query: what is the coast guard emergency hf frequency

pos: International distress frequency only monitors distress signals from emergency position indicating radio beacons (EPIRBs) that broadcast using digital 406 MHz signals. Digital 406 MHz models became the only ones approved for use in both commercial and recreational watercraft worldwide on January 1, 2007. International distress frequencies, currently in use are: Several maritime frequencies are used for digital selective calling (DSC), and they are also monitored for DSC distress signals: International distress frequency An international distress frequency is a radio frequency that is designated for emergency communication by international agreement. For much of the 20th century, 500 kHz was the primary international distress frequency.

neg: Tennessee State Guard being and safety of the citizenry of Tennessee." The Tennessee State Guard can be used to augment National Guard units in times of emergency, provide medical aid, security, funeral honors, high frequency (HF) communications and perform other stateside responsibilities generally performed by the Tennessee National Guard. The State Guard can serve as first responders to a natural or man-made disaster, and may integrate emergency response plans with local community emergency response teams. Aside from deploying to aid victims of Hurricane Katrina, and guarding military installations in the aftermath of the September 11 attacks, State Guardsmen, in preparing for their role

neg: Automatic link establishment two members of the Customs Over the Horizon Enforcement Network (COTHEN), a MIL-STD 188-141A ALE network. All U.S. armed forces operate multiple similar networks. Similarly, shortwave utility listeners have documented frequency and callsign lists for many nations' military and guard units, as well as networks operated by oil exploration and production companies and public utilities in many countries. ALE radio communication systems for both HF regional area networks and HF interoperability communications are in service among emergency and disaster relief agencies as well as military and guard forces. Extraordinary response agencies and organizations use ALE to respond to situations in

neg: Aircraft emergency frequency Aircraft emergency frequency The aircraft emergency frequency (also known as GUARD) is a frequency used on the aircraft band reserved for emergency communications for aircraft in distress. The frequencies are 121.5 MHz for civilian, also known as International Air Distress (IAD) or VHF Guard, and 243.0 MHz for military use, also known as Military Air Distress (MAD) or UHF Guard. Earlier emergency locator transmitters used the guard frequencies to transmit, but an additional frequency of 406 MHz is used by more modern ELTs. The choice of 121.5 MHz was made by the ICAO in conjunction with ARINC and the ITU.

neg: International distress frequency International distress frequency An international distress frequency is a radio frequency that is designated for emergency communication by international agreement. For much of the 20th century, 500 kHz was the primary international distress frequency. Its use has been phased out in favor of the Global Maritime Distress Safety System. Use of some distress frequencies is permitted for calling other stations to establish contact, whereupon the stations move to another frequency. Such channels are known as "distress, safety and calling frequencies". Satellite processing from all 121.5 or 243 MHz locators has been discontinued. Since February 1, 2009, the U.S. Coast Guard

neg: Coast guard under the purview of the Ministry of Emergency Situations. In Singapore, the Police Coast Guard (PCG) is an operational department of the Singapore Police Force. Functions of the coast guard were transferred from the Republic of Singapore Navy to what was then the Marine Police in February 1993. The Marine Police was thus restructured and renamed as the Police Coast Guard, one of the few law enforcement organizations in the world to combine water policing and coast guard duties while remaining as a policing unit. It operates primarily as a law enforcement agency, with secondary responsibilities in search and rescue.

neg: Herb Hilgenberg Herb Hilgenberg Herb Hilgenberg is a Canadian sailing enthusiast who provided a daily ship-routing/weather forecasting service for vessels at sea. Between 1987 and 2013, Hilgenberg provided this service free of charge via marine HF/SSB on a frequency of 12359.0 kHz starting at 2000 UTC. Hilgenberg has assisted the Coast Guard during multiple search and rescue cases and is credited with saving several lives. Hilgenberg holds BSc and MBA degrees from the University of Toronto. In 1982, Hilgenberg personally experienced bad weather at sea while sailing from New York to the Virgin Islands with his family. In response to the lack

neg: Very high frequency was legalised in the United Kingdom on 8 December 2006. Very high frequency Very high frequency (VHF) is the ITU designation for the range of radio frequency electromagnetic waves (radio waves) from 30 to 300 megahertz (MHz), with corresponding wavelengths of ten to one meter. Frequencies immediately below VHF are denoted high frequency (HF), and the next higher frequencies are known as ultra high frequency (UHF). Common uses for radio waves in the VHF band are FM radio broadcasting, television broadcasting, two way land mobile radio systems (emergency, business, private use and military), long range data communication up to several

neg: Very high frequency Very high frequency Very high frequency (VHF) is the ITU designation for the range of radio frequency electromagnetic waves (radio waves) from 30 to 300 megahertz (MHz), with corresponding wavelengths of ten to one meter. Frequencies immediately below VHF are denoted high frequency (HF), and the next higher frequencies are known as ultra high frequency (UHF). Common uses for radio waves in the VHF band are FM radio broadcasting, television broadcasting, two way land mobile radio systems (emergency, business, private use and military), long range data communication up to several tens of kilometers with radio modems, amateur radio, and marine

neg: Salvation Army Team Emergency Radio Network York as well as the Salvation Army headquarters in Manhattan. Salvation Army Team Emergency Radio Network The Salvation Army Team Emergency Radio Network (SATERN) is a network of volunteer amateur radio operators that provide emergency communications between Salvation Army posts, and pass messages with health and welfare information between the Salvation Army and the general public. The group is open to amateur radio operators of all license classes, and of any (or no) religious faith. SATERN routinely operates on VHF and HF ham bands, but may operate any mode on any amateur radio frequency during an event. During the Northeast

neg: Salvation Army Team Emergency Radio Network Salvation Army Team Emergency Radio Network The Salvation Army Team Emergency Radio Network (SATERN) is a network of volunteer amateur radio operators that provide emergency communications between Salvation Army posts, and pass messages with health and welfare information between the Salvation Army and the general public. The group is open to amateur radio operators of all license classes, and of any (or no) religious faith. SATERN routinely operates on VHF and HF ham bands, but may operate any mode on any amateur radio frequency during an event. During the Northeast blackout of 2003 the group was active in Upstate New

neg: Radio spectrum long-wave and medium-wave transmitters. High-frequency allocations are still designated for ships, although satellite systems have taken over some of the safety applications previously served by 500 kHz and other frequencies. 2182 kHz is a medium-wave frequency still used for marine emergency communication. Marine VHF radio is used in coastal waters and relatively short-range communication between vessels and to shore stations. Radios are channelized, with different channels used for different purposes; marine Channel 16 is used for calling and emergencies. Amateur radio frequency allocations vary around the world. Several bands are common for amateurs worldwide, usually in the HF part of

neg: High frequency High frequency High frequency (HF) is the ITU designation for the range of radio frequency electromagnetic waves (radio waves) between 3 and 30 megahertz (MHz). It is also known as the decameter band or decameter wave as its wavelengths range from one to ten decameters (ten to one hundred metres). Frequencies immediately below HF are denoted medium frequency (MF), while the next band of higher frequencies is known as the very high frequency (VHF) band. The HF band is a major part of the shortwave band of frequencies, so communication at these frequencies is often called shortwave radio. Because radio

