query: when was the capital of india transferred from calcutta to delhi

pos: New Delhi entities, with New Delhi forming a small part of Delhi. The National Capital Region is a much larger entity comprising the entire NCT along with adjoining districts in neighboring states. Calcutta (now Kolkata) was the capital of India during the British Raj, until December 1911. Calcutta had become the centre of the nationalist movements since the late nineteenth century, which led to the Partition of Bengal by then Viceroy of British India, Lord Curzon. This created massive political and religious upsurge including political assassinations of British officials in Calcutta. The anti-colonial sentiments amongst the public led to complete boycott of

pos: Rashtrapati Bhavan it is the largest residence of any head of state in the world. This decision to build a residence in New Delhi for the British Viceroy was taken after it was decided during the Delhi Durbar in December 1911 that the capital of India would be relocated from Calcutta to Delhi. When the plan for a new city, New Delhi, adjacent to end south of Old Delhi, was developed after the Delhi Durbar, the new palace for the Viceroy of India was given an enormous size and prominent position. About 4,000 acres of land was acquired to begin the construction

pos: New Delhi is in the centre of northern India. The land for building the new city of Delhi was acquired under the Land Acquisition Act 1894. During the Delhi Durbar on 12 December 1911, George V, then Emperor of India, along with Queen Mary, his consort, made the announcement that the capital of the Raj was to be shifted from Calcutta to Delhi, while laying the foundation stone for the Viceroy's residence in the Coronation Park, Kingsway Camp. The foundation stone of New Delhi was laid by King George V and Queen Mary at the site of Delhi Durbar of 1911 at

pos: George V to cheer. Later in 1911, the King and Queen travelled to India for the Delhi Durbar, where they were presented to an assembled audience of Indian dignitaries and princes as the Emperor and Empress of India on 12 December 1911. George wore the newly created Imperial Crown of India at the ceremony, and declared the shifting of the Indian capital from Calcutta to Delhi. He was the only Emperor of India to be present at his own Delhi Durbar. They travelled throughout the sub-continent, and George took the opportunity to indulge in big game hunting in Nepal, shooting 21 tigers,

pos: Kingsway Camp be shifted from Calcutta to Delhi, subsequently on 15 December 1911, they laid the foundation stone for Viceroy's residence, and New Delhi here, which was subsequently shifted to its present location on Raisina Hill near Rashtrapati Bhavan (President's House). The newly appointed emperors of the British Raj were stationed at Kingsway Camp. Since the Kings had to pass through this route, it was named "Kingsway Camp", meaning the "Way Of the King". In 1910s, a steam generation power plant was established here by the government, which was later shifted to Raj Ghat area around 1931, when the capital of India

pos: Coronation Park, Delhi originated in Delhi, stand arranged in a semicircle around the King's statue. They are thought to be those of Sir Guy Fleetwood Wilson and Viceroys Lord Willingdon, Lord Irwin and Lord Hardinge. However, there are no inscriptions indicating the names of the other individuals depicted here. The park is enclosed by high steel fencing, whose well guarded entrance gate has a plaque which proclaims:"This memorial was erected to commemorate the Coronation Durbar of King George V and Queen Mary held in December 1911. On this occasion the King announced the transfer of the capital of British India from Calcutta to

neg: Victoria Memorial, Kolkata for the Calcutta tercentenary". The Calcutta gallery concept was agreed and a design was developed leading to the opening of the gallery in 1992. The Calcutta gallery houses a visual display of the history and development of Calcutta from [[Job Charnock]] (1630–1692) of the English [[East India Company]] to 1911, when the capital of India was transferred to New Delhi. The gallery also has a life-size [[diorama]] of [[Chitpur]] road in the late 1800s. The gardens at the Victoria memorial are covered of . They are maintained by a team of 21 gardeners. They were designed by Redesdale and David

neg: Governor-General of India that ‘India should be governed from a palace, not from a country house’, constructed a grand mansion, known as Government House, between 1799 and 1803. The mansion remained in use until the capital moved from Calcutta to Delhi in 1912. Thereafter, the Lieutenant Governor of Bengal, who had hitherto resided in Belvedere House, was upgraded to a full Governor and transferred to Government House. Now, it serves as the residence of the Governor of the Indian state of West Bengal, and is referred to by its Bengali name Raj Bhavan. After the capital moved from Calcutta to Delhi, the Viceroy

neg: Delhi as the emperor. In 1803, during the Second Anglo-Maratha War, the forces of British East India Company defeated the Maratha forces in the Battle of Delhi. During the Indian Rebellion of 1857, Delhi fell to the forces of East India Company after a bloody fight known as the Siege of Delhi. The city came under the direct control of the British Government in 1858. It was made a district province of the Punjab. In 1911, it was announced that the capital of British held territories in India was to be transferred from Calcutta to Delhi. The name "New Delhi" was

neg: President's Bodyguard unit was re-organized twice in 1895 & 1938 there was no change in its title. It also retained its title throughout its existence until 1947, when it was disbanded. In 1865, it had Mahratta troopers only from SMH but later Sikhs, Deccani Muslims and Punjabi Muslims also served in the unit. In 1912, the capital of India was transferred from Calcutta to Delhi & the Viceroy, along with Governor General's Body Guard, moved to Delhi and Bengal got the status of the Presidency just like Bombay & Madras. At that time, Capt. Rivers Berney Worgan of 20th Deccan Horse raised

neg: Ethnic groups in Delhi However, being a historical capital and prominent city, Delhi has always attracted a large number of immigrants. When the capital of British India was shifted from Calcutta to Delhi, a substantial number of government personnel, especially from the Bengal, migrated to Delhi. Following the partition of India in 1947, a large number of people migrated to Delhi. These included a large number of Punjabis (with a relatively small number of Sindhis), which led to the characterisation of Delhi as a "Punjabi city". According to the first census right after partition, the 1951 census, Delhi had a total population of 1,744,072

neg: New Delhi British goods, which forced the colonial government to reunite Bengal and immediately shift the capital to New Delhi. Old Delhi had served as the political and financial centre of several empires of ancient India and the Delhi Sultanate, most notably of the Mughal Empire from 1649 to 1857. During the early 1900s, a proposal was made to the British administration to shift the capital of the British Indian Empire, as India was officially named, from Calcutta on the east coast, to Delhi. The Government of British India felt that it would be logistically easier to administer India from Delhi, which

neg: University of Delhi founded in 1917, which were subsequently affiliated to the university. The university initially had two faculties (Arts and Science) and approximately 750 students. The seat of power in British India had been transferred from Calcutta to Delhi in 1911. The Viceregal Lodge Estate became the residence of the Viceroy of India until October 1933, when it was given to the University of Delhi. Since then, it has housed the office of the vice-chancellor and other offices. When Sir Maurice Gwyer came to India in 1937 to serve as Chief Justice of British India, he became the Vice-Chancellor of the University

