query: when did the center of the western art world shift from europe to the u.s

pos: Abstract expressionism Abstract expressionism Abstract expressionism is a post–World War II art movement in American painting, developed in New York in the 1940s. It was the first specifically American movement to achieve international influence and put New York City at the center of the western art world, a role formerly filled by Paris. Although the term "abstract expressionism" was first applied to American art in 1946 by the art critic Robert Coates, it had been first used in Germany in 1919 in the magazine "Der Sturm", regarding German Expressionism. In the United States, Alfred Barr was the first to use this term

neg: USS Hobson (DD-464) the western Atlantic. Groups such as "Ranger"s did much to protect Allied shipping in the Atlantic from U-boats, and contributed to the eventual victory in Europe. Typical of "Hobson"s versatile performance was her rescue off Bermuda of 45 survivors from the British merchantman on 2 March 1943. The freighter had been torpedoed and sunk four days earlier by the German submarine and the no. 3 lifeboat with 35 crew and passengers, under a red sail and towing a liferaft holding 10 more crewmen, had sailed 93 nautical miles southwest of the sinking, when it was spotted by "Ranger"s aircraft at

neg: Shift matrix the null matrix when raised to the power of its dimension "n". Let "L" and "U" be the "n" by "n" lower and upper shift matrices, respectively. The following properties hold for both "U" and "L". Let us therefore only list the properties for "U": The following properties show how "U" and "L" are related: If "N" is any nilpotent matrix, then "N" is similar to a block diagonal matrix of the form where each of the blocks "S", "S", ..., "S" is a shift matrix (possibly of different sizes). Then formula_14 Clearly there are many possible permutations. For example,

neg: Safe Haven Museum and Education Center Safe Haven Museum and Education Center The Safe Haven Museum and Education Center is a museum in Oswego, New York that tells the story of 982 mainly Jewish refugees who fled Europe in the U S Government "Safe Haven" program. They came to the Fort Ontario Emergency Refugee Shelter in Oswego, New York, in August 1944. Safe Haven was the "only" Official U.S. Government activity to Rescue Jewish refugees during the Second World War, for victims of the Nazi Holocaust. The refugees were brought from Italy, but deliberately only from other parts of Europe. They were all fleeing from the

neg: Islamic philosophy of Avicennism. Since the political power shift in Western Europe (Spain and Portugal) from Muslim to Christian control, the Muslims naturally did not practice philosophy in Western Europe. This also led to some loss of contact between the 'west' and the 'east' of the Islamic world. Muslims in the 'east' continued to do philosophy, as is evident from the works of Ottoman scholars and especially those living in Muslim kingdoms within the territories of present-day Iran and India, such as Shah Waliullah and Ahmad Sirhindi. This fact has escaped most pre-modern historians of Islamic (or Arabic) philosophy. In addition, logic

neg: Renaissance natural sciences, philosophy and mathematics, rather than on such cultural texts. In the revival of neo-Platonism Renaissance humanists did not reject Christianity; quite the contrary, many of the Renaissance's greatest works were devoted to it, and the Church patronized many works of Renaissance art. However, a subtle shift took place in the way that intellectuals approached religion that was reflected in many other areas of cultural life. In addition, many Greek Christian works, including the Greek New Testament, were brought back from Byzantium to Western Europe and engaged Western scholars for the first time since late antiquity. This new engagement

neg: Slavery in medieval Europe slavery of the ancient world ceased to exist in the Europe of the 10th century and was followed by feudal serfdom. Jean-Pierre Devroey thinks that the shift from slavery to serfdom was gradual as well in some parts of the continent. Other areas, though, did not have what he calls "western-style serfdom" after the end of slavery, such as the rural areas of the Byzantine Empire, Iceland, and Scandinavia. Complicating this issue is that regions in Europe often had both serfs and slaves simultaneously. In northwestern Europe, a transition from slavery to serfdom happened by the 12th century. The Catholic

neg: Australian art art management and conservation. The National Rock Art Institute would bring together existing rock art expertise from Griffith University, Australian National University, and the University of Western Australia if they were funded by philanthropists, big business and government. Rock Art Research is published twice a year and also covers international scholarship of rock art. Early Western art in Australia, from 1788 onwards, is often narrated as the gradual shift from a European sense of light to an Australian one. The lighting in Australia is notably different from that of Europe, and early attempts at landscapes attempted to reflect this. It

neg: Oriental carpets in Renaissance painting to Western Europe, and consequently were available to the Renaissance artists. Village or nomadic rugs did not reach Europe during the Renaissance, and were not depicted in paintings. Not until the mid twentieth century, when collectors like Joseph V. McMullan or James F. Ballard recognized the artistic and art historic value of village or nomadic carpets, were they appreciated in the Western World. Pile carpets with geometric design are known to have been produced from the 13th century among the Seljuks of Rum in eastern Anatolia, whom Venice had had commercial relations since 1220. The Medieval trader and traveler Marco

neg: Philip Pocock founder Wolfgang Staehle, as well as the "Equator" group, Philip Pocock produced "H|u|m|b|o|t" for the ZKM Center for Art and Media's "net_condition" exhibition in Karlsruhe, Germany, initiated with support from the Goethe-Institut, Caracas, Venezuela. H|u|m|b|o|t is a movie-mapping, an atlas plotted to ubiquitous screens, transmitted from a database of text and video, mapped as a single screen-world, with the help of an intelligent, self-organizing mapping algorithm from the Finnish mathematician, Teuvo Kohonen. "H|u|m|b|o|t"s text source was Alexander von Humboldt's scientific travelogue, "Personal Narrative of a Journey to the Equinoctial Regions of the New Continent 1799–1804", each paragraph of which was

neg: Jia Zhangke the end of "Unknown Pleasures" when Xiao Wu, the character (Wang Hongwei again), attempts to buy the DVD of "Xiao Wu", the film. Beginning with 2004's "The World", Jia began to work with official approval from the Chinese government. The shift from independent to state-approved was not in isolation, however, but was part of a broader movement by many "underground" film directors turning legitimate. For many critics, the shift to legitimacy did not blunt Jia's critical eye, and "The World" was well received both abroad and – somewhat surprisingly – by the Chinese government. Taking place in Beijing World Park,

neg: View (magazine) in Europe, but took refuge in the U.S. during World War II bringing with them the avant-garde ideas of the time and precipitating a shift of the center of the art world from Paris to New York. It attracted contributions from writers like Wallace Stevens, an interview with whom was featured in the first number of "View", William Carlos Williams, Joseph Cornell, Edouard Roditi, Henry Miller, Lawrence Durrell, Paul Bowles, Brion Gysin, Philip Lamantia, Paul Goodman, Marshall McLuhan, André Breton, Raymond Roussel, Albert Camus, Jean-Paul Sartre, Jean Genet or Jorge Luis Borges and artists like Pablo Picasso, Paul Klee, Fernand

