query: when did canopy growth go public in canada

pos: Canopy Growth Corporation the New York Stock Exchange on May 24, 2018, as the first cannabis producer on the NYSE. On October 17, 2018 — marijuana became legal in Canada for recreational use . Bruce Linton was in St. John's, Newfoundland and sold the first legal gram of cannabis in the country. Until then, cannabis was only legal for medical purposes; growers were licensed by Health Canada under the Access to Cannabis for Medical Purposes Regulations (ACMPR). The company was described as "Canada's first cannabis unicorn with a $1 billion dollar valuation" by the Financial Post news organization in November 2016. The company

pos: Canopy Growth Corporation the New York Stock Exchange on May 24, 2018, as the first cannabis producer on the NYSE. On October 17, 2018 — marijuana became legal in Canada for recreational use . Bruce Linton was in St. John's, Newfoundland and sold the first legal gram of cannabis in the country. Until then, cannabis was only legal for medical purposes; growers were licensed by Health Canada under the Access to Cannabis for Medical Purposes Regulations (ACMPR). The company was described as "Canada's first cannabis unicorn with a $1 billion dollar valuation" by the Financial Post news organization in November 2016. The company

neg: Cannabis in Canada indicated a consensus rating of Buy in early December 2016. In August 2018, Constellation Brands announced that it would invest an additional US$4 billion in Canopy Growth Corporation in advance of the legalization of recreational marijuana. The investment will increase its share in the company from 9.9% to 38%. Canopy Growth president Bruce Linton said the additional funds would be used for international expansion and that future marketing plans included products such as cannabis-infused beverages and sleep aids. After the Constellation deal was announced, the market value of Canopy Growth rose to nearly US$12 billion, roughly $3.7 billion greater than

neg: Canopy Growth Corporation in 2018. Legislation to legalize cannabis for recreational use was approved by the House of Commons of Canada in November 2017; the Senate of Canada was expected to vote on the Cannabis Act (Bill C-45) on June 7, 2018. Actual sales to casual users was likely to commence in January 2018. On January 27, 2017, Canopy and Mettrum Health Corp. announced the takeover of Mettrum by Canopy. The deal was awaiting approval by the Ontario Superior Court of Justice. At around the same time the deal had closed, Canopy completed the purchase of the entire former Hershey's chocolate factory, adding

neg: Cannabis in Canada federal government was Canopy Growth Corporation of Smiths Falls, Ontario; the company was renamed from Tweed Marijuana Inc. in September 2015 after it purchased competitor Bedrocan. Subsequent acquisitions for this corporation included Vert Medical, the German cannabis distributor MedCann, and a majority interest in Quebec's Groupe H.E.M.P.CA Inc. In early December 2016, Canopy announced a friendly takeover bid of another Canadian producer, Mettrum Health (CVE:MT), in anticipation of an expanding market after marijuana is legalized for recreational purposes in 2017. In addition to sales in the domestic market, Canopy Growth began selling medical cannabis products in Germany and Brazil in

neg: Canopy Growth Corporation 50 percent more production space at that location. The takeover of Mettrum has resulted in "the creation of a world-leading diversified cannabis company with six licensed facilities and a licensed production footprint of approximately 665,000 sq. ft. with significant acreage for expansion". On Feb, 21, 2018 – Canopy Growth Corporation and Sunniva Inc., a North American provider of medical cannabis products and services, announced a definitive supply agreement, whereby Sunniva, through its wholly owned subsidiary in Canada, Sunniva Medical Inc., committed to sell Canopy 45,000 kilograms of premium quality cannabis annually over an initial two-year period commencing in calendar Q1

neg: Cannabis in Canada is legalized. When the year end report was released, Canopy Growth's share price fell seven percent to $12.09 on the Toronto Stock Exchange (ticker WEED). The December 2016 year end report indicated a profit for the first time in the company's history (3 million in net income). Previously, Canopy Growth had been operating at a loss ($3.3 million in 2015, for example), partly because it was using funds to acquire competitors in preparation for significantly increased cannabis demand by the recreational use market expected to commence in early 2018. In early December 2016, Reuters' survey of four market analysts had

neg: Old-growth forest light competition by less important tree species does not inhibit the regrowth of vital hardwoods. From a forest dynamics perspective, old-growth forest is in a stage that follows understory reinitiation stage. A review of the stages helps to understand the concept: Of importance is that while the stand switches from one tree community to another, the stand will not necessarily go through old-growth stage between those stages. Some tree species have relatively open canopy. That allows more shade-tolerant tree species to establish below even before understory reinitiation stage. The shade-tolerant trees eventually outcompete the main canopy trees in stem-exclusion stage.

neg: Medical cannabis several European countries, Canada, and New Zealand as of 2013. As of 2018, medical marijuana in Canada is being legally distributed to registered patients in bud, drops and capsule forms by such companies as Canopy Growth Corp. and Aurora Cannabis. As an antiemetic, these medications are usually used when conventional treatment for nausea and vomiting associated with cancer chemotherapy fail to work. Nabiximols is used for treatment of spasticity associated with MS when other therapies have not worked, and when an initial trial demonstrates "meaningful improvement". Trials for FDA approval in the US are underway. It is also approved in

neg: Cannabis in Canada should go anywhere near it," he warned. The promise of legalization boosted the price of shares in companies such as Aurora Cannabis Inc. (ACB.TO), Canopy Growth Corp. (WEED.TO 2.00%), Aphria Inc. (APH.TO), VIVO Cannabis (VIVO-V.TO) and MedReleaf Corp. (LEAF.TO) in November and December 2017. A market analyst explained that the confidence was based on the fact that legal marijuana will not be more expensive, with tax included, than the black market product; this should ensure a sizeable market for producers. Advertising will probably be used to boost sales. The federal task force had recommended that restrictions on ad content should

neg: Canopy Growth Corporation Business Journal. In addition to operations in Canada, Canopy Growth has a partnership agreement in Spain with pharma company Alcaliber S.A., owns a subsidiary in Germany that imports medical cannabis, Spektrum Cannabis GmbH, and has a partnership with Spectrum Cannabis Denmark ApS, a medical cannabis grower. The company is also involved in the business in Jamaica, Chile and Brazil, as well as in Australia. In 2018, the company acquired Annabis Medical, a distributor in the Czech Republic, and medical marijuana supplier Daddy Cann Lesotho in Africa. Subsequent acquisitions for this corporation included Vert Medical, the German cannabis distributor MedCann (now

neg: Smiths Falls was temporarily closed due to a case of possible salmonella contamination. Other former large manufacturers include RCA Victor (closed circa 1980), Frost and Wood / Cockshutt and Stanley Tools (2008). In 2014, the former Hershey facility was purchased by medical marijuana company Tweed Marijuana Inc, now known as publicly traded company Canopy Growth Corporation (TSE:WEED). The town has been cited as the "Pot Capital of Canada". Over 750 jobs have been created by Canopy Growth which has revitalized the town's economy after the departure of the Hershey factory and the closure of Rideau Regional Centre.. Investment by Constellation Brands of

