query: where is the district of tyre and sidon

pos: Tyre, Lebanon and the inhabitants are "Tyrians". Tyre is an ancient Phoenician city and the legendary birthplace of Europa and Dido (Elissa). Today it is the fourth largest city in Lebanon after Beirut, Tripoli and Sidon. and houses one of the nation's major ports. Tourism is a major industry. The city has a number of ancient sites, including its Roman Hippodrome, which was added to UNESCO's list of World Heritage Sites in 1979. Tyre originally consisted of two distinct urban centres: Tyre itself, which was on an island just off shore, and the associated settlement of Ushu on the adjacent mainland. Alexander

pos: Melkite Greek Catholic Archeparchy of Sidon Melkite Greek Catholic Archeparchy of Sidon Melkite Greek Catholic Archeparchy of Sidon (in Latin: Archeparchy Sidoniensis Graecorum Melkitarum) is a diocese of the Melkite Greek Catholic Church suffragan of the Melkite Greek Catholic Archeparchy of Tyre. In 2010 there were 32,000 baptized. It is currently governed by Archeparch Elie Bechara Haddad, BS. The archeparchy extends its jurisdiction over the Melkite Greek faithful of Sidon District and Chouf District in Lebanon. Its archeparchial seat is the city of Sidon, where is located the cathedral of Saint Nicholas. The territory is divided into 53 parishes and had 32,000 Melkite Catholics in 2010.

pos: Sidon Ottoman Saray that is currently occupied by the LSF and is planned to be transformed into a cultural center by the municipality). In the 2000 and 2005 parliamentary elections, the Sidon District along with the Tyre and Bint Jbeil districts formed the first electoral district of South Lebanon. However, in the 2009 elections – and due to the reactivation of the 1960 electoral law – the city of Sidon was separated from its district to form a separate electoral district. Sidon is the seat of the Greek Melkite Catholic Archbishop of Sidon and Deir el Qamar, and has housed a

pos: Sidon District district (112372, called the Zahrani constituency in the 2018 electoral law) are predominantly Shia and 77% Muslim: Thus, there is a bigger percentage of Christian voters in the district of Saida (17%) than in Tyre (6.3%), but much less than in Jezzine (75%). Sidon District The Sidon District () is a district within the South Governorate of Lebanon. Sidon serves as the Mediterranean terminus of the Trans-Arabian Pipeline, a long oil pipeline that pumps oil from the fields near Abqaiq in Saudi Arabia. The pipeline played an important role in the global trade of petroleum—helping with the economic development of

pos: Maronite Catholic Eparchy of Sidon the beginning of the Maronite Church, united to the See of Tyre. The first information about the Eparchy of Sidon is related to 1626, when the bishop of Sidon Youssef Khalib el-Akouri is mentioned. In 1646 he was elected Patriarch of Antioch. The name of the bishop of Sidon Gabriel is also mentioned in 1736, when the Synod of Mount Lebanon canonically established the Eparchy of Tyre-Sidon and he participated. The two cities of the former eparchy were separated and the Eparchy of Tyre was created on February 18, 1900 (or according to other sources 26 January 1906). Maronite Catholic

pos: Anqoun martyrs, representing the three major political parties present in the town. Anqoun Anqoun (), also called Ankoun, is a relatively large town in the District of Saida-Zahrani which is one of three districts of the South Governorate in Lebanon. The South Governorate, known also as, Mohafazah of South Lebanon is one of the eight mohafazats (governorates) of Lebanon, containing three major historic and economic cities: Sidon (also known as Saida), Tyre (also known as Soor), and Jezzine. Anqoun is located 14 km away from the city of Sidon which is the capital of the district and the governorate, and 51

pos: Anqoun Anqoun Anqoun (), also called Ankoun, is a relatively large town in the District of Saida-Zahrani which is one of three districts of the South Governorate in Lebanon. The South Governorate, known also as, Mohafazah of South Lebanon is one of the eight mohafazats (governorates) of Lebanon, containing three major historic and economic cities: Sidon (also known as Saida), Tyre (also known as Soor), and Jezzine. Anqoun is located 14 km away from the city of Sidon which is the capital of the district and the governorate, and 51 km away from Beirut. Anqoun's surface stretches for 9.2 km² (920

pos: Jwaya Jwaya Jwaya () or Jouaiya, is a village in Tyre district, Lebanon. Located in the center of Jabal Amel geographically, 95 kilometers from Beirut, and the county seat of Sidon 54 kilometers and 16 kilometers from the city of Tyre towards the east, rising from the sea at 300 m, a land area of 32.000 dunums cultivated arable including grains, vegetables, olives, figs, and recently citrus and fruit Mahtlfah. Municipality of Jwaya is located in the Kaza of Tyre (sour) one of Mohafazah of South Lebanon kazas (districts). Mohafazah of South Lebanon is one of the eight mohafazats (governorates) of

pos: Jwaya both locally and nationally. All data provided on education concerning the 2005-2006 school year. Jwaya Jwaya () or Jouaiya, is a village in Tyre district, Lebanon. Located in the center of Jabal Amel geographically, 95 kilometers from Beirut, and the county seat of Sidon 54 kilometers and 16 kilometers from the city of Tyre towards the east, rising from the sea at 300 m, a land area of 32.000 dunums cultivated arable including grains, vegetables, olives, figs, and recently citrus and fruit Mahtlfah. Municipality of Jwaya is located in the Kaza of Tyre (sour) one of Mohafazah of South Lebanon

pos: Melkite Greek Catholic Archeparchy of Tyre first Melkite archbishop was Euthymios Saifi. Under Patriarch Cyril VI Tanas it was reorganized by the Melkite Patriarchate. Initially it was united with the seats of Sidon and Akka; later ceded portions of territory for the Melkite Greek Catholic Archeparchy of Sidon in 1752 and Melkite Greek Catholic Archeparchy of Akka in 1759. Following the war in Lebanon, many of the faithful have moved elsewhere, especially in Australia or Canada. Today the Melkitey Greek-Catholic community is reduced to little more than 3,000 faithful. See of Tyre Melkite Greek Catholic Archeparchy of Tyre Melkite Greek Catholic Archeparchy of Tyre (Latin: Archeparchy

pos: South Governorate Litani, Zahrani, Naqura, Awali, Qasmiye, and Hasbani. The area is famous for its citrus and banana farms. Its main cities are Sidon, Tyre and Jezzine. And Al-Marwanieh, also called "Mo's day3a", is in the South Governorate The area offers a great number of attractions, including pristine white sandy beaches south of Tyre, and the opportunity to snorkel or dive among submerged Phoenician and Roman ruins near the ancient cities of Sidon and Tyre. Culture-lovers will enjoy the bustling Ottoman-era Pazars, and one can relax after a long day at a seafood restaurant overlooking the Mediterranean. Southern Lebanon also hosts the

pos: Sidon "Tsīdōn") in several passages: Sidon is twinned with: Adel Osseiran played a significant role at various points in the history of modern Lebanon, such as the struggle for independence (1943), the mini-civil war of 1958, and the Lausanne Conference for Peace(1984) Sidon Sidon, known locally as Sayda (), is the third-largest city in Lebanon. It is located in the South Governorate of Lebanon, on the Mediterranean coast, about north of Tyre and south of the capital, Beirut. In the Book of Genesis, Sidon was the first-born son of Canaan, who was a son of Ham, thereby making Sidon a great

