query: when was the indian civil service introduced in india

pos: Indian Civil Service (British India) its main roles. Nehru appointed long-time ICS officials Chintaman Deshmukh as his Finance Minister, and K. P. S. Menon as his Foreign Minister. Sardar Patel appreciated their role in keeping India united after Partition, and noted in Parliament that without them, the country would have collapsed. "Notes" Indian Civil Service (British India) The Indian Civil Service (ICS), for part of the 19th century officially known as the Imperial Civil Service, was the elite higher civil service of the British Empire in British India during British rule in the period between 1858 and 1947. Its members ruled more than 300 million

pos: Civil service the change. The report's conclusions were immediately implemented, and a permanent, unified and politically neutral civil service was introduced as Her Majesty's Civil Service. A Civil Service Commission was also set up in 1855 to oversee open recruitment and end patronage, and most of the other Northcote–Trevelyan recommendations were implemented over some years. The same model, the Imperial Civil Service, was implemented in British India from 1858, after the demise of the East India Company's rule in India through the Indian Rebellion of 1857 which came close to toppling British rule in the country. The Northcote–Trevelyan model remained essentially stable

pos: Indian Civil Service (British India) Indian Civil Service (British India) The Indian Civil Service (ICS), for part of the 19th century officially known as the Imperial Civil Service, was the elite higher civil service of the British Empire in British India during British rule in the period between 1858 and 1947. Its members ruled more than 300 million people in India, Pakistan, Bangladesh and Burma (then comprising British Raj). They were ultimately responsible for overseeing all government activity in the 250 districts that comprised British India. They were appointed under Section XXXII of the Government of India Act 1858, enacted by the Parliament of the

pos: Indian Civil Service (British India) "the basis of racial discrimination in the sub-continent had solidified". At the time of the birth of India and Pakistan in 1947, the outgoing Government of India's ICS was divided between India and Pakistan. Although these are now organised differently, the contemporary Civil Services of India, the Central Superior Services of Pakistan, Bangladesh Civil Service and Myanmar Civil Service are all descended from the old Indian Civil Service. Historians often rate the ICS, together with the railway system, the legal system, and the Indian Army, as among the most important legacies of British rule in India. From 1858, after the

pos: All India Services Act, 1951 the lower rung of the administration. The special service consisted of specialised departments, such as the Indian Forest Service, Indian Police and Indian Political Service, whose ranks were drawn from either the covenanted civil services or the British Indian Army. The Indian Police ranked many British Indian Army officers among its members, although after 1893, an annual exam was used to select its officers. In 1858, the HEICCS was replaced by the Indian Civil Service (ICS), which became the highest civil service in British-ruled India between 1858 and 1947. The last British appointments to the ICS were made in 1942.

pos: Indian Administrative Service The Imperial Police included many British Indian Army officers among its members, although after 1893 an annual exam was used to select its officers. In 1858 the HEICCS was replaced by the Indian Civil Service (ICS), which became the highest civil service in the British Raj between 1858 and 1947. The last British appointments to the ICS were made in 1942. With the passing of the Government of India Act 1919 by the Parliament of the United Kingdom, the Indian civil services—under the general oversight of the Secretary of State for India—were split into two arms, the All India Services

pos: Henry Beveridge Henry Beveridge Henry Beveridge (9 February 1837 – 8 November 1929) was an Indian Civil Service officer and orientalist in British India. Born in Scotland, Beveridge studied at the Royal Circus School, Glasgow, Edinburgh Academy and Glasgow College. In 1856 he entered Queen's College, Belfast, where his father had been appointed editor of The Banner of Ulster. In July 1857 he successfully passed the public examinations for the Indian Civil Service, joining the service in 1857. He left for India in 1857 and reached Calcutta in January 1858. After training he was posted to Mymensingh as Assistant Magistrate and Collector

neg: Indian Administrative Service the East India Company, the civil services were classified into threecovenanted, uncovenanted and special civil services. The covenanted civil service, or the Honourable East India Company's Civil Service (HEICCS), as it was called, largely comprised British civil servants occupying the senior posts in the government. The uncovenanted civil service was introduced solely to facilitate the entry of Indians onto the lower rung of the administration. The special service comprised specialised departments, such as the Indian Forest Service, the Imperial Police and the Indian Political Service, whose ranks were drawn from either the covenanted civil service or the British Indian Army.

neg: Civil Services of India administer them. The civil service system in India is rank-based and does not follow the tenets of the position-based civil services. In 2015, the Government of India approved the formation of Indian Skill Development Service. Further, in 2016, the Government of India approved the formation of Indian Enterprise Development Service. Warren Hastings laid the foundation of civil service and Charles Cornwallis reformed, modernised and rationalised it. Hence, Charles Cornwallis is known as the 'Father of Civil Service in India'. He introduced Covenanted Civil Services (Higher Civil Services) and Uncovenanted Civil Services (Lower Civil Services). The present civil services of India

neg: Indian Administrative Service and the Central Services. The Indian Civil Service was one of the ten All India Services. In 1946 at the Premier's Conference, the Central Cabinet decided to form the Indian Administrative Service, based on the Indian Civil Service; and the Indian Police Service, based on the Imperial Police. When India was partitioned following the departure of the British in 1947, the Indian Civil Service was divided between the new dominions of India and Pakistan. The Indian remnant of the ICS was named the Indian Administrative Service, while the Pakistani remnant was named the Pakistan Administrative Service. The modern Indian Administrative

neg: Indian Economic Service Indian Economic Service The Indian Economic Service () (abbreviated as IES) is the administrative inter-ministerial civil service under Group A of the Central Civil Services of the executive branch of the Government of India. The Indian Economic Service was introduced by Prime Minister Jawaharlal Nehru for formulating and implementing economic policies and programmes in India. The initial steps towards formation of service can be traced to 1952. A Committee under V. T. Krishnamachari submitted a report in September 1953, recommending the formation of a service to be known as the Statistical and Economic Advisory Service. On the contrary, Prasanta Mahalanobis

neg: All India Services Act, 1951 All India Services Act, 1951 The All India Services Act, 1951 (IAST: ) is an Indian legislation. The Act established two All India Services and provides for the creation of three more. During the occupation of India by the East India Company, the civil services were divided into three — covenanted, uncovenanted and special civil services. The covenanted civil service, or the Honourable East India Company's Civil Service (HEICCS), as it was called, largely consisted of British civil servants occupying the senior posts in the government. The uncovenanted civil service was solely introduced to facilitate the entry of Indians into

neg: Civil Services of India is mainly based on the pattern of the former Indian Civil Service of British India. The civil services were divided into two categories - covenanted and uncovenanted. The covenanted civil service consisted of only Europeans (i.e., English personnel) occupying the higher posts in the government. The uncovenanted civil service was solely introduced to facilitate the entry of Indians at the lower rung of the administration. With the passing of the Government of India Act 1919, the Imperial Services headed by the Secretary of State for India, were split into two – All India Services and Central Services. The All India

