query: how many stars is there in the american flag

pos: Flag of the United States Flag of the United States The flag of the United States of America, often referred to as the American flag, is the national flag of the United States. It consists of thirteen equal horizontal stripes of red (top and bottom) alternating with white, with a blue rectangle in the canton (referred to specifically as the "union") bearing fifty small, white, five-pointed stars arranged in nine offset horizontal rows, where rows of six stars (top and bottom) alternate with rows of five stars. The 50 stars on the flag represent the 50 states of the United States of America, and the

pos: Cowpens flag a restructuring of the U.S. from the fifty states of real life to thirteen commonwealths comprising at least two former states. It is unknown, however, if the Cowpens flag is the inspiration for the Fallout-American flag, but the two flags are indeed similar. Cowpens flag The Cowpens flag, or 3rd Maryland flag, is an early version of the United States flag that meets the congressional requirements of the Flag Resolution of 1777. Like the Betsy Ross flag, the white stars are arranged in a circle on a blue field; but the circle consists of just 12 stars, with the 13th

neg: Issues of the American Civil War Any money a married woman had legally belonged to her husband. There were many flag controversies. The original Confederate flag was the Stars and Bars, which looked similar to the Union Stars and Stripes and caused confusion on battle fields. The Stars and Bars was replaced with the Stainless Banner, which was mostly white, and was sometimes mistaken for a white flag of surrender when the wind was down. Near the end of the war, a red vertical bar was added to the right edge of the flag to show that the South would never surrender, although this flag was

neg: Flag of the United States John Trumbull. Despite the 1777 resolution, the early years of American independence featured many different flags. Most were individually crafted rather than mass-produced. While there are many examples of 13-star arrangements, some of those flags included blue stripes as well as red and white. Benjamin Franklin and John Adams, in a letter dated October 3, 1778, to Ferdinand I of the Two Sicilies, described the American flag as consisting of "13 stripes, alternately red, white, and blue, a small square in the upper angle, next the flag staff, is a blue field, with 13 white stars, denoting a new Constellation."

neg: Brandywine flag Pennsylvania Flag may have been one of the first American flags to feature stars and stripes, although it was a militia company's flag, not a flag of Washington's army. The Flag Resolution of 1777 defined the official flag of the United States as having 13 stripes and 13 stars, although the specific pattern of the stars was not specified. Many variations existed. The flag shown in the canton of the Brandywine Flag uses a 4-5-4 star pattern, and was probably patterned after a Hopkinson-style United States flag. The Brandywine Flag is currently displayed in Philadelphia's Independence National Historical Park, and

neg: Flag jacking expert, to provide humorous tips on how Americans can pass themselves off as Canadians by adopting gestures that he termed the "Maple-o-gy", the "Canuck Crinkle", the "Toque Tilt", the "Stars and Gripes Forever", the "Polka-Loon" and the "American Psycho". Flag jacking Flag jacking () is a Canadian slang term used to describe the act of travelers wearing a foreign flag on their clothing or backpack, in an attempt to disguise the country they are visiting from, primarily in cases where American tourists wear Canadian flags in an attempt to pass as Canadians. The intention is that by showing the flag

neg: Flag of Canada flag". Also, the Royal Union Flag remains an official flag in Canada. There is no law dictating how the national flag is to be treated, but there are conventions and protocols to guide how it is to be displayed and its place in the order of precedence of flags, which gives it primacy over the aforementioned and most other flags. Many different flags created for use by Canadian officials, government bodies, and military forces contain the maple leaf motif in some fashion, either by having the Canadian flag charged in the canton, or by including maple leaves in the design.

neg: Bennington flag been a centennial banner, made c. 1876. Bennington flag The Bennington flag is a version of the American flag associated with the American Revolution Battle of Bennington, from which it derives its name. Like many Revolution era flags, the Bennington features 13 stars and 13 stripes, symbolic of the 13 American colonies that were in a state of rebellion against Great Britain. The Bennington version is easily identified by a large '76' in the canton, recalling the year 1776, when the Declaration of Independence was signed. Another distinctive feature of the Bennington flag is the arrangement of the 13 stripes,

neg: Bennington flag Bennington flag The Bennington flag is a version of the American flag associated with the American Revolution Battle of Bennington, from which it derives its name. Like many Revolution era flags, the Bennington features 13 stars and 13 stripes, symbolic of the 13 American colonies that were in a state of rebellion against Great Britain. The Bennington version is easily identified by a large '76' in the canton, recalling the year 1776, when the Declaration of Independence was signed. Another distinctive feature of the Bennington flag is the arrangement of the 13 stripes, with white being outermost (rather than red

neg: Yankee Doodle Bugs and asks: "Hey Betsy, does this give you an idea-r?" Betsy agrees, and starts sewing the stars into the blue space on the flag. That is how rabbits helped with the formation of the American flag. This cartoon incorrectly depicts Betsy Ross as an elderly lady. If Betsy Ross did, in fact, design the First American Flag in 1777, she would have been only 25 years old (having been born in 1752). The sixth segment has the enemy storming Bunker Hill. Of course, a cannon is pointed right at them, and as soon as they get close enough, the cannon

neg: Bennington flag being outermost as in the current flag). Also, its stars have seven points each (instead of the current five) and the blue canton is taller than on other flags, spanning nine instead of seven of the thirteen stripes. The Bennington flag is a popular version of the American flag, and many historic flag dealers carry it. The large '76' makes it easily identifiable as banner from the American Revolution, evoking Spirit of '76 nostalgia. One legend claims that the original Bennington flag was carried off the field by Nathaniel Fillmore and passed down through the Fillmore family, and was, at

neg: Guilford Courthouse flag the oldest surviving example of an American flag with eight-pointed stars. The flag was presented to the Grand Masonic Lodge of North Carolina in 1909 by Micajah Bullock's son, Edward, who was 81 years old at the time. While there is no historic documentation of the flag being used in the battle and studies of the flag suggest that it may have had 15 stars and 15 stripes at one time- either originally made or perhaps added on when U.S. flags had 15 stripes. The use of cotton cloth as the primary fabric is evidence of post-1790 construction. These factors

