query: what is an example of a double-reed instrument

pos: Double reed example between that for a bassoon and that for an oboe or a cor anglais (sometimes called an English horn). Typically, "Arundo donax" cane is used for the making of double reeds. For bassoon reeds, tubes of this cane are first split lengthwise then gouged to a certain thickness. The chosen piece of cane is then cut to shape and the centre portion is thinned (profiled). The cane is folded end to end to form the two blades of the reed. The unprofiled end of the cane is shaped into a tube with the aid of a mandrel and bound

pos: International Double Reed Society International Double Reed Society The International Double Reed Society (IDRS), located in Finksburg, Maryland, is an organization that promotes the interests of double reed players, instrument manufacturers and enthusiasts. Services provided by the IDRS include an international oboe and bassoon competition, an annual conference, member directory, a library, information about grants, and publications, such as the society's own journal, "The Double Reed". The IDRS grew out of a 1969 newsletter for bassoonists compiled by Gerald Corey. Professor Lewis Hugh Cooper at the University of Michigan and Alan Fox, president of bassoon manufacturer Fox Products, founded a “double reed club” to

pos: Heckelphone playing in a small ensemble. This arrangement is unique among double-reed instruments. It is played with a large double reed that more closely resembles a bassoon's than an oboe's reed. Smaller piccolo- and terz-heckelphones were developed, pitched respectively in (high) F and E, but few were made, and they were less successful than the baritone-range instrument. The first use of the heckelphone was in Richard Strauss's 1905 opera "Salome". The instrument was subsequently employed in the same composer's "Elektra", as well as "An Alpine Symphony" (though this part frequently calls for notes that are below the range of the heckelphone),

pos: International Double Reed Society Namesakes for the competition are Italian Baroque composer Antonio Vivaldi, who taught music at the Ospedale della Pietà, a girls' orphanage in Venice, and Meg Quigley, a philanthropist from California who supported women's issues and institutions. Prizes in the inaugural year included: first place, $9,000 plus performance opportunities; second place, $6,000; and $3,000 for third place. International Double Reed Society The International Double Reed Society (IDRS), located in Finksburg, Maryland, is an organization that promotes the interests of double reed players, instrument manufacturers and enthusiasts. Services provided by the IDRS include an international oboe and bassoon competition, an annual conference,

pos: Woodwind instrument This family of reed pipes is subdivided further into another two sub-families: exposed double reed, and capped double reed instruments. Exposed double-reed instruments are played by having the double reed directly between the player's lips. This family includes instruments such as the oboe, cor anglais (also called English horn) and bassoon, and many types of shawms throughout the world. On the other hand, Capped double-reed instruments have the double reed covered by a cap. The player blows through a hole in this cap that then directs the air through the reeds. This family includes the crumhorn. Bagpipes are unique reed

pos: Reed contrabass to which it bears some superficial resemblance. Reed contrabass The reed contrabass in C, otherwise known as the or , is a type of woodwind instrument. It is reminiscent of an ophicleide in appearance but, unlike the ophicleide, employs a double reed (akin to that of an oboe or Bassoon) for the purpose of sound production. It was developed by the Belgian maker Mahillion in the 1860s based on a slightly earlier design by the Czech maker Červený. The instrument is typically of metal construction, with a conical and unusually wide bore. This width allows each note to be produced

pos: Reed contrabass Reed contrabass The reed contrabass in C, otherwise known as the or , is a type of woodwind instrument. It is reminiscent of an ophicleide in appearance but, unlike the ophicleide, employs a double reed (akin to that of an oboe or Bassoon) for the purpose of sound production. It was developed by the Belgian maker Mahillion in the 1860s based on a slightly earlier design by the Czech maker Červený. The instrument is typically of metal construction, with a conical and unusually wide bore. This width allows each note to be produced by opening only one tone hole, whereas,

pos: Contrabassoon Contrabassoon The contrabassoon, also known as the double bassoon, is a larger version of the bassoon, sounding an octave lower. Its technique is similar to its smaller cousin, with a few notable differences. The reed is considerably larger than the bassoon's, at in total length (and in width) as compared to for most bassoon reeds. The large blades allow ample vibration that produces the low register of the instrument. The contrabassoon reed is similar to an average bassoon's in that scraping the reed affects both the intonation and response of the instrument. The fingering of the contrabassoon is slightly different

pos: Great Highland bagpipe rebel-held Crater district by their pipe major playing the regimental marches. The Great Highland bagpipe is classified as a woodwind instrument, like the bassoon, oboe, and clarinet. Although it is further classified as a double-reed instrument, the reeds are all closed inside the wooden "stocks", instead of being played directly by mouth as most other woodwinds are. The Great Highland bagpipe actually has four reeds: the chanter reed (double), two tenor drone reeds (single), and one bass drone reed (single). A modern set has a bag, a chanter, a blowpipe, two tenor drones, and one bass drone. The scale of

pos: Embouchure from a metal tube (oboe – staple) or placed on a bocal (bassoon, English horn). The reed is placed directly on the lips and then played like the double-lip embouchure described above. Compared to the single reed woodwinds, the reed is very small and subtle changes in the embouchure can have a dramatic effect on tuning, tone and pitch control. Embouchure Embouchure or lipping is the use of the lips, facial muscles, tongue, and teeth in playing a wind instrument. This includes shaping the lips to the mouthpiece of a woodwind instrument or the mouthpiece of a brass instrument. The

pos: Kortholt that of the chanter of a bagpipe. A double reed is mounted inside a chamber. Blowing through a slot in the chamber causes the reed to vibrate; because the reed is not touched by the lips, the performer has little control over the sound. The pitch of the note can be varied by opening or closing finger and side holes along the length of the instrument. The kortholt is actually double bored, similar to the modern bassoon. The combination of cylindrical bore, which sounds roughly an octave lower than a conical bore, and a bore which is almost twice as

pos: Bocal Bocal A bocal is a curved, tapered tube, which is an integral part of certain woodwind instruments, including double reed instruments such as the bassoon, contrabassoon, English horn, and oboe d'amore, as well as the larger recorders. In the double reed instruments, the bocal connects the reed to the rest of the instrument; in the case of larger recorders, the bocal directs air from the player's mouth to the fipple. Bocals can be made from a variety of metals, including nickel silver, brass, sterling silver, or even gold, and are covered at the lower end with a cork sleeve, allowing

pos: Reed (mouthpiece) and separated from the tube of cane and attached to a mouthpiece of some sort. By contrast, in an uncapped double reed instrument (such as the oboe and bassoon), there is no mouthpiece; the two parts of the reed vibrate against one another. Single reeds are used on the mouthpieces of clarinets and saxophones. The back of the reed is flat and is placed against the mouthpiece, the rounded top side tapers to a thin tip. These reeds are roughly rectangular in shape except for the thin vibrating tip, which is curved to match the curve of the mouthpiece tip.