neg: Dave Kerman band toured 25 cities in Western Europe and 14 cities in Eastern Europe during 1995. The 5uu's has been Kerman's principal band, for which he is best known. He composed most of the music for this group. In 1988 the 5uu's and another Los Angeles band, Motor Totemists Guild merged to form U Totem to play at the Frankfurt Art Rock Festival in Germany. U Totem toured Europe and North America and made two albums, and Kerman remained with the band until its demise in 1994. While in Europe with U Totem in 1993, guitarist/composer Roger Trigaux of the Belgian

neg: Wilhelm von Bode became general director of what is now the Berlin State Museums in 1905, succeeding Richard Schöne. Many of his efforts were devoted to the new Kaiser Friedrich Museum on Museum Island; his close relationship with the imperial family, his political astuteness, and his relationships with artists and collectors throughout Europe enabled to amass a major collection for the museum. In the 1890s Berlin was far behind Munich and Dresden in its art collections, but with the enthusiastic participation of Wilhelm II, Bode was able to shift the center of the German art world to the capital. He was also in

neg: Pyrite the pyrite structure may be derived from the fluorite structure, starting from a hypothetical Fe(S) structure. Whereas F ions in CaF occupy the centre positions of the eight subcubes of the cubic unit cell ( ) etc., the S ions in FeS are shifted from these high symmetry positions along <111> axes to reside on ("uuu") and symmetry-equivalent positions. Here, the parameter "u" should be regarded as a free atomic parameter that takes different values in different pyrite-structure compounds (iron pyrite FeS: "u"(S) = 0.385 ). The shift from fluorite "u" = 0.25 to pyrite "u" = 0.385 is rather

neg: Sema Soygeniş bildigin isi yap!”, Hincal’in Yeri (Hincal Uluc) / Sabah, 12 Aralik 2006. 2005 -------, An Exhibition by Turkish Architects at Building Information Center in Istanbul, Arab Construction World (Lebanon), Vol XXII Issue 3, s.59, Beyrut, Lubnan, April 2005. 2003 Alsac, U., “Mimarlik konusunda iki ilginc kitap”, Cumhuriyet Kitap (Yayin Tanitim : Yapilar + Projeler 2, Birsen yayinevi, Istanbul, 2003), Sayi 691, s. 14, 15 Mayis 2003. 2002 -----, “First Thursday”, AIABaltimore, July–August 2002, s. 5. 2002 -----, “Yeni dunya, yerli projeler”, Radikal, 29 Ags 2002, s. 17. 1998 -----. “Chemical Factory in Istanbul”, Architecture Europe, (Project Profile / Ed. F.

neg: Modern history within ordinary Germans. After World War II, Europe was informally split into Western and Soviet [[Sphere of influence|spheres of influence]]. [[Western Europe]] later aligned as the [[NATO|North Atlantic Treaty Organization]] (NATO) and [[Eastern Europe]] as the [[Warsaw Pact]]. There was a shift in power from Western Europe and the [[British Empire]] to the two new superpowers, the United States and the Soviet Union. These two rivals would later face off in the [[Cold War]]. In Asia, the defeat of Japan led to its [[democratization]]. [[Chinese Civil War|China's civil war]] continued through and after the war, resulting eventually in the establishment

neg: Ural owl subspecies "S. u. macroura". Birds in northeast Poland and Scandinavia belong to the subspecies "S. u. liturata", and those in western Siberia to the dominant race "S. u. uralensis". The northern populations of the Ural owl occupy similar habitat to the great grey owl, nesting in lowland forests but avoiding dense areas, especially those of purely conifers. In central Europe it is an upland species, preferring deciduous woodland. It usually occupies open woodland and is more often found in moist rather than dry areas. It nests in hollow tree trunks, occasionally in old raptor nests, and increasingly in nestboxes. It

neg: Peter Dohmen had been used for thousands of years, and can be seen at the Vatican, St. Mark’s Basilica in Venice, and most of the extraordinary buildings of old Europe. Other Minnesota locations of Dohmen's stained glass art are Messiah Episcopal Church in Saint Paul, Pilgrim Lutheran Church in Minneapolis, and Richfield United Methodist Church. He was often invited to display his works of art in many art exhibitions in Europe as well as in the U. S. He retired from the business in 1972 and died in May 1977 in Koenigswinter, Germany. He left behind some of the most extraordinary works

neg: SM U-83 SM U-83 SM "U-83" was a Type U 81 u-boat of the German Imperial Navy () during the First World War. She had been commissioned and deployed to operate off the coast of the British Isles and attack coastal shipping as part of the German U-boat campaign. In a six-month career, "U-83" made two combat patrols into the South-Western Approaches during the Atlantic campaign. In these patrols she sank five allied merchant ships for . On 17 February 1917, she torpedoed the British Q-ship off the Irish coast, but was sunk by "Farnborough"s hidden armaments when she approached too close.

neg: Economic history of Italy of Venetian lagoons, the high population density and the institutional structure which inspired entrepreneurs. The Republic of Venice was the first real international financial center, which slowly emerged from the 9th century to its peak in the 14th century. Tradeable bonds as a commonly used type of security, were invented by the Italian city-states (such as Venice and Genoa) of the late medieval and early Renaissance periods. During the 17th and 18th centuries Italy experienced a decline in relative economic standing. Military conflicts, political fractionalization, limited fiscal capacity and the shift of world trade to north-western Europe and the Americas

neg: History of Riga close to half of Latvia's inhabitants. UNESCO has declared Riga's historical center a World Heritage site in recognition of its Art Nouveau architecture, widely considered the greatest collection in Europe, and for its 19th-century buildings in wood. The Daugava River ("Western Dvina", "Dúna" in Old Norse) has been a trade route since antiquity, part of the Viking's Dvina-Dnieper navigation route via portage to Byzantium. A sheltered natural harbor 15 km upriver from the mouth of the Daugavathe site of today's Rigahas been recorded as an area of settlement, the "Duna Urbs", as early as the 2nd century, when ancient sources

neg: Vietnam Combat Artists Program War, the Army continued to use both soldier and civilian artists. They have covered such peacetime activities as summer training for Reserve Officers' Training Corps (ROTC) West Point cadets, Army National Guard annual training, and tank gunnery training in Europe. The Army Art Collection has also acquired depictions of the Army's operations in Panama and Operations DESERT SHIELD and DESERT STORM." In 2003, former Vietnam soldier-artist James Pollock gave a presentation entitled "U. S. Army Vietnam Combat Art Program" about Vietnam Era soldier artists at Mary Pickford Theater, U. S. Library of Congress at which he said: "On January 14,

neg: Art of the Crusades say with certainty whether influences or new types of objects arriving in Europe at this period did so via Islamic Spain, the Byzantine world, or the Crusader states. Historians tend to discount the importance of the Crusader States in this regard, despite the very well developed Italian trading networks there. European castle-building was certainly decisively influenced by the crusaders. Art of the Crusades Crusader Art is mainly viewed as a mixture of western and eastern art traditions which is due primarily to many different backgrounds of the artists. It spanned two artistic periods in Europe, the Romanesque and the Gothic,

