query: the original kodak camera boasted how many exposures

pos: History of the camera shutter. The very first shutters were separate accessories, though built-in shutters were common by the end of the 19th century. The use of photographic film was pioneered by George Eastman, who started manufacturing paper film in 1885 before switching to celluloid in 1888-1889. His first camera, which he called the "Kodak," was first offered for sale in 1888. It was a very simple box camera with a fixed-focus lens and single shutter speed, which along with its relatively low price appealed to the average consumer. The Kodak came pre-loaded with enough film for 100 exposures and needed to be sent

pos: Camera sensitive photographic materials became available, cameras began to incorporate mechanical shutter mechanisms that allowed very short and accurately timed exposures to be made. The use of photographic film was pioneered by George Eastman, who started manufacturing paper film in 1885 before switching to celluloid in 1889. His first camera, which he called the "Kodak," was first offered for sale in 1888. It was a very simple box camera with a fixed-focus lens and single shutter speed, which along with its relatively low price appealed to the average consumer. The Kodak came pre-loaded with enough film for 100 exposures and needed

pos: Photography in the United States product introduced by George Eastman in 1884: a flexible, gelatin-coated paper, followed closely by a holder for a 24-frame roll. Soon after this, Eastman introduced Eastman American film, which featured a thin gelatin layer that was removed from the paper backing after development for additional clarity in making prints. In 1888, Eastman's company issued the first easy-to-use, lightweight Kodak camera. It was priced at $25, loaded with a hundred frames, and was almost instantly popular. When the user had used up all 100 exposures, he or she would simply mail the camera back to Kodak, where the used film was

pos: Kodak DCS Kodak DCS The Kodak Digital Camera System is a series of digital single-lens reflex cameras and digital camera backs that were released by Kodak in the 1990s and 2000s, and discontinued in 2005. They are all based on existing 35mm film SLRs from Nikon, Canon and Sigma. The range includes the original Kodak DCS, the very first commercially available digital SLR. In 1975 Kodak engineer Steven Sasson invented the first digital still camera, which uses a Fairchild 100 x 100 pixel CCD. By 1986 Kodak had developed a sensor with 1.4 million pixels. A number of other inventions were made

pos: Pictorialism learned easily or engaged in lightly, and, as such, it was limited to a relatively small group of academics, scientists and professional photographers. All of that changed in a few years' time span. In 1888 George Eastman introduced the first handheld amateur camera, the Kodak camera. It was marketed with the slogan "You press the button, we do the rest." The camera was pre-loaded with a roll of film that produced about 100 2.5" round pictures exposures, and it could easily be carried and handheld during its operation. After all of the shots on the film were exposed, the whole

pos: Kodak DCS 100 TWAIN-based plugin for Photoshop 3. There were many models of the DCS 100 with different buffers, monochrome, color, transmission versions with keyboard and modem. The system was marketed at a retail price of $20000. A total of 987 units were sold. Kodak DCS 100 The Kodak Professional Digital Camera System or DCS, later unofficially named DCS 100, was the first commercially available digital single-lens reflex (DSLR) camera. It was a customized camera back bearing the digital image sensor, mounted on a Nikon F3 body and released by Kodak in May 1991; the company had previously shown the camera at photokina

pos: KH-8 Gambit 3 terrain frame camera, and two 90mm focal length stellar cameras. The terrain frame camera takes exposures of Earth in direction of the vehicle roll position for attitude determination. The stellar cameras observed in 180 degree opposite directions and took images of star fields. The films used by GAMBIT were provided by Eastman Kodak, and evolved through a series of successively higher definition films, starting with Type 3404 with a resolving power of 50 to 100 line pairs per mm. Subsequent films used were Type 1414 high-definition film, SO-217 high-definition fine-grain film, and a series of films with silver-halide crystals of

pos: Single-lens reflex camera shutter, whereby the shutter is constructed of diaphragm-like blades and can be situated either between the lens or behind the lens. If the shutter is part of a lens assembly some other mechanism is required to ensure that no light reaches the film between exposures. An example of a behind-the-lens leaf shutter is found in the 35 mm SLRs produced by Kodak, with their Retina Reflex camera line; Topcon, with their Auto 100; and Kowa with their SE-R and SET-R reflexes. A primary example of a medium-format SLR with a between-the-lens leaf shutter system would be Hasselblad, with their 500C,

pos: Kodak DCS 100 Kodak DCS 100 The Kodak Professional Digital Camera System or DCS, later unofficially named DCS 100, was the first commercially available digital single-lens reflex (DSLR) camera. It was a customized camera back bearing the digital image sensor, mounted on a Nikon F3 body and released by Kodak in May 1991; the company had previously shown the camera at photokina in 1990. Aimed at the photo journalism market in order to improve the speed with which photographs could be transmitted back to the studio or newsroom, the DCS had a resolution of 1.3 megapixels. The DCS 100 was publicly presented for

neg: Bulb (photography) bulb. Though mechanically timed exposures too could be triggered by squeezing the shutter release bulb, "Bulb" exposures then had the same momentary action as camera shutters have today, as per this description from Sears Roebuck's 1909 "Cameras [&] Photographic Supplies": Around 1894 in Germany, the momentary-action setting on camera shutters made by C. A. Steinheil & Söhne in Munich were denoted with "B" but the literature referred to it as "Beliebig" (meaning "beliebige Zeit", ). The Eastman Kodak Company sold entry level consumer cameras that did not have the option of a pneumatic shutter release. Though Kodak retained the convention

neg: Disposable camera in the same fashion as film cameras. In general the one-time-use camera represents a return to the business model pioneered by Kodak for their KODAK camera, predecessor to the Brownie camera; it is particularly popular in situations where a reusable camera would be easily stolen or damaged, when one's regular camera is forgotten, or if one cannot afford a regular camera. A company called Photo-Pac produced a cardboard camera beginning in 1949 which shot eight exposures and which was mailed-in for processing. Cameras were expensive, and would often have been left safely at home when lovely scenes presented themselves. Frustrated

neg: Kodak digital cameras were designed and built by Chinon Industries, a Japanese camera manufacturer. In 2004, Kodak Japan acquired Chinon and many of its engineers and designers joined Kodak Japan. The Kodak DCS series of digital single-lens reflex cameras and digital camera backs were released by Kodak in the 1990s and 2000s, and discontinued in 2005. They were based on existing 35mm film SLRs from Nikon and Canon and the range included the original Kodak DCS, the first commercially available digital SLR. In July 2006, Kodak announced that Flextronics would manufacture and help design its digital cameras. Kodak first entered the

neg: Robot (camera) 24 × 24 mm image format, but many used 18 × 24 mm (half-frame) and 24 × 36 mm (standard Leica format), and non-standard formats such as 6 × 24 mm (Recorder 6), 12 × 24 mm (Recorder 12) and 16 × 16 mm (Robot SC). Around 1930 Heinz Kilfitt, a trained watchmaker, designed a new 35 mm film compact camera using a 24×24 mm frame format (instead of the Leica 24×36 mm or cine 18×24 mm formats). The 24×24mm square frame provided many advantages, including allowing over 50 exposures per standard roll of Leica film instead of 36. Kodak

