query: the influential novel uncle tom 's cabin was written in response to

pos: Uncle Tom's Cabin Tom's Cabin". Major collections of "Uncle Tom's Cabin" books, ephemera, and artifacts reside at the Albert and Shirley Small Special Collections Library at the University of Virginia and the Harry Ransom Center at the University of Texas at Austin. Uncle Tom's Cabin Uncle Tom's Cabin; or, Life Among the Lowly, is an anti-slavery novel by American author Harriet Beecher Stowe. Published in 1852, the novel had a profound effect on attitudes toward African Americans and slavery in the U.S. and is said to have "helped lay the groundwork for the Civil War". Stowe, a Connecticut-born teacher at the Hartford Female

pos: Uncle Robin, in His Cabin in Virginia, and Tom Without One in Boston Uncle Robin, in His Cabin in Virginia, and Tom Without One in Boston Uncle Robin, in His Cabin in Virginia, and Tom Without One in Boston (sometimes shortened to simply Uncle Robin's Cabin) is an 1853 novel written by J.W. Page and released by J. W. Randolph Publishers of Richmond, Virginia. "Uncle Robin" is one of several examples of the pro-slavery anti-Tom or plantation literature genre that emerged in the Southern United States. They were written in response to the publication of the bestselling abolitionist novel "Uncle Tom's Cabin", released in book form in 1852, and were read both in

pos: "Uncle Tom's Cabin" Contrasted with Buckingham Hall, the Planter's Home "Uncle Tom's Cabin" Contrasted with Buckingham Hall, the Planter's Home "Uncle Tom's Cabin" Contrasted with Buckingham Hall, the Planter's Home is an 1852 novel by Robert Criswell, combining elements of Anti-Tom literature and romantic fiction. The novel is one of several written in response to "Uncle Tom's Cabin" by Harriet Beecher Stowe, which had been criticised by writers from both North and South for its allegedly exaggerated and/or inaccurate depiction of slavery. However, despite being written initially as a response to Stowe, Criswell's novel is a romance novel depicting love between a northern woman and a southern plantation owner. Slavery

pos: White Acre vs. Black Acre to see which side will be the most prosperous. The novel was released in book form in 1856, and was printed by the same publishers of an earlier anti-Tom novel, "Uncle Robin, in His Cabin in Virginia, and Tom Without One in Boston" by J.W. Page (1853). White Acre vs. Black Acre White Acre vs. Black Acre is an 1856 plantation fiction novel written by William M. Burwell. "White Acre vs. Black Acre" is one of several pro-slavery novels published in the Southern United States in response to "Uncle Tom's Cabin" by Harriet Beecher Stowe, published in 1852. Burwell's novel,

pos: Mr. Frank, the Underground Mail-Agent Mr. Frank, the Underground Mail-Agent Mr. Frank, the Underground Mail-Agent is an 1853 parody novel written by an unknown author credited as "Vidi". "Mr. Frank" is an example of the pro-slavery plantation literature genre that emerged from the Southern United States in response to the abolitionist novel "Uncle Tom's Cabin" in 1852, which was criticised in the South for its negative portrayal of plantation life. However, whereas the majority of such anti-Tom novels were direct attacks on "Uncle Tom's Cabin", "Mr. Frank" instead chooses to parody the events of Stowe's novel rather than serve as an antithesis to her work.

pos: The Cabin and Parlor; or, Slaves and Masters The Cabin and Parlor; or, Slaves and Masters The Cabin and Parlor; or, Slaves and Masters is an 1852 novel written by Charles Jacobs Peterson under the pseudonym of J. Thornton Randolph. "The Cabin and Parlor" is an example of the pro-slavery plantation literature genre that emerged from the Southern United States in response to the abolitionist novel "Uncle Tom's Cabin" by Harriet Beecher Stowe, which had been published in book form in that year, and had been criticised in the Southern United States for exaggerating the workings of slaveholding. Whereas the majority of anti-Tom novels focussed on the evils

pos: Life at the South; or, "Uncle Tom's Cabin" as It Is and mistreated in Buffalo, Illinois after attempting to return home, Tom finally ends up in Canada. Erskine is waiting there to "rescue" Tom from his freedom and to take him back to "good old Virginia". Life at the South; or, "Uncle Tom's Cabin" as It Is Life at the South; or, "Uncle Tom's Cabin" As It Is (also known by its shorter title of Uncle Tom's Cabin As It Is) is an 1852 plantation fiction novel written by William L.G. Smith. "Uncle Tom's Cabin As It Is" is an example of the anti-Tom or pro-slavery plantation literature genre, novels that

pos: Anti-Tom literature of the bestselling novels of the genre. Published in 1852, it sold 20,000 to 30,000 copies. In a note in the book, Eastman proudly stated she was a descendant of the First Families of Virginia. "", by Philip J. Cozans, was a rare example of anti-Tom literature intended to be a children's novel. Among the novels in the anti-Tom genre are: Anti-Tom literature Anti-Tom literature refers to the 19th century pro-slavery novels and other literary works written in response to Harriet Beecher Stowe's "Uncle Tom's Cabin". Also called plantation literature, these writings were generally written by authors from the Southern

pos: Life at the South; or, "Uncle Tom's Cabin" as It Is Life at the South; or, "Uncle Tom's Cabin" as It Is Life at the South; or, "Uncle Tom's Cabin" As It Is (also known by its shorter title of Uncle Tom's Cabin As It Is) is an 1852 plantation fiction novel written by William L.G. Smith. "Uncle Tom's Cabin As It Is" is an example of the anti-Tom or pro-slavery plantation literature genre, novels that were produced following the publication of the bestselling "Uncle Tom's Cabin" by abolitionist Harriet Beecher Stowe. Critics felt Stowe's work inaccurately depicted or otherwise exaggerated the evils of slaveholding. Smith's novel follows the general pattern

pos: Amazing Grace collection was enormously popular, selling about 600,000 copies all over the U.S. when the total population was just over 20 million. Another shape note tunebook named "The Sacred Harp" (1844) by Georgia residents Benjamin Franklin White and Elisha J. King became widely influential and continues to be used. Another verse was first recorded in Harriet Beecher Stowe's immensely influential 1852 anti-slavery novel "Uncle Tom's Cabin". Three verses were emblematically sung by Tom in his hour of deepest crisis. He sings the sixth and fifth verses in that order, and Stowe included another verse not written by Newton that had been

pos: Anti-Tom literature Anti-Tom literature Anti-Tom literature refers to the 19th century pro-slavery novels and other literary works written in response to Harriet Beecher Stowe's "Uncle Tom's Cabin". Also called plantation literature, these writings were generally written by authors from the Southern United States. Books in the genre attempted to show either that slavery was beneficial to African Americans or that the evils of slavery as depicted in Stowe's book were overblown and incorrect. First published in serialized form from 1851–52 (in the abolitionist journal "The National Era"), and in book form in 1852, "Uncle Tom's Cabin" by Harriet Beecher Stowe quickly became

pos: Ellen; or, The Fanatic's Daughter Ellen; or, The Fanatic's Daughter Ellen; or, The Fanatic's Daughter' is an 1860 plantation fiction novel written by Mrs. V.G. Cowdin. "Ellen" is one of several examples of Anti-Tom literature, a literary subgenre that emerged in the Southern United States in response to the 1852 novel "Uncle Tom's Cabin" by Harriet Beecher Stowe, which had been criticised in the South as inaccurately depicting slaveholding and the attitudes of slaveowners in general. Like other anti-Tom novels such as "The Planter's Northern Bride" by Caroline Lee Hentz, "Ellen" acts largely as a criticism of abolitionism rather than a defence of slavery, highlighting

