query: when did governors island open to the public

pos: Governors Island of the Castle for the theater was not congruous with its historical significance. In a last-minute act while in office, President Bill Clinton designated 22 acres of the island, including the two great forts, as Governors Island National Monument on January 19, 2001. In the next year on April 1, 2002, President George W. Bush, Governor Pataki, and Mayor Michael Bloomberg announced that the federal government would sell Governors Island to the people of New York for a nominal cost, and that the island would be used for public benefit. At the time of the transfer, deed restrictions were created

pos: Governors Island of the Castle for the theater was not congruous with its historical significance. In a last-minute act while in office, President Bill Clinton designated 22 acres of the island, including the two great forts, as Governors Island National Monument on January 19, 2001. In the next year on April 1, 2002, President George W. Bush, Governor Pataki, and Mayor Michael Bloomberg announced that the federal government would sell Governors Island to the people of New York for a nominal cost, and that the island would be used for public benefit. At the time of the transfer, deed restrictions were created

neg: Governors Island Governors Island Governors Island is a island in New York Harbor, approximately from the southern tip of Manhattan Island and separated from Brooklyn by Buttermilk Channel, approximately . It is part of the borough of Manhattan in New York City. The National Park Service administers a small portion of the north of the island as the Governors Island National Monument, while the Trust for Governors Island operates the remaining 150 acres, including 52 historic buildings. Today, Governors Island is a popular seasonal destination open to the public between May and September with a 43-acre public park completed between 2012 and

neg: Governors Island York for public purposes. Since 2014 the Alliance has been an independent non-profit. In 2016 it was renamed "Friends of Governors Island". The "Friends" run volunteer and membership programs, raise money and perform advocacy for the island. From its transfer in the years 2003 to 2015, Governors Island was open to the public on weekends during the summer. Now the island can be visited seven days a week from May 1 through October 31. Starting in 2010, weekend ferry service commenced between Governors Island and Brooklyn Bridge Park's Pier 6 at Atlantic Avenue. On the island, passengers depart and arrive

neg: Governors Island 2018, a glamorous camping, or "glamping", retreat was opened on Governors Island. The glamping facility was located on 6 acres of land and would be open through November 2018. Customers, or "glampers", would be allowed to use the island at 7 a.m., three hours before the island opened to the general public each day. There are several tiers of tent accommodations, as well as daily activities for glampers. Since the decision by the US Coast Guard to vacate the island in 1995, the Governors Island Alliance and its 50 member organizations led a campaign to return the island to New

neg: Governors Island National Monument defense or Coast Guard purposes, the establishment of the monument provided an excellent opportunity for the public to observe and understand the harbor history, its defense and its ecology. The island and monument, currently under development, has been open on a seasonal basis during the summer months since 2003. In 2010, over 400,000 visitors visited the island and monument on weekends during a 60-day summer season. In 2014, the island began opening to the public seven days a week during its public access season running from Memorial Day weekend to the last weekend in September. Notes Bibliography Governors Island National

neg: Governors Island with private developers and civic planners began to offer opinions and ideas on the island's future that included housing, parks, education and private development. In 1996, Van Alen Institute hosted an ideas competition called "Public Property" which asked designers "to consider the urban potential of Governors Island in terms of spatial adjacencies and experiential overlaps between a range of actions, actors, events, and ecologies... to acknowledge the physical reality of cities and their historic programmatic complexity as fundamental to the survival of a vital public realm." The competition was open to anyone who registered. More than 200 entries from students,

neg: Governors Island hourly and daily rates. New York Water Taxi operates an artificial beach on the northern tip of the island. The island is roughly divided in half by a street called Division Road. The northeastern half is currently open to the public. The southwestern half, which contains the abandoned U.S. Coast Guard housing and service areas, is still in redevelopment and some sections remain closed to the public. However, three sections of the park are open: the southern end Picnic Point, the central Hammock Grove as of 2014, and The Hills on the southwestern corner as of 2016. The island's circumferential

neg: Governors Island drive along the waterfront is also open to the public. Demolition of the U.S. Coast Guard housing began in 2008. It is on the grounds of the former Liberty Village housing area that was used by Coast Guard families between 1988 and 1996. There are still Coast Guard buildings and barracks, not of historical significance, in areas yet to be redeveloped. The Governors Island Art Fair has taken place annually on the island during weekends in September since 2007. Originally located in buildings on Colonel's Row, the event has grown to include Castle Williams and Fort Jay as artist venues.

neg: Fort Jay National Monument, administered by the National Park Service with Fort Jay recognized as being one of the finest remaining examples of the Second System of American military fortifications. Since 2003, both fortifications have been open to the public on a summer seasonal basis as they undergo stabilization and the remainder of the island undergoes redevelopment by the City of New York through the Trust for Governors Island. Fort Jay Fort Jay is a coastal star fort and the name of a former United States Army post on Governors Island in New York Harbor, within New York City. Fort Jay is

neg: Rhode Island Board of Governors for Higher Education Rhode Island Board of Governors for Higher Education The Rhode Island Board of Governors for Higher Education (commonly referred to as the Board of Governors is one of two State Agencies in Rhode Island used for academia, the other being the Rhode Island Department of Elementary and Secondary Education. The Board of Governors oversees the Public institutions of Rhode Island, being the University of Rhode Island, Rhode Island College, and the Community College of Rhode Island. The Mission statement states that "The mission of the Rhode Island Board of Governors for Higher Education is to provide an excellent, efficient, accessible

neg: Governors Island Art Fair installation. Historic and full of potential, it is perhaps the last great expanse of undeveloped space for public use in New York City. GIAF 2008 was launched in September 2008 as a six weeks event and exhibited 50 artists. In 2009, GIAF is a four-week event September 5–27 exhibiting over 100 artists. Over 120 independent artists and galleries in five buildings on Governors Island. Over 120 independent artists and galleries in five buildings on Governors Island, September 2–25, 2011. Governors Island Art Fair Governors Island Art Fair (GIAF) is an annual event on Governors Island in New York Harbor presented

neg: Governors Island Art Fair Governors Island Art Fair Governors Island Art Fair (GIAF) is an annual event on Governors Island in New York Harbor presented by The 4heads Collective. It is an exhibition created entirely by artists and volunteers working together to share in the public space generously provided by the Governors Island Preservation and Education Corporation. Housed in a deserted army barracks, the fair exhibits the work of over 100 artists from around the world, working in all disciplines. The founders and organizers have established a hands-off curatorial environment, inviting the individual artists to create an experience of their own. This allows viewers

