query: Red, White and Brown was by the comedian who was introduced to the stage by the lead rapper for which group?

pos: Red, White and Brown Red, White and Brown is the second stand-up comedy album by Canadian comedian Russell Peters, recorded at the WAMU Theatre at Madison Square Garden in New York City, on February 2, 2008. It originally aired on Showtime and later on Comedy Central. The CD/DVD was released in Canada on September 30, 2008, and in the U.S. on January 27, 2009, debuting at #3 on the Canadian Albums Chart. The hip hop theme music was produced by Marco Polo, and legendary MC Melle Mel introduced Peters to the stage.

pos: Melle Mel Melvin Glover (born May 15, 1961), better known as Melle Mel and Grandmaster Melle Mel, is an American hip-hop musician – one of the pioneers of rap as lead rapper and main songwriter for Grandmaster Flash and the Furious Five.

neg: Moneybagg Yo Demario Dewayne White, Jr. (born September 22, 1991), better known by his stage name Moneybagg Yo, is an American rapper. He signed to Yo Gotti's record label CMG in October of 2016. He also signed a distribution deal with Interscope. His latest two projects, Heartless and Federal 3X, debuted at number 181 on the Billboard 200 and number 5 inside the top 10 on the Billboard 200, respectively.

neg: Boots Riley Raymond Lawrence "Boots" Riley (born 1971), better known by his stage name Boots Riley, is an American rapper, producer and film director best known as the lead vocalist of The Coup and Street Sweeper Social Club. Riley is known for his energetic, charismatic, "punk"-like presence on-stage, combined with dancing

neg: Lead the Way Lead the Way is the second studio album by American rap supergroup, T.W.D.Y. It was released October 3, 2000 on Thump Records. It peaked at number 74 on the "Billboard" Top R&B/Hip-Hop Albums. The album was produced entirely by Ant Banks and Sonny B. It features guest performances by West Coast heavy-weights: Kurupt, Ice-T, Too Short, CJ Mac, B-Legit, MC Eiht, Luniz, King T, Dru Down and Cold 187um.

neg: Freddie Starr Freddie Starr (born Frederick Leslie Fowell, 9 January 1943) is an English comedian, impressionist, singer and actor. Starr was the lead singer of Merseybeat pop group the Midniters during the early 1960s, and came to prominence in the early 1970s after appearing on "Opportunity Knocks" and the Royal Variety Performance.

neg: Frank D Don Otoide Frank Isimhmen Chineyene (born November 16 1985), known by his stage name Rt Hon Frank D Don, is a Nigerian entertainer, comedian and actor.

neg: Who Got the Gravy? Who Got the Gravy? is the fifth album by rap group, Digital Underground, which reached #91 on the Top R&B/Hip-Hop Albums charts. Guests included east coasters Big Pun, Biz Markie and KRS-One; west coast newcomers Esinchill and female emcee Mystic; and introduced yet another Shock G character, "Peanut Hakeem Anafu Washington".

neg: Woody Rock Woody Rock (born James Green on September 10, 1976 in Baltimore, Maryland) is an African-American singer, dancer, and musician best known as a former member of the multi-platinum R&B act Dru Hill, a group for which he has written and sung lead on songs such as "5 Steps", "April Showers", and "Angel". He has also recorded his own solo gospel album, "Soul Music", for Kirk Franklin's Gospocentric Records. His nickname was derived from his father saying he resembled the Woody Woodpecker cartoon character.

neg: Post Malone Austin Richard Post (born July 4, 1995), known professionally as Post Malone, is an American rapper, singer, songwriter, record producer, and guitarist. He first gained major recognition in February 2015, after the release of his debut single "White Iverson". In August 2015, Malone landed a record deal with Republic Records. On December 9, 2016, he released his debut studio album "Stoney".

neg: Howard Kremer Howard Michael Kremer (born February 3, 1971), also known by his stage name Dragon Boy Suede and his nicknames H. Michael Kre and Howie Michael Motorcycle, is an American comedian and comedic rapper. Howard Kremer is the host of the "Who Charted?" podcast, co-hosted by Kulap Vilaysack and available on the Earwolf podcast network.

neg: Suga Free Dejuan Walker (born January 17, 1970), better known by his stage name Suga Free, is an American rapper from Pomona, California.

neg: Nabil Abdul Rashid Mohamed Nasir Nabil Abdul Rashid ibn Suleman Obineche (born 3 September 1987) is an English comedian of Nigerian descent. In 2010, at the age of 22, he became the youngest black comedian to perform stand-up at the Hammersmith Apollo.

neg: Michael V. Beethoven del Valle Bunagan (born December 17, 1969), known by his stage name Michael V. and also known as "Bitoy", is a Filipino comedian, actor, impersonator, director, composer, singer, rapper, voice artist and parodist, who appears in the GMA Network show "Bubble Gang", and in his own TV show "Pepito Manaloto".

neg: Martin Lawrence Live Talkin' Shit Martin Lawrence Live Talkin' Shit is the debut album by comedian Martin Lawrence. The album was released in 1993 for East West Records. "Martin Lawrence Live Talkin' Shit" was met with negative reviews but still managed to make it to #76 on the "Billboard" 200 and #10 on the Top R&B/Hip-Hop Albums charts. Two singles were released "Boxin'" and "Black Kids/White Kids", but neither made it to the Billboard charts.

neg: GZA Gary Grice (born August 22, 1966), better known by his stage names GZA ( ) and The Genius, is an American rapper and songwriter. A founding member of the hip hop group the Wu-Tang Clan, GZA is known as the group's "spiritual head", being both the oldest and the first within the group to receive a record deal. He has appeared on his fellow Clan members' solo projects, and since the release of his critically acclaimed solo album "Liquid Swords" (1995), he has maintained a successful solo career.

neg: The D.O.C. Tracy Lynn Curry (born June 10, 1968), better known by his stage name The D.O.C., is an American rapper from Dallas. In addition to a solo career, he was a member of the hip hop group Fila Fresh Crew and later collaborated with gangsta rap group N.W.A, where he co-wrote many of their releases as well as Eazy-E's solo debut album "Eazy-Duz-It". He has also worked with Dr. Dre, who is one of the founding members of N.W.A and produced two of his solo albums.

neg: Marlon Jackson Marlon David Jackson (born March 12, 1957) is an American entertainer, singer, dancer. Jackson was a member of The Jackson 5. Jackson is known as "the Dancingest Jackson" for his dancing performances on stage, as well as the "Jokester" for his sense of humor. Jackson is the seventh child of the Jackson family.

neg: Chorão Alexandre Magno Abrão (April 9, 1970 – March 6, 2013), better known by his stage name Chorão, was a Brazilian musician, songwriter and poet. He was the lead singer and co-founder of the band Charlie Brown Jr.

neg: Method Man discography The discography of Method Man, an American hip hop recording artist, consists of five studio albums (including one collaborative album) and 34 singles (including 16 as a featured artist). Method Man embarked on his music career in 1992, as a member of East Coast hip hop group Wu-Tang Clan. After the Wu-Tang Clan released their highly acclaimed debut album "Enter the Wu-Tang (36 Chambers)" (1993), Method Man would be the first member to release his solo debut album. In November 1994, he released "Tical", under Def Jam Recordings. His debut album "Tical", features his biggest hit single to date, "I'll Be There for You/You're All I Need to Get By", which features American R&B singer Mary J. Blige and peaked at number three on the US "Billboard" Hot 100. Method Man would then go on to collaborate with fellow East Coast rapper Redman, and subsequently form a duo together.

neg: MC Gree Gim Dong-hyeon (; born November 10, 1998), also known by his stage name MC Gree (Korean: MC 그리 ), is a South Korean rapper, actor and television personality signed to Brand New Music. He is the son of comedian Gim Gu-ra.

neg: Iwa K Iwa K (born Iwa Kusuma, October 25, 1970) is Indonesian rapper, TV presenter, and actor.


query: what is the genre of film featuring musicians from the ensemble Qutub-E-Kripa?

pos: Qutub-E-Kripa Qutub-E-Kripa is an ensemble of young musicians of A. R. Rahman's KM Music Conservatory. They have been co-credited with A. R. Rahman for the background scores of "O Kadhal Kanmani" , "Tamasha", "OK Jaanu" Kaatru Veliyidai and "Mom" Now, the team is working together on Shankar's 2.0 starring Rajinikanth, Atlee's Mersal starring Vijay, a Netflix Marvel TV Show "Daughters of the Dragon".

pos: 2.0 (film) 2.0 is an upcoming Indian science fiction film written and directed by S. Shankar, co-written by B. Jeyamohan, and produced by Subaskaran Allirajah, founder of Lyca Productions. The film serves as a sequel to the 2010 Tamil film "Enthiran," and features Rajinikanth reprising the roles of Dr. Vaseegaran and Chitti, alongside Akshay Kumar and Amy Jackson. The film will be released simultaneously in Tamil and Hindi. With an estimated budget of 450 crore (4.5 billion), it is the most expensive Indian film made to date. A dubbed version in Telugu will release alongside the original Tamil and Hindi versions.The film is expected to be released worldwide on 25 January 2018.

neg: Daawat-e-Ishq Daawat-e-Ishq (English: "Feast of Love") is a 2014 Indian romantic comedy film directed by Habib Faisal and produced by Aditya Chopra under the banner of Yash Raj Films. It features actors Parineeti Chopra and Aditya Roy Kapur in the lead roles. The music was composed by Sajid-Wajid.

neg: Krazzy 4 Krazzy 4 is a 2008 Bollywood comedy film directed by Jaideep Sen and produced by Rakesh Roshan. The film stars Juhi Chawla, Arshad Warsi, Irrfan Khan, Suresh Menon and Rajpal Yadav in lead roles while Shahrukh Khan and Hrithik Roshan appear in item numbers. Music of the film is by Rajesh Roshan.

neg: Swati (1986 film) Swati is a 1986 Bollywood romantic drama film directed by Kranthi Kumar. The film belongs to the art house cinematic genre, known in India as parallel cinema.

neg: Shoghaken Folk Ensemble The Shoghaken Folk Ensemble, an Armenian musical group, performs and records Armenian folk and troubador music. The ensemble was founded in 1995 in Yerevan. It has since performed in Armenia, France (including a 2006 performance at the Théâtre de la Ville in Paris), Germany, Estonia, Russia, the United Arab Emirates, and the U.S. (including an eighteen-concert 2004 tour and an appearance at the 2002 Folklife Festival as part of the Silk Road project organized by Yo Yo Ma). The music of the Shoghaken Ensemble is featured on the soundtrack of the film "Ararat". In 2008, Shoghaken gave concerts during their second major tour of the US and Canada; the tour coincided with the release of the ensemble’s latest CD, "Shoghaken Ensemble: Music From Armenia".

