements the EU Directive

neg: De-Mail accredited as De-Mail providers In the process of accreditation are: De-Mail De-Mail is a German E-Government communications service that makes it possible to exchange legal electronic documents between citizens, agencies, and businesses over the Internet. The project called Bürgerportal is realized by the German government in cooperation with private business partners in an effort to reduce communication costs of administration and companies. The project was announced in 2008 and has been accepted by Bundestag and Bundesrat in early 2011. The De-Mail law (which serves as the legal basis for the service) went into effect on May 2, 2011. With the

neg: And/or And/or And/or (also and or) is a grammatical conjunction used to indicate that one or more of the cases it connects may occur. For example, the sentence "He will eat cake, pie, and/or brownies" indicates that although the person may eat any of the three listed desserts, the choices are not mutually exclusive; the person may eat one, two, or all three of the choices. It is used as an inclusive "or" (as in logic and mathematics), while an "or" in spoken language might be inclusive or exclusive. "And/or" has been used in official, legal and business documents since the

neg: Next friend Next friend In common law, a next friend (Legal English prochein ami) is a person who represents another person who is under disability or otherwise unable to maintain a suit on his or her own behalf and who does not have a legal guardian. In England and Wales they are known as litigation friends. When a relative who is next of kin acts as a next friend for a person, that person is sometimes instead described as the natural guardian of the person. A next friend has full power over the proceedings in the action as if he or she

neg: Escheat Escheat Escheat is a common law doctrine that transfers the real property of a person who died without heirs to the Crown or state. It serves to ensure that property is not left in "limbo" without recognized ownership. It originally applied to a number of situations where a legal interest in land was destroyed by operation of law, so that the ownership of the land reverted to the immediately superior feudal lord. The term "escheat" derives ultimately from the Latin "ex-cadere", to "fall-out", via mediaeval French "escheoir". The sense is of a feudal estate in land falling-out of the possession

neg: Legal research in the United States particular case. Because cases cite to related cases, citators can be used to find cases which are on the same topic. A common research strategy is to use "one good case" to find related cases. Legal forms can be some of the hardest documents to find because one person may call a form by one name while another person knows it by an entirely different name (neither of which may be the actual, official name of the form). The same form may be known by a different name in a different jurisdiction. Law libraries often have many sets of formbooks

neg: Victimology procedure must be initiated. Secondly, there must be information that suggests as the result of the offence the person was harmed. Thirdly, the person who experienced the harm must agree to become a victim within the criminal proceedings. Fourthly and finally, the person in charge of the criminal proceedings must recognise that the person is a victim. Once these four steps take place, and the person is established as a victim, the victim gains victim rights. Victims of crime in Latvia have access to legal aid. Legal aid is often unaffordable to victims however, as although expenses for legal assistance

neg: Legal information retrieval on full text legal documents have been shown to have an average recall rate as low as 20 percent, meaning that only 1 in 5 relevant documents are actually retrieved. In that case, researchers believed that they had retrieved over 75% of relevant documents. This may result in failing to retrieve important or precedential cases. In some jurisdictions this may be especially problematic, as legal professionals are ethically obligated to be reasonably informed as to relevant legal documents. Legal Information Retrieval attempts to increase the effectiveness of legal searches by increasing the number of relevant documents (providing a high recall

neg: Mugar Memorial Library of Jerusalem, can only be found at Boston University, Princeton University, and at the California Institute of Technology where the Einstein Papers Project is now located. The Samuel M. Fineman Law Library and the Pappas Law Library provides scholarly resources, collections and services to support the research needs of the students and faculty at Boston University School of Law as well as other legal researchers at Boston University. The law library contains federal and state primary legal materials; major serials, treatises and other secondary materials; legal documents and reports and international law materials. The Alumni Medical Library serves as the

neg: Natural person crimes. Natural person In jurisprudence, a natural person is a person (in legal meaning, i.e., one who has its own legal personality) that is an individual human being, as opposed to a legal person, which may be a private (i.e., business entity or non-governmental organization) or public (i.e., government) organization. Historically, a human being was not necessarily a natural person in some jurisdictions where slavery existed (subject of a property right) rather than a person. In many cases, fundamental human rights are implicitly granted only to natural persons. For example, the Nineteenth Amendment to the United States Constitution, which states

neg: Natural person Natural person In jurisprudence, a natural person is a person (in legal meaning, i.e., one who has its own legal personality) that is an individual human being, as opposed to a legal person, which may be a private (i.e., business entity or non-governmental organization) or public (i.e., government) organization. Historically, a human being was not necessarily a natural person in some jurisdictions where slavery existed (subject of a property right) rather than a person. In many cases, fundamental human rights are implicitly granted only to natural persons. For example, the Nineteenth Amendment to the United States Constitution, which states a

neg: Person having ordinary skill in the art Person having ordinary skill in the art A person having ordinary skill in the art (abbreviated PHOSITA), a person of (ordinary) skill in the art (POSITA or PSITA), a person skilled in the art, a skilled addressee or simply a skilled person is a legal fiction found in many patent laws throughout the world. This fictional person is considered to have the normal skills and knowledge in a particular technical field, without being a genius. He or she mainly serves as a reference for determining, or at least evaluating, whether an invention is non-obvious or not (in U.S. patent law),

neg: Youth Criminal Justice Act be included with appearance notices or summons, arrest warrants, promises to appear, in all notifications of sentence review and also with all undertakings or recognisance that the young person may participate in under the auspices of the officer in charge. It must also be included with other notifications of legal proceedings such as custody continuations, conditional supervision, decision reviews and all youth justice court reviews. The repetition of the document serves as a reminder not only to the young person, but also to those within the judicial system that it is necessary to protect the rights of the young person