neg: Madras Presidency prevent potential misuse of their funds. The Raja of Bobbili also introduced reforms in the administration of the Tirumala Tirupathi Devasthanams, the trust which manages the Hindu temple at Tirupathi. The Pitt's India Act of 1784 created an executive council with legislative powers to assist the Governor. The council initially consisted of four members, two of whom were from the Indian civil service or covenanted civil service and the third, an Indian of distinction. The fourth was the Commander-in-chief of the Madras Army. The council was reduced to three members when the Madras Army was abolished in 1895. The legislative

neg: All India Services Act, 1951 With the passing of the "Government of India Act, 1919", the Imperial Services — under the oversight of the Secretary of State for India — were split into two arms, the All India Services and the Central Services. The Imperial Civil Service was one of the ten All India Services. In 1946, at the Premier's Conference, the then-Central Cabinet decided to form the Indian Administrative Service (IAS), based on the Imperial Civil Service (ICS); and the Indian Police Service (IPS), based on the Imperial Police (IP).When India was partitioned following the departure of the British in 1947, the Imperial Civil

neg: Indian Civil Service (British India) hat with black silk cockade and ostrich feathers, and a sword. The civil services were divided into two categories – covenanted and uncovenanted. The covenanted civil service consisted of only white British civil servants occupying the higher posts in the government. The uncovenanted civil service was solely introduced to facilitate the entry of Indians at the lower rung of the administration. After the Indian Rebellion of 1857, the pay scales were drawn up. Assistant Commissioners started out in their early twenties on around £300 a year. The governorship of a British province was the highest post an ICS officer could

neg: Civil service to urge the adoption for England of something similar. The first concrete step in this direction was taken by the British East India Company in 1806." In that year, the Honourable East India Company established a college, the East India Company College, near London to train and examine administrators of the Company's territories in India. "The proposal for establishing this college came, significantly, from members of the East India Company's trading post in Canton, China." Examinations for the Indian "civil service"—a term coined by the Company—were introduced in 1829. British efforts at reform were influenced by the imperial examinations system

neg: Royal Indian Engineering College Royal Indian Engineering College The Royal Indian Engineering College (or RIEC) was a British college of Civil Engineering run by the India Office to train civil engineers for service in the Indian Public Works Department. It was located on the Cooper's Hill estate, near Egham, Surrey. It functioned from 1872 until 1906, when its work was transferred to India. The college was colloquially referred to as Cooper's Hill and "I.C.E. College" (I.C.E. being an acronym for Indian Civil Engineering). A Public Works Department was created in India in 1854, with responsibility for the construction of roads, canals and other civil

neg: Monier Monier-Williams and called for Christian evangelism to ward off the spread of Islam. According to Saurabh Dube this work is "widely credited to have introduced the term Hinduism into general English usage" while David N. Lorenzen cites the book along with for popularising of the term. When Monier Williams founded the University's Indian Institute in 1883, it provided both an academic focus and also a training ground for the Indian Civil Service. Since the early 1870s Monier Williams planned this institution. His vision was the better acquaintance of England and India. On this account he supported academic research into Indian culture.

neg: Indian Railway Personnel Service Indian Railway Personnel Service The Indian Railway Personnel Service (IRPS) is a cadre of civil servants of the Government of India. The officers of this service are responsible for managing the Human Resources of the Indian Railways which has a work force of about 1.4 million employees. It is the only civil service of its kind in India and it creates a cadre of bureaucrats specialized in human resource management in government of india. 50% vacancies in the initial recruitment grade of the Indian Railways Personnel Service (IRPS) like other civil service Railway officers viz.Indian Railway Accounts Service, Indian Railway

neg: Civil Services Examination (India) The interview standards are very high and require thorough preparation as well as commitment. Civil Services Examination (India) The Civil Services Examination (CSE) is a nationwide competitive examination in India conducted by the Union Public Service Commission for recruitment to various Civil Services of the Government of India, including the Indian Administrative Service (IAS), Indian Foreign Service (IFS), Indian Police Service (IPS) among others. Also simply referred as UPSC examination. It is conducted in three phases - a preliminary examination consisting of two objective-type papers (General Studies Paper I and General Studies Paper II also popularly known as Civil Service

neg: Civil Services Examination (India) Civil Services Examination (India) The Civil Services Examination (CSE) is a nationwide competitive examination in India conducted by the Union Public Service Commission for recruitment to various Civil Services of the Government of India, including the Indian Administrative Service (IAS), Indian Foreign Service (IFS), Indian Police Service (IPS) among others. Also simply referred as UPSC examination. It is conducted in three phases - a preliminary examination consisting of two objective-type papers (General Studies Paper I and General Studies Paper II also popularly known as Civil Service Aptitude Test or CSAT), and a main examination consisting of nine papers of conventional

neg: Lal Bahadur Shastri National Academy of Administration from Jawaharlal Nehru University, Delhi. In India, most officers of the premier civil services of the country are selected through competitive civil service exams administered by the Union Public Service Commission. Applicants who are accepted attend LBSNAA for a four-month Foundation Course. In this course, the feeling of "equality" among all the trainees is introduced. After this, officers of the Indian Administrative Service continue their professional training at the academy, while officers of other services proceed to respective staff colleges, such as the Sardar Vallabhbhai Patel National Police Academy in Hyderabad for Indian Police Service officers and the Indira Gandhi

neg: Parveen Talha Parveen Talha Parveen Talha is an Indian civil servant, reported to be the first Muslim woman to serve in any Class I civil service in India, the first Indian Revenue Service officer to become a member of the Union Public Service Commission and the first woman to serve in Narcotics Department of India. She was honoured by the Government of India, in 2014, by bestowing on her the Padma Shri, the fourth highest civilian award, for her services to Indian Civil Service. Parveen Talha was born in Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh in India, as one of the two children (her brother,

neg: Parveen Talha the stories of its women. The book was formally released by the Vice-President of India, Hamid Ansari. Parveen Talha is a recipient of President's Award for distinguished service, which she received in 2000. Fourteen years later, in 2014, the Government of India honoured her services to the Indian Civil Service by awarding her Padma Shri, the fourth among the highest Indian civilian awards. Parveen Talha Parveen Talha is an Indian civil servant, reported to be the first Muslim woman to serve in any Class I civil service in India, the first Indian Revenue Service officer to become a member of

neg: Gopal Krishna Gokhale reformer, and the statesman, arguably the greatest Indian liberal. In 1905, when Gokhale was elected president of the Indian National Congress and was at the height of his political power, he founded the Servants of India Society to specifically further one of the causes dearest to his heart: the expansion of Indian education. For Gokhale, true political change in India would only be possible when a new generation of Indians became educated as to their civil and patriotic duty to their country and to each other. Believing existing educational institutions and the Indian Civil Service did not do enough to

