query: When was the design farm founded which designed sports car version of the Alfa Romeo?

pos: Enrico Fumia Enrico Fumia (born 16 May 1948) is an Italian automobile and product designer. He is best known for his work with the car design firm Pininfarina, helping to design and package a new sports car version of the Alfa Romeo, which included front-wheel drive and traversely-mounted engines. Today he runs Fumia Design Studio.

pos: Pininfarina Pininfarina S.p.A. (short for Carrozzeria Pininfarina) is an Italian car design firm and coachbuilder in Cambiano, Italy. It was founded by Battista "Pinin" Farina in 1930. On December 14, 2015, Mahindra Group acquired Pininfarina S.p.A. in a deal worth about 168 million euros ( million).

neg: Alfa Romeo Nuvola The Alfa Romeo Nuvola is a concept car with coupé body first shown by Alfa Romeo at the "Mondial de l'Automobile" Paris motor show in 1996. Nuvola literally means "cloud" in Italian, but also hints to the legendary Italian racing driver Tazio Nuvolari. The Nuvola has a front-mounted engine and four wheel drive. The prototype is currently on display at the Alfa Romeo Historical Museum in Arese, Italy.

neg: Lotus Cars Lotus Cars is a British company that manufactures sports cars and racing cars with its headquarters in Hethel, United Kingdom, and is a subsidiary of Chinese automotive company Geely. Lotus cars include the Esprit, Elan, Europa, Elise and Exige sports cars and it had motor racing success with Team Lotus in Formula One. Lotus Cars are based at the former site of RAF Hethel, a World War II airfield in Norfolk. The company designs and builds race and production automobiles of light weight and fine handling characteristics. It also owns the engineering consultancy Lotus Engineering, which has facilities in the United Kingdom, United States, China, and Malaysia.

neg: Life Racing Engines Life was a Formula One constructor from Modena, Italy. The company was named for its founder, Ernesto Vita ("Vita" is Italian for "Life"). Life first emerged on the Formula One scene in 1990, trying to market their unconventional W12 3.5-litre engine.

neg: European Federation of Animal Science The European Federation for Animal Science or EAAP (French: Fédération Européenne de Zootechnie ; German: Europäische Vereinigung für Tierproduktion ; Italian: Federazione Europea di Zootecnia [sic]) is an international non-governmental organisation which aims to improve the farming of domestic animals. Membership is open to scientists, animal breeders and administrators. The association was founded in Paris in 1949, and has its headquarters in Rome, Italy. It was formerly known as the European Association for Animal Production.

neg: Chrysler Sunbeam The Chrysler Sunbeam is a small supermini three-door hatchback manufactured by Chrysler Europe at the former Rootes Group factory in Linwood in Scotland from 1977 to 1981. The Sunbeam's development was funded by a British government grant with the aim of keeping the Linwood plant running, and the small car was based on the larger Hillman Avenger, also manufactured there. After the takeover of Chrysler's European operations by PSA, the model was renamed "Talbot Sunbeam" and continued in production until 1981. A Talbot Sunbeam Lotus version was successful in rallying and won the World Rally Championship manufacturers' title for Talbot in 1981.

neg: Harry Ferguson Henry George "Harry" Ferguson (4 November 188425 October 1960) was an Irish-born British engineer and inventor who is noted for his role in the development of the modern agricultural tractor, for being the first person in Ireland to build and fly his own aeroplane, and for developing the first four-wheel drive Formula One car, the Ferguson P99.

neg: Jaguar B99 The Jaguar B99 was a concept car designed and developed by the Italian design house Bertone. It was first shown to the public on the Bertone stand at the 2011 Geneva Motor Show. The 4-door saloon was shown in two versions: compact executive (B99) and grand tourer (B99 GT). It was designed by Bertone's Michael Robinson and Adrian Griffiths and was based more on traditional Jaguars of the Geoff Lawson era compared to more recent Jaguars designed by Ian Callum.

neg: Stephen Harper (designer) Stephen Harper is a British designer who works primarily in the automotive industry. He is responsible for a number of cars including the MG F, Ford Escort RS Cosworth, and the 2010 Volvo C70. Founding design education took place at the Royal College of Art in London in 1979-1980 following earning an apprenticeship to the Austin Motor Company (a part of British Leyland) in Longbridge, Birmingham in 1978.

neg: Caparo T1 The Caparo T1 is a British mid-engine, rear-wheel drive, two-seat automobile built by Caparo Vehicle Technologies, founded by design director Ben Scott-Geddes, engineering director Graham Halstead, engineers formerly involved in the development of the McLaren F1 and Sean Butcher, marketing director and financier. The T1 was inspired by Formula One design, and intended as a relatively affordable road legal racing car. The T1 was scheduled for production in mid-2007 for a price of GB£235,000 with approximately 25 cars per year built but as of 2012 , 16 examples have been sold in the United Kingdom.

neg: Lamborghini Bravo The Lamborghini Bravo was a concept car designed by Marcello Gandini at Bertone for Lamborghini. It was first presented in 1974 at the Turin Auto Show.

neg: Alfa Scientific Designs Alfa Scientific Designs, Inc. (ALFA), founded on July 10, 1996, has established itself as a creative leader innovating new products for rapid, point-of-care medical devices. For the past 20 years, ALFA has developed and manufactured rapid, in-vitro diagnostic (IVD) tests, all made exclusively in the USA. More than 50 products are manufactured with US FDA 510(k) clearances for professional, over-the-counter (OTC), and CLIA-waived use as well as CE Marks in the European Union. The company is located in the greater San Diego, CA region of Southern California. As a small, minority and woman-owned business, Alfa Scientific Designs, Inc., employs approximately 100 people, including scientists, lab technicians, salespersons, administrative, and executive leadership personnel. Primary ALFA products include fertility tests, cancer markers, infectious disease tests, cardiac marker tests, and single & multi-drug of abuse tests. In addition to their product lines, ALFA also offers contract product development, custom assembly, private label packaging, technology transfer and OEM services.

neg: Alfa Romeo Tipo 512 The Alfa Romeo Tipo 512 was intended for replacement for Alfa Romeo 158 Voiturette racing car. Designed by Wifredo Ricart as his second car for Alfa Romeo after V16-engined Alfa Romeo Tipo 162. The car was first mid-engined Alfa Romeo model. This racing car has flat 12 engine (technically speaking it is 180 degree V12) using mid-engine layout. With two Roots type superchargers, the engine

neg: Alfa Romeo Disco Volante The Alfa Romeo 1900 C52 "Disco Volante", commonly known simply as Alfa Romeo Disco Volante (Italian for "Flying Saucer"), is a series of experimental sports racing cars produced between 1952 and 1953 by Italian car manufacturer Alfa Romeo in collaboration with Milanese coachbuilder Carrozzeria Touring. The car was distinguished by streamlined, wind tunnel tested bodywork.

neg: Yamaha OX99-11 The Yamaha OX99-11 V12 was a sports car designed by Yamaha's subsidiary Ypsilon Technology and IAD, an English engineering consultancy, which was supposed to enter production in 1994.

neg: David Ogle David Ogle MBE, DSC (1922–1962) was a British industrial and car designer. He founded the design consultancy company Ogle Design in 1954.

neg: IAV IAV GmbH (German: Ingenieurgesellschaft Auto und Verkehr , literal "Engineer Society Automobil and Traffic"), abbreviated to IAV, is an engineering company in the automotive industry, designing products for powertrain, electronics and vehicle development. Founded in Berlin in 1983 by Prof. Dr. Hermann Appel as a university-affiliated research institute, the company employs over 5,000 members of staff, and supplies automobile manufacturers and component suppliers. In addition to development centres in Berlin, Chemnitz and Gifhorn, IAV operates at sites in France, United Kingdom, Italy, Russia, China, India, Japan, South Korea, Brazil, Mexico and the United States.

neg: Ferguson Research Harry Ferguson Research Limited was a British company founded by Harry Ferguson who was mostly known as "the father of the modern farm tractor". He was also a pioneer aviator, becoming one of the first to build and fly his own aeroplane in Ireland, and also went on to develop four-wheel drive systems for cars including pioneering their use in Formula One racing cars. The company was based in Siskin Drive, in Coventry, England.

neg: Ferdinando Innocenti Ferdinando Innocenti (1 September 1891, in Pescia, Italy – 21 June 1966, in Varese) was an Italian businessman who founded the machinery-works company Innocenti and was the creator of the Lambretta motorscooter.

neg: SAME (tractors) S.A.M.E., an acronym for " Società Accomandita Motori Endotermici", was founded in 1942 in Treviglio (Bergamo), Italy, by the brothers Francesco and Eugenio Cassani. It is now part of the multinational group SAME Deutz-Fahr (SDF), which also owns the brands Deutz-Fahr, Lamborghini, Hürlimann, Grégoire A/S and Lamborghini Green Pro

neg: Alfa Romeo GTA The Alfa Romeo GTA is a coupé automobile manufactured by the Italian manufacturer Alfa Romeo from 1965 to 1971. It was made for racing (Corsa) and road use (Stradale).


query: What is the name of this principal flag carrier of Bahrain that evolved from Gulf Aviation?

pos: Gulf Aviation Gulf Aviation was a Bahrain-based charter and scheduled airline that evolved into Gulf Air. Its formal incorporation in 1950 was followed by constant change as the Persian Gulf economies developed. The airline operation became a subsidiary company branded as Gulf Air on 1 January 1974.

pos: Gulf Air Gulf Air (Arabic: طيران الخليج  "Ṭayarān al-Khalīj") is the principal flag carrier of Bahrain. Headquartered in Muharraq, adjacent to Bahrain International Airport, the airline operates scheduled services to 41 destinations in 23 countries across Africa, Asia and Europe. Its main base is Bahrain International Airport.

neg: Viasa Venezolana Internacional de Aviación Sociedad Anónima (English: JSC Venezuelan International Airways ), or VIASA for short, was the Venezuelan flag carrier between 1960 and 1997. It was headquartered in the Torre Viasa in Caracas. Launched in 1960, it was nationalised in 1975 due to financial problems, and re-privatised in 1991, with the major stake going to Iberia. The company ceased operations in  1997 (1997-) , and went into liquidation.

neg: Somali Airlines Somali Airlines was the flag carrier of Somalia. Established in 1964, it offered flights to both domestic and international destinations. It operated Boeing 720Bs, Boeing 707-300s and Airbus A310-300s on a network to the Middle East and Europe. The airline discontinued operations after the start of the civil war in the early 1990s. A reconstituted Somali government later began preparations in 2012 for an expected relaunch of the carrier, with the first new Somali Airlines aircraft scheduled for delivery by the end of December 2013.

