query: who does the voice of steel in balto

pos: Balto (film) Balto (film) Balto is a 1995 American live-action/animated epic drama adventure film directed by Simon Wells, produced by Amblin Entertainment and distributed by Universal Pictures. The film is loosely based on a true story about the dog of the same name who helped save children from the diphtheria epidemic in the 1925 serum run to Nome. The film stars Kevin Bacon, Bridget Fonda, Jim Cummings, Phil Collins (in a dual role) and Bob Hoskins, with Miriam Margoyles in the live-action sequences. The live-action portions of the film were shot in New York City's Central Park. The film was the third

pos: Jim Cummings Jim Cummings James Jonah Cummings (born November 3, 1952) is an American voice actor and singer, who has appeared in almost 400 roles. He is known for voicing the title character from "Darkwing Duck", Dr. Robotnik from "Sonic the Hedgehog", Pete, Winnie the Pooh, Tigger, Bonkers D. Bobcat and the Tasmanian Devil. He has performed in numerous Disney and DreamWorks animations including "Aladdin", "The Lion King", "Balto", "Antz", "The Road to El Dorado", "Shrek", and "The Princess and the Frog". He has also provided voice-over work for video games, such as "Icewind Dale", "Fallout", "", "Baldur's Gate", "Mass Effect 2",

pos: Balto (film) Balto (film) Balto is a 1995 American live-action/animated epic drama adventure film directed by Simon Wells, produced by Amblin Entertainment and distributed by Universal Pictures. The film is loosely based on a true story about the dog of the same name who helped save children from the diphtheria epidemic in the 1925 serum run to Nome. The film stars Kevin Bacon, Bridget Fonda, Jim Cummings, Phil Collins (in a dual role) and Bob Hoskins, with Miriam Margoyles in the live-action sequences. The live-action portions of the film were shot in New York City's Central Park. The film was the third

neg: Balto (film) criticized the film for its lackluster voice work, particularly from Bacon and its story. Balto: Original Motion Picture Soundtrack is the soundtrack of the film, composed by James Horner. Two direct-to-video sequels of the film followed, made by the Universal Cartoon Studios with their animation done overseas by the Taiwanese studio Wang Film Productions. Kevin Bacon, Bob Hoskins, Bridget Fonda, and Phil Collins didn't reprise their roles. The first, "," was released in 2002 and follows the adventures of one of Balto and Jenna's pups, Aleu, who sets off to discover her wolf heritage. The second, "Balto III: Wings of

neg: Balto II: Wolf Quest by the elderly Nava, the true leader of the pack, who welcomes Balto and Aleu. Nava announces to his pack that the wolf spirit Aniu has contacted him in "dream visions". Aniu has told him that the caribou herd they depend on during the winter has moved across the ocean and will not return, and that they will soon be led by a new leader, "the one who is wolf but does not know". Nava believes that Balto, who is half wolf himself, is the chosen one that Aniu was speaking of. However, Niju refuses to abandon his homeland, and

neg: Proto-Balto-Slavic language of the Proto-Slavic noun "*juxá" "soup" are listed instead. Nominals with mobile accent had in some cases an accented first syllable, in others an accented ending. Lithuanian distinguishes two accent paradigms of these nominals, depending on whether the root was acuted, as in the fixed paradigm, or not. In Proto-Slavic, the operation of Meillet's law converted acute roots to circumflexed in mobile nominals, so that the split found in Lithuanian does not occur. All nominals with mobile accentuation in Balto-Slavic belong to one accent paradigm in Slavic, "accent paradigm C". In the later Balto-Slavic languages, the acute articulation itself was

neg: Balto Balto Balto (1919 – March 14, 1933) was a Siberian husky and sled dog who led his team on the final leg of the 1925 serum run to Nome, in which diphtheria antitoxin was transported from Anchorage, Alaska, to Nenana, Alaska, by train and then to Nome by dog sled to combat an outbreak of the disease. Balto was named after the Sami explorer Samuel Balto. Balto rested at the Cleveland Zoo until his death on March 14, 1933 at the age of 14. After he died, his body was stuffed and kept in the Cleveland Museum of Natural History,

neg: Jack Angel also voiced Wet Suit on Sunbow's "" and several characters on "Dino-Riders". In 1995, he was the voice of Nikki in the animated film "Balto". He played the SWATbots on "Sonic the Hedgehog", The Liquidator on "Darkwing Duck", The Chief of Police in "Goof Troop", and Nick Fury on "Spider-Man: The Animated series". In 2001, Angel was the voice of "Teddy" in the movie "A.I. Artificial Intelligence". He provided voices for animated films such as "A Bug's Life", "Monsters, Inc.", "", "Cars", "Horton Hears a Who", "The Prince of Egypt", "The Iron Giant", and "Aladdin". Angel has also ventured into

neg: Aniu of an eye, usually with the appearance that she is vanishing into the wind or the fog. She also possesses the ability to shapeshift, having been seen to take the form of a raven and a vixen. Since Balto was separated from her at an early age, he has few memories of her, save that she "was white as snow" and had a warm voice that always made him feel safe. In addition to being Balto's mother, Aniu is apparently a guide to Nava, the elderly leader of the wolf pack Balto and Aleu meet in the movie. Aniu mated

neg: Balto (film) Balto sets out in search of the sled team, along with Boris, Muk and Luk. On the way, they are attacked by a huge grizzly bear, but Jenna, who followed their mark tracks, intervenes. The bear pursues Balto out onto a frozen lake, where it falls through the ice and drowns, while Muk and Luk dive in to save Balto from a similar fate. Jenna is injured in the bear fight and cannot continue. Balto instructs Boris and the polar bears to take her back home while he continues on alone; Jenna gives him her bandana and Boris gives him

neg: Balto (film) Change," was released in 2004. The storyline follows the same litter of pups from "Balto II" but focuses on Kodi as part of a U.S. Mail dog sled delivery team. Unlike the original, neither sequels took any historical references from the true story of Balto. Balto (film) Balto is a 1995 American live-action/animated epic drama adventure film directed by Simon Wells, produced by Amblin Entertainment and distributed by Universal Pictures. The film is loosely based on a true story about the dog of the same name who helped save children from the diphtheria epidemic in the 1925 serum run to

neg: Balto II: Wolf Quest Aleu is almost killed by a hunter who mistakes her for a wild wolf. Balto tells Aleu the truth about her wolf heritage, causing her to run away, hoping to find her place in the world. Balto then goes out into the Alaskan wilderness to find her. At the same time, Balto has been struggling with strange dreams of a raven and a pack of wolves, and he cannot understand their meaning. Balto resolves to find the meaning of these dreams as he searches for Aleu. His friends Boris, Muk and Luk attempt to join him, but after they are

neg: History of Proto-Slavic from) acute syllables, but not circumflex syllables. The nature of the "acute" feature itself is unclear; it has variously been reconstructed as additional vowel length, the presence of a glottal stop, creaky voice, etc. The acute feature is thought to stem largely either from PIE syllables containing a laryngeal consonant in the coda, or from vowels lengthened during Balto-Slavic times, e.g. through Winter's law. There is some dispute over whether all long vowels in early Balto-Slavic eventually developed an acute marking. The traditional theory holds this, suggesting that the acute vs. circumflex distinction was originally simply a length distinction in

