query: when did france send iberville from canada to the gulf of mexico to establish a colony

pos: Louisiana (New France) The topography becomes more mountainous towards the west, with the notable exception of the Ozark Mountains, which are located in the mid-south. Lower Louisiana consisted of lands in the Lower Mississippi River watershed, including settlements in what are now the U.S. states of Arkansas, Louisiana, Mississippi, and Alabama. The French first explored it in the 1660s, and a few trading posts were established in the following years; serious attempt at settlement began with the establishment of Fort Maurepas, near modern Biloxi, Mississippi, in 1699. A colonial government soon emerged, with its capital originally at Mobile, later at Biloxi and finally

pos: Jean-Baptiste Le Moyne de Bienville Ville-Marie (present day Montreal) at an early age and had fourteen children total. At the age of seventeen, Bienville joined his brother Iberville on an expedition to establish the colony of Louisiana. Bienville explored the Gulf of Mexico coastline, he discovered around approximately 1699 as far up as into Mobile Bay which was not deep enough to go any further, founded Belle Fontaine they had discovered an artesian spring bubbling and leaping from the beach. This spring is now 300-400 feet out into Mobile Bay. Bienville played a huge role in founding part of the coast line here in Mobile,

pos: Antoine Le Moyne de Châteauguay de Chateauguay when Louis was killed in 1694. He joined the navy as a midshipman. Châteauguay accompanied his brother Iberville on an expedition to the lower Mississippi valley that left Brest in 1698 and anchored in Mobile Bay on 31 January 1699. Three others brothers were on this expedition, Joseph Le Moyne de Sérigny (1668–1734), Gabriel Le Moyne d'Assigny (born 1681), and Jean-Baptiste Le Moyne de Bienville (1680–1768). As leader of the expedition, Iberville is known as the founder of the colony of Louisiana. Châteauguay helped Bienville establish Fort La Boulaye on the lower Mississippi in 1700. In 1702 he

pos: Gulf of Mexico of what is now Tampa Bay. They turned south and traveled for two days looking for a great harbor the master pilot Miruelo knew of. Sometime during these two days, one of the five remaining ships was lost on the rugged coast, but nothing else is known of it. In 1697, Pierre Le Moyne d'Iberville sailed for France and was chosen by the Minister of Marine to lead an expedition to rediscover the mouth of the Mississippi River and to colonize Louisiana which the English coveted. Iberville's fleet sailed from Brest on October 24, 1698. On January 25, 1699, Iberville

pos: Henri Joutel and river, by way of the Illinois Country to New France in what became Canada. Joutel's journal provides some of the earliest written information on the interior, natural history, and ethnography of central North America. After Joutel returned to France, he became a guard at the city gates of Rouen. He was unpersuaded by the Minister of Marine, Louis de Ponchartrain, to return to America but lent his journal. The journal returned to the Gulf Coast in the Iberville expedition that finally established a lasting French presence near the mouth of the Mississippi River in 1699. Henri Joutel Henri Joutel

pos: Louisiana Creole Louisiana Creole Louisiana Creole ('; ), also called Louisiana French Creole, is a French-based creole language spoken by far fewer than 10,000 people, mostly in the state of Louisiana. Due to the rapidly shrinking number of speakers, Louisiana Creole is considered an endangered language. Louisiana was founded and populated by French Immigrants from Canada and France. The colony was established by the Iberville brothers at the headwater of the Mississippi River in 1699. The French colonists were small-scale homesteaders and cattle ranchers who had little success in enslaving the indigenous peoples that inhabited the area; this created a perceived need

pos: Fort Maurepas held by the Louisiana State Museum. The expedition journal reported: The best men were selected to remain at the fort, including detachments of soldiers to place with the Canadians (the French also had a colony in what is now Quebec and along the upper Mississippi River) and workmen, and sailors to serve on the gunboats. Altogether about 100 people were left at Fort Maurepas while Iberville sailed back to France on May 4, 1699. Those remaining included: Few of the colonists were experienced with agriculture, and the colony never became self-sustaining. The climate and soil were different than they were

neg: History of Christianity in the United States religious and commercial aims, established a foothold on the Mississippi River and Gulf Coast. With its first settlements, France lay claim to a vast region of North America and set out to establish a commercial empire and French nation stretching from the Gulf of Mexico to Canada. The French colony of Louisiana originally claimed all the land on both sides of the Mississippi River and the lands that drained into it. The following present day states were part of the then vast tract of Louisiana: Louisiana, Mississippi, Arkansas, Oklahoma, Missouri, Kansas, Nebraska, Iowa, Illinois, Indiana, Michigan, Wisconsin, Minnesota, North Dakota,

neg: History of Louisiana century, when French expeditions, which had imperial, religious and commercial aims, established a foothold on the Mississippi River and Gulf Coast. With its first settlements, France lay claim to a vast region of North America and set out to establish a commercial empire and French nation stretching from the Gulf of Mexico through Canada. It was also establishing settlements in Canada, from the Maritimes westward along the St. Lawrence River and into the region surrounding the Great Lakes. The French explorer Robert Cavelier de La Salle named the region Louisiana in 1682 to honor France's King Louis XIV. The first

neg: New France and the Mississippi River Valley, and he claimed the entire territory for France as far south as the Gulf of Mexico. La Salle attempted to establish the first southern colony in the new territory in 1685, but inaccurate maps and navigational issues led him to instead establish his Fort Saint Louis in what is now Texas. The colony was devastated by disease, and the surviving settlers were killed in 1688, in an attack by the area's indigenous population. Other parts of Louisiana were settled and developed with success, such as New Orleans and southern Illinois, leaving a strong French influence

neg: Northwest Passage built the sailing ship, , in his quest to find the Northwest Passage via the upper Great Lakes. "Le Griffon" disappeared in 1679 on the return trip of her maiden voyage. In the spring of 1682, La Salle made his famous voyage down the Mississippi River to the Gulf of Mexico. La Salle led an expedition from France in 1684 to establish a French colony on the Gulf of Mexico. He was murdered by his followers in 1687. Henry Ellis, born in Ireland, was part of a company aiming to discover the Northwest Passage in May 1746. After the difficult

neg: History of Canada cousin King Charles III of Spain the entire area of the drainage basin of the Mississippi River from the Great Lakes to the Gulf of Mexico and from the Appalachian Mountains to the Rocky Mountains. France and Spain kept the Treaty of Fontainebleau secret from other countries until 1764. Britain returned to France its most important sugar-producing colony, Guadeloupe, which the French considered more valuable than Canada. (Guadeloupe produced more sugar than all the British islands combined, and Voltaire had notoriously dismissed Canada as "Quelques arpents de neige", "A few acres of snow"). The new British rulers of Canada abolished

neg: La Salle expeditions again to France for supplies. On July 24, 1684, La Salle sailed again from France and returned to America with a large expedition designed to establish a French colony on the Gulf of Mexico, at the mouth of the Mississippi River. They left France in 1684 with four ships and 300 colonists. The expedition was plagued by pirates, hostile Indians, and poor navigation. One ship was lost to pirates in the West Indies, a second sank in the inlets of Matagorda Bay, where a third ran aground. They established Fort Saint Louis near Victoria, Texas. La Salle led a group

