query: names of the spanish speaking countries in the caribbean

pos: Languages of the Caribbean four to one due to the high densities of populations on the larger, Spanish-speaking, islands; some 64% of West Indians speak Spanish. The islands that are included in this group are Cuba, the Dominican Republic, Puerto Rico, and some tiny islands off Central and South America. About one-quarter of West Indians speak French or a French-based creole. They live primarily in Guadeloupe and Martinique, both of which are overseas departments of France; Saint Barthélemy and the French portion of Saint Martin (where the local language is English, but not an official language), both of which are overseas collectivities of France;

pos: Pasteles Pasteles Pasteles (; singular "pastel"), also known as pastelles in the English-speaking Caribbean, are a traditional dish in several Latin American and Caribbean countries. In Puerto Rico, the Dominican Republic, Trinidad and Tobago, the Caribbean coast of Colombia, and Panama, it is similar to a tamale. In Central American cuisine, it more closely resembles a British pasty or an Italian calzone. In other Spanish-speaking countries, "pastel" is a generic term for pastry. In Hawaii, they are called "pateles" in a phonetic rendering of the Puerto Rican pronunciation of "pasteles", as discussed below. Colombian pasteles are called "pastel de arroz cartagenero"

pos: Surname just one surname may be asked to provide a second surname on official documents in Spanish-speaking countries. When none (such as the mother's maiden name) is provided, the last name may simply be repeated. Traditionally in most countries, and currently in some Spanish-speaking countries, women, upon marrying, keep their own family names. It is considered impolite towards her family for a woman to change her name. The higher class women of Cuba and Spain traditionally never change their names. In certain rare situations, a woman may be addressed with her paternal surname followed by her husband's paternal surname linked with

pos: North American Numbering Plan and their continued associations with Canada, especially during the years of the telegraph and the All Red Line system. Not all North American countries participate in the NANP. Exceptions include Mexico, Greenland, Saint Pierre and Miquelon, the Central American countries and some Caribbean countries (Cuba, Haiti, and the French Caribbean). The only Spanish-speaking state in the system is the Dominican Republic. Mexican participation was planned, but implementation stopped after three area codes (706, 903 and 905) had been assigned, and Mexico opted for an international numbering format, using country code 52. The area codes in use were subsequently withdrawn in

pos: Reggaeton Reggaeton Reggaeton (also known as reggaetón and reguetón) is a music style which originated in Puerto Rico during the late 1990s. It is influenced by hip hop and Latin American and Caribbean music. Vocals include rapping and singing, typically in Spanish. Reggaeton is regarded as one of the most popular music genres in the Spanish-speaking Caribbean, in countries including Puerto Rico, Panama, Dominican Republic, Cuba, Colombia and Venezuela. Over the past decade, the genre has seen increased popularity across Latin America, as well as acceptance within mainstream Western music. The word "reggaeton" (from the Puerto Rican tradition of combining a

pos: Reggaeton popular local reggaeton act is Zamboangueño duo Dos Fuertes, who had a dance hit in 2007 with "Tarat Tat", and who primarily uses the Chavacano language in their songs. Reggaeton Reggaeton (also known as reggaetón and reguetón) is a music style which originated in Puerto Rico during the late 1990s. It is influenced by hip hop and Latin American and Caribbean music. Vocals include rapping and singing, typically in Spanish. Reggaeton is regarded as one of the most popular music genres in the Spanish-speaking Caribbean, in countries including Puerto Rico, Panama, Dominican Republic, Cuba, Colombia and Venezuela. Over the past

pos: Cuban trogon Cuban trogon The Cuban trogon or tocororo ("Priotelus temnurus") is a species of bird in the family Trogonidae. It is endemic to Cuba, where it is also the national bird. Its natural habitats are dry forests, moist forests, and heavily degraded former forest. The Cuban trogon has multiple names it can go by. In English speaking countries it is commonly known as the Cuban trogon, while in Spanish speaking countries it is referred to as the "tocororo" or "tocoloro". This local name was derived from its repeated call, toco-toco-tocoro-tocoro. The Cuban trogon is very colorful with a green back, blue

pos: Cuban trogon Cuban trogon The Cuban trogon or tocororo ("Priotelus temnurus") is a species of bird in the family Trogonidae. It is endemic to Cuba, where it is also the national bird. Its natural habitats are dry forests, moist forests, and heavily degraded former forest. The Cuban trogon has multiple names it can go by. In English speaking countries it is commonly known as the Cuban trogon, while in Spanish speaking countries it is referred to as the "tocororo" or "tocoloro". This local name was derived from its repeated call, toco-toco-tocoro-tocoro. The Cuban trogon is very colorful with a green back, blue

pos: Green iguana haplotypes for subspecific status but did indicate the deep lineage divergence between Central and South American populations. The word "iguana" is derived from a Spanish form of the Taíno name for the species: "iwana". In some Spanish speaking countries, males of the species are referred to as "gorrobo" or "ministro" and juveniles are called "iguanita" or "gorrobito". The native range of the green iguana extends from southern Mexico to central Brazil, Dominican Republic, Paraguay, and Bolivia and the Caribbean; specifically Grenada, Aruba, Curaçao, Trinidad and Tobago, St. Lucia, St. Vincent, and Útila. They have been introduced to Grand Cayman, Puerto

pos: Spanish West Indies Spanish–American War. For over three centuries, Spain controlled a network of ports in the Caribbean including Havana (Cuba), San Juan (Puerto Rico), Cartagena de Indias (Colombia), Veracruz (Mexico), and Portobelo, Panama, which were connected by galleon routes. Some smaller islands were seized or ceded to other European powers as a result of war, or diplomatic agreements during the 17th and 18th centuries. Others such as Dominican Republic gained their independence in the 19th century. Today, the term Spanish Caribbean or Hispanophone Caribbean refers to the Spanish-speaking areas in the Caribbean Sea, chiefly Cuba, Dominican Republic, and Puerto Rico. It includes

pos: Hispaniola Hispaniola Hispaniola (; Latin and ; ; ) is an island in the Caribbean island group known as the Greater Antilles. It is the second largest island in the Caribbean after Cuba, and the most populous island in the Caribbean; it is also the eleventh most populous island in the world. The island is divided between two separate, sovereign nations: the Spanish-speaking Dominican Republic (48,445 km, 18,705 sq mi) to the east, and French Creole-speaking Haiti (27,750 km, 10,710 sq mi) to the west. The only other shared island in the Caribbean is Saint Martin, which is shared between France

pos: Buxus no shamrock. Buxus Buxus is a genus of about 70 species in the family Buxaceae. Common names include box (majority of English-speaking countries) or boxwood (North America). The boxes are native to western and southern Europe, southwest, southern and eastern Asia, Africa, Madagascar, northernmost South America, Central America, Mexico and the Caribbean, with the majority of species being tropical or subtropical; only the European and some Asian species are frost-tolerant. Centres of diversity occur in Cuba (about 30 species), China (17 species) and Madagascar (9 species). They are slow-growing evergreen shrubs and small trees, growing to 2–12 m (rarely 15

pos: Buxus Buxus Buxus is a genus of about 70 species in the family Buxaceae. Common names include box (majority of English-speaking countries) or boxwood (North America). The boxes are native to western and southern Europe, southwest, southern and eastern Asia, Africa, Madagascar, northernmost South America, Central America, Mexico and the Caribbean, with the majority of species being tropical or subtropical; only the European and some Asian species are frost-tolerant. Centres of diversity occur in Cuba (about 30 species), China (17 species) and Madagascar (9 species). They are slow-growing evergreen shrubs and small trees, growing to 2–12 m (rarely 15 m) tall.