neg: Midway-class aircraft carrier The "Midway"-class aircraft carrier was one of the longest-serving aircraft carrier designs in history. First commissioned in late 1945, the lead ship of the class, USS "Midway" , was not decommissioned until 1992, shortly after service in Operation Desert Storm in 1991. The "USS Franklin D. Roosevelt" was decommissioned in 1977. The  was decommissioned in 1990.

neg: Air Malta Air Malta plc is the flag carrier airline of Malta, with its headquarters in Luqa and its hub at Malta International Airport. It operates services to destinations in Europe, Middle East and North Africa.

neg: Courageous-class aircraft carrier The Courageous" class, sometimes called the Glorious" class, was the first multi-ship class of aircraft carriers to serve with the Royal Navy. The three ships—"Furious" , "Courageous" and "Glorious" —were originally laid down as "large light cruisers" (battlecruisers) to be used in the Baltic Project during the First World War. While very fast, their minimal armour and few guns limited their long-term utility in the post-war Royal Navy, and they were laid up after the war. They were considered capital ships by the terms of the 1922 Washington Naval Treaty and were included in the total amount of tonnage allowed to the Royal Navy. Rather than scrap them, the Navy decided to convert them to aircraft carriers as permitted under the Treaty.

neg: Qatar Amiri Flight Qatar Amiri Flight is a VIP airline owned and operated by the government of Qatar. It operates worldwide charters on demand and caters exclusively to the royal family of Qatar and other VIP government staff. The vast majority of its fleet is painted in the standard livery of the commercial flag carrier of Qatar, Qatar Airways.

neg: Fleet Air Arm The Fleet Air Arm (FAA) is the branch of the British Royal Navy responsible for the operation of naval aircraft. The Fleet Air Arm currently operates the AgustaWestland Merlin, Westland Sea King, and AgustaWestland Wildcat helicopters and the BAE Hawk. Helicopters such as the Lynx and Westland Wasp have been deployed on smaller vessels since 1964, taking over the roles once performed by biplanes such as the Fairey Swordfish.

neg: Submarine aircraft carrier A submarine aircraft carrier is a submarine equipped with aircraft for observation or attack missions. These submarines saw their most extensive use during World War II, although their operational significance remained rather small. The most famous of them were the Japanese I-400 class submarine and the  , although small numbers of similar craft were built for other nations' navies as well.

neg: Falcon Express Cargo Airlines Falcon Express Cargo Airlines was a cargo airline based in Dubai, United Arab Emirates. It was established in 1995 and operates express parcel services throughout the Persian Gulf, mainly for FedEx, UPS, TNT and Aramex. It also operated scheduled chartered cargo operations for DHL between Bahrain and Jeddah. Its main base was Dubai International Airport.

neg: Comores Aviation International Comores Aviation International (Compagnie Aérienne de l'Union des iles Comores) is the flag carrier of the Comoros. It is privately owned and operates domestic scheduled services, as well as charters mainly to tourist destinations in southern and eastern Africa. Its main base is Prince Said Ibrahim International Airport, Moroni, with a hub at Ouani Airport.

neg: Petra Airlines Petra Airlines was an airline based in Amman, Jordan. The company was founded in 2005 as a subsidiary of RUM Group (which also owned now defunct Air Rum), but acquired its first airplane only in October 2010. The name of the company was derived from the rock cut city of Petra, one of the most famous tourist sights in Jordan.

neg: Air India Express Air India Express is an Indian low-cost carrier headquartered in Kochi. It is operated by Air India Express Limited (AIEL), a wholly owned subsidiary of flag carrier airline Air India. It operates around 550 flights per week to 29 destinations including the Middle East and Southeast Asia.

neg: Libyan Airlines Libyan Airlines (Arabic: الخطوط الجوية الليبية  ; transliterated: al-Khutut al-Jawiyah al-Libiyah), formerly known as "Libyan Arab Airlines" over several decades, is the flag carrier of Libya. Based in Tripoli, it operates scheduled passenger and cargo services within Libya and to Europe, North Africa and the Middle East, the majority of which leave from Tripoli International Airport. Benina International Airport in Benghazi serves as a secondary base. Libyan Airlines also operates Hajj services.

neg: United Arab Emirates Air Force The United Arab Emirates Air Force (UAEAF) is the air force of the United Arab Emirates (UAE). Its predecessor was established in 1968, when the Emirates were still under British rule. Since then, it has undergone a continual reorganisation and expansion in terms of both capability and numbers of aircraft. Currently, the UAEAF has around 4,000 personnel and operates approximately 368 fixed and rotorcraft.

neg: Geography of Bahrain The Kingdom of Bahrain consists of Bahrain Island and 33 of the 37 Bahrain Islands, lying in the Persian Gulf's Gulf of Bahrain off the north shore of Asia's Arabian Peninsula. Bahrain's capital city is Manama. The islands are about 24 km off the east coast of Saudi Arabia and 28 km from Qatar. The total area of the country is about 780 km2 , about 3.5 times the size of the District of Columbia.

neg: Pan American World Airways Pan American World Airways, known from its founding until 1950 as Pan American Airways and commonly known as Pan Am, was the principal and largest international air carrier in the United States from 1927 until its collapse on December 4, 1991. Founded in 1927 as a scheduled air mail and passenger service operating between Key West, Florida, and Havana, Cuba, the airline became a major company credited with many innovations that shaped the international airline industry, including the widespread use of jet aircraft, jumbo jets, and computerized reservation systems. It was also a founding member of the International Air Transport Association (IATA), the global airline industry association. Identified by its blue globe logo ("The Blue Meatball"), the use of the word "Clipper" in aircraft names and call signs, and the white pilot uniform caps, the airline was a cultural icon of the 20th century. In an era dominated by flag carriers that were wholly or majority government-owned, it was also the unofficial overseas flag carrier of the United States. During most of the jet era, Pan Am's flagship terminal was the Worldport located at John F. Kennedy International Airport in New York City.

neg: Abu Dhabi Amiri Flight Abu Dhabi Amiri Flight is the organization responsible for air transport of the government of Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates.

neg: British Aerospace Sea Harrier The British Aerospace Sea Harrier is a naval short take-off and vertical landing/vertical take-off and landing jet fighter, reconnaissance and attack aircraft; the second member of the Harrier Jump Jet family developed. It first entered service with the Royal Navy in April 1980 as the Sea Harrier FRS1 and became informally known as the ""Shar"". Unusual in an era in which most naval and land-based air superiority fighters were large and supersonic, the principal role of the subsonic Sea Harrier was to provide air defence for Royal Navy task groups centred around the aircraft carriers.

neg: Air Côte d'Ivoire Air Côte d'Ivoire is the flag carrier of Ivory Coast, based in Abidjan. The company succeeded the country's former flag carrier Air Ivoire, which went bankrupt in 2011. It started operations on 12   2012 (2012--) .

neg: King of Bahrain The King of Bahrain (Arabic: ملك البحرين  ) is the monarch and head of state of Bahrain. Between 1783 and 1971, the Bahraini monarch held the title of Hakim, and, from 1971 until 2002, the title of Emir. On 14 February 2002, the then-Emir of Bahrain, Hamad bin Isa Al Khalifa, declared Bahrain a kingdom and proclaimed himself the first king.


query: In what city did Michael Sauer  compete in the Olympics?

pos: Michael Sauer (athlete) Michael Sauer (born 27 August 1941) is a German former triple jumper who competed in the 1968 Summer Olympics.

pos: 1968 Summer Olympics The 1968 Summer Olympics (Spanish: "Juegos Olímpicos de Verano de 1968"), officially known as the Games of the XIX Olympiad, were an international multi-sport event held in Mexico City, Mexico, in October 1968.

neg: Egypt at the 2016 Summer Olympics Egypt competed at the 2016 Summer Olympics in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil, from 5 to 21 August 2016. Since the nation's debut in 1912, Egyptian athletes had appeared in every edition of the Summer Olympic Games except 1932 and 1980, when they joined the United States-led boycott.

neg: 1992 Summer Olympics The 1992 Summer Olympic Games (Spanish: "Juegos Olímpicos de Verano de 1992"; Catalan: "Jocs Olímpics d'estiu de 1992"), officially known as the Games of the XXV Olympiad, was an international multi-sport event played in Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain in 1992. Beginning in 1994, the International Olympic Committee decided to hold the games in alternating even-numbered years; as a result, the 1992 Summer Olympics were the last competition to be staged in the same year as the Winter Olympics. The games were the first to be unaffected by boycotts since 1972.

neg: List of 1904 Summer Olympics medal winners The 1904 Summer Olympics, officially the Games of the III Olympiad, were an international multi-sport event which was held in 1904 in St. Louis, United States.

neg: Mexico at the 2016 Summer Olympics Mexico competed at the 2016 Summer Olympics in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil, from 5 to 21 August 2016. This was the nation's twenty-third appearance at the Summer Olympics. The Mexican Olympic Committee (Spanish: "Comité Olímpico Mexicano" ) sent the nation's largest delegation to the Games since 1972, with a total of 124 athletes, 80 men and 44 women, competing across 26 sports.

neg: Sauer Park Sauer Park is a multi-use stadium in Aliwal North, Eastern Cape, South Africa. It is currently used mostly for football matches and is the home ground of Young Stars.

neg: Grenada at the 2004 Summer Olympics Grenada competed at the 2004 Summer Olympics in Athens, Greece, from 13 to 29 August 2004. This was the nation's sixth consecutive appearance at the Olympics.

neg: American Samoa at the 2012 Summer Olympics American Samoa competed at the 2012 Summer Olympics in London, United Kingdom from July 27 to August 12, 2012. This nation marked its seventh appearance at the Olympics. Five athletes from American Samoa were selected to the Games; all of them were given under Universality slots and tripartite invitation, without being qualified. Freestyle swimmer Ching Maou Wei became the nation's first male flag bearer at the opening ceremony since 1996. Among the sports played by the athletes, American Samoa also marked its Olympic return in wrestling after 16 years. American Samoa, however, has yet to win its first ever Olympic medal.

neg: Shooting at the 1988 Summer Olympics The shooting competitions at the 1988 Summer Olympics took place in Seoul, South Korea. Competitions were held in a total of thirteen events—seven men's events, four women's events, and two events open to both genders. It was the first games for the 10 metre air pistol events, and the last for the 50 metre running target event, later replaced by 10 metre running target. It was also the first time the Olympic shooting competitions included finals for the top eight (in some cases six) competitors.

neg: Switzerland at the 2008 Summer Olympics Switzerland competed at the 2008 Summer Olympics in Beijing, People's Republic of China. This is a list of all of the Swiss athletes who have qualified for the Olympics and have been nominated by Swiss Olympic Association.