neg: Louisiana in Louisiana faded away for a century and a half. In the late 17th century, French and French Canadian expeditions, which included sovereign, religious and commercial aims, established a foothold on the Mississippi River and Gulf Coast. With its first settlements, France laid claim to a vast region of North America and set out to establish a commercial empire and French nation stretching from the Gulf of Mexico to Canada. In 1682, the French explorer Robert Cavelier de La Salle named the region Louisiana to honor King Louis XIV of France. The first permanent settlement, Fort Maurepas (at what is

neg: Alexandre Dufresne Alexandre Dufresne Alexandre Dufresne (April 20, 1818 – after 1877) was a merchant and political figure in Quebec. He represented Iberville in the Legislative Assembly of the Province of Canada from 1861 to 1866. He was born in Belœil, Quebec, the son of Jean-Baptiste Dufresne and Ursule Poirier. Dufresne established himself as a merchant at Christieville (later Iberville). He helped establish the "Franco-Canadien" in Saint-Jean-sur-Richelieu. In 1843, he married Élizabeth Favelin. Dufresne was mayor of Iberville from 1858 to 1860, from 1873 to 1874 and from 1875 to 1877. Around 1864, he helped establish a branch of the Saint-Jean-Baptiste Society

neg: René Goulaine de Laudonnière back to France. The colony did not flourish and had to get food from the Timucua. Colonists complained and a small group seized a ship and sailed to the Gulf of Mexico to become pirates. Deserters from the colony angered the Timucua, who refused to give any more food. Colonists had to rely on acorns and roots and finally rebelled. On 3 August 1565 Laudonnière bought food and a ship from passing privateer John Hawkins so he could ship the colonists back to France. While he was waiting for a favorable wind, Jean Ribault arrived with 600 more settlers and

neg: French language in Canada working for Italian bankers in France, explored the American coast from Florida to Cape Breton. In 1529, Verrazzano mapped a part of the coastal region of the North American continent under the name Nova Gallia (New France). In 1534, Francis I, King of France, sent Jacques Cartier to discover new lands. He discovered the Gulf of Saint Lawrence, sealed an alliance with the local people and obtained passage to go farther. During his second expedition (1535–1536), Cartier discovered the Saint Lawrence River, a path into the heart of the continent. However, Cartier failed to establish a permanent colony in the

neg: René-Robert Cavelier, Sieur de La Salle the fort while he traveled to France for supplies. On July 24, 1684, He departed France and returned to America with a large expedition designed to establish a French colony on the Gulf of Mexico, at the mouth of the Mississippi River. They had four ships and 300 colonists. The expedition was plagued by pirates, hostile Indians, and poor navigation. One ship was lost to pirates in the West Indies, a second sank in the inlets of Matagorda Bay, and a third ran aground there. They founded a new Fort Saint-Louis, on Garcitas Creek in the vicinity of present-day Victoria,

neg: Catholic Church in French Louisiana with the tribes, they could not prevent some syncretism of their practices and beliefs. Sincere and permanent conversions were limited in number; many who received missionary instruction tended to assimilate the Holy Trinity into their belief of "spirits", or rejected it outright. In the late 17th century, French expeditions, which included sovereign, religious and commercial aims, established a foothold on the Mississippi River and Gulf Coast. With its first settlements, France lay claim to a vast region of North America and set out to establish a commercial empire and French nation stretching from the Gulf of Mexico to Canada. The

neg: Pensacola people name of a village associated with the mission of San Juan De Aspalaga in the Apalachee Province ("Pansacola" was a common surname among the Apalachee). In 1685 the Spanish became concerned over reports that the French were trying to establish a colony on coast of the Gulf of Mexico. Over the next few years the Spanish searched for the rumored French colony, and for a good site for a Spanish colony to protect their interests in the area. The name "Panzacola" first was recorded in association with Pensacola Bay when Juan Jordan de Reina entered the bay in 1686; he

neg: Île d'Orléans, Louisiana the Isle of Orleans, and incorporated it into their colony of West Florida, with the capital at Pensacola. Spanish possession of Louisiana west of the Mississippi River, and of the Isle of Orleans, was also confirmed in the Treaty of Paris. The Isle of Orleans was bounded by the Mississippi River, the Gulf of Mexico, Lakes Pontchartrain and Maurepas as well as Bayou Manchac, previously known as Iberville River, and the Amite River. The Isle of Orleans was included in the 1803 Louisiana Purchase. It formed the southern border of the short-lived Republic of West Florida, a few years later.

neg: Spanish assault on French Florida the first permanent European settlement in what is now the continental United States. By the doctrine of "uti possidetis de facto", or "effective occupation", they legitimized their claim to Florida, stretching from the Panuco River on the Gulf of Mexico up the Atlantic coast to Chesapeake Bay, leaving England and France to establish their own colonies in regions farther north. Jean Ribault founded his colony at Port Royal in 1562, having previously come upon the St. Johns, which he called "la Rivière de Mai" (the River of May), because he saw it on the first of that month. Two years

neg: Alexandre Dufresne in the region. Dufresne ran unsuccessfully for a seat in the Canadian House of Commons and the Quebec assembly in 1867. Alexandre Dufresne Alexandre Dufresne (April 20, 1818 – after 1877) was a merchant and political figure in Quebec. He represented Iberville in the Legislative Assembly of the Province of Canada from 1861 to 1866. He was born in Belœil, Quebec, the son of Jean-Baptiste Dufresne and Ursule Poirier. Dufresne established himself as a merchant at Christieville (later Iberville). He helped establish the "Franco-Canadien" in Saint-Jean-sur-Richelieu. In 1843, he married Élizabeth Favelin. Dufresne was mayor of Iberville from 1858 to

neg: Canada–Iceland relations year-round service from Edmonton starting from March 2014. Canada–Iceland relations Canada – Iceland relations refer to international relations between Canada and Iceland. Both nations are members of the Arctic Council, NATO, Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development and the World Trade Organization. Relations between Iceland and present-day Canada began over one thousand years ago when Icelander Leif Erikson landed in L'Anse aux Meadows in Newfoundland to establish a colony. However, the colony did not last long, and much of the fate of the migrants is unknown. The first permanent migrants from Iceland arrived in Canada in 1874 to work on

neg: Antoine de la Mothe Cadillac Antoine de la Mothe Cadillac Antoine Laumet de la Mothe, sieur de Cadillac (, ; March 5, 1658October 16, 1730), usually referred to as Antoine de la Mothe Cadillac (also spelled Motte), was a French explorer and adventurer in New France which stretched from Eastern Canada to Louisiana on the Gulf of Mexico. He rose from a modest beginning in Acadia in 1683 as an explorer, trapper, and a trader of alcohol and furs, and he achieved various positions of political importance in the colony. He was the commander of Fort de Buade in St. Ignace, Michigan in 1694. In

