query: who wrote the book two treatises of government

pos: Two Treatises of Government Two Treatises of Government Two Treatises of Government (or Two Treatises of Government: In the Former, The False Principles, and Foundation of Sir Robert Filmer, and His Followers, Are Detected and Overthrown. The Latter Is an Essay Concerning The True Original, Extent, and End of Civil Government) is a work of political philosophy published anonymously in 1689 by John Locke. The "First Treatise" attacks patriarchalism in the form of sentence-by-sentence refutation of Robert Filmer's "Patriarcha", while the "Second Treatise" outlines Locke's ideas for a more civilized society based on natural rights and contract theory. This publication contrasts former political works

pos: Robert Filmer the complete works of Filmer: Robert Filmer Sir Robert Filmer (c. 1588 – 26 May 1653) was an English political theorist who defended the divine right of kings. His best known work, "Patriarcha", published posthumously in 1680, was the target of numerous Whig attempts at rebuttal, including Algernon Sidney's "Discourses Concerning Government", James Tyrrell's "Patriarcha Non Monarcha" and John Locke's "Two Treatises of Government". Filmer also wrote critiques of Thomas Hobbes, John Milton, Hugo Grotius and Aristotle. The eldest child of Sir Edward Filmer and Elizabeth Filmer (née Argall) of East Sutton in Kent, he studied at Trinity College, Cambridge,

pos: Robert Filmer Robert Filmer Sir Robert Filmer (c. 1588 – 26 May 1653) was an English political theorist who defended the divine right of kings. His best known work, "Patriarcha", published posthumously in 1680, was the target of numerous Whig attempts at rebuttal, including Algernon Sidney's "Discourses Concerning Government", James Tyrrell's "Patriarcha Non Monarcha" and John Locke's "Two Treatises of Government". Filmer also wrote critiques of Thomas Hobbes, John Milton, Hugo Grotius and Aristotle. The eldest child of Sir Edward Filmer and Elizabeth Filmer (née Argall) of East Sutton in Kent, he studied at Trinity College, Cambridge, where he matriculated in 1604.

pos: Self-ownership unequal results. Some left-libertarians of the Steiner–Vallentyne type support some form of income redistribution on the grounds of a claim by each individual to be entitled to an equal share of natural resources. John Locke wrote in his "Two Treatises on Government" that "every man has a Property in his own Person". Locke also said that the individual "has a right to decide what would become of himself and what he would do, and as having a right to reap the benefits of what he did". Josiah Warren was the first who wrote about the "sovereignty of the individual". Self-ownership

pos: Two Treatises of Government by John Locke in "Two Treatises of Government" as part of his social contract theory. Locke declared that under natural law, all people have the right to life, liberty, and estate; under the social contract, the people could instigate a revolution against the government when it acted against the interests of citizens, to replace the government with one that served the interests of citizens. In some cases, Locke deemed revolution an obligation. The right of revolution thus essentially acted as a safeguard against tyranny. Locke affirmed an explicit right to revolution in "Two Treatises of Government": “"whenever the Legislators endeavor

pos: English literature would dominate later periods, fiction and journalism. Religious writing often strayed into political and economic writing, just as political and economic writing implied or directly addressed religion. The Restoration was also the time when John Locke wrote many of his philosophical works. His two "Treatises on Government," which later inspired the thinkers in the American Revolution. The Restoration moderated most of the more strident sectarian writing, but radicalism persisted after the Restoration. Puritan authors such as John Milton were forced to retire from public life or adapt, and those authors who had preached against monarchy and who had participated directly

pos: Life, Liberty and the pursuit of Happiness of them actually influenced Jefferson. Jefferson declared himself an Epicurean during his lifetime: this is a philosophical doctrine that teaches the pursuit of happiness, here meaning "prosperity, thriving, wellbeing" and proposes autarchy, which translates as self-rule, self-sufficiency or freedom. The greatest disagreement comes between those who suggest the phrase was drawn from John Locke and those who identify some other source. In 1689, Locke argued in his "Two Treatises of Government" that political society existed for the sake of protecting "property", which he defined as a person's "life, liberty, and estate". In "A Letter Concerning Toleration", he wrote that the

pos: Joseph Priestley and Dissent result was Priestley's "Essay on the First Principles of Government", which Priestley's major modern biographer calls his "most systematic political work," in 1768. The book went through three English editions and was translated into Dutch. Jeremy Bentham credited it with inspiring his "greatest happiness principle." The "Essay on Government" is not strictly utilitarian, however; like all of Priestley's works, it is infused with the belief that society is progressing towards perfection. Although much of the text rearticulates John Locke's arguments from his "Two Treatises on Government" (1689), it also makes a useful distinction between political and civil rights and argues

pos: Henry Morley by George Routledge. "Cassell's National Library" was published from 1886, totalling 209 weekly editions. Morley was the author of biographies on Bernard Palissy, Heinrich Cornelius Agrippa, Gerolamo Cardano and Clément Marot. He also wrote introductions to two books written by John Locke—the 1884 edition of "Two Treatises of Government" and the 1889 edition of "A Letter Concerning Toleration". Morley's principal work, however, was "English Writers" (10 volumes 1864-94), coming down to William Shakespeare. His "First Sketch of English Literature"—the study for the larger work—had reached at his death a circulation of 34,000 copies. Henry Morley Henry Morley (15 September 1822

neg: Catholic Church and science heralds of bad news. Among these clerical scholars was Bishop Isidore of Seville who wrote a comprehensive encyclopedia of natural knowledge, the monk Bede of Jarrow who wrote treatises on "The Reckoning of Time" and "The Nature of Things", Alcuin of York, abbot of the Abbey of Marmoutier, who advised Charlemagne on scientific matters, and Rabanus Maurus, Archbishop of Mainz and one of the most prominent teachers of the Carolingian Age, who, Like Bede, wrote treatises on computus and "On the Nature of Things". Abbot Ælfric of Eynsham, who is known mostly for his Old English sermons, wrote a book

neg: Two Treatises of Government all of these sections. There were no other American editions until the 20th century. "Two Treatises" is divided into the "First Treatise" and the "Second Treatise". The original title of the "Second Treatise" appears to have been simply "Book II," corresponding to the title of the "First Treatise", "Book I." Before publication, however, Locke gave it greater prominence by (hastily) inserting a separate title page: "An Essay Concerning the True Original, Extent and End of Civil Government." The "First Treatise" is focused on the refutation of Sir Robert Filmer, in particular his "Patriarcha", which argued that civil society was founded

neg: Eleanor Knowles biographies of Howard W. Hunter and William J. Critchlow, Jr. She also wrote many articles for the "Ensign" and edited books by several general authorities. Knowles retired from Deseret Book in 1994. In February 2007, Knowles married Richard B. Laney, a former editorial editor of the "Deseret News", in the Bountiful Utah Temple. Knowles also contributed two articles to the Encyclopedia of Mormonism in 1992, one on "Deseret Book Company" and the second under "Doctrine - Treatises on Doctrine." "Encyclopedia of Mormonism" Eleanor Knowles - article - "Deseret Book Company" Volume 1, p. 374; article - "Doctrine-Treatises on Doctrine", volume

neg: Cristóvão Ferreira law, and called himself "a member of the Zen sect", but his own publications attest that he adopted a philosophy of natural law: After his apostasy he married a Japanese woman and wrote several books, including treatises on Western astronomy and medicine, which became widely distributed in the Edo period. He also is alleged to have privately written a book on religion entitled 「顕偽録」 ("The Deception Revealed") in 1636, but it was not published for 300 years and there is some controversy concerning who wrote it. He participated in government trials of other captured Jesuits. He was often present during