neg: Swaziland at the 1984 Summer Olympics Swaziland competed at the 1984 Summer Olympics in Los Angeles, United States. The nation returned to the Olympic Games after boycotting both the 1976 and the 1980 Games.

neg: Christoph Sauser Christoph Sauser (born April 13, 1976 in Sigriswil, Switzerland) is a cross-country mountain biker who won the bronze medal at the 2000 Summer Olympics in Sydney, Australia. He currently races on the Specialized Cross Country Team.

neg: Somalia at the 2012 Summer Olympics Somalia participated at the 2012 Summer Olympics in London, United Kingdom, which took place from 27 July to 12 August 2012. The country's participation in London marked its ninth appearance in the Summer Olympics since its debut at the 1972 Summer Olympics. The delegation included one short-distance sprinter and one long-distance runner: Mohamed Hassan Mohamed and Zamzam Mohamed Farah. Both qualified for the games through wildcard places from the International Association of Athletics Federations. Farah was selected as the flag bearer for both the opening and closing ceremonies. Mohamed and Farah failed to advance beyond the heat stage of their respective events.

neg: Michael Strange (boxer) Michael "Mike" V. Strange (born August 6, 1970 in Niagara Falls, Ontario) is a retired boxer from Canada, competing in the light welterweight (< 64 kg) division. He represented his native country at three consecutive Summer Olympics, starting in 1992 in Barcelona, Spain.

neg: Liechtenstein at the 2004 Summer Olympics Liechtenstein competed at the 2004 Summer Olympics in Athens, Greece, from 13 to 29 August 2004. This was the nation's sixteenth appearance at the Olympics, excluding the 1956 Summer Olympics in Melbourne, and the 1980 Summer Olympics in Moscow because of the United States boycott.

neg: Olympiapark (Munich) The Olympiapark München (English: Olympic Park Munich) in Munich, Germany, is an Olympic Park which was constructed for the 1972 Summer Olympics. Located in the Oberwiesenfeld neighborhood of Munich, the Park continues to serve as a venue for cultural, social, and religious events such as events of worship. The Park is administered by Olympiapark München GmbH, a holding company fully owned by the state capital of Munich.

neg: Norway at the 1996 Summer Olympics Norway was represented at the 1996 Summer Olympics in Atlanta, United States by the Norwegian Olympic Committee and Confederation of Sports.

neg: 1968 Special Olympics Summer World Games The "First" International Special Olympics Games (Summer Special Olympics) were held in Soldier Field, Chicago, Illinois on July 20, 1968.

neg: Cayman Islands at the 2012 Summer Olympics Cayman Islands competed at the 2012 Summer Olympics in London, United Kingdom from 27 July to 12 August 2012. This was the nation's ninth appearance at the Olympics, except the 1980 Summer Olympics in Moscow due to the United States-led boycott.

neg: Olympic Village, Munich The Olympic Village (German: "Olympisches Dorf") was constructed for the 1972 Summer Olympics in Munich, Germany and was used to house the athletes during the games. The infamous Munich massacre took place in one of its apartment blocks, Connollystrasse 31; the street was named for an Irish-American participant in the 1896 Olympics.

neg: Canada at the 2004 Summer Olympics Canada competed at the 2004 Summer Olympics in Athens, Greece, from 13 to 29 August 2004. Canadian athletes have competed in every Summer Olympic Games since 1900, except the 1980 Summer Olympics in Moscow because of the US-led boycott.


query: ] Berclair is an unincorporated community 3 mi west of a city whose name is derived from a Chockaw phrase meaning what?

pos: Berclair, Mississippi Berclair is an unincorporated community located in Leflore County, Mississippi, United States. Berclair is approximately 3 mi west of Itta Bena. It is part of the Greenwood, Mississippi micropolitan area.

pos: Itta Bena, Mississippi Itta Bena is a city in Leflore County, Mississippi, United States. The population was 2,049 at the 2010 census. The town's name is derived from the Choctaw phrase "iti bina", meaning "forest camp". Itta Bena is part of the Greenwood, Mississippi micropolitan area.

neg: Chorley Chorley is a market town in Lancashire, England, 8.1 mi north of Wigan, 10.8 mi south west of Blackburn, 11 mi north west of Bolton, 12 mi south of Preston and 19.5 mi north west of Manchester. The town's wealth came principally from the cotton industry.

neg: Farquhar Farquhar (   ) is a surname of Scottish origin, derived from "fearchar" ("man") and "car" ("beloved"). Farquharson is a further derivation of the name, meaning "son of Farquhar". The name originated as a given name, but had become established as a surname by the 14th century.

neg: Gymkhana Gymkhana (Hindi: जिमख़ाना , , Bengali: জিমখানা , Urdu: جِمخانہ , Sindhi: جمخانه ) is an Indian term which originally referred to a place of assembly. The meaning then altered to denote a place where skill-based contests were held. "Gymkhana" is an Anglo-Indian expression, which is derived from the Persian word ""Jamat-khana"". Most gymkhanas have a Gymkhana Club associated with them, a term coined during British Raj for gentlemen's club.

neg: Tee-name A tee-name is a form of nickname traditionally used in the north-east of Scotland to disambiguate people with the same name or in the same family, in the same way as the agnomen (or in early periods the cognomen) was used in Roman naming conventions. A tee-name can be based on a personal characteristic, a trade, or where the person lived. An example is "Muckle Sanny Fite" for "Alexander White", where "Muckle" means "big" (a tee-name), and "Sanny" (or Sandy, or Elshioner) is a diminutive of "Alexander".

neg: Mi'kmaq language The Mi'kmaq language (spelled and pronounced Micmac historically and now often Migmaw or Mikmaw in English, and Míkmaq, Míkmaw or Mìgmao in Mi'kmaq) is an Eastern Algonquian language spoken by nearly 11,000 Mi'kmaq in Canada and the United States out of a total ethnic Mi'kmaq population of roughly 20,000. The word "Mi'kmaq" is a plural word meaning 'my friends' (singular "Míkm"); the adjectival form is "Míkmaw". The language's native name is "Lnuismk", "Míkmawísimk" or "Míkmwei" (in some dialects).

neg: Chinook Jargon Chinook Jargon (also known as chinuk wawa, or chinook wawa) is a revived American indigenous language originating as a pidgin trade language in the Pacific Northwest, and spreading during the 19th century from the lower Columbia River, first to other areas in modern Oregon and Washington, then British Columbia and as far as Alaska and Yukon Territory, sometimes taking on characteristics of a creole language. It is related to, but not the same as, the aboriginal language of the Chinook people, upon which much of its vocabulary is based.

neg: Clayoquot Clayoquot is an anglicization of the Nuu-chah-nulth language name "Tla-o-qui-aht", one of the indigenous tribes of the region so named. It may refer to:

neg: Hockhockson, New Jersey Hockhockson is an unincorporated community located within Tinton Falls in Monmouth County, New Jersey, United States. The name "Hockhockson" derives from a Native American word meaning "plantation".

neg: Indian giver "Indian giver" is an American pejorative expression, used to describe a person who gives a "gift" and later wants it back, or who expects something of equivalent worth in return for the item. It is based on cultural misunderstandings that took place between early European explorers (like Lewis and Clark) and the Indigenous people with whom they traded. Often the Europeans would view an exchange of items as gifting, believing they owed nothing in return to the Natives who were generous with them, while the Indigenous people saw the exchange as a form of trade or equal exchange, so had differing expectations of their guests.

neg: Chouette Chouette is a French word meaning "owl" which has other uses.

neg: Bogue Chitto, Alabama Bogue Chitto is an unincorporated community in Dallas County, Alabama. It was named for the nearby creek of the same name, which in the Choctaw language means "big stream."

neg: Chickasawhay River The Chickasawhay River is a river, about 210 mi long, in southeastern Mississippi in the United States. It is a principal tributary of the Pascagoula River, which flows to the Gulf of Mexico. The Chickasawhay's tributaries also drain a portion of western Alabama. The name "Chickasawhay" comes from the Choctaw word "chikashsha-ahi", literally "Chickasaw potato".

neg: La Chorrera, Panama La Chorrera (] ) is a city and municipality in central Panama, located about 30 km south-west of Panama City. Is the capital of the province of Panamá Oeste and one of the larger cities in the country and is fond of the phrase "La Bella, Enamoradora y Querendona, La Gran Chorrera", reportedly as a tribute to its beautiful women, kind people, and happy nightlife.

neg: Cullomburg, Alabama Cullomburg is a census-designated place and unincorporated community in Choctaw and Washington counties, Alabama, United States. Its population was 171 as of the 2010 census.

neg: Carrowkeel, County Galway Carrowkeel (Irish: "An Cheathrú Chaol" ) is a village in County Galway, Ireland. In Irish it is called "An Cheathrú Chaol", which means 'the Narrow Quarter'.

neg: Tallahatta Springs, Alabama Tallahatta Springs, once called Lowder Springs, is an unincorporated community in Clarke County, Alabama, United States. It was once known for its mineral springs at the headwaters of Tallahatta Creek. A health resort was established here in the middle of the 19th century. Language scholars believe Tallahatta to be an adaptation of two Choctaw language words: "tali" (rock) and "hata" (silver/white), literally "white rock."

neg: Boot Hill Boot Hill, or Boothill, is the name for any number of cemeteries, chiefly in the American West. During the 19th century it was a common name for the burial grounds of gunfighters, or those who "died with their boots on" (i.e., violently).

neg: Bokoshe, Oklahoma Bokoshe ( ) is a town in Le Flore County, Oklahoma, United States. It is part of the Fort Smith, Arkansas-Oklahoma Metropolitan Statistical Area. "Bokoshe" is a Choctaw word meaning "little creek." The population was 512 at the 2010 census, a 13.8 percent gain from 450 at the 2000 census.

neg: Lissavruggy Lissavruggy (Irish form of a name: "Lios a Bhrugaidh") is a townland in the parish of Killian and Killeroan. It is located in northeastern Galway, in the west of Ireland. There is some dispute over the origin of its name. According to O'Donovan's Field Name Books, Lisavruggy gets its name from the Ringfort, a "bhrogaidh", meaning that it is the fort of the brooee, or farmer. Older generations pronounce it "Liosaruaig". This has been anglicized to "Lissavruggy" meaning "the routed fort", which leads historian Larry Kilcommins to believe that the "ruggy" part comes from the Irish word "ruaig", which means frightened or routed (after a battle).

neg: Carrick Carrick is an Anglicised version of "creag/carraig", Gaelic for "rock", and may refer to:


query: The writer who proclaimed "I am the Third Wave" wrote what debut novel?