neg: Kolkata Calcutta in 1756, and the East India Company retook it the following year. In 1793 the East India company was strong enough to abolish Nizamat (local rule), and assumed full sovereignty of the region. Under the company rule, and later under the British Raj, Calcutta served as the capital of British-held territories in India until 1911, when its perceived geographical disadvantages, combined with growing nationalism in Bengal, led to a shift of the capital to New Delhi. Calcutta was the centre for the Indian independence movement; it remains a hotbed of contemporary state politics. Following Indian independence in 1947, Kolkata,

neg: Delhi conspiracy case Delhi conspiracy case The Delhi Conspiracy case, also known as the Delhi-Lahore Conspiracy, refers to a conspiracy in 1912 to assassinate the then Viceroy of India, Lord Hardinge, on the occasion of transferring the capital of British India from Calcutta to New Delhi. Hatched by the Indian revolutionary underground in Bengal and Punjab and headed by Rashbehari Bose, the conspiracy culminated on the attempted assassination on 23 December 1912 when a homemade bomb was thrown into the Viceroys's Howdah when the ceremonial procession moved through the Chandni Chowk suburb of Delhi. Although injured in the attempt, the Viceroy escaped with

neg: Belvedere Estate Belvedere Estate The Belvedere Estate consists of Belvedere House and the grounds surrounding it, in which the National Library of India is housed, since 1948. It is located in Alipore, near the zoo, in Calcutta. Belvedere House was the former palace for the Viceroy of India and later the Governor of Bengal. The Governor-General resided in Belvedere House, Calcutta until the early nineteenth century, when Government House (present Raj Bhavan) was constructed. In 1854, after the Governor-General moved out, the Lieutenant-Governor of Bengal took up residence in Belvedere House. When the capital moved from Calcutta to Delhi in 1912, the

neg: History of Delhi and their other territories, ending the short-lived rebellion. This also marked the beginning of direct British Rule in India. In 1911, the capital of British India was shifted from Calcutta to New Delhi, the last inner city of Delhi designed by Edwin Lutyens. After India's Independence from the British, New Delhi became the capital of the newly formed Republic of India. It is popularly said that Delhi was the site for a total of seven different cities between 3000 BCE and the 17th century BCE, although taking smaller towns and strongholds into account, as many as 15 settlements can be

neg: Revolutionary movement for Indian independence the murder of Shamsul Alam. Thanks to Bagha Jatin's new policy of a decentralised federated action, most of the accused were released in 1911. The Delhi Conspiracy case, also known as the Delhi-Lahore Conspiracy, hatched in 1912, planned to assassinate the then Viceroy of India, Lord Hardinge, on the occasion of transferring the capital of British India from Calcutta to New Delhi. Involving revolutionary underground in Bengal and headed by Rashbehari Bose along with Sachin Sanyal, the conspiracy culminated on the attempted assassination on 23 December 1912 when a home-made bomb was thrown into the Viceroys's Howdah when the ceremonial

neg: Bengali Hindus which effectively made the Bengali Hindus a minority in the united province of Bengal. The Britishers also transferred the capital from Calcutta to New Delhi. The revolutionary movement gained momentum after the Partition. Bengali revolutionaries collaborated with the Germans during the War to liberate British India. Later the revolutionaries defeated the British army in the Battle of Jalalabad and liberated Chittagong. During the Quit India Movement, the revolutionaries liberated the Tamluk and Contai subdivision of Midnapore district from British rule and established the Tamralipta National Government. The British, unable to control the revolutionary activities, decided to hinder the Bengali Hindu

neg: Delhi Legislative Assembly Delhi. This is particularly evident in elections since 2000. Elections to the Legislative Assemblies of Delhi were held in the following years: Originally built 1912, designed by E. Montague Thomas to hold the Imperial Legislative Council and subsequently the Central Legislative Assembly (after 1919), till the newly constructed Parliament House of India in New Delhi (Sansad Bhawan) was inaugurated on 18 January 1927. The building also housed in the Secretariat of the Government of India, and was built after the capital of India shifted to Delhi from Calcutta, the temporary secretariat building was constructed in a few months' time in

neg: Jaipur Column stood under the canopy next to India Gate. On the base there is an inscription, with wording supplied by Lord Irwin, the Viceroy of India: This was a modification of the wording originally proposed by Lutyens: Jaipur Column The Jaipur Column is a monumental column in the middle of the courtyard in front of Rashtrapati Bhavan, the presidential residence in New Delhi, Delhi, India. In 1912 Madho Singh II, the Maharaja of Jaipur, offered to sponsor its construction to commemorate the 1911 Delhi Durbar and the transfer of the capital of India from Calcutta to Delhi. The column was designed

neg: History of the Anushilan Samiti The activities of the group was marked most famously in 1912 when an attempt was made by Anushilan led by Rash Behari Bose, in coordination with Har Dayal's group in Punjab, to assassinate the Viceroy of India, Charles Hardinge on the occasion of transfer of the national capital from Calcutta to Delhi. The Delhi-Lahore Conspiracy, as it came to be called, culminated on 23 December 1912 when Basant Kumar Biswas successfully bombed the Viceroy's Howdah as the ceremonial procession moved through the Chandni Chowk suburb of Delhi. Although wounded in the attempt, the Viceroy escaped with his injuries, along with

neg: Robert Crewe-Milnes, 1st Marquess of Crewe an invention of his genius for organization, designed to the last detail for the first British monarch in history to pay a visit to India. In that post, he was responsible for the removal of the capital of India from Calcutta to Delhi, and the reunion of the two Bengals under a Governor-in-Council, as well as commissioning the architect, Sir Edwin Lutyens for his outstanding visionary grand design of New Delhi. He was further honoured in 1911 when he was created Earl of Madeley, in the County of Stafford, and Marquess of Crewe. In at least one of Asquith's cabinet

neg: History of Delhi in 1857 after the Indian Rebellion of 1857. The city received significant damage during the 1857 siege. Afterwards, the last titular Mughal Emperor Bahadur Shah Zafar II was exiled to Rangoon and the remaining Mughal territories were annexed as a part of British India. Calcutta was declared the capital of British India but in 1911 at the Delhi Durbar of 1911, held at the Coronation Park, King George V announced the shifting of the capital back to Delhi. Parts of the old city were New Delhi, a monumental new quarter of the city designed by the British architect Edwin Lutyens

neg: Delhi conspiracy case to the Delhi Conspiracy trial. Basant Kumar Biswas, Amir Chand and Avadh Behari were convicted and executed for their roles in the conspiracy. Rash Behari Bose was identified as the person who threw the bomb. Delhi conspiracy case The Delhi Conspiracy case, also known as the Delhi-Lahore Conspiracy, refers to a conspiracy in 1912 to assassinate the then Viceroy of India, Lord Hardinge, on the occasion of transferring the capital of British India from Calcutta to New Delhi. Hatched by the Indian revolutionary underground in Bengal and Punjab and headed by Rashbehari Bose, the conspiracy culminated on the attempted assassination