pos: Mario Butler important tournaments apart from the Pan American games. These included the Central American and Caribbean Games, the Pre-Olympics and others. It was because of this international exposure that he, at 6 feet and 8 inches (80 inches) tall, became known by many basketball fans as one of the most dominant centers in the Spanish-speaking countries during his era as a basketball player. Mario Butler Mario Alberto Butler Graham (born January 15, 1957) is a Panamanian retired professional basketball player. Butler spent most of his career playing in the Baloncesto Superior Nacional (BSN) in Puerto Rico. At , he played center

neg: Spanish West Indies regions where Spanish is the main language, and where the legacy of Spanish settlement and colonization influences culture, through religion, language, cuisine, and so on. The varieties of Spanish that predominate in this region are known collectively as Caribbean Spanish. The term is used in contrast to Anglophone Caribbean, French Caribbean, and Dutch Caribbean, which are other modern linguistic divisions of the Caribbean region. The Hispanophone Caribbean is a part of the wider Hispanic America, which includes all the Spanish-speaking countries in the Americas. Historically, coastal areas of Spanish Florida and the Caribbean South America (cf. the Spanish Main) were

neg: Community of Latin American and Caribbean States nations originally as a countermeasure to potential Soviet influence in the region. CELAC is the successor of the Rio Group and the "Latin American and Caribbean Summit on Integration and Development" (CALC). In July 2010, CELAC selected President of Venezuela Hugo Chávez and President of Chile Sebastián Piñera, as co-chairs of the forum to draft statutes for the organization. CELAC comprises 33 countries, speaking five different languages: Eighteen Spanish-speaking countries (56% of the area, 63% of the population) One Portuguese-speaking country (42% of the area, 34% of the population) One French-speaking country (0.1% of the area, 1.6% of the population)

neg: Names given to the Spanish language Names given to the Spanish language There are two names given in Spanish to the Spanish language: español ("Spanish") and castellano ("Castilian"). Spanish speakers from different countries or backgrounds can show a preference for one term or the other, or use them indiscriminately, but political issues or common usage might lead speakers to prefer one term over the other. This article identifies the differences between those terms, the countries or backgrounds that show a preference for one or the other, and the implications the choice of words might have for a native Spanish-speaker. Formally speaking, the national language of Spain,

neg: Avocado other Central American and Caribbean Spanish-speaking countries, it is known by the Mexican name, while South American Spanish-speaking countries use a Quechua-derived word, "palta". In Portuguese, it is "abacate". The fruit is sometimes called an avocado pear or alligator pear (due to its shape and the rough green skin of some cultivars). The Nahuatl "ahuacatl" can be compounded with other words, as in "ahuacamolli", meaning avocado soup or sauce, from which the Spanish word "guacamole" derives. In the United Kingdom, the term "avocado pear" is still sometimes misused as applied when avocados first became commonly available in the 1960s. Originating

neg: Diego Diego Diego is a Spanish given name. It derives from a re-analysis of "Sant Yago" (Saint James the Greater) as "San Diego". In Spanish-speaking countries, Diego and Santiago are common as given names; Diego, Santiago and Sandiego are found as surnames. The forms Tiago, Thiago, Diago and Diogo are seen mostly in Portuguese speaking countries. The name Diego can also be found in Italy. The name is on record since the High Middle Ages, "e.g.", Diego de Acebo (13th century). During the medieval era, the names "Sant Yago", "Diago" and "Diego" coexisted. "Sant Yago" is used, for example, in a

neg: Mexican Spanish of Mexican Spanish. Regarding the evolution of the Spanish spoken in Mexico, the Swedish linguist points out that in Central Mexican Spanish—unlike most varieties in the other Spanish-speaking countries—the vowels lose strength, while consonants are fully pronounced. Malmberg attributes this to a Nahuatl substratum, as part of a broader cultural phenomenon that preserves aspects of indigenous culture through place names of Nahuatl origin, statues that commemorate Aztec rulers, etc. The Mexican linguist , however, finds similar weakening of vowels in regions of several other Spanish-speaking countries; he also finds no similarity between the vowel behavior of Nahuatl and that of

neg: Our Lady of Solitude Our Lady of Solitude Our Lady of Solitude () is a title of Mary (mother of Jesus) and a special form of Marian devotion practised in Spanish-speaking countries to commemorate the solitude of Mary on Holy Saturday. Variant names include Nuestra Señora de la Soledad, Maria Santisima, Nuestra Señora Dolorosisima de la Soledad, and Virgen de la Soledad. The title originates with Queen Juana lamenting the early death of her husband Philip I of Castile in 1506. María de la Soledad's feast day is celebrated on December 18 in Spanish-speaking countries, and on Holy Saturday in English-speaking countries. The image

neg: Rial (surname) Rial (surname) Rial is a surname, family name, or last name (i.e., apellido in Spanish). The surname "Rial" is a very old family name and people with that last name can be found in small numbers in several countries of the western world that use the English language (e.g., Scotland, Canada, The United States) and found in significant numbers in Spanish and Portuguese speaking countries, namely, Spain, several Caribbean countries, and in several North and South American countries. The surname "Rial" is correctly pronounced in modern English like the English words "dial" and "vial" with the accent-stress placed on the

neg: Renatus Renatus Renatus is a first name of Latin origin which means "born again" (natus = born). In countries of Italian, Portuguese and Spanish languages it exists in a masculine and feminine form i.e., Renato and Renata. In the French language they have been translated to René and Renée. The feminine form Renate is also common in Norwegian, Dutch and German language-speaking countries. Renata is a common female name in Poland, Czech Republic, Croatia, Lithuania and Slovakia. In Russia the names ' (') (usually as Rinat) and ' (') are widespread among the Tatar population. In some Spanish speaking countries, the

neg: North America Greenland shares some cultural ties with the indigenous people of Canada but is considered Nordic and has strong Danish ties due to centuries of colonization by Denmark. Spanish-speaking North America shares a common past as former Spanish colonies. In Mexico and the Central American countries where civilizations like the Maya developed, indigenous people preserve traditions across modern boundaries. Central American and Spanish-speaking Caribbean nations have historically had more in common due to geographical proximity. Northern Mexico, particularly in the cities of Monterrey, Tijuana, Ciudad Juárez, and Mexicali, is strongly influenced by the culture and way of life of the United