neg: Khodar Pore Ma Khodar Pore Ma is an 2012 Dhallywood action drama film directed by Shahin-Sumon. The film features Shakib Khan, Bobita, Shahara and Misha Showdagor in lead roles. The film released on Eid al-Fitr of 20 August, 2012. Upon release, the film received positive reviews and declared as a superhit. This was the second time Shakib Khan won the National Film Award for Best Actor.

neg: Shaabi Shaabi (Egyptian Arabic: شعبى  " Shaʻbī "  ] ) is an Egyptian musical genre. It is a form of popular working-class music which evolved from baladi in the second half of the 20th century.

neg: Mashdi ebad Mashdi ebad is a 1953 Iranian musical comedy film directed by Samad Sabahi.

neg: Dharma (1973 film) Dharma is a 1973 Bollywood action film directed by Chand. The film stars Pran in the title role. The rest of the cast includes Ajit and the pair Navin Nischol and Rekha. The film became a "Superhit" at the box office. It was remade into the Telugu film "Na Pere Bhagavan" (1976). 'Dharma' film is also known for its music composed by the duo of Sonik-Omi and is especially famous for the qawwali sung by Mohammad Rafi on selquence between Pran and Bindu. A couple of other songs were also nicely tuned and presented.

neg: Qayamat – A Love Triangle In Afghanistan Qayamat is a 2003 Pakistani Urdu film directed by Sangeeta and stars Saima and Shaan.

neg: Nasheed A nasheed (Arabic: singular نشيد "nashīd ", plural أناشيد "anāshīd ", meaning: "chants"; also "nasyid" in Malaysia and Indonesia) is a work of vocal music that is either sung a cappella or accompanied by percussion instruments such as the daf. In general, Islamic anasheed do not contain lamellaphone instruments, string instruments, or wind and brass instruments, although digital remastering – either to mimic percussion instruments or create overtones – is permitted. This is because many Muslim scholars state that Islam prohibits the use of musical instruments except for some basic percussion.

neg: Klasik The classical music of Afghanistan is called klasik, which includes both instrumental (rāgas, naghmehs) and vocal forms (ghazals). Many "ustad", or professional musicians, are descended from Indian artists who emigrated to the royal court in Kabul in the 1860s upon the invitation of Amir Sher Ali Khan.

neg: Daughters of the Sun Daughters of the Sun (Persian: دختران خورشید  "Dakhtaran-e khorshid") is a 2000 Iranian drama movie written and directed by Maryam Shahriarm with Altinay Ghelich Taghani and Soghra Karimi in the lead. The movie was noted for successfully depicting the hardships faced by women in the rural economic conditions of Iran.

neg: Shak Shak is a 2004 film directed by Shaheer Azizi, depicting events in the life of an Afghan man living in Pakistan.

neg: Tabaqat Tabaqat (طبقات) is a genre of Islamic biographical literature that is organized according to the century in which the notable individuals (such as scholars, poets etc.) lived. Each century or generation is known as a "Tabaqah", the plural of which is "Tabaqat".

neg: Turtles Can Fly Turtles Can Fly (Persian: لاک پشت ها هم پرواز می کنند Lakposhthâ ham parvaz mikonand, Kurdish: "Kûsî Jî Dikarin Bifirin" Sorani Kurdish: کیسەڵەکان دەفڕن Turkish: "Kaplumbağalar Da Uçar") is a 2004 Kurdish war drama film written, produced, and directed by Bahman Ghobadi, with notable theme music composed by Hossein Alizadeh. It was the first film to be made in Iraq after the fall of Saddam Hussein.

neg: Umar Qaid Umar Qaid (English: Life Sentence) is a 1975 Bollywood Action film produced by V.K.Sobti on Gautam Pictures banner, directed by Sikandar Khanna. The film stars Sunil Dutt, Jeetendra, Vinod Mehra, Moushumi Chatterjee, Reena Roy in lead roles and music composed by Sonik-Omi.

neg: The Photo The Photo (Persian: عکس  ) is a 2001 Iranian drama film Written and directed by Hossein Shahabi(Persian: حسین شهابی)

neg: Maqam al-iraqi Iraqi Maqam (Arabic: المقام العراقي  ) is a genre of Arabic maqam music found in Iraq that is at least four-hundred years old. The ensemble of instruments used in this genre, called "Al-Chalghi al-Baghdadi", includes a "qari' " (singer), "santur", jawza, "tabla" or dunbug/dumbeg, and sometimes "riqq" and naqqarat. The focus is on the poem sung in classical Arabic or an Iraqi dialect (then called "zuhayri"). A complete maqam concert is known as "fasl" (plural "fusul") and is named after the first maqam: bayat, hijaz, rast, nawa, or husayni.

neg: Karma (1986 film) Karma (Hindi:कर्मा) is a 1986 Indian action film directed by Subhash Ghai and featuring an ensemble cast including Dilip Kumar, Nutan, Naseeruddin Shah, Jackie Shroff, Anil Kapoor, Poonam Dhillon, Sridevi and Anupam Kher. The film reunites Subhash Ghai and Dilip Kumar after the success of their last film together "Vidhaata" (1982). The film also marked the first time Dilip Kumar was paired with veteran actress Nutan. The film was a huge success at box office.

neg: Zoroastrian music Zoroastrian music is a genre of religious music that accompanies religious and traditional rites among the Zoroastrian people.


query: Under which number president did Arthur A. Ballantine become solicitor of the Internal Revenue Service?

pos: Arthur A. Ballantine Arthur A. Ballantine (1883–1960) was a 20th-century American lawyer, tax specialist, who became the first solicitor of the Internal Revenue Service and Undersecretary of the Treasury under U.S. President Herbert Hoover and later partner in what became the Dewey Ballantine law firm.

pos: Herbert Hoover Herbert Clark Hoover (August 10, 1874October 20, 1964) was an American engineer, businessman, and politician who served as the 31st President of the United States from 1929 to 1933 during the Great Depression. A Republican, as Secretary of Commerce in the 1920s he introduced Progressive Era themes of efficiency in the business community and provided government support for standardization, efficiency and international trade. As president from 1929 to 1933, his ambitious programs were overwhelmed by the Great Depression, which seemed to get worse every year despite the increasingly large-scale interventions he made in the economy. He was defeated in a landslide in 1932 by Democrat Franklin D. Roosevelt, and spent the rest of his life as a conservative denouncing big government, liberalism and federal intervention in economic affairs, as Democrats repeatedly used his Depression record to attack conservatism and justify more regulation of the economy.

neg: Arthur Sohmer Arthur J. Sohmer (February 16, 1926 – August 25, 1991) held a number of government offices, including serving as Chief of Staff to the Vice President of the United States when Spiro T. Agnew served as Vice President of the United States.

neg: Second inauguration of Ronald Reagan The second inauguration of Ronald Reagan as President of the United States was held privately on Sunday, January 20, 1985 in the Grand Foyer of the White House, and publicly the following day, January 21, 1985 at the United States Capitol in Washington, D.C. The inauguration marked the commencement of the second four-year term of Ronald Reagan as President and of George H. W. Bush as Vice President.

neg: 22nd United States Congress The Twenty-second United States Congress was a meeting of the legislative branch of the United States federal government, consisting of the United States Senate and the United States House of Representatives. It met in Washington, D.C. from March 4, 1831, to March 4, 1833, during the third and fourth years of Andrew Jackson's presidency. The apportionment of seats in the House of Representatives was based on the Fourth Census of the United States in 1820. Both chambers had a Jacksonian majority.

neg: Presidency of Benjamin Harrison The presidency of Benjamin Harrison began on March 4, 1889, when Benjamin Harrison was inaugurated as President of the United States, and ended on March 4, 1893. Harrison, a Republican, took office as the 23rd United States president after defeating Democratic incumbent President Grover Cleveland in the 1888 election. Four years later he was defeated for re-election by Cleveland in the 1892 presidential election. Harrison is the only president to be preceded and succeeded by the same individual. Harrison is also the only president to be the grandson of another president.

neg: Whitney North Seymour Whitney North Seymour (January 4, 1901 – May 21, 1983) was a prominent New York trial lawyer who served in the Hoover Administration and later served as the 84th president of the American Bar Association. Seymour served for many years as the managing partner of the law firm Simpson Thacher & Bartlett.

neg: Jewel Lafontant Jewel Stradford Lafontant-Mankarious (April 28, 1922 – May 31, 1997) was the first female deputy solicitor general of the United States, an official in the administration of President George H. W. Bush, and an attorney in Chicago. She also was considered by President Richard Nixon as a possible nominee to the Supreme Court of the United States.

neg: United States Travel Service The U.S. Travel Service was created by the United States Secretary of Commerce on July 1, 1961 pursuant to the International Travel Act of 1961 (75 Stat. 129; 22 U.S.C. 2121 note) after President John F. Kennedy signed Senate Bill 610 on June 29, 1961. It was created to address a deficit in tourism in the United States.

neg: Postal Service Act The Postal Service Act was a piece of United States federal legislation that established the United States Post Office Department. It was signed into law by President George Washington on February 20, 1792.

neg: List of executive actions by Bill Clinton Executive Orders numbered 12834–13197 signed by President Bill Clinton (1993–2001).

neg: Presidency of John Quincy Adams The presidency of John Quincy Adams began on March 4, 1825, when John Quincy Adams was inaugurated as President of the United States, and ended on March 4, 1829. Adams, the sixth United States president, took office following the 1824 presidential election, in which he and three other Democratic-Republicans—Henry Clay, William H. Crawford, and Andrew Jackson—sought the presidency. No candidate won a majority of Electoral College votes, and so the United States House of Representatives chose the president in a contingent election. With the help of Clay, Adams was elected by the House, and Clay became Adams's Secretary of State.

neg: Nell Arthur Ellen Lewis "Nell" Herndon Arthur (August 30, 1837 – January 12, 1880) was the wife of the 21st President of the United States, Chester A. Arthur. She died of pneumonia before her husband was elected vice-president in November 1880; he succeeded to the presidency in September 1881 when President James Garfield was assassinated.