neg: James Pollock (artist) 1967 he served on U. S Army Vietnam Combat Artist Team IV (CAT IV). Art completed by Pollock during his assignment as a Vietnam soldier-artist is in the permanent U.S. Army Art Collection, maintained by the U.S. Army Center of Military History (CMH), Washington, D.C. Pollock's art has been included in traveling exhibits organized by the U.S Army Center of Military History. The collection of the Emil A. Blackmore Museum in Indianapolis, Indiana also includes a piece of Pollock's art from the Vietnam era. From October 27, 2000 through January 7, 2001, Pollock's work produced while a member of the

neg: Arizona copper mine strike of 1983 to talk directly to the workers. "The copper you produce here", he told the miners, had to compete with copper produced in Canada, South America, Africa, Asia, Europe, and Australia. Essentially the price for copper is the same all over the world. And no U. S. producer can continue operating for very long when its cost of producing a pound of copper approaches or exceeds the price for which it can be sold. Munroe also pointed out that Arizona miners wages had risen at an annual rate of nearly 15 percent during the 1970s, while the average U. S. manufacturing

neg: Esperanto orthography a keyboard layout that has Latin dead keys (for example, the "US International" keyboard), whenever the user wants to write in Esperanto. Some keyboards with dead keys are: Another option is to use a keyboard layout that supports the Compose key (usually mapped to the right alt or to one of the windows keys). Then, "compose-u u" will combine the character u with the breve, and "compose-shift-6 s" will combine the character s with the circumflex (assuming "shift-6" is the position of the caret). In GNOME, there exists a separate keyboard layout for Esperanto, replacing unused characters in Esperanto with

neg: Culture of Newport News, Virginia vehicles, artifacts, uniforms and posters from various periods of American history. Highlights of the Museum's collection include a section of the Berlin Wall and the outer wall from Dachau Concentration Camp. The Peninsula Fine Arts Center contains a rotating gallery of art exhibits. The Center also maintains a permanent "Hands On For Kids" gallery designed for children and families to interact in what the Center describes as "a fun, educational environment that encourages participation with art materials and concepts." The U.S. Army Transportation Museum is a United States Army museum of vehicles and other U. S. Army transportation-related equipment and

neg: Zehlendorf (Berlin) neighborhood shopping center, the walk from Krumme Lanke U-Bahn station to the lake of the same name, and the cross-Zehlendorf walk from the end of the U-Bahn at Krumme Lanke to the S-Bahn station in the center of old Zehlendorf. Zehlendorf shopping center has undergone major changes with plenty of new construction centering on the S-Bahn station "Zehlendorf". When American forces occupied Berlin and later were stationed in Berlin during the Cold War, Zehlendorf with the "Steuben Barracks", Dahlem and Lichterfelde were the areas where most of those forces were centered, including elements of the Berlin Brigade stationed at the

neg: Shoalwater, Western Australia F Grade and junior teams in U/17's, U/15's, U/14's. U/13's, U/12's, U/11's and U/10's. They play at Stan Twight Reserve on Hennessy Way, Rockingham and are a feeder club to the Rockingham-Mandurah District Cricket Club who play in the WACA District competition and to the Peel Representative sides that compete in several Country weeks that are played throughout the season against other country representative sides. Shoalwater, Western Australia Shoalwater is an outer southern suburb of Perth, the capital city of Western Australia, located within the City of Rockingham. Shoalwater is located within the Shoalwater Islands Marine Park which includes Shoalwater

neg: Haplogroup U (mtDNA) maternal haplogroup found in that region. In a 2013 study, all but one of the ancient modern human sequences from Europe belonged to maternal haplogroup U, thus confirming previous findings that haplogroup U was the dominant type of Mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) in Europe before the spread of agriculture into Europe and the presence and the spread of the Indo-Europeans in Western Europe. Haplogroup U has various subclades numbered U1 to U9. Haplogroup K is a subclade of U8. The old age has led to a wide distribution of the descendant subgroups across Western Eurasia, North Africa, and South Asia. Some

neg: Hungarian People's Republic are similar when calculated on PPP basis: As shown above, the GDP per capita of Hungary, and the Eastern Bloc as a whole, lagged behind that of Capitalist Western Europe. However, Capitalist Western Europe got a significant amount of aid (billions of US Dollars) in the Marshall Plan from the United States, whose economy was largely unaffected by World War II. When Hungary is compared to Capitalist Latin America, a part of the world that did not get significant aid, we see Hungary perform better, as the graph below demonstrates: Housing shortages emerged. The near-total emphasis on large low quality

neg: Nutritional anthropology Robbins in 2005, uses a hypothetical scenario of the reader as a “merchant adventurer” to detail economic world history starting in 1400. In 1400, China was arguably the most cosmopolitan and technologically complex society in the world. It was a center of trade, along with the Middle East, East Africa, and ports on the Mediterranean Sea. Western Europe, while playing a part in this network, did not dominate it by any means; one could argue for European marginalization in fact. This circumstance began to change when the Europeans “discovered” the Americas, setting in motion a process that would disrupt many

neg: Miluše Poupětová her paintings and drawings are dark, reflecting emotions like fear and worries. In her landscape painting, she focuses on little hidden places in the nature, seen from a subjective point of view, where the reflection is a frequent motif. The exhibition U Řečických in 1992 showed a shift from the motherhood to a lonely woman figure in existential relations, the core of her art was moved to a more general symbolic level. She included meditation and yoga and worked also with the four Earth elements. In the middle of the 90´s, she processed her experience with the sea, her colours

neg: German submarine U-445 She was attacked on patrol number five by a Handley Page Halifax of No. 58 Squadron RAF in the western Bay of Biscay on 2 January 1944. No damage was sustained. She fired at what her crew thought was a destroyer west of Ireland on 14 February 1944. Retaliation was swift; the Third Support Group caused severe damage, but the U-boat escaped. "U-445"s seventh outing was relatively short, from 6–15 June 1944. She did not leave the Bay of Biscay, but she did move to La Pallice, south of St. Nazaire. Her eighth patrol was also brief and entailed another

neg: German submarine U-27 (1936) to force it to the surface. "Fortune"s ramming attack was curtailed when it became apparent that the U-Boat was surrendering. All 38 crewmen survived and were taken prisoner. "U-27" became the second German submarine to be sunk in World War II after was sunk on 14 September 1939. "U-27"s skipper, "Kapitänleutnant" Johannes Franz was able, via code, to inform "Bdu", the U-boat high command, of the situation regarding the malfunctioning torpedoes from his prison camp. German submarine U-27 (1936) German submarine "U-27" was a Type VIIA U-boat of Nazi Germany's "Kriegsmarine" built for service in World War II. Her keel

neg: Abstract expressionism The post-war period left the capitals of Europe in upheaval, with an urgency to economically and physically rebuild and to politically regroup. In Paris, formerly the center of European culture and capital of the art world, the climate for art was a disaster, and New York replaced Paris as the new center of the art world. In Europe after the war there was the continuation of Surrealism, Cubism, Dada, and the works of Matisse. Also in Europe, Art brut, and Lyrical Abstraction or Tachisme (the European equivalent to abstract expressionism) took hold of the newest generation. Serge Poliakoff, Nicolas de

