query: which country is the source of the river danube

pos: Source of the Danube of Baden): “Danube, the biggest river of Germany, rises at the Martinskapelle in a wild and lonely area of the Black Forest, is called Brege at its origin and forms the river Danube in Donaueschingen where it is unified with the Brigach." (German original: „Donau, der größte Fluß Deutschlands, entspringt bei der Martinskapelle in einer wilden und einsamen Gegend des Schwarzwaldes, heißt am Anfang Brege… und bildet erst in Donaueschingen, wo sie sich mit der Brigach vereinigt, die Donau.“) The identification of the main spring in the uppermost Bregtal (also called Katzensteig) is dependent on a defining convention: Instead of

pos: Breg (river) Brigach in Donaueschingen to form the Danube - ""Brigach und Breg bringen die Donau zuweg"" ("Brigach and Breg bring the Danube together") as the well known rhyme goes. Since the Breg is not only the longest, but also the voluminous river of the Danube with a catchment area of 291.5 km², its source is considered hydrographically as the source of the Danube ("Donauquelle"). Breg (river) The Breg is a river, 46 kilometres long, in Baden-Württemberg, Germany, and the primary headstream of the Danube. The " Breg " is the longest and biggest headstream of the River Danube. It flows through

pos: Breg (river) Breg (river) The Breg is a river, 46 kilometres long, in Baden-Württemberg, Germany, and the primary headstream of the Danube. The " Breg " is the longest and biggest headstream of the River Danube. It flows through the southeast part of the Middle Black Forest and the lowlands of the Baar region. The Breg rises at a height of , six kilometres northwest of Furtwangen. Its source, which is near St. Martin's Chapel and is also called the source of the Danube or "Donauquelle", is protected as a natural monument. It is located about 100 metres south-east of the Rhine

pos: Nazi rule over the Danube River Romania had desired the outright abolition of the Danube River Commission since 1881, when King Carol I said he would insist on the mouths of the Danube, which ran through Romanian territory, being "exclusively controlled by Romanian officials." The country renewed its demands in 1919 at the Paris Peace Conference and in 1921 at a conference at which the Danube River Commission was renewed and strengthened as an independent agency. By 1935, a new power had appeared through the entire length of the Danube — Nazi Germany, whose new self-propelled barges swiftly moved up and down the river outside Germany's

pos: Isar Isar The Isar is a river in Tyrol, Austria and Bavaria, Germany. Its source is in the Karwendel range of the Alps in Tyrol; it enters Germany near Mittenwald, and flows through Bad Tölz, Munich, and Landshut before reaching the Danube near Deggendorf. At in length, it is the fourth largest river in Bavaria, after the Danube, Inn, and Main. It is Germany's second most important tributary of the Danube after the Inn. One theory is that the name "Isar" comes from the hypothetical Indo-European root "*es" or "*is", which meant "flowing water" and later turned into a word for

pos: Blau (Danube) Blau (Danube) The Blau () is a 22 km long river in Baden-Württemberg, southern Germany, and a left tributary of the Danube. The source of the Blau is the karst spring of "Blautopf", in the town Blaubeuren, in the Swabian Jura. It flows east through Blaustein to the city of Ulm, where it empties into the Danube. The valley of the Blau was formed by the Danube. When the Swabian Jura rose, the Danube initially incised a deeper and deeper valley but finally chose a course to the southwest. In the valley it left behind today, the Schmiech river flows

pos: Brigach Brigach The Brigach is the shorter of two streams that jointly form the river Danube in Baden-Württemberg, Germany. The Brigach has its source at above sea level within St. Georgen in the Black Forest. The Brigach crosses the city Villingen-Schwenningen. from the source, the Brigach joins the Breg in Donaueschingen to form the Danube River. The name Brigach is of Celtic origin and means ""light coloured, pure water"". A relief found here points to the goddess, Abnoba. One source of the Brigach is impounded in the cellar of a farmhouse in the upper valley near the village of Brigach and

pos: Kleine Laber Kleine Laber The Kleine Laber (also: "Kleine Laaber") is a river in Bavaria, Germany. The Kleine Laber issues into the Große Laber, which issues into the Danube River. From its source in the Landshut district near Pfeffenhausen-Egg the Kleine Laber mostly flows in the north-east direction, among others, through Neufahrn in Niederbayern. Then the stream reaches the district Straubing-Bogen. There it passes through Mallersdorf-Pfaffenberg, Geiselhöring, Perkam, Atting and Rain. Finally the stream issues into the Große Laber at Atting - Wallmühle. Originally the Kleine Laaber issued directly into the Danube. This changed in course of the training of the Danube.

pos: Regnitz Regnitz The Regnitz is a river in Franconia, Germany. It is a left tributary of the Main and is in length. The river is formed by the confluence of the rivers Rednitz and Pegnitz, which meet in the city of Fürth. From there the Regnitz runs northwards through the cities of Erlangen and Forchheim. It finally meets the Main near the city of Bamberg. Including its source rivers Rednitz and Franconian Rezat, it is long. Small portions of the Regnitz near Bamberg are incorporated into a canal connecting the Main with the Danube: the Rhine-Main-Danube Canal, which runs parallel most

pos: Blau (Danube) south meeting the Danube in Ehingen (Donau), whereas the Blau flows east towards Ulm. Blau (Danube) The Blau () is a 22 km long river in Baden-Württemberg, southern Germany, and a left tributary of the Danube. The source of the Blau is the karst spring of "Blautopf", in the town Blaubeuren, in the Swabian Jura. It flows east through Blaustein to the city of Ulm, where it empties into the Danube. The valley of the Blau was formed by the Danube. When the Swabian Jura rose, the Danube initially incised a deeper and deeper valley but finally chose a course

pos: Hüfingen Hüfingen Hüfingen is a town in the district of Schwarzwald-Baar, in Baden-Württemberg, Germany. It is situated on the Breg River, 4 km south of the source of the Danube. Hüfingen has the historical distinction of once marking the boundary of the Roman empire. In the first century of the common era, imperial policy settled on using the natural boundaries formed by the Danube and the Rhine rivers. Because of its proximity to the source of the Danube in nearby Donaueschingen, Hüfingen was the site of a Roman fort, Brigobanne, built to implement this policy. The legions built a road to

pos: Danube Commission (1948) well as to enlarge the circle of its members." France, Turkey and the European Union have declared they want to become members. Danube Commission (1948) The Danube Commission is concerned with the maintenance and improvement of navigation conditions of the Danube River, from its source in Germany to its outlets in Romania and Ukraine, leading to the Black Sea. It was established in 1948 by seven countries bordering the river, replacing previous commissions that had also included representatives of non-riparian powers. Its predecessor commissions were among the first attempts at internationalizing the police powers of sovereign states for a common

