query: where did japanese planes fly from pearl harbor

pos: Attack on Pearl Harbor military actions in Southeast Asia against overseas territories of the United Kingdom, the Netherlands, and the United States. Over the course of seven hours there were coordinated Japanese attacks on the U.S.-held Philippines, Guam and Wake Island and on the British Empire in Malaya, Singapore, and Hong Kong. The attack commenced at 7:48 a.m. Hawaiian Time (18:18 GMT). The base was attacked by 353 Imperial Japanese aircraft (including fighters, level and dive bombers, and torpedo bombers) in two waves, launched from six aircraft carriers. All eight U.S. Navy battleships were damaged, with four sunk. All but were later raised, and

neg: 45th Fighter Squadron the air soon after the attack began. Although outnumbered, they still managed to shoot down six Japanese planes. Meanwhile, Captain Aaron Tyler, commander of the 45th at Wheeler, ordered his crews to pull out all the undamaged planes they could find and have them fueled and armed. Less than a dozen aircraft were available, but the pilots who were selected to fly wasted no time boarding their planes. They quickly took off, hoping to tangle with the Japanese fighters. After searching the area for almost an hour, all they saw as they flew over Pearl Harbor were the burning ships

neg: 37th Flying Training Squadron squadron trained with Republic P-43 Lancers until it received Lockheed P-38 Lightnings It deployed to Paine Field, Washington to fly patrols on the west coast of the US after the Japanese attack on Pearl Harbor. The squadron converted to Lightnings in 1942. In February 1943 it was detached from its parent group and deployed to North Africa, where it was assigned to the 14th Fighter Group the following month. The 14th group had temporarily withdrawn from combat, with some of its men and planes being reassigned to the 1st and 82d Fighter Groups. The squadron began combat operations in May,

neg: Kermit Tyler the 78th Pursuit Squadron, based at Pearl Harbor. That morning he was assigned duty as the Officer In Charge of the partly activated Pearl Harbor Intercept Center. His duties were to assist the controller in ordering planes to intercept foreign planes, after the planes got in the air. New and untrained at the time, when warned of the approach of a large aircraft flight from the north, Tyler presumed it to be the scheduled arrival of six B-17 bombers from the mainland. The radar operators were tracking Japanese planes coming to attack the base. However the operator, operating in training

neg: Pearl Harbor advance-knowledge conspiracy theory left behind as part of the deception operation.) The critical DF-tracked radio transmissions show bearings that could have not come from the strike force. Emissions monitored from , or 's report "Akagi" was off Okinawa on 8 December 1941, are examples, though some transmissions continue to be debated. Additionally, Japanese submarines were sighted and attacked (by the destroyer ) outside the harbor entrance a few hours before the attack commenced, and at least one was sunk—all before the planes began launching. This might have provided enough notice to disperse aircraft and fly off reconnaissance, except, yet again, reactions of the

neg: Japanese war crimes Pearl Harbor not only happened without a declaration of war but was also a treacherous and deceitful act. In fact, Japan and the U.S. were still negotiating for a possible peace agreement which kept U.S. officials very distracted when Japanese planes bombed Pearl Harbor. Keenan explained the definition of a war of aggression and the criminality of the attack on Pearl Harbor: Admiral Isoroku Yamamoto, who planned the attack on Pearl Harbor, was fully aware that if Japan lost the war, he would be tried as a war criminal for that attack (although he was killed by the United States

neg: Operation K the two planes as they approached the main Hawaiian Islands, prompting a search by Curtiss P-40 Warhawk fighters. Consolidated PBY Catalina flying boats were also sent to seek Japanese aircraft carriers, which were assumed to have launched the two invaders. However, a thick layer of nimbus clouds over Pearl Harbor prevented the defenders from spotting the Japanese planes flying at an altitude of . Those same clouds also confused the IJN pilots. Using the Kaena Point lighthouse for a position fix, Hashizume decided to attack from the north. Sasao, however, did not hear Hashizume's order and instead turned to skirt

neg: Amelia Earhart flew a course of 157° that would take them past Baker Island; if they missed Baker Island, then sometime later they would fly over the Phoenix Islands, now part of the Republic of Kiribati, about south-southeast of Howland Island. The Gardner Island hypothesis has the plane making it to Gardner Island (now Nikumaroro), one of the Phoenix Islands. A week after Earhart disappeared, Navy planes from (which had sailed from Pearl Harbor) searched Gardner Island. The planes saw signs of recent habitation and the wreck of the , but did not see any signs of Earhart's plane or people. After

neg: USS Grayson (DD-435) carrier force as she sailed from Pearl Harbor 15 July to escort "Enterprise" and "Hornet". Reaching Guadalcanal via Tongatapu on 7 August 1942, the carriers launched their planes to cover Marine landings there, and then operated in the area to block Japanese reinforcements. As they maneuvered off Guadalcanal, "Enterprise" was hit by Japanese bombs on 24 August in an action filled half-hour which saw "Grayson" down two planes and damage a third. The task group dispersed, "Enterprise" returning to Pearl Harbor for repairs, and "Grayson" joined Task Force 11 (TF 11), built around under Admiral Frank Jack Fletcher. Action soon

neg: USS Salt Lake City (CA-25) War II by the Japanese attack on Pearl Harbor, "Salt Lake City"—under the command of Capt. Ellis M. Zacharias—was with the task group, returning from Wake Island, west of Pearl Harbor when they received word of the attack. The group immediately launched scouting planes in hopes of catching possible stragglers from the Japanese force, but the search proved fruitless. The ships entered Pearl Harbor toward sundown on the 8th. After a tedious night refueling, they sortied before dawn to hunt submarines north of the islands. Submarines were encountered on the 10th-11th. The first—"I-70"—was sunk by dive bombers from "Enterprise"; the

neg: William B. Caldwell III officer's uniform. When Caldwell was 16, he lived with his family at Schofield Barracks, Hawaii. On December 7, 1941, the Caldwells were horror-struck as they heard the roar of Japanese planes attack Pearl Harbor and witnessed a Japanese plane strafe an officer running down their street. The next day, Bill helped at the base hospital and for the weeks that followed, drove an ammunition truck. Dependents were later evacuated from Hawaii; Bill, his mother, and his sister moved to Los Angeles where he finished high school. One of Caldwell's childhood dreams was to attend West Point, but he did not

neg: USS Reid (DD-369) Atlantic and Pacific. During the attack on Pearl Harbor, "Reid"'s gunners fired at the Japanese planes and downed one of them. After the attack, "Reid" patrolled off the Hawaiian Islands, Palmyra Atoll, and Johnston Island during December. In January 1942, she escorted a convoy to San Francisco, California. Returning to Hawaii for more patrol duty, she later steamed to Midway Island, and then twice more escorted convoys from Pearl Harbor to San Francisco. Departing Pearl Harbor on 22 May 1942, "Reid" steamed north to bombard Japanese positions on Kiska Island, Alaska on 7 August 1942. She supported landings at Adak,

neg: USS Macdonough (DD-351) Pearl Harbor, as part of Destroyer Squadron 1. In port 7 December 1941 during the attack on Pearl Harbor, "Macdonough" downed one of the Japanese attack planes before heading out to sea to join others in the search for the Japanese task force. For the next 3½ months, the destroyer performed scouting assignments southwest of Oahu. Before returning to Pearl Harbor to escort convoys to and from west coast ports, she steamed as far as New Guinea, supporting airstrikes on Bougainville, Salamaua, and Lae. "Macdonough" returned to the western Pacific to prepare for the Guadalcanal invasion. Operating with "Saratoga", she

