query: what does the colours on the german flag represent

pos: Flag of Germany emperor in 1871, and was used until 1918 with the end of the First World War. Black, white, and red were reintroduced as the German national colours with the establishment of Nazi Germany under Adolf Hitler in 1933, replacing German republican colours with imperial colours until the end of World War II. The colours of the modern flag are associated with the republican democracy first proposed in 1848, formed after World War I, and represent German unity and freedom. During the Weimar Republic, the black-red-gold colours were the colours of the democratic, centrist, and republican political parties, as seen in

neg: National colours of Germany back to the tricolour adopted by the "Urburschenschaft" of Jena in 1815, representing an early phase in the development of German nationalism and the idea of a unified German state. Since the 1860s, there has been a competing tradition of national colours as black, white, and red, based on the Hanseatic flags, used as the flag of the North German Confederation and the German Empire. The Weimar Republic in 1919 opted to re-introduce the black, red, and gold tricolour. This was controversial, and as a compromise, the old flag was reintroduced in 1922 to represent German diplomatic missions abroad. As

neg: Flag of Germany Flag of Germany The flag of Germany or German flag () is a tricolour consisting of three equal horizontal bands displaying the national colours of Germany: black, red, and gold (). The flag was first adopted as the national flag of modern Germany in 1919, during the short-lived Weimar Republic, until 1933. Germany has two competing traditions of national colours, black-red-gold and black-white-red, which have played an important role in the modern history of Germany. The black-red-gold tricolour's first appearance anywhere in a German-ethnicity sovereign state within what today comprises Germany occurred in 1778, and achieved prominence during the 1848

neg: Flag of Germany symbol of humiliation following Germany's defeat in the First World War. In the , the old colours continued to be used in various forms. Many conservatives wanted the old colours to return, while monarchists and the far right were far more vocal with their objections, referring to the new flag with various derogatory names ("see Color above"). As a compromise, the old black-white-red flag was reintroduced in 1922 to represent German diplomatic missions abroad. The symbols of Imperial Germany became symbols of monarchist and nationalist protest and were often used by monarchist and nationalist organisations (e.g. Stahlhelm, Bund der Frontsoldaten).

neg: National colours of Germany National colours of Germany The national colours of the Federal Republic of Germany are officially black, red, and gold, defined with the adoption of the West German flag as a tricolour with these colours in 1949. As Germany was divided into West Germany and East Germany beginning in 1949 and continuing through 1990, both Germanies retained the black, red, and gold colors on each respective flag. After German reunification in 1990, West and East Germany adopted the West German flag as the flag of the reunited Germany, therefore maintaining black, red, and gold as Germany's colors. The colours ultimately hark

neg: Jain flag guides one to the sweet home of infinite bliss (Siddhashila). Jain flag The flag of Jainism has five colours: red, yellow, white, green and black. These five colours represent the "Pañca-Parameṣṭhi" (five supreme beings). It also represents the five main vows, which are small as well as great. These five colours represent the "Pañca-Parameṣṭhi" and the five vows, small as well as great: It is also believed that the complexion of all the 24 Tirthankaras was of one of these 5 colours. For instance, Chandraprabha and Pushpadanta were white, Munisuvrata and Neminatha were blue or dark colour, Padmaprabha and Vasupujya

neg: Jain flag Jain flag The flag of Jainism has five colours: red, yellow, white, green and black. These five colours represent the "Pañca-Parameṣṭhi" (five supreme beings). It also represents the five main vows, which are small as well as great. These five colours represent the "Pañca-Parameṣṭhi" and the five vows, small as well as great: It is also believed that the complexion of all the 24 Tirthankaras was of one of these 5 colours. For instance, Chandraprabha and Pushpadanta were white, Munisuvrata and Neminatha were blue or dark colour, Padmaprabha and Vasupujya were red, Mallinatha and Pārśva were green, while the remaining

neg: Flag white, green, and red are first known from the flag of the Arab Revolt in 1916. The colours were intended to represent certain Arab dynasties. Countries currently using flags with all four Pan-Arab colours include Jordan, Kuwait, Palestine and Sudan; several other Arab states use a subset. The tricolour flag of Russia, inspired by the flag of the Netherlands, was introduced in the late 17th century. Based on this flag, the first Pan-Slav congress defined the Pan-Slavic colours red, blue and white. Among former and current countries beside Russia using flags with these colours, are Yugoslavia and the successor states

neg: Bear flag (gay culture) (a version created by Paul Witzkoske) is a field of simple horizontal stripes with a paw print in the upper left corner — a layout familiar to anyone who has seen the Leather Pride flag. The colors represent the fur colors and nationalities of bears throughout the world and the flag was designed with inclusivity in mind. It is trademarked. Bear flag (gay culture) The International Bear Brotherhood Flag was designed to represent the bear subculture within the LGBT community. The colours of the flag are meant to include the colours of the furs of animal bears throughout the world,

neg: National colours of Germany teams of older organisations have added black-red-gold trim to their uniforms. National colours of Germany The national colours of the Federal Republic of Germany are officially black, red, and gold, defined with the adoption of the West German flag as a tricolour with these colours in 1949. As Germany was divided into West Germany and East Germany beginning in 1949 and continuing through 1990, both Germanies retained the black, red, and gold colors on each respective flag. After German reunification in 1990, West and East Germany adopted the West German flag as the flag of the reunited Germany, therefore maintaining

neg: Flag of Plymouth the shield appear to be traditional in the city, and the wider county of Devon, as they are used as part of several school uniforms in the city, the colours of Plymouth Argyle Football Club, and as the colours of the Flag of Devon. Flag of Plymouth The municipal flag of Plymouth consists of a white shield, containing a green diagonal cross separating four black towers, on a field of red. The four towers of the flag represent the four forts surrounding and defending the city dating back to the English Civil War era, and are visible on the city

neg: Flag of France monarchy. Lafayette denied that the flag contains any reference to the red-and-white livery of the Duc d'Orléans. Despite this, Orléanists adopted the tricolour as their own. Blue and red are associated with the Virgin Mary, the patroness of France, and were the colours of the oriflamme. The colours of the French flag may also represent the three main estates of the Ancien Régime (the clergy: white, the nobility: red and the bourgeoisie: blue). Blue, as the symbol of class, comes first and red, representing the nobility, comes last. Both extreme colours are situated on each side of white referring to