neg: Governors Island CURE proposed "a 92-acre national historic district on the island, 3.9 million square feet for public buildings like schools and 270 acres of open space" in their plan. This proposal, called LoLo, would require 23 million cubic yards of landfill and allow for up to 88 million square feet of new development, while providing new subway stations from the extension of the and trains. and a bridge to Red Hook, Brooklyn. The proposed landfill bridge would also serve as a storm surge barrier. On May 24, 2012, Mayor Michael Bloomberg broke ground on the new park and public spaces designed

neg: Rhode Island Board of Governors for Higher Education and affordable system of higher education designed to improve the overall educational attainment of Rhode Islanders and thereby enrich the intellectual, economic, social and cultural life of the state, its residents, and its communities." In 2011, the Board of Governors approved a measure for the Rhode Island public education community, which permitted in-state tuition breaks to illegal immigrants. Incumbent Governor Lincoln Chafee supported the measure, calling it a "policy change" that would "improve the intellectual and culture life of Rhode Island". Rhode Island Board of Governors for Higher Education The Rhode Island Board of Governors for Higher Education (commonly referred

neg: Harbor Defenses of New York guns was emplaced in Greater New York in the late 1940s, followed by Nike missile systems in the 1950s; both of these systems reused many of the coast defense sites. The Nike missiles were removed in the early 1970s. Fort Wadsworth, Fort Tilden, and Fort Hancock are parts of the Gateway National Recreation Area, managed by the National Park Service and open to the public. Fort Jay and Castle Williams are in Governors Island National Monument, also a national park; they are also open to the public with a collection of Civil War-era cannon and good interpretive signage. The third

neg: United Nations Ocean Conference with the World Environment Day on 5 June. On 4 June the World Ocean Festival took place at New York City's Governors Island. The festival was hosted by the City of New York, organized by the Global Brain Foundation and was free and open to the public. China announced a new international sailing competition and Noahs Sailing Club press officer Rebecca Wang stated that "sailing allows for a better appreciation of the ocean and the natural environment. Many wealthy Chinese think of luxury yachts when they think of maritime sports, and we're trying to foster a maritime culture that's more

neg: Governors Island National Monument congressional delegation, he established a Governors Island National Monument by Presidential Proclamation 7402 of January 19, 2001. The proclamation did not fully establish the boundaries of the monument, but did set forth the federal intention of preserving the fortifications, Fort Jay and Castle Williams, the oldest and most historic features on the island. The Justice Department under President George W. Bush concluded the proclamation possessed technical errors, but did not revoke or invalidate the proclamation. In an April 2002 White House meeting with city and state officials, President Bush announced his intention to sell the island to the city and

neg: Patrick Lynch (Rhode Island attorney general) he needed to more carefully disclose his campaign spending. At issue was some $9,000 in petty cash transactions that were not properly documented. The State Board of Elections did not fine Lynch whose campaign filed corrected paperwork amidst being confronted with the issue. The complaint was filed by the Rhode Island Republican Party. On July 15, 2010, Lynch announced his exit from the Governors race, and endorsed fellow Democrat Frank Caprio. In his statement, Lynch said: "I did not enter public service to become a footnote in history by injuring my party, resulting in the election of a governor who

neg: Governors Island George Pataki and Mayor Michael Bloomberg called for "visionary ideas to redevelop and preserve Governors Island" to be submitted to Governors Island Preservation and Education Corporation (GIPEC). The announcement said proposals should "enhance New York's place as a center of culture, business, education and innovation," include public parkland, contribute to the harbor's vitality and stress "environmentally sustainable development." Deputy Mayor Dan Doctoroff said whatever group or entity is selected to develop the island would assume the $12 million annual maintenance costs that are now split between the city and state. In early 2007, GIPEC paused in the search for developers,

neg: Governors Island major Army administrative center. Army officers' families started to move in, and resources, such as a movie theater, a YMCA, an "officer's club," a public school, and three chapels, were built. In 1885, the first incinerator in the U.S. was built on Governors Island. Using material excavated from the first New York City subway line (the IRT Lexington Avenue Line under Lexington Avenue), the Army Corps of Engineers supervised the deposit of of fill on the south side of Governors Island, adding of flat, treeless land by 1912 and bringing the total acreage of the island to 172. By 1912,

neg: Samuel Ward (American statesman) Crown unless the grievances were removed. The day before the act was to become effective, all of the royal governors took an oath to sustain it. Among the colonial governors, only Samuel Ward of Rhode Island refused the act. In so doing, he forfeited his position, and was threatened with a huge fine, but this did not deter him. Ultimately, the act was repealed, with news reaching the colonies in May 1766 to public rejoicing. The conflict for independence was delayed, but not abandoned. In the 1767 election Ward once again lost to his nemesis, but Hopkins would not seek

neg: William D. Leahy March 20, 1939. From September 1939 to November 1940, Leahy served as Governor of Puerto Rico. He oversaw the development of military bases and stations across the island while serving as governor. He took an open stance of not intervening directly in local politics, attempted to understand and respect local customs, and initiated various major public works projects in the island. While given the unflattering sobriquet "Almirante Lija" ("Admiral Sandpaper") by locals, based on his family name, he was regarded as one of the most lenient American governors of the several that served Puerto Rico in the first half of

neg: New York Harbor School the school could better fulfill its mission. After several years and several proposals, the Governors Island Preservation and Education Corporation (GIPEC) announced in November 2006 that the Harbor School would be moving to Governors Island. The NYHS left Bushwick in July 2010 and moved to a new academic building on Governor's Island, formerly Building 550. The Harbor School runs various programs related to New York's maritime experience thus distinguishing this school from other public high schools in New York City. Private and public funding support the programs. Students at the school go out into the harbor of New York City

neg: Battery Maritime Building two larger new diesel-electric boats, the Army required larger ferry slips and docks, moving their ferry operation from an open ferry slip located at the Barge Office, west of the Staten Island Ferry Terminal to the Battery Maritime Building. When the United States Coast Guard took over Governors Island from the Army in 1966, they continued to use the terminal to provide vehicle and passenger service to the island for its 3,000 residents and 2,000 daily commuters until its departure in 1996. Between 2001 and 2005, in a $36 million renovation, the exterior of the building and its deteriorating wooden

neg: University of Rhode Island the College of Arts and Sciences and the offering of doctoral degrees. The Board of Governors for Higher Education, appointed by the governor, became the governing body of the University in 1981 during the presidency of Frank Newman (1974–1983). The Board of Governors was replaced by the Rhode Island Board of Education in 2013. The current president is David M. Dooley. A list of Presidents of the University of Rhode Island: In 2013 the faculty adopted an open-access policy to make its scholarship publicly accessible online. URI's main campus is located in northern South Kingstown, and is accessed via Rhode