pos: Sidon Sidon Sidon, known locally as Sayda (), is the third-largest city in Lebanon. It is located in the South Governorate of Lebanon, on the Mediterranean coast, about north of Tyre and south of the capital, Beirut. In the Book of Genesis, Sidon was the first-born son of Canaan, who was a son of Ham, thereby making Sidon a great grandson of Noah. The Phoenician name "Ṣīdūn" (, ) probably meant "fishery" or "fishing town". It appears in Biblical Hebrew as "Ṣīḏōn" () and in Syriac as "Ṣidon" (). This was hellenized as "Sidṓn" (), which was Latinized as "". The

pos: Lebanese shipping tons were loaded, and 209,080 tons were handled in transit. The Israeli siege of Beirut led to a drastic drop in port activity in 1982, when goods handled fell to less than two-thirds of the 1980 level. Lebanon's other traditional ports at Tyre and Sidon also have had troubled histories. Tyre suffered during the Civil War, during the Israeli invasions of 1978 and 1982, and during other Israeli military actions. Sidon was similarly afflicted, escaping only the 1978 assault. Both ports have also witnessed some internal conflict. After Israel's 1984 pullout from much of Lebanon, however, Tyre appeared to enjoy

pos: 1982 Lebanon War boats, crossed the Israel–Lebanon border in three areas. Simultaneously, Israeli armor, paratroopers, and naval commandos set sail in amphibious landing ships from Ashdod towards the Lebanese coast north of Sidon. Israel's publicly stated objective was to push PLO forces back to the north. The westernmost Israeli force was to advance up the coastal road to Tyre. Its mission was to bypass Tyre and destroy three PLO camps in the area, then move up the coast towards Sidon and Damour, while Israeli forces would simultaneously conduct an amphibious landing north of Sidon to cut off the retreat of PLO forces there.

pos: Southern Lebanon Southern Lebanon Southern Lebanon (Lebanese Arabic: "Jnoub", meaning "south") is the area of Lebanon comprising the South Governorate and the Nabatiye Governorate. The two entities were divided from the same province in the early 1990s. The Rashaya and Western Beqaa Districts, the southernmost districts of the Beqaa Governorate, in Southern Lebanon are sometimes included. The main cities of the region are Sidon, Tyre, Jezzine and Nabatiyeh. The cazas of Bint Jbeil, Tyre, and Nabatieh in Southern Lebanon are known for their large Shi'a Muslim population with a minority of Christians. Sidon is predominantly Sunni, with the rest of the caza

pos: Chucrallah-Nabil El-Hage Chucrallah-Nabil El-Hage Chucrallah-Nabil El-Hage (in Arabic: شكرالله نبيل الحاج), also Nabil Hage, (born on 26 February 1943 in Hajjé, Lebanon) is the current Archeparch of the Maronite Catholic Archeparchy of Tyre. El-Hage was born in Hajjé, a village in the district of Sidon, the government of Southern Lebanon He entered into the seminary of the Maronite Patriarchate in Rasir in 1957, and there he attended his secondary education until 1962. Later in 1963 El-Hage entered in the Saint Joseph University in Beirut, where he studied philosophy and theology. On 13 June 1970 El-Hage was ordained to the priesthood. In 1977

pos: Sarepta Sarepta Sarepta (near modern , Lebanon) was a Phoenician city on the Mediterranean coast between Sidon and Tyre, also known biblically as Zarephath. It became a bishopric, which faded, and remains a double (Latin and Maronite) Catholic titular see. Most of the objects by which Phoenician culture is characterised are those that have been recovered scattered among Phoenician colonies and trading posts; such carefully excavated colonial sites are in Spain, Sicily, Sardinia and Tunisia. The sites of many Phoenician cities, like Sidon and Tyre, by contrast, are still occupied, unavailable to archaeology except in highly restricted chance sites, usually much

pos: Village of villages in Lebanon retain their Aramaic names or are derivative of the Aramaic names, and this is because Aramaic was still in use in Mount Lebanon up to the 18th century. Many of the Lebanese villages are a part of districts, these districts are known as "kadaa" which includes the districts of Baabda (Baabda), Aley (Aley), Matn (Jdeideh), Keserwan (Jounieh), Chouf (Beiteddine), Jbeil (Byblos), Tripoli (Tripoli), Zgharta (Zgharta / Ehden), Bsharri (Bsharri), Batroun (Batroun), Koura (Amioun), Miniyeh-Danniyeh (Minyeh / Sir Ed-Danniyeh), Zahle (Zahle), Rashaya (Rashaya), Western Beqaa (Jebjennine / Saghbine), Sidon (Sidon), Jezzine (Jezzine), Tyre (Tyre), Nabatiyeh (Nabatiyeh), Marjeyoun

pos: Maronite Catholic Archeparchy of Tyre Maronite Catholic Archeparchy of Tyre Maronite Catholic Archeparchy of Tyre (in Latin: Archeparchia Tyrensis Maronitarum) is an Archeparchy of the Maronite Church immediately subject to the Maronite Patriarch of Antioch. In 2014 there were 42,500 baptized. It is currently ruled by Archeparch Chucrallah-Nabil El-Hage. The archeparchy extends its jurisdiction over the Maronite faithful of Southern Lebanon. Its archeparchial seat is the city of Tyre. The territory of the archeparchy is divided into 22 parishes and in 2014 there were 42,500 Maronite Catholics. The eparchy of Tyre, together with that of Sidon, dating back to the dawn of the Maronite Church

pos: Christianity in Lebanon most likely Christians account an estimated 10 percent. Before the Christian faith reached the territory of Lebanon, Jesus had traveled to its southern parts near Tyre where the scripture tells that he cured a possessed Canaanite child. Christianity in Lebanon is almost as old as gentile Christian faith itself. Early reports relate the possibility that Saint Peter himself was the one who evangelized the Phoenicians whom he affiliated to the ancient patriarchate of Antioch. Paul also preached in Lebanon, having lingered with the early Christians in Tyre and Sidon. Even though Christianity was introduced to Lebanon after the first century

pos: Assyrian conquest of Aram tribal polities of the Gambulu, Litau and Puqudu. In the northern Levant, the remnants of the Hittites endured in the form of small Neo-Hittite states, and along the Mediterranean coast, Phoenician city states such as Tyre, Sidon, Arvad and Berytus were extant, while Sutean and Aramean tribes dwelt in the southern deserts. Northern Canaan (in modern terms Lebanon the Mediterranean coast of Syria and far south west coast of Turkey) remained inhabited by Canaanite speaking peoples and was not a part of Aramea. These Canaanites coalesced into city states such as Tyre, Sidon, Berytus, Arvad, Simyra, Onoba and Tarshish. The

pos: Battle of Sidon (1941) Battle of Sidon (1941) The Battle of Sidon (13–15 June 1941) was part of the Australian 7th Division's advance on Beirut, which took place during the five-week-long Syria-Lebanon campaign fought between the Allies and Vichy French forces in Syria and Lebanon. Sidon, a town of about 12,000 people at the time with a number of historic mosques and castles dating back to the Crusades, was positioned on the coast to the north of Tyre, about halfway between the Lebanese border with Palestine and Beirut. The fighting came several days after the Allied forces from the Australian 21st Brigade, under Brigadier

pos: Revolt of Tyre (996–998) Revolt of Tyre (996–998) The Revolt of Tyre was an anti-Fatimid rebellion by the populace of the city of Tyre, in modern Lebanon. It began in 996, when the people, led by an ordinary sailor named 'Allaqa, rose up against the Fatimid government. The Fatimid caliph al-Hakim bi-Amr Allah sent his army and navy to retake the city under Abu Abdallah al-Husayn ibn Nasr al-Dawla and the freedman Yaqut. Based in the nearby cities of Tripoli and Sidon, the Fatimid forces blockaded Tyre by land and sea for two years, during which a Byzantine squadron's attempt to reinforce the defenders

