query: when was the canada health act passed into law

pos: Canada Health Act the Liberal government, under Trudeau, spearheaded by then Minister of Health Monique Bégin. As she noted, the government decided not to expand coverage (e.g., to mental health and public health), but instead to incorporate much of the language from the HIDS and Medical Care Acts. The "Canada Health Act" was passed unanimously by Parliament in 1984, and received Royal Assent on 1 April. Following election of a Conservative government under Brian Mulroney in September 1984, in June 1985, after consultation with the provinces, new federal Health Minister Jake Epp wrote a letter to his provincial counterparts that clarified and interpreted

pos: Medicare (Canada) funded system was originally led by Premier Tommy Douglas and implemented by Woodrow Stanley Lloyd, who became premier of the province when Douglas resigned to become the leader of the new federal New Democratic Party. Although Saskatchewan is often credited with the birth of public health care funding in Canada, the federal legislation itself was actually drafted (and first proposed to parliament) by Allan MacEachen, a Liberal MP from Cape Breton. In 1984, the Canada Health Act was passed, amalgamating the 1966 Medical Care Act and the 1957 Hospital Insurance and Diagnostic Services Act. The Canada Health Act affirmed and

pos: Juvenile Delinquents Act "Juvenile Delinquents Act". It came into force on 2 April 1984. Juvenile Delinquents Act The Juvenile Delinquents Act (), SC 1908, c 40 was a law passed by the Parliament of Canada to improve its handling of juvenile crime. The act established procedures for the handling of juvenile offenses, including the government assuming control of juvenile offenders. It was revised in 1929 and superseded in 1984 by the "Young Offenders Act". Under English common law, there were complex distinctions concerning age, criminal intent and the type of crime involved that determined whether an infant (i.e., one under the age of

neg: Canada Consumer Product Safety Act of these products. For example, Health Canada posted just over 300 recall notices in 2009. Roughly one third of these were for children's products. In 2009, about 1.5 million consumers were affected by crib recalls alone. Canada Consumer Product Safety Act The Canada Consumer Product Safety Act was a Canadian act that passed into law by the Government of Canada on December 14, 2010. This law replaced Part I of the Hazardous Products Act. It was originally introduced in the 2nd session of the 39th Parliament of Canada as Bill C-52. It died in committee when the 2008 Canadian federal

neg: Canada Consumer Product Safety Act Canada Consumer Product Safety Act The Canada Consumer Product Safety Act was a Canadian act that passed into law by the Government of Canada on December 14, 2010. This law replaced Part I of the Hazardous Products Act. It was originally introduced in the 2nd session of the 39th Parliament of Canada as Bill C-52. It died in committee when the 2008 Canadian federal election was called, but was reintroduced in the 2nd session of the 40th Parliament of Canada as Bill C-6 and was passed by both houses of Parliament but did not receive royal assent before Parliament was

neg: Reception statute was originally part of Quebec and so was under the civil law. When Quebec was divided into the two provinces of Upper and Lower Canada by the Constitutional Act of 1791, the first Act passed by the Legislature of Upper Canada was to adopt the law of England for all purposes, replacing the civil law. That statute adopted both the English common law and English statute law. The foundation for the operation of the common law in Ontario traces back to that reception statute. The new Dominion of Canada acquired the territories of Rupert's Land and the North-Western Territory from

neg: Health Care and Education Reconciliation Act of 2010 to Pell Grants stricken under the Byrd Rule. A few hours later, the amended bill was passed by the House with the vote of 220-207. The Health Care and Education Reconciliation Act of 2010 was signed into law by President Barack Obama on March 30, 2010 at Northern Virginia Community College. On March 30, 2010 Obama signed the Health Care and Education Reconciliation Act of 2010, 7 days after he had signed the Patient Protection and Affordable Care Act into law. At the end of 2009, each house of Congress passed its own health care reform bill, but neither house

neg: Work and labour organization in Upper Canada “Combination Act” of 1799 made labour unions “criminal conspiracies,” illegal until 1825, when the Act was finally repealed. Some have argued that the Combination Act never applied in Upper Canada; English criminal law applied in Upper Canada because the House of Assembly accepted all English criminal statutes as of 17 September 1792, seven years before the Combination Act was passed. However, other acts passed after the reception date were subsequently accepted as law. If the Combination Act was taken as received, its repeal in 1825 was a separate issue again. As the matter was never settled in the higher courts

neg: Copyright Act of Canada were increased, and the 1997 reforms introduced a mandatory review of the "Copyright Act". In June 2005, the Government of Canada introduced Bill C-60 to amend the "Copyright Act". Bill C-60 sought to extend moral rights to performers of other people's works and repeal the photographer exception allowing people to gain de facto authorship of anything they photograph. The bill also proposed to make circumventing rights management schemes an offence, but mostly when done for the purpose of violating another right. The bill was never passed into law as Parliament was dissolved after a motion of non-confidence was passed in

neg: Mental Health Care Act, 2017 Mental Health Care Act, 2017 In India, the Mental Health Care Act 2017 was passed on 7 April 2017 and came into force from July 7, 2018. The law was described in its opening paragraph as "An Act to provide for mental healthcare and services for persons with mental illness and to protect, promote and fulfill the rights of such persons during delivery of mental healthcare and services and for matters connected therewith or incidental thereto." This Act superseded the previously existing Mental Health Act, 1987 that was passed on 22 May 1987. It states that mental illness be determined

neg: Mental Health Act, 1987 Mental Health Act, 1987 In India, the Mental Health Act was passed on 22 May 1987. The law was described in its opening paragraph as "An Act to consolidate and amend the law relating to the treatment and care of mentally ill persons, to make better provision with respect to their property and affairs and for matters connected therewith or incidental thereto." The Act superseded the previously existing national law governing the mental health issues, the Indian Lunacy Act of 1912. The Mental Health Care Act was passed on 7 April 2017, superseding this 1987 Act and was described in

neg: Modernization of Investigative Techniques Act Modernization of Investigative Techniques Act Modernization of Investigative Techniques Act, Bill-C74 was first introduced in the Canadian House of Commons on November 15, 2005. Introduced as a part of a package of "lawful access" proposals, Modernization of Investigative Techniques Act (MITA) if passed, would have required telephone and internet service providers to design, create and maintain interception capabilities into existing networks and into new technologies as they are introduced into Canada. Second, it would have allowed law enforcement to compel telephone and internet service providers to disclose subscriber information without a warrant. The bill failed to pass into law when

neg: Federal Mine Safety and Health Act of 1977 days later. Federal Mine Safety and Health Act of 1977 The Federal Mine Safety and Health Act of 1977 (Public Law 95-164) amended the Coal Mine Safety and Health Act of 1969. It can be found in the United States Code under Title 30, Mineral Lands and Mining, Chapter 22, Mine Safety and Health. The S. 717 legislation was passed by the 95th United States Congressional session and enacted into law by the 39th President of the United States Jimmy Carter on November 9, 1977. The law of the United States enacted on November 9, 1977 took effect one hundred