neg: The Judge Advocate General's Legal Center and School a Brigadier General who serves as the Commander/Commandant, a Colonel as the Chief of Staff/XO, a Warrant Officer (United States) who serves as the Senior Warrant Officer Advisor for the LCS, a Command Sergeant Major who serves as the Senior Enlisted Advisor for the LCS and also as the Commandant of the Noncommissioned Officer Academy and a government civilian who serves as the Executive Director. The School is led by a Colonel who serves as the Dean and the Center is led by a Colonel who serves as the Legal Center Director. The school's five academic departments are led by

neg: BOC-3 BOC-3 A BOC-3 is a United States federal filing that designates legal agents upon which process may be served. It pertains mostly to individuals or companies in the transportation and logistics industry, and it is often required before certain federal operating authorities can be granted within the United States. BOC stands for "blanket of coverage" and it typically assigns a person or business in each of the 50 US states to receive and forward legal documents. Process service agencies are third-party companies capable of granting BOC-3 filings. Process service agencies must employ or lease the services of individuals or entities

neg: Legal professional privilege which form the subject of all judicial proceedings. If the privilege did not exist at all, every one would be thrown upon his own legal resources, deprived of professional assistance, a man would not venture to consult any skilful person, or would only dare tell his counsellor half his case"." In England and Wales, the rules on legal professional privilege are set out in common law. The Civil Procedure Rules 1998 ('CPR') Rule 31.15 establishes a right to inspect documents in civil litigation, and provide that a party to whom a document has been disclosed (i.e. mentioned or relied upon

neg: Transnational child protection and all legal remedies are exhausted, the country of destination is authorised to share limited personal data with the authorities of the country of origin in order to facilitate return. This may be necessary when the person has no valid identity documents. The fact that the person has applied for asylum must however not be disclosed to the authorities in the country of origin. Best interests’ assessments and determination processes use the knowledge and perspectives from different professional groups in order to achieve a holistic understanding of the child’s situation and background. With the child at the center, officials and

neg: Freedom of religion in Syria not even be felt by the closest family members." This can be construed as a condemnation of publicly announcing a change in religion; although no case exists of a person being charged for publicly converting to a different religion. However, an apostate from a religion has no legal right to speak about or act upon his or her new belief. The word "private" means the forum internum of a person. This interpretation approach is also reflected, for instance, in the general inability to change a Muslim's birth certificate or other personal documents. Moreover, it is a generally accepted practice that

neg: Teleadministration Teleadministration Teleadministration is based on the concept that documents in electronic format have legal value. Administrative informatics is not new, but for many years it was merely Information Technology applied to legal documents, that is, the reproduction of paper-based legal documents into electronic file systems. Instead, Teleadministration turns this approach into its head. It is based on research conducted in 1978, the year when, at a conference promoted by the Court of Cassation, launched the then-futuristic idea that an electronic document could have legal value. 1978 was also the year in which the first research on digital signatures (RSA) was

neg: Legal writing office, a lawyer might borrow from other lawyers' texts without attribution, in using a well-phrased, successful argument made in a previous brief. Plagiarism is strictly prohibited in academic work, especially in law review articles, seminar papers, and similar writings intended to reflect the author's original thoughts. The drafting of legal documents such as contracts is different as, unlike in most other legal writing categories, it is common to use language and clauses that are derived from form books, legal opinions and other documents without attribution. Lawyers use forms documents when drafting documents such as contracts, wills, and judgments. The key

neg: LGBT rights in Venezuela whether the parents are biological or not. Venezuelan law does not allow transgender people to change their name and legal gender on official documents. In September 2016, the Administrative Service of Identification and Migration Affairs (SAIME), through a petition by the Public Ministry, announced that transgender people may request a new identity card according to their gender identity. The photograph on the identity card will be adequate to the gender that manifests the person, regardless of biological sex. The Military Justice Code, in force since 1998, bans same-sex sexual activity. Article 565 states "The official who commits acts that affront

neg: Seal (East Asia) seals in public documents. In 2008, the Constitutional Court of South-Korea upheld a Supreme court judgement that a signed and handwritten will which lacked a registered seal was invalid. Personal seals ("dojang" in general reference) in Korea can be classified by their legal status. "Ingam" (인감, 印鑑) or "sirin" (실인, 實印), meaning registered seal, is the seal which is registered to local office. By registering the seal, a person can issue a "certificate of seal registration" ("ingam-jungmyeong-seo" (인감증명서, 印鑑證明書) in Korean) which is a required document for most significant business transactions and civil services. The legal system of registered seals

neg: Legal guardian Legal guardian A legal guardian is a person who has the legal authority (and the corresponding duty) to care for the personal and property interests of another person, called a ward. Guardians are typically used in three situations: guardianship for an incapacitated senior (due to old age or infirmity), guardianship for a minor, and guardianship for developmentally disabled adults. A guardianship for an incapacitated senior will typically arise where someone determines that a senior has become unable to care for their own person and/or property. In some cases, there may be a belief that the senior is being financially exploited

neg: Iraqi Local Governance Law Library repository of original legal documents in Arabic with the best available translations in English. It is expected to serve the needs of Iraqi and foreign legislative and legal experts who need convenient access to an authoritative repository of legal documents which define the relationship between national and sub-national governments in Iraq. Additions to the library of the growing body of legal documents being published by the provinces in gazettes will also enhance the collection and strengthen the provinces. The intended audiences for the online library as follows: The target audiences include members of provincial government engaged in drafting laws, decisions,