neg: Masarjawaih a translator, and was the author of two treatises (on colors and on foods), was called ""'Isa"", that is, "Jesus"; whose name indicates that this son had converted to Christianity. Masarjawaih translated the medical "Pandects" of the archdeacon or presbyter Aaron of Alexandria (fl. c. 610-641) from the Syriac into Arabic and added to the thirty chapters of this translation two of his own. This is believed to be the first scientific book to have been translated into Arabic. He also wrote in Arabic two treatises, "The Virtues of Foods, Their Advantage and Their Disadvantage", and "The Virtues of the

neg: Book of Numbers (novel) his soul." Adam Mars-Jones, writing in the "London Review of Books," said about the novel, "There are wonderful things here cloaked with an invisibility spell, tucked away in the middle of the book, where only the stubbornest seeker after enchantment will find them." Cohen wrote the novel before the Edward Snowden leaks, but the narrative predicts several of the government initiatives revealed by Snowden. Cohen read numerous books and treatises about the Internet's history and studied the biographies of technologists before and during the writing of the book. Book of Numbers (novel) Book of Numbers, published in 2015, is a

neg: Judah ibn Balaam Balaam thoroughly analyzed the studies of his predecessors, but carefully selected only the most valuable and essential elements. He wrote two treatises on halacha, "Sefer Hatsimud" (Book of the Union) and "Sefer Hahakhra'a" (Book of Decision). He also wrote commentaries on most Tanakh books in Arabic. From "Kitab al-Tarjiḥ", exegesis on the Pentateuch, only the comments on the Books of Numbers and Deuteronomy have been preserved. He also wrote the "Nuqat al-Miqra", a short biblical commentary, preserved in its quasi-entirety. The commentary on the Book of Isaiah was edited by Joseph Derenbourg and, more recently, translated and edited, along with

neg: Ratramnus the mythical cynocephali were animals. Instead, he argued, those creatures who domesticate animals must be rational and therefore related to human beings, not animals. Ratramnus wrote another treatise, "The Birth of Christ", possibly as a response to Paschasius’ "De Partu Virginis". In this work, Ratramnus defended the idea that Christ’s birth from the Virgin Mary occurred in the natural human way, so as to not detract from Christ’s real human nature. Ratramnus wrote two treatises on the soul, upholding traditional Augustinian psychology. The first, "On the Soul", was written against someone named Macarius Scotus, and the second, "The Book on

neg: Two Treatises of Government but an application of equal protection of the law to every individual. Richard Pipes argues that Locke holds a labor theory of value that leads to the socialist critique that those not engaging in physical labor exploit wage earners. Huyler, relying on Locke’s "Essays on the Law of Nature" shows that reason is the most fundamental virtue, underwrites all productive virtue, and leads to human flourishing or happiness in an Aristotelean sense. Two Treatises of Government Two Treatises of Government (or Two Treatises of Government: In the Former, The False Principles, and Foundation of Sir Robert Filmer, and His Followers,

neg: Two Treatises of Government American Revolution are far from clear. The "Two Treatises" are echoed in phrases in the Declaration of Independence and writings by Samuel Adams that attempted to gain support for the rebellion. Of Locke's influence Thomas Jefferson wrote: "Bacon, Locke and Newton I consider them as the three greatest men that have ever lived, without any exception, and as having laid the foundation of those superstructures which have been raised in the Physical & Moral sciences". The colonists frequently cited Blackstone's "Commentaries on the Laws of England", which synthesised Lockean political philosophy with the common law tradition. Louis Hartz, writing at

neg: Latin mnemonics to publish an entire book of such verses, which became the "Doctrinale". Many grammarians adopted Alexander's innovation soon afterwards, including John of Garland (incidentally Alexander's harshest critic) who wrote grammatical treatises in verse, Simon di Vercelli ("Maestro Sion") who wrote "Novum Doctrinale" somewhere between 1244 and 1268 (it only being transcribed by one of his pupils when he died in 1290), and Everard de Béthune who wrote "Graecismus" in 1212. From that point onwards, it was rare for a grammatical work to "not" at least contain the principal rules as mnemonic verses. Even the new humanistic grammars of the 15th

neg: Matthias Joseph Scheeben the peace of the workroom where his spirit brooded over a chaos of literary matters. The list of Scheeben's works opens with three treatises dealing with grace: The author did not finish this last; he died whilst working on "Grace". The missing treatises were supplied in German by Dr. Leonhard Atzberger (Freiburg, 1898). In English the missing treatises were supplied by Wilhelm and Scannel, who whilst strictly adhering to Scheeben's thought, reduced the bulky work to two handy volumes entitled: "A Manual of Catholic Theology based on Scheeben's Dogmatik" (3rd ed., 1906). Scheeben also wrote a two-volume work "Mariology," later

neg: Indian mathematics is thought that much of the mathematical material in the "Dhavala" can attributed to previous writers, especially Kundakunda, Shamakunda, Tumbulura, Samantabhadra and Bappadeva and date who wrote between 200 and 600 CE. Mahavira Acharya (c. 800–870) from Karnataka, the last of the notable Jain mathematicians, lived in the 9th century and was patronised by the Rashtrakuta king Amoghavarsha. He wrote a book titled "Ganit Saar Sangraha" on numerical mathematics, and also wrote treatises about a wide range of mathematical topics. These include the mathematics of: Mahavira also: Shridhara (c. 870–930), who lived in Bengal, wrote the books titled "Nav Shatika",

neg: Ancient Greek literature shortly before and during their own lifetimes. The philosopher Plato wrote dialogues, usually centered around his teacher Socrates, dealing with various philosophical subjects, whereas his student Aristotle wrote numerous treatises, which later became highly influential. Important later writers included Apollonius of Rhodes, who wrote "The Argonautica", an epic poem about the voyage of the Argonauts; Archimedes, who wrote groundbreaking mathematical treatises; and Plutarch, who wrote mainly biographies and essays. The second-century AD writer Lucian of Samosata was a Hellenized Syrian, who wrote primarily works of satire. Ancient Greek literature has had a profound impact on later Greek literature and also

neg: John Locke in 1675, Locke spent some time travelling across France as tutor and medical attendant to Caleb Banks. He returned to England in 1679 when Shaftesbury's political fortunes took a brief positive turn. Around this time, most likely at Shaftesbury's prompting, Locke composed the bulk of the "Two Treatises of Government". While it was once thought that Locke wrote the "Treatises" to defend the Glorious Revolution of 1688, recent scholarship has shown that the work was composed well before this date. The work is now viewed as a more general argument against absolute monarchy (particularly as espoused by Robert Filmer and

neg: Two Treatises of Government this breach of Trust "they forfeit the Power", the People had put into their hands, for quite contrary ends, and it devolves to the People, who have a Right to resume their original Liberty.” (sec. 222) Although the "Two Treatises" would become well known in the second half of the 18th century, they were somewhat neglected when published. Between 1689 and 1694, around 200 tracts and treatises were published concerning the legitimacy of the Glorious Revolution. Three of these mention Locke, two of which were written by friends of Locke. When Hobbes published the "Leviathan" in 1651, by contrast, dozens