neg: Double S 301 set to have a concert at BLUE SQUARE Samsung Card Hall on March 19 and 20, 2016 entitled ""2016 Double S 301 CONCERT〈U R MAN IS BACK〉IN SEOUL"". This marked the first major event held by SS501 since their departure from DSP Media in 2010, and their 2013 concert. Double S 301 held its comeback showcase at Art Hall of Lotte Card Art Center on February 15 at 8pm KST, and released their official debut mini-album ETERNAL 5 on the following day. The tickets for the said concert were sold out 3 mins upon release. Following their Korean debut, the

neg: Daniel Olivas gives their world clarity, is art. Art as in paintings and literature, as well as in food, drinks, and music. Dishes full of flavor, Mexican spices and smells, stand vivid in the center of the gatherings. When exiles dream of other places, those places are filled with company and art. This focus on gatherings as a place for characters to find the community they’ve lost, is one of Olivas's most powerful themes." Acclaimed author, Daniel Alarcón, offered this assessment of Olivas's third collection in a back cover blurb: "Like the cities they describe, the stories in "Anywhere But L.A." shift

neg: Northwest Coast art Northwest Coast art Northwest Coast art is the term commonly applied to a style of art created primarily by artists from Tlingit, Haida, Heiltsuk, Nuxalk, Tsimshian, Kwakwaka'wakw, Nuu-chah-nulth and other First Nations and Native American tribes of the Northwest Coast of North America, from pre-European-contact times up to the present. Two-dimensional Northwest Coast art is distinguished by the use of formlines, and the use of characteristic shapes referred to as "ovoids", "U forms" and "S forms". Before European contact, the most common media were wood (often Western red cedar), stone, and copper; since European contact, paper, canvas, glass, and precious

neg: Richard Diebenkorn Quantico, Virginia. While enrolled at UC Berkeley he had three influential teachers, Worth Ryder, Erle Loran, and Eugene Neuhaus. Both Ryder and Loran had studied art in Europe in the 1920's and brought there knowledge of European modernism to their teaching. Neuhaus emigrated from Germany in 1904 and was a seminal figure in establishing the Bay Area as a center of art appreciation and education on the west coast. On the East Coast,when he transferred to the base in Quantico, Diebenkorn took advantage of his proximity to visit art museums in Washington, DC; Philadelphia; and New York City. This allowed

neg: Monarch Contemporary Art Center and Sculpture Park Monarch Contemporary Art Center and Sculpture Park Monarch Contemporary Art Center and Sculpture Park is an outdoor art gallery located along the Chehalis Western Trail near Tenino, in Olympia, Washington. Opened in 1998 by sculptor Myrna Orsini as "a gift to the community," the park features sculpture gardens. In 1992, after visiting art symposia in Europe, founder Myrna Orsini and her business partner Doris Coonrod purchased land for the park. In 1998, the park opened with a rock-carving symposium, which was attended by 13 artists who came from nine countries, including Lithuania, Austria, Cuba, Italy, and Canada; each artist donated

neg: Turquerie Turquerie Turquerie (Anglicized as "Turkery") was the Orientalist fashion in Western Europe from the 16th to 18th centuries for imitating aspects of Turkish art and culture. Many different Western European countries were fascinated by the exotic and relatively unknown culture of Turkey, which was the center of the Ottoman Empire, and at the beginning of the period the only power to pose a serious military threat to Europe. The West had a growing interest in Turkish-made products and art, including music, visual arts, architecture, and sculptures. This fashionable phenomenon became more popular through trading routes and increased diplomatic relationships between

neg: Ashlyn Harris United States won their group and qualified for the U-19 Women's World Championship. Following the CONCACAF tournament, Harris joined the U-19 team on a 15-day tour of Europe in June that included matches against Germany's U-19 and U-21 teams, Sweden's U-19 team, German Bundesliga team Duisburg, and Swedish Damallsvenskan team Hammarby FC. In July, Harris was named to the 27-player roster for a 13-day training camp at the U.S. Olympic Training Center in San Diego. Following the training camp, Harris was subsequently named to the U-19 team that would represent the United States at the 2002 FIFA U-19 Women's World

neg: Fredholm operator if and only if "T+U" is Fredholm for every Fredholm operator formula_15. Let formula_16 be a Hilbert space with an orthonormal basis formula_17 indexed by the non negative integers. The (right) shift operator "S" on "H" is defined by This operator "S" is injective (actually, isometric) and has a closed range of codimension 1, hence "S" is Fredholm with formula_19. The powers formula_20, formula_21, are Fredholm with index formula_22. The adjoint "S*" is the left shift, The left shift "S*" is Fredholm with index 1. If "H" is the classical Hardy space formula_24 on the unit circle T in the

neg: William M. Steele 82nd Airborne Division at Fort Bragg, NC, U. S. Army Pacific headquartered at Fort Shafter, HI and the U. S. Army Combined Arms Center at Fort Leavenworth, Kansas. Other major duty assignments for LTG Steele were Commanding Officer, 2d Battalion, 504th Parachute Infantry Regiment and Commanding Officer, 504th Parachute Infantry Regiment (Devils in Baggy Pants) at Fort Bragg, NC, Executive Assistant to General Maxwell Thurman when he was Commanding General, U. S. Army Training and Doctrine Command, and as Director for Operations for the U.S. Atlantic Command in Norfolk, Virginia. General Steele retired from active duty on 30 September 2001.

neg: Culture of the United States may be dubbed the "Great American Novel". Popular literary genres such as the Western and hardboiled crime fiction were developed in the United States. In the late eighteenth and early nineteenth centuries, American artists primarily painted landscapes and portraits in a realistic style. A parallel development taking shape in rural America was the American craft movement, which began as a reaction to the Industrial Revolution. Developments in modern art in Europe came to America from exhibitions in New York City such as the Armory Show in 1913. After World War II, New York emerged as a center of the art

neg: Paloma Navares and Moonlit Nights" which were mainly exhibited in art centers and museums in Europe. In 1997-98 she did the scenery design for "The House of Forgetfulnes"s and "Bodies of Shadow and Light" with the company Lanonima Imperial. In 2004 she did a scenery design project for the opera "Juana" by Enric Palomar, first performed in 2005 at the Opera House in Halle. Since she began her art career in 1979 she has exhibited in more than one hundred venues around the world and her work has been seen in fairs and art biennials. Her work can be found in museums,

neg: U-S-A! at sporting events; the chant was also heard when U.S. President George W. Bush visited the ruins at the World Trade Center site in the week following the 2001 attacks. The chant at the ruins was started by North Hudson Firefighter Thomas Irving, who was there for clean-up along with many other first responders. Crowds gathered outside of the White House on May 1, 2011 could be heard chanting "U-S-A!" after President Barack Obama announced that al-Qaeda co-founder Osama bin Laden had been killed by U.S. forces in Pakistan. The cheer was also chanted that Sunday evening at the only

neg: Douglas Arthur Teed the governship of Charles S. Whitman. Three others were purchased for the state armory. The first major retrospective of Islamic art had taken place in 1893 at the Palais de l'Industrie, while Teed was touring Europe. This was the first popular exposure of Islamic art to a newly industrialized Western world. Teed's oriental paintings dating prior to 1908 are likely to be studies of the works of popular European Orientalists such as Jean-Léon Gérôme, whose colorful and romantic portraits of the Eastern world fascinated him. In pursuit of first hand inspiration, Douglas Teed left to the Middle East in 1907.