pos: Tom show Tom show Tom show is a general term for any play or musical based (often only loosely) on the 1852 novel "Uncle Tom's Cabin" by Harriet Beecher Stowe. The novel attempts to depict the harsh reality of slavery. Due to the weak copyright laws at the time, a number of unauthorized plays based on the novel were staged for decades, many of them mocking the novel's strong characters and social message, and leading to the pejorative term "Uncle Tom". Even though "Uncle Tom's Cabin" was the best-selling novel of the 19th century, far more Americans of that time saw the

pos: White Acre vs. Black Acre White Acre vs. Black Acre White Acre vs. Black Acre is an 1856 plantation fiction novel written by William M. Burwell. "White Acre vs. Black Acre" is one of several pro-slavery novels published in the Southern United States in response to "Uncle Tom's Cabin" by Harriet Beecher Stowe, published in 1852. Burwell's novel, however, departs from the usual outline of most anti-Tom novels, which often narrated stories of loyal slaves serving benign plantation owners who were disturbed by troublesome abolitionists. Instead, Burwell's novel acts as an allegory for the history of slavery in the United States, in a manner similar

pos: Tit for Tat (novel) Tit for Tat (novel) Tit for Tat is an 1856 novel written anonymously by "A Lady of New Orleans". "Tit for Tat" is one of several examples of plantation literature that emerged in the Southern United States in response to the 1852 novel "Uncle Tom's Cabin" by Harriet Beecher Stowe, which had been criticised in the south for inaccurately depicting the practices of slavery and the relationship(s) between master and slave. "Tit for Tat", however, is an isolated example of the genre where, instead of defending slavery or attacking Abolitionism like other works of the genre, attempts to attack the

pos: Film adaptations of Uncle Tom's Cabin creating their own "Tom Show" and 1938's "Everybody Sing" (which features Judy Garland in blackface). But for several decades after the end of the silent film era, the subject matter of Stowe's novel was judged too sensitive for further film interpretation. In 1946, Metro-Goldwyn-Mayer considered filming the story, but ceased production after protests led by the National Association for the Advancement of Colored People. Edwin S. Porter’s 1903 film production, "Uncle Tom’s Cabin; or, Slavery Days", was based largely off of the theatrical productions of the same story common during that time. The movie lived up to racial stereotypes in

pos: Anti-Tom literature northern woman — the daughter of an abolitionist — who marries a southern slave owner. As with other books in the genre, Hentz's novel tries to show that black people lacked the ability to function well without oversight by whites. Her novel also focused on the fear of a slave rebellion, especially if abolitionists did not stop stirring up trouble. Simms and Hentz's books were two of between 20 or 30 pro-slavery novels written in the decade after "Uncle Tom's Cabin". Another well-known author who published anti-Tom novels is John Pendleton Kennedy. Mary Henderson Eastman's "Aunt Phillis's Cabin" was one

pos: Uncle Tom a Jesus-like figure who is ultimately martyred, beaten to death by a cruel master because he refuses to betray the whereabouts of two women who had escaped from slavery. Stowe reversed the gender conventions of slave narratives by juxtaposing Uncle Tom's passivity against the daring of three African American women who escape from slavery. The novel was both influential and commercially successful, published as a serial from 1851 to 1852 and as a book from 1852 onward. An estimated 500,000 copies had sold worldwide by 1853, including unauthorized reprints. Senator Charles Sumner credited "Uncle Tom's Cabin" for the election of

pos: Uncle Robin, in His Cabin in Virginia, and Tom Without One in Boston the North and the South. Such novels contributed to the national discussions about slavery and were part of the rising sectional tensions. Much like other novels of the genre, "Uncle Robin" serves as an antithesis to "Uncle Tom's Cabin". It portrays planters as benign and helpful to their slaves, with the villains portrayed as the abolitionists who stir up trouble. The novel features two black slaves from Virginia - Uncle Robin (the loyal slave), and Uncle Tom (the disloyal slave, and a reference to the main character of "Uncle Tom's Cabin"). Whereas Tom is convinced to run away from his

pos: Uncle Tom Uncle Tom Uncle Tom is the title character of Harriet Beecher Stowe's 1852 novel, "Uncle Tom's Cabin". The term "Uncle Tom" is also used as a derogatory epithet for an exceedingly subservient person, particularly when that person is aware of their own lower-class status based on race. The use of the epithet is the result of later works derived from the original novel. At the time of the novel's initial publication in 1851, Uncle Tom was a rejection of the existing stereotypes of minstrel shows; Stowe's melodramatic story humanized the suffering of slavery for white audiences by portraying Tom as

pos: Uncle Tom's Cabin race relations and a significant moral and political exploration of the character of those relations". In response to "Uncle Tom's Cabin", writers in the Southern United States produced a number of books to rebut Stowe's novel. This so-called Anti-Tom literature generally took a pro-slavery viewpoint, arguing that the issues of slavery as depicted in Stowe's book were overblown and incorrect. The novels in this genre tended to feature a benign white patriarchal master and a pure wife, both of whom presided over childlike slaves in a benevolent extended family style plantation. The novels either implied or directly stated that African

pos: Uncle Tom's Cabin and Melville." This view remains the subject of dispute. Writing in 2001, legal scholar Richard Posner described "Uncle Tom's Cabin" as part of the mediocre list of canonical works that emerges when political criteria are imposed on literature. "Uncle Tom's Cabin" has exerted an influence equaled by few other novels in history. Upon publication, "Uncle Tom's Cabin" ignited a firestorm of protest from defenders of slavery (who created a number of books in response to the novel) while the book elicited praise from abolitionists. As a best-seller, the novel heavily influenced later protest literature. "Uncle Tom's Cabin" outraged people in

pos: The Ebony Idol The Ebony Idol The Ebony Idol is a plantation literature novel first published in 1860 and written by G.M. Flanders. "The Ebony Idol" is one of several pro-slavery novels written in the Southern United States in response to the 1852 abolitionist novel "Uncle Tom's Cabin" by Harriet Beecher Stowe. The majority of these works, such as "Aunt Phillis's Cabin" (1852) and "The Planter's Northern Bride" (1854) attacked Stowe for her allegedly inaccurate depiction of slavery, and in turn would make criticisms of abolitionists like Stowe in their works. The novel takes place in the fictional town of Minton in New

pos: The Black Gauntlet: A Tale of Plantation Life in South Carolina Cemetery. "The Black Gauntlet" is an example of the pro-slavery plantation literature genre that was written in response to the anti-slavery novel "Uncle Tom's Cabin" (1852) by Harriet Beecher Stowe. Critics accused Stowe of exaggerating (or inaccurately depicting) Southern society, slaveholders, slaves and the institution of slavery in the South. "The Black Gauntlet" is unusual as a late example, as the majority were written and published soon after "Uncle Tom's Cabin" in 1852. The competing novels were part of the public, rhetorical arguments between North and South in the years of rising political and social tensions before the American Civil

pos: Uncle Tom's Cabin Uncle Tom's Cabin Uncle Tom's Cabin; or, Life Among the Lowly, is an anti-slavery novel by American author Harriet Beecher Stowe. Published in 1852, the novel had a profound effect on attitudes toward African Americans and slavery in the U.S. and is said to have "helped lay the groundwork for the Civil War". Stowe, a Connecticut-born teacher at the Hartford Female Seminary and an active abolitionist, featured the character of Uncle Tom, a long-suffering black slave around whom the stories of other characters revolve. The sentimental novel depicts the reality of slavery while also asserting that Christian love can overcome