pos: Danube Commission (1948) Danube Commission (1948) The Danube Commission is concerned with the maintenance and improvement of navigation conditions of the Danube River, from its source in Germany to its outlets in Romania and Ukraine, leading to the Black Sea. It was established in 1948 by seven countries bordering the river, replacing previous commissions that had also included representatives of non-riparian powers. Its predecessor commissions were among the first attempts at internationalizing the police powers of sovereign states for a common cause. Members include representatives from Austria, Bulgaria, Croatia, Germany, Hungary, Moldova, Slovakia, Romania, Russia, Ukraine, and Serbia. The commission dates to the

pos: Abensberg Abensberg Abensberg () is a town in the Lower Bavarian district of Kelheim, in Bavaria, Germany, lying around 30 km southwest of Regensburg, 40 km east of Ingolstadt, 50 northwest of Landshut and 100 km north of Munich. It is situated on the Abens river, a tributary of the Danube. The town lies on the Abens river, a tributary of the Danube, around eight kilometres from the river's source. The area around Abensberg is characterized by the narrow valley of the Danube, where the Weltenburg Abbey stands, the valley of the Altmühl in the north, a left tributary of the

pos: Abensberg longer at the site. The suffering of ten unknown victims of the camp was recorded on the stone. Abensberg Abensberg () is a town in the Lower Bavarian district of Kelheim, in Bavaria, Germany, lying around 30 km southwest of Regensburg, 40 km east of Ingolstadt, 50 northwest of Landshut and 100 km north of Munich. It is situated on the Abens river, a tributary of the Danube. The town lies on the Abens river, a tributary of the Danube, around eight kilometres from the river's source. The area around Abensberg is characterized by the narrow valley of the Danube,

pos: Geography of Germany Frankfurt, the Vogelsberg massif, the Rhön, and the Thüringer Wald. South of Berlin, the east-central part of the country is more like the low northern areas, with sandy soil and river wetlands such as the Spreewald region. Southern Germany's landforms are defined by various linear hill and mountain ranges like the two adjacent ranges of the Swabian and Franconian Alb (reaching approximately from the source of the Danube in the southwest of Baden-Württemberg, south of Stuttgart, across Swabia into Central Franconia and to the valley of the river Main) and the Bavarian Forest along the border between Bavaria and the

pos: International Association for Danube Research Society of Limnology (SIL), and since 2003 it is a registered association () under Austrian law. In 2010, IAD terminated the affiliation to SIL. It was Liepolt’s wish to join people concerned with the Danube River from the source in Germany to the mouths in Romania and Ukraine. He invited scientific national representatives from all countries of the Danube Region for collaboration. In case of Eastern Europe, he sent official invitation letters to those colleagues who lived "behind the iron curtain". Thanks to him a face-to-face collaboration has been initiated on the various aspects of ecology and river use of

pos: White Main Spring between the source of the Main, whose waters reach the North Sea via the Rhine, and the nearby Fichtelnaab Spring, which drains via the Fichtelnaab and Danube into the Black Sea. The White Main Spring is a station on the Spring Way maintained by the Fichtelgebirge Club. The spring is designated by the Bavarian Department of the Environment as Geotope 472Q003. White Main Spring The White Main Spring () is the source of the White Main river, the right-hand and northern headstream of the River Main, a major tributary of the Rhine in Germany. It is located at a height

pos: Leibi 7 and changes its way to northeast. The river traverses a part of Nersingen also named Leibi and flows finally, after a few hundred meters through the forest "Auwald", into the Danube. Leibi The Leibi is a tributary of the Danube in the district of Neu-Ulm, Bavaria, Germany. The source of the Leibi is in the west of an industrial area in Weißenhorn. The river is 23.1 km long. At first the Leibi crosses the industrial area from South to North and the fields north of it. Then the river briefly turns west along a forest area. After that it

pos: Rottum (river) course. However, in the 1820s works to channel the river started, the last of which were finished in 1970, giving the river its current appearance. In 2013, a project will start to renaturate a stretch of the river within the confines of the city of Laupheim. Rottum (river) The Rottum is a river in the region of Upper Swabia in Baden-Württemberg in Germany. It is a tributary of the river Westernach, itself a tributary of the Danube, and has a length of 24 km. Including its source river Bellamonter Rottum and its lower course Westernach, it is long. The Rottum

pos: Altmühl Altmühl The Altmühl is a river in Bavaria, Germany. It is a left tributary of the river Danube and is approximately long. It is a place well known for potato farming. The source of the Altmühl is close to the town of Ansbach. From here the river runs southeastwards as a narrow brook to enter the (a lake) north of Gunzenhausen. After leaving Gunzenhausen the river describes a broad curve through the Franconian Jura. It enters the "" (Altmühl Valley Nature Park), which is known for its natural environment: The meanders of the Altmühl river have cut deep gorges into

pos: Radolfzeller Aach round. Radolfzeller Aach The Radolfzeller Aach (also known as Hegauer Aach) is a right or north tributary of the Rhine in the south of Baden-Württemberg (Germany). It is approximately 32 km long. The source of the river is the "Aachtopf" in Aach, the largest spring in Germany, at a height of 475 m above sea level. The water emerges from a karst cave. About two thirds of the water originates in the headwaters of the Danube. Between Immendingen and Möhringen an der Donau and in Fridingen, water from the Danube disappears underground (this is known as the "Danube Sinkhole"); this

pos: Radolfzeller Aach Radolfzeller Aach The Radolfzeller Aach (also known as Hegauer Aach) is a right or north tributary of the Rhine in the south of Baden-Württemberg (Germany). It is approximately 32 km long. The source of the river is the "Aachtopf" in Aach, the largest spring in Germany, at a height of 475 m above sea level. The water emerges from a karst cave. About two thirds of the water originates in the headwaters of the Danube. Between Immendingen and Möhringen an der Donau and in Fridingen, water from the Danube disappears underground (this is known as the "Danube Sinkhole"); this water

pos: Geography of Austria parliament and provincial governor, respectively. Geographic coordinates: Austria may be divided into three unequal geographical areas. The largest part of Austria (62%) is occupied by the relatively young mountains of the Alps, but in the east, these give way to a part of the Pannonian plain, and north of the Danube River lies the Bohemian Forest, an older, but lower, granite mountain range. The Danube has its source near Donaueschingen in southwestern Germany and flows through Austria before emptying into the Black Sea. It is the only major European river that flows eastwards, and its importance as an inland waterway

pos: Danube popular tourist destination. The Danube Bike Trail (also called Danube Cycle Path or the "Donauradweg") is a bicycle trail along the river. Especially the parts through Germany and Austria are very popular, which makes it one of the 10 most popular bike trails in Germany. The Danube Bike Trail starts at the origin of the Danube and ends where the river flows into the Black Sea. It is divided into four sections: The Sultans Trail is a hiking trail that runs along the river between Vienna and Smederevo in Serbia. From there the Sultans Trail leaves the Danube, terminating in