neg: Bemidji State Beavers men's ice hockey it was announced the university and city of Bemidji would build a 4,000-5,000 seat state-of-the-art arena to meet WCHA requirements, that the 2,400-seat John S. Glas Field House did not meet. With the news of the Bemidji Regional Events Center BSU applied to join the Western Collegiate Hockey Association in early 2009. Bemidji State along with University of Nebraska-Omaha (transferring from the CCHA) was accepted into the WCHA as the 11th and 12th members. BSU officially became a member on July 1, 2010. The Beavers opened WCHA play in the new Bemidji Regional Events Center on October 15, 2010 against

neg: U interface (UNI). The American variant is specified by the American National Standards Institute (ANSI) in T1.601. In Europe, the NT1 belongs to the network operator, so the user doesn't have direct access to the U interface. The European variant is specified by the European Telecommunications Standards Institute (ETSI) in recommendation ETR 080. The ITU-T has issued recommendations G.960 and G.961 with world-wide scope, encompassing both the European and American variants of the U interface. Like all other ISDN basic rate interfaces, the U interface carries two B (bearer) channels at 64 kbit/s and one D (data) channel at 16 kbit/s for

neg: Brent F. Ashworth art, collectibles and other curiosities. His firm deals primarily in rare U. S. History, Mormon and Western material, but handles other significant items from around the world. Ashworth, while living in Payson, Utah (1977–82), served as a city councilman (1979–82) and as acting mayor (1982). Additionally, he has served in a number of other capacities, including as president of Deseret Village for the handicapped, in Spanish Fork (1988–90), president of the Utah Society of the Sons of the American Revolution (1991–92), on the American Red Cross board (1988–94), as vice president of the Squaw Peak Chapter of the Sons of

neg: Tilde syllable. In practice the , Unicode U+FF5E, is often used instead of the , Unicode U+301C, because the Shift JIS code for the wave dash, 0x8160, which is supposed to be mapped to U+301C, is instead mapped to U+FF5E in Windows code page 932 (Microsoft's code page for Japanese), a widely used extension of Shift JIS. This avoided a shape definition error in the Unicode code charts: the wave dash reference glyph in JIS / Shift JIS matches the Unicode reference glyph for U+FF5E, while the reference glyph for U+301C was reflected, incorrectly, when Unicode imported the JIS wave dash.

neg: Art Cologne capital city of Germany, the Rhineland – an industrial powerhouse at the centre of Europe driving the West German economy and acting as a hub for the entire western European economy – took over as the centre of the West German art world. The first "Kölner Kunstmarkt" took place in the Gürzenich festival hall in the medieval part of the city; the following year Kunsthalle Köln was added as an additional location. The fair helped to establish Cologne as a new center of contemporary art. A West German dealer and a West German artist set new records at the 1969

neg: Super Mario Advance 4: Super Mario Bros. 3 box art was modified to remove mention of them. Because the stages from the e-Cards are stored on the cards themselves and not in the original game, IGN speculated that Nintendo would be able to expand the game indefinitely. The game was re-released on the Wii U Virtual Console in Japan on December 29, 2015, in North America on January 21, 2016, and in Europe on March 10, 2016 (alongside the GBA ports of Super Mario Bros. 2 and Super Mario World). It includes e-Reader-exclusive content via the data select screen, especially in the PAL release, which did not originally

neg: John Earl Coleman to receive visits from young people who had studied Vipassanā with S. N. Goenka in India. At first, Mr Coleman dismissed all such requests to teach meditation. In those years S. N. Goenka was unable to travel to other countries, so he referred some of those western students who were very keen to learn more to Mr Coleman and some others also authorized to teach in the West by Sayagyi U Ba Khin. After his own refresher course with S. N. Goenka in Dalhousie, India, in the mid 1970s, Mr Coleman returned to Europe and at the students’ urging and

neg: The Tombstone Epitaph Corral gunfight hand drawn by Wyatt Earp shortly before his death. John Clum was no stranger to southern Arizona when he decided to relocate from Tucson to Tombstone in 1880. In Tucson, Clum had published the "Tucson Citizen", another landmark Arizona newspaper. Prior to taking over the "Citizen", Clum had been the U. S. government appointee in charge of the San Carlos Apache Indian Reservation. While there, Clum had the distinction of being the only U. S. authority to capture Geronimo, the renegade Apache, although he was later released. He did not finally surrender to the U. S. Army until

neg: Sandra Binion performed all over the world and is highly regarded as an artist in Europe. Sandra Binion Sandra Binion is a Chicago-based video artist and performer. Binion has performed and displayed her art in numerous spaces, including the Evanston Art Center, Link’s Hall, Kunstraum (Stuttgart), The Goodman Theatre, and Los Angeles Institute of Contemporary Art. Binion received a BFA in Dance from the University of Cincinnati – College-Conservatory of Music and an MFA in Filmmaking from the School of the Art Institute of Chicago. She first began to make a name for herself in the 1970s, when she elevated mundane activities

neg: Occidentalism Said in his book of that title, which refers to and identifies Western stereotypes of the Eastern world, the Orient. In China "Traditions Regarding Western Countries" became a regular part of the "Twenty-Four Histories" from the 5th century CE, when commentary about The West concentrated upon on an area that did not extend farther than Syria. The extension of European imperialism in the 18th and 19th centuries established, represented, and defined the existence of an "Eastern world" and of a "Western world". Western stereotypes appear in works of Indian, Chinese and Japanese art of those times. At the same time,

neg: Christian Church a twentieth-century "global shift" in Christianity, from a religion largely found in Europe and the Americas to one which is found in the global south. Described as "World Christianity" or "Global Christianity," this term attempts to convey the global nature of the Christian religion. However, the term often focuses on “non-Western Christianity” which “comprises (usually the exotic) instances of Christian faith in ‘the global South’, in Asia, Africa and Latin America.” It also includes indigenous or diasporic forms in Western Europe and North America. Other debates include the following: Christian Church "Christian Church" is an ecclesiological term generally used by

neg: Gerald Ratner (lawyer) He donated $15 million for the athletic center that bears his name, Gerald Ratner Athletic Center. He also donated $6 million to the Chicago Initiative, which provides funds for faculty support, community programs, graduate fellowships, and college scholarships. This donation is shared between U. of C.'s Law School and Smart Museum of Art. In April 2006, he funded a gallery in the Smart Museum of Art in honor of his late wife. The University of Chicago gave him the Law School's Distinguished Law Alumni Award in 1999 and the highest honor from the university, the University of Chicago Medal, in