neg: Diana Mini Camera Diana Mini Camera The Diana Mini Camera is a plastic box camera that utilizes 35mm film, and is a part of a long line of lomographic cameras known for taking photos vibrant in color with deep saturation and vignettes shot through a plastic lens. It is capable of taking 72 exposures per roll of film in "half-frame" mode and 36 exposures in "square" mode. It can also take multiple exposures. Modeled after the original Diana camera, the Diana Mini is one of many reproductions and re-imaginings of the Diana camera by the Austria-based company, Lomographische AG FN: FN 134784. The

neg: You Press the Button, We Do the Rest photography for amateurs. Eastman believed that amateur picture taking could eventually interest just about everyone, and in order to make it happen, he set about separating the two main functions of photography: the picture taking and the processing. For Eastman, 'We Do the Rest' was literally true. Customers had to simply take their pictures, send their camera to the Kodak factory in Rochester New York. At the Kodak factory, film was separated from the camera, cut into strips of twelve exposures, developed and stripped, pressed in contact with a clear gelatin skin, and dried. Then, prints were made from each

neg: Box camera small (2 and 3/16 x 3 x 4 inches) and lightweight (6 ounces), and took roughly 2 inch exposures on 102 size rollfilm. This camera had a new feature, a small view box that told how many exposures of film were left. They were first available in 1895 with either black or red leather covering. Crown Camera 1896 Patent GB189602965 was granted on February 10 1896 to Thomas Peter Bethell of Crown Works, Boundary Place, Liverpool for a "simple construction of camera to be made of cardboard of metal, or a combination of both". The Crown Camera had a quarter-plate

neg: Kodak Pixpro S-1 Kodak Pixpro S-1 The Kodak Pixpro S-1 is a rangefinder-styled digital mirrorless camera announced on January 7, 2014, and first shipped in August 2014. It is the first interchangeable lens camera made under the Kodak brand since JK Imaging bought the rights to "manufacture and sell Kodak branded digital imaging products", as described in promotional materials. Kodak is one of the original members of the Micro Four Thirds standard but had never before produced a camera for it. The camera is produced in partnership with Asia Optical. The entry level Kodak Pixpro S-1 is the competitor of Olympus PEN E-PL5

neg: Kodak Stereo Camera stereo viewers for several years after it stopped producing the Kodak stereo camera. Kodak stereo camera users could continue to use the Kodak mounting service into the late 1980s. Most third party support which Realist users enjoyed, including accessories and supplies, could be used with the Kodak stereo camera. It is nearly impossible to determine which camera was used to produce a mounted stereo slide after the fact, but at least some of the stereo slides now eagerly sought by collectors were snapped with a Kodak, including many taken after 1959. Kodak has not produced a stereo camera since 1959

neg: KH-7 Gambit (4 ft), but improved to 0.6 m (2 ft) by 1966. Each satellite weighed about 2000 kg, and returned a single film bucket per mission. The camera and film transport system were manufactured by Eastman Kodak Company. The index camera is a copy of cameras systems previously used in the KH-4 and KH-6 satellites, and takes exposures of Earth in direction of the vehicle roll position for attitude determination. The stellar camera takes images of star fields with a reseau grid being superimposed on the image plane. The S/I camera was provided by Itek, and horizon sensors were provided by

neg: Light meter of a test card may lead to underexposure unless adjustment is made. The instructions for a Kodak neutral test card recommend that the indicated exposure be increased by ½ step for a frontlighted scene in sunlight. The instructions also recommend that the test card be held vertically and faced in a direction midway between the Sun and the camera; similar directions are also given in the "Kodak Professional Photoguide". The combination of exposure increase and the card orientation gives recommended exposures that are reasonably close to those given by an incident-light meter with a hemispherical receptor when metering with an

neg: Kodak DCS 100 Kodak researchers chose the Nikon F3HP SLR because it was the most widely used professional camera at the time. A number of key problems had to be solved: How to accurately position the image sensor in the camera’s film plane? How to synchronize the camera’s mechanical shutter exposure period and the image sensor’s electronic integration period? Which lenses would provide sharp images without aliasing artifacts? What feedback could be provided to assist the photographer with getting the right exposure? Many scenes had higher dynamic range than the imager. How were digital images to be stored? Where was sufficient power to

neg: Doug Chinnery Doug Chinnery Doug Chinnery was born in London, England, in 1964 and after he spent part of his childhood in Western Australia he grew up in Essex with his younger sister. His earliest images were made on a Kodak Brownie and later a medium-format Russian camera, the Lubitel. However it was not until the emergence of digital cameras in the 1990s that his career in photography gathered pace. He specializes in landscape photography, for which he uses long exposures and intentional camera movement. He cites his influences and inspiration as coming from photographers Michael Kenna, Chris Friel, Alexey Titarenko and

neg: Instant camera One settlement offered owners of Kodak instant cameras a credit towards a new Kodak camera. Many Kodak instant cameras still exist and can be found on auction sites. Kodak also lost the contract to manufacture Polaroid's negatives which subsequently took production in house. Recently photographers tried to use Instax mini and square film inside the Kodak EK4 being somewhat successful and only being able to load one picture at a time in a darkroom. In more recent years, Fujifilm introduced a line of instant cameras and film in Japanese and Asian markets. Fujifilm called their instant camera line Fotorama. Starting

neg: Kodak Retina Reflex Kodak Retina Reflex The Kodak Retina Reflex was a series of four single-lens reflex cameras made by Kodak, continuing the brand Kodak Retina. The Kodak Type 025 Retina Reflex is an SLR camera with so called convertible lenses (German: Wechselobjektiv), interchangeable lens components made by Kodak AG Stuttgart, Germany. It was made between Spring 1957 and October 1958. Like many SLR cameras of German heritage it works with a leaf shutter instead of a focal plane shutter. It was named Type 025 Retina Reflex since it inherited several features from the viewfinder camera Type 021 Retina IIIc: The film advance

neg: Box camera of using glass photographic plates which were typical of earlier cameras. Before the introduction of the Kodak, photographers were responsible for making their own arrangements for the development and printing of their pictures. The first Kodak came pre-loaded with film and the customer returned the camera to Kodak for processing and to be reloaded with film for the customer. In 1900, a Yale plate box camera cost US $2 (about $ in dollars). and a Kodak rollfilm box sold for US $1 (about $ in dollars) Although many cameras of the mid nineteenth century were wooden and "boxy" in appearance

neg: Diana Mini Camera Diana Mini is one of several new production versions of the Diana camera currently available as the "Diana+" series, produced by Lomography. The Diana Mini came about after the reincarnation of the original Diana camera, the Diana F+ Camera, released in 2007. The Diana Mini brought with it the ability of the photographer to choose between the half-frame format that allows the user to shoot twice the amount of exposures for any 35mm film roll, or the less common square format that allows for 24x24mm exposures to be shot on 35mm film. Diana Mini Camera The Diana Mini Camera is