neg: Jakob Böhme Böhme wrote "De Tribus Principiis" or "On the Three Principles of Divine Being". It took him two years to finish his second book, which was followed by many other treatises, all of which were copied by hand and circulated only among friends. In 1620 Böhme wrote "The Threefold Life of Man", "Forty Questions on the Soul", "The Incarnation of Jesus Christ", "The Six Theosophical Points", "The Six Mystical Points". In 1621 Böhme wrote "De Signatura Rerum". In 1623 Böhme wrote "On Election to Grace", "On Christ's Testaments", "Mysterium Magnum", "Clavis (Key)". The year 1622 saw Böhme write some short works

neg: Judah ben David Hayyuj the principles underlying the formation of the stems belonging to the division are systematically set forth in a series of introductory chapters. As a supplement to this treatise he wrote a second, which he called the "Kitab al-Af'al Dhawat al-Mathalain" (The Book of Verbs Containing Double Letters), and in which he points out the principles governing the verbs whose second and third radicals are alike. He furnishes a list of these verbs, together with their various forms occurring in the Bible. Besides the two treatises on verbs Hayyuj wrote "Kitab al-Tanqit" (The Book of Punctuation). This work, probably written before

neg: Ancient Greek astronomy and Latin astronomical treatises; for it was he and his successors who encouraged the introduction of Greek horoscopy and astronomy into India." Later in the 6th century, the "Romaka Siddhanta" ("Doctrine of the Romans"), and the "Paulisa Siddhanta" (sometimes attributed as the "Doctrine of Paul" or in general the Doctrine of Paulisa muni) were considered as two of the five main astrological treatises, which were compiled by Varahamihira in his "Pañca-siddhāntikā" ("Five Treatises"). Varahamihira wrote in the Brihat-Samhita: "For, the Greeks are foreigners. This science is well established among them. Although they are revered as sages, how much more so

neg: Regular Polytopes (book) intuitive. The first two have been admirably expounded by Sommerville and Neville, and we shall presuppose some familiarity with such treatises." Concerning the third, Poincaré wrote: "A man who really pursues it, will end up holding on to the fourth dimension". The contents of the third edition (1973) of "Regular Polytopes" are as follows: In a brief review of the 1963 Dover reprint in Math Science Network () an anonymous reviewer writes that “anyone interested in the relationship of group theory to geometry should own a copy.” The original 1948 edition received a more complete review by M. Goldberg in

neg: Enrico Delle Sedie Enrico Delle Sedie Enrico Augusto Delle Sedie (17 June 1822 – 28 November 1907) was an Italian operatic baritone who sang extensively in Europe, performing the bel canto repertoire and in works by Verdi. He was born in Livorno and studied with Cesario Galeffi. After retiring from the stage, he taught at the Paris Conservatory from 1876 to 1886 and later privately. The renowned lyric tenor Alessandro Bonci was one of his pupils. "Although his voice was small, his style and musicianship were regarded as outstanding". Delle Sedie wrote two treatises on singing (1876, 1886) as well as the book

neg: Al-Hilli on the "Nahj al-Balagha". Using the methods both of a man of the kalam and of a philosopher, he wrote studies on Avicenna's "Al-Isharat wa-‘l-tanbihat" ("Remarks and Admonitions") and "Kitab Al-Shifaʾ" ("The Book of Healing"); attempted to solve the difficulties ("hill al-mushkilat") of al-Suhrawardi's "Kitab al-talwihat" ("Book of Elucidations"); wrote a treatise comparing ("tanasub") the Ash'arites and the Sophists; two other encyclopaedic treatises, "The Hidden Secrets" ("al-Asar al-khaffyah") in philosophical sciences, the autographed version of which is at Najaf, and a "Complete Course of Instruction" ("Ta'lim tamm") on philosophy and the kalam, etc. He casts doubt on the principle "Ex

neg: Richard of Saint Victor English and now this scholastic masterpiece is readily available to a wider audience to be appreciated in its entirety. Richard wrote a massive handbook of biblical education entitled "Liber Exceptionum" ("Book of Selections/Book of Notes"), important scriptural commentaries, and many treatises. "The Four Degrees of Violent Charity", composed about 1170, with its description of how vehement love leads to union with God and more perfect service of neighbour, has been of interest to writers interested in Christian mysticism. Richard’s other treatises are a number of short works which mainly deal with textual difficulties and theological issues. Many of them can

neg: No Apology No Apology No Apology: The Case for American Greatness is a book by former Massachusetts governor and two-time U.S. presidential candidate Mitt Romney, detailing his vision for the United States. It was published on March 2, 2010 by St. Martin’s Press. The book debuted atop the "New York Times" Best Seller list for the week of March 12, 2010. A paperback version was released in 2011. Romney wrote the book over a six-month period from his office in Lexington, Massachusetts, and his beachside home in La Jolla, California, studying findings from think tanks and reading treatises on global economics. Romney

neg: Zhu Zaiyu set of ten musicological treatises to the court, establishing his scholarly merit. His posthumous name was 鄭端靖世子 ("His Excellency The Dauphin of Zheng") Zhu wrote on music theory and temperament (five treatises survive), music history (two treatises survive), dance and dance music (five treatises survive), and several other works. Three music theory works in particular are associated with the ideas of equal temperament, the「律學新說」 (" on the equal temperament ", 1584), 「律呂精義」("A clear explanation of that which concerns the equal temperament", 1595/96), and 「算學新說」(" Reflection on mathematics", 1603). His work has been described as "the crowning achievement of two millennia

neg: Two Treatises of Government the "Two Treatises" that its purpose is to justify William III's ascension to the throne, though Peter Laslett suggests that the bulk of the writing was instead completed between 1679–1680 (and subsequently revised until Locke was driven into exile in 1683). According to Laslett, Locke was writing his "Two Treatises" during the Exclusion Crisis, which attempted to prevent James II from ever taking the throne in the first place. Anthony Ashley-Cooper, 1st Earl of Shaftesbury, Locke's mentor, patron and friend, introduced the bill, but it was ultimately unsuccessful. Richard Ashcraft, following in Laslett's suggestion that the "Two Treatises" were written

neg: Present age in this book. He is against abstract moments in time or public opinion as a basis for forming relationships. He wrote about the single individual in his "Eighteen Upbuilding Discourses" and kept to that category here. Newspapers were mediating information and individuals were joining together based on this mediating influence. The same thing is happening now with the internet. Kierkegaard advised that "real" people retain a concrete identity in the face of an abstract public opinion. He wrote: "The Present Age" and "Two Minor Ethico-Religious Treatises" were originally translated by Walter Lowrie and Alexander Dru in 1940. Later, in 1962,

neg: Baldassare Castiglione treatises written during the Renaissance that explored the ideal gentleman, including Stefano Guazzo's Civil Conversation (1581) and the Galateo (1558) by Giovanni Della Casa, the sourcebook for later etiquette guides. Nowhere was its influence greater than in England, where it was translated by Sir Thomas Hoby in 1561 and is a recognizable source for Shakespeare. In 1572, Edward de Vere, 17th earl of Oxford and one of Elizabeth's courtiers, sponsored Bartolomew Clerke's Latin translation and wrote the Latin foreword to it. Queen Elizabeth’s tutor and later secretary, Roger Ascham, wrote that a young man who carefully studied "The Book of