neg: Federal Mine Safety and Health Act of 1977 Federal Mine Safety and Health Act of 1977 The Federal Mine Safety and Health Act of 1977 (Public Law 95-164) amended the Coal Mine Safety and Health Act of 1969. It can be found in the United States Code under Title 30, Mineral Lands and Mining, Chapter 22, Mine Safety and Health. The S. 717 legislation was passed by the 95th United States Congressional session and enacted into law by the 39th President of the United States Jimmy Carter on November 9, 1977. The law of the United States enacted on November 9, 1977 took effect one hundred and twenty

neg: Fisheries law responsibility for federally food labeling policies in Canada under the "Food and Drugs Act" ("F&D Act"). Under the F&D Act, GMOs are defined as “novel foods”. A novel food is allowed to enter the Canadian marketplace only after it has passed an assessment undertaken by various stakeholders. Health Canada is responsible for deciding all health and safety labeling policies for food products, such as special dietary needs or GM products, and ensuring that the products are safe for consumption. The CFIA is responsible for the development of all non-health and safety food labeling regulations and policies and the enforcement of

neg: Tax Parity for Health Plan Beneficiaries Act 111th Congress version, the "Tax Equity for Domestic Partner and Health Plan Beneficiaries Act", was supported by over 75 major U.S. employers that had joined the Business Coalition for Benefits Tax Equity. The bill was incorporated into the Affordable Health Care for America Act. However, it was removed from the Patient Protection and Affordable Care Act and the Health Care and Education Reconciliation Act of 2010, the health care reform acts that were passed by the House and Senate then signed into law by President Obama. Tax Parity for Health Plan Beneficiaries Act The Tax Parity for Health Plan Beneficiaries

neg: Civil Code of Quebec passed until 1992. The Government of Canada has been undertaking a review of all federal laws that deal with private law to ensure that they take into consideration the terminology, concepts and institutions of Quebec civil law. In that regard, the following Acts have been passed: As part of the first Harmonization Act, the "Federal Law and Civil Law of the Province of Quebec Act" was passed, which came into effect on , which: It is estimated that, as of 2011, the federal harmonization project was 46% complete. Civil Code of Quebec The Civil Code of Quebec (CCQ, ) is

neg: Canada Corn Act Canada Corn Act The Canada Corn Act was passed in 1843 by the British Parliament and allowed Canadian grains to enter the British market at reduced duties. The act was repealed in 1846. British passage of the Importation Act 1815 – the Corn Law – impacted the market for Canadian grains by restricting their importation into Britain, despite the fact Canada was part of the British Empire. The 1843 act was enacted to provide some relief to grain farmers in Upper Canada, by reducing the duty of Canada wheat imported into Britain to (a nominal) 1 shilling a quarter. The

neg: Clarity Act Clarity Act The Clarity Act () (known as Bill C-20 before it became law) (the "Act") is legislation passed by the Parliament of Canada that established the conditions under which the Government of Canada would enter into negotiations that might lead to secession following such a vote by one of the provinces. The Clarity Bill (C-20) was tabled for first reading in the House of Commons on 13 December 1999. It was passed by the House on 15 March 2000, and by the Senate, in its final version, on 29 June 2000. Although the law could theoretically be applied to

neg: Copyright Act of Canada Bill C-11, titled the "Copyright Modernization Act". Bill C-11 was passed and received Royal Assent on June 29, 2012. The first "Copyright Act" was passed in 1921 and came into force in 1924. Although Canada was no longer subject to imperial copyright law, the 1921 Act was closely modelled on the UK "Copyright Act" of 1911 to comply with the Berne Convention for the Protection of Literary and Artistic Works. Until 1988 the "Copyright Act" saw only minor amendments while the Government of Canada engaged in a number of studies on copyright reform. New technological developments and the emergence of

neg: Agent Orange Act of 1991 Asia between 1961 and 1975. The H.R. 556 legislation was passed by the 102nd United States Congressional session and enacted into law by the 41st President of the United States George H.W. Bush on February 6, 1991. On December 6, 1979, the 96th United States Congress passed the "Veterans Health Programs Extension and Improvement Act of 1979" which was enacted into law by United States President Jimmy Carter on December 20, 1979. House Bill 3892 endorsed the United States Department of Veterans Affairs to conduct an epidemiological study concerning human exposure and the adverse health effects of dioxins and phenoxy

neg: Transgender rights in Canada the Senate order paper when the 2015 federal election was called. In May 2016, An Act to amend the Canadian Human Rights Act and the Criminal Code (C-16) was introduced to the House of Commons of Canada, to add and include "gender identity or expression" in the "Canadian Human Rights Act." In June 2017, the Canadian Parliament passed the bill C-16 and received royal assent a week later. The law went into effect immediately. Accordingly, discrimination, including harassment, based on real or perceived sexual orientation or HIV/AIDS (and probably transsexuality and possibly transgenderism) is prohibited throughout Canada in private and

neg: Excellent Care for All Act The Act also created the Office of the Patient Ombudsman. Legislators believe that these provisions will make the health care sector more accountable to its patients. Excellent Care for All Act The Excellent Care for All Act, 2010 is a law passed by the Ontario Legislature which attempts to make the health care sector more accountable to its patients. The Act was signed into law by Premier Dalton McGuinty in 2010. The act focused on Ontario patients and the importance of high quality patient health care. The act stipulates a number of requirements that all healthcare organizations must follow. This

neg: International medical graduate on the government such as the Association For Access to Health Care Services, and Association of International Physicians and Surgeons of Ontario. Bill 97, Increasing Access to Qualified Health Professionals for Ontarians Act, was passed in 2008, requiring the College of Physicians and Surgeons to provide adequate numbers of doctors by issuing transitional licenses. However, the college has not complied with the law. In addition to undergoing the regular licensing process as required of all Canadian medical school graduates, IMGs must pass the LMCC Evaluating Examination. IMGs in Canada also have a harder time getting into residency programs compared to

neg: Healthcare reform debate in the United States the House passed their version of a health insurance reform bill, the Affordable Health Care for America Act, 220–215, but this did not become law. On December 24, 2009, the Senate passed the Patient Protection and Affordable Care Act. President Obama signed this into law in March 2010. Republicans continue to claim that they had a workable bill to extend coverage to all Americans and not cost the taxpayer anything, though nothing has been publicly presented to back the claim. The Empowering Patients First Act which was proposed as a replacing amendment to the Senate Bill during the bill mark-up.

