query: when did the first home pregnancy test come out

pos: Pregnancy test radioimmunoassay in 1959. Radioimmunoassays require sophisticated apparatus and special radiation precautions and are expensive. Organon International obtained the first patent on a home pregnancy test in 1969, two years after product designer Margaret Crane noticed that the laboratory testing procedure was relatively simple and made a prototype. The product became available in Canada in 1971, and the United States in 1977, after delays caused by concerns over sexual morality and the ability of women to perform test and cope with the results without a doctor. Another home pregnancy testing kit was based on the work of Judith Vaitukaitis and Glenn

neg: Clearblue three-step process using a dipstick and small tray. In 1988, Clearblue launched the first one-step pregnancy test with the invention of lateral flow technology. This one-step test gave a result in 3 minutes, subsequently reduced to a 1-minute result when Clearblue introduced the world’s first one-minute home pregnancy test in 1996. In 2003, Clearblue released the first digital pregnancy test to show the result in words ‘Pregnant’ or ‘Not Pregnant’ on a digital screen. In 2008, Clearblue released the Clearblue Digital Pregnancy Test with Conception Indicator. It was the first and only pregnancy test which showed the time since ovulation

neg: Margaret Crane Margaret Crane Margaret M. Crane (Meg Crane) is a United States inventor and graphic designer who lives in New York. Crane created the first at home pregnancy test in 1967 while working at Organon in West Orange, New Jersey. She is the listed inventor on US Patent 3,579,306 and 215,7774. There was resistance to marketing pregnancy tests for consumers rather than doctors, and the home pregnancy test did not become available until 1977, except for a market test in Canada in 1972. She was also a juror in the 2004 trial of Martha Stewart for lying to federal investigators during

neg: Alicia Gallagher and Alicia, and I think that's because Dom also has to protect himself because of his own history." Dom's teenage daughter Gemma (Tendai Rinomhota) did not approve of Alicia, who quickly realised that she was "a daddy's girl". When Dom found a positive pregnancy test in his home, he assumed it belonged to Gemma. However, Alicia surprised them both when she claimed the pregnancy test belonged to her. Dom later asked Alicia to move in with him and Gemma, but she did not react well. When asked if Dom and Alicia should be together, Johnson replied that they should as

neg: Pregnancy test as she is producing the hormones in pregnancy; a woman not pregnant responds to the absence of the hormone by beginning a new menstrual cycle. While the test was (is) generally considered accurate, research advancements have replaced it with simpler techniques. Immunologic pregnancy tests were introduced in 1960 when Wide and Gemzell presented a test based on in-vitro hemagglutination inhibition. This was a first step away from in-vivo pregnancy testing and initiated a series of improvements in pregnancy testing leading to the contemporary at-home testing. Direct measurement of antigens, such as hCG, was made possible after the invention of the

neg: Clearblue Clearblue Clearblue is a brand of SPD Swiss Precision Diagnostics GmbH and offers consumer home diagnostic products such as pregnancy tests, ovulation tests and fertility monitors. The Clearblue brand is distributed in 47 countries and was first launched in United Kingdom in 1985. Clearblue was introduced in 1985 with the launch of the first Clearblue Home Pregnancy Test system, which at the time was owned by Unilever. It was the world’s first “rapid home test” that gave pregnancy test results in 30 minutes and allowed a woman to take a test before going to the doctor. The test was a

neg: Clearblue clinical trial participants over the last 25 years. Clearblue Clearblue is a brand of SPD Swiss Precision Diagnostics GmbH and offers consumer home diagnostic products such as pregnancy tests, ovulation tests and fertility monitors. The Clearblue brand is distributed in 47 countries and was first launched in United Kingdom in 1985. Clearblue was introduced in 1985 with the launch of the first Clearblue Home Pregnancy Test system, which at the time was owned by Unilever. It was the world’s first “rapid home test” that gave pregnancy test results in 30 minutes and allowed a woman to take a test before

neg: Come Back to Me (2014 film) own bed, gasping, and assumes the mostly-unremembered episode was another case of night terrors. Later, at Leslie's house, Sarah notices an unused home pregnancy test, which reveals that she is pregnant. Leslie promises to schedule more tests for the pregnancy, blackouts, and night terrors. Unknown to Sarah, Josh is sterile. When he learns of her pregnancy, he immediately leaves her. Now on her own, Sarah installs hidden video surveillance cameras to record herself so she can better understand her night terrors, but they reveal that Dale has been entering the house, raping and murdering her, and then resurrecting her. In

neg: Margaret Crane dollar. However, she did not mind because she was content with receiving the business for the marketing company. She was also grateful to have met her partner in the process. It was not until 2012 when the New York Times ran a short "who Made It" feature and Crane received proper recognition for her prototype that simplified the pregnancy of many women. Margaret Crane Margaret M. Crane (Meg Crane) is a United States inventor and graphic designer who lives in New York. Crane created the first at home pregnancy test in 1967 while working at Organon in West Orange, New

neg: Laurel Thomas pneumonia and Laurel is distraught when she finds that Ashley only has days to live. She brings him back home. On 7 April 2017, Ashley wakes up and recognises Laurel, who is overjoyed. However, she is devastated when she finds Ashley dead a minute later. In 2004, Bellamy announced she was pregnant with her first child. Laurel was briefly written out while she took maternity leave. Bellamy did not have to hide her pregnancy while filming. In 2006, Bellamy announced her second pregnancy and took maternity leave in 2007. Her pregnancy was written into Laurel's storylines. In 2009, Bellamy announced

neg: Belly Full of Turkey public urination. Marshall goes to the station, and finds out Lily was using a home pregnancy test. Lily tells him of her concerns about raising a family of "mayonnaise-guzzling giants in Minnesota", but Marshall, faced with the very real possibility of having a child, assures her that they are not going to settle down in Minnesota, and alleviates Lily's fears. Suddenly an officer walks in and holds out Lily's possessions, which includes a pregnancy test. They find out that Lily isn't pregnant and they return to the Eriksen home, much relieved, and the Thanksgiving dinner concludes amicably. Meanwhile, Robin and

neg: The One with the Embryos complete, Rachel finally refuses to move as Frank and Alice come by with another pregnancy test. The boys and the girls begin to argue along with Ross, which is cut short when Phoebe emerges from the bathroom and joyfully announces she is pregnant, the mood turning to one of celebration. "The One with the Embryos" was co-written by Jill Condon and Amy Toomin and directed by Kevin S. Bright. In October 1997, Lisa Kudrow announced she and her husband Michel Stern were expecting their first child. When Marta Kauffman first learned of Kudrow's pregnancy, she was overjoyed and wanted to