neg: Flag of Brazil presented to Fonseca, who promptly accepted. The flag was designed by a group formed by Raimundo Teixeira Mendes, Miguel Lemos, Manuel Pereira Reis and Décio Villares. It was officially adopted on 19 November 1889. The flag has been modified on three occasions to add additional stars intended to reflect newly created states: 1960 (22 stars), 1968 (23 stars) and 1992 (27 stars). In contrast to many other national flags with elements representing political subdivisions, modifications to the flag of Brazil were not always made promptly upon political reorganisation, resulting in multi-year periods of history where there was a mismatch between

neg: Betsy Ross flag first Continental Colors (or Grand Union Flag), but there is no evidence to prove she also made the Stars and Stripes. Other flag makers of that period include Rebecca Young, Anne King, Cornelia Bridges, and flag painter William Barrett. Hugh Stewart sold a "flag of the United Colonies" to the Committee of Safety, and William Alliborne was one of the first to manufacture United States ensigns. Any flag maker in Philadelphia could have sewn the first American flag. According to Canby, there were other variations of the flag being made at the same time Ross was sewing the design that

neg: Devil's Angels Devil's Angels Devil's Angels (also known as The Checkered Flag) is a 1967 American biker movie written by Charles B. Griffith and directed by Daniel Haller. It stars John Cassavetes. Cody (John Cassavetes), and his motorcycle gang called the Skulls, hear the story of how Butch Cassidy, and his outlaw band, lived in a secret area called the Hole-in-the-Wall, where there were no police. Inspired, Cody tells the gang that they are all going to Hole-in-the-Wall to live there forever. After breaking their buddy Funky out of jail, terrorizing a store owner at a gas stop, and destroying the RV

neg: Modern display of the Confederate flag widely recognized symbol of the American South. It is also known as the "rebel flag", "Dixie flag", "the Confederate battle flag", and "Southern cross", and is often incorrectly referred to as the "Stars and Bars". (The actual "" is the first national flag of the Confederacy, which used an entirely different design.) The self-declared Confederate exclave of Town Line, New York, lacking a genuine Confederate flag, flew a version of this flag prior to its 1946 vote to ceremonially rejoin the Union. Confederate soldiers were not familiar with the modern flag as such, but many were fond of the flags

neg: 37th Arkansas Infantry Regiment of the Iowa State Historical Society. The second flag of the 37th Arkansas, also captured by the 33rd Iowa at Helena is a 1st National Flag pattern battle flag with the inscription "IN GOD WE TRUST" printed on the white stripe in the center. The flag is large at 50 inches by 84 inches. The stars on this flag are eight pointed stars rather than the normal five pointed stars. There are twelve stars on the flag in recognition of the secession of the state of Missouri, which is unusual for a 1st National pattern flag. One of the stars

neg: Serapis flag and avoid the legal controversy of Jones' captured ship. The Dutch records survive and provide the original sketch of the ensign. The sketch is labeled "Serapis" and dated 5 October 1779, just one day after the Francis Hopkinson style flag, labeled "Alliance" (a ship in Jones' fleet), was entered. There are five known illustrations of American flags with tri-color stripes. Tri-colored stripes appeared in various European almanacs into the 19th century, featuring stars with 4, 5, or 6 points and arranged in various patterns. The Serapis flag is distinctive because of the four, irregularly placed blue stripes and 8-pointed stars.

neg: Francis Hopkinson the designer of the first flag entered into American consciousness about the time of the 1876 centennial celebrations, owing to the efforts of her grandson, William Canby. This flag with its circle of 13 stars came into popular use as a flag commemorating the nation's birth. Many Americans today still cling to the Betsy Ross legend that she designed the flag, and most are unaware of Hopkinson's legacy. The circle of stars (a circle connotes eternity) first appeared after the war ended and after Hopkinson's original design. On May 25, 1780, Hopkinson wrote a letter to the Continental Board of

neg: Citizenship of the United States the Constitution, and be able to speak and understand English unless they are elderly or disabled. Applicants must also pass a simple citizenship test. Up until recently, a test published by the Immigration and Naturalization Service asked questions such as "How many stars are there in our flag?" and "What is the Constitution?" and "Who is the president of the United States today?" At one point, the Government Printing Office sold flashcards for $8.50 to help test takers prepare for the test. In 2006, the government replaced the former trivia test with a ten-question oral test designed to "shun simple

neg: Betsy Ross flag Betsy Ross flag The Betsy Ross flag is an early design of the flag of the United States, popularly but very likely incorrectly attributed to Betsy Ross, using the common motifs of alternating red-and-white striped field with five-pointed stars in a blue canton. Grace Rogers Cooper noted that the first documented usage of this flag was in 1792. The flag features 13 stars to represent the original 13 colonies with the stars arranged in a circle. Even though this early version of an American flag is now commonly called the "Betsy Ross Flag," the claim by her descendants that Betsy

neg: Star count results of star counts is to discover new categories. Different counts typically seek to categorize stars for only a few of the qualities listed below, and determine how common each considered quality is and how stars of that kind are distributed. There are many finer subdivisions in all of the above categories. There are many unavoidable problems in counting stars for the purpose of getting an accurate picture of the distribution of stars in space. The effects of our point of view in the galaxy, the obscuring clouds of gas and dust in the galaxy, and especially the extreme range

neg: Flags of the Confederate States of America established and designed in June 1777 during the Revolutionary War), the "Stars and Bars" design was approved by the committee. When the American Civil War broke out, the "Stars and Bars" caused confusion on the battlefield at the First Battle of Bull Run because of its similarity to the U.S. flag, especially when it was hanging limp, down on the flagstaff. The "Stars and Bars" was also criticized on ideological grounds for its resemblance to the U.S. flag. Many Confederates disliked the Stars and Bars, seeing it as symbolic of the centralized federal power the Confederate states were seceding from.