pos: Bocal the bocal to fit tightly in the socket at the top of the instrument. More recently, at least one maker is producing bocals made of hardwood. The reed either fits directly on to the tapered end of the bocal (as with the bassoon) or is tied to a metal tube which fits to the bocal (as with the English horn). Bocal A bocal is a curved, tapered tube, which is an integral part of certain woodwind instruments, including double reed instruments such as the bassoon, contrabassoon, English horn, and oboe d'amore, as well as the larger recorders. In the double

pos: Bassoon extension to the instrument—see "Extended techniques" below. The bassoon disassembles into six main pieces, including the reed. The bell (6), extending upward; the bass joint (or long joint) (5), connecting the bell and the boot; the boot (or butt) (4), at the bottom of the instrument and folding over on itself; the wing joint (or tenor joint) (3), which extends from boot to bocal; and the bocal (or crook) (2), a crooked metal tube that attaches the wing joint to a reed (1) (). Bassoons are double reed instruments like the oboe. A modern beginner's bassoon is generally made of

pos: Sarrusophone Sarrusophone The sarrusophones are a family of transposing woodwind musical instruments patented and placed into production by Pierre-Louis Gautrot in 1856. Originally designed as double-reed instruments, single-reed mouthpieces were later developed, at least for some of the larger sizes. It was named after the French bandmaster Pierre-Auguste Sarrus (1813–1876) who is credited with the concept of the instrument, though it is not clear whether Sarrus benefited financially from this association. The instrument was intended to serve as a replacement in wind bands for the oboe and bassoon which, at that time, lacked the carrying power required for outdoor band music.

neg:
Loh tarang • Mashak (Bagpipe)
 • Dhol (Double-Headed Drum)
 • Gogona (Jaw Harp-Vibrating Reed Instrument)
 • Dollu (Big Drum)
 • Chenda (Percussion Instrument)
 • Dotara (Stringed Instrument)
 Percussion instruments are divided into two classifications: definite (tuned) pitch and indefinite (untuned) pitch. They are instruments that are banged, shaken, or taped. The old bass drum is an example of an unpitched percussion instrument. The xylophone is an example of a pitched percussion instrument. The first percussion instrument was the stone and stick. Musical stones dates back to 2300 B.C. Notched sticks, rattles, and hollowed log drums were also created during this time. The

neg: Mouthpiece (woodwind) Mouthpiece (woodwind) The mouthpiece of a woodwind instrument is that part of the instrument which is placed partly in the player's mouth. Single-reed instruments, capped double-reed instruments, and fipple flutes have mouthpieces while exposed double-reed instruments (apart from those using pirouettes) and open flutes do not. On single-reed instruments, such as the clarinet and saxophone, the mouthpiece is that part to which the reed is attached. Its function is to provide an opening through which air enters the instrument and one end of an air chamber to be set into vibration by the interaction between the air stream and the

neg: Pungi regions, Nepal. While, Murli instrument has two fractions. The first portion is constructed from a dry and swollen gourd which is major sound hollow. The second portion is made from two jointed double reed pipes having holes. The reed portion of Murli has often eight holes but in some areas of Sindh, Pakistan it has an extra hole in right pipe. One of two reed pipes is for playing a hum and second for creating melody. Indian musical practices often coincide with religious ideals. An example would be the comprehensive practice of mantra incantation, which can be defined as a

neg: Single-reed instrument Single-reed instrument A single-reed instrument is a woodwind instrument that uses only one reed to produce sound. The very earliest single-reed instruments were documented in ancient Egypt, as well as the Middle East, Greece, and the Roman Empire. The earliest types of single-reed instruments used idioglottal reeds, where the vibrating reed is a tongue cut and shaped on the tube of cane. Much later, single-reed instruments started using heteroglottal reeds, where a reed is cut and separated from the tube of cane and attached to a mouthpiece of some sort. By contrast, in a double reed instrument (such as the

neg: Balaban (instrument) Balaban (instrument) Balaban, or balaman () is cylindrical-bore, double-reed wind instrument about long with eight finger holes and one thumb hole. Balaban, one of the ancient wind instruments, is played in all corners of Azerbaijan. This instrument is played in Iranian Azerbaijan and in the Republic of Azerbaijan. The origins of this instrument come from the Armenian duduk. Balaban can be made of mulberry or other harder woods, such as walnut.The bore through the instrument is about in diameter. The double reed is made out of a single tube of cane about six cm long and pressed flat at one

neg: Bradford Reed Bradford Reed Bradford Reed is an American multi-instrumentalist, experimental luthier, and member of avant-garde band King Missile III. He is proficient at such instruments as drums, guitar, melodica, piano, and synthesizer. In the 1980s he invented the pencilina, a custom-made string instrument. The pencilina is a custom-made string instrument that Reed invented in the 1980s. The instrument is a double neck 3rd bridge guitar. Similar in construction to two long, thin zithers connected by a stand, the pencilina's two "necks" each have a bridge, tuning pegs, and a set of strings; six strings on one neck are tuned like a

neg: Gralla (instrument) traditional instrument used during the construction and dismantling of human towers or castells and other traditional festivities. Usually it is played with the timbal, a percussion instrument similar to a drum. The traditional "gralla" melody used in castells, called the "toc de castells," serves to advise the castellers within the tower what stage of the construction their colleagues have reached, as they are unable to see this. The gralla player is called "graller" o "grallaire" Gralla (instrument) The gralla (), also known as grall de pastor, xaramita o xirimita, is a traditional Catalan double reed instrument in the shawm family.

neg: The Master Musicians of Jajouka led by Bachir Attar the care of Mohammed Hamri, who has been involved with the village since the 50s and 60s, and who had a hand in bringing Brion Gysin and Paul Bowles there. Inconsistent English rendering of the village's name compounds the issue. For example, "RE/Search" uses both spellings in an interview with Brion Gysin: "Jajouka" for the village name, and "Joujouka" for the album "Brian Jones Presents the Pipes of Pan at Joujouka". The Jajouka flute is called the "lira" and is considered the oldest instrument in Jajouka. The double-reed instrument is called the rhaita; it is similar to an oboe, but

neg: Guan (instrument) wide pitch bends. The "guan" is quite difficult to play, largely due to the difficulty of controlling the embouchure; a Chinese saying states that "the "sheng" (mouth organ) takes 100 days to learn, but the "guan" takes 1,000 days to learn." Guan (instrument) The guan () is a Chinese double reed wind instrument. The northern Chinese version is called guanzi (管子) or bili (traditional: 篳篥; simplified: 筚篥) and the Cantonese version is called houguan (喉管). It is classified as a bamboo instrument in the Ba Yin (ancient Chinese instrument classification) system. Unlike other instruments in the double-reed family of woodwinds

neg: Guan (instrument) Guan (instrument) The guan () is a Chinese double reed wind instrument. The northern Chinese version is called guanzi (管子) or bili (traditional: 篳篥; simplified: 筚篥) and the Cantonese version is called houguan (喉管). It is classified as a bamboo instrument in the Ba Yin (ancient Chinese instrument classification) system. Unlike other instruments in the double-reed family of woodwinds which mostly have conical bores, such as the Chinese "suona" or the Western oboe, the "guan" has a cylindrical bore, giving its distinctive mellow, yet piercing buzz-like timbre. The earliest use of the word "guan" can be traced back to Zhou

neg: Middle Eastern music drum made of ceramic clay, with a goatskin head glued to the body. The Armenian Duduk is a very popular double reeded, oboe-like instrument made out of Apricot tree wood. The Moroccan oboe, also called the rhaita, has a double-reed mouthpiece that echoes sound down its long and narrow body. A similar instrument is called the sorna. Equivalent to the mizmar and zurna, it is used more for festivals and loud celebrations. A Turkish influence comes from the mey, which has a large double reed. Bamboo reed pipes are the most common background to belly dancing and music from Egypt.

