query: who supported the republican party that was formed in 1854

pos: Whig Party (United States) Most remaining Northern Whigs, like Lincoln, joined the new Republican Party and strongly attacked the Act, appealing to widespread Northern outrage over the repeal of the Missouri Compromise. Other Whigs joined the Know Nothing Party, attracted by its nativist crusades against so-called "corrupt" Irish and German immigrants. In the South, the Whig Party vanished—but as Thomas Alexander has shown, Whiggism as a modernizing policy orientation persisted for decades. Historians estimate that in the South in 1856 former Whig Fillmore retained 86 percent of the 1852 Whig voters when he ran as the American Party candidate. He won only 13% of

neg: Zachariah Chandler which helped fugitive or runaway slaves find safe haven. In 1848 Chandler began his political career by making campaign speeches for Whig party presidential candidate Zachary Taylor. In 1851, Chandler was elected Mayor of Detroit and served one year in office. In 1852, Chandler ran as a Whig candidate for the Governor of Michigan, but he was defeated. Having supported Kansas as a free state without slavery, Chandler signed a petition that formed the Republican Party on July 6, 1854. In 1856, Chandler was a delegate at the first Republican Party National convention in Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, and was a member

neg: Hannibal Hamlin the beginning of 1857, after which he returned to the Senate. Hamlin was an active opponent of slavery; he supported the Wilmot Proviso and opposed the Compromise Measures of 1850. In 1854, he strongly opposed passage of the Kansas–Nebraska Act. Hamlin's increasingly anti-slavery views caused him to leave the Democratic Party for the newly formed Republican Party in 1856. In 1860, Hamlin was the Republican nominee for Vice President; selected to run with Abraham Lincoln, who was from Illinois, Hamlin was chosen in part to bring geographic balance to the ticket and in part because as a former Democrat, he

neg: Maine Republican Party Maine Republican Party The Maine Republican Party is an affiliate of the United States Republican Party (GOP) in Maine. It was founded in Strong, Maine on August 7, 1854. The Maine GOP is noted for its historically strong state College Republican federation. Other affiliate groups include the Maine Federation of Republican Women and the Maine Federation of Young Republicans. The Republican Party formed in Maine in 1854 due to Prohibition and the abolitionist movement. Hannibal Hamlin left the Democratic Party because of the slavery issue and helped form the Republican Party. He was the state's first Republican governor. In 1860,

neg: 1964 United States presidential election in Pennsylvania 1964 United States presidential election in Pennsylvania The 1964 United States presidential election in Pennsylvania took place on November 3, 1964, and was part of the 1964 United States presidential election. Voters chose 29 representatives, or electors to the Electoral College, who voted for president and vice president. Ever since the Republican Party formed in 1854 to stop the spread of slavery into the territories, Pennsylvania had been a solidly Republican state apart from the industrial "Black Country" of the southwest, the urban core of Philadelphia County, and those areas which had not supported the Civil War, such as the

neg: History of the United States Republican Party The first anti-Nebraska local meeting where Republican was suggested as a name for a new anti-slavery party was held in a Ripon, Wisconsin schoolhouse on March 20, 1854. The first statewide convention that formed a platform and nominated candidates under the name Republican was held near Jackson, Michigan on July 6, 1854. It declared their new party opposed to the expansion of slavery into new territories and selected a statewide slate of candidates. The Midwest took the lead in forming state party tickets while the eastern states lagged a year or so. There were no efforts to organize the party

neg: Third Party System union soldiers), and Democrats warned against Black supremacy in the South and plutocracy in the North. The modernizing Republicans who had founded the party in 1854 looked askance at the undisguised corruption of Ulysses S. Grant and his war veterans, bolstered by the solid vote of freedmen. The dissenters formed a "Liberal Republican" Party in 1872, only to have it smashed by Grant's reelection. By the mid-1870s it was clear that Confederate nationalism was dead; all but the most ardent Republican “Stalwarts” agreed that the southern Republican coalition of African-American Freedmen, scalawags and carpetbaggers was helpless and hopeless. In 1874

neg: Russian National Republican Party Russian National Republican Party The Russian National Republican Party (Russian: Национально-республиканская партия России) was a far-right nationalist party in Russia, that was founded in 1991 by Nikolay Lysenko. It was one of the most influential Russian radical nationalist parties of the time. The party supported constructing in Russia a unitary state and a mononational society with an economy of the "Chinese type" with a mandatory suppression of all forms of "cosmopolitism" and "internationalism". Its forerunner was the Republican People's Party that was founded on 8 April 1990 in Leningrad. The militants of the Russian National Republican Party who formed the

neg: Horace Rublee in 1854 purchased a part interest in the paper. He was secretary of the state mass meeting held at Madison on July 13, 1854, which formed the state chapter of the Republican party. The party had been started in embryonic form in March in Ripon, but this mass meeting was the first serious establishment of the party as a lasting organized political force. He was Republican party chair 1859–1869, and in 1868 a delegate to the national Republican convention. From 1856 to 1858 he was Wisconsin State Librarian. From 1857 to 1871 he was a curator of State Historical Society

neg: 1856 United States presidential election an elector, was also supporting former Speaker of the House Linn Boyd for the nomination. However, following a draft effort led by the delegation from Vermont, Breckinridge was nominated on the second ballot. Republican candidates: The Republican Party was formed in early 1854 to oppose the Kansas-Nebraska Act. During the midterm elections of 1854–1855, the Republican Party was one of the patchwork of anti-administration parties contesting the election, but they were able to win thirteen seats in the House of Representatives for the 34th Congress. However, the party collaborated with other disaffected groups and gradually absorbed them. In the elections

neg: History of Wisconsin the state. In the 1850s, stop-overs on the underground railroad were set up in the state and abolitionist groups were formed. One such group was the Republican party. On March 20, 1854, the first county meeting of the Republican Party of the United States, consisting of about thirty people, was held in the Little White Schoolhouse in Ripon, Wisconsin. Ripon claims to be the birthplace of the Republican Party, as does Jackson, Michigan, where the first statewide convention was held. A notable instance of abolitionism in Wisconsin was the rescue of Joshua Glover, an escaped slave from St. Louis who

neg: Scottish Workers' Republican Party Scottish Workers' Republican Party The Scottish Workers Republican Party (SWRP) was formed by the Scottish Marxist activist John Maclean (1879-1923) in 1923. It advocated the political doctrine of communism, whilst also supporting Scottish independence. This dual communist-nationalist doctrine was heavily influenced by the thinking of James Connolly who similarly believed in socialism and independence for Ireland and had set up his Irish Socialist Republican Party in 1896. MacLean argued that the break-up of the British state and empire would aid the cause of worldwide socialism and thus he supported the idea of an independent Scotland. This inherent nationalism alienated the