pos: Schussen that flows south to the Bodensee; all others flow north to the Danube. Schussen The Schussen is a long tributary of the Bodensee (Lake Constance) and, via the lake, enters the Rhine River in the southern portion of Upper Swabia in Baden-Württemberg (Germany). From its source, not far from the Lake Feder, around 1.5 kilometers north of Bad Schussenried, where it runs down the watershed between the Rhine and the Danube, to the Bodensee. The river passes south of Aulendorf through its own valley in the northern part of the Altdorf Forests, through the Schussen ravine by Durlesbach and by

pos: Tertiary Hill Country Tertiary Hill Country The Tertiary Hill Country ( or "Tertiäres Hügelland"), also called the Tertiary Hills, is an upland area with a moderate climate in the northern Alpine Foreland, which extends northwards as far as the River Danube. It is divided into two simple contiguous regions that are separated by the valley of the Lower Inn which itself is not usually counted as part of the Tertiary Hills. In Germany (Bavaria), the Lower Bavarian Upland is its larger northwestern element; in Upper Austria it forms the Hausruckviertl Mountain and Hill Country (also called the Upper Austrian Hill Country or "Oberösterreichisches

neg: Source of the Danube springs which differed in size or the starting point of a certain headwater also had a mythological meaning. This was reflected in holy springs/ water sanctuaries or in the worship of Naiads. This was also the case with the source of the mightiest river in the Roman Empire. The Danube river emanating from the Abnoba mountains was considered to be a river or spring goddess. In contrast to the more mythological role, the hydrological significance of the source of the Danube is uncommonly small. This is because the Danube gives an important part of its water to the Rhine both

neg: Source of the Danube Stuttgart announced that "the source of the Breg is not anymore displayed as the source of the Danube on ministerial maps. The land surveying office was instructed to act accordingly." However, the former minister for agriculture and forestry confirmed in a document addressed to Prof. Öhrlein in 1982: "Getting back to the issue regarding the source of the Danube, I can once again confirm that the so-called source of the Danube in Donaueschingen is certainly not the real source of the river Danube, if analysed with geographical and hydrological criteria. The river Breg can rightly be called the main stream

neg: Source of the Danube what is the spring of the Danube also interested the oceanographer Jacques Cousteau, who in 1987 filmed a documentary about the Danube around St. Martin's Church. For centuries, the two cities Furtwangen and Donaueschingen competed for an official status which declares their own source as the official source of the Danube. The city Furtwangen is located along the upper river Breg, while the city Donaueschingen is located at the symbolic source of the Danube. At times, the issue even involves the government of Baden-Württemberg. After the city council Donaueschingen intervened in 1981, for example, the Ministry of the Interior in

neg: Donaueschingen Baar basin in the southern Black Forest at the confluence of the Brigach and Breg rivers— the two source tributaries of the Danube— from which the town gets its name. This is today considered the true source of the Danube. An enclosed karst spring on the castle grounds, the source of the "Donaubach", is known as the source of the Danube. The municipal area extends continuously from the granite and gneiss of the Black Forest through the Triassic formations of the Schwarzwald-Baar talus to the Swabian Alb, and exhibits all strata of the southern German cuesta country. The heights decrease

neg: Wutach (river) the Miocene/Pliocene epochs, at a time when the Black Forest was already being uplifted but the Rhine Graben was not as low as it is today, the Danube had its source in the area of what is today the upper Rhone. This river system fragmented and most of it gradually became a network of tributaries of the Rhine river system (For more information, see Wutach Gorge). Latterly, the upper and middle reaches of today's Wutach formed the Feldberg Danube, the upper course of the Danube. But after the watershed between the aggraded Feldberg Danube and the downward-cutting Ancient Wutach, which

neg: Enns (river) Enns (river) The Enns is a southern tributary of the Danube River, joining northward at Enns, Austria. The Enns River spans , in a flat-J-shape. It flows from its source near the towns of Gasthofalm and Flachau, generally eastward through Radstadt, Schladming, and Liezen, then turns north near Hieflau, to flow past Weyer and Ternberg through Steyr, and further north to the Danube at Enns ("see map in References"). The Enns has its source in the Radstädter Tauern mountains in the Austrian state of Salzburg. In a valley which developed during the ice age, it flows at the border between

neg: Brigach the urban part of the borough. In the left-hand part of the castle park, a karst spring, which has been regarded as a source of the Danube for centuries and whose upper reaches are called the "Donaubach" ("Danube Stream") is routed underground through the park into the Brigach. Its confluence is marked by a temple dedicated to the former German Emperor, Kaiser William II. Compared with its two headstreams, this source of the Danube is, however, hydrologically insignificant. A mile and a half east of the "Donaubach" spring, the Brigach unites with the Breg, a river which joins from the

neg: Source of the Danube in which the river was located in the fringes of the populated areas. The oldest cartographic depiction by Sebastian Münster from 1538 shows the Donaubach spring as a rectangular pool; in 1875, the spring was modelled into a round pool after Adolf Weinbrenner's design. In 1895 the artist Adolf Heer created a group of statues above the pool, depicting “the mother Baar” showing her "daughter", the young Danube, the way. The supposed source of the Danube is a popular tourist attraction, which is however closed until Autumn 2015 due to extensive renovation and restoration. Similar springs on tributary rivers include

neg: Danube border, at . The land drained by the Danube extends into many other countries. Many Danubian tributaries are important rivers in their own right, navigable by barges and other shallow-draught boats. From its source to its outlet into the Black Sea, its main tributaries are (in order that they enter): The Danube flows through many cities, including four national capitals (shown below in bold), more than any other river in the world. Ordered from the source to the mouth they are: The Danube is navigable by ocean ships from the Black Sea to Brăila in Romania and by river ships

neg: Kaljina (river) abundant fish fauna, rich in species, some of which are critically endangered, such as Danube Salmon (or Danube Taimen) "(Hucho hucho)". All the Krivaja tributaries and especially its headwaters are important spawning grounds for both Danube Taimen and its prey, Common nase (Chondrostoma nasus) and Grayling (Thymallus thymallus). The Kaljina, its parent the Bioštica, and the Stupčanica are the main source of the Krivaja waters, and all three are unspoiled in sense of water quality, their hydromorphology, natural surroundings and river biodiversity. The rich pool of indigenous salmonids such as Danube brown trout ("Salo truta fario", Danube lineage), spawning grounds

neg: Yantra (river) Veliko Tarnovo, in length, albeit actually twice as long due to the river's many turns. Major cities on the river are Gabrovo, Veliko Tarnovo, Gorna Oryahovitsa, Polski Trambesh, and Byala, close to which is the famous bridge Belenski most over the Yantra. Yantra Cove in Livingston Island in the South Shetland Islands, Antarctica is named after Yantra River. Yantra (river) The Yantra () is a river in northern Bulgaria, a right tributary of the Danube. It is long (the second longest Bulgarian tributary of the Danube, after Iskar) and has a watershed of . The Yantra has its source from