neg: Press camera per film holder), limited the number of exposures photographers could make on an assignment; this was less of an issue with 12 exposures on a roll of 120 film, or 36 exposures on 35 mm film. Compared to view cameras, press cameras do not have the range of swing/tilt movements of the front standard, and rarely have back movements because many were fitted with focal plane shutters. Press camera A press camera is a medium or large format view camera that was predominantly used by press photographers in the early to mid-20th century. It was largely replaced for press photography

neg: Super 8 film camera and a number of other stocks are also available. Many companies manufactured cameras and equipment for use with the format. Many well-known brands such as Kodak, Canon and Agfa made cameras, projectors and stock for use with the cameras. Note: Many companies (Such as Kmart's Focal range) used re-branded products, these have not been included into the list. Super 8 film camera A Super 8mm camera is a motion picture camera specifically manufactured to use the Super 8mm motion picture format. Super 8mm film cameras were first manufactured in 1965 by Kodak for their newly introduced amateur film format, which

neg: Kodak Stereo Camera and it seems unlikely that any film stereo will ever again bear the Kodak name. But Kodak's involvement with stereo imaging may not yet be over. Several companies have announced digital stereo cameras which will hit the market soon. If history repeats itself Kodak will wait till another company proves the ground before introducing its own offering. This time it may even catch on and stick around a while. It may well be that the "Stereo Realist" of the 21st century will be a Kodak camera. Kodak Stereo Camera The Kodak Stereo Camera was a 35mm film stereo camera produced

neg: Subminiature photography first subminiature single lens reflex is the Russian Narciss camera produced in 1961-65. First making an appearance in the late 19th century, often as concealed cameras, subminiature cameras became popular soon after WWII when many consumer markets required small, inexpensive cameras. Friedrich Kaftansky's Mini-flex was designed in 1931, on the market in 1933. Walter Zapp's Riga Minox appeared in 1938. Kodak's introduction of the 110 camera in the 1970s and the Kodak disc camera in the 1980s brought the subminiature camera to the forefront of the photographic market. The many cheap, poorly made cameras that soon appeared drove Kodak out

neg: 135 film the Kodak Retina camera. The Retina camera and this daylight loading cassette were the invention of Dr. August Nagel of the "Kodak AG Dr. Nagel Werk" in Stuttgart. Kodak bought Dr. August Nagel's company in December, 1931, and began marketing the "Kodak Retina" in the summer of 1934. The first Kodak Retina camera was a Typ 117. The 35 mm Kodak Retina camera line remained in production until 1969. Kodak also introduced a line of American made cameras that were simpler and more economical than the Retina. Argus, too, made a long-lived range of 35mm cameras; notably the Argus C3.

neg: Cine-Kodak Cine-Kodak The Cine-Kodak was the first 16mm camera, introduced in 1923. It was a leather covered rectangular cast aluminum box approximately 8.5" by 5" by 3", and was cranked by hand at two turns per second to achieve the necessary 16 frames per second. Hand turning meant that a tripod was essential while allowing varying speeds and single frames to be taken. Accessories such as lenses and a motor attachment became available later. In 1925, Kodak followed up with a spring motor-driven Cine-Kodak Model B, at which time the original Cine-Kodak was re-designated as Model A. Production of Models A

neg: Canon EOS D2000 Canon EOS D2000 The Canon EOS D2000 (a Canon branded Kodak DCS 520) is a 2-megapixel digital single-lens reflex camera developed by Kodak on a Canon EOS-1N body. It was released in March 1998. It features a CCD sensor and can shoot at 3.5 frames per second. Many enthusiasts regard the D2000 as Canon's first truly usable Digital SLR. It was released in tandem with the Canon EOS D6000 (a rebranded "Kodak DCS 560"), a 6-megapixel model. Like its predecessor, the EOS DCS 3, the D2000 uses an EOS-1N camera body with a Kodak digital back. However, the digital back

neg: Kodak Retina Reflex This same mount, with minor differences, was also used by a number of other German camera makers, including Braun and Voigtländer. It was also used in the later Retina Reflex III, Retina Reflex IV, and the Kodak Instamatic Reflex. As for the original Retina Reflex, lenses were available from both Schneider and Rodenstock, but this time the lenses had identical bayonet mounts. The shutter is a Synchro-Compur behind the lens unit, which is part of the camera body. The aperture is now in the interchangeable lenses, which eliminates the overexposure problem of the original Retina Reflex. Speed are from 1

neg: Photographic film indeX), or DX coding was initially developed by Kodak in the 1980s, and eventually adapted by all camera and film manufacturers. It provides information on both the film cassette and on the film regarding the type of film, number of exposures, speed (ISO/ASA rating) of the film. It consists of three types of identification. First is a barcode near the film opening of the cassette, identifying the manufacturer, film type and processing method ("see image below left"). This is used by photofinishing equipment during film processing. The second part is a barcode on the edge of the film ("see image

neg: Harris shutter combine with the blue and green channels from the other two photos to good effect – this may even allow for correction of movement if the camera is inadvertently moved between exposures. Another advantage of digital processing is that different results can be obtained by reassigning the RGB channel of each layer. Harris shutter The Harris shutter is a strip device with three color filters, invented by Robert S. "Bob" Harris of Kodak, for making color photographs with the different primary color layers exposed in separate time intervals in succession. The term "Harris shutter" is also applied to the technique

neg: William Rastetter interest in photography, which began at age 11, when his mother gave him a Kodak box camera. He experiments with techniques to overlay images and to take extremely long exposures of up to 12 minutes using a Hasselblad H5D-50c. He has exhibited at the Joseph Bellows Gallery and the Madison Gallery in La Jolla, California; at the Oceanside Museum of Art in Oceanside, California; and at the The Ida and Cecil Green Faculty Club at the University of California, San Diego. William Rastetter William Rastetter (1948-), a scientist, entrepreneur and venture capitalist, is the chair and CEO of the biotechnology

neg: Kodachrome large projections. Using the subtractive method, these disadvantages could be avoided. The first Kodak product called Kodachrome was invented by John Capstaff in 1913. His Kodachrome was a subtractive process that used only two colors: blue-green and red-orange. It required two glass plate negatives, one made using a panchromatic emulsion and a red filter, the other made using an emulsion insensitive to red light. The two plates could be exposed as a "bipack" (sandwiched emulsion to emulsion, with a very thin red filter layer between), which eliminated the need for multiple exposures or a special color camera. After development, the

neg: Kodak Stereo Camera Kodak Stereo Camera The Kodak Stereo Camera was a 35mm film stereo camera produced between 1954 and 1959. Similar to the Stereo Realist, the camera employed two lenses to take twin shots of scenes, which could then be viewed in dedicated image viewers. The lenses supported adjustable apertures and variable shutter speeds. The camera had a reputation for being easy to use, and sold approximately 100,000 units during the time it was produced. The Kodak Stereo Camera was a Realist Format camera released late in 1954. It used 35mm slide film to produce stereo pair images in the standard 5P