pos: Tom show "Tom shows" were so popular that there were even pro-slavery versions. Among the most popular was "Uncle Tom's Cabin as It Is: The Southern Uncle Tom", produced in 1852 at the Baltimore Museum. Lott mentions numerous "offshoots, parodies, thefts, and rebuttals" including a full-scale play by Christy's Minstrels and a parody by Conway himself called "Uncle Pat's Cabin", and records that the story in its many variants "dominated northern popular culture… for several years". According to Eric Lott, even those "Tom shows" which stayed relatively close to Stowe's novel played down the feminist aspects of the book and Stowe's criticisms

pos: The Lofty and the Lowly, or Good in All and None All Good the United States upon release, making it one of the most successful anti-Tom novels in the middle 19th century. "The Lofty and the Lowly" is one of several examples of the pro-slavery plantation literature genre that emerged from the Southern United States in response to the abolitionist novel "Uncle Tom's Cabin", which was criticised in the South for its portrayal of the evils of slaveholding. The majority of these "anti-Tom" novels often focused on the benevolence of plantation owners, and the evils of abolitionism and capitalism practised in the Northern United States. McIntosh's novel follows this latter route, although McIntosh

pos: Robert S. Duncanson who shared these advantages due to their light skin, including African-American painter Joshua Johnston. The North, particularly cities like Cincinnati with substantial black populations and strong abolitionist presences, was a more advantageous place for African-Americans to pursue fine arts professions. Robert Duncanson’s "Uncle Tom and Little Eva", painted in 1853, is housed at the Detroit Institute of Arts. This work demonstrates Duncanson's growth in his early years of landscape painting. The painting depicts a scene from Harriet Beecher Stowe's anti-slavery novel "Uncle Tom’s Cabin". The painting is a copy of an engraving from the novel's illustrations. While Stowe's novel has

pos: Tom show variety entertainment, "Tom shows" slowly disappeared. J.C. Furnas, in his book "Goodbye to Uncle Tom", stated that he had seen a production in the 1920s in Ohio; the last touring group specializing in "Tomming" he could locate was apparently operating as late as the 1950s. Tom show Tom show is a general term for any play or musical based (often only loosely) on the 1852 novel "Uncle Tom's Cabin" by Harriet Beecher Stowe. The novel attempts to depict the harsh reality of slavery. Due to the weak copyright laws at the time, a number of unauthorized plays based on the

pos: Dred: A Tale of the Great Dismal Swamp of Nina's Aunt Nesbit), and Tomtit, a joker-type character. There is also a family of poor whites, who have but a single, devoted slave, Old Tiff. Dred, the titular character, is one of the Great Dismal Swamp maroons, escaped slaves living in the Great Dismal Swamp, preaching angry and violent retribution for the evils of slavery and rescuing escapees from the dog of the slavecatchers. The response to Stowe's first work greatly impacted her second anti-slavery novel. "Uncle Tom's Cabin" drew criticism from abolitionists and African-American authors for the passive martyrdom of Uncle Tom and endorsement of colonization as the

pos: Uncle Tom however, Henson became synonymous with Uncle Tom. After Stowe's death her son and grandson claimed she and Henson had met before "Uncle Tom's Cabin" was written, but the chronology does not hold up to scrutiny and she probably drew material only from his published autobiography. In short terms, Uncle Tom is labeled to persons, similar to "snitch" or "betrayer", whose motive is driven by acceptance that doing slavery was just how the (antebellum) Southern society worked, whether the acceptance is spontaneous or coerced. The term "Uncle Tom" is used as a derogatory epithet for an excessively subservient person, particularly when

pos: Antifanaticism: A Tale of the South Antifanaticism: A Tale of the South Antifanaticism: A Tale of the South is an 1853 plantation fiction novel by Martha Haines Butt. "Antifanaticism" is one of several examples of the plantation literature genre that appeared in reaction to the anti-slavery novel "Uncle Tom's Cabin" by Harriet Beecher Stowe, which had been criticised as inaccurately depicting slaveholders and slavery in general. Authors from the Southern United States sought to rectify this through their own series of pro-slavery novels. Examples of these include: "Aunt Phillis's Cabin" (1852), "Uncle Robin, in His Cabin in Virginia, and Tom Without One in Boston" (1853) and

pos: Uncle Tom's Cabin the time but now largely forgotten, offers a defense of slavery as seen through the eyes of a northern woman—the daughter of an abolitionist, no less—who marries a southern slave owner. In the decade between the publication of "Uncle Tom's Cabin" and the start of the American Civil War, between twenty and thirty anti-Tom books were published. Among these novels are two books titled "Uncle Tom's Cabin As It Is" (one by W. L. Smith and the other by C. H. Wiley) and a book by John Pendleton Kennedy. More than half of these anti-Tom books were written by white

pos: Abolitionism in the United States white actor G. C. Germon put on blackface to represent an African-American male. The play left the white audience pitying the character, Tom, rather than seeing him as an equal. Earlier during this play, an actor breaks into a song with lyrics stereotyping mischievous, black children. This play encapsulates the controversy between anti-slavery activists and those pro slavery in the United States. The most influential abolitionist tract was "Uncle Tom's Cabin" (1852), the best-selling novel and play by Harriet Beecher Stowe. Outraged by the Fugitive Slave Law of 1850 (which made the escape narrative part of everyday news), Stowe emphasized

pos: Gone with the Wind (novel) because it is thought to contain some degree of pornography. Slavery in "Gone with the Wind" is a backdrop to a story that is essentially about other things. Southern plantation fiction (also known as Anti-Tom literature, in reference to reactions to Harriet Beecher Stowe's anti-slavery novel, "Uncle Tom's Cabin" of 1852) from the mid-19th century, culminating in "Gone With the Wind", is written from the perspective and values of the slaveholder and tends to present slaves as docile and happy. The characters in the novel are organized into two basic groups along class lines: the white planter class, such as

pos: Uncle Tom's Cabin Boston alone were given that name. Despite this positive reaction from readers, for decades literary critics dismissed the style found in "Uncle Tom's Cabin" and other sentimental novels because these books were written by women and so prominently featured "women's sloppy emotions." One literary critic said that had the novel not been about slavery, "it would be just another sentimental novel," while another described the book as "primarily a derivative piece of hack work." In "The Literary History of the United States", George F. Whicher called "Uncle Tom's Cabin" "Sunday-school fiction", full of "broadly conceived melodrama, humor, and pathos." However,

pos: The North and the South; or, Slavery and Its Contrasts The North and the South; or, Slavery and Its Contrasts The North and the South; or, Slavery and Its Contrasts is an 1852 plantation fiction novel by Caroline Rush, and among the first examples of the genre, alongside others such as "Aunt Phillis's Cabin" by Mary Henderson Eastman and "Life at the South; or, "Uncle Tom's Cabin" As It Is" by W.L.G. Smith, both of which were also released in 1852. "The North and the South" was one of several examples of the pro-slavery plantation literature genre that emerged from the Southern United States in response to "Uncle Tom's Cabin"