neg: USS LST-247 torpedo planes on two separate occasions, and during one incident, shot down friendly aircraft when it approached unexpectedly. The ship's task during the Guam invasion was in picking up casualties and bringing them to Pearl Harbor, where she arrived in August 1944. She underwent maintenance and resumed sail in January 1945, where she participated in the February amphibious assault on the Japanese stronghold island of Iwo Jima. She retracted from Iwo Jima after spending nearly a month on the beach. By April 1945, "LST-247" was back at Pearl Harbor. She set sail for Seattle to undergo extensive repairs. In August,

neg: Attack on Pearl Harbor at Pearl Harbor, though MacArthur had almost nine hours warning that the Japanese had already attacked Pearl Harbor. The air portion of the attack began at 7:48 a.m. Hawaiian Time (3:18 a.m. December 8 Japanese Standard Time, as kept by ships of the "Kido Butai"), with the attack on Kaneohe. A total of 353 Japanese planes in two waves reached Oahu. Slow, vulnerable torpedo bombers led the first wave, exploiting the first moments of surprise to attack the most important ships present (the battleships), while dive bombers attacked U.S. air bases across Oahu, starting with Hickam Field, the largest, and

neg: UGM-27 Polaris the Japanese Kamikaze planes were made of wood and powered by rockets. These wooden suicide planes did not provide the Japanese forces with a reliable weapon, and by 1945 the Kamikaze gliders were being used in combat, no matter how ineffective they may have been. British forces, too, had begun developments on anti-aircraft rockets of their own, which proved effective as early as 1941. Soon after the attacks on Pearl Harbor, the United States also joined arms in the race for rockets borrowing much of its initial products from the British armed forces. The United States rocket program began regularly

neg: USS Utah (BB-31) was overhauled. She was equipped with new /38 cal dual purpose guns in single mounts to improve her ability to train anti-aircraft gunners. She left Puget Sound on 14 September, bound for Pearl Harbor, where she resumed her normal duties through the rest of the year. In early December 1941, "Utah" was moored off Ford Island in berth F-11, after having completed another round of anti-aircraft gunnery training. Shortly before 08:00 on the morning of 7 December, some crewmen aboard "Utah" observed the first Japanese planes approaching to attack Pearl Harbor, but they assumed they were American aircraft. The Japanese

neg: USS West Virginia (BB-48) Fleet Problem XXI as a deterrent to possible Japanese offensive action. During 1941, "West Virginia" carried out intensive training from Pearl Harbor as part of a number of task forces and groups around Hawaii, with an unusually tense period beginning in late November and continuing into December. Training was usually followed by in-port upkeep along southeastern Ford Island. On the morning of Sunday, 7 December 1941, "West Virginia" was moored at berth F-6 in of water, outboard from the "Tennessee". Shortly before 8:00 am, Japanese planes from the Japanese carrier fleet arrived at Pearl Harbor and began the attack on

neg: USS Santee (CVE-29) a torpedo fired from a Japanese submarine struck the ship, causing flooding of several compartments and creating a 6° list. Emergency repairs were completed by 09:35. Between 18 and 27 October, "Santee" planes shot down 31 Japanese planes and sank one ammunition ship, in addition to damage inflicted by strafing during their 377 sorties. On 31 October, she anchored in Seeadler Harbor for temporary repairs. Underway again on 9 November, she moored at Pearl Harbor on 19 November. Following more repairs, she embarked 98 Marines for transportation to the U.S. and entered Los Angeles Harbor on 5 December. "Santee" completed

neg: 436th Training Squadron the 'Pensacola Convoy'. 7 December they had reached the Equator. Hearing the news of the attack on Pearl Harbor, they changed course, from the Philippines, now re-directed to Brisbane, Australia via Suva, Fiji. The B-17s ended up coming in under attack during their arrival at Hickam on 7 December. Some of the planes managed to land at Haleiwa Fighter Strip, one set down on a golf course, and the remainder landed at Hickam under the strafing of Japanese planes. After the Pearl Harbor Attack, the surviving aircraft operated from Hawaii until February 1942, becoming part of the air defense forces

neg: Pearl Harbor (film) on Pearl Harbor. The US Pacific Fleet suffers severe damage in the surprise attack, and most of the defending airfields are obliterated before they are able to launch fighters to defend the harbor. Rafe and Danny manage to take off in P-40 fighter planes, and are able to shoot down seven of the attacking planes before the Japanese withdraw. They later assist in the rescue of the crew of the capsized , but are too late to save the crew of the sinking . The next day, President Franklin Delano Roosevelt delivers his Day of Infamy Speech to the nation

neg: USS Dolphin (SS-169) later. She continued to operate in fleet problems and training exercises, visiting the West Coast on a cruise from 29 September to 25 October 1940. Located at Pearl Harbor on 7 December 1941, "Dolphin" took the attacking enemy planes under fire, and then left for a patrol in search of Japanese submarines in the Hawaiian Islands. "Dolphin" departed from Pearl Harbor on 24 December 1941 on her first war patrol, during which she reconnoitered in the Marshall Islands in preparation for later air strikes. She returned to Pearl Harbor on 3 February 1942 to refit and resupply, and then got

neg: USS Terror (CM-5) gunners fired on the enemy for the first time when Japanese planes bombed the runway on Funafuti. The Japanese raiders dropped 40 bombs near the airstrip, causing a fire which burned for an hour. Another alert followed in the afternoon, but no further action occurred. "Terror" laid mooring buoys in the anchorage before getting underway for Hawaii on 28 November. Early in December, she loaded mines and gear at Pearl Harbor; then set her course for Tarawa, where she provided heavy equipment and mines for mine details. At night, searchlights from shore combed the dark, spotting enemy planes in an

neg: USS Princeton (CVL-23) mission, "Princeton" rendezvoused with TF 15, conducted strikes against enemy installations on Makin and Tarawa, then headed back to Pearl Harbor. In mid-October, she sailed for Espiritu Santo where she joined to form TF 38 on the 20th. With that force, she sent her planes against airfields at Buka and Bonis on Bougainville (1–2 November) to diminish Japanese aerial resistance during the landings at Empress Augusta Bay. On the 5th and 11th her planes along with those from "Saratoga" undertook a risky air raid to neutralize a squadron of Japanese heavy cruisers while raiding Rabaul and on the 19th, with

neg: Strafing off Barber's Point other fishermen had been interrogated, accused of aiding Japanese submarines and being in possession of “enemy bullets”. In retrospect the strafing was believed to be in reprisal to the Attack in Pearl Harbor being that the fishing industry was ethnically dominated by Japanese-Americans. The report stated the sampans were “returning fire”. Despite these allegations the incident was an instance of mistaken identity when the planes incorrectly identified the sampans as Japanese naval vessels. The six men killed in the incident were recorded as casualties from the Attack on Pearl Harbor. On December 12, 1942 two other sampans off Kailua and