neg: Elihu B. Washburne elected to the United States House of Representatives. He was reelected eight times, and represented northwestern Illinois from 1853 to 1869. While in Congress, Washburne was chairman of the Committee on Commerce (34th Congress, and 36th through 40th Congresses), and the Committee on Appropriations (40th Congress). In 1854 Washburne supported Abraham Lincoln's unsuccessful candidacy for the United States Senate. In the mid-1850s the Whig Party dissolved, and the Republican Party was founded as the major anti-slavery party. Washburne joined the Republican Party, and in 1856 supported its first candidate for president, John C. Frémont. Washburne backed Lincoln's unsuccessful candidacy for

neg: Two-party system First Party System, the Republicans dominated a one-party system (primarily under the Presidency of James Monroe). Under the Second Party System, the Democratic-Republican Party split during the election of 1824 into Adams' Men and Jackson's Men. In 1828, the modern Democratic Party formed in support of Andrew Jackson. The National Republicans were formed in support of John Quincy Adams. After the National Republicans collapsed, the Whig Party and the Free Soil Party quickly formed and collapsed. In 1854, the modern Republican Party formed from a loose coalition of former Whigs, Free Soilers and other anti-slavery activists. Abraham Lincoln became the

neg: Political parties in the United States secession and was a devastating blow when the war ended well. The Era of Good Feelings under President James Monroe (1816–1824) marked the end of the First Party System and a brief period in which partisanship was minimal. The Second Party System operated from about 1828 to 1854, following the splintering of the Democratic-Republican Party. Two major parties dominated the political landscape: the Whig Party, led by Henry Clay, that grew from the National Republican Party; and the Democratic Party, led by Andrew Jackson. The Democrats supported the primacy of the Presidency over the other branches of government, and opposed

neg: William Dorsheimer admitted to the bar in 1854. In 1859, he formed a partnership with Solomon G. Haven. Also in 1859, Harvard awarded Dorsheimer the honorary degree of Master of Arts. In politics, he began as a Democrat, joined the Republican Party in 1856, and in 1860 again supported the Republican ticket. In 1861, he joined the Union Army as an aide-de-camp with the rank of major and served on the staff of General John C. Frémont, but at the close of the Missouri campaign Dorsheimer returned to civil life, and published a series of articles in the "Atlantic Monthly" entitled "Frémont's

neg: Presidency of Franklin Pierce party dedicated to "the establishment of liberty and the overthrow of the Slave Power." A new, anti-slavery party was established at a rally in Ripon, Wisconsin in May 1854, and that party became known as the Republican Party. Republican leaders, including Abraham Lincoln (who did not formally leave the Whig party until after the 1854 elections), generally did not call for the abolition of slavery, but instead called for Congress to prevent the extension of slavery into the territories. Congressional Democrats suffered huge losses in the mid-term elections of 1854, as voters provided support to a wide array of new

neg: Salmon P. Chase to unite the Free Soilers and the anti-slavery Democrats with the dwindling Whig Party, which led to establishment of the Republican Party. "The Appeal of the Independent Democrats in Congress to the People of the United States", written by Chase and Giddings, and published in the "New York Times" on January 24, 1854, may be regarded as the earliest draft of the Republican party creed. In 1855 he was elected governor of Ohio. Chase was the first Republican governor of Ohio, serving from 1856 to 1860, where he supported women's rights, public education, and prison reform. Chase sought the Republican

neg: The Cleveland Leader of 1854-5 the germ of the Republican Party (United States) was formed in the "Leader" editorial rooms as a meeting was held there which resulted in the first Republican Convention, which was held at Pittsburg. Col. R. C. Parsons, Joseph Medill, John C. Vaughn, Judge R. P. Spaulding, and J. F. Keeler, were at the meeting, which resulted in the consolidation of the Know-Nothing, Whig Party (United States), and Free Soil Parties into the Republican Party." The "Leader" quickly became the most influential newspaper in Ohio. "By 1875 its circulation of 13,000 was double that of the "Herald" and 5

neg: Democratic-Republican Party traced their origins to Jeffersonian Republicanism: Democrats to the Old Republicanism of Macon and Crawford; Whigs to the new Republican nationalism of Madison and Gallatin." Taking a leaf from the Jacksonians, the Whigs tended to nominate non-ideological war heroes as their presidential candidates. The Whig party fell apart in the 1850s over the question of whether to allow the expansion of slavery into new territories. The modern Republican Party was formed in 1854 to oppose the expansion of slavery. Many former Whig party leaders (such as Abraham Lincoln – modern Republican Party supporters still sometimes refer to themselves as "the

neg: Party switching in the United States between supporters of Adams and supporters of Andrew Jackson. Jackson's followers formed the Democratic Party, while those who supported Adams formed the National Republican Party. Two short-lived but significant third parties, the Anti-Masonic Party and the Nullifier Party, also arose during this period. In the 1830s, opponents of Jackson coalesced into the Whig Party. The United States experienced another period of political realignment in the 1850s. The Whigs collapsed as a national party due to sectional tensions regarding slavery. The Republican Party and the American Party both sought to succeed the Whigs as the main opposition to the Democratic Party,

neg: Democratic Party of Wisconsin Democratic Party of Wisconsin The Democratic Party of Wisconsin is the affiliate of the Democratic Party in the state of Wisconsin. It is currently headed by state party chair Martha Laning. The Democratic Party dominated politics until the late 1850s, followed by the newly founded Republican Party of Wisconsin. The Republican Party held sway for almost 100 years. Jacksonian democracy was strong in Wisconsin in the early days, until 1856 all territorial and state governors were Democrats, except for one Whig. In 1854, however, a coalition of Whigs, Antislavery Democrats, and Free Soilers formed a Republican Party in the state—a

neg: History of American newspapers corruption represented by President Grant and his Republican Party. They strongly supported the third-party Liberal Republican movement of 1872, which nominated Horace Greeley for president. The Democratic Party endorsed Greeley officially, but many Democrats could not accept the idea of voting for the man who had been their fiercest enemy for decades; he lost in a landslide. Most of the 430 Republican newspapers in the Reconstruction South were edited by scalawags (Southern born white men) – only 20 percent were edited by carpetbaggers (recent arrivals from the North who formed the opposing faction in the Republican Party. White businessmen generally

neg: Oliver P. Morton Free Soil supporters and opposed the Act. Under the influence of U.S. Senator Jesse D. Bright, the state's Democrats expelled their anti-slavery members, including Morton, from the Indiana state convention in 1854. That same year Morton joined with other political factions to form the People's party, the forerunner to the state's Republican party. By February 1856 Morton had made his way to the newly formed Republican party at the national level as a member of the resolutions committee to the preliminary national convention that met in Pittsburgh. He also served as a delegate to the 1856 Republican National Convention in

neg: Alvan E. Bovay York tribune about the topic. Bovay told him of his idea of a new party named the Republican party, and Greeley who had himself already proposed the name "Republican" was enthusiastic. In 1854, because of the issue of the Kansas-Nebraska Act being considered by congress, Bovay—a member of the Whig party—then thirty-six years old, called a meeting to be held on the evening of February 28, 1854, at the Congregational church. A resolution was adopted that if the Nebraska bill would pass, they would "throw old party organizations to the winds and organize a new party on the sole issue