pos: Anti-British sentiment people in the United States during the Napoleonic Wars, brought about by the American Revolutionary War. The anti-Tom novel "Tit for Tat" (written anonymously in 1856 by "A Lady of New Orleans") encouraged anti-British sentiment in reaction to Britain's positive reception of the anti-slavery novel "Uncle Tom's Cabin" by Harriet Beecher Stowe. During the World War II alliance , anti-British sentiment took different forms. In May 1942, when conditions were highly problematic for British prospects, American journalist Edward R. Murrow privately gave a British friend an analysis of the sources of persistent anti-British sentiment in the United States. He attributed

pos: Harriet Beecher Stowe Tom's Cabin". Harriet Beecher Stowe Harriet Elisabeth Beecher Stowe (; June 14, 1811 – July 1, 1896) was an American abolitionist and author. She came from the Beecher family, a famous religious family, and is best known for her novel "Uncle Tom's Cabin" (1852), which depicts the harsh conditions for enslaved African Americans. The book reached millions as a novel and play, and became influential in the United States and Great Britain, energizing anti-slavery forces in the American North, while provoking widespread anger in the South. Stowe wrote 30 books, including novels, three travel memoirs, and collections of articles and

pos: Uncle Tom's Cabin veracity of the novel's depiction of slavery. In the book, Stowe discusses each of the major characters in "Uncle Tom's Cabin" and cites "real life equivalents" to them while also mounting a more "aggressive attack on slavery in the South than the novel itself had." Like the novel, "A Key to Uncle Tom's Cabin" was a best-seller. However, while Stowe claimed "A Key to Uncle Tom's Cabin" documented her previously consulted sources, she actually read many of the cited works only after the publication of her novel. A major part of the "Key" was Stowe's critique of how the legal

pos: Mr. Frank, the Underground Mail-Agent same edition was released with a second title-page giving the full title of "Mr. Frank, the Underground Mail-Agent". The publishers Lippincott, Grambo & Co. had been responsible for the release of the critically successful "Aunt Phillis's Cabin" in 1852, and also released "" - another anti-Tom novel - in the same year as "Mr. Frank". Mr. Frank, the Underground Mail-Agent Mr. Frank, the Underground Mail-Agent is an 1853 parody novel written by an unknown author credited as "Vidi". "Mr. Frank" is an example of the pro-slavery plantation literature genre that emerged from the Southern United States in response to the

pos: Beecher family into children's education. American minister who was called "The Unlucky" because misfortune attended all his ventures. American abolitionist and author, best known for her novel "Uncle Tom's Cabin" (1852), which depicts the harsh conditions for enslaved African Americans. The book reached millions as a novel and play, and became influential in the United States and Great Britain, energizing anti-slavery forces in the American North, while provoking widespread anger in the South. Stowe wrote 30 books, including novels, three travel memoirs, and collections of articles and letters. She was influential for both her writings and her public stances on social issues

pos: A Key to Uncle Tom's Cabin One English review of the 1853 publication called it a “marvelous book, more so if possible than "Uncle Tom’s Cabin" itself.” This same review also commends Stowe’s self-control and character. This impression of Stowe and the reception of the book is much different than the reaction to the "Key" in the South. The pro-slavery response to the "Key" paralleled the response to "Uncle Tom’s Cabin". Despite Stowe using documented examples to make the "Key" a verification of the truth of Stowe’s depiction of slavery in "Uncle Tom’s Cabin", most Southern reviews still claimed that Stowe was misrepresenting slavery and exaggerating

pos: Uncle Tom's Cabin For instance, she had never been to a Southern plantation. However, Stowe always said she based the characters of her book on stories she was told by runaway slaves in Cincinnati. It is reported that "She observed firsthand several incidents which galvanized her to write [the] famous anti-slavery novel. Scenes she observed on the Ohio River, including seeing a husband and wife being sold apart, as well as newspaper and magazine accounts and interviews, contributed material to the emerging plot." In response to these criticisms, in 1853 Stowe published "A Key to Uncle Tom's Cabin", an attempt to document the

pos: Combination company may have contributed to the success of touring companies (Londré). Many early touring companies found success by exclusively performing renditions of the immensely popular Uncle Tom's Cabin, an anti-slavery novel published in 1852 by Harriet Beecher Stowe. In 1927, 75 years after Uncle Tom's Cabin had been published, these renditions, known as Tom Shows (Londré), were still being performed exclusively by twelve combination companies worldwide (Somerset-Ward). Most of the combination companies in the United States rehearsed and began their tours in New York City, which contributed to the early success of what would eventually be known as Broadway theatre. The

pos: Uncle Tom's Cabin on religion and faith—the novel often takes the "form of a sermon." "Uncle Tom's Cabin" is written in the sentimental and melodramatic style common to 19th-century sentimental novels and domestic fiction (also called women's fiction). These genres were the most popular novels of Stowe's time and tended to feature female main characters and a writing style which evoked a reader's sympathy and emotion. Even though Stowe's novel differs from other sentimental novels by focusing on a large theme like slavery and by having a man as the main character, she still set out to elicit certain strong feelings from her

pos: Uncle Tom's Cabin Americans were a childlike people unable to live their lives without being directly overseen by white people. Among the most famous anti-Tom books are "The Sword and the Distaff" by William Gilmore Simms, "Aunt Phillis's Cabin" by Mary Henderson Eastman, and "The Planter's Northern Bride" by Caroline Lee Hentz, with the last author having been a close personal friend of Stowe's when the two lived in Cincinnati. Simms' book was published a few months after Stowe's novel, and it contains a number of sections and discussions disputing Stowe's book and her view of slavery. Hentz's 1854 novel, widely read at

pos: Aunt Phillis's Cabin "Aunt Phillis's Cabin" contains contrasts and comparisons to the anti-slavery novel, "Uncle Tom's Cabin" by Harriet Beecher Stowe, which was published earlier that year. It serves as an antithesis; Eastman's novel deliberately referred to the situation in Stowe's "Uncle Tom's Cabin", where plantation owners abuse their repressed, disloyal slaves. Eastman portrays white plantation owners who behave benignly toward their slaves. Eastman also uses quotes from various sources – including "Uncle Tom's Cabin" itself – to explain that slavery is a natural institution, and essential to life. Like other novels of the genre, it contains much dialogue between masters and slaves,

pos: A Key to Uncle Tom's Cabin A Key to Uncle Tom's Cabin A Key to Uncle Tom's Cabin is a book by American author Harriet Beecher Stowe. It was published to document the veracity of the depiction of slavery in Stowe's anti-slavery novel "Uncle Tom's Cabin" (1852). First published in 1853 by Jewett, Proctor & Worthington, the book also provides insights into Stowe's own views on slavery. After the publication of "Uncle Tom's Cabin", Southerners accused Stowe of misrepresenting slavery. In order to show that she had neither lied about slavery nor exaggerated the plight of enslaved people, she compiled "A Key to Uncle Tom's Cabin".