neg: History of Kolkata History of Kolkata Kolkata, formerly known as Calcutta in English, is the capital of the Indian state of West Bengal and is located in eastern India on the east bank of the River Hooghly. The city was a colonial city developed by the British East India Company and then by the British Empire. Kolkata was the capital of the British Indian empire until 1911 when the capital was relocated to Delhi. Kolkata grew rapidly in the 19th century to become the second city of the British Indian Empire. This was accompanied by the development of a culture that fused European

neg: Jaipur Column Jaipur Column The Jaipur Column is a monumental column in the middle of the courtyard in front of Rashtrapati Bhavan, the presidential residence in New Delhi, Delhi, India. In 1912 Madho Singh II, the Maharaja of Jaipur, offered to sponsor its construction to commemorate the 1911 Delhi Durbar and the transfer of the capital of India from Calcutta to Delhi. The column was designed by the British architect Sir Edwin Lutyens. In 1920, Lutyens submitted his design for the column to the Royal Academy of Arts in London, as his diploma work for his election as a fellow of the

neg: Port of Karachi rail from the Sui region in Balochistan. Karachi's importance as a gateway to British India increased in 1911 when the capital was moved from Calcutta to Delhi. Karachi was an important military base during the First World War (1914–18) because it was the first British raj port of call for ships coming through the Suez Canal and was the gateway to Afghanistan and the Russian Empire. In 1936 the Sindh district of the Bombay Presidency was reorganised as a new province with Karachi as the capital instead of the traditional capital of Hyderabad. This led to new public services and

neg: Chittaranjan Park is that of Kashmere Gate, first started in 1910 and still celebrated with the same fervour and traditions. Kali Bari in Mandir Marg temple built in 1930. The Big wave of Bengali settled when Calcutta and Delhi were first connected by train in 1864, thereafter with the shifting of capital to New Delhi in 1911, the shifting to government employees' followed logically. The Next big wave settled in 1947 and 1971. Initially employees from central government departments like Post and Telegraph, Government of India Press, Accountant General of Central Revenues (AGCR) and Railways were settled in Timarpur; thereafter in 1924,

neg: National Archives of India National Archives of India The National Archives of India (NAI) is a repository of the non-current records of the Government of India and holds them in trust for the use of administrators and scholars. Originally established as the Imperial Record Department in 1891, in Calcutta, the capital of British India, the NAI is situated at the intersection of Janpath and Rajpath, in Delhi. It functions as an Attached Office of the Department of Culture under the Ministry of Culture, Government of India. The Imperial Record Department was set up on 11 March 1891 in Calcutta (Kolkata). G.W. Forrest was named

neg: The Himalayan Club the Survey of India and in 1932 to New Delhi. In 1947, most of the British members left India but continued to be members. With more members in Calcutta, it was managed from there and the library moved from the Army headquarters to the Calcutta Light Horse Club in 1948. In 1958 the library moved to the Geological Survey of India and in 1966 it moved to the National Library of India in Calcutta. In 1971, it moved back to New Delhi where it was housed in the Central Secretariat and before moving to the Indian International Centre in 1976

neg: Viceroy ceremonial functions as well as political affairs. As the representative of the Emperors and Empresses of India, who were also the kings and queens of the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland, the viceroy served as the grand master of the two principal chivalric orders of British India: the Order of the Star of India and the Order of the Indian Empire. During the office's history, the Governors-General of India were based in two cities: Calcutta during the 19th century and New Delhi during the 20th century. Additionally, whilst Calcutta was the capital of British India, the viceroys spent

neg: Kunjpura Kunjpura Kunjpura is a village in Karnal district, Haryana (prior to 1966 Punjab state), India, about 10 km northeast of Karnal city and about 130 km north of the national capital, Delhi. It is on the right bank (west bank) of the Yamuna River, off the Grand Trunk Road that runs from Amritsar to Delhi and further on to Calcutta. Kunjpura was founded by Nawab Najabat Khan in 1729. Kunjpura village has a fort with a long history. It was a major halting point for those who traveled from Khyber Pass to Delhi before modern metalled roads came to be.

neg: Bengalis tons). After the weakening of the Mughal Empire with the death of Emperor Aurangzeb in 1707, Bengal was ruled independently by the Nawabs until 1757, when the region was annexed by the East India Company after the Battle of Plassey. In Bengal effective political and military power was transferred from the old regime to the British East India Company around 1757–65. Company rule in India began under the Bengal Presidency. Calcutta was named the capital of British India in 1772. The presidency was run by a military-civil administration, including the Bengal Army, and had the world's sixth earliest railway network.

neg: St. John's Church, Kolkata St. John's Church, Kolkata St. John's Church, originally a cathedral, was among the first public buildings erected by the East India Company after Kolkata (Calcutta) became the effective capital of British India. It is located at the North-Western corner of Raj Bhavan, and served as the Anglican Cathedral of Calcutta till 1847, when the see was transferred to St. Paul's Cathedral. Construction of the building, modelled on St Martin-in-the-Fields of London, started in 1784, with Rs 30,000 raised through a public lottery, and was completed in 1787. It is the third oldest church in the city, next to the Armenian

neg: British Raj at the Delhi Durbar at which King George V came in person and was crowned Emperor of India. He announced the capital would be moved from Calcutta to Delhi. This period saw an increase in the activities of revolutionary groups, which included Bengal's Anushilan Samiti and the Punjab's Ghadar Party. The British authorities were, however, able to crush violent rebels swiftly, in part because the mainstream of educated Indian politicians opposed violent revolution. The First World War would prove to be a watershed in the imperial relationship between Britain and India. Shortly prior to the outbreak of war, the Government

neg: St. John's Church, Kolkata interesting reading, as its describes her entire life, with details of her four husbands and their respective children. St. John's Church, Kolkata St. John's Church, originally a cathedral, was among the first public buildings erected by the East India Company after Kolkata (Calcutta) became the effective capital of British India. It is located at the North-Western corner of Raj Bhavan, and served as the Anglican Cathedral of Calcutta till 1847, when the see was transferred to St. Paul's Cathedral. Construction of the building, modelled on St Martin-in-the-Fields of London, started in 1784, with Rs 30,000 raised through a public lottery,

neg: Indian National Airways Ltd Indian National Airways Ltd Indian National Airways Ltd was an airline based in Delhi, India. The founder of the airline was R. E. Grant Govan, a Delhi based British industrialist who also co-founded the Board of Control for Cricket in India and the Cricket Club of India. The airline was formed on the basis of a government airmail contract. The company was started by Govan Bros Ltd. in May 1933 with a capital of Rs. 3 million. It became the second airline to start operations in India in December 1933, with a weekly passenger and freight service between Calcutta and

neg: Gates of Delhi side was constructed only in 1854–55 by Bahadur Shah Zafar, the last Mogul ruler of India. The gate was built in brick masonry with moderate use of red sandstone. The fort was used during the Uprising in 1857 and also as prison, which housed Zebunnisa, daughter of Aurangzeb; the British imprisoned the freedom fighters of Indian National Army. The layout of the Red Fort was organized to retain and integrate this site with the Salimgarh Fort through the Bahadur Shah Gate. Delhi became the capital of British India after the seat of power was shifted from Calcutta in 1911. With