neg: People's Party (Indiana) to convince many Democrats and Know-Nothings who were opposed to slavery extension to join the People's Party. In 1854, the young Indiana party was more conservative than the national Republican Party. The People's Party resisted adopting the name "Republican" because of its association with the eastern abolition movement that many Hoosiers saw as too radical. In 1856, Lane chaired the People's Party Convention in Indianapolis and the Republican National Convention in Philadelphia. Between 1856 and 1860, the Indiana People's Party platform conformed to the national Republican platform and also became known as the Republican Party. None People's Party (Indiana) The

neg: Socialist Republican Party (Bolivia) war nor was he innocent of the killings of miners and peasants in Uncía, Llallagua, Catavi and Jesús de Machaca. However, both parties supported the military government of Colonel David Toro in 1936–1937. In a bloodless revolution on 17 May 1936, the government of Liberals and Genuine Republicans was overthrown. The coup was led by Colonel Germán Busch Becerra, and he was supported by the Republican Socialist Party. For the 1938 elections, the Republican Socialist Party was the component of the United Socialist Front. As a part of the Concordancia-Democratic Alliance formed in March 1939 (along with the Genuine Republican

neg: Lincoln–Douglas debates Act in 1854. Abraham Lincoln, like Douglas, had also been elected to Congress in 1846. He served one two-year term in the House of Representatives. During his time in the House, Lincoln disagreed with Douglas and supported the Wilmot Proviso, which sought to ban slavery in new territory. Lincoln returned to politics in the 1850s to oppose the Kansas–Nebraska Act, and help develop the new Republican party. Before the debates, Lincoln said that Douglas was encouraging his fears of amalgamation of the races with enough success to drive thousands of people away from the Republican Party. Douglas tried to convince,

neg: Independent Republican Party (Cuba) Independent Republican Party (Cuba) The Independent Republican Party () was a political party in Cuba, led by Juan Gualberto Gómez. It was formed around 1900, after splits in the Republican parties in Havana, Matanzas and Las Villas. The split was caused by the opposition of the Republican parties to Gualberto Gómez's radical position against the Platt Amendment. The Independent Republican Party supported Gualberto Gómez's position on the issue. The party was able to build up an organizational network in different provinces of the island. In Havana, its members included Julián Betancourt, Alberto Barreras, E. García Enseñat y Asbert. In Oriente,

neg: Genuine Republican Party many thousands of casualties. On 27 November 1934, the Bolivian military deposed Daniel Salamanca. By 1940 the party had formed a Concordance with Liberals to counter the rising tide of radical or revolutionary parties. A Concordance supported the candidate Enrique Peñaranda. On 10 November 1946, the Genuine Republican Party merged with the Republican Socialist Party, the United Socialist Party and Independent Socialist Party to form the new Republican Socialist Unity Party. Genuine Republican Party The Genuine Republican Party (, PRG) was founded in Bolivia in 1921 by José María Escalier and Daniel Domingo Salamanca Urey following a split in the

neg: Wyman Spooner and 1850 for two one-year terms as a member of the Wisconsin State Assembly from Walworth County's 4th Assembly district. He became a Republican in 1854 upon the organization of that party, and was elected to two additional terms (1857 and 1861) before advancing to the Wisconsin State Senate's 12th District from 1862 until 1863. He served three terms as the ninth Lieutenant Governor of Wisconsin, from 1864 until 1870 under Governors James T. Lewis and Lucius Fairchild. In 1872 he supported Liberal Republican Horace Greeley for the presidency of the United States. He renounced his membership in the Republican

neg: Socialist Republican Party (Bolivia) Party and the Liberal Party), the Socialist Republican Party supported the military governments of General Carlos Quintanilla 1939–1940 and General Enrique Peñaranda 1940–1943. In February 1943 the Socialist Republican Party, Socialist Party, Genuine Republican Party and the Liberal Party signed a pact ahead of the upcoming presidential elections. In 1943 after Gualberto Villarroel’s revolution, the Republican Socialist Party, the Genuine Republican Party, Liberal party and Revolutionary Left Party formed the opposition Antifascist Democratic Front. On 10 November 1946, the Republican Socialist Party merged with the Genuine Republican Party, the United Socialist Party and Independent Socialist Party to form the new

neg: John C. Frémont possible through the Rocky Mountains. In 1856, Frémont (age 43) was the first presidential candidate of the new Republican Party. The Republicans, whose party had formed in 1854, were united in their opposition to the Pierce Administration and the spread of slavery into the West. Initially, Frémont was asked to be the Democratic candidate by former Virginia Governor John B. Floyd and the powerful Preston family. Frémont announced that he was for Free Soil Kansas and was against the enforcement of the 1850 Fugitive Slave Law. Republican leaders Nathaniel P. Banks, Henry Wilson, and John Bigelow were able to get

neg: Fear of a Black Republican Democratic, Republican and Independent. While the filmmakers identify themselves as Republicans, the films non-partisan claim is supported by independent reviews from Film critics Kam Williams Syndicated columnist and Sean Edwards as well as many other reviewers across the country. The film also follows a Black Republican female candidate in Atlanta, Georgia named Catherine Davis during her Congressional election run. The film includes a historical timeline explaining much of the history of the Republican Party and includes the founding of the GOP in 1854 until the “Party of Lincoln” lost the black vote in the 1960s. It also covers the Ku

neg: Michigan Republican Party event features notable national Republicans, Senators, Governors, and presidential candidates. The Republican Party was born in the early 1850s by anti-slavery activists and individuals who believed that government should grant western lands to settlers free of charge. The first official Republican meeting took place on July 6, 1854 in Jackson, Michigan with David S. Walbridge serving as chairman. The name "Republican" was chosen because it alluded to equality and reminded individuals of Thomas Jefferson's Democratic-Republican Party. At the Jackson convention, the new party adopted a platform and nominated candidates for office in Michigan. In 1856, the Republicans became a national

neg: Republican Party (China) Zhengting, mainly with people from Hubei. National Progressive Association was formed in March 1912 by supporters of Yuan Shikai. The party included politicians who had formerly served as officials under the former Qing government and who in the National Assembly generally supported Yuan Shikai. On the establishment day, Zhang Jian chaired as the provisional chairman. Li Yuanhung, Zhang Jian, Zhang Binglin, Wu Tingfang, and Borjigit were elected the first directors (理事). After its headquarters was moved to Beijing, Li Yuanhung was elected chairman at the general meeting. The Republican Party held 40 of the 120 seats in the Provisional Senate

neg: History of the United States Republican Party supported directly by U.S. Army detachments. Republicans all across the South formed local clubs called Union Leagues that effectively mobilized the voters, discussed issues and when necessary fought off Ku Klux Klan (KKK) attacks. Thousands died on both sides. Grant supported radical reconstruction programs in the South, the Fourteenth Amendment and equal civil and voting rights for the freedmen. Most of all he was the hero of the war veterans, who marched to his tune. The party had become so large that factionalism was inevitable; it was hastened by Grant's tolerance of high levels of corruption typified by the Whiskey