pos: Anti-Tom literature Lee Hentz. Simms' "The Sword and the Distaff" came out only a few months after Stowe's novel and contains a number of sections and discussions that clearly debate Stowe's book and view of slavery. The novel focuses on the Revolutionary War and its aftermath through the lives of Captain Porgy and one of his slaves. Simms' novel was popular enough that it was reprinted in 1854 under the title "Woodcraft". "The Planter's Northern Bride" by Caroline Lee Hentz was published two years after "Uncle Tom's Cabin". Hentz's novel offers a defense of slavery as seen through the eyes of a

pos: Abney Park Cemetery frequent visitor, as his father lived at the Fleetwood Summerhouse adjacent to Abney Park. Dr Thomas Binney, the "Archbishop of Non-conformity", has a portrait in the National Portrait Gallery that shows him at the Anti-Slavery Society Convention (with Josiah Conder); Binney is buried close to the Church Street entrance in Abney Park Cemetery. Christopher Newman Hall, who was influential on the side of slavery emancipation in the American Civil War, is buried here with his father. So is the Rev. James Sherman, who wrote the introduction to Harriet Beecher Stowe's hugely influential "Uncle Tom's Cabin". The novel was partly based

pos: American Slavery As It Is diet, clothing, housing, and working conditions. The authors also discussed and refuted several pro-slavery arguments. "American Slavery As It Is: Testimony of a Thousand Witnesses" was distributed by the American Anti-Slavery Society, and was very influential in the formative days of the abolitionist movement. Harriet Beecher Stowe used "American Slavery As It Is" as the direct inspiration for her novel, "Uncle Tom's Cabin", which also became very influential in the movement to end slavery. Stowe went so far as to reportedly sleep with the book "under her pillow at night." Within the first year of publication, the book had sold

neg: The Planter's Northern Bride The Planter's Northern Bride The Planter's Northern Bride is an 1854 novel written by Caroline Lee Hentz, in response to the publication of "Uncle Tom's Cabin" by Harriet Beecher Stowe in 1852. Unlike other examples of anti-Tom literature (aka "plantation literature"), "The Planter's Northern Bride" does not portray white plantation owners behaving benignly toward their loyal black slaves - as had been the case in earlier novels such as "Aunt Phillis's Cabin" (1852) - nor is the title a pun on "Uncle Tom's Cabin" (as was the case with "Uncle Robin, in His Cabin in Virginia, and Tom Without One

neg: The Planter's Northern Bride Charles Jacobs Peterson (1852). The Planter's Northern Bride The Planter's Northern Bride is an 1854 novel written by Caroline Lee Hentz, in response to the publication of "Uncle Tom's Cabin" by Harriet Beecher Stowe in 1852. Unlike other examples of anti-Tom literature (aka "plantation literature"), "The Planter's Northern Bride" does not portray white plantation owners behaving benignly toward their loyal black slaves - as had been the case in earlier novels such as "Aunt Phillis's Cabin" (1852) - nor is the title a pun on "Uncle Tom's Cabin" (as was the case with "Uncle Robin, in His Cabin in Virginia,

neg: Tit for Tat (novel) child labour. "Tit for Tat" was first published in its entirety by Garret & Co. in 1856, but unlike other anti-Tom novels such as "Aunt Phillis's Cabin" or "The Planter's Northern Bride", the novel has not been republished in the modern day. Tit for Tat (novel) Tit for Tat is an 1856 novel written anonymously by "A Lady of New Orleans". "Tit for Tat" is one of several examples of plantation literature that emerged in the Southern United States in response to the 1852 novel "Uncle Tom's Cabin" by Harriet Beecher Stowe, which had been criticised in the south for

neg: Ellen; or, The Fanatic's Daughter care of the University of Virginia - bears a stamp indicating that the novel was on sale in Boston. "Ellen" was among the last anti-Tom novels to be published, with the genre dying out by the end of 1860. Ellen; or, The Fanatic's Daughter Ellen; or, The Fanatic's Daughter' is an 1860 plantation fiction novel written by Mrs. V.G. Cowdin. "Ellen" is one of several examples of Anti-Tom literature, a literary subgenre that emerged in the Southern United States in response to the 1852 novel "Uncle Tom's Cabin" by Harriet Beecher Stowe, which had been criticised in the South as

neg: Uncle Tom's Cabin (1927 film) very light skin coloring because of mixed-race heritage. This film was released on DVD in 1999 by Kino. Unbilled Uncle Tom's Cabin (1927 film) Uncle Tom's Cabin (1927) is a silent film directed by Harry A. Pollard and released by Universal Pictures. The film is based on the novel "Uncle Tom's Cabin" written by Harriett Beecher Stowe and was the last silent film version. A copy is preserved at the Library of Congress. In this version of the film, all of the major slave roles, with the exception of Uncle Tom himself, were portrayed by white actors. Actress Mona Ray

neg: Uncle Tom's Cabin (1927 film) Uncle Tom's Cabin (1927 film) Uncle Tom's Cabin (1927) is a silent film directed by Harry A. Pollard and released by Universal Pictures. The film is based on the novel "Uncle Tom's Cabin" written by Harriett Beecher Stowe and was the last silent film version. A copy is preserved at the Library of Congress. In this version of the film, all of the major slave roles, with the exception of Uncle Tom himself, were portrayed by white actors. Actress Mona Ray played the slave Topsy in blackface, while the slaves Eliza, George, Cassie and Harry were all presented as having

neg: Aunt Phillis's Cabin Aunt Phillis's Cabin Aunt Phillis's Cabin; or, Southern Life As It Is by Mary Henderson Eastman is a plantation fiction novel, and is perhaps the most read anti-Tom novel in American literature. It was published by Lippincott, Grambo & Co. of Philadelphia in 1852 as a response to Harriet Beecher Stowe's "Uncle Tom's Cabin", published earlier that year. The novel sold 20,000–30,000 copies, making it a strong commercial success and bestseller. Based on her growing up in Warrenton, Virginia of an elite planter family, Eastman portrays plantation owners and slaves as mutually respectful, kind, and happy beings. Published in 1852,

neg: Frank Freeman's Barber Shop the American Colonization Society, who rescue Frank from his predicament, and pay for his passage back to Liberia, his homeland, where he can finally live in peace. Frank Freeman's Barber Shop Frank Freeman's Barber Shop is an 1852 plantation fiction novel written by Baynard Rush Hall. "Frank Freeman's Barber Shop" is an example of the numerous anti-Tom novels produced in the Southern United States in response to the publication of "Uncle Tom's Cabin" by Harriet Beecher Stowe, which was criticised as inaccurately depicting plantation life as well as the relationship between slaveholders and their slaves. Hall's novel is among the

neg: Frank Freeman's Barber Shop Frank Freeman's Barber Shop Frank Freeman's Barber Shop is an 1852 plantation fiction novel written by Baynard Rush Hall. "Frank Freeman's Barber Shop" is an example of the numerous anti-Tom novels produced in the Southern United States in response to the publication of "Uncle Tom's Cabin" by Harriet Beecher Stowe, which was criticised as inaccurately depicting plantation life as well as the relationship between slaveholders and their slaves. Hall's novel is among the earliest examples of the genre, and focusses on the criticisms of Abolitionism and how it may easily be exploited - a concept later visited in "The Planter's

neg: Uncle Tom's Cabin the white man", and the resulting derogatory term "Uncle Tom", resulted from staged "Tom Shows", which replaced Tom's grim death with an upbeat ending where Tom causes his oppressors to see the error of their ways, and they all reconcile happily. Stowe had no control over these shows and their alteration of her story. These negative associations have to some extent obscured the historical impact of "Uncle Tom's Cabin" as a "vital antislavery tool". James Baldwin, in a 1949 essay "Everybody's Protest Novel", called "Uncle Tom's Cabin" a "very bad novel" ... "ruined by its "self-righteous, virtuous sentimentality", and stated