neg: Foreign relations of Belize Foreign relations of Belize "Belize" maintains 14 embassies to foreign countries, one consulate, and three missions to international organizations. In 1990, Belize became a member of the Organization of American States. To strengthen its potential for economic and political development Belize has sought to build closer ties with the Spanish-speaking countries of Central America to complement its historical ties to the English-speaking Caribbean states. Recent foreign policy initiatives include joining with the other Central American countries in signing the CONCAUSA Agreement on regional sustainable development and becoming a full member of the Central American Integration System (SICA) Belize is a

neg: Jeringonza alternate names in Spanish-speaking countries: "jeringozo" in Argentina and Uruguay, "jerigonzo", "jerigonza" or "jerigoncio" in Chile and Colombia, and so on. In other countries it is called simply "idioma de la pe" (Spanish for "P-language") and in Andalucía, "con la pe" (with the P). Most names derive from the Spanish word jerigonza, which can mean either jargon or gibberish. This game, with almost identical rules but using whether the European Portuguese or the Brazilian Portuguese language, is popular with Portuguese and Brazilian children under the name of Língua do Pê (Portuguese for "P-language"), but the word "geringonça" means a complicated,

neg: Comparison of Portuguese and Spanish "Mary left", Spanish "María salió", and Portuguese "A Maria saiu". Note, however, that in many Spanish dialects the definite article is used before personal names; thus, "la María salió" is commonly heard. Portuguese uses the definite article before the names of some cities and almost all countries except relatively new ones, such as "Cingapura"/"Singapura" ('Singapore'), and those related to Portugal (or with which Portugal has historical relationships, even though this is a rough rule) and the Portuguese-speaking countries, e.g., "a Holanda" but "Portugal"; "o México" but "Angola", "a Suécia", but "Moçambique". The major exception to the country rule is "o

neg: Erica Vaal air to span 25 years. During her research for content, Vaal traveled frequently to Latin America and the Caribbean islands. She grasped and documented the mentality of the people, their customs, their music and their religions in depth and detail. Her radio show made her the unofficial coordinator and cultural representative of most Spanish speaking countries in Austria, mostly by the Embassies and Cultural Centers. Many Spanish speaking music related personality at that time were in her company throughout their Austrian stay - interviewed, escorted by, and translated for - by Vaal. She compiled an extensive body of research on

neg: Métis in other French colonies, including Guadeloupe in the Caribbean; Senegal in West Africa; Algeria in North Africa; and the former French Indochina in Southeast Asia. In Latin America, a similar word is "mestizo" in Spanish-speaking countries, and in Portuguese-speaking countries, "mestiço" is also used. The English word "mestee" is a corruption of the Middle French "mestis" (the letters 's' both pronounced at the start of the Middle French period, and both silent at the end of the Middle French period). It has also been used to refer to people of mixed race born generally to indigenous women and French men

neg: Our Lady of Solitude and of Cavite Province, Philippines, under the name Nuestra Señora de la Soledad de Porta Vaga. The Mission Nuestra Señora de la Soledad in Soledad, California was devoted to María de la Soledad. The given name María de la Soledad, often shortened to Marisol or Soledad, is used in Spanish-speaking countries. Our Lady of Solitude Our Lady of Solitude () is a title of Mary (mother of Jesus) and a special form of Marian devotion practised in Spanish-speaking countries to commemorate the solitude of Mary on Holy Saturday. Variant names include Nuestra Señora de la Soledad, Maria Santisima, Nuestra Señora

neg: El Dorado Rum of rums from different stills, aged in oak barrels. The age statement specifically indicates the youngest rum in the blend. This rule is the same as the one for Scotch Whisky and is used for rums produced in English-speaking countries. In contrast, the age statement on the label of rums produced by the Solera system indicates the oldest rum contained in the blend. This is a traditional method of ageing used in sherry production and is usually associated with rums from Spanish-speaking countries. They have been announced as an official partner of the inaugural tournament of the 2013 Caribbean Premier

neg: International Premier Tennis League 7 November 2014, IPTL announced it had reached agreements on television broadcast contracts with ABS-CBN in the Philippines and SingTel in Singapore. The league also said there would be television coverage of its matches in the United Kingdom, France, Italy, the Czech Republic, Serbia, Southeast Asia, Sub-Saharan Africa, Latin America and Brazil. In total, television coverage of IPTL matches will be available in more than 125 countries worldwide and reach over 300 million households. Starting in the 2015 season, ESPN will broadcast the IPTL to the Spanish-speaking Latin American and English-speaking Caribbean countries. In November 9, 2015, IPTL went into

neg: Foreign relations of Belize member of CARICOM which was founded in 1973. Belize has been a member state of the Commonwealth since 1981, when it became an independent Commonwealth realm. Belize is a member of the following multilateral bodies. Foreign relations of Belize "Belize" maintains 14 embassies to foreign countries, one consulate, and three missions to international organizations. In 1990, Belize became a member of the Organization of American States. To strengthen its potential for economic and political development Belize has sought to build closer ties with the Spanish-speaking countries of Central America to complement its historical ties to the English-speaking Caribbean states. Recent

neg: Names of large numbers Names of large numbers This article lists and discusses the usage and derivation of names of large numbers, together with their possible extensions. The following table lists those names of large numbers that are found in many English dictionaries and thus have a special claim to being "real words." The "Traditional British" values shown are unused in American English and are obsolete in British English, but their other-language variants are dominant in many non-English-speaking areas, including continental Europe and Spanish-speaking countries in Latin America; see Long and short scales. Indian English does not use millions, but has its own system

neg: Film festival The Havana Film Festival was founded in 1979 and is the oldest continuous annual film festival in the Caribbean. Its focus is on Latin American cinema. The Trinidad and Tobago Film Festival, founded in 2006, is dedicated to screening the newest films from the English-, Spanish, French- and Dutch-speaking Caribbean, as well as the region's diaspora. It also seeks to facilitate the growth of Caribbean cinema by offering a wide-ranging industry programme and networking opportunities. Many film festivals are dedicated exclusively to animation. A variety of regional festivals happen in various countries. Austin Film Festival is accredited by the Academy

neg: Metric system (Spanish) and ' (Russian). Variations are also found with the spelling of unit names in countries using the same language, including differences in American English and British spelling. For example, "meter" and "liter" are used in the United States whereas "metre" and "litre" are used in other English-speaking countries. In addition, the official US spelling for the rarely used SI prefix for ten is "deka". In American English the term "metric ton" is the normal usage whereas in other varieties of English "tonne" is common. "Gram" is also sometimes spelled "gramme" in English-speaking countries other than the United States, though

neg: Rainbow Brite Pays de l'Arc-en-Ciel (The Blonde Girl from the Land of the Rainbow) or just Blondine for short. In German speaking countries and regions, she was called Regina Regenbogen (Regina Rainbow). In Italy she was called Iridella which came from her iridescent dress. In both Spanish and Portuguese speaking markets she was called Arco Iris (also Rainbow). In Spain, she was also called Rubita (a diminutive for Blonde). The other characters in the Rainbow Brite universe also had language-specific names. The French names for everyone in Rainbow Land in Canadian French were different than the names used in European French. In