neg: Balto (film) and final animated feature produced by Steven Spielberg's Amblimation animation studio. Spielberg, Kathleen Kennedy and Bonne Radford acted as executive producers on the film. Although the film's theatrical run was overshadowed by the success of the competing Disney•Pixar film "Toy Story," its subsequent strong sales on home video led to two direct-to-video sequels: "" (2002) and "Balto III: Wings of Change" (2005), though none of the voice cast reprised their roles. In New York City, an elderly woman, her granddaughter and her Siberian Husky, Blaze, are walking through Central Park, looking for a memorial statue. As they seat themselves for

neg: Samuel Balto from Nome, Alaska, to gold mining workers up the Yukon River valley in the central parts of Alaska. Eventually Samuel Balto became a gold miner at Nome, Alaska, during the Klondike Gold Rush. Balto staked three claims at a site which became known as Balto Creek. Samuel Johannesen Balto died in 1921 in Karasjok. Balto, the Alaskan sled dog made famous during the 1925 serum run to Nome, which transported diphtheria medication across the U.S. territory of Alaska to combat an epidemic, was named in memory of Samuel Balto. Samuel Balto Samuel Johannesen Balto (May 5, 1861 – 1921) was

neg: Christopher Knights times with another English cameraman and voice actor, Simon J. Smith. Christopher Knights Christopher Knights is an English voice actor, film editor and camera operator best known for providing the voice of Private the Penguin in "Madagascar". He worked on several DreamWorks films "Shrek", "Shrek 2", "Shrek the Third" and "Shrek 4-D." He started his filming career at Amblimation studios and worked on "We're Back! A Dinosaur's Story" and "Balto". When he joined DreamWorks he not only started his editing career but also his acting career. He worked on the "Shrek" series as an associate editor and voice of the

neg: Cyberman 2006 return of the Cybermen are similar to the buzzing electronic monotone voices of the Cybermen used in "The Invasion". They were provided by Nicholas Briggs. As shown in the second series of "Doctor Who Confidential", the timbre was created by processing Briggs' voice through a Moog moogerfooger ring modulator. Unusually, in "The Age of Steel", the Cyber-Controller (John Lumic, played by Roger Lloyd-Pack) retains his voice after being upgraded, but it is still electronic. In "Doomsday", a Cyberman which contains the brain of Torchwood Institute director Yvonne Hartman retains a female-sounding though still electronic voice, as does the partially

neg: Balto (film) the townspeople. He visits a cured Rosy, who thanks him for saving her life. Back in the present day, the elderly woman, her granddaughter and Blaze finally find Balto's memorial, and she explains the Iditarod trail covers the same path that Balto and his team took from Nenana to Nome. The woman is then revealed to be an older Rosy when she repeats the same line, "Thank you, Balto. I would have been lost without you," before walking off to join her granddaughter and Blaze. The film ends with the Balto statue standing proudly in the sunlight. The film was

neg: Samuel Balto Samuel Balto Samuel Johannesen Balto (May 5, 1861 – 1921) was a Norwegian–Sami explorer and adventurer. Balto skied with Fridtjof Nansen across Greenland in 1888–89. Samuel Johannesen Balto was born in Karasjok in Finnmark county, Norway. He had worked as a lumberjack, as well as in reindeer herding and fishing. In 1888, Balto was recruited by Fridtjof Nansen for Nansen's Trans-Greenland Expedition. Balto participated in the first recorded crossing of the interior of Greenland, together with Nansen and four other expedition members. Balto wrote his own book after the expedition: "Med Nansen over Grønlandsisen i 1888 – Min reise fra

neg: Balto Zoo (now the Cleveland Metroparks Zoo). After Balto died in 1933, his remains were mounted by a taxidermist, and donated to the Cleveland Museum of Natural History. In 1965 Carl Barks introduced a hero dog named "Barko" as a character in an Uncle Scrooge comic book, "North of the Yukon", as an homage to Balto. In 1998 the Alaska Legislature passed HJR 62- 'Bring Back Balto' resolution. The Cleveland Museum of Natural History declined to return Balto; however, in October 1998, Balto left for a five-month stay at the Anchorage Museum of History and Art which drew record crowds. Balto

neg: Robbie Rist Studios film "Balto". He was also the voice of Aaron in the PC game "Star Warped". An episode of "" titled "Baby Doll" contained a character called Cousin Spunky that was intended to boost sagging ratings of the fictional "Baby Doll" sitcom, a clear reference to Cousin Oliver (Rist lent his voice to the episode, but did not play Cousin Spunky; his character was an adult). Rist also voices characters Choji Akimichi from "Naruto", Itsuki "Iggy" Takeuchi from the Tokyopop dub of "Initial D", and Bud Bison from "Mega Man Star Force". Rist is currently the voice of Stuffy, Doc's

neg: Christopher Knights Christopher Knights Christopher Knights is an English voice actor, film editor and camera operator best known for providing the voice of Private the Penguin in "Madagascar". He worked on several DreamWorks films "Shrek", "Shrek 2", "Shrek the Third" and "Shrek 4-D." He started his filming career at Amblimation studios and worked on "We're Back! A Dinosaur's Story" and "Balto". When he joined DreamWorks he not only started his editing career but also his acting career. He worked on the "Shrek" series as an associate editor and voice of the Three Blind Mice and Thelonious, Lord Farquad's Henchman. He worked many

neg: Infinitive invariable. The modern Greek infinitive has only two forms according to voice: for example, "γράψει" for the active voice and "γραφ(τ)εί" for the passive voice (coming from the ancient passive aorist infinitive "γραφῆναι"). The infinitive in Russian usually ends in "-t’" (ть) preceded by a thematic vowel, or "-ti" (ти), if not preceded by one; some verbs have a stem ending in a consonant and change the "t" to "č’", like "*mogt’ → moč’" (*могть → мочь) "can". Some other Balto-Slavic languages have the infinitive typically ending in, for example, "-ć" (sometimes "-c") in Polish, "-t’" in Slovak, "-t" (formerly

neg: Balto of celebrating the triumph together as one huge team, many became jealous of the publicity Balto received, especially from President Calvin Coolidge and the press. Seppala favored Togo, but the general public loved the story behind Balto, and so they would take a far different path after the celebrations were over. Balto was not welcomed at the ceremony in New York in which Seppala and Togo received awards from the explorer Roald Amundsen. After the mission's success, Balto and Kaasen became celebrities. A statue of Balto, sculpted by Frederick Roth, was erected in New York City's Central Park on December

neg: Danny Mann Danny Mann Daniel "Danny" Mann (born July 28, 1951) is an American voice actor, writer, singer, musician and production manager best known for his voices of Hector in "Heathcliff and the Catillac Cats", Freeway, Cloudraker and Lightspeed in "Transformers", Backwoods Beagle in "DuckTales", Kaltag in "Balto", Ferdinand in "Babe" and Serge in the "Open Season" franchise. Mann, who grew up in Tennessee, has worked as a television writer for "America's Funniest... Part II", "Thicke of the Night" and "An Evening at the Improv". He also did several story material on "Oliver and Company" and worked as an ADR Loop Director

neg: Danny Mann on "Shrek 2" and "It's a Very Merry Muppet Christmas Movie". Mann also created the special vocal effects on the 1995 film "Born to Be Wild". He also sang the song "High Hopes" on the American detective series "Hudson Street". Danny Mann Daniel "Danny" Mann (born July 28, 1951) is an American voice actor, writer, singer, musician and production manager best known for his voices of Hector in "Heathcliff and the Catillac Cats", Freeway, Cloudraker and Lightspeed in "Transformers", Backwoods Beagle in "DuckTales", Kaltag in "Balto", Ferdinand in "Babe" and Serge in the "Open Season" franchise. Mann, who grew up

