query: What year was the American film that featured the song Konichiwa Bitches released?

pos: Konichiwa Bitches "Konichiwa Bitches" is a song by Swedish singer and songwriter Robyn, taken from her self-titled fourth studio album. It was released in the United Kingdom on 26 March 2007 as the first international single from the album. The term "Konichiwa Bitches" originates from a sketch with American comedian Dave Chappelle. The song was met with positive reviews, and features a more hip-hop sound than Robyn's previous singles. An accompanying music video premiered in February 2007 and features scenes that are literal representations of the song's lyrics. "Konichiwa Bitches" reached number ninety-eight on the UK Singles Chart and number sixty-seven in Australia. It was featured in the American film "R.I.P.D."

pos: R.I.P.D. R.I.P.D. is a 2013 American 3D supernatural action comedy film starring Jeff Bridges and Ryan Reynolds. Robert Schwentke directed the film based on a screenplay adapted from the comic book "Rest in Peace Department" by Peter M. Lenkov. The film also stars Kevin Bacon, Mary-Louise Parker, Stéphanie Szostak, and Marisa Miller.

neg: Little Darlings Little Darlings is a 1980 American teen comedy-drama film starring Tatum O'Neal and Kristy McNichol and featuring Armand Assante and Matt Dillon. It was directed by Ronald F. Maxwell. The screenplay was written by Kimi Peck and Dalene Young and the original music score was composed by Charles Fox. The film was marketed with the tagline "Don't let the title fool you", a reference to a scene in which Randy comments on Angel's name, to which Angel replies, "Don't let the name fool you."

neg: Ninja (film) Ninja is a 2009 American martial arts/action thriller film directed by Isaac Florentine and starring Scott Adkins, Tsuyoshi Ihara and Mika Hijii. The film's plot revolves around an American martial artist named Casey Bowman, who is asked by his sensei to travel to New York City and protect the "Yoroi Bitsu", an armored chest that contains the weapons of the last "Kōga" ninja.

neg: Blood Song Blood Song (also known Dream Slayer) is a 1982 American horror film directed by Robert Angus and Alan J. Levi, produced by Frank Avianca and Lenny Montana, and starring Frankie Avalon and Donna Wilkes. The film was shot in Coos Bay and Coquille, Oregon.

neg: Little Cigars (film) Little Cigars is a film released in 1973 by American International Pictures about a gang of little people who team up with a gangster's mistress, played by Angel Tompkins, to go on a crime spree. It was directed by Chris Christenberry.

neg: Top Gun (soundtrack) Top Gun is the soundtrack from the film of the same name, released in 1986 by Columbia Records. In 1999, it was reissued in a Special Expanded Edition with additional songs. In 2006, it was reissued again in a Deluxe Edition with yet more songs. The album reached number one in the charts for five nonconsecutive weeks in the summer and autumn of 1986. It was the best selling soundtrack of 1986 and one of the best selling of all time. According to Allmusic.com. the album "remains a quintessential artifact of the mid-'80s" and the albums hits "still define the bombastic, melodramatic sound that dominated the pop charts of the era."

neg: A Low Down Dirty Shame (soundtrack) The A Low Down Dirty Shame Soundtrack is the official soundtrack to the 1994 film "A Low Down Dirty Shame". The album was released in 1994 on Jive Records.

neg: Our America Our America is an award-winning film based on the book "Our America: Life And Death on the South Side of Chicago".

neg: Good Burger (soundtrack) Good Burger: Music From the Original Motion Picture is the soundtrack to the 1997 film of the same name. It was released on July 15, 1997 through Capitol Records and consisted of a blend of hip hop, R&B and rock music. The soundtrack was a minor success, making it to number 101 on the "Billboard" 200 chart and number 65 on the Top R&B/Hip-Hop Albums chart.

neg: The Mighty Gorga The Mighty Gorga is an American science fiction film. Released in 1969 by an independent company, the film is the brainchild of David L. Hewitt. The storyline concerns a couple hunting for a giant gorilla (The Mighty Gorga) in Africa for financial gain. Filmed on a minuscule budget, it has become notorious for its poor special effects.

neg: Cooley High Cooley High, directed by Michael Schultz, is a comedic drama that follows the narrative of high school seniors and best-friends, Leroy “Preach” Jackson (Glynn Turman) and Richard “Cochise” Morris (Lawrence Hilton-Jacobs). Written by Eric Monte, and produced by American International Pictures (AIP), the film, primarily shot in Chicago, Illinois, was a major hit at the box offices, grossing in at $13,000,000 (USD). The light-hearted and entertaining storyline captivated viewers with its portrayal of carefree best-friends, and its exciting soundtrack featuring the smash hit "Baby Love" by The Supremes, among many other Motown hits.

neg: Bad Girl (Meisa Kuroki song) "Bad Girl" is a song by Japanese recording artist Meisa Kuroki from her debut extended play (EP), "Hellcat". The song was one of the main tracks used to promote the album. "Bad Girl" was featured in the 2009 film "Crows Zero 2", in which Kuroki also appears. A "movie version" of the song was included on the film's soundtrack, released simultaneously with "Hellcat" on April 8, 2009. The music video for "Bad Girl" was directed by Kensuke Kawamura.

neg: Once Upon a Time in America Once Upon a Time in America is a 1984 Italian-American epic crime drama film co-written and directed by Italian filmmaker Sergio Leone and starring Robert De Niro and James Woods. Based on Harry Grey's novel "The Hoods", it chronicles the lives of Jewish ghetto youths who rise to prominence in New York City's world of organized crime. The film explores themes of childhood friendships; love, lust, greed, betrayal, loss, broken relationships, together with the rise of mobsters in American society.

neg: American Hot Wax American Hot Wax is a 1978 biopic film directed by Floyd Mutrux and written by John Kaye, telling the story of pioneering disc jockey Alan Freed, who was instrumental in introducing and popularizing rock and roll in the 1950s. Freed is often credited with coining the term "Rock 'n' Roll." The film starred Tim McIntire as Freed, and Fran Drescher as Freed's feisty secretary, Laraine Newman as a young aspiring songwriter, Melanie Chartoff as a young singer, Jeff Altman as a sleazy record promoter who is told off by everybody he approaches, Jay Leno as Freed's mischievous limousine driver, Moosie Drier in a warmly reviewed performance as the head of a Buddy Holly fan club with at least 5,000 members, and a walk-on part by a teenaged Cameron Crowe. It also featured performances by Chuck Berry, Jerry Lee Lewis, Frankie Ford, Screamin' Jay Hawkins, and the Brooklyn Dreams as "Professor La Plano and The Planotones". The film was not a box-office success.

neg: Neverwas Neverwas is a 2005 Canadian-American fantasy drama film, written and directed by Joshua Michael Stern in his directorial debut. It stars Ian McKellen, Aaron Eckhart, Brittany Murphy, Nick Nolte, William Hurt, and Jessica Lange. It was first shown at the 2005 Toronto International Film Festival. However, the film was never given a full theatrical release, eventually being released straight to DVD in 2007.

neg: The Blair Bitch Project The Blair Bitch Project is a 1999 film starring Linda Blair. It is a parody of "The Blair Witch Project". Its full title is The Blair Bitch Project starring Linda Blair.

neg: American Zombie American Zombie is a 2007 American mockumentary horror film directed by Grace Lee, written by Rebecca Sonnenshine and Lee, and starring Lee and John Solomon as documentary filmmakers who investigate a fictional subculture of real-life zombies living in Los Angeles.

neg: American Daylight American Daylight is a 2004 Indian film production in Hollywood. The film is directed by Roger Christian and produced by Kaleidoscope Entertainment. The film stars Nick Moran as Lawrence, an American music executive, who falls for Sujata (Koel Purie), a call center worker in India, then flies halfway around the planet to meet her. Nick's journey is complicated by his wife (Jennifer Siebel), Sujata's boss (Vijay Raaz) who sees Lawrence as a romantic rival, and the assassin hired by that boss to kill Lawrence.

neg: Meet the Fockers Meet the Fockers, sometimes referred to as Meet The Parents 2, is a 2004 American comedy film directed by Jay Roach and the sequel to "Meet the Parents". The film stars Robert De Niro (who was also one of the film's producers), Ben Stiller, Dustin Hoffman, Barbra Streisand, Blythe Danner and Teri Polo. It was followed by a sequel, "Little Fockers", in 2010.