neg: MV Islander M/V Islander was saved in 2007 when the State of New York made a late $500,000 bid to purchase the vessel for the Governors Island Preservation and Education Corporation (GIPEC) to provide additional ferry service between Manhattan and Governors Island. In an ironic note, one of the current SSA ferries, M/V Governor was formerly in the same service, operated by the U.S. Coast Guard to serve its Governors Island base until 1996 when the base closed and the ferry declared surplus. Following a more complete survey GIPEC determined that the ferry had hull damage from running aground and significant deferred

neg: Herbert Chitepo appointed to the Board of Governors of Bernard Mizeki College along with Sir. W. C .R. Honey and Sir Robert Tredgold. The Southern Rhodesian government did not detain him, as he did not come out in the open as an official of the nationalist movement, and the regime also feared that he was too internationally well-known to be locked up. In May 1962 ZAPU was banned because of militarism and Chitepo was persuaded to go into voluntary exile to escape possible detention. He became Tanganyika's first African Director of Public Prosecutions. The Ndabaningi Sithole and Joshua Nkomo factions of ZAPU

neg: Governing boards of colleges and universities in the United States Olaf College, University of Washington and Washington State University are known as the board of regents. The governing bodies at the University of North Carolina, University of Florida, and the Colorado State University system are known as the board of governors. Public institutions in Rhode Island are also governed by a board of governors. Five public institutions in Missouri that are not part of the UM System, among them Missouri State University, are overseen by boards of governors. The two largest universities in West Virginia, West Virginia University and Marshall University, also maintain boards of governors. The Harvard Board of

neg: Captaincy General of Puerto Rico cabildos from among the local settler population. (The island was split along the Camuy and Jacaguas rivers.) Since most of the settlers did not have the training to become governors, the system proved ineffective. The island's Spanish residents complained to the Crown. Starting in 1545 governors with legal training ("gobernadores letrados") were appointed by either the crown or the Santo Domingo "Audiencia". Filling the highest judicial office on the island, the governors heard cases in the first instance in their immediate districts, and in appeal from the regional "alcaldes". The next court of appeal was the "Audiencia" in Santo Domingo.

neg: Dave Matthews Band Caravan purchased a three-day ticket to Governors Island will be permitted to attend all three concerts at Randall's Island. Single day ticket holders who purchased tickets for August 27–28 (who were also allowed to attend the August 26 show) were allowed to attend the Randall's Island show on either September 17 or 18, depending on which ticket was purchased. For three day Governors Island ticket holders who did not attend any shows, there is also an option for a full refund. A three-day ticket holder who attended the show on August 26 can receive a two-thirds refund. A new lineup of

neg: Castle Williams from Governors Island to Fort Meade, Maryland. The U.S. Coast Guard arrived on Governors Island in 1966 and initially considered demolishing the castle. Instead it became a community center that provided a nursery, meeting rooms for scouts and clubs, a woodworking shop, art studios, a photography laboratory, and a museum. With the relocation of those civilian functions to new locations on the island in the mid-1970s, the castle ended its military career in a state of mild neglect as a storage facility and landscape shop for the Coast Guard. When the Governors Island Coast Guard base closed in 1997, the

neg: Wizard Island Merriam Cone rises about above the caldera floor, its summit is still below the average lake level. Its surface features and lack of a crater indicate that Merriam Cone formed under water. Current public access to Wizard Island is available only during the summer months when boat tours on Crater Lake are in operation. The tours depart from Cleetwood Cove at the north end of the lake, and circle the lake in the counterclockwise direction, stopping at a dock at Governors Bay on the south side of Wizard Island. Passengers on boat trips early in the day may choose to

neg: Battery Maritime Building piers were restored and its exterior repainted in its original multiple color scheme by Jan Hird Pokorny Architects. During the summer season, public ferry service to Governors Island continues from the Battery Maritime Building, operated by the Trust for Governors Island, an agency for the City of New York, since 2003. Service operates from May to October of each year. Notes Battery Maritime Building The Battery Maritime Building is a ferry terminal at 11 South Street at the corner of South and Whitehall Streets near South Ferry at the tip of Manhattan Island in New York City. It is used

neg: Captaincy General of Puerto Rico refused to recognize his heirs' right to appoint governors of the West Indies, but in 1511 the Council of Castile ruled in Diego Colón's favor. As a result, Ponce de León lost his position and left the island, not wishing to serve under Colón. The Columbus family appointed governors in Puerto Rico from then until 1536, when Diego's son, Luis Colón sold the rights to govern the Indies to the Crown. In 1511, when Diego Colón had won the right to appoint governors, the first diocese was established on the island under the auspices of the Archdiocese of Seville. (This

neg: German occupation of the Channel Islands defeat in France, the British government decided that the Channel Islands were of no strategic importance and would not be defended, but did not give Germany this information. Thus despite the reluctance of Prime Minister Winston Churchill, the British government gave up the oldest possession of the Crown "without firing a single shot." The Channel Islands served no purpose to the Germans other than the propaganda value of having occupied British territory. The "Channel Islands had been demilitarised and declared...' an open town'". On 16 June 1940, the Lieutenant-Governors of each island were instructed to make available as many boats

neg: Figment (arts event) and attendance records were set for Governors Island for the most people ever on the island on a Friday (1,486), on a Saturday (5,305), and on a Sunday (3,174), and over a single weekend (9,965). Two special projects include the City of Dreams Minigolf course (open from June 27 to October 12, 2008), and the Emergence exhibition (open from May 31 to July 26, 2008). Both of these special projects were funded by the Black Rock Arts Foundation. It is estimated that approximately 50,000 visitors to the island engaged with these exhibitions over the summer of 2008. FIGMENT 2009 took

neg: Whiskey Island (Cleveland) pursued the purchase of the eastern portion of Whiskey Island in order to expand port facilities. However, the port did not buy the land. The open space and marina were purchased by Cuyahoga County in 2004 and preserved as a public park. The area's protection was due in large part to the efforts of activist Ed Hauser, known as the "Mayor of Whiskey Island." Wendy Park at Whiskey Island opened to the public in 2005, and includes sand volleyball courts, a prairie garden, and a restaurant/bar.4 In 2014, Whiskey Island was purchased by the Cleveland Metroparks. About 7,000 people visited