pos: Maronite Catholic Archeparchy of Tyre (5th century). The Synod of Mount Lebanon in 1736 canonically established the Eparchy of Tyre and Sidon, which was the seat of their patriarch from 1819 to 1837. In 1838 Tyre became a separated Eparchy. Pierre Bostani became Archbishop of Tyre on October 5, 1866. Bostani was born in Debbié in November 1819 and ordained a Maronite priest on 12 October 1842. He was quickly called upon by the Archbishop of Tyre who named him as his private secretary. In 1845, Bostani was asked by the Maronite Patriarch to act as his private secretary and Vicar General of the Maronite

pos: Sport in Lebanon Lebanon entered the world of international motor sport in 2004 with the formation of the Lebanese A1 Grand Prix team that included driver Basil Shaaban, making Lebanon the first Arab nation to participate in the World Cup of Motorsport. Jogging is a popular sport, especially in the capital along the Corniche Beirut, in the Horsh Beirut and the Shoreline Walk in Beirut Central District. Outside Beirut, jogging is practiced at the Marina Joseph Khoury in Dbayeh and along the corniches of Tripoli, Tyre and Sidon. The Beirut International Marathon (BIM) has been an annual, international event since 2003. It is

pos: Porphyreon Porphyreon Porphyreon was a town in the late Roman province of Phoenice Prima, and a bishopric that was a suffragan of the metropolitan see of that province, Tyre. It corresponds to present-day Jieh, Lebanon. Porphyreon is described in the "Notitia Episcopatuum" of Antioch as belonging to the sixth century, but does not appear in that of the tenth century. Lequien mentions five of its bishops: There were two Porphyreons in this province. One, described by Scylax north of Sidon and also by Palerin of Bordeaux eight miles from Sidon, is now Jieh. A second Porphyreon, according to the Pseudo-Antoninus, may

pos: Military Police Corps (Israel) new IDF bases in Beirut, Sidon, Tyre and the Beqaa Valley. A permanent POW camp was built in Ansar, which operated until 1985. The base in Tyre suffered two explosions and MPs were killed in both - 12 in the first bombing on November 11, 1982, and several more on November 4, 1983. These events became known as the Tyre Catastrophes. Some of the standard duties of the corps in Lebanon during and after war was regulating Israeli travel in the country. Many IDF soldiers sought to hike and vacation in Lebanon despite the dangers, and met with an agreeable

pos: Mark 7 trying to win Gentile converts. If the author really is Saint Mark then this would indicate that his group, Peter's circle, had come around in the Pauline direction. The saying, without the explanation, is also found in the Gospel of Thomas saying 14. Jesus then travels to the cities of Tyre and Sidon in what is now Lebanon. Mark tells the story of the Syrophoenician woman who finds Jesus at a friend's house in Tyre and begs him to heal her demon possessed daughter. He brushes her off, saying: The New King James Version refers to "little dogs" (, "kynarioi")

pos: Nabatieh the 2013 population estimate turned out to be much lower at 36,593 and making the city the 11th largest in Lebanon behind Tyre, Bint Jbeil, Alayh, Kafr 'Aşş, Zahlé, Sidon, Baalbek, Jounieh, Tripoli and Beirut according those 2013 estimates. It is the main city in the Jabal Amel area and the chief center for both the mohafazat, or governorate, and the kaza, or canton both also called Nabatieh. Nabatieh is an important town both economically and culturally. A market is held every Monday where traders and visitors from neighboring villages gather in the center of the town to exchange their

pos: South Governorate Tyre festival, which attracts thousands of tourists each year. According to voter registration data, Shias are approximately 60%, Sunnis are 20%, and about 20% are Christians. Shiites are mostly located in the Zahrany-Tyre (vertical branch) of the governorate, Sunnis in the city of Saida (almost 85% of voters registered there are Sunni), and Christians in the qadaa of Jezzine (the governorate's panhandle). South Governorate South Governorate (; transliterated: al-Janub) is one of the governorates of Lebanon. South Lebanon has a population of 500,000 inhabitants and an area of 929.6 km². The capital is Sidon. The lowest elevation is sea-level; the

pos: Our Lady of Nourieh Our Lady of Nourieh Our Lady of Nourieh, "Saydet el Nourieh" in Arabic, is a Marian shrine in Hamat, Lebanon. "Nourieh" is a derivative of the Arabic word, "nour", meaning light. Thus, in English, the Marian shrine can be called, Our Lady of Light. The story of Our Lady of Light shrine and monastery is celebrated throughout Lebanon, a country where Christianity has existed since Jesus first evangelized in Tyre and Sidon, and therefore, Lebanon is often considered part of the “Holy Land.” Some of the first Christian communities were set up in Lebanon during the time of the apostles.

pos: Popular Guard militia was first headed by the Greek-Catholic George Hawi (whose "nom de guerre" was Abu Anis), but in 1979 PG command was passed on to Elias Atallah, a Maronite. Although it was active mostly in West Beirut and Tripoli, the LCP/PG also kept underground cells at the Koura District, and the Sidon, Tyre and Nabatieh Districts of the Jabal Amel region of southern Lebanon. The LCP/PG was mainly financed by the USSR and Syria, though it also received revenues from other 'unofficial' sources within Lebanon. In the mid-1980s, allied with the Red Knights militia of the Alawite Arab Democratic Party

pos: Seuso Treasure 2018, where they are intended to be a centrepiece of the new museum's quarter. Seuso Treasure The Seuso Treasure or Sevso Treasure (; ), is a hoard of silver objects (14 items) from the late Roman Empire. The first pieces appeared on the market in London in 1980, and the treasure was acquired by a consortium headed by Spencer Compton, 7th Marquess of Northampton. Documentation was provided in which it was stated that it had been found in the Tyre and Sidon regions of Lebanon. It was put up for sale in New York City in 1990 by Sotheby's, but

pos: Sidon District Sidon District The Sidon District () is a district within the South Governorate of Lebanon. Sidon serves as the Mediterranean terminus of the Trans-Arabian Pipeline, a long oil pipeline that pumps oil from the fields near Abqaiq in Saudi Arabia. The pipeline played an important role in the global trade of petroleum—helping with the economic development of Lebanon—as well as American and Middle Eastern political relations. At the time it was built in 1947, the project was considered ground-breaking and innovative with a maximum capacity of about . After the 1967 Six-Day War and due to constant bickering between Saudi

neg: Jean de Schelandre of this there is no direct proof, although he appears to have spent some time in England and to have seen James I. He pursued his military career to the end of his life, dying at Saumazènes in 1635 from wounds received in the German campaign of Louis d'Epernon, Cardinal de la Valette. In defiance of all rules, the action of "Tyr et Sidon" proceeds alternately at Tyre where Belcar, prince of Sidon, is a prisoner, and at Sidon where Léonte, prince of Tyre, is a prisoner and pursues his gallant adventures. The play, which was divided into two days