pos: Adé: A Love Story Adé: A Love Story is the debut novel of writer Rebecca Walker first published by Houghton Mifflin Harcourt in 2013.

pos: Rebecca Walker Rebecca Walker (born November 17, 1969 as Rebecca Leventhal) is an American writer, feminist, and activist. Walker has been regarded as one of the prominent voices of Third Wave Feminism since she published an article on feminism in 1992 in "Ms." magazine in which she proclaimed "I am the Third Wave."

neg: Christopher Isherwood Christopher William Bradshaw Isherwood (26 August 1904 – 4 January 1986) was an English-American novelist. His best-known works include "The Berlin Stories" (1935-39), two semi-autobiographical novellas inspired by Isherwood's time in Weimar Republic Germany. These enhanced his postwar reputation when they were adapted first into the play "I Am a Camera" (1951), then the 1955 film of the same name, "I Am a Camera (film)"; much later (1966) into the bravura stage musical "Cabaret (musical)" which was acclaimed on Broadway, its unsparing stance being substantially sweetened for the film "Cabaret" (1972). His novel "A Single Man" was published in 1964.

neg: Divergent (novel) Divergent is the debut novel of American novelist Veronica Roth, published by HarperCollins Children's Books in 2011. The novel is the first of the Divergent trilogy, a series of young adult dystopian novels set in the Divergent Universe. The novel "Divergent" features a post-apocalyptic version of Chicago and follows Beatrice "Tris" Prior as she explores her identity within a society that defines its citizens by their social and personality-related affiliation with five factions, which removes the threat of anyone exercising independent will and re-threatening the population's safety. Underlying the action and dystopian focused main plot is a romantic subplot between Tris and one of her instructors in the Dauntless faction, nicknamed Four.

neg: Third Girl from the Left Third Girl from the Left is a novel by American writer Martha Southgate first published in 2005.

neg: Marisha Pessl Marisha Pessl (born October 26, 1977) is an American writer best known for her debut novel, "Special Topics in Calamity Physics".

neg: Victor J. Banis Victor J. Banis (born 1937) is an American author, often associated with the first wave of west coast gay writing. For his contributions he has been called "the godfather of modern popular gay fiction." He is openly gay.

neg: Zahid Hussain (author) Zahid Hussain (born 6 March 1972) is a British writer of Pakistani origin. He writes fiction and poetry. His debut novel was "The Curry Mile" and was published by Suitcase Press, a Manchester-based publishing house. Hussain explores social and ethical issues in his writing.

neg: Insurgent (novel) Insurgent is a 2012 science fiction young adult novel by American novelist Veronica Roth and the second book in the "Divergent" trilogy. As the sequel to the 2011 bestseller "Divergent", it continues the story of Tris Prior and the dystopian post-apocalyptic version of Chicago. Following the events of the previous novel, a war now looms as conflict between the factions and their ideologies grows. While trying to save the people that she loves, Tris faces questions of grief, forgiveness, identity, loyalty, politics, and love.

neg: Cynthia Propper Seton Cynthia Propper Seton (October 11, 1926 – October 23, 1982) was an American writer and feminist. Following a 12-year career as a columnist for "The Berkshire Eagle" in Pittsfield, Massachusetts, she began writing essays and fiction, producing five novels and three essay collections. Her third novel, "A Fine Romance", was a finalist for the 1977 National Book Award for Fiction.

neg: Lisa McInerney Lisa McInerney (born 1981) is an Irish short story writer, blogger, and novelist. Her debut novel, "The Glorious Heresies", was published in April 2015 and won the Baileys Women's Prize for Fiction and the Desmond Elliott Prize in 2016.

neg: Francie Lin Francie Lin is a Taiwanese American novelist, whose debut novel "The Foreigner" (2008) won the Edgar Award for Best First Novel by an American Author.

neg: Tideland Tideland is the third published book by author Mitch Cullin, and is the third installment of the writer's "Texas Trilogy" that also includes the coming-of-age novel "Whompyjawed" and the novel-in-verse "Branches".

neg: David J. Williams David J. Williams is a British-born American science fiction writer and video game writer. His debut novel, "The Mirrored Heavens", was described as "Tom Clancy interfacing Bruce Sterling" by Stephen Baxter, and is part of the "Autumn Rain Trilogy", with a sequel entitled "The Burning Skies" released in June 2009.

neg: Jacob's Room Jacob's Room is the third novel by Virginia Woolf, first published on 26 October 1922.

neg: The Third Culture The Third Culture is a 1995 book by John Brockman which discusses the work of several well-known scientists who are directly communicating their new, sometimes provocative, ideas to the general public. John Brockman has continued the themes of 'The Third Culture' in the website of the Edge Foundation, where leading scientists and thinkers contribute their thoughts in plain English.

neg: Day (Wiesel novel) Day, published in 1962, is the third book in a trilogy by Elie Wiesel—"Night", "Dawn", and "Day"—describing his experiences and thoughts during and after the Holocaust.

neg: Jim Krusoe Jim Krusoe is an American novelist, poet, and short story writer. His stories and poems have appeared in "Antioch Review", "Denver Quarterly", "BOMB", "Iowa Review", "Field", "North American Review", "American Poetry Review", and "Santa Monica Review", which he founded in 1988. His essays and book reviews have appeared in "Manoa", the "Los Angeles Times Book Review", "The New York Times" and the "Washington Post". He is a recipient of fellowships from the National Endowment of the Arts and the Lila Wallace Reader's Digest Fund. He teaches at Santa Monica College and in the graduate writing program at Antioch University, Los Angeles. His novel, "Iceland", was selected by the "Los Angeles Times" and the "Austin Chronicle" as one of the ten best fiction books of 2002, and it was on the "Washington Post" list of notable fiction for the same year. His novel "Girl Factory" was published in 2008 by Tin House Books followed by "Erased," which was published in 2009 and "Toward You" published in 2010, also by Tin House Books.

neg: Louis Begley Louis Begley (born October 6, 1933) is a Jewish American novelist. He is best known for writing the semi-autobiographical Holocaust novel, "Wartime Lies" (1991), and the "Schmidt" trilogy: "About Schmidt" (1996), "Schmidt Delivered" (2000) and "Schmidt Steps Back" (2012).

neg: Great House (novel) Great House is the third novel by the American writer Nicole Krauss, published on October 12, 2010 by W. W. Norton & Company. Early versions of the first chapter were published in "Harper's" ("From the Desk of Daniel Varsky", 2007), "Best American Short Stories 2008", and "The New Yorker" ("The Young Painters", June 2010). "Great House" was a finalist for the 2010 National Book Award in Fiction.

neg: T. H. E. Hill Thomas Heinrich Edward Hill, or T. H. E. Hill (born 1948), is a pseudonymous American novelist who writes mostly in the genre of spy fiction. His first novel was published when he was 60 years old, after a career that was spent in military intelligence.

neg: Yawning Heights Yawning Heights (Russian: Зияющие Высоты , "Ziyayushchiye Vysoty" ) is the first published novel by Soviet philosopher Alexander Zinoviev. Zinoviev expressed skepticism and frustration toward writings that attempted to expose and reveal the evils of Soviet communism. Zinoviev chose, instead, to satirize and ridicule Soviet society in "Yawning Heights", presented as the city / nation of Ibansk. The novel has been compared to the writings of Jonathan Swift, Lewis Carroll, and others.


query: If the Irish Water Spaniel is the largest and oldest of spaniels, is the Kaikadi the smallest and youngest?

pos: Irish Water Spaniel The Irish Water Spaniel () is a breed of dog that is the largest and one of the oldest of spaniels.

pos: Kaikadi (dog) The Kaikadi is of the terrier dog breed, named after a nomadic tribe in Maharashtra, India. Kaikadi is a perfect watchdog as a result the nomadic life they lead watching over herds, They are also adept at hunting hare as well as vermin. The Kaikadi is best suited for large open areas, not urban home settings.

neg: Dingo The dingo ("Canis dingo" or "Canis lupus dingo") is a type of feral dog native to Australia. The dingo is the largest terrestrial predator in Australia, and plays an important role as an apex predator. While dingoes are often a threat to livestock, their depredation on rabbits, kangaroos and rats can be a net benefit to pastoralists, and is considered a cultural icon by some Australians.

neg: The Kennel Club The Kennel Club ("KC") is the official kennel club of the United Kingdom. It is the oldest recognised kennel club in the world. Its role is to act as governing body for various canine activities including dog shows, dog agility and working trials. It also operates the national register of pedigree dogs in the United Kingdom and acts as a lobby group on issues involving dogs in the UK. Its headquarters are located on Clarges Street in Mayfair, London, with business offices in Aylesbury.

neg: Vulnerable Native Breeds Vulnerable Native Breeds are a group of dog breeds originating in the United Kingdom and Ireland, and identified by The Kennel Club (KC) as having annual registration numbers of 300 puppies or fewer. The need for such a list was first identified in June 2003, with research conducted by the KC to identify the extent of the vulnerability and viability of each breed. It was a joint project, with the KC working with the British and Irish Native Breeds Trust, later to be known simply as the Native Dog Breeds Trust. The breeds on the list have been promoted at events such as Discover Dogs and Crufts, and by asking that owners of these breeds mate their dogs rather than having them spayed.

neg: Kodkod The kodkod ("Leopardus guigna") (] ), also called güiña, is the smallest cat in the Americas. It lives primarily in central and southern Chile and marginally in adjoining areas of Argentina. Its area of distribution is small compared to the other South American cats. Since 2002, it has been listed as Vulnerable on the IUCN Red List as the total effective population may comprise less than 10,000 mature individuals, and is threatened due to persecution and loss of habitat and prey base.

neg: Archaeohippus Archaeohippus is an extinct three toed member of the family Equidae known from fossils of Late Oligocene to early Miocene age. The genus is noted for several distinct skeletal features. The skull possesses deeply pocketed fossa in a notably long preorbital region. The genus is considered an example of phyletic dwarfism with adults estimated at being on average 20kg in weight. This is in contrast to the most common equid of the period, "Miohippus". Characters of the teeth show a mix of both primitive and advanced traits. The advanced traits are very similar to those shown in the genus "Parahippus". The noted similarities of "Archaeohippus" and "Parahippus" show them to be descended from a common ancestor and are considered sister species.

neg: Kerry cattle Kerry cattle (Irish: "Bó Chiarraí" or "Buinín") are a rare breed of dairy cattle, native to Ireland. They are believed to be one of the oldest breeds in Europe. Their coat is almost entirely black, with a little white on the udder. The horns are whitish with dark tips. Cows weigh about 350–400 kg and produce 3000–3700 kg of milk per lactation.