neg: The Imperial, New Delhi British Raj, New Delhi, also inaugurated in the same year, and contained in Lutyens' Delhi. The Imperial was built by S.B.S. Ranjit Singh, son of R.B.S. Narain Singh, honoured by the British Raj, at the Coronation Durbar of 1911, wherein New Delhi was declared the new Capital of India from Calcutta. The hotel was restored by its General Manager and Vice President, Mr Harvinder Sekhon, between 1996 and 2001. During his tenure, the Imperial hosted the Queen of the Netherlands, Hollywood actors and actresses, adventurers, and tycoons. He also opened the six restaurants and bars which are called "Spice Route",

neg: Indira Banerjee was enrolled as an advocate on 5 July 1985 and practised before the Calcutta High Court. Indira Banerjee was appointed as a permanent Judge of the Calcutta High Court on 5 February 2002 and transferred to the Delhi High Court with effect from 8 August 2016. She was elevated as the Chief Justice of the Madras High Court and assumed charge on 5 April 2017. Justice Banerjee succeeded Justice Sanjay Kishan Kaul as the Chief Justice of the Madras High Court, after he was elevated to the Supreme Court of India. She is the second woman to head the chartered

neg: Raisina Hill Acquisition Act" to begin the construction of the Viceroy's House The hill is a slightly elevated portion high, about higher than the surrounding area. In 1911 to transfer the capital of British India from Calcutta (now Kolkata) to Delhi, a planning committee was formed, and a site 3 miles (5 km) south of the existing city of Delhi, around Raisina Hill, was chosen for the new administrative centre. A well-drained, healthy area between the Delhi Ridge and the Yamuna River, it provided ample room for expansion. Raisina Hill Raisina Hill ("Rāyasīnā Pahāṛī"), often used as a metonym for the seat

neg: S.B. Sinha by the Patna High Court. Subsequently, he was appointed as the first Government Advocate of the Ranchi Bench of the Patna High Court and was elevated to the Bench of Patna High Court on 9 March 1987. He was transferred to the Calcutta High Court on 11 May 1994. He has served as the Chief Justice of the High Courts of Calcutta, Andhra Pradesh and Delhi. He was elevated as a Judge of the Supreme Court of India on 3 October 2002 and retired on 8 August 2009. On 3 November 2009, after retirement from the Supreme Court, Justice S.

neg: The Hump March 1944 when Hoag was transferred to head ATC's European Wing. A month later, to give Hardin closer personal contact with his growing number of airbases, ICW changed its headquarters from New Delhi to Rishra, north of Calcutta. There, on the site of the Hastings Jute Mill, Stratemeyer, now a lieutenant general and commander of all AAF forces in the CBI, established Hastings Army Air Base as the headquarters of the Army Air Forces India-Burma Theater, using a converted mill building to house his headquarters, that of CBI Air Service Command, and ICWATC. Under Hardin, tonnages increased but so did

neg: Victoria Memorial, Kolkata was finished, [[King George V]] announced the transfer of the capital of India from Calcutta to [[New Delhi]]. Thus, the Victoria Memorial was built in what would be a provincial city rather than a capital. [[File:Victoria by nabarun.jpg|thumb|200px|right|Illumination.]] The Victoria Memorial was funded by Indian states, individuals of the [[British Raj]] and the British government in London. The princes and people of India responded generously to Lord Curzon's appeal for funds, and the total cost of construction of the monument, amounting to one crore, five lakhs of rupees, was entirely derived from their voluntary subscriptions. [[File:Victoria memorial 000.jpg|thumb|right|200px|Victoria Memorial]] The

neg: Gangtok 1894, the ruling Sikkimese Chogyal, Thutob Namgyal, transferred the capital to Gangtok. In the early 20th century, Gangtok became a major stopover on the trade route between Lhasa in Tibet and cities such as Kolkata (then Calcutta) in British India. After India won its independence from Britain in 1947, Sikkim chose to remain an independent monarchy, with Gangtok as its capital. In 1975, after the integration with the union of India, Gangtok was made India's 22nd state capital. The precise meaning of the name "Gangtok" is unclear, though the most popular meaning is "hill cut". Today, Gangtok is an emerging

neg: History of Kolkata date its beginnings as a major city from the construction of [[Fort William, India|Fort William]] by the [[United Kingdom|British]] in 1698, though this is debated (see the court ruling in "Name and origins" above). From 1772 to 1911, Calcutta was the capital of British India. From 1912 to India's Independence in 1947, it was the capital of all of [[Bengal]]. After Independence, Calcutta remained the capital of the Indian state of [[West Bengal]]. When the [[Seven Years' War]] broke out, owing to their constant rivalry with the [[French East India Company|French]], and the fall of [[Madras]] to the forces of

neg: History of Kolkata used the wealth of Bengal to defeat the French. As Dr. [[R. C. Majumdar]] stated in "An Advanced History of India", "The Battle of Plassey may be truly said to have decided the fate of the French in India." [[St. John's Church, Kolkata|St. John's Church]], originally a cathedral, was among the first public buildings erected by the [[East India Company]] after Kolkata became the effective capital of [[British India]]. It is located at the North-Western corner of [[Raj Bhavan (West Bengal)|Raj Bhavan]], and served as the [[Diocese of Kolkata|Anglican Cathedral of Calcutta]] till 1847, when the see was transferred to

neg: Kunjpura Thus, irrigation is not an issue for the farmers and they are easily able to harvest more than two crops a year. Kunjpura Kunjpura is a village in Karnal district, Haryana (prior to 1966 Punjab state), India, about 10 km northeast of Karnal city and about 130 km north of the national capital, Delhi. It is on the right bank (west bank) of the Yamuna River, off the Grand Trunk Road that runs from Amritsar to Delhi and further on to Calcutta. Kunjpura was founded by Nawab Najabat Khan in 1729. Kunjpura village has a fort with a long history.

neg: Teen Murti Bhavan was then part of the Ottoman Empire. While soldiers from Jodhpur and Mysore took field in the actual war, those from Hyderabad were employed in maintaining communication channels and serving the injured. The Jodhpur soldiers led by Major Dalpat Singh Shekhawat were at the forefront and won the Haifa war with the help of Mysore and Hyderabad forces. Major Shekhawat died fighting at Haifa. He is known as Hero of Haifa. In 1911 the decision was made to transfer the winter capital of British India from Calcutta to Delhi (Simla remained the summer capital for the remainder of colonial rule).