neg: Governors Island 2016, free arts and cultural events, and recreational activities. The island is accessed by ferries from Brooklyn and Manhattan. The Lenape of the Manhattan region referred to the island as "Paggank" ("nut island"), likely after the island's plentiful hickory, oak, and chestnut trees; the Dutch explorer Adriaen Block called it "Noten Eylant", a translation, and this was borrowed into English as Nutten Island. The island's current name, made official in 1784, stems from the British colonial era, when the colonial assembly reserved the island for the exclusive use of New York's royal governors. In 1776, during the American Revolutionary War

neg: Lanihau of the steamer and the name given her." In October 1886, the schooner "Mary C. Bohm" purchased and repaired by the Inter-Island Steam Navigation Company was renamed the "Lanihau" for the Governess. During her governorship, Lanihau established her political seat at Koloa instead of Lihue unlike previous Kauai governors with the exception of John E. Bush who also resided in Koloa. Her gubernatorial mansion was also located at Koloa. Lanihau did not hold the post for long. Island governors traditionally had the power to appoint police officers, manage governmental lands, supervise tax collectors and collect revenues for the Crown. However,

neg: Governors Island The plan included of open space on the island, as well as provided for the restoration of the historic district and a new park on the southern half of the island. Each firm was asked their visions for the new park. Dutch landscape architecture firm West 8's proposal featured dramatic topography "in concert with winding pathways and trees to create 'conceal and reveal' vistas, choreographing the park experience." The firm also proposed free bicycle rentals around the island; and, since the island is windy, designed their proposed topography to provide moments of shelter. With transportation to and from the island,

neg: Governors Island National Monument Governors Island National Monument Governors Island National Monument, a unit of the US National park system, is located in New York City on of Governors Island, a island located a few hundred meters off the southern tip of Manhattan Island at the confluence of the Hudson and East Rivers in New York Harbor. In October 1995 the United States Coast Guard announced it would close its largest base, at Governors Island, as a cost savings measure. The Coast Guard had established the base on the island in 1966 after the U.S. Army closed Fort Jay, an Army post since 1794.

neg: Seymour Island (Nunavut) Seymour Island (Nunavut) Seymour Island is an uninhabited island in the Qikiqtaaluk Region of northern Canada's territory of Nunavut. A member of the Berkeley Islands group, it is located approximately north of northern Bathurst Island. Between Seymour Island and Bathurst Island lies Helena Island. Penny Strait lies about to the east where open water polynyas occur. It was first noted by Europeans during the search for Franklin's lost expedition around 1858 when passed in open water by an explorer's ship, who did not land. It then was described as "...a long, low reef, about 100 feet in elevation." It was

neg: Governors Island (Prince Edward Island) Governors Island (Prince Edward Island) Governors Island is a Canadian island located in Hillsborough Bay, a sub-basin of the Northumberland Strait along the south shore of Prince Edward Island. The island is located at 46'08"N, 63'04"W, approximately south from Keppoch and north from Point Prim. Roughly triangular in shape with an area of , the western point of Governors Island was used in the past for a lobster processing facility and the remainder of the land was used as an area to graze sheep and cattle. Privately owned, the island had a small airstrip developed during the 1960s but has

neg: Governors Island (Prince Edward Island) since fallen into disuse. Governors Island (Prince Edward Island) Governors Island is a Canadian island located in Hillsborough Bay, a sub-basin of the Northumberland Strait along the south shore of Prince Edward Island. The island is located at 46'08"N, 63'04"W, approximately south from Keppoch and north from Point Prim. Roughly triangular in shape with an area of , the western point of Governors Island was used in the past for a lobster processing facility and the remainder of the land was used as an area to graze sheep and cattle. Privately owned, the island had a small airstrip developed during

neg: New York Harbor School New York Harbor School The Urban Assembly New York Harbor School, also called the Harbor School, is a public high school located on Governors Island. This school is unique in New York City, which has of waterfront, in that it attempts to relate every aspect of its curriculum to the water. The school is part of the Urban Assembly network of 21 college-prep schools in New York City. A stated focus of the school is to continue to work with organizations such as Waterkeeper Alliance and the Governors Island Alliance to ensure the improvement and restoration of New York City's

neg: Lieutenant Governor of Prince Edward Island of Prince Edward Island came into being in 1786, when the government of William Pitt adopted the idea that Prince Edward Island (then St. John's Island), along with New Brunswick, Nova Scotia, and Quebec, should have as their respective governors a single individual. The earlier post of Governor of St. John's Island thus came to be occupied by the overreaching authority of the governor-in-chief, who was represented in the colony by a lieutenant. The modern incarnation of the office, however, was established in 1873, upon Prince Edward Island's entry into Confederation. Since that date, 27 lieutenant governors have served the

neg: Beryl Gaffney a brain tumour and, after successful surgery, was able to return to the House of Commons to resume her valuable contribution to health issues. She did not run for re-election in 1997. In 1998, Gaffney was appointed to the Board of Governors of the International Development Research Centre by Foreign Minister Lloyd Axworthy. Beryl Gaffney Beryl Gaffney (born April 1, 1930) is a Canadian former politician and public servant. She served as a city councillor in Nepean, Ontario from 1978 to 1988 serving concurrently on the council of the Regional Municipality of Ottawa-Carleton. Born in Summerside, Prince Edward Island, she

neg: Governors Island by landscape architecture firm West 8, along with announcing the opening of the rehabilitated Castle Williams. The Bloomberg administration's ten-year capital plan had provided funding for the first phase of construction, which began in the summer of 2012. As part of phase 1 of the master plan: On June 6, 2015, the Oyster Pavilion was set to open. The Hills section of the park was the last piece of the newly redeveloped island to open. The Hills opened on July 21, 2016, and consist of four hills that are high, including a hill that contains four long slides. In July

neg: Federal Open Market Committee the seven members of the Federal Reserve Board, the president of the New York Fed, and four of the other eleven regional Federal Reserve Bank presidents, serving one year terms. The Federal Open Market Committee was formed by the Banking Act of 1933 (codified at ), and did not include voting rights for the Federal Reserve Board of Governors. The Banking Act of 1935 revised these protocols to include the Board of Governors and to closely resemble the present-day FOMC, and was amended in 1942 to give the current structure of twelve voting members. Four of the Federal Reserve Bank

neg: Palmero Conspiracy named Andrés Novales but was suppressed when Fort Santiago did not yield to Novales and his 800 men. Madrid did not notice the growing disaffection in the Philippines, the last major Spanish colony in Asia. In 1828, matters became worse when public officials, mainly provincial governors, were also being replaced by Peninsulars. In 1828, two Palmero brothers, scions of a prominent clan in the Philippines, along with the other partisans from the military and the civil service, planned to seize the government. Such was the prominence of the Palmeros (one of whose most famous descendants was Marcelo Azcárraga Palmero) that