neg: Library of Alexandria who had studied at the Library of Alexandria and their students continued to conduct research and write treatises, but most of them no longer did so in association with the Library of Alexandria. A diaspora of Alexandrian scholarship occurred, in which scholars dispersed first throughout the eastern Mediterranean and later throughout the western Mediterranean as well. Aristarchus's student Dionysius Thrax ( 170– 90 BC) established a school on the Greek island of Rhodes. Dionysius Thrax wrote the first book on Greek grammar, a succinct guide to speaking and writing clearly and effectively. This book remained the primary grammar textbook for

neg: Science in the medieval Islamic world and pioneering procedures. Avicenna (ca. 980–1037) wrote the major medical textbook, "The Canon of Medicine". ibn al-Nafis (1213–1288) wrote an influential book on medicine; it is believed to have replaced Avicenna's "Canon" in the Islamic world. He wrote commentaries on Galen and Avicenna's works. One of these commentaries, discovered in 1924, described the circulation of blood through the lungs. Optics developed rapidly in this period. By the ninth century, there were works on physiological, geometrical and physical optics. Topics covered included mirror reflection. Hunayn ibn Ishaq (809–873) wrote the book "Ten Treatises on the Eye"; this was influential in the

neg: Mary Wollstonecraft was a book calculated to make a man in love with its author, this appears to me to be the book." It influenced Romantic poets such as William Wordsworth and Samuel Taylor Coleridge, who drew on its themes and its aesthetic. This is a complete list of Mary Wollstonecraft's works; all works are the first edition and were authored by Wollstonecraft unless otherwise noted. Mary Wollstonecraft Mary Wollstonecraft (27 April 1759 – 10 September 1797) was an English writer, philosopher, and advocate of women's rights. During her brief career, she wrote novels, treatises, a travel narrative, a history of the

neg: Feudalism medieval Europe are perceived to prevail. Some historians and political theorists believe that the term "feudalism" has been deprived of specific meaning by the many ways it has been used, leading them to reject it as a useful concept for understanding society. The term "féodal" was used in 17th-century French legal treatises (1614) and translated into English legal treatises as an adjective, such as "feodal government". In the 18th century, Adam Smith, seeking to describe economic systems, effectively coined the forms "feudal government" and "feudal system" in his book "Wealth of Nations" (1776). In the 19th century the adjective "feudal"

neg: David Griffiths (missionary) border, at Kington, Herefordshire. About 1850, some hopes being raised of renewing the mission in Madagascar, the London Missionary Society asked Griffiths and Joseph John Freeman, the only missionaries then surviving, to revise the Malagasy translation of the Bible. J. J. Freeman soon died (1851), and the whole work devolved upon Griffiths, who spent some five years on it. In 1854, he wrote a Malagasy grammar (Woodbridge). Griffiths also wrote some catechisms, a hymn-book, and nine or ten original treatises. He also revised many works already translated, e.g. the 'Pilgrim's Progress,' the 'Whole Bible,' and dictionaries. In 1858 he moved

neg: John of Ávila accordance with his wishes was buried in that city, in the Jesuit Church of the Incarnation, which now serves as the sanctuary to his memory. The Spanish critical edition of 1970 presents Ávila's work in 6 volumes. These consist of two redactions he made of the "Audi, filia", 82 sermons and spiritual conferences, a few biblical commentaries, 257 letters (representing the period from 1538 until his death), several treatises on reform and other minor treatises. John wrote letters to prelates who consulted him, such as Pedro Guerrero, Archbishop of Granada, and Juan de Ribera and Thomas of Villanova, both archbishops

neg: T. K. Seung In fact, to write more than one "Critique" was not his original design. He had assumed that "Critique of Pure Reason" was sufficient for laying the foundation for his Critical Philosophy because there was only one pure reason. On the basis of this foundation, he was planning to write two metaphysical treatises: Metaphysics of Nature and Metaphysics of Morals. Instead of writing these two treatises, he changed his mind about the first "Critique" and wrote the second "Critique". But he did not stop there. He changed his mind once more and wrote the third "Critique". Even the first "Critique" marked

neg: Gregory Palamas their differences amicably. In response to Barlaam's attacks, Palamas wrote nine treatises entitled "Triads For The Defense of Those Who Practice Sacred Quietude". The treatises are called "triads" because they were organized as three sets of three treatises. The Triads were written in three stages. The first triad was written in the second half of the 1330s and are based on personal discussions between Palamas and Barlaam although Barlaam is never mentioned by name. Gregory's teaching was affirmed by the superiors and principal monks of Mt. Athos, who met in synod during 1340–1. In early 1341, the monastic communities of

neg: Palamism in knowledge, intellect and expository skills. In response to Barlaam's attacks, Palamas wrote nine treatises entitled "Triads For The Defense of Those Who Practice Sacred Quietude". The treatises are called "Triads" because they were organized as three sets of three treatises. The Triads were written in three stages. The first triad was written in the second half of the 1330s and are based on personal discussions between Palamas and Barlaam although Barlaam is never mentioned by name. Gregory's teaching was affirmed by the superiors and principal monks of Mt. Athos, who met in synod during 1340–1. In early 1341, the

neg: Bartolus de Saxoferrato 43, and was interred in the church of San Francisco with a monument inscribed with "Ossa Bartoli". Despite his short life, Bartolus left an extraordinary number of works. He wrote commentaries on all parts of the Corpus Juris Civilis (except Justinian's Institutes). He is also the author of a large number of treatises on specific subjects. Among these treatises is his famous book on the law relating to rivers ("De fluminibus seu Tyberiadis"). There are also almost 400 legal opinions ("consilia") written at the request of judges or private parties seeking legal advice. Bartolus developed many novel legal concepts, which

neg: Edmond Hoyle Hoyle with much more success. Hoyle wrote a treatise on the game of brag (1751), a book on probability theory (1754), and one on chess (1761). Over time, Hoyle's work pushed off the market Charles Cotton's ageing "The Compleat Gamester", which had been considered the "standard" English-language reference work on the playing of games – especially gambling games – since its publication in 1674. In 1748, Osborne stopped publishing the individual treatises, but instead sold a collected edition under the title "Mr. Hoyle's Treatises of Whist, Quadrille, Piquet, Chess and Back-Gammon". The Whist treatise was described as the "eighth" edition.

neg: Huayan ultimate reality, influenced Huayan masters like Fazang and Zongmi, who both wrote commentaries on the text. The Lotus sutra was also seen as an important text in this school, though not as important as the Avatamsaka. The Sutra of Perfect Enlightenment was particularly important for Zongmi. The Huayen patriarchs wrote numerous commentaries and original treatises on the Mahayana sutras and Huayen philosophy. Fazang for example, wrote commentaries on the Avatamsaka, the Lankavatara Sutra and the Awakening of Faith. One of the key Huayen treatises is "On the Meditation of the Dharmadhātu" attributed to the first patriarch Dushun. Another is Fazang’s

neg: Al-Hilli established a systematic version of the science of tradition ("hadith" and "akhbar"), based on principles which were later to antagonise the "usuliyun" and the "akhbariyun". In the "kalam" tradition, he left a commentary on one of the very first treatises to be written by one of the oldest Imamite "mutakallimun", Abu Ishaq Ibrahim al Nawbakhti, who died about 350/961. Similarly, he wrote commentaries on the two treatises by Nasir mentioned above, "Tajrid" and "Qawa'id"-commentaries which have been read and re-read, studied and commentated by generations of scholars. He left a summary of the vast commentary by his teacher Maytham al-Bahrani