neg: Puerto Viejo de Talamanca Puerto Viejo de Talamanca Puerto Viejo de Talamanca is a coastal town in Talamanca in Limón Province in southeastern Costa Rica, known simply as Puerto Viejo to locals. The town was originally called Old Harbor until the Spanish central Costa Rican government institutionalized Spanish as the new local language and changed the names of the towns and landmarks in the area from English to Spanish. Fields became Bri Bri. Bluff became Cahuita. The Afro-Caribbean English speaking culture was actively dismantled. There is another town commonly known as Puerto Viejo in northeastern Costa Rica, which can confuse visitors. Buses leaving the

neg: Puerto Viejo de Talamanca and has similar average temperatures and precipitation. Puerto Viejo de Talamanca Puerto Viejo de Talamanca is a coastal town in Talamanca in Limón Province in southeastern Costa Rica, known simply as Puerto Viejo to locals. The town was originally called Old Harbor until the Spanish central Costa Rican government institutionalized Spanish as the new local language and changed the names of the towns and landmarks in the area from English to Spanish. Fields became Bri Bri. Bluff became Cahuita. The Afro-Caribbean English speaking culture was actively dismantled. There is another town commonly known as Puerto Viejo in northeastern Costa Rica,

neg: Western Caribbean Zone significant English speaking majorities in the Bay Islands of Honduras. In the countries of official Spanish language, the English speaking minorities have often been disparaged, particularly in Honduras, where the English speaking population is perceived as having been brought in by the fruit companies as a means of undercutting indigenous and mestizo landholding and labor. Their more ancient connections to English colonialism or attempted colonialism, as along the Miskito coast of Nicaragua and Honduras, has been combined with the perceptions that they are agents of North American/United States imperialism. This perception has led to occasionally racist depictions of the population

neg: René René René ("born again" or "reborn" in French) is a common first name in both French-speaking, Spanish-speaking, and Dutch-speaking countries. It derives from the Latin name Renatus. René is the masculine form of the name (Renée being the feminine form). In some non-Francophone countries, however, there exists the habit of giving the name René (sometimes spelled without an accent) to girls as well as boys. In addition, both forms are used as surnames (family names). René as a first name given to boys in the United States reached its peaks in popularity in 1969 and 1983 when it ranked 256th.

neg: Languages of the Caribbean can also be observed on Dominica, Saint Vincent, Carriacou, Petite Martinique and Grenada. Asian languages such as Chinese and other Indian languages such as Tamil are spoken by Asian expatriates and their descendents exclusively. In earlier historical times, other Indo-European languages, such as German, could be found in northeastern parts of the Caribbean. Throughout the long multilingual history of the Caribbean continent, Caribbean languages have been subject to phenomena like language contact, language expansion, language shift, and language death. Two examples are the Spanish expansion, in which Spanish-speaking peoples expanded over most of central Caribbean, thereby displacing Arawak speaking peoples

neg: Joseph which Jesus was buried. The form "Joseph" is used mostly in English, French and German-speaking countries. This spelling form is also used in the Nordic countries. In Persian the name is called "Yousef". In Portuguese and Spanish, the name is called "José". In Arabic, including in the Qur'an, the name is spelled or "Yūsuf". The name has enjoyed significant popularity in its many forms in numerous countries, and "Joseph" was one of the two names, along with "Robert", to have remained in the top 10 boys' names list in the US from 1925 to 1972. It is especially common in

neg: French West Indies 2007. These Caribbean "Départments et Collectivités d’Outre Mer" are also known as the French West Indies. The French Caribbean (or Francophone Caribbean) includes all the French-speaking countries in the region. It can also refer to any area that exhibits a combination of French and Caribbean cultural influences in music, cuisine, style, architecture, and so on. The Francophone Caribbean is a part of the wider French America, which includes all the French-speaking countries in the Americas. However, the term varies in meaning by its usage and frame of reference. It is not used much in France, unless the speaker wants to

neg: Names for United States citizens sense. The United States is called (Pinyin: "měiguó"; Jyutping: "mei5 gwok3") while the continent of America is called (Pinyin: "měizhōu"; Jyutping: "mei5 zau1"). There are separate demonyms derived from each word and a United States citizen is referred to as (Pinyin: "měiguó rén"; Jyutping: "mei5 gwok3 yan4"). Although some Spanish speakers use the translation of American (') as well, the official ' nonetheless recommends instead ' (literally United Statesian) because American can also refer to all of the inhabitants of the continents of North and South America. In Spanish-speaking Latin America and the Caribbean, Americans may be referred to as

neg: Culture of Nicaragua Culture of Nicaragua Music and religious icons in Iberian culture and Amerindian sounds and flavors. The west of Nicaragua was colonized by Spain and has a similar culture to other Spanish-speaking American countries. The eastern half of the country, on the other hand, was once a British protectorate, and English spoken domestically along with Spanish and indigenous languages. Its culture is similar to that of former and present British colonies in the Caribbean, such as Jamaica, Belize, the Cayman Islands, etc. Recent immigration by Spanish speakers has largely influenced younger generations, and an increasing number of people are either bilingual

neg: History of Colombia in the former location of the indigenous Caribbean Calamarí village. Cartagena grew rapidly, fueled first by the gold in the tombs of the Sinú Culture, and later by trade. The thirst for gold and land resulted in Spanish explorers to visit Chibchan speaking areas; resulting in the Spanish conquest of the Chibchan Nations refers to the conquest by the Spanish monarchy of the Chibcha language-speaking nations, mainly the Muisca and Tairona that inhabited present-day Colombia, beginning the Spanish colonization of the Americas. The Spanish advance inland from the Caribbean coast began independently from three different directions, under Jimenéz de Quesáda,

neg: North America from Latin, of Spanish and Portuguese (but French speaking countries are not usually included) predominate: the other republics of Central America (but not always Belize), part of the Caribbean (not the Dutch-, English-, or French-speaking areas), Mexico, and most of South America (except Guyana, Suriname, French Guiana (France), and the Falkland Islands (UK)). The French language has historically played a significant role in North America and now retains a distinctive presence in some regions. Canada is officially bilingual. French is the official language of the Province of Quebec, where 95% of the people speak it as either their first or

neg: Wandering Jew of the wandering Jewish people. These two aspects of the legend are represented in the different names given to the central figure. In German-speaking countries and Russia he is referred to as ' (the immortal, or eternal, Jew) and ' (), while in Romance-speaking countries he is known as ' and ' (French and Italian for "the Wandering Jew"); the English form, probably because it is derived from the French, has followed the Romance. As well as ' (The Wandering Jew), he is known in Spanish as ', (John [who] waits for God). There were claims of sightings of the

neg: Sand dollar (skeletons) of dead individuals after being washed ashore. The test lacks its velvet-like skin of spines and has often been bleached white by sunlight. To beachcombers of the past, this suggested a large, silver coin, such as the old Spanish or American dollar (diameter 38-40mm). Other English names for the creatures include sand cake and cake urchin. In South Africa, they are known as pansy shells from their suggestion of a five-petaled garden flower. The Caribbean sand dollar or inflated sea biscuit, "Clypeaster rosaceus", is thicker in height than most. In Spanish-speaking areas of the Americas, the sand dollar is