neg: Frederick Bullock (police officer) Frederick Bullock (police officer) Frederick Shore Bullock was a British civil servant and police officer. Bullock was born on 3 October 1847 in India, the son of Thomas Henry Bullock, Commissioner of Berar. He was educated at Cheltenham College and passed for the Indian Civil Service in 1868. He arrived in India in 1870 and served in the North-Western Provinces as judge and collector until 1892, when he was made Judicial Commissioner of Berar. He was then Commissioner of the Hyderabad assigned districts from 1895 until he retired from the Indian Civil Service in 1899. He was made a Companion

neg: Indian Order of Merit when the Indian Distinguished Service Medal was introduced, and when the Victoria Cross was opened to native soldiers in 1911. Both divisions of the order were removed when India became independent in 1947. Recipients receive the post nominal letters IOM. The original object was to "afford personal reward for personal bravery without reference to any claims founded on mere length of service and general good conduct" The medal was originally introduced with three classes (first, second and third classes), until others medals were made available to Indian soldiers, at which point it was reduced to two classes (the Victoria Cross

neg: Indian Civil Service (British India) Commons (1893) allowing for simultaneous examination for the Indian Civil Service in London and India. By 1920, there were five methods of entry into the higher civil service: firstly, the open competitive examinations in London; secondly, separate competitive examinations in India; thirdly, nomination in India to satisfy provincial and communal representation; fourthly, promotion from the Provincial Civil Service and lastly, appointments from the bar (one-fourth of the posts in the ICS were to be filled from the bar). Queen Victoria had suggested that the civil servants in India should have an official dress uniform, as did their counterparts in the

neg: Jamchonga Nampui Jamchonga Nampui Jamchonga Nampui (Nampui Jam Chonga) was an Indian civil servant. He was an Indian Administrative Service officer of Assam-Meghalaya cadre. He was the first Scheduled Tribe IAS officer in India when he cleared the civil services examination conducted by the Union Public Service Commission in 1954. He belongs to the Biate community of Northeast India. Jamchonga Nampui (2 June 1926 – 2 November 1988) was born in Thuruk, a medium size Biate village in present-day Meghalaya which was then a part of Assam, to Somlalkhupa and Roichongbuangi Nampui. Jamchonga was the eldest of seven brothers and two sisters

neg: Indian Telecommunication Service Indian Telecommunication Service The Indian Telecommunications Service, widely known as ITS, and earlier known as 'Telegraph Engineering Service Class I'(TES Class I)is an organised civil service of Government of India. The appointment to this service is done through Combined Engineering Services exam held every year by Union Public Service Commission (UPSC) of India. ITS is a Group 'A' Central Civil Service(Gazetted) post of the Union of India. The service was created to meet the technical and managerial functions of the government in areas related to telecommunications.The Department of Telecommunications (DOT) had been run for years by this permanent cadre of

neg: Jamchonga Nampui IAS officer. To honor Jamchonga Nampui and to take forward his legacy "to strive for the best in education", a school in Fiangpui, Assam, District Council L.P. School, established in 1962, was renamed as J.C. Nampui Memorial L.P. School in 1990 after him. Jamchonga Nampui Jamchonga Nampui (Nampui Jam Chonga) was an Indian civil servant. He was an Indian Administrative Service officer of Assam-Meghalaya cadre. He was the first Scheduled Tribe IAS officer in India when he cleared the civil services examination conducted by the Union Public Service Commission in 1954. He belongs to the Biate community of Northeast India.

neg: Civil Services of India new all-India services. The Indian Administrative Service, Indian Police Service and Indian Forest Service are set up under this constitutional provision. The responsibility of the civil services is to run the administration of India. The country is managed through a number of Central Government agencies in accordance with the policy directions given by the ministries. The members of the civil services are represented as administrators in the central government and state government; emissaries in the foreign missions/embassies; as tax collectors and revenue commissioners; as civil service commissioned police officers; as permanent representative(s) and employees in the United Nations and its

neg: Indian Civil Service (British India) the last seven ICS officers (seven examinees, two nominated) joined. By this time, the British government felt it could no longer rely unambiguously on the complete loyalty of its Indian officers. During the period of the Interim Government of India (1946-1947), a few British candidates were given emergency appointments in the ICS, though ultimately none of them ever served in India. At the time of the partition of India and departure of the British, in 1947, the Indian Civil Service was divided between the new Dominions of India and Pakistan. The part which went to India was named the Indian

neg: Indian Foreign Service Indian Foreign Service The Indian Foreign Service is the administrative diplomatic civil service under Group A and Group B of the Central Civil Services of the executive branch of the Government of India. It is considered to be one of the two premier Civil Services (the other being the IAS), as appointment to IFS renders a person ineligible to reappear in Civil Services Examination. It is a Central Civil service as Foreign policy is the subject matter and prerogative of Union Government. The Ambassador, High Commissioner, Consul General, Permanent Representative of India to the United Nations and Foreign Secretary are

neg: Indian Police Service Limited Competitive Examination current National issues and topics of social relevance in the present-day India, such as the following : Indian Police Service Limited Competitive Examination To face the shortage of Indian Police Service officers in India as a result the high attrition in the Indian Police Service, the Ministry of Home Affairs proposed the formation of Indian Police Service Limited Competitive Examination to be conducted by UPSC. IPS Limited Competitive Examination was held for the first time in 2012. This is in addition to the Civil Services Examination conducted by UPSC itself, for recruitment to the various civil services including Indian Police

neg: 2nd Lancers (Gardner's Horse) on each occasion his horse was shot from under him and he was compelled to finish the journey on foot. The Indian Order of Merit (IOM) was a military and civilian decoration of British India. The Indian Order of Merit was the only gallantry medal available to Native soldiers between 1837 and 1907 when the Indian Distinguished Service Medal was introduced, and when the Victoria Cross was opened to native soldiers in 1911. Both divisions of the order were removed when India became independent in 1947 following the partition of India. The brave men of 2nd Lancers (Gardner's Horse) showed

neg: Indian Civil Service (British India) demise of the East India Company's rule in India, the British civil service took on its administrative responsibilities. The change in governance came about due to the Indian Rebellion of 1857, which came close to toppling British rule in the country. Up to 1853, the Directors of the British East India Company made appointments of covenanted civil servants by nominations. This nomination system was abolished in 1855 by the Parliament in England and it was decided that the induction would be through competitive examinations of all British subjects, without distinction of race. Th examination for admission to the service was