neg: Austin Reed (Days of Our Lives) engaged. She soon believed she was pregnant due to an inaccurate pregnancy test, causing her and Lucas to rush their wedding date. When Carrie found out there was no baby, and had a "hysterical pregnancy", she was distraught and cheated on Lucas with Austin (who was still engaged to Sami) on the roof of their apartment building. Carrie was extremely relieved when Austin did not marry Sami. Prior to the ceremony she had expressed to Marlena that she was still in love with Austin, and admitted to loving Lucas but not being in love with him. After secretly meeting with

neg: Amber Turner did not want to worry her parents, as she did not think they could cope with the news. Kate advised Amber to take a pregnancy test, which to Amber's relief turned out to be negative. Lou later found the test in the bin and initially assumed that it belonged to Lauren, who then realised that it was Amber's. Rosenow told an "Inside Soap" journalist that while Lauren put on a calm façade, inside she was hysterical. The pregnancy scare led to Amber revealing the truth about her relationship with Robbo, which then led to other family secrets being revealed, leaving

neg: Ectopic pregnancy in the fimbriae. Ectopic pregnancy is responsible for 6% of maternal deaths during the first trimester of pregnancy making it the leading cause of maternal death during this stage of pregnancy. Between 5% and 42% of women seen for ultrasound assessment with a positive pregnancy test have a "pregnancy of unknown location" (PUL), that is a positive pregnancy test but no pregnancy visualized at transvaginal ultrasonography. Between 6 and 20% of PUL are subsequently diagnosed with actual ectopic pregnancy. Salpingectomy as a treatment for ectopic pregnancy is one of the common cases when the principle of double effect can be

neg: Ricky Sharpe (Home and Away) longest pregnancy. It's gone on for about a year since the time we started shooting." Sveen carried out research at the Royal Hospital for Women and spoke to a midwife about how Ricky's behaviour would be affected by the various stages of pregnancy. Sveen said the pregnancy was one of her more memorable and fun storylines as an actor. Sveen filmed the birth scenes in late 2014. Ricky went into labour at home alone, forcing her to attract her neighbour John Palmer's (Shane Withington) attention. Sveen said that Ricky was "very scared" when she went into labour, as she did

neg: I Want My Wife Back bed naked, unsure of what happened the night before. Bex moves in with her sister Keeley. Murray tries to re-propose to Bex, recalling they first met on a scuba diving course and visits Keeley's flat to find a positive pregnancy test which he assumes is Bex's (but is in fact Keeley's). There is resulting confusion when Murray lets the news of the pregnancy (which he hasn't verified with Bex) slip to Don and Paula (Bex and Keeley's parents) who congratulate the wrong daughter. The final episode uses the scuba theme for Bex and Murray to come to a final reconciliation.

neg: John Goddard (cricketer) the team in the tour of England in 1957, Stollmeyer quit first-class cricket for good. Goddard did not play in the home series against India in 1952–53, England in 1953–54, or Australia in 1954–55, when Stollmeyer was the captain for most of the time. He returned to the side as player-manager of the team to New Zealand in 1955–56, when Denis Atkinson was captain and Stollmeyer did not tour. Playing in the first three Tests of the four-match series, Goddard scored 147 runs for once out, including his highest Test score of 83 not out in the Second Test at

neg: Maxine Minniver and Darren took hair from a hairbrush in which they thought was Sienna's but it turned out that the hair came from Maxine's brush. On the start of "The Point of View Week" on 5 September 2016, the first episode mainly focused on Maxine. Maxine is shocked when her hair is found by Patrick's body and during a police interview, Maxine collapses. She is taken to hospital and Tegan Lomax (Jessica Ellis) suggests that she is pregnant. Maxine buys a pregnancy test which is seen by Sienna who tells Warren. Maxine tries the pregnancy test, which reveals positive. Adam starts

neg: The Death of Me Yet him off the pier. But he can't bring himself to shoot the agent in the water. He returns home, where Sybil believes he's keeping secrets from her and runs out of the room. He finds a pregnancy test which is positive. Deciding to come clean, he visits Joe Chalk's hotel room and confesses his true identity and how he assumed Paul Towers' identity after he decided to defect and failed to board a plane that crashed with no survivors. Chalk is skeptical of his story but Paul bargains, offering to identify Barnes, whom he believes was Vandamm's KGB contact. Paul

neg: Expecting a Miracle returning home, Pete and Donna have decided to adopt a child and are filling out paperwork. Although initially Pete did not think that he could love another child as his own, knowing Pepillo has changed him. However, Donna experiences heartburn and takes one last pregnancy test and finds out that against all odds she is pregnant. "Expecting a Miracle" ranked as the #1 cable program of the night, #1 cable movie of the week, and boosted Hallmark Channel to rank #1 in Prime Time for the day. The movie scored a 2.8 household rating with 2.4 million homes, over 3

neg: Pregnancy test Braunstein, who developed a sensitive hCG assay at the National Institutes of Health. That test went onto the market in 1978. In the 1970s, the discovery of monoclonal antibodies led to the development of the relatively simple and cheap immunoassays, such as agglutination-inhibition-based assays and sandwich ELISA, used in modern home pregnancy tests. Tests are now so cheap that they can be mass-produced in a general publication and used for advertising. Pregnancy test A pregnancy test attempts to determine whether or not a woman is pregnant. Indicative markers are found in blood and urine, and pregnancy tests require sampling one

neg: Dead & Buried (House) when they do the ultrasound, they can't find an embryo. House thinks they screwed up the pregnancy test, but three different team members did three different positive tests. House realizes that the test only measures elevated HCG levels, which usually only occur when there is a pregnancy, but can also be caused by an choriocarcinoma, which explains the obvious physical symptoms. It's probably hidden which is why it didn't appear on ultrasound. House tells them to tell the patient about her cancer. House goes to the lounge and finds Wilson, who realizes how he got the black eye. House says

neg: Sesil Karatantcheva two-year ban after two positive drug tests for nandrolone. While Karatantcheva has claimed she was pregnant at the time of one of the tests, another laboratory carried out a pregnancy test on her urine sample, and it tested negative. On July 3, 2006 the Court of Arbitration for Sport denied her appeal to overturn the ban with the argument that said nandrolone was found in concentrations which were inconsistent with the normal levels for that stage of pregnancy. Karatantcheva did not play any matches in 2006 or 2007 following her drug ban. She mainly trained in Pravets. Karatantcheva's first match