neg: Haleiwa Fighter Strip ready, they jumped into their cockpits. The crew chiefs informed them that they should disperse their planes. "The hell with that", said Welch. Ignoring the usual pre-takeoff checklists the aircraft took off down the narrow airstrip. Once in the air they spotted a large number of aircraft in the direction of Ewa and Pearl Harbor. Only then did they realize what they were up against. “There were between 200 and 300 Japanese aircraft," said Taylor; "there were just two of us!" The two P-40's engaged the aircraft attacking Ewa Mooring Mast and shot down five Japanese planes. They then returned

neg: 436th Training Squadron the Japanese Empire. Due to a lack of planes, some pilots were sent to Seattle to fly new B-17s overseas while the remainder departed on 12 November from Salt Lake City, by train, arriving at Angel Island by ferry; They remained at Angel Island until 20 November, now bound for Hickam Field, Hawaii Territory, on the troopship 'Republic'. The 'Republic' arrived 28 November. After an overnight refueling, they reboarded the 'Republic'; just outside Pearl Harbor they joined a convoy of 13 Freighters and an escort of a light cruiser the "Pensacola" bound for the Philippines, this was also known as

neg: USS Ardent (AM-340) nearby , causing extensive damage. During this period, "Ardent" opened fire on several Japanese planes, but scored no hits. Ordered to proceed to Saipan for engine repairs, "Ardent" sailed for her destination on 4 April, and arrived on 10 April. Since parts necessary for the repairs were not available in the forward areas, she was routed via Pearl Harbor, to Seattle, where she arrived on 30 May. "Ardent" underwent engine repairs at Seattle, Washington until 7 August. Six days later, on the 13th, the minesweeper sailed for Pearl Harbor, and was at sea, en route to the Hawaiian Islands, when

neg: Easter Sunday Raid out of Koggala. Birchall's Catalina was shot down by six A6M2 Zero fighters from the carrier . He managed to radio in the position of the Japanese fleet and alert Colombo about the impending attack. However, Nagumo's air strike on Colombo the next day achieved near-complete surprise (Pearl Harbor also was attacked on a weekend). The British radars were not operating, they were shut down for routine maintenance. The Japanese high command had planned the bombing of Colombo very much like the Pearl Harbor operation (many of the same planes and pilots participated in both strikes); but most of the

neg: USS Endymion (ARL-9) because common practice was for Japanese naval commanders to sink damaged ships and leave no survivors. Cannon fire from the twin 20mm guns is thought to have severely damaged and possibly penetrated the conning tower, forcing the Japanese submarine to submerge and run. However, the Endymion sat immobile for two to three days, during which time crew reported seeing a US Navy sea plane (Martin PBM-5 Mariner) approach, circle, turn around, and fly off. A submarine chaser was dispatched to bring her in to Eniwetok Harbor where temporary repairs were made. She continued to Pearl Harbor where she readied herself

neg: Isoroku Yamamoto remembered for his association with aircraft carriers due to Pearl Harbor and Midway, Yamamoto did more to influence the development of land-based naval aviation, particularly the Mitsubishi G3M and G4M medium bombers. His demand for great range and the ability to carry a torpedo was intended to conform to Japanese conceptions of bleeding the American fleet as it advanced across the Pacific. The planes did achieve long range, but long-range fighter escorts were not available. These planes were lightly constructed and when fully fueled, they were especially vulnerable to enemy fire. This earned the G4M the sardonic nickname the "flying

neg: Hoga (YT-146) at 1010 Dock when Pearl Harbor was attacked by Japanese forces on the morning of 7 December 1941. Ten of "Hoga"s eleven-man crew were aboard; the cook was ashore. As the planes swooped in over the harbor, Assistant Tugmaster Robert Brown, sleeping in the pilothouse, was awakened by the dropping bombs. "I raised up and looked out and all hell was breaking loose. I saw planes all over the place. Japanese planes and several ships on fire." Chief Boatswain's Mate Joseph B. McManus, the Tugmaster, was shaving in his cabin. "I heard the noise and I looked out the porthole...and

neg: USS Thornton (DD-270) the Pearl Harbor attack, she was stationed at French Frigate Shoals with as aircraft rescue ships for the planes engaged in the expanded air searches. Coincidentally, the Japanese had planned to use the French Frigate Shoals as a rendezvous point for the second half of Operation K, the reconnaissance of Pearl Harbor. The Japanese subsequently cancelled the remainder of Operation K after the Japanese submarine I-123, sent to scout the area, was forced to depart. After the victory at Midway, she resumed her runs between the outlying islands of the 14th Naval District, though the Japanese occupation had removed Wake

neg: Japanese submarine I-23 repair activities. At Kwajalein, five submarines were selected to participate in Operation K-1, the planned second air attack on Pearl Harbor. The objective of the attack was to bomb the "Ten-Ten Dock" and disrupt ship repair activities. The plan called for the airplanes to depart from the Marshall Islands and fly to French Frigate Shoal in the Hawaiian Islands (500 miles WNW of Pearl Harbor) where they were to be refueled by I-class submarines. "I-9" was assigned to take up station midway between Wotje and the Shoal and act as a radio beacon for two Kawanishi H8K1 "Emily" flying boat

neg: USS Yorktown (CV-10) Japanese. On 22 November, her air group concentrated upon installations and planes at Mili once again. Before returning to Pearl Harbor, the aircraft carrier made passing raids on the installations at Wotje and Kwajalein Atolls on 4 December. The warship reentered Pearl Harbor on 9 December and began a month of air training operations in the Hawaiian Islands. On 16 January 1944, the warship exited Pearl Harbor once again to support an amphibious assault – Operation Flintlock, the Marshall Islands invasion. Her task group, Task Group 58.1, arrived at its launching point early on the morning of 29 January, and

neg: Kenneth M. Taylor training before the attack on Pearl Harbor. Prior to the attack on Pearl Harbor on December 7, 1941, Taylor spent the night before playing poker and dancing at the officers' club at Wheeler with fellow pilot George Welch, and did not go to sleep until 6:30 a.m. local time. Taylor and Welch awoke less than an hour and a half later at 7:55 a.m. to the sounds of low-flying planes, machine-gun fire, and explosions. Lt. Taylor quickly put on his tuxedo pants from the night before and called Haleiwa Auxiliary Air Field, where eighteen P-40B fighters were located. Without orders,

neg: USS St. Louis (CL-49) end of September. On 28 September 1941, she entered the Pearl Harbor Navy Yard for upkeep. On 7 December 1941, "St. Louis" was moored to the pier in Southeast Lock at the time of the Japanese attack on Pearl Harbor. At 7:56, Japanese planes were sighted by observers on board "St. Louis". Within minutes, the ship was at general quarters, and her operable anti-aircraft guns were manned and firing on the attackers. By 8:06, preparations for getting underway had begun. At about 8:20, one of the cruiser's gun crews shot down its first Japanese torpedo plane. By 9:00, two more

neg: Ganap Party party's main area of support was the Bulacan-Southern Luzon area, where the major land estates were located. As the party gained strength, membership spread to other provinces, such as La Union and Pangasinan. The Pacific theater of the World War II was opened on December 8, 1941 (Philippine time), with the bombing of Pearl Harbor. After that mission, Japanese planes proceeded to bomb targets in Davao. By Christmas, the Japanese forces had landed on Philippine soil. Among the invaders was the pro-Japanese Katipunan general Artemio Ricarte. In early April 1942, the Japanese liberated Ramos from his imprisonment, without forgetting to