neg: Anna Lombard Anna Lombard Anna Lombard is a New Woman novel by Annie Sophie Cory writing as Victoria Cross. First published in 1901, it is based on the idea that it takes a New Man as well to form a perfect union of the sexes. Set exclusively in the British Indian Empire (mainly India, but also Burma) in the final years of the 19th century, the story is told by Gerald Ethridge, a young, high-ranking member of the Indian Civil Service. Anna Lombard, the 21-year-old daughter of a general, has just arrived from England to join her father when she is introduced

neg: Hardit Malik Order of the Indian Empire (CIE) in June 1941. In April 1944, Malik became the Prime Minister ("dewan") of the powerful salute principality of Patiala, under Maharaja Yadavindra Singh, serving until Indian independence in 1947 and the dissolution of the Indian Civil Service. In 1949, he joined the new Indian Foreign Service and was appointed as the first Indian High Commissioner to Canada. He then served as Indian Ambassador to France, during the period when France decolonised its Indian possessions in French India, including Pondicherry. He was also leader of the Indian delegation when the United Nations General Assembly was

neg: Edward Albert Gait Edward Albert Gait Sir Edward Albert Gait KCSI CIE (1863–1950) was an administrator in the Indian Civil Service who rose to serve as Lieutenant-Governor of the Bihar and Orissa Province in the Bengal Presidency of British India. He held that office for the years 1915–1920, with a brief absence during April–July 1918 when Edward Vere Levinge officially acted in the position. Gait graduated from University College, London. He sat the competitive examination for the Indian Civil Service in 1882 and was subsequently appointed, arriving in India on 11 December of that year. He served as assistant commissioner in Assam, and

neg: Edward Albert Gait by scholars as an authentic source material." Edward Albert Gait Sir Edward Albert Gait KCSI CIE (1863–1950) was an administrator in the Indian Civil Service who rose to serve as Lieutenant-Governor of the Bihar and Orissa Province in the Bengal Presidency of British India. He held that office for the years 1915–1920, with a brief absence during April–July 1918 when Edward Vere Levinge officially acted in the position. Gait graduated from University College, London. He sat the competitive examination for the Indian Civil Service in 1882 and was subsequently appointed, arriving in India on 11 December of that year. He

neg: Sarukkai Jagannathan private banks. The Credit Guarantee Corporation of India, and State Level Bankers' Committees were established during his tenure. Indian Rupee notes of 20 and 50 denomination were introduced, and these bore his signature. He relinquished office to take up the post of the India's Executive Director at the International Monetary Fund. Sarukkai Jagannathan Sarukkai Jagannathan (18 May 1914 – 1996) was the tenth Governor of the Reserve Bank of India from 16 June 1970 to 19 May 1975. Educated at the Presidency College, Madras, Jagannathan was a member of the Indian Civil Service, and had served with the Central Government.

neg: Ministry of Finance (India) Ministry of Finance (India) The Ministry of Finance is an important ministry within the Government of India concerned with the economy of India, serving as the Indian Treasury Department. In particular, it concerns itself with taxation, financial legislation, financial institutions, capital markets, centre and state finances, and the Union Budget. The Ministry of Finance is the cadre controlling authority of the Indian Revenue Service, Indian Economic Service, Indian Cost Accounts Service and Indian Civil Accounts Service. Arun jaitley is the Finance Minister of India. R. K. Shanmukham Chetty was the first Finance Minister of independent India. He presented the first

neg: Indian Civil Accounts Service Indian Civil Accounts Service The Indian Civil Accounts Service(ICAS)(Hindi: भारतीय सिविल लेखा सेवा "Bharatiya Civil Lekha Seva" ) is one of the Civil Services of India ("Group A"). ICAS functions under the Department of Expenditure in the Union Ministry of Finance. The service was created consequent to the Departmentalisation in 1976 with the purpose of separating Auditing and Accounting functions of the Union Government. The initial intake into the ICAS was by deputing and transferring the personnel from Indian Audit and Accounts Department. Since 1977, direct recruits to ICAS are selected from the Civil Services Examination conducted by Union Public

neg: Central Civil Services Central Civil Services The Central Civil Services (CCS) are concerned directly with the administration and permanent bureaucracy of the Government of India. Most of all the specialized fields in civil services in India belong to the central services. The Central Civil Services are classified into Group A and Group B, both of which are gazetted. In 2015, the Government of India approved the formation of Indian Skill Development Service. Further, in 2016, the Government of India approved the formation of Indian Enterprise Development Service. The recruitment of the CCS (Group A) is made through Civil Services Examination, Engineering Services Examination,

neg: Benegal Rama Rau Benegal Rama Rau Sir Benegal Rama Rau, CIE, ICS (1 July 1889 – 13 December 1969) was the fourth Governor of the Reserve Bank of India from 1 July 1949 to 14 January 1957. He was educated at Presidency College, Madras, and at King's College, Cambridge. Joining the Indian Civil Service in 1919, he was appointed a Companion of the Order of the Indian Empire (CIE) in 1930, and was knighted in 1939. He was a member of the Indian Civil Service. While he had the longest tenure as Governor of the RBI, it was cut short when he resigned

neg: Integrated financial advisor (India) under joint control and answerable to both. The post of IFA was first introduced in the ministry of shipping and transport in 1974 on an experimental basis and after then extended to all ministries of the central government in 1975 and 1976 In defence, the IDAS officers are appointed as IFA. The lower level purchase are being decentralized and IFA acts as approving authority for such purchases. IDAS are recruited through Civil Services Examinations http://finmin.nic.in/the_ministry/dept_expenditure/acts_codes/Charter_FA_English.pdf This is a very recent phenomenon and is yet to be fully implemented. Integrated financial advisor (India) In the Indian Civil Service, an Integrated financial

neg: William Duke (colonial governor) William Duke (colonial governor) Sir Frederick William Duke (1863–1924) worked in the Indian Civil Service and formulated the "Duke Memorandum" during the period of constitutional reform in India. William Duke was born in Arbroath, Scotland, the eldest son of Rev William Duke, the parish minister of St Vigeans Forfarshire. He studied at Arbroath High School and then to Wren and Gurney to be coached for the competitive entrance exams for the Indian Civil Service (British India) which he passed. A position in the Indian Civil Service at that time was highly regarded. He then spent two years at University College

neg: Indian Information Service nature of handling the information and communication, the Service enjoys a great diversity in its nature of work and responsibilities. The Ministry of I&B lists the functions of an IIS officer in its official mandate as- Indian Information Service The Indian Information Service (IIS) () is the administrative civil service under Group A and Group B of the Central Civil Services of the executive branch of the Government of India. Indian Information Service officers are the media managers of the Government of India. They act as a vital communication link between the Government and the people by way of disseminating

neg: T. E. Moir Order of the Star of India in 1922. He was made a Knight Commander of the Order of the Indian Empire in 1929. T. E. Moir Sir Thomas Eyebron Moir (1874-1932) was an Indian civil servant of British origin. He served as the Revenue member of the executive council of the Governor of Madras from 1925 to 1930. Moir was educated at Fettes College, Edinburgh and Wadham College, Oxford. He took the 1897 Indian civil service examinations and having passed, arrived in India on 26 December 1898. Moir joined the Indian civil service and served in Madras as Assistant Collector