neg: Vermont Republican Party Vermont Republican Party The Vermont Republican Party is the affiliate of the United States Republican Party in Vermont. Deb Billado serves as Chairperson of the Vermont Republican State Committee. Shortly after the Republican Party was founded in 1854, with its heavily anti-slavery views, the party became a dominant force in Vermont. In October 1854 Republican Steven Royce defeated incumbent Democratic governor John S. Robinson, Robinson would be the first and final Democratic Governor of Vermont for 108 years. In 1856 Vermont voted for the first Republican Presidential candidate, John C. Frémont. Frémont would lose the election however, to Democrat James

neg: Horace Greeley while hiring the best talent he could find. Greeley's alliance with William H. Seward and Thurlow Weed led to him serving three months in the House of Representatives, where he angered many by investigating Congress in his newspaper. In 1854, he helped found and may have named the Republican Party. Republican newspapers across the nation regularly reprinted his editorials. During the Civil War, he mostly supported Lincoln, though urging him to commit to the end of slavery before the President was willing to do so. After Lincoln's assassination, he supported the Radical Republicans in opposition to President Andrew Johnson. He

neg: 1824 United States House of Representatives elections between those who supported the new president, John Quincy Adams, and those who supported Andrew Jackson. Jackson was defeated after the House decided the contested election in favor of Adams. Representatives who supported Adams won a slim majority in the House, and would later form the National Republican Party a successor of the Republican Party in 1825. Jackson supporters in the Republican Party started calling themselves Jacksonians and Democratic Republicans, and later became the Democratic Party in 1828. The earlier distinction between Democratic-Republican and Federalist had dissolved at this time, with Representatives and Senators being grouped into Adams supporters (the

neg: Cuban National Party of the Organizing Committee on May 2, 1899, it was decided that an invitation to form local committees for the party and to distribute the invitation nationwide. In the 1900 local elections, the party won in the capital Havana. Dr. Miguel Gener, who had been supported by the party, became mayor of the city. Ahead of the September 1900 elections to the Constituent Assembly two adversaries of the party, the Democratic Union Party and the Republican Party of Havana, formed a joint coalition in a bid to defeat the Cuban National Party. Nevertheless, the Cuban National Party won the elections

neg: National Conference of State Societies 1854 and 1917. The first state club was the Illinois Democratic Club of Washington City which was founded in 1854 by government clerks from Illinois loyal to President Franklin Pierce. Clubs were formed for Maryland and Louisiana in 1856. However, partisan identification could change quickly as it did when the Illinois club quickly converted to the Illinois Republican Association when President Abraham Lincoln took office in 1861. Members of early state associations were mostly made up of government clerks in the days before Civil Service reform, who wanted to stay on the good side of whichever party controlled the White

neg: Republican Proposal controls, cut personal income taxes and slashed utilities subsidies. Even though the majority of national deputies of PRO voted against same-sex marriage (including Gabriela Michetti and Silvia Majdalani, who actively campaigned against it), Mauricio Macri has supported LGBT rights to the point of confronting with some of his allies. Republican Proposal Republican Proposal (, PRO) is a centre-right political party in Argentina. It is usually referred to by its abbreviation PRO. PRO was formed as an electoral alliance in 2005, but was transformed into a unitary party on 3 June 2010. PRO began as an alliance between Commitment to Change,

neg: Tancredo Neves by the newspaper "Pasquim", he explained that he had chosen his parties, like everyone from Minas Gerais did, according to municipal issues. He joined the Progressive Party (PP) of Minas Gerais, party which was formed by members of the “Mineiro Republican Party”, who supported the Revolution in 1930. Later, when the “Progressive Party” was extinct, he joined the “Mineiro Nationalist Party”. Tancredo was not able to finance his candidacy as state representative in 1934, but he was elected São João del Rei's city councilman in 1935 and president of the City Council when he became the mayor. After the closure

neg: History of the United States Congress threw their support to Democratic candidate Franklin Pierce and broke with Henry Clay over the Compromise of 1850) and the anti-slavery Northern(who stood behind Clay's compromise and supported the party's nominee Winfield Scott) would also help give the Democrats not only control both houses of Congress, but also the US Presidency as well. In the 1854 elections, the Kansas-Nebraska Act, sponsored by Senator Stephen Douglas, was put against vehement opposition. The opposition to this act led to the formation of the new Republican party. In early 1856, the Know Nothing Party assembled nativists and former Whigs but the Democrats regained

neg: Walter D. McIndoe the name of his home community from Big Bull Falls to Wausau and creating Marathon County. Initially a Whig, in 1854 he became a member of the newly formed Republican Party. At the 1857 Republican Party convention, he was a gubernatorial candidate, contending with Edward Dwight Holton, with both candidates losing to the eventual governor, Alexander Randall. During the Civil War he was provost marshal of Wisconsin. McIndoe was elected as a Republican to represent Wisconsin's 2nd congressional district in the Thirty-seventh Congress to fill the vacancy caused by the death of Luther Hanchett (January 26, 1863–March 3, 1863). He

neg: Liberal Party (Bolivia) capital city. The Supreme Court remained in Sucre. To this day, Sucre is the "de jure" capital of Bolivia while La Paz acts as the "de facto" seat of government. Between 1899 and 1920, all of the Presidents of Bolivia were members of the Liberal Party, supported by the tin-mining oligarchy until the Republican Party took power in a coup in 1920. The last Liberal president was José Luis Tejada Sorzano, who served between 1934 and 1936. By 1940, however, the party had formed a Concordance with their erstwhile Republican opponents to counter the rising tide of radical or revolutionary

neg: Wisconsin State Journal January 1854 the newspaper called for a mass convention of anti-slavery citizens to meet in Madison. After events such as slave Joshua Glover's liberation in Milwaukee and the birth of the Republican Party on March 20, 1854 in Ripon, WI intervened, the convention that founded the Wisconsin Republican Party was held at the capitol on July 13 with Rublee acting as party secretary and Atwood serving on the resolutions committee. Rublee later became the chairman of the state Republican Party from 1859-1869. In 1860 he extended an unsuccessful invitation to Abraham Lincoln to speak at the party convention in Madison.