neg: Aircraft emergency frequency power beacon on 121.5 MHz for local homing. Satellites listen for the signals and alert local personnel to the emergency, and the beacon allows search and rescue to find the scene of the accident faster. Beacons operating at 406 MHz are encoded, allowing the vessel of origin to be determined and false alarms to be quickly verified. Satellite support for the 121.5 MHz–only versions was discontinued in early 2009. Aircraft emergency frequency The aircraft emergency frequency (also known as GUARD) is a frequency used on the aircraft band reserved for emergency communications for aircraft in distress. The frequencies are 121.5

neg: Emergency position-indicating radiobeacon station Harbour Superintendency. In Japan, operations are supported by the Japan Coast Guard In Vietnam, operations are supported by the Ministry of Transport, Vietnam Maritime Administration (VINAMARINE). In Singapore, operations are supported by the Civil Aviation Authority of Singapore. In the Republic of Korea, operations are supported by the Korea Coast Guard. In Indonesia, operations are supported by the National SAR Agency of Indonesia (BASARNAS). In Taiwan, operations are supported by the International Telecommunication Development Company (ITDC) Because of the extremely high numbers of false alerts on the 121.500 MHz frequency (over 98% of all COSPAS-SARSAT alerts), the IMO eventually requested

neg: Emergency position-indicating radiobeacon station the effect that the aircraft does not comply with international recommendations for the carriage of the 406 MHz emergency alerting device and is not detectable by satellites in the event of a crash. In the case of 121.5 MHz beacons, the frequency is known in aviation as the "VHF Guard" emergency frequency, and all U.S. civilian pilots (private and commercial) are required, by FAA policy, to monitor this frequency when it is possible to do so. The frequency can be used by Automatic Direction Finder (ADF) radionavigation equipment, which is being phased out in favor of VOR and GPS but

neg: Medium frequency maritime distress and emergency frequency, and there are more NDBs between 510 and 530 kHz. Navtex, which is part of the current Global Maritime Distress Safety System occupies 518 kHz and 490 kHz for important digital text broadcasts. Lastly, there are aeronautical and other mobile SSB bands from 2850 kHz to 3500 kHz, crossing the boundary from the MF band into the HF radio band. An amateur radio band known as 160 meters or 'top-band' is between 1800 and 2000 kHz (allocation depends on country and starts at 1810 kHz outside the Americas). Amateur operators transmit CW morse code, digital

neg: Digital selective calling either as a single-frequency or multi-frequency attempt. In the former, a distress signal is sent on one band and the system will wait up to four minutes for a DSC acknowledgment from a coast station. If none is received, it will repeat the distress alert up to five times. In a multi-frequency attempt, the distress signal is sent on the MF and all the HF distress frequencies in turn. As this requires retuning the antenna for each sending, without waiting for an acknowledgment, a multi-frequency attempt should only be done if there are only a few minutes until the ship's

neg: Naval Radio Transmitter Facility (NRTF) Niscemi Naval Radio Transmitter Facility (NRTF) Niscemi Naval Radio Transmitter Facility Niscemi (NRTF Niscemi) is a transmission facility of the United States Navy at Niscemi, Sicily, maintained by the N92 Division of Naval Computer and Telecommunications Station Sicily. The facility houses low frequency (LF) and high frequency (HF) transmitter and antenna systems, and certification of the new U.S. Navy Mobile User Objective System (MUOS) ground terminals is in progress as of early 2015. The joint American, Italian, and NATO facility houses an AN/FRT-95A Low Frequency Radio Transmitting System, hosts a USAF HF SCOPE Command, part of the High Frequency (HF) Global

neg: United States Coast Guard Pipe Band Patrick's Day parade. Membership is restricted to personnel of the U.S. Coast Guard, U.S. Coast Guard Reserve, and U.S. Coast Guard Auxiliary, as well as honorably discharged "wartime veterans" of the U.S. Coast Guard and U.S. Coast Guard Reserve. According to the organization, the restriction to "wartime veterans" is due to Coast Guard uniform regulations which only permit non-serving persons to wear the Coast Guard uniform if they previously served during a declared war or national emergency. As of 2016, the U.S. Coast Guard Pipe Band was a 501(c)3 organization incorporated in Florida. U.S. Coast Guard Pipe Band personnel wear

neg: Indiana Wing Civil Air Patrol and rescue (by air and ground) and disaster relief operations; aerospace education for youth and the general public; and cadet programs for teenage youth. Indiana Wing support's Civil Air Patrol's Emergency Services missions by flying ten Civil Air Patrol aircraft and operating thirteen vehicles and two mission support trailers. The Wing operates 13 high frequency (HF) radios, and 15 very high frequency (VHF) repeaters and 113 VHF base and mobile radios. Indiana Wing is involved in search and rescue, disaster relief, and counterdrug operations. Indiana Wing offers the CAP Cadet Program in a number of communities across the state, and

neg: United States Coast Guard Reserve and women in service, most of them integrated directly with regular Coast Guard units. United States Coast Guard Reserve The United States Coast Guard Reserve is the reserve component of the United States Coast Guard. It is organized, trained, administered, and supplied under the direction of the Commandant of the Coast Guard through the Director of Reserve and Military Personnel. The mission of the Coast Guard Reserve is stated in the Reserve Policy Statement issued in 2018: America's Coast Guard is an Armed Service, a critical instrument of national security, and a key component to the Nation's emergency response capability.

neg: High-frequency direction finding High-frequency direction finding High-frequency direction finding, usually known by its abbreviation HF/DF or nickname huff-duff, is a type of radio direction finder (RDF) introduced in World War II. High frequency (HF) refers to a radio band that can effectively communicate over long distances; for example, between U-boats and their land-based headquarters. HF/DF was primarily used to catch enemy radios while they transmitted, although it was also used to locate friendly aircraft as a navigation aid. The basic technique remains in use to this day as one of the fundamental disciplines of signals intelligence, although typically incorporated into a larger suite

neg: High Frequency Internet Protocol uses Automatic Link Establishment for initiating data communications, with ARQ 8FSK frequency-shift keying and PSK phase-shift keying signals. High Frequency Internet Protocol High Frequency Internet Protocol (HFIP or HF-IP) is usually associated with Automatic Link Establishment and HF radio data communications. HFIP provides protocol layers enabling internet file transfer, chat, web and email. HFIP commonly uses ionospheric propagation of radio waves to form a wide area network that can span thousands of kilometers. HF transceivers in HFIP service typically run 20 to 150 Watts for portable or mobile units, up to approximately 2000 Watts transmitter output for high power base

neg: Wireless Communications of the German Army in World War II used FM modulation instead of AM. Torn.Fu.f: A HF transceiver. It operated in the 4.5-6.67 MHz frequency range. 0.7 Watt output AM voice and CW. Panzergrenadier units. Identical to Torn.Fu.b with exception of frequency range. Torn.Fu.g: A HF transceiver. It operated in the 2.5-3.5 MHz frequency range. .5 Watt output AM voice and CW. Used at the battalion to company level. Some command and reconnaissance units had this infantry transceiver to allow then to talk to Panzergrenadier units. Torn.Fu.h: A HF transceiver. It operated in the 23-28 MHz frequency range. 0.6 Watt output AM voice. SPG units. Torn.Fu.i A HF

neg: Coast Guard Command (Turkey) Coast Guard Command (Turkey) The Coast Guard Command () is the coast guard service branch of the Turkish Armed Forces. During peacetime, the Turkish Coast Guard is under the command of the Ministry of the Interior. However, during emergency and wartime it falls under the command of the Turkish Armed Forces. The Turkish Coast Guard is organized into four area commands: the Black Sea, the Sea of Marmara, the Aegean Sea, and the Mediterranean Sea. Affiliated with the Guarding Administration (Ottoman Turkish: "Muhafaza Memurluğu"), the Coast Guard is responsible for controlling the maritime jurisdiction areas and coasts of Turkiye and