neg: East India Company a big pension but lose the throne. The British East India Company gradually took over most of India by threat, intimidation, bribery or outright war. The East India Company was the first company to record the Chinese usage of orange-flavoured tea, which led to the development of Earl Grey tea. The East India Company introduced a system of merit-based appointments that provided a model for the British and Indian civil service. Widespread corruption and looting of Bengal resources and treasures during its rule resulted in poverty. Famines, such as the Great Bengal famine of 1770 and subsequent famines during the

neg: Cabinet Secretary of India Cabinet Secretary of India The Cabinet Secretary (IAST: ) is the top-most executive official and senior-most civil servant of the Government of India. The Cabinet Secretary is the "ex-officio" head of the Civil Services Board, the Cabinet Secretariat, the Indian Administrative Service (IAS), and all civil services under the rules of business of the government. The Cabinet Secretary is the senior-most cadre post of the Indian Administrative Service, ranking eleventh on the Indian order of precedence. The Cabinet Secretary is under the direct charge of the prime minister. In 2010, the Cabinet Secretary's term length was extended to a maximum

neg: Indian Revenue Service Indian Revenue Service The Indian Revenue Service (IAST: ), often abbreviated to I.R.S., or simply IRS, is the administrative revenue service of the Government of India. A Central Service, it functions under the Department of Revenue of the Ministry of Finance and is under the administrative direction of the Revenue Secretary and the ministerial command of the Minister of Finance. The IRS is primarily responsible for collecting and administering direct and indirect taxes accruing to the Government of India. It is the largest civil service amongst the organised civil services in the Indian government and serves the nation through discharging

neg: Cabinet Secretary of India and emolument in this rank is equivalent to Chief of the Army Staff, and its equivalents in the Indian Armed Forces. Cabinet Secretary of India The Cabinet Secretary (IAST: ) is the top-most executive official and senior-most civil servant of the Government of India. The Cabinet Secretary is the "ex-officio" head of the Civil Services Board, the Cabinet Secretariat, the Indian Administrative Service (IAS), and all civil services under the rules of business of the government. The Cabinet Secretary is the senior-most cadre post of the Indian Administrative Service, ranking eleventh on the Indian order of precedence. The Cabinet Secretary

neg: Indian Civil Service (British India) Administrative Service (IAS), while the part that went to Pakistan was named the "Civil Service of Pakistan" (CSP). In 1947, there were 980 ICS officers. 468 were Europeans, 352 Hindus, 101 Muslims, two depressed classes/Scheduled Castes, five domiciled Europeans and Anglo-Indians, 25 Indian Christians, 13 Parsis, 10 Sikhs and four other communities. Most European officers left India at Partition, while many Hindus and Muslims went to India and Pakistan respectively. This sudden loss of officer cadre caused major challenges in administering the nascent states. Despite offers from the new Indian and Pakistani governments, virtually all of the European former ICS

neg: Indian Telecommunication Service National Highway Authority of India, RITES, IRCON,TCIL,UPSC,SSC and various other Ministries and Statutory bodies of India. The designations and time-scales within the Indian Telecom Service are as follows after cadre restructure Member (Services), Telecom Commission of India is cadre controlling authority of ITS, Group A. Member(Services)is "ex officio" Secretary to Government of India. ' Shri Ravi Kant' is currently working as Member(Services), Department of Telecom, Government of India Indian Telecommunication Service The Indian Telecommunications Service, widely known as ITS, and earlier known as 'Telegraph Engineering Service Class I'(TES Class I)is an organised civil service of Government of India. The appointment

neg: Indian Information Service Indian Information Service The Indian Information Service (IIS) () is the administrative civil service under Group A and Group B of the Central Civil Services of the executive branch of the Government of India. Indian Information Service officers are the media managers of the Government of India. They act as a vital communication link between the Government and the people by way of disseminating information and communicating various Government policies and schemes to the public at large; and also collecting and providing valuable feedback to the Government for policy formulation. Most IIS officers work in various media units which are

neg: Indian Administrative Service Indian Administrative Service The Indian Administrative Service (IAST: ), often abbreviated to I.A.S., or simply IAS, is the administrative arm of the All India Services. Considered the premier civil service of India, the IAS is one of the three arms of the All India Services along with the Indian Police Service (IPS) and the Indian Forest Service (IFS). Members of these three services serve the Government of India as well as the individual states. IAS officers may also be deployed to various public sector undertakings. As with other countries following the Westminster parliamentary system of government, the IAS is a

neg: Indian Civil Service (British India) because the Indian Civil Service directed all the activities of the Anglo-Indian state." The ICS had responsibility for maintaining law and order, and often were at loggerheads with the freedom fighters during the Independence movement. Jawaharlal Nehru often ridiculed the ICS for its support of British policies. He noted that someone had once defined the Indian Civil Service, "with which we are unfortunately still afflicted in this country, as neither Indian, nor civil, nor a service". As Prime Minister, Nehru retained the organisation and its top people, albeit with a change of title to the "Indian Administrative Service". It continued

neg: Indian Revenue Service (Income Tax) Indian Revenue Service (Income Tax) The Indian Revenue Service (Income Tax) (IAST: ), often abbreviated to I.R.S. (I.T.), or simply IRS (IT), is the administrative revenue service of the Government of India. A Central Service, it functions under the Department of Revenue of the Ministry of Finance and is under the administrative direction of the Revenue Secretary and the ministerial command of the Minister of Finance. The IRS is primarily responsible for collecting and administering direct taxes accruing to the Government of India. It is one of the largest civil service amongst the organised civil services in the Indian government

neg: Indian Administrative Service Service was created under Article 312(2) in part XIV of the Constitution of India, and the All India Services Act, 1951. There are three modes of recruitment into the Indian Administrative Service. IAS officers may enter the IAS by passing the Civil Services Examination, which is conducted by the Union Public Service Commission (UPSC). Officers recruited this way are called direct recruits. Some IAS officers are also recruited from the state civil services, and, in rare cases, selected from non-state civil service. The ratio between direct recruits and promotees is fixed at 2:1. All IAS officers, regardless of the mode

neg: Officer on Special Duty is considered to be a stigma when an officer is designated as the OSD. The practice finds its origin in the British Raj when to be an officer on special duty was the status of honour. Officer on Special Duty Officer on Special Duty (abbreviated as OSD) is an officer in the South Asian civil service. Officer on Special Duty is an officer in the Indian civil service of the status between a secretary and an undersecretary in the Government of India. The practice dates back to the British colonial rule in India, and was explained to the Central Legislative