neg: Cerna (Danube) the Cerna is part of the Domogled-Valea Cernei National Park. The Cerna flows through the villages and towns Cerna-Sat, Țațu, Băile Herculane, Pecinișca, Bârza, Topleț, Coramnic and Orșova. The following rivers are tributaries of the River Cerna: Cerna (Danube) The Cerna is a river in Romania, a left tributary of the river Danube. The Cerna has its source on the south-east side of the Godeanu Mountains and flows into the Danube near the town Orșova. The upper reach of the river is sometimes called Cernișoara. With a basin of 1433 square km and a length of 84 km, it carves

neg: Iskar (river) is 352 km long, which makes it the longest river that runs entirely within the territory of Bulgaria. The Danube and the Maritsa rivers are both longer but they also flow through other countries. The Iskar is a tributary to the Danube and forms part of the Black Sea river basin. It is the only river that takes its source in southern Bulgaria and flows north through the Balkan Mountains that form the water divide between the basins of the Black Sea to the north and the Aegean Sea to south. In terms of geology, the Iskar is the oldest

neg: Source of the Danube of the Danube." Source of the Danube The Danube is conventionally taken to be formed by the confluence of the two streams Brigach and Breg just east of Donaueschingen. Known as the source of the Danube ("Donauquelle") the source of the "Donaubach" in Donaueschingen itself. Hydrologically, the source of the Danube is the source of the Breg as the larger of the two formative streams, which rises near Furtwangen. There was an active rivalry between the municipalities of Furtwangen and Donaueschingen for the claim of being home to the "official" source of the Danube since the 1950s, sometimes with the

neg: Wien (river) Wien (river) The Wien is a river that flows through the city of Vienna. The Wien River is 34 kilometres long (21 miles), of which 15 km are within the city. Its drainage basin covers an area of 230 km² (89 mi²), both in the city and in the neighbouring Wienerwald. Its source lies in the western Wienerwald near Rekawinkel and its mouth at the eastern end of the city centre of Vienna, next to the Urania, where it flows into the Donaukanal ("Danube canal"), a branch of the Danube. The Wien is subject to huge variations in flow. In

neg: Yantra (river) Yantra (river) The Yantra () is a river in northern Bulgaria, a right tributary of the Danube. It is long (the second longest Bulgarian tributary of the Danube, after Iskar) and has a watershed of . The Yantra has its source from the northern foot of Hadzhi Dimitar Peak in Central Stara Planina, at . In its upper course, it is often called "Etar" (Етър), its older name. The river flows into the Danube close to Svishtov. A special feature of the river are the many gorges it forms by crossing the Fore-Balkan area, the largest one being close to

neg: Cerna (Danube) Cerna (Danube) The Cerna is a river in Romania, a left tributary of the river Danube. The Cerna has its source on the south-east side of the Godeanu Mountains and flows into the Danube near the town Orșova. The upper reach of the river is sometimes called Cernișoara. With a basin of 1433 square km and a length of 84 km, it carves an erosive tectonic valley with numerous gorges, quite deep sometimes. There is a man-made lake on it (Tierna), just before it crosses the Băile Herculane spa, to perpetuate the old toponimic od Dierna. The upper course of

neg: Source of the Danube Source of the Danube The Danube is conventionally taken to be formed by the confluence of the two streams Brigach and Breg just east of Donaueschingen. Known as the source of the Danube ("Donauquelle") the source of the "Donaubach" in Donaueschingen itself. Hydrologically, the source of the Danube is the source of the Breg as the larger of the two formative streams, which rises near Furtwangen. There was an active rivalry between the municipalities of Furtwangen and Donaueschingen for the claim of being home to the "official" source of the Danube since the 1950s, sometimes with the involvement of the

neg: Alps rivers such as the Danube have major tributaries flowing into them that originate in the Alps. The Rhône is second to the Nile as a freshwater source to the Mediterranean Sea; the river begins as glacial meltwater, flows into Lake Geneva, and from there to France where one of its uses is to cool nuclear power plants. The Rhine originates in a 30 square kilometre area in Switzerland and represents almost 60 percent of water exported from the country. Tributary valleys, some of which are complicated, channel water to the main valleys which can experience flooding during the snow melt

neg: Alternative theories of the location of Great Moravia of the northern Morava river and expanded his authority over Bohemia in 890. According to Boba, geographical references in the "Annals of Fulda" also show that Moravia was located to the south of the Danube. For instance, the annals recorded that Louis the German's army moved "ultra Danuvium" ("across the Danube" or "over the Danube") when he invaded Moravia in 864, suggesting a southward movement across the Danube towards Moravia from the perspective of the Fulda Abbey (which stood in a land to the north of the river). The same source also mentioned that the retainers of Arn, Bishop of

neg: Serbia of navigable canals), which are almost all located in northern third of the country. The most important inland waterway is the Danube (part of Pan-European Corridor VII). Other navigable rivers include Sava, Tisza, Begej and Timiş River, all of which connect Serbia with Northern and Western Europe through the Rhine–Main–Danube Canal and North Sea route, to Eastern Europe via the Tisza, Begej and Danube Black Sea routes, and to Southern Europe via the Sava river. More than 2 million tons of cargo were transported on Serbian rivers and canals in 2016 while the largest river ports are: Novi Sad, Belgrade,

neg: Geography of the Republic of Macedonia the territory. It issues from Lakes Prespa and Ohrid. The Black Sea basin is the smallest with only 37 km² It covers the northern side of Mount Skopska Crna Gora. Here is the source of the river Binačka Morava which joins the South Morava and later the Danube, which eventually flows into the Black Sea. Despite being a landlocked country, Macedonia has three large lakes (Ohrid, Prespa, and Dojran), three artificial lakes and roughly 50 ponds. There are nine spa resorts in Macedonia: Banište, Banja Bansko, Istibanja, Katlanovo, Kežovica, Kosovrasti, Banja Kočani, Kumanovski Banji and Negorci. The Vardar is the

neg: Schwechat (river) Schwechat (river) The Schwechat is a river in Lower Austria. The source is near the Schöpfl (893 m) in the Vienna Woods. Their source streams are the Riesenbach, Lammeraubach, Agsbach, Hainbach and the Großkrottenbach which all confluences at Klausen-Leopoldsdorf and forms the Schwechat River. He flows through the small town Alland, through the Helenental to Baden and through the Vienna Basin to Schwechat, where the river ends in the Danube. The Helenental is the Schwechat River Valley from Mayerling to Baden, named for the parish church of St Helena ("") about from the town center of Baden. Originally gothic, it's