neg: William Duke (colonial governor) from Calcutta to New Delhi. Bengal also became a full-fledged Governorship at this time and Sir Thomas David Gibson Carmichael, was transferred from Madras to Governor of Bengal. Duke remained with him as his senior member of Council until November 1914, at which time he retired and was appointed as a member of the Council of India. Duke joined a study group of India Office members and the Round Table Group founded by Lionel George Curtis which had a lot of influence on Indian constitutional reforms, In this capacity he formulated the "Duke Memorandum" in which he devised a practical

neg: Delhi Female Medical Mission Delhi Female Medical Mission The Delhi Female Medical Mission (DFMM) was a medical mission in Delhi, India that was founded in the mid-19th century by an Indian-born Englishwoman named Priscilla Winter. The organization started as a dispensary along the Yamuna River in Delhi, but over time developed into a mission, which was then established as St. Stephen’s Hospital for Women and Children, a hospital that remains in operation today. Priscilla Winter (née Sandys) was born in Calcutta, India to two Anglican missionaries. Winter spent the majority of her childhood in England, but returned to Calcutta in 1858 at the age

neg: Calcutta and Burmah Steam Navigation Company Calcutta and Burmah Steam Navigation Company Calcutta and Burmah Steam Navigation Company (C&BSN) was formed in 1856 and was the immediate forerunner of British India Steam Navigation Company (BISN). The company was formed out of Mackinnon, Mackenzie & Co, a trading partnership of the Scots William Mackinnon and Robert Mackenzie, who had set up their business in Calcutta, India. Calcutta and Burmah Steam Navigation was founded with initial capital of £35,000 to perform a mail contract, which had been won from the Indian government, between Calcutta, Rangoon and Moulmein. The contract was renewed in 1862, when the service was extended

neg: India Command India Command Following the Kitchener Reforms of 1903 during the British Raj, the Commander-in-Chief, India, enjoyed control of the Army of India and answered to the civilian Viceroy of India. The Commander-in-Chief's staff was overseen by the Chief of the General Staff. GHQ India was based in Calcutta and Simla (the winter capital of the Raj) until the seat of power moved to New Delhi in 1911. In addition to India, it was responsible at varying periods for parts of the Middle East (in particular Aden Settlement and, later, Aden Colony, as well as Iraq and Persia). For significant periods

neg: Chandragupta (board game) 1996). Chakravarti, P.C. "The Art of War in Ancient India" (New Delhi: Low Price Publications, 1993). Das, H.C., "Military History of Kalinga" (Calcutta: Punthi Pustak, 1986). Dikshitar, V.R. Ramachandra. "War in Ancient India" (Delhi: Motilal Banarsidass, 1987). Kautilya, "Arthashastra". Translated by S. Sastri, Mysore, 1923. Majumdar, Bimal Kanti. "The Military System in Ancient India" (Calcutta: Firma K.L. Mukhopadhyay, 1960). Marshall, Sir John Hubert. "A Guide to Taxila" (Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1960). McCrindle, John W. "Ancient India as Described by Megasthenes and Arrian" (New Delhi: Munshiram Manoharlal Publishers, 2000). Narain, A.K., "The Indo-Greeks" (Delhi: B.R. Publishing Corporation, 2003). Sastri, K.A.

neg: Old Delhi Old Delhi Old Delhi or Purani Dilli was founded as a walled city of Delhi, India, founded as Shahjahanabad in 1639, when Shah Jahan, the Mughal emperor at the time, decided to shift the Mughal capital from Agra. The construction of the city was completed in 1648, and it remained the capital of the Mughal Empire until its fall in 1857, when the British Raj took over a paramount power in India. It was once filled with mansions of nobles and members of the royal court, along with elegant mosques and gardens. Today, despite having become extremely crowded and dilapidated,

neg: Old Delhi Old Delhi Old Delhi or Purani Dilli was founded as a walled city of Delhi, India, founded as Shahjahanabad in 1639, when Shah Jahan, the Mughal emperor at the time, decided to shift the Mughal capital from Agra. The construction of the city was completed in 1648, and it remained the capital of the Mughal Empire until its fall in 1857, when the British Raj took over a paramount power in India. It was once filled with mansions of nobles and members of the royal court, along with elegant mosques and gardens. Today, despite having become extremely crowded and dilapidated,

neg: Esther Rahim chemistry studies after having obtained a degree at Cambridge University. Together with her husband, who joined the Indian Civil Service, she went to Madras (India) in 1931. Her first child (Razia) was born in 1932. With her husband, she moved to Calcutta (India) in 1936 and to Delhi (India) after the birth of her son, (Sikander) in 1939. The couple were divorced in 1945. Nevertheless, she followed her former husband to Egypt, (Cairo and Alexandria). In 1952, she left Egypt to settle in Europe, where she remarried her former husband and settled in Brussels (Belgium) before her husband was transferred

neg: Argentina–India relations Aires in 1943. This was converted into an embassy on 3 February 1949. Argentina had established a consulate in Calcutta in the 1920s. In 1950, it was transferred to Delhi as an embassy. Argentina opened a Consulate General in Mumbai in April 2009. Argentine President Arturo Frondizi visited India in December 1961, the first state visit by an Argentine President. President Reynaldo Bignone visited in 1983 to attend the NAM summit. President Raul Alfonsin was the chief guest on Republic Day in 1985. President Carlos Menem visited India in March 1994 and President Cristina Kirchner in October 2009. In 1968,

neg: Delhi Junction railway station Delhi Junction railway station Delhi Junction, also known as Old Delhi Railway Station (station code DLI), is the oldest railway station of Delhi city and a Junction station. It is one of the busiest railway stations in India in terms of frequency. Around 250 trains starts, ends, or passes through the station daily. It was established near Chandni Chowk in 1864 when trains from Howrah, Calcutta started operating up to Delhi. Its present building was constructed by the British Indian government in the style of nearby red-coloured fort and opened in 1903. It has been an important railway station of

neg: Kolkata was a centre of the East India Company's opium trade. The partition of Bengal in 1905 along religious lines led to mass protests, making Calcutta a less hospitable place for the British. The capital was moved to New Delhi in 1911. Calcutta continued to be a centre for revolutionary organisations associated with the Indian independence movement. The city and its port were bombed several times by the Japanese between 1942 and 1944, during World War II. Coinciding with the war, millions starved to death during the Bengal famine of 1943 due to a combination of military, administrative, and natural factors.

neg: CIA Tibetan program posts in New Delhi, Calcutta and Kalimpong. The borders were opened for those who wished to visit religious shrines, but China ordered India to withdraw armed forces. China also ordered India to hand over postal, telegraph, and telephone facilities it had been operating in Tibet. A group of Kazakhs were invited to the capital in Ihasa in order to discuss the political status of the group. The trade between Tibet and China started out really strong. China was able to bring silver dollars to Tibet, which was very pleasing. The products were generally unloaded in Tibet by plane and from

neg: Bengali Language Movement in India the second official language of Bengal under the pressure of Bengali movement in Jharkhand, it has not been implemented. Apart from Bangla-speaking students, the deprivation has been accepted, Bengali medium schools have been converted through Hindi. During the partition of India in 1947 refugees from East Bengal took refuge in Delhi in the capital of India. At that time, Chittaranjan Park was the main residence in Delhi. Bengali's living in Delhi from last 200 years when Bengal regiment captured Delhi from Maratha in 1803. Bengali's living in Delhi from the time of Mughal when Sultan of Bengal used to do