neg: Kodak Once Kodak got its product development machine started, it released a wide range of products which made it easy to share photos via PCs. One of their key innovations was a printer dock, where consumers could insert their cameras into this compact device, press a button, and watch their photos roll out. By 2005, Kodak ranked No. 1 in the U.S. in digital camera sales that surged 40% to $5.7 billion. Despite the high growth, Kodak failed to anticipate how fast digital cameras became commodities, with low profit margins, as more companies entered the market in the mid-2000s. In 2001

neg: Kodak Stereo Camera Realists, which were produced until 1971. The Kodak Stereo camera didn't have as wide a range of accessories as were offered for the Realist. Aside from the Kodaslide viewers already mentioned, Kodak also produced two flash units. There was no deluxe model as with the Realist and the design of the camera remained essentially unchanged throughout its run. Home mounting kits seemed to be against the philosophy of the Kodak stereo camera and by then third party support for stereo slide mounting and storage was pretty well established. There was no Kodak Stereo projector either. Kodak continued producing its Kodaslide

neg: Kodak DC Series for 35 mm single lens reflex film cameras. With physical dimensions of 31 x 102 x 61 mm, the Kodak DC20 was the first ultracompact digital camera. Its sleek compact size would remain unrivaled until the release of the Canon Digital Ixus and Casio Exilim. There were several add-on lenses released for the Kodak DC20. These included a macro adapter, a telephoto converter, and a wide-angle converter from Tiffen. These were clip-on lenses since the original lens had no thread. There was also an add-on photo flash unit made by Kodak. The Kodak DC25 was released about the same time

neg: 120 film cameras. Most of these cameras use lenses intended for large format cameras for simplicity of construction. Cameras using 120 film will often combine the numbers of the frame size in the name e.g. Pentax 6×7 (6×7), Fuji 617 (6×17), and many "645"s (6×4.5). The number '6' in general, and the word 'six' are also commonly used in naming cameras e.g. Kiev 60 and Pentacon Six. The 105 format was introduced by Kodak in 1898 for their first folding camera and was the original 6×9 cm format roll film. The 117 format was introduced by Kodak in 1900 for their first

neg: 35mm format doubling the size of the 24×18 mm format used in cinema. The term 35 mm camera usually refers to a still photographic film camera which uses the 35 mm format on 135 film. Such cameras have been produced by Leica, Kodak, Nikon, Canon, Minolta, Olympus, Contax, Pentax, Carl Zeiss, Fujifilm, and numerous other companies. Some notable 35 mm camera systems are the original Leica, Leica M, Leica R, Nikon F, Canon FD, Canon EOS, Minolta OM, Pentax K-mount system, Minolta Maxxum/Dynax "A" mount system, and the inter-compatible Contax and Yashica (C/Y) systems. Many digital image sensors approximate the dimensions of

neg: Infrared photography camera that will directly produce the same results as Kodak color infrared film although the equivalent images can be produced by taking two exposures, one infrared and the other full-color, and combining in post-production. A yellow (minus-blue) filter can also be used, which provides a single image that can also be post-processed to emulate the Ektachrome look. The color images produced by digital still cameras using infrared-pass filters are not equivalent to those produced on color infrared film. The colors result from varying amounts of infrared passing through the color filters on the photo sites, further amended by the Bayer

neg: Kodak Stereo Camera photography. The film counter was the countdown type, which would be manually set when film was loaded according to how many pairs the roll could take. The number 20 was in red and there were red marks at 15 and 28, for use with standard 20 and 36 exposure rolls of film. A properly loaded 24 exposure roll of film will give 18 stereo pairs, but there is no special marking as 24 exposure rolls of film were not standard at the time the camera was produced. Opposite the counter was another manually set dial which indicated whether the cameras

neg: High Field Consultants vanishing technology that used a Field Ion Microscope made of pyrex glass, operated at high voltage (10-20 kV) and cooled with liquid hydrogen to 21K. An image was recorded on black and white astrophotography film (Kodak 103AG) using a Pentax 35mm camera equipped with an F0.87 (Super Farron) lens. Exposures of several minutes were required because the image was as dim as the Milky Way on a moonless night. The images were reproduced from 4x3 glass slides that Erwin Müller used in his talks and lectures. Several images were colorized but the image of tungsten is an optical color comparison

neg: Ilford HP light meters this was deemed unnecessary, thus the speed was revised up to 400 ISO/ASA. On September 23, 2005 Ilford reintroduced its black-and-white single-use camera which includes 27 exposures of HP5 plus film. Ilford HP HP is a cubic-grain black-and-white film from Ilford Photo with a long history. It originated as Hypersensitive Panchromatic plates in 1931. Since then it has progressed through a number of versions, with HP5 plus (HP5+ for short) being the latest. The main competitor of Ilford HP5 Plus is Kodak Tri-X 400. HP3 went through two speed changes in its history, but only one actual change

neg: Kodak Retina Reflex Schneider-Kreuznach Retina DKL-mount lenses: List of Rodenstock Retina DKL-mount lenses: List of third-party Retina DKL-mount lenses: Kodak Retina Reflex The Kodak Retina Reflex was a series of four single-lens reflex cameras made by Kodak, continuing the brand Kodak Retina. The Kodak Type 025 Retina Reflex is an SLR camera with so called convertible lenses (German: Wechselobjektiv), interchangeable lens components made by Kodak AG Stuttgart, Germany. It was made between Spring 1957 and October 1958. Like many SLR cameras of German heritage it works with a leaf shutter instead of a focal plane shutter. It was named Type 025 Retina Reflex

neg: Kodak EasyShare C330 with 16MB, 32MB, 64MB, 128MB, 256MB, 512MB up to a maximum of 1 GB SD or MMC cards. It includes an AV/USB port for viewing photos on a RCA television with the included adapter or transferring images to a computer via usb. The camera includes a LCD screen. The camera kit includes a USB cable for uploading images to a computer. It is compatible with the Kodak camera docks and PictBridge printer docks, and card readers. Kodak EasyShare C330 The Kodak C330 is a model of digital camera produced by the Eastman Kodak Company. It was announced on May 4,

neg: Kodak DC3200 The camera has 2 MB of internal memory. Memory capacity can be expanded with a CompactFlash card. A common problem with the DC3200 was that the auto flash was too powerful. Pictures that were taken indoors would often be overexposed. Kodak DC3200 The Kodak DC3200 is a model of digital camera produced by the Eastman Kodak Company in 2000-2002. The camera was connected via a serial cable in order to download pictures. Kodak ceased supporting the model a couple of years later. A PDF file of the manual is available on their site. Although Kodak no longer offer a free