neg: Stock-and-horn played with a single reed ("oaten reed") unfixed to the instrument but held by the lips. Stock-and-horn The stock-and-horn was a traditional instrument of the Scottish peasantry, very similar to the Welsh pibgorn, consisting of a single-reed reed pipe amplified by a bell made of horn. The original instrument of the Middle Ages had a double chanter with single reeds but was replaced by the single chanter type. The single chanter instrument is described in great detail by Robert Burns in a 1794 letter to a contemporary; Burns describes how he had much difficulty coming by the instrument, and notes

neg: Contrabass oboe Contrabass oboe The contrabass oboe is a double reed woodwind instrument in the key of C or F, sounding two octaves or an octave and a fourth (respectively) lower than the standard oboe. Current research, in particular that by hautboy specialist Bruce Haynes, suggests that such instruments may have been developed in France as part of an original attempt to maintain the complete family of double reed instruments when the oboe was created from the shawm. There was an instrument referred to as the basse de cromorne or basse de hautbois which was used by Lully, Charpentier, and other French

neg: Bombard (music) Bombard (music) The bombard (, ) is a contemporary conical-bore double-reed instrument widely used to play traditional Breton music. The bombard is a woodwind instrument, and a member of the shawm family. Like most shawms, it has a broad and very powerful sound, vaguely resembling a trumpet. It is played as other shawms are played, with the double reed placed between the lips. The second octave is 'over-blown'; achieved via increased lip and air pressure or through the use of an octave key. It plays a diatonic scale of up to two octaves, although contemporary instruments frequently have added keywork

neg: Mizmar (instrument) Mizmar (instrument) In Arabic music, a mizmār (; plural مَزَامِير mazāmīr) is any single or double reed wind instrument. In Egypt, the term "mizmar" usually refers to the conical shawm that is called "zurna" in Turkey. "Mizmar" is also a term used for a group of musicians, usually a duo or trio, that play a "mizmar" instrument along with an accompaniment of one or two double-sided bass drums, known in Arabic as "tabl baladi" or simply "tabl." Mizmars are usually played in Egypt at either weddings or as an accompaniment to belly dancers. In Lebanon, the Palestinian Territories, and Syria,

neg: Double clarinet with six holes for each tube. Melodies are played in unison on both pipes, often with one pipe tuned slightly higher than the other to produce acoustic beats. The Yemeni instrument is called a "mizmār". It is attached to the player's mouth using a muzzle. In Italy, the Sicilian zampogna bagpipe, also called a "ciaramedda", is additionally referred to as a "doppio clarinetto" (double clarinet), because of its two equal length single reed chanters. A version of this instrument is also played in the Province of Reggio Calabria. Other single reed, double chanter bagpipes found in Southern Italy include the

neg: Woodwind instrument the instrument to vibrate and produce its unique sound. Single reed instruments include the clarinet, saxophone, and others such as the chalumeau. Double-reed instruments use two precisely cut, small pieces of cane bound together at the base. This form of sound production has been estimated to have originated in the middle to late Neolithic period; its discovery has been attributed to the observation of wind blowing through a split rush. The finished, bound reed is inserted into the instrument and vibrates as air is forced between the two pieces (again, causing the air within the instrument to vibrate as well).

neg: Crumhorn crumhorn. It is uncertain if the Spanish wind instrument "orlo" (attested in an inventory of 1559) designates the crumhorn, but it is known that crumhorns were used in Spain in the sixteenth century, and the identification seems likely. Three Italian terms for the instrument are "storto", "cornamuto torto", and "piva torta". The crumhorn is a "capped reed" instrument. Its construction is similar to that of the chanter of a bagpipe. A double reed is mounted inside a long windcap. Blowing through a slot in the windcap produces a musical note. The pitch of the note can be varied by opening

neg: Cromorne Cromorne Cromorne is a French woodwind reed instrument of uncertain identity, used in the early Baroque period in French court music. The name is sometimes confused with the similar-sounding name crumhorn, a musical woodwind instrument probably of different design, called "tournebout" by French theorists in the 17th century (; ). By contrast, the crumhorn (also known by names including "crum horn", "crumm horn", "Krummhorn", "Krummpfeife", "Kumbhorn", "cornamuto torto", and "piva torto") is a capped double-reed instrument usually shaped like a letter "J" and possessing a rather small melodic range spanning a ninth (i.e. just over an octave) unless extended downward

neg: Nadaswaram Diaspora. The nadaswaram contains three parts namely, "kuzhal", "thimiru", and "anasu". It is a double reed instrument with a conical bore which gradually enlarges toward the lower end. The top portion has a metal staple ("mel anaichu") into which is inserted a small metallic cylinder ("kendai") which carries the mouthpiece made of reed. Besides spare reeds, a small ivory or horn needle is attached to the instrument, and used to clear the reed of saliva and other debris and allows free passage of air. A metallic bell ("keezh anaichu") forms the bottom end of the instrument. Traditionally the body of

neg: Rauschpfeife Rauschpfeife Rauschpfeife is a commonly used term for a specific type of capped conical reed musical instrument of the woodwind family, used in Europe in the 16th and 17th centuries. In common with the crumhorn and cornamuse, it is a wooden double-reed instrument with the reed enclosed in a windcap. The player blows into a slot in the top of the windcap to produce the sound. This instrument, for reasons given below, should be more correctly referred to as "Schreierpfeife." Rauschpfeifes (Schreierpfeiffen) differ from cornamusen mainly in the shape of the bore, which, like the shawm, is conical. This bore

neg: American bass viol from the maker Benjamin Crehore, made in Massachusetts in 1788. A particularly notable double bass luthier, Abraham Prescott, is known to have made 500 to 600 church basses, the earliest example dating from 1809. With the rising popularity of the reed organ in the 1840s, church basses fell into disuse. American bass viol The American bass viol, also called a "church bass" or "Yankee bass viol", is a type of bowed string instrument which enjoyed popularity in early 19th century New England for use in aiding Puritan congregational singers. In its time of common use, the instrument was referred to