neg: Flag of Republika Srpska Flag of Republika Srpska The flag of Republika Srpska was adopted on 24 November 1992. The flag is a rectangular tricolour with three equal horizontal bands of red, blue and white. While the Constitutional Court of Bosnia and Herzegovina declared the coat of arms of Republika Srpska unconstitutional, claiming that it did not represent the non-Serb ethnicities living in the entity, the flag was deemed to be in line with the constitution. The court ruled that though the combination of the colours relates to the Serbian tricolor, the use of red, blue and white are considered to be pan-Slavic colours

neg: National colours of Germany and the North German states. After the war and the breakup of the German Confederation, the Prussian-led North German Confederation was established at the instance of Minister-President Otto von Bismarck to answer the German question. Another colour scheme was desired, as the black and gold colours were associated with Habsburg Austria. From 1867, the black, white, and red colours became the flag of the newly established federated state; the tricolour derived from the combination of the Prussian black and white with the white and red flag of the North German Hanseatic League. Since the 13th century, a black cross on

neg: National colours of Germany emperor Francis II abdicated from the throne in 1806, he adopted the colours as the flag of his Austrian Empire. The black-red-gold tricolour's first known appearance on a state flag, anywhere in a German-ethnicity sovereign state within what today comprises Germany, occurred in 1778. Following this documented "first-use" by the elder Reuss noble line of the modern tricolor combination, the connection of the black-red-gold tricolour with the Reichsbanner design appears to have been made as early as during the March Revolution. Ferdinand Freiligrath in his poem "Schwarz-Rot-Gold", published 1851 and dated 17 March 1848, has the lines "Das ist das

neg: National colours of Germany Hindenburg re-introduced black, white, and red as official decorations on the coming "Volkstrauertag" public holiday. Alongside the swastika flag of the Nazi Party, the imperial colours were restored as a provisional national symbol, subject to a final decision by the German government. The concurrent Nazi flag also used a combination of black, white, and red colours, but not in the same way as the old flag of the German Empire. Instead, the socialist red was the dominant colour. After Hindenburg's death on 2 August 1934, Hitler styled himself Führer and Reich Chancellor. By law of 15 September 1935 he declared

neg: Flag of Zimbabwe flag should be replaced with a new one. According to Patrick Chinamasa, Zimbabwean Minister of Justice and Legal Affairs, any company in Zimbabwe can manufacture the national flag, so long as it does not "imprint on it anything that should not be on the national flag", and the flag can be displayed anywhere deemed fit by the people. Some police officers in Zimbabwe have the national flag displayed on their uniforms' sleeve tops. The national flag of Zimbabwe is made up of five different colours: Green, gold, red, black and white. Officially, the colours of the flag of Zimbabwe carry

neg: Ukrainians and entertaining, and along with traditional Easter eggs ("pysanky"), it is a characteristic example of Ukrainian culture recognized and appreciated throughout the world. The national symbols of the Ukrainians are the Flag of Ukraine and the Coat of arms of Ukraine. The national flag of Ukraine is a blue and yellow bicolour rectangle. The colour fields are of same form and equal size. The colours of the flag represent a blue sky above yellow fields of wheat. The flag was designed for the convention of the Supreme Ruthenian Council, meeting in Lviv in October 1848. Its colours were based on

neg: Flag of the Federal Territories become important administrative and business centres. Flag of the Federal Territories The flag of the Federal Territories is an official flag for the federal territories of Malaysia. It was adopted on 23 May 2006. The flag of the Federal Territories is used to represent the federal territories as a whole. The original three territory flags are still in use when representing the individual federal territories. The flag has three colours: yellow to represent respect, sovereignty and honour, red for strength and blue for unity, sincerity and harmony. The three stars below the coat of arms of Malaysia stand for the

neg: Flag of the Federal Territories Flag of the Federal Territories The flag of the Federal Territories is an official flag for the federal territories of Malaysia. It was adopted on 23 May 2006. The flag of the Federal Territories is used to represent the federal territories as a whole. The original three territory flags are still in use when representing the individual federal territories. The flag has three colours: yellow to represent respect, sovereignty and honour, red for strength and blue for unity, sincerity and harmony. The three stars below the coat of arms of Malaysia stand for the three territories, supporting their mission to

neg: Flag of Groningen (province) published. Flag of Groningen (province) The flag of Groningen is an official symbol of the province. The flag was approved 17 February 1950, and is based upon the flag of the town of Groningen and the coat of arms of the region Ommelanden. The colours red, white and blue are derived from the coat of arms of the Ommelanden, and the white and green are shown in the Groningen town flag. The colours of the town are in the centre of the flag to represent the central location of Groningen town, which is the capital of the province. The ratio

neg: Flag of Groningen (province) Flag of Groningen (province) The flag of Groningen is an official symbol of the province. The flag was approved 17 February 1950, and is based upon the flag of the town of Groningen and the coat of arms of the region Ommelanden. The colours red, white and blue are derived from the coat of arms of the Ommelanden, and the white and green are shown in the Groningen town flag. The colours of the town are in the centre of the flag to represent the central location of Groningen town, which is the capital of the province. The ratio of

neg: Flag of India red colour signifying Hindus and the green standing for Muslims. Gandhi wanted the flag to be presented at the Congress session of 1921, but it was not delivered on time, and another flag was proposed at the session. Gandhi later wrote that the delay was fortuitous since it allowed him to realise that other religions were not represented; he then added white to the banner colours, to represent all the other religions. Finally, owing to the religious-political sensibilities, in 1929, Gandhi moved towards a more secular interpretation of the flag colours, stating that red stood for the sacrifices of the

neg: Transgender flags corner blog as follows: In 2014 a new transgender flag known as the "Trans Kaleidoscope" was created by members of the Toronto Trans Alliance (TTA). It was raised at the first Transgender Day of Remembrance ceremony at Toronto City Hall on 20 November 2014. It was selected by TTA member for this occasion, via a vote, over Monica Helms' Transgender Pride flag and Michelle Lindsay's Trans Flag. The Trans Kaleidoscope is described on the TTA web site as: "The graded colours represent the range of gender identities across the spectrum with individual colours representing: The yellow circle represents those who

neg: Bear flag (gay culture) Bear flag (gay culture) The International Bear Brotherhood Flag was designed to represent the bear subculture within the LGBT community. The colours of the flag are meant to include the colours of the furs of animal bears throughout the world, not necessarily referring to human skin and hair colour tones: Dark brown, orange/rust, golden yellow, tan, white, gray, and black. The flag was designed with inclusion in mind. The gay bear culture celebrates secondary sex characteristics such as growth of body hair and facial hair, which is typically considered a "bear" trait. Craig Byrnes created the Bear pride flag in