neg: Half-frame camera films (16mm, 9.3mm, etc.). This vogue ended when cameras like the Rollei 35 or the Olympus XA showed that it was possible to make cameras as small as the half-frame ones, but taking 24×36 mm exposures. With a half-frame camera, one can fit twice as many pictures onto a standard roll of film. For example, 72 exposures on a 36-exposure roll, 48 on a 24-exposure one, and so on. The exposures have a vertical (portrait) orientation as opposed to the horizontal (landscape) orientation of a 35mm SLR or rangefinder, with the exception of the Konica Recorder, whose film mechanism runs

neg: Kodak DCS Pro SLR/n Kodak DCS Pro SLR/n The Kodak Professional DCS Pro SLR/n is a 13.5 megapixel (4500x3000 pixels) full-frame 35mm digital SLR produced as a collaboration between Nikon Corporation and Eastman Kodak. It was an improved version of the Kodak Professional DCS Pro 14n series, and was based on a modified Nikon N80 film SLR and thus compatible with almost all Nikon F mount lenses. The camera was announced in early 2004 and became available to purchase mid-year. A monochrome variant named Kodak Professional DCS Pro SLR/n m of the camera existed as well. The camera has no anti-aliasing filter in front

neg: Kodak Stereo Camera Realist format. This allowed Kodak Stereo Camera owners to use most accessories and services originally designed for the Stereo Realist. It was the second best selling stereo camera of the 1950s era, eclipsed only by the Stereo Realist. Though it lacked a rangefinder the Kodak stereo camera is often considered to be easiest of the 50s stereo cameras to use. Unlike the Realist, the Kodak had a self-cocking shutter. Like later model Realists it had built in double exposure prevention which could be overridden by the manual shutter cocking lever located on the bottom of the camera. Releasing the shutter

neg: Kodak EasyShare C330 Kodak EasyShare C330 The Kodak C330 is a model of digital camera produced by the Eastman Kodak Company. It was announced on May 4, 2005 and is part of the company's EasyShare consumer line of cameras. The camera has a 3x optical zoom, and a 5x digital zoom beyond the optical zoom. The camera is able to record QVGA videos in 24 frame/s. It has auto, scene, portrait, sport, landscape, close-up, and video modes. Videos may be played on-camera, but with sound only. It has a viewfinder. The camera has 16 MB of internal memory. Memory capacity can be expanded

neg: Kodak DC215 black and white screen on the top of the camera to show camera settings only. The DC215 also came in a "Millennium Edition" version which had a gold rather than silver case and came with some additional accessories. The Kodak DC215 had a notorious problem with its battery compartment. This compartment, which takes in 4 AA batteries, was made of plastic and broke easily. Consumers often resorted to makeshift solutions like the use of rubber bands or duct tape to keep batteries in the camera. Kodak DC215 The Kodak DC215 is a discontinued model of digital camera produced in Japan

neg: EktaPro Motioncorder EktaPro Motioncorder The KODAK Motioncorder is a 512 x 480 High-speed camera. It is part of the Photron FASTCAM line of cameras, introduced in 1996. Photron Kodak Motioncorder was introduce in 1996. The camera was manufacture by Photron but trade branded as a KODAK MASD product. The Kodak Motioncorder and the Photron FASTCAM Super 10K Motioncorder are the same camera, just different trade names. The Kodak Motioncorder native resolution is 512 x 480 pixels x 8 bits at 250 FPS. By reducing the resolution, the frame rate for recording can be increased. As an example, 1000 FPS is achieved with

neg: EktaPro Motioncorder 240 fps. These two products ushered in a new class of cameras which were low cost with relatively high speed image capture that was not previously available. EktaPro Motioncorder The KODAK Motioncorder is a 512 x 480 High-speed camera. It is part of the Photron FASTCAM line of cameras, introduced in 1996. Photron Kodak Motioncorder was introduce in 1996. The camera was manufacture by Photron but trade branded as a KODAK MASD product. The Kodak Motioncorder and the Photron FASTCAM Super 10K Motioncorder are the same camera, just different trade names. The Kodak Motioncorder native resolution is 512 x 480

neg: Kodak Kodak held the No. 2 spot in U.S. digital camera sales (behind Sony) but it lost $60 on every camera sold, while there was also a dispute between employees from its digital and film divisions. The film business, where Kodak enjoyed high profit margins, fell 18% in 2005. The combination of these two factors resulted in disappointing profits overall. Its digital cameras soon became undercut by Asian competitors that could produce their offerings more cheaply. Kodak had a 27% market-leading share in 1999, that dwindled to 15% by 2003. In 2007 Kodak was No. 4 in U.S. digital camera sales

neg: Kodak DC Series zoom lens. However, it boasted a larger 1280x960 pixel CCD sensor and built-in photo flash. It had 2 megabytes of internal picture storage and supported CompactFlash external memory storage. It also had a color LCD for picture review. It continued to use Kodak's KDC file format. The camera had an optical viewfinder with dual target rings in the center to account for parallax over the zoom range. The DC120 required 6 to 6.8 volts DC power, supplied by four AA-size 1.7 V lithium primary cells. Although nickel-metal hydride (Ni-MH) 1.25 V or nickel-cadmium (Ni-Cd) 1.2 V cells could be used,

neg: Kodak 789 F.2d 1556 [229 USPQ 561] (Fed. Cir.), cert. denied, 479 U.S. 850 (1986). Kodak was the exclusive supplier of negatives for Polaroid cameras from 1963 until 1969, when Polaroid chose to manufacture its own instant film. As part of its move toward higher end products, Kodak announced on September 15, 2006 that the new Leica M8 camera incorporates Kodak's KAF-10500 image sensor. This was the second recent partnership between Kodak and the German optical manufacturer. In 2011, Kodak sold its Image Sensor Solutions business to Platinum Equity, which subsequently renamed it Truesense Imaging, Inc. Many of Kodak's early compact

neg: Kodak EasyShare designates digital frames that are "cordless" in that they have a rechargeable battery allowing viewing without a power cable for several hours. There was a much older frame, the S510, that was not cordless and predated the P-Series. The P-series line of digital frames stands for "Photo"; these frames can only be used for pictures and not multimedia. The EasyShare brand also was incorporated with the original 5000-series all-in-one inkjet printers (superseded by the ESP line), thermal photo printers and printer docks (now discontinued), and camera docks. Kodak EasyShare software is used to transfer and catalog images from EasyShare camera

neg: Digital watermarking if a given digital watermarking algorithm may be used for their application scenario, and if so, which parameter sets seems to be the best. Epson and Kodak have produced cameras with security features such as the Epson PhotoPC 3000Z and the Kodak DC-290. Both cameras added irremovable features to the pictures which distorted the original image, making them unacceptable for some applications such as forensic evidence in court. According to Blythe and Fridrich, "[n]either camera can provide an undisputable proof of the image origin or its author". A secure digital camera (SDC) was proposed by Saraju Mohanty, et al. in