neg: Tremolo harmonica This effect is fairly common amongst Western free-reed instruments and is found in accordions, harmoniums and reed organs under various names (celeste, vox jubilante, etc.), but it is also used, for example, on the piano, where each of the three strings is tuned very slightly sharper or flatter, giving a richer sound to the instrument. Most tremolo harmonicas are built upon what is termed the "Wiener system", named after the city of Vienna (Wien in Austria) where they first emerged. In this design the two beating reeds are distributed one on each reed-plate (top and bottom) and these share a

neg: Mouthpiece (woodwind) assembly or lip rest used in some European double-reed instruments, including the piffero, shawm and rackett. In band shawms, it is carried on the staple on which the reed is mounted On the European shawm, the pirouette replaces the loose disc of the oriental surna, presumably to secure lip-control over the cane reed. The player presses his lips against the pirouette while holding the reed in his mouth. This permits control of the reed by the lips without appreciably affecting the amplitude of its vibration. Mouthpiece (woodwind) The mouthpiece of a woodwind instrument is that part of the instrument which

neg: Mey (instrument) Mey and the other similar instruments. In Hellenistic Egypt, there was an instrument called "Mait" or "Monaulos" which was similar to the Mey and there was another one in Anatolia which was called "Auloi" and its picture was found on a vase. Mey (instrument) The Mey is a double-reed aerophone used in Turkish folk music. Its origins come from the Armenian Duduk. A Mey consists of three parts: Ana Gövde (main part), Kamış (reed) and Kıskaç (clip). There are many instruments similar to the Mey in Asia. These are called "Balaban", in Azerbaijan and Iran; "Yasti Balaban" in Dagestan; "Duduki"

neg: Bombard (music) of all styles - from classical to folk, rock, pop, punk, metal - in arrangements of traditional Breton dance tunes or in new compositions. Some "sonerien": Bombard (music) The bombard (, ) is a contemporary conical-bore double-reed instrument widely used to play traditional Breton music. The bombard is a woodwind instrument, and a member of the shawm family. Like most shawms, it has a broad and very powerful sound, vaguely resembling a trumpet. It is played as other shawms are played, with the double reed placed between the lips. The second octave is 'over-blown'; achieved via increased lip and air

neg: Reclam de xeremies single reed, though in modern instruments the reed is often inserted directly into the bore. Traditionally the fingerholes gave a pentatonic scale in a tuning varying by instrument. Various researches believe that the "reclam" descends from a similar instrument of Hellenic Egypt. In any case, it does indeed appear to be very similar in design to other Mediterranean double-reedpipes such as the Arabic "mijwiz", the Tunisian "zumarra", the Egyptian "argul", and the Sicilian "launeddas". Per the Hornbostel-Sachs classification, this is classified as a "cojoined single-reed instrument," categorised by the number 422.22. Reclam de xeremies The reclam de xeremies, also known

neg: Sralai the Thai "pi". Sralai The sralai () is a Cambodian wind instrument that uses a quadruple reed to produce sound. The instrument is used in the "pinpeat" orchestra, where it is the only wind instrument. The set of quadruple reeds are made of palm leaf. The bore of the instrument is not evenly bored, but "slightly conical." Its cousin, the Western oboe, has a double reed and a conical bore. The pinpeat instruments tune to the sralai's pitch, and the player must learn circular breathing to play continuously without stopping for breath. The "sralai" is very similar in construction and

neg: Sralai Sralai The sralai () is a Cambodian wind instrument that uses a quadruple reed to produce sound. The instrument is used in the "pinpeat" orchestra, where it is the only wind instrument. The set of quadruple reeds are made of palm leaf. The bore of the instrument is not evenly bored, but "slightly conical." Its cousin, the Western oboe, has a double reed and a conical bore. The pinpeat instruments tune to the sralai's pitch, and the player must learn circular breathing to play continuously without stopping for breath. The "sralai" is very similar in construction and playing technique to

neg: Bass oboe and James Stephenson's "Rituals and Dances", both written for Alex Klein. Robert Moran's "Survivor from Darmstadt", for nine amplified bass oboes, was commissioned by oboist Nora Post and premiered in 1984. At least one sonata for bass oboe and piano, by Simon Zaleski, has been written. A very recent discovery (2015) is a unique bass (or baritone) oboe in E, in the possession of Peter Hurd. This instrument, playable with a single-reed mouthpiece and clarinet reed, was very likely made for a pit or jazz band alto saxophonist to be able to switch to an ostensible double-reed instrument while continuing

neg: Hichiriki Hichiriki The is a double reed Japanese "fue" (flute) used as one of two main melodic instruments in Japanese "gagaku" music, the other being the "ryūteki". The "hichiriki" is difficult to play, due in part to its double reed configuration. Although a double reed instrument like the oboe, the "hichiriki" has a cylindrical bore and thus its sound is similar to that of a clarinet. Pitch and ornamentation (most notably bending tones) are controlled largely with the embouchure. The "hichiriki" is one of the "sacred" instruments and is often heard being played at Shinto weddings in Japan. Its sound is

neg: Duduk northwestern Bulgarian folk instrument of the same name (see below, Balkan duduk). The duduk is a double reed instrument with ancient origins, having existed since at least the fifth century, while there are Armenian scholars who believe it existed more than 1,500 years before that. The earliest instruments similar to the duduk's present form are made of bone or entirely of cane. Today, the duduk is exclusively made of wood with a large double reed, with the body made from aged apricot wood. The particular tuning depends heavily on the region in which it is played. In the twentieth century,

neg: Gyaling Gyaling The gyaling (Tibetan: རྒྱ་གླི་, Wylie: rgya gli, English: also spelled gya ling, gya-ling, jahlin, jah-lin, jahling, jah-ling, Rgya-gling etc.) Gyaling literally meaning "Indian trumpet" is a traditional woodwind instrument used in Tibet. Specifically, it is a double reed horn much like the sorna used mainly in Tibetan monasteries during "puja" (chanting and prayer) and is associated with peaceful deities and the idea of devotion. The gyaling is oboe-like in appearance with a long hardwood body and copper brass bell. The instrument is generally covered with ornate embellishments of colored glass. The double reed, which is made from a single

neg: Hornpipe (instrument) Hornpipe (instrument) The hornpipe can refer to a specific instrument or a class of woodwind instruments consisting of a single reed, a small diameter melody pipe with finger holes and a bell traditionally made from animal horn. Additionally, a reed cap of animal horn may be placed around the reed to contain the breath and allow circular breathing for constant play, although in many cases the reed is placed directly in the mouth. It was also known as the pibcorn, pibgorn, or piccorn. One rare Scottish example, called the "stock-and-horn", is referred to by Robert Burns among others. Other hornpipes

neg: Urumi (drum) urumi is most often performed in two types of ensembles: Urumi melam ensembles usually consist of a melodic instrument, the double-reed Nadaswaram, a pair of double headed drums called pampai, and one to three urumi drums. This type of ensemble is associated exclusively with funerals and other inauspicious occasions. The naiyanti melam is the most common type of folk ensemble associated with ritual and dance. A typical naiyandi melam is composed of two double-reed nadaswaram, one or two thavil (barrel drums), a tamukku (kettle drum played with leather straps), a pambai, and an urumi. It performs for a number of