neg: Uncle Tom's Cabin include the affectionate, dark-skinned "mammy"; the "pickaninny" stereotype of black children; and the "Uncle Tom", or dutiful, long-suffering servant faithful to his white master or mistress. In recent years, the negative associations with "Uncle Tom's Cabin" have, to an extent, overshadowed the historical impact of the book as a "vital antislavery tool." Stowe, a Connecticut-born teacher at the Hartford Female Seminary and an active abolitionist, wrote the novel as a response to the passage, in 1850, of the second Fugitive Slave Act. Much of the book was composed in Brunswick, Maine, where her husband, Calvin Ellis Stowe, taught at his

neg: Uncle Tom's Cabin because "Uncle Tom's Cabin" was the best-selling novel in the world during the 19th century. As a result, the book (along with illustrations from the book and associated stage productions) was accused of playing a major role in permanently ingraining such stereotypes into the American psyche. In the 1960s and 1970s, the Black Power and Black Arts Movements attacked the novel, claiming that the character of Uncle Tom engaged in "race betrayal", and that Tom made slaves out to be worse than slave owners. Among the stereotypes of blacks in "Uncle Tom's Cabin" are the "happy darky" (in the lazy,

neg: Uncle Robin, in His Cabin in Virginia, and Tom Without One in Boston bestselling "Aunt Phillis's Cabin; or, Southern Life As It Is" (1852). As another example, Chapter VII of "Uncle Robin" - entitled "Death in a Cabin" - strongly resembles a similar chapter in the 1852 anti-Tom novel: "Frank Freeman's Barber Shop" by Rev. Baynard Rush Hall. He features the death of a slave named Dinah, who is a redeemed Christian, as do Eastman and Page. J.W. Randolph Publishers issued additional anti-Tom novels before the Civil War, among them the satirical "White Acre vs. Black Acre" (1856) by William M. Burwell. Uncle Robin, in His Cabin in Virginia, and Tom Without One

neg: Uncle Tom's Cabin (1918 film) Uncle Tom's Cabin (1918 film) Uncle Tom's Cabin was a 1918 American silent drama film directed by J. Searle Dawley, produced by Famous Players-Lasky Corporation and distributed by Paramount Pictures under the Famous Players-Lasky name. The film is based on Harriet Beecher Stowe's 1852 novel "Uncle Tom's Cabin" and George Aiken's eponymous play. "Uncle Tom's Cabin" starred Marguerite Clark, who portrayed both Topsy and Little Eva. It is now considered to be a lost film. As described in a film magazine, Uncle Tom (Losee) is on his way to the slave market. Eva St. Clair (Clark) and her father are

neg: Life at the South; or, "Uncle Tom's Cabin" as It Is of most anti-Tom novels: a story of loyal slaves convinced to leave their benign masters by abolitionists who did not really care about their welfare. Like several of the genre, Smith also references "Uncle Tom's Cabin" throughout, both in title and in plot. Other anti-Tom novels followed similar strategies, such as "Uncle Robin, in His Cabin in Virginia, and Tom Without One in Boston" (1853). Smith's novel features a dedication to the southern American statesman Henry Clay from Kentucky, as an advocate of the American Colonization Society, which promoted resettlement of free blacks from the United States to Africa. Clay

neg: Aunt Phillis's Cabin copies within the first weeks of publication. "Aunt Phillis's Cabin" was released in 1852 – the same year that "Uncle Tom's Cabin" appeared in book form – by Lippincott, Grambo & Co. of Philadelphia (better known as J. B. Lippincott & Co.) As a major publishing house, the company released other anti-Tom novels, including "" by Martha Haines Butt (1853), and "Mr. Frank, the Underground Mail-Agent" by Vidi (1853). Aunt Phillis's Cabin Aunt Phillis's Cabin; or, Southern Life As It Is by Mary Henderson Eastman is a plantation fiction novel, and is perhaps the most read anti-Tom novel in American

neg: Invisible Man African Americans were written solely for social protest, most notably, Native Son and Uncle Tom's Cabin. By contrast, the narrator in Invisible Man says, "I am not complaining, nor am I protesting either," signaling the break from the normal protest novel that Ellison held about his work. Likewise, in the essay 'The World in a Jug,' which is a response to Irving Howe's essay 'Black Boys and Native Sons,' which "pit[s] Ellison and [James] Baldwin against [Richard] Wright and then," as Ellison would say, "gives Wright the better argument," Ellison makes a fuller statement about the position he held about

neg: Uncle Tom's Cabin Stowe's work became a best-seller, Henson republished his memoirs as "The Memoirs of Uncle Tom" and traveled on lecture tours extensively in the United States and Europe. Stowe's novel lent its name to Henson's home—Uncle Tom's Cabin Historic Site, near Dresden, Ontario, Canada—which since the 1940s has been a museum. The cabin where Henson lived while he was enslaved no longer exists, but a cabin on the Riley farm erroneously thought to be the Henson Cabin was purchased by the Montgomery County, Maryland, government in 2006. It is now a part of the National Park Service National Underground Railroad Network

neg: Uncle Tom syndrome Uncle Tom syndrome Uncle Tom syndrome is a concept in psychology. It refers to a coping skill where individuals use passivity and submissiveness when confronted with a threat, leading to subservient behaviour and appeasement, while concealing their true thoughts and feelings. The term "Uncle Tom" comes from the title character of Harriet Beecher Stowe's novel "Uncle Tom's Cabin", where the African American slave Tom is beaten to death by a cruel white master for refusing to betray the whereabouts of two other slaves. In the American racial context, "Uncle Tom" is a pejorative term for blacks that give up or

neg: Uncle Tom never meant Uncle Tom to be a derided name, but the term as a pejorative has developed based on how later versions of the character, stripped of his strength, were depicted on stage. Claire Parfait, author of "The Publishing History of Uncle Tom's Cabin, 1852–2002", opines that "the many alterations in retellings of the Uncle Tom story demonstrate an impulse to correct the retellers' perceptions of its flaws" and "the capacity of the novel to irritate and rankle, even a century and a half after its first publication". Uncle Tom Uncle Tom is the title character of Harriet Beecher Stowe's

neg: Dred: A Tale of the Great Dismal Swamp Dred: A Tale of the Great Dismal Swamp Dred: A Tale of the Great Dismal Swamp is the second popular novel from American author Harriet Beecher Stowe. It was first published in two volumes by Phillips, Sampson and Company in 1856. Although it enjoyed better initial sales than her previous, and more famous, novel "Uncle Tom's Cabin", it was ultimately less popular. "Dred" was of a more documentary nature than "Uncle Tom's Cabin" and thus lacked a character like Uncle Tom to evoke strong emotion from readers. "Dred" is the story of Nina Gordon, an impetuous young heiress to a

neg: Uncle Tom's Cabin women, with Simms commenting at one point about the "Seemingly poetic justice of having the Northern woman (Stowe) answered by a Southern woman." Even though "Uncle Tom's Cabin" was the best-selling novel of the 19th century, far more Americans of that time saw the story as a stage play or musical than read the book. Eric Lott, in his book "Uncle Tomitudes: Racial Melodrama and Modes of Production", estimates that at least three million people saw these plays, ten times the book's first-year sales. Given the lax copyright laws of the time, stage plays based on "Uncle Tom's Cabin"—"Tom shows"—began

neg: Uncle Tom them the scene of Uncle Tom's death, but after Baldwin's essay it ceased being respectable to accept the melodrama of the Uncle Tom story. Uncle Tom became what critic Linda Williams describes as "an epithet of servility" and the novel's reputation plummeted until feminist critics led by Jane Tompkins reassessed the tale's female characters. According to Debra J. Rosenthal, in an introduction to a collection of critical appraisals for the "Routledge Literary Sourcebook on Harriet Beecher Stowe's Uncle Tom's Cabin", overall reactions have been mixed with some critics praising the novel for affirming the humanity of the African American characters