neg: Canada–Iceland relations Canada–Iceland relations Canada – Iceland relations refer to international relations between Canada and Iceland. Both nations are members of the Arctic Council, NATO, Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development and the World Trade Organization. Relations between Iceland and present-day Canada began over one thousand years ago when Icelander Leif Erikson landed in L'Anse aux Meadows in Newfoundland to establish a colony. However, the colony did not last long, and much of the fate of the migrants is unknown. The first permanent migrants from Iceland arrived in Canada in 1874 to work on the rail lines at Kinmount, Ontario. Between 1870

neg: Iberville (Quebec provincial electoral district) Iberville (Quebec provincial electoral district) Iberville is a provincial electoral district in the Montérégie region of the province of Quebec, Canada, and is located south of Montreal. It includes part of the city of Saint-Jean-sur-Richelieu, as well as Mont Saint-Grégoire, Rougemont, Marieville and Saint-Césaire. It was created for the 1867 election (and an electoral district of that name existed earlier in the Legislative Assembly of the Province of Canada). In the change from the 2001 to the 2011 electoral map, it lost Saint-Pie to Saint-Hyacinthe. It was named after former New France explorer Pierre LeMoyne d'Iberville. Note Manitoba also has

neg: Haden Edwards the Navasota River to 20 leagues west of the Sabine River, and from 20 leagues north of the Gulf of Mexico to 15 leagues north of the town of Nacogdoches. To the west and north of the colony were lands controlled by several native tribes which had recently been driven out of the United States. The southern boundary was a colony belonging to Stephen F. Austin, the first "empresario" in Texas; he had received special permission to establish his colony several years previously. East of Edwards's grant was the former Sabine Free State, a neutral zone which had been essentially

neg: Jean-Baptiste Le Moyne de Bienville Charity Hospital which had been endowed by a sailor named Jean Louis. He also headed a relief effort when two hurricanes hit the Gulf Coast in the fall of 1740. The new governor arrived in 1743, and Bienville sailed back to France. However, even in France, he did what he could to aid the colony he had worked so long to build, seeking unsuccessfully to prevent the transfer of the colony from France to Spain. Bienville died in Paris in 1767. A statue was erected in New Orleans to recognize Bienville's role as founder of the city in 1955 by

neg: Jean L'Archevêque Sieur de La Salle. Two years previously, La Salle had led the first expedition down the Mississippi River from New France to the Gulf of Mexico, claiming the entire Mississippi River watershed for France as the new territory of Louisiana. La Salle returned to France and proposed establishing a French colony at the mouth of the Mississippi, between Spanish Florida and New Spain. The colony would provide a base for promoting Christianity among the native peoples as well as a convenient location for attacking the Spanish province of Nueva Vizcaya and gaining control of its lucrative silver mines. On July

neg: Sanibel, Florida the Haitian Revolution to become a pirate. According to folklore, Black Caesar came to the Gulf of Mexico during the War of 1812 to avoid interference from the British. In the Gulf he befriended Gasparilla, who allowed him to establish himself on Sanibel Island. Eventually the old Spaniard discovered Caesar had been stealing from him and chased him off, but not before his loot had been buried. Legendary pirates' dens aside, the first modern settlement on Sanibel (then spelled "Sanybel") was established by the Florida Peninsular Land Company in 1832. The colony never took off, and was abandoned by 1849.

neg: Louisiana (New France) forming a clear majority of the colony's population." Generally speaking, the French colony of Louisiana bordered the Great Lakes, particularly Lake Michigan and Lake Erie towards the north; this region was the "Upper Country" of the French province of Canada. To the east was territory disputed with the British colonies on the Atlantic seaboard; the French claim extended to the Appalachian Mountains. The Rocky Mountains marked the western extent of the French claim, while Louisiana's southern border was the Gulf of Mexico. The general flatness of the land aided movement through the territory; its average elevation is less than .

neg: Richmond Gulf Richmond Gulf Richmond Gulf (; (which resembles a lake)}}) is a large triangular-shaped inland bay located on east side of Hudson Bay just above 56th parallel north in Quebec, Canada. In 2008, regional councilors asked the Commission de toponymie du Québec to rename Richmond Gulf officially as Lac Tasiujaq. A vast area surrounding the gulf, Clearwater Lakes ("Lacs à l'Eau-Claire"), and Iberville Lake ("Lac D'Iberville") was included in the Tursujuq National Park, officially established on July 18, 2013. The topography of the Richmond Gulf is the consequence of two geological faults running parallel to the coast. The resulting dislocation has

neg: Pushmataha County, Oklahoma 1719, in the era when France was establishing settlements on the Gulf Coast. They had founded New Orleans the year before. De la Harpe’s exploration of the Mississippi River valley was part of an effort to seek trade with the native peoples and also a route to New Mexico. After this time France claimed this region of North America as La Louisiane. It explored Canada to the north from the Atlantic coast along the St. Lawrence River valley, where it founded New France. The area that became Pushmataha County was bought by the United States from France as part of

neg: Jean Talon number of men and women living in the colony and to promote further marriage, girls were carefully selected from France to be taken to Canada. Some of them were orphans, who grew up under the king's protection in charitable institutions. They were called les filles du roi. The rest of the girls belonged to honest families, whose parents were willing to send them to a new country where they would be well provided for. When these young women arrived in Canada, they immediately married or were placed for a time in good families. Strenuous efforts of Talon gave great impulse

neg: Archibald S. Dobbins cross into Mexico and send his slaves to Cuba. Dobbins did not reach his slaves or Mexico and signed his parole at Galveston on July 13, 1865. In 1866 Dobbins was partner in a merchant house in New Orleans. In 1867 Dobbins, resenting being under Yankee rule, left the United States and started a plantation 30 miles from Santarém, Brazil. In one of his letters to his family Dobbins mentioned that he was only about six miles from an American colony in Brazil. This may have been the Lost Colony of the Confederacy. In 1869 Dobbins wrote for his wife

neg: Richmond Gulf in the surrounding tundra. The area has a flora of more than 415 vascular plant species, of which 65% (271 species) can be found on the so-called Hybrid Archipelago within the Gulf. Richmond Gulf Richmond Gulf (; (which resembles a lake)}}) is a large triangular-shaped inland bay located on east side of Hudson Bay just above 56th parallel north in Quebec, Canada. In 2008, regional councilors asked the Commission de toponymie du Québec to rename Richmond Gulf officially as Lac Tasiujaq. A vast area surrounding the gulf, Clearwater Lakes ("Lacs à l'Eau-Claire"), and Iberville Lake ("Lac D'Iberville") was included in

neg: Women in the Americas Individuals or small bands of soldiers were sent to areas along the Gulf and southeastern coast of America on expeditions of discovery. The soldiers demanded food, laborers to help them carry their goods, and women, who they used for cooking and sex. To the north, solitary French explorers and trappers moved into Canada and were followed by missionaries. No large-scale colonization effort was made, as native women were exploited to increase the population, but in the 1660s France did send about 850 young women (single or widowed) called King's Daughters ("filles du roi") to Canada. They quickly found husbands among