neg: Tangmuri push-fit. The double-reed is tied onto a thin conical-bore metal tube c.3cm long, which is wound with thread to hold it in place in the chanter. Tangmuri The tangmuri, "ka tangmuri" in the Khasi language, is a double-reed conical-bore wind-instrument used by the Hynniew Trep people of Meghalaya State in North-East India. The tangmuri is used by musicians playing for traditional dances, and for other traditional rituals, such as cremations performed according to the indigenous religion, "Niam Khasi". The tangmuri delivers a very high pitched sound when played by the musician. The instrument consists of a turned conical-bore wooden chanter,

neg: Practice chanter Practice chanter The bagpipe practice chanter is a double reed woodwind instrument whose main function is as an adjunct to the Great Highland bagpipe. As its name implies, the practice chanter is used as a practice instrument, firstly for learning to finger the different melody notes of bagpipe music, and after the bagpipe is mastered to practice new music. The practice chanter is essentially a long, thin piece of wood or plastic (in two parts) with a small-diameter hole bored lengthwise through the centre. Air is directed into and through this bore hole and passes through a reed, the vibration

neg: Dance forms of Tamil Nadu melodic instrument, the double-reed Nadaswaram, a pair of double headed drums called pampai, and one to three urumi drums. This type of ensemble is associated exclusively with funerals and other inauspicious occasions. The naiyanti melam is the most common type of folk ensemble associated with ritual and dance. A typical naiyandi melam is composed of two double-reed nadaswaram, one or two thavil (barrel drums), a tamukku (kettle drum played with leather straps), a pambai, and an urumi. It performs for a number of festive occasions including dance-dramas, menstruation ceremonies, weddings, harvest festivals, and staged folk dances such as :- -

neg: Piffero Piffero The piffero () or piffaro is a double reed musical instrument with a conical bore, of the oboe family (Sachs-Hornbostel category 422.112). It is used to play music in the tradition of the "quattro province", an area of mountains and valleys in the north-west Italian Apennines which includes parts of the four provinces of Alessandria, Genoa, Piacenza and Pavia. It is also played throughout Southern Italy with different fingering styles dictated by local tradition. The instrument is a descendant of the Medieval shawm and belongs to the family of the bombarde. The reed used by the "piffero" is inserted

neg: Oboe make the instrument more economical. The oboe has an extremely narrow conical bore. It is played with a double reed consisting of two thin blades of cane tied together on a small-diameter metal tube (staple) which is inserted into the reed socket at the top of the instrument. The commonly accepted range for the oboe extends from B to about G, over two and a half octaves, though its common tessitura lies from C to E. Some student oboes only extend down to B (the key for B is not present). However this variant is becoming less common. A modern

neg: Single-reed instrument double-clarinets, where two reed tubes were tied or glued together to form one instrument. Multiple pipes were used to reinforce sound or generate a strong beat-tone with slight variations in tuning among the pipes. One of the tubes usually functioned as a drone, but the design of these simple instruments varied endlessly. The entire reed entered the mouth, meaning that the player could not easily articulate so melodies were defined by quick movement of the fingers on the tone holes. These types of double-clarinets are still prevalent today, but also developed into simplified single-clarinets and hornpipes. Modern-day idioglots found in

neg: Cornemuse du Centre double reed of reed or plastic. The chanter can be in a wide variety of keys, depending on its length: The cornemuse du centre is a chromatic instrument, on most modern instruments all semitones of the scale can be played. The instrument is (generally) not tuned to an equal temperament, to allow playing in harmony with the drones. Also, due to the presence of the drones which cannot be tuned to another pitch, only a subset of the keys which would be technically feasible are usually played, i.e. the drone is either the key's tonic or the dominant. Further, typically

neg: Stock-and-horn Stock-and-horn The stock-and-horn was a traditional instrument of the Scottish peasantry, very similar to the Welsh pibgorn, consisting of a single-reed reed pipe amplified by a bell made of horn. The original instrument of the Middle Ages had a double chanter with single reeds but was replaced by the single chanter type. The single chanter instrument is described in great detail by Robert Burns in a 1794 letter to a contemporary; Burns describes how he had much difficulty coming by the instrument, and notes that it has six or seven fingerholes on the top, one on the back, and is

neg:
Loh tarang (Hourglass-Shaped Drum)
 • Tamak’(Double-Headed Drum)
 • Pambai (Cylindrical Drum Pair)
 • Duggi (Drum)
 • Elathalam (Miniature Cymbal-like Percussion Instrument)
 • Loh Tarang (Percussion Instrument)
 • Khartal (Percussion Instrument) • Urumee (Hourglass-Shaped Drum)
 • Patayani thappu (Indian Frame Drum)
 • Dholak (Double-Headed Hand Drum)
 • Thappu (Circular Wood-Frame Drum)
 • Pungi (Wind Instrument)
 • Madhalam (Wooden Drum)
 • Thavil (Barrel-Shaped Drum)
 • Titti (Bagpipe)
 • Mizhavu (Percussion Instrument)
 • Panchamukha vadyam (Metal Drum)
 • Gubguba (Percussion String Instrument)
 • Maddale (Percussion Instrument)
 • Damru (Two-Headed Drum)
 • Ghumot (Percussion Instrument)
 • Kuzhal (Double Reed Wind Instrument)
 • Dhad (Hourglass-Shaped Drum)

neg: Arghul Arghul The arghul (), also spelled argul, arghoul, arghool, argol, or yarghul (Israel), is a musical instrument. It has been used since Ancient Egyptian times and is still used as a traditional instrument in Egypt and Palestine. "Modern Egyptians".) Modern Arghul, 3 ft. 2½ in. long. The arghul is a double-pipe, single-reed woodwind instrument that consists of two tubes: a melody pipe with between five and seven holes and a longer drone (Arabic "ardiyya", "ground") pipe. Its tone is similar to that of a clarinet, although a bit more reed-like. Unlike the similar mijwiz, the arghul has fingering holes on

neg: Music included the double-reed "aulos" and a plucked string instrument, the "lyre", principally the special kind called a "kithara". Music was an important part of education, and boys were taught music starting at age six. Greek musical literacy created a flowering of music development. Greek music theory included the Greek musical modes, that eventually became the basis for Western religious and classical music. Later, influences from the Roman Empire, Eastern Europe, and the Byzantine Empire changed Greek music. The Seikilos epitaph is the oldest surviving example of a complete musical composition, including musical notation, from anywhere in the world. The oldest

neg: Kuzhal of which is affixed a brass bell. The player, who is almost always male, blows through a double reed and closes small holes with both hands. L.S. Rajagopalan. "Temple Musical Instruments Of Kerala". . D.K. Printworld (P) Ltd Kuzhal The kuzhal is a traditional double reed wind instrument used in the south Indian state of Kerala. It is similar in construction to a "nagaswaram" or a large "shehnai", and has a very shrill and penetrating tone. Kuzhal is primarily used as an accompaniment for chenda-led ensembles Panchari Melam and Pandi Melam, where the piper plays the anchor role. However, as