neg: Proto-Balto-Slavic language in the 1970s, is not generally accepted among linguists, and today only a small minority of linguists would consider it a reliable and self-supportive framework onto which to base modern Indo-European research. Also, there is a number of Balto-Slavic lexemes which point to acute accent but that are provably not of PIE laryngeal origin, and some of them were a result of apophonical lengthenings occurring only in Balto-Slavic period. Matasović (2008) lists the following scenario as the most probable origin of Balto-Slavic acute: Word-finally, "*m" became "*n" in Balto-Slavic. Final nasals are not directly preserved in most Balto-Slavic languages, however,

neg: Balto was part of another exhibit at the Anchorage Museum of History and Art in 2017. The 1995 animated film of the same name was also made, loosely depicting Balto's famous journey. This film portrayed him as a wolf-dog hybrid and is voiced by Kevin Bacon. Balto Balto (1919 – March 14, 1933) was a Siberian husky and sled dog who led his team on the final leg of the 1925 serum run to Nome, in which diphtheria antitoxin was transported from Anchorage, Alaska, to Nenana, Alaska, by train and then to Nome by dog sled to combat an outbreak of

neg: Balto bidder by the company who sponsored his tour. The dogs ended up chained in a small area in a novelty museum and freak show in Los Angeles. While visiting Los Angeles, George Kimble, a former prize fighter turned businessman from Cleveland, was shocked to discover the dogs were unhealthy and badly treated. Mr. Kimble worked together with the newspaper "The Plain Dealer" to bring Balto and his team to Cleveland, Ohio. On March 19, 1927, Balto and six companions were brought to Cleveland and given a hero's welcome in a triumphant parade. The dogs were then taken to the Brookside

neg: Proto-Balto-Slavic language Proto-Balto-Slavic language Proto-Balto-Slavic is a reconstructed proto-language descending from Proto-Indo-European (PIE). From Proto-Balto-Slavic, the later Balto-Slavic languages are thought to have developed, composed of sub-branches Baltic and Slavic, and including modern Latvian, Lithuanian, Polish, Ukrainian, Russian and Serbo-Croatian among others. Like most other proto-languages, it is not attested by any surviving texts but has been reconstructed using the comparative method. There are several isoglosses that Baltic and Slavic languages share in phonology, morphology and accentology, which represent common innovations from Proto-Indo-European times and can be chronologically arranged. Proto-Indo-European voiced aspirated stops lost their aspiration in Proto-Balto-Slavic. Stops were no longer

neg: 1925 serum run to Nome Nome". A statue of Balto by sculptor Frederick Roth was unveiled in New York City's Central Park during a visit on December 15, 1925. Balto and the other dogs later became part of a sideshow and lived in horrible conditions until they were rescued by George Kimble, who organized a fundraising campaign by the children of Cleveland, Ohio. On March 19, 1927, the dogs received a hero's welcome as they arrived at their permanent home at the Cleveland Zoo. Because of his age, Balto was euthanised on March 14, 1933, at the age of 14. He was mounted and placed

neg: Pedersen's law Pedersen's law Pedersen's law, named after the Danish linguist Holger Pedersen, is a law of accentuation in Balto-Slavic languages which states that the stress was retracted from stressed medial syllables in paradigms with mobile accent. It was originally proposed by Ferdinand de Saussure for Baltic to explain forms such as Lithuanian "dùkterį", "dùkteres" (cp. Ancient Greek "thugatéra", "thugatéres"), but was later generalized in 1933 to Balto-Slavic by Pedersen, who then assumed that accentual mobility spread from the consonant-stems to Balto-Slavic "eh₂"-stems and "o"-stems. The term "Pedersen's law" is also applied to later Common Slavic developments in which the stress retraction

neg: Balto (film) some advice. Balto, marking his path by clawing trees, eventually finds the team, but Steele, too arrogant to accept help, attacks him repeatedly until he loses his balance and falls off a cliff. Balto takes charge of the team, but Steele, refusing to concede defeat, destroys Balto's markings and they lose their way again. While attempting to save the medicine from falling down a cliff, Balto himself falls. Back in Nome, Jenna is explaining Balto's mission to the other dogs, but they don't believe her. When Steele returns, he claims the entire team, including Balto, is dead; he uses Jenna's

neg: Proto-Balto-Slavic language of the original PIE accent almost unchanged. However, by comparing the Balto-Slavic evidence, it was discovered that the PIE rules on accent alternations, devised on the basis of Vedic and Greek, do not match those found in Balto-Slavic. Moreover, nominals that belong to mobile paradigms in Balto-Slavic belong to declension classes that always had fixed accent in PIE paradigms: ā-stems and o-stems. For a long time, the exact relationships between the accentuation of nominals in Balto-Slavic and PIE was one of the most mysterious questions of Indo-European studies, and some parts of the puzzle are still missing. Research conducted by

neg: Proto-Balto-Slavic language by laryngeals do not show any different outcome from syllabic sonorants in other environments. Balto-Slavic shares that characteristic with Germanic but no other Indo-European languages, which show clearly distinct reflexes in this case. Compare: It appears, however, that laryngeals left traces in Balto-Slavic: they triggered the "acute" register on a preceding vowel or sonorant diphthong, as an articulatory "residue". While laryngeals were the most important source of the acute in Balto-Slavic, they were not the only source. The acute emerges in the following cases: The rules governing the emergence of the acute in Balto-Slavic seem complicated when they are formulated

neg: Proto-Balto-Slavic language onto the root in Balto Slavic in accordance with Hirt's law; such nominals also have fixed accent in Balto-Slavic. The origin of the Balto-Slavic nominals of the mobile paradigm has not been completely determined, with several proposed theories of origin. According to Illič-Svityč, they originate as an analogical development from fixed-accent PIE oxytones. That theory has been criticized as leaving unclear why PIE nominals with fixed accent on the ending would become mobile, as analogies usually lead to uniformity and regularity. According to Meillet and Stang, Balto-Slavic accentual mobility was inherited from PIE consonant and vowel-stems but not for o-stems,

neg: Balto II: Wolf Quest The raven appears to Balto again, and transforms into Aniu, revealing herself to be his mother before he begins to make his way home. Wolf Quest is one of the last movies Mary Kay Bergman contributed to before she committed suicide in November 1999. "Balto II: Wolf Quest" was nominated for an Annie Award in 2003 for "Outstanding Storyboarding in an Animated Television Production". Writer Dev Ross was awarded the Humanitas Prize in 2002 for her script in the Children's Animation category. Balto II: Wolf Quest Balto II: Wolf Quest is a 2002 American direct-to-video sequel to Universal Pictures/Amblin Entertainment's

neg: Balto II: Wolf Quest Balto II: Wolf Quest Balto II: Wolf Quest is a 2002 American direct-to-video sequel to Universal Pictures/Amblin Entertainment's 1995 Northern animated film "Balto". Balto and his mate Jenna have a new family of six puppies in Alaska. Five of their puppies look like their husky mother, while one pup named Aleu takes her looks from her wolfdog father. When they all reach eight weeks old, all of the other pups are adopted to new homes, but no one wants Aleu due to her wild animal looks, forcing her to live with her father. A year later when she is grown,