neg: Chad Mayes In January 2018, Mayes formed a group called “New Way California,” with the purpose of advocating for a more moderate Republican Party. The group has been publicly supported by former governor Arnold Schwarzenegger, and both Mayes and Schwarzenegger - along with Ohio governor John Kasich - headlined the group's inaugural summit in Los Angeles on March 21. The summit featured several other Republicans from the State Assembly who voted for cap-and-trade, including Rocky Chavez, Devon Mathis, and Jordan Cunningham. The summit was criticized by some in the California Republican Party, including former chairman Ron Nehring, who described them as “elites

neg: Democratic-Republican Party usually referred to as the Republican Party. To distinguish it from the modern Republican Party (founded in 1854), historians, political scientists and pundits often refer to this party as the Democratic-Republican Party or the Jeffersonian Republican Party. The modern Republican Party founded in 1854 deliberately chose to name itself after the Jeffersonians. Modern Democratic politicians claim Jefferson as their founder. The party arose from the Anti-Administration faction which met secretly in the national capital (Philadelphia) to oppose Alexander Hamilton's financial programs (see the American School and the Hamiltonian economic program). Jefferson denounced the programs as leading to monarchy and subversive

neg: Jacob M. Howard and campaigned for presidential nominees Henry Clay (1844), Zachary Taylor (1850), and Winfield Scott (1852). Convinced after the 1852 election that the Whig Party was no longer a viable organization for abolitionists, he helped draw up the platform of the first Republican Party convention, held in Jackson, Michigan in 1854. According to several sources, it was Howard who chose the name "Republican" for the new party. Howard was the first Republican nominee for Michigan Attorney General. He was elected and served from 1855 to 1861. Howard was widely read in the classics, history, law, and literature, and published the memoirs

neg: 1964 United States presidential election in Pennsylvania peripheries Johnson won over 73 percent of the vote in Greene and Fayette Counties. 1964 United States presidential election in Pennsylvania The 1964 United States presidential election in Pennsylvania took place on November 3, 1964, and was part of the 1964 United States presidential election. Voters chose 29 representatives, or electors to the Electoral College, who voted for president and vice president. Ever since the Republican Party formed in 1854 to stop the spread of slavery into the territories, Pennsylvania had been a solidly Republican state apart from the industrial "Black Country" of the southwest, the urban core of Philadelphia

neg: Radical Republican Party Alliance excluded the Socialist Party; in 1928 the Radical-Republicans' left wing split to found the Radical-Socialist Republican Party, eager to maintain close links with the socialist movement. These three organisations were the main participants in the Provisional Government that formed after the abdication of Alfonso XIII in April 1931. The legislative elections of June 1931 returned the PRR as the second-largest parliamentary group, after the Socialists. The Radical-Republicans in general supported the original constitutional bill that provided for an integral, unitary state but with allowance for devolved regions. The party did however greatly diverge from the republican parties to its

neg: 1964 United States presidential election in Maine 1964 United States presidential election in Maine The 1964 United States presidential election in Maine took place on November 3, 1964, as part of the 1964 United States presidential election, which was held throughout all fifty states and D.C. Voters chose four representatives, or electors to the Electoral College, who voted for president and vice president. Ever since the Republican Party formed in 1854 to stop the spread of slavery into the territories, Maine and Vermont had been rock-ribbed Republican, except during the split of 1912 when the Pine Tree State went to Woodrow Wilson with less than forty percent

neg: West Virginia Republican Party marriage, and the right to life. The party favors the elimination of personal property tax on equipment and machinery. It favors reducing gasoline tax and corporate net tax to the 6% national average. It also favors the Fair Tax Act. The Republican Party arose in 1854. The Democratic Party was an advocate of slavery and the Republican Party opposed it. There was a lot of turmoil in Virginia with the rise of the Republican Party. When the Civil War reached Western Virginia, there was a rise in violence against those who opposed slavery. In May 1861, people traveled to Richmond,

neg: Conrad Baker elected to serve on a county court in 1852 but resigned in 1854. His brother, William Baker, had also become active in the local politics, and served four terms as major of Evansville during the same time period. Baker was outspokenly anti-slavery, and following the break-up of the Whig party, he joined the newly formed Republican Party in 1854. At the state convention in 1856, he was nominated to run as lieutenant governor on the ticket with Oliver Morton a governor. The election was one of the most divisive in state history, with both sides making scathing attacks on the

neg: First Party System John Jay, who was a Hamiltonian, and incumbent George Clinton, who was allied with Jefferson and the Republicans. In 1793, the first Democratic-Republican Societies were formed. They supported the French Revolution, which had just seen the execution of King Louis XVI, and generally supported the Jeffersonian cause. The word "democrat" was proposed by Citizen Genet for the societies, and the Federalists ridiculed Jefferson's friends as "democrats". After Washington denounced the societies as unrepublican, they mostly faded away. In 1793, war broke out between England, France, and their European allies. The Jeffersonians favored France and pointed to the 1778 treaty that

neg: Peleg Emory Aldrich Aldrich moved to Barre, Massachusetts where he opened a law office. Aldrich would stay in Barre for seven years. For three of the years he was in Barre, Aldrich edited the "Barre Patriot", which was a pro-Whig party newspaper. In 1854 Governor Clifford appointed Aldrich as District Attorney for the Middle District, Aldrich moved to Worcester after he was appointed District Attorney. Aldrich served as the District Attorney until 1865. Aldrich was a member of the Whig Party until that party dissolved, at which point he joined the newly formed Republican Party. Aldrich was a member of the Massachusetts Constitutional

neg: 1854 United States House of Representatives elections the Know Nothings) and the Opposition Party formed a coalition government which elected Nathaniel P. Banks as House Speaker even though the Democratic Party won the election with the largest plurality of seats. The Opposition Party included members of the Whig Party (which would soon collapse), the People's Party of Indiana, Anti-Nebraska candidates, and members of the nascent Republican Party. The major issue of this midterm election was the recently passed Kansas–Nebraska Act and the Bleeding Kansas conflict that resulted from it. The Act infuriated much of the North, as it repealed the Missouri Compromise of 1820, and opened the

neg: Republicanism in the United States their responsibility as citizens. In practice self-governance in military affairs came to include personal independence, enlistment negotiations, petitions to superior officials, militia constitutions, and negotiations regarding discipline. Together these affected all aspects of military order, discipline, and life. In reaction to the Kansas–Nebraska Act of 1854 that promoted democracy by saying new settlers could decide themselves whether or not to have slavery, antislavery forces across the North formed a new party. The party officially designated itself "Republican" because the name resonated with the struggle of 1776. "In view of the necessity of battling for the first principles of republican government,"

neg: Republican Party of Wisconsin Republican Party of Wisconsin The Republican Party of Wisconsin is the Wisconsin affiliate of the United States Republican Party (GOP). The state party chair is Brad Courtney. The state party is divided into 72 county parties for each of the state's counties, as well as organizations for the state's eight congressional districts. After the introduction in Congress of the Kansas–Nebraska bill in January 1854, many meetings were held in protest across the country. The meeting held in Ripon, Wisconsin on March 20, 1854 is commonly cited as the birth of the Republican Party in the United States due to it

neg: Opposition Party (Northern U.S.) States Congress, the new Republican Party was not fully formed, and significant numbers of politicians, mostly former Whigs, ran for office under the Opposition label. The administration of Democratic President Franklin Pierce had been marred by Bleeding Kansas. Northerners began to coalesce around resistance to Kansas entering the Union as a slave state. The ongoing violence made any election results from that territory suspect by standards of democracy. The Opposition Party was the name adopted by several former Whig politicians in the period 1854–1858. In 1860, the party was encouraged by the remaining Whig leadership to effectively merge with the

neg: William M. Stone William M. Stone William Milo Stone (October 14, 1827 in Jefferson County, New York – July 18, 1893 in Oklahoma Territory) was the sixth Governor of Iowa (1864–68). Stone's family moved from New York to Coshocton, Ohio in 1834. He read law there and was admitted to the bar in 1851. In 1854, he moved to Knoxville, Iowa, where he opened a law practice and bought the local newspaper. In 1856, he was a delegate to the convention that formed the Republican Party, and he was an elector for 1856 Republican presidential nominee John C. Frémont. He was an enthusiastic

neg: Gideon Welles later replace at the Navy Department. While Welles dutifully supported James K. Polk in the 1844 election, he would abandon the Democrats in 1848 to support Van Buren's Free Soil campaign. Mainly because of his strong anti-slavery views, Welles shifted allegiance in 1854 to the newly established Republican Party and founded a newspaper in 1856 (the "Hartford Evening Press") that would espouse Republican ideals for decades thereafter. Welles' strong support of Abraham Lincoln in the 1860 presidential election made him the logical candidate from New England for Lincoln's cabinet. In March 1861, Lincoln named Welles his Secretary of the Navy.