neg: Contrabassoon late 19th century, the instrument typically had a weak tone and poor intonation. For this reason, the contrabass woodwind parts often were scored for, and contrabassoon parts were often played on, serpent, contrabass sarrusophone or, less frequently, reed contrabass, until improvements by Heckel in the late 19th century secured the contrabassoon's place as the standard double reed contrabass. For more than a century, between 1880 and 2000, Heckel’s design remained relatively unchanged. Chip Owen at the American company, Fox, began manufacturing an instrument in 1971 with some improvements. Generally, during the 20th century changes to the instrument were limited to

neg: Mijwiz Mijwiz The mijwiz (, DIN: "miǧwiz") is a traditional musical instrument originally from hauran in north Jordan and now it’s a popular musical instrument of Palestine, Lebanon, Jordan and Syria . Its name in Arabic means "dual," because of its consisting of two, short, bamboo reed pipes put together, making the mijwiz a double-pipe, single-reed woodwind instrument. The mijwiz consists of two pipes of equal length; each pipe has around five or six small holes for fingering. It requires a special playing technique known as "circular breathing," which is tricky but produces a continuous tone, without pausing to take a

neg: Rauschpfeife instruments in G/a are often played with Scottish reeds, the instruments based on French bagpipes often with plastic reeds for the Cornemuse du Centre, and the soprano rauschpfeifes in C/d often with reeds similar to those of the Spanish gaita. Rauschpfeife Rauschpfeife is a commonly used term for a specific type of capped conical reed musical instrument of the woodwind family, used in Europe in the 16th and 17th centuries. In common with the crumhorn and cornamuse, it is a wooden double-reed instrument with the reed enclosed in a windcap. The player blows into a slot in the top of

neg: Heckelphone is essentially an extended Heckelphone able to play lower notes such as those called for in the Alpine Symphony. Heckelphone The heckelphone () is a musical instrument invented by Wilhelm Heckel and his sons. The idea to create the instrument was initiated by Richard Wagner, who suggested at the occasion of a visit of Wilhelm Heckel in 1879. Introduced in 1904, it is similar to the oboe but pitched an octave lower. The heckelphone is a double reed instrument of the oboe family, but with a wider bore and hence a heavier and more penetrating tone. It is pitched an

neg: Phragmites roots and leaf litter removes some of the nutrients in biotransformation. The water is then suitable for irrigation, groundwater recharge, or release to natural watercourses. Reed is used in many areas for thatching roofs. In the British Isles, common reed used for this purpose is known as "Norfolk reed" or "water reed". However "wheat reed" and "Devon reed", also used for thatching, are not in fact reed, but long-stemmed wheat straw. In Middle East countries "Phragmites" is used to create a small instrument similar to the clarinet called a sipsi, with either a single, as in the picture, or double

neg: Cor anglais Cor anglais The cor anglais (, or original ; plural: "cors anglais") or English horn in North America, is a double-reed woodwind instrument in the oboe family. It is approximately one and a half times the length of an oboe. The cor anglais is a transposing instrument pitched in F, a perfect fifth lower than the oboe (a C instrument). This means that music for the cor anglais is written a perfect fifth higher than the instrument actually sounds. The fingering and playing technique used for the cor anglais are essentially the same as those of the oboe and oboists

neg: Heckelphone Heckelphone The heckelphone () is a musical instrument invented by Wilhelm Heckel and his sons. The idea to create the instrument was initiated by Richard Wagner, who suggested at the occasion of a visit of Wilhelm Heckel in 1879. Introduced in 1904, it is similar to the oboe but pitched an octave lower. The heckelphone is a double reed instrument of the oboe family, but with a wider bore and hence a heavier and more penetrating tone. It is pitched an octave below the oboe and furnished with an additional semitone taking its range down to A. It was intended

neg: Heckelphone-clarinet the heckel-clarina, also a very rare conical bore single reed woodwind by Heckel but higher in pitch and made of metal, nor with the heckelphone, a double reed instrument lower in pitch. The instrument sounds somewhat like a saxophone, but with a much softer tone. In his 1931 catalogue, Heckel asserts that "the clarinet-like tone of the instrument is excellent, extraordinarily harmonious, and powerful; nor is it sharp or metallic like that of the alto saxophone". It was apparently intended for military use, but never became popular, and only between twelve and fifteen were manufactured. Heckelphone-clarinet The heckelphone-clarinet (or "Heckelphon-Klarinette")

neg: Pey au Pey au The pei au or pei ar (Khmer:ប៉ីអ) is a Cambodian musical instrument, similar to a flute but using a set of double reeds to produce sound. The instrument uses an external reed, cut from a prebos tree and flattened with small strips of ratan. The bundle is insterted into a hold at the top of the flute part of the instrument, creating a mouthpiece. The instrument's body is made of "narrow bore bamboo", narrower than that used for the Khloy flute and pey pok. The instrument gives the pitch to be used in aareak and phleng kar wedding

neg: Woodwind instrument Woodwind instrument Woodwind instruments are a family of musical instruments within the more general category of wind instruments. There are two main types of woodwind instruments: flutes and reed instruments (otherwise called reed pipes). What differentiates these instruments from other wind instruments is the way in which they produce their sound. All woodwinds produce sound by splitting an exhaled air stream on a sharp edge, such as a reed or a fipple. A woodwind may be made of any material, not just wood. Common examples include brass, silver, cane, as well as other metals such as gold and platinum. Occasionally

neg: Woodwind instrument then split; this causes the column of air within the closed flute to vibrate and produce sound. Examples of this type of flute include the recorder, ocarina, and organ pipes. Reed instruments produce sound by focusing air into a mouthpiece which then causes a reed, or reeds, to vibrate. Similar to flutes, Reed pipes are also further divided into two types: single reed and double reed. Single-reed woodwinds produce sound by placing a reed onto the opening of a mouthpiece (using a ligature). When air is forced between the reed and the mouthpiece, the reed causes the air column in

neg: Balaban (instrument) an additional hole called "nizam pardasi" is made on the lower end of the bottom side to ensure good timbre. The holes made on the stem are classified as follows: The reed ("gamish", "garghy" or "dil") made of club-rush that grows in an arid area is inserted into the upper end. It flattens and takes the shape of a double reed. It is tied to a long and wide regulator ("kharak", "boghazlig", "boyundurug", "ulama", "akma") made of a willow or grape branch cut lengthways. The reed is then fixed by a collar-like regulator on one side and a pivot on

neg: Subcontrabass saxophone the same fingering as a contrabass saxophone, but its bore, though conical, is narrower (relative to its length) than that of a regular saxophone. This makes for a more compact instrument with a "reedier" and "fatter" timbre. While some argue that the tubax is akin to the double-reed sarrusophone, the tubax's bore is much larger than that of the corresponding size of sarrusophone. Since several conical single-reed instruments with bores narrower than the saxophone are known (Octavin, Tarogato, Heckelclarina), analogies to a double-reed instruments can only relate to range and overall dimensions. Some authorities regard the tubax as a separate