neg: Inauguration of William Henry Harrison The inauguration of William Henry Harrison as the ninth President of the United States was held on Thursday, March 4, 1841, on the East Portico of the United States Capitol in Washington, D.C.. The inauguration marked the commencement of William Henry Harrison's only term as President and John Tyler's only term as Vice President. The presidential oath of office was administered to Harrison by Supreme Court Chief Justice Roger B. Taney. Harrison died days into this term, and Tyler succeeded to the presidency.

neg: Mary Arthur McElroy Mary Arthur McElroy (July 5, 1841 – January 8, 1917) was the sister of the 21st President of the United States, Chester A. Arthur, and served as a hostess for his administration (1881–1885). She assumed the role because Arthur's wife, Ellen Lewis Herndon Arthur, had died nearly two years earlier.

neg: Andrew Mellon Andrew William Mellon ( ; March 24, 1855 – August 26, 1937) was an American banker, businessman, industrialist, philanthropist, art collector, and politician. From the wealthy Mellon family of Pennsylvania, he established a vast business empire before transitioning into politics. He served as United States Secretary of the Treasury from March 9, 1921 to February 12, 1932, presiding over the boom years of the 1920s and the Wall Street crash of 1929. A conservative Republican, Mellon lowered taxes and government spending in the aftermath of World War I.

neg: Samuel F. Phillips Samuel Field Phillips (February 18, 1824 – November 18, 1903) was a civil rights pioneer, lawyer, politician, and the second U.S. Solicitor General (1872–1885). He took part in the landmark civil rights case, Plessy v. Ferguson.

neg: United States Postal Savings System The United States Postal Savings System was a postal savings system signed into law by President William Howard Taft and was operated by the United States Post Office Department, predecessor of the United States Postal Service, from January 1, 1911 until July 1, 1967. The system paid depositors 2 percent annual interest. Depositors in the system were initially limited to hold a balance of $500, but this was raised to $1,000 in 1916 and to $2,500 in 1918. At its peak in 1947, the system held almost $3.4 billion in deposits. The system originally had a natural advantage over deposit-taking private banks because the deposits were always backed by "the full faith and credit of the United States Government." However, because the Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation gave the same guarantee to depositors in private banks, the Postal Savings System lost its natural advantage in trust.

neg: Chief Clerk (United States Department of State) The Chief Clerk, between 1789 and 1853, was the second-ranking official within the United States Department of State, known as the Department of Foreign Affairs before September 5, 1789. Section 2 of the Act of Congress of July 27, 1789 (1 Stat. 28) establishing a Department of Foreign Affairs, authorized the Secretary to appoint a Chief Clerk, who would have custody of the Department's records whenever the office of the Secretary should be vacant. From 1789 to 1853, when Congress created the position of Assistant Secretary of State, the Chief Clerk was the second-ranking officer of the Department of State, and was responsible for supervision of Department personnel, distribution of correspondence, and day-to-day operations.

neg: Immigration Act of 1882 The Immigration Act of 1882 was a United States federal law signed by President Chester A. Arthur on August 3, 1882. It imposed a head tax on noncitizens of the United States who came to American ports and restricted certain classes of people from immigrating to America, including criminals, the insane, or "any person unable to take care of him or herself." The act created what is recognized as the first federal immigration bureaucracy and laid the foundation for more regulations on immigration, such as the Immigration Act of 1891.

neg: Walter Sherman Gifford Walter Sherman Gifford (January 10, 1885 – May 7, 1966) was best known as the president of the AT&T Corporation from 1925 to 1948, after which he served as United States Ambassador to the United Kingdom from 1950 to 1953.

neg: Second inauguration of Calvin Coolidge The second inauguration of Calvin Coolidge as President of the United States, was held on Wednesday, March 4, 1925 at the eastern portico of the United States Capitol in Washington, D.C.. The inauguration marked the commencement of the second (only full) term of Calvin Coolidge as President and the only term of Charles G. Dawes as Vice President. The Chief Justice, former president William Howard Taft administered the presidential oath of office. This was the first inauguration in which a former U.S. President administered the oath, and the first to be broadcast nationally on radio.


query: Who was teacher of the composer of Faschingsschwank aus Wien?

pos: Faschingsschwank aus Wien Faschingsschwank aus Wien ("Carnival Scenes from Vienna" or "Carnival Jest from Vienna"), Op. 26, is a solo piano work by Robert Schumann. He began composition of the work in 1839 in Vienna. He wrote the first four movements in Vienna, and the last on his return to Leipzig.

pos: Robert Schumann Robert Schumann (8 June 181029 July 1856) was a German composer and influential music critic. He is widely regarded as one of the greatest composers of the Romantic era. Schumann left the study of law, intending to pursue a career as a virtuoso pianist. He had been assured by his teacher Friedrich Wieck that he could become the finest pianist in Europe, but a hand injury ended this dream. Schumann then focused his musical energies on composing.

neg: Karl Klindworth Karl Klindworth (25 September 183027 July 1916) was a German composer, virtuoso pianist, conductor, violinist and music publisher. He was one of Franz Liszt's pupils and later one of his closest disciples and friends, being also on friendly terms with composer Richard Wagner, of whom he was an admirer.

neg: Joseph Graetz Joseph Graetz (2 December 1760 - 17 July 1826) was a German composer, organist, and music educator. In 1790 two of his stage works premiered: the operetta "Das Gespenst mit der Trommel" and the opera "Adelheid von Veltheim". His notable students included Kaspar Ett, Peter Josef von Lindpaintner, and Eduard Rottmanner.

neg: Richard Stöhr Richard Stöhr (11 June 1874 – 11 December 1967) was an Austrian composer, music author and teacher.

neg: Friedrich Cerha Friedrich Cerha (born 17 February 1926) is an Austrian composer and conductor.

neg: Joachim Raff Joseph Joachim Raff (27 May 182224 or 25 June 1882) was a German-Swiss composer, teacher and pianist.

neg: Ferdinand Pelzer Ferdinand Pelzer (1801–1860) was a German music teacher, guitarist and composer.

neg: Ferenc Kersch Ferenc Kersch (Bácsalmás, 1853 – Esztergom, 1910) was a Hungarian composer. He was a student of Liszt and teacher of Artúr Harmat.

neg: Emil Kreuz Emil Anton Joseph Friedrich Kreuz, also known as Emil Frederick Thornfield, (25 May 1867 in Elberfeld – 3 December 1932 in London) was a German violinist, violist, teacher, conductor and composer.

neg: Anton Profes Anton Profes (1896–1976) was an Austrian composer.

neg: Marianne Gary-Schaffhauser Marianne Gary-Schaffhauser (19 July 1903 – 3 November 1992) was an Austrian composer. She was born in Vienna and studied voice and piano at the Vienna Academy, and composition with Alfred Uhl. Later she studied at Vienna University and graduated with a PhD. After completing her studies, she taught as a professor of German and history, but retired in 1948 to work as a composer.

neg: Johann Baptist Wendling Johann Baptist Wendling (baptised 17 June 1723 – 27 November 1797) was a flute player and composer of the Mannheim School. He held the position of principal flute in the Mannheim and Munich court orchestras under directors Johann Stamitz and Christian Cannabich, and was acknowledged as one of the finest virtuosos of his time.

neg: Othmar Steinbauer Othmar Steinbauer (6 November 1895 - 5 September 1962) was an Austrian composer and music theorist. He progressed developments in twelve-tone composition (""Klangreihenmusik""). His own teachers included Joseph Marx, Anton von Webern, Arnold Schönberg and Josef Matthias Hauer.

neg: Johann Friedrich Fasch Johann Friedrich Fasch (15 April 1688 – 5 December 1758) was a German violinist and composer.

neg: Hans Sitt Jan Hanuš Sitt, known as Hans Sitt, (21 September 1850, Prague – 10 March 1922, Leipzig), was a Bohemian violinist, violist, teacher, and composer. During his lifetime, he was regarded as one of the foremost teachers of violin. Most of the orchestras and conservatories of Europe and North America then sported personnel who numbered among his students.

neg: Adolphe Gutmann Adolphe Gutmann (originally Wilhelm Adolf Gutmann) (12 January 1819 – 22 October 1882) was a German pianist and composer who was a pupil and friend of Frédéric Chopin.

neg: Klaus Lang Klaus Lang (born 26 April 1971 in Graz) is an Austrian composer, concert organist, improviser, and academic teacher.

neg: Louis Köhler Christian Louis Heinrich Köhler (5 September 1820 – 16 February 1886) was a German composer, conductor and piano teacher.

neg: Robert Fischhof Robert Fischhof (October 31, 1856 – March 31, 1918) was an Austrian pianist, composer, and professor at the Vienna Music Conservatoire.

neg: Hans Kann Hans Kann (born February 14, 1927 in Vienna; died June 24, 2005) was an Austrian pianist and composer. He taught music in his native Austria and in Japanese schools such as the Tokyo National University of Fine Arts and Music.

neg: Karl Michael Ziehrer Karl Michael Ziehrer (also spelled as Carl Michael Ziehrer) (2 May 1843 – 14 November 1922) was an Austrian composer. In his lifetime, he was one of the fiercest rivals of the Strauss family; most notably Johann Strauss II and Eduard Strauss.


query: Which film was created first, Around the World in 80 Days or The Adventures of Ichabod and Mr. Toad?

pos: Around the World in 80 Days (2004 film) Around the World in 80 Days is a 2004 American action-adventure comedy family film based on Jules Verne's novel of the same name. It stars Jackie Chan, Steve Coogan and Cécile de France. The film is set in 19th-century Britain and centers on Phileas Fogg (Steve Coogan), here reimagined as an eccentric inventor, and his efforts to circumnavigate the globe in 80 days. During the trip, he is accompanied by his Chinese valet, Passepartout (Jackie Chan). For comedic reasons, the film intentionally deviated wildly from the novel and included a number of anachronistic elements. With production costs of about $110 million and estimated marketing costs of $30 million, it earned $24 million at the U.S. box office and $72 million worldwide, making it a box office flop. It was Arnold Schwarzenegger's last film before he took a hiatus from acting to become Governor of California until 2010's "The Expendables".

pos: The Adventures of Ichabod and Mr. Toad The Adventures of Ichabod and Mr. Toad is a 1949 animated package film produced by Walt Disney Productions and released by RKO Radio Pictures. The film consists of two segments – the first is based on the 1908 children's novel "The Wind in the Willows" by Scottish author Kenneth Grahame, and the second is based on the 1820 short story "The Legend of Sleepy Hollow," called "Ichabod Crane" in the film, by American author Washington Irving.