neg: Act Against Slavery while all slaves in the province would remain enslaved until death, no new slaves could be brought into Upper Canada, and children born to female slaves after passage of the act would be freed at the age of 25. This law made Upper Canada "the first British colony to abolish slavery". The Act remained in force until 1833 when the British Parliament's "Slavery Abolition Act" abolished slavery in most parts of the British Empire. In 1798, Christopher Robinson introduced a bill in the Legislative Assembly to allow the importation of additional slaves. The bill was passed by the Assembly, but

neg: Pink-collar worker and Waist Industry" which was the first contract between labor and management settled by outside negotiators. The contract formalized the trade's division of labor by gender. Another win for women came in 1921 when congress passed the Sheppard-Towner Act, a welfare measure intended to reduce infant and maternal mortality; it was the first federally funded healthcare act. The act provided federal funds to establish health centers for prenatal and child care. Expectant mothers and children could receive health checkups and health advice. In 1963 the Equal Pay Act was passed making it the first federal law against sex discrimination, equal

neg: Federal Coal Mine Health and Safety Act of 1969 Federal Coal Mine Health and Safety Act of 1969 The Federal Coal Mine Health and Safety Act of 1969, U.S. Public Law 91-173, generally referred to as the Coal Act, was passed by the 91st United States Congressional session and enacted into law by the 37th President of the United States Richard Nixon on December 30, 1969. The S. 2917 legislation created the Mining Enforcement and Safety Administration (MESA), later renamed the Mine Safety and Health Administration (MSHA), as well as a National Mine Map Repository, within the Department of the Interior. MSHAs responsibilities paralleled those of Occupational Safety and

neg: Copyright law of Canada Copyright law of Canada The copyright law of Canada governs the legally enforceable rights to creative and artistic works under the laws of Canada. Canada passed its first colonial copyright statute in 1832 but was subject to imperial copyright law established by Britain until 1921. Current copyright law was established by the Copyright Act of Canada which was first passed in 1921 and substantially amended in 1988, 1997, and 2012. All powers to legislate copyright law are in the jurisdiction of the Parliament of Canada by virtue of section 91(23) of the Constitution Act, 1867. It is unclear to what

neg: Health and Safety at Work etc. Act 1974 introduced an Employed Persons (Health and Safety) Bill in 1970 but the debate around the Bill soon generated a belief that it did not address fundamental issues of workplace safety. In the same year, the Occupational Safety and Health Act was passed into United States federal law. As a result, a committee of inquiry chaired by Lord Robens was established towards the end of Harold Wilson's first government. When the Conservative Party came to power following the United Kingdom general election, 1970, they gave Castle's Bill no parliamentary time, preferring to wait for the Robens Report which was published in

neg: Canada Corn Act to Canada by abolition of the (effective) imperial preference the act had created; the impact of the repeal to grain exports in practice, in the later 1840s and 1850s, remains a subject of historical debate. Canada Corn Act The Canada Corn Act was passed in 1843 by the British Parliament and allowed Canadian grains to enter the British market at reduced duties. The act was repealed in 1846. British passage of the Importation Act 1815 – the Corn Law – impacted the market for Canadian grains by restricting their importation into Britain, despite the fact Canada was part of the

neg: World Trade Center Health Program World Trade Center Health Program The World Trade Center Health Program (WTC Health Program) provides medical benefits to specific groups of individuals affected by the September 11, 2001 terrorist attacks on the United States. The WTC Health Program was established by Title I of the James Zadroga 9/11 Health and Compensation Act (Zadroga Act), P.L. 111-347, which amended the Public Health Service Act. The United States Congress passed the bill in December 2010 and United States President Barack Obama signed it into law on January 2, 2011. The Zadroga Act required the WTC Health Program to begin administering medical benefits

neg: Cannabis Act Cannabis Act The Cannabis Act (also known as Bill C-45) (the "Act") is the law which legalized recreational cannabis use nationwide in Canada in combination with its companion legislation Bill C-46, "An Act to Amend the Criminal Code". The law is a milestone in the legal history of cannabis in Canada, alongside the 1923 prohibition. The "Act" was passed by the House of Commons of Canada in late November 2017. It was passed in the Senate of Canada on June 7, 2018, and the House accepted some Senate amendments and sent the bill back to the Senate on June 18.

neg: Community Mental Health Act Community Mental Health Act The Community Mental Health Act of 1963 (CMHA) (also known as the Community Mental Health Centers Construction Act, Mental Retardation Facilities and Construction Act, Public Law 88-164, or the Mental Retardation and Community Mental Health Centers Construction Act of 1963) was an act to provide federal funding for community mental health centers and research facilities in the United States. This legislation was passed as part of John F. Kennedy's New Frontier. It led to considerable deinstitutionalization. In 1955, Congress passed the Mental Health Study Act, leading to the establishment of the Joint Commission on Mental Illness

neg: United Empire Loyalist slaves. Together with the free Black Loyalists, many chose to go to Sierra Leone in 1792 and following years, seeking a chance for self-government. Meanwhile, Britain passed an imperial law in 1790 that assured prospective immigrants to Canada that they could retain their slaves as property. In 1793, an anti-slavery law was passed, in the 1st Parliament of Upper Canada. The Act Against Slavery, banned the importation of slaves into the colony, and mandated the emancipation of all children born henceforth to female slaves upon reaching the age of 25. The Act was partially introduced due to the influx of

neg: Women's Health and Human Life Protection Act Women's Health and Human Life Protection Act The "Women's Health and Human Life Protection Act" was a state law passed by the South Dakota State Legislature in early 2006. It emerged as an effort to overturn "Roe v. Wade" via enacting a ban on abortion in the state of South Dakota. The law was repealed by voter referendum on November 7, 2006. In 2004, both houses of the South Dakota legislature passed House Bill 1191, outlawing abortions, but it was vetoed by governor Mike Rounds due to a technicality. The state's legislature subsequently passed five laws curtailing the legality of

neg: Women's Health and Human Life Protection Act 56%-44% favoring repeal. Women's Health and Human Life Protection Act The "Women's Health and Human Life Protection Act" was a state law passed by the South Dakota State Legislature in early 2006. It emerged as an effort to overturn "Roe v. Wade" via enacting a ban on abortion in the state of South Dakota. The law was repealed by voter referendum on November 7, 2006. In 2004, both houses of the South Dakota legislature passed House Bill 1191, outlawing abortions, but it was vetoed by governor Mike Rounds due to a technicality. The state's legislature subsequently passed five laws curtailing

neg: Excellent Care for All Act Excellent Care for All Act The Excellent Care for All Act, 2010 is a law passed by the Ontario Legislature which attempts to make the health care sector more accountable to its patients. The Act was signed into law by Premier Dalton McGuinty in 2010. The act focused on Ontario patients and the importance of high quality patient health care. The act stipulates a number of requirements that all healthcare organizations must follow. This includes the maintenance of an active quality committee, performing an annual survey of staff and patients, and linking executive salary to the attainment of quality-improvement targets.