neg: All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi (AIIMS New Delhi; IAST: "Akhil Bhāratiya Āyurvignan Samsthān, Naī Dillī") is a medical college and medical research public university based in New Delhi, India. AIIMS was established in 1956 and operates autonomously under the Ministry of Health and Family Welfare. AIIMS New Delhi is governed by the All India Institute of Medical Sciences Act, 1956. AIIMS was established in 1956 in New Delhi after then Prime Minister of India Jawaharlal Nehru's initial proposal to set up the institute in Calcutta was turned down by

neg: East Indian Railway Company Sir Rowland, but familiarly known as Macdonald Stephenson) and three assistants travelled from England in 1845 and ""with diligence and discretion"" surveyed, statistically studied and costed the potential traffic for a railway route from Calcutta (the then commercial capital of India) to Delhi via Mirzapur. They assessed that the maximum cost of a twin-track line would not exceed £15000 per mile if the land was available without charge. The East Indian Railway Company was then formed and raised money in London. A contract was signed between the East India Company and the East Indian Railway Company on 17 August 1849,

neg: Saiyid Nurul Hasan member of the Rajya Sabha from 1969-1978. From 1971 to 1977, he was the Union Minister of State (with independent charge) for Education, Social Welfare & Culture in the Government of India. As India's education minister, he founded the Indian Council of Historical Research, New Delhi. He was also the architect behind the setting up of 27 social science research institutes in India under the aegis of the Indian Council of Social Science Research (ICSSR), New Delhi, such as the Centre for Studies in Social Sciences, Calcutta (1973). When he was a minister, under an act of the parliament, the

neg: Viceroy's Executive Council Viceroy's Executive Council The Viceroy's Executive Council was the cabinet of the government of British India headed by the Viceroy of India. It was transformed from an advisory council into a cabinet by the Indian Councils Act 1861 by giving recognition to the portfolio system introduced by Lord Canning in 1859. The Government of India Act 1858 transferred the power of the East India Company to the British Crown which was empowered to appoint a Viceroy and Governor-General of India to head the government in India. The advisory council of the Governor-General was based in the capital Calcutta and consisted

neg: Khurja the Delhi – Calcutta line and via the old GT Road to many major cities in India. There are two train stations, Khurja Junction which is on the main Delhi – Calcutta line and Khurja City which serves to district headquarter Bulandshahr & Meerut. Khurja can be reached by road or train. A drive from Delhi on a direct route has heavy traffic and takes about two and a half hours. Time can be saved by taking the expressway from Delhi to Noida, then the Dankaur station road to Sikandrabad, which is 37 km from Khurja. Khurja has three bus

neg: Governor of West Bengal Governor of West Bengal The Governor of West Bengal is a nominal head and representative of the President of India in the state of West Bengal. The governor is appointed by the president for a term of five years. His official residence is the Raj Bhavan. Keshari Nath Tripathi became the governor on 24 July 2014. In 1912 the Imperial capital of India was moved from Calcutta to Delhi and as some compensation to Bengal the lieutenant governor with council gave place to a governor with a council thus completing the circle and reverting to the position which had been

neg: Ghuisarnath Temple Delhi and Varanasi to New Delhi . It also connects Lucknow/Varanasi to Delhi, Agra, Khajuraho, Calcutta, Mumbai, Lucknow and Bhubaneswar. Pratapgarh is an important and major rail junction. The city is served by trains from all metros and major cities across the country. New Delhi, Mumbai, Calcutta, Chennai, Gwalior, Kolkata, Allahabad, Lucknow, Dehradun, Banglore, Jammu. The city has direct rail connections. Pratapgarh, on National Highway 56 (India) from Lucknow to Pratapgarh, is connected literally to the rest of the country by good motor-able, all – weather roads. Some important road distances are: Agra 530 km., Allahabad 80 km., Bhopal 761

neg: History of rail transport in India became the Central Organization for Railway Electrification (CORE). India's first metro train ran from Esplanade to Bhowanipur (now the Netaji Bhawan station) in Calcutta on 24 October 1984, and the Calcutta Metro was the country's first rapid-transit line. In 1986, computerized ticketing and reservations were introduced in New Delhi. The Shatabdi Express, India's fastest train, was introduced between New Delhi and Jhansi in 1988; the line was later extended to Bhopal. In 1990, the first self-printing ticket machine (SPTM) was introduced in New Delhi. Air-conditioned, three-tier coaches and a sleeper class (separate from Second Class) were introduced in 1993. On

neg: Delhi Durbar velvet and miniver cap all weighing 34.05 ounces (965 g). They received homage from the native princes – including one woman, the Begum of Bhopal – at the shamiana (ceremonial tent); controversy ensued when the Gaekwar of Baroda, Maharajah (Emperor) Sayajirao III, approached the royal couple without his jewellery on, and after a simple bow turned his back to them when leaving. His action was interpreted at the time as a sign of dissent to British rule. Afterwards, the royal couple ascended to the domed royal pavilion, where the King-Emperor announced the move of India's capital from Calcutta to Delhi.

neg: Stanley Wolpert but flawed book." He added, "Wolpert's narrative is rather bloodless; the characters on its pages are largely just names, with little physical description, social background or political context provided. Two skimpy chapters on Gandhi's legacy are all that justify the book's subtitle... the book is riddled with minor errors unworthy of a historian of Wolpert's eminence, ranging from the description of Ahmedabad in 1887 as the capital of Gujarat, a state that did not come into existence till the 1950s, to placing the British Viceroy in 1925 in Calcutta, though British India had moved its capital to Delhi in 1911...

neg: Banking in India Allahabad Bank, established in 1865 and still functioning today, is the oldest Joint Stock bank in India, it was not the first though. That honour belongs to the Bank of Upper India, which was established in 1863 and survived until 1913, when it failed, with some of its assets and liabilities being transferred to the Alliance Bank of Simla. Foreign banks too started to appear, particularly in Calcutta, in the 1860s. Grindlays Bank opened its first branch in Calcutta in 1864. The Comptoir d'Escompte de Paris opened a branch in Calcutta in 1860, and another in Bombay in 1862; branches

neg: Dhimal Dhimals: A Little Known Tribal Community. Occasional Paper No. 9, Dr. Ambedkar Chair in Anthropology, Deptt. of Anthropology, Calcutta University. Endle 1911. The Kacharis, cited on ST Das 1978. The People of the Eastern Himalaya. New Delhi: Sagar Publication. Gautam Rajesh, Thapa-Magar Ashok K 1994. Tribal Ethnography of Nepal (vol-1). Delhi: Book Faith India. Grierson George Abraham 1926. Linguistic Survey of India, Vol-III Tibeto-Burman Family, Part-I. Calcutta: Govt. of India, Central Publication Branch. Hodgson Brian Houghton 1847. Essay the first on the Kocch, Bodo and Dhimal Tribes, Calcutta: Baptist Mission Press. Hodgson Brian Houghton 1849. On the Origin, Location, Numbers,