neg: Don't Think Twice Don't Think Twice is a 2016 American comedy-drama film written and directed by Mike Birbiglia and stars Birbiglia, Keegan-Michael Key, Gillian Jacobs, Kate Micucci, Tami Sagher and Chris Gethard. The film had its world premiere at South by Southwest on March 13, 2016 and was released on July 22, 2016, by The Film Arcade.

neg: An American Crime An American Crime is a 2007 American crime drama film starring Ellen Page and Catherine Keener. The film is based on the true story of the torture and murder of Sylvia Likens by Indianapolis housewife Gertrude Baniszewski. It premiered at the 2007 Sundance Film Festival.


query: What 2017 America. Thriller stars Somali-American actor and director Barkhad Abdi?

pos: Extortion (film) Extortion, is a 2017 American thriller film, starring Eion Bailey, Bethany Joy Lenz, Barkhad Abdi, and Danny Glover.

pos: Barkhad Abdi Barkhad Abdi (Somali: "Barkhad Cabdi" , Arabic: برخد عبدي  ; born April 10, 1985) is a Somali-American actor and director. He made his debut in the film "Captain Phillips" (2013), for which he received various film award nominations, including an Academy Award nomination for Best Supporting Actor.

neg: American Dragons American Dragons (also known as Double Edge) is a 1998 action crime thriller film  starring Michael Biehn, Park Joong-hoon, Cary-Hiroyuki Tagawa, Don Stark and Byron Mann. It was directed by Ralph Hemecker, written by Erik Saltzgaber and Keith W. Strandberg, and produced by Brad Krevoy.

neg: Hangman (2017 film) Hangman is an upcoming American crime thriller film directed by Johnny Martin and written by Charles Huttinger and Michael Caissie. The film stars Al Pacino, Karl Urban, Joe Anderson, Sarah Shahi, and Brittany Snow.

neg: Chupan Chupai Chupan Chupai is an upcoming 2017 Pakistani comedy-thriller film directed by Mohsin Ali. The film stars Ahsan Khan and Neelam Munir in the lead cast. It is expected to release in December 2017 under the production banner of Huzu Productions.

neg: And Then I Go And Then I Go is a 2017 American drama film directed by Vincent Grashaw and starring Melanie Lynskey and Justin Long. It is based on the 2004 novel "Project X" by Jim Shepard.

neg: Inconceivable (2017 film) Inconceivable is an 2017 American thriller film directed by Jonathan Baker and written by Chloe King. It stars Gina Gershon, Faye Dunaway, Nicolas Cage, and Natalie Eva Marie. The film was released on June 30, 2017, by Lionsgate Premiere.

neg: Havenhurst Havenhurst is a 2017 American horror film directed by Andrew C. Erin and starring Julie Benz.

neg: Molly's Game Molly's Game is a 2017 American crime drama film written and directed by Aaron Sorkin in his directorial debut, based upon the memoir "Molly's Game: From Hollywood's Elite to Wall Street's Billionaire Boys Club, My High-Stakes Adventure in the World of Underground Poker" by Molly Bloom. It stars Jessica Chastain as Bloom, along with Idris Elba, Kevin Costner, Michael Cera, Brian d'Arcy James, Chris O'Dowd, Bill Camp, Graham Greene, Claire Rankin, Joe Keery and Jeremy Strong. The film follows the 26-year-old Bloom who becomes the target of an FBI investigation following her running of an underground poker empire for Hollywood celebrities, athletes, business tycoons and the Russian mob.

neg: Abu Mansoor Al-Amriki Omar Shafik Hammami (Arabic: عمر شفيق همّامي  , "‘Umar Shafīq Hammāmī"; 6 May 1984 – 12 September 2013), also known by the pseudonym Abu Mansoor Al-Amriki (Arabic: أبو منصور الأمريكي  , "Abū Manṣūr al-Amrīkī"), was an American citizen who was a member and leader in the Somali Islamist militant group al-Shabaab. A federal warrant for his arrest was issued in 2007. In November 2012, the FBI added Hammami to its Most Wanted Terrorists list.

neg: Darc Darc is a 2016 American thriller film directed by Nick Powell, in which the protagonist confronts a crime organization syndicate. The film stars Tony Schiena, Armand Assante, Kippei Shiina and Tetsu Watanabe.

neg: Bushwick (film) Bushwick is a 2017 American action thriller film directed by Jonathan Milott and Cary Murnion and written by Nick Damici and Graham Reznick. The film stars Dave Bautista and Brittany Snow.

neg: Mona Kosar Abdi Mona Kosar Abdi (Somali: "Mona Kosaar Cabdi" , Arabic: منى كوثر عبدي  ) is a Somali-American multimedia journalist. Currently (2017) working in Cleveland, Ohio on ABC affiliate Channel 5. She was a reporter at WSET ABC 13, the ABC television network affiliate for the Roanoke/Lynchburg, Virginia market. Abdi is also a contributing writer at the Al Jazeera Media Network. Additionally, she is an Associate Producer and previously served as an Assignment Editor at KGTV Channel 10, an ABC-affiliated television station based in San Diego. In 2011, Abdi also founded and was the Editor-in-Chief of the Gazzetta media outlet.

neg: Mean Dreams Mean Dreams is a 2016 Canadian coming-of-age thriller film directed by Nathan Morlando and written by Kevin Coughlin and Ryan Grassby. The film stars Sophie Nélisse, Josh Wiggins, and Bill Paxton. It was screened in the Directors' Fortnight section at the 2016 Cannes Film Festival. It was one of Paxton's final roles before his death on February 25, 2017.

neg: 2:22 (2017 film) 2:22 is an American-Australian thriller film directed by Paul Currie and written by Nathan Parker and Todd Stein. The film stars Michiel Huisman, Teresa Palmer and Sam Reid. The film was released in theaters and on VOD on June 30, 2017.

neg: Abduwali Muse Abduwali Muse (Somali: "Cabdiweli Cabdiqaadir Muuse" ; ] ;    ) is a Somali pirate. He is the sole survivor of four pirates who hijacked the  in April 2009 and then held Captain Richard Phillips for ransom. On February 16, 2011, Muse was sentenced to over 33 years in U.S. federal prison.

neg: Prince Abdi Prince Abdi (born 21 July 1982) is a Somali-born British stand-up comedian and actor.

neg: Bilge Ebiri Bilge Ebiri (born 1973 in York) is a Turkish-American journalist and filmmaker. Currently, Ebiri is working for "The Village Voice". His first feature film, a comedy thriller entitled "New Guy", was released in 2004.

neg: The Last of Us (2016 film) The Last of Us is a 2017 Tunisian drama film directed by Ala Eddine Slim. It was selected as the Tunisian entry for the Best Foreign Language Film at the 90th Academy Awards.

neg: Bokeh (film) Bokeh is a 2017 science fiction drama film written and directed by Geoffrey Orthwein and Andrew Sullivan. It stars Maika Monroe and Matt O'Leary as two American tourists in Iceland who find everyone else on the island has mysteriously vanished. It premiered at the Santa Barbara International Film Festival and was released theatrically in the US on March 24, 2017.

neg: Hassan Abdi Dhuhulow Hassan Abdi Dhuhulow (1990 – 22 September 2013) was a Norwegian Islamist terrorist and Al-Shabaab-member who was one of four perpetrators of the 2013 Westgate shopping mall attack in Nairobi, Kenya that killed 63 people.

neg: The Mummy (2017 film) The Mummy is a 2017 American action-adventure film directed by Alex Kurtzman and written by David Koepp, Christopher McQuarrie and Dylan Kussman, with a story by Kurtzman, Jon Spaihts and Jenny Lumet. It is a reboot of "The Mummy" franchise and the first installment in the Universal's Dark Universe. The film stars Tom Cruise, Annabelle Wallis, Sofia Boutella, Jake Johnson, Courtney B. Vance and Russell Crowe.


query: What kind of institution was formed for the first time at London's Royal Albert Hall in August 1874?

pos: The Wine Society The International Exhibition Co-operative Wine Society Limited, commonly referred to as The Wine Society, is the world's oldest wine club having been founded on 4 August 1874 at the Royal Albert Hall in London, United Kingdom.

pos: Royal Albert Hall The Royal Albert Hall is a concert hall on the northern edge of South Kensington, London, which holds the Proms concerts annually each summer since 1941. It has a capacity of up to 5,272 seats. The Hall is a registered charity held in trust for the nation and receives no public or government funding.

neg: Royal College of Music, Stockholm The Royal College of Music, Stockholm (Swedish Kungliga Musikhögskolan i Stockholm) is the oldest institution of higher education in music in Sweden, founded in 1771 as the conservatory of the Royal Swedish Academy of Music. The conservatory was made independent of the Academy in 1971.