neg: Constellation Brands business. In August 2018, the company announced that it would invest an additional US$4 billion in Canopy Growth Corporation in advance of the legalization of recreational Cannabis in Canada which will commence on Oct. 17, 2018. The investment will increase its share in the Canadian Company to 38%. Canopy Growth president Bruce Linton said the additional funds would be used for international expansion and that future marketing plans included products such as cannabis-infused beverages and sleep aids. In 2010, a French court in Carcassonne, France, convicted 12 wine traders and producers for selling fake Pinot noir wine to buyers in

neg: Cannabis in Canada billion (US$3.8 billion) in Canopy Growth. After the Constellation deal, the market value of Canopy Growth rose to US$11 billion. On 20 September 2018, Tilray Inc. (TLRY:US on NASDAQ) of Nanaimo, a subsidiary or Privateer Holdings, became the world's largest cannabis company in terms of market capitalization, although 2017 revenue was only US$20 million. However, the share price dropped significantly over the next few days, reducing Tilray's market cap to about US$10 billion vs. the earlier $19+ billion value. In mid-September, Tilray, Inc. of Nanaimo, a subsidiary of Privateer Holdings became the most valuable cannabis company in the world for

neg: Canopy Growth Corporation 2019. As of late May 2018, the company had eight grow sites, in seven countries, with total capacity above 2.4 million square feet. Canopy Growth Corporation Canopy Growth Corporation, formerly Tweed Marijuana Inc., is a cannabis company based in Smiths Falls, Ontario, founded by Bruce Linton in 2013, renamed Canopy Growth Corporation in 2015. As of late September 2018, Canopy was the world's largest cannabis company, based on the value of all shares, or market capitalization. A Carleton University grad, Bruce Linton took is Founder, Chairman and Co-CEO . Mark Zekulin is Co-CEO and President. The company was the first

neg: Canopy Growth Corporation Canopy Growth Corporation Canopy Growth Corporation, formerly Tweed Marijuana Inc., is a cannabis company based in Smiths Falls, Ontario, founded by Bruce Linton in 2013, renamed Canopy Growth Corporation in 2015. As of late September 2018, Canopy was the world's largest cannabis company, based on the value of all shares, or market capitalization. A Carleton University grad, Bruce Linton took is Founder, Chairman and Co-CEO . Mark Zekulin is Co-CEO and President. The company was the first federally regulated, publicly traded cannabis producer in North America, traded on the Toronto Stock Exchange as "WEED". It began trading as "CGC" on

neg: Tree height measurement Underestimations of the true tree heights of individual trees were found for some of the tall tree locations located on the LiDAR maps and was attributed to the failure of the LiDAR at that resolution does not seem to detect all twigs in a forest canopy. They write: "In addition to using LiDAR to locate tall trees, there is great promise for using LiDAR to locate old-growth forests. When comparing known old-growth sites to second-growth in LiDAR, old-growth has a much more textured canopy because of the frequent and often remarkably evenly spaced tree fall gaps. Finding equations that can

neg: Beriev MBR-7 to a fixed forward-firing machine gun, the observer/gunner sat underneath a glazed canopy. The observers canopy slid forward to access a pintle-mounted ShKAS machine-gun. It had an excellent performance but due to the lack of supply of Klimov engines the decision was made to continue building the MBR-2 and the MBR-7 did not go into production. Beriev MBR-7 The Beriev MBR-7 (sometimes Beriev MS-8) was a Soviet short-range reconnaissance/bomber flying boat developed by the Beriev design bureau at Taganrog. Designed as a successor to the MBR-2 but it did not go into production due to lack of engines. The MBR-7

neg: Egeria densa it reaches the surface of the water, where it will begin to spread out, creating a thick flower canopy that blocks light from reaching plants below it. It is dioecious, with male and female flowers on separate plants; the flowers are diameter, with three broad, rounded, white petals, long on male plants, and long on female plants. "Egeria densa" typically displays little variation in growth patterns throughout the year when grown in tropical environments; however, when grown in more moderate environments the plant spends most of its energy on starch production and storage in the winter and canopy growth during

neg: Atlantic (period) a relatively short period. The treelines on northern mountains rose by 600 to 900 m (2000–3000 feet). Thermophilous ("heat-loving") species migrated northward. They did not replace the species that were there, but shifted the percentages in their favor. Across middle Europe, the boreal forests were replaced by climax or "old growth" deciduous ones, which, though providing a denser canopy, were more open at the base. The dense canopy theory, however, has been questioned recently by F. Vera. Oak and hazel require more light than is allowed by the dense canopy. Vera hypothesizes that the lowlands were more open and that

neg: Erioderma pedicellatum and moist oceanic climates and an open canopy, and it deteriorates rapidly on dead trees, or if habitat succession occurs that reduces or increases light availability. Altered microclimatic conditions caused by extensive logging nearby to the lichen also cause it to deteriorate. Old growth balsam fir forests in wet areas of eastern Canada regenerate by gap replacement, which creates a mosaic of forest stands of different ages while maintaining a full or partial canopy for millennia. As a result, these forests can support a unique biota, including "Erioderma pedicellatum". It appears that this mosaic of forest stands of different ages

neg: Hiku Brands Smoke cafes and one DOJA cafe across Ontario, Alberta and British Columbia. In February 2018 it was licensed to sell cannabis in Canada. It grows cannabis in the Okanagan Valley and is licensed to produce per year. In March 2018, Hiku announced a partnership with Vitalis Extraction Technology Inc. to construct an oil extraction facility in Kelowna. On July 10, 2018, cannabis producer Canopy Growth Corp. announced the acquisition of Hiku Brands Ltd., including their portfolio brands consisting of licensed producer DOJA, women-focused Van der Pop, Quebec-based Maïtri and coffee shop chain Tokyo Smoke. "Hiku equals brands. Canopy is built

neg: Great Bear Rainforest Great Bear Rainforest The Great Bear Rainforest (also known as the Central and North Coast forest) is a temperate rain forest on the Pacific coast of British Columbia, Canada comprising 6.4 million hectares. It is part of the larger Pacific temperate rainforest ecoregion, which is the largest coastal temperate rainforest in the world. The Great Bear Rainforest was officially recognized by the Government of British Columbia in February 2016, when it announced an agreement to permanently protect 85% of the old-growth forested area from industrial logging. The forest was admitted to the Queen's Commonwealth Canopy in September of the same

neg: Tsuga heterophylla the canopy of other conifers such as Sitka spruce or Douglas-fir, where they can persist for decades waiting to exploit a gap in the canopy. They eventually replace these conifers, which are relatively shade-intolerant, in climax forest. However, storms and wildfires will create larger openings in the forest where these other species can then regenerate. Initial growth is slow; one-year-old seedlings are commonly only tall, and two-year-old seedlings tall. Once established, saplings in full light may have an average growth rate of (rarely ) annually until they are tall, and in good conditions still annually when tall. The tallest specimen,