neg: Gadsden flag I will strike]". Considered one of the first flags of the United States, the flag was later replaced by the current Stars and Stripes (or Old Glory) flag. Since the Revolution, the flag has seen resurgences as a symbol of American patriotism, disagreement with government, or support for civil liberties. The First Navy Jack, which was not directly related to the Gadsden flag, has been in use by the United States Navy since its beginnings. Unlike the Liberty Tree Flag with the letter by Colonel Joseph Reed that describes it, there is no document that describes the Snake on Stripes

neg: Cowpens flag Navy cruiser USS Cowpens (CG-63) features the 3rd Maryland star pattern in the foreground, as well as two Cowpens flags in the background. In the video game series "Fallout", the flag of the United States of America is very similar to the Cowpens flag. The difference is the center stars. While the Cowpens flag has 12 stars and one center star, the Fallout-American flag has 12 stars encircling one larger star (representing the federal government and nation as a whole). The games take place in an alternate timeline that diverges from reality after World War II. The flag change represents

neg: United States one-dollar bill bird and symbol of the United States. Above the eagle is a radiant cluster of 13 stars arranged in a six-pointed star. The eagle's breast is covered by a heraldic shield with 13 stripes that resemble those on the American flag. As on the first US flag, the stars and stripes stand for the 13 original states of the union. The eagle holds a ribbon in its beak reading "E PLURIBUS UNUM", a Latin phrase meaning "Out of many [states], one [nation]", a "de facto" motto of the United States (and the only one until 1956). In its left talons

neg: Sang Saka Malaya Sang Saka Malaya The Sang Saka Malaya is the flag of the "Kesatuan Melayu Muda". It is also known as Sang Saka Merah Putih. The flag features twelve stars arranged in three rows of four columns. It was introduced in 1947 by the combination of two political parties, PUTERA and AMCJA, as a proposal to the flag of an independent Federation of Malaya. The twelve stars represent the 12 states of the Malay Peninsula. It follows the concept of the American flag with 50 stars representing the 50 states that make up the United States. The Sang Saka Malaya flag

neg: Pan-African flag 2000, artist David Hammons created a work called "African-American Flag", which is held by the Museum of Modern Art in New York City. Based on the standard U.S. flag, its stripes are black and red, the field is green, and the stars on the field are black. In response to the controversy over the flying of the Confederate flag, an African American-run company called NuSouth created a flag based on the Confederate naval jack, with the white stars and saltire outline replaced by green and the blue saltire made black. In 1999, an article appeared in the July 25 edition

neg: The Big Picture (TV series) - 1964) Story of Sylvanus Thayer and how he transformed the military academy into an institution known for its history of molding great leaders. TV 625 Old Glory (B&W - 1964) A tribute to our flag -- How it has been an inspiration to the American fighting man since it proudly carried its thirteen original stars. TV 627 American Soldier TV 628 NATO: Background to Berlin TV 629 Wings At The Tree Tops (US Armed Helicopters) TV 631 Iran TV 632 NATO: The Changed Face of Europe TV 633 American on the Move TV 634 Army in Action -- Episode

neg: Star count it appears to be a second magnitude star, even though ζ Puppis is 1,399 light-years away. Star count Star counts are bookkeeping surveys of stars and the statistical and geometrical methods used to correct the survey data for . The surveys are most often made of nearby stars in the Milky Way Galaxy. One of the interests of astronomy is to determine how many stars there are of each of several types that stars can be categorized into, and how these stars are distributed in space. When performing star counts, astronomers consider many different categories that have been created to

neg: John Singleton Copley 1782, after listening to George III's speech formally acknowledging American independence. "He invited me into the studio," wrote Watson in his Journal, "and there, with a bold hand, a master's touch, and I believe an American heart, attached to the ship the Stars and Stripes; this was, I imagine, the first American flag hoisted in Old England." Copley's contacts with New England people continued to be many. He painted portraits of John Adams, John Quincy Adams, and other Bostonians who visited England. He was elected a Foreign Honorary Member of the American Academy of Arts and Sciences in 1791. His

neg: Star count Star count Star counts are bookkeeping surveys of stars and the statistical and geometrical methods used to correct the survey data for . The surveys are most often made of nearby stars in the Milky Way Galaxy. One of the interests of astronomy is to determine how many stars there are of each of several types that stars can be categorized into, and how these stars are distributed in space. When performing star counts, astronomers consider many different categories that have been created to classify a few stars that have been well studied. One of the hopes of studying the

neg: Alamogordo Museum of History the admission of every new state into the Union, one star be added to the union of the flag; and that such addition shall take effect of the fourth day of July then next succeeding such admission." On July 4, 1912, the official flag design jumped from 46 to 48 stars, and there never was an official 47-star flag. The provenance of the museum's 47-star flag is unknown, although it presumably was manufactured to celebrate New Mexico's entry into the Union. The flag hung for many years in a bar in Blue Lake, California. The bar owner, Wade Topping, a

neg: Mickey Marcus concerning the number of shots fired, how many wounds Marcus suffered, whether the fatal wound could have been caused by Linski's rifle, and how and why Marcus may have been outside the monastery, he concluded that Linski shot Marcus in the line of duty. The report has never been made public. Marcus' grave is the only one in the West Point Cemetery at the United States Military Academy for an American killed fighting under the flag of another country; he was still eligible for interment there because he was a graduate of the academy who served honorably. His gravestone at

neg: East India Company include a Saint Patrick's Saltire. There has been much debate about the number and order of stripes in the field of the flag. Historical documents and paintings show variations from 9 to 13 stripes, with some images showing the top stripe red and others showing it white. At the time of the American Revolution the East India Company flag was nearly identical to the Grand Union Flag. Historian Charles Fawcett argued that the East India Company Flag inspired the Stars and Stripes. The East India Company's original coat of arms was granted in 1600. The blazon of the arms is

neg: Flag of the Western European Union Bosnia and Herzegovina. There are variants for its bodies, such as its assembly, used on formal occasions. The WEU treaty is now terminated, with WEU activities wound up by June 2011, so no further use of the flag is foreseeable. The current flag was in use only since 1993. Prior to that there was a similar design but with only nine stars (before Greece became a member) and the stars towards the base of the flag were progressively larger than those at the fringe. This design replaced the flag of the Western Union, the organisation that was transformed into the

neg: Betsy Ross flag asked for compensation for his designs, but his claim was rejected on the basis that others also contributed to the design. Ross Biographer Marla Miller asserts that the question of Betsy Ross' involvement in the flag should not be one of design, but of production. Even so, history researchers must accept that the United States flag evolved, and did not have one designer. "The flag, like the Revolution it represents, was the work of many hands." To add to the mystery surrounding the first American flag, experts can only guess the reason Congress chose stripes, stars, and the colors red,

neg: Japanese Instrument of Surrender (stars in the upper right corner). This was because American flags on the right of an object plane, ship, or person have the stars on the upper right corner, to look like the flag is heading into battle—as if attached to a pole and someone is carrying it. Stars in the upper left of a flag displayed on the right side of the object would make the flag look like it was going away from battle. The cloth of the historic flag was so fragile that the conservator at the U.S. Naval Academy Museum directed that a protective backing be