neg: Royal Anthropological Society of Australasia The Royal Anthropological Society of Australasia was established in 1885 as the Anthropological Society of Australasia by the Australian physician Alan Carroll. The prefix 'Royal' was added in 1901. The society published the journal "Science of Man."

neg: Victoria University, Toronto Victoria University is a college of the University of Toronto, founded in 1836 and named for Queen Victoria. It is commonly called Victoria College, informally "Vic", after the original academic component that now forms its undergraduate division. Since 1928, Victoria College has retained secular studies in the liberal arts and sciences while Emmanuel College has functioned as its postgraduate theological college.

neg: List of Honorary Fellows of Keble College, Oxford Keble College is one of the constituent colleges of the University of Oxford. It was founded in memory of the Anglican clergyman John Keble, who died in 1866, and was intended to cater for men whose financial resources were insufficient to enable them to study at one of the older Oxford colleges. After a public appeal for donations in John Keble's memory, the college opened in 1870. The college's buildings – which were quite unlike any previous Oxford college, with their use of coloured bricks in patterns – were designed by William Butterfield; there have been later additions as the college has grown.

neg: Birmingham Philosophical Institution The Birmingham Philosophical Institution was a society established in Birmingham, England for the exchange of scientific knowledge.

neg: Albert Halls Not to be confused with the Royal Albert Hall in London.

neg: Royal University of Ireland The Royal University of Ireland was founded in accordance with the "University Education (Ireland) Act 1879" as an examining and degree-awarding university based on the model of the University of London. A Royal Charter was issued on 27 April 1880 and examinations were opened to candidates irrespective of attendance at college lectures. The first chancellor was the Irish chemist Robert Kane.

neg: Devonshire Club The Devonshire Club was a London gentlemen's club which was established in 1874 and was disbanded in 1976. Throughout its existence it was based at 50 St James's Street. The major Liberal club of the day was the Reform Club, but in the wake of the 1868 Reform Act's extension of the franchise, the waiting list for membership from the larger electorate grew to such an extent that a new club was formed to accommodate these new Liberal voters. The clubhouse was on the western side of St James's Street. The original intention was to call it the 'Junior Reform Club', along the model of the Junior Carlton Club formed in 1866, but complaints from the Reform Club's members led it to being named the Devonshire, in honour of its first chairman, the Duke of Devonshire, an aristocrat from a long line of Liberals.

neg: 1874 Birthday Honours The 1874 Birthday Honours were appointments by Queen Victoria to various orders and honours to reward and highlight good works by citizens of the British Empire. The appointments were made to celebrate the official birthday of the Queen, and were published in "The London Gazette" in May and June 1874.

neg: Edinburgh Astronomical Institution The Edinburgh Astronomical Institution was founded in 1811 and wound up in 1847. It was instrumental in the foundation of the Royal Observatory, Edinburgh in 1822. The Institution raised funds, mostly by member subscription, to create three departments: A scientific observatory with an observer was to be under the control of the professors of mathematics, philosophy and astronomy of the University of Edinburgh, a popular observatory was to provide general instruction and amusement and a "physical cabinet" would comprise books, globes, meteorological and other instruments.

neg: Academy of sciences An academy of sciences is a type of learned society or academy (as special scientific institution) dedicated to sciences that may or may not be state funded. Some state funded academies are tuned into national or royal (in case of the United Kingdom i.e. Royal Society of London for Improving Natural Knowledge) as a form of honor. The other types of academy is an academy of arts (see Academy of Arts) or combination of both (i.e. American Academy of Arts and Sciences).

neg: Medical and Chirurgical Society of London The Medical and Chirurgical Society of London was a learned society of physicians and surgeons which was founded in 1805 by 26 personalities in these fields who had left the Medical Society of London (founded 1773) because of disagreement with the autocratic style of its president, James Sims. Among its founders there were William Saunders (1743–1817), its first president; John Yelloly (1774–1842), Sir Astley Cooper (1768–1841), the first treasurer; Alexander Marcet (1770–1822) and Peter Mark Roget (1779–1869).

neg: Royal Panopticon The Royal Panopticon of Science and Art, to give the full title, was one of the grand social institutions and architectural splendours of Victorian London, that is now lost. It was given a Royal Charter in 1850 and in July 1851 a lease was taken out on a premium site for 60 years, and building could commence. The Panopticon was built on the eastern side of Leicester Square, opening on 18 March 1854. As a showcase venue for the very best achievements in Science and Arts of the time, it attracted 1,000 visitors per day. Two years later however it closed, obtained a licence for theatrical performances and was re-opened as the Alhambra Theatre. The site is now occupied by the Odeon Leicester Square.

neg: External examiner The external examiner plays an important role in all degree level examinations in higher education in the United Kingdom. The external examiner system originated in 1832 with the establishment of the University of Durham, the first in England since Cambridge was founded 600 years earlier. Durham used Oxford examiners to assure the public that its degrees were a similar standard to Oxford's. The establishment of more universities in England from the 1880s was accompanied by a requirement that examinations be conducted by internal and external examiners. It is also found in countries whose higher education systems were developed from United Kingdom practice, or strongly influenced by it, after its introduction, including New Zealand, and India. It is one of the oldest systems of quality control within higher education.

neg: Annual International Exhibitions (London 1871–74) Each year from 1871 to 1874 an Annual International Exhibition was held in London, England. These followed on from the 1851 Great Exhibition of the Works of Industry of All Nations and the 1862 International Exhibition in London, and the many international exhibitions which had been held in various countries since 1851.

neg: Royal Swedish Academy of Fine Arts The Royal Swedish Academy of Fine Arts (Swedish: "Kungliga Akademien för de fria konsterna" ), founded in 1773 by King Gustav III, is one of the Royal Academies in Sweden. The Academy is an independent organization, which acts to promote painting, sculpting, building and the other visual arts.

neg: Osler Club The Osler Club of London is a society founded in 1928 to "encourage the study of the history of medicine, especially amongst medical students, and to keep fresh the memory of Sir William Osler". Membership of the Osler Club is open to medical men and women, medical students, and persons associated with the history of medicine and in allied sciences.

neg: Royal Society The President, Council and Fellows of the Royal Society of London for Improving Natural Knowledge, commonly known as the Royal Society, is a learned society for science and is possibly the oldest such society still in existence. Founded in November 1660, it was granted a royal charter by King Charles II as "The Royal Society". The Society is the United Kingdom's and Commonwealth of Nations' Academy of Sciences and fulfils a number of roles: promoting science and its benefits, recognising excellence in science, supporting outstanding science, providing scientific advice for policy, fostering international and global co-operation, education and public engagement.

neg: Beethoven Quartet Society The Beethoven Quartet Society was a musical society established in 1845 in London, England dedicated to the String quartets of Ludwig van Beethoven.

neg: Royal College of Science Association The Royal College of Science Association (RCSA) was set up in 1908 and is a Chapter under the Imperial College Association umbrella comprising the former students from the Departments of Biochemistry, Biology, Chemistry, Maths and Physics (collectively termed the "Royal College of Science") at Imperial College London.


query: What century were the Leiper Canal and Duluth Ship Canal built?

pos: Leiper Canal Early in the 19th century, the Leiper Canal built in 1828-29 during the middle of the American canal age ran about 3 mi along Crum Creek in Delaware County to its mouth in Eastern Pennsylvania's Delaware Valley carrying its owners quarried products to docks on the Delaware River tidewater until 1852.

pos: Duluth Ship Canal The Duluth Ship Canal is an artificial channel cut through Minnesota Point, providing direct access to Duluth harbor from Lake Superior. Begun privately in 1871, it was put under federal supervision and maintenance several years later. It is still an important component of the harbor facilities.

neg: Seventh Street Improvement Arches The Seventh Street Improvement Arches are a double-arched masonry highway bridge that formerly spanned the St. Paul and Duluth Railroad tracks in St. Paul, Minnesota. The Seventh Street Improvement Arches are historically significant for its rarity and the technically demanding nature of its skewed, helicoidal spiral, stone-arch design. The bridge is one of the few of its type in the United States, and is the only known bridge of its type in Minnesota. It was built in 1883-1884 by Michael O’Brien and McArthur Brothers of Chicago and was designed by William A. Truesdell. The bridge was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1989 and on the American Society of Civil Engineers Historic Civil Engineering Landmarks in 2000.