neg: Flag of Israel the infamous Nazi Nuremberg Laws of 1935, states that 1. "Jews are forbidden to display the Reich and national flag or the [German] national colours. 2. On the other hand, they are permitted to display the "Jewish colours". The exercise of this right is protected by the State." Paragraph 5.3 described the penalty for infringing "1": up to one year's imprisonment plus fine, or one of these. The "Jewish colours" referred to in this article were blue and white. Flag of Israel The flag of Israel ( '; ') was adopted on 28 October 1948, five months after the establishment

neg: San Junipero of bisexual lighting, in which neon and pink – the colours on the bisexual pride flag represent bisexual characters. Amelia Perrin of "Cosmopolitan" criticised that this and the episode's nightclub setting reinforce a stereotype of bisexuality as "a 'phase' or something experimental". The episode's plot raises many philosophical questions, including the nature of consciousness and experience and the consequences of digitally simulated existence, though these issues are not the focus of the episode. Reviewers have questioned what San Junipero would mean to believers in an afterlife, and what would happen to its inhabitants in case of technical malfunctions. At the

neg: Nottingham Academy tasks to staff within Greenwood Campus. Staff presented these tasks and presentations to pupils in their assigned tutorial group each morning. Each day's presentation was based around a different subject, which aimed to educate students on different aspects of the LGBT+ community. The presentations included 'Difference between Sex and Gender', 'What LGBT+ stands for', 'The Pride Movement', and 'The Science'. These tutorial tasks were backed by physical activities which included worksheets and social conversations with other pupils. These activities were themed and included 'How mescaline or feminine are you?', and 'What do the colours of the flag represent'. Nottingham Academy

neg: National colours of the Czech Republic colours ribbons on commemorative purposes. National colours of the Czech Republic The national colours of the Czech Republic () are one of the national symbols of the Czech Republic, which officially represent the Czech Republic. The colours forming tricolour are in the following order: white, red and blue. The national colours come from the flag of the Czech Republic. Traditional colours of the Czech lands were white and red. These colours were derived from the Bohemian coat of arms, but after Czechoslovakia has been established, the blue colour was added to symbolize colours of Slovakia and distinguish colours from the

neg: Australian state colours Australian state colours In Australia, state colours are frequently part of a state or territory's set of state symbols. Some states have formally adopted a set of colours as their official "state colours" while others have de facto state colours that have become well-known through popular use. State colours often appear on a variety of different media, from the state's flag to the colours used in sports. In particular the Sheffield Shield team caps popularised the usage of single colours to represent each state. The colours of state schools have been synonymous with states, whereby you find Queensland Public Schools

neg: Flag of Manchukuo Flag of Manchukuo The flag of the Empire of Manchuria had a mustard yellow field with four horizontal stripes of different colors in the upper-left corner. The colors of the flag were based on the colors on the Five Races Under One Union flags used by the Beiyang government and the Empire of China. The flag is also similar to the flag used by the Fengtian clique. The flag was first established in "" on March 1, 1932. According to the "" issued by state council of Manchukuo on February 24, 1933, the colours on the flag represent the four

neg: Culture of the United Kingdom The Union Flag is the national flag of the United Kingdom. Its red, white and blue colours are the combination of the red cross of Saint George for England, the saltire of Saint Andrew for Scotland, and the red saltire of Saint Patrick to represent Ireland. Wales has never been represented on the Union Jack, with the Welsh flag incorporating the Red Dragon of Cadwaladr, King of Gwynedd, along with the Tudor colours of green and white. The patron saint of Ireland (St Patrick), England (St George), Wales (St David), and Scotland (St Andrew), are celebrated annually; Saint David's Day

neg: Flag of Belgrade Flag of Belgrade The flag of Belgrade is composed of three Serbian national colours: red, blue and white. The blue symbolises hope and faith in better future. The red of the ground is a symbol of the suffering of Serbian people in a struggle for freedom. Two horizontal white lines represent the Sava and Danube rivers, which are symbols of the strength of Belgrade. They are white according to heraldry rules. "Beograd" is Serbian name for "white city," so there are white walls and towers. The walls represent a merchant city; the towers and open gate represent an open market.

neg: National colours of Germany green and yellow and dancing pleasure, or the flag of Mecklenburg-Strelitz...") made no objections. From the 1871 German unification until 1918, black, white, and red were widely accepted as the national colours of the German Empire, though they were not officially adopted as the imperial flag by law before 1892. Numerous German associations embraced the patriotic tricolour, and sports organisations that were founded prior to World War I often choose white with additional black and/or red as their colours. In the German Revolution of 1918–19, the "imperialist" black, white, and red were abandoned in favour of the "democratic" black, red,

neg: Cologne Cathedral Window light in which all the colours of the cathedral ring out" concluded Josef Sauerborn, artist pastor of the Cologne diocese, in his sermon at the festival service on the occasion of the unveiling in August 2007. "Dieses Fenster stellt nichts Religiöses dar" "This window does not represent anything religious", explained provost Cologne Cathedral Window The Cologne Cathedral Window (German: Kölner Dom) is the stained glass window in the south transept of the Cologne Cathedral designed by Cologne artist Gerhard Richter. On a surface of 106 square metres 11.263 glass squares in 72 colours of 9,6 cm × 9.6cm were randomly

neg: Flag of Sabah the hoist. This flag should not be confused with the flag of the Czech Republic and the flag of the Philippines. Flag of Sabah The current flag of the state of Sabah, in Malaysia, was adopted on 16 September 1988. It is red, white and three different shades of blue. The mountain is in the canton as in the 1963 flag, but now in dark blue on a light blue background. The field is medium blue over white over red. The mountain shown on the flag (and the state's coat of arms) is Mount Kinabalu. The five different colours represent

neg: Sami flag of tincture. The logo of the Sámi Parliament of Sweden features a circle in the four Sámi colours, while the Sámi Parliament of Finland features a circle and the three colours of the first Sámi flag. The Sámi Parliament of Norway's current logo does not incorporate elements of the flag. "Finnmárkuopmodat", the autonomous entity established by the Finnmark Act has a logo that according to the entity's website "gets it colours from the Sámi and the Norwegian flag, as a symbol that the Finnmark Estate feels related to and responsible for both Sámi, kvens and ethnic Norwegians. (...) The circular