neg: 1972 United States gubernatorial elections this bad health was considered the motive behind his suicide in 1989. In North Carolina, governors weren't allowed two consecutive terms in a row until 1977, thus term-limiting Scott. In Rhode Island, governors served two-year terms until 1994, when the state switched to four-year terms for governors. In Texas, the defeat of Smith has been considered a casualty of the Sharpstown Scandal. Texas also had a system of governors serving two-year terms until 1974, when the state switched to four-year terms. 1972 United States gubernatorial elections United States gubernatorial elections were held 7 November 1972 in 18 states and two

neg: Figment (arts event) was Boston (relocated from Memorial Drive to the Rose Kennedy Greenway) on June 4–5. Then FIGMENT NYC on Governors Island on June 10–12. And finally FIGMENT Detroit on Belle Isle on August 6. 2011 brought much more interest and collaboration from public officials. Mayor Harvey Johnson visited FIGMENT Jackson on May 21. Mayor Thomas Menino of Boston issued a proclamation naming June 4 as "FIGMENT Boston Day" in the City of Boston. And New York State Senator Daniel Squadron visited FIGMENT NYC on June 10 and gave a press conference with Trust for Governors Island President Leslie Koch and FIGMENT

neg: Governors Island that prohibit permanent housing and casinos on the island. On January 31, 2003, 150 acres of Governors Island were transferred to the people of New York, to be administered by a joint city-state agency, the Governors Island Preservation and Education Corporation (GIPEC). The remaining 22 acres was legally reaffirmed by presidential proclamation on February 7, 2003, as the Governors Island National Monument, to be administered by the National Park Service. On January 19, 2001, Fort Jay and Castle Williams, two of the island's three historical fortifications, were proclaimed a National Monument. On January 31, 2003, of the island was transferred

neg: Maritime Junior A Hockey League group would move the franchise to New Richmond, Quebec. The other group would relocate the team to the Halifax area. At the Board of Governors meeting that day, the proposal to relocate the Antigonish franchise to New Richmond, Quebec was not considered to be in the best interests of the league and its members. The Governors did leave the door open to the sale to a Halifax group and a move to Metro Halifax. The sale and relocation of the franchise to Halifax was later approved. At the same Governors meeting, in response to the decision to leave the door

neg: Governors Island reduce the number of military installations, the Army announced in November 1964 that Fort Jay and Brooklyn Navy Yard were to be closed by 1966. When the Army left Governors Island in 1966, the installation became a United States Coast Guard base. The Coast Guard saw the island as an opportunity to consolidate and provide more facilities for its schools, and as a base for its regional and Atlantic Ocean operations. This was the Coast Guard's largest installation, and for them as the Army, served both as a self-contained residential community, with an on-island population of approximately 3,500, and as

neg: Governors Island to the State and City of New York for $1. The remainder, a portion, was transferred to the United States Department of the Interior as the Governors Island National Monument, administered by the National Park Service. The 150-acre portion of the island not included in the National Monument is administered by The Trust for Governors Island, an entity of the City of New York and the successor of the joint city/state established redevelopment entity, the Governors Island Preservation and Education Corporation. The transfer included deed restrictions which prohibit permanent housing or casinos on the island. On February 15, 2006, Governor

neg: Governors Ball Music Festival as activities and games. The inaugural Governors Ball was held on June 18, 2011, on Governors Island in New York City. The one-day festival was headlined by Girl Talk, Pretty Lights, and Empire of the Sun. Governors Ball 2011 amassed the highest attendance of any event in the history of Governors Island, outselling Dave Matthews Band Caravan and Bassnectar's Bass Island in 2011. Reviews for the 2011 festival were positive, with Flavorwire reporting, "As many area festival attempts often fall flat due to poor execution, the Governors Ball was a pleasant exception to the rule, leaving us looking forward to

neg: Castle Williams troops. By the 1880s, the castle, with its pitted and crumbling walls, was considered to be an aging and obsolete fortification. Improvements that included the installation of central heating and plumbing were most likely made in 1895 when Castle Williams was designated one of the U.S. Army's ten military prisons. A commitment to preserve the forts of Governors Island was made in the early 20th century by Secretary of War Elihu Root when landfill operations doubled the size of Governors Island between 1901 and 1912. The castle was fitted up as a model prison in 1903. It was most likely

neg: Governors Island (Lake Winnipesaukee) estate developer Clifford Hayes, who went bankrupt in 1935 during the Great Depression, resulting in the few residents forming an association, the current Governor's Island Club, to take over the island. Another Governor's Island occupies Island Pond in Hampstead, New Hampshire. Governors Island (Lake Winnipesaukee) Governors Island is one of six bridged islands on Lake Winnipesaukee and is part of the town of Gilford, New Hampshire, in the United States. The island is primarily wooded and residential and has an area of . The island was originally granted to British colonial governor John Wentworth in 1772, although the island had

neg: Governors of Maui not by law assigned to others." "When either of the governors shall decease, then all the chiefs shall assemble at such place as the King shall appoint, and shall nominate a successor of the deceased governor, and whosoever they shall nominate and be approved by the King, he shall be the new governor." When Hawaii was annexed by the United States of America, the same islands became administered by the Maui County government. After King Kalākaua was forced to sign the Bayonet Constitution in 1887, the island governorships began to be viewed as wasteful expenses for the monarchy. The governors

neg: Frances Latham descend from Frances, including Rhode Island Attorney General Daniel Updike and American Revolutionary War Colonels Christopher Lippitt and Christopher Greene. Additional descendants are Rhode Island congressman Tristam Burges, writer Julia Ward Howe, and British Navy Vice Admiral Sir Jahleel Brenton. A small book about Rhode Island history through the eyes of Frances, "The True Story of Frances, the Falconer's Daughter," was published in 1932. The following governors, deputy governors, or lieutenant governors either descend directly from Frances, or married one of her descendants: Governors who are direct descendants: Deputy or lieutenant governors who are direct descendants: Governors who are related

neg: Administrative divisions of Turkey Administrative divisions of Turkey Turkey has a unitary structure in terms of administration and this aspect is one of the most important factors shaping the Turkish public administration. When three powers (executive, legislative and judiciary) are taken into account as the main functions of the state, local administrations have little power. Turkey is a unitary not a federal system, and the provinces are subordinated to the centre. Local administrations were established to provide services in place and the government is represented by the governors and city governors. Besides the governors and the city governors, other senior public officials are also