neg: Thumbelina (horse) Thumbelina (born May 1, 2001) is a dwarf miniature horse and the world's smallest horse. She stands 43 cm tall and weighs 26 kg , and received the title of world's smallest from Guinness World Records. Thumbelina was born in St. Louis, Missouri. Her owners, Paul and Kay Goessling, and her handler, Michael Goessling, care for her along with other miniature horses on their farm in Ladue.

neg: Portuguese dogfish The Portuguese dogfish or Portuguese shark ("Centroscymnus coelolepis") is a species of sleeper shark of the family Somniosidae. This globally distributed species has been reported down to a depth of 3675 m , making it the deepest-living shark known. It inhabits lower continental slopes and abyssal plains, usually staying near the bottom. Stocky and dark brown in color, the Portuguese dogfish can be distinguished from similar-looking species (such as the kitefin shark, "Dalatias licha") by the small spines in front of its dorsal fins. Its dermal denticles are also unusual, resembling the scales of a bony fish. This species typically reaches 0.9 - in length; sharks in the Mediterranean Sea are much smaller and have distinct depth and food preferences.

neg: Thylacinus potens Thylacinus potens ("powerful pouched dog") was the largest species of the family Thylacinidae, originally known from a single poorly preserved fossil discovered by Michael O. Woodburne in 1967 in a Late Miocene locality near Alice Springs, Northern Territory. It preceded the most recent species of thylacine by 4–6 million years, and was 5% bigger, was more robust and had a shorter, broader skull. Its size is estimated to be similar to that of a grey wolf; the head and body together were around 5 feet long, and its teeth were less adapted for shearing compared to those of the now-extinct thylacine.

neg: Weimaraner The Weimaraner ( ) is a large dog that was originally bred for hunting in the early 19th century. Early Weimaraners were used by royalty for hunting large game such as boar, bear, and deer. As the popularity of large game hunting began to decline, Weimaraners were used for hunting smaller animals like fowl, rabbits, and foxes.

neg: Pražský Krysařík The Pražský krysařík (Prague Ratter) is a small breed of dog from the Czech Republic that is rarely seen outside its country of origin. It is the smallest breed in the world by breed standard, because of the maximum height of the dogs, unlike Chihuahuas who are measured by weight.

neg: Celtic Hounds The Celtic hounds were a breed of dogs in Gaelic Ireland described in Irish legend. They may have corresponded to Greyhound, Scottish Deerhound, Irish Wolfhound, or ancestors of all of these breeds.

neg: Angolan talapoin The Angolan talapoin ("Miopithecus talapoin"), also known as the southern talapoin, is a species of primate in the family Cercopithecidae. Talapoins are the smallest species of old-world monkeys.

neg: Timarida Timarida (11 April 1992 – after 2006) was an Irish Thoroughbred racehorse and broodmare bred and owned by the Aga Khan, who competed in six different countries and won major races in five of them. In a racing career which lasted from March 1995 until December 1996 she ran sixteen times, recording ten wins, two seconds and two third places.

neg: Pika A pika ( ; archaically spelled pica) is a small mammal, with short limbs, very round body, rounded ears, and no external tail. They resemble their close cousin the rabbit, but with shorter ears. They live in mountainous countries in Asia, with two species also in North America. Most pikas prefer rocky slopes. The large-eared pika of the Himalayas and nearby mountains is one of the highest living mammals, found at heights of more than 6000 m . Pikas graze on a range of plants, mostly grasses, flowers and young stems. In the autumn, they pull hay, soft twigs and other stores of food into their burrows to eat during the long, cold winter. The name "pika" is used for any member of the Ochotonidae, a family within the order of lagomorphs, which also includes the Leporidae (rabbits and hares). One genus, Ochotona, is recognised within the family, and it includes 30 species. It is also known as the "whistling hare" due to its high-pitched alarm call when diving into its burrow. In the United States, the pika is colloquially called a "coney", a nonspecific term also used for rabbits, hares, and hyraxes. The name "pika" appears to be derived from the Tungus "piika" and the scientific name "Ochotona" is from the Mongolian word "ogdoi" which means pika.

neg: Water dog Water dogs are a type of gun dog bred to flush and retrieve game from water, often serving the waterfowl hunter. Strong swimming desire is a characteristic of these dogs. Some of the oldest dog breeds are water dogs. The term was originally water spaniels (a misnomer, as not all are spaniels). With the advent of kennel clubs many "water spaniels" were accepted under the names including the designation retriever rather than spaniel.

neg: Boykin Spaniel The Boykin Spaniel is a medium-sized breed of dog, a Spaniel bred for hunting wild turkeys and ducks in the Wateree River Swamp of South Carolina, in the United States. It is the state dog of South Carolina, where it was discovered and further developed by hunters in the 1900s. 1 September is Boykin Spaniel Day in South Carolina.

neg: Bolonka Russian Tsvetnaya Bolonka (Russian: Болонка ), also known as the Bolonka Zwetna in Germany, is a rare toy breed of the Bichon type, developed in Moscow and Saint Petersburg, Russia from the ancestors of smaller dogs such as the Bichon, Toy Poodle, Shih Tzu, Pekingese and French Bolognese. They include the white version Franzuskaya Bolonka, which is a variation of the Italian Bolognese dog. "Franzuskaya" means French, "Zwetna" is the German term for "Tsvetnaya" and means multicolored, and "Bolonka" translates as "Bolognese" in a number of Slavic languages. The Bolonka has recently gained more fame by being the chosen breed of Prince William and Kate Middleton.

neg: Water opossum The water opossum ("Chironectes minimus"), also locally known as the yapok , is a marsupial of the family Didelphidae. It is the only living member of its genus, Chironectes. This semiaquatic creature is found in and near the freshwater streams and lakes in Mexico, Central and South America to Argentina, and is the most aquatic living marsupial (the lutrine opossum also has aquatic habits). It is also the only living marsupial in which both sexes have a pouch. The thylacine, commonly referred to as the Tasmanian tiger, also exhibited this trait, but is now believed to be extinct.

neg: Kooikerhondje The Kooikerhondje (literal English translation "little cager dog" or "little caging dog") is a small spaniel-type breed of dog of Dutch ancestry that was originally used as a working dog, particularly in an "eendenkooi" (duck cage) to lure ducks. Kooikers were popular in the 17th and 18th century and appeared in the paintings of Rembrandt and Jan Steen. The breed is rapidly gaining popularity in the United States, Canada and Scandinavia, where it is still relatively unknown.


query: Which case was brought to court first Aptheker v. Secretary of State or Gideon v. Wainwright ?

pos: Aptheker v. Secretary of State Aptheker v. Secretary of State, 378 U.S. 500 (1964) , was a landmark United States Supreme Court case on the right to travel and passport restrictions as they relate to Fifth Amendment due process rights and First Amendment free speech, freedom of assembly and freedom of association rights. It is the first case in which the US Supreme Court considered the constitutionality of personal restrictions on the right to travel abroad.

pos: Gideon v. Wainwright Gideon v. Wainwright, 372 U.S. 335 (1963) , is a landmark case in United States Supreme Court history. In it, the Supreme Court unanimously ruled that states are required under the Sixth Amendment to the U.S. Constitution to provide counsel in criminal cases to represent defendants who are unable to afford to pay their own attorneys. The case extended the right to counsel, which had been found under the Fifth and Sixth Amendments to impose requirements on the federal government, by ruling that this right imposed those requirements upon the states as well.

neg: Utah Attorney General The Attorney General of Utah is the chief legal officer and legal adviser in the state of Utah. The office is elected, with a term of four years.

neg: Samuel F. Phillips Samuel Field Phillips (February 18, 1824 – November 18, 1903) was a civil rights pioneer, lawyer, politician, and the second U.S. Solicitor General (1872–1885). He took part in the landmark civil rights case, Plessy v. Ferguson.

neg: Jeh Johnson Jeh Charles Johnson ( , as in "Jay"; born September 11, 1957) is an American civil and criminal trial lawyer, who was the fourth United States Secretary of Homeland Security 2013 to 2017. He was the General Counsel of the Department of Defense from 2009 to 2012 during the first Obama Administration. Johnson is a graduate of Morehouse College (B.A.) and Columbia Law School (J.D.), and is the grandson of sociologist and Fisk University president Dr. Charles S. Johnson.

neg: William M. Evarts William Maxwell Evarts (February 6, 1818February 28, 1901) was an American lawyer and statesman from New York who served as U.S. Secretary of State, U.S. Attorney General and U.S. Senator from New York. He was renowned for his skills as a litigator and was involved in three of the most important causes of American political jurisprudence in his day: the impeachment of a president, the Geneva arbitration and the contests before the electoral commission to settle the presidential election of 1876.

neg: Pace v. Alabama Pace v. Alabama, 106 U.S. 583 (1883), was a case in which the United States Supreme Court affirmed that Alabama's anti-miscegenation statute was constitutional. This ruling was rejected by the Supreme Court in 1964 in "McLaughlin v. Florida" and in 1967 in "Loving v. Virginia". "Pace v. Alabama" is possibly the first recorded interracial sex court case in America.

neg: Gibbons v. Ogden Gibbons v. Ogden, 22 U.S. 1 (1824), was a landmark decision in which the Supreme Court of the United States held that the power to regulate interstate commerce, granted to Congress by the Commerce Clause of the United States Constitution, encompassed the power to regulate navigation. The case was argued by some of America's most admired and capable attorneys at the time. Exiled Irish patriot Thomas Addis Emmet and Thomas J. Oakley argued for Ogden, while U.S. Attorney General William Wirt and Daniel Webster argued for Gibbons.

neg: Steven Engel Steven Andrew Engel is an American lawyer who is the nominee to become United States Assistant Attorney General for the Office of Legal Counsel in the Donald Trump administration. Engel, who previously worked in the George W. Bush administration as deputy assistant attorney general in the Office of Legal Counsel, was nominated by President Donald Trump on January 31, 2017. A graduate of Yale Law School, Engel clerked for U.S. Supreme Court Justice Anthony Kennedy. He practiced law at Kirkland & Ellis before becoming a partner at the Dechert law firm.

neg: Lee v. Weisman Lee v. Weisman, 505 U.S. 577 (1992) was a United States Supreme Court decision regarding school prayer. It was the first major school prayer case decided by the Rehnquist Court. It ruled that schools may not sponsor clerics to conduct even non-denominational prayer. The Court followed a broad interpretation of the Establishment Clause that had been standard for decades at the nation's highest court, a reaffirmation of the principles of such landmark cases as "Engel v. Vitale", 370 U.S. 421 (1962) and "Abington v. Schempp", 374 U.S. 203 (1963) .