neg: Flag of the Association of Southeast Asian Nations the flag is detailed in the ASEAN Charter. Blue represents peace and stability, red represents courage and dynamism, white represents purity, and yellow represents prosperity. The stalks symbolise ASEAN's ten members. The colours of the flag – blue, red, white, and yellow – represent the main colours of the national flags of all ten ASEAN member states. ASEAN's previous flag was similar to the current one - it had five paddy stalks representing the five founding members and the word ASEAN written under the stalks. The background was white instead of blue, the border of the circle along with the

neg: Flag of the Habsburg Monarchy II, the Austrian, later Austro-Hungarian Navy used a Naval Ensign ("Marineflagge") based on the red-white-red colours, and augmented with a shield of similar colours. Both of these flags became obsolete with Austria-Hungary's dissolution in 1918, and the newly formed rump state of German Austria adopted the red-white-red triband as its national flag. Today, the flag is similar to the flags of Munich, Germany and Namur, Belgium. Flag of the Habsburg Monarchy Since the days of Rudolph of Habsburg and the 1283 Treaty of Rheinfelden, the combination of red-white-red was widely considered to be the Austrian (later also Inner Austrian) colours

neg: History of Christian flags patron saint of Scotland, represented by the saltire of Saint Andrew." In addition, the Flag of Greece, as well as the Flag of Switzerland, contain a Christian cross to represent the faith. The "cross on the flag of Dominica represents Christianity while the three colours of which the cross consists stand for the Trinity" and the "coat of arms depicted on the Flag of Slovakia shows a double cross". The Flag of the Dominican Republic also depicts a Bible and a cross. The Flag of Georgia, Flag of Tonga, Flag of Moldova and Flag of Serbia all display a cross

neg: Flag of Brazil Brazilian states and the Federal District. The constellation of the Southern Cross is on the meridian (indicated by the number 6 in the diagram). To the south of it is Polaris Australis (Sigma Octantis, numbered 7), representing the Federal District. The motto appears on a band roughly coincident with the ecliptic. A single star lies above the band, representing the large northern state of Pará, which straddles the equator. The stars depicted on the flag and the states they represent are: The flag's colours are not accurately specified in any legal document. Approximate colours are listed below: The federal law

neg: Flag of Brisbane Flag of Brisbane The flag of Brisbane is based upon the arms of the Australian City of Brisbane. The two primary colours used are blue and gold, with blue representing the sea and the Brisbane River which flows through the city, and gold representing the sun and the city's warm climate. The white, wavy lines in three of the six quarters of the flag may represent the river, which brought much commerce and prosperity to the city in the early days of British settlement. An alternative explanation is that the wavy lines represent white clouds, parting to allow the blue

neg: 1998 Commonwealth Games prosperity and unity and lifestyle. The logo of the 1998 Commonwealth Games is an image of the national flower of Malaysia, the hibiscus (the "bunga raya"), the first games logo to introduce the colour yellow. (All previous logos had been red, white and blue to reflect the colours of the British Union Flag.) The red, blue, white and yellow colours represents the colours of the Malaysian national flag and Malaysia as a confident, young, dynamic nation. The yellow pollens represent the six regions of the world that includes the 68 Commonwealth member nations. The official mascot of the 1998 Commonwealth

neg: Flag of Kaliningrad Oblast Flag of Kaliningrad Oblast The flag of the exclave of Kaliningrad Oblast is a rectangle with a ratio of 2:3 divided into three horizontal stripes. The upper stripe is red having in the canton a silver-and-black stylized medieval castle with open gates and the monogram of Empress Elizabeth Petrovna (under which reign parts of the region were shortly under Russian control during the Seven Years' War), a thin (1/3 of the upper strip) yellow stripe in the middle and a dark blue stripe of the same size as the red bar. The law does not state what the colours stand

neg: Flag of Wiltshire including the alternating stripes of green and white that represent the grassy downs of the county and their chalk underlay. The colours can represent hope, joy and safety (green) and peace (white). Although distinct, the complicated and irregular design has been met with some criticism by flag designers and heraldists. An image of the great bustard ("Otis tarda") stands at the centre of the flag. This bird had been extinct in England since 1832, but is now part of an intensive ten-year breeding programme on Salisbury Plain. Salisbury Plain, at the heart of the county, is one of only two

neg: Vegetarian and vegan symbolism to symbolize the blood of slaughtered animals. However, the group eventually chose to make the flag about human–animal equality, not about animals themselves. Inspired by the LGBT rainbow flag, the flag was created in hopes of uniting animal rights organizations and activists. The colours white, green, and blue were chosen to represent the natural habitats of animals: sky, land, and sea. The letter V stands for Vegan, and is an inverted pyramid intended to symbolize the ability to do the impossible. Vegetarian and vegan symbolism Multiple symbols have been developed to represent vegetarianism and veganism. Several are used on food

neg: Flag of Manchukuo directions and center. The "Study of Manchukuo National Flag" published by state council of Manchukuo later also gave an representative based on Wu Xing. The colours also represent the five major peoples in Manchukuo: Flag of Manchukuo The flag of the Empire of Manchuria had a mustard yellow field with four horizontal stripes of different colors in the upper-left corner. The colors of the flag were based on the colors on the Five Races Under One Union flags used by the Beiyang government and the Empire of China. The flag is also similar to the flag used by the Fengtian

neg: Cavalry FC Foothills and Rocky Mountains, and a football to represent the past and future of Calgary as a sporting city. The club's colours are Army Green, Calgary Red and Black on Black. Army Green is used to represent the foothills and green lawns at Spruce Meadows, while Calgary Red represents a sporting identity known to the city. Green and Red are both prominent colours on the regimental flag of Lord Strathcona's Horse. Cavalry FC will play in a 5,000-seat stadium to be built at Spruce Meadows, at the existing 'Meadows on the Green' horse ring. The stadium will be modular to

neg: National colours of the Czech Republic National colours of the Czech Republic The national colours of the Czech Republic () are one of the national symbols of the Czech Republic, which officially represent the Czech Republic. The colours forming tricolour are in the following order: white, red and blue. The national colours come from the flag of the Czech Republic. Traditional colours of the Czech lands were white and red. These colours were derived from the Bohemian coat of arms, but after Czechoslovakia has been established, the blue colour was added to symbolize colours of Slovakia and distinguish colours from the Polish colours. During Nazi Germany