neg: Balto (film) bandana as supposed proof. Jenna sees through his lies and assures Balto will return with the medicine, but the others remain skeptical. Using a trick Balto showed her earlier, she places broken colored glass bottles on the outskirts of town and shines a lantern on them to simulate the lights of an aurora, hoping it will help guide Balto home. When Balto regains consciousness, he is ready to give up hope, but when a large, arctic wolf appears and he notices the medicine crate still intact nearby, he realizes that his part-wolf heritage is a strength, not a weakness and

neg: Proto-Balto-Slavic language noun instead. The shorter "-t" could come from either type. Austrian Balto-Slavist Georg Holzer has reconstructed a relative chronology of 50 Balto-Slavic sound changes, referring only to phonology, not to accentuation, from Proto-Balto-Slavic down to the modern daughter languages. However, only the first 12 are Common Balto-Slavic and so relevant for this article (only Winter's law is a unique common change): Winter's law caused lengthening of vowels if a plain voiced stop followed, and the new long vowels received the acute register. According to some analyses, the change occurred only if the stop was in syllable coda (the syllable ending

neg: Balto II: Wolf Quest leaving the pack leaderless. Nava cannot make the journey across the ice in his old age, and Balto tells Niju to go lead the clan. Niju refuses, too afraid to leave his home, and soon returns to the shore. Balto prepares to go to the pack, but Aleu realizes that her true place is to take leadership of the pack as Nava foretold. Balto and Aleu say goodbye to each other before Aleu rejoins the pack and takes over as leader. Back on shore, Nava bids farewell to Balto before going to look for Niju so they can survive together.

neg: Proto-Balto-Slavic language "*-m" to "*-n" had not taken place at an earlier stage, the phrase would have been "*śum eimis", which would have given "*sъ mimь" in OCS instead. The following changes to vowels in Proto-Balto-Slavic can be noted: The Proto-Indo-European accent was completely reworked in Balto-Slavic, with far-reaching consequences for accentual systems of the modern daughter languages. The development was conditioned by several delicate factors, such as the syllable length, presence of a laryngeal closing the syllable, and the position of PIE ictus. There is still no consensus among Balto-Slavists on the precise details of the development of Balto-Slavic accentual system.

neg: Proto-Balto-Slavic language /o/ and /a/ carried into the production of Proto-Balto-Slavic diphthongs. The diphthongs that contained the onglide /o/ in PIE consequently became diphthongs with the onglide /a/ in Proto-Balto-Slavic. Former /eu/ had become /jau/, so that no /eu/ diphthong existed anymore. Proto-Balto-Slavic also possessed sequences of a close vowel, followed by *l, *r, *m or *n: the "sonorant diphthongs". Their accents behaved like the other diphthongs rather than like vowel-consonant sequences. The accent of Balto-Slavic and its descendants is still a topic of active research, and there is still disagreement over the developments in many cases. The following gives only a

neg: Proto-Balto-Slavic language was retained and still productive in Proto-Balto-Slavic. It was preserved into early Slavic but was gradually replaced with an innovated aspectual distinction, with a variety of forms. Modern Bulgarian retained the aorist, however, alongside the innovated system, producing a four-way contrast. The Indo-European perfect/stative was falling out of use in Proto-Balto-Slavic and was likely already reduced to relics by Proto-Balto-Slavic times. It survives in Slavic only in the irregular Old Church Slavonic form "vědě" "I know" (< Balto-Slavic "*waidai" < PIE "*weyd-" "to see"), which preserves an irregular first-person singular ending, presumed to originate in the perfect. Proto-Indo-European did not

neg: Balto-Slavic languages words. These are either not found at all in other Indo-European languages (except when borrowed) or are inherited from Proto-Indo-European but have undergone identical changes in meaning when compared to other Indo-European languages. This indicates that the Baltic and Slavic languages share a period of common development, the Proto-Balto-Slavic language. Common Balto-Slavic innovations include several other changes, which are also shared by several other Indo-European branches. These are therefore not direct evidence for the existence of a common Balto-Slavic family, but they do corroborate it. Some examples of words shared among most or all Balto-Slavic languages: Despite lexical developments exclusive

neg: Balto the Topkok River. Balto was also able to stay on the trail in near whiteout conditions; Kaasen stated he could barely see his hand in front of his face. Balto's team did their leg of the run almost entirely in the dark. The final team and its sledder were asleep when Balto and Kaasen made it to the final stop, so Kaasen decided to continue on. At Nome, everybody wanted to thank Kaasen at first, but he suggested giving fame to Balto as well. Togo was the star dog for Leonhard Seppala even before the great 1925 Serum Run. Instead

neg: North of the Yukon who participated in the 1925 serum run to Nome. Barks had read an article about Balto in an issue of "National Geographic", and was inspired to create this character. The story starts with a photographer from "Jolt" magazine, wanting to do a picture story on Scrooge. Donald is partly to blame after he tries to convince Scrooge that if he does it, he will be paid fifty thousand dollars. Scrooge refuses, saying that if more people knew that he was the Richest Duck in the World, "every chisler from Cape Town to Nome would be waylaying me!" It is not

neg: Proto-Balto-Slavic language where they represent Balto-Slavic innovation. Vedic and Greek lost the accentual mobility in vowel stems, retaining it only in consonant stems. De Saussure explained it as a result of accent retraction in the medially stressed syllables of consonant-stems exhibiting the hysterokinetic paradigm, with vocalic stems subsequently imitating the new accentual patterns by analogy. According to Dybo the position of Balto-Slavic accent is determined by a formula from PIE tones according to the "valence theory" developed by the Moscow school, which presupposes lexical tone in PIE. Kortlandt up to 2006 supported the theory of Balto-Slavic losing PIE consonant-stem accentual mobility in

neg: Balto-Slavic languages Balto-Slavic languages The Balto-Slavic languages are a branch of the Indo-European family of languages. It traditionally comprises the Baltic and Slavic languages. Baltic and Slavic languages share several linguistic traits not found in any other Indo-European branch, which points to a period of common development. Most Indo-Europeanists classify Baltic and Slavic languages into a single branch, even though some details of the nature of their relationship remain in dispute in some circles, usually due to political controversies. Some linguists (Kortlandt, Derksen) however, have suggested that Balto-Slavic should be split into three equidistant groups: Eastern Baltic, Western Baltic (which is extinct)

neg: Proto-Balto-Slavic language "carw", Middle Breton "karo", Middle Cornish "carow"), which in turn is a regular reflex of PIE . PIE palatovelars could also depalatalize in Balto-Slavic. Several depalatalization rules for Balto-Slavic have been proposed. According to Matasović, the depalatalization of palatovelars occurred before sonorant followed by a back vowel: K' > K/_RV. That would explain Centum reflexes such as these ones: Another view is that satemization occurred in Baltic and Slavic independently after Slavic had split off. PIE "*s" was preserved in Balto-Slavic in most positions. According to the RUKI law, it became "*š" when it was preceded by "*r", "*u", "*k"

neg: 1925 serum run to Nome of the time thought that Balto was a more newsworthy name. The New York City Central Park statue of Balto was modeled after Balto, but shows him wearing Togo's colors (awards). The inscription reads, "Dedicated to the indomitable spirit of the sled dogs that relayed antitoxin 600 miles over rough ice, across treacherous waters, through arctic blizzards, from Nenana to the relief of stricken Nome." In the last years of his life Seppala was heartbroken by the way the credit had gone to Balto; in his mind Togo was the real hero of the serum race. According to the historian