neg: Flag of Alaska flag flew over Alaska until October 18, 1867, when all Russian-American Company holdings in Alaska were sold to the United States. The Alaska Legislature adopted Benson's design as the official flag for the Territory of Alaska on May 2, 1927. The first flag made based on Benny's design was made of blue silk and appliquéd gold stars. It was inaugurally flown July 9, 1927. It was retained as the state flag upon statehood in 1959. The flag's symbolism is described in the state song, "Alaska's Flag". Flag of Alaska The flag of Alaska consists of eight gold stars, forming the

neg: Battle of Fort Anne Anne. It is widely claimed that one of the flags captured was a new design of American flag with thirteen red and white stripes and a constellation of stars, representing the earliest known use of the stars and stripes motif. However, this story is likely untrue, as the time needed for news of the flag design approved by Congress to travel, followed by construction of such a flag and then its delivery to such a remote location render the story implausible, and the flags known to have been recovered bear no resemblance whatsoever to the United States flag. The American

neg: There's a Riot Goin' On cover's concept, stating "I wanted the flag to truly represent people of all colors. I wanted the color black because it is the absence of color. I wanted the color white because it is the combination of all colors. And I wanted the color red because it represents the one thing that all people have in common: blood. I wanted suns instead of stars because stars to me imply searching, like you search for your star. And there are already too many stars in this world. But the sun, that's something that is always there, looking right at you. Betsy

neg: Flag of Rhode Island the current flag, or in lieu of the state flag. The flag can also be seen flying at home football games of the University of Rhode Island Rams. The flag of the Governor of Rhode Island is based on an earlier state flag. Like most U.S. governors' flags, there are four five-point stars at the corners of the field. Flag of Rhode Island The flag of the state of Rhode Island and Providence Plantations is white and consists of a gold anchor in the center (a symbol for hope) surrounded by thirteen gold stars (for the original 13 colonies and

neg: Flag of American Samoa the wisdom of traditional Samoan leaders). American Samoa holds a Flag Day celebration on April 17 each year. Flag of American Samoa The flag of American Samoa is a flag consisting of a red-edged white triangle pointing towards the hoist charged with a bald eagle clutching a war club and fly-whisk, with dark blue upper and lower triangles. Adopted in April 1960 to replace the "Stars and Stripes" as the official flag of the territory, it has been the flag of the Territory of American Samoa since that year. The colors used epitomize the traditional colors of the United States

neg: Bud Houser 1928 Summer Olympics in Amsterdam he was the flag bearer for the United States team. There he retained his title in the discus throw, again leading a Finn Antero Kivi and an American James Corson. Houser became a dentist to many movie stars with a practice in Hollywood, California before moving to Palm Desert, California. The stadium at Oxnard High School (the original location and now the new location) is named in his honor, the announcement a surprise at his graduation. He is a member of the National Track and Field Hall of Fame and an inaugural member of the

neg: Guilford Courthouse flag military units to carry flags that featured common American symbols (such as stripes and stars), but to make them uniquely identifiable for use as a company or regimental flag. As such, this flag was probably never intended for use as a national flag. The original flag has been preserved since 1914 in the collection of the North Carolina Museum of History in Raleigh, North Carolina. It measures 42 inches high and 100 inches on the fly. The canton is 35 inches high and 73 inches long. The stars are 8 inches in diameter and have eight points. It is considered

neg: Flags of the Confederate States of America to as "the Confederate Flag". They both have become a widely recognized symbol of the Southern United States. It is also known as the "rebel flag", "Dixie flag", and "Southern cross" and is often incorrectly referred to as "the Stars and Bars". The actual "Stars and Bars" is the first national flag, which used , and was in use by the Confederacy until mid-1863. As of the early 21st century, the "rebel flag" has become a highly divisive symbol in the United States. Right-wing political activists in the European Union, many of whom have separatist inclinations, have been known to

neg: Trial of George Zimmerman will get civil immunity in a civil hearing, and we will see just how many civil lawsuits have spawned from this fiasco". Police in Oakland, California, said about one hundred people protested, with some protesters breaking windows and starting fires in the streets. Protesters there also reportedly vandalized a police car, burned an American flag and a California state flag, and spray-painted a county courthouse. Other protests in support of the Martin family have occurred in Washington, D.C., Los Angeles, San Francisco, Chicago, Denver, Baltimore, Detroit and New York City, among others. Zimmerman's father tweeted after the verdict: "Our whole

neg: Flag of Ecuador five horizontal alternating stripes, and three white stars in the middle stripe, was raised for the first time. The three stars represent Guayaquil, Portoviejo and Machala. This flag was later adopted by the Guayas Province. Gabriel García Moreno, upon assuming power two days after the Battle of Guayaquil in September 1860, the yellow, blue and red triband was returned to use; its reinstatement on 26 September is commemorated as "Día de la Bandera", or National Flag Day in English. Previously, a vertical white, blue and white flag was used. In the middle of the blue stripe, there were white stars

neg: Flag of Georgia (U.S. state) the American Revolutionary War. Within the arms, a sword is drawn to represent the defense of the state's constitution. An additional motto, In God We Trust, is positioned underneath these elements acting as the state's "foundation". The ring of stars that encompass the state's coat of arms symbolize Georgia's status as one of the original Thirteen Colonies. The design principle is based on the first national flag of the Confederacy, which was nicknamed the "Stars and Bars". Before 1879, the state lacked an official state flag, though an 1861 law (during the American Civil War) required that militia units deployed

neg: Flag of American Samoa Flag of American Samoa The flag of American Samoa is a flag consisting of a red-edged white triangle pointing towards the hoist charged with a bald eagle clutching a war club and fly-whisk, with dark blue upper and lower triangles. Adopted in April 1960 to replace the "Stars and Stripes" as the official flag of the territory, it has been the flag of the Territory of American Samoa since that year. The colors used epitomize the traditional colors of the United States and Samoa. Before the first Europeans set foot on the islands in the 18th century, Samoa did not

neg: FTL Newsfeed a new world to populate, mine, construct and exploit. But hidden from the citizens of the Union are the many setbacks, delays, disasters and the true cost. The North American Union uses the democratic system of election to fill the post of President. The only change is the removal of the archaic Electoral College. There are still senators, congressmen and, in functioning cities, mayors. Leader: Georges Favreau Capital: Brussels Flag: crossed gold swords in a circle of white stars centered on a field of Swiss blue. The politically and economically unified European Community (EC) now stretches from Ireland to Russia.