neg: National colours of Ukraine usually coloured yellow. The "Gold" (Or) is nearly always represented by a shade of Yellow, as there is no distinct colour "Yellow" in heraldry; they both count as "Gold". Blue and gold are also national colours of Sweden, Palau and Kazakhstan. The colours in the Ukrainian flag represent golden fields of grain under a clear blue sky, appropriate for a country known as the "bread basket" of its area. The Ukrainian flag was light blue over yellow prior to the establishment of the Soviet Republic. Used sparingly, blue signifies blue skies or air. It can be used to denote good

neg: Flag of Sabah Flag of Sabah The current flag of the state of Sabah, in Malaysia, was adopted on 16 September 1988. It is red, white and three different shades of blue. The mountain is in the canton as in the 1963 flag, but now in dark blue on a light blue background. The field is medium blue over white over red. The mountain shown on the flag (and the state's coat of arms) is Mount Kinabalu. The five different colours represent the five divisions in Sabah. On 31 August 1963, Sabah adopted a four-striped flag (red over white over yellow over blue)

neg: Flag of Derbyshire with the aid of listeners' suggestions was launched. The finished flag, designed by Martin Enright from Derby, was unveiled on 22 September 2006. Ceremonies to mark the first unfurling of the flag were held on the day at various locations around the county, including Derby, Ripley, Ashbourne and Buxton. The flag features a green cross on a blue background. These colours were chosen to represent Derbyshire's green countryside and its rivers and reservoirs, respectively. In the centre of the flag is a Tudor rose, which has been the county badge since the 1470s. The rose is gold in colour rather

neg: Reichskriegsflagge within United States borders. Reichskriegsflagge Reichskriegsfahne (, Imperial War Flag) was the official name of the war flag and war ensign used by the German armed forces from 1867 to 1945. A total of seven different designs were used during this period. The first German imperial war flag was introduced by imperial law on 12 November 1848. The Regent signed it that day, although the National Assembly had already voted for it on 31 July. The law described the commercial and war flag of the emerging new German federal state. The 'German colours' black, red and gold were so popular

neg: Reichskriegsflagge Reichskriegsflagge Reichskriegsfahne (, Imperial War Flag) was the official name of the war flag and war ensign used by the German armed forces from 1867 to 1945. A total of seven different designs were used during this period. The first German imperial war flag was introduced by imperial law on 12 November 1848. The Regent signed it that day, although the National Assembly had already voted for it on 31 July. The law described the commercial and war flag of the emerging new German federal state. The 'German colours' black, red and gold were so popular – from its beginnings

neg: Reichskriegsflagge as a Thuringian principality's state flag in 1778 – that it did not seem necessary to mention them in the constitution of 1849. The flag was used for the Imperial Fleet, also during the short battle near Heligoland, on 4 June 1849. This was the first and only maritime battle in which these colours were involved. The Federal Diet had already adopted the German colours on 9 March 1848, but the Diet and also the Central Power forgot to announce the new flag to the foreign powers. By May 1850, the flag was recognized by the US, the Netherlands, Belgium,

neg: Blood & Honour it in 2000, Spain in 2011, and Russia in 2012. Blood & Honour took its name from the motto of the Hitler Youth, "Blut und Ehre", and a song of the same name by the white power band Skrewdriver. Sometimes the code "28" is used to represent Blood & Honour, derived from the second and eighth letters of the Latin alphabet, B and H. Though different national chapters of Blood & Honour use different nationalist symbols based on their location, common symbolic traits include the usage of a modernised Blackletter script, colours of the Nazi German flag, and other Nazi

neg: Charleston church shooting legislature, saying that while the flag was "an integral part of our past, it does not represent the future" of South Carolina. Eulogizing the Rev. Clementa Pinckney on June 26, 2015, before 5,000 congregants at the College of Charleston, President Barack Obama acknowledged that the shooting had catalyzed a broad movement, backed by Republicans and Democrats, to remove the flag from official public display. "Blinded by hatred, [the gunman] failed to comprehend what Reverend Pinckney so well understood: the power of God's grace," Obama said. "By taking down that flag we express God's grace. But I don't think God wants

neg: Pan-African colours Pan-African colours The Pan-African colours are: green, gold (not yellow, despite its appearance), and red (inspired by the flag of Ethiopia). Red, black, and green are the colours of Black Nationalism, which should not be taken for a symbol of Pan-Africanism. It is often confused as such, given the political tendency’s support of Black self-determination. They are used in flags and other emblems of various countries and territories in Africa and the Americas to represent Pan-Africanist ideology. The Rastafarian movement and many Pan-African organisations also often employ the colours for their activities. Green, gold and red are now found on

neg: Flag of Christmas Island Flag of Christmas Island The flag of Christmas Island was unofficially adopted in 1986 after being chosen the winner in a competition for a flag for the territory. It was designed by Tony Couch of Sydney, Australia. The flag was made official on Australia Day, 2002 when the administrator of the territory, Bill Taylor, presented the flag to the Christmas Island Shire. The flag of Christmas Island consists of a green and blue background, split the top left corner to the bottom right. These colours are intended to represent the land and sea respectively. The Southern Cross constellation appears in

neg: Flag of Ottawa Flag of Ottawa The flag of Ottawa is highlighted by a stylized O design. This stylized O is meant to represent both a maple leaf (symbolizing Canada) and the Peace Tower and Centre Block of the parliament buildings (symbolizing Ottawa). It is meant to be simple, but look festive, and to create a feeling of vibrant motion when flying. The design uses the blue and green colours chosen to represent the new City of Ottawa. The blue is symbolic of rivers and waterways that are part of the Ottawa region, such as the Ottawa River. The large green areas speak

neg: Flag of Nunavut by a red inuksuk with a blue star in the upper fly. The colours blue and gold were selected to represent the "riches of land, sea, and sky", while red is used to represent Canada as a whole. The inuksuk, which divides the flag, is a traditional stone monument used to guide travellers and to mark sacred sites. In the upper fly, the blue star represents the North Star (Niqirtsituk), an important object due to its key role as a navigational beacon, and as symbolically representing the wisdom and leadership of community elders. The process of creating a flag for

neg: 2011 national road cycling championships national flag, such as the National colours of Australia on the jerseys of Australian national champions. 2011 national road cycling championships The 2011 national road cycling championships began in January in Australia and New Zealand. Most of the European national championships take place in June. The winner of each national championship wears the national jersey in all their races for the next year in the respective discipline, apart from the World Championships, or unless they are wearing a category leader's jersey in a stage race. Most national champion jerseys tend to represent a country's flag or use the colours from