neg: Governors Island National Monument most strategic defensive positions on the island. Fort Jay, first constructed in the 1790s and reconstructed between 1806 and 1809, is on the highest point of the island. The surrounding open space or glacis slopes down to the waterfront on all sides. Castle Williams, started in 1807 and completed in November 1811, occupies a rocky shoal that extended into the harbor channel at the northwest corner of the island and served as the most important strategic defensive point in the upper bay of New York Harbor. By the 1830s, the protective functions of both fortifications had diminished, but the core

neg: Coney Island in sunlight all day. The public beaches are open to all without restriction, and there is no charge for use. The beach area is divided into "bays", areas of beach delineated by rock groynes, which moderate erosion and the force of ocean waves. The Coney Island Polar Bear Club consists of a group of people who swim at Coney Island throughout the winter months, most notably on New Year's Day, when additional participants join them to swim in the frigid waters. The beach serves as the training grounds for the Coney Island Brighton Beach Open Water Swimmers (CIBBOWS), a group

neg: Inauguration of Alejandro García Padilla a governor was actually sworn in public as former governors were sworn in private before their inaugurational ceremony; making their oath of office merely symbolic. It was also the first time in history that five former Governors of Puerto Rico were present in an inauguration. The inauguration was followed by a public concert held at the open areas of the Puerto Rico Convention Center. Inauguration of Alejandro García Padilla The inauguration of Alejandro García Padilla as the 11th Governor of Puerto Rico took place on Wednesday, January 3, 2013 at the Puerto Rico Capitol. The inauguration marked the commencement of

neg: Mill Rock of the island but it has not been open to the public since the 1960s, when there were public events, and it has since been allowed to return to its state of shrubbery. Since approximately 2008, the island has been home to a nesting colony of black-crowned night herons, great egrets, snowy egrets, great black-backed gulls, fish crows, and double-crested cormorants. The herons and egrets are thought to have relocated to Mill Rock from nearby North Brother Island. There are no plans for changes to the island. Mill Rock Mill Rock is a small unpopulated island between Manhattan and Queens

neg: Floyd Bennett Field the middle of New York Harbor. He left open the possibility that the outer boroughs could also build their own local airports. La Guardia, along with Representative William W. Cohen, introduced a motion in the 70th United States Congress to establish the airport on Governors Island, but it was voted down. Chamberlin chose Barren Island as the site for the new municipal airport. An isolated settlement on the island had been developed in the late 19th century, and at its peak, had been home to "several thousand" people. A garbage incinerator and a glue factory had been located on the

neg: Governors Island (Lake Winnipesaukee) Governors Island (Lake Winnipesaukee) Governors Island is one of six bridged islands on Lake Winnipesaukee and is part of the town of Gilford, New Hampshire, in the United States. The island is primarily wooded and residential and has an area of . The island was originally granted to British colonial governor John Wentworth in 1772, although the island had already been known as Governor's Island, possibly after his uncle, Benning Wentworth, the previous governor of the colony. In 1778 during the American Revolution, the New Hampshire legislature confiscated the lands of hitherto Governor Wentworth (who had fled to Nova Scotia)

neg: Rock Island Public Library of officers and a committee to draft a constitution. Since Illinois law did not include a provision that allowed the city to tax the residents to fund a library, the board of officers decided the library would be open to the "public" as long the man was a Rock Island resident and could pay the yearly membership fee. By the end of the September 15 meeting, the men had raised $500 from their own personal funds, set up another committee designed to raise money for the library and a fee schedule. The library fees ranged from $3.00 for a yearly

neg: Jones Beach State Park during Robert Moses' administration as President of the Long Island State Park Commission as part of the development of parkways on Long Island. Moses' first major public project, Jones Beach is free from housing developments and private clubs, and instead is open for the general public. Several homes on High Hill Beach were barged further down the island to West Gilgo Beach to make room for the park. When Moses' group first surveyed Jones Island, it was swampy and only above sea level; the island frequently became completely submerged during storms. To create the park, huge dredgers worked day and

neg: Public image of Mike Huckabee presidential contender Mike Huckabee, until he would secure the nomination. One Democrat said "He'll easily be their McGovern, an easy kill." Public image of Mike Huckabee The public image of former Governor and Republican presidential nominee Mike Huckabee is very mixed; he has been criticized by many conservative icons such as Rush Limbaugh and Ann Coulter. He did, however, receive significant support when running for president in 2008; he received the endorsements from five Representatives of the U.S. House as well as three former governors and seven newspapers. Huckabee's personality has been described in positive terms as "gentle and warm",

neg: Public image of Mike Huckabee Public image of Mike Huckabee The public image of former Governor and Republican presidential nominee Mike Huckabee is very mixed; he has been criticized by many conservative icons such as Rush Limbaugh and Ann Coulter. He did, however, receive significant support when running for president in 2008; he received the endorsements from five Representatives of the U.S. House as well as three former governors and seven newspapers. Huckabee's personality has been described in positive terms as "gentle and warm", "charming", "friendly, teddy-bear", and "engaging, warm, relaxed, and persuasive". Huckabee's personality has been described in negative terms as "petty, thin-skinned, self-righteous",

neg: Governors of Hawaii (island) Governors of Hawaii (island) The Governor of Hawaii Island () was the royal governor or viceroy of the Island of Hawaii during the Kingdom of Hawaii. The Governor of Hawaii was usually a Hawaiian chief or prince and could even be a woman. There were no restriction of women in government in the House of Nobles or Governship of the islands. The Governor had authority over the island of Hawaii, the biggest island in the kingdom, and it was up to the governor to appoint lieutenant governors to assisted them. The governor had replaced the old Aliʻis of the islands,

neg: Governors State University Governors State University Governors State University is a public university in University Park, Illinois. The campus is located south of Chicago, Illinois. GSU was founded in 1969. GSU is a comprehensive public university with a broad curriculum, offering degree programs at the undergraduate, master's, and doctoral levels. GSU has four colleges: the College of Arts and Sciences, the College of Business, the College of Education, and the College of Health and Human Services. Governors State University was officially established as a state-supported institution of higher education on July 17, 1969, when Illinois Governor Richard B. Ogilvie signed into law House

neg: Governors Island (in pidgin language, "Nutten") Island was renamed Governors Island in 1784 as the island, in earlier times, had been reserved by the British colonial assembly for the exclusive use of New York's royal governors. The Governor's House (perhaps "ca" 1703, with additions) survives as the oldest structure on the island. By the late 1790s, the Quasi-War with France prompted a national program of harbor fortifications and the state of New York began improvements as a credit for its Revolutionary War debt. In February 1800, the island was conveyed to the federal government, which undertook the reconstruction of Fort Jay and