neg: Edwin Hurlbut the name Republican in reference to forming an anti-slavery party, there were private meetings in Crawfordsville, Iowa, Ripon, Wisconsin, Exeter, New Hampshire, and the convention in Jackson, Michigan, which all claim to have first named the party republican in 1854. Research completed by Mrs. Page Johnson in 1976, agrees with the column by R.F. Howard in 1903, that Edwin Hurlbut named the Republican Party in Madison, WI., July 13, 1854. Included in Mrs. Johnson's article is a photo of the Republican float in the bi-centennial parade in Oconomowoc in 1976, on which is displayed a replica of the handbill which

neg: Thurlow Weed the Republicans, and the "Evening Journal" became a leading Republican newspaper. Weed supported Seward's re-election to the Senate in 1854, and the Republican presidential nomination of Frémont in 1856. Frémont lost the 1856 election to James Buchanan. Buchanan's failed administration and the fracturing of the Democrats over the slavery issue made likely a Republican victory in 1860. Weed worked for Seward's nomination, which appeared to most observers to be a foregone conclusion. But Seward's strong anti-slavery views and reputation as a Whig political boss offended many former Democrats in the still new Republican party. Abraham Lincoln's managers exploited these vulnerabilities

neg: Republican Party of Armenia Republican Party of Armenia a national conservative party. The congress decided to restore the office of the party council chairperson, which had been abolished in 2005. Serzh Sargsyan was elected a chairperson of RPA Council. On March 25, 2007 the RPA chairman Andranik Margaryan died, and the council chairman Serzh Sargsyan assumed the duties of the RPA chairman. On April 4 Serzh Sargsyan was appointed Prime Minister. At the parliamentary elections of 12 May 2007, 33.9% of voters supported the Republican Party of Armenia. RPA faction was formed with 64 MPs. RPA Vice Chairman Tigran Torosyan was elected Speaker of

neg: 2000 United States Senate election in New York Both parties tried to find high-profile candidates to run for it. New York City Mayor Rudy Giuliani, who was prevented by term limits from running for mayoral reelection in 2001, immediately indicated interest. Due to his high profile and visibility, Giuliani was supported by the state Republican Party, even though he had irritated many by endorsing incumbent Democratic Governor Mario Cuomo over Republican George Pataki in 1994. Giuliani became the presumptive Republican nominee, and by April 1999 had formed a formal exploratory committee for a Senate run. There were still possible Republican primary opponents. Rick Lazio, a Congressman representing Suffolk

neg: Republican Party of Wisconsin the black slave than for the white man. Following Sherman Booth's role in inciting the liberation of runaway slave Joshua Glover from a Milwaukee jail in 1854, many Republicans championed the issue of states' rights, declaring the Fugitive Slave Law effectively repealed in Wisconsin. Some in the party anticipated a confrontation with the federal government. Governor Alexander Randall ordered an Irish militia disbanded because he doubted their loyalty to Wisconsin. Many in the militia subsequently perished in the shipwreck of the "Lady Elgin". The Wisconsin delegation to the 1860 Republican convention backed Senator William Seward for president, but quickly supported

neg: Milwaukee Journal Sentinel liberation from a Milwaukee jail on March 11, 1854. After the birth of the Republican party in Ripon, Wisconsin, King helped promote and organize the state party at the founding convention held at the Madison Capitol on July 13. King's "Sentinel" supported William H. Seward for the Republican presidential nomination in 1860, but rallied around Abraham Lincoln when he emerged as the nominee. Circulation rose with the looming Civil War and the paper expanded to a nine-column sheet with the start of 1861. In 1862 the "Sentinel" bought Booth's abolitionist newspaper, the "Wisconsin Free Democrat", and published it for two

neg: Henry A. Rucker liquor opportunities and opposed prohibition. By 1880, he was appointed a delegate to the Republican National Convention. He and several of his colleagues in the educated black middle class began pressing the federal government for more patronage positions for African Americans, since they formed the majority of the Republican base in Georgia. Even though the white Republican Party had spit off for several years, Rucker and other black leaders pushed for African American concerns before a reconciliation between the two halves of the party. He supported a memorandum that improved streets in black neighborhoods and increased public school enrollment. President

neg: Andrew Derrom and Westside Park. As a politician, Derrom served as a city alderman, president of the city council, president of the board of education, and superintendent of public schools. He originally identified himself as a member of the Whig Party, and when that party dissolved in 1854, Derrom became a member of the newly-formed Republican Party. In 1842, Derrom married Elizabeth Vreeland, whose family was one of the oldest families to settle in Bergen County and the area around what would become Paterson. Her name is memorialized through Vreeland Avenue, formerly known as York Road in Paterson's Eastside area. The couple

neg: McCulloch v. Maryland formed the Federalist Party, while those who opposed him and supported Jefferson's vision of a decentralized government that focused on States' rights formed the Democratic-Republican Party. On April 10, 1816, the Congress of the United States passed "An Act to Incorporate the Subscribers to the Bank of the United States" to provide for the incorporation of the Second Bank of the United States. The Bank first went into full operation in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania. In 1817, the Bank opened a branch in Baltimore, Maryland, and transacted and carried on business as a branch of the Bank of the United States by

neg: Republican Party (United States) party, was held on March 20, 1854 in a schoolhouse in Ripon, Wisconsin. The name was partly chosen to pay homage to Thomas Jefferson's Republican Party. The first official party convention was held on July 6, 1854 in Jackson, Michigan. By 1858, the Republicans dominated nearly all Northern states. The Republican Party first came to power in the elections of 1860 when it won control of both houses of Congress and its candidate, Abraham Lincoln, was elected President. It oversaw the preserving of the Union, the end of slavery and the provision of equal rights to all men in the

neg: Warren County, Indiana championship team in 1999, then began a five-year career in the Women's National Basketball Association. She is currently the head coach of the Vanderbilt Commodores women's basketball team. The first newspaper in the county was "The Wabash Commercial", which was printed in Williamsport and started publication in the 1850s. A new owner changed the name to "The Warren Republican" in 1854, the same year that the Republican Party was formed. It had several different owners until 1870; it was then published by a single owner for the next 40 years. Another paper called "The Warren Review" was started in 1891