neg: Pey au orchestras. Pitches are not standardized in Cambodia, although the spaces between pitches is. The instrument is ancient and predates the Angkor (9th—15th centuries A.D.), and has played with the aareak and aapeapipa orchestras for as long. Pey au The pei au or pei ar (Khmer:ប៉ីអ) is a Cambodian musical instrument, similar to a flute but using a set of double reeds to produce sound. The instrument uses an external reed, cut from a prebos tree and flattened with small strips of ratan. The bundle is insterted into a hold at the top of the flute part of the instrument, creating

neg: Guan (instrument) Dynasty records, where it refers to end-blown bamboo flutes such as the "xiao" or "paixiao". The earliest double-reed instrument appears in the late Zhou Dynasty and is referred as "hujia" (胡笳; literally "reed pipe of Hu people") because it had been introduced from the northwestern region of China. During that time, the "hujia" was used as the primarily military instrument for signaling, and is depicted in early Chinese poetry as raucous and barbaric. The "guan" was developed after the "hujia" in the Tang Dynasty due to the flourishing music and art culture that were influenced by the silk road trade.

neg: Phragmites pipes as in bagpipes. The reed of the zurna is made from the common reed which is flattened after removing its brittle outer glaze and the loose inner membrane, and after softening it by wetting. The result is a double reed with an elliptical opening that vibrates by closing and opening at a high speed. This is not to be confused with other double reeds like that of the oboe which uses two reeds made from the giant reed leaning against each other. Numerous parts of "Phragmites" can be prepared for consumption. For example, the young stems "while still green

neg: Cor anglais played at the end of each episode of "The Sweeney". The instrument also features prominently in the theme music to the ITV productions of "Brideshead Revisited" and "The Chief". Paul McCartney holds a cor anglais on the album cover of "Sgt. Pepper's Lonely Hearts Club Band". The instrument also features in the 2005 film "" (referred to as an oboe). Cor anglais The cor anglais (, or original ; plural: "cors anglais") or English horn in North America, is a double-reed woodwind instrument in the oboe family. It is approximately one and a half times the length of an oboe.

neg: Pungi pungi is typically one to two feet in length Murli is a typical folk musical instrument. Murli musical instrument is mostly played by cobra charmers in Sindh Pakistan including Rajasthan. The Murli instrument is made from gourd. It is also mentioned as double-reed instrument. Murli is played by Jogi or Jogis in streets of every city, Thar desert and in whole Sindh yet. Murli is a typical musical instrument which is not only played by snake charmers but it is traditional musical instrument played by traditional or folk musicians with musical melodies. It is revealed that the lively instrumental music

neg: Cornamuse which is the French word for bagpipes. Cornamuse The cornamuse is a double reed instrument dating from the Renaissance period. It is similar to the crumhorn in having a windcap over the reed and cylindrical bore. In "Syntagma musicum" II (1619), Michael Praetorius writes: "Die CornaMuse sind gleich aus/und nicht mit doppelten/sondern mit einer einfachen Röhre/gleich den Bassanelli" ("The cornamuse are similar to/and do not have a double, but rather a single tube (bore)/like the bassanelli".) This statement differentiates it from double bore instruments of the period like the sordun, kortholt and curtal. Praetorius did not include a woodcut of

neg: Woodwind doubler the non-principal player in a section to double the common auxiliary instrument (e.g., 2nd flute and piccolo; 2nd oboe and English horn). In commercial work, including Hollywood film scores and—most notably—Broadway musicals, the practice gradually evolved, with some specialists developing great expertise with multiple members of three, four, or even all five of the woodwind families noted above. In such commercial work, players are paid an additional (percentage) premium for each additional double—but hiring four or five proficient "reed doublers" is still more cost-effective to the production than hiring numerous additional players. Even before 1940, Broadway reed players were commonly

neg: Diplica D, or F. Diplica The "diplica", or "diplice", is a single-reed instrument from the Balkans, which has been playing in different forms through many parts of Croatia, but now survives mainly in the Baranya region. Diplicas are double-clarinets. The widespread practice of playing wind instruments in pairs led to the development of the double, or even triple or quadruple, clarinets. Most were double clarinets, with two tubes of reed firmly tied or glued together in a parallel position where one of the tubes functions as a drone. Instruments of this kind can be traced back to approximately 2700 BCE in

neg: Diplica Diplica The "diplica", or "diplice", is a single-reed instrument from the Balkans, which has been playing in different forms through many parts of Croatia, but now survives mainly in the Baranya region. Diplicas are double-clarinets. The widespread practice of playing wind instruments in pairs led to the development of the double, or even triple or quadruple, clarinets. Most were double clarinets, with two tubes of reed firmly tied or glued together in a parallel position where one of the tubes functions as a drone. Instruments of this kind can be traced back to approximately 2700 BCE in Egypt, where they

neg: Dulcian the dulcian comes in many other sizes: tenor (in C), alto (in F or G) and soprano (in C). There are also examples of a "quart bass" dulcian in C and contrabass in F. The range of each instrument is two and a half octaves, centred on the range of the corresponding singing voice: for example, the bass ranges from C (two octaves below middle C), to G (the G above middle C). The reed on the dulcian is fully exposed, allowing the player to control the sound and intonation by embouchure. At the time it first appeared, other double

neg: Cornamuse Cornamuse The cornamuse is a double reed instrument dating from the Renaissance period. It is similar to the crumhorn in having a windcap over the reed and cylindrical bore. In "Syntagma musicum" II (1619), Michael Praetorius writes: "Die CornaMuse sind gleich aus/und nicht mit doppelten/sondern mit einer einfachen Röhre/gleich den Bassanelli" ("The cornamuse are similar to/and do not have a double, but rather a single tube (bore)/like the bassanelli".) This statement differentiates it from double bore instruments of the period like the sordun, kortholt and curtal. Praetorius did not include a woodcut of the cornamuse, but his depiction of the

neg: Gralla (instrument) Gralla (instrument) The gralla (), also known as grall de pastor, xaramita o xirimita, is a traditional Catalan double reed instrument in the shawm family. Like the dolçaina from Valencia – a very similar instrument that many experts consider a variety of the gralla – the gralla comes from the ancient xeremia a medieval instrument largely used until the Baroque. Probably, the name of the instrument comes from its strident sound similar to the sound of a Jackdaw native to Catalonia and northern Spain and also called 'Gralla' in Catalan. The gralla is also very popular because it is the

neg: Hujia Hujia Hujia (Chinese: 胡笳; Mongolian: 冒顿朝尔, or simply 朝尔) is a traditional Mongolian double reed instrument for Khoomei. The Eighteen Songs of a Nomad Flute was adapted from Hujia song in Han dynasty. The Hujia originated from an ancient nomadic people. It is now an important part of Chamber art among the Mongols together with Morin huur, Xinagan Chuur, Sihu, etc. The Hujia specifically originated from the peoples of north and west China. The instrument was not originally included in the eight-sounds classification system, however it gained popularity in China. According to Chinese traditions, Zhang Qian brought the instrument into