neg: Co-operative Central Exchange Co-operative Central Exchange (CCE, Keskusosuuskunta), founded in 1917 and known from the spring of 1931 as Central Co-operative Wholesale, was the coordinating entity of a network of consumers' co-operatives located primarily in the states of the American Upper Midwest. Based in the Great Lakes port city of Superior, Wisconsin, located adjacent to the Finnish enclave of Duluth, Minnesota, the Co-operative Central Exchange produced an array of its own branded products under the "Red Star" and "Co-operators' Best" brand names and did annual volume well in excess of $1 million from 1928 on.

neg: Lock and Dam No. 2 Lock and Dam No. 2 is located along the Upper Mississippi River near Hastings, Minnesota and was originally built in 1907. The eastern dam portion is 722 ft wide and has 19 tainter gates. A hydroelectric station that produces about 4.4 megawatts is owned by the city of Hastings, while the 110 × lock is operated by the St. Paul district of the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers' Mississippi Valley Division. There's also a wide earthen dam on the western side of the facility.

neg: American Ship Building Company The American Ship Building Company was the dominant shipbuilder on the Great Lakes before the Second World War. It started as Cleveland Shipbuilding in Cleveland, Ohio in 1888 and opened the yard in Lorain, Ohio in 1898. It changed its name to the American Ship Building Company in 1900, when it acquired Superior Shipbuilding, in Superior, Wisconsin; Toledo Shipbuilding, in Toledo, Ohio; and West Bay Shipbuilding, in West Bay City, Michigan. With the coming of World War I, the company also acquired Buffalo Dry Dock, in Buffalo, New York; Chicago Shipbuilding, in Chicago, Illinois; and Detroit Shipbuilding, in Wyandotte, Michigan. American Shipbuilding ranked 81st among United States corporations in the value of World War II military production contracts.

neg: Neighborhoods of Duluth, Minnesota The city of Duluth, overlooking Lake Superior in the U.S. state of Minnesota has several distinct neighborhoods.

neg: Lac La Belle, Michigan Lac La Belle (French: "Lake Beautiful"), is the name given to both a lake and a small unincorporated community in Keweenaw County in the U.S. state of Michigan. The town was originally the site of a stamping plant for the copper mines of the Keweenaw, specifically the Mendota Mine and the Delaware Mine. Copper-bearing rock was transported from the mines to the stamping plant, where it was processed and loaded onto freighters. The lake is a typical "Canadian Shield" type lake averaging approximately 30 feet (9 m) deep, and empties into Lake Superior at Bete Gris, by way of both a natural channel and a dredged canal. The canal was dredged in the 1860s with funding from several copper mining companies, for use by lake freighters, carrying copper ore.

neg: North Shore Channel The North Shore Channel is a drainage canal built between 1907 and 1910 to flush the sewage-filled North Branch of the Chicago River down the Chicago Sanitary and Ship Canal. The sewage carrying duty has been largely taken over by the Chicago Deep Tunnel, but there are still occasional discharges due to heavy rains.

neg: History of Rochester, New York This article documents the history of Rochester, New York, in western New York State. Settlement began in the late 18th century, and the city flourished with the opening of the Erie Canal. It became a major manufacturing center, and attracted many Germans, Irish and other immigrants, as well as a dominant group of Yankees of New England origin. The Yankees made Rochester the center of multiple reform movements, such as abolitionism and women's rights. It was famous as the center of the American photography industry, with headquarters of Eastman Kodak. In the 1970s it became fashionable to call the industrial cities along the Great Lakes 'rustbelt cities' following the move away from steel, chemical and other hard goods manufacturing. Rochester, with the presence of Ritter-Pfaulder, Bausch and Lomb, Eastman Kodak, Xerox, Gannett and other major industries, defied the trend for many decades following WWII.

neg: Duluth Civic Center Historic District Duluth Civic Center Historic District is a historic district in Duluth, Minnesota that includes four buildings: the Saint Louis County Courthouse, designed by architect Daniel Burnham and built in 1908–1909; Duluth City Hall, designed by Thomas J. Shefchik built in 1928, the Federal Building designed by government architects and built in 1920, and the Saint Louis County Jail built in 1924. The center is a notable work of the City Beautiful movement The complex is listed on the National Register of Historic Places.

neg: Round Island Channel The Round Island Channel is a navigable Lake Huron waterway located between Mackinac Island and Round Island in the Straits of Mackinac. It forms a key link in the lake freighter route between Lake Superior and Lake Michigan, on which millions of tons of taconite iron ore are shipped annually. The channel also provides access to the harbor of Mackinac Island, Michigan, and is used by commercial ferryboats delivering passengers to the small island city.

neg: Minnesota Minnesota ( ; locally   ) is a state in the midwestern and northern regions of the United States. Minnesota was admitted as the 32nd U.S. state on May 11, 1858, created from the eastern half of the Minnesota Territory. The state has a large number of lakes, and is known by the slogan "Land of 10,000 Lakes". Its official motto is "L'Étoile du Nord" (French: "Star of the North").

neg: Downtown Duluth The Downtown of Duluth, Minnesota, United States; is situated between Mesaba Avenue (Highway 194) and 4th Avenue East; and located on Michigan, Superior, First, Second, and Third Streets.

neg: Canal Park, Duluth Canal Park is a tourist and recreation-oriented district of Duluth, Minnesota, United States. Situated across the Interstate 35 freeway from Downtown Duluth, it is connected by the famous Aerial Lift Bridge to the Park Point sandbar and neighborhood. Canal Park Drive and Lake Avenue South serve as the main routes in Canal Park.

neg: John J. Holland John Holland was a shipbuilder in Seattle, Washington in the late 19th century. Among the vessels built at his yard was the sternwheel steamboat "Fairhaven" in 1889., and, in 1890, the famous sternwheeler "Bailey Gatzert".

neg: Knife River (Lake Superior) The Knife River is a 23.9 mi river of northern Minnesota which drains a portion of Lake and Saint Louis counties into Lake Superior between Duluth and Two Harbors.

neg: Illinois Waterway Project Office The Illinois Waterway Project Office is a maintenance shop and project office for the Illinois Waterway, the system of rivers and canals through Illinois which connect the Mississippi River to Lake Michigan. The complex, which is also a national historic district, is located at 257 Grant Street in Peoria, Illinois, on the west bank of the Illinois River. The U.S. Army Corps of Engineers established the office in 1913 to house and maintain its boats; it developed into its current role in the 1920s and 1930s. The maintenance buildings at the complex were mainly built during this later period of development; five of these buildings are considered contributing buildings to the historic district. The 1913 harbor and marine ways are also part of the historic district, as are three of the boats stationed in the harbor.

neg: Jay Cooke State Park Jay Cooke State Park is a state park of Minnesota, United States, protecting the lower reaches of the St. Louis River. The park is located about 10 mi southwest of Duluth and is one of the ten most visited state parks in Minnesota. The western half of the park contains part of a rocky, 13 mi gorge. This was a major barrier to Native Americans and early Europeans traveling by canoe, which they bypassed with the challenging Grand Portage of the St. Louis River. The river was a vital link connecting the Mississippi waterways to the west with the Great Lakes to the east.

neg: Agnar Bachen Agnar Bachen (1922–1996) was a Norwegian, later naturalized British ship captain. He is mainly notable for having taken the first major shipment of grain from the City of Duluth, Minnesota to Europe establishing Duluth as port city on America’s fourth seacoast one year before the opening of the St Lawrence Seaway in 1959.

neg: Duluth, Missabe and Iron Range Railway The Duluth, Missabe and Iron Range Railway (DM&IR) (reporting mark DMIR) is a railroad operating in northern Minnesota and Wisconsin that hauls iron ore and later taconite to the Great Lakes ports of Duluth and Two Harbors, Minnesota. Control of the railway was acquired on May 10, 2004, by the Canadian National Railway (CN) when it purchased the assets of Great Lakes Transportation.

neg: Danziger Bridge The Danziger Bridge is a vertical lift bridge named after a New Orleans lawyer and businessman, which carries seven vehicular lanes of U.S. Route 90 (Chef Menteur Highway) across the Industrial Canal in New Orleans, Louisiana. It was built to replace the old Danziger Bridge, a draw bridge constructed in 1931–1932. The current Danziger Bridge was constructed on the south side of the old bridge between 1983 and 1987, officially opening in February 1988, becoming the widest lift bridge in the world. Most marine traffic is accommodated in the down position.


query: "If You Ever Leave Me" is a vocal duet between Barbra Streisand and Vince Gill, The song was written by which American adult contemporary and pop/rock singer, songwriter, musician and record producer who has sold over 30 million records?