neg: Pregnancy test weeks' gestation. The embryo can be observed and measured by about five and a half weeks. The heartbeat may be seen as early as six weeks, and is usually visible by seven weeks' gestation. A systematic review published in 1998 showed that home pregnancy test kits, when used by experienced technicians, are almost as accurate as professional laboratory testing (97.4%). When used by consumers, however, the accuracy fell to 75%: the review authors noted that many users misunderstood or failed to follow the instructions included in the kits. Improper usage may cause both false negatives and false positives. False negative

neg: Roseanne Conner and Dan's parental authority. The reappearance of old biker buddy Ziggy reminds Roseanne and Dan of their own rebellious past. Darlene first proves her talent for writing when she wins recognition for her poetry. Roseanne's own writing talents are given a boost when her family fixes up a basement room to serve as a writer's den. This is the first season where we hear Roseanne thinking out loud. The season opens with the Roseanne confronting the issue of pregnancy: She takes a pregnancy test that turns up negative. Roseanne takes on a job as waitress in the restaurant at Rodbell's

neg: Amanda Ripley (character) bring believability to its characters. Amanda was conceived during a layover between haulage trips. Though this contravened Weyland-Yutani policy, her mother was not disciplined and the pregnancy was allowed to come to term. Amanda was delivered in a home birth. She was ten years old when Ellen Ripley disappeared aboard the "Nostromo". According to the canonical novel "Alien: Out of the Shadows", Amanda's father walked out on her and Ellen when Amanda was three years old. Ripley had promised Amanda that she would be home for her 11th birthday. In "Alien: Isolation", Amanda Ripley is an engineer for Weyland-Yutani (W-Y).

neg: Roo Stewart her because Roo ultimately ends up suffering. In the serial's first season, Alan Bateman wanted "Home and Away" to tackle serious social issues and a few months later Roo became the first character to have a teenage pregnancy. The production team felt that Roo's pregnancy was "risque" because "Home and Away" was aired in an early evening time-slot. Clarke said she did not know what it was like to be pregnant and had to carry out research. While filming the storyline, Clarke was required to wear a bag filled with lentils beneath her clothing. This was to give the impression

neg: Lancelot Hogben woman, ovulated within hours. Hogben found the job in South Africa attractive, but his antipathy to the country's racial policies drove him to leave. In 1930 Hogben moved to the London School of Economics, in a chair for social biology. There he continued to develop the Hogben Pregnancy Test. Previous pregnancy tests required several days to carry out and resulted in the deaths of mice or rabbits. Hogben's pregnancy test took hours and could be carried out without harm to the frogs, which could be reused for future tests. It became the major, international pregnancy test for about fifteen years,

neg: Zara Carmichael Daniel and Zara tried IVF. They were left devastated when they discovered it hadn't worked and Zara wasn't pregnant. When Zara arrives for work she is nursing a hangover. During the day Zara seems to get better until lunch when she sees everyone eating and has to run to the toilets to be sick. When she and Daniel arrive home, he makes her marmite toast to combat the hangover but this only makes her feel worse. Knowing what this could mean, Daniel rushes out to a chemist; when he returns Zara is sitting on the bed with a pregnancy test

neg: Nathan Scott Tree Hill for good, Nathan brings Jamie to say goodbye and thanks his dad for helping him get to the NBA. Later in the season, Nathan helps Haley and James come to terms with Haley's mother's death. Nathan also spends a day bonding with Jamie, who asks Nathan about his relationship with Lucas. Nathan replies that although they were not close when they were younger, they became more like real brothers as they got older. In addition, he finds out Jamie would like a brother or sister. Haley then confesses to Nathan that she took a pregnancy test that morning,

neg: Fools for Love saying evasively that he is going out of town. When Foreman admits he is going to a jazz festival with the new nurse, House reluctantly pays him the $200. As Foreman leaves, he sees that Tracy has moved out of the hospital room she shared with Jeremy, so Foreman stays with the devastated young man for a while. Meanwhile, Cuddy is observed with a pregnancy test, which, to her dismay, reads negative. House speeds home on his motorcycle. He is pulled over by a police officer who turns out to be Michael Tritter. Tritter arrests him for possession of narcotics.

neg: Daniel Granger (Doctors) some point and they could only hope for success. When Zara arrived for work on Friday 5 August, she was nursing a very bad hangover. During the day Zara seemed to get better until lunchtime when she saw everyone eating and had to run to the toilet to be sick. When she and Daniel arrived home, he made her Marmite on toast to combat the hangover but this only made her feel worse. Knowing what this could mean, Daniel rushed out to a chemist but when he returned, Zara was sitting on the bed with a pregnancy test kit in

neg: Pregnancy test causes pregnancy. False positive test results may occur for several reasons, including errors of test application, use of drugs containing the hCG molecule, and non-pregnant production of the hCG molecule. Urine tests can be falsely positive in those that are taking the medications: chlorpromazine, phenothiazines and methadone among others. Spurious "evaporation lines" may appear on many home pregnancy tests if read after the suggested 3–5 minute window or reaction time, independent of an actual pregnancy. False positives may also appear on tests used past their expiration date. A woman who has been given an hCG injection as part of infertility

neg: Margaret Crane an insider trading investigation. CAREER Margret Crane, 26, was hired by the Organon Pharmaceuticals in 1967 to work on a new cosmetic line for the company. One day as she was touring the laboratory of the company she noticed many test tubes. Curious to what they were, she asked and to her surprise they were pregnancy tests. Each individual test tube was contained regents that when mixed with a pregnant woman's urine would indicate pregnancy by displaying a red ring at the bottom of the test tube. Inspired by this invention, Margret Crane wanted to cut out the middle man

neg: Pregnancy test after fertilization of the egg, and in the urine 10. Obstetric ultrasonography may also be used to detect pregnancy. Obstetric ultrasonography was first practiced in the 1960s; the first home test kit for hCG was invented in 1968. The kits went on the market in the United States and Europe in the mid-1970s. At the beginning of the 1930s, Hillel Shapiro and Harry Zwarenstein, who were researchers at the University of Cape Town, discovered that if urine from a pregnant female was injected into the South African Xenopus toad and the toad ovulated, this indicated that the woman was pregnant.