neg: United States Coast Guard Reserve United States Coast Guard Reserve The United States Coast Guard Reserve is the reserve component of the United States Coast Guard. It is organized, trained, administered, and supplied under the direction of the Commandant of the Coast Guard through the Director of Reserve and Military Personnel. The mission of the Coast Guard Reserve is stated in the Reserve Policy Statement issued in 2018: America's Coast Guard is an Armed Service, a critical instrument of national security, and a key component to the Nation's emergency response capability. As the Coast Guard's ready force in garrison, the Reserve Component provides operationally capable

neg: Maldivian Coast Guard Air Elements in emergency cases. In the future, Air Wing would be used in taking Special Forces across the country to counter terrorist attacks within the area. In addition, the Air Wing would be responsible in transferring patients to the health centers in emergency cases. The aircraft of the Air Wing are also used in transportation of the troops of Special Forces (Maldives) to areas of counter terrorist attacks. Retired Inventory: Mil Mi-17, HAL Do 228 Maldivian Coast Guard Air Elements The Maldivian Air Elements is the air wing of the Maldivian Coast Guard. The Maldivian Coast Guard Air Elements was formed

neg: Barrett Communications known as the Barrett PRC-2080 Tactical VHF radio system includes VHF 30 to 88 MHz squad, brigade, base and mobile transceivers and rebroadcast units. This equipment provides digital voice, encryption, frequency hopping, data, positional awareness and rebroadcast capability. Barrett Communications Barrett Communications is a specialist manufacturer and supplier of commercial high frequency (HF), tactical HF and very high frequency (VHF) communications equipment. Its head office for design and manufacturing is located in Perth, Western Australia. Barrett Communications was founded in 1976. The company steadily grew and began exporting their first commercial HF radios in 1987. The range has been expanded

neg: Signals intelligence in modern history rotor machine like the German Enigma machine, it was never known to be cracked. It was replaced by electronic encryption devices. The American Sigint effort began in the early 1930s with mounting tensions with the Japanese. The Navy started implementing high frequency DF (HF/DF) at eleven planned locations, primarily on the Atlantic Coast. The first operational intercept came from what would later be called Station CAST, at Cavite in the Philippines. In July 1939, the function turned from training and R&D to operations, and the Navy officially established a Strategic Tracking Organization under a Direction Finder Policy. By December 1940,

neg: James C. Card James C. Card James Conrad Card (born August 8, 1942) is a retired vice admiral in the United States Coast Guard who served as Vice Commandant from 1998 to 2000. He was previously Commander, Coast Guard Pacific Area, Eleventh Coast Guard District, U.S.Maritime Defense Zone Pacific, and Regional Emergency Transportation Coordinator, Chief of Staff, Thirteenth Coast Guard District, Assistant Commandant for Marine Safety and Environmental Protection at Coast Guard Headquarters, and Commander of the Eighth Coast Guard District. He is an alumnus of the United States Coast Guard Academy (1964), Massachusetts Institute of Technology, and Industrial College of the Armed

neg: High Frequency Internet Protocol High Frequency Internet Protocol High Frequency Internet Protocol (HFIP or HF-IP) is usually associated with Automatic Link Establishment and HF radio data communications. HFIP provides protocol layers enabling internet file transfer, chat, web and email. HFIP commonly uses ionospheric propagation of radio waves to form a wide area network that can span thousands of kilometers. HF transceivers in HFIP service typically run 20 to 150 Watts for portable or mobile units, up to approximately 2000 Watts transmitter output for high power base stations with HFIP servers. STANAG 5066 is a common HFIP standard. An amateur radio HFIP network called HFLINK

neg: Indian Coast Guard Guard. Section 116 of the Coast Guard Act, 1978 defines the functions of the Chief Law Officer. Enrolled personnel in the Coast Guard serve as either a "yantrik" (technician) or "navik" (sailor). Enrolled personnel of Indian Coast Guard are trained along with Indian Naval sailors at the naval training establishment INS Chilka. All training undertaken by Coast Guard personnel is the same as those undertaken by sailors in the Indian Navy. All personnel are trained in operation of weapons systems in cases of emergency. Vessels belonging to the Indian Coast Guard bear the prefix "ICGS" – Indian Coast Guard Ship.

neg: Belgian Coast Guard meetings to drawing up emergency response plans together with the coast guard partners. The secretariat also assists with outlining policy and is the designated point of contact for coast guard – related organisations abroad. In addition, the public can consult the secretariat for all queries regarding the North Sea. The motto is: one question, one solution. The secretariat contacts the coast guard partner concerned for the right answer or a suitable solution. The building of the Maritime Rescue and Coordination Centre (MRCC) also houses the secretariat. To contact the secretariat: info@kwgc.be Belgian Coast Guard The Belgian Coast Guard is made

neg: Ship oil pollution emergency plan authority (Operations Department), N/12/2011 http://www.gl-group.com/pdf/SOPEP_SamplePlan.doc (DOC) http://www.marineinsight.com/misc/maritime-law/what-is-ship-oil-pollution-emergency-plan-sopep/ http://www.imo.org/OurWork/Environment/PollutionPrevention/OilPollution/Pages/Shipboard-Marine-Pollution-Emergency-Plans.aspx Ship oil pollution emergency plan The Shipboard Oil Pollution Emergency Plan, or SOPEP, is a prevention plan carried on board tankers >150 GT and other vessels >400 GT. In this plan you get an overview of possible procedures in case of an oil spill. In the plan is also mentioned who you should contact (list of authorities, oil cleanup teams and port state control) and how to report this event to the nearest coast guard station. Shipboard oil pollution plan contains: The plan should be written in accordance to the International Maritime

neg: Coast Guard Goal 2030 period will see the introduction of the maritime patrol aircraft to the coast guard. Coast Guard Goal 2030 Coast Guard Goal 2030 is a planned modernization program for the Bangladesh Coast Guard. The goal includes increasing manpower, purchasing more ships, hovercraft, helicopters, UAVs, maritime patrol aircraft and adding new generation surveillance technologies. The vision of the goal is for the Bangladesh Coast Guard to be a technologically advanced two-dimensional force that is capable of protecting the coastal area of Bangladesh well. Additionally, it will assist the Bangladesh Navy in case of any national emergency. The total development plans under the

neg: Coast Guard Goal 2030 Coast Guard Goal 2030 Coast Guard Goal 2030 is a planned modernization program for the Bangladesh Coast Guard. The goal includes increasing manpower, purchasing more ships, hovercraft, helicopters, UAVs, maritime patrol aircraft and adding new generation surveillance technologies. The vision of the goal is for the Bangladesh Coast Guard to be a technologically advanced two-dimensional force that is capable of protecting the coastal area of Bangladesh well. Additionally, it will assist the Bangladesh Navy in case of any national emergency. The total development plans under the Coast Guard Goal 2030 has been divided into three phases: the short term form

neg: High frequency the desired signal comes from only one direction. Long-distance (skywave) receiving antennas can generally be oriented either vertically or horizontally, since refraction through the ionosphere usually scrambles signal polarization, and signals are received directly from the sky to the antenna. High frequency High frequency (HF) is the ITU designation for the range of radio frequency electromagnetic waves (radio waves) between 3 and 30 megahertz (MHz). It is also known as the decameter band or decameter wave as its wavelengths range from one to ten decameters (ten to one hundred metres). Frequencies immediately below HF are denoted medium frequency (MF), while