neg: Canopy Growth Corporation Spektrum Cannabis) and a majority interest in Quebec's Groupe H.E.M.P.CA Inc. In early December 2016, Canopy Growth Corp. announced a friendly takeover bid of another licensed Ontario-based producer, Mettrum Health (CVE:MT). The deal, pending the approval of Mettrum's board, was closed in January 2017. In addition to sales in the domestic market, Canopy Growth began selling medical cannabis products in Germany and Brazil in 2016. However, the company was operating at a loss, presumably because of the significant expenditures it was making to acquire competitors in preparation for significantly increased cannabis demand by the recreational use market expected to commence

neg: Canopy Growth Corporation billion) in Canopy Growth, giving it a 38% interest in the company, up from the previous 10%. President Bruce Linton said the additional funds would be used for international expansion wherever federal laws allow it. Future marketing plans include products such as cannabis-infused beverages and sleep aids. After the Constellation deal was announced, the market value of Canopy Growth rose to nearly US$12 billion. In November, the $5 billion Constellation agreement closed. By October 5, 2018, the company's market capitalization exceeded US$14 billion and Linton was named 2018 CEO of the Year by the Ottawa Board of Trade and Ottawa

neg: Japanese serow forests create areas of rapid herbaceous growth ideal for herbivores, who see population increases. The situation is temporary, though, and after regrowth of trees leads to the forest canopy closing over after 15–20 years, the herbivore populations are displaced as the herbaceous growth ceases to flourish. In the 1990s, as the number of young plantations decreased, so did forestry damage from serows. Concern instead turned to damage caused by sika deer, wild boars, and Japanese macaques. In Kyushu in particular, increased grazing and browsing competition from sika deer may be slowing growth of serow populations. Labelled a "living national treasure

neg: Go Topless Day Go Topless Canada, "This is not a beauty contest. It is about freedom. We have support; there are many men who come to our events too." Women in Canada won the right to bare their breasts in public in 1996 when the Ontario Court of Appeal overturned the 1991 conviction of Gwen Jacob, saying "there was nothing degrading or dehumanizing" about her decision to take off her shirt in public." In 2011, topless women congregated in Bryant Park in New York City on Go Topless Day, while men mostly observed. 30 cities held demonstrations in the US. In 2013, Go

neg: Pinot noir require diligent canopy management. The thin skins and low levels of phenolic compounds lends pinot to producing mostly lightly colored, medium bodied and low tannin wines that can often go through phases of uneven and unpredictable aging. When young, wines made from pinot noir tend to have red fruit aromas of cherries, raspberries and strawberries. As the wine ages, pinot has the potential to develop more vegetal and "barnyard" aromas that can contribute to the complexity of the wine. Pinot noir's home is France's Burgundy region, particularly in Côte-d'Or. It is also planted in Argentina, Australia, Austria, Bulgaria, Canada, Chile,

neg: Frontier Centre for Public Policy Frontier Centre for Public Policy The Frontier Centre for Public Policy (FCPP) is a Canadian public policy think tank with offices in Alberta, Saskatchewan, and Manitoba. According to the "2014 Global Go To Think Tank Index Report" (Think Tanks and Civil Societies Program, University of Pennsylvania), FCPP is number 23 (of 30) of the "Top Think Tanks in Mexico and Canada". The Frontier Centre is a non-partisan think tank, founded to undertake research and education projects in support of economic growth and social outcomes that enhance quality of life. Despite this, the group's views have been interpreted by some as

neg: Pseudotsuga menziesii var. menziesii intolerant of deep shade and rarely survive for long within the shaded understory. When a tree dies in a mature forest the canopy opens up and sunlight becomes available as a source of energy for new growth. The shade-tolerant western hemlock and western redcedar seedlings that establish beneath the canopy have a head-start on other seedlings. This competitive advantage allows western hemlock to rapidly fill the canopy gap, pre-empting other species that may invade, including Douglas-fir. Long-term forest dynamics plots show that the annual mortality of large Douglas-fir is only about 1%. Thus, over centuries, western hemlock and western redcedar

neg: Lincoln Park (Seattle) with its old growth canopy, is a major migratory destination for many species of birds and water fowl, and provides critical nesting habitat during mating season for bald eagles, owls and many other birds. It is also home to over 300 species of birds, many of them year-round residents. As an urban sanctuary and preserve, Lincoln Park is highly unusual due to its old-growth forest, relatively well conserved natural undergrowth, and ease of access. Over the course of a given year, thousands of hours of volunteer effort go into maintaining this sanctuary for the use by all as a respite

neg: Bank of Hamilton would run into further difficulties when its headquarters burned down; however, the bank would go on to thrive. On July 29, 1896 the Bank of Hamilton's first Winnipeg branch opened. By December 1898, six more branches were opened in Manitoba. This marked the beginning of two decades of explosive growth in the West. In total, between 1898 and 1910, the Bank of Hamilton would go on to open 128 branches throughout Ontario and Western Canada. By 1928, this number had grown to 152 branches. Like the other Canadian chartered banks, it issued its own paper money. The Bank of Canada

neg: Chloe Merrick Reed 3. Their mother died when Chloe was young and the family moved into the city. With growth after the completion of the Erie Canal through the Mohawk Valley, the city offered many opportunities. She and her brothers were influenced by the abolitionist movement, which strengthened from the 1840s, and growing support for women's suffrage and rights. Her brothers resisted the Fugitive Slave Act of 1850, taking part in freeing a fugitive slave from court to gain him freedom in Canada. Chloe Merrick taught in Syracuse public schools from 1854 to 1856, and 1860 to 1862, as did her sister Emma

neg: Griselinia littoralis over fifty years. There are three phases of the forest growth cycle: the gap phase, the building phase, and the mature phase. It is easier to tell from these three phases. The diameter grow faster during the gap and building phase (0.31cm per year) that the leaves become bigger and bigger to absorb the sunlight to do photosynthesis than mature phase (just 0.19cm per year). Broadleaf grow very quickly in building phase than other phases. The gap phase is the period when the colonization forming by the canopy opening. The building phase is the period when the seeding attain canopy

neg: Gap dynamics gap size was calculated as the area of an ellipse, the major axis of which was the longest line that could be run from canopy edge to canopy edge inside the gap, and the minor axis was the longest line that could be run from canopy edge perpendicular to the long line. Seedlings were planted in gaps and in the undisturbed and clearcut treatment units. There were strong and consistent trends in growth response among the seedlings as gap size increased. In all species, growth increased rapidly from small single-tree gaps to about 1000 m, but thereafter, there was little

neg: Alectoria sarmentosa is commonly associated with old growth forests in these regions. This lichen is very dependent on forest structure (Canopy height cover and composition), edge characteristics and climate. It dominates canopy gaps edges, where sunlight reaches the lower to mid levels of the forest canopy. In these areas of old growth "A. sarmentosa" grows on bark and wood; found pendulously draped over branches of conifer trees, hardwood trees and deciduous shrubs. It is rarely found growing on rock or mosses over rock. It is sSometimes seen on ground due to fragmentation by wind. Species of "Alectoria" include "Alectoria fallacina", "Alectoria imshaugii",

neg: SCO–Linux disputes management of SCO held shares of Canopy. The two parties became embroiled in a bitter dispute when the Noorda family sought to oust board member Ralph Yarro III on claims of misappropriation. With internal problems not made public (which included the suicides of Canopy's director of information systems, Robert Penrose, and Val Kriedel, the daughter of Ray Noorda), the Canopy Group agreed to buy back all the shares that SCO had in Canopy in exchange for their SCO shares and cash. SCO and Canopy Group are now mostly independent, though SCO continues to rent their Utah office space from Canopy.