neg: Gabby Sharpe house. They go home and see a fire in Il Gnosh and the upstairs flat. Gabby frantically screams for Amber who escapes onto the rooftop, however she slips but Tony rescues her. She later speaks to Frankie Osborne (Helen Pearson), who tells her that Amber stole a pregnancy test from Drive 'n' Buy shop. Gabby confronts Amber who tells her that the pregnancy test was for her and that she is pregnant. When Gabby goes to Taylor's football match, she meets Helen (Emma Vaudrey) and Arlo Davenport (Travis Yates) who are Phil's other family. They go for lunch and she

neg: Pregnancy test Pregnancy test A pregnancy test attempts to determine whether or not a woman is pregnant. Indicative markers are found in blood and urine, and pregnancy tests require sampling one of these substances. The first of these markers to be discovered, human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG), was discovered in 1930 to be produced by the syncytiotrophoblast cells of the fertilised ova (eggs). While hCG is a reliable marker of pregnancy, it cannot be detected until after implantation; this results in false negatives if the test is performed during the very early stages of pregnancy. HCG can be detected via blood 8 days

neg: Pregnancy test days after fertilization. Quantitative blood (serum beta) tests can detect hCG levels as low as 1 mIU/mL, while urine test strips have published detection thresholds of 10 mIU/mL to 100 mIU/mL, depending on the brand. Qualitative blood tests generally have a threshold of 25 mIU/mL, and so are less sensitive than some available home pregnancy tests. Most home pregnancy tests are based on lateral-flow technology. With obstetric ultrasonography the gestational sac sometimes can be visualized as early as four and a half weeks of gestation (approximately two and a half weeks after ovulation) and the yolk sac at about five

neg: HMS Indomitable (1907) believe that Souchon was heading for the Dardanelles, and so he resolved to guard the exit from the Aegean, unaware that the "Goeben" did not intend to come out. "Indomitable" remained in the Mediterranean to blockade the Dardanelles, but "Inflexible" was ordered home on 18 August. On 3 November 1914, Churchill ordered the first British attack on the Dardanelles following the opening of hostilities between Turkey and Russia. The attack was carried out by "Indomitable" and "Indefatigable", as well as the French pre-dreadnought battleships "Suffren" and "Vérité". The intention of the attack was to test the fortifications and measure the

neg: Alex Hai claimed that Hai (who had not yet come out as a transgender man) should not have tried to become a gondolier, despite supporting women from Venice who did, and that "A woman is the best thing in the world, but she shouldn't be a gondolier [...] In my opinion, she should stay at home and take care of a family. In contrast, Roberto Sussberg, jury member of the test and director of Ente Gondola, the City hall office for the gondola's safeguard, said that the gondoliers were wrong to be hostile to Hai, citing precedents during the war when mothers

neg: Unforgettable (1996 film) the nitroglycerin to him. He explains that Eddie did not kill his wife, and that he had come home drunk that night and passed out in the front yard while his wife was being murdered. Krane opens up about how he was a drunk and the marriage was on the rocks. He mentions that when his wife died she was 5 weeks pregnant. The next morning Dr. Briggs goes to Curtis and asks him to get a DNA sample from Krane. As Dr. Briggs is running the DNA for a paternity test, Krane walks in and is angry that she

neg: Max Branning Kirsty to abort the pregnancy, but following another refusal by Tanya to rekindle their relationship, he changes his mind and moves into a new flat with Kirsty. Max and Kirsty's relationship comes under pressure due to the meddling of her ex-fiancé, Carl White (Daniel Coonan), and he and Tanya argue because of her refusal to take him back, as well as Lauren's alcoholism. When Lauren tells Max and Tanya she cannot stand their constant arguing, Tanya agrees and decides to take Lauren out of Walford for treatment. Max later finds out about Kirsty's fake pregnancy after finding a pregnancy test

neg: Kuchh Meetha Ho Jaye Vikram Sinha (Rohit Roy) is shattered when he gets the news that his affair with air-hostess, Rahul (Shravan), has resulted in a much avoidable pregnancy; and Internet lovers Farha and Rahul finally meet - only to come to face with reality as Farha's father does not approve of her affair with Rahul, and does not want her to come home. Farha also goes missing then. All this happens in the midst of a mysterious male who is asleep on a bench in the Airport Lounge, and he is not to be disturbed under any circumstances. The mysterious male turns out

neg: Rabbit test Rabbit test The rabbit test, or "Friedman test", was an early pregnancy test developed in 1931 by Maurice Harold Friedman and Maxwell Edward Lapham at the University of Pennsylvania. The hormone human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG) is produced during pregnancy and can be found in a pregnant woman's urine and blood; it indicates the presence of a fertilized egg. An earlier test, known as the AZ test, was developed by Selmar Aschheim and Bernhard Zondek. When urine from a woman in the early months of pregnancy was injected into immature female mice, their ovaries would enlarge and show follicular maturation. The

neg: Jac Naylor dies in surgery after complications, Jac is deeply saddened despite the fact she had acted very cold towards her throughout her time at Holby. That night, Jac sleeps with Jonny and later discovers that she is pregnant. A few weeks later, Jonny discovers Jac's pregnancy when he finds Mo's drawing. Although Jac is convinced she's miscarried, Jonny convinces her to take a pregnancy test. Jac finds out that she is still pregnant. Jac tells Jonny about her endometriosis and he performs an ultrasound on Jac and they see their baby for the first time. Jac has her next ultrasound scan

neg: Pregnancy test readings can occur when testing is done too early. Quantitative blood tests and the most sensitive urine tests usually begin to detect hCG shortly after implantation, which can occur anywhere from 6 to 12 days after ovulation. hCG levels continue to rise through the first 20 weeks of pregnancy, so the chances of false negative test results diminish with time (gestation age). Less sensitive urine tests and qualitative blood tests may not detect pregnancy until three or four days after implantation. Menstruation occurs on average 14 days after ovulation, so the likelihood of a false negative is low once a

neg: Kapil Dev as Indian national cricket coach innings and 141 runs. The highlight of the Test series came in the final Test when V. V. S. Laxman scored 167 at a run a ball in fading light at the Sydney Cricket Ground and came for much praise from the media. India's ODI series performance matched the Test series in failure as India managed to win just one match against Pakistan and Kapil had to come out in defense of his team. India had not lost a home test series since 1987 (against Pakistan) and when South Africa toured India in February – March 2000, that streak was

neg: Ricky Sharpe (Home and Away) Ricky asks Brax not to tell anyone, but he confesses to the police and is arrested. Brax is sent to prison for fifteen years, while Ricky agrees to support Josh. Ricky argues with Kyle when she learns that he warned her friend Nate Cooper away from her. Ricky faints after visiting Brax in prison and Nate suspects she is pregnant, which is confirmed by a pregnancy test. The rest of the family find out, but before Ricky can tell Brax, he breaks up with her. When she starts bleeding, Ricky believes she is losing the baby. At the hospital, she