pos: If You Ever Leave Me "If You Ever Leave Me" is a vocal duet between Barbra Streisand and Vince Gill. The song was written by Richard Marx and produced by David Foster and Richard Marx. It first appeared as a single on Streisand's 1999 album, A Love Like Ours.

pos: Richard Marx Richard Noel Marx (born September 16, 1963) is an American adult contemporary and pop/rock singer, songwriter, musician and record producer who has sold over 30 million records. He had a stream of hit singles in the late 1980s and 1990s, including "Endless Summer Nights," "Right Here Waiting," "Now and Forever," "Hazard" and "At the Beginning" with Donna Lewis. Although some of his major hit songs were ballads, many of his songs have had a classic rock style, such as "Don't Mean Nothing," "Should've Known Better," "Satisfied," and "Too Late to Say Goodbye."

neg: Jim Steinman James Richard Steinman (born November 1, 1947) is an American composer, lyricist, and Grammy Award-winning record producer responsible for many hit songs. He has also worked as an arranger, pianist and singer. His work has included songs in the adult contemporary, rock and roll, dance, pop, musical theater and film score genres. Beginning his career in musical theater, Steinman's most notable work in the area includes lyrics for "Whistle Down the Wind" and music for "Tanz der Vampire".

neg: If I Ever Fall in Love Again "If I Ever Fall in Love Again" is a song written by Steve Dorff and Gloria Sklerov, and performed by Anne Murray and Kenny Rogers as a duet. The song reached number six on the Canadian Adult Contemporary chart and number nine on the Canadian Country chart in. It was released in September 1989 as the first single from Murray's compilation album "Greatest Hits Volume II" and Roger's studio album "Something Inside So Strong". The song was produced by Jim Ed Norman and Steve Dorff. The song didn't fare very well in North America (with the exception of the Country and Adult Contemporary Charts in Canada), but in the Philippines it became a number one hit.

neg: Buddy Bregman Louis Isidore "Buddy" Bregman (July 9, 1930 – January 8, 2017) was an American arranger, producer, and composer. He worked with many of the greatest musical artists of 20th Century popular music, including: Ella Fitzgerald, Bing Crosby, Judy Garland, Fred Astaire, Louis Armstrong, Sammy Davis Jr., Peggy Lee, Bobby Darin, Anita O'Day, Frank Sinatra, Count Basie, Oscar Peterson, Jerry Lewis, Paul Anka, Buddy Rich, Eddie Fisher, Annie Ross, and Carmen McRae. He became Ethel Merman's personal arranger.

neg: 30 Rock Original Television Soundtrack 30 Rock Original Television Soundtrack is the soundtrack for the award-winning NBC television program "30 Rock". The two-disc album consists largely of songs composed by Jeff Richmond, the co-producer and musical director of the show and the husband of the creator, writer, producer, and star, Tina Fey. It includes the score of the series as well as some songs that have been featured in the show's first four seasons. It was released on November 16, 2010 by Relativity Music Group. On November 20, 2010, the cast of "30 Rock" did their first ever signing for the soundtrack at the NBC Experience Store at Rockefeller Center. Appearances were made by Tina Fey, Jeff Richmond, Jane Krakowski, Jack McBrayer, John Lutz, Kevin Brown, and Grizz Chapman.

neg: Earl Thomas Conley Earl Thomas Conley (born October 17, 1941, Portsmouth, Ohio, United States) is an American country music singer-songwriter. Between 1980 and 2003, he recorded ten studio albums, including seven for the RCA Records label. In the 1980s and into the 1990s, Conley also charted more than thirty singles on the "Billboard" Hot Country Songs charts, of which eighteen reached Number One. Conley's eighteen "Billboard" Number One country singles during the 1980s marked the most Number One hits by any artist in any genre during that decade except for Alabama and Ronnie Milsap.

neg: Jimmy Jam and Terry Lewis James Samuel "Jimmy Jam" Harris III (born June 6, 1959) and Terry Steven Lewis (born November 24, 1956) are an American R&B songwriting and record production team. They have enjoyed great success since the 1980s with various artists, most notably Janet Jackson. They have written 31 top ten hits in the UK and 41 in the US.

neg: Their Greatest Hits: The Record Their Greatest Hits: The Record is the career retrospective greatest hits album by the Bee Gees, released on UTV Records and Polydor in November 2001 as HDCD. The album includes 40 tracks spanning over 35 years of music. Four of the songs were new recordings of classic Gibb compositions originally recorded by other artists, including "Emotion" (Samantha Sang), "Heartbreaker" (Dionne Warwick), "Islands in the Stream" (Kenny Rogers and Dolly Parton), and "Immortality" (Celine Dion). It also features the Barry Gibb duet with Barbra Streisand, "Guilty", which originally appeared on Streisand's 1980 album of the same name. It is currently out of print and has been supplanted by another compilation, "The Ultimate Bee Gees".

neg: Songbird (Barbra Streisand song) "Songbird" is the title track and first single released from Barbra Streisand's 1978 album. It was written by Dave Wolfert and Steve Nelson and produced by Gary Klein.

neg: Lay It Down (Al Green album) Lay It Down is the 29th studio album by American recording artist Al Green, released May 27, 2008, on Blue Note Records. The album was produced by Ahmir "Questlove" Thompson of The Roots and James Poyser. Four tracks feature guest artists, two with Anthony Hamilton, and one each with John Legend and Corinne Bailey Rae. "Lay It Down" is Green's first Top 10 Album since 1973, and, according to Metacritic, has received widespread acclaim from critics. "Stay With Me (By the Sea)" won Al Green and John Legend a Grammy award for Best R&B Performance by a Duo or Group given in 2009.

neg: Lefty Frizzell William Orville Frizzell, known as Lefty Frizzell (March 31, 1928 – July 19, 1975), was an American country music singer-songwriter and honky-tonk singer. A vocalist who set the style of singing "the country way" for the generations that followed, Frizzell became one of the most successful and influential artists of country music throughout his career. He gained prominence in 1950 after two major hits, and throughout the decade was a very popular country performer. He smoothed out the rough edges of a honky tonk song by sounding out syllables longer and singing longer. Because of this, his music become much more mainstream without losing its honky-tonk attitude and persona.

neg: Clarence McDonald Clarence "Mac" McDonald is a Los Angeles-based pianist, composer, arranger, and producer. McDonald is known for his musical diversity, enduring melodies and signature groove. His most famous composition is "Silly" sung by Deniece Williams in 1981 and Taral Hicks in 1997. In 2010 the song instrumental intro and bridge were sampled in Monica's seven weeklong Billboard #1 RB Grammy nominated song "Everything To Me". He has worked with a long list of entertainment icons including Ray Charles, Barbra Streisand, Ella Fitzgerald, Justin Timberlake, Aretha Franklin, James Taylor, Carole King, Taral Hicks, Freddy Hubbard, Nancy Wilson, Boz Scaggs, Seals & Crofts, Bill Withers, and The Jackson 5.

neg: Sanger D. Shafer Sanger D. "Whitey" Shafer (born October 24, 1934) is an American country songwriter and musician. He wrote numerous hits for stars such as George Jones, Lefty Frizzell, and George Strait.

neg: Chris Christian Chris Christian (born February 7, 1955) is an American songwriter, record producer, and a record label executive. His songs have been recorded by Elvis Presley, Olivia Newton-John, Hall and Oates, Natalie Cole, Sheena Easton, The Pointer Sisters, Al Jarreau, The Carpenters, Amy Grant, Patti Austin, Dionne Warwick, America, The Imperials, B.J. Thomas, B W Stevenson, Marilyn McCoo, Dan Peek, Cheryl Ladd, Jane Olivor, Sandi Patti, Pat Boone, Ali Lohan, Donnie Osmond, and others.

neg: Richie Sambora Richard Stephen "Richie" Sambora (born July 11, 1959) is an American rock guitarist, singer and songwriter and producer, best known as the lead guitarist of the rock band Bon Jovi for 30 years. Sambora and lead singer Jon Bon Jovi formed the main songwriting unit for the band. He has also released three solo albums: "Stranger in This Town" in 1991, "Undiscovered Soul" in 1998, and "Aftermath of the Lowdown", released in September 2012.

neg: John Feldmann John William Feldmann (born June 29, 1967) is an American musician and producer. He has produced and co-written songs accounting for sales of more than 34 million albums worldwide—6 million alone from 2011 to 2015—and is also the lead singer/guitarist of the band Goldfinger. He is an animal rights advocate.

neg: No More Tears (Enough Is Enough) "No More Tears (Enough Is Enough)" is a 1979 song recorded as a duet by Barbra Streisand and Donna Summer.