neg: Winnie the Pooh Discovers the Seasons Winnie the Pooh Discovers the Seasons is a short film made by Walt Disney Productions' educational media division, released on September 6, 1981.

neg: Fatty Finn (film) Fatty Finn is a 1980 Australian film, directed by Maurice Murphy and starring Ben Oxenbould with Rebecca Rigg. It is based on the 1930s cartoon-strip character, "Fatty Finn", created by Syd Nicholls and is loosely based on the 1927 silent film, "The Kid Stakes".

neg: Oktapodi Oktapodi is a 2007 French computer-animated short film that originated as a Graduate Student Project from Gobelins L'Ecole de L'Image. The film is about a pair of love struck octopuses who through a series of comical events are separated and find each other. "Oktapodi" was directed by Julien Bocabeille, François-Xavier Chanioux, Olivier Delabarre, Thierry Marchand, Quentin Marmier, and Emud Mokhberi. Music was composed by Kenny Wood.

neg: Closet Cases of the Nerd Kind Closet Cases of the Nerd Kind (1980) is an award-winning short film spoof of the classic science fiction film "Close Encounters of the Third Kind". The film was written and produced by Rick Harper and Bob Rogers.

neg: Tinker Bell and the Lost Treasure Tinker Bell and the Lost Treasure is a 2009 computer-animated comedy adventure film and the second installment in the "Disney Fairies" franchise. Produced by DisneyToon Studios, it was animated by Prana Studios. It is a sequel to the 2008 film, "Tinker Bell", and revolves around Tinker Bell, a fairy character created by J. M. Barrie in his play "Peter Pan, or The Boy Who Wouldn't Grow Up", and featured in subsequent adaptations, especially in Disney's animated works. It was released on Blu-ray and DVD by Walt Disney Studios Home Entertainment on October 27, 2009.

neg: Charlie the Unicorn "Charlie the Unicorn" is a 2005 Flash animated comedy short film and viral video created by Jason Steele of independent film company FilmCow in Orlando, Florida. The short follows Charlie, a lethargic unicorn, who is taken by two other unicorns on an adventure to the mythical "Candy Mountain." However, as it turns out, the journey is a farce, and Charlie gets hoodwinked by the other two unicorns.

neg: Gertie the Dinosaur Gertie the Dinosaur is a 1914 animated short film by American cartoonist and animator Winsor McCay. It is the earliest animated film to feature a dinosaur. McCay first used the film before live audiences as an interactive part of his vaudeville act; the frisky, childlike Gertie did tricks at the command of her master. McCay's employer William Randolph Hearst later curtailed McCay's vaudeville activities, so McCay added a live-action introductory sequence to the film for its theatrical release. McCay abandoned a sequel, "Gertie on Tour" (  1921 ), after producing about a minute of footage.

neg: Wonderful Days (film) Wonderful Days (also known as Sky Blue) is a South Korean animated science fiction film, released in 2003, written and directed by Kim Moon-saeng. It features backdrops rendered using photo-realistic computer-generated imagery, comparable to those in the film "", along with the use of highly detailed models for some of the backdrops into which the cel animated characters were then animated. However, convincing CGI animation of humans (especially human movement) was not attempted. The backgrounds in the film were shot with traditional motion control techniques, then processed to look like CG. The vehicles were all rendered, and the characters were cel animated.

neg: Benji Benji is a fictional character created by Joe Camp. He has been the focus of several movies from 1974 through the 2000s. It is also the title of the first film in the "Benji" franchise.

neg: At the End of the Rainbow At the End of the Rainbow (also known as The Princess and the Magic Frog) is a 1965 American children's fantasy adventure film, originally released by . Written by , and produced and directed by , the film stars David Bailey as a boy who finds himself lost in an enchanted forest, encountering an assortment of fanciful characters and navigating a series of fantastical (mis)adventures as he attempts to find his way home. Originally released as a weekend "kiddie matinee" feature, the film was rediscovered and re-released on DVD in 2004 by Something Weird Video, and has subsequently gained something of a cult following for its low budget production values, as well as for the unintentionally camp performances by the adult character actors.

neg: The Wuzzles The Wuzzles is an animated television series created for Saturday morning television, and was first broadcast on September 14, 1985 on CBS. An idea of Michael Eisner for his new Disney television animation studio, the premise is that the main characters are hybrids of two different animals. The original thirteen episodes ran on CBS for their first run.

neg: RoboDz Kazagumo Hen RoboDz Kazagumo Hen (ロボディーズ -RoboDz- 風雲篇 , Robodīzu -RoboDz- Kazagumo Hen ) is a computer second animated Japanese series of co-produced by between The Walt Disney Company and Toei Animation. It began airing on Japan's Toon Disney on June 21, 2008. The episodes are animated in 3D. The show premiered in the United States on June 29, 2009 on Disney XD (formerly Toon Disney/Jetix) as simply "RoboDz" and airing on Disney Channel Asia. It is the first anime to be co-produced by Disney and Walt Disney Animation (Japan), Inc.. Jeff Nimoy announced at The Anime Lodge that he would be writing and directing the English adaptation. It is a shortform series with each episode lasting approximately 5 minutes.

neg: Toot, Whistle, Plunk and Boom Toot, Whistle, Plunk and Boom is an educational "Adventures in Music" animated short film produced by Walt Disney Productions, and originally released to theaters by Buena Vista Distribution on November 10, 1953. A sequel to the first "Adventures in Music" cartoon, the 3-D short "Melody", Toot, Whistle, Plunk and Boom is a stylized presentation of the evolution of the four orchestra sections over the ages with: the brass ("toot"), the woodwind ("whistle"), the strings ("plunk"), and the percussion ("boom").

neg: Cantinflas Mario Fortino Alfonso Moreno Reyes, known casually as Mario Moreno, and known professionally as Cantinflas (August 12, 1911 – April 20, 1993), was a Mexican comic film actor, producer, and screenwriter and an iconic figure in Mexico and Latin America. He often portrayed impoverished "campesinos" or a peasant of "pelado" origin. The character came to be associated with the national identity of Mexico, and allowed Cantinflas to establish a long, successful film career that included a foray into Hollywood. Charlie Chaplin once commented that he was the best comedian alive, and Moreno has been referred to as the "Charlie Chaplin of Mexico". To audiences in the United States, he is best remembered as co-starring with David Niven in the Academy Award winner for Best Picture film "Around the World in 80 Days", for which Moreno won a Golden Globe Award for Best Actor – Motion Picture Musical or Comedy.

neg: Mickey Mouse Mickey Mouse is a funny animal cartoon character and the official mascot of The Walt Disney Company. He was created by Walt Disney and Ub Iwerks at the Walt Disney Studios in 1928. An anthropomorphic mouse who typically wears red shorts, large yellow shoes, and white gloves, Mickey has become one of the world's most recognizable characters.

neg: The Haunted World of El Superbeasto The Haunted World of El Superbeasto is a 2009 American adult animated exploitation musical black comedy horror film directed, co-written and co-produced by Rob Zombie. The film was written by Zombie and Tom Papa from Zombie's comic book series of the same name. The film was produced by Starz Media and Film Roman, with animation provided by Carbunkle Cartoons and Big Star Productions.

neg: Around the World in 80 Days (Alton Towers) Around the World in 80 Days was an attraction in the Talbot Street (now Cloud Cuckoo land) area of Alton Towers theme park, Staffordshire, England. The attraction opened in 1981, one year after the park first opened. It was the first dark ride at Alton Towers, one of the largest in the UK at the time, and was produced by Keith Sparks for the park's owner John Broome.

neg: Pinocchio (soundtrack) Pinocchio is the soundtrack to the 1940 Walt Disney film of the same name, first released on February 9, 1940. The album was described as being "recorded from the original soundtrack of the Walt Disney Production "Pinocchio"". According to Walt Disney Records, "this is the first time the phrase 'original soundtrack' was used to refer to a commercially available movie recording".

neg: Abby in Wonderland Abby in Wonderland is a "Sesame Street" direct-to-DVD film that adapts Lewis Carroll's "Alice in Wonderland" with the Muppets of "Sesame Street". Abby Cadabby stars in the "Alice" role.

neg: Very Blue Beard Very Blue Beard (Russian: Очень синяя борода , "Ochen sinjaja boroda") is a 1979 Soviet musical comedy animated film loosely based on the "Bluebeard" fairy tale by Charles Perrault. Directed by Vladimir Samsonov, screenplay by Arkady Arkanov. Cinematography by Vladimir Milovanov. Original music score by Gennady Gladkov. Lyrics by Yuliy Kim. Released by T/O Ekran


query: What record company released the third album by the woman, who was featured as a topless model for "The Sun" in 1983?

pos: I Wanna Have Some Fun I Wanna Have Some Fun is the third album by Samantha Fox, released in November 1988 by Jive Records. The album is a funky mixture of dance pop, R&B and bubblegum.

pos: Samantha Fox Samantha Karen Fox (born 15 April 1966) is an English singer, songwriter, actress and former glamour model. In 1983, at age 16, she began appearing as a topless model on Page 3 of British tabloid newspaper "The Sun", and continued as a Page 3 girl until 1986. During this time, she became the most popular pin-up girl of her era, as well as one of the most photographed British women of the 1980s.

neg: Lucky Star (Madonna song) "Lucky Star" is a song written and recorded by American singer Madonna for her eponymous debut studio album (1983). It was released as the fourth single from the album on September 8, 1983 by Sire Records. "Lucky Star" was produced by Reggie Lucas. However, during recording, Madonna was not impressed by Lucas' version. She called her then-boyfriend John "Jellybean" Benitez to remix the track according to her ideas. "Lucky Star" is a medium-paced dance track and combines the heavy beats of a drum with the sounds of a guitar played in a high riff. The lyrics juxtapose the male body with the heavenly stars in the sky.

neg: Mushi (album) Mushi is the third album by Japanese hardcore punk group The Stalin. It was released on April 25, 1983.

neg: Decídete Decídete is the third album released by Mexican singer Luis Miguel Gallego Basteri. It was released in 1983.

neg: Always the Sun "Always the Sun" is a song by English rock band The Stranglers, first released as a single on 6 October 1986, the second single from the album "Dreamtime". A remixed version was released as a single on 24 December 1990. Both versions were top thirty hits in the United Kingdom. "Always the Sun" was released in October 1986 in four different formats: a seven-inch single, shaped seven inch picture disc, twelve inch single, and as a double seven inch single pack.