neg: Arthur Edmondston physician, giving special attention to diseases of the eye. Edmondston was the brother of Dr. Laurence Edmondston. Edmondston wrote two treatises on ophthalmia, published respectively in London, 1802, and Edinburgh, 1806. His major work was his "View of the Ancient and Present State of the Zetland Islands", published in 1809 in two volumes. The book discusses the political and natural history of Shetland, its agriculture, fisheries, commerce, antiquities, and customs. Arthur Edmondston Arthur Edmondston, M.D. (1776–1841) was a Scottish physician and writer on the Shetland Isles. Edmondston, eldest son of Laurence Edmondston of Hascosay, surgeon in Lerwick, and Mary Sanderson

neg: Muhammad al-Shaybani century, a book which provided detailed guidelines for the conduct of jihad against unbelievers, as well as guidelines on the treatment of non-Muslim subjects under Muslim rule. Al-Shaybani wrote a second more advanced treatise on the subject, and other jurists soon followed with a number of other multi-volume treatises. They dealt with both public international law as well as private international law. These early Islamic legal treatises covered the application of Islamic ethics, Islamic economic jurisprudence and Islamic military jurisprudence to international law, and were concerned with a number of modern international law topics, including the law of treaties; the

neg: John Paston (died 1479) or rallying the Duchess of Norfolk not over delicately on her interesting condition. His taste for literature seems to have been real and catholic, ranging from the ‘Ars Amoris’ to treatises on wisdom, not excluding theology; on the death of his mother's chaplain he wrote to secure his library. He employed a transcriber, one piece of whose handiwork, a ‘great book’ containing treatises on knighthood and war, Hoccleve's ‘De Regimine Principum,’ an account of the tournament between Lord Scales and the Bastard and other items, is still preserved in the British Museum (Lansdowne MS. 285). Paston never married. He was

neg: Abraham Abulafia manuscript writings by M. H. Landauer, who attributed the book of the "Zohar" to him. Adolf Jellinek refuted this attribution and compiled the first comprehensive list of Abulafia’s writings, publishing three of Abulafia’s shorter treatises (two epistles, printed in 1853/4, and Sefer ha-Ot in 1887), while Amnon Gross published 13 volumes, which include most of Abulafia’s books and those of his students’ books (Jerusalem, 1999–2004). Major contributions to the analysis of Abulafia’s thought and that of his school have been made by Gershom Scholem, Chaim Wirszubski, Moshe Idel, and Elliot R. Wolfson. Some of Abulafia’s treatises were translated into Latin

neg: Kitāb al-Hayawān Animalibus" is available in a partial edition. Kitāb al-Hayawān The Kitāb al-Hayawān (كتاب الحيوان; English: "Book of Animals") is an Arabic translation in 19 treatises ("maqālāt") of the following zoological texts by Aristotle: "Historia Animalium" : treatises 1-10 "De Partibus Animalium" : treatises 11-14 "De Generatione Animalium" : treatises 15-19 While the book is often attributed to Yahyà bin al-Bitrīq, the translator is unknown. However, from certain oddities in the Arabic, it has been deduced that it is a translation of a lost Syriac version. The complete text is available only in manuscript form (in Tehran), but treatises 11-14 ("De

neg: Kitāb al-Hayawān Kitāb al-Hayawān The Kitāb al-Hayawān (كتاب الحيوان; English: "Book of Animals") is an Arabic translation in 19 treatises ("maqālāt") of the following zoological texts by Aristotle: "Historia Animalium" : treatises 1-10 "De Partibus Animalium" : treatises 11-14 "De Generatione Animalium" : treatises 15-19 While the book is often attributed to Yahyà bin al-Bitrīq, the translator is unknown. However, from certain oddities in the Arabic, it has been deduced that it is a translation of a lost Syriac version. The complete text is available only in manuscript form (in Tehran), but treatises 11-14 ("De Partibus") have been edited as "Ajzā’ al-hayawān

neg: Two Treatises of Government of texts were immediately written in response to it. As Mark Goldie explains: ""Leviathan" was a monolithic and unavoidable presence for political writers in Restoration England in a way that in the first half of the eighteenth the "Two Treatises" was not." While the "Two Treatises" did not become popular until the 1760s, ideas from them did start to become important earlier in the century. According to Goldie, "the crucial moment was 1701" and "the occasion was the Kentish petition." The pamphlet war that ensued was one of the first times Locke's ideas were invoked in a public debate, most

neg: Two Treatises of Government notably by Daniel Defoe. Locke's ideas did not go unchallenged and the periodical "The Rehearsal", for example, launched a "sustained and sophisticated assault” against the "Two Treatises" and endorsed the ideology of patriarchalism. Not only did patriarchalism continue to be a legitimate political theory in the 18th century, but as J. G. A. Pocock and others have gone to great lengths to demonstrate, so was civic humanism and classical republicanism. Pocock has argued that Locke's "Two Treatises" had very little effect on British political theory; he maintains that there was no contractarian revolution. Rather, he sees these other long-standing traditions

neg: Feral child at the age of two, and was adopted by ostriches. At the age of 12, he was rescued and taken back to society and his parents. He later married and had children. The story of Hadara is often told in west Sahara. In 2000, Hadara's son Ahmedu told his father's story to the Swedish author Monica Zak, who compiled it to a book. The book is a mixture of the stories told by Ahmedu and Zak's own fantasy. Jean de Liege. Described by natural philosopher Sir Kenelm Digby in his book 'Two Treatises' (1644). The girl of Oranienburg (1717). The

neg: Llibre dels àngels Llibre dels àngels The Llibre dels àngels (Book of Angels) is a literary work that was written by Francesc Eiximenis in 1392 in Valencia in Catalan. It was dedicated to Pere d'Artés, who was a kind of Chancellor of the Exchequer of the Crown of Aragon, and who was a close frined of him. It has two hundred and one chapters, and it is divided into five treatises. This book is a real treatise about angelology, but with several political thoughts. It was maybe the most successful Eiximenis' book, since it was translated into Latin (it is the only Eiximenis'

neg: Before Homosexuality in the Arab‐Islamic World, 1500–1800 wrote that the book is "a more nuanced and limited study of "how homosexuality was perceived" in a particular period in the Arab parts of the Ottoman Empire before modernity", and therefore not a "Kinsey report" and not a general study. Donald L. Boisvert of Concordia University wrote that the work is one of the "few accessible studies of this sort". The author uses "adab", biographical dictionaries, chronicles, travel journals written by Ottomans and Europeans, legal interpretations of the Quran and sharia, poetry, mystical treatises, and religious interpretations of the Quran and sharia as sources. This book, a monograph, has

neg: Abu al-Abbas Iranshahri to that. He authored several books and treatises in Arabic and in Persian. All the books written, some of which are mentioned in passing by Biruni and Nasir Khusraw, have been lost. He wrote three books; "Jalil", "Athir", and "Masael u'ttabi'a", about philosophy and wisdom. Abulma'ali states that Iranshahri brought a new religion with a Persian book and named his miracle "Hasti" (existence). According to Biruni, he was knowledgeable about Christianity, Zoroastrianism, Manichaeism, Hinduism, and Shamanism. According to Abu'l Ma'ali, the author of bayan al-Adyan, Iranshahri considered himself a Prophet and wrote a book in Persian which he claimed have

neg: Abraham ibn Ezra a place in his view of the world. He also wrote various works on mathematical and astronomical subjects, among which "three treatises on numbers which helped to bring the Indian symbols and ideas of decimal fractions to the attention of some of the learned people in Europe" In contrast his other works, the most important of which include "The Book of the Secrets of the Law, The Mystery of the Form of the Letters, The Enigma of the Quiescent Letters, The Book of the Name, The Book of the Balance of the Sacred Language" and "The Book of Purity of