neg: Proto-Indo-European accent most important evidence comes from Lithuanian, from Latvian (traditionally Lithuanian is thought as more relevant, but that role is being increasingly being taken over by Latvian), and from some Slavic languages, especially Western South Slavic languages and their archaic dialects. The Balto-Slavic accent is continued in the Proto-Slavic accent. Accentual alternations in inflectional paradigms (both verbal and nominal) are also retained in Balto-Slavic. It used to be held that Balto-Slavic has an innovative accentual system, but nowadays, according to some researchers, Balto-Slavic is taking a pivotal role in the reconstruction of the PIE accent (see below). Indirect traces of the

neg: Balto II: Wolf Quest takes control of the pack, and plots to steal from other animal clans in the area to survive the winter. Aleu has a "dream vision" of the caribou herd crossing a bridge made of ice floes. The next morning, Niju prepares to lead an attack on a clan of bears, but is stopped by Balto just as a large group of ice floes in the ocean come together to form a land bridge. Balto then leads the pack across the bridge until Nava falls behind. When Aleu attempts to help Nava, Niju attacks, and Balto doubles back to save them,

neg: Proto-Balto-Slavic language distinguished between fortis and aspirated but were voiceless and voiced. However, several new palatal (postalveolar) consonants had developed: *ś and *ź from earlier palatovelar plosives and *š from *s as a result of the Ruki sound law. Proto-Balto-Slavic preserved much of the late Proto-Indo-European vowel system. One noticeable difference between the two was the merging of earlier short and into . Earlier syllabic sonorants in PIE had been converted into liquid diphthongs by inserting *i or *u before the sonorant in Proto-Balto-Slavic. Proto-Balto-Slavic preserved most PIE diphthongs intact except for the short /o/ and /a/ merger. The merger of short

neg: History of Proto-Slavic The following table explains these differences: For consistency, all discussions of sounds up to (but not including) Middle Common Slavic use the common Balto-Slavic notation of vowels, while discussions of Middle and Late Common Slavic (the phonology and grammar sections) and later dialects use the Slavic notation. Other marks used within Balto-Slavic and Slavic linguistics are: For Middle and Late Common Slavic, the following marks are used to indicate prosodic distinctions, based on the standard notation in Serbo-Croatian: There are unfortunately multiple competing systems used to indicate prosody in different Balto-Slavic languages (see Proto-Balto-Slavic language#Notation for more details). The most

neg: Proto-Balto-Slavic language originally have an infinitive, but it did have several constructions that served as action nouns. Two of these, the "-tis" and "-tus" nouns, remained in use into Balto-Slavic and acquired verbal noun and infinitive-like functions. They were not fully integrated into the verb system by Balto-Slavic times, however, and the individual Balto-Slavic languages diverge on the details. In Slavic and the Eastern Baltic languages, the infinitive was formed from a case form of the "-tis" noun: Lithuanian "-ti", Latvian "-t", Proto-Slavic "*-ti". Old Prussian, however, has "-t" and "-twei" as infinitive endings, the latter of which comes from the "-tus"

neg: Balto-Slavic languages to Balto-Slavic and otherwise showing evidence for a stage of common development, there are considerable differences between the vocabularies of Baltic and Slavic. Rozwadowski noted that every semantic field contains core vocabulary that is etymologically different between the two branches. Andersen prefers a dialect continuum model where the northernmost dialects developed into Baltic, in turn, the southernmost dialects developed into Slavic (with Slavic later absorbing any intermediate idioms during its expansion.) Andersen thinks that different neighboring and substratum languages might have contributed to the differences in basic vocabulary. Balto-Slavic languages The Balto-Slavic languages are a branch of the Indo-European family

neg: Proto-Balto-Slavic language with that consonant). It operated while there was still a phonemic distinction between plain and aspirated voiced stops, which later merged. Consequently, the distinction between those two series has been indirectly preserved in Proto-Balto-Slavic by long acuted vowels. Furthermore, Winter's law took place before "*o" and "*a" merged, as it lengthened earlier "*o" to "*ōˀ" and "*a" to "āˀ". On the basis of relative chronology of sound changes, it has been ascertained that Winter's law acted rather late, after some other less prominent Balto-Slavic changes had occurred such as after the disappearance of laryngeals in prevocalic position. Compare: Proto-Balto-Slavic generally

neg: Winter's law law operated before PIE aspirated stops */bʰ/, */dʰ/, */gʰ/ merged with PIE plain voiced stops */b/, */d/, */g/ in Balto-Slavic. Secondarily, Winter's law is also supposed to show the difference between the reflexes of PIE *h₂e > */a/ and PIE */o/ which otherwise merged to */a/ in Balto-Slavic. When those vowels lengthen in accordance with Winter's law, old */a/ (< PIE *h₂e) has lengthened into Balto-Slavic */ā/ (which later gave Lithuanian /o/, Latvian /ā/, OCS /a/), and old */o/ has lengthened into Balto-Slavic */ō/ (which later gave Lithuanian and Latvian "uo", but OCS /a/). In later development, which represented Common

neg: Proto-Balto-Slavic language as the late-18th century. In 1802 the influential German scholar of Slavic languages and history August Ludwig von Schlözer described how his understanding of this relationship had changed over the years: whereas previously he had argued that the 'Latvian' or 'Old-Prussian' peoples spoke languages that belonged to the Slavic group, he had come to see them as an independent language family. It was formerly thought that Balto-Slavic split into two branches, Baltic and Slavic, which both developed as a single common language for some time afterwards. More recently, scholarship suggests that Baltic was not a single branch of Balto-Slavic. Proto-Balto-Slavic

neg: Balto (film) a rest, the grandmother tells a story about Nome, Alaska back in 1925, shifting the film from live-action to animation. Balto (Bacon), a wolfdog hybrid, lives on the outskirts of Nome with his adoptive father, a snow goose named Boris (Hoskins) and two polar bears, Muk and Luk (Collins). Being half-wolf, Balto is shunned by dogs and humans alike. His only friends in town are a red husky named Jenna (Fonda)-- whom Balto has a crush on-- and her owner, Rosy (Juliette Brewer). He is frequently challenged by the town's favorite sled dog, Steele (Cummings), a fierce and arrogant Alaskan

neg: Balto (film) drags the medicine back up the cliff to the waiting team. Using his advanced senses, Balto is able to filter out the false markers Steele created. After encountering further challenges and losing only one vial, Balto and the sled team finally make it back to Nome. As a result of Balto's return with the medicine, a pity-playing Steele is exposed as a liar and abandoned by the other dogs, ruining his reputation and presumably leading to him being permanently banned from the dog races. Reunited with Jenna, Boris, Muk and Luk, Balto earns respect from both the other dogs and

neg: Lech, Czech, and Rus Kurgan hypothesis, "the Indo-Europeans who remained after the migrations became speakers of Balto-Slavic". The most well-known version of the legend is seen to be somewhat Polocentric, as it mentions a national symbol (the white eagle) only for Lech and the Polish nation, while relegating the two other brothers Czech and Rus to secondary characters. Furthermore, this particular version does not address the origin of the South Slavonic peoples. The legend also attempts to explain the etymology of the ethnonyms: Lechia (another name for Poland including Silesia), the Czech lands (including Bohemia, Moravia, and also Silesia), and Rus'. Jan Kochanowski, a