neg: Warren County, Ohio listed with the area code and incumbent local exchange carrier (ILEC) abbreviation from above serving that exchange (list may not be up-to-date): Warren County is primarily Republican and has been since the party was established in the 1850s. Since the first presidential election after its founding, 1856, Warren County has supported the Republican candidate for president all but once, the exception being 1964 when Warren County voted for Democrat Lyndon B. Johnson over Barry M. Goldwater. In 2008, Warren County cast the largest net vote for John McCain of any Ohio county. Before the Republican party was formed, Warren County

neg: The Liberals–Sgarbi European Parliament election the party formed a joint list with the Italian Republican Party, gainining 0.7% of the vote and no MEPs. In the 2006 general election, it sided with the centre-left The Union and was part of the Consumers' List, along with the Southern Democratic Party, but Sgarbi failed to be re-elected. In the same year's municipal election of Milan the party supported Letizia Moratti, who was elected mayor for the House of Freedoms coalition. The Liberals–Sgarbi The Liberals – Sgarbi () was a minor personalist-liberal political party in Italy. The party was founded in March 1999 by Vittorio

neg: Lawrence Yates Sherman in Springfield. As a delegate to the 1912 Republican National Convention, Sherman supported Theodore Roosevelt, but then worked to prevent the party split that resulted in the Bull Moose party. After the split, he supported the party nominee, William Howard Taft, for president. In 1912, Sherman entered the Republican "advisory" primary for the United States Senate, challenging incumbent five-term Republican Senator Shelby M. Cullom. Cullom had suffered politically over his support for the other Illinois senator, William Lorimer, who was embroiled in a scandal over alleged bribery in his 1909 election to the Senate. On April 9, Sherman defeated Cullom

neg: American frontier leaving little opportunity for free white men to own farms. Few Southern planters were actually interested in Kansas, but the idea that slavery was illegal there implied they had a second-class status that was intolerable to their sense of honor, and seemed to violate the principle of state's rights. With the passage of the extremely controversial Kansas–Nebraska Act in 1854, Congress left the decision up to the voters on the ground in Kansas. Across the North a new major party was formed to fight slavery: the Republican Party, with numerous westerners in leadership positions, most notably Abraham Lincoln of Illinois.

neg: History of the United States Democratic Party federal slave code to protect slavery in the territories. President Buchanan went along with these demands, but Douglas refused and proved a much better politician than Buchanan, though the bitter battle lasted for years and permanently alienated the Northern and Southern wings. When the new Republican Party formed in 1854 on the basis of refusing to tolerate the expansion of slavery into the territories, many northern Democrats (especially Free Soilers from 1848) joined it. The Republicans in 1854 now had a majority in most, but not all of the Northern states and it had practically no support South of the

neg: Republican Party of Havana candidate of the party for the 1 June 1901, municipal elections in Havana was Nicasio Estrada Mora. Estrada Mora lost to the Dr. Miguel Gener, who was supported by the Cuban National Party. In the 1901 presidential election, the Republican Party of Havana and the Cuban National Party supported the candidature of Tomás Estrada Palma for president and Luis Estévez Romero as vice-president. Estrada Palma won the election, as his contender Bartolomé Masó withdrew in protest of fraudulent functioning of the electoral machinery. After Estrada Palma's victory, the Republican Party of Havana became the ruling party in the country, whilst

neg: Uriah Upjohn the nomination in 1852 because he supported the Whig candidate. Upjohn supported the Republican Party upon its founding in 1854. Upjohn served as land supervisor for Richland, Michigan. Uriah Upjohn and his brother, Dr. William Upjohn (1807-1887), successfully petitioned the state's legislature to include the Homestead Act to Michigan's Constitution. Uriah Upjohn Uriah Upjohn (September 7, 1808 - November 23, 1896) was a British-born pioneer doctor and abolitionist in the Michigan Territory and later in the state of Michigan. He is the father of William E. Upjohn, founder of The Upjohn Company in Kalamazoo, Michigan. Uriah Upjohn was the ninth

neg: Liberal Party (Chile, 1988) 1993; however, the party was dissolved definitely on June 8, 1994. Liberal Party (Chile, 1988) The Liberal Party (Spanish: "Partido Liberal", PL) was a Chilean centrist political party existing between 1988 and 1994. The Liberal Party was founded on May 31, 1988 as a continuation of the Liberal-Republican Union, formed in 1987 following the merger of the Liberal and Republican parties. July 25 was declared as a party "in formation", and registered in the register of political parties on April 21, 1989. It supported the "No" option in the plebiscite of 1988, and was one of the founders of the

neg: Republican Party (China) Republican Party (China) The Republican Party () was a short-lived political party in the Republican era of China from 1912 to 1913. The party was formed on 9 May 1912 in Shanghai by political groups who opposed to the Tongmenghui, later Nationalist Party (Kuomintang), including People's Association (民社), Unity Party, and National Progressive Association (國民共進會). The party ideology was based on Jean-Jacques Rousseau's "The Social Contract", and its aims were to "uphold the united, republican politics with progressivism in order to achieve well-beings of the countrymen." People's Association was formed in January 1912 included Li Yuanhung, Tan Yankai and Wang

neg: John S. Robinson (governor) second in the 1853 election, but no candidate received a majority. In such cases, the Vermont General Assembly chooses a winner; after several unsuccessful ballots during the month of October, the legislature chose Robinson over the first-place finisher, Whig candidate Erastus Fairbanks, after a number of Liberty Party legislators who had supported Lawrence Brainerd switched their support to Robinson. Serving from 1853 to 1854, he was the first Democratic Governor of Vermont and remained the only Democrat elected to the governorship for 110 years. The Republican winning streak ended when Democrat Philip H. Hoff won the governorship in 1962. In

neg: Liberal Party (Chile, 1988) Liberal Party (Chile, 1988) The Liberal Party (Spanish: "Partido Liberal", PL) was a Chilean centrist political party existing between 1988 and 1994. The Liberal Party was founded on May 31, 1988 as a continuation of the Liberal-Republican Union, formed in 1987 following the merger of the Liberal and Republican parties. July 25 was declared as a party "in formation", and registered in the register of political parties on April 21, 1989. It supported the "No" option in the plebiscite of 1988, and was one of the founders of the Concertación, but the party left soon after to support Francisco Javier

neg: Popular Front (France) and the Radical-Socialist Party, who supported colonialism and found in this discourse a perfect ideological alibi to justify colonial rule. After all, Georges Vacher de Lapouge (1854–1936), a leading theorist of scientific racism, had been a SFIO member, although he was strongly opposed to the "Teachers' Republic" ("République des instituteurs") and its meritocratic ideal of individual advancement and fulfillment through education, a Republican ideal founded on the philosophy of the Enlightenment. The International Olympic Committee chose Berlin over Barcelona for the 1936 Olympic Games. In protest against holding this event in a fascist country, the Spanish Popular Front, decided to