neg: Health Care and Education Reconciliation Act of 2010 Health Care and Education Reconciliation Act of 2010 The Health Care and Education Reconciliation Act of 2010 (, ) is a law that was enacted by the 111th United States Congress, by means of the reconciliation process, in order to amend the Patient Protection and Affordable Care Act (). The law includes the Student Aid and Fiscal Responsibility Act, which was attached as a rider. It was passed by the House of Representatives on March 21, 2010, by a vote of 220–211, and on March 25 passed the Senate by a vote of 56-43, after having two minor provisions relating

neg: Radiation Control for Health and Safety Act of 1968 purposes by the Federal Food, Drug, and Cosmetic Act. The H.R. 10790 legislation was passed by the 90th United States Congressional session and enacted into law by the 36th President of the United States Lyndon B. Johnson on October 18, 1968. Radiation Control for Health and Safety Act of 1968 Radiation Control for Health and Safety Act of 1968 was an amendment to the Public Health Service Act mandating performance standards for electronic products suspectible of electromagnetic radiation or radiation emissions. The United States statute established provisions involving research and development programs for the studies of electromagnetic shielding, ionizing radiation,

neg: Freedom of Information and Protection of Privacy Act (Alberta) Freedom of Information and Protection of Privacy Act (Alberta) Freedom of Information and Protection of Privacy Act, RSA 2000, c F-25 (FOIP Act) is the freedom of information and privacy act for Alberta, Canada. It was passed by the Alberta legislature in June 1994 and came into force on October 1, 1995. In 2002 there were 62 changes made to the Act. This included amendments, references and potential changes to other acts such as Traffic Safety Act, Vital Statistics Act, Election Act, Health Information Act, Mines and Minerals Act, Electronic Transactions Act, Occupational Health and Safety Act and the Municipal

neg: Bob Latta Guard and Reserve Families Act of 2009, which passed into law as part of H.R. 2647, the FY2010 National Defense Authorization Act (NDAA) (Public Law No: 111-84) on October 28, 2009. This provision allows those in the Guard and reserves in the "gray area" to purchase TRICARE Select health care coverage. Working Groups Latta introduced the Sportsmen’s Heritage And Recreational Enhancement Act of 2013 (H.R. 3590; 113th Congress) into the United States House of Representatives on November 21, 2013. The bill is an omnibus bill that covers several firearms, fishing, hunting, and federal land laws. The bill passed the House

neg: DC Healthy Schools Act DC Healthy Schools Act The DC Healthy Schools Act was passed in May 2010 in order to improve the health of students in the District of Columbia. It was enacted in response to both the obesity epidemic in DC and childhood hunger. It targets all DC Public and Charter Schools. The bill was introduced by Councilwoman Mary M. Cheh, passed unanimously and signed into law by Mayor Adrian Fenty. This policy has come about due to the increasing concern about obesity in the United States. Twenty years ago, only 3 percent of Americans thought obesity was the most important health

neg: Reference re Firearms Act Reference re Firearms Act Reference Re Firearms Act is a leading constitutional decision of the Supreme Court of Canada on the division of powers regarding firearms legislation and the Canadian Firearms Registry. A unanimous Court held that the federal "Firearms Act" was constitutionally valid under the federal criminal law power. In 1995, the government of Canada passed the "Firearms Act", which required gun owners to have them registered and to obtain licences for them. The government stated that the law was passed under the authority of the federal government's criminal law power. The "Firearms Act" was closely integrated with the

neg: Canada Evidence Act documents. Canada Evidence Act The Canada Evidence Act is an Act of the Parliament of Canada, first passed in 1893, that regulates the rules of evidence in court proceedings under federal law. As law of evidence is largely set by common law, the Act is not comprehensive. The Act applies to court proceedings conducted under federal law. The Act thus applies in courts and administrative agencies created by the federal Parliament, such as the Federal Court of Canada and the Tax Court of Canada, as well as appeals from those courts to the Federal Court of Appeal and the Supreme

neg: Canada Evidence Act Canada Evidence Act The Canada Evidence Act is an Act of the Parliament of Canada, first passed in 1893, that regulates the rules of evidence in court proceedings under federal law. As law of evidence is largely set by common law, the Act is not comprehensive. The Act applies to court proceedings conducted under federal law. The Act thus applies in courts and administrative agencies created by the federal Parliament, such as the Federal Court of Canada and the Tax Court of Canada, as well as appeals from those courts to the Federal Court of Appeal and the Supreme Court

neg: Health Care and Education Reconciliation Act of 2010 Responsibility Act that passed the House in 2009; but with some slight variation. The reform package included, The law codified the "economic substance" rule of Gregory v. Helvering from 1935, which allows the IRS to invalidate tax avoidance transactions in certain situations. The Congressional Budget Office's last estimate predicted that if both bills were passed into law in 2010, the net reduction in federal deficits would be $143 billion over the 2010–2019 period as a result of the proposed changes in direct spending and revenues. That figure comprises $124 billion in net reductions deriving from the health care and revenue

neg: Director of Public Prosecutions civil code jurisdiction) have a Director of Public Prosecutions office. Recent legislation passed by Parliament split the conduct of federal prosecutions from the Department of Justice, and created the Office of the Director of Public Prosecutions (officially called the Public Prosecution Service of Canada). The Public Prosecution Service of Canada (PPSC) is a federal government organization, created on December 12, 2006, when the "Director of Public Prosecutions Act", Part 3 of the "Federal Accountability Act", came into force. The PPSC fulfills the responsibilities of the Attorney General of Canada in the discharge of his criminal law mandate by prosecuting criminal

neg: Information privacy law developed in the United States in the 1970s by the Department for Health, Education and Welfare (HEW). The basic principles of data protection are: The Data Act is the world's first national data protection law and was enacted in Sweden on 11 May 1973. In Canada, the Personal Information Protection and Electronic Documents Act (PIPEDA) went into effect on 1 January 2001, applicable to private bodies which are federally regulated. All other organizations were included on 1 January 2004. The PIPEDA brings Canada into compliance with EU data protection law. PIPEDA specifies the rules to govern collection, use, or disclosure

neg: 2011 Wisconsin Act 10 2011 Wisconsin Act 10 The 2011 Wisconsin Act 10, also known as the Wisconsin Budget Repair Bill, was legislation proposed by Republican Governor Scott Walker and passed by the Wisconsin Legislature to address a projected $3.6 billion budget deficit. The legislation primarily affected the following areas: collective bargaining, compensation, retirement, health insurance, and sick leave of public sector employees. In response, unions and other groups organized protests inside and around the state capitol. The bill was passed into law and became effective as of June 29, 2011. Public employees exempted from the changes to the collective bargaining law include firefighters

neg: Assisted Human Reproduction Act Assisted Human Reproduction Act The Assisted Human Reproduction Act (the "Act") is law enacted by the Parliament of Canada. Its purpose is to regulate assisted human reproduction (AHR) and related research. It is one of the most comprehensive pieces of legislation in the world concerning reproductive technologies and related research. It was introduced and passed in 2004 and was fully in force by 2007. The "Act" was meant to provide Canadians with a system of licensing, monitoring, inspection and enforcement of activities relating to AHR in order to protect and promote Canadians' health, safety and values. It identifies prohibited activities,