neg: Tropical rainforest inhabit this layer such as the crowned eagle ("Stephanoaetus coronatus"), the king colobus ("Colobus polykomos"), and the large flying fox ("Pteropus vampyrus"). However, stratification is not always clear. Rainforests are dynamic and many changes affect the structure of the forest. Emergent or canopy trees collapse, for example, causing gaps to form. Openings in the forest canopy are widely recognized as important for the establishment and growth of rainforest trees. It’s estimated that perhaps 75% of the tree species at La Selva Biological Station, Costa Rica are dependent on canopy opening for seed germination or for growth beyond sapling size, for

neg: Canopy (biology) found in other layers of forests. The highest terrestrial biodiversity resides in the canopy of tropical rainforests. Many rainforest animals have evolved to live solely in the canopy, and never touch the ground. The canopy of a rainforest is typically about 10m thick, and intercepts around 95% of sunlight. The canopy is below the emergent layer, a sparse layer of very tall trees, typically one or two per hectare. With an abundance of water and a near ideal temperature in rainforests, light and nutrients are two factors that limit tree growth from the understory to the canopy. In the permaculture

neg: Growth in a Time of Debt we identified coding errors, selective exclusion of available data, and unconventional weighting of summary statistics." Using RR's working spreadsheet, but correcting for the claimed errors, HAP found:When properly calculated, the average real GDP growth rate for countries carrying a public-debt-to-GDP ratio of over 90 percent is actually 2.2 percent, not −0.1 percent as published in Reinhart and Rogoff. That is, contrary to RR, average GDP growth at public debt/GDP ratios over 90 percent is not dramatically different than when debt/GDP ratios are lower. HAP also concluded that the sample was biased, claiming that RR selectively omitted data for Australia, Canada,

neg: Marbled murrelet From southeast Alaska southward, marbled murrelets use mature or old-growth forest stands near the coastline for nesting. These forests are generally characterized by large trees (>32 inches [80 cm] diameter at breast height (d.b.h.)), a multistoried canopy, moderate to high canopy closure or an open crown canopy, large snags, and numerous downed snags in all stages of decay. Marbled murrelets tend to nest in the oldest trees in the stand. In Oregon, forests begin to exhibit old-growth characteristics at about 175 to 250 years of age. Moss, on which marbled murrelets nest, forms on the limbs of Douglas-fir that are

neg: Eusideroxylon zwageri and on hillsides and even on low ridges when soil moisture is sufficient at elevations between sea level and 625 m. The standing timber volume of trees with a diameter of over 50 cm may be as much as 90-112 m3. "Eusideroxylon zwageri" has a very slow growth rate of mean radial growth of 0.058 cm per year. It is a canopy species in primary forests. The species is considered unsuitable for large-scale plantations due to slow growth and inadequate seed and seedling supply. Manual selection of trees in natural forests is common. The heartwood when cut is coloured light

neg: SCO–Linux disputes Capital, a private hedge fund which had arranged for $50M in funding for SCO in October 2003, was asking for its $20M back. The remainder of the $50M was from Royal Bank of Canada. SCO stated in their press release that they believed that BayStar did not have grounds for making this demand. On August 27, 2004, SCO and BayStar resolved their dispute. The Canopy Group is an investment group with shares in a trust of different companies. It is a group owned by the Noorda family, also founders of Novell. Until February 2005, Canopy held SCO shares, and the

neg: Annual growth cycle of grapevines the use of viticultural practices like canopy management, irrigation, vine training and the use of agrochemicals. The stages of the annual growth cycle usually become observable within the first year of a vine's life. The amount of time spent at each stage of the growth cycle depends on a number of factors-most notably the type of climate (warm or cool) and the characteristics of the grape variety. The grape starts its annual growth cycle in the spring with bud break. In the Northern Hemisphere, this stage begins around March while in the Southern Hemisphere it begins around September when daily

neg: Understory provides favorable habitats for many animals and plants. The understory is the underlying layer of vegetation in a forest or wooded area, especially the trees and shrubs growing between the forest canopy and the forest floor. Plants in the understory comprise an assortment of seedlings and saplings of canopy trees together with specialist understory shrubs and herbs. Young canopy trees often persist in the understory for decades as suppressed juveniles until an opening in the forest overstory permits their growth into the canopy. In contrast understory shrubs complete their life cycles in the shade of the forest canopy. Some smaller

neg: Quercus macrocarpa tree that presents the rings is made up of xylem. The xylem is darker when it is more packed together. This occurs in colder and dryer weather. The lighter part of the ring occurs during an ample growth period which includes warm and more wet weather. Bur oak typically grows in the open, away from forest canopy. For this reason, it is an important tree on the eastern prairies, often found near waterways in otherwise more forested areas, where there is a break in the canopy. It is drought resistant, possibly because of its long taproot. At the end of

neg: Vine training to grow upwards until about 2 to 3 weeks before harvest when they are then shifted downwards where the weight of gravity on the hanging grape clusters helps keep the canes pointing down. The leafy foliage of a grapevine's canopy will be dependent on the particular grape variety and its propensity for vigorous growth. These leaves emerge from shoots on the fruiting cane in a manner similar to the grape clusters themselves. A vine is described as "vigorous" if it has a propensity to produce many shoots that are outwardly observable as a large, leafy canopy. The ability of the

neg: Growth Plan for the Greater Golden Horseshoe designated areas throughout the Oak Ridges Moraine. While this partially addressed the smart growth goal of ecological preservation, it failed to enact any controls on urban expansion in others areas throughout the GGH or address concerns over preservation of prime agricultural lands outside the Moraine. This lack of commitment did not go unnoticed during campaigns for the 2003 provincial election. The Strong Communities platform of the Liberal Party of Ontario was formulated in "direct response to both public and expert pressures to combat the economic, social, and environmental problems associated with suburban expansion." (Eidelman 2010, p. 1214) It promised the

neg: Public drinking in Ontario liquor consumption, offering more liquor control by local option. Later, under heavy demand from the national temperance convention in Montreal in 1875, the Supreme Court ruled in 1877 that Parliament could act on temperance issues through the Government's responsibility for trade and commerce under the constitution. In 1878, the federal government enacted the Canada Temperance Act, or Scott Act, which gave every part of the Dominion of Canada to use local option, which did not satisfy temperance activists lobbying for complete country-wide prohibition. Regardless, temperance activists did not go unchallenged; an attempt to shut down all taverns in Toronto in