neg: Flag of Tokelau with the necessary supermajority), and another one in October 2007 fell 16 votes short. An alternative and unofficial flag has been reported. The three stars in this flag represent the three atolls which make up the islands of Tokelau. In June 2007 the regional parliament ("General Fono") decided over the future flag, anthem and national symbol of Tokelau. The proposed flag depicted a stylized Polynesian canoe and four stars. The stars represent the three main islands and also Swains Island, administered by the United States (American Samoa) but claimed by Tokelau. As the required supermajority was not reached in the

neg: Flag of the Comoros of a green triangle. The flag has four stripes, representing four islands of the nation: yellow is for Mohéli, white is for Mayotte (claimed by Comoros but administered by France), red is for Anjouan, and blue is for Grande Comore. The four stars on the flag also symbolize the four islands of the Comoros. The star and crescent symbol stands for Islam, which is the nation's major religion. The stars point usually point up as reflected in the model supplied when the flag was adopted, but legal documents concerning the flag do not specify the flags orientation and there is

neg: CSS Alabama launched as "Enrica" at Birkenhead, Merseyside in North West England, six more white, 5-pointed stars had been added to the "Stars and Bars" far away across the Atlantic on the Confederate mainland. One such early "Stars and Bars" battle ensign was salvaged from "Alabama"s floating debris, following her sinking by "Kearsarge". It still survives and is held by the Alabama Department of Archives and History. It is listed there as "Auxiliary Flag of the C.S.S. Alabama, Catalogue No. 86.3766.1." According to their provenance reconstruction, DeCost Smith, an American from New England, discovered this "Stars and Bars" ensign in a Paris

neg: Haym Salomon marker with an American flag was installed by Robert S. Whitman, marking the dedicated space for the American patriot. There is a legend that during the design process of the Great Seal, Washington asked what compensation Salomon wanted in return for his financial contributions to the American Revolutionary War. He replied that "he wanted nothing for himself but that he wanted something for his people". While there is no evidence, there is a theory that the 13 stars representing the colonies on the seal were arranged in the shape of the Star of David in commemoration of Solomon's contributions. This

neg: Australasian Anti-Transportation League Flag based on the blue ensign — blue background with the Union Flag in the Canton — and has gold or yellow stars of the Southern Cross on the fly. Each of the stars of the Southern Cross was symbolic of a member colony. There is a white border around three sides of the flag, which was used to display the name of the League, the year it was established and the name of the colony where it was flown. The flag was no longer used after transportation was ceased in 1853; however, the design of the flag is similar to

neg: Flag of Oklahoma stars. The five white stars are attributed to represent the Five Civilized Tribes first removed to then Indian Territory in the 1830s, who settled the land long before European-Americans. Flag of Oklahoma The flag of the state of Oklahoma consists of a traditional Osage Nation buffalo-skin shield with seven eagle feathers on a sky blue field. The Osage shield is covered by two symbols of peace: the Plains-style ceremonial pipe representing Native Americans, and the olive branch representing European Americans. Six golden brown crosses, Native American symbols for stars, are spaced on the shield. The blue field is inspired by

neg: Flag of Novorossiya The flag has a marked resemblance to the flag of the Confederate States of America's navy jack and battle flag, but without the stars of the "Dixie flag". However, the leader of the New Russia Party, Pavel Gubarev, has stated that the inspiration for the flag came from banners used by Cossacks in the 18th century. The Confederate flag, including the stars, has been widely used by right-wing political activists in Europe, many with separatist inclinations. In Ukraine it has been reported used both by far-right pro-Kiev groups and by separatists. Flag of Novorossiya The blue-red proposed flag of the

neg: Betsy Ross flag Invention of History." Ross biographer Marla Miller points out, however, that even if one accepts Canby's presentation, Betsy Ross was merely one of several flag makers in Philadelphia, and her only contribution to the design was to change the 6-pointed stars to the easier 5-pointed stars. According to the traditional account, the original flag was made in June 1776, when a small committee including George Washington, Robert Morris and relative George Ross visited Betsy and discussed the need for a new American flag. Betsy accepted the job to manufacture the flag, altering the committee's design by replacing the six-pointed stars

neg: Lorenzo Carter were still 13 British colonies. The Revolutionaries determined the stars and stripes would signify the Republic they were fighting to form. It is made of homespun linen and handstitched. The red stripes were dyed with cranberries and the blue with elderberries. Thirteen stars are scattered across a light blue background. This flag is about 8' by 10'. This flag was made during the Revolution before this country was even formed. It was 1775 and emotions ran high, many of them caught and spurred higher by the word "LIBERTY" sewn onto the flag. The flag now resides with The Western Reserve

neg: Flag of Australia 1831 Federation Flag, also designed by Nicholson. This flag was the same at the National Colonial Flag, except that the cross was blue instead of resembling that of St. George. Although the flag was designed by Nicholson in 1831, it did not become widely popular until the latter part of the century, when calls for federation began to grow louder. These flags, and many others such as the Eureka Flag (which came into use at the Eureka Stockade in 1854), featured stars representing the Southern Cross. The oldest known flag to show the stars arranged as they are seen in

neg: Five-pointed star features 13 five-pointed stars arranged in a circle, with the stars arranged pointing outwards from the circle (as opposed to up), the so-called Betsy Ross flag. The American flag shown in the painting "Surrender of Lord Cornwallis" by John Trumbull (c. 1820, depicting an event of 1781) shows twelve stars arranged along the outline of a rectangle with an additional star in the center. Five-pointed stars became more frequently used in the 19th century. The coat of arms of Valais, adopted for the Rhodanic Republic (1802), was designed with twelve five-pointed stars. The flag of Chile, introduced in 1817, has

neg: Flag of Tennessee too much crimson when hanging limp." The "National Geographic" magazine erroneously reported in October 1917 that the stars represent Tennessee's status as the third state to enter the United States after the original thirteen. Tennessee state law dictates on how the center emblem is drawn on the flag. In 1976, the United States Postal Service issued a sheet of stamps with one stamp for each state. The Tennessee flag was upside down as represented on its stamp. As the civil war was approaching in 1861, a flag was first proposed for the state. It was modeled after the First National