neg: 2005 national road cycling championships national flag, such as the National colours of Australia on the jerseys of Australian national champions. 2005 national road cycling championships The 2005 national road cycling championships began in January in Australia and New Zealand. Most of the European national championships take place in June. The winner of each national championship wears the national jersey in all their races for the next year in the respective discipline, apart from the World Championships, or unless they are wearing a category leader's jersey in a stage race. Most national champion jerseys tend to represent a country's flag or use the colours from

neg: 2010 national road cycling championships national flag, such as the National colours of Australia on the jerseys of Australian national champions. 2010 national road cycling championships The 2010 national road cycling championships began in January in Australia and New Zealand. Most of the European national championships take place in June. The winner of each national championship wears the national jersey in all their races for the next year in the respective discipline, apart from the World Championships, or unless they are wearing a category leader's jersey in a stage race. Most national champion jerseys tend to represent a country's flag or use the colours from

neg: Corps colours of the German Army (1935–1945) Corps colours of the German Army (1935–1945) Corps colours, or Troop-function colours (ge: "Waffenfarbe(n)") were traditional worn in the German Wehrmacht from 1935 until 1945 as discrimination criteria between several branches, special services, corps, rank groups and appointments of the ministerial area, general staff, Oberkommando der Wehrmacht, up to the military branches Heer, Luftwaffe and Kriegsmarine. The corps colour was part of the piping, uniform gorget, shoulder strap, as well as part of the "arabesque" and lampasse of any general officer and flag officers. It was also part of heraldic flags, colours, standards and guidons. In the German Heer there

neg: Flag of Andalusia Flag of Andalusia The current flag of Andalusia was adopted in 1918. Blas Infante (1885–1936), the "Father of the Andalusian Fatherland" (), initiated an assembly at Ronda in 1918. This assembly adopted a charter based on the Antequera Constitution (a nationalist Andalusian charter that styled Andalusia as an autonomous republic inside a Spanish federal state; this constitution is known as "Constitución Federal de Antequera") and also adopted the current flag of Andalusia and emblem as "national symbols". Its name used to be "Arbonaida" or also "Arbondaira". The colours of Andalusian flag, green and white, represent hope and peace, as the

neg: National colours of Germany both for the tricolour national flag and the eagle coat of arms of the Weimar Republic. Considering the preceding debates however, the former black, white, and red colours were retained as the German civil ensign, with black, red, and gold in the upper left corner. Not until 1922, the "Reichskriegsflagge" banner was officially outlawed on ships of the German Navy. The official black, red, and gold colours were refused by wide circles in the Reichswehr armed forces and World War I veterans' associations. The issue of the national colours was, however, continuously debated in the German society. "Studentenverbindung" organisations emphasized

neg: Flag of Andalusia anthem says: Flag of Andalusia The current flag of Andalusia was adopted in 1918. Blas Infante (1885–1936), the "Father of the Andalusian Fatherland" (), initiated an assembly at Ronda in 1918. This assembly adopted a charter based on the Antequera Constitution (a nationalist Andalusian charter that styled Andalusia as an autonomous republic inside a Spanish federal state; this constitution is known as "Constitución Federal de Antequera") and also adopted the current flag of Andalusia and emblem as "national symbols". Its name used to be "Arbonaida" or also "Arbondaira". The colours of Andalusian flag, green and white, represent hope and peace,

neg: Flag of Hamilton, Ontario Flag of Hamilton, Ontario The official flag of Hamilton, Ontario, was designed by Bishop Ralph Spence and granted to the city on July 15, 2003. The flag was specially designed to complement the Canadian flag being a Triband with a Canadian pale at centre. The colours are yellow and royal blue. In the centre is a golden yellow Cinquefoil which, as the badge of Clan Hamilton, represents the city's name. The chain on the outside symbolizes both unity and the community's steel industry. The six links in the chain represent the city’s six communities: Hamilton, Ancaster, Dundas, Flamborough, Glanbrook, and

neg: Flag of Sussex would, according to the Sussex Association, be an inappropriate choice for a county flag of Sussex that is meant to be representative of the traditional county of Sussex, rather than a joint flag for the administrative counties of East Sussex and West Sussex. This flag portrays an amalgamation of County Council arms, which do not represent any county and only represent the councils. The county flag of Sussex does not need to feature the colour red on it to represent the east of the county; red only represents East Sussex County Council. There are many examples where blue is used

neg: Flag of the Northern Territory was decided that an original design would be created. The flag was designed by Robert Ingpen, a prominent artist originally from Drysdale, Victoria. Ingpen used a number of designs suggested by the public as a basis for his final design. The flag differs from the flags of the Australian states as it does not include the British Blue Ensign. The flag of the Australian Capital Territory adopted 15 years later is similar in design. The flag's colours consist of the official Territorian colours of black, white and ochre (making it the only flag among Australia's states and territories not to

neg: Flag of Saxony Flag of Saxony Both the civil and state flag of the German state of Saxony feature a bicolour of white over green, similar to the Austrian province of Styria although they are historically not related to each other. The state flag is similar to the civil flag, except it is defaced in the centre with the coat of arms of Saxony. The colours of both flags were officially decided as state colours in 1815. The aristocracy used mostly and in first time the quadrangular and later the rectangular The civil bicolour flag of white over green was used before World

neg: National colours of Germany black, white, and red again the national colours but made his own Nazi Party swastika the sole national flag and civil ensign of Germany. National conservative protests had become silent. In a speech, Reichstag president Hermann Göring called the black, white, and red flag of the German Empire "honorably pulled down". After World War II, Germany was occupied and divided. Both new states founded in 1949, the Federal Republic of Germany (West Germany) and the German Democratic Republic (East Germany), took up the "democratic" colours of black, red, and gold again, with the GDR adding their own socialist symbols to

neg: Flag of Plymouth Flag of Plymouth The municipal flag of Plymouth consists of a white shield, containing a green diagonal cross separating four black towers, on a field of red. The four towers of the flag represent the four forts surrounding and defending the city dating back to the English Civil War era, and are visible on the city council's coat of arms. The city's motto, "turris fortissima est nomen jehova" translates as the 'strongest tower is the name of Jehovah', and this refers to the city's successful resistance to the Royalist siege during that conflict. The green, black and white colours of

neg: Flag of Germany 1832, around 30,000 people demonstrated at the Hambach Festival for freedom, unity, and civil rights. The colours black, red, and gold had become a well established symbol for the liberal, democratic and republican movement within the German states since the Wartburg Festival, and flags in these colours were flown en masse at the Hambach Festival. While contemporary illustrations showed prominent use of a gold-red-black tricolour (an upside-down version of the modern German flag), surviving flags from the event were in black-red-gold. Such an example is the , the flag flown from Hambach Castle during the festival: a black-red-gold tricolour where