neg: Schwechat (river) since been replaced by a baroque structure. Schwechat (river) The Schwechat is a river in Lower Austria. The source is near the Schöpfl (893 m) in the Vienna Woods. Their source streams are the Riesenbach, Lammeraubach, Agsbach, Hainbach and the Großkrottenbach which all confluences at Klausen-Leopoldsdorf and forms the Schwechat River. He flows through the small town Alland, through the Helenental to Baden and through the Vienna Basin to Schwechat, where the river ends in the Danube. The Helenental is the Schwechat River Valley from Mayerling to Baden, named for the parish church of St Helena ("") about from the

neg: Rusenski Lom Beli Lom going west at Senovo and the Cherni Lom flowing northeast after Shirokovo, as the two rivers get closer to merge east of Ivanovo. The Rusenski Lom empties into the Danube at the city of Ruse, which gives the river its name. The total length from the source of the Beli Lom is . The altitude of the mouth is above sea level. The Rusenski Lom flows through Rusenski Lom Nature Park. Rusenski Lom The Rusenski Lom () is a river in northeastern Bulgaria, the last major right tributary of the Danube. It is formed by the rivers Beli

neg: Krivaja (Bosna) for an abundant ichthyo-fauna, rich in species, some of which are critically endangered, such as Danube Salmon (or Danube Taimen) "(Lat. Hucho hucho)". All the Krivaja tributaries and especially its headwaters are important spawning grounds for both Danube Taimen and its pray, Common nase (Chondrostoma nasus) and Grayling (Thymallus thymallus). The Kaljina, its parent the Bioštica, and the Stupčanica are main source of the Krivaja waters, and all three are unspoiled in sense of water quality, their hydromorphology, natural surrounding and river biodiversity. Rich pool of indigenous salmonids such as Danube brown trout ("Salo truta fario", Danube lineage), spawning grounds

neg: Moldova the Danube before flowing into the Black Sea. Moldova has access to the Danube for only about , and Giurgiulești is the only Moldovan port on the Danube. In the east, the Dniester is the main river, flowing through the country from north to south, receiving the waters of Răut, Bîc, Ichel, Botna. Ialpug flows into one of the Danube limans, while Cogîlnic into the Black Sea chain of limans. The country is landlocked, though it is close to the Black Sea. While most of the country is hilly, elevations never exceed – the highest point being the Bălănești Hill.

neg: Iskar (river) named after Iskar River. Iskar (river) The Iskar ( ; ) is a right tributary of the Danube. With a length of 352 km it is the longest river that runs entirely within Bulgaria. Originating as three forks in Balkan's highest mountain range Rila, it flows in northern direction until its confluence with the Danube River. As it flows northwards it fuels the largest artificial lake in the country, the Iskar Reservoir, forms the divide between the Vitosha and Plana Mountains in the west and the Sredna Gora mountain range in the east before entering the Sofia Valley, which contains

neg: Source of the Danube government of the state of Baden-Württemberg. Thus, in 1981 the state government granted Donaueschingen the request that the source in Furtwangen should no longer be labelled "Donauquelle" in official maps. The waters of rivers collect in a barely comprehensible number of headwaters, which gradually merge. The numerous merger points of each greater upstream river build the backbone of this type of drainage system and with that the source of the entire river. The main point or backbone of a river is sometimes defined by further features such as length, drainage area or steady flow direction. For a long time, unique

neg: Geography of the Czech Republic corridor between the North European Plain and the Danube in central Europe Geography of the Czech Republic The geography of the Czech Republic is quite varied. Bohemia, at the west part of Czech Republic, consists of a river basin, drained by the Elbe (Czech: "Labe") and Vltava rivers. It is surrounded by mostly low mountains such as the Sudetes with its part Krkonoše, containing the highest point in the country, the Sněžka at . Moravia, the eastern part, is also quite hilly and is drained predominantly by the Morava river, but also contains the source of the Oder (Czech: "Odra")

neg: Iskar (river) Iskar (river) The Iskar ( ; ) is a right tributary of the Danube. With a length of 352 km it is the longest river that runs entirely within Bulgaria. Originating as three forks in Balkan's highest mountain range Rila, it flows in northern direction until its confluence with the Danube River. As it flows northwards it fuels the largest artificial lake in the country, the Iskar Reservoir, forms the divide between the Vitosha and Plana Mountains in the west and the Sredna Gora mountain range in the east before entering the Sofia Valley, which contains the nation's capital Sofia.

neg: Vit *udes). Vit Ice Piedmont in Antarctica is named after the river. Vit The Vit also Vid (; ) is a river in central northern Bulgaria with a length of 168 km. It is a tributary of Danube. The source of the Vit is in Stara Planina, below Vezhen Peak at an altitude of 2,030 m, and it empties into the Danube close to Somovit. The river has a watershed area of 3,228 km², its main tributaries being Kamenska reka, Kalnik and Tuchenitsa. Towns on or close to the river include Teteven, Pleven, Dolni Dabnik, Dolna Mitropoliya and Gulyantsi. The river's

neg: Timiș River town of Timiș City, even though its name may indicate it, is not a settlement on the river, but on another Romanian-Serbian river, Bega. From source to mouth: Jaša Tomić, Šurjan, Boka, Sečanj, Neuzina, Banatski Despotovac, Botoš, Tomaševac, Orlovat, Uzdin, Idvor, Farkaždin, Sakule, Čenta, Baranda, Opovo, Sefkerin, Glogonj, Jabuka, Pančevo The river's old mouth into the Danube was some to the north-west, between villages of Čenta and Surduk, thus it was shorter. Canal Karaš (Cyrillic: Караш) remained marking old river bed, and the area bounded by the old and new river beds and the Danube, is called Pančevački Rit (Marches

neg: Dudváh other branch is also called "Dolný Dudváh" ("lower Dudváh"). Dudváh Dudváh ( ) is a lowland river in western Slovakia. It is 97 km long, with a basin of 1,507 km², and with a flow of 1.3 m³/s near the village of Siladice. Its source is located in the Čachtice Little Carpathians, and it mostly runs in parallel to the Váh river. Near the town Čierna Voda, the Dudváh flows into the old branch of the Čierna voda river, which in turn flows into the Little Danube river. Near Siladice the river splits into two branches, one of which flows

neg: Dudváh Dudváh Dudváh ( ) is a lowland river in western Slovakia. It is 97 km long, with a basin of 1,507 km², and with a flow of 1.3 m³/s near the village of Siladice. Its source is located in the Čachtice Little Carpathians, and it mostly runs in parallel to the Váh river. Near the town Čierna Voda, the Dudváh flows into the old branch of the Čierna voda river, which in turn flows into the Little Danube river. Near Siladice the river splits into two branches, one of which flows directly into the Váh after a few km. The