neg: China Clipper flight departure site news of the attack on Pearl Harbor and was strafed floating on the lagoon when Japanese planes attacked Wake. Despite 96 bullet holes, the Clipper successfully returned to California. "Pacific Clipper" was in Auckland, New Zealand at the time of the attack, and its crew opted to return to the United States westbound rather than retrace its normal route. Its January 1942 arrival in New York marked the first circumnavigation of the globe by commercial aircraft. The United States Navy assumed control of the Clippers in 1942, although Pan Am crews continued to fly the aircraft. Clippers flew between California

neg: Pearl Harbor Trilogy – 1941: Red Sun Rising from Nintendo Life and 8.5/10 from Nintendo World Report whereas Eurogamer gave it 6/10 The game was originally developed for Microsoft Windows in 2007 where it was released as "Attack on Pearl Harbor". Development on the Wii started in May 2009, when the idea of addressing an upgraded remake to make use of the Wii's motion controllers was raised. Pearl Harbor Trilogy – 1941: Red Sun Rising Pearl Harbor Trilogy – 1941: Red Sun Rising is a trilogy of air-combat action games where players fly World War 2 era aircraft such as the P-40 Warhawk, F4F Wildcat, A6M2 Zero. The

neg: USS Castor (AKS-1) 1941, "Castor" arrived at San Diego, California, 20 May to begin a series of cargo voyages to Pearl Harbor. In October, she carried U.S. Marine reinforcements to Johnston Island and Wake Island. Returning to San Francisco, California, to load explosives, "Castor" arrived in Pearl Harbor three days before the Japanese attack of 7 December 1941. Her guns were quickly brought into action, and while she was repeatedly strafed by enemy planes, she suffered little damage and no casualties in the attack. Until 7 February 1942, "Castor" carried cargo from the U.S. West Coast to aid in the buildup of Pearl

neg: USS Hulbert (DD-342) She arrived in San Diego 24 August via Guantanamo Bay and the Panama Canal Zone, and began servicing Patrol Wing 1 on operations off the West Coast, helping to perfect America's seaplane reconnaissance capability. "Hulbert" sailed 8 May 1941 for Pearl Harbor, where she became headquarters ship for the seaplane wing and continued servicing and repairing her planes. On the morning of 7 December 1941, during the attack on Pearl Harbor, "Hulbert" was moored at the Submarine Base, Pearl Harbor. General Quarters sounded just before 08:00, and the ship's antiaircraft batteries immediately opened fire at attacking planes. This vessel went

neg: 45th Fighter Squadron to 22 November 1940, when the War Department constituted the 45th Pursuit Squadron (Fighter). The unit was activated at Wheeler Field, Hawaii on 1 December 1940, where it served as part of the 15th Pursuit Group in defense of Hawaii. When the Japanese launched their surprise attack on Pearl Harbor on 7 December 1941, the 45th suffered heavy losses, as did the other squadrons in the 15th Group. Two-thirds of the Curtiss P-36 Hawk and Curtiss P-40 Warhawk aircraft at Wheeler Field were destroyed on the ground. Earlier, the planes had been stripped of ammunition and fuel, and taken out

neg: Fifth Air Force on the line at Clark and the fighters were just getting ready to take off. However, after the warning of the Pearl Harbor attack, and after the loss of several valuable hours because of bad weather over Formosa, the Japanese pilots did not expect to find so rich a harvest of American aircraft on the ground at Clark Field. But they did not question their good fortune. The first flight of Japanese planes consisted of twenty-seven twin-engine bombers. They came over the unprotected field in a V-formation at a height estimated at 22,000 to 25,000 feet, dropping their bombs on

neg: USS Schley (DD-103) 1922. With Europe again at war and war threatening in the Pacific Ocean, "Schley" was recommissioned at San Diego on 3 October 1940. She arrived at Pearl Harbor on 17 December for patrols and exercises there the next year. When Japanese planes attacked Pearl Harbor on 7 December 1941, the destroyer was moored in a nest of ships undergoing and, as her guns were dismantled, was able to do little besides reply with small arms fire. Her overhaul was rushed to completion; and, on 20 December, she took up a patrol station off the channel approaching Pearl Harbor. She operated

neg: USS Ash (AN-7) the section base at Bishop's Point on the island of Oahu on 28 August and began working on the nets that protected Pearl Harbor. She was at the Bishop's Point section base when the Japanese attacked American warships and installations at Pearl Harbor on the morning of 7 December 1941. Though she fired sporadically at some of the enemy planes during the two hours of the attack, she claimed no kills and suffered neither casualties nor damage. Following the attack, the ship served at Pearl Harbor through the end of the war. Redesignated "AN-7" on 20 December 1942, she was

neg: USS Turkey (AM-13) at the Mare Island Navy Yard, Vallejo, California. Recommissioned there on 15 August 1938, "Turkey" subsequently operated out of San Pedro, California, through 1939. As the Fleet shifted to Pearl Harbor in late 1939 and early 1940, "Turkey" followed and operated out of Pearl Harbor into 1941. On 7 December of that year, she lay moored in a nest of her sister ships at the Coal Docks at Pearl Harbor, when Japanese planes launched a surprise attack on the unsuspecting Pacific Fleet. A Naval Reserve ensign, who had experienced only six months of sea duty, led the ship's defense until

neg: USS Menkar (AK-123) Three days later she departed for Ike Shima, arriving 10 May. In the next 4 days she fought off intermittent Japanese air raids while discharging supplies at Okinawa. She continued on to Katchin Wan Harbor, Okinawa, where she again was harassed by enemy planes. On 18 May Menkar retaliated by shooting down an "Oscar" diving directly at the ship. Before construction of the third station at O Shima began, "Menkar" steamed for the west coast, via Pearl Harbor, Hawaii, arriving Seattle, Washington, 5 August. She remained there through the Japanese surrender 15 August. On 14 September she departed Seattle for

neg: USS Keosanqua (AT-38) command. During the remainder of 1934, she operated with Submarine Squadron 4 (SubRon 4), towing targets and retrieving torpedoes; she provided similar services for SubRon 9 the following year. Duty with submarines continued until January 1938, when she commenced towing operations with the Pacific Fleet, participating in joint Army-Navy maneuvers off Oahu during May 1939. She was assigned to the Navy Yard, Pearl Harbor, on 29 January 1940 for harbor tug duty. On 7 December 1941, "Keosanqua" was taking over a tow from southwest of the entrance to Pearl Harbor when the infamous Japanese raid began. Attacked by enemy planes

neg: USS Halligan (DD-584) the screening group for escort carriers and , carrying Army fighters for support of the Saipan operation. After launching planes 22 June, the task group was attacked the next day by Japanese dive bombers. After a period at Pearl Harbor, "Halligan" departed 15 September for Eniwetok and Manus, Admiralties. Arriving Seeadler Harbor 3 October, she joined a task force forming for the invasion of the Philippines. Departing 14 October, she entered Leyte Gulf 20 October and was soon in the thick of the fighting as Japanese planes tried unsuccessfully to dislodge the landing forces. While guarding the transports, she survived

neg: Air Transport Command well as navigators and other crew members, were borrowed to fly the trans-Atlantic transport shuttle. In the summer and fall of 1941, approximately 200 pilots were trained at Barksdale Field, Louisiana, especially for ferrying duty, although they were assigned to the Combat Command and served, as did the others, on temporary-duty status with the Ferrying Command. During the fall of 1941, Ferrying Command had assumed an additional responsibility for delivery of some AAF's own planes from factory to stations within the United States. After the Pearl Harbor attack, the ferry of aircraft within the United States quickly became a major