neg: Privilege (Ivor Cutler album) Privilege is an album by Ivor Cutler, originally released in 1983 on Rough Trade Records. It was produced by David Toop and Steve Beresford, both of whom are better known for their work in improvisational music and, unlike Cutler's 1970s recordings, it sees Cutler's vocals accompanied by a wide range of musical instruments including keyboards, banjo, euphonium and alto flute. The LP is co-credited to Linda Hirst, who recites a number of poems and provides backing vocals on some of the tracks. The closing track, "Women of the World", was released as a single and became a minor hit on the UK Indie Chart. It has since been covered by Jim O'Rourke, on his 1999 album "Eureka", and YACHT, on their 2007 album "I Believe In You. Your Magic Is Real."

neg: Control (Janet Jackson album) Control is the third studio album by American recording artist Janet Jackson, released on February 4, 1986, by A&M Records. Her collaborations with the songwriters and record producers Jimmy Jam and Terry Lewis resulted in an unconventional sound: a fusion of rhythm and blues, rap vocals, funk, disco and synthesized percussion that established Jackson, Jam and Lewis as the leading innovators of contemporary R&B. The album became Jackson's commercial breakthrough and enabled her to transition into the popular music market, with "Control" becoming one of the foremost albums of the 1980s and contemporary music.

neg: Tang Jiali Tang Jiali (; born July 13, 1976 in Hefei, Anhui) is a Chinese dancer and model who became a celebrity and household name in the China in 2003 by being the first woman to sell books of nude artistic photographs of herself since the lifting of many of the previous restrictions on distribution and sale of such photographs.

neg: Back Again! (Milira album) Back Again!!! is the second studio album by American singer Milira, released in 1992 under "Motown Records". It peaked to number 81 on the "Billboard" Top R&B Albums chart and features the singles, "Three's a Crowd", and "One Man Woman".

neg: I Paralyze I Paralyze is the seventeenth studio album by American singer-actress Cher, released on May 28, 1982 by Columbia Records. This album was a commercial failure and failed to chart. Following the record's release, Cher took a five-year hiatus from music to focus on a film career until 1987, when she released the Platinum-certified album "Cher".

neg: For One to Love For One to Love, is a studio album by American jazz singer Cécile McLorin Salvant. It is the singer's third album and the follow up to her debut album, "WomanChild" (2013).

neg: 1983 ... Summer Breaks 1983 ... Summer Breaks was a various artists "hits" collection album released in Australia in 1983 on EMI (Catalogue No. GIVE 2009). The album spent 3 weeks at the top of the Australian album charts in 1983.

neg: Sunburst and Snowblind Sunburst and Snowblind is the third EP by Scottish alternative rock band Cocteau Twins. It was released on 7 November 1983 by 4AD. The EP features "Sugar Hiccup", from the album "Head over Heels", as well as three other tracks.

neg: Side 3 (Raspberries album) Side 3 is the third album from the Raspberries, released in 1973 (see 1973 in music). The album cover is cleverly shaped like a basket of Raspberries, with the group's name placed on top of the LP sleeve. Three singles were released from the album: "Tonight", which reached number 69 on the US "Billboard" Hot 100 and number 37 on the "Cash Box" chart; "I'm a Rocker", which reached number 94 on "Billboard" and number 75 on "Cash Box"; and a third single, "Ecstasy", which did not chart on "Billboard" but reached number 116 on "Cash Box". The album itself reached number 138 on the US albums chart.

neg: Bombs Away Dream Babies Bombs Away Dream Babies is an album by John Stewart that was released by RSO Records in 1979. The album peaked at No. 10 on the "Billboard" album chart and yielded three Top 40 singles: "Gold" (No. 5), "Midnight Wind", and "Lost Her in the Sun". This was the bestselling album of Stewart's career.

neg: True (Spandau Ballet album) True is the third studio album by British band Spandau Ballet. It was released in March 1983 on Chrysalis Records. While Spandau Ballet's first two albums earned them European popularity, "True" made them worldwide stars and was heavily influenced by jazz, soul and R&B. It reached number 1 on the UK Albums Chart, the Top 20 on the US "Billboard" 200, and charted in numerous other countries around the world. The title track spent four weeks at number 1 in the UK Singles Chart and went to number 4 on the US "Billboard" Hot 100. It was also Spandau Ballet's first album to be recorded outside of London (at Compass Point Studios in the Bahamas).

neg: Fathoms Deep Fathoms Deep is the third album by English singer Linda Lewis, released in 1973.

neg: Designer Music Designer Music is the third album by American disco act Lipps, Inc., and the last featuring Cynthia Johnson on lead vocals. It was released in 1981 on Casablanca Records.

neg: Half the World (Belinda Carlisle song) "Half the World" is the third single from Belinda Carlisle's "Live Your Life Be Free" album, released in December 1991.

neg: When I See You "When I See You" is a song by American singer and songwriter Macy Gray, released as the only single from her third studio album, "The Trouble with Being Myself" (2003).

neg: Eternamente Bella Eternamente Bella ("Eternally beautiful") is the third album by Mexican iconic Rock singer Alejandra Guzmán. It was released in 1990.


query: Satori in Paris, released in which year, is a novella by American novelist and poet Jack Kerouac, was an American novelist and poet?

pos: Satori in Paris Satori in Paris is a 1966 novella by American novelist and poet Jack Kerouac. It is a short, autobiographical tale of Kerouac's trip to Paris, then Brittany, to research his genealogy. Kerouac relates his trip in a tumbledown fashion as a lonesome traveler. Little is said about the research that he does, and much more about his interactions with the French people he meets. Although Kerouac was fluent in a form of Quebec French called Joual, Kerouac's French would not only have seemed heavily accented, but would also have contained hundreds of odd words that would mark him as a foreigner to the French.

pos: Jack Kerouac Jack Kerouac ( or , born Jean-Louis Kérouac (though he called himself Jean-Louis Lebris de Kérouac); March 12, 1922 – October 21, 1969) was an American novelist and poet.

neg: Camille Mauclair Séverin Faust (December 29, 1872, Paris – April 23, 1945), better known by his pseudonym Camille Mauclair, was a French poet, novelist, biographer, travel writer, and art critic.

neg: Jack Micheline Jack Micheline (November 6, 1929 – February 27, 1998), born Harold Martin Silver, was an American painter and poet from the San Francisco Bay Area. His name is synonymous with street artists, underground writers, and "outlaw" poets. One of San Francisco's original Beat poets, he was an innovative artist who was active in the San Francisco Poetry Renaissance of the 1950s and 1960s.

neg: Gertrude Stein Gertrude Stein (February 3, 1874 – July 27, 1946) was an American novelist, poet, playwright, and art collector. Born in the Allegheny West neighborhood of Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, and raised in Oakland, California, Stein moved to Paris in 1903, and made France her home for the remainder of her life. She hosted a Paris salon, where the leading figures of modernism in literature and art, such as Pablo Picasso, Ernest Hemingway, F. Scott Fitzgerald, Sinclair Lewis, Ezra Pound, and Henri Matisse, would meet.

neg: Raymond P. Holden Raymond Peckham Holden (April 7, 1894, New York City - June 26, 1972, North Newport, NH) was a noted novelist, poet and publisher.

neg: Paul Theroux Paul Edward Theroux (born April 10, 1941) is an American travel writer and novelist, whose best-known work is "The Great Railway Bazaar" (1975). He has published numerous works of fiction, some of which were adapted as feature films. He was awarded the 1981 James Tait Black Memorial Prize for his novel "The Mosquito Coast," which was adapted for the 1986 movie of the same name.

neg: Paul Russell (novelist) Paul Russell is an American novelist, poet and short story writer. He is a two-time winner of the Ferro-Grumley Award for LGBT fiction, in 2000 for "The Coming Storm" and in 2012 for "The Unreal Life of Sergey Nabokov". "The Unreal Life of Sergey Nabokov" is a fictionalized portrayal of a real person, the gay younger brother of Russian novelist Vladimir Nabokov, about whom very little concrete biographical information is known.

neg: Jane Joritz-Nakagawa Jane Joritz-Nakagawa (中川ジェーン ) , born in 1960, is an avant-garde, expatriate American poet and essayist who resides in Japan. She is the author of numerous volumes of poetry, poetry chapbooks, and a poetry broadside. Hundreds of her poems appear in print and online journals and anthologies published in Japan, the United States, United Kingdom, Canada and Australia. Her work is archived in the University of Chicago library's special collection of poetry from Japan.

neg: Dans le ciel Dans le ciel (In the Sky) is a novel written by the French journalist, novelist and playwright Octave Mirbeau. First published in serialized installments in "L'Écho de Paris" between September 1892 and May 1893, "Dans le ciel", assembled and edited by Pierre Michel and Jean-François Nivet, first appeared its present form in 1989.

neg: The Paris Review The Paris Review is a quarterly English language literary magazine established in Paris in 1953 by Harold L. Humes, Peter Matthiessen, and George Plimpton. In its first five years, "The Paris Review" published works by Jack Kerouac, Philip Larkin, V. S. Naipaul, Philip Roth, Terry Southern, Adrienne Rich, Italo Calvino, Samuel Beckett, Nadine Gordimer, Jean Genet, and Robert Bly.

neg: Jack Ritchie John George Reitci (February 26, 1922 – April 25, 1983) was an American writer of detective fiction who wrote under the name Jack Ritchie. Although he wrote one novel, he was primarily known for his vast output of short stories.

neg: Philip Roth Philip Milton Roth (born March 19, 1933) is an American novelist.

neg: Corinne Jacker Corinne Jacker (June 29, 1933 – January 11, 2013; born Corinne Muriel Litvin) was an Award winning American playwright and screenwriter.

neg: James Reiss James Reiss (July 11, 1941 – December 2, 2016) was an American poet and novelist.

neg: John Cheever John William Cheever (May 27, 1912 – June 18, 1982) was an American novelist and short story writer. He is sometimes called "the Chekhov of the suburbs". His fiction is mostly set in the Upper East Side of Manhattan, the Westchester suburbs, old New England villages based on various South Shore towns around Quincy, Massachusetts, where he was born, and Italy, especially Rome. He is "now recognized as one of the most important short fiction writers of the 20th century." While Cheever is perhaps best remembered for his short stories (including "The Enormous Radio", "Goodbye, My Brother", "The Five-Forty-Eight", "The Country Husband", and "The Swimmer"), he also wrote four novels, comprising "The Wapshot Chronicle" (National Book Award, 1958),

neg: The Poet (novel) The Poet is the fifth novel by award-winning American author Michael Connelly. Published in 1996, it is the first of Connelly's novels not to feature Detective Harry Bosch and first to feature Crime Reporter Jack McEvoy. A sequel, "The Narrows", was published in 2004. "The Poet" won the 1997 Dilys Award.