neg: Olivia Falconeri obviously wondering the same as Lulu, buy a pregnancy test. While at home, Olivia is about to take the test when Steve arrives, and she quickly hides it behind a pillow, unsure of how to tell him that she believes she may be pregnant with his child. Olivia left the room, going to heat up some food for Steve, and while she's gone, Steve accidentally finds the test, and panics. He puts the test back where it was and makes an excuse to leave, clearly uneasy. Olivia, unaware that Steve saw the test, thinks nothing of it. Olivia then takes

neg: Steve Smith (cricketer) of 2013–14 Ashes series in Brisbane. Despite a slow start in the first and second Test, Smith produced his first Test century on home soil in the third Test at Perth helping Australia display a total of 6–326 at stumps on the second day to later win the Test match and be awarded man of the match. In the fourth Test he was dismissed at 19 by Stuart Broad but later on made another century in the final Test at the SCG, alongside with the partnership with Brad Haddin, helping Australia come back from 5–97 to 326 all out in

neg: The Wrong Goodbye (Gossip Girl) praised the return of Georgina, stating "Michelle had some of the show's funniest dialogue in a long time. She and Jack Bass have really made the last two weeks for me. It was great to have her back." When reviewing the final scene, Marsi commended the appearance of the positive pregnancy test to the audience, calling the it "Quite the cliffhanger to leave us with after a finale that was already pretty darn entertaining. The show went out on a high note and next season could be even better." "New York Magazine" commented on the pregnancy test, insisting that "we’re

neg: The One with Monica and Chandler's Wedding When the ceremony is over Chandler tells Monica that he knows about her being pregnant and how Phoebe told him she found a pregnancy test in the trash, but she reveals she didn't take a pregnancy test. Phoebe exclaims to Rachel how Chandler & Monica are now married and how great it is that they're going to have a baby, and the camera zooms in on Rachel as she manages out a weak "uh-huh" with a slightly panicked look on her face, thus revealing to the audience that she's the one who's pregnant. The show was filmed over two weeks,

neg: Pregnancy may include missed periods, tender breasts, nausea and vomiting, hunger, and frequent urination. Pregnancy may be confirmed with a pregnancy test. Pregnancy is typically divided into three trimesters. The first trimester is from week one through 12 and includes conception, which is when the sperm fertilizes the egg. The fertilized egg then travels down the fallopian tube and attaches to the inside of the uterus, where it begins to form the embryo and placenta. During the first trimester, the possibility of miscarriage (natural death of embryo or fetus) is at its highest. The second trimester is from week 13 through

neg: Gokulathil Seethai to get out, it should be Rishi. At that moment a phone call reveals that Nila had mentioned Rishi as her guardian at a ladies hostel. Rishi proudly points that out to his dad and storms out. Later, when the Cook criticizes Rishi’s dad for having done this to his son, dad reveals that he talked to Nila the way he did not just to test her but to test Rishi as well. He also goes on to reveal that he is happy that Rishi is able to decide on his own and that he is confident that he’ll come

neg: Jonty Rhodes South Africa at hockey, and was chosen as part of the 1992 Olympic Games squad to go to Barcelona; however, the squad did not qualify to go to the tournament. He was also called up for trials to play in the 1996 Olympics but was ruled out by a hamstring injury. Rhodes made his Test début against India in the first Test of the "Friendship Tour" at his home ground in Kingsmead, Durban on 13 November 1992, scoring 41 in the first innings and 26 not out in the second. Rhodes scored his first Test century during the first Test

neg: Home and Away: Revenge Gunno attacked him. Heath is released and he and the police race to the abandoned town. As Gunno forces Ash and Bianca to choose who will die, Nate attacks him and knocks the gun out of his hand. Gunno gets Nate in a headlock, but Bianca punches him. Heath arrives with the police, who arrest Gunno. After returning to Sydney, Bianca takes a pregnancy test, while Gunno is shown arriving at the prison and noticing Heath's younger brother, Kyle Braxton. Following the success of "", which broke Presto streaming records when it aired in 2015, Tiffany Dunk of "The Daily

neg: Wes Hall England in 1957. Despite great enthusiasm, Hall struggled in the unfamiliar surroundings, unable to pitch the ball anywhere near the wicket. Hall remarked later "When I hit the softer wickets I was like a fish out of water." Hall did not play in any of the Test matches and in first-class matches on the tour as a whole took 27 wickets at an average of 33.55. Hall's lack of success in England saw him overlooked for the entire home Test series against Pakistan in 1957–58. Originally left out of the West Indies team to tour India and Pakistan in 1958–59,

neg: The Vessel The trio visit a surrogacy consultant to find out the best way to get Kim pregnant. Episode 3: A bit pregnant - Rory It's the big moment as Kim takes a pregnancy test, but is she truly ready for the result? Episode 4: God didn't give either of them a womb - Kim's Mum The threesome invite Kim's parents over for dinner to break the news. Episode 5: The Teacher's a Psychopath - Kim The boys' rigid pregnancy regime and Kim's fiery pregnancy hormones make a volatile combination when choosing baby names. Episode 6: The Third dad - Kim It's

neg: Women in Aztec civilization providing prenatal care advice. The Florentine Codex outlines much of the advice the tlamatlquiticitl gave to excepting mothers. The mother was advised to engage in sex with her husband during the first few months of the pregnancy so as to help the child develop, but around the seventh or eighth month she was to abstain. If she did not it was believed that the semen may act like glue and the baby would not come out, or if it did it would be feeble with misshaped fingers and toes and covered in what looks like atole so that everyone would

neg: Testicular cancer pregnancy test may be used to detect high levels of chorionic gonadotropin; however, the first sign of testicular cancer is usually a painless lump. Note that only about 25% of seminomas have elevated chorionic gonadotropin, so a pregnancy test is not very sensitive for making out testicular cancer. The American Academy of Family Physicians recommends against screening males without symptoms for testicular cancer. After removal, the testicle is fixed with Bouin's solution because it better conserves some morphological details such as nuclear conformation. Then the testicular tumor is staged by a pathologist according to the TNM Classification of Malignant Tumors

neg: Gynecologic hemorrhage excessive bleeding. A hematologic work-up should discover the cause. On occasion an ovarian cyst can rupture and give rise to internal hemorrhage. This may occur during ovulation or as a result of endometriosis. If the pregnancy test is positive, consider pregnancy related bleeding (see obstetrical hemorrhage), including miscarriage and ectopic pregnancy. A history will establish if the condition is acute or chronic, and if external circumstances are involved. A gynecologic examination is usually complemented by a gynecologic ultrasonography. A blood count determines the degree of anemia and may point out bleeding problems. The pregnancy test is important, particularly as bleeding