neg: Len Barry Len Barry (born Leonard Borisoff on June 12, 1942 in West Philadelphia) is a Grammy nominated American vocalist, songwriter, and record producer.

neg: Gary Burr Gary Burr, born in Meriden, Connecticut, is an American musician, songwriter, and record producer, primarily in the country music genre. Many of the songs he has written have become Top-10 hits, the first of which was "Love's Been A Little Bit Hard On Me" released by Juice Newton (#7 on Billboard's Hot 100) in 1982. He became a member of the group Pure Prairie League (1984 to 1985), taking over after Vince Gill departed the group. Burr later moved to Nashville to focus on his songwriting career, though he has continued performing and is currently a member of the Blue Sky Riders. He has written and co-written songs for a large number of country artists (The Oak Ridge Boys, Reba McEntire, Patty Loveless, etc.), and a few songs for Pop and Rock artists (Juice Newton, Lynyrd Skynyrd, and Lisa Loeb).

neg: Jude Johnstone Jude Johnstone is an American singer-songwriter. Her songs have been covered by Laura Branigan, Trisha Yearwood, Emmylou Harris, Bonnie Raitt, Bette Midler, Johnny Cash, Stevie Nicks, Mary Black and others. Johnstone wrote the #1 song "The Woman Before Me" on Yearwood's debut CD, which also won an award from Broadcast Music Incorporated. In 1997, Johnny Cash won the Country Album of the Year Grammy for American II Unchained (Johnny Cash album) for which Johnstone wrote the title track. BoJak Records was created by her manager Bob Burton in 2002 to release her debut CD "Coming of Age" followed by the 2005 release of "On a Good Day," and in 2007 "Blue Light," 2008 "mr.sun," 2011 "Quiet Girl", 2013 "Shatter," and in 2016, "A Woman's Work." She lives in Nashville, Tennessee.

neg: David Paich David Frank Paich (born June 25, 1954) is an Emmy and Grammy award-winning American keyboardist, singer, composer, recording producer, and arranger, best known for his work with the rock band Toto. With Toto, Paich has released 17 albums and sold over 30 million records. Additionally, Paich has contributed to a host of artists with his songwriting and arrangements including working with Boz Scaggs extensively in the 1970s and Michael Jackson in the 1980s.


query: Before winning his first NBA championship with the warriors, who joined the All-Championship team after the 2003 Atlantic 10 Men's Basketball Tournament?

pos: 2003 Atlantic 10 Men's Basketball Tournament The 2003 Atlantic 10 Men's Basketball Tournament was played from March 10 to March 15, 2003. The winner was named champion of the Atlantic 10 Conference and received an automatic bid to the 2003 NCAA Men's Division I Basketball Tournament. The University of Dayton won the tournament and got the conference's automatic bid to the NCAA Tournament. Xavier and Saint Joseph's also received bids to the NCAA Tournament. Rhode Island, Richmond and Temple received bids to the 2003 National Invitation Tournament. Ramod Marshall of Dayton was named the tournament's Most Outstanding Player. Future NBA players Jameer Nelson of Saint Joseph's and David West of Xavier were among those joining Marshall on the All-Championship Team.

pos: David West (basketball) David Moorer West (born August 29, 1980) is an American professional basketball player for the Golden State Warriors of the National Basketball Association (NBA). He played college basketball for Xavier University where in 2003, he became the first Musketeer to ever win the AP Player of the Year. West is a two-time NBA All-Star, being named to the West team in 2008 and 2009. In 2017, West won his first NBA Championship as a member of the Warriors.

neg: David Thompson (basketball) David O'Neil Thompson (born July 13, 1954) is an American retired professional basketball player. He played with the Denver Nuggets of both the American Basketball Association (ABA) and National Basketball Association (NBA), as well as the Seattle SuperSonics of the NBA. He was previously a star in college for North Carolina State, leading the Wolfpack to its first NCAA championship in 1974. Thompson is one of the six players to score 70 or more points in an NBA game.

neg: 2009 Atlantic 10 Men's Basketball Tournament The 2009 Atlantic 10 Men's Basketball Tournament was played at Boardwalk Hall in Atlantic City, New Jersey from March 11 through March 14, 2009. The winner of the tournament received an automatic bid to the 2009 NCAA Men's Division I Basketball Tournament and was crowned Atlantic 10 Conference champion. Temple won the tournament with a 69-64 victory over Duquesne.

neg: 2000–01 Seattle SuperSonics season The 2000–01 NBA season was the 33rd season for the Seattle SuperSonics in the National Basketball Association. With the hopes of improving the team in the middle, the Sonics acquired All-Star center Patrick Ewing from the New York Knicks during the offseason. However, the Sonics would get off to a slow start losing seven of their first ten games. Head coach Paul Westphal was fired after a 6–9 start, and was replaced with former Sonics guard Nate McMillan. The Sonics played above .500 for the remainder of the season finishing fifth in the Pacific Division with a 44–38 record, but missed the playoffs by finishing tenth place in the Western Conference. During the All-Star Weekend in Washington, D.C., Gary Payton was selected for the All-Star Game and rookie Desmond Mason won the Slam Dunk Contest. It was Ewing's only season in a Sonics uniform as he left for the Orlando Magic the next season. Also following the season, Ruben Patterson signed as a free agent with the Portland Trail Blazers.

neg: 2003 America East Men's Basketball Tournament The 2003 America East Men's Basketball Tournament was hosted by the Boston University Terriers at Walter Brown Arena . The final was held at Case Gym on the campus of Boston University. Vermont gained its first ever America East Championship and an automatic berth to the NCAA Tournament with its win over Boston University. Vermont was given the 16th seed in the West Regional of the NCAA Tournament and lost in the first round to Arizona 80–51. Boston University gained a bid to the NIT and lost in the first round to St. John's 73–57.

neg: 2003 Pacific-10 Conference Men's Basketball Tournament 2003 Pacific-10 Conference Men's Basketball Tournament

neg: 2007 Atlantic 10 Men's Basketball Tournament The 2007 Atlantic 10 Men's Basketball Tournament was played from March 7 to March 10, 2007, at Boardwalk Hall in Atlantic City, New Jersey. The winner was named champion of the Atlantic 10 Conference and received an automatic bid to the 2007 NCAA Men's Division I Basketball Tournament. George Washington University won the tournament. Maureece Rice, a guard on George Washington, was named Most Outstanding Player of the tournament. The top four teams in the conference received first-round byes, while La Salle University and St. Bonaventure University were left out of the tournament because they did not finish in the top twelve of the conference.

neg: 1999 NCAA Men's Basketball All-Americans The Consensus 1999 College Basketball All-American team, as determined by aggregating the results of four major All-American teams. To earn "consensus" status, a player must win honors from a majority of the following teams: the Associated Press, the USBWA, The Sporting News and the National Association of Basketball Coaches.

neg: Oscar Robertson Oscar Palmer Robertson (born November 24, 1938), nicknamed "The Big O", is an American former National Basketball Association player who played for the Cincinnati Royals and Milwaukee Bucks. The 6 ft , 205 lb Robertson played point guard and was a 12-time All-Star, 11-time member of the All-NBA Team, and one-time winner of the MVP award in 14 professional seasons. In 1962, he became the first of only two players in NBA history to average a triple-double for a season. In the 1970–71 NBA season, he was a key player on the team that brought the Bucks their only NBA title. His playing career, especially during high school and college, was plagued by racism.

neg: Klay Thompson Klay Alexander Thompson (born February 8, 1990) is an American professional basketball player for the Golden State Warriors of the National Basketball Association (NBA). The son of former NBA player Mychal Thompson, he played college basketball for three seasons at Washington State University, where he was a two-time first-team all-conference selection in the Pac-10. Thompson was selected in the first round of the 2011 NBA draft by Golden State with the 11th overall pick. In 2014, he and teammate Stephen Curry set a then NBA record with 484 combined three-pointers in a season, as the pair were given the nickname the "Splash Brothers". Thompson is a three-time NBA All-Star and a two-time All-NBA Third Team honoree. In 2015, he helped lead the Warriors to their first NBA Championship since 1975. Thompson helped the Warriors return to the NBA Finals for a third straight year in 2017, winning his second NBA Championship.

neg: 2003–04 Boston Celtics season The 2003–04 NBA season was the 58th season for the Boston Celtics in the National Basketball Association. During the offseason, the Celtics acquired Raef LaFrentz, a teammate of Paul Pierce from the University of Kansas, from the Dallas Mavericks. The Celtics roster move continued in December when Tony Battie and Eric Williams were both traded to the Cleveland Cavaliers for Ricky Davis. In February, Mike James was traded to the Detroit Pistons for Lindsey Hunter and Chucky Atkins in a three-team trade involving the Atlanta Hawks. However, Hunter was waived after the trade and later re-signed with the Pistons. The team also released Vin Baker, who went off to sign with the New York Knicks.