neg: Emergency Response Unit (IFRC) society with its communication systems. They are using field proven technology like satellite phone systems, high frequency (HF) and very high frequency (VHF) radio systems. Clear drinking water and hygiene training are two key aspects of working hygiene. This unit provides water purification and distribution as well as the planning and initiating of latrine construction programmes, garbage collection and disposal programmes, burial of corpses, vector control and protection such as spraying of health installations, latrines, garbage disposal points, stagnant water ponds against flies, fleas, rats, and mosquitoes, initiating hygiene education and promotion. These units have several modules, which they can

neg: Telenor Maritim Radio which allowed for medical diagnosis and treatment advice from physicians at Haukeland Hospital. High frequency (HF) services were introduced in 1927, allowing messages to penetrate globally. The most important use was reaching fishing vessels in the Antarctic and increased the use of private telegrams by seamen. Implementation was slow: by 1935 HF transmitters had been installed on about 100 Norwegian ships, and 450 ships by 1940. Wireless telephony was introduced at Bergen Radio in 1931 and by 1939 the service covered the entire coast. In 1940 there were 70 communities which had their telephone network connected to the national network

neg: Hvalur 9 RE399 Hvalur 9 RE399 Hvalur 9 RE399 is an Icelandic whaling ship built in 1952 in Norway. It has been a part of the Icelandic whaling fleet operated and owned by the company Hvalur HF since 1966. In 1973 she was requisitioned by the Icelandic Coast Guard, repainted, renamed "Týr" and armed with a 57 mm gun and subsequently used to cut the fishing gear from foreign fishing vessels fishing illegally (according to Icelandic law) in a newly claimed fishery zone during the Second Cod War. During her service in the Coast Guard she was usually nicknamed "Hval-Týr" to differentiate from

neg: Gregory N. Todd California. From 1996 to 1998, Todd was chaplain aboard the Ticonderoga-class guided missile cruiser "USS Chancellorsville". Todd served his first tour with the Coast Guard from 1998 to 2002, serving as chaplain at Coast Guard Activities New York. While there, he was the first Navy chaplain to arrive at the World Trade Center site after the September 11 attacks, and hosted a Coast Guard Chaplain Emergency Response Team of thirty Navy chaplains working with the Coast Guard, that ministered to civilians and emergency crews at various locations, including Ground Zero, the family center, and One Police Plaza. He was also

neg: Link 22 hardware unit may contain more than one SPC. At the time this book was written, there were three manufacturers of SPCs, which all supported HF and UHF Fixed Frequency media. In 2015 one SPC manufacturer discontinued its product, so two SPC manufacturers remained. Frequency hopping media is also supported either within a separate SPC or embedded within a frequency hopping radio. The fixed frequency HF and UHF SPCs were available in 19" rack mountable chassis, with two of them containing VME cards which could be mounted in a suitably configured VME backplane. Radio frequency and power control by the SPC

neg: Japan Coast Guard Japan Coast Guard The , formerly the Maritime Safety Agency, is the Japanese coast guard. Comprising about 12,000 personnel, it is under the oversight of the Ministry of Land, Infrastructure, Transport and Tourism, and is responsible for the protection of the coastline of Japan. It was founded in 1948. Motto of the Japan Coast Guard is 'Righteous Benevolence' (正義仁愛). The mission of the JCG is to ensure security and safety at sea as below: As stipulated in Article 25 of the Japan Coast Guard Law, the JCG is not a military but a civilian organization. In the case of emergency

neg: Coast Guard Command (Turkey) Turkish design. Smaller 150 ton and 70 ton patrol boats of German design were nearing obsolescence in the mid 1990s. An ambitious construction plan foresaw a major strengthening of the service with eight new vessels of 350 - 400 tons and 48 ships of 180 - 300 tons. Coast Guard Command (Turkey) The Coast Guard Command () is the coast guard service branch of the Turkish Armed Forces. During peacetime, the Turkish Coast Guard is under the command of the Ministry of the Interior. However, during emergency and wartime it falls under the command of the Turkish Armed Forces. The

neg: James C. Card to the IMO Maritime Safety and Marine Environmental Protection Committee. Card was born in Hillside, Illinois in 1942. He is married to Jean Howell and has two sons. James C. Card James Conrad Card (born August 8, 1942) is a retired vice admiral in the United States Coast Guard who served as Vice Commandant from 1998 to 2000. He was previously Commander, Coast Guard Pacific Area, Eleventh Coast Guard District, U.S.Maritime Defense Zone Pacific, and Regional Emergency Transportation Coordinator, Chief of Staff, Thirteenth Coast Guard District, Assistant Commandant for Marine Safety and Environmental Protection at Coast Guard Headquarters, and Commander

neg: Barrett Communications Barrett Communications Barrett Communications is a specialist manufacturer and supplier of commercial high frequency (HF), tactical HF and very high frequency (VHF) communications equipment. Its head office for design and manufacturing is located in Perth, Western Australia. Barrett Communications was founded in 1976. The company steadily grew and began exporting their first commercial HF radios in 1987. The range has been expanded to include transceivers (base, portable and mobile), modems, power supplies, amplifiers, antennas and accessories. In May 2009, Barrett Communication acquired Q-MAC Electronics which increased the Barrett Communications product range to include VHF radio systems. In August 2011, Barrett

neg: Heart rate variability is interest in HRV in the field of psychophysiology. For example, HRV is related to emotional arousal. High-frequency (HF) activity has been found to decrease under conditions of acute time pressure and emotional strain and elevated state anxiety, presumably related to focused attention and motor inhibition. HRV has been shown to be reduced in individuals reporting to worry more. In individuals with post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD), HRV and its HF component (see below) is reduced whilst the low-frequency (LF) component is elevated. Furthermore, PTSD patients demonstrated no LF or HF reactivity to recalling a traumatic event. The polyvagal theory describes

neg: Oslo University Hospital, Rikshospitalet 2007) the notation was changed to "Rikshospitalet HF" (Rikshospitalet University Hospital HF) and that name now covers what used to be 12 different governmental hospitals (Rikshospitalet, Radiumhospitalet, Geilomo, Strålesatelitt ved Sykehuset Innlandet, Hjertesenteret i Oslo, Epilepsisenteret SSE, Spesialsykehuset for rehabilitering i Stavern, Voksentoppen, Spesialsykehuset for rehabilitering i Kristiansand, Nordagutu opptreningssenter og kvinneklinikken Føderiket), each with their own specialities and now under the same "branding". The hospital is the last stop on the Ullevål Hageby Line of the Oslo Tramway. Rikshospitalet Station is served by lines 17 and 18. Oslo Heliport, Rikshospitalet consists of a diameter helipad from the emergency department.