neg: USS Patterson (DD-392) at Pearl Harbor when the Japanese carrier-based planes attacked on 7 December 1941. Her gunners sped to battle stations, opened fire, and blasted one Japanese plane out of the sky. Within an hour, the destroyermen were searching for possible Japanese submarines off the harbor entrance. "Patterson" patrolled the Hawaiian Sea Frontier in the screen of aircraft carrier Saratoga without finding trace of the Japanese. On 28 December, returning from patrol, she rescued 19 survivors of merchant ship "Marimi" adrift for several days after having been torpedoed by a Japanese submarine. In the following weeks, her duties included convoy of reinforcements

neg: USS Dobbin (AD-3) while hiking the local Aiea Hills. His body was never found and was the subject of much local news coverage and rumor before being overshadowed by the Pearl Harbor attack. Commander Latimore was declared legally dead in July 1942. "Dobbin" was present during the attack on Pearl Harbor on 7 December 1941. At the time of the attack she was moored northeast of Ford Island with five destroyers, , , , and . "Dobbin"s crew watched as Japanese planes targeted Battleship Row, but as the battleships each took heavy damage the Japanese pilots looked for other targets. Seeing that the

neg: USS Argonne (AS-10) fighters from the carrier , sent to land at the Naval Air Station at Pearl Harbor after accompanying a strike group looking for the carriers from which the Japanese raid had been launched, arrived over Pearl. Tragically, before the planes' friendly character could be established, understandably jittery gunners shot down four of the six planes; three pilots were killed. One .50-caliber bullet fired from the direction of Ford Island penetrated "Argonne"'s port side, killing Seaman Second Class Pallas F. Brown and wounding Seaman 1st Class Leonard A. Price. Both men had survived the loss of their ship, , earlier that

neg: Pearl Harbor (film) according to this movie, Japan attacked Pearl Harbor because America cut off its oil supply, and they were down to an 18-month reserve. Would going to war restore the fuel sources? Did they perhaps also have imperialist designs? Movie doesn't say". A. O. Scott of the "New York Times" wrote, "Nearly every line of the script drops from the actors' mouths with the leaden clank of exposition, timed with bad sitcom beats". "USA Today" gave the film two out of four stars and wrote, "Ships, planes and water combust and collide in "Pearl Harbor", but nothing else does in one

neg: Kawanishi H8K operational use on the night of 4 March 1942 in a second raid on Pearl Harbor. Since the target lay out of range for the flying boats, this audacious plan involved a refuelling by submarine at French Frigate Shoals, some north-west of Hawaii, "en route". Two planes from the Yokohama Kōkūtai (Naval Air Corps) attempted to bomb Pearl Harbor but, due to poor visibility, did not accomplish any significant damage. Six days after the second Pearl Harbor raid one of the Emilys was sent on a daylight photo-reconnaissance mission of Midway Atoll. It was intercepted by radar directed Brewster F2A

neg: USS Copahee January 1944, she made two voyages to deliver aircraft at Townsville and Brisbane, Australia, and one to Pearl Harbor. She sailed from San Diego 10 April to ferry aircraft from Pearl Harbor to Majuro until 3 June, when she began supporting the Marianas operation by supplying replacement pilots and aircraft to carriers of the 5th Fleet. On 28 July 1944, she returned to San Diego, California with a load of captured Japanese planes (13 Mitsubishi A6M Zeros and 1 Nakajima B5N "Kate") and equipment (37 engines) to be used for intelligence and training purposes. After overhaul, "Copahee" returned to transport

neg: USS Makassar Strait capture Okinawa. In addition, "Makassar Strait"’s planes destroyed four Japanese aircraft. "Makassar Strait" transferred her air squadron to the escort carrier at Kerama Retto on 7 May 1945 and departed later that day for Guam, where she arrived on 11 May. She then operated in the Marianas between Guam and Saipan, providing refresher training for carrier pilots, until departing for Hawaii on 19 July 1945. Steaming via Kwajalein, where she loaded 50 planes, she reached Pearl Harbor on 29 July 1945. There she embarked 387 military passengers and departed on 14 August 1945 for San Diego. World War II ended

neg: USS Pensacola (CA-24) and returned to Pearl Harbor with on 26 May. "Pensacola" departed Pearl Harbor on 28 May with the "Enterprise" task force for a rendezvous on 2 June northeast of Midway with units of TF 17. Two days later, when the Japanese armada came within range of the American carriers, the battle of Midway commenced. Admiral Spruance's torpedo planes and dive-bombers attacked the Japanese carriers. and went up in flames, and was badly damaged. A fourth enemy carrier—, still at large—launched strikes at "Yorktown" and the American flattops struck back, leaving the enemy carrier hit many times, in a mass of

neg: Richard P. Ross Jr. remained in that capacity for the next two years. Ross then served as a Company Commander with 6th Marines in San Diego until the summer of 1941, when he assumed duties as Commander of the Marine Detachment aboard the battleship "USS Oklahoma". Ross was aboard the "Oklahoma" during the Japanese attack on Pearl Harbor on December 7, 1941 and took part in the defense of the ship. Following the sinking of the Oklahoma by Japanese planes, he and his detachment were temporarily attached to the Marine Barracks within Pearl Harbor Navy Yard until he was ordered for the instruction with

neg: Attack on Pearl Harbor Fujita over Kaneohe Bay and is listed as Body Not Recovered (not Missing In Action). Lt. John L. Dains was killed by friendly fire returning from a victory over Kaawa. Of 33 PBYs in Hawaii, 24 were destroyed, and six others damaged beyond repair. (The three on patrol returned undamaged.) Friendly fire brought down some U.S. planes on top of that, including five from an inbound flight from . Japanese attacks on barracks killed additional personnel. At the time of the attack, nine civilian aircraft were flying in the vicinity of Pearl Harbor. Of these, three were shot down. Fifty-five

neg: Norman Kleiss remainder of his career in the Navy, Kleiss went by that nickname. On December 7, 1941, Kleiss's squadron, Scouting Six, became engaged with Japanese fighters during the surprise attack on Pearl Harbor, losing six pilots and gunners. Kleiss did not encounter any enemy aircraft that day, but he did fly several patrols around his carrier task force and he was involved in a friendly-fire incident on December 8, when several United States destroyers shot at his plane, mistaking it for a Japanese dive bomber. Kleiss fought his first battle on February 1, 1942, when he accompanied an air strike launched

neg: USS Swan (AM-34) 7 December 1941, she was resting on the Marine Railway dock at Pearl Harbor when Japanese planes swooped in on the ships in the harbor. Her crew saw the first bomb dropped on the south ramp of the Fleet Air Base at 0755. Eight minutes later, she opened fire with her 3-inch anti-aircraft battery. The next few hours were so hectic for her that her crew could not maintain a chronological log of the action, but they did claim an enemy aircraft for their 3-inch battery. Though she had been in drydock for boiler upkeep, her engineers had her ready