neg: Vit Vit The Vit also Vid (; ) is a river in central northern Bulgaria with a length of 168 km. It is a tributary of Danube. The source of the Vit is in Stara Planina, below Vezhen Peak at an altitude of 2,030 m, and it empties into the Danube close to Somovit. The river has a watershed area of 3,228 km², its main tributaries being Kamenska reka, Kalnik and Tuchenitsa. Towns on or close to the river include Teteven, Pleven, Dolni Dabnik, Dolna Mitropoliya and Gulyantsi. The river's name comes from Thracian "Utus", a word for "water" (cf. IE

neg: Aist (river) Aist (river) The Aist is a river system in Upper Austria, a tributary of the Danube. Via its source rivers the "Feldaist" and the "Waldaist", and other streams, it drains an area of . The Aist rises in Hohensteg (south of Pregarten) and flows through the protected Natura-2000 site Waldaist-Naarn (Fauna-Flora-Habitat Area) on its journey to its confluence with the Danube. The name "Aist" was derived from a Slavic river designation, recorded in ancient documents such as the Wilhelmine deed. Upper Austria, as well as many other parts of Europe were, at that time inhabited by Slavic peoples. The river

neg: Ipeľ order: Ipeľ The Ipeľ (Slovak; ) or Ipoly (Hungarian) (German: "Eipel", archaic Slovak: "Jupoľ", Latin:"Bolia") is a long river in Slovakia and Hungary, a tributary of the Danube River. Its source is in central Slovakia in the Slovak Ore Mountains. It flows south to the Hungarian border, and then southwest, west, and again south along the border until it flows into the Danube near Szob. The Ipeľ flows through or creates the border of the Banská Bystrica and Nitra regions in Slovakia, and Nógrád and Pest counties in Hungary. The following towns and villages are situated on the river, in

neg: Ipeľ Ipeľ The Ipeľ (Slovak; ) or Ipoly (Hungarian) (German: "Eipel", archaic Slovak: "Jupoľ", Latin:"Bolia") is a long river in Slovakia and Hungary, a tributary of the Danube River. Its source is in central Slovakia in the Slovak Ore Mountains. It flows south to the Hungarian border, and then southwest, west, and again south along the border until it flows into the Danube near Szob. The Ipeľ flows through or creates the border of the Banská Bystrica and Nitra regions in Slovakia, and Nógrád and Pest counties in Hungary. The following towns and villages are situated on the river, in downstream

neg: Siret (river) Siret (river) The Siret or Sireth (, , , ) is a river that rises from the Carpathians in the Northern Bukovina region of Ukraine, and flows southward into Romania before it joins the Danube. It is long, of which in Romania, and its basin area is , of which in Romania. Its average discharge is . In ancient times, it was named "Hierasus" (Ancient Greek Ιερασός). The following towns and villages are situated along the river Siret, from source to mouth: Berehomet, Storozhynets, Siret, Grămești, Zvoriștea, Liteni, Dolhasca, Pașcani, Stolniceni-Prăjescu, Roman, Bacău, Adjud, Mărășești, Galați. The following rivers are

neg: Vedea (river) Vedea (river) The Vedea () is a river in southern Romania that flows from the Cotmeana Plateau and empties into the Danube, having a total length of 224 km, of which 33 km is regulated. Its drainage basin area is 5,430 km. It flows in Argeș, Olt and Teleorman counties. The towns Alexandria and Roșiorii de Vede lie in the vicinity of the river. The name of the river is Dacian in origin, from Indo-European *"wed", "water". The following towns and villages are situated along the river Vedea, from source to mouth: Făgețelu, Spineni, Tătulești, Optași, Corbu, Nicolae Titulescu, Văleni,

neg: Rába Rába The Rába (; ; ) is a river in southeastern Austria and western Hungary and a right tributary of the Danube. Its source is in Austria, some kilometres east of Bruck an der Mur below Heubodenhöhe Hill. It flows through the Austrian states of Styria and Burgenland, and the Hungarian counties of Vas and Győr-Moson-Sopron. Its is long, of which about 100 km in Austria. It flows into a tributary of the Danube (Mosoni-Duna) in northwestern Hungary, in the city of Győr. Towns along the Rába include Gleisdorf, Feldbach (both in Austria), and Szentgotthárd and Körmend (in Hungary). In

neg: Bulgars to the "Pseudo"–Zacharias Rhetor, "fled from the Khazars out of the Bulgarian mountains". In the Khazar ruler Joseph's letter is recorded "in the country in which I live, there formerly lived the Vununtur (< Vunundur < Onoğundur). Our ancestors, the Khazars warred with them. The Vununtur were more numerous, as numerous as the sand by the sea, but they could not withstand the Khazars. They left their country and fled... until they reached the river called Duna (Danube)". This migration and the foundation of the Danube Bulgaria (the First Bulgarian Empire) is usually dated c. 679. The composition of the

neg: Source of the Danube localizing the main spring in Gewann Briglirain (also called Brücklerain) it is, because of length and drainage measurements from the 1950s, localized at the Martinskapelle in Gewann today. This part of the river carries more water and has a bigger drainage but partly trickles away, especially in dry weather conditions, into the rubble at the bottom of the valley. This is no concern for the choice of this part of the river but for the height of the spring as a perennial outflow. The river Danube properly begins with the confluence of the two headwater streams Brigach and Breg in

neg: Main (river) allow CEMT class V vessels () to navigate the total length of the river. The 16 locks in the adjacent Rhine-Main-Danube Canal and the Danube itself are of the same dimensions. There are 34 dams and locks along the 380 km navigable portion of the Main, from the confluence with the Regnitz near Bamberg, to the Rhine. Most of the dams along the Main also have turbines for power generation. Tributaries from source to mouth: Left Right Around Frankfurt are several large inland ports. Because the river is rather narrow on many of the upper reaches, navigation with larger vessels

neg: Buzău (river) Buzău (river) The Buzău () is a river in eastern Romania, tributary of the river Siret. Its total length is 302 km, and its drainage basin area is 5,264 km. Its source is in the south-eastern Carpathian Mountains, east of Brașov. The Buzău flows through the Romanian counties Brașov, Covasna, Buzău and Brăila. It flows into the Siret close to its confluence with the Danube, west of Galați. The River Buzău gives its name to two urban municipalities: the city of Buzău (the Buzău county seat) and the town of Întorsura Buzăului, in Covasna County. Întorsura Buzăului (which means "Buzău's

neg: International Commission for the Protection of the Danube River International Commission for the Protection of the Danube River The International Commission for the Protection of the Danube River (ICPDR) is an international organisation with its permanent secretariat in Vienna. It was established by the Danube River Protection Convention, signed by the Danube countries in Sofia, Bulgaria, in 1994. The commission became active in 1998. Since then, it has grown into one of the largest and most active international bodies of river basin management expertise in Europe. The commission deals not only with the Danube itself, but also with the whole Danube River Basin, which includes more than 300 tributaries