neg: Shashi Tharoor London, Bombay, Calcutta and Delhi, including a 25-year career (culminating as group advertising manager) for "The Statesman". His paternal uncle was Tharoor Parameshwaran, the founder of "Readers Digest" in India. After his parents returned to India, Tharoor boarded at Montfort School, Yercaud, in 1962, subsequently moving to Bombay (now Mumbai) and studying at the Campion School (1963–68). He spent his high school years at St. Xavier's Collegiate School in Calcutta (1969–71). He graduated with a Bachelor of Arts in history from St Stephen's College, University of Delhi. In 1975, he moved to the United States to pursue graduate studies at

neg: Bengal independent Nawab of Bengal at the Battle of Plassey in 1757. In Bengal effective political and military power was transferred from the old regime to the British East India Company around 1757–65. Company rule in India began under the Bengal Presidency. Calcutta was named the capital of British India in 1772. The presidency was run by a military-civil administration, including the Bengal Army, and had the world's sixth earliest railway network. Great Bengal famines struck several times during colonial rule (notably the Great Bengal famine of 1770 and Bengal famine of 1943). The Indian Rebellion of 1857 was initiated on

neg: Northern Railway zone India was opened, which falls under Northern Railway zone. In 1864, a broad gauge track from Calcutta to Delhi was laid. In 1864, the railway line between Old Delhi and Meerut City railway station was constructed. Meerut Cantt railway station was established by British India government around 1865 after the sepoy mutiny of 1857. In 1866, through trains started running on the East Indian Railway Company’s Howrah-Delhi line. In 1870, the Sind, Punjab and Delhi railway completed the long Amritsar - Ambala - Jagadhri- Saharanpur - Ghaziabad line connecting Multan (now in Pakistan) with Delhi. In 1872, Sarai Rohilla railway

neg: Rudrangshu Mukherjee A Study of Popular Resistance" (Delhi, 1984, repr. 2002), "Spectre of Violence: The 1857 Kanpur Massacres" (Delhi, 1988), and "Mangal Pandey: Brave Martyr or Accidental Hero?" (Penguin India). He has taught history at the University of Calcutta and held visiting appointments at Princeton University, the University of Manchester, the University of California, Santa Cruz and the Young India Fellowship, New Delhi. At the Centre for Studies in Social Sciences, Calcutta (CSSSC), which he had joined as a Junior Research Fellow in 1975, he was involved in issues concerning the ascendancy of the North in the production of knowledge. He has

neg: CESC Limited plant of The Calcutta Electric Supply Corporation Limited was commissioned at Emambagh Lane near Prinsep Ghat, heralding the beginning of thermal power generation in India. The Calcutta Tramways Company switched to electricity from horse-drawn carriages in 1902. Three new power generating stations were started by 1906. The company was shifted to the Victoria House in Dharmatala, Kolkata in 1933, and still operates from this address. In 1970, the control of the Company was transferred from London to Calcutta. In 1978 it was named "The Calcutta Electric Supply Corporation (India) Ltd." The RPG Group was associated with The Calcutta Electric Supply

neg: India Meteorological Department meteorological observations under one roof. As a result, the India Meteorology Department was established in 1875. Henry Francis Blanford was appointed the first Meteorological Reporter of the IMD. In May 1889, Sir John Eliot was appointed the first "Director General of Observatories" in the erstwhile capital, Calcutta. The IMD headquarters were later shifted to Shimla in 1905, then to Pune in 1928 and finally to New Delhi in 1944. IMD became a member of the World Meteorological Organization after independence on 27 April 1949. The agency has gained in prominence due to the significance of the monsoon rains on Indian

neg: Huntingtower Castle was the Chief Engineer building the first railway from Calcutta (the then commercial capital of India): 541 miles to Benares en route to Delhi. Huntingtower Castle Huntingtower Castle once known as Ruthven Castle or the Place [Palace] of Ruthven is located near the village of Huntingtower beside the A85 and near the A9, about 5km NW of the centre of Perth, Perth and Kinross, in central Scotland, on the main road to Crieff. Huntingtower Castle was built in stages from the 15th century by the Clan Ruthven family and was known for several hundred years as the 'House (or 'Place')

neg: Gates of Delhi Red Fort. Delhi has been capital of India for more than 1000 years. New Delhi became the capital of India in 1912. The second medieval city of Siri Fort was built during the rule of Ala-ud-Din Khalji of the Delhi Sultanate with the major objective of protecting the city from the onslaught of the Mongols. The city, when built with an oval plan, was best described as presenting an embodiment of richness with palaces and other structures and had seven gates for entry and exit. But, at present, only the Southeastern gate exists, also in ruins (pictured). The destruction of

neg: Aurobindo Nath Mukherjee and the Scottish Church College, both within the University of Calcutta. He graduated in 1914 and obtained a degree in theology in 1917. He was ordained in 1923. When the "Church of India, Pakistan, Burma and Ceylon"'s diocese of Delhi was established in 1947, he was serving as the assistant Bishop of Lahore. He its first bishop of Delhi and in 1950, when Bishop George Hubback, the last Englishman to serve as Metropolitan of India resigned, Bishop Mukherjee succeeded him as the first Indian Metropolitan. He would serve in this capacity till his death in 1970. His contribution in strengthening

neg: Lakshmi Sahgal the INA leadership decided to beat a retreat before they could enter Imphal. Captain Lakshmi was arrested by the British army in May 1945, remaining in Burma until March 1946, when she was sent to India – at a time when the INA trials in Delhi heightened popular discontent with and hastened the end of colonial rule. In 1971, Sahgal joined the Communist Party of India (Marxist) and represented the party in the Rajya Sabha. During the Bangladesh crisis, she organised relief camps and medical aid in Calcutta for refugees who streamed into India from Bangladesh. She was one of

neg: Allahabad Airport Allahabad Airport In 1911, domestic commercial aviation took birth in India when on February 18, Henri Piquet, flying a Humber biplane, carried mail from Allahabad (from a polo field) to Naini, some six miles away. In 1924, construction of dedicated airfields were taken up in Allahabad apart from Calcutta and Bombay Airports. In 1931, a nucleus of four controlled aerodromes at Allahabad, Karachi, Delhi and Calcutta were set up and foundation for Air Traffic control services was laid with the appointment of 4 Indian aerodrome officers specially trained at UK at these four airports. The airfield at Bamrauli was one

neg: Cecil Jackson-Cole raised £105,302 in its first year. Cecil Jackson-Cole founded Helpage India. In March 1974, when Jackson Cole, founder of HelpAge International visited India, Samson Daniel, a philanthropist, approached him for financial help to set up a member organisation in Delhi. Cole instead offered to train him to raise funds. After a three-month training course in London, Daniel and his wife returned to India and organised a sponsored walk with schoolchildren in Delhi. It was so successful that in 1975 HelpAge International recruited more staff to cover Bombay, Madras and Calcutta. The driving force behind the continued existence of the Oxford

neg: Indian literature Despite the numerous columns and articles demanding political and social reforms, journalism during the 19th century had little impact on the Indian masses, due to widespread illiteracy and poverty. In 1947, the major English newspaper in India were the Times of India (Bombay), Statesman (Calcutta), Hindu (Madras), Hindustan Times (New Delhi), Indian Express (Bombay & Madras) Amrita Bazaar Patrika (Calcutta). Of these, the Times of India, Statesman & Pioneer were under British ownership till 1964, when it came under a group of Indian business. During the long struggle for India’s Independence, the major English newspaper that served the national cause