neg: James E. Talmage the Christ". These volumes remain in print and are still widely read in the LDS Church. Other books include treatises on the origins of the Book of Mormon, a dictionary of the Book of Mormon, and a brief history of the church. Talmage wrote the book "Jesus the Christ" by request of the church's First Presidency in 1905. They requested he compile his lectures about the life of Jesus Christ into a book that would be widely available to church members and other readers. At that time, Talmage had many responsibilities with his church callings, his family, and his profession

neg: Hans Ehrenberg theological work, he wrote a number of philosophical and theological articles and treatises. One of his favorite quotes from the bible is taken from the book of Isaiah 60, vs 19 & 20, which was mentioned on their epitaph. In Ehrenberg's honor and memory, the secondary school administered by the Protestant church in the Bielefeld neighborhood of Sennestadt was renamed the Hans-Ehrenberg-Schule in 1963. There is also a square in Bochum named after him. The Protestant Church Parish of Bochum and the Hans Ehrenberg Society award a prize of €5000 every two years in Ehrenberg's honor. The Hans Ehrenberg Prize

neg: Spanish Renaissance literature after his superior's orders, he was jailed in Toledo, and later freed. His two most important poems are: He also wrote three treatises on mystical theology and the "Ascent of Mount Carmel", a more systematic study of the ascetical effort of a soul looking for perfect union with God. Santa Teresa de Jesús (Ávila, 1515 - 1582) was a Carmelite nun. She entered the monastery leaving her parents' home secretly. She experienced periods of spiritual ecstasy through the use of the devotional book. Various friends suggested that her knowledge was diabolical, not divine, but her confessor reassured her of the

neg: Ludwig Mauthner a fibrous structure in the spinal cord of fishes that contained two large cell bodies in the animals' metencephalon. These cells were to become known as Mauthner cells, and are known to exist in amphibians as well as in fish. Mauthner cells have large-diameter axons that run down the length of the spinal cord. Mauthner wrote numerous treatises in the field of ophthalmology, including "Die sympathischen Augenleiden", a book that was translated into English in 1881 as "The sympathetic diseases of the eye". He was also the first to describe choroideremia. Ludwig Mauthner Ludwig Mauthner (April 13, 1840 – October

neg: Henry Pemberton 1793. Pemberton's book was not remunerative, and was regarded as disappointing; George Lewis Scott, however, recommended it to Edward Gibbon. In 1724 Pemberton assisted Mead in editing William Cowper's "Myotomia Reformata". His ‘Scheme for a course of Chymistry to be performed at Gresham College’ appeared in 1731. Two courses of his lectures were published by his friend James Wilson—the first, in 1771, on chemistry; the second, in 1779, after Pemberton's death, on physiology. In addition to these and some treatises left in manuscript, Pemberton wrote: His "Account of the Ancient Ode" prefaces Gilbert West's "Pindar", and a paper "On the

neg: Two Treatises of Government He made corrections to the third edition by hand and entrusted the publication of the fourth to his friends, as he died before it could be brought out. The "Two Treatises" begin with a Preface announcing what Locke hopes to achieve, but he also mentions that more than half of his original draft, occupying a space between the "First" and "Second Treatises", has been irretrievably lost. Peter Laslett maintains that, while Locke may have added or altered some portions in 1689, he did not make any revisions to accommodate for the missing section; he argues, for example, that the end

neg: Natural theology them were esteemed as apologetic literature, but they attracted considerable criticism. One notable critic of the Bridgewater Treatises was Edgar Allan Poe, who wrote "Criticism". Robert Knox, an Edinburgh surgeon and major advocate of radical morphology, referred to them as the "Bilgewater Treatises", to mock the "ultra-teleological school". Though memorable, this phrase overemphasises the influence of teleology in the series, at the expense of the idealism of the likes of Kirby and Roget. The Bridgewater Treatises Natural theology Natural theology, once also termed physico-theology, is a type of theology that provides arguments for the existence of God based on reason

neg: Triads (Gregory Palamas) uneducated people). In his anti-hesychastic works Barlaam held that knowledge of worldly wisdom was necessary for the perfection of the monks and denied the possibility of the vision of the divine life. In response to Barlaam's attacks, Palamas wrote nine treatises entitled "Triads For The Defense of Those Who Practice Sacred Quietude". The treatises are called "Triads" because they were organized as three sets of three treatises. The Triads were written in three stages. The first triad was written in the second half of the 1330s and are based on personal discussions between Palamas and Barlaam although Barlaam is never

neg: Two Treatises of Government Treatises" can be used to provide theoretical support for slavery by bare right of conquest. In the rhetoric of 17th-century England, those who opposed the increasing power of the kings claimed that the country was headed for a condition of slavery. Locke therefore asks, facetiously, under what conditions such slavery might be justified. He notes that slavery cannot come about as a matter of contract (which became the basis of Locke's political system). To be a slave is to be subject to the absolute, arbitrary power of another; as men do not have this power even over themselves, they cannot

neg: Book of Sui The extensive set of 30 treatises, sometimes translated as 'monographs', in the Book of Sui was completed by a separate set of authors and added in 656, 20 years after the original text was completed. The treatises cover the Liang, Chen, Northern Qi, and Northern Zhou dynasties in addition to the Sui. They are an essential source of information on the subjects covered for those dynasties. The treatises on classics (經籍) are especially important because the Book of Sui is the only standard history including such a section since the Book of Han and contains essential bibliographical information for the

neg: Portuguese literature Exemplo". A new epoch in literature dates from the Revolution of 1383-1385. King John I wrote a book of the chase, his sons, King Duarte and Peter, Duke of Coimbra, composed moral treatises, and an anonymous scribe told with charming naïveté the story of the heroic Nuno Álvares Pereira in the "Chronica do Condestavel". The line of the chroniclers which is one of the boasts of Portuguese literature began with Fernão Lopes, who compiled the chronicles of the reigns of Kings Pedro I, Fernando I, and John I. He combined a passion for accurate statement with a special talent for

neg: François Dancie François Dancie François Dancie was a French fencing instructor who wrote two treatises in the seventeenth century. He was a gentleman of Limousin in central France, and may be François Dancie of Nonards, recorded as marrying Jeanne de Linnars, daughter of Jacques de Linnars, Judge of Bretenaux. Jeanne’s brother Jean was married to Marie de Maynard, daughter of Géraud de Maynard, counsellor to the Parliament of Toulouse, and also sister to the poet François de Maynard, who wrote a poem for Dancie’s publication of 1623. Dancie's first work, "Discours des armes et methode pour bien tirer de l'espée et poignard"

neg: Joseph Perl many writings on Hasidism, ranging from critical treatises to parody. In 1786, only 13 years old, he wrote a book in German, "Ueber das Wesen der Sekte Chassidim aus ihren eigenen Schriften gezogen" ("On the Nature of the Sect of the Hasidim, Drawn from Their Own Writings"), in which he attempted to demonstrate the absurdity of the beliefs and practices of Hasidic rabbis, including Rabbi Nachman of Bratslav and Rabbi Shneur Zalman, founder of what became the Lubavitcher movement. His work was rejected by the imperial censors, who apparently feared that it would create disharmony among Austria's Jewish subjects. It