neg: Health Care and Education Reconciliation Act of 2010 it. Later that same day, the House passed the amended bill by a 220–207 vote, sending it to President Obama for a signature. The Health Care and Education Reconciliation Act is divided into two titles, one addressing health care reform and the other addressing student loan reform. The Reconciliation bill made several changes to the Patient Protection and Affordable Care Act that was signed into law seven days earlier on March 23, 2010. These changes include the following: Title II of the reconciliation bill deals with student loan reform. The language is very similar to the Student Aid and Fiscal

neg: Chris Murphy Connecticut. The bill was widely supported by the mental health community, with organizations including the American Psychiatric Association, Mental Health America and the National Council for Behavioral Health applauding its introduction. On March 16, 2016, the Mental Health Reform Act was pass unanimously by the Senate Health, Education, Labor, and Pensions (HELP) Committee. On December 7, 2016, the Senate passed Mental Health Reform as a part of the 21st Century Cures Act. The bill also provided $1 billion in funding to address the opioid crisis and funding for NIH Cancer Moonshot initiative. The bill was signed into law by President

neg: Alaska Native Tribal Health Consortium Land Transfer Act Alaska Native Tribal Health Consortium Land Transfer Act The Alaska Native Tribal Health Consortium Land Transfer Act (; ) is a bill that would transfer some land in Alaska from the federal government to the Alaska Native Tribal Health Consortium, a non-profit health organization. The land will be used to build a patient housing facility so that the organization can treat people who travel there from distant rural areas. The bill passed in the United States House of Representatives during the 113th United States Congress. The bill was signed into law. "This summary is based largely on the summary provided

neg: Mental Health (Public Safety and Appeals) (Scotland) Act 1999 Assent on 13 September 1999, becoming the first legislation to be passed by the Parliament. In 2001, the legislation survived a challenge made to the Judicial Committee of the Privy Council. The act was repealed on 5 October 2005 by the Mental Health (Care and Treatment) (Scotland) Act 2003. Mental Health (Public Safety and Appeals) (Scotland) Act 1999 The Mental Health (Public Safety and Appeals) (Scotland) Act 1999 was an Act of the Scottish Parliament which was passed by the Parliament in September 1999 and was designed to close a loophole in the law which led to the release of

neg: Crown Organisations (Criminal Liability) Act 2002 a loophole in New Zealand law that prevented government departments from being held liable in such a situation. In his report Judge Noble recommended that the Crown's exemptions from the Building Act and the Health and Safety in Employment Act should both be removed. Crown Organisations (Criminal Liability) Act 2002 The Crown Organisations (Criminal Liability) Act 2002 is an Act of Parliament in New Zealand. It was passed into law on 8 October 2002 in the Parliament of New Zealand. The Act changed the existing law to enable Crown organisations - Crown entities, government departments, or government-related organisations - to

neg: United States Department of Veterans Affairs Police order operations. Legislation to expand the powers and authority of the Veterans Affairs Police was eventually rolled into the S.1963 - Caregivers and Veterans Omnibus Health Services Act of 2010 Bill (proposed law) and was re-introduced in the 111th Congress on Oct 28, 2009. The Bill passed the United States Senate on Nov 19, 2009, passed the United States House of Representatives on Apr 21, 2010, and was signed into law by President Barack Obama on May 5, 2010 becoming Public Law No: 111-163. The GPO (Government Publishing Office) has officially published this law in its roles, noting that the

neg: Alaska Mental Health Enabling Act telegram from his Washington-based son L. Ron Hubbard, Jr. and two other Scientologists alerting him to the upcoming February Senate hearings: Although the church says that Scientologists led the opposition to the bill, the "Congressional Record"'s account of the Senate hearings into the bill does not mention the church. A contemporary review of the opposition to the bill likewise attributes the lead role elsewhere and to right-wing groups, rather than the "civil liberties" organizations cited by the church: Alaska Mental Health Enabling Act The Alaska Mental Health Enabling Act of 1956 (Public Law 84-830) was an Act of Congress passed

neg: Supreme Court Act Supreme Court Act The Supreme Court Act (the "Act") is an Act passed by the Parliament of Canada which established the Supreme Court of Canada. It was originally passed in 1875 as the Supreme and Exchequer Courts Act. Although at the time, the Supreme Court was not the supreme authority on Canadian law, as Supreme Court cases could still be appealed to the Judicial Committee of the Privy Council. The "Supreme Court Act" is not a part of the Constitution of Canada but rather was merely within Parliament's ability to pass by virtue of section 101 of the "Constitution Act,

neg: Copyright law of Canada was unclear on whether the work needed to have been first published in the Province. The objective of the colonial copyright statutes was to encourage the printing of books in Canada, though this was not made explicit to avoid conflict with imperial copyright law, which was primarily designed to protect English publishers. Britain forcefully demanded guarantees that British and Irish subjects were eligible for protection under Canadian colonial copyright law in the same way residents of the Canadian colony were. One year after Canada passed the 1841 act, the UK Parliament passed the Copyright Act 1842. The statute explicitly applied

neg: File sharing in Canada and common law, including the Statute of Anne and the Imperial Copyright Act. It was first consolidated into one Canadian statute in 1921, the Copyright Act of Canada. The Act has been amended over the years by various Bills passed by the Canadian parliament. Bill C-32, which received Royal Assent in 1997, amended the Copyright Act of Canada. Among the changes was a provision that legalized music file sharing under certain conditions. The provision states that copying copyrighted sound recordings of musical works for the personal use of the person making the copy, does not constitute a violation of the

neg: Mental Health (Public Safety and Appeals) (Scotland) Act 1999 Mental Health (Public Safety and Appeals) (Scotland) Act 1999 The Mental Health (Public Safety and Appeals) (Scotland) Act 1999 was an Act of the Scottish Parliament which was passed by the Parliament in September 1999 and was designed to close a loophole in the law which led to the release of mentally ill killer, Noel Ruddle, who was released from the state hospital at Carstairs after arguing its treatment programmes were no longer of benefit to him. This was the first act passed by the Scottish Parliament after its establishment in 1999. The Act had two main purposes: The first

neg: Barack Obama on using federal funds for stem cell research. On November 7, 2009, a health care bill featuring the public option was passed in the House. On December 24, 2009, the Senate passed its own bill—without a public option—on a party-line vote of 60–39. On March 21, 2010, the Patient Protection and Affordable Care Act (ACA) passed by the Senate in December was passed in the House by a vote of 219 to 212. Obama signed the bill into law on March 23, 2010. The ACA includes health-related provisions, most of which took effect in 2014, including expanding Medicaid eligibility for