neg: Jean L'Archevêque dead. They reached France in summer 1688 and informed King Louis of La Salle's death and the horrible conditions in the colony. Louis did not send aid. L'Archevêque quickly tired of his life with the Caddo. In 1689, he and his companion, Jacques Grollet, wrote a note asking for rescue. They gave the note to the Caddo, who passed it on to the Jumano Indians while trading. The Jumano were allied with the Spanish and brought a packet of documents to Spanish authorities in New Mexico. The documents included a parchment painting of the Joly, as well as a written

neg: History of Louisville, Kentucky abandonment of the journey due to illness, or traveling onward but not to the Ohio River. La Salle did not claim to discover the Ohio River on that voyage nor travel to the falls (of the Ohio). The "discovery" of the Louisville area in 1669 is thus perhaps better assigned to myth or legend. Subsequently, La Salle explored areas of the Mississippi and Ohio river valleys from the Gulf of Mexico up to modern-day Canada, claiming much of this land for France. In 1751, the English colonist Christopher Gist explored areas along the Ohio River. Following the defeat of France

neg: St. Gabriel, Louisiana Gabriel Post Office. Iberville Parish School Board operates the East Iberville School, a K–12 school, in St. Gabriel. For a long time it was the only school in St. Gabriel. The Mathematics, Science, and Arts Academy - East opened in St. Gabriel in the fall of 2008. Some residents send their children to private schools in Greater Baton Rouge and in the Gonzales, Louisiana area. In 2013 some officials from the City of St. Gabriel announced that they wished to secede from Iberville Parish schools, arguing that their schools were given less attention than warranted. Iberville Parish Library operates the

neg: Lower Canada modern highway system of Quebec was created in the 20th century. Lower Canada The Province of Lower Canada () was a British colony on the lower Saint Lawrence River and the shores of the Gulf of Saint Lawrence (1791–1841). It covered the southern portion of the current-day Province of Quebec, Canada, and the Labrador region of the modern-day Province of Newfoundland and Labrador (until the Labrador region was transferred to Newfoundland in 1809). Lower Canada consisted of part of the former colony of Canada of New France, conquered by Great Britain in the Seven Years' War ending in 1763 (also

neg: Lower Canada Lower Canada The Province of Lower Canada () was a British colony on the lower Saint Lawrence River and the shores of the Gulf of Saint Lawrence (1791–1841). It covered the southern portion of the current-day Province of Quebec, Canada, and the Labrador region of the modern-day Province of Newfoundland and Labrador (until the Labrador region was transferred to Newfoundland in 1809). Lower Canada consisted of part of the former colony of Canada of New France, conquered by Great Britain in the Seven Years' War ending in 1763 (also called the French and Indian War in the United States.) Other

neg: Old Colony Mennonites Mennoniten Gemeinde", was still informally known by the old name. When members of the Old Colony Mennonites then moved from Canada to other places, the name was kept. Old Colony Mennonites are typically more conservative than most other Russian Mennonites in North America. , Old Colony Mennonite communities could be found in Mexico, Bolivia, Belize, Paraguay, Canada, the United States of America. In 2013 the vast majority of Old Colony Mennonites lived in Mexico, where about 60% of the 100,000 Mennonites are affiliated with the "Altkolonier Mennonitengemeinde" and Bolivia, where about 75% of about 70.000 are affiliated with the "Altkolonier

neg: St. Johns—Iberville On Mr. Demers being appointed Puisne Judge, Superior Court of Quebec, 31 August 1906 By-election On Mr. Demer's acceptance of an office of emolument under the Crown, 22 July 1922 St. Johns—Iberville St. Johns—Iberville was a federal electoral district in Quebec, Canada, that was represented in the House of Commons of Canada from 1896 to 1935. This riding was created in 1892 from Iberville and St. John's ridings. It consisted of the towns of St. John's and Iberville, and the parishes of St. Jean L'Evangéliste, St. Luc, Ste. Marguerite de Blairfindie (L'Acadie), St. Alexandre, Ste. Anne de Sabrevois, St. Athanase,

neg: St. Johns—Iberville St. Johns—Iberville St. Johns—Iberville was a federal electoral district in Quebec, Canada, that was represented in the House of Commons of Canada from 1896 to 1935. This riding was created in 1892 from Iberville and St. John's ridings. It consisted of the towns of St. John's and Iberville, and the parishes of St. Jean L'Evangéliste, St. Luc, Ste. Marguerite de Blairfindie (L'Acadie), St. Alexandre, Ste. Anne de Sabrevois, St. Athanase, Ste. Brigide, St. George de Henriville, St. Grégoire le Grand, St. Sébastien, St. Valentin, Notre-Dame de Stanbridge and Notre-Dame des Anges de Stanbridge, together with the islands situated in the

neg: Martial Rhéaume Martial Rhéaume Pierre Auguste Martial Rhéaume (9 April 1882 – 17 December 1970) was a Liberal member of the House of Commons of Canada. He was a butcher and meat cutter by trade. Rhéaume was a municipal councillor in Saint-Jean-sur-Richelieu, Quebec for 16 years, and the community's mayor for five years. He was first elected to Parliament at the St. Johns—Iberville riding in the 1930 federal election. He campaigned unsuccessfully as an Independent Liberal candidate in 1926. Rhéaume was re-elected to Parliament in 1935 when his riding became known as St. Johns—Iberville—Napierville. After another re-election there in 1940, Rhéaume did

neg: Iberville (Quebec provincial electoral district) a provincial electoral district named Iberville; and there is also a federal Iberville electoral district. ^ Change is from redistributed results. CAQ change is from ADQ. Iberville (Quebec provincial electoral district) Iberville is a provincial electoral district in the Montérégie region of the province of Quebec, Canada, and is located south of Montreal. It includes part of the city of Saint-Jean-sur-Richelieu, as well as Mont Saint-Grégoire, Rougemont, Marieville and Saint-Césaire. It was created for the 1867 election (and an electoral district of that name existed earlier in the Legislative Assembly of the Province of Canada). In the change from the

neg: Northern gannet over land as little as possible. Other birds follow Africa's Atlantic coastline to arrive in the Gulf of Guinea. Immature northern gannets from colonies in Canada fly to the Gulf of Mexico, much further south than the adults. The immature gannets migrate southwards for great distances and have been recorded as far south as Ecuador. In their second year some birds return to the colony they were born in, where they arrive later than the mature birds. They then migrate south again at the end of the breeding season, but travel shorter distances in this second migration. Gannets from Alderney

neg: Old Mobile Site Old Mobile Site The Old Mobile Site was the location of the French settlement La Mobile and the associated Fort "Louis de La Louisiane", in the French colony of New France in North America, from 1702 until 1712. The site is located in Le Moyne, Alabama, on the Mobile River in the Mobile-Tensaw River Delta. The settlement served as the capital of French Louisiana from 1702 until 1711, when the capital was relocated to the site of present-day Mobile, Alabama. The settlement was founded and originally governed by Pierre Le Moyne d'Iberville. Upon the death of d'Iberville (or Iberville), the