neg: Cougar to as "puma" by most scientists and by the populations in 21 of the 23 countries in the Americas. "Puma" is the common name in Spanish or Portuguese-speaking countries but the cat has many local or regional names in the United States and Canada, of which cougar, puma, and mountain lion are popular. "Mountain lion" was a term first used in writing in 1858 from the diary of George Andrew Jackson of Colorado. Other names include catamount (probably a contraction from "cat of the mountain"), mountain screamer, and painter. Lexicographers regard painter as a primarily upper-Southern US regional variant on

neg: Guatemalan Spanish Guatemalan Spanish Guatemalan Spanish () is the national variant of Spanish spoken in the Central American country of Guatemala. About 13.7 million of the 16 million population speak Spanish. It includes the use of the second-person singular personal pronoun "vos" alongside the standard Spanish second-person singular pronouns "tú" and "usted" to form a three-level system of second-person singular address. A number of words widely used in Guatemala which have Mayan or other native origins, in particular names for flora, fauna and toponyms. Some of these words are used in most, or all, Spanish-speaking countries, like "chocolate" and "aguacate" ("avocado"), and

neg: Costa Ricans is among the largest in the Caribbean Basin. Immigrants in Costa Rica represent about 10.2% of the Costa Rican population. The main countries of origin are Nicaragua, Colombia, United States and El Salvador. In 2005, there were 440,957 people in the country living as immigrants. Outward Remittances were $246,000,000 in 2006. Costa Ricans Costa Ricans (Spanish: Costarricenses), also called Ticos, are a group of people from a multiethnic Spanish speaking nation in Central America called Costa Rica. Costa Ricans are predominantly whites, castizos (halfway between white and mestizo) and mestizo, but their country is considered a multiethnic society, which means

neg: Marines Dutch, French, Italian, German, Spanish, Danish, and Norwegian. Because of the use of "marine" to mean navy, exact one-word translations for the term do not exist in many other languages, with the notable exception of the Dutch word "marinier". Typically, marine forces in non-English speaking countries have names that translate in English to "naval infantry" or "coastal infantry". In French-speaking countries, two phrases exist which could be translated as marine, ""troupes de marine"" and ""fusiliers-marins""; similar phrases exist elsewhere, e.g., in Portuguese "Fuzileiros Navais". The principal role of marine troops is military operations in the littoral zone; operating from ships

neg: Politics of Belize the largest provider of economic assistance to Belize, contributing via various bilateral economic and military aid programmes. Belize is a member of the Commonwealth and was granted independence from the United Kingdom in 1981. The United Kingdom maintains a training centre for the army in Belize. In order to strengthen its potential for economic and political development Belize has sought to build closer ties with the Spanish-speaking countries of Central America to complement its historical ties to the English-speaking Caribbean states. Politics of Belize Politics of Belize takes place in a framework of a parliamentary representative democratic monarchy, whereby Queen

neg: Project Gunrunner Crime (CENAPI) was established in 2003. ATF states these are models for planned future tracing centers throughout Central and South America and the Caribbean Basin. In December, 2009, ATF announced deployment of a Spanish version of eTrace to Mexico, Guatemala and Costa Rica. A planned second phase will release the software to all Spanish-speaking countries with agreements with ATF. In June 2011 Congress opened an investigation into Project Gunrunner against the ATF, as some ATF agents have come forward stating that top heads in ATF and the Department of Justice instructed the agents to encourage gun stores in the U.S.

neg: Government of Belize a member of the Commonwealth (formerly the British Empire, then after 1931, the British Commonwealth of Nations) and was granted independence from the United Kingdom in 1981. The United Kingdom maintains a training centre for the army in Belize. In order to strengthen its potential for economic and political development Belize has sought to build closer ties with the Spanish-speaking countries of Central America to complement its historical ties to the other English-speaking Caribbean states. Government of Belize Her Majesty's Government of Belize, also referred to as the Belizean Government is the democratic administrative authority of Belize, a constitutional monarchy

neg: Coypu this invasive species's endurance controversial to human occupants throughout most of its range. The genus name "Myocastor" derives from the two Ancient Greek words (), meaning "rat, mouse", and (), meaning "beaver". Literally, therefore, the name "Myocastor" means "beaver rat". Two names are commonly used in English for "Myocastor coypus". The name "nutria" (from Spanish "nutria") is generally used in North America, Asia, and throughout countries of the former Soviet Union; however, in most Spanish-speaking countries, the word "nutria" refers primarily to the otter. To avoid this ambiguity, the name "coypu" or "coipo" (derived from the Mapudungun language) is used

neg: Commonwealth Caribbean they reside, such as the Caracoles of Honduras. Commonwealth Caribbean The term Commonwealth Caribbean is used to refer to the independent English-speaking countries of the Caribbean region. Upon a country's full independence from the United Kingdom, Anglo Caribbean or Commonwealth Caribbean traditionally becomes the preferred sub-regional term as a replacement to British West Indies. The independent island-nations that are considered as Commonwealth Caribbean include: "Commonwealth Caribbean" also refers to the independent English-speaking country known as the ""Mainland Caribbean"". This includes: Sometimes, it also includes the current Caribbean British overseas territories, although they are usually just referred to as the "British

neg: Reggae and Iyaric dialects. Reggae is noted for its tradition of social criticism and religion in its lyrics, although many reggae songs discuss lighter, more personal subjects, such as love and socializing. Reggae has spread to many countries across the world, often incorporating local instruments and fusing with other genres. Reggae en Español spread from the Spanish speaking Central American country of Panama to the mainland South American countries of Venezuela and Guyana then to the rest of South America. Caribbean music in the United Kingdom, including reggae, has been popular since the late 1960s, and has evolved into several subgenres

neg: Nicaraguans have two such persons. However, nearly all of the estimated 200,000 Nicaraguans who fled to the U.S. (and other nearby Central American countries) between 1978 and 1979 returned after the victory of the Sandinistas in 1979. Nicaraguan culture has strong folklore, music and religious traditions, deeply influenced by European culture but enriched with Native American sounds and flavors. Nicaraguan culture can further be defined in several distinct strands. The Pacific coast has strong folklore, music and religious traditions, deeply influenced by Iberian. It was colonized by Spain and has a similar culture to other Spanish-speaking Latin American countries. The Caribbean

neg: Commonwealth Caribbean Commonwealth Caribbean The term Commonwealth Caribbean is used to refer to the independent English-speaking countries of the Caribbean region. Upon a country's full independence from the United Kingdom, Anglo Caribbean or Commonwealth Caribbean traditionally becomes the preferred sub-regional term as a replacement to British West Indies. The independent island-nations that are considered as Commonwealth Caribbean include: "Commonwealth Caribbean" also refers to the independent English-speaking country known as the ""Mainland Caribbean"". This includes: Sometimes, it also includes the current Caribbean British overseas territories, although they are usually just referred to as the "British West Indies," and they include: Between 1958 and