neg: Department of Justice (Canada) East became the new Department of the Militia, following its former Attorney General, George-Étienne Cartier. The Department of Justice came into being in May 1868, when the Department of Justice Act was passed by Parliament. The Act formally recognized the informal structure that was already in place. The Act also laid out the distinct roles of the Minister of Justice and the Attorney General: the Minister was a partisan political adviser to the Crown, while the Attorney General provided legal services. The new Department of Justice had only seven staff: two barristers-at-law (including the Deputy Minister, Hewitt Bernard), a clerk

neg: Crown Organisations (Criminal Liability) Act 2002 Crown Organisations (Criminal Liability) Act 2002 The Crown Organisations (Criminal Liability) Act 2002 is an Act of Parliament in New Zealand. It was passed into law on 8 October 2002 in the Parliament of New Zealand. The Act changed the existing law to enable Crown organisations - Crown entities, government departments, or government-related organisations - to be prosecuted for offences under the Building Act and the Health and Safety in Employment Act 1992. While Crown organisations were required to comply with both pieces of legislation since their enactment, it was not previously possible to prosecute those organisations for offences committed

neg: Toxic Substances Control Act of 1976 Toxic Substances Control Act of 1976 The Toxic Substances Control Act (TSCA) is a United States law, passed by the United States Congress in 1976 and administered by the United States Environmental Protection Agency, that regulates the introduction of new or already existing chemicals. When the TSCA was put into place, all existing chemicals were considered to be safe for use and subsequently grandfathered in. Its three main objectives are to assess and regulate new commercial chemicals before they enter the market, to regulate chemicals already existing in 1976 that posed an "unreasonable risk to health or to the environment",

neg: Federal Trade Commission Act of 1914 1914; passed the House on September 10, without a tally of yeas and nays, and was signed into law by President Wilson on September 26. Federal Trade Commission Act of 1914 The Federal Trade Commission Act of 1914 established the Federal Trade Commission. The Act, signed into law by Woodrow Wilson in 1914, outlaws unfair methods of competition and outlaws unfair acts or practices that affect commerce. The inspiration and motivation for this act started in 1890, when the Sherman Act was passed. This era in time was an antitrust movement to prevent manufacturers from joining price-fixing cartels. After the

neg: British Columbia v Imperial Tobacco Canada Ltd British Columbia v Imperial Tobacco Canada Ltd British Columbia v Imperial Tobacco Canada Ltd, [2005] 2 S.C.R. 473, 2005 SCC 49, is a decision of the Supreme Court of Canada where the Court found that the provincial "Tobacco Damages and Health Care Costs Recovery Act", which allowed the government to sue tobacco companies, was constitutionally valid. Imperial Tobacco Canada is an indirect subsidiary of British American Tobacco. The British Columbia government passed the Tobacco Damages and Health Care Costs Recovery Act that granted the government power to sue tobacco manufacturers for breach of duty to recover costs on the health

neg: Ontario Family Law Act Ontario Family Law Act The Family Law Act (R.S.O. 1990, c. F.3) is a statute passed by the Legislative Assembly of Ontario in 1990, regulating the rights of spouses and dependants in regard to property, support, inheritance, prenuptial agreements, separation agreements, and other matters of family law. In 1999, this statute was the subject of a watershed ruling in "M. v. H." by the Supreme Court of Canada that established the equality of spousal rights for same-sex couples under Canadian law. The most recent digital version came into effect 24 July 2014. Consolidation Period: From May 28, 2015 to the

neg: Alberta Health Insurance Act (1935) care administration cost $294.3 billion, or $1,059 per capita (Table 1). In Canada, health care administration cost $9.4 billion, or $307 per capita". The United Farmers of Alberta (UFA) government passed the commission's recommendations as the Alberta Health Insurance Act in February 1935. The party subsequently lost the 1935 provincial election, however, and the new government did not follow through with the insurance plan. In 1948, the Alberta government passed legislation for a medical insurance program. This led to the establishment of Medical Services (Alberta), which was superseded by Canada's national medicare program in 1969. Alberta Health Insurance Act (1935)

neg: Mental health provisions in Title V of the No Child Left Behind Act of 2001 people who seek treatment for mental health disorders is fewer than 30%. Finally, despite improvement in the rations of students to counselors in schools, the 2008-9 ratio of 457:1 still greatly exceeds the ration recommended by the ACA, which is 250:1 Mental health provisions in Title V of the No Child Left Behind Act of 2001 As a part of the No Child Left Behind Act of 2001, congress passed into law two subparts of Part D of Title V (Promoting Informed Parental Choice and Innovative Programs) of that Act pertaining to mental health interventions as they relate to students.

neg: Mental health provisions in Title V of the No Child Left Behind Act of 2001 Mental health provisions in Title V of the No Child Left Behind Act of 2001 As a part of the No Child Left Behind Act of 2001, congress passed into law two subparts of Part D of Title V (Promoting Informed Parental Choice and Innovative Programs) of that Act pertaining to mental health interventions as they relate to students. Those subparts are Subpart 2, Section 5241: Elementary and Secondary School Counseling Programs and Subpart 14, Section 5541: Grants for the Integration of Schools and Mental Health Systems and Section 5542: Promotion of School Readiness through Early Childhood Emotional and Social

neg: Women's Health and Human Life Protection Act abortion in 2005. The majority of a legislative "task force" then issued a report recommending that the Legislature illegalize all abortions, which would lead to a challenge of the constitutionality of "Roe v. Wade" in the United States Supreme Court. A separate minority report criticizing the process and reaching different conclusions was also released. In February 2006, the Legislature passed the "Women's Health and Human Life Protection Act", which was signed into law by Governor Mike Rounds on March 6, 2006. This law would have forbidden pregnancy termination under virtually every circumstance, including for victims of rape and incest, with

neg: Presidency of Barack Obama Patient Protection and Affordable Care Act. In March 2010, after Obama announced an executive order reinforcing the current law against spending federal funds for elective abortion services, the House passed the Patient Protection and Affordable Care Act. The bill, which had passed the Senate in December 2009, did not receive a single Republican vote in either house. On March 23, 2010, President Obama signed the PPACA into law. The "New York Times" described the PPACA as "the most expansive social legislation enacted in decades," while the "Washington Post" noted that it was the biggest expansion of health insurance coverage since

neg: McCullen v. Coakley McCullen v. Coakley McCullen v. Coakley, 573 U.S. ___ (2014), is a United States Supreme Court case. The Court unanimously held that Massachusetts' fixed abortion buffer zones, established via amendments to that state's Reproductive Health Care Facilities Act, violated the First Amendment to the U.S. Constitution because it limited free speech too broadly. In 1994, the US Congress passed the Freedom of Access to Clinic Entrances Act. In 2000, Massachusetts passed an analogous state law, the Reproductive Health Care Facilities Act. In 2007, the act was amended to create a buffer zone around reproductive health care facilities. The amended Act