neg: Canon EOS DCS 3 contributed to the then-immense price of the EOS DCS 3, at nearly two million yen. The camera was succeeded by the Canon EOS D2000 (a rebranded Kodak DCS 520) in 1998. Canon EOS DCS 3 The Canon EOS DCS 3 was Kodak's second Canon based Digital SLR camera (a rebranded Kodak EOS-DCS 3) released in July 1995, four months after Kodak EOS-DCS 5. It uses a modified Canon EOS-1N film camera with a modified Kodak NC2000e digital camera back attached. As a result, it maintained the Canon EF lens mount, and full compatibility with all of Canon's EF lenses made

neg: Kodak Pony cameras of the early 1930s. Kodak Pony The Kodak Pony camera was introduced with the 828 model in 1949 as the first in a series of six Kodak Pony cameras which was produced until 1959. While the initial version of this camera used paperbacked 828 film (as used in the Kodak Bantam cameras), the five later versions were adapted to use 35mm 135 film. The Pony had a four-speed 'Flash 200' shutter, an Anaston 51 mm f/4.5 triplet lens, and a fitted leather case. The body was made of bakelite, which was a very common camera body material at that

neg: Kodak Pony Kodak Pony The Kodak Pony camera was introduced with the 828 model in 1949 as the first in a series of six Kodak Pony cameras which was produced until 1959. While the initial version of this camera used paperbacked 828 film (as used in the Kodak Bantam cameras), the five later versions were adapted to use 35mm 135 film. The Pony had a four-speed 'Flash 200' shutter, an Anaston 51 mm f/4.5 triplet lens, and a fitted leather case. The body was made of bakelite, which was a very common camera body material at that time. Focus was achieved by

neg: Kodak DC215 Kodak DC215 The Kodak DC215 is a discontinued model of digital camera produced in Japan by the Eastman Kodak Company. This model does not have internal memory (only CompactFlash I cards), but a 4MB card is supplied with the camera. The camera has a 1-megapixel sensor, a fixed focus lens with 2x optical zoom (F/4 wide, F/4.8 telephoto) and macro-setting and a built-in flash. The viewfinder is optical, but it is possible to use the 1.8" rear LCD monitor as viewfinder ("Preview mode"), though Kodak did not recommend that due to high battery consumption. There was also a small LCD

neg: Kodak Photo Spot Kodak Photo Spot A Kodak Photo Spot (also called Kodak Picture Spot or Kodak Photo Point) is a location with a Kodak-sponsored sign indicating a recommended spot from which to take a photograph. They are found in areas popular with tourists, and are particularly common in Disney theme parks. This was until 2012, when the Kodak company filed for bankruptcy, and ended their sponsorship as the camera and film supplier for Disney Parks. In 2013, Nikon became the official sponsor of camera supplies in Disney Parks in the USA, and the Kodak Photo Spots were re-branded as Nikon Photo Spots.

neg: Kodak 35 Rangefinder by "0". ""ET"" thus gives the number "49" for the year 1949. The Kodak 35 serial number is engraved on the front ring on the lens. Kodak 35 Rangefinder The Kodak 35 Rangefinder is an improved version of the "Kodak 35" that was launched by the Eastman Kodak Company in 1938 as their first 35mm camera manufactured in the USA. After some two years, the Company presented this improved "Kodak 35" camera, with a new superstructure housing containing a viewfinder and a separate rangefinder, but without any addition to the identifying inscription on the body. It is generally referred to

neg: Kodak EasyShare the cameras into different classes: EasyShare Point and Shoot (C series), EasyShare Performance (Z series), and EasyShare Sleek & Stylish (M-Series). The original products to use the EasyShare brand were the DX3600 and DX3500 digital camera along with the EasyShare Camera Dock. The DX series cameras were the first EasyShare models released. It was originally a very basic point and shoot camera series, compatible with the original EasyShare Camera Dock. The CX series eventually replaced the lower-end DX models, and the newer DX-Series models had more advanced features and higher megapixel resolution and zoom features. The DX series is now

neg: Kodascope Kodascope Kodascope is a name created by Eastman Kodak Company for the projector it placed on the market in 1923 as part of the first 16mm motion picture equipment. The original Kodascope was part of an outfit that included the Cine-Kodak camera, tripod, Kodascope projector, projection screen, and film splicer, all of which sold together for $335. By 1924, Victor Animatograph Corporation and Bell and Howell had placed 16mm projectors on the market, so Kodak eliminated the requirement to purchase the equipment as a complete outfit and sold the projector separately. Kodascope was retained as the primary marketing name for

neg: Kodak 35 Rangefinder Kodak 35 Rangefinder The Kodak 35 Rangefinder is an improved version of the "Kodak 35" that was launched by the Eastman Kodak Company in 1938 as their first 35mm camera manufactured in the USA. After some two years, the Company presented this improved "Kodak 35" camera, with a new superstructure housing containing a viewfinder and a separate rangefinder, but without any addition to the identifying inscription on the body. It is generally referred to as the Kodak 35 Rangefinder model. The centrally positioned eyepiece is for the viewfinder. An external mechanism, hidden inside the protrusion at the left-hand side of

neg: Kodak DC Series Kodak DC Series Kodak was a pioneer in the development of digital cameras. The DC series was Kodak's consumer-grade line of digital cameras as distinct from the more expensive professional Kodak DCS series. Cameras in the DC series were manufactured and sold during the mid-to-late 1990s and early 2000s. Some were branded as "Digital Science". Most of these early digital cameras supported RS-232 serial port connections because USB hardware was not widely available before 1998. The DC series was superseded by the Kodak Easy Share camera line. The Kodak DC20 was an early digital camera released by Kodak in 1996.

neg: Schneider Kreuznach is best known as manufacturers of large format lenses for view cameras, enlarger lenses, and photographic loupes. It also makes a limited amount of small- and medium-format lenses, and has at various times manufactured eyeglasses and camera rangefinders, as well as being an OEM lens maker for Kodak and Samsung digital cameras. It has supplied the lenses for various LG devices and the BlackBerry Priv. It also supplied the lenses for the Kodak Regent camera in the 1930s and other classic cameras such as certain models of the Rolleiflex starting in the 1940s, the Kodak Retina and Kodak Retinette camera

neg: Kodak Stereo Camera old style hot shoe (usually called an "accessory clip") it featured a bayonet type connector, which was an emerging standard in the later 50s. Unlike the hot shoe, it couldn't support a flash unit on its own. A separate L bracket was needed to physically hold the flash. Kodak had introduced its mounting service in 1953 and in the summer of 1954 began a huge advertising campaign for it. At about the same time they introduced their Kodaslide stereo viewers, but it wasn't until the end of 1954 that the Kodak stereo camera was introduced. When The Kodak stereo camera

neg: Kodak DC3200 Kodak DC3200 The Kodak DC3200 is a model of digital camera produced by the Eastman Kodak Company in 2000-2002. The camera was connected via a serial cable in order to download pictures. Kodak ceased supporting the model a couple of years later. A PDF file of the manual is available on their site. Although Kodak no longer offer a free download of the necessary software, this might be available elsewhere on the Internet. However the software is not really necessary, if the optional compact flash storage is used, which can easily be read in an appropriate modern PC card reader.