neg: 1949–50 Philadelphia Warriors season The 1949–50 Philadelphia Warriors season was the fourth season for the team in the National Basketball Association (NBA).

neg: 2002–03 New Jersey Nets season The 2002–03 NBA season was the Nets' 36th season in the National Basketball Association, and 27th season in East Rutherford, New Jersey. During the offseason, the Nets acquired All-Star center Dikembe Mutombo from the Philadelphia 76ers, and signed free agent Rodney Rogers. However, Mutombo only played just 24 games due to a wrist injury. The Nets got off a solid start with a 26–9 record, while posting a ten-game winning streak between December and January. The team finished their season first place in the Atlantic Division with a 49–33 record, while posting a successful 33–8 home record. Jason Kidd was selected for the 2003 NBA All-Star Game, leading the Nets with 18.7 points, 8.9 assists and 2.2 steals per game. In the first round of the playoffs, they defeated the Milwaukee Bucks in six games, then swept the 6th-seeded Boston Celtics in four straight games in the semifinals, and then defeated the top-seeded Detroit Pistons in another four-game sweep in the Eastern Conference Finals.

neg: Ross McBurney Ross Clayton McBurney (July 29, 1906 – July 4, 1988) was an American basketball player. A 6'5" center, McBurney attended Wichita East High School, where he led the team to a national high school championship in 1925. He then attended Wichita State University from 1926 to 1929, where he became the school's first basketball All-American in 1927. That year he led the Shockers to a 19-2 record and a third-place finish in the Amateur Athletic Union tournament. He was also named to the AAU All-American team that year.

neg: Jameer Nelson Jameer Nelson (born February 9, 1982) is an American professional basketball player for the Denver Nuggets of the National Basketball Association (NBA). He played college basketball for Saint Joseph's University, where he was named National college player of the year in 2004. Drafted 20th overall in the 2004 NBA draft, Nelson spent the first ten years of his NBA career with the Orlando Magic. He has also played for the Dallas Mavericks and Boston Celtics. In 2009, he helped Orlando reach the NBA Finals and was named an All-Star.

neg: List of career achievements by Stephen Curry This page details the records, statistics and career achievements of American professional basketball player Stephen Curry. Curry is a point guard for the Golden State Warriors of the National Basketball Association (NBA). He previously played collegiately for Davidson. Holding numerous records related to three-point shooting, Curry has played eight seasons in the NBA, where he is a four-time All-Star, two-time Most Valuable Player, and a two-time NBA champion with the Warriors in 2015 and 2017. He is also the Warriors franchise leader in Points in Playoffs.

neg: Michael McDonald (basketball) Michael Dewayne McDonald (born February 13, 1969) is a retired American basketball player. A 6'10" and 232 lb center, he played collegiately for Utah Valley State College (now Utah Valley University) and the University of New Orleans. In 1990–91 he averaged 12.3 points and 8.3 rebounds for Utah Valley. He sat out a year, then averaged 4.2 points and 2.5 rebounds per game for New Orleans as a junior in 1992-93. His senior year in 1994-95 he averaged 11.1 points and 9.7 rebounds with 81 blocked shots. He was selected by the Golden State Warriors with the second round pick (55th overall) in the 1995 NBA Draft. The Warriors traded his rights, as well as the rights to Dwayne Whitfield and Martin Lewis, and forwards Victor Alexander and Carlos Rogers, to the Toronto Raptors in a trade for B. J. Armstrong, and he spent two weeks with the Raptors during the 1996 pre-season, but was waived before the regular season started.

neg: 2004–05 Dayton Flyers men's basketball team The 2004–05 Dayton Flyers men's basketball team represented the University of Dayton during the 2003–04 NCAA Division I men's basketball season. The Flyers, led by second year head coach Brian Gregory, played their home games at the University of Dayton Arena and were members of the Atlantic 10 Conference. They finished the season 18–11, 10–6 in A-10 play, finishing second in the A-10's West division. The Flyers advanced to the quarterfinals of the Atlantic 10 Tournament where their season was ended by Temple. Dayton was not selected to play in a postseason tournament, ending a streak of 5 consecutive postseason appearances.

neg: Russ Ochsenhirt Russell W. "Russ" Ochsenhirt (April 16, 1912 – October 4, 2002) was an outstanding scholar-athlete at the University of Pittsburgh. He played basketball for four seasons, serving as captain of the 1933-34 team. He was named to "Liberty" magazine's All-American first team in 1934 and was twice selected to the All-Eastern Intercollegiate honor squad. After he graduated with a degree in electrical engineering, Ochsenhirt moved to Akron, Ohio, where he took a management position with Goodyear Tire and Rubber. He also joined the Goodyear Wingfoots basketball team. He was captain of the 1937-1938 squad, which won the championship of the National Basketball League, the forerunner of the National Basketball Association.

neg: 2008 Atlantic 10 Men's Basketball Tournament The 2008 Atlantic 10 Men's Basketball Tournament was played at Boardwalk Hall in Atlantic City, New Jersey from March 12 through March 15, 2008. By winning the tournament, Temple received an automatic bid to the 2008 NCAA Men's Division I Basketball Tournament and was crowned Atlantic 10 Conference champion. Xavier and Saint Joseph's also received at-large bids to the NCAA tournament. Dionte Christmas of Temple was named the tournament's Most Outstanding Player.

neg: 2003–04 UCLA Bruins men's basketball team The 2003–04 UCLA Bruins men's basketball team represented the University of California, Los Angeles in the 2003–04 NCAA Division I men's basketball season. The team finished 8th in the conference and lost in the first round of the Pac-10 tournament to the Washington Huskies. The 8th-place finish was worst ever for UCLA since the conference expanded to 10 teams. The Bruins did not play in a post-season tournament. This was the first season for head coach Ben Howland following the departure of Steve Lavin.


query: The Social Contract, or Of the Social Contract, or Principles of Political Law, by Jean-Jacques Rousseau, is a book in which Rousseau theorized about the best way to establish a political community in the face of the problems of commercial society, which he had already identified in what is commonly known as the "Second Discourse", this work by this philosopher is titled what?

pos: The Social Contract The Social Contract, or Of the Social Contract, or Principles of Political Law (French: "Du contrat social ou Principes du droit politique" ; 1762) by Jean-Jacques Rousseau, is a book in which Rousseau theorized about the best way to establish a political community in the face of the problems of commercial society, which he had already identified in his "Discourse on Inequality" (1754).

pos: Discourse on Inequality Discourse on the Origin and Basis of Inequality Among Men (French: "Discours sur l'origine et les fondements de l'inégalité parmi les hommes" ), also commonly known as the "Second Discourse", is a work by philosopher Jean-Jacques Rousseau.

neg: Commercial state The commercial state concept (and its important variant, commercial society) is sometimes associated with Adam Ferguson's concept of civil society and refers to a government or political state devoted primarily to the promotion and advancement of commercial interests. Ferguson, Adam Smith and other representatives of the Scottish Enlightenment (and who referred to themselves as the literati) were more likely to use the term commercial society. The underlying idea of the commercial state can also be linked to the American School of Economics (and in particular to the legacy of the political and economic approach of Alexander Hamilton). In its modern manifestation, national, state and local governments which pursue business and commercial development and other forms of economic and industrial development through tax policies and forms of positive incentives and inducements may properly be termed commercial states. Practical commercial state activities include governmental economic development efforts including encouraging plant relocations, tax rebates, zoning easements and assorted other incentives and concessions.

neg: Politics (essay) "Politics" is an essay written by Ralph Waldo Emerson. It is part of his "Essays: Second Series", published in 1844. A premier philosopher, poet and leader of American transcendentalism, he used this essay to belie his feelings on government, specifically American government. His impact on New England thought and his views on pragmatism influenced the likes of Henry David Thoreau, Orestes Brownson, and Frederich Nietzsche, among others.

neg: Société d'économie politique The Société d’Economie Politique (English: Political Economy Society ) is a French learned society concerned with political economy. It was founded in 1842 to provide a forum for discussion of free trade, a subject of violent debate at the time, and has continued to organize discussions on economic and social issues to the present day.