neg: Honduras displays with people from many countries. This celebration is also accompanied by the Milk Fair, where many Hondurans come to show off their farm products and animals. The flag of Honduras is composed of three equal horizontal stripes. The blue upper and lower stripes represent the Pacific Ocean and the Caribbean Sea. The central stripe is white. It contains five blue stars representing the five states of the Central American Union. The middle star represents Honduras, located in the center of the Central American Union. The coat of arms was established in 1945. It is an equilateral triangle, at the

neg: There's a Red-Bordered Flag in the Window There's a Red-Bordered Flag in the Window There's a Red-Bordered Flag in the Window is a World War I era song released in 1918. Fred Ziemer wrote the lyrics. J.R. Shannon composed the music. The song was published by Vandersloot Music Publishing Company of Williamsport, Pennsylvania. On the cover, there is a red-bordered service flag with two blue stars. It hangs in front of a window. On each of the two stars is a picture of a mother and her son. The piece was written for both voice and piano. The song is directed at a mother of a soldier.

neg: Flag of Australia by 66%, with 5% uncommitted. The connection with the Australian flag is also notable the highest response to it is "extremely proud" and it is the "most embraced Australian symbol." Flag of Australia The flag of Australia is a defaced Blue Ensign: a blue field with the Union Jack in the canton (upper hoist quarter), and a large white seven-pointed star known as the Commonwealth Star in the lower hoist quarter. The fly contains a representation of the Southern Cross constellation, made up of five white stars – one small five-pointed star and four, larger, seven-pointed stars. There are other

neg: Flag of Bosnia and Herzegovina a diagonally striped tricolour pattern of red to white to blue (different colours but in the same pattern as the Flag of the Republic of the Congo). In the centre there would be a blue map of Bosnia and Herzegovina outlined in yellow in the middle inside a circle of 10 five-pointed yellow stars. The flag would have been a 1:2 ratio. The second flag proposed was very similar except it had 12 five-pointed stars to represent the European Union. The Flag of Europe has the 12 five-pointed stars. The third design was a bit more different from the first

neg: Betsy Ross flag white, and blue for the flag. Historians and experts discredit the common theory that the stripes and five-pointed stars derived from the Washington family coat of arms. While this theory adds to Washington's legendary involvement in the development of the first flag, no evidence other than the obvious one that his coat of arms, like the Stars and Stripes, has stars and stripes in it exists to show any connection between the two. Washington was aware that "most admire ... the trappings of elevated office," but for himself claimed "To me there is nothing in it." However, he frequently used

neg: Flag of New Zealand flag has often arisen in connection with the issue of republicanism in New Zealand. The Southern Cross constellation is depicted on the flags of other former British colonies, such as the flag of Australia—although in Australia's case there are six all-white stars, while New Zealand's four stars have red centres. The Australian and New Zealand flags are often mistaken for each other, and this confusion has been cited as a reason for adopting a different design. Debate on keeping or changing the New Zealand flag started before May 1973, when a remit to change the flag was voted down by

neg: Flag of Chicago the points of the stars represent important virtues or concepts. The historic events represented by the stars are Fort Dearborn, the Great Chicago Fire of 1871, the World's Columbian Exposition of 1893, and the Century of Progress Exposition of 1933–34. In a review by the North American Vexillological Association of 150 American city flags, the Chicago city flag was ranked second best with a rating of 9.03 out of 10, behind only the flag of Washington, D.C. The three white background areas of the flag represent, from top to bottom, the North, West, and South sides of the city. The

neg: Circle of stars detailed correct iconography for paintings of the Virgin of the Immaculate Conception, which included the circle of stars (he also advised the inquisition in Seville on artistic matters). This was followed by Murillo and his school in very many paintings, and influenced non-Spanish depictions. The European flag consists of 12 golden stars in a circle on a blue background. The stars symbolise the ideals of unity, solidarity and harmony among the peoples of Europe. The number of stars has nothing to do with the number of member countries, though the circle is a symbol of unity. The European flag, first

neg: Betsy Ross American history. American historian Laurel Thatcher Ulrich further explored this line of enquiry in a 2007 article, "How Betsy Ross Became Famous: Oral Tradition, Nationalism, and the Invention of History". Ross was merely one of several flag makers in Philadelphia (such as Rebecca Young, who is historically documented to have made the earlier Grand Union Flag of 1775–76, with the British Union Jack of the crosses of St. George and St. Andrew, in the upper corner canton and 13 alternating red and white stripes for the "United Colonies") for the Continental Army, along with many other ships' colors, banners, and

neg: Flag of Malaysia flag, each state in Malaya had its own flag, many of which are unchanged in design to this day. When the Federation of Malaya replaced the short lived Malayan Union, the federation government through the Federal Legislative Council called for a design contest for a new flag. Three flags were forwarded to the public. The first flag had 11 white stars with two Malay "kris" (daggers) in the middle against a blue backdrop. The second flag consisted of "concentric circle of 11 stars around crossed keris on a blue field". The third design had 11 alternate blue and white stripes

neg: Flag of Arkansas Confederate battle flag. The three stars below "ARKANSAS" have three separate meanings: The statute states that the two outer, upward-pointing stars of the three are considered "twin stars" representing the "twin states" of Arkansas and Michigan, which it claims were admitted together on June 15, 1836. However, that part of the statute contains two inaccuracies: In 2001, a survey conducted by the North American Vexillological Association (NAVA) placed the Arkansas state flag 45th in design quality out of the 72 Canadian provincial, U.S. state, and U.S. territory flags ranked. The law defining the flag also defines a text to be

neg: Flag of the United States which is now the American national anthem. The flag is currently on display in the exhibition, "The Star-Spangled Banner: The Flag That Inspired the National Anthem" at the Smithsonian Institution National Museum of American History in a two-story display chamber that protects the flag while it is on view. On April 4, 1818, a plan was passed by Congress at the suggestion of U.S. Naval Captain Samuel C. Reid in which the flag was changed to have 20 stars, with a new star to be added when each new state was admitted, but the number of stripes would be reduced

neg: Fairfield, Washington Fairfield, Washington Fairfield is a town in Spokane County, Washington, United States. The population was 612 at the 2010 census. In 1888, E.H. Morrison named Fairfield after his wife's hometown. Fairfield was officially incorporated on March 3, 1905. Fairfield has many events. The most popular event is Flag Day. Flag day is celebration of the adoption of the American flag. In the morning there is a Fun Run at 7 a.m. followed by the official Flag Day parade down Main St. at approximately 10:30 a.m. Then throughout the day there are fun games, booths, and a beer garden that's open