neg: Hiram II was attacked and defeated by Tiglath-pileser. He was then deprived of Sidon, which the Assyrian king bestowed on Elulaios. Hiram also had agents on Cyprus, where his interests probably lay in the copper mines about Amathus and Limassol. A letter of Qurdi-Aššur-lāmur to Tiglath-pileser, quotes a report from the Assyrian functionary Nabū-šēzib at Tyre, wherein Nabū-šēzib claims to have prevented Hiram from seizing the sacred tree ("ēqu") from Sidon: "Hiram cut down the [sacred] tree of the temple of his gods, which is at the entrance to Sidon, saying: ‘I shall move it to Tyre’. I made him stop this:

neg: Melkite Greek Catholic Archeparchy of Sidon Sidon was the site of an ancient Christian community, dating back to the dawn of Christianity. The historical and Christian origins of Sidon dates back to the New Testament, in the Gospel of Matthew (Mt 15: 21-28) reports: "From there, Jesus withdrew to the region of Tyre and Sidon" and in the Gospel of Mark (Mk 7, 31) states: "Jesus left the region of Tyre, and came through Sidon to the Sea of Galilee midst of the coasts of Decapolis". On the arrest and imprisonment of Paul, in the Acts of the Apostles (Acts 27.3): "The next day we touched

neg: Vlastos with the people of Tyre and Sidon, and forbade the export of food to them. As they were dependent on delivery of food from Judea and Judea was affected by famine, the Sidonians and Tyrians made Blastus "their friend" (possibly through bribery). Blastus helped them obtain an audience with Herod. Acts 12:23 states that Herod was struck dead by God when the people of Sidon and Tyre offered him worship. In Acts Xll v. 20: "And Herod was highly displeased with them of Tyre and Sidon: but they came with one accord to him, and, having made Blastus the king's

neg: Historical reliability of the Gospels instead a mental map based on his experiential world. According to some, Mark's geography was not always accurate, for example "Mark 7:31", describing Jesus going from Tyre to the Sea of Galilee by way of Sidon (20 miles farther north and on the Mediterranean coast). The author of Mark did not seem to know that one would not go through Sidon to go from Tyre to the Sea of Galilee, and there was no road from Sidon to the Sea of Galilee in the 1st century, only one from Tyre. Catholic scholars have interpreted this passage as non-problematic since Jesus

neg: Mohammad Zgheib military base the location where the present military base (in Sidon) was established, constituted of the Officers' club, Banu Barakat military base in Tyre (founded in 1958) and Marjayoun military base in Marjayoun (founded in the early 1940s). In 1982, the Israeli air-strikes destroyed several buildings in the base, however several damaged facilities were later reconstructed. The missions of the military base include: The region's command personnel spread in several locations in the Nabatieh and South Governorates, which include Sidon and Tyre military bases, the government hospital, Tebnine Hospital and Marjayoun military base. In addition, ground forces centered in the south include

neg: Safad Sanjak Safad Sanjak Safad Sanjak (), also referred as Early Ottoman Galilee was a "sanjak" (district) of Damascus Eyalet (Ottoman province of Sidon) during 16th and early 17th centuries, later becoming part of the Sidon Eyalet. The territory of Safad Sanjak consisted of the area between the Zahrani River in the north to Mount Carmel (near Haifa) in the south, and the area between the Sea of Galilee in the east and the Mediterranean Sea to the west. Besides Safad, it included the port cities of Acre and Tyre and the entire Galilee and Jabal Amil area. The district had a

neg: Conrad of Montferrat found the remnants of the Crusader army. After his victory at the Battle of Hattin over the army of Jerusalem, Saladin was on the march north, and had already captured Acre, Sidon, and Beirut. Raymond III of Tripoli and his stepsons, Reginald of Sidon and several other leading nobles who had escaped the battle had fled to Tyre, but most were anxious to return to their own territories to defend them. Raymond of Tripoli was in failing health, and died soon after he went home. According to the Old French "Continuation of William of Tyre", Reginald of Sidon had taken

neg: Melkite Greek Catholic Archeparchy of Sidon began again until 1604 with the election of Ignatius Houtiyeh as bishop of Tyre and Sidon. During the Catholic missionary work since the end of the 16th century some individual Melkite Orthodox priests were converted to the Latin rite. They converted to the Catholic faith Euthymius II Karmah (died in 1635) whom was ordained in 1634 Melkite Patriarch of Antioch united with Catholic Church. The Eparchy of Sidon started in 1683 with its Melkite bishops in communion with Rome. First Catholic eparch was Efthymios Saïfi, founder of Basilian Salvatorian Order. Initially it was united with the archeparchy of Tyre; the

neg: Phoenicia 345 BC, a rebellion in Sidon led by Tennes was crushed by Artaxerxes III. Its destruction was described by Diodorus Siculus. Alexander the Great took Tyre in 332 BC after the Siege of Tyre. Alexander was exceptionally harsh to Tyre, executing 2,000 of the leading citizens, but he maintained the king in power. He gained control of the other cities peacefully: the ruler of Aradus submitted; the king of Sidon was overthrown. The rise of Macedon gradually ousted the remnants of Phoenicia's former dominance over the Eastern Mediterranean trade routes. Phoenician culture disappeared entirely in the motherland. Carthage continued to

neg: Exorcism of the Syrophoenician woman's daughter Tyre and Sidon having "withdrawn" from Galilee where he had entered in discussion with the Pharisees over their interpretation of the Jewish law. The Geneva Bible and the King James Version suggest that the visit was to the coast (i.e. the Mediterranean Sea), but the Cambridge Bible for Schools and Colleges argues that Jesus went to "the neighbourhood, [or] district, not the sea-shore, as might be thought". This episode is, according to Graham H. Twelftree, an example of how Jesus emphasizes the value of faith, as also shown in the Healing the Centurion's servant episode. The woman described in the

neg: Eshmun stairs. It is thought this may be a temple to a spouse of Eshmun. Eshmun Eshmun (or Eshmoun, less accurately Esmun or Esmoun; Phoenician: "") was a Phoenician god of healing and the tutelary god of Sidon. This god was known at least from the Iron Age period at Sidon and was worshipped also in Tyre, Beirut, Cyprus, Sardinia, and in Carthage where the site of Eshmun's temple is now occupied by the acropolium of Carthage. According to Eusebius of Caesarea, Phoenician author Sanchuniathon wrote that Sydyk, 'The Righteous', first fathered seven sons equated with the Greek Cabeiri or Dioscuri,

neg: Melkite Greek Catholic Archeparchy of Sidon two locations were separated in the mid-eighteenth century (in 1752 approximately). Tyre became an archeparchy and Sidon an eparchy. On 18 November 1964 the eparchy was elevated to the rank of archeparchy by Pope Paul VI. On 27 January 2007, the pope gave his assent to the Elie Haddad's election, canonically made by the Synod of the Melkite Greek Catholic Church on 11 October 2006, to Archbishop of Sidon to the Melkites. Melkite Greek Catholic Archeparchy of Sidon Melkite Greek Catholic Archeparchy of Sidon (in Latin: Archeparchy Sidoniensis Graecorum Melkitarum) is a diocese of the Melkite Greek Catholic Church suffragan

neg: Luke 6 of Tyre and Sidon, and then by a sermon that lays down key aspects of Jesus' teachings. In the parallel section of Matthew's gospel, the crowds are said to have come from Galilee, and from the Decapolis, Jerusalem, Judea, and beyond the Jordan. Mark's description is the most extensive of the three synoptic gospels: "a great multitude from Galilee followed Him, and from Judea and Jerusalem and Idumea and beyond the Jordan; and those from Tyre and Sidon". The Cambridge Bible for Schools and Colleges concludes "thus there were Jews, Greeks, Phoenicians, and Arabs among our Lord’s hearers". The sermon