neg: Proto-Balto-Slavic language nominals, and innovating everywhere else, but after 2006 maintains that the original PIE accentual mobility was preserved in Balto-Slavic in ā-stems (eh₂-stems), i-stems, u-stems and consonant-stems. The Balto-Slavic accentual system was further reworked during the Proto-Slavic and Common Slavic period (Dybo's law, Meillet's law, Ivšić's law, etc.), resulting in three Common Slavic accentual paradigms (conventionally indicated using the letters "A", "B", "C"), corresponding to four Lithuanian accentual paradigms (indicated with the numbers "1", "2", "3", "4") in a simple scheme: The simplest accentuation is that of nominals which were acuted on the root in Balto-Slavic. They remain accented on the

neg: History of Proto-Slavic culture. From here, various daughter dialects dispersed radially in several waves between 4400 and 3000 BC. The phonological changes which set Balto-Slavic apart from other Indo-European languages probably lasted from 3000 to 1000 BC, a period known as common "Proto-Balto-Slavic". links the earliest stages of Balto-Slavic development with the Middle Dnieper culture which connects the Corded Ware and Yamna cultures. Kurganists connect the latter two cultures with the so-called "Northwest (IE) group" and the Iranian-speaking steppe nomads, respectively. This fits with the linguistic evidence in that Balto-Slavic appears to have had close contacts with Indo-Iranian and Proto-Germanic. Scholars have proposed

neg: Balto-Slavic languages and Slavic. A Proto-Balto-Slavic language is reconstructable by the comparative method, descending from Proto-Indo-European by means of well-defined sound laws, and out of which modern Slavic and Baltic languages descended. One particularly innovative dialect separated from the Balto-Slavic dialect continuum and became ancestral to the Proto-Slavic language, from which all Slavic languages descended. The nature of the relationship of the Balto-Slavic languages has been the subject of much discussion from the very beginning of historical Indo-European linguistics as a scientific discipline. A few are more intent on explaining the similarities between the two groups not in terms of a linguistically

neg: Kat Steel Kat Steel Kat Steel (born May 19) is an American actress, voice actress, presenter and model. Steel was raised in West Bloomfield, Michigan, a township located among Detroit's northern suburbs in Oakland County. After graduating from Cranbrook Schools in Bloomfield Hills, Michigan, Steel received a bachelor's degree in psychology from Albion College. After moving to Los Angeles, Steel has worked as a video game voice actress, including as English voice of the "Street Fighter" character Ibuki, and on several independent films, local theater productions and web series, and co-hosted the Anime Expo Masquerade with fellow voice actors Kyle Hebert and

neg: Volga Finns been a member of the Volga-Finnic group. This view has been challenged by Eugene Helimski, who supposes that the Merya language was closer to the "northwest" group of Finno-Ugric (Balto-Finnic and Sami), and by Gábor Bereczki, who supposes that the Merya language was a part of the Balto-Finnic group. Some of the inhabitants of several districts of Kostroma and Yaroslavl present themselves as Meryan, although in recent censuses, they were registered as Russians. The modern Merya people have their own websites to show their flag, coat of arms and national anthem, participating in discussions on the subject in Finno-Ugric networks.

neg: Togo (dog) shoreline. They returned to shore to cross Little McKinley Mountain, climbing 5,000 feet (1,500 m). After descending to the next roadhouse in Golovin, Seppala passed the serum to Charlie Olsen, who in turn would pass it to Gunnar Kaasen and Balto. Katy Steinmetz in Time Magazine wrote that “the dog that often gets credit for eventually saving the town is Balto, but he just happened to run the last, 55-mile leg in the race. The sled dog who did the lion's share of the work was Togo. His journey, fraught with white-out storms, was the longest by 200 miles and

neg: Balto II: Wolf Quest halted by some unknown force, they realize that this journey is meant only for the father and daughter themselves. Taking refuge in a cave, Aleu meets the field mouse Muru, who explains that Aleu should not be ashamed of her lineage, which tells her what she is but not who she is. Muru reveals himself to be Aleu's spirit guide, and tells her to go on a journey of self-discovery. Balto and Aleu reunite and reconcile, and find their way to the ocean, where they are attacked by a group of starving wolves led by Niju. The confrontation is defused

neg: Baltic languages a common ancestor, Proto-Balto-Slavic. Later on, several lexical, phonological and morphological dialectisms developed, separating the various Balto-Slavic languages from each other. Although it is generally agreed that the Slavic languages developed from a single more-or-less unified dialect (Proto-Slavic) that split off from common Balto-Slavic, there is more disagreement about the relationship between the Baltic languages. The traditional view is that the Balto-Slavic languages split into two branches, Baltic and Slavic, with each branch developing as a single common language (Proto-Baltic and Proto-Slavic) for some time afterwards. Proto-Baltic is then thought to have split into East Baltic and West Baltic branches.

neg: The Belko Experiment kidnapping. Evan Smith (James Earl), Belko's head security guard, does not know who the new security guards are. Once the eightieth employee shows up, a voice on the intercom instructs the employees to kill two of their co-workers, or else there will be consequences. Several staff attempt to flee the building, but steel shutters seal off the walls and doors, locking them all in. They ignore the announcement at first, believing it to be a prank, but after the set time and the two were not killed; four employees die when explosives hidden in their trackers detonate and blow their

neg: Telecommunications relay service typed messages, and then the HCO users picks up the handset and listens to the other voice user's response. There are many variations of HCO, including two-line HCO and HCO with privacy. The operator will not hear the voice user's voiced messages and the voice user does not need to voice GA. The operator will voice for the person who is Speech-Disabled, and the person who is Speech–Disabled must give the GA each time to alert the operator it is the voice user's turn. The voice user does not need to voice GA, because the HCO user can hear when

neg: Drużno was ruled by a king. The passage does not pinpoint Truso as being in Weonodland or Eastland and does not say if they are Estonians. By Ptolemy's time the Proto-Balto-Slavic language had divided into Proto-Baltic and Proto-Slavic, perhaps even into dialects. As the greater Venedi and the Weonods cannot have spoken the same language the name must once have applied to both Balts and Slavs (unless Ptolemy was wrong). Each were on a different bank of the Vistula, Ptolemy's border between Greater Germany and European Sarmatia. On the left bank Ptolemy lists only peoples he considers Germans. There is no

neg: Hirt's law glottalic feature of PIE voiced stops who dissolved into laryngeal and buccal part with the reflexes of the original PIE laryngeals), because the stress was not retracted in e.g. * (Ancient Greek "tanaós", Sanskrit "tanú") "thin" > Latvian "tiêvs", and also older than the loss of syllabic sonorants in Balto-Slavic, as can be seen from the abovementioned reflexes of PIE *, and also in e.g. PIE * "long" (compare Sanskrit "dīrghá", Ancient Greek "dolikhós") > Lithuanian "ìlgas", Latvian "il̃gs", Croatian/Serbian "dȕg". It follows from the above that Hirt's law must have preceded Winter's law, but was necessarily posterior to Balto-Slavic

neg: Kat Steel Matthew Mercer in 2010. She also cosplays and works as a model. Kat Steel Kat Steel (born May 19) is an American actress, voice actress, presenter and model. Steel was raised in West Bloomfield, Michigan, a township located among Detroit's northern suburbs in Oakland County. After graduating from Cranbrook Schools in Bloomfield Hills, Michigan, Steel received a bachelor's degree in psychology from Albion College. After moving to Los Angeles, Steel has worked as a video game voice actress, including as English voice of the "Street Fighter" character Ibuki, and on several independent films, local theater productions and web series, and