neg: Scouting 2007 Centenary 10 acre maize field in the shape of Baden-Powell and a Scouting logo. The maze was open to the public until September 2007, when the maize was harvested. Due to mediocre weather, the maize did not fully reach the expected height of 4.5 m. The maze was at Bickleigh, near Tiverton, Devon. Scouting 2007 Centenary The Scouting 2007 Centenary comprised celebrations around the world in which Scouts celebrated 100 years of the world Scout movement. The original celebrations were focused on the United Kingdom, such as the camp on Brownsea Island, the birthplace of Scouting, and the 21st World Scout

neg: Amelia Island Light from the United States Coast Guard to the City of Fernandina Beach in 2001, which now maintains the historical monument. The Coast Guard, though, is still responsible for the function of the beacon. Access to the lighthouse is limited by the city. As of 2015, the lighthouse is not open to the public, except on Saturdays when the grounds are open for viewing for three hours only. The city also offers tours to the lighthouse twice a month. Amelia Island Light The Amelia Island Light is the oldest existing lighthouse in the state of Florida in the United States. It

neg: Governors Island The 2015 season saw an expansion in the number and variety of exhibits, held in the former officers' quarters and other buildings, some redeveloped, some not. The "World Trade Center Run to Remember" has been run annually on the island since 2009 on the first Sunday of September. The activities include a 5K Run, 3K Family Fun Run/Walk, Children's Fun Run, and other activities to benefit organizations associated with 9/11 related services. Notes Sources Further reading Official websites: Other websites: Governors Island Governors Island is a island in New York Harbor, approximately from the southern tip of Manhattan Island and

neg: Causes of the May Revolution claimed that political power did not pass directly from God to the governor, but to the population and through it to the governor. According to Suarez, such power belongs to the people and is delegated to the governor, but if such governors did not serve the public good as they should, they would become tyrants and the people would have the right to fight them and choose new governors. The falling consensus about the divine right being legitimate gave room to monarchies being replaced by republics in France and the United States, but also to constitutional monarchies, such as in

neg: Governors Island focusing on the development of a major park on the island as called for in the deed that conveyed the island from the federal government to the city and state of New York. In 2007, the Governors Island Preservation and Education Corporation announced five finalist design teams that were chosen to submit their ideas for the future park and Great Promenade; the GIPEC had awarded leases to its first two tenants a year before. The corporation appointed West 8, Diller Scofidio + Renfro, Rogers Marvel Architects, Quennell Rothschild & Partners, and SMWM to design a development plan for Governors Island.

neg: Cranston Street Armory the open areas within the Armory for bluescreen work, as well as exterior shots of adjacent areas. The Armory was used for several years by the Rhode Island Interscholastic League to host indoor track and field meets including the Rhode Island state championships and the Brown Invitational track meet. In 1981 structural problems were discovered that closed the main hall to public events. The National Guard however did not have the funds for the extensive repairs and upkeep required by the buildings age. As of 1986 the Cranston Street Armory was home to the following Rhode Island National Guard units:

neg: Governors of Oahu Governors of Oahu The Governor of Oahu () was the royal governor or viceroy of the island of Oahu in the Kingdom of Hawaii. The Governor of Oahu resided at Honolulu and was usually a Hawaiian chief or prince and could even be a woman. The governor had authority over the island of Oahu and Honolulu, the kingdom's capital, and it was up to the governor to appoint lieutenant governors to assist them. The governor had replaced the old alii aimokus of the islands, but sovereignty remained with the king. The island governors were under the jurisdiction of the Ministers

neg: Governors Island Art Fair an opportunity to see artwork – unrestrained by curatorial limitations – by some of the world's best independent artists in a beautiful, historic park setting. Until recently, few outside of the military had ever visited Governors Island. Although this island lies only 800 yards from the southern tip of Manhattan it had remained relatively unknown. For almost two centuries Governors Island was a military base, home to the U.S. Army and the Coast Guard. On Jan. 31, 2003, the island was transferred to the people of New York and its increasing popularity as a cultural destination has reinvented the abandoned

neg: Figment (arts event) a jury of architects, journalists, and engineers selected Ann Ha and Behrang Behin's Living Pavilion as the winner of the competition. The Living Pavilion was built on the Parade Grounds on Governors Island, and opened in time for FIGMENT on June 11. The Living Pavilion, Minigolf Course, and Sculpture Garden were open on the island through October 3, 2010, and were visited by an estimated 200,000 visitors to the island. In 2011, FIGMENT added events in Jackson, Mississippi and Detroit, Michigan, for a total of four events. The season began with the event in Jackson on May 21–22. Then next

neg: Demetrio O'Daly introduced by O'Daly, separated the civil and military jurisdictions and created the positions of a separate civil and military governors for Spanish Provinces, which, of course included his native island.. To this day, both the civil and military provincial governors are appointed positions, not elective. the Spanish federal system has other regional elective posts. In 1823, when the Trienio Liberal ends, O'Daly was exiled by the king and went to live in London. He later went to the Danish island of Saint Thomas with the intention of returning to Puerto Rico. However, and due to his participation and fumble in

neg: Governors of Kauai extended, and plans for the increase of wealth, and all officers shall be subject to him. He shall also have power to decide all questions, and transact all island business which is not by law assigned to others." "When either of the governors shall decease, then all the chiefs shall assemble at such place as the King shall appoint, and shall nominate a successor of the deceased governor, and whosoever they shall nominate and be approved by the King, he shall be the new governor." After King Kalākaua was forced to sign the Bayonet Constitution in 1887, the island governorships

neg: Governors of Oahu important decisions rest with him in times of emergency, unless the King or Premier be present. He shall have charge of all the King's business on the island, the taxation, new improvements to be extended, and plans for the increase of wealth, and all officers shall be subject to him. He shall also have power to decide all questions, and transact all island business which is not by law assigned to others." "When either of the governors shall decease, then all the chiefs shall assemble at such place as the King shall appoint, and shall nominate a successor of the

neg: Victor Carey a figure of considerable repute in Guernsey itself. The island governments, headed by their bailiffs, Victor Carey in Guernsey and Alexander Coutanche in Jersey, had been ordered by the British Government to remain on their islands to maintain law and order and to do what they could for the civilians. This put them under a duty of care. When the lieutenant governors, who were the King's representatives on each island, departed on 21 June 1940, their powers and duties were vested in the bailiffs, namely to protect the islands and their population, taking on the duties of the Lieutenant Governors