neg: Blastus dead by God when the people of Sidon and Tyre offered him worship. The story of Herod's death is somewhat corroborated by the contemporary historian Josephus. However, Josephus does not mention any involvement of Blastus. Blastus According to the Bible, Blastus was the chamberlain of Herod Agrippa (Acts 12:20), a mediator for the Sidonians and Tyrians, and was believed to be involved in the events that led to Herod's death. According to Acts 12:20, Herod was displeased with the people of Tyre and Sidon, and forbade the export of food to them. As they were dependent on delivery of food

neg: Clementine literature of the ten books of these sermons as sent to Jerusalem are described. "H" now makes Clement, Nicetas, and Aquila go on to Tyre. Bernice tells them how Simon has been raising ghosts, infecting the people with diseases, and bringing demons upon them, and has gone to Sidon. Clement has a discussion with Simon's disciple Appion ("H" 5.7 – 6.25). All this is omitted by "R", but the same subjects are discussed in "R" 10.17–51. Peter goes on northward by Tyre, Sidon, Berytos (Beirut), and Byblos to Tripolis ("H" 7.5–12). ("R" adds Dora and Ptolemais (Akko), omitting Byblos, 4.1.) Peter's

neg: Eshmun Eshmun Eshmun (or Eshmoun, less accurately Esmun or Esmoun; Phoenician: "") was a Phoenician god of healing and the tutelary god of Sidon. This god was known at least from the Iron Age period at Sidon and was worshipped also in Tyre, Beirut, Cyprus, Sardinia, and in Carthage where the site of Eshmun's temple is now occupied by the acropolium of Carthage. According to Eusebius of Caesarea, Phoenician author Sanchuniathon wrote that Sydyk, 'The Righteous', first fathered seven sons equated with the Greek Cabeiri or Dioscuri, no mother named, and then afterwards fathered an eighth son by one of the

neg: Pursuit to Haritan road to arrive in Tyre also known as Es Sur on 4 October. During the advance to Tyre they encountered "few if any Turkish troops." Three days supplies were delivered by sea to Tyre, for the three columns to pick up on their way north. By 6 October the leading column had entered Sidon also known as Saida, where more supplies arrived, again by ship. Beirut, a largely Christian city with a population of 190,000 before the war, was strategically important due to its "great port", located south of Nahr el Kelb (or Dog River). The Ottoman 43rd Division which

neg: Secret Gospel of Mark leaves the place. Due to this apparent gap in the story, there has been speculation that the information about what happened in Jericho has been omitted. According to Robert Gundry, the fact that Jesus cures the blind Bartimaeus on the way from Jericho justifies that Mark said that Jesus came to Jericho without saying that he did anything there. As a parallel, Gundry refers to Mark 7:31 where Jesus “returned from the region of Tyre, and went by way of Sidon towards the Sea of Galilee”. However, here Jesus is never said to have entered Sidon, and it is possible

neg: Luli flee to Kition. Tyre lost control over Sidon and Akko, being reduced to the city itself and its overseas colonies. After Luli's death, the kingdom of Tyre was ruled by a series of pro-Assyrian monarchs and governors. Luli Luli or Elulaios was king of the Phoenician city of Tyre (729–694 BC). During his reign, Tyre lost what remained of its power to Assyria. The reign of Luli is characterized by several wars with Assyria. Tyre was tributary to Assyria, but Luli revolted against the Assyrians more than once. From 724 to 720 BC, Tyre was under siege, the port being

neg: Willibald cross in front of a city gate "where the Jews attempted to take away the body of our Lady"; the tomb of the Virgin Mary; the Garden of Gethsemane; and the Church of the Ascension on Mount Olivet. The pilgrimage continued to Bethlehem and the Church of the Nativity, Thecua, the Great Lavra of St Sabbas, the church at the spot where Philip the Evangelist baptised the Ethiopian eunuch, the port city of Gaza, Hebron, Saint George's hometown of Lydda, Joppa, Tyre and Sidon, Sebaste and other places in Samaria, Ptolemais, and again reached Tyre by ways of the Ladder

neg: Roman Catholic Diocese of Sidon Roman Catholic Diocese of Sidon The Roman Catholic Diocese of Sidon was a bishopric in the Kingdom of Jerusalem in the 12th and 13th centuries. Before the arrival of the crusaders to Syria in the late 11th century, the Orthodox bishops of Sidon had been suffragans of the archbishops of Tyre, who were in turn subject to the authority of the Orthodox patriarchs of Antioch. The first crusader king of Jerusalem, Baldwin I captured Sidon with the assistance of Venetian and Norwegian fleets on 5 December 1110. He wanted to ensure that all sees in his kingdom were subject to

neg: History of Carthage two paths to Iberia's mineral wealth—along with the African coast and on Sicily, Sardinia and the Balearic Islands. The center of the Phoenician world was Tyre, serving as an economic and political hub. The power of this city waned following numerous sieges and its eventual destruction by Alexander the Great, and the role as leader passed to Sidon, and eventually to Carthage. Each colony paid tribute to either Tyre or Sidon, but neither mother city had actual control of the colonies. This changed with the rise of Carthage since the Carthaginians appointed their own magistrates to rule the towns and

neg: Temple of Eshmun BC, he also rebelled against the Assyrians. In response, the Assyrian king Esarhaddon laid siege to the city. Abdi-Milkutti was captured and beheaded in 677 BC after a three-year siege, while his city was destroyed and renamed Kar-Ashur-aha-iddina (the harbor of Esarhaddon). Sidon was stripped of its territory, which was awarded to Baal I, the king of rival Tyre and loyal vassal to Esarhaddon. Baal I and Esarhaddon signed a treaty in 675 in which Eshmun's name features as one of the deities invoked as guarantors of the covenant. Sidon returned to its former level of prosperity while Tyre was

neg: 1860 Mount Lebanon civil war their blessing to it, Isma'il Pasha had the suspect executed within twelve hours of the Muslim man's killing to avert further violence. The angry crowds consequently dispersed and calm was restored to Beirut. Tensions were also raised in other coastal cities such Jaffa, Haifa, Acre, Tripoli, Sidon and Tyre, but their proximity to European warships in the Mediterranean helped maintain calm. Nonetheless, Tyre and Sidon were at the brink of civil war due to violence raging between Sunni and Shia residents and Christian refugees fleeing the war. Hundreds of Christians opted to leave Syria altogether, boarding ships to Malta or

neg: Ithobaal I Kings 21. Tyre is not mentioned as an opponent of Shalmaneser III at the Battle of Qarqar in 853 BC, but twelve years later, in 841, Ithobaal’s son Baal-Eser II gave tribute to the Assyrian monarch. Ithobaal I Ithobaal I was a king of Tyre who founded a new dynasty. During his reign, Tyre expanded its power on the mainland, making all of Phoenicia its territory as far north as Beirut, including Sidon, and even a part of the island of Cyprus. At the same time, Tyre also built new overseas colonies: Botrys (now Batrun) near Byblos, and Auza in

neg: Abimilku when he uses "on my front and on my back". Zimredda of Sidon is the topic of five of Abimilku's ten letters. Abimilku of Tyre has sent his tribute to Pharaoh who appointed him, and he requests of Pharaoh ten foot soldiers for protection, since his own men have been taken by the king of Sidon. He also mentions that the king of Hazor has gone over to the enemy, the Habiru who are taking over Canaan. See: Egyptian commissioner Haapi. See: external link article/write-up. Five of Abimilku's letters concern his neighbor and conflict enemy Zimredda of Sidon. See: Zimredda