neg: Marguerite Yourcenar Marguerite Yourcenar (] ; 8 June 1903 – 17 December 1987) was a French novelist and essayist born in Brussels, Belgium, who became a US citizen in 1947. Winner of the "Prix Femina" and the Erasmus Prize, she was the first woman elected to the Académie française, in 1980, and the seventeenth person to occupy seat 3.

neg: Quan Barry Amy Quan Barry (born Saigon) is an American poet and novelist.

neg: Maurice Thompson James Maurice Thompson (September 9, 1844 – February 15, 1901) was an American novelist, poet, essayist and naturalist.

neg: The Scripture of the Golden Eternity The Scripture of the Golden Eternity is a book of 66 prose poems written by American novelist and poet Jack Kerouac, first published in 1960 by Corinth Books, New York City. The book is Kerouac’s sutra on Buddhist philosophy, in which he describes a "Golden Eternity" that is paradoxically everything and nothing.

neg: Ursula K. Le Guin Ursula Kroeber Le Guin ( ; born October 21, 1929) is an American author of novels, children's books, and short stories, mainly in the genres of fantasy and science fiction. She has also written poetry and essays. First published in the 1960s, her work has often depicted futuristic or imaginary alternative worlds in politics, the natural environment, gender, religion, sexuality and ethnography. In 2016, "The New York Times" described her as "America's greatest living science fiction writer", although she has said she would prefer to be known as an "American novelist".


query: Are Clerodendrum and Bergenia from the same family?

pos: Clerodendrum Clerodendrum is a genus of flowering plants in the family Lamiaceae. Its common names include glorybower, bagflower and bleeding-heart. It is currently classified in the subfamily Ajugoideae, being one of several genera transferred from Verbenaceae to Lamiaceae in the 1990s, based on phylogenetic analysis of morphological and molecular data.

pos: Bergenia Bergenia (elephant-eared saxifrage, elephant's ears) is a genus of ten species of flowering plants in the family Saxifragaceae, native to central Asia, from Afghanistan to China and the Himalayan region.

neg: Dichotomosiphonaceae In taxonomy, the Dichotomosiphonaceae are a family of green algae, specifically of the Bryopsidales.

neg: Sedenia Sedenia is a genus of moths of the Crambidae family.

neg: Clusiaceae The Clusiaceae or Guttiferae ("nom. alt. et cons." = alternative and valid name) are a family of plants including 13 genera and ca 750 species. Several former members of Clusiacae are now placed in Calophyllaceae and Hypericaceae. They are mostly trees and shrubs, with milky sap and fruits or capsules for seeds. The family is primarily tropical. More so than many plant families, it shows large variation in plant morphology (for example, three to 10, fused or unfused petals, and many other traits). According to the APG III, this family belongs to the order Malpighiales.

neg: Lindernia The genus Lindernia is a group of plants in the Linderniaceae family. They are native to warm regions in both the Eastern and Western Hemisphere.

neg: Mukdenia Mukdenia is a genus of plants in the saxifrage family, Saxifragaceae, consisting of 2 species. They are native to woodland areas of east Asia and Japan.

neg: Closterotomus Closterotomus is a genus of "plant bugs" belonging to the family Miridae, subfamily Mirinae.

neg: Compteromesa Compteromesa is a genus of midges in the non-biting midge family (Chironomidae).

neg: Ania (plant) Ania is a genus of flowering plants from the orchid family Orchidaceae.

neg: Grimmiaceae Grimmiaceae is a family of mosses in the order Grimmiales.

neg: Coriandrum Coriandrum is a genus of herbs in the Apiaceae family containing the cultivated species "Coriandrum sativum" (coriander) and the wild species "Coriandrum tordylium". The leaves and seeds of "Coriandrum sativum" are used in cooking. The leaves are often referred to as cilantro in North America.

neg: Bergen, North Dakota Bergen is a city in McHenry County, North Dakota, United States. The population was just 7 at the 2010 Census. It is part of the Minot Micropolitan Statistical Area. Bergen was founded in 1905 and named after Bergen, Norway.

neg: Bergen, Saxony Bergen is a municipality in the Vogtlandkreis district, in Saxony, Germany.

neg: Clypeola (plant) Clypeola is a plant genus in the family Brassicaceae.

neg: Clavaria Clavaria is a genus of fungi in the family Clavariaceae. Species of "Clavaria" produce basidiocarps (fruit bodies) that are either cylindrical to club-shaped or branched and coral-like. They are often grouped with similar-looking species from other genera, when they are collectively known as the clavarioid fungi. All "Clavaria" species are terrestrial and most (if not all) are believed to be saprotrophic (decomposing dead plant material). In Europe, they are typical of old, mossy, unimproved grassland. In North America and elsewhere, they are more commonly found in woodlands.

neg: Cardiospermum Cardiospermum is a genus of approximately 14 species in the soapberry family, Sapindaceae, which are native to the American, Indian, and African tropics. The genus name is derived from the Greek words καρδία, meaning "heart," and σπέρμα, meaning "seed." Common names of the members of this genus include Balloon Vine, Love in a Puff, Heartseed, and Heartseed Vine. These plants are classified as invasive species in parts of the Southern United States and South Africa.

neg: Pterotrigonia Pterorigonia is an extinct genus of saltwater clams, marine bivalve molluscs in the family Megatrigoniidae. This genus is known in the fossil record from the Jurassic period Tithonian age to the Cretaceous period Maastrichtian age. Species in this genus were facultatively mobile infaunal suspension feeders. The type species of the genus is "Pterotrigonia cristata".

neg: Noelaerhabdaceae Noelaerhabdaceae is a family of coccolithophorids. Some genera include: "Emiliania" W.W.Hay & H.P.Mohler, "Gephyrocapsa" Kamptner, and "Reticulofenestra" W.W.Hay, Mohler & M.Wade.

neg: Tulbaghieae Tulbaghieae is a tribe of plants belonging to the subfamily Allioideae of the Amaryllis family (Amaryllidaceae). It comprises two genera, "Tulbaghia" and "Prototulbaghia", native to South Africa.

neg: Brodiaea Brodiaea , also known by the common name cluster-lilies, is a monocot genus of flowering plants in the family, in the Asparagales order.

neg: Mozartia Mozartia is a genus of flowering plants in the family Myrtaceae.


query: What German Field Marshal coined the name 1st Battle of Khaskov in Worl War 2?

pos: First Battle of Kharkov The 1st Battle of Kharkov, so named by Wilhelm Keitel, was the 1941 tactical battle for the city of Kharkov (now "Kharkiv") (Ukrainian SSR) during the final phase of Operation "Barbarossa" between the German 6th Army of Army Group South and the Soviet Southwestern Front. The Soviet 38th Army was ordered to defend the city while its factories were dismantled for relocation farther east.

pos: Wilhelm Keitel Wilhelm Keitel (22 September 1882 – 16 October 1946) was a German field marshal who served as Chief of the Armed Forces High Command ("Oberkommando der Wehrmacht" or OKW) in Nazi Germany during World War II. According to David Stahel, Keitel was "well known and [...] reviled as Hitler's dependable mouthpiece and habitual yes-man" among his military colleagues.

neg: 1st Shock Army The 1st Shock Army (Russian: 1-я ударная армия ) was a field army established by the Soviet Union's Red Army during World War II.

neg: Battle of the Dukla Pass The Battle of the Dukla Pass, also known as the Dukla / Carpatho-Dukla / Rzeszów-Dukla / Dukla-Prešov Offensive was the scene of bitterly contested battle for the Dukla Pass (borderland between Poland and Slovakia) on the Eastern Front of World War II between Nazi Germany and the Soviet Union in September–October 1944. It was part of the Soviet East Carpathian Strategic Offensive that also included the Carpathian-Uzhgorod Offensive. The operation's primary goal to provide support for the Slovaks was not achieved, though it concluded the full liberation of the Ukraine in its modern borders by the occupation of the Subcarpathian region as a territory of the former Carpatho-Ukraine.

neg: Konstantin Rokossovsky Konstantin Konstantinovich (Xaverevich) Rokossovsky (December 21 1896 – August 3, 1968) was a Soviet officer of Polish origin who became Marshal of the Soviet Union, Marshal of Poland and served as Poland's Defence Minister. He was among the most prominent Red Army commanders of World War II, especially renowned for his planning and executing of Operation Bagration, one of the most decisive Red Army successes of the Second World War.

neg: Mikhail Minin Mikhail Petrovich Minin (Russian: Михаил Петрович Минин ) (July 29, 1922 – January 10, 2008) was a Russian Soviet soldier who was the first to enter the Reichstag building on April 30, 1945 during the Battle of Berlin, and the first soldier to mount the flag on the Reichstag building at 10:40 pm.

neg: Prince Leopold of Bavaria Leopold Maximilian Joseph Maria Arnulf, Prinz von Bayern (9 February 1846 – 28 September 1930) was born in Munich, the son of Prince Regent Luitpold of Bavaria (1821–1912) and his wife Archduchess Augusta of Austria (1825–1864). He was a Field Marshal ("Generalfeldmarschall") who commanded German and Austro-Hungarian forces on the Eastern Front in World War I.

neg: Mortimer von Kessel Mortimer von Kessel (25 May 1893 – 8 January 1981) was a German general in the Wehrmacht during the Second World War. He was also a recipient of the Knight's Cross of the Iron Cross with Oak Leaves of Nazi Germany.

neg: Friedrich Kirchner Friedrich Kirchner (26 March 1885 – 6 April 1960) was a German general during World War II who commanded 1st Panzer Division and the LVII Panzer Corps. He was a recipient of the Knight's Cross of the Iron Cross with Oak Leaves and Swords.

neg: Mikhail Katukov Marshal of Armoured Troops Mikhail Efimovich Katukov (17 September 1900 – 8 June 1976) (Russian: Михаил Ефимович Катуков ) served as a commander of armored troops in the Red Army during and following World War II. He is viewed as one of the most talented Soviet armor commanders.

neg: Operation Kutuzov Operation Kutuzov was the first of the two counteroffensives launched by the Red Army as part of the Kursk Strategic Offensive Operation. It commenced on 12 July 1943, in the Central Russian Upland, against Army Group Center of the German "Wehrmacht". The operation was named after General Mikhail Kutuzov, the Russian general credited with saving Russia from Napoleon during the French invasion of Russia in 1812. Operation Kutuzov was one of two large-scale Soviet operations launched as counteroffensives against Operation Citadel. The Operation began on 12 July and ended on 18 August 1943 with the capture of Orel and collapse of the Orel bulge.