neg: Matthaeus Platearius of Pliny and Dioscorides, while George Sarton thought it an improvement on ""De Materia Medica"". Matthaeus and his brother Johannes were the sons of a female physician from the Salerno school and married to Johannes Platearius I. She is surmised to be Trotula, who wrote some important treatises on gynaecology including "Diseases of Women". Matthaeus Platearius Matthaeus Platearius was a physician from the medical school at Salerno, and is thought to have produced a twelfth-century Latin manuscript on medicinal herbs titled ""Circa Instans"" (also known as ""The Book of Simple Medicines""), later translated into French as ""Le Livre des simples

neg: Christine de Pizan Peace of Arras in 1435. Pizan produced a large number of vernacular works, in both prose and verse. Her works include political treatises, mirrors for princes, epistles, and poetry. Pizan's book "Le Dit de la Rose" ("The Tale of the Rose") was published in 1402 as a direct attack on Jean de Meun's extremely popular book "Romance of the Rose" which characterised women as seducers. Pizan claimed that Meun's views were misogynistic, vulgar, immoral, and slanderous to women. The exchange between the two authors involved them sending each other their treatises, defending their respective views. At the height of the

neg: Toras Chaim (Chabad) Dovber covering the book of Exodus were included in a separate second volume. The edition was published. The second volume was never typeset. Instead, those treatises remained a photocopy of the original handwritten transcripts. The central Chabad publishing house in Brooklyn, Kehot Publication Society, republished "Toras Chaim" in 1974, 1993 and 2004. The 2004 edition is a 1,812 page, three-volume set; the Exodus treatises have been typeset and all treatises include extensive footnotes and annotations. Toras Chaim (Chabad) Toras Chaim (Hebrew: תורת חיים) is a two-volume work of Hasidic discourses on the books of Genesis and Exodus by the second

neg: Moses ibn Gikatilla praised his poems, of which, however, not one has been preserved. Gikatilla's importance is in the province of Hebrew grammar and Bible exegesis. Abraham ibn Daud the historian (twelfth century), places him alongside of Abu al-Walid as successor to Ḥayyuj in this province, and Abraham ibn Ezra terms him the "greatest grammarian." Gikatilla wrote a monograph on Hebrew grammar, which, however, has been lost; it was entitled "Kitab al Tadhkir wal-Ta'nith" (in Hebrew "Sefer Zekarim u-Neḳebot," i.e., Book of Masculines and Feminines). He translated into Hebrew the two principal works of Ḥayyuj, the treatises on "Verbs Containing Weak Letters" and

neg: Friedrich Heinrich Vering university of Czernowitz in Bukowina, Austria. In 1879 he became professor of canon law at the German University of Prague, holding this position till his death. His best known work is his comprehensive text-book on canon law: "Lehrbuch des katholischen, orientalischen und protestantischen Kirchenrechts" (Freiburg, 1876; 3rd ed., ibid., 1893). His two other major works are: He also wrote the eighth volume of George Phillips's "Kirchenrecht" (Mainz, 1889) and numerous smaller juridical treatises. From 1860 he was, with Moy de Sons, joint editor, and from 182, sole editor, of "Archiv für katholisches Kirchenrecht" (Mainz). Friedrich Heinrich Vering Friedrich Heinrich Vering

neg: Gottfried Wilhelm Leibniz claimed as a philosophical theist. Leibniz remained committed to Trinitarian Christianity throughout his life. Leibniz's philosophical thinking appears fragmented, because his philosophical writings consist mainly of a multitude of short pieces: journal articles, manuscripts published long after his death, and many letters to many correspondents. He wrote only two book-length philosophical treatises, of which only the "Théodicée" of 1710 was published in his lifetime. Leibniz dated his beginning as a philosopher to his "Discourse on Metaphysics", which he composed in 1686 as a commentary on a running dispute between Nicolas Malebranche and Antoine Arnauld. This led to an extensive and

neg: Christopher Ferrara editor Michael Matt and Ferrara of a "Catholic Answers Live" presentation that distinguished between Traditional Catholics and "radical Traditionalism", "Catholic Answers" founder Karl Keating wrote that "Matt and Ferrara shoehorn their opponents into taking positions that they don't in fact take and into saying things they don't in fact say." Heidi Bierich, writing in the Southern Poverty Law Center's "Intelligence Report", called Ferrara's book "The Great Facade", co-authored with Thomas Woods, one of the "Two Treatises" of the "radical Traditionalist movement" and opined that "The Great Façade" attacks "Judaized, semi-gnostic" sects [referring to the controversial Neocatechumenal Way] said to be

neg: Domenico Cirillo botany. He was known as an entomologist by Linnaeus. He wrote many books in Latin and Italian, all of them treatises on medical and scientific subjects. The is a philosophical pamphlet remarkable for both its learning and style. He introduced many medical innovations to Naples, particularly inoculation against smallpox. As well as several works on hygiene he also wrote: With French help the Parthenopean Republic was established in January 1799, causing the monarch and his government to flee to Sicily. After at first refusing to take part in the new government, Cirillo consented to be chosen as a representative of

neg: John of Gaddesden London. He treated a son of Edward I, probably Thomas of Brotherton, for smallpox. Between 1305 and 1307 he wrote a treatise on medicine, which soon became famous, entitled "Rosa Medicinæ". He chose the name, he said, because as the rose has five sepals, so his book has five parts, and adds that as the rose excels all flowers, so his book excels all treatises on the practice of medicine. The title was probably suggested by Bernard de Gordon's "Lilium Medicinæ", which appeared at Montpellier in 1303, and is quoted in the "Rosa". Gaddesden's book is often spoken of as

neg: Islamic hospitals in Rayy, Iran, before holding a similar position in the Baghdad hospital. He developed two significant works regarding advancements in medicine and philosophy. The "Kitāb al-Manṣūrī" and the "Kitāb al-ḥāwī," (“Comprehensive Book”) which surveyed early Greek, Syrian, and Arabic medicine, and added his own judgement and commentary. He also wrote several minor treatises, perhaps the most famous being "Treatise on Small Pox and Measles". This treatise was translated into several modern languages as well as Latin and Byzantine Greek for teaching purposes and medical treatment of such infectious diseases. Although surgical developments and advancements made in the medieval Islamic period

neg: Emery Molyneux of a book-length project, "The Molyneux Globes: Mathematical Practice and Theory", by Dr. Lesley B. Cormack, Professor and Chair of the Department of History and Classics of the Faculty of Arts, University of Alberta. The project examines the community of mathematicians, natural philosophers, instrument-makers, and gentlemen-virtuosi that developed around the creation of the Molyneux globes, particularly the histories of four men who wrote treatises about the globes and the larger mathematical community. The Molyneux globes at the Hessisches Landesmuseum, Kassel, were inherited from the collection of William IV (William the Wise), the Landgrave of Hesse-Kassel (or Hesse-Cassel), a pioneer of

neg: History of the Puritans under Queen Elizabeth I his many theological treatises and his English translation of the Bible. Tyndale's theology was moreover monumental in the rise and development of English Puritanism. In the reign of Henry's son, Edward VI of England, the English Reformation took on a distinctly Calvinist tone. Leading Reformed churchmen sought refuge in England, including Peter Martyr Vermigli, Martin Bucer, John Knox, and John a Lasco (who became head of the stranger churches). Thomas Cranmer, the primate of the Church of England, on the issue of the eucharist adopted the Reformed, rather than the Lutheran position. Cranmer wrote his religious views into the "Book