neg: Lordship of Sidon Lordship of Sidon The Lordship of Sidon was one of the four major fiefdoms of the Kingdom of Jerusalem, one of the Crusader States. However, in reality, it appears to have been much smaller than the others and had the same level of significance as several neighbors, such as Toron and Beirut, which were sub-vassals. Sidon was captured in December, 1110 and given to Eustace I Grenier. The lordship was a coastal strip on the Mediterranean Sea between Tyre and Beirut. It was conquered by Saladin in 1187 and remained in Muslim hands until it was restored to Christian control

neg: Reginald of Sidon brother, and escaped with them; according to later western chronicles of the Third Crusade, they were cowards and trampled their own men in the rush, but more likely they were simply trying to break the Muslim encirclement of the crusader army. This did not work, and Reginald and Balian fled to Tyre, where Reginald may have briefly taken command of the city after the departure of Raymond of Tripoli. The thirteenth century "Old French Continuation of William of Tyre", also known as the "Chronicle of Ernoul", claims that he was in the process of negotiating its surrender to Saladin when

neg: Roman Catholic Archdiocese of Tyre Roman Catholic Archdiocese of Tyre The Roman Catholic Archdiocese of Tyre was an archbishopric in the Kingdom of Jerusalem. The See of Tyre was the most prestigious archbishopric under the authority of the patriarchs of Antioch from the 5th century. The archbishops had more than a dozen suffragans, including the bishops of Acre, Beirut, Jubail, Sidon, Tripoli and Tortosa. The crusaders captured Tortosa (now Tartus in Syria) in 1102, Jubail in 1103, and Tripoli in 1109. In the late 1170s, William of Tyre wrote that Bernard of Valence, the Latin Patriarch of Antioch, had soon appointed Latin bishops to the

neg: Esarhaddon west, where, with Scythian and Urartuan help, they were to destroy the kingdom of Phrygia in 676 BC. The Sidonian king Abdi-Milkutti, who had risen up against the Assyrian king, was defeated in 677 BC and beheaded. The town of Sidon was destroyed and rebuilt as "Kar-Ashur-aha-iddina", the "Harbor of Esarhaddon". The population was deported to Assyria. A share of the plunder went to the loyal king of rival Tyre, Baal I, himself an Assyrian puppet. The partly conserved text of a treaty with Tyre mentions the kings of Judah, Edom, Moab, Gaza, Ashkelon, Ekron, Byblos, Arvad, Samsi-muruna, Ammon, Ashdod,

neg: Siege of Tyre (1187) Siege of Tyre (1187) The Siege of Tyre took place from November 12, 1187 to January 1, 1188. An army commanded by Saladin made an amphibious assault on the city, defended by Conrad of Montferrat. After two months of continuous struggle, Saladin dismissed his army and retreated to Acre. After the disastrous Battle of Hattin, much of the Holy Land had been lost to Saladin, including Jerusalem. The remnants of the crusader army flocked to Tyre, which was one of the major cities still in Christian hands. Reginald of Sidon was in charge of Tyre and was in the process

neg: Abimilku the biblical Abimelech. His name means "My father (is) king." Following the request of Akhenaten to disseminate his political updates in Kinaha, some other city states rebelled against this decision. The background was the vacancy in the position of "rabisu" in the garrison of Tyre, which Akhenaten staffed with non-Egyptians for organizational reasons. Eventually, as in letter EA 149, Akhenaten conferred the status of "rabisu" of Tyre upon Abimilku. Zimredda of Sidon, and Aziru of Amurru, previously allied with Abimilku, responded by conquering Sumuru and occupying the territories around Tyre. Abimilku advised Amenhotep of the dangerous situation in several letters.

neg: Ithobaal I Ithobaal I Ithobaal I was a king of Tyre who founded a new dynasty. During his reign, Tyre expanded its power on the mainland, making all of Phoenicia its territory as far north as Beirut, including Sidon, and even a part of the island of Cyprus. At the same time, Tyre also built new overseas colonies: Botrys (now Batrun) near Byblos, and Auza in Libya. Primary information related to Ithobaal comes from Josephus’s citation of the Phoenician author Menander of Ephesus, in "Against Apion" i.18. Here it is said that the previous king, Phelles, “was slain by Ithobalus, the priest

neg: Zahir al-Umar The high European demand for the product enabled Zahir to grow wealthy and finance his autonomous sheikhdom. This control of the cotton market also allowed him to gain unofficial control over all of the Sidon Eyalet, outside the city of Sidon itself. With mixed success, Zahir attempted to have French merchant ships redirected from the ports of Tyre and Sidon to Haifa instead, in order to benefit from the customs fees he could exact. The city of Acre underwent an economic boom as a result of its position in the cotton trade with France, and became the fortified headquarters of

neg: Ministry of Jesus Defilement in and where, in response to a complaint from the Pharisees, Jesus states: "What goes into a man's mouth does not make him 'unclean,' but what comes out of his mouth, that is what makes him 'unclean.'". Following this episode, Jesus withdraws into the "parts of Tyre and Sidon" near the Mediterranean Sea, where the Canaanite woman's daughter episode takes place in and . This episode is an example of how Jesus emphasizes the value of faith, telling the woman: "Woman, you have great faith! Your request is granted." The importance of faith is also emphasized in the Cleansing

neg: Azemilcus, King of Tyre Azemilcus, King of Tyre Azemilcus ('zmlk\) was the King of Tyre during its siege by Alexander the Great in 332 BC. Alexander had already peacefully taken Byblos and Sidon, and Tyre sent envoys to Alexander agreeing to do his bidding. His response was to declare that he wished to enter the city to sacrifice to Melqart, known to Alexander as the Tyrian Herakles. Azemilcus was with the Persian fleet at the time, and the Tyrians, unsure who would win the war, responded by saying that they would obey any other command but that neither Persians nor Macedonians could enter the

neg: Azemilcus, King of Tyre dated ancient coins that can be ascribed to a particular ruler. Azemilcus, King of Tyre Azemilcus ('zmlk\) was the King of Tyre during its siege by Alexander the Great in 332 BC. Alexander had already peacefully taken Byblos and Sidon, and Tyre sent envoys to Alexander agreeing to do his bidding. His response was to declare that he wished to enter the city to sacrifice to Melqart, known to Alexander as the Tyrian Herakles. Azemilcus was with the Persian fleet at the time, and the Tyrians, unsure who would win the war, responded by saying that they would obey any

neg: Arsenius of Tyre 1360, he had returned to Constantinople by 1361, before leaving for a stay in Cyprus (1361/62). From 1366–1376 he was a rival Patriarch of Antioch against the incumbent Pachomius, seeking to expand his jurisdiction against the Patriarchate of Constantinople. Arsenius of Tyre Arsenius (; ), was an Eastern Orthodox prelate and theologian. He is first mentioned in 1351, at Constantinople. At the time he was already Metropolitan of Tyre and Sidon, and controlled the Hodegon Monastery in the Byzantine capital. A fervent anti-Palamite, he wrote an appeal for his position to Emperor John VI Kantakouzenos and participated in the 1351

neg: Arsenius of Tyre Arsenius of Tyre Arsenius (; ), was an Eastern Orthodox prelate and theologian. He is first mentioned in 1351, at Constantinople. At the time he was already Metropolitan of Tyre and Sidon, and controlled the Hodegon Monastery in the Byzantine capital. A fervent anti-Palamite, he wrote an appeal for his position to Emperor John VI Kantakouzenos and participated in the 1351 synod at Constantinople on Palamas' Hesychast doctrine. After the Palamite victory, he left the city, but before leaving, he consecrated the historian and fellow anti-Palamite Nikephoros Gregoras as a monk. Despite the publication of three minor anti-Palamite polemics in