neg: Tiny hawk secretive species and easily overlooked. It generally hunts from a perch, located anywhere from the undergrowth to the canopy, though most often in the middle story. When hunting in low growth, it often flashes from one perch to another in rapid succession. It is a fast flier; instead of the typical flap-flap-glide cadence of the accipiters, it makes a few quick flaps and then briefly closes its wings before flapping again. Tiny hawks occasionally soar above the forest canopy. Like all accipiters, the tiny hawk feeds primarily on birds. It hunts hummingbirds and small passerines, typically darting out from a

neg: Dayak fruit bat skull size, averaging less than 36.1 mm from the premaxilla to the base of the skull. It has a proportionally wide skull, however, when compared to the other bats in the genus. The dayak bat is frugivorous, feeding on fruits from trees extending into or past the canopy of the forests of Malaysia. Figs are a staple of its diet, as are whatever fruits are seasonally available in the high canopy. "D. spadiceus" seems to prefer the fruits of old-growth Paleotropical rainforest, or montane rainforest. This makes them particularly susceptible to deforestation. Frugivorous bats are one of the main agents

neg: Pseudotsuga menziesii var. menziesii will come to dominate the canopy. Douglas-fir is a seral species in the wet forests of western British Columbia, Washington, Oregon, and California. In these areas it requires a large disturbance, such as fire or a large landslide, to open the forest and expose mineral soil where its seedlings prefer to establish. It has a faster growth rate than most other trees, giving the Douglas-fir a competitive advantage when it overtops slower growing species during re-establishment of the canopy. The tree ring ages of dominant Douglas-fir trees can indicate the date of the last stand-replacing fire. Because Douglas-fir is long-lived,

neg: U.S.–Canada Team Tournament (go) in the Second U.S.-Canada Team Tournament, which was held in 2009. The winner of each game is depicted in bold. Cathy Li did not need to present until team Canada won the tournament. USA 1:1 Canada (2009) USA 7:8 Canada (2011) U.S.–Canada Team Tournament (go) The U.S.–Canada Team Tournament is an internet-hosted series of team Go matches, pitting strong Dan Go players from the United States versus Canadian counterparts. The tournament is held in the "USA vs Canada Team Tournament" room of the KGS Go Server, and has been held since 2007. Time limits are one hour of main time,

neg: Aldergrove, British Columbia Aldergrove, British Columbia Aldergrove is a community in the Township of Langley within British Columbia, Canada, approximately east of Vancouver. The community is urban in nature and, although not incorporated as a town, is often referred to as one. This is a predominantly agricultural area, with crops including medical cannabis, grown by Canopy Growth Corporation, in the Agricultural Land Reserve (British Columbia) area. This grow operation is the largest federally licensed cannabis facility in the world, with 400,000 sq. ft. of growing space and may eventually reach 1.3 million sq. ft. Aldergrove is located at the southeastern edge of both

neg: American redstart in sheer density within appropriate range. Their breeding is in North America, spanning southern Canada and the eastern United States. They are migratory, wintering in Central America, the West Indies, and northern South America, and are very rare vagrants to western Europe. During the breeding season, the redstart inhabits open-canopy, mostly deciduous forests, second growth, and forest edges. It is insectivorous, often sharing its foraging habitats with other warblers, and is found feeding in the mid to lower regions of a tree or shrub. A wide range of habitats are occupied during migration, including many shrubby areas. On its wintering

neg: Wikileaf and then all the marijuana dispensaries within his/her radius put forth the most amount (in grams) they can at this price point. Wikileaf was acquired by Nesta Holding Co. Ltd. on May 2, 2016 for an undisclosed sum. Nesta.Co is private equity firm located in Ottawa, Canada that builds partnerships and brands within the cannabis community. It was founded in 2015 by Chuck Rifici, co-founder and former CEO of Canopy Growth Corporation (formerly Tweed Marijuana Inc.). Wikileaf was founded in 2014 by Dan Nelson. Dan had previously been a financial and banking blogger before starting Wikileaf.com. The idea to create

neg: Paul Martin as finance minister, Martin made huge budget cuts that almost ground economic growth to a halt, scaling down government to 1951 levels. In 1994–96, when these cuts were made, economic growth decreased by 3.5 percentage points, according to a study by CIBC-Wood Gundy. The resulting loss in tax revenue almost eliminated the savings made by the cuts and turned the economy away from the public sector toward the private sector. The cuts endangered the provinces' abilities to pay for social programs, health care, and public infrastructure. In response, the Bank of Canada lowered interest rates to avoid contributing to a

neg: John Braham (RAF officer) flying the Avro Canada CF-100. While there he was involved in a mid-air collision, losing a wing and unable to jettison the canopy. He ejected through the canopy, parachuting to safety but sustaining back and head injuries. In the summer 1960, the family moved to Paris, when he was appointed senior officer at Supreme Headquarters Allied Powers in Europe (SHAPE). Braham flew when he could. He would patrol the skies over Belgium, West Germany and Luxembourg in variants of the Lockheed F-104 Starfighter and English Electric Lightning. His tenure at SHAPE ended in 1964. In 1961 he accepted an invitation

neg: Canada–Latin America relations the Future" (otherwise known as the 'Third Option Paper'), which reaffirmed the tenets of "Foreign Policy for Canadians", but considered U.S.-Canada relations in greater detail. Sharp's paper advocated the growth of Canadian economic, political and cultural 'distinctiveness', but did not encourage alienation from America. Ultimately, Sharp's ideas had a profound and lasting effect on Canadian policy and were central to the outward growth of Canada in the international sphere for many years. By and large, the 1970s represented a period of growth in Canada–Latin America relations that produced episodes of incredible significance and garnered tremendous potential for future relations. Importantly,

neg: Operation Canopy Operation Canopy Operation Canopy (OP Canopy) was the Canadian Forces (CF) participation in Canada efforts to help the residents of Kashechewan, Ontario during an evacuation of the community in late 2005. Military personnel flew to Kashechewan to supplement local water treatment facilities. Media reports indicated 138 military personnel participated in OP Canopy, including: The detachment arrived in Kashechewan on October 30, 2005 and, according to media reports, was producing treated water from raw water obtained from the Albany River within 12 hours of arrival. OP Canopy continued until December 16, 2005. The mission produced enough potable water to meet the

neg: Transcendental Meditation technique in the USA with similar growth occurring in Germany, Canada and Britain. The Maharishi International University was established in 1973 in the USA and began offering accredited, degree programs. In 1977 courses in Transcendental Meditation and the Science of Creative Intelligence (SCI) were legally prohibited from New Jersey (USA) public high schools on religious grounds by virtue of the Establishment Clause of the First Amendment. This "dismantled" the TM program's use of government funding in U.S. public schools "but did not constitute a negative evaluation of the program itself". Since 1979, schools that incorporate the Transcendental Meditation technique using private,

neg: Sustainable transport were considered essential to underpin growth and prosperity. Transport planning became a branch of Urban Planning and identified induced demand as a pivotal change from "predict and provide" toward a sustainable approach incorporating land use planning and public transit. Public investment in transit, walking and cycling declined dramatically in the United States, Great Britain and Australia, although this did not occur to the same extent in Canada or mainland Europe. Concerns about the sustainability of this approach became widespread during the 1973 oil crisis and the 1979 energy crisis. The high cost and limited availability of fuel led to a