neg: Dexter Mussey the peace of Macomb County in 1845. He served in the Michigan House of Representatives from 1855 through 1862 and served as Speaker of the House in 1861-62. He was a delegate to the 1867 Michigan Constitutional Convention. In 1839 and 1844 Mussey ran as an unsuccessful Whig Party candidate for Michigan House of Representatives. In 1850, he was an unsuccessful Whig candidate to the State Constitutional Convention of that year. In 1854, Mussey ran as a candidate for the newly formed Republican Party, and won the election to the Michigan House of Representatives, and again in 1856, 1858, and

neg: Ben W. Hooper to run as independents, and thus became known as the "Independent Democrats." Tennessee's Republican Party was also suffering from internal divisions in 1910, as party bosses Walter P. Brownlow and Newell Sanders were embroiled in a power struggle. The Brownlow faction supported Alfred A. Taylor, brother of former Democratic governor Robert Love Taylor, as the party's nominee, while the Sanders faction supported Hooper. The Sanders faction and the Independent Democrats formed an alliance— later known as the "Fusionists"—and agreed to support each other's candidates. With this support, Hooper was able to win the Republican nomination, while Patterson's allies were defeated

neg: James G. Blair in 1854, and began a practice in Canton. A Democrat during the American Civil War, Blair supported the Union and opposed secession, but was unable to serve in the military because of poor eyesight and other health issues. After the war he opposed most Reconstruction measures as being overly harsh to former supporters of the Confederacy. Blair had opposed slavery, and supported adoption of the Thirteenth, Fourteenth, and Fifteenth Amendments, which ended slavery and guaranteed the right to vote regardless of race. Democrats in Missouri largely opposed these amendments, causing Blair to join the Republican Party. He served as delegate

neg: Charles Croswell Croswell ran on the Whig ticket for the position of County Clerk, but was defeated. In 1850, he was elected as a Whig to be Register of Deeds for the county in 1850 and was re-elected in 1852. In 1854, he took part in the formation of the Republican Party, where he was a member and Secretary of the convention held at Jackson, Michigan. In 1855 he formed a law partnership with Thomas M. Cooley, who later became Chief Justice of the Michigan Supreme Court. This partnership continued until 1859, when Cooley moved to Ann Arbor. In 1862, Croswell was

neg: Alexander De Witt one of six signatories of the "Appeal of the Independent Democrats", drafted to oppose the Kansas-Nebraska Act. After the demise of the Free Soil Party, De Witt joined the American Party, then the only major party with an anti-slavery platform. He won a second term in 1854, and served in the 34th Congress. He was defeated in his 1856 bid for reelection and returned to his previous work as a textile manufacturer. De Witt later became a Republican, and supported the Union during the American Civil War by participating in efforts to recruit and equip soldiers for Massachusetts regiments. De

neg: Francis Preston Blair a group of unofficial advisors and assistants known as the "Kitchen Cabinet". Blair, despite being a slaveholder from Kentucky, eventually came to oppose the expansion of slavery into western territories. He supported the Free-Soil Party ticket of Martin Van Buren and Charles Francis Adams in the 1848 presidential election. In 1854, in opposition to the Kansas–Nebraska Act, he left the Democratic Party and helped establish the Republican Party. Blair served as an advisor to President Abraham Lincoln during the American Civil War. In 1861, he was sent by Lincoln to offer command of a large Union army to Colonel Robert

neg: Democratic-Republican Party party of Lincoln") and former Free Soil Party leaders joined the newly formed anti-slavery party. The party sought to combine Jefferson's ideals of liberty and equality with Clay's program of using an active government to modernize the economy. Three United States Presidents were elected following a process that selected them as a national nominee of the Democratic-Republican Party. John Quincy Adams was elected in 1824, in an election where every candidate was associated with the Democratic-Republican Party, but the party selected no nominee that year. Democratic-Republican Party The Democratic-Republican Party (formally the Republican Party) was an American political party formed

neg: History of Pennsylvania removal. Following the Civil War, the Republican Party exercised strong control over politics in the state, as Republicans won almost every election during the Third Party System (1854–1894) and the Fourth Party System (1896–1930). Pennsylvania remained one of the most populous states in the Union, and the state's large number of electoral votes helped Republicans dominate presidential elections from 1860 to 1928. Only once during that period did Pennsylvania vote for a presidential candidate that was not a Republican (the lone exception was former Republican President Theodore Roosevelt in 1912). The Republican Party was nearly as dominant in gubernatorial elections,

neg: Ohio Republican Party Ohio Republican Party The Ohio Republican Party is the Ohio state affiliate of the United States Republican Party. It was founded in Columbus, Ohio on February 13, 1854. From the Civil War era, Ohio politics was dominated by the Republican Party, with Ohio Republicans playing key roles in the national party. As the National Republican party slowly began to change from a party affiliated with Northern States and into a socially conservative, neo-liberal economic party, so has the Ohio Republican Party. Early Ohio Republicans such as Salmon P. Chase staffed many important national offices. Chase coined the phrase "Free Soil,

neg: Alabama Republican Party was Claude O. Vardaman of Birmingham who held the post for twenty years from 1942-1962. The first Chairman of the Alabama GOP was John C. Keffer (1867) of Montgomery who was an agent for the Freedmen's Bureau. When the Republican Party was first organized in 1854, as an anti-slavery party, it did not compete in southern states such as Alabama. In its first three presidential elections (including 1864, in which Alabama did not participate due to the Civil War), the party did not even distribute ballots in Alabama for its presidential candidate. (At the time, ballots were not printed by

neg: Austin Blair they had four sons; George who became a postal clerk in the railway mail service; Charles who became a partner with his father; the other two were Fred and Austin. He was elected Jackson County prosecutor in 1852 and participated in organizing the Republican Party in 1854. He was chairman of the committee that drafted the Republican platform "under the oaks" in Jackson on July 6. He served in the Michigan Senate from 1855 to 1856. Blair was a delegate from Michigan to the 1860 Republican National Convention, which nominated Abraham Lincoln. He was also elected Governor of Michigan in

neg: William Claflin (who he refused to join) swept away the old parties. He became active in 1854 and 1855 in the founding of the state Republican Party, and served as its state chairman for a number of years. He was elected to the state senate in 1859 as a Republican, and became Senate President in 1861. He developed a close political association and friendship with fellow Free Soiler and Republican Henry Wilson, and was one of the dominant forces in the state Republican Party establishment in the 1860s. In 1865 Claflin was elected Lieutenant Governor under Governor Alexander Hamilton Bullock, winning reelection

neg: William Alanson Howard year teaching mathematics at the University of Michigan. Then, Howard studied law and was admitted to the Michigan bar in 1842 before practicing law in Detroit. In 1854, Howard successfully ran for Representative in Congress from Michigan's 1st congressional district as a member of the Whig Party. In 1856, he was elected to the House as an Oppositionist. In 1860, he supported Abraham Lincoln's bid for the presidency. Howard left Congress in early 1861. He became Chairman of the Michigan Republican Party from 1862 to 1868. From 1869 to 1871, Howard served as land commissioner of the Grand Rapids and