neg: Diaprepes abbreviatus Diaprepes abbreviatus Diaprepes abbreviatus is a species of weevil that is native to the Caribbean, where in Spanish it is colloquially called chichí. It is an agricultural pest in several Caribbean countries. In 1964 this weevil was accidentally introduced in the US, state of Florida, where it is at present a major pest of citrus. It was first discovered in southern California in 2005, where it is a pest of citrus, avocado, and nursery stock. It is also known to infest sugarcane, tuber-bearing crops such as potatoes, and ornamental plants. Common names for the insect include diaprepes root weevil, citrus

neg: Netherlands They were probably the most commonly used names, besides Flanders, another pars pro toto for the Low Countries, especially in Romance language speaking Europe. The Eighty Years' War (1568–1648) divided the Low Countries into an independent northern Dutch Republic (or Latinised "Belgica Foederata", "Federated Netherlands", the precursor state of the Netherlands) and a Spanish controlled Southern Netherlands (Latinised "Belgica Regia", "Royal Netherlands", the precursor state of Belgium). The Low Countries today is a designation that includes the countries the Netherlands, Belgium and Luxembourg, although in most Romance languages, the term "Low Countries" is used as the name for the Netherlands

neg: Arabic language influence on the Spanish language (derived from Our Lady of Fátima) are common Spanish names rooted in the country's Roman Catholic tradition, but both of which share Arabic etymologies originating in place names of religious significance. Guadalupe, a name present throughout the Spanish-speaking world, but particularly in Mexico, also shares this feature. A few given names of Arab origin have become popular in the Spanish-speaking world. In Spain, this coincided with a more flexible attitude to non-Catholic names, which were highly discouraged during the first decades of the Francoist dictatorship. Arabic names which have been present in Spain for many decades include Omar or Soraya.

neg: Radio of the South Radio of the South The Radio of the South (Spanish: "La Radio del Sur") is an international radio network based in Caracas, Venezuela. It was launched in January 2010, after a trial period of four months, which began shortly after the Second Africa-South America Summit. The network follows the 2005 launch of TeleSur, a television network aimed at Latin America. The network began operations in September 2009 with 88 stations in Latin America, the Caribbean, the United States, Canada and Spain, including 18 stations in Argentina and 10 in Colombia. Whilst initially focussed on countries with Spanish-speaking populations, the network

neg: Alba (given name) Alba (given name) Alba is a "unisex" given name of Latin origin meaning "white" . In Spanish and Italian the name means sunrise or "dawn". In Spanish and Italian speaking countries it is considered to be a female name. It can also be used as a Spanish surname, as in the actress Jessica Alba, or a title, as in the Spanish Dukedom of Alba. It may also be considered a feminine version of Albert or Albinus or of names beginning with the Germanic Alf. Alba is also the Scottish Gaelic name for Scotland and the alba is a subgenre of

neg: Blame It on Lisa "Houston Chronicle" on April 8, 2002 stated that critics in the country were upset by the inclusion of clichés and stereotypes not related to Brazil, such as Brazilians having Spanish accents and wearing mustaches. The general Brazilian perception was that the episode mixed up their culture with that of surrounding Spanish-speaking Latin American countries. Alex Bellos, "The Guardian"s correspondent in Brazil, commented that one of the things upsetting the Brazilians was the many inaccuracies featured in the episode, such as the conga and the macarena being popular dances in Brazil; the conga is actually a Caribbean dance, and the macarena

neg: Alba (given name) Occitan lyric poetry. Alba (given name) Alba is a "unisex" given name of Latin origin meaning "white" . In Spanish and Italian the name means sunrise or "dawn". In Spanish and Italian speaking countries it is considered to be a female name. It can also be used as a Spanish surname, as in the actress Jessica Alba, or a title, as in the Spanish Dukedom of Alba. It may also be considered a feminine version of Albert or Albinus or of names beginning with the Germanic Alf. Alba is also the Scottish Gaelic name for Scotland and the alba is

neg: Portuguese colonization of the Americas the State of Maranhão and Piauí; and the State of Grão-Pará and Rio Negro) were united into a singular colony, under the State of Brazil. This arrangement would last until the end of Colonial Brazil. As a result, Brazil did not split into several countries, as happened to its Spanish-speaking neighbors. The "Early Navigators" practically have been to the entire Caribbean, from The Bahamas to Jamaica. Papiamento, one of the languages spoken in the islands, is a mixture of Portuguese , Spanish and African languages. Portuguese merchants have been trading in the West Indies. To such an extent, that, for

neg: Music of Latin America by the music of the United States giving rise to genres such as Latin pop, rock, jazz, hip hop, and reggaeton. Geographically, it usually refers to the Spanish and Portuguese-speaking regions of Latin America, but sometimes includes Francophone countries and territories of the Caribbean and South America as well. It also encompasses Latin American styles that have originated in the United States such as salsa and Tejano. The origins of Latin American music can be traced back to the Spanish and Portuguese conquest of the Americas in the 16th century, when the European settlers brought their music from overseas. Latin

neg: Afro-Mexicans Afro-Mexicans Afro-Mexicans (), also known as Black Mexicans are Mexicans who have both a predominant heritage from Sub-Saharan Africa and identify as such. As a single population, Afro-Mexicans includes individuals descended from Spanish colonial era transatlantic African slaves brought to Mexico, as well as others of more recent immigrant African descent, including Afro-descended persons from neighbouring English, French, and Spanish-speaking countries of the Caribbean and Central America, and to a lesser extent recent immigrants directly from Africa. Afro-Mexicans are most concentrated in specific, largely isolated communities, including the populations of the Costa Chica of Oaxaca and Guerrero, Veracruz and in

neg: Hispanic and Latino Americans Amerindian ancestry. Many Hispanics and Latinos from the Caribbean, as well as other regions of Latin America where African slavery was widespread, may be of sub-Saharan African descent as well. The difference between the terms "Hispanic" and "Latino" is confusing to some. The U.S. Census Bureau equates the two terms and defines them as referring to anyone from Spain and the Spanish-speaking countries of the Americas. After the Mexican–American War concluded in 1848, term "Hispanic" or "Spanish American" was primarily used to describe the Hispanos of New Mexico within the American Southwest. The 1970 United States Census controversially broadened the

neg: Guyana school. Schools have introduced the CAPE exams which all other Caribbean countries have introduced. The A-level system, inherited from the British era, has all but disappeared and is offered only in a few schools. Further adding to the problems of the educational system, many of the better-educated professional teachers have emigrated to other countries over the past two decades, mainly because of low pay, lack of opportunities and crime. Guyana's culture is very similar to that of the English-speaking Caribbean, and has historically been tied to the English-speaking Caribbean as part of the British Empire when it became a possession

neg: Moore Street Retail Market Spanish-speaking Caribbean countries or Latin America, and primarily sell products such as fruit, vegetables, crafts, herbs, candles and ethnic food from their respective countries. The market also serves as an economic and cultural anchor for Williamsburg and its community, regularly holding events for the public. The market is located on 110 Moore Street in Brooklyn, and is accessible via the New York City Subway's at the Flushing Avenue station. Moore Street Retail Market Moore Street Market, often referred to La Marqueta de Williamsburg, is one of four surviving public markets built by Mayor Fiorello La Guardia in New York City