neg: Liz Lemon Do", when she stalled for him in front of a church, expanding her small reading to involve a guitar song and random readings from the Bible. Liz has a pregnancy scare in "Cooter", and leaves a series of messages on Jack's voicemail as she goes through a series of emotions. The pregnancy test turns out to be a false reading, and Jack flies from Washington, D.C. to New York, showing up at her door to comfort her. When Liz struggled with intimacy issues, Jack talked her through them and helped her get to the root of the problem. When she

neg: Lucy Robinson (Neighbours) Lassiter's chain and reinstates Terese. After learning from her nephew, Daniel (Tim Phillipps), that Paul is depressed following Kate's death, Lucy returns to help him. Lucy is evasive when she is questioned about her time in New York, and when she drops her bag, a pregnancy testing kit falls out. Lucy snaps at Paul when he says some insensitive things to her and she confides in Lauren about her failed relationship with a colleague and her negative pregnancy test. Lucy and Paul apologise to each other and they visit Kate's grave with Daniel. Lucy befriends Chris Pappas and after they

neg: Achar! Owen begs everyone to tell him how to find Priya. Rosalind purchases a pregnancy test kit. Stephanie has come down with chicken pox, scaring Ajay out of their apartment. Rosalind and Uma take classes in Chinese Opera, scaring everyone. Owen continues to chase after Priya. With Stephanie away on business, Ajay wants some alone time. He ends up accidentally insulting Uma who gets revenge by using Owen as a son-substitute; but Owen is using Uma to get Priya's attention Vincent comes out of retirement to take up his dream job, making Stephanie feel that she may be holding Ajay back

neg: Charlotte King go for a drink with him, however, and the two end up sleeping together. Charlotte and Cooper enter into a relationship, but break up when he discovers that she is opening a new practice to rival his own, on the fourth floor of the same building. They come close to reconciling when Charlotte believes she may be pregnant, but she is disappointed when her pregnancy test comes back negative and Cooper subsequently rejects her again. They re-unite when Charlotte's father dies from lung cancer, and Cooper helps her to turn off his life support machine. Charlotte is jealous of Cooper's

neg: Congenital cytomegalovirus infection initially IgM later IgG indicating current infection and immunity respectively. If the virus is detected in the blood, saliva, urine or other body tissues, it means that the person has an active infection. When infected with CMV, most women have no symptoms, but some may have symptoms resembling mononucleosis. Women who develop a mononucleosis-like illness during pregnancy should consult their medical provider. The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) does not recommend routine maternal screening for CMV infection during pregnancy because there is no test that can definitively rule out primary CMV infection during pregnancy. Women who are concerned

neg: Scott Peterson woman was not involved in her disappearance. Charles March was expected to be a crucial witness for the defense, one who, according to the "San Francisco Chronicle", could single-handedly exonerate Peterson by showing that Laci's fetus died a week after prosecutors claimed. Under cross-examination, March admitted basing his findings on an anecdote from one of Laci's friends that she had taken a home pregnancy test on June 9, 2002. When prosecutors pointed out that no medical records relied on the June 9 date, March became flustered and confused on the stand and asked a prosecutor to cut him "some slack",

neg: The House (1999 film) couple as well as their friends, ex-girlfriends, and family. A young couple has recently purchased their dream house and are expecting a baby. One day, while his wife is out of the home, an ex-girlfriend arrives at the door drenched from rain. She had heard of his wife's pregnancy and had come only to sell the couple insurance. The husband, feeling sympathetic allows her to take a shower in his home. Suddenly, his in-laws arrive at the home unexpectedly. The husband now has to find a way to get his ex-girlfriend out of the home without his in-laws noticing, and

neg: Clearblue occurred (1-2, 2-3 or over 3 weeks) alongside a pregnant result. It was released in Europe in 2008 and in the U.S in August 2013 under the name “Clearblue Advanced Digital Pregnancy Test with Weeks Estimator.” Clearblue has also launched ovulation and fertility home diagnostic products to help women identify their fertile days and to maximize their chances of conception. In 1989, Clearblue released the first one-step home ovulation test, enabling women to measure their surge in Luteinising Hormone (LH) to determine their most fertile days. In 1999, the brand launched the world’s first dual-hormone fertility monitor, which allowed women

neg: Hillel Abbe Shapiro African female "Xenopus" frogs was common in Europe, the USA and Australia from the 1930s and through the 1940s, 1950s and 1960s for testing human pregnancy. This early pregnancy test had been developed by Shapiro and Zwarenstein and it worked by injecting the urine from a human female into the Xenopus laevis frog - the frog would ovulate if the urine had come from a pregnant woman. In a report to the Royal Society of South Africa in October 1933, Shapiro and Zwarenstein announced that in the previous month they had successfully used Xenopus in 35 pregnancy tests. The following

neg: History of the Indian cricket team grasp. India were all out for 187 and lost by 158 runs. The team's first series as an independent country was in 1948 against Australia at Brisbane. Australia were led by Sir Don Bradman while India was led by Lala Amarnath. The Australians returned home, winning the 5 Test series with the score 4-0. India's first ever Test victory came against England at Madras in 1952. India's first series victory was against Pakistan later the same year. In 1954, India drew a 5-Test series with Pakistan 0-0, the batting strength from India had come from Polly Umrigar and Vijay Manjrekar

neg: Jacob were born. The Midrash says that during Rebekah's pregnancy whenever she would pass a house of Torah study, Jacob would struggle to come out; whenever she would pass a house of idolatry, Esau would agitate to come out. Rashi explained that Isaac, when blessing Jacob instead of Esau, smelled the heavenly scent of Gan Eden (Paradise) when Jacob entered his room and, in contrast, perceived Gehenna opening beneath Esau when the latter entered the room, showing him that he had been deceived all along by Esau's show of piety. When Laban planned to deceive Jacob into marrying Leah instead of

neg: Rabbit test simple, rapid procedure for the laboratory diagnosis of early pregnancies, American Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology, 21 (1931), pp. 405-410 Rabbit test The rabbit test, or "Friedman test", was an early pregnancy test developed in 1931 by Maurice Harold Friedman and Maxwell Edward Lapham at the University of Pennsylvania. The hormone human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG) is produced during pregnancy and can be found in a pregnant woman's urine and blood; it indicates the presence of a fertilized egg. An earlier test, known as the AZ test, was developed by Selmar Aschheim and Bernhard Zondek. When urine from a woman in