neg: Hron was mentioned for the first time in 170, when Roman Emperor Marcus Aurelius wrote his "Meditations" at the Hron () river. The first recorded medieval name was Gron (1075). From the 17th century until the 1930s, the river was used for wood transport. Hron The Hron (, , , ) is a long left tributary of the Danube and the second-longest river in Slovakia. It flows from its source in the Low Tatra Mountains (below Kráľova hoľa) through central and southern Slovakia, emptying into the Danube near Štúrovo and Esztergom. Major cities and towns on the Hron are Brezno, Banská

neg: Source of the Danube the Neckar spring, the Enzbrunnen, the Pegnitz spring and the Berkel spring. The spring of the river Breg is situated in the north of Furtwangen next to the St. Martin's Church near the Kolmenhof (restaurant). The Breg is for geographical and hydrological reasons longer and has a bigger water flow than the Brigach which is why its spring is the main origin of the upper Danube. The dominance of the Breg is established by the following data: As early as 1847 the following definition can already be found in the "Universallexikon des Großherzogtums Baden" (Universal Lexicon of the Grand Duchy

neg: Argeș (river) Argeș (river) The Argeș () is a river in Southern Romania. It is long, and its basin area is . Its source is in the Făgăraș Mountains, in the Southern Carpathians and it flows into the Danube at Oltenița. The main city on the Argeș is Pitești. Upstream, it is retained by the Vidraru Dam, which has created Lake Vidraru. Its upper course, upstream of Lake Vidraru, is also called "Capra". The river is believed to be the same as Ὀρδησσός "Ordessus", a name mentioned by Ancient Greek historian Herodotus. The etymology of Argeș is not clear. Traditionally, it was

neg: Oryahovo Oryahovo Oryahovo () is a port city in northwestern Bulgaria, part of Vratsa Province. It is located in a hilly country on the right bank of the Danube, just east of the mouth of the river Ogosta, a few more kilometres downstream from where the Jiu flows into the Danube on Romanian territory. The town is known for the ferry service that connects it to the Romanian town of Bechet across the river. There are also plans by local private companies for a bridge across the Danube. As of December 2009, Oryahovo has a population of 5,400 inhabitants. The town's

neg: Osam north-west until it flows into the river Danube 5 km west of the town of Nikopol. The ancient name of the river was "Assamus". Osam The Òsam () is a river in northern Bulgaria. Its drainage basin is in between that of the river Vit to the west and the Yantra system to the east. The river has two main tributaries in its upper course: the Black Osam takes its source from the foot of Levski Peak in the Balkan Mountains, at an altitude of , while the White Osam has its source on the northern slopes of the Kozya

neg: Pasărea River (Danube) Pietrişu, Găujani, Vedea and Malu are located on the banks of the Pasărea. It discharges into the river Parapanca, which flows into the Danube near Slobozia. Pasărea River (Danube) The Pasărea River is a right tributary of the river Parapanca in Romania. It discharges into the Parapanca in Malu. Initially it was a branch of the Danube, linked to a branch of the river Vedea. During the embankment of the Danube flood plain in the 1960s, a new link canal was excavated linking the upper part of the old branch to the Danube, near the village of Pietroșani. The present

neg: St Martin's Chapel St Martin's Chapel St. Martin’s Chapel () stands at an elevation of 1,085 metres above sea level (NHN) at the upper end of the Katzensteig valley on the territory of Furtwangen just above the source of the Danube. It is also not far from the source of the River Elz and thus the main European watershed between the Rhine and the Danube. The West Way, a major hiking trail in the Black Forest runs past the chapel as does the long-distance ski trail from Schonach to Belchen. St. Martin’s Chapel stands above an old mountain pass that may have even

neg: Geography of Switzerland of the range, in the cantons of Vaud, Neuchâtel and Bern. Switzerland has 6% of all freshwater reserves in Europe. The country shares five river basins and some of the largest lakes in western Europe with its neighbours. It is the source of several major European rivers that ultimately flow into the North Sea (Rhine), into the Mediterranean Sea (Rhône), into the Black Sea (Inn, through the Danube) and into the Adriatic Sea (Ticino, through the Po and Rom through the Adige). Most of the great Swiss rivers, being in their origin mere mountain torrents, tend to overflow their banks.

neg: Traun (river) Traun (river) Traun () is a river in the Austrian state of Upper Austria. Its source is in the Totes Gebirge mountain range in Styria. It flows through the Salzkammergut area and the lakes Hallstätter See and Traunsee. The Traun is a right tributary of the Danube, which it meets near the City of Linz. Other towns along the river are Bad Aussee, Bad Ischl, Gmunden, Wels and Traun. Until the late 19th century, it was only possible to reach Hallstatt by boat or via narrow trails. However this secluded and inhospitable landscape nevertheless counts as one of the first

neg: Geography of Hungary less than 200 m. Although Hungary has several moderately high ranges of mountains, those reaching heights of 300 m or more cover less than 2% of the country. The highest point in the country is Kékes (1,014 m) in the Mátra Mountains northeast of Budapest. The lowest spot is 77.6 m above sea level, located in the south of Hungary, near Szeged. The major rivers in the country are the Danube and Tisza. The Danube is navigable within Hungary for 418 kilometers. The Tisza River is navigable for 444 km in the country. Less important rivers include the Drava along

neg: Begaljica in the geographical regions of Podunavlje (Danube river basin), and Šumadija (central Serbia). It lies 107–270 m above sea level, on the water source sides of the Begaljica river, a right tributary of the Danube. Begaljica lies on both sides of the asphalt road towards Grocka, some 5 km southwest from the seat at Grocka. The cadastral area ("atar") includes 3.171 hectares. Begaljica connects four physionomic "regions" – Nenadović, Brđani, Velemir and Manastir, and Cigan-mala. The Begaljica Hill (Begaljičko brdo) is located west of Begaljica, with one of the steepest sections of the Belgrade-Niš highway. The village is located at

neg: Innbach Innbach The Innbach is a river in Upper Austria with a length of approximately 59 km (37 mi). Its source is near Gaspoltshofen at the foot of the Hausruck hills and empties into the Danube at Wilhering. Its drainage basin covers 196 km² (76 sq mi). After Gaspoltshofen, the Innbach passes the towns of Kematen am Innbach, Pichl bei Wels and Bad Schallerbach, at the mouth of the Trattnach. Near Eferding, it joins with the Aschach and a few kilometers later flows underneath the Danube Power Station and into the Danube. Due to its high volume, many mills were once

neg: Hron Hron The Hron (, , , ) is a long left tributary of the Danube and the second-longest river in Slovakia. It flows from its source in the Low Tatra Mountains (below Kráľova hoľa) through central and southern Slovakia, emptying into the Danube near Štúrovo and Esztergom. Major cities and towns on the Hron are Brezno, Banská Bystrica, Sliač, Zvolen, Žiar nad Hronom, Žarnovica, Nová Baňa, Tlmače, Levice, Želiezovce, and Štúrovo. The river's basin covers approximately 11 percent of Slovakia's territory. The name is probably of Germanic origin; "*Granahua": "gran" – spruce, "ahua" – water. The name of the river

neg: Drava this raises several ecological concerns, together with other forms of exploitation such as use of river deposits. Drava The Drava or Drave ( ; ; ; ) is a river in southern Central Europe. With a length of , including the Sextner Bach source, it is the fifth or sixth longest tributary of the Danube, after the Tisza, Sava, Prut, Mureș and perhaps Siret. Its source is near the market town of Innichen (San Candido), in the Puster Valley of South Tyrol, Italy. The river flows eastwards through East Tirol and Carinthia in Austria into the Styria region of Slovenia.