neg: Australasian Anti-Transportation League Flag many later flags, including the Flag of New Zealand, Flag of Victoria, and Flag of Australia. Australasian Anti-Transportation League Flag The Australian Anti-Transportation League Flag is a flag used historically by members of the Australasian Anti-Transportation League who opposed penal transportation to the British colonies which are now a part of Australia. It is particularly significant as it is the oldest known flag to feature a representation of the Southern Cross with the stars arranged as they are seen in the sky. The flag was designed in 1849 by Reverend John West of Launceston, Tasmania, and from 1851 was used

neg: Betsy Ross flag 1777, establishing the first congressional standard for official United States ensigns. The shape and arrangement of the stars is not mentioned there were variations but the legal description gives the Ross flag legitimacy. "Resolved," That the flag of the thirteen United States be thirteen stripes, alternate red and white; that the union be thirteen stars, white in a blue field, representing a new constellation. In a 1780 letter to the Continental Board of Admiralty dealing with the Great Seal, Hopkinson mentioned patriotic designs he created in the past few years including "the Flag of the United States of America." He

neg: Flag of Europe called "Le vitrail de l'Europe de Max Ingand" (The Glass Window of Europe of Max Ingand). The EU emblem ("EU flag") is depicted on the euro banknotes. Euro coins also display circle of twelve stars on both the national and common sides. It is also depicted on many driving licences and vehicle registration plates issued in the Union. A number of logos used by EU institutions, bodies and agencies are derived from the design and colours of the EU emblem. Other emblems make reference to the European flag, such as the EU organic food label that uses the twelve stars

neg: Pirate Flag (song) Pirate Flag (song) "Pirate Flag" is a song recorded by American country music artist Kenny Chesney. It was released in February 2013 as the first single from his album "Life on a Rock". The song was written by Ross Copperman and David Lee Murphy. Billy Dukes of "Taste of Country" gave the song three stars out of five, writing that "the more organic approach on this song is a breath of fresh air" and "the melody isn’t immediately catchy, but the arrangement bounces along in a pleasing manner." Matt Bjorke of "Roughstock" gave the song four stars out of five,

neg: Secret societies in colonial Singapore existing Chinese ones, namely the Red Flag and White Flag. The Red and White Flag respectively showed how there was great diversity amongst and within secret societies, as while both groups comprised mainly Indian Muslims, there were also Indian Hindus, Jawi Peranakans and Malays, which showed how secret societies transcended religion and ethnicity. The trend of authorities having a hand in collaboration with secret societies is again seen with the case of the Red Flag and White Flag, where ethnic Indian police were bribed to join them. Also, when conflicts between these two groups broke out in the 1860s, they

neg: Flag of Tuvalu all nine stars being restored. Population pressures have since resulted in the ninth island being settled. Flag of Tuvalu The current flag of Tuvalu was instated when the country became independent in 1978, after the separation from the Gilbert Islands in 1976. Like many former and current British dependencies, the Tuvaluan flag is a blue ensign based on the Union Flag, which is shown in the upper left canton of the flag; but has a sky blue field rather than the conventional blue. The previous flag (with the Gilberts) was also based on the Union Flag but with the coat

neg: Eureka Flag A century after it was first hoisted, however, Australian authors began to recognise that it had been an inspiration, both in spirit and design, for many banners up to and including the current official civil and state flags of the nation." With respect to the provenance of the star spangled Eureka Flag, Withers published in the "Ballarat Star", on 1 May 1896, an article which contained a quote from John McNeil, who recalled a meeting on Bakery Hill when Robert McCandlish "unbuttoned his coat and took out and unfurled a light blue flag with some stars on it, but there

neg: Flag of Liberia representing the African continent. The Liberian flag is modeled after and resembles the American flag at the time in the 1820s and 1830s, (26 stars / states) because Liberia was founded, colonized, established, and controlled by freed African-American and Caribbean / West Indies slaves as settlers from the United States and the Caribbean with the help and support from the American Colonization Society (ACS), which was a private organization establishment that sent freed American and ex-Caribbean slaves as settlers from the United States and the Caribbean. When the freed American slaves arrived in Liberia in 1822, they identified themselves as

neg: Jenny Lind tour of America, 1850–52 with bloody noses, and two boys, about twelve years of age, appeared to be seriously injured. Had not the rush been checked in time, many lives would have been lost." When she set foot on American soil, Lind kissed her hand to the U.S. flag and exclaimed, "There is the beautiful standard of freedom, which is worshipped by the oppressed of all nations." She further endeared herself to the welcoming crowd by stopping Barnum's coachman from clearing a path through the throng with his whip. When she realised how much money Barnum stood to make from the tour, Lind insisted

neg: Australian Federation Flag not red, and there are five stars, not four. The flag's appearance varied greatly depending on where it was made: different manufacturers produced Federation Flags with darker or lighter shades of blue for the cross background; using five-pointed stars instead of eight; or positioning the stars in different places. The Eureka Flag, flown by rebels at the Eureka Stockade in 1854, was reportedly influenced by designs such as the Federation flag. While the Federation Flag proved popular and was widely used on the East Coast of Australia for over 70 years, it was never officially adopted. It was especially popular

neg: Star (heraldry) of the Southern Cross consisting of four or five stars. The star and crescent symbol is found in flags of states succeeding the Ottoman Empire, which used flags with this symbol during 1793-1923. The twelve stars on the Flag of Europe (1955) symbolize unity. The green five-pointed star on the Esperanto flag (1890) symbolizes the five inhabited continents. The 50 stars of the US flag is the largest number on any national flag. The second-largest number of stars on a current national flag is 27, on the flag of Brazil. The current national flags featuring stars include: Not bearing heraldic

neg: Flag Acts (United States) enacted by Congress on April 4, 1818. It provided for the modern rule of having thirteen stripes to represent the original thirteen colonies and having the number of stars match the number of states. It also provided that subsequent changes in the number of stars be made on July 4, Independence Day. As the result of the lack of a Flag Act between 1794 and 1818, there were no official U.S. flags with sixteen, seventeen, eighteen, or nineteen stars. No flag laws were enacted to accompany the admission of new states to the Union during this period. Flag Acts (United