neg: 616 film 616 film 616 film was originally produced by Kodak in 1932 for the Kodak Six-16 camera, along with slightly smaller 620 film for the company's Six-20 size cameras. Seventy millimetres wide, the 616 film produced 63.5 mm × 108 mm (2.5" × 4.25") negatives, about the size of postcards and appropriate for making a contact print without the need for an enlarger. It is the same format as that of 116 film but on a slimmer spool, for use in more compact cameras. The format is used in many other cameras such as the Kodak Brownie Junior and the Kodak

neg: Super 8 film camera of film sold are of lengths. Kodak did produce and sound cartridges, but these have since been discontinued. Most stocks are reversal film (for simple projection) but some negative stocks have been produced. In 1965, the original emulsion released was "Kodachrome" II colour film. However, in 2005, Kodak announced it would stop manufacturing Kodachrome stock. The discontinuation was due to the steps K-14 development used. Nowadays, Kodak Super 8mm film cartridges are sold as either "Ektachrome" colour reversal film,"Tri-X" black and white reversal film or Vision 3 colour negative film (in 200 ISO and 500 ISO speeds). Fuji Velvia 50

neg: History of the camera $1,000 (about $2000 in 2014). It later saw modest success when it was re-sold as the Logitech Fotoman in 1992. It used a CCD image sensor, stored pictures digitally, and connected directly to a computer for download. In 1991, Kodak brought to market the Kodak DCS (Kodak Digital Camera System), the beginning of a long line of professional Kodak DCS SLR cameras that were based in part on film bodies, often Nikons. It used a 1.3 megapixel sensor, had a bulky external digital storage system and was priced at $13,000. At the arrival of the Kodak DCS-200, the Kodak DCS

neg: Kodak DCS Pro 14n was a similar, but improved model. In particular, the new camera featured an improved image sensor and better power management, and it came with 512 MiB of buffer memory pre-installed. At around 1800 USD existing owners of the DCS 14n could order another camera upgrade from Kodak, comprising the new image sensor and memory upgrade. These upgraded cameras were officially referred to as Kodak Professional DCS Pro 14nx by Kodak. Except for the power management and name plate, they were basically the same as the DSC Pro SLR/n. Reviews are already available. Kodak DCS Pro 14n The Kodak Professional DCS

neg: Kodak EasyShare Kodak EasyShare Kodak EasyShare is a sub brand of Eastman Kodak Company products identifying a consumer photography system of digital cameras, snapshot thermal printers, snapshot thermal printer docks, all-in-one inkjet printers, accessories, camera docks, software, and online print services. The brand was introduced in 2001. The brand is no longer applied to all-in-one inkjet printers (now branded "ESP") or online printing services (now simply "Kodak Gallery"). Thermal snapshot printers and printer docks product lines have been discontinued. In 2012, Kodak stopped manufacturing and selling all digital cameras and photo frames. There are presently three EasyShare camera lines, "series", that separate

neg: Kodak DCS 400 series NC2000e (based on the Nikon N90s/F90x) using many of the same components as were used for the DCS 400 series. Kodak also used the imaging component and electronics of the DCS 420 to produce a digital version of the Nikonos underwater camera, which was produced in limited numbers for military and scientific applications as the Kodak DCS 425. In addition to the standard colour version, Kodak made monochrome and infrared versions of the DCS 420, which were made to order as the 420m and 420IR respectively. There were also monochrome versions of the DCS 460 and DCS 465, with the

neg: FASTCAM Ultima 40K system ( Photron Rabbit, Kodak HS4540, Photron Ultima 40K and the Photron FASTCAM SE all using the same image sensor) from 1990 to 2006. Kodak MASD manufactured a similar high speed camera before the Photron Rabbit called the Kodak SP2000. This camera also used a Block Readout sensor with 240 x 192 pixels 8 bits at 12,000 fps. The SP2000 was first introduced in 1981, a full decade ahead in performance over any other high speed camera . FASTCAM Ultima 40K The Photron FASTCAM Ultima 40K is a 256 x 256 High-speed camera. It is part of the Photron FASTCAM

neg: Kodak DCS Pro SLR/c fully supported through 2008. Kodak cited poor profitability of the sector in its announcement. Kodak DCS Pro SLR/c The Kodak Professional DCS Pro SLR/c is a 13.5 megapixel digital SLR camera produced by Eastman Kodak. It is full frame—it uses an image sensor that is the full size of a 35 mm (36x24 mm) frame. It is compatible with Canon EOS (EF mount) lenses. The camera was launched on March 18, 2004 and incorporates the internal systems of the previous Nikon-compatible SLR/n in a Sigma SA9 SLR body. Both the SLR/c and the SLR/n were officially discontinued by Kodak on

neg: Folding camera cameras to use shorter focal distances, and the twin lens reflex cameras became popular. However, some 35mm cameras continued to be built as folding cameras, e.g., the original Kodak Retina. Medium format folders were produced in USSR until the 1960s. Notable folding cameras include Folding camera A folding camera is a camera type. Folding cameras fold into a compact and rugged package for storage. The lens and shutter are attached to a lens-board which is connected to the body of the camera by a light-tight folding bellows. When the camera is fully unfolded it provides the correct focus distance from

neg: Camera the more popular cameras. The introduction of roll film drove the standardization process still further so that by the 1950s only a few standard roll films were in use. These included 120 film providing 8, 12 or 16 exposures, 220 film providing 16 or 24 exposures, 127 film providing 8 or 12 exposures (principally in Brownie cameras) and 135 (35 mm film) providing 12, 20 or 36 exposures – or up to 72 exposures in the half-frame format or in bulk cassettes for the Leica Camera range. For cine cameras, film 35 mm wide and perforated with sprocket holes was

neg: Brownie (camera) Brownie (camera) The Brownie was a long-running popular series of simple and inexpensive cameras made by Eastman Kodak. Introduced in 1900, it introduced the snapshot to the masses. It was a basic cardboard box camera with a simple meniscus lens that took 2 1/4-inch square pictures on 117 roll film. It was conceived and marketed for sales of Kodak roll films. Because of its simple controls and initial price of $1 () along with the low price of Kodak roll film and processing, The Brownie camera surpassed its marketing goal. It was invented by Frank A. Brownell. The name comes

neg: Canon EOS DCS 3 Canon EOS DCS 3 The Canon EOS DCS 3 was Kodak's second Canon based Digital SLR camera (a rebranded Kodak EOS-DCS 3) released in July 1995, four months after Kodak EOS-DCS 5. It uses a modified Canon EOS-1N film camera with a modified Kodak NC2000e digital camera back attached. As a result, it maintained the Canon EF lens mount, and full compatibility with all of Canon's EF lenses made until that time. The camera was followed by the six megapixel Canon EOS DCS 1, which was released later in December 1995. The back had a then-massive 16MB of RAM to