neg: Canaan The usage of the names Canaanites and Phoenicians in later books of the Hebrew Bible (such as at the end of the Book of Zechariah, where it is thought to refer to a class of merchants or to non-monotheistic worshippers in Israel or neighbouring Sidon and Tyre), as well as in its single independent usage in the New Testament (where it alternates with the term "Syrophoenician" in two parallel passages). "Canaan" (, "Chanaán") is used only three times in the New Testament: twice in Acts of the Apostles when paraphrasing Old Testament stories, and once in the exorcism of the

neg: Lordship of Tyre 1096. In two months, the crusaders captured Jerusalem. Pisan, Genoese and Venetian fleets supported them to conquer most Fatimid ports on the Western coast of the Mediterranean Sea during the next decade. Caesarea surrendered to them in 1101, Acre in 1104, Tripoli in 1109, and Beirut and Sidon in 1110. The first king of Jerusalem, Baldwin I, tried to capture Tyre in 1107 for the first time, but he soon abandoned the siege. After the fall of Tripoli and Beirut, hundreds of the Muslim inhabitants of the two towns sought refugee in Tyre which remained a Fatimid enclave. Baldwin I

neg: Reginald of Sidon and Sibylla, and thirdly to Hugh of Ibelin, her fiancé or husband before her marriage to Amalric. Her marriage to Amalric was annulled in 1163 when it was discovered that the two were related within the prohibited degrees of consanguinity. Some writers have claimed that the marriage between Agnes and Reginald of Sidon was annulled as well, as they were related within the prohibited degrees, but this is based on a misinterpretation of William of Tyre, who says Gerard discovered the relationship between "the two aforementioned people". However, this must be referring back to the marriage of Agnes and Amalric:

neg: Reginald of Sidon Conrad of Montferrat arrived. Saladin had given Reginald banners to be hung from the city's towers, but Reginald was afraid of retaliation from the citizens if Saladin himself was not present. Conrad threw the banners away and expelled Reginald. However, this is questionable: the Arab chroniclers say nothing of this, and subsequently Reginald and Conrad were close allies. Reginald may have left Tyre for Beaufort (Sidon having also been captured in the aftermath of Hattin), just as Raymond III had left for Tripoli: the priority of such magnates being to defend their own territories. However, he was certainly back in

neg: Paul Peter Meouchi of the Maronite bishops of Saida and of Tyre. After having attended a visitation of the bishop of Tyre in the United States in 1920, he remained in the United States till 1934, serving the Maronite communities particularly in Indiana, Connecticut and California. He was elected Maronite bishop of Tyre on April 29, 1934 and consecrated on December 8, 1934 at Bkerké by Maronite Patriarch of Antioch, Anthony Peter Arida. His co-consecrators were Augustin Bostani, Eparch of Sidon, and Pierre Feghali, Titular bishop of Epiphania in Syria. He chose as episcopal motto "Gloria Libani data est ei". Moran Mor Paul

neg: History of the Jews in Carthage variety of perspectives ranging from conventional to controversial perspectives. Carthage was founded from Tyre. According to the Bible, the city of Tyre and Sidon, were part of the tribe of Asher. ″even unto great Zidon; And then the coast turneth to Ramah, and to the strong city Tyre″ The famous Arab historian and sociologist Ibn Khaldun (1332–1406 years), who himself came from Tunisia (former center of Carthage Power), in his books on the Berbers asserted that Berber to convert to Islam, professed Judaism. Berbers rules Kahina. Geneticists believe that the Jews founded Carthage and lived in it. Found mosaic synagogue

neg: Melqart seeking to honour the god of his native city, identified Melqart with the Roman god Liber. The first occurrence of the name is in the 9th-century BCE the "Ben-Hadad" inscription found in 1939 north of Aleppo in today northern Syria; it had been erected by the son of the king of Aram "for his lord Melqart, which he vowed to him and he heard his voice". Archaeological evidence for Melqart's cult is found earliest in Tyre and seems to have spread westward with the Phoenician colonies established by Tyre as well as eventually overshadowing the worship of Eshmun in Sidon.

neg: William McClure Thomson by "Uncle Tom's Cabin". The book is framed around a pilgrimage undertaken during 1857. Thomson is accompanied by an unnamed individual whose questions enable the author to recount his experiences and illustrate stories from the Bible. They set out from Beirut in January riding South to Sidon and Tyre from where they cut inland and arrived in Palestine via the Hula Valley. They visited Safad, Tiberias, Nazareth and Jenin before returning to the coast at Caesarea and South to Jaffa, Ashdod and Gaza. From Gaza they turned North via Bayt Jibrin, Hebron and Bethlehem ending the journey in Jerusalem. In

neg: Victory stele of Esarhaddon the unnamed supplicant before him has been matter of debate. He may be the king of Tyre Baal I, mentioned in Esarhaddon's Treaty with Ba'al of Tyre, or the king of Sidon Abdi-Milkutti. The kneeling figure between the two is prince Ushankhuru with a rope tied around his neck; others deem it to be Pharaoh Taharqa himself, as he is wearing the uraeus tiara of Egyptian rule. Victory stele of Esarhaddon The Victory stele of Esarhaddon (also Zenjirli or Zincirli stele) is a dolerite stele commemorating the return of Esarhaddon after his army's 2nd battle and victory over Pharaoh Taharqa

neg: Arwad harem. Under the Persians, Arwad was allowed to unite in a confederation with Sidon and Tyre, with a common council at Tripolis. When Alexander the Great invaded Syria in 332BC, Arwad submitted without a struggle under her king Strato, who sent his navy to aid Alexander in the reduction of Tyre. It seems to have received the favor of the Seleucid kings of Syria and enjoyed the right of asylum for political refugees. It is mentioned in a rescript from Rome about 138BC in connection with other cities and rulers of the East, to show favor to the Jews. This

neg: Ancient maritime history of Tyre seems to have been the southernmost. Sarepta between Sidon and Tyre, is the most thoroughly excavated city of the Phoenician homeland. The Phoenicians often traded by means of a galley, a man-powered sailing vessel. They were the first civilization to create the bireme. There is still debate on the subject of whether the Canaanites and Phoenicians were different peoples or not. The Mediterranean was the source of the vessel, galley, developed before 1000 BC, and development of nautical technology supported the expansion of Mediterranean culture. The Greek trireme was the most common ship of the ancient Mediterranean world,

neg: Paul Palaiologos Tagaris favour of the highest bidder. No such dispute is recorded in Georgian sources at this time. At this point, again according to his own account, he felt remorse and considered returning to Constantinople, where he would give the fortune he had amassed to the poor, but he was forestalled by the Bishop of Tyre and Sidon, who found him and delivered an offer by the Patriarch of Antioch to name him bishop of Taurezion (an unidentified location, suggested as being either in the Taurus Mountains or in the Tauric peninsula, i.e. the Crimea). Paul accepted, and was apparently consecrated by

neg: Thalassocracy Thalassocracy A thalassocracy (from Classical Greek ("thalassa"), meaning "sea", and ("kratein"), meaning "power", giving Koine Greek ("thalassokratia"), "sea power") is a state with primarily maritime realms, an empire at sea (such as the Phoenician network of merchant cities) or a seaborne empire. Traditional thalassocracies seldom dominate interiors, even in their home territories: Phoenician Tyre, Sidon, and Carthage, or Srivijaya and Majapahit in Southeast Asia. One can distinguish this traditional sense of "thalassocracy" from an "empire", where the state's territories, though possibly linked principally or solely by the sea lanes, generally extend into mainland interiors: the Bruneian Empire (1368–1888) in Asia.