neg: Stars and bars (combinatorics) Stars and bars (combinatorics) In the context of combinatorial mathematics, stars and bars is a graphical aid for deriving certain combinatorial theorems. It was popularized by William Feller in his classic book on probability. It can be used to solve many simple counting problems, such as how many ways there are to put "n" indistinguishable balls into "k" distinguishable bins. The stars and bars method is often introduced specifically to prove the following two theorems of elementary combinatorics. For any pair of positive integers "n" and "k", the number of "k"-tuples of positive integers whose sum is "n" is equal

neg: Betsy Ross Betsy Ross Elizabeth Griscom Ross (January 1, 1752 – January 30, 1836), née Griscom, also known by her second and third married names, Ashburn and Claypoole, is widely credited with making the first American flag. According to family tradition, upon a visit from General George Washington, commander-in-chief of the Continental Army, in 1776, Ross convinced George Washington to change the shape of the stars he had sketched for the flag from six-pointed to five-pointed by demonstrating that it was easier and speedier to cut the latter. However, there is no archival evidence or other recorded verbal tradition to substantiate this

neg: Acuity Insurance structure. The new flag pole stands tall. A by flag was raised for the first time on May 22, 2014. The pole has a concrete base spanning wide at the bottom. In November 2015, Acuity Insurance began flying a by flag. The new flag at Acuity Insurance, covering nearly 10,000 square feet, features stripes that are over 5 feet high and stars that are nearly 3 feet across. Weighing 340 pounds dry, the nylon flag requires 72 cubic feet of storage space when not being flown. The flag is the world's largest free-flying American flag. Acuity Insurance Acuity Insurance is

neg: Lincoln assassination flags verified. However the proximity of the flag to Lincoln makes both scenarios possible. An illustration from Currier & Ives depicts the Lincoln assassination, showing Lincoln clutching a flag to his left. This flag, which is shown with red and white stripes and a blue canton with stars could be the Treasury Guard flag or an American flag. It has also been suggested that Booth may have caught his spur on the Treasury Guard flag while trying to escape after assassinating Lincoln. It is widely debated which flag, if any, Booth tripped over in the escape, breaking his leg. The second

neg: Kit Hinrichs the American flag: Stars & Stripes: "Ninety-six Top Designers and Graphic Artists Offer Their Personal Interpretations of Old Glory", "Long May She Wave: A Graphic History of the American Flag", "100 American Flags: A Unique Collection of Old Glory Memorabilia", and "The American Flag: Two Centuries of Concord and Conflict". Hinrichs has won hundreds of design awards, including the AIGA Medal in 2004 and an honorary Doctorate of Letters by Art Center College of Design in 2009. He is represented in several permanent collections including: the Museum of Modern Art (MoMA) in New York; the Library of Congress in Washington,

neg: Flag and seal of Illinois flag into law on September 17, 1969, and the new flag was designed by Mrs. Sanford Hutchinson and became the official flag on July 1, 1970. For Illinois's first 100 years of statehood in 1918, Wallace Rice, who designed Chicago's flag, designed a centennial flag for the state. It had three horizontal bands of equal width alternating white, blue, white. It was charged with 21 stars along the edge of the hoist. There were 10 blue stars in the upper white band and 10 in the lower white band, representing the 10 northern and 10 southern states at the time

neg: Flag of the United States Air Force represented by an organizational service streamer, which is not embroidered. Flag of the United States Air Force The flag of the United States Air Force consists of the coat of arms of the Air Force, which is composed of 13 white stars and the Department of the Air Force seal, on a blue background. The 13 stars represent the 13 original colonies, the three star grouping at the top portray the three Departments of the Department of Defense (Army, Navy, and Air Force). The crest includes the North American bald eagle, the cloud formation depicts the creation of a new

neg: Australian Aboriginal Flag after recommendations of the Council's Reconciliation Committee, the Aboriginal Flag has been permanently flown in Victoria Square and in front of the Town Hall. Many buildings in Australia fly the Aboriginal flag as well as the Australian flag, the Melbourne Trades Hall being an example. Various councils in Australian towns fly the Aboriginal flag from the town halls, such as Bendigo (adopted in 2005). The first city council to fly the Aboriginal flag was Newcastle City Council in 1977. And it is used as the team colours of the all-aboriginal AFL team The Fitzroy Stars. The Aboriginal flag is sometimes

neg: Betsy Ross became the national anthem, "The Star-Spangled Banner". Pickersgill's small 1793 rowhouse is still preserved in East Baltimore's Old Town neighborhood at East Pratt and Albemarle Streets and is known as the "Flag House & Star-Spangled Banner Museum". Occasionally over the decades, there has been some controversy and disagreement between the relative merits and historical accuracies of the two flag-making traditions and historical sites in Philadelphia and Baltimore. It is thought that Ross' only contribution to the flag design was to change the 6-pointed stars to the easier 5-pointed stars. Scholars, however, accept the claim by Francis Hopkinson—a member of the

neg: Flag of Oklahoma Flag of Oklahoma The flag of the state of Oklahoma consists of a traditional Osage Nation buffalo-skin shield with seven eagle feathers on a sky blue field. The Osage shield is covered by two symbols of peace: the Plains-style ceremonial pipe representing Native Americans, and the olive branch representing European Americans. Six golden brown crosses, Native American symbols for stars, are spaced on the shield. The blue field is inspired by the Choctaw flag adopted by the tribe in 1860 and carried though the American Civil War. The blue field also represents devotion. The shield surmounted by the calumet and

neg: Flag football Football League Flag football Flag football is a version of American football where the basic rules of the game are similar to those of the mainstream game (often called "tackle football" for contrast), but instead of tackling players to the ground, the defensive team must remove a flag or flag belt from the ball carrier ("deflagging") to end a down, and contact is not permitted between players which will result in a penalty for the team that initiates it. Chiefly because there is no dominant sanctioning organization for the sport, the game has mutated into many variations: 9, 8, 7,

neg: Flag football Flag football Flag football is a version of American football where the basic rules of the game are similar to those of the mainstream game (often called "tackle football" for contrast), but instead of tackling players to the ground, the defensive team must remove a flag or flag belt from the ball carrier ("deflagging") to end a down, and contact is not permitted between players which will result in a penalty for the team that initiates it. Chiefly because there is no dominant sanctioning organization for the sport, the game has mutated into many variations: 9, 8, 7, 6, 5,