neg: Kodak DCS 300 series while the 330 only allowed Kodak's proprietary .TIF RAW format. Kodak DCS 300 series The Kodak DCS 300 series comprised two cameras, the DCS 315 and DCS 330. They were professional-level digital SLR cameras built by Eastman Kodak's Kodak Professional Imaging Solutions division. They were based on the Nikon Pronea 6i APS SLR camera and were aimed at a lower price point than other models in the Kodak DCS range. The 1.5 megapixel DCS 315 was launched in 1998, while the 3 megapixel DCS 330 was launched in 1999. The DCS 315 was the first digital SLR camera to incorporate

neg: Kodak DCS 300 series Kodak DCS 300 series The Kodak DCS 300 series comprised two cameras, the DCS 315 and DCS 330. They were professional-level digital SLR cameras built by Eastman Kodak's Kodak Professional Imaging Solutions division. They were based on the Nikon Pronea 6i APS SLR camera and were aimed at a lower price point than other models in the Kodak DCS range. The 1.5 megapixel DCS 315 was launched in 1998, while the 3 megapixel DCS 330 was launched in 1999. The DCS 315 was the first digital SLR camera to incorporate an image preview LCD and inbuilt JPEG processing. The two

neg: Kodak DCS high-end medium format digital backs for Leaf, among others. Kodak continued to design and manufacture digital imaging sensors, including the full-frame 18-megapixel KAF-18500, which is used in the Leica M9 digital rangefinder, until its digital sensor division was sold to Platinum Equity in 2012. This digital sensor company now operates under the name Trusense. All models based on Nikon body and use Nikon's F mount. All models use Canon's EF lens mount. Kodak DCS The Kodak Digital Camera System is a series of digital single-lens reflex cameras and digital camera backs that were released by Kodak in the 1990s and

neg: EktaPro Motioncorder camera cable could be up to 16m from the Processor. The system could be controlled from a computer through an RS-232 interface sending simple ASCII commands. The Kodak Motioncorder has been used in many diverse applications such as production line troubleshooting, packaging machine design and university research. It has been verified by the manufacture that over 4000 Motioncorders/Super 10K cameras were produced from 1996 to 2005. Another popular High-speed camera from this era was the Redlake Motionscope. Both products used the same CCD sensor (7.4 um pixel. The Kodak Motioncorder could record 250 FPS while the Redlake Motionscope could record

neg: High-speed photography rate at which images could be read off the sensor. Most of these systems still ran at NTSC rates (approximately 60 frame/s), but some, especially those built by the Kodak Spin Physics group, ran faster and recorded onto specially constructed video tape cassettes. The Kodak MASD group developed the first HyG (rugged) high-speed digital color camera called the RO that replaced 16-mm crash sled film cameras. Many new innovations and recording methods were introduced in the RO and further enhancements were introduced in the HG2000, a camera that could run at 1000 frame/s with a 512 x 384 pixel sensor

neg: Medium format (film) format was introduced by Kodak in 1931 as an alternative to 120. It was discontinued in 1995. The 620 format is essentially the same film on a thinner and narrower all-metal spool. While 620 film is required on a number of old Kodak Brownie cameras, many of these cameras can accommodate the slightly larger 120 rolls/spools. In other situations where the camera cannot accommodate a 120 spool, the 120 film can be rolled onto a 620 spool in a darkroom or changing bag. This film is shot in a variety of aspect ratios, which differ depending on the camera or

neg: Mecaflex Mecaflex The Mecaflex is a 35mm SLR camera for 50 exposures of 24 × 24 mm. It was presented at the photokina in Cologne in 1951, and launched commercially about two years later. The design is by Heinz Kilfitt, who is also known for designing the original "Robot camera" and the "Kowa Six". The camera is equipped with the newly developed "Prontor-Compur" (PC) reflex shutter, which would pave the way for reputable camera designs such as the 1953 "Contaflex", the 1956 "Retina Reflex", the 1957 "Hasselblad 500", and the 1959 "Voigtländer Bessamatic". However, it does not have the built-in eye-level

neg: Mecaflex metal neck strap. Accessories included an add-on eyelevel mirror finder that would attach inside the folding finder. Metz Mecaflex: Kilfitt Mecaflex: Mecaflex The Mecaflex is a 35mm SLR camera for 50 exposures of 24 × 24 mm. It was presented at the photokina in Cologne in 1951, and launched commercially about two years later. The design is by Heinz Kilfitt, who is also known for designing the original "Robot camera" and the "Kowa Six". The camera is equipped with the newly developed "Prontor-Compur" (PC) reflex shutter, which would pave the way for reputable camera designs such as the 1953 "Contaflex",

neg: Fireworks photography camera shake for long image exposures are a good sturdy tripod along with a remote shutter release (avoiding to have to touch the camera when taking the shot). Another challenge the photographer faces with exposure timing is having to estimate how long to expose the image in relation to when the firework bursts. Opening the shutter just before the firework bursts and then closing it after its finished would provide the ideal timing for capturing that 'perfect moment'. This can be achieved by setting the camera to 'b' or 'bulb' whereby exposure times are under the direct control of the

neg: Kodak DCS Pro SLR/c Kodak DCS Pro SLR/c The Kodak Professional DCS Pro SLR/c is a 13.5 megapixel digital SLR camera produced by Eastman Kodak. It is full frame—it uses an image sensor that is the full size of a 35 mm (36x24 mm) frame. It is compatible with Canon EOS (EF mount) lenses. The camera was launched on March 18, 2004 and incorporates the internal systems of the previous Nikon-compatible SLR/n in a Sigma SA9 SLR body. Both the SLR/c and the SLR/n were officially discontinued by Kodak on May 31, 2005, although remaining stock would be sold and the cameras would be

neg: Photographic hypersensitization gain in speed for a one-hour exposure. In general this was used with the special "spectroscopic plates" made by the Eastman Kodak Company. These products were intended for long exposures, however it also worked to some extent with more conventional materials, including color film. This process became especially important for the new generation of high detective quantum efficiency, fine-grained (but slow) plates Eastman Kodak had developed in the late 1960s. In 1974, researchers at Eastman Kodak announced that plates treated in pure hydrogen after nitrogen treatment were more sensitive at all exposure times than untreated plates, and this was quickly

neg: Fujifilm digital technologies for its photo-related, medical and printing businesses. Like its rival Eastman Kodak which dominated in the US, Fuji Photo enjoyed a longtime near-monopoly on camera film in Japan. By becoming one of the title sponsors of the 1984 Los Angeles Olympics (an opportunity that Kodak passed on), offering cheaper camera film, and establishing a film factory in the US, Fuji gained considerable market share there, while Kodak had little success in penetrating Japan. In May 1995, Kodak filed a petition with the US Commerce Department under section 301 of the Commerce Act arguing that its poor performance in