neg: Modern history [[superpower]]s never fought one another directly. [[File:NATO vs. Warsaw (1949-1990).svg|upright=3.4|thumb|center|]] The Soviet Union created the [[Eastern Bloc]] of countries that it occupied, annexing some as [[Soviet Socialist Republics]] and maintaining others as satellite states that would later form the [[Warsaw Pact]]. The United States and various western European countries began a policy of "[[containment]]" of [[communism]] and forged myriad alliances to this end, including [[NATO]]. Several of these western countries also coordinated efforts regarding the rebuilding of western Europe, including western Germany, which the Soviets opposed. In other regions of the world, such as Latin America and [[Southeast Asia]], the

neg: Slavery in medieval Europe Central Europe, where the rise of serfdom coincided with its decline in Western Europe). There are several approaches to get a time span for the transition, and lexicography is one such method. There is supposedly a clear shift in diction when referencing those who were either slaves or serfs at approximately 1000, though there is not a consensus on how significant this shift is, or if it even exists. In addition, numismatists shed light on the decline of serfdom. There is a widespread theory that the introduction of currency hastened the decline of serfdom because it was preferable to pay

neg: Eric Knight a governess for the imperial family. The family later settled in the United States in 1912. Knight had a varied career, including service in the Princess Patricia's Canadian Light Infantry during World War I as a signaller then served as a captain of field artillery in the U. S. Army Reserve until 1926. His two brothers were both killed in World War I serving with the Pennsylvania Army National Guard. He did stints as an art student, newspaper reporter and Hollywood screenwriter. He married twice, first on July 28, 1917, to Dorothy Caroline Noyes Hall, with whom he had three

neg: Topps also creating and helming original card properties such as 1988's "Dinosaurs Attack!". Many Topps artists came from the world of comics and continued to work in that field as well. The shift from sports to other topics better suited the creative instincts of the artists and coincided with turmoil in the comic book industry over regulation by the Comics Code Authority. Beginning at Topps when he was a teenager, Art Spiegelman was the company's main staff cartoonist for more than 20 years. Other staffers in Topps' Product Development Department at various times included Larry Riley, Mark Newgarden, Bhob Stewart and

neg: Globalization the 17th century, world trade developed further when chartered companies like the British East India Company (founded in 1600) and the Dutch East India Company (founded in 1602, often described as the first multinational corporation in which stock was offered) were established. Early modern globalization is distinguished from modern globalization on the basis of expansionism, the method of managing global trade, and the level of information exchange. The period is marked by such trade arrangements as the East India Company, the shift of hegemony to Western Europe, the rise of larger-scale conflicts between powerful nations such as the Thirty Years'

neg: William J. Yokes had caused a dangerous shift in ballast in "Steel Navigator". Yokes acted beyond the scope of his duty when he and his shipmates volunteered to go below and perform the physically exhausting task of shifting ballast to trim the ship, working for some 30 hours without rest. On 19 October 1942, the attacked "Steel Navigator". Lookouts aboard "Steel Navigator" spotted "U-610"s periscope, and the Naval Armed Guard unit swiftly manned its guns and opened fire. Soon the gunfire registered several near-misses on the periscope, and "U-610" withdrew temporarily. Later that day, "U-610" returned and torpedoed "Steel Navigator", sinking her immediately.

neg: German submarine U-753 British sailing ship, was attacked by "U-753". She did not sink, however, and was taken back to Cuba and repaired. On the morning of 25 May, the Norwegian tanker "Haakon Hauan" was hit by one of "U-753"s torpedoes. This vessel also survived and was repaired. The Norwegian tanker "Hamlet", however, did not escape when she encountered the U-boat two days later. Three torpedoes were fired between eleven o'clock and noon. All thirty-six crewmembers survived the sinking and were rescued by nearby fishing boats. "U-753"s sixth patrol had her patrolling the North Atlantic, on the European side. Twenty-five days into her

neg: Indian Group of Seven Montreal in 1975. The group disbanded that year. Beside combined forces to promote Aboriginal art into the Western art world, they had strong Ideals to a change the way the world looked at their art. They wanted a shift from an emphasis on "Indigenous (Native)" to "artistic" value and recognition. Their objectives were: These were high ideals in a time where Aboriginal peoples had only recently been given voting rights and in which they politically fought for civil rights. With these ideals, they were part of a movement which also included the "Triple K Co-operative Incorporated", a Native-run silk-screen organisation

neg: German submarine U-515 attack. The survivors were picked up by the destroyers and later transferred to the aircraft carrier "U-515"s commander, Werner Henke, was among the survivors. Later in June 1944, he was shot and killed trying to escape a secret interrogation center known as P. O. Box 1142 in Fort Hunt, Virginia, while being held as a prisoner of war. During "U-515"s career, she sank 23 ships and damaged two others which later sank, plus damaging another two ships which did not sink. Of the 25 total ships sunk, 21 were freighters totaling ; two warships totaling ; one freighter, which later

neg: SM U-26 SM U-26 SM "U-26" was one of the 329 submarines serving in the Imperial German Navy (Kaiserliche Marine) in World War I. "U-26" was engaged in the Naval warfare of World War I in the Baltic Sea. On 11 October 1914, she sank the cruiser , inflicting the first loss of the war on the Russian Navy. The boat did not return from sea in August 1915, and is assumed to have struck a mine off the coast of Finland, being lost with its entire crew of 30. The boat was found in the western Gulf of Finland as reported

neg: Neuquén Basin In the Late Cretaceous, conditions in the neighboring Andean orogeny changed. A marine regression occurred and the fold and thrust belts of Malargüe (36°00 S), Chos Malal (37° S) and Agrio (38° S) started to develop in the Andes and did so until Eocene times. This meant an advance of the Andean orogenic deformation since the Late Cretaceous that made the western part of Neuquén Basin to stack in the Malargüe and Agrio fold and thrust belts. This caused a shift in deposition from Pacific to Early Atlantic. In the south of Mendoza Province, the Guañacos fold and thrust belt

neg: Pier-2 Art Center Pier-2 Art Center The Pier-2 Art Center () is an art center in Yancheng District, Kaohsiung, Taiwan. The arts center was originally an abandoned warehouse site due to Kaohsiung's shift from industrial city to service city. The warehouses were built in 1973. Due to the persistence of local artists, the area was finally released and remade to be an arts center. In 2006, the Bureau of Cultural Affairs of Kaohsiung City Government and under management of the Kaohsiung Pier-2 Art Development Association and Shu-Te University's art development workshop took over the center, starting a series of exhibitions. The center is

neg: Western Caribbean Zone sea borne travel from the East Coast of the United States (as well as other parts of the world) and the Pacific, and Central America was a potentially usable route. As a result, there were various attempts to build railroads across the isthmus. In 1850, Honduras began work, financed and overseen by largely United States capital, on the Inter-Ocean Railroad ("Ferrocaril Interoceanico"), though the work did not extend very far for many years. In the 1870s, Jamaica and the Bay Islands of Honduras began to export fruit, especially bananas, to the U. S. market, and entrepreneurs like the Vaccaro Brothers