neg: Davenport v. Washington Education Ass'n Davenport v. Washington Education Association, 551 U.S. 177 (2007), is a ruling by the Supreme Court of the United States in which the Court held that it does not violate the First Amendment for a state to require its public-sector unions to receive affirmative authorization from a non-member before spending that nonmember's agency fees for election-related purposes.

neg: Ake v. Oklahoma Ake v. Oklahoma, 470 U.S. 68 (1985) , was a case in which the Supreme Court of the United States held that the Due Process Clause of the Fourteenth Amendment required the state to provide a psychiatric evaluation to be used on behalf of an indigent criminal defendant if he needed it.

neg: Scott v. Illinois Scott v. Illinois, 440 U.S. 367 (1979), was a case heard by the Supreme Court of the United States. In "Scott", the Court decided whether the Sixth and Fourteenth Amendments required Illinois to provide Scott with trial counsel.

neg: Lane v. Holder Lane v Holder (District case 1:1 lcv503, Appellate case 11-1847) is a civil lawsuit filed with the United States District Court for the Eastern District of Virginia on behalf of plaintiff Michelle Lane, a resident of the District of Columbia, by the Second Amendment Foundation against Eric Holder, Attorney General for the United States, and W. Steven Flaherty, Superintendent of the Virginia State Police. The suit seeks to bar the Defendants from enforcing a provision of the Federal Gun Control Act of 1968 that prohibits the purchase of firearms by a non-resident of the state in which the purchase is made, and from enforcing a Virginia State statute prohibiting the sale of handguns, outright, to any non-resident of the State. The case was dismissed by the District Court judge Gerald Bruce Lee. An appeal by Lane and the SAF is pending before the Fourth Circuit Court of Appeals.

neg: Legal Adviser of the Department of State The Legal Adviser of the Department of State is a position within the United States Department of State. It was created by an Act of Congress on February 23, 1931 (P.L. 71-715; 46 Stat. 1214). The Legal Adviser replaced the Solicitor, a Department of Justice employee who had functioned as the Department of State's chief legal officer since 1891. Between 1870 and 1891, the Examiner of Claims had been the chief legal officer of the Department. The Legal Adviser provides legal advice on all problems (domestic and international) arising in the course of the Department's activities. Solicitors and Examiners of Claims were by statute officials of the Department of Justice. The first Legal Adviser was Green Hackworth, who served until 1946 and then became a judge on the International Court of Justice.

neg: Usher F. Linder Usher Ferguson Linder (March 20, 1809 – June 5, 1876) served as Illinois Attorney General from 1837 until 1839. He was also a private-sector attorney in practice during the early statehood years of Illinois. In several of his cases, he practiced in affiliation with the Springfield, Illinois firm of Lincoln and Herndon and with its circuit partner, Abraham Lincoln.

neg: Gideon Welles Gideon Welles (July 1, 1802 – February 11, 1878) was the United States Secretary of the Navy from 1861 to 1869, a cabinet post he was given after supporting Lincoln in the 1860 election. Although opposed to the Union blockade of Southern ports, he duly carried out his part of the Anaconda Plan, largely sealing off the Confederate coastline and preventing the exchange of cotton for war supplies. This is viewed as a major cause of Union victory in the Civil War, and his achievement in expanding the Navy almost tenfold was widely praised. Welles was also instrumental in the Navy's creation of the Medal of Honor.

neg: Susan Rose-Ackerman Susan Rose-Ackerman (born Susan Gould Rose on April 23, 1942 in Mineola, New York) is Henry R. Luce Professor of Jurisprudence (Law and Political Science) and is co-director of the Center for Law, Economics, and Public Policy at Yale Law School. She is an expert in political corruption and development, administrative law, law and regulatory policy, the nonprofit sector, and federalism.

neg: Clarence M. York Clarence Melville York (November 1868 – June 20, 1906) was an American attorney who, in the 1890s, was one of the first law clerks to the justices of the Supreme Court of the United States.

neg: People v. Marsden People v. Marsden is a 1970 California Supreme Court decision that held it was error for the trial court to deny a defendant's motion to relieve his court-appointed counsel without holding a hearing to allow the defendant to explain his grounds. The trial court had denied the motion based on the trial judge's own observations of the proceedings and belief that the attorney was providing effective representation. Criminal defendants in the United States have the right to appointed counsel if they cannot afford to hire an attorney under the Sixth Amendment as interpreted by the United States Supreme Court case Gideon v. Wainwright.

neg: Ford v. Wainwright Ford v. Wainwright, 477 U.S. 399 (1986) , was a U.S. Supreme Court case that upheld the common law rule that the insane cannot be executed; therefore the petitioner is entitled to a competency evaluation and to an evidentiary hearing in court on the question of their competency to be executed.

neg: R (Ullah) v Special Adjudicator Regina v. Special Adjudicator ex parte Ullah, also known as Do v. Secretary of State for the Home Department [2004] UKHL 26 on appeal from [2002] EWCA Civ 1856, was a legal case in the United Kingdom. This was a joint decision, meaning two cases were heard at the same time, so the case may be cited as either of the case titles.


query: Benjamin Briggs was the captain of a merchant ship  that was discovered deserted off the shores of which Island ?

pos: Benjamin Briggs Benjamin Spooner Briggs (April 24, 1835 – probably November 1872) was an experienced United States seaman and master mariner. He is famous today for being the Captain of the merchant ship "Mary Celeste" when she was discovered unmanned and drifting in the Atlantic Ocean near the Straits of Gibraltar, on December 4, 1872. The lifeboat was missing, yet the "Mary Celeste" herself was still under sail and there were signs of a sudden and unexplained abandonment. Benjamin Briggs, his wife Sarah and two-year-old daughter Sophia Matilda, along with the crew of the "Mary Celeste", the lifeboat and sextant, were never found and presumed lost.

pos: Mary Celeste Mary Celeste (often misreported as "Marie Celeste") was an American merchant brigantine, discovered adrift and deserted in the Atlantic Ocean, off the Azores Islands, on December 5, 1872. The Canadian brigantine "Dei Gratia" found her in a dishevelled but seaworthy condition, under partial sail, and with her lifeboat missing. The last entry in her log was dated ten days earlier. She had left New York City for Genoa on November 7, and on discovery was still amply provisioned. Her cargo of denatured alcohol was intact, and the captain's and crew's personal belongings were undisturbed. None of those who had been on board were ever seen or heard from again.

neg: Nantucket (ship) The Nantucket was a 350-ton whaler built in Nantucket, Massachusetts in 1837. First master, David N. Edwards, 1837-40 (left ship, replaced by F. C. Sanford), then: George Washington Gardner, 1841–45; Benjamin C. Gardner, 1845–50; Richard C. Gibbs 1850-54 (rescued Captain John Deblois and his crew two days after the ship "Ann Alexander" was sunk by a whale); Richard C. Gibbs (1855–59).

neg: Hovgaard Island (Greenland) Hovgaard Island (Danish: "Hovgaard Ø" ) is a large uninhabited island of the Greenland Sea, Greenland. The island was named after Andreas Hovgaard, a Polar explorer and officer of the Danish Navy who led an expedition to the Kara Sea on steamship "Dijmphna" in 1882-83.

neg: Providence (1807 ship) Providence was a merchant ship built at Calcutta, India, and launched in 1807. She made four voyages for the British East India Company (EIC), on one of which she delivered convicts to New South Wales. The ship was scuttled at St Martin's, Isles of Scilly in 1833 after grounding while on a voyage from London to Bombay, India.

neg: Hog Island (Rhode Island) Hog Island is an island in Narragansett Bay in Rhode Island, United States. It lies at the entrance to the harbor of the town of Bristol, and is part of the town of Portsmouth. The 60-foot (18.3 m) tall Hog Island Shoal Lighthouse stands off the south end, warning ships to beware of the dangerous shoals around the island. The island is home to a small summer vacation colony with no regular year-round residents and has a land area of 0.797 km² (196.97 acres), making it the fifth-largest island in Narragansett Bay.

neg: Murray Island (Antarctica) Murray Island, also sometimes known as Bluff Island, is an island 6 km long lying at the south-west side of Hughes Bay, off the west coast of Graham Land, Antarctica. The feature has been known to sealers operating in the area since the 1820s, although it was shown on charts as part of the mainland. In 1922 the whale catcher "Graham" passed through the channel separating it from the mainland, proving its insularity. It was named in association with Cape Murray, the seaward extremity of the island.

neg: HMS Discovery (1774) HMS "Discovery" was the consort ship of James Cook's third expedition to the Pacific Ocean in 1776–1780. Like Cook's other ships, "Discovery" was a Whitby-built collier originally named "Diligence" when she was built in 1774. Purchased in 1775, the vessel was measured at 299 tons burthen. Originally a brig, Cook had her changed to a full rigged ship. She was commanded by Charles Clerke, who had previously served on Cook's first two expeditions, and had a complement of 70. When Cook was killed in a skirmish with natives of Hawaii, Clerke transferred to the expedition's flagship HMS "Resolution" and John Gore assumed command of "Discovery". She returned to Britain under the command of Lieutenant James King, arriving back on 4 October 1780

neg: John Hatley Hatley, born in approximately 1762, joined the Royal Navy at a young age and in his first posting was attached to Captain James Cook's ship HMS "Resolution" . This vessel had secretly been ordered to search what is now the Alaskan Coast for the Northwest Passage. Leaving Britain in 1776, the ship reached Tahiti the following year and returned Omai, Captain Cook's translator and guide, to his home. From there, the vessel sailed north and visited the Hawaiian Islands, the Sandwich Islands and was the first European ship to visit and chart the coastline from California to Alaska. During 1778, Cook's behaviour became gradually more unpredictable, until in 1779 he returned to Hawaii to effect repairs on his ship prior to returning to Europe. There he was killed by Hawaiian warriors during a dispute over stolen goods. The survivors of the expedition finally returned to Britain in 1780.

neg: Barbuda Barbuda ( , ) is a small, uninhabited island in the eastern Caribbean that forms part of the sovereign Commonwealth nation of Antigua and Barbuda. It is located to the north of Antigua in the middle of the Leeward Islands. As of September 2017, due to harsh weather conditions and massive destruction to the infrastructure of the island due to Hurricane Irma, the island of Barbuda has been abandoned, with a population of 0. Most of its population of about 1,638 (at the 2011 Census) lived in the town of Codrington. Antigua and Barbuda became a sovereign nation on 1 November 1981, but remained part of the British Commonwealth and a constitutional monarchy. The island has since become a popular tourist destination because of its moderate climate and coastline.