neg: Kalka–Shimla railway respectively. On 8 July 2008, UNESCO added the Kalka–Shimla railway to the mountain railways of India World Heritage Site. Shimla (then spelt Simla), which was settled by the British shortly after the first Anglo-Gurkha war, is located at in the foothills of the Himalayas. The idea of connecting Shimla by rail was first raised by a correspondent to the Delhi gazette in November 1847. Shimla became the summer capital of British India in 1864, and was the headquarters of the Indian army. This meant that twice a year it was necessary to transfer the entire government between Calcutta and Shimla

neg: Delhi Gymkhana Delhi Gymkhana The Delhi Gymkhana Club or Delhi Gymkhana (Hindi: दिल्ली जिमख़ाना) is a club in New Delhi. Originally called the 'Imperial Delhi Gymkhana Club', it was founded on 3 July 1913, at Coronation Grounds, Delhi, and its first president was Spencer Harcourt Butler, first governor of the then United Provinces of Agra and Oudh. When new imperial capital of India, New Delhi was built, the club was allotted 27.3 acres of land in 1928 on perpetual lease. The word imperial was dropped when India gained independence in 1947. The club is located in the heart of Lutyens' Delhi on

neg: Calcutta and Burmah Steam Navigation Company BI's coal mines in India. Calcutta and Burmah Steam Navigation Company Calcutta and Burmah Steam Navigation Company (C&BSN) was formed in 1856 and was the immediate forerunner of British India Steam Navigation Company (BISN). The company was formed out of Mackinnon, Mackenzie & Co, a trading partnership of the Scots William Mackinnon and Robert Mackenzie, who had set up their business in Calcutta, India. Calcutta and Burmah Steam Navigation was founded with initial capital of £35,000 to perform a mail contract, which had been won from the Indian government, between Calcutta, Rangoon and Moulmein. The contract was renewed in 1862,

neg: Jasjit Singh (tennis) Jasjit Singh (tennis) Jasjit Singh (born 4 February 1948) is a former professional tennis player from India. Singh, who was born in New Delhi, became the first Sikh to play for the India Davis Cup team when he was selected in the side during the 1974 Davis Cup. His first appearance was a loss to Japan's Toshiro Sakai in a dead rubber, as India had already secured the tie. India then faced the Australian team in the Eastern Zone final and Jasjit was chosen ahead of Anand Amritraj to play the first singles rubber. In front of a Calcutta crowd,

neg: Coronation of the British monarch for him. The Emperor was enthroned, and the Indian princes paid homage to him. Thereafter, certain political decisions, such as the decision to move the capital from Calcutta to Delhi, were announced at the durbar. The ceremony was not repeated, and the imperial title was abandoned by George VI in 1948, a year after India gained independence. Aside from kings and queens, the only individuals authorised to wear crowns (as opposed to coronets) are the Kings of Arms, the United Kingdom's senior heraldic officials. Like the peers' coronets, these crowns are only put on at the actual moment of the

neg: The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints in India reason was to build the church and strengthen the Priesthood Leadership. It was the right moment that the Lord revealed his purpose through the appointed Leaders.Though many members of this branch migrated to USA, a small group of members continued to have meetings in Calcutta. The branch exists in Salt lake city in Calcutta India till now. While President Sackley was serving as Mission President to India New Delhi Mission, along with his counselors he had special plans to strengthen this branch. This is the history of Calcutta branch. As per the Church history in India, there were early missionaries

neg: Durrani Empire Beijing for unsuccessful talks. The Mughal power in northern India had been declining since the reign of Aurangzeb, who died in 1707. In 1751-52, "Ahamdiya" treaty was signed between the Marathas and Mughals, when Balaji Bajirao was the Peshwa. Through this treaty, the Marathas controlled virtually the whole of India from their capital at Pune and the Mughal rule was restricted only to Delhi (the Mughals remained the nominal heads of Delhi). Marathas were now straining to expand their area of control towards the Northwest of India. Ahmad Shah sacked the Mughal capital and withdrew with the booty he coveted.

neg: New Delhi New Delhi New Delhi () is an urban district of Delhi which serves as the capital of India and seat of all three branches of the Government of India. The foundation stone of the city was laid by Emperor George V during the Delhi Durbar of 1911. It was designed by British architects, Sir Edwin Lutyens and Sir Herbert Baker. The new capital was inaugurated on 13 February 1931, by Viceroy and Governor-General of India Lord Irwin. Although colloquially "Delhi" and "New Delhi" are used interchangeably to refer to the National Capital Territory of Delhi (NCT), these are two distinct

neg: The Statesman (India) under this new ownership was Pran Chopra. "The Statesman" is characterized by its terse reporting style. It holds an independent anti-establishment position. It opposed the shifting of India's capital from Calcutta to New Delhi in 1911, stating that "[t]he British have gone to the city of graveyards to be buried there". It also strenuously opposed Indira Gandhi's Emergency in 1975-77. Under the editor Ian Stephens (who was editor from 1942 to 1951), the newspaper published highly disturbing images, on 22 and 29 August 1943, of the effects of the Bengal famine of 1943, despite the British colonial government's attempts at

neg: Coronation Park, Delhi India would be shifted from Calcutta to Delhi. In 1911, a fabulous sum of Stg £600,000 was approved for the Durbar and maintenance of the visiting local rulers. An additional £300,000 were supplied by the Government of India to pay for eighty thousand Army troops in the parades and security for the event. The Imperial Hotel in New Delhi, considered a legacy of the colonial times, continues to display pictures of the Durbar in a Coffee Shop named "1911". After the Coronation Durbar, Edwin Lutyens (Sir Edwin from 1918) was authorised by Lord Hardinge to proceed with preparing plans for

neg: Delhi given in 1927, and the new capital was inaugurated on 13 February 1931. New Delhi, also known as "Lutyens' Delhi", was officially declared as the capital of the Union of India after the country gained independence on 15 August 1947. During the partition of India, thousands of Hindu and Sikh refugees, mainly from West Punjab fled to Delhi, while many Muslim residents of the city migrated to Pakistan. Migration to Delhi from the rest of India continues (), contributing more to the rise of Delhi's population than the birth rate, which is declining. The States Reorganisation Act, 1956 and the

neg: Subhankar Sarkar Calcutta in 1982, B.A.(Spl) History from University of Calcutta in 1993, B.A. (Spl) Economics from University of Calcutta in 1991, B.Lip.Sc from University of Calcutta in 1990 and LLB from University of Calcutta in 1986. Subhankar Sarkar joined the Indian National Congress as a student during his college days. Following which he held several organisational positions in the Indian National Congress. Subhankar Sarkar was appointed as the National General Secretary of National Students' Union of India in 1993. He was also made the N.S.U.I in-charge of Tripura, Maharashtra and Delhi. During his tenure the Indian National Congress won the prestigious