neg: Directorate General of Coastal Safety coast are to be rendered with 417 lighthouses, 34 light-buoys, 19 marking buoys, 15 fog whistles, 2 fog bell and 3 beacon 9 racon equipments. It obviates the need of Marine Communication of Turkish and foreign flagged vessel in all over the world seas by using different frequency bands as telephone, telex and telegraph. It has short/middle/long frequency, DSC and Navtex stations. Conducting Distress, Search and Rescue, Navtex and Routine Radio Telephone and Radi Telex communications by; Remote controlled VHF/MF/HF/ Navtex coastal stations. Turk Radio is Navtex Coordinator and Accounting Authority in Turkey. There are 26 VHF stations unmanned and

neg: United States Coast Guard Auxiliary sued directly in many tort, property, and injury cases arising from their official duties. A handful of states offer limited employment protection for members of the Auxiliary who are called to assist emergency responders following a disaster or to attend to other Auxiliary matters. Since the establishment of the Coast Guard Auxiliary, a number of Auxiliarists have died in the line of duty. United States Coast Guard Auxiliary The United States Coast Guard Auxiliary (USCGAUX, CGAux, or USCG Aux) is the uniformed auxiliary service of the United States Coast Guard (USCG). Congress established the USCG Aux on June 23, 1939,

neg: High-frequency direction finding the edge of the display, or went off it. By aligning the cursor with the peaks at either end, this became simple. Hash marks on either side of the cursor allowed measurement of the width of the display, and use that to determine the amount of blurring. Further reading High-frequency direction finding High-frequency direction finding, usually known by its abbreviation HF/DF or nickname huff-duff, is a type of radio direction finder (RDF) introduced in World War II. High frequency (HF) refers to a radio band that can effectively communicate over long distances; for example, between U-boats and their land-based headquarters.

neg: Wave radar separation is chosen to give a “spatial beat” length which is in the range of the water waves of interest. The dual frequency radar may be considered a microwave equivalent of the high frequency (HF) radar (see below). The dual frequency radar is suitable for the measurement of surface current. As far as wave measurements are concerned, the back-scatter processes are too complicated (and not well understood) to allow useful measurement accuracy to be attained. The HF radar CODAR SeaSonde and Helzel WERA are well established as a powerful tool for sea current measurements up to a range of 300

neg: Wireless Communications of the German Army in World War II voice. The German army issued infantry radios in two main series. The "Backpack" or Torn series and the field or Feld series. Torn.Fu.a A HF transceiver. It operated in the 3-6.67 MHz frequency range. 2 Watt output AM voice and CW Torn.Fu.b: A HF transceiver. It operated in the 3-5 MHz frequency range. 0.7 Watt output AM voice and CW. Formed the base design of other units. Used by the infantry at the regimental and battalion level. Not intended to be used on the move. Torn.Fu.c: A HF transceiver. It operated in the 1.5-2.6 MHz frequency range. Otherwise identical to

neg: High frequency that the usable spectrum shifts towards the lower frequencies and into the Medium Frequency (MF) range during winter nights, while on a day in full summer the higher frequencies tend to be more usable, often into the lower VHF range. When all factors are at their optimum, worldwide communication is possible on HF. At many other times it is possible to make contact across and between continents or oceans. At worst, when a band is "dead", no communication beyond the limited groundwave paths is possible no matter what powers, antennas or other technologies are brought to bear. When a transcontinental

neg: Wacław Struszyński both those operations which the Germans regarded as successful and those which ended as either minor successes or failures—the remarkable fact is that the outcome always depended decisively on the efficient use of high frequency direction finding." Rohwer also notes that, during the war, the Germans, being unaware of seaborne high frequency direction finding, concluded that their U-boat failures were due to Allied radar developments. Thus German records stress the relevance of radar, and not of seaborne HF/DF. Both radar and HF/DF (and ASDIC) were vital electronic techniques in the defeat of the U-boats, but HF/DF had the advantage of

neg: Link 22 are in the 2-30 MHz band, which provides Beyond Line-Of-Sight (BLOS) communication (HF Sky Wave or HF Ground Wave) optimized for transmission up to . HF also provides direct Line-Of-Sight (LOS) communications. UHF communications are in the 225-400 MHz band, which provides only LOS communication. Within each band, either fixed frequency or frequency hopping radios can be used. Greater coverage is provided by the automatic relay of messages within the Link 22 system as previously mentioned. Link 22 has better tactical data throughput than Link 11, and it can even work in conditions where Link 11 will not. When conditions

neg: Hotwash After Action Review. "Hotwash" is a term picked up in recent years by the Emergency Preparedness Community, likely as a result of Homeland Security and other government agencies' involvement in disaster planning. It serves as a form of after-disaster briefing for all parties involved to analyze what worked well, what needs improvement, what person or agency needs to be responsible for said improvements, and the assignments and timelines for the noted corrective and proactive improvements to be in place. The term "hotwash" originated in the U.S. Army: It is also commonly used in the Coast Guard and other seagoing services

neg: Amateur radio emergency communications of the OEVSV and IARU - the national and international amateur radio associations. Our focus is to support the public in the event of crises when conventional communication systems fail. Many of our members are volunteers in organizations such as the Austrian Red Cross, Civil Defense, fire brigades, military and related institutions. Unique EmComm support is provided by use of the HF, VHF and UHF frequency spectrums and many operating modes for voice and data communications. Besides usual point-to-point communications, we rely on repeaters, international networks such as Winlink, Echolink, APRS and HAMNET. For instance, one of the 5 mirror-redundant

neg: Coast Guard Authorization Act of 2015 allow the Coast Guard to maintain progress in developing requirements and preliminary design for a new heavy icebreaker." "I am also pleased that this legislation includes language that will continue to preserve the remaining LORAN–C infrastructure until such time as the administration makes a final decision on whether or not to build out an enhanced LORAN or eLORAN infrastructure to provide a reliable, land-based, low-frequency backup navigation timing signal to back up GPS, the Global Positioning System." Coast Guard Authorization Act of 2015 The Coast Guard Authorization Act of 2015 is an act of the United States that governs the

neg: Radioteletype place in May 1946 between Dave Winters, W2AUF, Brooklyn, NY and W2BFD, John Evans Williams, Woodside Long Island, NY. On the west coast, amateur RTTY also started on 2 meters. Operation on 80 meters, 40 meters and the other High Frequency (HF) amateur radio bands was initially accomplished using make and break keying since frequency shift keying (FSK) was not yet authorized. In early 1949, the first American transcontinental two-way RTTY QSO was accomplished on 11 meters using AFSK between Tom McMullen (W1QVF) operating at W1AW and Johnny Agalsoff, W6PSW. The stations effected partial contact on January 30, 1949, and

neg: Casco Cove Coast Guard Station Casco Cove Coast Guard Station Casco Cove Coast Guard Station is a military facility and private use airfield on Attu Island, one of the Aleutian Islands in the U.S. state of Alaska. Owned by the United States Coast Guard, Casco Cove CGS is located west of Anchorage, Alaska. Also known as LORAN Station Attu, the facility was closed on August 27, 2010, but the airfield remains available for emergency use. Established as Naval Air Facility Attu on June 7, 1943, just seven days after Attu Island was declared secured. The Casco Cove Airport was a LORAN navigation station operated by

neg: Naval Radio Transmitter Facility (NRTF) Niscemi has not reported any problems or incidents. Naval Radio Transmitter Facility (NRTF) Niscemi Naval Radio Transmitter Facility Niscemi (NRTF Niscemi) is a transmission facility of the United States Navy at Niscemi, Sicily, maintained by the N92 Division of Naval Computer and Telecommunications Station Sicily. The facility houses low frequency (LF) and high frequency (HF) transmitter and antenna systems, and certification of the new U.S. Navy Mobile User Objective System (MUOS) ground terminals is in progress as of early 2015. The joint American, Italian, and NATO facility houses an AN/FRT-95A Low Frequency Radio Transmitting System, hosts a USAF HF SCOPE Command,