neg: Charlotte (1784 ship) Charlotte was an English merchant ship built in the River Thames in 1784 and chartered in 1786 to carry convicts as part of the First Fleet to New South Wales. She returned to Britain from Botany Bay via China, where she picked up a cargo for the British East India Company. "Charlotte" then spent most of the rest of her career in the London-Jamaica trade. She may have been lost off Newfoundland in 1818; in any case, she disappears from the lists by 1821.

neg: Williams Island (South Australia) Williams Island is an island in the Australian state of South Australia located off the south coast of Jussieu Peninsula on Eyre Peninsula approximately 34 km south-east of Port Lincoln. It was named by Matthew Flinders for Robert Williams who subsequently lost his life along with seven other crew in the capsize of a cutter launched from the HM Sloop "Investigator" to search for water on 21 February 1802. Since 2004, the island has been part of the Memory Cove Wilderness Protection Area.

neg: SS Sirio SS "Sirio" was an Italian merchant steamer that had a shipwreck off the Spanish coast on August 4th 1906, causing the deaths of at least 150 Italian and Spanish emigrants bound for Argentina. The shipwreck gained notoriety because the captain, Giuseppe Piccone, abandoned ship at the first opportunity. The wreck had a profound effect on communities in northern Italy and was remembered in popular songs of the era.

neg: Sail Rock (Heard Island) Sail Rock is a rock lying 1 nmi northwest of Shag Island and 7 nmi north of Heard Island. This rock, though positioned several miles too far westward, appears to have been first shown on an 1860 sketch map compiled by Captain H.C. Chester, American sealer operating in the area during this period. It was more accurately charted and named on an 1874 chart by the Challenger expedition.

neg: William Mynors William Mynors was an English sea-captain, master of the East India Company (EIC) vessel "Royal Mary". His voyage in 1643 discovered Christmas Island ( ) on Christmas Day of that year when he sailed past it. Besides this, little is known of Mynors.

neg: Candlemas Island Candlemas Island is a small uninhabited island of the Candlemas Islands in the South Sandwich Islands. It lies about 2 mi from Vindication Island, separated by the Nelson Channel.

neg: Spert Island Spert Island is an island lying off the west extremity of Trinity Island, in the Palmer Archipelago. Charted by the Swedish Antarctic Expedition under Nordenskjold, 1901-04. Named by the United Kingdom Antarctic Place-Names Committee (UK-APC) in 1960 for Sir Thomas Spert, Controller of the King's Ships in the time of Henry VIII, founder and first Master of the Mariners of England, which later became the Corporation of Trinity House.

neg: Colonist (1861) Colonist was a general cargo and passenger schooner built in 1861 at Dumbarton Scotland by Denny & Rankine. It spent nearly 30 years plying the Western Pacific-based out of Sydney. It wrecked and later re-floated on the remote Elizabeth Reef 550 km from New South Wales, as well as being involved in the gold rushes. Its master murdered was before it was finally involved in a collision in Sydney Harbour, in which it was sunk.

neg: Falklands Expedition The Falklands Expedition occurred in late 1831 when the United States Navy warship USS "Lexington" was dispatched to investigate the plunder of two whalers at the small Argentine colony of Puerto Soledad. American forces discovered that the settlers were suffering from famine so they were evacuated in the "Lexington" to the mainland. The Argentine colony was then abandoned which left the islands unsettled and open for British acquisition. Historically, the Argentine government has disputed the rights to the islands with the United Kingdom and it culminated in the Falklands War of 1982.

neg: 1947 Ramdas ship disaster 1947 "Ramdas" ship disaster occurred near Bombay (now Mumbai) in India. The Indian passenger ship SS "Ramdas", while bound for Rewas in Maharashtra, capsized on 17 July 1947, near Gull Island (Kashyacha Khadak), ten miles from Colaba Point, killing 690 of the people on board.

neg: Sullivan Island Sullivan Island is an island in Lynn Canal, southwest of Chilkat Island, Southeast Alaska, United States. It was named in 1869 by Commander R.W. Meade, USN, for the master of the schooner "Louisa Downs", which had wrecked on the island in 1867. The Tlingit name for the island is "Schikuk". The first European to discover and chart the island was Joseph Whidbey, master of the HMS "Discovery" during George Vancouver's 1791-95 expedition, in 1794.

neg: North Sentinel Island North Sentinel Island is one of the Andaman Islands, which includes South Sentinel Island, in the Bay of Bengal. It is home to the Sentinelese who, often violently, reject any contact with the outside world, and are among the last people worldwide to remain virtually untouched by modern civilization. As such, only limited information about the island is known.


query: What former World Hockey Association team that Paul Terbenche played were based in Winnipeg, Manitoba?

pos: Paul Terbenche Paul Frederick Terbenche (September 16, 1945 – January 8, 2012) was a Canadian professional ice hockey defenceman. He played in the National Hockey League with the Chicago Black Hawks and Buffalo Sabres, as well as in the World Hockey Association with the Vancouver Blazers, Calgary Cowboys, Birmingham Bulls, Houston Aeros, and Winnipeg Jets.

pos: Winnipeg Jets (1972–96) The Winnipeg Jets were a Canadian professional ice hockey team based in Winnipeg, Manitoba. They began play in the World Hockey Association (WHA) in 1972, moving to the National Hockey League (NHL) in 1979 following the WHA's collapse. Due to mounting financial troubles, in 1996 the franchise moved to Phoenix, Arizona and became the Phoenix Coyotes (now the Arizona Coyotes). In 2011 the Atlanta Thrashers franchise relocated to Winnipeg and restored the Jets name, although the prior Jets club history is retained by the Arizona club (the new Jets did acknowledge the original Jets as part of the 2016 Heritage Classic festivities).

neg: Winnipeg Monarchs (WHL) The Winnipeg Monarchs were a junior ice hockey team that played in the Western Canada Hockey League from 1967 to 1977 under three names. The team played as the Winnipeg Jets from 1967 to 1973; the Winnipeg Clubs from 1973 to 1976, and the Winnipeg Monarchs from 1976 to 1977. The Monarchs franchise played at Winnipeg Arena in Winnipeg, Manitoba. The team was the direct namesake for the Winnipeg Jets professional hockey club that began play in 1972; the junior Jets changed their name to disambiguate themselves in 1973.

neg: Ted Lozanski T. L. (Ted) Lozanski (August 25, 1926 – September 7, 1976) was a Canadian football player who played for the Winnipeg Blue Bombers. He was also an ice hockey player, coach and executive (former president of the Manitoba Amateur Hockey Association). He is a recipient of the Manitoba Centennial Medal for his contributions to amateur hockey in Manitoba.

neg: Winkler Flyers The Winkler Flyers are a Manitoba Junior Hockey League team playing out of the Winkler Arena in Winkler, Manitoba, Canada. The Flyers entered the MJHL as an expansion team for the 1980-81 season. Famous National Hockey League players to have played on this team include Hall of Fame goaltender Eddie "The Eagle" Belfour.

neg: Winnipeg Blues The Winnipeg Blues are a Manitoba Junior Hockey League team based in Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada. The team was founded in 1930 and formerly known as the Winnipeg Monarchs, Fort Garry Blues, and Winnipeg South Blues.

neg: Terry Holbrook (ice hockey) Terence Eugene Holbrook (born July 11, 1950) is a Canadian former professional ice hockey player who played in the National Hockey League (NHL) and World Hockey Association (WHA). Drafted in the third round of the 1970 NHL Amateur Draft by the Los Angeles Kings, Holbrook played parts of two NHL seasons with the Minnesota North Stars. He played the final two seasons of his career with the Cleveland Crusaders of the WHA. Holbrook was born in Petrolia, Ontario, but grew up in Watford, Ontario.

neg: Granite Curling Club (Winnipeg) The Granite Curling Club, located in Winnipeg, Manitoba, is the oldest curling club in Western Canada. Affectionally known to curling fans as the "Mother Club", it has produced many Canadian and world champions. The original Granite Curling Club dates back to 1880. Its current downtown location and Tudor-framed clubhouse was built in 1913, the building is a Winnipeg Heritage Building. It is often considered to be the "St. Andrews" of curling because of its contribution to the sport in curling's most dominant region.

neg: Winnipeg Hockey Club The Winnipeg Hockey Club (also known as the Winnipeg Winnipegs) were a former amateur senior-level men's amateur ice hockey team in Winnipeg, Manitoba founded in 1890. They represented Canada at the 1932 Winter Olympics held at Lake Placid, New York. The team was undefeated throughout the Olympic tournament and were named the 1932 Olympic and world champions. Prior to being named Team Canada, the Winnipegs won the 1931 Allan Cup.

neg: Bernie Lukowich Bernard Joseph Lukowich (born March 18, 1952 in North Battleford, Saskatchewan and raised in Saskatoon, Saskatchewan) is a retired NHL and WHA player. He played 79 games in the NHL for the Pittsburgh Penguins and the St. Louis Blues. And another 21 games for the Calgary Cowboys of the WHA.

neg: Bill Benson William Lloyd Benson (July 29, 1920 – February 8, 2012) was a Canadian professional ice hockey centreman who played 2 NHL seasons with the New York/Brooklyn Americans. He was born in Winnipeg, Manitoba.

neg: Springfield Xtreme The Springfield Xtreme are a junior 'C' club based in Oakbank, Manitoba. Established in 1988, the team compete in the Hanover Tache Junior Hockey League.

neg: 2013–14 Winnipeg Jets season The 2013–14 Winnipeg Jets season was the 15th season for the National Hockey League franchise and the third in Winnipeg, Manitoba. The franchise played in Atlanta since the 1999–2000 NHL season, and relocated to Winnipeg following the conclusion of the 2010–11 NHL season.

neg: Hanover Tache Junior Hockey League The Hanover Tache Junior Hockey League is a junior ice hockey league in Manitoba, Canada, sanctioned by Hockey Manitoba. It is the only Junior 'C' league in Manitoba, and as such, league champions are also named provincial Junior 'C' champions.

neg: Manitoba & Northwestern Hockey Association The Manitoba & Northwestern Hockey Association was an early senior-level men's amateur ice hockey league, founded in 1903, and played one season, 1903-1904 before joining the Manitoba Hockey Association. It operated in the provinces of Manitoba and Ontario of Canada, and was an important league in the early development of ice hockey in Canada.

neg: Montreal Wanderers The Montreal Wanderers were a Canadian amateur, and later professional, men's ice hockey team. The team played in the Federal Amateur Hockey League (FAHL), the Eastern Canada Amateur Hockey Association (ECAHA), the National Hockey Association (NHA) and briefly the National Hockey League (NHL). The Wanderers were four-time Stanley Cup winners. Prior to the formation of the NHL, the "Redbands" were one of the most successful teams in hockey.