neg: Divorce Act (Canada) Parliament passed its first "Divorce Act", which established a uniform divorce law across Canada. In addition to bringing about uniformity, the 1968 "Act": In 1986, Parliament replaced the "Act", which simplified the law of divorce further. It brought forth several significant changes: While divorce is a civil matter in Canadian law, lobbying from Jewish women’s groups such as the Canadian Coalition of Jewish Women for the Gett served to highlight the problem of "agunah" in Canada, and the connected problem of obtaining a "get" in the Jewish rabbinical courts. The "Act" was amended in 1990 to provide that: There are

neg: Reconciliation (United States Congress) after the time period covered by the budget resolution. The Health Care and Education Reconciliation Act of 2010 () is a reconciliation bill passed by the 111th United States Congress to make changes to the Patient Protection and Affordable Care Act (PPACA). It was signed into law by President Barack Obama on March 30, 2010. The PPACA bill itself was not passed using reconciliation but in the years following the passage of the PPACA, several Republicans proposed using reconciliation to repeal major parts of the PPACA. In 2016, Republicans passed a bill via reconciliation to undo parts of PPACA, although

neg: Newborn Screening Saves Lives Act of 2007 the Newborn Screening Saves Act was reintroduced as S. 1858 after S. 1634 was combined with the competing legislation, the Screening for Health of Infants and Newborn Act [S. 1712] sponsored by Senator Hillary Clinton (D-NY). With this merge, Senator Chris Dodd (D-CT), Senator Hillary Clinton (D-NY), Senator Orrin Hatch (R-UT), and Senator Edward Kennedy (D-MA) led the way on this bill, which became the Newborn Screening Saves Lives Act that was ultimately passed and signed into law. The companion bill was H.R. 3825. The Newborn Screen Saves Lives Act (NBSSLA) expanded the authorizations and duties of the Health Resources

neg: Deborah Ortiz for authoring the California Freedom of Access to Clinic and Church Entrances Act (or California FACE Act) and the Reproductive Rights Law Enforcement Act in 2001. Passed by the Legislature and signed into law by Governor Davis, the law protects reproductive health care clients, providers and assistants and also worshipers and places of worship. Motivated by attacks on abortion patients, providers, clinics, and clinic escorts, it targets crimes, not First Amendment-protected speech. She also authored laws that required criminal background checks for school employees after the death of Michelle Montoya at Rio Linda High School. Michelle Montoya was brutally raped

neg: La Follette-Bulwinkle Act La Follette-Bulwinkle Act La Follette-Bulwinkle Act or Venereal Diseases Control and Prevention Act of 1938 sanctioned federal assistance to U.S. states establishing preventive healthcare for venereal diseases. The United States federal statute commissioned the United States Public Health Service for demonstrations, investigations, and studies as related to the control, prevention, and treatment of opportunistic infections. The public law amended the Army Appropriations Act of 1918 appending the judicial context which created the Division of Venereal Diseases within the Bureau of the Public Health Service. The S. 3290 legislation was passed during the 75th United States Congressional session and enacted into

neg: History of Idaho was also a major part of the Progressive movement. In 1919, the Idaho legislature passed an Act legalizing the forced sterilization of some persons institutionalized in the state. The act was vetoed by governor D.W. Davis, who doubted its scientific merits and believed it likely violated the Equal Protection clause of the US Constitution. In 1925, the Idaho legislature passed a revised eugenics act, now tailored to avoid Davis's earlier objections. The new law created a state board of eugenics, charged with: The Eugenics board was eventually folded into the state's health commission; between 1932 and 1964, a total of

neg: LGBT rights in Canada "An Act to amend the Canadian Human Rights Act and the Criminal Code" (C-16) was introduced to the House of Commons of Canada, to add and include "gender identity or expression" in the "Canadian Human Rights Act." In June 2017, the Canadian Parliament passed the bill and it received royal assent a week later. The law went into effect immediately. The bill was approved 67-11 in the Senate and 248-40 in the House of Commons. Accordingly, discrimination, including harassment, based on real or perceived sexual orientation, gender identity, or HIV/AIDS status is prohibited throughout Canada in private and public sector

neg: Mental Health Parity Act Paul Wellstone and Pete Domenici Mental Health Parity and Addiction Equity Act (MHPAEA), which the 110th United States Congress passed as rider legislation on the Troubled Asset Relief Program (TARP), signed into law by President George W. Bush in October 2008. Notably, the 2010 Patient Protection and Affordable Care Act extended the reach of MHPAEA provisions to many health insurance plans outside its previous scope. The MHPA applies to group health plans for plan years beginning on or after January 1, 1998. The original sunset provision provided that the parity requirements would not apply to benefits for services furnished on

neg: Riot Act rioters. However, it was claimed to be read at a bonfire in the village of Chiddingfold, Surrey, in 1929. The last time it was read in Scotland was by the deputy town clerk James Gildea in Airdrie in 1971. The act was repealed on 18 July 1973 for the United Kingdom by the Statute Law (Repeals) Act 1973 (by which time riot was no longer punishable by death). The Riot Act passed into the law of those countries that were then colonies of Great Britain, including the North American colonies that would become the United States and Canada. In many

neg: Public Health Cigarette Smoking Act causally related to cigarette smoking. Congress previously passed the Cigarette Labeling and Advertising Act in 1965; requiring that all cigarette packages sold in the United States carry a health warning. But after a recommendation by the Federal Trade Commission, the Public Health Cigarette Smoking Act amended the 1965 law so that the warnings are made in the name of the Surgeon General. One of the major advocates of the cigarette advertising ban was the Federal Communications Commission. The FCC argued that since the topic of smoking is controversial, numerous TV and radio stations continued to break the Fairness Doctrine when

neg: Rick Lazio also included the Native American Housing Assistance and Self Determination Act (NAHASDA). Enacted into law in 1996, NAHASDA provides housing assistance to Native American communities. It also created a new HUD division, which combined several pre-existing programs into a single block grant program committed to the task of tribal housing. Outside of the housing area, Lazio introduced the Ticket to Work and Work Incentives Improvement Act of 1999, which allowed Americans with disabilities to enter the workforce while maintaining their health insurance. That legislation also passed and was signed into law. During his time in Congress, Lazio championed the case

neg: Alberta Health Insurance Act (1935) Alberta Health Insurance Act (1935) The Alberta Health Insurance Act was an act passed by the Government of Alberta in February 1935. It was the first Canadian health insurance act to provide some public funding for medical services, and as such is considered to be an early step toward the provision of medicare in Canada. In 1932, the College of Physicians and Surgeons of Alberta prepared a brief for a commission on health care reform that had been established by the Government of Alberta. The brief was presented by Albert Ernest Archer, an early supporter of public health care in