neg: Cannabis in Canada that of the closest competitor Aurora Cannabis. Earlier in 2018, the second largest producer, Aurora Cannabis, bought competitor CanniMed in advance of the anticipated growth in the market and announced a plan to acquire MedReleaf. It would have distribution agreements in a number of countries, including Germany, Italy, Brazil, and Australia. By late September, Tilray, Inc. of Nanaimo, a subsidiary of Privateer Holdings had reached a market capitalization about US$10 billion making it the third largest cannabis company in the world, after Canopy and Aurora. Under the "Cannabis Act" passed in 2018, only producers licensed by the government are allowed

neg: Aurora Cannabis The value of the new company could be as high as $7 billion, making it substantially larger than Canopy Growth Corporation with its market cap of $6.45 billion. It would have distribution agreements in a number of countries, including Germany, Italy, Brazil and Australia. Aurora has three operational facilities in Canada (Aurora Sky, Aurora Vie, and Aurora Mountain) plus two new facilities projected to be operational by the end of 2018, including a 1,000,000 square foot facility under construction in Odense, Denmark. Aurora Mountain was Aurora's first facility, completed in 2015. It is a 55,200-square-foot production facility in Mountain View

neg: Aurora Cannabis Biopharma (a late-stage ACMPR applicant in Quebec) By April 2018, the company had a market value of C$4.5 billion; revenue in 2017 totaled C$31.1 million. At the time, the company was concluding its takeover merger of previous competitor CanniMed Therapeutics. The takeover was finalized in January 2018, based on a C$1.1 billion deal. The subsequent plan to purchase MedReleaf was expected to make the company the largest in Canada with market capitalization of approximately $7 billion. Competitor Canopy Growth Corporation's market value exceeded that amount by $3.7 billion however after a partial takeover by Constellation Brands was announced in late

neg: Cannabis in Canada "artisans of the industry" who will experiment with strains, increase variety, and produce a quality product that it can sell at a premium. At times in 2016, and in 2017, the stock prices of some producers increased significantly as retail investors became more bullish on this segment of the market but then dropped at a later date. Between September and mid-November 2017, the typical stock cannabis producer's value increased by 54%, according to Vahan Ajamian of Beacon Securities Ltd. The share price of Canopy Growth, for example, more than doubled in price during the fall of the year, but declined

neg: Nouriel Roubini of falling exports and growing current account deficit. The growth slowdown will make the public deficit and debt worse and potentially unsustainable over time. And if a devaluation cannot be used to reduce real wages, the real exchange rate overvaluation will be undone via a slow and painful process of wage and price deflation." As of January 2009, he remained pessimistic about the U.S. and global economy. He said in September, 2008, "we have a subprime financial system, not a subprime mortgage market". "As the U.S. economy shrinks, the entire global economy will go into recession. In Europe, Canada, Japan,

neg: Silviculture per year and in Germany of 175 cubic feet per acre (12.25 m/ha) per year was misleading, at least if it was meant to imply that such yields might be approached in the Boreal Forest Region of Canada. Haddock thought that Wright's suggestion of 20 to 40 (average 30) cubic feet per acre (1.4 m/ha to 2.8 m/ha (average 2.1 m/ha) per year was more reasonable, but still somewhat optimistic. The principal way forest resource managers influence growth and yield is to manipulate the mixture of species and number (density) and distribution (stocking) of individuals that form the canopy of

neg: Pittosporum eugenioides for establishing a shade canopy in a restoration setting. It then provides an opportunity to introduce understory, shade loving plants to the same location, later planting underneath the lemonwood trees. It is recommended to plant this species closer than you would normally find in the established forest. “close planting imitates the growth of the seedlings on the forest floor”, resulting in plants tending to grow upward more rapidly. "P. eugenioides" is one of the best plants for this rapid canopy growth because it is already fast growing. Lemonwood is on the recommended list for replanting “small trees up to 6m”

neg: Ecological thinning on dry sites should be thinned more heavily because such sites cannot support high-density stands. Aussenac, also working with Norway spruce, investigated the response to thinning. Thinning altered the temporal evolution of radial growth at all frequencies in radial growth chronologies. Previous studies had shown, not surprisingly, that thinning decreases the canopy closure and encourages solar radiation to penetrate the canopy. Solar energy then becomes more important inside the crown. The improved photosynthetic efficiency of this energy influences the retention time of needles, especially in the lower part of the crown. Furthermore, the length, diameter, and area, of the crown,

neg: Acer platanoides the ground surface, starving other plants of moisture. For example, lawn grass (and even weeds) will usually not grow well beneath a Norway maple, but English Ivy, with its minimal rooting needs, may thrive. In addition, the dense canopy of Norway maples can inhibit understory growth. Some have suggested Norway maples may also release chemicals to discourage undergrowth, although this claim is controversial. "A. platanoides" has been shown to inhibit the growth of native saplings as a canopy tree or as a sapling. The Norway maple also suffers less herbivory than the sugar maple, allowing it to gain a competitive

neg: Canopy (grape) the cane being used to gauge the amount of pruning and canopy management that will be needed for the upcoming year. The "tip" of the shoot is the small (0.4 in/1 cm) part of the shoot furthermost from the vine. Viticulturalist use the growth of this tip as an indication of vine vigor because the tip competes with the grape clusters for resources from the vine. Ideally, shoot growth should come to a stop around the time of veraison; a vine that continues growing the shoots will stand the chance of less fully developed grape clusters. A grapevine's leaves are

neg: Canadian Admiral Corp v Rediffusion Inc Canadian Admiral Corp v Rediffusion Inc Canadian Admiral Corporation Ltd. v. Rediffusion Inc., [1954] Ex. CR 382, 20 CPR 75 is a Canadian copyright law decision by the Exchequer Court (a predecessor of the Federal Court of Canada). The Court held that rebroadcasting of public performances by cable companies did not violate any communication rights or public performance rights. There cannot be copyright in telecasting live events because there is insufficient fixation. The result of the case became a major factor in the following growth of the Canadian cable television industry. A football game was broadcast live from the stadium

neg: Steller's sea cow likely fed on canopy kelp, as it is believed to have only had access to food no deeper than below the tide. Kelp releases a chemical deterrent to protect it from grazing, but canopy kelp releases a lower concentration of the chemical, allowing the sea cow to graze safely. Steller noted that the sea cow grew thin during the frigid winters, indicating a period of fasting due to low kelp growth. Fossils of Pleistocene Aleutian Island sea cow populations were larger than those from the Commander Islands, indicating that the growth of Commander Island sea cows may have been stunted

neg: Gap dynamics along the north–south axis. Such variation must inevitably affect the amount and growth of regeneration; but relying solely on natural regeneration to separate the effects of gap size and position is problematic (Coates 2000). Among the many factors affecting seedling establishment following canopy disturbance are parent tree proximity and abundance, seedbed substrate, presence of seed consumers and dispersers, and climatic and microclimatic variability. Planted trees can be used to avoid many of the stochastic events surrounding natural seedling establishment. Gradients of canopy influence can be created by partial cutting, and tree growth responses within gaps of various sizes and configurations,