neg: Indian Civil Accounts Service 'C' & 'D' staff of various Civil Accounts Units. However, a combined seniority list of all the employees within these grades is maintained by the Controller General of Accounts for effecting promotions. Indian Civil Accounts Service The Indian Civil Accounts Service(ICAS)(Hindi: भारतीय सिविल लेखा सेवा "Bharatiya Civil Lekha Seva" ) is one of the Civil Services of India ("Group A"). ICAS functions under the Department of Expenditure in the Union Ministry of Finance. The service was created consequent to the Departmentalisation in 1976 with the purpose of separating Auditing and Accounting functions of the Union Government. The initial intake into

neg: Indian Police Service senior officers of the police. The Bureau of police Research and Development is responsible for research and development of the police force in India. In 1861, the British Government introduced the "Indian Councils Act, 1861". The act created the foundation of a modern and professionalised police bureaucracy in India. It introduced, a new cadre of police, called Superior Police Services, later known as the Indian Imperial Police. The highest rank in the service was the inspector general for each province. The rank of inspector general was equated and ranked with brigadier, and similar ranks in the Indian Armed Forces, as

neg: Civil Services of India century, Indian civil servants have been colloquially called "babus", while Indian bureaucracy is called "babudom", as in the "rule of babus", especially in Indian media. Ministry of Personnel, Public Grievances and Pensions located in New Delhi is unofficially the "Ministry of Civil Services" in India. The Ministry is responsible for training, reforms and pension for the civil service system in India. The constitution under Article 312 provides for All India Civil Services branches to be set up by giving the power to the Rajya Sabha (upper house of the Parliament of India) to resolve by a two-thirds majority to establish

neg: Indian Administrative Service they were working in foreign countries for companies such as Microsoft for more lucrative pay. "The Asian Age" later reported that the services of three of the twelve officers were likely to be terminated due to "prolonged absence from service". Indian Administrative Service The Indian Administrative Service (IAST: ), often abbreviated to I.A.S., or simply IAS, is the administrative arm of the All India Services. Considered the premier civil service of India, the IAS is one of the three arms of the All India Services along with the Indian Police Service (IPS) and the Indian Forest Service (IFS). Members of

neg: Indian Defence Estates Service Indian Defence Estates Service The Indian Defence Estates Service (abbreviated as IDES) ( is Civil Service in the Government of India. Its Cadre Controlling Authority (CCA) is the Ministry of Defence. Civil Services Examination conducted every year by Union Public Service Commission provides a gateway for entry into this service. The Service traces its origin to 16 December 1926 and has been constantly evolving since then. The service was initially known as the Military Lands and Cantonment Service (1926-1983), and then Defence Lands and Cantonment Service (1983-1985). In 1985, it was renamed as the Indian Defence Estates Service. The service

neg: Syed Mahmood India, Mahmood enrolled as a barrister in the High Court in Allahabad in 1872, the first Indian to achieve that distinction in that court. He worked as a barrister in Allahabad until 1878. The following year he was appointed as a District and Sessions Judge in Oudh by the Viceroy of India, Lord Lytton. This was his substantive appointment in the Indian Civil Service until 1887 when he was appointed Puisne Judge of the High Court at Allahabad, though this service was interrupted several times with temporary appointments as officiating judge at the High Court. He also was seconded briefly

neg: Archie Loyd Archie Loyd Archie Kirkman Loyd KC (22 January 1847 – 1 December 1922) was a British barrister and twice Member of Parliament for Abingdon. Loyd was born on 22 January 1847 in Agra in the North-Western Provinces of India, the third son of Thomas Kirkman Loyd and Annie Hirst Loyd (née Haig). He was educated at Brighton College then as a pupil of Walter Wren, he took the open competition for the Indian Civil Service and later won prizes for English Law and Hindi. He resigned for the Indian Civil Service in 1868 when he was called to the bar

neg: Alvin Robert Cornelius graduated with LLM in Law and Justice and submitted his fundamental thesis on Western law. After reluctantly returning to India, Cornelius took the entrance exam and was commissioned as an officer at the Indian Civil Service, joining the Department of Law of the Government of Punjab. He joined the Indian Civil Service in 1926. He served in Punjab, where he held the positions of Assistant Commissioner and District and Sessions Judge till 1943 when he joined Law Department of Government of Punjab as Legal Remembrancer. In 1946 Mr. Cornelius was elevated to the Bench of Lahore High Court. Cornelius was

neg: James Duncan Sim James Duncan Sim James Duncan Sim (c. 1823 – 4 January 1888) was a British civil servant of the Indian civil service who served as a member of the Madras Legislative Council from March 1870 to March 1875. Sim was born in 1823 to General Duncan Sim and was educated at Haileybury. On graduating in 1841, Sim wrote the Indian civil service examinations and qualified for the Indian civil service. Sim went to Madras, India in 1842 and served as Secretary to the Board of Revenue and Revenue Secretary to the Madras government. He was nominated to the Madras Legislative

neg: Behari Lal Gupta third Indian to join the Indian Civil Service in 1869 coming out to India in 1871. He belonged to the famous batch of 1869 which produced four Indians in the Indian Civil Service, including R.C. Dutt, himself, Surendranath Banerjee and Sripad Babaji Thakur. He held Degrees of Honour in Sanskrit and Persian. He was also called to the Bar by the Honourable Society of Middle Temple on 6 June 1871. He was a member of the Brahmo Sammilan Samaj in Bhowanipore, Calcutta. His career in the civil service was distinguished: he became the first Indian Chief Presidency Magistrate and Coroner

neg: H. D. Phillips H. D. Phillips Henry Dominic Phillips (died 1892) was a British civil servant of the Indian civil service who served as an official member of the Madras Legislative Council from 1863 to 1868. He took his seat in December 1864. Phillips had his initial education in the United Kingdom and qualified for the Indian civil service in 1829. He joined the Indian civil service the same year and served from 1829 to 1869. In 1841 Phillips was appointed a senior merchant of the East India Company. He was appointed a puisne judge of the Sadr Faujdari Adalat in Madras, in

neg: Ministry of Communications and Information Technology (India) Ministry of Communications and Information Technology (India) The Ministry of Communication and Information Technology was an Indian government ministry. It was bifurcated into Ministry of Communications and Ministry of Electronics and Information Technology in July 2016. It contained three departments viz. Department of Telecommunications, Department of Electronics and Information Technology (DeitY) and Department of Posts. The following cadre controlling authority of the Civil Services (including Indian Telecommunication Service, Indian Postal Service, Indian Radio Regulatory Service, Telegraph Traffic Service, Indian Post & Telegraph Building Works Services and Indian Posts and Telegraphs Accounts and Finance Service) are under the administration and supervision