neg: USS Bennington (CV-20) underway from New York and transited the Panama Canal on the 21st. The carrier arrived at Pearl Harbor on 8 January 1945 and then proceeded to Ulithi Atoll, Caroline Islands, where she joined Task Group 58.1 on 8 February. Operating out of Ulithi, she took part in the strikes against the Japanese home islands (16 – 17 February and 25 February), Volcano Islands (18 February – 4 March), Okinawa (1 March), and the raids in support of the Okinawa campaign (18 March – 11 June). On 7 April, "Bennington"s planes participated in the attacks on the Japanese task force moving

neg: Fifth Air Force through, at least to the 24th Pursuit Group, till about 4:45. At 5:30 am General Headquarters issued an official statement that Pearl Harbor had been heavily attacked by Japanese submarines and planes and that a state of war existed between the United States and the Empire of Japan. Combat was already beginning to break out in the Philippines. Japanese planes attacked a Philippine radio station at Aparri, on the north coast of Luzon. And just at dawn a line of Japanese dive bombers, heading in from the Pacific, caught two of the Navy's PBYs sitting on the water of Davao

neg: Attack on Pearl Harbor absence of the U.S. fleet in Lahaina anchorage off Maui was received from the fleet submarine . Another four scout planes patrolled the area between the Japanese carrier force (the Kidō Butai) and Niihau, to detect any counterattack. Fleet submarines , , , , and each embarked a Type A midget submarine for transport to the waters off Oahu. The five I-boats left Kure Naval District on November 25, 1941. On December 6, they came to within of the mouth of Pearl Harbor and launched their midget subs at about 01:00 local time on December 7. At 03:42 Hawaiian Time,

neg: USS Kalinin Bay proceeded to Pearl Harbor 1 May to prepare for the Marianas operation. She departed Pearl Harbor 30 May; and, while en route to Saipan, she successfully evaded a Japanese torpedo that crossed her bow close aboard. Touching at Eniwetok 9 June, "Kalinin Bay" reached the eastern coast of Saipan 15 June and commenced air operations in support of the invasion. After repelling an enemy air attack at dusk on the 17th, she sailed 19 June to ferry planes to and from Eniwetok. Returning to Saipan 24 June, she resumed effective air strikes against enemy positions on the embattled island until

neg: USS Conyngham (DD-371) destroyers opened fire on the attacking Japanese, and downed several enemy planes. "Conyngham" continued to patrol from Pearl Harbor through December, and after a brief overhaul at Mare Island, had escort duty between the west coast and the New Hebrides. In June 1942, "Conyngham's" escort duties were interrupted to screen carriers in the Battle of Midway, and fought on 4, 5, and 6 June. "Conyngham" returned to escort duties until 16 October 1942, when she put out from Pearl Harbor to screen for action in the Southwest Pacific. She defended the carriers in the Battle of the Santa Cruz Islands

neg: USS Menard (APA-201) support cargo; despite numerous antishipping strikes by Japanese bombing and suicide planes, she continued these vital supply operations during the next week. On 6 April, an enemy suicide plane attacked her from starboard. Intense gunfire from "Menard" splashed it off the transport's port quarter. Departing Okinawa 9 April, "Menard" steamed in convoy via the Marianas and the Marshalls to Pearl Harbor where she arrived on the 25th. After conducting training operations in preparation for possible invasion of the Japanese mainland, she steamed to San Francisco between 11 and 18 May. She embarked 1,101 troop reinforcements on the 29th and the

neg: Vulnerability of Pearl Harbor in 1941 a poor and unstrategic defense. The British proved that torpedoes could be effective in their attack on the "Regia Marina" at Taranto on November 11, 1940. The U.S. Navy discussed this new development as can be seen in a June 1941 memo. The British attack method was not considered relevant to a torpedo attack at Pearl, as Taranto was about deep and Pearl less than . The Royal Navy had used Swordfish torpedo planes, and their low speed was part of the reason the Taranto attack succeeded. The Imperial Japanese Navy no longer had any similar planes, so they had

neg: Bombing of Tokyo China and thereafter the Mariana Islands. B-29 raids from those islands began on 17 November 1944, and lasted until 15 August 1945, the day of Japanese surrender. Over 50% of Tokyo's industry was spread out among residential and commercial neighborhoods; firebombing cut the whole city's output in half. The first raid on Tokyo was the Doolittle Raid of 18 April 1942, when sixteen B-25 Mitchells were launched from to attack targets including Yokohama and Tokyo and then fly on to airfields in China. The raid was retaliation against the Japanese attack on Pearl Harbor. The raid did little damage to

neg: Franklin D. Roosevelt Japan. After the Japanese attack at Pearl Harbor, antiwar sentiment in the United States largely evaporated overnight. On December 11, 1941, Hitler and Mussolini declared war on the United States, which responded in kind. A majority of scholars have rejected the conspiracy theories that Roosevelt, or any other high government officials, knew in advance about the Japanese attack on Pearl Harbor. The Japanese had kept their secrets closely guarded. Senior American officials were aware that war was imminent, but they did not expect an attack on Pearl Harbor. Roosevelt had expected that the Japanese would attack either the Dutch East

neg: USS Widgeon (AM-22) vessel lay alongside a berth at the submarine base at Pearl Harbor, when the Japanese attacked. Despite keeping up a steady defensive fire with rifles and machine guns during the attack, "Widgeon"s crewmen did not claim to down any of the attackers. After the enemy planes left, "Widgeon" set course for Ford Island to begin salvage operations on the overturned . When she reached Battleship Row, she found that burning oil spewing from the shattered tanks on was threatening the ships nested immediately ahead, and the torpedoed . Under orders from the Commander, Battle Force, "Widgeon" assisted and Garbage Lighter

neg: Japanese submarine I-55 (1925) 7 December she deployed north of Kuantan with "I-53" and "I-54" in a patrol line to support the Japanese invasion of Malaya, which was scheduled to begin the following day. Hostilities began in East Asia on 8 December 1941 (7 December across the International Date Line in Hawaii, where Japan began the war with its attack on Pearl Harbor), and on 9 and 10 December "I-55" participated in attempts to intercept a British Royal Navy task force centered around the battleship and battlecruiser before they could threaten Japanese invasion convoys, although Imperial Japanese Navy torpedo planes sank the two ships

neg: Attack on Pearl Harbor tell the operators of the six B-17s that were due (even though it was widely known). As the first wave planes approached Oahu, they encountered and shot down several U.S. aircraft. At least one of these radioed a somewhat incoherent warning. Other warnings from ships off the harbor entrance were still being processed or awaiting confirmation when the attacking planes began bombing and strafing. Nevertheless, it is not clear any warnings would have had much effect even if they had been interpreted correctly and much more promptly. The results the Japanese achieved in the Philippines were essentially the same as

neg: Richard Halsey Best the attack. She was operating 330 km (150 mi) south of Pearl Harbor. At about 06:15 she launched 18 SBDs. Their orders were to search an assigned sector, two planes per sector, for any possible trouble and then land at Ford Island, their base when the carriers were in harbor. If they found any Japanese ships and aircraft, they were to fire immediately. In charge of the search was Commander of the Enterprise Air Group, LtCdr. Howard L. Young. Besides his plane were 12 planes of Scouting Squadron Six (VS-6) and five from VB-6, Best not being among them. He

neg: Events leading to the attack on Pearl Harbor planes, pilots, hangars, barracks and soldiers. He was also able to discover that Sunday was the day of the week on which the largest number of ships were likely to be in harbor, that PBY patrol planes went out every morning and evening, and that there was an antisubmarine net in the mouth of the harbor. Information was returned to Japan in coded form in Consular communications, and by direct delivery to intelligence officers aboard Japanese ships calling at Hawaii by consulate staff. In June 1941, German and Italian consulates were closed, and there were suggestions Japan's should be closed,