neg: 1894 Colonial Conference the offices of the Minister of Trade and Commerce. The Earl of Jersey attended the conference as the representative of the British government and was instructed to listen and report back but not to make any commitments on behalf of the government. All self-governing British colonies were invited to send delegates with the exception of Newfoundland Colony. Western Australia and Natal Colony did not send representatives due to domestic priorities. The colony of Fiji was also invited due to its geographical location on the proposed route of the cable but declined. Delegates were sent to the conference by Canada, New

neg: Louisiana René-Robert Cavelier, Sieur de La Salle claimed the territory drained by the Mississippi River for France, he named it . The suffix -ana (or -ane) is a Latin suffix that can refer to "information relating to a particular individual, subject, or place." Thus, roughly, Louis + ana carries the idea of "related to Louis." Once part of the French Colonial Empire, the Louisiana Territory stretched from present-day Mobile Bay to just north of the present-day Canada–United States border, including a small part of what is now the Canadian provinces of Alberta and Saskatchewan. The Gulf of Mexico did not exist

neg: Natchez District Great Britain enlarged the boundaries of the West Florida colony—established in 1763 from territory along the northern Gulf of Mexico coast taken from France and Spain following the French and Indian War (the Seven Years' War)—from the 31st parallel north to 32° 22′ north. By 1776, a sizable colony of English-speaking planters had settled there. The area nearest the Mississippi River was developed first, as it had important transportation access via the river. Later, as a riverport, cotton and slave market, it became the wealthiest area in the antebellum South. At the end of the American Revolutionary War, Great Britain

neg: Mount St Bernard Abbey colony of dispossessed Trappist monks had arrived in London in 1794, with the intention of moving on to found a monastery in Canada. Their plight came to the attention of Thomas Weld of Lulworth Castle, Dorset, a Catholic convert and philanthropist who distinguished himself in relieving the misfortunes of refugees of the French Revolution and who then provided them with land on which to establish a monastic community on his estate in East Lulworth. The monks remained at Lulworth until 1817, when they returned to France to re-establish the ancient monastery of Melleray in Brittany, following the restoration of the

neg: Jamestown, Virginia agency of the Commonwealth of Virginia. Spain, Portugal, and France moved quickly to establish a presence in the New World, while other European countries moved more slowly. The English did not attempt to found colonies until many decades after the explorations of John Cabot, and early efforts were failures—most notably the Roanoke Colony which vanished about 1590. Late in 1606, English colonizers set sail with a charter from the London Company to establish a colony in the New World. The fleet consisted of the ships "Susan Constant", "Discovery", and "Godspeed", all under the leadership of Captain Christopher Newport. They made

neg: Convicts in Australia until 1850. It continued until 1868. During that period, 9,668 convicts were transported on 43 convict ships. The first convicts to arrive were transported to New South Wales, and sent by that colony to King George Sound (Albany) in 1826 to help establish a settlement there. At that time the western third of Australia was unclaimed land known as New Holland. Fears that France would lay claim to the land prompted the Governor of New South Wales, Ralph Darling, to send Major Edmund Lockyer, with troops and 23 convicts, to establish a settlement at King George Sound. Lockyer's party arrived

neg: Jacques Villeré in 1763, Joseph was executed by Spanish Governor Alejandro O'Reilly, who was sent by King Charles III to suppress a local revolt. Villeré's grandfather, Etienne Roy de Villeré, had accompanied Iberville on the voyage from France to the Gulf coast, late in the 17th century, during the reign of Louis XIV. Jacques's mother was Louise Marguerite de la Chaise, daughter of Jacques de la Chaise and granddaughter, on her mother's side, of Charles Frederick d’Arensbourg. Villeré joined the French Army and was educated for two years in France at the Crown's expense, due to his father's death at the hands

neg: Louisiana (New France) while; riots and revolts against authority were rare. But, the centralised government had difficulty maintaining communications over the long distance and sailing time that separated France from Louisiana. Toward the end of the 17th century and the beginning of the 18th, the colonists on the Gulf of Mexico were left almost completely to fend for themselves; they counted far more on the assistance of the Native Americans than on France. The distance had its advantages: the colonists smuggled goods into the colony with impunity. Jean-Baptiste Colbert, Louis XIV's Minister of the Navy and Trade, was eager to stuff the coffers

neg: Old Mobile Site the region and to protect Louisiana and the Mississippi River they needed a fort on the Gulf of Mexico. After the ascent of William and Mary to the throne of England in 1688, hostilities between England and France grew, increasing the urgency for a French settlement on the Gulf Coast. By controlling the Gulf Coast, the Alabama river valleys, the Mississippi River, the Ohio Valley, and Canada, France could surround the English and confine them to the Eastern Seaboard. The stakes, vast reaches of land and the lucrative Indian fur trade, were enormous. Pierre Le Moyne d'Iberville was born in

neg: French diaspora them coming from Île-de-France, were sent to Canada to get married to farmers and soldiers. In 1760, the colony had a population of 60,000 inhabitants. It is estimated that from 1633 to 1760, an average of 56 Frenchmen emigrated to Canada each year. Between 1608, date of the foundation of Quebec, and 1756, only 10,000 French people emigrated to Canada, most of modern-day French Canadians can trace their roots back to them. French first settled in Acadia in 1604. In 1667, when the colony went back to France, 441 inhabitants were registered. In 1713, as France ceded the territory to

neg: Convict era of Western Australia Wales penal system, sent to King George Sound in 1826 to help establish a settlement there. At that time, the western third of Australia was unclaimed land known as New Holland. Fears that France would lay claim to the land prompted the Governor of New South Wales, Ralph Darling, to send Major Edmund Lockyer, with troops and 23 convicts, to establish the King George Sound settlement. Lockyer's party arrived on 25 December 1826. A convict presence was maintained at the settlement for nearly four years. In November 1830, control of the settlement was transferred to the Swan River Colony, and

neg: Audemus jura nostra defendere arms is quartered into the flags of the Kingdom of France, the Crown of Castile, the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland, and the Confederate States of America, with a central overlay of the shield of the United States. Bald eagles serve as supporters to either side of the escutcheon. All is surmounted by a crimson and white torse and the "Baldine", the sailing ship that Iberville and Bienville arrived in prior to the settlement of the colony of Mobile. The modern Alabama motto was added to the current coat of arms when it was created in 1923. It

neg: Ajacán Mission it was more densely settled than more southern areas of the East Coast, and that the people lived in settlements. Remaining Jesuits were recalled from St. Augustine and sent to Mexico. In 1573, Spanish Florida's governor Pedro Menéndez de Márquez conducted further exploration of the Chesapeake Bay but did not attempt further colonization. In 1587, English settlers tried to establish a colony on Roanoke Island off the Virginia coast. Relief supplies were delayed for nearly three years when Philip II of Spain attempted to invade England and all available ships were pressed into service to repel the Spanish Armada. A

neg: Six flags over Texas of the Kingdom of France from 1684 to 1690. In 1684, French nobleman René-Robert Cavelier, Sieur de La Salle, founded a colony on the Texas Gulf Coast called Fort Saint Louis. The colony was unsuccessful, and after La Salle's murder, was soon abandoned. During this time, there was no official French flag, so a number of designs are used in displays of the "six flags". Later on in 1800, Spain ceded Louisiana to France under the Third Treaty of San Ildefonso. French Louisiana included northern sections of Texas. It remained in the hands of France until 1803, when France sold