neg: Maxwell K. Goldstein ambiguous location readings. Goldstein was tasked to devise a solution to this problem for both Navy and Coast Guard vessels. Goldstein determined that the ship's own structure and electronic equipment was causing the interference, and devised a practical solution. First, to provide the clearest possible access to transmitted radio waves, the HF/DF receiver antenna was placed at the highest point of the ship's mast, receiving priority over even the radar apparatus. Secondly, Goldstein developed a detailed testing and calibration protocol through which every individual HF/DF system was carefully customized to account for the structure, layout and electronics of the specific

neg: Hellenic Coast Guard cars and motorcycles. The Hellenic Coast Guard operates the Maritime Rescue Coordination Center (MRCC) in Piraeus and the Emergency Radio Communications Station "SXE" at Aspropyrgos (). The Hellenic Coast Guard also operates the Vessel Traffic Service (V.T.M.I.S.) at busy sea lanes, currently around the ports of Piraeus, Elefsis, Lavrion and Rafina. Between May 21, 1964 and 1980 the Hellenic Coast Guard had its own special flag, which was derived from the Greek Ensign with the addition of the crossed anchors badge on the center of the white cross. The main activities of the Hellenic Coast Guard are defined in the

neg: Small Satellite Program (United States Naval Academy) the spacecraft integrator, QIKCOM-2 is being held as a hot-backup and will be launched at the earliest opportunity. See http://aprs.org/qikcom-2.html HFSat is designed to be a HF SATCOM (High Frequency Satellite Communications) experiment to demonstrate the use of HF radios for simple backup HF SATCOM. The concept would allows every unit from the largest Naval warships to a single Marine infantryman to be equipped with HF radios to access SATCOM without needing special radios. The detailed designed began late summer of 2016 and initial tests will use HF Satellite allocations in the Amateur Satellite services as well as amateur experiments

neg: Thad Allen was commanding officer of Coast Guard Headquarters in Washington, D.C. Allen is a member of the Coast Guard Academy Board of Trustees. He was also the director of the bureaucratic transition of the Coast Guard from the Department of Transportation to the Department of Homeland Security. On September 5, 2005, while serving as Coast Guard Chief of Staff, Allen was appointed deputy to Federal Emergency Management Agency Director Michael D. Brown by Homeland Security Secretary Michael Chertoff, and placed in charge of Hurricane Katrina search-and-rescue and recovery efforts. Former colleagues interviewed after the announcement praised Allen as well-suited to the

neg: CCGS Cygnus St. John's to undergo emergency repairs after the ship began taking on water through a leak around the propeller shaft. The ship had been on a fishery patrol east of Newfoundland when the leak was noticed. "Cygnus" was escorted to port by the offshore supply vessel "Atlantic Kingfisher" and the Coast Guard ship . CCGS Cygnus CCGS "Cygnus" is a fisheries patrol vessel of the Canadian Coast Guard. The ship entered service in 1981 and is used to monitor the fisheries along the Atlantic coast of Canada. During the Turbot War, "Cygnus" was among the Coast Guard vessels sent to

neg: Coast Guard Act Lighthouse Service and, in 1942, the Bureau of Marine Inspection and Navigation. In 1967, the Coast Guard was placed under the United States Department of Transportation. Since 2003, the U.S. Coast Guard has fallen under the jurisdiction of the Department of Homeland Security and as before in times of war and emergency when declared by the president it reverts to the navy's control. Coast Guard Act The Coast Guard Act of 1915 was passed by Congress on January 20, 1915, and signed into law by then-American president Woodrow Wilson on the twenty-eighth day of the same month. The act created

neg: Rescue swimmer Coast Guard rescue swimmer training program is very challenging and is one of the toughest U.S. military training courses. Reportedly, only 75–100 Coast Guard personnel attend the school each year. The attrition rate in some years has been as high as 80%, although the 10-year average is just over 54%. Prospective U.S. Coast Guard rescue swimmers are physically conditioned to meet high physical fitness standards. About half of prospective candidates make it to AST "A" School. Upon graduation, candidates must attend seven weeks of training at the Coast Guard's Emergency Medical Technician (EMT) school in Petaluma, California, where ASTs become

neg: STANAG 5066 STANAG 5066 STANAG 5066 (Profile for High Frequency (HF) Radio Data Communication) is a NATO Standardization Agreement specification to enable applications to communicate efficiently over HF radio. STANAG 5066 provides peer protocols that operate above an HF modem and below the application level. STANAG 5066 includes the mandatory SIS (Subnet Interface Sublayer, sometimes called "Subnet Interface Service") protocol that enables an application to connect to an HF modem through a STANAG 5066 server over TCP/IP. This enables a clean separation between application and modem. The standard also defines two more layers, CAS which is intended to establish connections to other

neg: Bowman (communications system) examples of the UK/ARC341 VHF aircraft role radio (a derivative of the company's SINCGARS AN/ARC-201D airborne transceiver) for helicopter platforms. The Bowman HF frequency-hopping radios, of which 10,800 examples were supplied is designated UK/PRC325 in its basic 20 W manpack form and UK/VRC328/9 in its 100 W high-power and co-sited vehicular configurations. Essentially a UK equivalent of the US AN/PRC-150, it has had the proprietary Harris Citadel encryption from the original RF-5800H replaced with UK Type 1 (Pritchel) encryption and frequency hopping waveform. The Falcon II's original dual-band HF/VHF frequency range (1.6-60 MHz) has been narrowed to the 1.6-30 MHz

neg: HMAS Harman Receiving Station, in which watchkeepers listened for messages from ships on the high frequency (HF) bands. This area was designated as a radio quiet zone. About north-west of "Harman", the Belconnen Naval Transmitting Station was a sub-unit that maintained the corresponding HF and low frequency (LF) transmitting equipment, including the three masts for the , transmitter. The station was equipped with and HF transmitters that used a variety of antennas including rhombic, vertical monopole, and log-periodic antennas. The station was initially built with small cottages flanking the eastern side of the site, housing the electrical engineer-in-charge and the sailors who

neg: Non-line-of-sight propagation to 50 MHz but the majority of such NLOS links operate in the 'short wave' or high frequency (HF) frequency bands between 3 MHz and 30 MHz. In the latter half of the twentieth century, alternative means of communicating over large NLOS distances were developed such as satellite communications and submarine optical fiber, both of which potentially carry much larger bandwidths than HF and are much more reliable. Despite their limitations, HF communications only need relatively cheap, crude equipment and antennas so they are mostly used as backups to main communications systems and in sparsely populated remote areas where other

neg: Dan-Air Engineering lacked high frequency (HF) radios, they needed to be flown across the Pacific with two intermediate 24-hour stops at Wake Island and Honolulu (where the aircraft refuelled and waited for the overflight of the next scheduled Tokyo – Los Angeles 747 service to provide navigational assistance for the next stage of the onward journey until Los Angeles was reached). After reaching the US, they underwent an extensive modification programme at Boeing's Wichita plant in Kansas to comply with British Civil Airworthiness Requirements (BCAR). These modifications entailed the installation of two additional emergency doors each side of the rear fuselage and

neg: Link 22 the message is received by its addressees. The System Network Controller (SNC) calculates whether the relay is necessary, based on its knowledge of the connectivity among units. The ability of a unit to relay can be affected by its relay setting. This setting's default is automatic relay, but the unit can be disabled from performing relay or designated as a preferred relayer. Relay is performed on a per message basis. Because messages are retransmitted only when necessary, this reduces the use of bandwidth. Each NILE Network can employ either High Frequency (HF) or Ultra High Frequency (UHF) communications. HF communications