neg: Pregnancy test menstrual period is late. Ovulation may not occur at a predictable time in the menstrual cycle, however. A number of factors may cause an unexpectedly early or late ovulation, even for women with a history of regular menstrual cycles. Using ovulation predictor kits (OPKs), or charting the fertility signs of cervical mucus or basal body temperature give a more accurate idea of when to test than day-counting alone. The accuracy of a pregnancy test is most closely related to the day of ovulation, not of the act of intercourse or insemination that caused the pregnancy. It is normal for sperm

neg: Dolan's Cadillac (film) find and use to identify her. Soon afterward, a corpse with its lips sewn shut is left in Elizabeth's home, a threat to keep silent. The Robinsons go to the authorities, and an official admits them into the Witness Protection program. Not long later, Elizabeth wakes up during the night as she needs to vomit, which she takes as a positive sign that she is pregnant. Believing her dream has come true, she gets excited and rushes out of their hotel to buy pregnancy tests, Tom following after her. When she tries to start their car, it explodes in front

neg: Bill Johnston (cricketer) Australia collapsed to be all out for 107 on sticky wicket. It was the only time that they conceded a first innings lead in the series, and persistent rain forced a draw. The Third Test was Johnston's first Test in front of his home crowd of the Melbourne Cricket Ground. In the first innings, he scored his first runs at Test level, adding five before being run out. He removed both of India's openers, Chandu Sarwate and Mankad, and ended with 2/33 as Australia took a 103-run first innings lead. In the second innings, he did the same, bowling both

neg: HCG pregnancy strip test HCG pregnancy strip test Detection of human chorionic gonadotrophin (hCG) in urine or serum is an easy first method of diagnosis of pregnancy. hCG can be detected as early as the sixth day after conception. hCG is also an important tumor marker because it is produced by some kinds of tumor, such as: seminoma, choriocarcinoma, germ cell tumors, hydatidiform mole formation, teratoma with elements of choriocarcinoma, and islet cell tumor Pregnancy detection kits containing a strip or card impregnated with anti-hCG globulin are readily available. The test is executed by immersing the proper end of the strip in urine or

neg: Emil Abderhalden to Switzerland and got a position at the University of Zurich. He died there at age 73. The minor planet 15262 Abderhalden was named in his honour. Abderhalden is known for a blood test for pregnancy, a test for cystine in urine, and for explaining the Abderhalden–Kaufmann–Lignac syndrome, a recessive genetic condition. He did extensive work in the analysis of proteins, polypeptides, and enzymes. His "Abwehrfermente" ("defensive enzymes") theory stated that immunological challenge will induce production of proteases. This was seemingly "proven" by many collaborators in Europe, although attempts to verify the theory abroad failed. The pregnancy test was determined

neg: Wonderful Life (2005 TV series) Seung-wan leaves her, and returns home earlier than scheduled. Back in Korea, his father kicks him out of the house for spending too much money on liquor, and he contacts Se-jin again. She agrees to help him earn money to pay back his father, but soon realizes that her increased appetite and vomiting of late are symptoms of pregnancy. She buys a pregnancy test while in disguise, and runs into Do-hyun again. After confirming that she's pregnant, Se-jin tells Seung-wan that she's leaving Korea and study abroad in Australia. A year later, Se-jin's older sister crashes Seung-wan's father's birthday party,

neg: Bayer Bayer brought the first neuroleptic (chlorpromazine) onto the German market. In the 1960s Bayer introduced a pregnancy test, Primodos, that consisted of two pills that contained norethisterone (as acetate) and ethinylestradiol. It detected pregnancy by inducing menstruation in women who were not pregnant; the presence or absence of menstrual bleeding was then used to determine whether the user was pregnant. The test became the subject of controversy when it was blamed for birth defects, and it was withdrawn from the market in the mid-1970s. Litigation in the 1980s ended inconclusively. A review of the matter by the Medicines and Healthcare

neg: Brooke Logan Katie and hide her pregnancy from Bill. Eric refuses and urges her to come clean to both Katie and Bill. Taylor who has suspected that Brooke and Bill were having an affair finds out about the pregnancy. At a surprise birthday party for Brooke, Taylor tells the guests including Katie about the affair. By that time, Brooke's body had mysteriously "absorbed" the pregnancy according to her doctor and she was hoping it would never come out. In 2013, Katie goes missing shortly after giving birth to Will, and suffering from post-partum depression. Bill tracks Katie down in Aspen, Colorado, and

neg: Hypercoagulability in pregnancy to the particular individual based on her risk of complications. Warfarin and other vitamin K-inhibiting agents are contraindicated during the first trimester of pregnancy because of the teratogenic effects, and should not be administered when the pregnancy is confirmed. Rather, women who are on chronic anticoagulation may be given the option of conversion to either unfractionated heparin or low molecular weight heparin (LMWH), such as tinzaparin, prior to a planned conception. LMWH is as safe and efficacious as unfractionated heparin. A blood test including platelets and a clotting screen should be performed prior to administration of anticoagulant regimens in pregnancy.

neg: 2006 English cricket season not out in the final, and in doing so became the first man to score over 1000 runs in the format. On 20 August, the Fourth Test descended into chaos after the Pakistan team refused to come out after tea, in protest at having been penalised for ball tampering. The match subsequently became the first ever test to be forfeited and was awarded to England by the umpires. 2006 English cricket season The 2006 English cricket season was the 107th in which the County Championship had been an official competition. It included home international series for England against Sri Lanka

neg: Unipath to manufacture the first in their line of home pregnancy test kits marketed under the Clearblue brand. The name is related to the fact that the test produced a blue marker line as a positive (pregnant) result and that it is 'clear' and simple to use. The product was a success, in part due to intensive advertising and held a majority market share in the UK by the end of the year. Unipath released their clearplan home ovulation kit in 1987. The kit was designed for use in identifying the period of peak fertility in a prospective mother's menstrual cycle

neg: Rahul Dravid four consecutive Test innings when he scored 100 not out against West Indies in the first of the three match home series at Wankhede. Severe cramps and dehydration forced Dravid to leave his inning midway soon after he completed his hundred as he retired hurt on 100 to get drips administered to himself. India won the test by innings and 112 runs. Dravid didn't do too well in the remaining two tests ending with a modest series aggregate of 148 runs at an average of 49.33. Dravid did well in the subsequent bilateral 7-match ODI series. He topped Indian averages

neg: HIV and pregnancy has a positive HIV screening test must receive follow-up testing to confirm the diagnosis. The follow-up test can differentiate HIV-1 from HIV-2 and is a more specific antibody test. It may also detect the virus directly in the bloodstream. HIV/AIDS may be vertically transmitted from a mother to her child. This means the infection may be spread during pregnancy, labor, delivery, or breastfeeding. 70% of transmissions are believed to occur during delivery when the baby comes into direct contact with the mother's infected blood or genital secretions/fluid in the birth canal. 30% of infections occur in utero during the pregnancy