neg: Bassanello The fact that there is no thumbhole (like the shawm) also points to a conical bore instrument that overblows at the octave, with no need to extend the range upward by means of a thumbhole (as is seen on the crumhorn, sordun, and other cylindrical bore reed instruments.) The quiet timbre was apparently produced by a narrow conical bore without a terminal flare. Bassanello The Bassanello, pl. Bassanelli was a renaissance double reed woodwind instrument which was described in 1619 by Michael Praetorius in his "Syntagma Musicum II": Though Praetorius attributes the invention of bassanelli to Johann Bassanello (a.k.a. Giovanni

neg: Nadaswaram Nadaswaram The nadhaswaram, nagaswaram, or nathaswaram is a double reed wind instrument from South India. It is used as a traditional classical instrument in Tamilnadu, Andhra Pradesh, Karnataka, and Kerala. This instrument is "among the world's loudest non-brass acoustic instruments". It is a wind instrument similar to the North Indian "shehnai" but much longer, with a hardwood body and a large flaring bell made of wood or metal. In Tamil culture, the nadaswaram is considered to be very auspicious, and it is a key musical instrument played in almost all Hindu weddings and temples of the South Indian tradition. It

neg: Dulzaina Being a short-length instrument, it offers little resistance to air flow and therefore requires great pressure and a strong airflow. The reed used on the dolçaina is among the biggest and most resistant in the oboe family, meaning that great pressure must be applied so as to manipulate the sound. However, endurance may increase progressively if the piece features fewer high-pitched notes, more breaths, empty bars and less dynamics. Difficult accidentals should be avoided as much as possible. Dulzaina The dulzaina () or dolçaina (/) is a Spanish double reed instrument in the oboe family. It has a conical shape

neg: Turkish dance is a tradition, function of one of the zurnas is accompaniment, in other words, it accompanies the melody with a second constant tune. Apart from drum-zurna, a three-double string instrument baglama, reed, marrow bow etc. are used for fast zeybek dances. In particular, the traditional instrument of the teke (goat) dance region is reed. Turkish dance Turkish folk dances are the folk dances of Turkey. Facing three seas, straddling important trade routes, Turkey has a complex, sophisticated culture, reflected in the variety of its dances. The dominant dance forms are types of line dance. There are many different types of

neg: Ottu (instrument) The player holds the instrument in their left hand, sustaining the sound by inhaling through their nose, and with the right hand, beats on a drum strapped onto a belt. Ottu (instrument) The ottu (or otter) is a double reed wind instrument, used in Carnatic music of Southern India to provide a drone accompaniment to the similar nadaswaram oboe. Like the nadaswaram, the ottu is a large conical instrument, some two and a half feet long. Unlike the nadaswaram, the ottu has no fingerholes, being intended to produce one constant note while playing. It is provided with several small tuning

neg: Nadaswaram it while living in India. Vinny Golia, J. D. Parran, and William Parker have performed and recorded with the instrument. The German saxophonist Roland Schaeffer also plays it, having studied from 1981 to 1985 with Karupaia Pillai. Nadaswaram The nadhaswaram, nagaswaram, or nathaswaram is a double reed wind instrument from South India. It is used as a traditional classical instrument in Tamilnadu, Andhra Pradesh, Karnataka, and Kerala. This instrument is "among the world's loudest non-brass acoustic instruments". It is a wind instrument similar to the North Indian "shehnai" but much longer, with a hardwood body and a large flaring bell

neg: Bagpipes end on the player's leg, so that when the player "closes" (covers all the holes) the chanter becomes silent. A practice chanter is a chanter without bag or drones, allowing a player to practice the instrument quietly and with no variables other than playing the chanter. The term "chanter" is derived from the Latin "cantare", or "to sing", much like the modern French word "chanteur". The note from the chanter is produced by a reed installed at its top. The reed may be a single (a reed with one vibrating tongue) or double reed (of two pieces that vibrate against

neg: Duduk to the English horn than to more commonly known double reeds. Unlike other double reed instruments like the oboe or shawm, the duduk has a very large reed proportional to its size. UNESCO proclaimed the Armenian duduk and its music as a Masterpiece of the Intangible Heritage of Humanity in 2005 and inscribed it in 2008. Duduk music has been used in a number of films, most notably in "The Russia House" and "Gladiator". The word "dudka" in Slavic languages is a diminutive of "duda" and is of native Proto-Slavic origin. This instrument is not to be confused with the

neg: Mey (instrument) Mey (instrument) The Mey is a double-reed aerophone used in Turkish folk music. Its origins come from the Armenian Duduk. A Mey consists of three parts: Ana Gövde (main part), Kamış (reed) and Kıskaç (clip). There are many instruments similar to the Mey in Asia. These are called "Balaban", in Azerbaijan and Iran; "Yasti Balaban" in Dagestan; "Duduki" in Georgia; "Duduk" in Armenia; "Hichiriki" in Japan; "Piri" in Korea; "Guanzi" in China; and "Kamis Sirnay " in Kyrgyzstan. Musicologists like Farmer (1936: 316) and Picken (1975: 480) have suggested that ancient Mait, Monaulos, and Auloi present major resemblances with the

neg: Floodplain (Kronos Quartet album) on track 5), a scordatura violin (on track 8), the darbukka (on track 9), and the gusle and tapan (on track 12). Ramallah Underground provides "electronics" on track 2. On "Getme, Getme," the quartet is accompanied by the Alim Qasimov ensemble, an Azeri group whose bardic vocals are supported by daf and tar (a long neck stringed instrument), balaban (a double-reed wind instrument), kamancheh (a bowed string instrument), and nagara (a folk drum). The most unusual instrumentation is found on "Tèw semagn hagèré (Listen to Me, My Fellow Countrymen)," a song by Alèmu Aga, the Ethiopian singer and composer who

neg: Bass oboe family and the bass clarinet in that family: an instrument pitched an octave below the principal instrument of its genre. Early bass oboes were modeled after bassoons, with a boot joint and bocal (such as the Triebert's'instruments, which still had a bulb bell) and some holes drilled obliquely; later an enlarged English horn design was adopted. The concept of the bass oboe as an enlarged English horn survived, and the "hautbois baryton," redesigned by François Lorée, was introduced in 1889. Some confusion exists between the bass oboe and the Heckelphone, a double reed instrument of similar register introduced by the

neg: Overblowing Adam Gussow, Otavio Castro, Chris Michalek, Jason Ricci, and Carlos del Junco. In the case of the clarinet, the reed beats against its mouthpiece, opening and closing the instrument's cylindrical closed tube to produce a tone. When the instrument is overblown, with or without the aid of its register key, the pitch is a twelfth higher. In the case of a saxophone, which has a similar mouthpiece-reed combination to the clarinet, or an oboe, where double reeds beat against each other, the conical bore of these instruments gives their closed tube the properties of an open tube; when overblown, the