neg: Right-wing politics applied to movements including fascism, nazism and racial supremacy. From the 1830s to the 1880s, there was a shift in the Western world of social class structure and the economy, moving away from nobility and aristocracy towards capitalism. This general economic shift toward capitalism affected centre-right movements such as the British Conservative Party, which responded by becoming supportive of capitalism. In the United States, the Right includes both economic and social conservatives. In Europe, economic conservatives are usually considered liberal and the Right includes nationalists, nativist opposition to immigration, religious conservatives and historically a significant presence of right-wing movements with

neg: D. J. Countess División. Countess sustained a wrist injury early in the 2008 season with Tigre, he underwent surgery in April 2008. Countess has played at various levels for the United States national team playing a total of seventy-two games for the U-17's, U-20's and U-23's. He was in goal for the U.S. when they finished fourth at the 1999 FIFA U-17 World Championship in New Zealand, and in the 2001 U-20 FIFA World Youth Championship in Argentina. In 2004, he played in the US U-23 Olympic team that failed to qualify for the 2004 Summer Olympics. Countess has been involved in humanitarian

neg: Classical sculpture Western art. With it, the Greco-Roman style established the possibility and potential of realism in art. Because of the relative durability of sculpture, it has managed to survive and continue to influence and inform artists in varying cultures and eras, from Europe to Asia, and today, the whole world. While classical art gradually fell into disfavor in Europe after the fall of the Western Roman Empire, its rediscovery during the early Italian Renaissance proved decisive. One of the most important sculptors in the classical revival was Donatello. Many other sculptors such as Michelangelo also made works which can be considered

neg: Body painting Other well-known works include Serge Diakonoff's books "A Fleur de Peau" and "Diakonoff" and Joanne Gair's "Paint a licious". More recently Dutch art photographer Karl Hammer has taken center stage with his combinations of body painting and narrative art (fantastic realism). Following the already established trend in Western-Europe, body painting has become more widely accepted in the United States since the early 1990s. In 2006 the first gallery dedicated exclusively to fine art body painting was opened in New Orleans by World Bodypainting Festival Champion and Judge, Craig Tracy. The Painted Alive Gallery is on Royal Street in the French

neg: Modernism especially the Holocaust and the dropping of the atom bomb. The postwar period left the capitals of Europe in upheaval with an urgency to economically and physically rebuild and to politically regroup. In Paris (the former center of European culture and the former capital of the art world) the climate for art was a disaster. Important collectors, dealers, and Modernist artists, writers, and poets had fled Europe for New York and America. The surrealists and modern artists from every cultural center of Europe had fled the onslaught of the Nazis for safe haven in the United States. Many of those

neg: Cuba during World War II idea: He would sail around in what appeared to be a harmless pleasure craft, inviting the Germans to surface and board, and when they did, the boarding party would be disposed of with the machine guns, and the U-boat would then be engaged with the bazookas and grenades. Hemingway's patrols against German U-boats turned out to be just as unsuccessful as the counter-intelligence operation was. As the months passed, and as no U-boat appeared, the "Pilar"s patrols turned into fishing trips, and the grenades were thrown into the sea as "drunken sport." After adding his sons Patrick and Gregory to

neg: Germans editor at The National Interest, such a statement is unprecedented when taking into consideration Germany's history. "This was an extraordinary statement from a top official of a nation that was ravaged by Germany during World War II. And it reflects a profound shift taking place throughout Germany and Europe about Berlin's position at the center of the Continent." Heilbrunn believes that the adage, "what was good for Germany was bad for the European Union" has been supplanted by a new mentality—what is in the interest of Germany is also in the interest of its neighbors. The evolution in Germany's national

neg: 1991 FIFA U-17 World Championship Italy, which hosted the previous year's World Cup. This is the second time a FIFA event was moved from its original hosting country, after the 1986 World Cup was moved from Colombia to Mexico. Africa (African U-16 Championship 1991) Asia (AFC U-17 Championship 1990) Europe (UEFA U-16 Championship 1991) North America (CONCACAF U-17 Championship 1991) South America (Sudamericano Sub-17 1991) Oceania (OFC U-17 Qualifying Tournament 1991) Host Nation Automatic Qualification For a list of all squads that played in the final tournament, see "1991 FIFA U-17 World Championship squads" Asia Africa CONCACAF South America Europe Oceania Venue: Carrara Venue: Massa

neg: Don Moye Bowie (trumpet) and Malachi Favors Maghostut (bass). The group crossed the Atlantic Ocean and arrived in Europe to perform throughout the continent. Moye at the time was rehearsing and performing in Paris, France, at the American Center for Students and Artists, where musicians such as Art Taylor and Johnny Griffin practiced collectively. When Mitchell met with Moye again at the Center, he asked Moye to join his group, which was already known as the Art Ensemble of Chicago and had issued several recordings including three releases on the European label BYG Actual. These recordings did feature percussion but all percussion

neg: Pier-2 Art Center accessible within walking distance South West from Yanchengpu Station of Kaohsiung MRT.. Since 2017, Dayi Pier-2 Station(駁二大義) and Penglai Pier-2 Station(駁二蓬萊) of Kaohsiung LRT pass through the Pier-2 Art Center. Pier-2 Art Center The Pier-2 Art Center () is an art center in Yancheng District, Kaohsiung, Taiwan. The arts center was originally an abandoned warehouse site due to Kaohsiung's shift from industrial city to service city. The warehouses were built in 1973. Due to the persistence of local artists, the area was finally released and remade to be an arts center. In 2006, the Bureau of Cultural Affairs of Kaohsiung

neg: Romani contemporary art Romani contemporary art Romani contemporary art (often referred to as Roma contemporary art or Gipsy contemporary art) is art created by Romani people. It emerged at the climax of the process that began in Central and Eastern Europe in the late-1980s, when the interpretation of the cultural practice of minorities was enabled by a paradigm shift, commonly referred to in specialist literature as the Cultural turn . The idea of the "cultural turn" was introduced; and this was also the time when the notion of cultural democracy became crystallized in the debates carried on at various public forums. Civil society

neg: Cheenu Pillai in the Hindu iconography captured his imagination. He kept pursuing art with passion all his life, but never considered taking it up as a career. For a consistent topper at school, the only career choice seemed like a white collar job, which is exactly where he ended up. He did his MBA and got into investment banking. Emerging opportunities in information technology led him shift career midway, but art continued as the primary passion. His inspirations heightened during his stint in Europe, where he regularly frequented art galleries. In 2003, he decided to take up art more seriously and quit

neg: Compaq Texas Instruments, and established operations from scratch in both Europe and Asia. Pfeiffer was given $20,000 USD to start up Compaq Europe He started up Compaq's first overseas office in Munich in 1984. By 1990, Compaq Europe was a $2 billion business and number two behind IBM in that region, and foreign sales contributed 54 percent of Compaq's revenues. Pfeiffer, while transplanting Compaq's U. S. strategy of dealer-only distribution to Europe, was more selective in signing up dealers than Compaq had been in the U. S. such that European dealers were more qualified to handle its increasingly complex products. During