neg: English cricket team in Australia in 1954–55 beaten for the first time in 12 years. Though chosen for the First Test he failed and did not find his form until late in the series. As a result, Hutton tried Bailey, Edrich and Graveney in the number two position. England's opening-partnership problem remained unsolved until the emergence of John Edrich and Geoffrey Boycott in the 1960s. With the strong Australian bowling on their home turf, runs were hard to come by and only the obstinate stonewaller "Barnacle" Bailey exceeded his career Test average in a low-scoring series (37.00 over 29.74). Keith Miller wrote "I reckon he has saved

neg: Taylor Townsend (The O.C.) Taylor may have concealed a prior sexual encounter when Seth reveals that Taylor packed a pregnancy test for the trip. The test was actually for Summer who was "late" and whom Taylor suspected might be pregnant with Seth's child (it turned out to be a false alarm but Seth and Summer got engaged anyway). Taylor is angry with Ryan's assumption that she has been sleeping with other men and the pair argue. Only to later make up when Ryan realizes that the test was not her and her defensiveness was due to her fears of being seen as a "promiscuous

neg: Margaret Crane (the doctor) and make this test a home pregnancy test. She thought it was easy enough to do that women could perform this test at home and in a quicker fashion. She took matters into her own hands and went to her home in New York to begin working on her prototype. She combined a paper clip holder, a test tube, a mirror, and a dropper. She put her invention together and presented it to the Organon a couple of months later. With success, they applied for a patent in her name in 1969. During the auction house where she

neg: Lateral flow test test line and the target analyte is present a visual change, normally a line appearing, will occur allowing the test to be read as a positive. The majority of sandwich assays also have a control line which will appear regardless of whether or not the target analyte is present. The rapid, low-cost sandwich-based assay is commonly used for home pregnancy tests which detects for human chorionic gonadotropin, hCG, in the urine of women. The sample first encounters coloured particles which are labelled with the target analyte or an analogue. The test line contains antibodies to the target/its analogue. Unlabeled analyte

neg: Kithuruwan Vithanage scoring 103 not out. With that test ton, he was only the second Sri Lankan to score a test century when batting at number 8 position in tests and jointly holds the record for the highest test score with Thilan Samaraweera when batting at number 8 position for Sri Lanka. He made his T20I debut against England on May 20, 2014 and scored 38 runs. After New Zealand tour in Sri Lanka A team, Vithanage showed his talents that he can come in to the Test side back. He was called up for the first Test against New Zealand on

neg: The Hunting Party (Lost) had read about the miraculous recovery of Jack's wife, and they hope that Jack can work another miracle. Jack agrees to operate, despite his father's disapproval. After one long night, Jack returns home to his wife, Sarah, who tells him that she has taken a pregnancy test after being late for her period; the test is negative. Later, when Gabriela is in Jack's office, signing release forms, Jack warns her of the risks of surgery, but she ultimately decides to proceed. Christian abruptly walks in on them as they share a quiet moment. When Gabriela leaves, Christian warns Jack about

neg: Anything but Love got from Robin, Marty got the male counterpart of advice from Mike, albeit from the point of view of a husband. All the significant "firsts" of Hannah and Marty's courtship were then chronicled—the first fight (which unfolded at work), the first bout of jealousy (Hannah's reeling when Marty has to accompany a swimsuit model to the Caribbean for an interview), etc. The fourth season begins with Hannah feeling ill, and at a visit to the doctor's, is told that she may be experiencing signs of morning sickness. Hannah takes a home pregnancy test, which shows a positive result. Both Marty

neg: Rabbit test test was considered reliable, with an error rate of less than 2%. Friedman and Lapham's test was essentially identical, but replaced the mouse with a rabbit. A few days after the injection, the animal would be dissected and the size of her ovaries examined. The rabbit test became a widely used bioassay (animal-based test) to test for pregnancy. The term "rabbit test" was first recorded in 1949, and was the origin of a common euphemism, "the rabbit died," for a positive pregnancy test. The phrase was, in fact, based on a common misconception about the test. While many people assumed

neg: Juno and the Paycock are claiming the inheritance, which is rapidly being eaten up by legal costs; to make matters worse, Bentham has apparently fled the country out of shame. Johnny berates his father for his shortsightedness and avarice. Unable to cope with the stress of the situation, Jack disowns Mary and retreats to the pub to drink with Joxer. Johnny persuades Juno to follow Jack and beg him to come home. Mary returns, and Johnny disowns her as well. Jerry Devine shows up to patch things up with Mary, but he too renounces her when he learns of her pregnancy. As the last

neg: Contraction stress test ten minutes. The CST was the first antenatal surveillance test that was developed after the development of the cardiotocograph. The oxytocin challenge test was first described in 1972 and was standardised in 1975 when the parameters of contraction number and frequency were given. Historically, a CST was done after a non reactive NST. Today, a biophysical profile (BPP) is usually performed. Contraction stress test A contraction stress test (CST) is performed near the end of pregnancy to determine how well the fetus will cope with the contractions of childbirth. The aim is to induce contractions and monitor the fetus to

neg: Princess Hwapyeong Until her death in 1748, she was the main protector of Prince Sado. Lady Hyegyong claimed that during the pregnancy of her first child, she often dream of Princess Hwapyeong coming to her bedchamber, sat next to her and sometimes smiled at her. When her first son was born, he bore the same birth mark as Princess Hwapyeong and King Yeongjo took him as the reincarnation of the Princess. Yearning for my elder sister Princess Hwapyeong The flowers of the cherry trees are blooming in spring, brilliant leaves among scarlet petals. For how many times did my sister come to

neg: Chauncey Yellow Robe a winter blizzard my father used to wake me up out of my warm bed of buffalo robes and dare me to go out and lay down in the deep snow and roll in it 'as I had come into the world'. This was not as a punishment, but a test of endurance." Chauncey did not see a white man until he was ten or eleven years old. When he did, he could not decide if it was a man or an animal, and as the creature approached, he decided it was an evil spirit and ran to the tipi

neg: Rani Kapoor she can come. Rani joins Erinsborough High when her mother becomes the principal. Callum Jones initially judges Rani, calling her a nerd and the principal's pet. However, he later tells her that she is cooler than he first thought and they become friends. When Sophie Ramsay runs away from home, Rani helps to hide her in her bedroom. Callum discovers where Sophie is and urges her to go home, while Rani agrees. Callum later tells Sophie's uncle where she is and Rani reassures him that he did the right thing. Rani and Sophie sneak out to attend a house party