neg: Indian Ordnance Factories Service Indian Ordnance Factories Service The Indian Ordnance Factories Service (IOFS) is a civil service of the Government of India. IOFS officers are Gazetted (Group A) defence-civilian officers under the Ministry of Defence. They are responsible for the management of the Indian Ordnance Factories, which provide the defence production capabilities of India. During the colonial times, the administrative service of Ordnance was known as the Indian Ordnance Service. It was constituted in the year 1935. It had only European officers in the years that followed. They were engineering graduates or military officers who had to undergo specialised training prior joining the

neg: Sidney Kilner Levett-Yeats his brother, G.A. Levett-Yeats began his career in the Indian civil service, in his case as "sub-deputy opium inspector" in the "Opium Department" in Bengal. G.A. Levett-Yeats' own book about India of 1898 carried the title: "India: In the Land of the White Poppy". His other book about India was called "My Indian Garden". Sidney Levett-Yeats' career began as a soldier in the Brithis Indian Army, where he served as Lieutenant in the Punjab Light Horse. He later entered the British government civil service in the Punjab, where he began writing fiction on the side. His title within Her Majesty's

neg: Indian Salt Service Indian Salt Service Indian Salt Service is a Central Civil Service of the Government of India. Under the administrative control of the Ministry of Commerce and Industry, it is one of the smallest Central services under the Government of India. The organized and uniform collection of tax revenue on salt in British India began under the British Raj. Both before and after that, various native rulers of the Indian Princely states (outside British India proper) collected such revenue in accordance with their own revenue and administrative requirements and resources. In 1856, the government appointed the young William Chichele Plowden, Secretary

neg: Indian Revenue Service (Custom & Indirect Taxes) Indian Revenue Service (Custom & Indirect Taxes) The Indian Revenue Service (Custom & Indirect Taxes) (IAST: ), often abbreviated to I.R.S. (C&I.T.), or simply IRS C&IT, is the administrative revenue service of the Government of India. A Central Service, it functions under the Department of Revenue of the Ministry of Finance and is under the administrative direction of the Revenue Secretary and the ministerial command of the Minister of Finance. The IRS is primarily responsible for collecting and administering indirect taxes accruing to the Government of India. It is one of the largest civil service amongst the organised civil services

neg: Goa Public Service Commission Union territory in 1962, the Union Public Service Commission was responsible for civil service recruitment and other service-related matters. When Goa became a State of India in 1987, it became entitled to have its own Public Service Commission. The Goa Public Service Commission was set up on 30 May 1988. The first chairman was J.C. Alemeida. Goa Public Service Commission The Goa Public Service Commission is a constitutional body of the government of the Indian state of Goa, with responsibility for selection and examination of civil service employees. The Government of Goa is required to consult it on matters relating

neg: Indian Police Service Limited Competitive Examination Indian Police Service Limited Competitive Examination To face the shortage of Indian Police Service officers in India as a result the high attrition in the Indian Police Service, the Ministry of Home Affairs proposed the formation of Indian Police Service Limited Competitive Examination to be conducted by UPSC. IPS Limited Competitive Examination was held for the first time in 2012. This is in addition to the Civil Services Examination conducted by UPSC itself, for recruitment to the various civil services including Indian Police Service.The Central Administrative Tribunal(CAT) has struck down the examination following the challenge by some state cadre police

neg: Minoo Masani He began practice as an advocate at the Bombay High Court in 1929 before joining the Indian independence movement the following year, during the civil disobedience campaign. He was arrested several times by British for his participation in the movement. He was in the Nashik jail in 1930, when Jayaprakash Narayan came in contact with him and together they launched the Congress Socialist Party in 1934. Masani was a close friend of Jawaharlal Nehru. He served as a member of the Constituent Assembly of India, representing the Indian National Congress. He introduced the proposal for a uniform civil code to

neg: Prime Minister of India decides the posting of Indian Police Service officers—the All India Service for policing, which staffs most of the higher level law enforcement positions at federal and state level—in the Government of India. Also, as the Minister of Personnel, Public Grievances and Pensions, the PM also exercises control over the Indian Administrative Service (IAS), the country's premier civil service, which staffs most of the senior civil service positions; the Public Enterprises Selection Board (PESB); and the Central Bureau of Investigation (CBI), except for the selection of its director, who is chosen by a committee of: (a) the prime minister, as chairperson;

neg: Indian Foreign Service for inclusion into the IFS (A) and filter out the incapable ones. 25. http://www.indianembassy.ru/index.php/home/departments-officers Indian Foreign Service The Indian Foreign Service is the administrative diplomatic civil service under Group A and Group B of the Central Civil Services of the executive branch of the Government of India. It is considered to be one of the two premier Civil Services (the other being the IAS), as appointment to IFS renders a person ineligible to reappear in Civil Services Examination. It is a Central Civil service as Foreign policy is the subject matter and prerogative of Union Government. The Ambassador, High Commissioner,

neg: Indian Revenue Service body under the "Central Board of Revenue Act, 1963". With the passing of the "Government of India Act, 1919" the civil services—under the oversight of the Secretary of State for India—were split into two arms, the All India Services and the Central Services. Apart from the Central Secretariat, the more important of these latter were the Railway Services, the Indian Posts and Telegraph Service, and the Imperial Customs Service. After Independence, the Imperial Customs Service was reconstituted as the Indian Revenue Service (Customs and Central Excise) in 1953. The nature of the service underwent a transformational change with the enactment

neg: C. K. Rhodes C. K. Rhodes Charles Kenneth Rhodes CIE ICS (5 May 1889 – 6 January 1941) was a British civil servant who worked for the British Empire's Indian Civil Service (ICS). Rhodes was the only son of William Manfield Rhodes and Mary Eleanor Parish, was born on 5 May 1889, Guildford, Surrey, England. He was educated at Charterhouse, and Brasenose College, Oxford. While at Oxford, he was awarded a Blue for golf. After university he sought a position in the Indian Civil Service, gaining acceptance on 13 October 1913. He transferred to then British India, residing at Shillong, Assam, India. A

neg: Civil Services of India and Central Services (Group A) were designated as Central Superior Services as early as 1924. From 1924 to 1934, Administration in India consisted of 10 All India Services and 5 central departments, all under the control of Secretary of State for India, and 3 central departments under joint Provincial and Imperial Control. The present modern civil service was formed after the partition of India in 1947. It was Sardar Patel's vision that the Civil Service should strengthen cohesion and national unity. The values of integrity, impartiality and merit remain the guiding principles of Indian civil services. By the early 21st

neg: Pran Nath Luthra Pran Nath Luthra Pran Nath Luthra (1917–2000) was an Indian civil service officer and writer, best known for his services for the rehabilitation of the refugees in the Northeast India and his writings on his days of service. He was an adviser to the Governor of Assam and an additional secretary at the Ministry of Labour and Rehabilitation of the Government of West Bengal. The Government of India awarded him the Padma Bhushan, the third highest civilian award, in 1972. Pran Luthra was born in 1917. He joined the Indian Army in 1939 and became a lieutenant colonel when he