neg: Plantation (settlement or colony) the Massachusetts Bay Colony, the New Haven Colony, the Dutch settlement of New Amsterdam (now New York), and the French in Canada, where they named their colony as New France . In the state of Maine, the old meaning has been preserved in the name of a type of local government jurisdiction. It is also preserved in the full name of Rhode Island: Rhode Island and Providence Plantations. Plantation (settlement or colony) Plantation was an early method of colonisation where settlers went in order to establish a permanent or semi-permanent colonial base, for example for planting tobacco or cotton. Such

neg: Convict women in Australia of the British government to establish a colony in Australia rather than have it remain as a penal settlement. This compelled the government to send more women to Australia as a way of establishing a native population. On the arrival of 'female' ships, colonists would swarm to the dock to bargain for a servant. High-ranking officers had first pick. Some women were taken as mistresses, others as servants. There were no legal ties for these assignments, so a settler could dismiss a convict woman freely. When this did occur, it created a class of woman who often resorted to prostitution

neg: Iberville Parish, Louisiana 241ST MPAD, and the 61st Troop Command. The 415TH MI is a subunit of the 139TH RSG (regional support group). Geology Iberville Parish, Louisiana Iberville Parish () is a parish located south of Baton Rouge in the U.S. state of Louisiana. As of the 2010 census, the population was 33,387. Its seat is Plaquemine. The parish was formed in 1807. Iberville Parish is part of the Baton Rouge, LA Metropolitan Statistical Area. The parish is named for Pierre Le Moyne d'Iberville, who founded the French colony of Louisiana. A few archeological efforts have been made in the Parish, mainly to

neg: Iberville Parish, Louisiana Iberville Parish, Louisiana Iberville Parish () is a parish located south of Baton Rouge in the U.S. state of Louisiana. As of the 2010 census, the population was 33,387. Its seat is Plaquemine. The parish was formed in 1807. Iberville Parish is part of the Baton Rouge, LA Metropolitan Statistical Area. The parish is named for Pierre Le Moyne d'Iberville, who founded the French colony of Louisiana. A few archeological efforts have been made in the Parish, mainly to excavate the Native American burial mounds that have been identified there. The first expedition, led by Clarence B. Moore, was an

neg: New France New France New France () was the area colonized by France in North America during a period beginning with the exploration of the Gulf of Saint Lawrence by Jacques Cartier in 1534 and ending with the cession of New France to Great Britain and Spain in 1763 under the Treaty of Paris (1763). At its peak in 1712 (before the Treaty of Utrecht), the territory of "New France", also sometimes known as the "French North American Empire" or "Royal New France", consisted of five colonies, each with its own administration: Canada, the most developed colony and divided into the districts

neg: Acadiana Atchafalaya Basin, and the Mississippi River Delta. The area is cultivated with fields of rice and sugarcane. "Acadiana", as defined by the Louisiana legislature, refers to the area that stretches from just west of New Orleans to the Texas border along the Gulf of Mexico coast, and about inland to Marksville. This includes the 22 parishes of Acadia, Ascension, Assumption, Avoyelles, Calcasieu, Cameron, Evangeline, Iberia, Iberville, Jefferson Davis, Lafayette, Lafourche, Pointe Coupee, St. Charles, St. James, St. John The Baptist, St. Landry, St. Martin, St. Mary, Terrebonne, Vermilion, and West Baton Rouge. The total land area is . At the

neg: Island Conservation island's brown booby and masked booby colonies (reduced to 500 and 150 birds, respectively), Stager procured a shotgun and removed all 58 pigs. By 2003, the colonies numbered 25,000 Brown Boobies and 112,000 Masked Boobies, the world's second-largest Brown Booby colony and largest Masked Booby colony. Much of organization's early focus was working in Mexico in conjunction with its sister organization, Conservación de Islas, in the Gulf of California and off the Pacific Coast. Subsequently, Island Conservation expanded its geographic scope to the Channel Islands of California, Pacific Coast of Canada, The Aleutians Islands, Hawaiian Islands, and finally to the

neg: French colonization of Texas well as modern-day Mexico and much of the southwestern part of the continent. The northern and central Atlantic coast was claimed by Britain, and New France comprised much of what is now eastern Canada as well as the central Illinois Country. The French feared that their territory was vulnerable to the expansionist aims of its neighbors. In 1681, French nobleman Robert Cavelier de La Salle launched an expedition down the Mississippi River from New France, at first believing he would find a path to the Pacific Ocean. Instead, La Salle found a route to the Gulf of Mexico. Although Hernando

neg: National Weather Service New Orleans/Baton Rouge, Louisiana Rouge Metro Area and surrounding cities. It is programmed from the National Weather Service forecast offices in New Orleans, Louisiana with its transmitter located in Baton Rouge. It broadcasts weather and hazard information for Ascension, East Baton Rouge, East Feliciana, Iberville, Livingston, Pointe Coupee, St. Helena, Tangipahoa, West Baton Rouge, & West Feliciana Parishes in Louisiana; and Wilkinson County in Mississippi. KIH21 (sometimes referred to as Gulfport All Hazards) is a NOAA Weather Radio station that serves the Biloxi-Gulfport-Pascagoula Metropolitan area as well as 40 miles into the Gulf of Mexico. It is programmed from the National Weather Service forecast

neg: History of whaling Georgia were at the center of the Antarctic whaling industry, from its beginnings in 1904 until the late 1920s when pelagic whaling increased. The activity on the island remained substantial until around 1960, when Norwegian-British Antarctic whaling came to an end. Having failed in an attempt to establish a colony of Nantucket whalemen in England, William Rotch, Sr. went to France in 1786 and was able to establish his colony in Dunkirk. The first two vessels to be fitted out were the Canton and the Mary. By 1789 Dunkirk had fourteen vessels in the trade sailing to Brazil, Walvis Bay,

neg: Henri de Tonti northeastern Texas in the spring of 1690. The Caddo offered him no assistance, and he was forced to withdraw. Tonti experienced several financial difficulties in the 1690s, and in early 1700, he commenced a journey down the Mississippi to make contact with Pierre Le Moyne d'Iberville, who had established the Louisiana (New France) colony. Tonti reached French Louisiana and joined the colony. In 1702, at Old Mobile, he was chosen by Iberville as an ambassador to the Choctaw and Chickasaw tribes and conducted several negotiations. De Tonti, for whom the historic district north of present-day downtown Mobile is named, returned

neg: Spanish Civil War Mexico supported the Republicans. Mexico refused to follow the French-British non-intervention proposals, furnishing $2,000,000 in aid and material assistance, which included 20,000 rifles and 20 million cartridges. Mexico's most important contributions to the Spanish Republic was its diplomatic help, as well as the sanctuary the nation arranged for Republican refugees, including Spanish intellectuals and orphaned children from Republican families. Some 50,000 took refuge, primarily in Mexico City and Morelia, accompanied by $300 million in various treasures still owned by the Left. Fearing it might spark a civil war inside France, the leftist "Popular Front" government in France did not send