neg: Comparison of the healthcare systems in Canada and the United States the state's program is unaffordable, which the state itself says is "a commonly repeated myth". In 2009, in a minor amendment, the plan did eliminate dental, hospice and skilled nursing care for certain categories of noncitizens covering 30,000 people (victims of human trafficking and domestic violence, applicants for asylum and refugees) who do pay taxes. In July 2009, Connecticut passed into law a plan called SustiNet, with the goal of achieving health care coverage of 98% of its residents by 2014. US President Donald Trump has declared his intent to repeal the Affordable Care Act, but has failed to do

neg: John Fleming (American politician) subject of more than 50 repeal attempts by the Republican-controlled House. Fleming called the ACA "the most dangerous piece of legislation ever passed by Congress." When asked about fixing the healthcare law instead of repealing it, he said it was "not fixable or repairable." Fleming helped write, cosponsored and introduced the Republican Study Committee's American Health Care Reform Act of 2013, which was re-introduced in 2015. The legislation would have repealed the ACA and the health care provisions of the Health Care and Education Reconciliation Act of 2010 and implemented different health-care related provisions. In a September 19, 2011, interview

neg: History of local government in England Poor Law Unions, in order to administer the Poor Law more effectively; these unions were able to collect taxes (“rates”) in order to carry out poor-relief. Each union was run by a Board of Guardians, partly elected but also including local Justices of the Peace. In 1866, all land which was not part of ecclesiastical parishes was formed into Civil Parishes for administration of the poor law. In the municipal boroughs the poor law was administered by the town corporation. In 1848, a Public Health Act was passed, establishing a Local Board of Health in towns, to regulate sewerage and

neg: Community Mental Health Act or expertise to deal with them. In many cases, patients wound up in adult homes or with their families, or homeless in large cities, but without the mental health care they needed. Community Mental Health Act The Community Mental Health Act of 1963 (CMHA) (also known as the Community Mental Health Centers Construction Act, Mental Retardation Facilities and Construction Act, Public Law 88-164, or the Mental Retardation and Community Mental Health Centers Construction Act of 1963) was an act to provide federal funding for community mental health centers and research facilities in the United States. This legislation was passed as

neg: Mental Health Act, 1987 its opening paragraph as "An Act to provide for mental healthcare and services for persons with mental illness and to protect, promote and fulfil the rights of such persons during delivery of mental healthcare and services and for matters connected therewith or incidental thereto." Mental Health Act, 1987 In India, the Mental Health Act was passed on 22 May 1987. The law was described in its opening paragraph as "An Act to consolidate and amend the law relating to the treatment and care of mentally ill persons, to make better provision with respect to their property and affairs and for

neg: Corruption of Foreign Public Officials Act Corruption of Foreign Public Officials Act The Corruption of Foreign Public Officials Act (CFPOA) (the "Act") is an anti-corruption law in force in Canada. It was passed in 1999, ratifying the OECD Convention on Combating Bribery of Foreign Public Officials in International Business Transactions and is often referred to as the Canadian equivalent to the United States' "Foreign Corrupt Practices Act" (FCPA). Canada has jurisdiction over the bribery of a foreign public official when the offense is committed in whole or in part in its territory. To be subject to the jurisdiction of Canadian courts, a significant portion of the

neg: Bail Act 2013 of victims, individuals or the community, or interfere with witnesses or evidence". The Bail Act 2013 passed in the NSW parliament in May 2013. In response to a review, Bail Act reforms passed parliament in September 2014, and came into effect on 28 January 2015. On 9 June 2011, Premier Barry O'Farrell announced that the NSW Law Reform Commission would review the bail law. In April 2012, the Commission reported that the previous law had become complex, making it difficult even for legal practitioners to understand and apply. The Bail Act 1978 was considered "groundbreaking" when enacted but has been

neg: Succession to the Crown Act 2013 it was expecting to bring the provisions into force at the same time as the other realms would be bringing into force any changes to their legislation or other changes necessary for them to implement the Perth Agreement. This was done on 26 March 2015. The legislation passed in the realms of Australia, Barbados, and Canada make reference to the United Kingdom legislation in different ways. The Succession to the Crown Act 2015, passed by the parliament of the Commonwealth of Australia, is expressed to be for changing "the law relating to the effect of gender and marriage on royal

neg: Health Maintenance Organization Act of 1973 Health Maintenance Organization Act of 1973 The Health Maintenance Organization Act of 1973 (Pub. L. 93-222 codified as 42 U.S.C. §300e) is a United States statute enacted on December 29, 1973. The Health Maintenance Organization Act, informally known as the federal HMO Act, is a federal law that provides for a trial federal program to promote and encourage the development of health maintenance organizations (HMOs). The federal HMO Act amended the Public Health Service Act, which Congress passed in 1944. The principal sponsor of the federal HMO Act was Sen. Edward M. Kennedy (MA). President Richard Nixon signed bill S.14

neg: Racial Justice Act Racial Justice Act The North Carolina Racial Justice Act of 2009 prohibited seeking or imposing the death penalty on the basis of race. It passed both the North Carolina State Senate and North Carolina House of Representatives and was signed into law by Governor Beverly Perdue. The law was repealed in 2013. (In 1998 Kentucky had passed the first Racial Justice Act in the country. By comparison, it was more narrowly drawn than that in North Carolina.) North Carolina's act identified types of evidence that might be considered by the court when considering whether race was a basis for seeking

neg: National Parks Act (Canada) National Parks Act (Canada) The Canada National Parks Act, "An Act respecting the national parks of Canada" (the "Act") is a Canadian federal law that regulates protection of natural areas of national significance. The "Dominion Forest Reserves and Parks Act" was passed in 1927, followed by the first "National Parks Act" in 1930. The current "Canada National Parks Act" was assented on October 20, 2000 and has been amended since. The "Act" enables Parks Canada to designate and maintain national parks and national park reserves. Within these, additional wildland areas may be designated. Natural resources in protected areas are dedicated

neg: Abortion in the United Kingdom changes brought the issue of abortion back into the political arena. The Abortion Act 1967 sought to clarify the law. Introduced by David Steel and subject to heated debate, it allowed for legal abortion on a number of grounds, with the added protection of free provision through the National Health Service. The Act was passed on 27 October 1967 and came into effect on 27 April 1968. The Act provided a defence for doctors performing an abortion on any of the following grounds: Before the Human Fertilisation and Embryology Act 1990 mended the Act, the Infant Life Preservation Act 1929

neg: Model State Emergency Health Powers Act based upon or featured provisions related to the articles or sections of the act. Of these, 48 had passed. Model State Emergency Health Powers Act The Model State Emergency Health Powers Act (MSEHPA) is a public health act originally drafted by the Center for Disease Control and Prevention to aid the United States' state legislatures in revising their public health laws to control epidemics and respond to bioterrorism. The CDC's draft was revised by the Center for Law and the Public's Health, a collaboration between Georgetown University and Johns Hopkins University. By December 21, 2001, the act was released to