neg: Uncle Tom's Cabaña Uncle Tom's Cabaña Uncle Tom's Cabaña is a 1947 American animated short film directed by Tex Avery. The short is a parody of "Uncle Tom's Cabin", and is Avery's second parody of the novel, the first being "Uncle Tom's Bungalow" in 1937 while at Warner Bros. Cartoons. Uncle Tom tells the blood curdling story of how the evil Simon Legree tried to foreclose on Tom's simple log cabin. Also features Red from "Red Hot Riding Hood" as Little Eva. "Uncle Tom's Cabaña", along with "Half-Pint Pygmy", were banned from television airings in the United States due to ethnic stereotyping of

neg: Uncle Tom's Cabin Ground"). The best-known Tom Shows were those of George Aiken and H.J. Conway. The version by Aiken is perhaps the best known stage adaptation, released just a few months after the novel was published. This six-act behemoth also set an important precedent by being the first show on Broadway to stand on its own, without the performance of other entertainments or any afterpiece. Most of Aiken's dialogue was taken verbatim from Stowe's novel, and his adaptation included four full musical numbers written by the producer, George C. Howard. Another legacy of Aiken's version is its reliance upon very different locations

neg: The Clansman: A Historical Romance of the Ku Klux Klan going as far as to rape a white woman, is the opposite of the benevolent Uncle Tom, who is portrayed as angelic. The books are also similar for the reactions they stirred up among their readers. "Uncle Tom's Cabin" was detested and banned throughout the South, while "The Clansman" was ranted against in Northern papers. Also like "Uncle Tom's Cabin", "The Clansman" reached its greatest audience not through its book form, which sold over 100,000 copies, but through the film that had an audience of millions. Thomas Dixon's novel did not have the immediate effect of causing the recreation of

neg: Kes (Star Trek) race and age as uncomfortably similar to Uncle Tom's friendship with Little Eva in the 1852 novel "Uncle Tom's Cabin". Critics had a mixed response to Kes' storyline for "Elogium". Green and "Bustle"'s Marie Southard Ospina praised the episode's depiction of a woman choosing to not have a baby without receiving judgement. On the other hand, Writer David A. McIntee criticized the elogium as a poorly-done metaphor for puberty, PMS, teenage pregnancy, abortion, and menopause. Commentators questions the plausibility of an Ocampa woman only giving birth once as it would cause an inevitable decrease in the specie's population. Kes' return

neg: Uncle Robin, in His Cabin in Virginia, and Tom Without One in Boston plantation by a group of abolitionists, Robin remains loyal to his master, and remains on the plantation. As the novel progresses, Uncle Robin is shown to have become a well-fed and prosperous slave by remaining loyal and obedient; he is looked after well by his master. Uncle Tom, abused by the abolitionists he fled with, has since died, together with several other slaves who escaped to the North and found more oppression under the abolitionists than on the plantation. The scene of death of a Christianized slave was frequently used in anti-Tom novels, a cliche found in Mary Henderson Eastman's

neg: Uncle Tom's Bungalow Uncle Tom's Bungalow Uncle Tom's Bungalow is an American "Merrie Melodies" animated cartoon directed by Tex Avery, and released to theatres on June 5, 1937 by Warner Bros. The short cartoon is a parody of the 1852 novel "Uncle Tom's Cabin" and of the "plantation melodrama" genre of the 1930s. It contains many stereotypical portrayals of black characters. The cartoon plays off Harriet Beecher Stowe's novel in that it portrays Uncle Tom as an old man, and wooden shacks and cotton fields pervade the scenery. Director Tex Avery adds his own sense of humor and "trickster" animation, giving the classic

neg: The Lofty and the Lowly, or Good in All and None All Good The Lofty and the Lowly, or Good in All and None All Good The Lofty and the Lowly, or Good in All and None All Good is a novel by Maria Jane McIntosh published by D. Appleton & Company in 1853. It was one of many anti-Tom novels published in response to Harriet Beecher Stowe's "Uncle Tom's Cabin". The story is set is Georgia and tells of a plantation owner's efforts to avoid bankruptcy with the help of his loyal slave Daddy Cato. Their efforts are challenged by a northern usurer and devious northern capitalists. The book sold well across

neg: The Cabin and Parlor; or, Slaves and Masters have romantic feelings for Walworth, and they eventually marry. The marriage, by a twist of fate, allows Isabel to reclaim her wealth and property - including her slaves - and is finally reinstated at Courtenay Hall. Peterson's novel was among the earliest examples of the plantation literature genre, having first appeared six months after "Uncle Tom's Cabin" appeared in book form. The publishers of Peterson's novel - T.B. Peterson Ltd. (Theophilus B. Peterson was Charles' brother) - would later go on to publish other anti-Tom novels, most notably the 1854 novel "The Planter's Northern Bride" by Caroline Lee Hentz. The

neg: "Uncle Tom's Cabin" Contrasted with Buckingham Hall, the Planter's Home is largely ignored for most of the novel, save only for a brief discussion of "Uncle Tom's Cabin" in Chapter 12. The novel follows Eugene Buckingham, the only son of a South Carolina planter, as he crosses paths with Julia Tennyson, a Scottish American journalist who has written a number of pamphlets under various pseudonyms. What begins as mutual friendship eventually evolves into love, despite the anxieties of the opposing fathers. Col. Buckingham - Eugene's father and a (fictional) descendant of the Duke of Buckingham - contests the partnership on the grounds that Julia has written pamphlets degrading all planters

neg: Uncle Tom's Cabin this ironically was an anti-Tom novel. Simon Legree is a cruel slave owner—a Northerner by birth—whose name has become synonymous with greed. He is arguably the novel's main antagonist. His goal is to demoralize Tom and break him of his religious faith; he eventually orders Tom whipped to death out of frustration for his slave's unbreakable belief in God. The novel reveals that, as a young man, he had abandoned his sickly mother for a life at sea and ignored her letter to see her one last time at her deathbed. He sexually exploits Cassy, who despises him, and later

neg: Stereotypes of African Americans of freedom. It is a mercy to give him the guardianship and protection from mental death." The Uncle Tom stereotype presents black men who are not so much unintelligent, simple-minded, and subdued, but more so primarily interested in the welfare and advancement of white people, or persons over the interests of other black people. The term is sometimes interchanged with "sellout" or the more derisive "house Negro". The term derives from the novel "Uncle Tom's Cabin." In modern slang, the female version of an Uncle Tom is called an Aunt Jemima. Many of these negative stereotypes spill over in news

neg: Uncle Tom's Cabaña African-Americans. Despite the controversy, this short and "Half-Pint Pygmy" were released on "The Compleat Tex Avery" laserdisc in the 1990s. The short was included on the 1993 laserdisc compilation "The Compleat Tex Avery". Uncle Tom's Cabaña Uncle Tom's Cabaña is a 1947 American animated short film directed by Tex Avery. The short is a parody of "Uncle Tom's Cabin", and is Avery's second parody of the novel, the first being "Uncle Tom's Bungalow" in 1937 while at Warner Bros. Cartoons. Uncle Tom tells the blood curdling story of how the evil Simon Legree tried to foreclose on Tom's simple log