neg: Canopy Growth Corporation was renamed to Canopy Growth Corp. in September 2015 with two established brands. Specifically, CGC is the parent company of licensed cannabis producers Tweed Inc., Tweed Farms Inc., Spectrum Cannabis., as well as newly acquired companies. Tweed operates out of the former Hershey's chocolate factory in Smiths Falls, Ontario, and operates the Tweed Farms greenhouse in Niagara-on-the-Lake. In provinces where the private sector is allowed to sell cannabis, the company has opened retail stores via its subsidiary Tweed Inc. In August 2018, Constellation Brands (a beer, wine and spirits producer) announced that it would invest an additional C$5 billion (US$3.8

neg: Old-growth forest a relatively stable ecosystem in the long term. A climax stand that is uniformly aged becomes senescent and degrades within a relatively short time to result in a new cycle of forest succession. Thus, uniformly aged stands are less stable ecosystems. Forest canopy gaps are essential in creating and maintaining mixed-age stands. Also, some herbaceous plants only become established in canopy openings, but persist beneath an understory. Openings are a result of tree death due to small impact disturbances such as wind, low-intensity fires, and tree diseases. Old-growth forests are unique, usually having multiple horizontal layers of vegetation representing a

neg: Fiery squirrel found in closed-canopy lowland rainforest, either primary old-growth woodland as well as disturbed secondary growth, in the southern part of the upper Orinoco drainage. The behaviour of this particular taxon is presumably similar to "Hadrosciurus igniventris" ssp. "igniventris"; diurnal, territorial and solitary, arboreal and found at all heights from canopy to ground level, building large and well-hidden spherical nests in trees, and feeding on the large nuts of "Attalea" palm, as well as other tree nuts, fruit, and beetle grubs. The range is not sympatric with other large squirrels. "Hadrosciurus igniventris" ssp. "igniventris", which occurs to the south and east

neg: Relative growth rate has been ignored when modelling plant growth. The RGR decreases for several reasons - non-photosynthetic biomass (roots and stems) increases, the top leaves of a plant begin to shade lower leaves and soil nutrients can become limiting. Overall, respiration scales with total biomass, but photosynthesis only scales with photosynthetic biomass and as a result biomass accumulates more slowly as total biomass increases. The RGR of trees in particular slow with increasing size due in part to the large allocation to structural material of the trunk required to hold photosynthetic material up in the canopy. A novel approach to separate size

neg: Treefall gap utilize trees to venture into the canopy in search of sunlight and nutrients. Thus, when a tree falls, it brings all the Liana growth with it. Following a tree fall, Lianas have a high survival rate (~90%) and they can quickly begin sprouting. This causes potential problems as new trees begin to grow but are unable or are limited by the presence of Lianas. Many gaps have been found to enter a state where growth has been halted due to Lianas. Therefore, scientists have begun looking into their effects on gap regeneration. A study conducted on Barro Colorado Island found

neg: Operation Canopy Forces reportedly said OP Canopy cost about $350,000 in "incremental" expenses (costs over and above operating and salary costs routinely spent even if the staff and equipment used had not been deployed to Kashechewan), an internal military e-mail reportedly puts the true cost at more than $860,000, including pay for personnel and CC-130 Hercules flights. Based on these figures, each litre of treated water cost approximately CDN$6.14 a litre to produce (approximately CDN$27.92 per imperial gallon, or approximately CDN$23.24 per U.S. gallon). Operation Canopy Operation Canopy (OP Canopy) was the Canadian Forces (CF) participation in Canada efforts to help the

neg: Circle K stores continued to have the new ConocoPhillips unified canopy design and ProClean gasolines. These stores were spun off as Phillips 66 in May 2012. Another oil company, Canada-based Irving Oil, leased out its convenience stores operating under the Bluecanoe and Mainway banners in the United States and Atlantic Canada to Couche-Tard, which rebranded the locations to Circle K in July 2008, while still selling Irving-branded fuel. However, the Mainways in Newfoundland and Labrador did not change until summer 2010. The parties had earlier formed a similar partnership in Quebec, with the stores there operated as Couche-Tard. In April 2009, ExxonMobil

neg: Helicopter Flight Rescue System a Bouwman Bag, and various rescuer harnesses. The line length can be adjusted for various conditions such as tree canopy. , a similar technique is used by linemen when constructing or maintaining power lines. HFRS was pioneered in Canada by Parks Canada, who performed the first rescues using the long line system in the 1960s. From there, the system became commercialised, and available to industrial and Search and Rescue teams outside of the Parks Canada Safety Program. One of the eariest SAR teams in Canada to adopt the commercial system was North Shore Rescue, and was eventually followed by other

neg: City of Canada Bay over, 50.8 per cent were married and 9.3 per cent were either divorced or separated. Population growth in the City of Canada Bay between the and the was 10.73 per cent; and in the subsequent five years to the , population growth was 15.24 per cent. t the 2016 census, the population in the City of Canada Bay increased by 16.17 per cent. When compared with total population growth of Australia for the same period, being 8.8 per cent, population growth in Canada Bay local government area was nearly double the national average. The median weekly income for residents within

neg: Cerrado "cerrado" itself on well-drained areas between strips of gallery forest (closed canopy tall forest) which occur along streams. Between the "cerrado" and the gallery forest is an area of vegetation known as the wet "campo" with distinct up- and downslope borders where tree growth is inhibited due to wide seasonal fluctuations in the water table. The savanna portion of the Cerrado is heterogeneous in terms of canopy cover. Goodland (1971) divided the Cerrado into four categories ranging from least to most canopy cover: "campo sujo" (herbaceous layer with occasional small trees about 3 m tall), "campo cerrado" (slightly higher density

neg: Understory Understory In forestry and ecology, understory (or understorey, underbrush, undergrowth) comprises plant life growing beneath the forest canopy without penetrating it to any great extent, but above the forest floor. Only a small percentage of light penetrates the canopy so understory vegetation is generally shade tolerant. The understory typically consists of trees stunted through lack of light, other small trees with low light requirements, saplings, shrubs, vines and undergrowth. Small trees such as holly and dogwood are understory specialists. In temperate deciduous forests, many understory plants start into growth earlier than the canopy trees to make use of the greater

neg: Taiga pre-fire dominant species. Species-dominance relay is a sequential attempt of tree species to establish dominance in the canopy. Species replacement is when fires occur in sufficient frequency to interrupt species dominance relay. Gap-Phase Self-Replacement is the least common and so far has only been documented in Western Canada. It is a self replacement of the surviving species into the canopy gaps after a fire kills another species. The particular pathway taken after a fire disturbance depends on how the landscape is able to support trees as well as fire frequency. Fire frequency has a large role in shaping the original