neg: German submarine U-573 were removed. Despite the Type VII being out-dated by the end of World War II, "G-7" was the most modern of Spain’s submarine fleet; her other vessels (two ex-Italian, and four home-built boats) dating from the early 1930s. "G-7" lacked radar and did not possess a snorkel. In 1951 development was started on a snorkel design by Empresa Nacional Bazán, the Spanish shipbuilding company, but these came to nothing when the Spanish Navy bought the former US Navy submarine . "G-7"s repairs were completed in 1947. In 1958 Arca-Filmproduktion GmbH rented "G-7" to take part in the semi-fictitious movie "U

neg: Dutch language time the Ingvaeonic nasal spirant law, moving over Western Europe from west to east, led to the development of Old English (or Anglo-Saxon), Old Frisian and Old Saxon. Hardly influenced by either development, Old Dutch remained close to the original language of the Franks, the people that would rule Europe for centuries. The language did however experience developments of its own, such as very early final-obstruent devoicing. In fact, the find at Bergakker indicates that the language may already have experienced this shift during the Old Frankish period. Attestations of Old Dutch sentences are extremely rare. The language is mostly

neg: Denver Art Museum (European and American); Photography; Western Art; and Textile Art and Fashion. The Denver Art Museum’s Architecture, Design and Graphics department was founded in 1990 by former director Lewis I. Sharp. The collection has developed concentrations in areas including Italian design from the 1960s and 1970s, American graphic design from the 1950s to the present day, post-World War II furniture and product design in America and western Europe and contemporary western European and Japanese design. Today, the collection consists of more than 12,000 objects dating from the sixteenth century to the present. The collection also includes the AIGA Design Archives. The

neg: ALCO S-2 and S-4 more than a year before U S production of the S-4. ALCO did not start building the S-4 until August 1950. A modified version, the S-7, was built by MLW only; 29 were built between June and August 1957. The exterior of the locomotives were styled by an Alco engineer, Ray Patten, using curves in a mild application of Art Deco principles. The S-2 and S-4 are distinguishable externally from the very similar S-1 and S-3 switchers in that they have a larger exhaust stack with an oblong base and a larger radiator shutter area on the nose sides. The

neg: Nuclear escalation disposal for the organization. NATO’s escalation policies did not take hold until the late 1950’s. During the previous time the weapons and capabilities of NATO’s combined members alongside the U. S’s vast nuclear arsenal were enough to keep their citizenry calm. NATO policy would amalgamate from the U. S’s initial nuclear strength. Russia lacked ICBM’s or long range missiles to directly threaten the U.S. In contrast, the U.S. had stationed bombers within NATO countries in Europe that could deliver nuclear payloads to designated targets within the Soviet Union if they attempted to start a war. One of these was the

neg: History of pharmacy of sea-water for drinking. After the 5th century fall of the Western Roman Empire, medicinal knowledge in Europe suffered due to the loss of Greek medicinal texts and a strict adherence to tradition, although an area of Southern Italy near Salerno remained under Byzantine control and developed a hospital and medical school, which became famous by the 11th century. In the early 11th century, Salerno scholar Constantinos Africanus translated many Arabic books into Latin, driving a shift from Hippocratic medicine towards a pharmaceutical-driven approach advocated by Galen. In medieval Europe, monks typically did not speak Greek, leaving only Latin texts

neg: Soil classifications. Due to language barriers, the work of this team was not communicated to western Europe until 1914 through a publication in German by Konstantin Dmitrievich Glinka, a member of the Russian team. Curtis F. Marbut was influenced by the work of the Russian team, translated Glinka's publication into English, and as he was placed in charge of the U. S. National Cooperative Soil Survey, applied it to a national soil classification system. Soil formation, or pedogenesis, is the combined effect of physical, chemical, biological and anthropogenic processes working on soil parent material. Soil is said to be formed when

neg: Renaissance in Poland exchange of major cultural and scientific ideas and developments of Western Europe, but also spread Western heritage eastwards among East Slavic nations. For example, printing process, Latin language and art with the syllabic versification in poetry, especially in Belarus and Ukraine (through Kyiv-Mohyla Academy), from where it was transmitted to Russia (Duchy of Moscow), which began to increase its ties with western Europe in the aftermath of the Mongol invasion of Rus. The first four printed Cyrillic books in the world were published in Kraków, in 1491, by printer Szwajpolt Fiol. Incentives for development of art and architecture were many.

neg: World Happiness Report a U shape with age on the x axis and happiness on the y, with the low point being middle age (45-50) for most nations (in some happiness does not go up much in later life, so the shape is more of a downhill slide), and that the U shape holds for feeling well rested in all regions. If finds that that men generally feel safer at night than women but, when comparing countries, people in Latin America have the lowest sense of safety at night, while people in East Asia and Western Europe have the highest sense of safety

neg: Antoinette LaFarge individuals to come to terms with the nexus of history, politics, mythmaking, and media. Over the years she has worked with performer-director Kim Weild, visual artist Adrianne Wortzel, sound artist Cuca Esteves, writer Aida Croal, and many other theater artists, performers, and programmers. LaFarge also co-curated two very early U.S. exhibitions showcasing computer games: the 2000 show "SHIFT-CTRL: Computers, Games, and Art" and 2004's "ALT+CTRL: A Festival of Independent and Alternative Games", the latter of which was supported by a grant from the National Endowment for the Arts. Both were produced by the Beall Center for Art + Technology at

neg: Peter Zschech whatever morale remained in the command staff of "U-505". Zschech's suicide devastated the morale of "U-505"s crew. However, "Grossadmiral" Karl Dönitz did not dissolve and disperse the crew as many officers recommended (and most on "U-505" had requested), fearing the effect on fleet morale if the story spread to other U-boats. It is generally accepted by historians that the terrible morale instilled in "U-505"s crew by the combined influence of these events led heavily to her being the only U-boat to be captured intact on the surface (instead of being scuttled as was standard procedure) when "U-505" was attacked southwest

neg: Masahiro Koga Japan U-17 national team for 1995 U-17 World Championship and he played full time in all 3 matches. In June 1997, he was also elected Japan U-20 national team for 1997 World Youth Championship, but he did not play in the match. Masahiro Koga Koga was born in Okawa on September 8, 1978. After graduating from high school, he joined Nagoya Grampus Eight in 1997. He became a regular player as center back from 1998. The club won the champions 1999 Emperor's Cup. He moved to Kashiwa Reysol in 2007. Although he played as regular player, he lost his opportunity

neg: Trauma Center: Under the Knife on the word "stylus", referencing the DS stylus. Voice acting was restricted to shoutouts during operations, while Stiles himself did not have a voice actor. Due to their lacking a North American branch, Atlus USA did not publish the game in Europe. The game was instead published in the region by Nintendo of Europe. It was released in Europe on April 28, 2006. In Japan, "Trauma Center" did not appear in Japanese gaming magazine "Famitsu"s top 500 best-selling titles for 2005, indicating sales of less than 15,000 units. In contrast, the North American release was described by Atlus staff as