neg: Sofia Province source of the Iskar, the longest river that runs entirely within Bulgarian territory. It is a tributary to the Danube and forms part of the Black Sea river basin. The 23 km long Cherni (black) Iskar is considered the main stem of the river, taking its source from the Chamovsko Lake (2,500 m) to the north-east of Damga Peak (2,669 m) and from there the river flows in north-eastern direction through the Govedartsi Valley, filled by the waters of the Chanakgyolski, Malyovishki and Urdini Lakes. The river enters the Balkan Mountains at the town of Novi Iskar and forms a

neg: New Europe Bridge In fact, the whole country became isolated, since Bulgarians had always been relying on the road through Serbia for their transit transport to Western Europe. A ferry shuttle service between Vidin and Calafat used to run night and day, but the ferry boat would not start to cross the river before it was fully loaded with trucks. During the night, with little trucks arriving, ferry passengers had to wait several hours to cross the Danube river. Dry summers come with low water levels in the Danube river, which sometimes caused the ferry to get stuck at the loading ramp, making

neg: Spöl which can be made of it. Spöl The Spöl or Aqua Granda is an Italian and Swiss river and is a tributary of the Inn. The source of the river is near Corno di Campo in the Province of Sondrio in Italy. It flows northeast past Livigno and into Lago di Livigno. It exits the lake at the Italian/Swiss border and flows northwest through Parc Naziunal Svizzer before emptying into the Inn near Zernez. Despite rising in Italy, the river is a tributary of the Inn, and the Danube, rather than of the Po. In other words, its valley is

neg: Traun (river) There is little room for cemeteries so every ten years bones used to be exhumed and removed into an ossuary to make room for new burials. A collection of elaborately decorated skulls with the owners' names, professions, death dates inscribed on them is on display at the local chapel. Traun (river) Traun () is a river in the Austrian state of Upper Austria. Its source is in the Totes Gebirge mountain range in Styria. It flows through the Salzkammergut area and the lakes Hallstätter See and Traunsee. The Traun is a right tributary of the Danube, which it meets near

neg: Balkan Mountains as "Srednogorie" which includes Vitosha and Sredna Gora. The range consists of around 30 distinct mountains. Within Bulgaria the Balkan Mountains can be divided into three sections: The Balkan Mountains form a water divide between the rivers flowing to the Danube in the north and those flowing to the Aegean Sea in the south. However, they are crossed by Bulgaria's widest river, the Iskar, which forms the spectacular Iskar Gorge. Rivers that take their source from the Balkan Mountains and flow northwards to the Danube include the Timok, Archar, Lom, Tsibritsa, Ogosta, Skat, Vit, Osam, Yantra, and Rusenski Lom. The

neg: Commissions of the Danube River the river from Galatz to Ibraila by the Treaty of London of 1883, in the framing and signing of which Romania had not participated. In 1921 two vessels collided in the disputed sector, and the CED's inspector assumed police and jurisdictional powers over Romania's protest. The case was taken to the League of Nations, which in 1926 sent the matter to the Permanent Court of International Justice at the request of Britain, France, Italy, and Romania. The latter country lost on all counts. The court decided the CED's powers "extend over the whole of the maritime Danube." Romania finally achieved

neg: Commissions of the Danube River Commissions of the Danube River "See Internationalization of the Danube River for events before 1856." The Commissions of the Danube River were authorized by the Treaty of Paris (1856) after the close of the Crimean War. One of these international commissions, the most successful, was the European Commission of the Danube, or, in French, Commission Européenne du Danube, the CED, which had authority over the three mouths of the river — the Chilia in the north, the Sulina in the middle, and the St. George in the south and which was originally designed to last for only two years. Instead,

neg: International Association for Danube Research International Association for Danube Research The International Association for Danube Research, or IAD, is the oldest NGO of an active network of scientists in the Danube River Basin of Europe. The board of the IAD is composed of the president, vice-president and general secretary, forming the presidium, and currently 12 representatives of member countries. Since 2017 Cristina Sandu is the president and Thomas Hein from BOKU Wien and Wassercluster Lunz the vice-president. Since 2018 Katrin Teubner (PD) from Universität Wien is the general secretary. The names of the country representatives and the expert group leaders can be found at the

neg: Geography of Hungary (Neusiedler See—about 82 square km within Hungary), and the artificial Lake Tisza. Hungary has three major geographic regions (which are subdivided to seven smaller ones): the Great Alföld, lying east of the Danube River; the Transdanubia, a hilly region lying west of the Danube and extending to the Austrian foothills of the Alps; and the North Hungarian Mountains, which is a mountainous and hilly country beyond the northern boundary of the Great Hungarian Plain. The country's best natural resource is fertile land, although soil quality varies greatly. About 70% of the country's total territory is suitable for agriculture; of this

neg: Geography of Hungary portion, 72% is arable land. Hungary lacks extensive domestic sources of energy and raw materials needed for industrial development. The Little Alföld or Little Hungarian Plain is a plain (tectonic basin) of approximately 8,000 km in northwestern Hungary, southwestern Slovakia and eastern Austria, along the lower course of the Rába River, with high quality fertile soils. The Transdanubia region lies in the western part of the country, bounded by the Danube River, the Drava River, and the remainder of the country's border with Slovenia and Croatia. It lies south and west of the course of the Danube. It contains Lake

neg: Drava Drava The Drava or Drave ( ; ; ; ) is a river in southern Central Europe. With a length of , including the Sextner Bach source, it is the fifth or sixth longest tributary of the Danube, after the Tisza, Sava, Prut, Mureș and perhaps Siret. Its source is near the market town of Innichen (San Candido), in the Puster Valley of South Tyrol, Italy. The river flows eastwards through East Tirol and Carinthia in Austria into the Styria region of Slovenia. It then turns southeast, passing through Croatia and, after merging with its main tributary Mur, forms most