neg: History of Proto-Slavic periphery of the Proto-Balto-Slavic continuum. The most archaic Slavic hydronyms are found here, along the middle Dnieper, Pripet and upper Dniester rivers. This agrees well with the fact that inherited Common Slavic vocabulary does not include detailed terminology for physical surface features peculiar of the mountains or the steppe, nor any relating to the sea, to coastal features, littoral flora or fauna, or salt water fishes. On the other hand, it does include well-developed terminology for inland bodies of water (lakes, river, swamps) and kinds of forest (deciduous and coniferous), for the trees, plants, animals and birds indigenous to the

neg: Siberian Husky the Chukchi were thought to have gone extinct, but Benedict Allen, writing for "Geographical" magazine in 2006 after visiting the region, reported their survival. His description of the breeding practiced by the Chukchi mentions selection for obedience, endurance, amiable disposition, and sizing that enabled families to support them without undue difficulty. Siberians gained in popularity with the story of the "Great Race of Mercy," the 1925 serum run to Nome, featuring Balto and Togo. Although Balto is considered the more famous, being the dog that delivered the serum to Nome after running the final 53-mile leg, it was Togo who

neg: Aniu are never mentioned by name, nor do they speak throughout the film, and appears to only be a mysterious figure who comes to Balto in his times of need to give him spiritual support and encouragement. It is hinted that they may be a spirit guide instead of a living wolf, though this is never directly made clear. It becomes much more evident in the second film that the White Wolf, now named Aniu, is indeed a spirit and not a living wolf. She is known to have taken two forms along the way to help both Balto and Aleu:

neg: Smith & Wesson Model 2 majority were produced with -inch or 4-inch barrels, although barrels as long as 7 inches were sold. Serial numbers range from 1 through to 25,548 between 1876 and 1877. This pistol was used by the Baltimore Police Department from 1876 to 1917 and such revolvers are marked "City of Balto". The second model of the 38 Single Action used a shorter and more efficient ejection and extraction system and lack the shroud of the 1st model. It was produced in blued steel and nickel-plated versions, with most models having a -inch or -inch barrel. Rare versions had barrels of 6,

neg: Transformers: Revenge of the Fallen (video game) counterpart with a few exceptions. Hugo Weaving, who voices Megatron in the live action films, does not voice Megatron in the game. Instead Frank Welker, who voiced Megatron in "The Transformers" animated series returns to voice the character. Devastator, who was voiced by Welker in the film, is voiced by Fred Tatasciore in the game. The game features Neil Kaplan, the voice of Optimus Prime in the series "". Kaplan does not voice Prime, but instead voices the character Long Haul as well as additional minor characters. Electronic rock band Julien-K, who contributed one track to the first movie's ,

neg: Bridget Fonda Bridget Fonda Bridget Jane Fonda (born January 27, 1964) is a retired American actress. She is known for her roles in "The Godfather Part III" (1990), "Single White Female" (1992), "Singles (1992 film)" (1992), "Point of No Return" (1993), "It Could Happen to You" (1994), and "Jackie Brown" (1997). She is the daughter of Peter Fonda, niece of Jane Fonda and granddaughter of Henry Fonda. Fonda was nominated for a Golden Globe Award for Best Supporting Actress for playing Mandy Rice-Davies in the 1989 film "Scandal" and provided the voice for Jenna in the 1995 animated feature film "Balto". She

neg: Winter's law Winter's law Winter's law, named after Werner Winter, who postulated it in 1978, is a proposed sound law operating on Balto-Slavic short vowels */e/, */o/, */a/ (< PIE *h₂e), */i/ and */u/ according to which they lengthen before unaspirated voiced stops, and that syllable gains rising, acute accent. Compare; Winter's law is supposed to show the difference between the reflexes of PIE */b/, */d/, */g/, */gʷ/ in Balto-Slavic (in front of which Winter's law operates in closed syllable) and PIE */bʰ/, */dʰ/, */gʰ/, */gʷʰ/ (before which there is no effect of Winter's law). That shows that in relative chronology, Winter's

neg: Mineshaft (horse) the $500,000 Grade II New Orleans Handicap at nine furlongs in 1:48.9, by 3 lengths before shipping to Kentucky to win the $100,000 Grade III Ben Ali Stakes at Keeneland by nine lengths in a time of 1:48.52. Then Mineshaft ran in the $600,000 Grade I Pimlico Special Handicap at "Old Hilltop" in Baltimore, Maryland. A field of nine faced 6-5 favorite Mineshaft and Triple Crown veteran Balto Star, who was sent off at 4-1. When the gate opened, Balto Star was sent to the front and led the field through the first half mile, setting fractions of 23.1 and

neg: Meillet's law Meillet's law Meillet's law is a Common Slavic accent law, named after the French Indo-Europeanist Antoine Meillet, who discovered it. According to the law, Slavic words have a circumflex on the root vowel (i.e., the first syllable of a word) with a Balto-Slavic acute if that word had a mobile accent paradigm in Proto-Slavic and Proto-Balto-Slavic. Compare: Meillet's law should most probably be interpreted as polarization of accentual mobility in Slavic, due to which accent in the words with mobile accentuation had to be on the first "mora", instead on the first syllable (in places in paradigm with initial accent).

neg: Glottalic theory of the attested dialects were derived from a parent language in the above form. If the parent language had a typologically unusual system like the traditional , it might be expected to collapse into more typical systems, possibly with different solutions in the various daughter languages, which is what one finds. For example, Indo-Aryan added an unvoiced aspirate series () and gained an element of symmetry; Greek and Italic devoiced the murmured series to a more common aspirate series ( to ); Iranian, Celtic and Balto-Slavic deaspirated the murmured series to modal voice ( to ) and Germanic and Armenian

neg: Meillet's law This is the reason in the words belonging to mobile paradigms in Slavic accent shifts from the first syllable to the proclitic, e.g. Russian accusative singular of mobile-paradigm "gólovu", but "ná golovu" 'on the head', Serbo-Croatian "glȃvu", but "nȁ glāvu". Meillet's law Meillet's law is a Common Slavic accent law, named after the French Indo-Europeanist Antoine Meillet, who discovered it. According to the law, Slavic words have a circumflex on the root vowel (i.e., the first syllable of a word) with a Balto-Slavic acute if that word had a mobile accent paradigm in Proto-Slavic and Proto-Balto-Slavic. Compare: Meillet's law should

neg: Robbie Rist Robbie Rist Robert Anthony "Robbie" Rist (born April 4, 1964) is an American actor, voice actor, singer, and musician. He is known for playing Cousin Oliver in "The Brady Bunch" and Martin in "Grady", and also for voicing assorted characters in television shows, games and movies, including Stuffy, the overly-proud stuffed dragon in "Doc McStuffins"; Whiz in "Kidd Video"; Star in "Balto"; Maroda in "Final Fantasy X"; Chōji Akimichi in "Naruto"; and Michelangelo in the 1990 film "Teenage Mutant Ninja Turtles". Additionally, he and director Anthony C. Ferrante provided music for the "Sharknado" film and the theme song for the