neg: Lebanese Arab Army Barracks at Aramayn, the Saïd el-Khateeb Barracks at Hammana, the Bahjat Ghanem Barracks and Youssef Halayel Barracks at Tripoli, the Mohamed Zogheib Barracks at Sidon, and the Adloun and Benoit Barakat Barracks at Tyre. At West Beirut, LAA troops controlled the Emil Helou Barracks, the Emir Bachir Barracks, the Emir Fakhreddine Barracks and the Henri Chihab Barracks, plus the Lebanese Army High Center for Military Sport in Haret Hreik, the Military Beach Club (French: "Bain Militaire") in Ras Beirut and the Grand Serail. Outside the Lebanese Capital, they also controlled the Kleyate Air Base in the northern Akkar District and

neg: Abimilku (Sidon mayor). See picture: EA 153 (Obverse) King of Babylon: Tushratta: "Alashiya kingdom" letters: Rib-Hadda letters: Abimilku: Abdi-Tirši: Biridiya: Labaya: Others: Abimilku Abimilku (also spelled Abi-Milku or Abimilki) around 1347 BC held the rank of Prince of Tyre (called "Surru" in the letters), during the period of the Amarna letters correspondence (1350-1335 BC). He is the author of ten letters to the Egyptian pharaoh, EA 146-155 (EA for 'el Amarna'). In letter EA 147, Pharaoh Akhenaten confirmed him as ruler of Tyre upon the death of his father, and in EA 149, referred to him with the rank of "rabisu"

neg: Pierre Bostani of the university. Upon leaving the university, Bostani taught Syriac and Arabic at the Maronite seminary of Tyr and Sidon for two years. He then returned to his university to teach the youth enrolled there. He had only been teaching for a year that he was quickly called upon by his relative, the Archbishop of Tyre and Sidon Abdallah Bostani, who named him his private secretary. In 1845, Pierre Bostani was called by the Maronite Patriarch to serve as his private secretary, treasurer of the Patriarchy, judge for ecclesiastical affairs, and Vicar General of the Maronite Patriarchy. He would hold

neg: Astarte Ishtar originally was, perhaps because she was influenced by the Canaanite goddess Anat, and that therefore Ishtar, not Astarte, was the direct forerunner of the Cypriot goddess. Greeks in classical, Hellenistic, and Roman times occasionally equated Aphrodite with Astarte and many other Near Eastern goddesses, in keeping with their frequent practice of syncretizing other deities with their own. Other major centers of Astarte's worship were the Phoenician city states of Sidon, Tyre, and Byblos. Coins from Sidon portray a chariot in which a globe appears, presumably a stone representing Astarte. "She was often depicted on Sidonian coins as standing on

neg: Historical Jesus Gospels (the demon called Legion), and another when he healed a Syro-Phoenician girl in the vicinity of Tyre and Sidon. The center of his work was Capernaum, a small town (about 500 by 350 meters, with a population of 1,500–2,000) where, according to the gospels, he appeared at the town's synagogue (a non-sacred meeting house where Jews would often gather on the Sabbath to study the Torah), healed a paralytic, and continued seeking disciples.( and Once Jesus established a following (although there are debates over the number of followers), he moved towards the Davidic capital of the United Monarchy, the

neg: Ancient Carthage king Cambyses and incorporation within the Persian empire. Supremacy passed to Sidon, and then to Carthage, before Tyre's eventual destruction by Alexander the Great in 332 BC. Each colony paid tribute to either Tyre or Sidon, but neither city had actual control of the colonies. This changed with the rise of Carthage, since the Carthaginians appointed their own magistrates to rule the towns and Carthage retained much direct control over the colonies. This policy resulted in a number of Iberian towns siding with the Romans during the Punic Wars. In 509 BC, a treaty was signed between Carthage and Rome

neg: Fatimid navy when a large Genoese fleet arrived to reinforce the siege of Acre, the Fatimids made no further attempt to break the blockade. The Fatimids again launched an attack on Jaffa in 1105, but the fleet left for Tyre and Sidon after the land army was defeated, and was caught up in a storm that washed 25 ships ashore and sunk others. In 1106 and again in 1108, the Crusaders launched attacks on Sidon. In the latter attempt, the Fatimid fleet managed to defeat the Italian warships supporting the Crusaders. Coupled with the arrival of Damascene troops, the Fatimid victory led

neg: Lebanese shipping a revival of its local economy. Although Sidon suffered from further Shia-Palestinian conflict, it recovered modestly, and its export trade increased in early 1987. Israel has persistently intervened in Lebanese maritime affairs. Its actions ranged from dispatching gunboats to positions off Beirut, a fairly common occurrence, to closing ports under Israeli control, such as Tyre and Sidon in 1984. From time to time, Israeli forces searched ships bound to or from Lebanese ports. In 1984, late 1986, and early 1987, Israel also stopped several ships ferrying passengers between Larnaca in Cyprus and Juniyah, the principal port of the Maronite heartland.

neg: Reginald of Sidon Reginald was present at the Battle of Montgisard in 1177, but not at the Battle of Jacob's Ford in 1179, having arrived too late with his forces; according to William of Tyre, he could have saved many of the refugees from the battle if he had continued on his way, but when he returned to Sidon, these refugees were killed in ambushes. He participated in the defense of the kingdom when Saladin invaded in 1183; this time William lists him among those "distinguished for prowess in battle." His wife was sometimes present on military campaigns, looking after her ailing but

neg: Woes to the unrepentant cities miracles, serving for a time as the center of his public ministry. Tyre and Sidon were cities against which the prophets of the Old Testament had pronounced God's judgment. Sodom was infamous as the city which, according to the Book of Genesis, God had spectacularly destroyed for its wickedness in the time of Abraham. In essence, then, Jesus is contrasting three Jewish towns where he has performed many signs, with three Gentile cities known for such extraordinary wickedness as to deserve God's destruction, saying that on the Day of Judgment the former will be judged more harshly, because of their

neg: Abdi-Milkutti in 677 BC, was finally captured, destroyed and rebuilt as Kar-Ashur-aha-iddina, the Harbour of Esarhaddon. The Sidonian king was decapitated. Sanduarri was also captured and decapitated and the heads of the two kings were hung around the necks of their nobles who were paraded through the streets of Nineveh. Part of the treasure taken from Sidon went to the loyal king of the rival city Tyre. In his annals the Assyrian king states that he conquered Sidon and “tore up and cast into the sea its walls and its foundations.” This city was situated on a promontory jutting into the

neg: Vassals of the Kingdom of Jerusalem such as Jerusalem itself, Acre and Tyre. Sidon appears to have been rather small, whereas Galilee covered a disproportionate number of sub-vassals and Sidon was located between Galilee's holdings. Aside from the Kingdom of Jerusalem, there were also three other major Crusader states on the mainland: These states nominally bore some dependency on the kingdom of Jerusalem. The King of Jerusalem was bound to reconcile them in case of disputes, or between a vassal Prince and the Latin Patriarich of Antioch, and could claim the regency in case of a vacancy or minority in their successions. Edessa was perhaps the