neg: Wayne Ramsey Wayne Ramsey (born January 31, 1957 in Hamiota, Manitoba) is a former professional ice hockey defenceman. He was drafted in the sixth round, 104th overall, by the Buffalo Sabres in the 1977 NHL Amateur Draft; he played two games in the National Hockey League with Buffalo in the 1977–78 season, going scoreless. He was also drafted by the World Hockey Association's Indianapolis Racers, but never played in that league.

neg: 2015–16 Winnipeg Jets season The 2015–16 Winnipeg Jets season was the 17th season for the National Hockey League franchise that was established on June 25, 1997, and the fifth in Winnipeg, Manitoba since the franchise relocated from Atlanta prior to the start of the 2011–12 NHL season.

neg: Steve Cuddie Steve Cuddie (born June 18, 1950) is a Canadian retired professional ice hockey defenceman who played 221 games in the World Hockey Association for the Winnipeg Jets and Toronto Toros.

neg: Manitoba Hockey League The Manitoba Hockey League was a senior men's ice hockey league operating in or around the 1930s in Manitoba, Canada, under the auspices of the Manitoba Amateur Hockey Association, now known as Hockey Manitoba.

neg: 1977–78 Winnipeg Jets season The 1977–78 Winnipeg Jets season was the Jets' sixth season of operation in the World Hockey Association (WHA). The Jets, finalists in 1977, qualified first for the playoffs and the championship against the New England Whalers in the Final. It was the Jets' second Avco Cup win.

neg: Toronto Toros The Toronto Toros were an ice hockey team based in Toronto, Ontario that played in the World Hockey Association from 1973 to 1976.


query: When are Multekrem and the traditional Danish wreath cake get served?

pos: Multekrem Multekrem is a traditional Norwegian dessert, made by mixing cloudberries with whipped cream and sugar. The cloudberries can be served as-is or heated. It is common to serve the Multekrem with Krumkake or Kransekake. Multekrem is also a traditional Norwegian Christmas dinner dessert.

pos: Kransekake The kransekage (literally "wreath cake") is a traditional Danish (kransekage) and Norwegian (kransekake/tårnkake ("tower cake")) confection, usually eaten on special occasions such as weddings, baptisms, Christmas, or New Year's Eve.

neg: Gugelhupf A Gugelhupf (also "Kugelhupf", "Guglhupf", "Gugelhopf", and, in France, "kouglof", "kougelhof", or "kougelhopf") is a light, yeasted marble cake, traditionally baked in a distinctive circular Bundt mold. It is popular in a wide region of Central Europe, including southern Germany, Austria, Switzerland, Slovakia, Czech Republic, Poland and Alsace.

neg: Réveillon In Belgium, Brazil, France, Portugal, Romania, in the Canadian provinces of Quebec, Ontario and New Brunswick, the city of New Orleans, and some other French-speaking places, a réveillon (] ) is a long dinner held on the evenings preceding Christmas Day and New Year's Day. The name of this dinner is based on the word "réveil" (meaning "waking"), because participation involves staying awake until midnight and beyond. In Portuguese-speaking countries, it is also a designation for the party preceding to the New Year's Day. In the United States, the "réveillon" tradition is still observed in New Orleans due to the city's strong French heritage, with a number of the city's restaurants offering special "réveillon" menus on Christmas Eve.

neg: Kołacz Kołacz (] ) meaning cake, wheel cake, or coffee cake (variously transliterated as kolach, kolachky, kolacky, kolachy, from Polish: "Koło" : "disk") is a traditional Polish pastry, originally a wedding cake dating to the start of the 13th century, that has made its way into American homes around the Christmas and Easter holidays. The pastry is a light and flaky dough filled with a variety of sweet and savory fillings such as apricot, raspberry, prune, sweet cheese, poppy seed or even a nut mixture. Variants of the traditional Slavic pastry have found entrance into many Central and Eastern European cuisines, e.g. the Czech leven yeast dough called kolache ("koláč"). When the dough and filling mixture is rolled it is also known as a "makowiec", "makownik", "poteca", "strucla z makiem" (poppy seed strusel), "strucla orzechowa" (walnut strusel), "strucla z migdalowa" (almonds strusel). In Hungarian this is called, Diós-mákos Beigli or Bejgli. Some sprinkle the roll with poppy seeds or powdered sugar on top and can be baked in a circular pan or long-ways in a jelly pan like a log.

neg: Pleated Christmas hearts Pleated Christmas hearts (Danish: "Julehjerte" ) are a Danish and north German crafts, commonly used as Christmas ornaments.

neg: King's Feast The King's Feast (Dutch: "Koningsfeest" , French: "Fête du Roi" , German: "Festtag des Königs" ) has been celebrated in Belgium on November 15 since 1866. Since 2001, the Belgian Federal Parliament has held a ceremony in honor of the King, in the presence of members of the Belgian Royal Family and other dignitaries. It is not a national public holiday, however, Federal government institutions are closed on this day. Traditionally, a Te Deum is sung as well as a private observance being held.

neg: Ontbijtkoek An ontbijtkoek (literally translated "breakfast cake") or peperkoek ("pepper cake") is a Dutch spiced cake. Rye is its most important ingredient, coloring the cake in light brown. It is often spiced with cloves, cinnamon, ginger, succade and nutmeg. Several parts of the Netherlands have their own local recipe, of which the most famous is "Oudewijvenkoek" (old woman's cake) which is mostly eaten in the northern regions, and is flavored with aniseed. Ontbijtkoek is traditionally served at breakfast with a thick layer of butter on top, as a replacement for bread. However, due to its sweet taste it is also served as a snack.

neg: Rumtopf Rumtopf (Danish: "Romkrukke" ), which literally means "rum pot", is a German and Danish dessert, traditionally eaten around Christmas. Once a popular traditional dessert, Rumtopf had fallen in fashion by 2004. Rumtopf is one of the dishes popularised by the German television cook Clemens Wilmenrod.

neg: Germknödel Germknödel (] in Austrian German) is a fluffy yeast dough dumpling, filled with spiced plum jam and served with melted butter and a mix of poppy seeds and sugar on top. It is occasionally - even though less traditional - served with vanilla cream sauce instead. It is a culinary specialty of Austria and Bavaria. The dish is served both as a dessert and as a main course.

neg: Zwiebelkuchen Zwiebelkuchen (German for "onion cake") is a savory German one-crust onion cake made of steamed onions, diced bacon, cream, and caraway seeds on either a yeast dough or a leavened dough.

neg: Black bun Black bun is a type of fruit cake completely covered with pastry. It is Scottish in origin, originally eaten on Twelfth Night but now enjoyed at Hogmanay. The cake mixture typically contains raisins, currants, almonds, citrus peel, allspice, ginger, cinnamon and black pepper. It had originally been introduced following the return of Mary, Queen of Scots from France, but its original use at Twelfth Night ended with the Scottish Reformation. It was subsequently used for first-footing over Hogmanay.

neg: Teacake A teacake in England is a light yeast-based sweet bun containing dried fruit, typically served toasted and buttered. In the U.S. teacakes can be cookies or small cakes. In Sweden they are soft round flat wheat breads made with milk and a little sugar, and used to make sandwiches, with butter, and for example ham and/or cheese. In India and Australia a teacake is more like a sponge cake. Tea refers to the popular beverage to which these baked goods are an accompaniment.

neg: Lady Baltimore cake A Lady Baltimore Cake is an American white layer cake with fluffy frosting and a fruit and nut filling. The cake is believed to have been created in the Southern United States in the early 20th century, but its exact origins are disputed.

neg: Moin Moin (] ), moi or mòjn is a Danish, Frisian, Kashubian and Low German greeting from East Frisia, Southern Schleswig (including North Frisia and Flensburg), Bremen, Hamburg, Holstein, Mecklenburg-Vorpommern, the eastern and northern Netherlands and Southern Jutland in Denmark, meaning "hello" and in some places "goodbye".

neg: Boerenjongens Boerenjongens (] ) is a Dutch dish of raisins soaked in brandy. The name means "farmer boys" in Dutch. This recipe is especially popular with older Dutch people and traditionally consumed at holidays or birthdays. In the city of Groningen and other cities in the countryside like Enschede there is often boerenjongens-flavoured ice cream for sale.

neg: Coronation of the Danish monarch The coronation of the Danish monarch was a religious ceremony in which the accession of the Danish monarch was marked by a coronation ceremony. It was held in various forms from 1170 to 1840, mostly in Lund Cathedral in Lund, St. Mary's Cathedral in Copenhagen and in the chapel of Frederiksborg Palace in Hillerød.

neg: Speculaas Speculaas or speculoos (Dutch: "Speculaas" ] , Flemish: "speculoos", French: "spéculoos" ] , German: "Spekulatius") is a type of spiced shortcrust biscuit, traditionally baked for consumption on or just before St Nicholas' day in the Netherlands (5 December), Belgium (6 December), and around Christmas in Germany. Speculaas are thin, very crunchy, caramelized, slightly browned and, most significantly, have some image or figure (often from the traditional stories about St. Nicholas) stamped on the front side before baking; the back is flat.

neg: Grøn Koncert Grøn Koncert (literally "Green Concert") is an annually recurring series of Danish one-day music festivals. Taking place in July, the concerts are performed by a selection of bands who tour around Denmark for about ten days. The concerts have been held every year since 1983, always with mostly or exclusively Danish artists.

neg: Moltke's Palace Moltke's Palace or Christian VII's Palace is one of the four palaces in the southwestern region of Amalienborg in Copenhagen.

neg: Dutch baby pancake A Dutch baby pancake, sometimes called a German pancake, a Bismarck, or a Dutch puff, is a sweet popover that is normally served for breakfast. It is derived from the German "Pfannkuchen". It is made with eggs, flour, sugar and milk, and usually seasoned with vanilla and cinnamon, although occasionally fruit or another flavoring is also added. It is baked in a cast iron or metal pan and falls soon after being removed from the oven. It is generally served with fresh squeezed lemon, butter, and powdered sugar, fruit toppings or syrup. A basic batter incorporates 1/3 cup flour and 1/3 cup liquid per egg.

neg: Bremer Klaben Bremer Klaben, or just Klaben, is a type of Stollen from Bremen, Germany. This celebrated bread is famous in Northern Germany that gained its fame as it is traditionally eaten during the Christmas season. It is said that Bremer Klaben tastes especially good when it is baked two weeks before serving. The shelf life of this pastry is for several months.