neg: H. H. Burkitt H. H. Burkitt Harold Hamilton Burkitt (22 October 1876 – 2 May 1961) was an Irish civil servant of the Indian civil service. Burkitt Road in the neighbourhood of T. Nagar in Chennai is named after him. Burkitt was born in Glenties, County Donegal to Emma Eliza Parsons Burkitt and Thomas Henry Burkitt. He was educated at Galway Grammar School and Dublin University. He passed the Indian civil service examinations held in 1899 and arrived in India on 3 December 1900. In India, Burkitt served as Assistant Collector and magistrate in the Madras Presidency for sometime before being appointed British

neg: Indian Railway Traffic Service tough post. Indian Railway Traffic Service The Indian Railway Traffic Service (Hindi: भारतीय रेल यातायात सेवा), abbreviated as IRTS is a Group 'A' Central Civil Service (cadre) of the Government of India. IRTS in its present form was reconstituted in 1967. The IRTS Cadre functions under the Administrative Control of the Ministry of Railways, Government of India. The officers of this service are responsible for administering Railway Transport in the country. On one hand, IRTS officers co-ordinate among various technical departments of the Indian Railways, while on the other hand, they form the public interface of the Indian Railways. Colloquially

neg: Indian Railway Traffic Service Indian Railway Traffic Service The Indian Railway Traffic Service (Hindi: भारतीय रेल यातायात सेवा), abbreviated as IRTS is a Group 'A' Central Civil Service (cadre) of the Government of India. IRTS in its present form was reconstituted in 1967. The IRTS Cadre functions under the Administrative Control of the Ministry of Railways, Government of India. The officers of this service are responsible for administering Railway Transport in the country. On one hand, IRTS officers co-ordinate among various technical departments of the Indian Railways, while on the other hand, they form the public interface of the Indian Railways. Colloquially called Traffic

neg: Frederick Price (civil servant) to a Knight Commander of the Order of the Star of India in the 1898 New Year Honours. Frederick Price (civil servant) Sir John Frederick Price (3 October 1839 – 12 June 1927) was an Indian civil servant and translator who served as a member of the Madras Legislative Council. Price was born to John Price on October 3, 1839. He had his education at Melbourne University and qualified for the Indian civil service. Price joined the Indian civil service in 1862 and served till 1897. He also served as Chief Secretary of the Government of Madras. He was made

neg: Frederick Price (civil servant) Frederick Price (civil servant) Sir John Frederick Price (3 October 1839 – 12 June 1927) was an Indian civil servant and translator who served as a member of the Madras Legislative Council. Price was born to John Price on October 3, 1839. He had his education at Melbourne University and qualified for the Indian civil service. Price joined the Indian civil service in 1862 and served till 1897. He also served as Chief Secretary of the Government of Madras. He was made a Companion of the Order of the Star of India in the 1893 New Year Honours, and upgraded

neg: Institutional racism Tamils were deported back to India. It wasn't until 2003, 55 years after independence, that all Indian Tamils living in Sri Lanka were granted citizenship but by this time they only made up 5% of the island's population. In 1956 the Ceylon government introduced the Sinhala Only Act, replacing English with Sinhala as the official language of Ceylon. The Act was a deliberate attempt to correct the perceived disproportionately high number of Sri Lankan Tamils working in the Ceylon Civil Service and other public services. However, the Tamil language speaking minorities of the Ceylon (Sri Lankan Tamils, Indian Tamils and

neg: Francis Loraine Petre Society, a group of civil servants and military men who had served in the Far East and India, and of which he was a member of the governing council. In 1901, he presented a paper, "The Indian Sectarists and their Relation to the Administration", which was published in the Imperial and Asiatic Quarterly Review. In 1907, during the civil turmoil in India, he wrote to the editor of "The Times" (London) to clarify the problems faced by local police forces in maintaining civil order in the Indian Provinces. On his retirement from the Indian Civil Service, his interest in the

neg: Perin Captain a number of councils of the Indian National Congress. She was the first woman president of Bombay Provincial Congress Committee, when she got elected to the post in 1930. She participated in the Civil disobedience movement initiated by Mahatma Gandhi and was incarcerated, the first of the several imprisonments she endured during the Indian freedom movement. When Gandhi Seva Sena was reconstituted in the 1930s, she was made its honorary General Secretary, a post she held till her death in 1958. When the Government of India introduced the Padma civilian award system in 1954, Perin Captain was included in the

neg: A. D. Gorwala A. D. Gorwala Astad Dinshaw (A.D.) Gorwala CIE, ICS (1900 - ?) was an officer of the Indian Civil Service, and then publisher of "Opinion", a newsletter through which he doggedly opposed the Indian Emergency, which lasted from June 25, 1975, to March 21, 1977. A Parsi born in 1900, Gorwala entered the Indian Civil Service in 1924, sitting the exams in India. He was posted to several places during his service, including Sindh. As a Secretary to the Government of Bombay and its Director of Civil Supplies and Supply Commissioner, he was appointed a Companion of the Order of

neg: Ministry of Communications and Information Technology (India) of the Ministry of Communications and Information Technology. Following is the list of Ministers of Communications. Ministry of Communications and Information Technology (India) The Ministry of Communication and Information Technology was an Indian government ministry. It was bifurcated into Ministry of Communications and Ministry of Electronics and Information Technology in July 2016. It contained three departments viz. Department of Telecommunications, Department of Electronics and Information Technology (DeitY) and Department of Posts. The following cadre controlling authority of the Civil Services (including Indian Telecommunication Service, Indian Postal Service, Indian Radio Regulatory Service, Telegraph Traffic Service, Indian Post & Telegraph Building Works

neg: Indian Revenue Service (Custom & Indirect Taxes) formulation and enforcement of policy concerning the Goods and Services Tax, prevention of smuggling and administration of matters related to Customs and Narcotics. With the passing of the "Government of India Act, 1919" the civil services—under the oversight of the Secretary of State for India—were split into two arms, the All India Services and the Central Services. Apart from the Central Secretariat, the more important of these latter were the Railway Services, the Indian Posts and Telegraph Service, and the Imperial Customs Service. After Independence, the Imperial Customs Service was reconstituted as the Indian Revenue Service (Customs and Central Excise)

neg: Indian Salt Service for the same, collection of cess, fees and rents and the implementation of various schemes aimed at combating iodine deficiency and programs for promoting the growth of the salt industry in India. Indian Salt Service Indian Salt Service is a Central Civil Service of the Government of India. Under the administrative control of the Ministry of Commerce and Industry, it is one of the smallest Central services under the Government of India. The organized and uniform collection of tax revenue on salt in British India began under the British Raj. Both before and after that, various native rulers of the