neg: History of Liao legitimate Succession' 正統辯. Ming scholar Wang Zhu 王洙 wrote an alterative history of the Song titled "Verified History of the Song" 宋史質 in which the Liao and Jin states were relegated to treatises on foreign states. However, Wang Chu's text received criticism itself from Qing scholars who viewed it as an intentional distortion of history. In addition, the text "Great Outline of Historical Records" by Ming scholar Shao Jingbang 邵經邦 (1491-1561) gave the Liao and Jin the status of alien usurpers. History of Liao The History of Liao, or Liao Shi (Liáo Shǐ), is a Chinese historical book compiled officially

neg: Legacy of the Indo-Greeks mathematical methods, such as the calculation of the 'horoskopos' (the zodiac sign on the eastern horizon), were used in the service of astrology. Another set of treatises, the Paulisa Siddhanta and the Romaka Siddhantas, are attributed to later Greco-Roman influence in India. The Paulisa Siddhanta has been tentatively identified with the works of Paulus Alexandrinus, who wrote a well-known astrological hand-book. Indian astronomy is widely acknowledged to be influenced by the Alexandrian school, and its technical nomenclature is essentially Greek. Several other Indian texts show appreciation for the scientific knowledge of the "Yavana" Greeks. Overall, the coinage of the Indo-Greeks

neg: Gerard of Cremona astronomy until it was eclipsed by the theories of Copernicus. Gerard edited for Latin readers the "Tables of Toledo", the most accurate compilation of astronomical data ever seen in Europe at the time. The "Tables" were partly the work of Al-Zarqali, known to the West as Arzachel, a mathematician and astronomer who flourished in Cordoba in the eleventh century. Al-Farabi, the Islamic "second teacher" after Aristotle, wrote hundreds of treatises. His book on the sciences, "Kitab lhsa al Ulum," discussed classification and fundamental principles of science in a unique and useful manner. Gerard rendered it as "De scientiis" ("On the

neg: Characters of Shakespear's Plays he had passed out of the public eye, an even more select few understood how high a place he deserved in the ranking of literary critics. William Makepeace Thackeray, for example, praised Hazlitt in 1844 as "one of the keenest and brightest critics that ever lived." Another rare exception was the Scottish journalist Alexander Ireland, who in a brief memoir of Hazlitt in 1889 wrote that Hazlitt's book on Shakespeare, "although it professes to be dramatic criticism, is in reality a discourse on the philosophy of life and human nature, more suggestive than many approved treatises expressly devoted to that

neg: Joseph ibn Habib Joseph ibn Habib Joseph ibn Habiba (), also known as Joseph Havivah and Nimmuke Yosef, after the title of his book) was a Spanish Talmudist who flourished in the 14th and 15th centuries. Like his predecessor, R. Nissim ben Reuben (RaN), Ibn Ḥabib wrote a commentary on the "halachot" of Isaac Alfasi, entitled "Nimmuḳe Yosef," published with the text and the commentary of R. Nissim (Constantinople, 1509). Against the opinion of David Conforte ("Ḳore ha-Dorot," p. 26a) that Ibn Ḥabib availed himself to write commentaries only upon those treatises which R. Nissim had omitted, Azulai ("Shem ha-Gedolim") proved that Ibn

neg: Rutilius Taurus Aemilianus Palladius Rutilius Taurus Aemilianus Palladius Rutilius Taurus Aemilianus Palladius, also known as Palladius Rutilius Taurus Aemilianus or most often just as Palladius, was an ancient writer who wrote in Latin, and is dated variously to the latter 4th century or first half of the 5th century AD. He is principally known for his book on agriculture, "Opus agriculturae", sometimes known as "De re rustica". Since the Middle Ages, authors of agricultural treatises have referred often to Palladius. The Palladii were a prominent Gallic family, and the name "Palladius" is probably a family name (of Greek origin), with Aemilianus his "cognomen" (of

neg: Islamic world contributions to Medieval Europe by the Normans in 1091, a syncretistic Norman-Arab-Byzantine culture developed, exemplified by rulers such as King Roger II, who had Islamic soldiers, poets and scientists at his court. The Moroccan Muhammad al-Idrisi wrote "The Book of Pleasant Journeys into Faraway Lands" or "Tabula Rogeriana", one of the greatest geographical treatises of the Middle Ages, for Roger. The Crusades also intensified exchanges between Europe and the Levant, with the Italian maritime republics taking a major role in these exchanges. In the Levant, in such cities as Antioch, Arab and Latin cultures intermixed intensively. During the 11th and 12th centuries, many Christian

neg: Extra Texture (Read All About It) adding: "They are moody and personal and some of my favourites." Discussing the album's reception in his 1977 book "The Beatles Forever", Nicholas Schaffner wrote: "Harrison's worldly critics, who had long found his sermons insufferable, responded like bulls to a red flag to "Extra Texture", which contains a number of treatises on how reviewers always 'miss the point.'" Even Harrison's loyal "disciples", Schaffner continued, tended to view the album as "plodding and aimless". "Rolling Stone"s reviewer, Dave Marsh, highlighted "You" as a return to "All Things Must Pass"-style grandeur, and "Can't Stop Thinking About You" and "Tired of Midnight Blue"

neg: Book of the Ten Treatises of the Eye pneuma act together to eradicate barriers and direct the immediate transition of sensation to the eye, thus attaining vision. Book of the Ten Treatises of the Eye Hunayn ibn Ishaq's Book of the Ten Treatises of the Eye is a 9th-century theory of vision based upon the cosmological natures of pathways from the brain to the object being perceived. This ophthalmic composition is heavily derived from Galen's "De placitis Hippocratis at Platonis" and "De usu partium", both in terms of the anatomy and physiology being described. Hunayn's triumph comes from the systematic presentation of the parts of eye and the

neg: Book of the Ten Treatises of the Eye Book of the Ten Treatises of the Eye Hunayn ibn Ishaq's Book of the Ten Treatises of the Eye is a 9th-century theory of vision based upon the cosmological natures of pathways from the brain to the object being perceived. This ophthalmic composition is heavily derived from Galen's "De placitis Hippocratis at Platonis" and "De usu partium", both in terms of the anatomy and physiology being described. Hunayn's triumph comes from the systematic presentation of the parts of eye and the subsequent additions he made to the cosmological aspects of the work. Its early translation to Latin also provided a

neg: Two Treatises of Government he asks, "Who heir?" If Filmer is correct, there should be only one rightful king in all the world—the heir of Adam. But since it is impossible to discover the true heir of Adam, no government, under Filmer's principles, can require that its members obey its rulers. Filmer must therefore say that men are duty-bound to obey their present rulers. Locke writes: I think he is the first Politician, who, pretending to settle Government upon its true Basis, and to establish the Thrones of lawful Princes, ever told the World, That he was "properly a King, whose Manner of Government

neg: Patanjali found in major Hindu medical treatises such as "Charaka Samhita" and "Sushruta Samhita". There is a fourth scholar also named Patanjali, who likely lived in 8th-century CE and wrote a commentary on "Charaka Samhita" and this text is called "Carakavarttika". The two medical scholars named Patanjali may be the same person, but generally accepted to be completely different person than the Patanjali who wrote the Sanskrit grammar classic "Mahabhasya". Patanjali Amongst the more important authors called Patañjali are: He is said to have attainted Samadhi through yogic meditation at the Brahmapureeswarar Temple located at Tirupattur,Tamil Nadu,India According to Monier Monier-Williams,