neg: Felipe Enrique Neri, Baron de Bastrop colonial governor Francisco Luis Héctor de Carondelet provided for European settlement of 850,000 acres on the Ouachita. Although ninety-nine colonists settled in the area, the project was halted when Louisiana realized its government treasury did not have enough funds to see the colonization to fruition. When Louisiana's sale from France to the United States was finalized, he moved to Texas and received a permit to establish a colony between Bexar and the Trinity River. He moved to San Antonio in 1806, where he posed as a loyal subject who strongly opposed the sale of Louisiana to the USA. In 1810

neg: Salvador José de Muro, 2nd Marquis of Someruelos reconquest of Santo Domingo. Thomas Jefferson sent the disreputable and corrupt Gen. James Wilkinson as an envoy to the Spanish authorities in Cuba, during the height of the economic crisis caused by the embargo. Jefferson, who desired that the United States should ultimately possess the Floridas, hoped to establish friendly diplomatic relations with the Spaniards to forestall France or Great Britain from gaining political or commercial control of the region around the Gulf of Mexico, especially the Spanish colonies of Cuba and Mexico. Charged with containing the pan-American imperialism of the United States, and having heard that Wilkinson had proposed

neg: History of North Carolina from Santa Elena at Parris Island, South Carolina, then the capital of the Spanish colony in the Southeast, into the interior of North Carolina, largely following De Soto's earlier route. His journey was ordered to claim the area as a Spanish colony, pacify and convert the natives, as well as establish another route to protect silver mines in Mexico (the Spanish did not realize the distances involved). Pardo went toward the northwest to be able to get food supplies from natives. Pardo and his team made a winter base at Joara (near Morganton, in Burke County), which he renamed Cuenca.

neg: Mónica Lavín in anthologies both in Mexico and around the world (United States, Italy, Canada, France, Panamá). She was a Literary resident in the Banff Centre for the Arts in Canada, the Yaddo Colony of the Arts in Saratoga Springs and The Hermitage Retreat in Florida. She has worked as a publisher, scriptwriter; and radio and television host in conversation with other writers. She has been invited to give lectures and readings in Mexico and abroad. She writes for the cultural section of the "El Universal" newspaper, Fahrenheit art magazine, and interviews writers for public television in Mexico. She is a member

neg: Halictus ligatus southern Gulf of Mexico and southern Canada This vast range of distribution contributes to local distinctions in behavior, colony cycle, and colony demographic as a result of variation in environmental pressures. "H. ligatus" typically nests in level, well-drained, hard-packed soil free of vegetation. As a result, these nests are most frequently encountered in dense aggregations in dirt roads and paths. The tendency for "H. ligatus" to nest in aggregations is advantageous for the cooperation of bees for the repulsion of parasites. However, this behavior can also be disadvantageous as it minimizes the time spend by predators in search of prey,

neg: Pacific Tsunami Warning Center all coastal regions of Canada and the United States except Hawaii, the Caribbean Sea and the Gulf of Mexico. The PTWC was established in 1949, following the 1946 Aleutian Island earthquake and a tsunami that resulted in 165 casualties in Hawaii and Alaska. The PTWC uses seismic data as its starting point, but then takes into account oceanographic data when calculating possible threats. Tide gauges in the area of the earthquake are checked to establish if a tsunami has formed. The center then forecasts the future of the tsunami, issuing warnings to at-risk areas all around the Pacific basin if

neg: 1887 Atlantic hurricane season for four days, from October 15 to October 19, whilst crossing the Gulf of Mexico. It struck the Louisiana coast near New Orleans on October 19 as a tropical storm. Considerable damage and some flooding were seen in New Orleans, trees were blown down in Algiers and there were significant amounts of crop damage in Abbeville and Iberville Parish. The storm swept across Georgia and the Carolinas before becoming dissipating at sea early on October 20. Around October 14, a storm moved over Belize, causing moderate crop damage and disruption in the southern part of the country. Because the 13th

neg: Zacharie Cloutier of December 2015) Normandy region, and Sarthe, which is part of Grand-Ouest. In 1619 Henri II de Montmorency purchased the New France colony from his brother-in-law Henry II of Bourbon. Included amongst the laborers hired to assist Samuel de Champlain in "inhabiting, clearing, cultivating and planting" New France were the names of Zacharie and his father Denis. This group was not a group of settlers, but a group of laborers, who would return to France once their work had been completed. Several years later, however, Cloutier returned to Canada to help establish a new settlement at Beauport. Cloutier was one

neg: Mexico–United Kingdom relations to Hilarie J. Heath, the results were bleak: In November 1838, Mexico was involved in a brief war with France known as the Pastry War. Britain supported Mexico in its brief war with France and intervened to find a diplomatic solution to end the war. In March 1839, Mexico and France ended their war when Mexico acquiesced to French demands. In 1861, Mexican President Benito Juarez suspended Mexico's interest payments to its creditors in France, Spain and Britain. This act angered the three nations and in October 1861 the Convention of London was signed by the three nations to send

neg: Italian Canadians a hyphen. The first explorer to North America and to Canada was the Venetian Giovanni Caboto (John Cabot). His voyage to Canada and other parts of the Americas was followed by his sons Sebastiano Caboto and Janus Verrazanus (Giovanni da Verrazzano). During the New France era, France also occupied parts of Northern Italy and there was a significant Italian presence in the French military forces in the colony. Notable were Alphonse de Tonty, who helped establish Detroit, and Henri de Tonti, who journeyed with La Salle in his exploration of the Mississippi River. Italians made up a small portion of

neg: Lake Verret River, and the Gulf of Mexico Lake Verret Lake Verret is natural lake located in Assumption, Parish, Louisiana, US. The lake is west of Napoleonville, Louisiana, south of Pierre Part, part of the Atchafalaya River Basin of the Lower Mississippi River Region, with of watershed that includes () in Ascension Parish () in Assumption Parish and () in Iberville Parish. Lake Verret is named after the first Spanish commandant Nicolas Verret. A historical monument was placed in from of the Assumption Parish Courthouse. Elm Hall Wildlife Management Area sits on the northeast side of Lake Verret. The lake drains into

neg: Miguel de la Grúa Talamanca, 1st Marquis of Branciforte and materialism. The same tribunal of the Inquisition brought proceedings against Juan Lauset and other Frenchmen, accusing them of having expressed feelings against the Spanish. The government of Grúa entered into negotiations with the young republic in the United States to establish the boundaries between the two countries. A Peruvian priest living in Mexico, Melchor de Talamantes (1765-1809) was named to head the commission on the New Spain side. When Spain, now at peace with France, declared war on Britain on October 5, 1797, Grúa confiscated the property of Britons living in the colony, for his own benefit. To flatter

neg: Manitoba Colony, Mexico Manitoba Colony, Mexico Manitoba Colony is a large community of German speaking Mennonites mostly north of Ciudad Cuauhtémoc in the state of Chihuahua in Mexico. It was founded in 1922 by Old Colony Mennonites from Manitoba, Canada and consisted originally of 47 villages. It is the largest and oldest Mennonite colony in Mexico. In 1926 the Manitoba settlement consisted of 3,340 persons, in 1949 the number had grown to 7,706, and in 1953 the number was 8,768. In 1987 the total population of the Manitoba was around 12,500 persons and 17,000 in 2006. Adjacent to Manitoba Colony there is Swift