neg: Governors of Hawaii (island) for a woman to be governor ending the traditional practice of appointing female royals and nobles as governess. Kalākaua died prior to reappointing any of the island governors, but his successor Liliuokalani restored the positions at different dates between 1891 and 1892. After the overthrow of the Kingdom of Hawaii, the Provisional Government of Hawaii repealed the 1890 act and abolished these positions on February 28, 1893 for the final time. Governors of Hawaii (island) The Governor of Hawaii Island () was the royal governor or viceroy of the Island of Hawaii during the Kingdom of Hawaii. The Governor of

neg: Clontarf, Dublin walkers, sailors and cyclists. Among the features of the promenade are an Easter Island Moai replica statue, a diplomatic gift from the Embassador of Chile, which is located just across the road from The Sheds pub. Also on the promenade is Clontarf's privately owned open-air seawater swimming pool, once a popular recreational destination with hot and cold baths, closed in 1996, then becoming derelict. But in 2017 it was redeveloped with a restaurant and bar open to the public within licensed hours. Originally scheduled to open in autumn 2017, it eventually did so in February 2018, but it was announced

neg: Groote Eylandt a South32 / Anglo American plc joint venture, operates a large manganese mine near the community of Angurugu. In operation since the early 1960s, the mine produces more than 3.8 million tonnes annually – about a quarter of the world's total. The island has until recently been open to the public only with permission, and the local Aboriginal Land Council did not encourage tourism. There is now a resort style hotel on the island and visitors are welcome. The island is becoming renowned for its fine Aboriginal rock art sites, arts and crafts and outstanding sport-fishing including sailfish, marlin, tuna,

neg: Sandown Bay Academy and forced to hand back all their schools on the island. As part of AET's closure plans for Sandown Bay Academy, AET announced in May 2017 that all the pupils would be transferred and merged into Ryde Academy. Unfortunately, AET had neglected to inform the Principal and governors of Ryde Academy about their cunning plan of slipping an extra 1157 children into the classrooms of Ryde Academy, before announcing it in public; and so when the merger plan emerged Ryde Academy were vehemently opposed to the plan. Councillor Woodhouse, head of education for the Isle of Wight, said that it

neg: Amelia Island Championships February, and temperatures in July can be unbearable. Amelia Island Championships The Amelia Island Championships was a women's tennis tournament held in Amelia Island Plantation and later Ponte Vedra Beach, Florida, United States. The Sony Ericsson WTA Tour event was an International series tournament played on outdoor green clay courts from 1980 to 2010. Formerly the "Bausch & Lomb Championships", the tournament lost its title sponsor when Bausch & Lomb did not renew its contract following the 2008 event at Amelia Island Plantation on Amelia Island, Florida. Tournament organizers Octagon hired Axia Public Relations, a public relations firm, to find

neg: Amelia Island Championships Amelia Island Championships The Amelia Island Championships was a women's tennis tournament held in Amelia Island Plantation and later Ponte Vedra Beach, Florida, United States. The Sony Ericsson WTA Tour event was an International series tournament played on outdoor green clay courts from 1980 to 2010. Formerly the "Bausch & Lomb Championships", the tournament lost its title sponsor when Bausch & Lomb did not renew its contract following the 2008 event at Amelia Island Plantation on Amelia Island, Florida. Tournament organizers Octagon hired Axia Public Relations, a public relations firm, to find a new title sponsor. In August 2008, Axia

neg: Eresos The following year, exiles from Methymna again raised Eresos in revolt. The Athenian commanders, Thrasyllus at Methymna and Thrasybulus on Samos, both despatched forces to retake Eresos. This siege was called off when the Athenians realised they had been out-flanked by the Spartan admiral Mindarus. Following the Athenian victory at the Battle of Arginusae in 406, Eresos may have fallen under Athenian control as the rest of the island did. Whatever the case, in 405 the Spartan commander Lysander imposed garrisons and Spartan governors on the cities of Lesbos, which remained in place for the next two decades. Spartan control

neg: Angus Lewis Macdonald in Macdonald's 1929 doctoral thesis on the responsibility of property holders under civil law. When the deanship of the law school came open in 1929, Macdonald agonized over whether he should seek the job. He apparently had strong support from several members of the university's board of governors. At the same time however, he was increasingly drawn to politics and accepting the deanship would mean postponing his political ambitions indefinitely. In the end, the job was offered to Sidney Smith, another prominent Canadian academic who accepted on condition that Macdonald remain at the school. Macdonald did stay, but only for

neg: Eleuthera Harbour Primary, Green Castle Primary, Gregory Town Primary, James Cistern Primary, Current Island Primary, North Eleuthera Primary, P.A. Gibson Primary, Rock Sound Primary, Tarpum Bay Primary and Wemyss Bight Primary schools. The Cape Eleuthera Institute is a research and summer education institute on the main island. The Haynes Public library is located in Governors Harbour in a historical building constructed in 1897; it is the oldest Government Complex on the island. The island is reached by sea and by air links from the rest of The Bahamas. Three airports serve the island. North Eleuthera Airport, with a runway on the

neg: Popular Will calls for an open, transparent government and for the punishment of abuses of power by public officials. It supports globalization and calls for an inclusive society “without regard to wealth, religion, age, race, sexual orientation, gender identity, or political opinions.” López, when running for president, called for greater autonomy in fiscal matters to be given to governors and mayors. The party seeks to make Venezuela the world’s largest producer and exporter of oil. López does not seek to nationalize oil firms but says that oil income should be used to form a “Solidarity Fund” to help alleviate extreme poverty and

neg: Midwestern Governors Association Midwestern Governors Association The Midwestern Governors Association (MGA) is a 501(c)(3) nonprofit, nonpartisan organization that brings together the governors of Midwestern states to work cooperatively on public policy issues of significance to the region. The MGA was created in December 1962, when articles of organization were adopted at the first annual meeting in Chicago. The members of the association are the governors of Illinois, Indiana, Iowa, Kansas, Michigan, Minnesota, Missouri, Ohio, and Wisconsin. The purpose of the MGA is "to foster regional development, to attain greater efficiency in state administration, to facilitate interstate cooperation and improve intergovernmental relationships, and to

neg: Governors Island one idea considered was an aerial gondola system designed by Santiago Calatrava. There are very few tenants on the island. Fewer than 1,000 workers, artists, and students work or live on the island. However, in 2009, a commercial organic farm, operated by the non-profit organization, Added Value, was launched. In 2010, the Urban Assembly New York Harbor School, a small public high school in Bushwick, Brooklyn, was relocated to the Island, remodeling the former Coast Guard clinic in Building 555. Also that year, artist studios run by the Lower Manhattan Cultural Council and housed in a portion of Building 110