neg: Lockwood silver fern flag the vote, whilst the existing flag won with 56.6% of the vote. The design of the flag combines the silver fern flag (toward the hoist) with the stars of the current national flag. The silver fern frond is a popular symbol of the people of New Zealand, while the stellar constellation known as the southern cross represents the antipodean location of the country in the Southern Hemisphere. The multiple pinnates on the silver fern leaf represent New Zealand's multicultural society, a single fern spreading upwards representing one people growing into the future. Black, white and red are the national colours

neg: Flag of Republika Srpska Orthodox Church. Flag of Republika Srpska The flag of Republika Srpska was adopted on 24 November 1992. The flag is a rectangular tricolour with three equal horizontal bands of red, blue and white. While the Constitutional Court of Bosnia and Herzegovina declared the coat of arms of Republika Srpska unconstitutional, claiming that it did not represent the non-Serb ethnicities living in the entity, the flag was deemed to be in line with the constitution. The court ruled that though the combination of the colours relates to the Serbian tricolor, the use of red, blue and white are considered to be

neg: Flag of Labrador Flag of Labrador The flag of Labrador, while unofficial, is used to represent the continental part of the Canadian province of Newfoundland and Labrador as distinct from the island of Newfoundland. It was created in 1973 by a small group lead by Michael S. Martin who was then the representative for Labrador South in the provincial legislature. The flag has been influential in Labrador; its colours are mirrored in the flag of Nunatsiavut, and its black (bog) spruce twig was adopted for use on the Franco-Terreneuvien flag.The black spruce, a member of the pine family, is the most numerous tree

neg: Flag of Cape Verde and red represents the road toward the construction of the nation, and the colours stand for peace (white) and effort (red). The yellow colour, circular formation of the stars, and dark blue field show similarity to the flag of Europe (which has 12 stars instead of 10, and was originally designed for the Council of Europe, but is also used by the European Union). The stripes are in 6:1:1:1:3 ratio, and the circle of stars is centred along the fly. The Constitution of the Republic does not specify what the official proportions for the height and the width of the

neg: Australian state colours are primarily Maroon, New South Wales Public Schools are primarily Sky Blue, and Western Australian Public Schools are Bottle Green. This does not come without exception however. Australian state colours In Australia, state colours are frequently part of a state or territory's set of state symbols. Some states have formally adopted a set of colours as their official "state colours" while others have de facto state colours that have become well-known through popular use. State colours often appear on a variety of different media, from the state's flag to the colours used in sports. In particular the Sheffield Shield team

neg: Newfoundland and Labrador province. The two red triangles represent Labrador (the mainland portion of the province) and the island. In Pratt's words, the golden arrow points towards a "brighter future". The "Pink, White and Green" is a flag of 19th-century origins that enjoyed popularity in portions of the island in the late 19th century. It was flown on some vessels into the 20th century. It was never adopted by the Newfoundland government. A 1976 article reported that the tricolour flag was created in 1843 by then Roman Catholic Bishop of Newfoundland, Michael Anthony Fleming. The colours were intended to represent the symbolic union

neg: Flag of Zambia on flags are placed at centre or at the hoist. The colours used in the flag of Zambia are rich in symbolism. Green stands for the nation's lush flora, red for the nation's struggle for freedom, black for the Zambian people, and orange for the land's natural resources and mineral wealth. Additionally, the eagle flying above the coloured stripes is intended to represent the people's ability to rise above the nation's problems. The Zambian flag was slightly modified in 1996. The shade of green used in the 1964 flag was replaced with a brighter and lighter green and the eagle

neg: Flag of South Sudan between the flags of Sudan and South Sudan is that there is a yellow star inside the blue triangle that represents the unity of South Sudan. In an illustration of the contrasting regional orientation of the two Sudans, the flag of Sudan shares the stripes of the Egyptian flag, while the flag of South Sudan shares the stripes of the Kenyan flag. The Southern Sudanese government specifies that the colours of the flag are there to represent these descriptions of South Sudan: Flag of South Sudan The flag of South Sudan was adopted following the signing of the Comprehensive Peace

neg: Tricolour (flag) the German "Kleinstaaterei" and the desire for German Unification. It was at first illegal in the German Confederation, but was adopted as the national flag at the Frankfurt Parliament of 1848/9. The flag of Belgium was introduced in a similar context, in 1831, its colours taken from the flag used in the Brabant Revolution of 1789. The first national flag of the New World inspired by this symbolism was the flag of Mexico, adopted when the First Mexican Empire gained independence from Spain in 1821. After 1848, the young republican nation states continued to pick triband designs, but now more

neg: Federal District (Brazil) in 2003. In August 2005, it hosted the 2nd stage of the Brazilian Hang Gliding Championship. Brasília is one of the 12 cities that hosted the games of the 2014 FIFA World Cup, which took place in the country. The white background of the flag stands for peace, and gives the idea of infinity, or the vast Brazilian territory. The green and yellow colours in the middle refer to the most commonly used of the four colours of the national flag to represent Brazil. The four yellow arrows symbolize the native nations of Brazil, whereas their pointing into the four

neg: Flag of France a superior order. Lafayette's tricolour cockade was adopted in July 1789, a moment of national unity that soon faded. Royalists began wearing white cockades and flying white flags, while the Jacobins, and later the Socialists, flew the red flag. The tricolour, which combines royalist white with republican red, came to be seen as a symbol of moderation and of a nationalism that transcended factionalism. The French government website states that the white field was the colour of the king, while blue and red were the colours of Paris. The three colours are occasionally taken to represent the three elements of

neg: Flag of Austria in the reign of Emperor Joseph II, the Austrian, later Austro-Hungarian Navy used a naval ensign ("Marineflagge") based on the red-white-red colours, and augmented with a shield of similar colours. Both of these flags became obsolete with Austria-Hungary's dissolution in 1918, and the newly formed rump state of German Austria adopted the red-white-red triband as its national flag. The Austrian flag has been the main motif of many collector coins. One of the most recent examples is the 20 euro Post War Period coin, issued by the Republic of Austria on 17 September 2003. The obverse of this coin shows