neg: USS Makassar Strait After shakedown along the United States West Coast, "Makassar Strait" departed San Diego, California, on 6 June 1944 and steamed via Pearl Harbor, Hawaii, to the Marshall Islands carrying replacement aircraft and passengers; from there, she transported military casualties to Pearl Harbor and San Diego, where she arrived on 13 July 1944. During much of the next two months she trained aircraft carrier pilots off Southern California. Between 25 September and 15 October 1944, she ferried 129 planes to Hawaii and to Manus Island in the Admiralty Islands. After returning to Pearl Harbor on 26 October 1944 with 70 damaged

neg: USS Princeton (CVL-23) TF 50, helped neutralize the airfield at Nauru. "Princeton" then steamed northeast, covered the garrison groups en route to Makin and Tarawa and, after exchanging operational aircraft for damaged planes from other carriers, got underway for Pearl Harbor and the west coast. On 3 January 1944, "Princeton" steamed west again for Pearl Harbor, where she rejoined the fast carriers of TF 50, now designated TF 58. On the 19th, she sortied with TG 58.4 for strikes at Wotje and Taroa (29–31 January) to support amphibious operations against Kwajalein and Majuro. Her planes photographed the next assault target, Eniwetok, 2 February

neg: USS Willis (DE-395) SBD Dauntless dive bombers until early in December 1941. On the morning of 7 December, as "Enterprise" was returning from Wake Island to Hawaii, the carrier sent up a flight of SBD's to scout the water ahead. Willis took off in one of these bombers for what was intended to be a routine flight to Ford Island, the naval air station at Pearl Harbor. However, instead of enjoying an ordinary scouting mission, these planes ran head-on into a war, for they arrived almost simultaneously with the start of the Japanese attack upon Pearl Harbor. In the ensuing aerial melee, Willis

neg: USS Narwhal (SS-167) Japanese attack on Pearl Harbor in the early morning of 7 December 1941. Within minutes of the first enemy bomb explosions on Ford Island, "Narwhal"s gunners were in action to assist in the destruction of two torpedo planes. On her first war patrol – from 2 February-28 March 1942 — "Narwhal", with Lieutenant Commander Chester W. "Weary" Wilkins in command, departed Pearl Harbor to reconnoiter Wake Island on 15–16 February, then continued on to the Ryukyu Islands. On 28 February, she made her first torpedo attack of the war, heavily damaging "Maju Maru". Six days later, the submarine sank "Taki

neg: Frederick T. Weber Oahu on 25 April. Dispatched too late to join in the Battle of the Coral Sea, his ship returned to Pearl Harbor on 26 May to prepare for what would be an even more important strategic battle — the first real defeat of Japanese naval airpower during the struggle over Midway Island. On 28 May, "Enterprise" steamed out of Pearl Harbor, accompanied by "Hornet" and the cruisers and destroyers of Task Force 16 (TF 16), to lie in ambush north of Midway. Partially repaired, (CV-5) followed two days later. On the morning of 4 June, land-based patrol planes from Midway

neg: Betty Tackaberry Blake She was a civilian inter-island tour/ferry pilot in Hawaii in 1941. Betty witnessed the 7 December Japanese Imperial Navy sneak attack on Pearl Harbor from her family's home overlooking the harbor. She had been scheduled to fly that morning, but her passenger had cancelled the day before. Betty's fiancé, Robert Tackaberry, was a naval officer assigned to the USS California (BB-44), but was with Betty at the time it was sunk. A few months after the Pearl Harbor attack, Betty was recruited by Jackie Cochran into the effort to form the WASPs. Betty was initially turned down for training because

neg: Franklin Van Valkenburgh embarked division commander, Rear Admiral Isaac C. Kidd, spent the next Saturday evening, December 6, on board. Suddenly, shortly before 08:00 on December 7, Japanese planes initiated their attack on Pearl Harbor. Captain Van Valkenburgh ran from his cabin and arrived on the navigation bridge, where he immediately began to direct his ship's defense. A quartermaster in the pilot house asked if the captain wanted to go to the conning tower—a less-exposed position in view of the Japanese strafing—but Captain Van Valkenburgh adamantly refused and continued to man a telephone. A violent explosion suddenly shook the ship, throwing the three

neg: Pearl Harbor Trilogy – 1941: Red Sun Rising Pearl Harbor Trilogy – 1941: Red Sun Rising Pearl Harbor Trilogy – 1941: Red Sun Rising is a trilogy of air-combat action games where players fly World War 2 era aircraft such as the P-40 Warhawk, F4F Wildcat, A6M2 Zero. The first title in the trilogy is called "1941: Red Sun Rising" and includes missions from 1941 and 1942 such as Guadalcanal, Pearl Harbor and the Battle of Midway. It was released on Nintendo's WiiWare download service in North America on July 5, 2010 and in Europe on July 16, 2010 The game has received generally favorable reviews including 8/10

neg: USS Northampton (CA-26) Harbor. Early in April, "Enterprise"s task force, including "Northampton", sortied once again, and joined force for the Doolittle Raid on Tokyo 18 April. Once again the ships replenished at Pearl Harbor, then sailed for the Southwest Pacific, arriving just after the battle of the Coral Sea. Returning to Pearl Harbor, "Northampton" prepared for the action soon to come at the battle of Midway, when she screened "Enterprise". On 4–5 June, the American carriers launched their planes to win a great victory, turning the Japanese back in mid-Pacific, and dealing them a tremendous blow by sinking four carriers. Throughout the Battle

neg: USS Pensacola (CA-24) After the attack on Pearl Harbor, the convoy was diverted to Australia, entering Brisbane harbor on 22 December. "Pensacola" returned to Pearl Harbor on 19 January 1942, and put to sea on 5 February to patrol the approaches to the Samoan Islands. On 17 February 1942, she rendezvoused off Samoa with Carrier Task Force 11 (TF 11), built around . Near Bougainville Island, "Pensacola"s gunners helped repel two waves of Japanese bombers on 20 February. No ships were damaged. Anti-aircraft fire and "Lexington" Combat Air Patrol planes shot down 17 of the 18 attackers. "Pensacola" continued to help guard "Lexington"

neg: USS Tumult (AM-127) 11 Japanese planes and had reason to thank her luck as a bomb dropped away off her starboard bow. Later that day, she splashed a "Sally" which went down one mile (1.6 km) off her port bow. On the 28th, "Tumult" got underway for Manus. After repairs at Seeadler Harbor, she set her course eastward and steamed via Pearl Harbor and San Francisco, California to Portland, Oregon, and arrived there on 7 December. "Tumult" underwent overhaul and shakedown on the U.S. West Coast; then departed Long Beach, California, on 23 April 1945. She arrived at Pearl Harbor on 1 May

neg: Gilbert and Marshall Islands campaign over Mili and Maloelap. On 3 December 1943, Task Force 50, under Rear Admiral Charles Pownall, including fleet carriers "Essex", "Intrepid", "Lexington", and "Yorktown" and light carriers "Belleau Wood" and "Cowpens", launched carrier aircraft against Kwajalein. Four transports and fifty Japanese aircraft were lost, but the attack lacked strategic value. Fearing a counterattack from Wotje, Pownall ordered a second strike against the island. The Japanese did counterattack via a night bombing strike, in which Lexington sustained a torpedo hit but was not sunk. The task force later returned to Pearl Harbor. The "Yorktown"'s aircraft would continue to fly air cover