neg: René Since 1983 its popularity has steadily declined and it ranked 881st in 2016. René as a first name given to girls in the United States reached its peak in popularity in 1962 when it ranked 306th. The last year for which René was ranked in the top 1000 names given to girls in the United States was 1988. René René ("born again" or "reborn" in French) is a common first name in both French-speaking, Spanish-speaking, and Dutch-speaking countries. It derives from the Latin name Renatus. René is the masculine form of the name (Renée being the feminine form). In some

neg: Baaloul names surnames. These families joined entirely to a population of more than 1,200 people. The official language of [[Lebanon]] is [[Arabic language|Arabic]], and as a second language [[French language|French]]; however Baaloul the main language spoken by the community, both within the town and beyond this is the [[Spanish language|Spanish]], given the number of emigrants to Spanish-speaking countries. After the Spanish the most widely used languages are [[Arabic language|Arabic]], the [[English language|English]] and [[Portuguese language|Portuguese]]. [[Category:Populated places in Western Beqaa District]] [[Category:Sunni Muslim communities in Lebanon]] [[Category:Maronite Christian communities in Lebanon]] Baaloul Baaloul (in Arabic بعلول, . Tr " B'alūl ")

neg: Non-English versions of The Simpsons sponsored by Luxembourg Post. "The Simpsons" is dubbed into the Spanish language twice, once in Spain, and again in Mexico targeted to all Spanish-speaking countries in the Americas. In both versions, the show is named "Los Simpson", as last names are pluralized in Spanish using the article rather than the -s suffix (although it's commonly misspelled as "Los Simpsons"). There are many differences between the two versions, as there are differences between the Spanish spoken in Spain and in Hispanic America. In Hispanic America, Homer is translated as "Homero Simpson", but in Spain it is not translated. Other translations in

neg: Commonwealth Caribbean 1962, there was a short-lived federation between several Anglophone Caribbean countries, called the West Indies Federation. The Anglophone Caribbean makes up a composite cricket team. The West Indies cricket team also includes Guyana, as another former British colony. Bermuda, the U.S. and British Virgin Islands, and the English-speaking Dutch West Indies also participate in Anglophone Caribbean-related sports activities such as 20/20 Cricket. In addition to these formally recognized countries, there are substantial communities of Anglo-Caribbean origin along the Atlantic or Caribbean coast of Central America, as a part of the Western Caribbean Zone. These communities, which began forming in the

neg: Annatto has been traditionally used as both a coloring and flavoring agent in Latin America, the Caribbean, the Philippines, and other countries where it was taken home by Spanish and Portuguese explorers in the 16th century. It has various local names according to region. Its use has spread in historic times to other parts of the world, and it was incorporated in local culinary traditions of many countries outside the Americas. Ground annatto seeds, often mixed with other seeds or spices, are used in the form of paste or powder for culinary use, especially in Latin American, Jamaican, Belizean, Chamorro, Vietnamese,

neg: Caribbean Community official United Nations Observer. Established mainly by the English-speaking parts of the Caribbean, CARICOM has become multilingual in practice with the addition of Dutch-speaking Suriname on 4 July 1995 and Haitian Kreyòl- and French-speaking Haiti on 2 July 2002. Furthermore, it was suggested that Spanish should also become a working language. In July 2012, CARICOM announced that they were considering making French and Dutch official languages. In 2001, the heads of government signed a revised Treaty of Chaguaramas that cleared the way to transform the idea of a common market CARICOM into a Caribbean (CARICOM) Single Market and Economy. Part

neg: Nicaraguan Spanish "vos", rather than "usted". "Tú" is hardly used in Nicaraguan Spanish, except in addressing foreigners familiarly, in speech or in writing. Due in part to the influence of Mexican, Colombian, and Venezuelan television programming, Nicaraguans are familiar with tuteo, and some television viewers, especially children, have begun to use it in limited contexts. A number of words widely used in Nicaragua which have Nahuatl, Mayan or other native origins, in particular names for flora, fauna and toponyms. Some of these words are used in most, or all, Spanish-speaking countries, like "chocolate" and "aguacate" ("avocado"), and some are only used in

neg: Vasquez Vasquez Vázquez (also spelled Vásquez, Vasques), in non Spanish-speaking countries often as Vazquez or Vasquez, is an originally Galician surname, in use not only in Galicia but all over Spanish-speaking world. To a lesser extent it also occurs in Portuguese-speaking countries, where Vasco as surname predominates. Vasquez means "[son] of Vasco" and Vasco comes from the pre-Roman latinized name "Velascus" - a name of uncertain origin and meaning, but probably meaning Basque or Iberian. In Galician-Portuguese the pre-Roman name becomes Velascu > Veascu > Vaasco > Vasco. It is known that in some Spanish-speaking countries, families of non-Iberian ancestry have

neg: Gender inequality in the English Caribbean Gender inequality in the English Caribbean Gender inequality in the English Caribbean refers to gaps between individuals based on gender in the Anglophone countries of the Caribbean. These gaps persist in the areas of human and physical capital endowments, in economic opportunities, and in the ability to make choices to achieve desired outcomes (agency). Caribbean countries have been moving toward compliance with the United Nation's Convention on the Elimination on Discrimination Against Women (CEDAW), but according to the UN Women Caribbean department, there is still work to be done to achieve gender equality in the region. In the English speaking

neg: Member states of the Caribbean Community (and English Creole) speaking Caribbean countries, but has since become a multilingual organisation in practice with the addition of Dutch-speaking Suriname on 4 July 1995 and French and Haitian Creole speaking Haiti on 2 July 2002. As of 4 July 2002 there are fifteen full members of the Caribbean Community, four of which are founding members. In July 1999, Anguilla once again became involved with CARICOM when it gained associate membership. Before this, Anguilla had briefly been a part of CARICOM (1974–1980) as a constituent of the full member state of Saint Christopher-Nevis-Anguilla. The Bahamas had begun participating in the

neg: Spondias mombin language ). In El Salvador, it is called Jocote de Corona. Among the English-speaking Caribbean islands it is known as yellow mombin or hog plum, while in Jamaica it is called Spanish plum, gully plum or coolie plum. In Surinam the fruit is called Mope. In Brazil, the fruit is known by several different names, such as cajá, taperebá and ambaló. In Peru, it is known as uvos or mango ciruelo. In Ghana, it is hog plum or Ashanti plum. It is called "Akukor" in the Ewe language of Ghana. In Bengali, it is called "আমড়া" (Amṛa). In Nigeria, the

neg: Spondias mombin the poison ivy plant. Those with a known sensitivity to urushiol should exercise caution in consuming or handling this species. In traditional medicine, "Spondias mombin" has had a variety of uses. The fruit has been used as a diuretic and febrifuge. The bark is astringent and used as an emetic and for diarrhea, dysentery, hemorrhoids, gonorrhoea, and leukorrhea. The flowers and leaves are used to make a tea for stomach ache, biliousness, urethritis, cystitis, and inflammation. "Spondias mombin" has several common names. Throughout the Spanish-speaking Caribbean and in Costa Rica and Mexico it is called jobo (derived from the Carib