neg: Tom show any drama." The best-known "Tom Shows" were those of George Aiken and H.J. Conway. Aiken's original "Uncle Tom's Cabin" focused almost entirely on Little Eva (played by child star Cordelia Howard); a sequel, "The Death of Uncle Tom, or the Religion of the Lonely" told Tom's own story. The two were ultimately combined in an unprecedented evening-long six-act play. According to Lott, it is generally faithful to Stowe's novel, although it plays down the trickster characters of Sam and Andy and variously adds or expands the roles of some farcical white characters instead. It also focuses heavily on George Harris;

neg: Caroline Lee Hentz Southern response to Harriet Beecher Stowe's "Uncle Tom's Cabin"." "Her five-act tragedy, "De Lara; or, The Moorish Bride", Philadelphia, also won a competition sponsored by the Arch Street Theatre in Philadelphia." This "prize [was] offered by Boston actor and manager William Pelby", but he was unable to pay it. The Boston Library named her as one of the top 3 writers of the day." "The Mob Cap" appeared in the Saturday "Courier" winning critical praise and a $200 prize." While at Covington, Kentucky, Hentz, who had written a poem, a novel, and a tragedy before she was 12 years old,

neg: Native Son stories "Uncle Tom's Children" (1938), suggest the inspiration Stowe's work provided Wright in his own books. Both "Uncle Tom's Cabin" and "Uncle Tom's Children" exploit the term "Uncle Tom", attacking an African American who seems to act in a subservient manner toward white people. However, while these two titles are similar and contain similar themes, Wright's "Native Son" can also be considered reactionary against "Uncle Tom's Cabin". Bigger Thomas is the antithesis of Uncle Tom. Bigger is fearful of and angry toward white society. He also lacks the religious background and Christian faith that Uncle Tom possessed. This contrast between

neg: Uncle Tom's Cabin short article which was published in the oficial newspaper of the Salvadoran government in July 22, 1853 praised Harriet Beecher Stowe and her book's success. As the first widely read political novel in the United States, "Uncle Tom's Cabin" greatly influenced development of not only American literature but also protest literature in general. Later books which owe a large debt to "Uncle Tom's Cabin" include "The Jungle" by Upton Sinclair and "Silent Spring" by Rachel Carson. Despite this undisputed significance, "Uncle Tom's Cabin" has been called "a blend of children's fable and propaganda." The novel has also been dismissed by

neg: Uncle Tom's Cabin Mighty Mouse cartoons produced by Paul Terry; "Uncle Tom's Cabana" (1947), a six-minute cartoon directed by Tex Avery, and the Bugs Bunny cartoon "Southern Fried Rabbit" (1953), wherein Bugs disguises himself as Uncle Tom and sings "My Old Kentucky Home" in order to cross the Mason-Dixon line. "Uncle Tom's Cabin" has influenced numerous movies, including "The Birth of a Nation". This controversial 1915 film set the dramatic climax in a slave cabin similar to that of Uncle Tom, where several white Southerners unite with their former enemy (Yankee soldiers) to defend, according to the film's caption, their "Aryan birthright." According

neg: Life at the South; or, "Uncle Tom's Cabin" as It Is had died earlier in 1852, the year the novel was published. Smith's novel begins on a plantation in Virginia, owned by the benevolent and kindly Mr. Erskine. Among his slaves is Uncle Tom (Smith's version of Stowe's character), who is convinced to run away by an abolitionist schoolteacher from the North. The teacher is portrayed as envious of the prosperity of Erskine and seeks to ruin him by convincing his slaves to desert the plantation. As Tom's journey continues, the man realizes that the abolitionists who are "helping" him wish to enslave him for their own ends. After being abused

neg: Film adaptations of Uncle Tom's Cabin "Uncle Tom's Cabin" was the most-filmed story of the silent film era with at least nine known adaptations between 1903 – 1927. This popularity was due to the continuing popularity of both the book and "Tom shows", meaning audiences were already familiar with the characters and the plot, making it easier for the film to be understood without spoken words. A number of movies have utilized characters, plots, and themes from "Uncle Tom's Cabin", including "An Uncle Tom's Cabin Troupe" (1913); the Duncan Sisters' "Topsy and Eva" (1927); "Uncle Tom's Uncle," a 1926 Our Gang episode which has the kids

neg: Film adaptations of Uncle Tom's Cabin previous versions. Fewer characters were portrayed in blackface (Topsy is an outstanding exception) and less of an emphasis was put on exotic slave customs. Still, the majority of the screen time is dedicated to the white actors. African American actor James B. Lowe played the character Uncle Tom, but was on screen for less than 9 minutes and speaks less than a dozen lines. Film adaptations of Uncle Tom's Cabin A number of film adaptations of "Uncle Tom's Cabin" have been made over the years. Most of these movies were created during the silent film era (with "Uncle Tom's Cabin"

neg: Black Beauty of the novel is still very much recognised today. Writing in the "Encyclopedia of Animal Rights and Animal Welfare", Bernard Unti calls "Black Beauty" "the most influential anticruelty novel of all time". Comparisons have also been made between "Black Beauty" and the most important social protest novel in the United States, "Uncle Tom's Cabin", by Harriet Beecher Stowe, on account of the strong degree of outrage and protest action that both novels triggered in society. The book has been adapted into film and television several times, including: "Black Beauty" was adapted for the stage in 2011 by playwright James Stone.

neg: Uncle Tom's Cabin (1910 film) Uncle Tom's Cabin (1910 film) Uncle Tom's Cabin is a 1910 American silent short drama produced by the Thanhouser Company. The film was adapted by from the 1852 novel "Uncle Tom's Cabin" by Harriet Beecher Stowe. The plot of the Thanhouser production streamlined the actual story to portray the film over the course of a single reel. The film was released on July 26, 1910, on the same day that Vitagraph released the first reel of their own three reel version of "Uncle Tom's Cabin". This prompted the Thanhouser Company to advertise against the Vitagraph film by referring to the

neg: The Little Old Log Cabin in the Lane Caboose Behind The Train"; and even hymns, "The Lily of the Valley". Fiddlin' John Carson's recording of "The Little Old Log Cabin In The Lane" was one of the first commercial recordings by a rural white musician. Its popularity ensured that the industry would continue recording rural folk songs. The only known recording of banjo player Uncle John Scruggs was a newsreel film performance of this song. The Little Old Log Cabin in the Lane "The Little Old Log Cabin In The Lane" is a popular song written by Will S. Hays in 1871 for the minstrel trade. Written in

neg: Uncle Tom's Cabin (1910 film) I have seen Uncle Tom's Cabin played several times." "The Leavenworth Times" of Leavenworth, Kansas had an article reviewing the production and offered much praise for adaptation. Uncle Tom's Cabin (1910 film) Uncle Tom's Cabin is a 1910 American silent short drama produced by the Thanhouser Company. The film was adapted by from the 1852 novel "Uncle Tom's Cabin" by Harriet Beecher Stowe. The plot of the Thanhouser production streamlined the actual story to portray the film over the course of a single reel. The film was released on July 26, 1910, on the same day that Vitagraph released the

neg: Dixie Days (film) of the early sound cartoon series entitled "Aesop's Sound Fables." However, although the film is part of the series, it is not based on an Aesop fable. The film begins on a slave ship which comically expands and shrinks like an accordion. On the boat, a set of four animals (one with a guitar) sings a song. Once they arrive, Uncle Tom starts to play a recorder outside his cabin. This makes "Popsy" (as her uncle calls her) descend onto the cabin. Upon arrival, Uncle Tom asks where her friend, Little Eva, is. Just then, she descends onto the cabin.