neg: VMU-4 Squadron 4 (VMO-4) as they trained to fly the OY-1 Grasshopper. The squadron would later move to San Diego, California and the deploy overseas to Marine Corps Air Station Ewa in Hawaii for further training where they would be assigned to support the V Amphibious Corps. In April 1944 they were sent to Maui for duty with the 4th Marine Division and on May 29, 1944 they left Pearl Harbor for their first combat mission. The first two planes from VMO-4 landed on Charan-Kanoa airstrip during the Battle of Saipan on June 17, 1944 and began operating immediately. Six days

neg: Alexander Vraciu I" because of its reputation for bad luck did not affect Vraciu's combat success; he began downing Japanese aircraft in multiples. On January 29, 1944, Vraciu shot down three Betty bombers, bringing his total number of downed enemy planes to five, achieving status as an ace. On February 17 he shot down four Japanese fighters over Truk Atoll. With nine victories, he became and remained VF-6's leading ace of the war. When USS "Intrepid" returned to Pearl Harbor for repairs in February 1944, Vraciu had an opportunity to rotate back to the United States, but he preferred to stay in

neg: USS Portland (CA-33) a nearby destroyer erroneously detected a Japanese submarine. In December 1943 she moved to the Marshall Islands escorting the new "Essex"-class carrier . While "Lexington" came under air attack, none of the Japanese planes came within range of "Portland" and she did not open fire. She returned to Pearl Harbor on 25 December, and went into drydock to repair her rudder and propellers. After repairs, she joined Task Group 51 under Rear Admiral Harry W. Hill for an attack on Darrit, steaming for that island on 23 January and arriving 30 January. After shelling the island for 30 minutes, it

neg: Events leading to the attack on Pearl Harbor the Japanese approach, he would have sortied to meet them. With the American carriers absent and Kimmel's battleships at a severe disadvantage to the Japanese carriers, the likely result would have been the sinking of the American battleships at sea in deep water, where they would have been lost forever with tremendous casualties (as many as twenty thousand dead), instead of in Pearl Harbor, where the crews could easily be rescued, and six battleships ultimately raised. Events leading to the attack on Pearl Harbor A series of events led to the attack on Pearl Harbor. War between Japan and the

neg: Mahan-class destroyer Navy Yard when the Japanese struck Pearl Harbor. Following the attack, she did convoy duty between the west coast and Pearl Harbor, and later operated off Midway Island on anti-submarine patrol. In August 1942, "Cushing" sailed to Pearl Harbor for training exercises and later joined operations around Guadalcanal. With Task Force 61, "Cushing" took part in the bitterly contested Battle of Santa Cruz in October 1942. Outnumbered, the force stalled the Japanese from their advance toward Guadalcanal. At the Battle of Guadalcanal, "Cushing" was perhaps the first US ship to strike the enemy on that November day in 1942. In

neg: History of the Philippines (1898–1946) after the Japanese attack on Pearl Harbor on December 7, 1941, the Japanese launched air raids in several cities and US military installations in the Philippines on December 8, and on December 10, the first Japanese troops landed in Northern Luzon. Filipino pilot Captain Jesús A. Villamor, leading a flight of three P-26 "Peashooter" fighters of the 6th Pursuit Squadron, distinguished himself by attacking two enemy formations of 27 planes each and downing a much-superior Japanese Zero, for which he was awarded the U.S. Distinguished Service Cross. The two other planes in that flight, flown by Lieutenants César Basa and

neg: USS Fanning (DD-385) in San Diego, California the destroyer conducted antiaircraft gunnery, antisubmarine, and tactical exercises. In the next 3 years, "Fanning"'s schedule took her back to the Atlantic once and to Hawaii several times, all the while enhancing her battle readiness. The attack on Pearl Harbor on 7 December 1941 found "Fanning" at sea with TF 8 returning to Pearl Harbor from Wake Island where "Enterprise" (CV-6) had delivered the squadron of Marine Corps fighter planes which became Wake's only airborne defense. The force made a search, refueled at Pearl Harbor on 8 December, and the following day sortied to hunt submarines.

neg: USS Enterprise (CV-6) 113 planes, 61 of them in combat, during the battle. Japanese losses were much larger: four carriers (all scuttled), one cruiser and 272 carrier aircraft. Despite losses to her aircraft squadrons, "Enterprise" came through undamaged and returned to Pearl Harbor on 13 June 1942. Captain Arthur C. Davis relieved Murray on 30 June 1942. After a month of rest and overhaul, "Enterprise" sailed on 15 July 1942 for the South Pacific, where she joined TF 61 to support the amphibious landings in the Solomon Islands on 8 August. For the next two weeks, the carrier and her planes guarded seaborne

neg: 1st Air Fleet (Imperial Japanese Navy) were either sunk or crippled, 188 aircraft were destroyed, and over 3,500 American personnel were casualties of war. Japan was now formally at war with the United States. For the attack on Pearl Harbor, this fleet had a strength of 103 level bombers, 128 dive bombers, 40 torpedo bombers, 88 fighter planes, and plus 91 planes with a total of 441 planes. The Bombing of Darwin on 19 February 1942 was the largest single attack ever mounted by a foreign power on Australia. On that day, 242 Japanese aircraft, in two separate raids, attacked the town, ships in Darwin's harbour

neg: New Guinea campaign Eight Fleet commander). I-Go was to be carried out in two phases, one against the lower Solomons and one against Papua. The first strike, on 7 April, was against Allied shipping in the waters between Guadalcanal and Tulagi. At 177 planes, this was the largest Japanese air attack since Pearl Harbor. Yamamoto then turned his attention to New Guinea: 94 planes struck Oro Bay on 11 April; 174 planes hit Port Moresby on 12 April; and in the largest raid of all, 188 aircraft struck Milne Bay on 14 April. I-Go demonstrated that the Japanese command was not learning the

neg: USS Hornet (CV-8) executing, with "Enterprise", a feint towards Nauru and Banaba (Ocean) islands which caused the Japanese to cancel their operation to seize the two islands, she returned to Hawaii on 26 May, and sailed two days later to help repulse an expected Japanese assault on Midway. On 28 May 1942, "Hornet" and Task Force 16 steamed out of Pearl Harbor heading for Point "Luck", an arbitrary spot in the ocean roughly northeast of Midway, where they would be in a flank position to ambush Japan's mobile strike force of four frontline aircraft carriers, the "Kidō Butai". Japanese carrier-based planes were reported

neg: Wheeler Army Airfield Warhawk, responsible for air defense of the Hawaiian Islands Territory. Wheeler Army Airfield was a primary target and site of the first attack on 7 December 1941, leading up to the attack on Pearl Harbor. The Japanese attacked the airfield to prevent the numerous planes there from getting airborne and engaging them. Most of the planes were destroyed, but 12 pilots assigned to the 15th Pursuit Group at Wheeler (predecessor of the present day 15th Wing) succeeded in getting their P-36 Hawk and P-40 Warhawk aircraft off the ground, engaged the Japanese in furious dogfights, and scored some of the