neg: High frequency as TV transmissions, are generally prohibited by HF's relatively small chunk of electromagnetic spectrum space. Noise, especially man-made interference from electronic devices, tends to have a great effect on the HF bands. In recent years, concerns have risen among certain users of the HF spectrum over "broadband over power lines" (BPL) Internet access, which has an almost destructive effect on HF communications. This is due to the frequencies on which BPL operates (typically corresponding with the HF band) and the tendency for the BPL signal to leak from power lines. Some BPL providers have installed notch filters to block out

neg: AN/ARC-5 at the transmitter control box. The receivers were tuned at the pilot's control box by electrical cables and long mechanical tuning shafts, allowing remote control of power, mode, frequency, and volume. AN/ARC-5 set composition and control differed markedly from the earlier systems. Three-unit receiver racks were still predominant, but the receiver line-up was quite different. One receiver would usually be a R-4A homing receiver, another the VHF R-28, and the last an MF/HF communication receiver. The transmitter rack would hold a VHF T-23 and an MF/HF transmitter corresponding to the MF/HF receiver. Frequency-stabilized versions of the AN/ARC-5 communications receivers usually

neg: Wireless Communications of the German Army in World War II 13: A Fug 6 with two receivers rather than 1. FuG 15: A HF receiver. It operated in the 23,000 to 24,950,3000 kHz (23-24.95 MHz) frequency range. It was matched with transceiver Fug 16 for use with Sturmartillerie (self-propelled artillery). FuG 16: A HF transceiver (receiver/transmitter) used in the command vehicles of Sturmartillerie units. It operated in the 23,000 to 24,950 kHz (23-24.95 MHz) frequency range with a transmit power of 10 Watts. It was usually used with a 2.0 metre antenna. Range 2 km AM voice to 4 km CW. FuSpr.a: A mid-band HF transceiver. It operated in the

neg: June 2008 Midwest floods and Federal Emergency Management Agency assistance. Many low-lying areas of central and northern Indiana were evacuated because of the rapid rise of the waters. Indiana Governor Mitch Daniels declared a state of emergency in 23 counties and called in the United States Coast Guard to assist in evacuations and rescues. The Coast Guard responded by sending two helicopters to the state along with boats and personnel. The Indiana National Guard was called out to assist in evacuation and direct traffic and enforce road blocks on the many flooded roads. Some areas of southern Indianapolis, where the White River was several

neg: Shortwave radio Shortwave radio Shortwave radio is radio transmission using shortwave radio frequencies. There is no official definition of the band, but the range always includes all of the high frequency band (HF), and generally extends from ; from the high end of the medium frequency band (MF) just above the mediumwave AM broadcast band, to the end of the HF band. Radio waves in the shortwave band can be reflected or refracted from a layer of electrically charged atoms in the atmosphere called the ionosphere. Therefore, short waves directed at an angle into the sky can be reflected back to Earth

neg: United States Coast Guard current or former Coast Guard personnel. In 2008, the term "Guardian" was introduced as an alternative but was later dropped. Admiral Robert J. Papp, Jr. stated that it was his belief that no Commandant had the authority to change what members of the Coast Guard are called as the term Coast Guardsman is found in Title 14 USC which established the Coast Guard in 1915. "Team Coast Guard" refers to the four components of the Coast Guard as a whole: Regular, Reserve, Auxiliary, and Coast Guard civilian employees. Commissioned officers in the Coast Guard hold pay grades ranging from O-1

neg: Otis Air National Guard Base facility, and the Navy has considered it as a place of interest should they decide to base naval forces in the Northeast again. A partnership was created on December 22, 2006 among the Coast Guard, National Guard, and the Commonwealth of Massachusetts. The Coast Guard assumed control of the aviation facilities from the Air Force, the Air National Guard took over the management of the utilities, and the state funds the emergency services and fire protection. Improvements to the lighting system were put in control of the Coast Guard. The Federal Aviation Administration has released new flight procedures that identify

neg: Kauai Plantation, plans to convert its operation to cultivating and processing sugarcane ethanol. Kauai is home to the U.S. Navy's "Barking Sands" Pacific Missile Range Facility, on the sunny and dry western shore. HF ("shortwave") radio station WWVH, sister station to WWV and WWVB in Fort Collins, Colorado, is located on the west coast of Kauai about south of Barking Sands. WWVH, WWV and WWVB are operated by the US National Institute of Standards and Technology, broadcasting standard time and frequency information to the public. Land in Kauaʻi is very fertile; farmers raise many varieties of fruit and other crops. Guava,

neg: Canadian response to Hurricane Katrina evacuees to stay in Canada. The official response by the Government of Canada to the Gulf coast disaster came on September 2, following discussions between Public Safety and Emergency Preparedness Canada and the U.S. Federal Emergency Management Agency. The federal government announced it was deploying a task force comprising three warships—, and —along with the Coast Guard vessel and three Sea King helicopters and one BO-105 helicopter to the area. The Canadian Forces also provided several Griffon helicopters and crews to the New England States at the request of the United States Coast Guard whose search and rescue helicopters from

neg: Airbus Group, Inc. border patrol, monitoring illegal immigration, and drug interdiction. Its UH-72A Lakota Light Utility Helicopters operate with U.S. Army and National Guard units, providing search and rescue, disaster relief, drug interdiction and medical evacuation services from coast to coast. Other rotary-wing aircraft from Airbus Group's American Eurocopter subsidiary are flown by U.S. Customs and Border Protection along more than 10,000 miles of the nation’s borders, as well as by the U.S. Coast Guard, the Federal Bureau of Investigation, Drug Enforcement Administration, and law enforcement agencies across the country. Airbus Group Inc's subsidiary, Cassidian Communications, provides emergency notification services, emergency call centers

neg: Global Maritime Distress and Safety System its use requires skilled radio operators spending many hours listening to the radio distress frequency. Its range on the medium frequency (MF) distress band (500 kHz) is limited, and the amount of traffic Morse signals can carry is also limited. Not all ship-to-shore radio communications were short range. Some radio stations provided long-range radiotelephony services, such as radio telegrams and radio telex calls, on the HF bands (3–30 MHz) enabling worldwide communications with ships. For example, Portishead Radio, which was the world's busiest radiotelephony station, provided HF long-range services. In 1974, it had 154 radio operators who handled over 20

neg: USCGC Eagle (WIX-327) ship had to undergo emergency repairs. The Electric Boat facility in Groton, Connecticut was able to repair the masts in time for "Eagle"s planned deployment to Europe; she set sail just three and a half weeks later on 24 July. 1976 brought significant changes to "Eagle". The Coast Guard added their "racing stripe" and the words 'Coast Guard' to her otherwise unadorned white hull. In addition, the eagle figurehead on the bowsprit of the ship was replaced. The original eagle figurehead now resides on display in the U.S. Coast Guard Museum in Waesche Hall at the Coast Guard Academy. Finally,

neg: 2009 Hudson River mid-air collision that the New York City Fire Department (FDNY) had rescued one survivor from the Hudson River; however, this report was shown to be incorrect. In addition to FDNY, six rescue boat crews from Coast Guard Station New York, a Coast Guard rescue helicopter crew from Coast Guard Air Station Atlantic City, several Coast Guard Auxiliary assets, the New York City Police Department (NYPD), New Jersey State Police, and local emergency services all participated in the rescue effort. The Red Cross and the New York Harbor Police also assisted in the efforts. At about 3:00 p.m., Michael Bloomberg, the mayor of

neg: United States Coast Guard Auxiliary Fundamentals of Security, Suicide Prevention, Privacy, Sexual Harassment & Assault Prevention, and civil rights awareness. In addition, Auxiliarists must complete influenza and ethics awareness just once in their career using the Coast Guard Auxiliary Learning Management System. Failure to complete the Mandatory Training may make the Auxiliarist ineligible to participate in Coast Guard Auxiliary exercises, drills, or response events. The Coast Guard Auxiliary requires Auxiliarists to take mandatory Incident Command System (ICS) courses. Four of the Incident Command System (ICS) courses are offered through FEMA's Emergency Management Institute (EMI) and another course if offered through the Auxiliary Learning Management System.