neg: Battle of Radom The Battle of Radom, also known as the Battle of Iłża, was part of the Invasion of Poland during the Second World War. It lasted from 8 September 1939 to 9 September 1939. Polish troops of the Prusy Army, under General , defended the city of Iłża and the road from Sandomierz to Radom. The Poles were not ready to meet head on overwhelming German XV Army Corps (General Hermann Hoth), and were easily defeated after two days of fighting. Prusy Army, in the aftermath of the battle, ceased to exist. Some of the army's units joined other tactical groupings of the Polish armed forces.

neg: Werner von Eichstedt Werner von Eichstedt (1 January 1896 – 26 August 1944) was a German general (Generalmajor) in the Wehrmacht during World War II. He was a recipient of the Knight's Cross of the Iron Cross of Nazi Germany. Eichstedt was killed on 26 August 1944 near Kishinev, Moldova during the Soviet Jassy–Kishinev Offensive.

neg: Wolfsschlucht II "Führerhauptquartier" Wolfsschlucht II (English: "Wolf Canyon") or W2 was the codename used for one of Adolf Hitler's World War II Western Front military headquarters located in Margival, 10 km northeast of Soissons in the department of Aisne in France. It was one of many other Führer Headquarters throughout Europe but was used only one time by Adolf Hitler, June 16 and 17, 1944 for a meeting with Field Marshals Rommel and von Rundstedt about the Normandy Front.

neg: Hans von Gronau Johann Karl Hermann Gronau, from 1913 von Gronau, commonly known as Hans von Gronau (6 December 1850 in Alt Schadow – 22 February 1940 in Potsdam) was a Prussian officer, and General during World War I.

neg: Joseph Radetzky von Radetz Johann Josef Wenzel Anton Franz Karl, Graf Radetzky von Radetz (English: John Joseph Wenceslaus Anthony Francis Charles, Count Radetzky of Radetz ; 2 November 1766 – 5 January 1858) was an Czech nobleman and field marshal, a member of House of Radetzky in the Kingdom of Bohemia. He served as chief of the general staff in the Austrian Habsburg Monarchy during the later period of the Napoleonic Wars and afterwards began military reforms. Radetzky is best known for the victories at the Battles of Custoza (24–25 July 1848) and Novara (23 March 1849) during the First Italian War of Independence. He retired at age 90 and was immortalized by Johann Strauss I's "Radetzky March".

neg: Operation Star Operation Star or Operation Zvesda (Russian: Звезда , 'Star' ) was a Red Army offensive on the Eastern Front of World War II begun on 2 February 1943. The attack was the responsibility of the Voronezh Front under the command of Filipp Golikov. Its main objectives were the cities of Kharkov and Kursk. While initially successful in capturing both cities, the Soviets overextended themselves, allowing German Field Marshal Erich von Manstein to launch a counteroffensive and inflict a defeat on the Soviets in the Third Battle of Kharkov.

neg: Peter Novopashenny Peter Novopashenny (Russian: Пётр Алексеевич Новопашенный , Pyotr Alexeyevich Nowopashenny; German: "Peter Novopaschenny" ) (* 18 March 1881 in Russia ; † October 1950 near Orsha in Belarus) was before and during the World War I a Russian Marine Officer and who worked as a cryptanalyst during World War II for the German Wermacht (OKW/Chi) cipher bureau, working on the Russian desk deciphering enciphered Soviet communications.

neg: Battle of Kiev (1941) The First Battle of Kiev was the German name for the operation that resulted in a very large encirclement of Soviet troops in the vicinity of Kiev during World War II. This encirclement is considered the largest encirclement in the history of warfare (by number of troops). The operation ran from 7 August to 26 September 1941 as part of Operation Barbarossa, the Axis invasion of the Soviet Union. In Soviet military history, it is referred to as the Kiev Strategic Defensive Operation, with somewhat different dating of 7 July – 26 September 1941.

neg: Aleksandr Krymov Aleksandr Mikhailovich Krymov (October 23, 1871—August 31, 1917, Russian: Крымов Александр Михайлович ) was a Russian Imperial Lieutenant General, a military commander of Russo-Japanese War, World War I, and Russian Revolution times.

neg: Franz Halder Franz Halder (30 June 1884 – 2 April 1972) was a German general and the chief of the "Oberkommando des Heeres" staff (OKH, Army High Command) from 1938 until September 1942, when he was dismissed after frequent disagreements with Adolf Hitler. Until December 1941 Halder's military position corresponded to the old Chief of the General Staff position, which during World War I had been the highest military office in the German Imperial Army. Halder's diary during his time as chief of OKH General Staff has been a source for authors that have written about such subjects as Hitler, World War II and the Nazi Party. In William Shirer's "The Rise and Fall of the Third Reich", Halder's diary is cited hundreds of times.

neg: Fritz Fritz originated as a German nickname for Friedrich, or Frederick ("der alte Fritz" was a nickname for King Frederick II of Prussia and Frederick III, German Emperor), as well as for similar names including Fridolin. Fritz was also a name given to German troops by the British and others in the First and Second World Wars, equivalent to Tommy, as the British troops were called by German and other troops. Other common bases for which the name Fritz was used include the surnames Fritsche, Fritzsche, Fritsch, and Frisch(e).


query: Nadine Burke Harris is an advisory council member for a non-profit organization whose offices are located in New York City, and where else?

pos: Nadine Burke Harris Nadine Burke Harris (born 1975, Vancouver, Canada) is an American pediatrician. She is known for linking adverse childhood experiences and toxic stress with harmful effects to health later on in life. She is an advisory council member for Hillary Rodham Clinton's Clinton Foundation's Too Small to Fail campaign, and the Founder and chief executive officer of the Center for Youth Wellness. Hailed as a pioneer in the treatment of toxic stress, her work has been featured in Paul Tough's book "How Children Succeed".

pos: Clinton Foundation The Clinton Foundation (founded in 1997 as the William J. Clinton Foundation), and from 2013 to 2015, briefly renamed the Bill, Hillary & Chelsea Clinton Foundation) is a non-profit organization under section 501(c)(3) of the U.S. tax code. It was established by former President of the United States Bill Clinton with the stated mission to "strengthen the capacity of people in the United States and throughout the world to meet the challenges of global interdependence." Its offices are located in New York City and Little Rock, Arkansas.

neg: Next City Next City is a national urban affairs magazine and non-profit organization based in Philadelphia.

neg: Vital Voices Vital Voices Global Partnership is an American international, 501(c)(3), non-profit, non-governmental organization that works with women leaders in the areas of economic empowerment, women's political participation, and human rights. The organization is headquartered in Washington, D.C..

neg: National Board for Certified Counselors The National Board for Certified Counselors, Inc. and Affiliates (NBCC) is a national certifying organization for professional counselors in the United States. It is an independent, not-for-profit credentialing organization based in Greensboro, North Carolina. The purpose of the organization is to establish and monitor a national certification system, identify certified counselors and to maintain a register of them.

neg: New York State Board of Elections The New York State Board of Elections is a bipartisan agency of the New York state government within the New York State Executive Department responsible for enforcement and administration of election-related laws. There are also boards of elections in each county and one for the five counties of New York City.

neg: FreshMinistries FreshMinistries is an interfaith, non-profit organization based in Jacksonville, Florida whose goal is to eradicate poverty, improve race relations and build stronger communities. The group is "working to improve people’s lives and bring hope to those living in distressed conditions."

neg: New York City Independent Budget Office The New York City Independent Budget Office (IBO) is a publicly funded agency of New York City that provides nonpartisan information about the city's budget and local economy to the public and their elected officials. The office has no policymaking role.

neg: National Association for Urban Debate Leagues The National Association for Urban Debate Leagues (NAUDL) is a Chicago-based non-profit organization that prepares low income students of color to succeed in college and in their future careers by organizing and supporting competitive debate teams in urban public schools across the country. The NAUDL engages in advocacy and fundraising on behalf of Urban Debate Leagues (UDLs), which operate at 500 high schools and middle schools in 19 cities across the U.S., including Atlanta, Baltimore, Chicago, Dallas, D.C., New York, and Los Angeles. Debate is believed to improve critical thinking skills and educational outcomes.

neg: Women's Medical Association of New York City Women's Medical Association of New York City is an organization of female physicians and medical students, with a mission to "provide communication, information, and educational programs for women in the medical profession, along with financial assistance to women medical students and researchers." It was charted by the state of New York in November 1909.

neg: Jazzmobile Jazzmobile, Inc. is based in New York City, and was founded in 1964 by Daphne Arnstein, an arts patron and founder of the Harlem Cultural Council and Dr. William "Billy" Taylor. It is a multifaceted, outreach organization committed to bringing "America's Classical Music"—Jazz—to the largest possible audience by producing concerts, festivals and special events worldwide. The Jazzmobile educational efforts are now being enhanced by the creation of a not-for-profit music publishing company and not-for-profit recording company.

neg: No Sweat (organisation) No Sweat is a broad-based not-for-profit organisation with HQ in London's Kings Cross, England, which fights for the well being and protection of sweatshop labourers, not only in developing countries but also in Britain.

neg: National Minority AIDS Council NMAC, formerly known as the "National Minority AIDS Council," leads with race to urgently fight for health equity and racial justice to end the HIV epidemic in America. The nonprofit organization located in Washington, D.C., was founded in 1987. NMAC represents over 3,000 community- and faith-based organizations nationwide. The agency advances its mission by providing minority and minority-serving faith- and community-based organizations a variety of capacity building assistance programs, online and classroom-based trainings, printed and electronic resources, grassroots organization and political advocacy. These activities help these agencies deliver HIV/AIDS services more efficiently and effectively, ultimately helping to mitigate the impact of HIV/AIDS in underserved and marginalized communities.

neg: New York City Economic Development Corporation New York City Economic Development Corporation (NYCEDC) is a not-for-profit corporation that promotes economic growth across New York City's five boroughs. It is the City's official economic development corporation, charged with using the City's assets to drive growth, create jobs, and improve quality of life. The agency has its headquarters in Lower Manhattan.

neg: Pamela Harris (politician) Pamela Harris is a member of the New York State Assembly, representing the 46th Assembly District, which covers the neighborhoods of Bath Beach, Bay Ridge, Brighton Beach, Coney Island, Dyker Heights, and Seagate, in Brooklyn.