neg: Flag of Germany The design of the Nazi flag was introduced by Hitler as the party flag in mid-1920, roughly a year before (29 July 1921) he became his political party's leader: a flag with a red background, a white disk and a black swastika "(Hakenkreuz)" in the middle. In "Mein Kampf", Hitler explained the process by which the Nazi flag design was created: It was necessary to use the same colours as Imperial Germany, because in Hitler's opinion they were "revered colours expressive of our homage to the glorious past and which once brought so much honour to the German nation." The

neg: Flag of Germany black. At the time, the colours represented: As the members of this unit came from all over Germany and were mostly university students and academics, the Lützow Free Corps and their colours gained considerable exposure among the German people. The 1815–16 Congress of Vienna led to the creation of the German Confederation, a loose union of all remaining German states after the Napoleonic Wars. The Confederation was created as a replacement for the now-extinct Holy Roman Empire, with Francis I of Austria—the last Holy Roman Emperor—as its president. The confederation did not have a flag of its own, although the

neg: Rainbow nation colours, or five of the Nguni (i.e., Xhosa and Zulu) cosmology, the colours are not taken literally to represent particular cultural groups. "Rainbow nation", as a spoken metaphor for South African unity is uniquely (although not deliberately) represented by the South African flag, which sports 6 different colours. South African political commentators have been known to speculate on "rainbowism", whereby true domestic issues such as the legacy of racism, crime, and the like are glossed over and "sugar-coated" by the cover of rainbow peace. South African politician, academic, and noted poet Jeremy Cronin cautions: Rainbow nation Rainbow nation is a

neg: National colours of Israel National colours of Israel The national colours of Israel are blue and white as seen on the flag of Israel. These two national colors represent as patriotism in modern-day usage including people and government authorities. However, these colors are not mentioned by law, but they are the national colors in an informal and substantial practice. Blue and white colors decorates many flags, symbols, etc. Eg: Blue-White ("Blau-Weiss") Zionist youth moment in Germany and Blue and white ("") patriotic song. Book of Numbers mentions in , it says that the Israelites were commanded to put fringes on the corners of their

neg: Flag of Nunavut use of a black outline around the inukshuk. Flag of Nunavut The official flag of Nunavut was proclaimed on 1 April 1999, along with the territory of Nunavut in Canada. It features a red inuksuk—a traditional Inuit land marker—and a blue star, which represents the "Niqirtsuituq", the North Star, and the leadership of elders in the community. The colours blue and yellow represent the riches of the land, sea and sky. It was adopted following a process where input was sought from local communities and submissions were solicited from the Canadian public. The flag of the Canadian territory of Nunavut

neg: Flag of Nunavut Flag of Nunavut The official flag of Nunavut was proclaimed on 1 April 1999, along with the territory of Nunavut in Canada. It features a red inuksuk—a traditional Inuit land marker—and a blue star, which represents the "Niqirtsuituq", the North Star, and the leadership of elders in the community. The colours blue and yellow represent the riches of the land, sea and sky. It was adopted following a process where input was sought from local communities and submissions were solicited from the Canadian public. The flag of the Canadian territory of Nunavut consists of gold and white fields divided vertically

neg: Flag of Spain tribanded flag from other tribanded European flags. The flag chosen as civil ensign or for Merchant Marine use, meanwhile, consisted of five stripes of yellow-red-yellow-red-yellow, in proportions 1:1:2:1:1. On 14 April 1931, the monarchy was overthrown and replaced by the Second Spanish Republic. The regime change was symbolized by a new tricolor flag, red, yellow and murrey (), instead of the previous red and yellow bicolor, considered, at the time, monarchist. The purported aim of the murrey strip was to represent Castile and León in the flag's colours, as the existing red and yellow represented the territories of the former

neg: Vegetarian and vegan symbolism Brian A. Dominick's "Animal Liberation and Social Revolution" pamphlet in 1995, combines the Circle-V with the Circle-A of anarchist symbolism. The vegan flag was designed by a network group of graphic designers and activists from several countries. The group was opened by Gad Hakimi, a vegan activist and designer from Israel. intending to be a civil flag to represent veganism. The flag consists of three blue and green triangles forming the letter V, the first letter in the word "vegan". Originally, some members of the group suggested that animals should be featured on the flag, with red colours featuring prominently

neg: Union mark of Norway and Sweden union war flag of 1815 was a Swedish flag defaced with a canton showing a white saltire on red, meant to represent Norway. Public opinion in Norway saw this situation as unsatisfactory, and demanded a reform of flags and arms to reflect the equal status of the two states within the union. In 1844, the proposals of a joint committee were enacted for both countries by King Oscar I. A union mark was created, combining the flag colours of both countries, equally distributed. It was placed in the canton of each flag, including the merchant flags, which had until then

neg: Adam Cullen the Meat Puppets, Black Flag and the Butthole Surfers. Cullen painted such things as dead cats, 'bloodied' kangaroos, headless women and punk men, many of which represent what he termed "Loserville". The artist used a highly personal visual language to address a broad range of topics including crime, masculinity and cowboy culture. He merged high and low cultural influences in works which are defined by their iridescent colours and bold gestural marks. His works combine irreverent humour with an astute sensitivity to society. Adam Cullen was born in Sydney in 1965. He graduated from the City Art Institute (now UNSW

neg: St Kilda Football Club the latter to be re-listed as a rookie. The original colours of the St Kilda Football Club are red, white and black. In the club's early years, from 1873 to 1896, the players wore a thinly striped red, white and black jumper; the stripes were later widened. In 1915, St Kilda changed its colours to red, yellow and black, to avoid playing in the colours of the German Empire's flag during a war against that country; in honour of allied power Belgium, they played in its flag colours for the remainder of the First World War. In 1923 the club

neg: Flag of Belgium by a white stripe. The territory then passed into Spanish hands, and after the coronation of Charles V, Holy Roman Emperor yellow and red, the colours of Spain, were added. From the 16th century to the end of the 18th century, the colours of what is now Belgium were red, white and yellow. Occasionally the red cross of Burgundy was placed on the white section of the flag. During the period of Austrian rule, a number of different flags were tried, until the Austrian Emperor imposed the Austrian flag. The population of Brussels was opposed to this, and following the

neg: Flag of Canada pointed out red and white were Canada's official colours and there was already an emblem representing the country: three joined maple leaves seen on the escutcheon of the Canadian coat of arms. By May 9 the following year, the committee reported back with a recommendation "that the national flag of Canada should be the Canadian red ensign with a maple leaf in autumn golden colours in a bordered background of white". The Legislative Assembly of Quebec had urged the committee to not include any of what it deemed as "foreign symbols", including the Union Flag, and Mackenzie King, then still