neg: Country Fire Authority single-engined planes up to Very Large Aerial Tankers, based on commercial passenger jets. The CFA has 1,200 base radios, 5,800 vehicle radios, 3,000 hand held radios, 35,000 EAS pagers, 58 satellite terminals and 10,700 pre-conference telephone interceptors. In 2005, the CFA signed a Memorandum of Understanding with the Australian Volunteer Coast Guard to establish CFA coast guard brigades. Under the MoU, all Victorian coast guard vessels will have CFA radios installed, EAS (Emergency Alerting System) pagers as used by the CFA as well as basic firefighting tools including a small pump and hoses. Additionally all coast guard members are to

neg: Myanmar Radio National Service Yangon Station now mostly relays Naypyidaw Station's programming. Since the first high frequency (HF) installations back in the 1950s, the service's HF transmitter capacity has not had a major upgrade. However, there have been some minor frequency adjustments, with 4725 replacing the former 4795 and 5040, 7185 replacing 7125 and 7120, and 9730 replacing 9725 and 6035. Myanmar Radio National Service Myanmar Radio National Service (; formerly, Burma Broadcasting Service (BBS)), is the national radio service of Myanmar. It has its broadcasting headquarters in both the administrative capital of Naypyidaw and Yangon, Myanmar's largest city. The service runs Myanmar Radio

neg: Shortwave bands allocations on an "ad hoc" (non-interference) basis. Above 10 MHz there are numerous frequencies set aside for radio astronomy, space research (FCC terminology) and standard- frequency-and-time services. RF diathermy equipment uses 27.12 MHz to heat bulk materials or adhesives for the purpose of drying or improving curing. The industrial use of the frequency suggested the use of the 11 m band for CB radio. About a dozen narrow ("sliver") allocations for ISM exist throughout the radio spectrum. These allocations are among the smallest in the HF band, with respect to national HF allocations. Shortwave bands Shortwave bands are frequency allocations

neg: Helical antenna element at a particular resonant frequency. Many examples of this type have been used extensively for 27 MHz CB radio with a wide variety of designs originating in the US and Australia in the late 1960s. To date many millions of these ‘helical antennas’ have been mass-produced for mainly mobile vehicle use and reached peak production during the CB Radio boom-times during the 1970s to late 1980s and used worldwide. Multi-frequency versions with manual plug-in taps have become the mainstay for multi-band single-sideband modulation (SSB) HF communications with frequency coverage over the whole HF spectrum from 1mHz to 30 MHz

neg: Airband ballooning air-to-ground, flight test and national aviation authority use. A typical transmission range of an aircraft flying at cruise altitude (), is about in good weather conditions. Aeronautical voice communication is also conducted in other frequency bands, including satellite voice on Inmarsat or Iridium, and high frequency voice. Usually these other frequency bands are only used in oceanic and remote areas, though they work over wider areas or even globally. Military aircraft also use a dedicated UHF-AM band from 225.0–399.95 MHz for air-to-air and air-to-ground, including air traffic control communication. This band has a designated emergency and guard channel of

neg: Aircraft emergency frequency useful to the pilot if the aircraft is lost or "temporarily unsure of position". Both guard frequencies can be used by any aircraft in distress or experiencing an emergency and in addition it can be used by air traffic control to warn aircraft if they are about to fly into restricted or prohibited airspace. Aircraft will also be contacted on 121.5 MHz when intercepted by air defence aircraft, to ask for identification and intentions and to pass on instructions. Older emergency locator transmitters transmit on 121.5 MHz in case of impact. Newer ELTs transmit on 406 MHz, with a low

neg: MIL-STD-6011 Data Link (TDL)". MIL-STD-6011 TADIL-A/Link 11 is a secure half-duplex tactical data link used by NATO to exchange digital data. MIL-STD-6011 exchanges digital information among airborne, land-based, and ship-board tactical data systems. It is the primary means to exchange data such as radar tracking information beyond line of sight. TADIL-A can be used on either high frequency (HF) or ultrahigh frequency (UHF). However, the U.S. Army uses only HF. Link 11 relies on a single platform to report positional information on sensor detections. This positional information can be amplified with additional data to qualify the identity of the detected track.

neg: MIL-STD-6011 MIL-STD-6011 TADIL-A/Link 11 is a secure half-duplex tactical data link used by NATO to exchange digital data. MIL-STD-6011 exchanges digital information among airborne, land-based, and ship-board tactical data systems. It is the primary means to exchange data such as radar tracking information beyond line of sight. TADIL-A can be used on either high frequency (HF) or ultrahigh frequency (UHF). However, the U.S. Army uses only HF. Link 11 relies on a single platform to report positional information on sensor detections. This positional information can be amplified with additional data to qualify the identity of the detected track. Link 11 was

neg: Coast Guard Air Station Savannah Enforcement and Defense Readiness. Many of these missions require deployment of aviation detachments about Coast Guard Cutters. CGAS Savannah was commissioned in the summer of 1963 on what was then known as Hunter Air Force Base, which became Hunter Army Airfield in 1967. In 1964, the Coast Guard's original HH-52A Basic Operational Training Unit (BOTU) was established in Savannah. This unit was the forerunner of the Coast Guard's specialized aviator training program now at the Coast Guard Aviation Training Center in Mobile, Alabama. Coast Guard Air Station Savannah Coast Guard Air Station Savannah is a United States Coast Guard Air

neg: 6-meter band 6-meter band The 6-meter band is the lowest portion of the very high frequency (VHF) radio spectrum allocated to amateur radio use. The term refers to the average signal wavelength of 6 meters. Although located in the lower portion of the VHF band, it nonetheless occasionally displays propagation mechanisms characteristic of the high frequency (HF) bands. This normally occurs close to sunspot maximum, when solar activity increases ionization levels in the upper atmosphere. During the last sunspot peak of 2005, worldwide 6-meter propagation occurred making 6-meter communications as good as or in some instances and locations, better than HF frequencies.

neg: Amateur radio frequency allocations called Ultra High Frequency (UHF). The allocated bands for amateurs are many megahertz wide, allowing for high-fidelity audio transmission modes (FM) and very fast data transmission modes that are unfeasible for the kilohertz-wide allocations in the HF bands. While "line of sight" propagation is a primary factor for range calculation, much of the interest in the bands above HF comes from use of other propagation modes. A signal transmitted on VHF from a hand-held portable will typically travel about 5–10 km depending on terrain. With a low power home station and a simple antenna, range would be around 50 km.