neg: New York State Democratic Committee The New York State Democratic Committee is the affiliate of the Democratic Party in the state of New York. Its headquarters are in Midtown Manhattan, New York City, and it has an office in Albany.

neg: New Community Corporation New Community Corporation (NCC) is a not-for-profit community development corporation based in Newark, New Jersey. It is recognized by urban development analysts as one of the largest and most diversified community development organizations in the United States. NCC followed in the footsteps of the community action component of the war on poverty from the early 1960s, which emphasized community organizing, provision of a variety of community-enhancing services, and resident participation in agency operation. Early prototypes of the community action movement included local housing and service agencies started by the Ford Foundation Gray Areas Initiative and the United States Office of Economic Opportunity, and the federal / private Mobilization for Youth in New York City.

neg: New Orleans City Council The New Orleans City Council is the legislative branch of the City of New Orleans, Louisiana, United States. There is a member for each of the five council districts as well as two at-large council members. The council members are elected to four-year terms using the two-round system in single-member districts. The President and the Vice President of the Council are chosen by the council after each election.

neg: Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health The Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health (JHSPH) is part of Johns Hopkins University in Baltimore, Maryland, United States. As the first independent, degree-granting institution for research and training in public health, and the largest public health training facility in the United States, the Bloomberg School is a leading international authority on the improvement of health and prevention of disease and disability. The school's mission is to protect populations from illness and injury by pioneering new research, deploying its knowledge and expertise in the field, and educating scientists and practitioners in the global defense of human life. The school is ranked first in public health in the "U.S. News and World Report" rankings and has held that ranking since 1994.

neg: Jewish Labor Committee The Jewish Labor Committee (JLC) is an American secular Jewish organization dedicated to promoting labor union interests in Jewish communities, and Jewish interests within unions. The organization is headquartered in New York City, with local/regional offices in Boston, New York City, Philadelphia, Chicago and Los Angeles, and volunteer-led affiliated groups in a number of other U.S. communities. It was founded in 1934 in response to the rise of Nazism in Europe. Today, it works to maintain and strengthen the historically strong relationship between the American Jewish community and the trade union movement, and to promote what they see as the shared social justice agenda of both communities. The JLC was also active in Canada from 1936 until the 1970s.

neg: New Village Press New Village Press is a not-for-profit book publisher founded in 2005 in the San Francisco Bay Area and now based in New York, NY. It is a national publishing project of Architects/Designers/Planners for Social Responsibility (ADPSR), an educational non-profit organization founded in 1981.

neg: New World Foundation The New World Foundation is a liberal foundation, based in New York. It supports organizations that work on behalf of civil rights and that seek to encourage participation of citizens in American democracy. It was founded in 1954 by Anita McCormick Blaine, a prominent member of the McCormick family and an heiress to industrialist Cyrus Hall McCormick and a supporter of Henry Wallace's 1948 presidential campaign. Its initial funding of about $20 million was noted for progress towards education, ethics, peace, and public health.


query: What is the population of the nearest city to the Granite Dells?

pos: Granite Dells The Granite Dells is a geological feature north of Prescott, Arizona. The Dells consist of exposed bedrock and large boulders of granite that have eroded into an unusual lumpy, rippled appearance. Watson Lake and Willow Lake are small man-made reservoirs in this formation.

pos: Prescott, Arizona Prescott ( ; Yavapai: ʼWi:kwatha Ksikʼita ) is a city in Yavapai County, Arizona, United States. According to the 2010 Census, the population of the city is 39,843. The city is the county seat of Yavapai County. In 1864 Prescott was designated as the capital of the Arizona Territory, replacing the temporary capital at Fort Whipple. The Territorial Capital was moved to Tucson in 1867. Prescott again became the Territorial Capital in 1877, until Phoenix became the capital in 1889.

neg: Danbury, Connecticut Danbury is a city in northern Fairfield County, Connecticut, United States, located along the Still River approximately 70 miles northeast of New York's city center. Danbury's population at the 2010 census was 80,893. Danbury is the fourth most populous city in Fairfield County, and seventh among Connecticut cities. The city is within the New York combined statistical area and Bridgeport metropolitan area.

neg: Bakersfield, California Bakersfield is a city in California, United States, and the county seat of Kern County. It covers about 142 sqmi near the southern end of the San Joaquin Valley and the Central Valley region. Bakersfield's population is approximately 365,000, making it the ninth-most populous city in California and the 52nd-most populous city in the nation. The Bakersfield–Delano Metropolitan Statistical Area, which includes all of Kern County, had a 2010 census population of 839,631, making it the 62nd largest metropolitan area in the United States. The more built-up urban area that includes Bakersfield and areas immediately around the city, such as East Bakersfield and Rosedale, has a population of approximately 464,000.

neg: Dover, New Hampshire Dover is a city in Strafford County, New Hampshire, United States. The population was 29,987 at the 2010 census, the largest in the New Hampshire Seacoast region. The population was estimated at 31,153 in 2016. It is the county seat of Strafford County, and home to Wentworth-Douglass Hospital, the Woodman Institute Museum, and the Children's Museum of New Hampshire.

neg: Indian Hills, Nevada Indian Hills is a census-designated place (CDP) in Douglas County, Nevada, United States. It lies on the south side of the Carson City metropolitan area. The population was 5,627 at the 2010 census.

neg: Verona, Wisconsin Verona is a city in Dane County, Wisconsin, in the United States and is a suburb of Madison. The population was 10,619 at the 2010 census. The city is located ten miles southwest of downtown Madison within the Town of Verona. It is part of the Madison Metropolitan Statistical Area.

neg: Hanover, New Hampshire Hanover is a town along the Connecticut River in Grafton County, New Hampshire, United States. The population was 11,260 at the 2010 census. CNN and "Money" magazine rated Hanover the sixth best place to live in America in 2011, and the second best in 2007. "This just might be the best college town," read the headline of a story in the January-February 2017 issue of "Yankee".

neg: Stoughton, Wisconsin Stoughton is a city in Dane County, Wisconsin, United States. It straddles the Yahara River about 20 miles southeast of the state capital, Madison. Stoughton is part of the Madison Metropolitan Statistical Area. As of the 2010 census, the population was 12,611.

neg: Casco, Maine Casco is a town in Cumberland County, Maine, United States. The population was 3,742 at the 2010 census. Casco includes the villages of Casco, South Casco and Cook Mills. The town borders the east shore of Sebago Lake, and is home to part of Sebago Lake State Park. Casco is part of the Portland–South Portland–Biddeford, Maine metropolitan statistical area. Casco is just under 30 mi from downtown Portland.

neg: Granito Granito ("Granite") is a city in the state of Pernambuco, Brazil. The population in 2009, according with IBGE was 7,251 inhabitants and the total area is 522 km2 .

neg: Naples, Maine Naples is a town in Cumberland County, Maine, United States. It is part of the Portland–South Portland–Biddeford, Maine metropolitan statistical area. The population was 3,872 at the 2010 census, and it is home to part of Sebago Lake State Park. Naples is a resort area.

neg: Waterbury, Connecticut Waterbury (nicknamed "The Brass City") ( ) is a city in the U.S. state of Connecticut on the Naugatuck River, 33 miles (45 minutes) southwest of Hartford and 77 miles (90 minutes) northeast of New York City. Waterbury is in New Haven County, Connecticut. As of the 2010 census, Waterbury had a population of 110,366, making it the 10th largest city in the New York Metropolitan Area, 9th largest city in New England and the 5th largest city in Connecticut.

neg: Decatur, Georgia Decatur is a city in, and the county seat of, DeKalb County, Georgia, United States and is part of the Atlanta metropolitan area. With a population of 20,148 in the 2013 census, the municipality is sometimes assumed to be larger since multiple zip codes in unincorporated DeKalb County bear the Decatur name. The city is served by three MARTA rail stations. The city is located approximately 5 miles northeast of downtown Atlanta and shares its western border with Atlanta.

neg: Washington, New Hampshire Washington is a town in Sullivan County, New Hampshire, United States. The population was 1,123 at the 2010 census. Situated in a hilly, rocky, forested area, and with 26 lakes and ponds, Washington is a picturesque resort area. It is home to Pillsbury State Park.

neg: Monroe, Washington Monroe is a city in Snohomish County, Washington, United States. It is thirty miles northeast of Seattle. The population was 17,304 at the 2010 census. The population was 18,090 at 2015 Estimate from Office of Financial Management.

neg: Gardendale, Alabama Gardendale is a city in Jefferson County, Alabama, United States and a northern suburb of Birmingham. The population was 13,893 at the 2010 census.

neg: Shady Cove, Oregon Shady Cove is a city in Jackson County, Oregon, United States. The population was 2,910 as of July 1, 2011.

neg: Granite Range (Washoe County) The Granite Range is a mountain range in Washoe County, Nevada west of the town of Gerlach and the lower Black Rock Desert playa.

neg: Portland metropolitan area, Maine The city of Portland, Maine, is the hub city of a metropolitan area in southern Maine, in the United States. The region is commonly known as Greater Portland or the Portland metropolitan area. For statistical purposes, the U.S. federal government defines three different representations of the Portland metropolitan area. The Portland–South Portland–Biddeford, Maine, metropolitan statistical area is a region consisting of three counties in Maine, anchored by the city of Portland and the smaller cities of South Portland and Biddeford. As of the 2010 census, the MSA had a population of 514,098. A larger combined statistical area (CSA), the Portland–Lewiston–South Portland combined statistical area, is defined as the combination of this metropolitan statistical area (MSA) with the adjacent Lewiston–Auburn MSA. The CSA comprises four counties in southern Maine. The Portland–South Portland metropolitan New England city and town area is defined on the basis of cities and towns rather than entire counties. It consists of most of Cumberland and York counties plus the town of Durham in Androscoggin County.

neg: West Point, Utah West Point is a city in Davis County, Utah, United States. It is part of the Ogden–Clearfield, Utah Metropolitan Statistical Area. The population was 9,511 at the 2010 census, up from 6,033 at the 2000 census. The estimated population in 2014 was 10,204. The city has experienced quick growth centered primarily around single-family residential construction.

neg: Phoenix, Arizona Phoenix ( ) is the capital and most populous city of the U.S. state of Arizona. With 1,615,017 people (as of 2016 ), Phoenix is the fifth most populous city nationwide, the most populous state capital in the United States, and the only state capital with a population of more than one million residents.