neg: Languages of the Caribbean After gaining independence, many Caribbean countries, in the search for national unity, selected one language (generally the former colonial language) to be used in government and education. In recent years, Caribbean countries have become increasingly convinced of the importance of linguistic diversity. Language policies that are being developed nowadays are mostly aimed at multilingualism. Of the 38 million West Indians (as of 2001), about 62% speak Spanish (a west Caribbean lingua franca). About 25% speak French, about 15% speak English, and 5% speak Dutch. Spanish, English, and French are important languages: 24 million, 9 million, and 5 million speak them

neg: Languages of the Caribbean island first or longest. The first permanent English colonies were founded at Saint Kitts (1624) and Barbados (1627). The English language is the third most established throughout the Caribbean; however, due to the relatively small populations of the English-speaking territories, only 14% of West Indians are English speakers. English is the official language of about 18 Caribbean territories inhabited by about 6 million people, though most inhabitants of these islands may more properly be described as speaking English creoles rather than local varieties of standard English. The Caribbean English speakers are outnumbered by Spanish speakers by a ratio of about

neg: Community of Latin American and Caribbean States Twelve English-speaking countries (1.3% of the area, 1.1% of the population) One Dutch-speaking country (0.8% of the area, 0.1% of the population) Twelve countries are in South America, which accounts for 87% of the area and 68% of the population. On February 23, 2010, Latin American leaders at the 23rd Rio Group summit in Playa del Carmen, Quintana Roo, Mexico, said they were forming an organisation of the Latin American and Caribbean states. Once its charter was developed, the group was formally established in July 2011, at a summit in Caracas. The bloc will be the main forum for political

neg: Surname misappropriations of European surnames, perhaps as a result of the registration process at the immigration entry points. Spellings and pronunciations of names remained fluid in the United States until the Social Security System enforced standardization. Approximately 70% of Canadians have surnames that are of English, Irish, French, or Scottish derivation. According to some estimates, 85% of China's population shares just 100 surnames. The names Wang (王), Zhang (张) and Li (李) are the most frequent. In Spain and in most Spanish-speaking countries, the custom is for people to have two surnames. Usually the first surname comes from the father and

neg: Vere Bird movement. One of Bird's dreams was a Caribbean that was united politically and economically. Bird ardently supported the West Indies Federation and when that collapsed in 1962, negotiated hard for a federation of the "Little Eight" countries. In 1965, together with premiers Errol Barrow of Barbados and Forbes Burnham of Guyana, he brought the Caribbean Free Trade Association (CARIFTA) into being. That Association later led to the Caribbean Community and Common Market (Caricom), comprising 12 of the English-speaking Caribbean countries, two more than were members of the West Indies Federation. On 1 November 1981, he became the first Prime minister

neg: Ibero-America Ibero-America Ibero-America (, ) or Iberian America is a region in the Americas comprising countries or territories where Spanish or Portuguese are predominant languages, usually former territories of Portugal or Spain. Portugal and Spain are themselves included in some definitions, such as that of the Ibero-American Summit and the Organization of Ibero-American States. The Organization of Ibero-American States also includes Spanish-speaking Equatorial Guinea, in Central Africa, but not the Portuguese-speaking African countries. The prefix "Ibero-" and the adjective "Iberian" refer to the Iberian Peninsula in Europe, which includes Portugal and Spain. Ibero-America includes all Spanish-speaking countries in North, Central, and

neg: Filipino name case is actually "Christian name - Mother's surname - Father's surname" (Francisco Concepcion Casas or simply Francisco C. Casas). The conjunction "y" was dropped, although it is still used in certain contexts today (most notably names in criminal records, like the names used in placards used in mug shots, such as shown in the image on the right). Currently, the middle name is usually, though not always, the mother's maiden name (followed by the last name which is the father's surname). This is the opposite of what is done in Spanish-speaking countries and is similar to the way surnames are

neg: Cassia fistula khoun" are associated with the Lao New Year. People use the flowers as offerings at the temple and also hang them in their homes for the New Year in belief that the flowers will bring happiness and good luck to the households. Being so conspicuous and widely planted, this tree has a number of common names. In English, it is known as the golden shower, purging cassia, Indian laburnum or golden shower cassia. It is known in Spanish-speaking countries as "caña fistula". Names from its native range and surrounding regions include: (2008): Kerala Symbols Cassia fistula Cassia fistula, known as

neg: Nueva ola Nueva ola The nueva ola (; Spanish for "new wave") was a loosely affiliated group of musicians, mainly in Spanish-speaking South America, who played and introduced rock 'n roll and other American and European music of the 1950s and 1960s to their countries. Nueva ola bands usually had their names in English and rather than producing their own material they recorded versions of songs that were already popular in the United States or Europe. More than an artistic movement the nueva ola was an economic and social phenomenon that marked the beginning of youth culture and pop music in South

neg: Pseudoplatystoma Pseudoplatystoma Pseudoplatystoma is a genus of several South American catfish species of family Pimelodidae. The species are known by a number of different common names. They typically inhabit major rivers where they prefer the main channels and tend to stay at maximum depth, but some species can also be seen in lakes, flooded forests, and other freshwater habitats. They have robust bodies, and are important food fish. In their native waters, these fish may be called "surubí" in Guaraní. This name is also used in some Spanish-speaking countries and in Brazil ("surubi" or "surubim"). In Peruvian Spanish, they are called

neg: Crème caramel Crème caramel Crème caramel (), flan, or caramel dessert is a custard dessert with a layer of clear caramel sauce, as opposed to crème brûlée which is custard with an added hard clear caramel layer on top. Crème caramel used to be ubiquitous in European restaurants; food historian Alan Davidson remarks: Both "crème caramel" (French 'caramel cream') and "flan" are French names, but "flan" has come to have different meanings in different regions. In Spanish-speaking countries and in The United States of America, "flan" refers to crème caramel. This was originally a Spanish usage, but the dish is now best

neg: Nueva ola a feeling nonconformity grew among the youth, which saw the phenomenon as too carefree and compliant. Before the dissolution of the group and "as a farewell," an "El club del clan" film directed by Enrique Carreras was released on March 12, 1964. Nueva ola The nueva ola (; Spanish for "new wave") was a loosely affiliated group of musicians, mainly in Spanish-speaking South America, who played and introduced rock 'n roll and other American and European music of the 1950s and 1960s to their countries. Nueva ola bands usually had their names in English and rather than producing their own

neg: Rum nomenclature, the following divisions are provided to help show the wide variety of rums produced. Within the Caribbean, each island or production area has a unique style. For the most part, these styles can be grouped by the language traditionally spoken. Due to the overwhelming influence of Puerto Rican rum, most rum consumed in the United States is produced in the "Spanish-speaking" style. Cachaça is a spirit similar to rum that is produced in Brazil. Some countries, including the United States, classify cachaça as a type of rum. Seco, from Panama, is also a spirit similar to rum, but also