neg: Sled dog bred Balto. In 1925, ten months after Balto completed his run, a bronze statue was erected in his honour in Central Park near the Tisch Children's Zoo. The statue was sculpted by Frederick George Richard Roth. Children frequently climb the statue to pretend to ride on the dog. The plaque at the base of the statue reads "Endurance · Fidelity · Intelligence". Balto's body was stuffed following his death in 1933, and is on display at the Cleveland Museum of Natural History. In 1995, a Universal Pictures movie based on his life, "Balto", was released. Roger Ebert gave it three

neg: Aniu The pack of wolves that Aleu and Balto meet refer to Aniu as a legendary figure. At the very end of the film, Aniu is revealed to be Balto's spirit guide and mother. Aniu The White Wolf or Aniu is a fictional character in Universal Studios' 1995 animated film "Balto" and its straight-to-video sequel, "". She is Balto's mother according to the sequel. The White Wolf first appeared in "Balto", serving to remind him of his wolf heritage after he had fallen down a cliff and given up all hope. They remained totally unidentified until "", where they were given

neg: Isogloss "tremble (inwardly)" became Latin cupiō" "desire" and "hundred" became Latin centum" (pronounced [kentum]); but "interrogative pronoun" became "quō" "how? where?". They are known as "centum" branches, named after the Latin word for "hundred". In other branches (for example, Balto-Slavic and Indo-Iranian), the labiovelars merged with the velars: PIE became Vedic Sanskrit kopáyati" "shaken" and became Avestan "kō" "who?"; but became Avestan satəm". They are known as "satem" branches, after the Avestan word for "hundred". Since the Balto-Slavic family, the Indo-Iranian family, and the other "satem" families are spoken in adjacent geographic regions, they can be grouped by an isogloss: a

neg: Balto 17, 1925, just 10 months after Balto's arrival in Nome. Balto himself was present for the monument's unveiling. The statue is located on the main path leading north from the Tisch Children's Zoo. In front of the statue a low-relief slate plaque depicts Balto's sled team, and bears the following inscription: Balto was not destined to be a star in the breeding shed since he was neutered at a young age, hence he was relegated to being neglected on the vaudeville circuit with his team. When Kaasen wished to return home to Alaska, his dogs were sold to the highest

neg: Balto 20 mushers took part, facing a blizzard with −23 °F (-31 °C) temperatures and strong winds. News coverage of the event was worldwide. On February 2, 1925, the Norwegian Gunnar Kaasen drove his team, led by Balto, into Nome. The longest and most hazardous stretch of the run was actually covered by another Norwegian, Leonhard Seppala, and his dog team, led by Togo. They came from Nome towards the end of the run and picked up the serum from musher Henry Ivanoff. The serum was later passed to Kaasen. Balto proved himself on the Iditarod trail, saving his team in

neg: Proto-Balto-Slavic language of RUKI law were erased by subsequent changes in Lithuanian such as the change of word-final "*-š" to "*-s". Generally, it can be ascertained that Lithuanian shows the effect of RUKI law only in old words inherited from Balto-Slavic period so Lithuanian "š" appears in words that have a complete formational and morphological correspondence in Slavic (ruling out the possibility of accidental, parallel formations). It appears that palatovelars yielded fricatives in Balto-Slavic before the effect of RUKI law, so that appears simply as "*ś". Compare: The Proto-Indo-European syllabic sonorants "*l̥", "*r̥", "*m̥" and "*n̥" (abbreviated "*R̥") developed a prothetic vowel

neg: History of the Slavic languages ("ą, ẹ, ė, š, ś", etc.) in different Balto-Slavic languages. Two different and conflicting systems for denoting vowels are commonly in use in Indo-European and Balto-Slavic linguistics on one hand, and Slavic linguistics on the other. In the first, vowel length is consistently distinguished with a macron above the letter, while in the latter it is not clearly indicated. The following table explains these differences: For consistency, all discussions of sounds up to (but not including) Middle Common Slavic use the common Balto-Slavic notation of vowels, while discussions of Middle and Late Common Slavic (the phonology and grammar sections) and

neg: Balto-Slavic languages simplified theory of Schleicher's, propounded a view according to which all similarities of Baltic and Slavic occurred accidentally, by independent parallel development, and that there was no Proto-Balto-Slavic language. In turn, the Polish linguist Rozwadowski suggests that the similarities among Baltic and Slavic languages are a result of not only genetic relationship, but also of later language contact. Thomas Olander corroborates the claim of genetic relationship in his research in the field of comparative Balto-Slavic accentology. Even though some linguists still reject a genetic relationship, most scholars accept that Baltic and Slavic languages experienced a period of common development. ,

neg: Proto-Balto-Slavic language Balto-Slavic so the group was somewhat reduced relative to the others. The modern Slavic languages largely continue the use of three grammatical genders, but modern Baltic languages primarily use only two: masculine and feminine. Latvian distinguishes between only two genders: masculine and feminine. Lithuanian distinguishes between only masculine and feminine in nouns, but in pronouns, participles and numerals, the neuter is retained. An innovation within Balto-Slavic was the creation of a distinct "definite" inflection of adjectives by affixing forms of the pronoun "*ja-" to existing adjective forms. The inflection had a function resembling that of the definite article 'the' in

neg: Proto-Balto-Slavic language imperfective verbs. Compare: Certain pairs of words show a change of older initial "*a-" (from PIE , , , ) to "*e-", which is sometimes called "Rozwadowski's rule". The exact conditioning of this change is currently not well understood, but led to alternations between "*e-" and "*a-" in related words or even as alternative forms of the same word. The alternations often gave rise to different initial vowels in different languages. Several words retained the alternation into Proto-Slavic times as well, which became an alternation between "*(j)e-" and "*o-": Proto-Balto-Slavic retained many of the grammatical features present in Proto-Indo-European. Proto-Balto-Slavic

neg: Proto-Balto-Slavic language effects that were preserved in some Slavic pronouns. For example, Old Church Slavonic attests constructions like "sъ nimь" "with him", which can be traced to the Balto-Slavic "*śun eimis" where the first word reflects the common Proto-Indo-European preposition "*ḱom" "with" (compare Latin "cum"), and the second reflects the PIE pronominal stem "*ey-" (Latin "is", German "er"). In Slavic, in accordance with the "Law of Open Syllables", the final "-n" of the preposition was reinterpreted as belonging to the pronoun, which acted to preserve the nasal in its Balto-Slavic form, thus corroborating that it was indeed "-n": If the change of

neg: Proto-Balto-Slavic language circumflex (nonacute) register or short (with no register distinction). Proto-Balto-Slavic retained the system of ablaut from its parent language, but it was far less productive and had been significantly reworked. Vowel alternations were often leveled, but it is not always easy to determine how far this leveling had progressed by the time the Balto-Slavic dialects began to diverge, as the leveling progressed along the same lines in all of them to some degree. The lengthened grade remained productive in word derivation and was used in many innovative formations that were not present in Proto-Indo-European. After the merger of "*o" and

neg: Samuel Balto Sameland til Grønland". In 1898, Balto moved to Alaska and signed a two-year contract as a reindeer herder. In 1900, he led a large group of Sami hired as reindeer herdsmen during the Lapland-Yukon Relief Expedition later known as the "Manitoba Expedition". Samuel Balto, together with 113 other people from Finnmark were hired by Sheldon Jackson to be involved in the introduction of reindeer in Alaska. Jackson promoted a plan to import reindeer from Russia to introduce reindeer husbandry to the Inupiaq as a solution to their loss of subsistence resources. The group was responsible for transporting goods and mail