neg: Broadband for Rural Nova Scotia initiative Broadband for Rural Nova Scotia initiative Broadband for Rural Nova Scotia was a government initiative intended to provide broadband (500 kbit/s upload, 1.5 Mbit/s download) services to 100% of civic addresses in Nova Scotia, Canada. The initiative was a public private partnership co-funded by the governments of Canada and Nova Scotia, and three Internet service providers. The Motorola Canopy fixed wireless 900 MHz system was selected in 2006-7 to provide the service. Prior to this program it had not been deployed in Nova Scotia. In May 2006, the Nova Scotia government announced that it would work with a number of

neg: Hen harrier and parts of western Britain, has been (and continues to be) afforested, predominantly with non-native conifers such as Sitka spruce ("Picea sitchensis") from North America. Hen harriers nest and forage in commercial forestry when it is young, before the canopy closes (typically at between 9–12 and years old), but do not make much use of thicket and subsequent growth stages, which typically comprise between and of the commercial growth cycle. Where forests replace habitats that were used by hen harriers they will therefore tend to reduce overall habitat availability. However, where afforestation takes place in areas that were previously underutilised

neg: CFNY-FM as it once had. Unfortunately it would also be some time before the changes were effective in resolving the staff morale problems born during the station's recent turbulent years. The most public manifestation of the station's morale woes came in 1992, when DJ Dani Elwell resigned from the station by reading her résumé live over the air. But the 1990s were also a period of revival and sowing seeds of growth for the station. In addition to the growth of the Humble & Fred morning show, Jason Barr also joined the station at this time and would go on to

neg: Dairy cattle recombinant bovine somatotropin (rBST), recombinant bovine growth hormone (rBGH), or artificial growth hormone. The use of this hormone increases milk production by 11%–25%. The U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) has ruled that rBST is harmless to people. The use of rBST is banned in Canada, parts of the European Union, as well as Australia and New Zealand. In Canada, Canadian Dairy farmers have high screening procedures they have to go through every time the milk is retrieved from the farm; if the regulations are not met the milk does not get loaded onto the truck for further processing. There

neg: Tropical and subtropical moist broadleaf forests A perpetually warm, wet climate promotes more explosive plant growth than in any other environment on Earth. A tree here may grow over in height in just 5 years. From above, the forest appears as an unending sea of green, broken only by occassional, taller "emergent" trees. These towering emergents are the realm of hornbills, toucans, and the harpy eagle. The canopy is home to many of the forest's animals, including apes and monkeys. Below the canopy, a lower understory hosts to snakes and big cats. The forest floor, relatively clear of undergrowth due to the thick canopy above, is

neg: Black-tailed jackrabbit It requires mixed grasses, forbs, and shrubs for food, and shrubs or small trees for cover. It prefers moderately open areas without dense understory growth and is seldom found in closed-canopy habitats. For example, in California, black-tailed jackrabbits are plentiful in open chamise ("Ademostoma fasciculatum") and "Ceanothus" spp. chaparral interspersed with grasses, but does not occupy closed-canopy chaparral. Similarly, the black-tailed jackrabbit occupies clearcuts and early seral coniferous forest, but not closed-canopy coniferous forest. Black-tailed jackrabbits do not migrate or hibernate during winter; the same habitat is used year-round. Diurnal movement of 2 to 10 miles (3–16 km) occurs from

neg: Canopy Labs Canopy Labs Canopy Labs is a customer analytics company headquartered in Toronto, Ontario, Canada with offices in San Francisco. It was founded in 2012 and offers SaaS marketing analytics for businesses and organizations. The company is an alumnus of the Y Combinator accelerator program. Canopy Labs was founded in 2012 in Thornhill, Ontario by Wojciech Gryc and Jorge Escobedo. Gryc is a Loran Scholar, Rhodes Scholar and former McKinsey consultant, and Escobedo is a former PhD researcher at the Perimeter Institute and University of Waterloo. In 2012, the company joined the Y Combinator start-up acceleration program in Silicon Valley as

neg: Canopy Labs part of the 2012 Summer Class. The company returned to Toronto in 2012, raising $1.5 million in seed funding from BDC Venture Capital's IT Fund, Peter Thiel's Valar Ventures, and a number of angel investors. In March 2015, the company announced the launch of its new Canopy Labs platform, focused on helping businesses to track and optimize customer journeys and purchase funnels. Canopy Labs Canopy Labs is a customer analytics company headquartered in Toronto, Ontario, Canada with offices in San Francisco. It was founded in 2012 and offers SaaS marketing analytics for businesses and organizations. The company is an alumnus

neg: Place du Canada arranged along the skewed cardinality characteristic of Montreal, John A. Macdonald looks more west-northwest than north. The monument is purposeful; under a canopy created by the union of industry and agriculture, Canada's chief securely observes the vast expanse that awaits the command coming from Montreal. In 1967, when Canada celebrated its centennial anniversary, the southern portion of Dominion Square was renamed and given the name of "Place du Canada". From this point, the southern and northern section of the park had different names. Place du Canada was the site of the Unity Rally, a massive political rally held on October

neg: Golden Canopy of the Temple of the Tooth and reinforcing the public view of his commitment that the country should remain a Sinhalese Buddhist nation. In 2002 the canopy sheets were refurbished using 4,000 gold plated ceramic tiles produced in Sri Lanka. In 2017 Prime Minister Ranil Wickramasinghe publicly promised that the canopy will be renovated. A week after, President Maithripala Sirisena gave Rs. 45 million for gold plating the golden canopy. Golden Canopy of the Temple of the Tooth Golden Canopy of the Temple of the Tooth is a canopy used to cover the Relic of the tooth of the Buddha, housed in the Sri Dalada Maligawa

neg: Triple Canopy (online magazine) Triple Canopy’s office and venue is in Manhattan, but the magazine maintains an active presence in Berlin and Los Angeles. Until 2017, Triple Canopy shared a space in Greenpoint, Brooklyn, with film and electronic art venue Light Industry and open-source educational program The Public School New York. Triple Canopy's venue regularly hosts performances, lectures, screenings, talks, and other public events. "The New York Times" called Triple Canopy “a multitasking brain trust of a nonprofit that publishes an extremely smart Internet magazine”; in another article, in 2017, the paper declared that Triple Canopy “broke the mold of traditional Web design; instead

neg: Annual growth cycle of grapevines grow dramatically as they accumulate glucose and fructose and acids begin to fall. The onset of veraison does not occur uniformly among all berries. Typically the berries and clusters that are most exposed to warmth, on the outer extents of the canopy, undergo veraison first with the berries and clusters closer to the trunk and under the canopy shade undergoing it last. There are some factors in the vineyards that can control the onset of veraison, limited water stress and canopy management that creates a high "fruit to leaf" ratio can encourage veraison. This is because the vine is biologically

neg: GO Transit rail services a small but significant milestone in network growth occurred when it expanded its Lakeshore East line on new track it built by itself. But following that, the network experienced two long distance extensions to southern Barrie and in 1990, only to have those extensions reversed three years later. GO did extend its Lakeshore East line again in 1995 from to , finishing that line as it exists today. The reach of GO's network remained relatively unchanged between 1996 and 2005. However, seven new infill stations were opened along the Bradford and Stouffville lines. This coincided with GO's initial purchases of