neg: History of Texas Matagorda Bay, along the Gulf of Mexico coast (near modern Inez, Texas), even before the establishment of New Orleans on the lower Mississippi River. The colony was killed off by Native Americans after three years, but Spanish authorities felt pressed to establish settlements to keep their claim to the land. Several Roman Catholic missions were established in East Texas; they were abandoned in 1691. Twenty years later, concerned with the continued French presence in neighboring Louisiana, Spanish authorities again tried to colonize Texas. Over the next 110 years, Spain established numerous villages, "presidios", and missions in the province. A small

neg: Sinuessa of the Roman colony. Some authors mention an obscure tradition that there had previously been a Greek city on the spot called "Sinope"; but little value can be attached to this statement. It is certain that if it ever existed, it had wholly disappeared, and the site was included in the territory of the Ausonian city of Vescia, when the Romans determined to establish simultaneously the two colonies of Minturnae and Sinuessa on the Tyrrhenian Sea. The name of Sinuessa was derived, according to Strabo, from its situation on the spacious gulf (Latin: "sinus"), now called the Gulf of Gaeta.

neg: Manitoba Colony, Mexico Current Colony. Further to the north there are Ojo de la Yegua Colony (Nordkolonie), Santa Rita Colony and Santa Clara Colony. West of Santa Rita Colony there is Los Jagueyes Colony (Quellenkolonie). Altogether these Mennonite colonies stretch over more than 100 km and have some 50,000 Mennonites living in them (2015). Manitoba Colony, Mexico Manitoba Colony is a large community of German speaking Mennonites mostly north of Ciudad Cuauhtémoc in the state of Chihuahua in Mexico. It was founded in 1922 by Old Colony Mennonites from Manitoba, Canada and consisted originally of 47 villages. It is the largest and oldest

neg: Gonzalo Méndez de Canço state of Georgia. He believed he could establish a colony in Tama with three hundred married soldiers, and use it as a base to send exploratory expeditions in search of a coveted trail to the ports of Mexico in New Spain. To gather firsthand intelligence on the region he commissioned a soldier and two monks to visit Tama. Upon their return they notified him that the area was very fertile with productive forests and gold and silver mines. While de Canço was making plans for the colonization of Tama, a Native American chief named Juanillo led an uprising against the

neg: History of British Columbia Parallel and the Columbia River due to a sudden influx of American settlers 8 years previous. When news of the Fraser Canyon Gold Rush reached London, the Colonial Office established the mainland as a Crown colony on August 2, 1858, naming it the Colony of British Columbia. Richard Clement Moody was hand-picked by the Colonial Office, under Sir Edward Bulwer-Lytton, to establish British order and to transform the newly established Colony of British Columbia (1858–66) into the British Empire's "bulwark in the farthest west" and "found a second England on the shores of the Pacific". Lytton desired to send to

neg: Colony of British Columbia (1858–1866) have to replace pack horses, necessitating new infrastructure. Throughout his tenure, Douglas was engaged in a bitter feud with Richard Clement Moody (see below). When news of the Fraser Canyon Gold Rush reached London, Moody was hand-picked by the Colonial Office, under Sir Edward Bulwer-Lytton, to establish British order and to transform the newly established Colony of British Columbia (1858–66) into the British Empire's "bulwark in the farthest west" and "found a second England on the shores of the Pacific". Lytton desired to send to the colony "representatives of the best of British culture, not just a police force": he

neg: Emigration from Mexico just below a net zero, as more Mexicans leave the U.S. Economic problems are, overall, the little stability of Mexican peso exchange rate compared to the United States dollar. That is the reason for many Mexicans to leave their country and look for better salaries in the United States, so they can send dollars to their families in Mexico. This case, however, is mainly temporary. Many others chose to permanently reside there with their families. Aside from the United States, Mexican immigrants have settled in Canada, Spain, Germany, Italy, the United Kingdom, France, Japan and other countries. A large Mexican

neg: Harte Research Institute for Gulf of Mexico Studies solutions to Gulf of Mexico problems On September 19, 2000, the late Edward H. Harte, philanthropist and former owner of the Corpus Christi Caller-Times newspaper, donated $46 million to establish a new research institute to focus on the Gulf of Mexico. The previous year, knowing that Harte, a committed conservationist, had been deeply impressed by internationally famed oceanographer Sylvia Earle’s book Sea Change: A Message of the Oceans, Texas A&M University-Corpus Christi President Robert Furgason approached him about establishing an internationally distinguished research organization focused on the exploration and sustainability of the Gulf of Mexico. While acknowledging that there were

neg: Grand jury the second law passed in Upper Canada relates to (petit) jury trial. This was continued so that Chapter 31 of the 1859 Consolidated Statutes of Upper Canada specifies the constitution of Grand and Petit Juries in the province (now known as Ontario). The colony at St. John's Island, ceded by France in 1763, and separated on 30 May 1769 from Nova Scotia, became Prince Edward Island on 29 November 1798. Prince Edward Island derived its grand jury from its administrative parent between 1763 and 1769, Nova Scotia, as did Sunbury County when it was split off in 1784 to become

neg: Canada (New France) New Brunswick are, however, more likely to be descended from the settlers of the French colony of Acadia, and therefore still call themselves Acadians. Canada (New France) Canada was a French colony within New France first claimed in the name of the King of France in 1535 during the second voyage of Jacques Cartier. The word "Canada" at this point referred to the territory along the Saint Lawrence River, then known as the Canada river, from Grosse Island in the east to a point between Quebec and Three Rivers, although this territory had greatly expanded by 1600. French explorations continued

neg: Pseudo-nitzschia three species, "P. arenysensis, P. delicatissima", and "P. multistriata", have been sequenced. The transcriptomes encode between 17,500 and 20,200 proteins. "P. multistriata" was found to uniquely encode nitric oxide synthase. "Pseudo-nitzschia" species can be found in coastal regions worldwide. They have been documented along the Pacific coast from Canada to California, along the Atlantic Northeast coast of Canada, North Carolina, and the Gulf of Mexico. Recently, they have been detected in the open ocean as well as gulfs and bays, showing a presence in many diverse environments, including off the coasts of Canada, Portugal, France, Italy, Coratia, Greece, Ireland and

neg: Yvon Lafrance Lafrance did not run for re-election in the 1994 election. Yvon Lafrance Yvon Lafrance (born August 4, 1944 in Iberville, Quebec), is a politician in Quebec, Canada, and was the Member of the National Assembly for the electoral district of Iberville. First elected in 1989 election, he served as a Liberal backbencher under Premier Robert Bourassa for most of the term. On February 9, 1994 he crossed the floor to sit as an Independent. On March 2, 1994 he joined the newly formed Action démocratique du Québec (ADQ), six months before Mario Dumont was first elected to the National Assembly.