neg: Discursive dominance The word "" is closely related to the word discourse, which refers to "communication of ideas". In a society there are competing discourses (or narratives) regarding anything and everything such as feminism, racism, casteism, communalism, regionalism, economic development, democracy, governance, etc. These competing discourses struggle for dominance. Ultimately, one of the discourse emerges as dominant. This is known as discursive dominance. If none of the competing discourses manages to establish itself in the psyche of the people, it results in discord.

neg: African philosophy African philosophy is philosophy produced by African people, philosophy that presents African worldviews, or philosophy that uses distinct African philosophical methods. Although African philosophers may be found in the various academic fields of philosophy, such as metaphysics, epistemology, moral philosophy, and political philosophy, much of the modern African philosophy has been concerned with defining the ethnophilosophical parameters of African philosophy and identifying what differentiates it from other philosophical traditions. One of the implicit assumptions of ethnophilosophy is that a specific culture can have a philosophy that is not applicable and accessible to all peoples and cultures in the world, however this concept is disputed by traditional philosophers.

neg: The Rhetoric of Drugs The Rhetoric of Drugs (French: "Rhétorique de la drogue" ) in the original French title, is a 1990 work by French philosopher Jacques Derrida. Derrida, interviewed, discusses the concept of "drug", and says that "Already one must conclude that the concept of drug is a non-scientific concept, that it is instituted on the basis of moral or political evaluations." In his philosophical-linguistic analysis, Derrida unmasks the socio-cultural mystifications made on the discourses on drugs.

neg: Ethics of justice Ethics of justice, also known as morality of justice, is the term used by Carol Gilligan in "In a Different Voice" to describe the ethics and moral reasoning common to men and preferred by Kohlberg's stages of moral development. The ethics of justice deals with moral choices through a measure of rights of the people involved and chooses the solution that seems to damage the least number of people. Rooted in a respect for the legal system , it applies in the Western democracy ideas like social contract theory to everyday moral decisions.

neg: Social Theory and Social Structure Social Theory and Social Structure ("STSS") was a landmark publication in sociology by Robert K. Merton. It has been translated into close to 20 languages and is one of the most frequently cited texts in social sciences. It was first published in 1949, although revised editions of 1957 and 1968 are often cited. In 1998 the International Sociological Association listed this work as the third most important sociological book of the 20th century.

neg: Meta-discussion The term meta-discussion means a discussion whose subject is a discussion. Meta-discussion explores such issues as the style of a discussion, its participants, the setting in which the discussion occurs, and the relationship of the discussion to other discussions on the same or different topics. It is one of many terms based on the inferred meaning of the "meta-" prefix. The etymology for the prefix dates back to use of "Metaphysics" as the title of the treatise by Aristotle that came after his works on physics in the traditional ordering of his books. The fundamental meaning of the prefix in Greek is simply "after." The modern, inferred meaning of a higher-order, self-referential consideration of the nature of an activity—rather than actual, first-level participation in the activity—has led to many neologisms such as meta-wiki.

neg: Kyklos The Kyklos (Ancient Greek: κύκλος , ] , "cycle") is a term used by some classical Greek authors to describe what they saw as the political cycle of governments in a society. It was roughly based on the history of Greek city-states in the same period. The concept of "The Kyklos" is first elaborated in Plato's "Republic", chapters VIII and IX. Polybius calls it the "anakyklosis" or "anacyclosis".

neg: Common good In philosophy, economics, and political science, the common good (also commonwealth, common weal or general welfare) is a term of art, referring to either what is shared and beneficial for all or most members of a given community, or alternatively, what is achieved by citizenship, collective action, and active participation in the realm of politics and public service. The concept of the common good differs significantly among philosophical doctrines. Early conceptions of the common good were set out by Ancient Greek philosophers, including Aristotle and Plato. One understanding of the common good rooted in Aristotle's philosophy remains in common usage today, referring to what one contemporary scholar calls the "good proper to, and attainable only by, the community, yet individually shared by its members." The concept of common good developed through the work of political theorists, moral philosophers, and public economists, including Thomas Aquinas, Niccolò Machiavelli, John Locke, Jean-Jacques Rousseau, James Madison, Adam Smith, Karl Marx, John Stuart Mill, John Rawls, and many other thinkers. In contemporary economic theory, "a" common good is any good which is rivalrous yet non-excludable, while "the" common good, by contrast, arises in the subfield of welfare economics and refers to the outcome of a social welfare function. Such a social welfare function, in turn, would be rooted in a moral theory of the good (such as utilitarianism). Social choice theory aims to understand processes by which the common good may or may not be realized in societies through the study of collective decision rules. And public choice theory applies microeconomic methodology to the study of political science in order to explain how private interests affect political activities and outcomes.

neg: Relations of production Relations of production (German: "Produktionsverhältnisse") is a concept frequently used by Karl Marx and Friedrich Engels in their theory of historical materialism and in "Das Kapital". It is first explicitly used in Marx's published book "The Poverty of Philosophy", although Marx and Engels had already defined the term in "The German Ideology".

neg: Amour-propre Amour-propre (French, "self-love") is a concept in the philosophy of Jean-Jacques Rousseau that esteem depends upon the opinion of others. Rousseau contrasts it with "amour de soi", which also means "self-love", but which does not involve seeing oneself as others see one. According to Rousseau, "amour de soi" is more primitive and is compatible with wholeness and happiness, while "amour-propre" is an unnatural form of self-love that arose only with the appearance of society and individuals' consequent ability to compare themselves with one another. Rousseau thought that "amour-propre" was subject to corruption, thereby causing vice and misery.

neg: Two Treatises of Government Two Treatises of Government (or Two Treatises of Government: In the Former, The False Principles, and Foundation of Sir Robert Filmer, and His Followers, Are Detected and Overthrown. The Latter Is an Essay Concerning The True Original, Extent, and End of Civil Government) is a work of political philosophy published anonymously in 1689 by John Locke. The "First Treatise" attacks patriarchalism in the form of sentence-by-sentence refutation of Robert Filmer's "Patriarcha", while the "Second Treatise" outlines Locke's ideas for a more civilized society based on natural rights and contract theory.

neg: Étienne-Gabriel Morelly Étienne-Gabriel Morelly (] ; 1717, Vitry-le-François – 1778) was a French utopian thinker and novelist. An otherwise "obscure tax official", Morelly wrote two books on education and a critique of Montesquieu. As well he is thought to be (perhaps erroneously) the author of "The Code of Nature," which was published anonymously in France in 1755. This book, a basis of thought for later socialist and Communist thinkers, criticized the society of his day, promoted a social order without avarice and proposed a constitution intended to lead to an egalitarian society without property, marriage, church or police.

neg: Kantian ethics Kantian ethics refers to a deontological ethical theory ascribed to the German philosopher Immanuel Kant. The theory, developed as a result of Enlightenment rationalism, is based on the view that the only intrinsically good thing is a good will; an action can only be good if its maximthe principle behind itis duty to the moral law. Central to Kant's construction of the moral law is the categorical imperative, which acts on all people, regardless of their interests or desires. Kant formulated the categorical imperative in various ways. His principle of universalizability requires that, for an action to be permissible, it must be possible to apply it to all people without a contradiction occurring. His formulation of humanity as an end in itself requires that humans are never treated merely as a means to an end, but always also as ends in themselves. The formulation of autonomy concludes that rational agents are bound to the moral law by their own will, while Kant's concept of the Kingdom of Ends requires that people act as if the principles of their actions establish a law for a hypothetical kingdom. Kant also distinguished between perfect and imperfect duties. A perfect duty, such as the duty not to lie, always holds true; an imperfect duty, such as the duty to give to charity, can be made flexible and applied in particular time and place.

neg: Rights of Man Rights of Man (1791), a book by Thomas Paine, including 31 articles, posits that popular political revolution is permissible when a government does not safeguard the natural rights of its people. Using these points as a base it defends the French Revolution against Edmund Burke's attack in "Reflections on the Revolution in France" (1790).

neg: Contractualism Contractualism is a term in philosophy that refers either to a family of political theories in the social contract tradition (when used in this sense, the term is synonymous with contractarianism), or to the ethical theory developed in recent years by T. M. Scanlon, especially in his book "What We Owe to Each Other".

neg: Foucault–Habermas debate The Foucault–Habermas debate is a dispute concerning whether Michel Foucault's ideas of "power analytics" and "genealogy" or Jürgen Habermas's ideas of "communicative rationality" and "discourse ethics" provide a better critique of the nature of "power" within society. The debate compares and evaluates the central ideas of Habermas and Foucault as they pertain to questions of power, reason, ethics, modernity, democracy, civil society, and social action.

neg: Emile, or On Education Emile, or On Education or Émile, or Treatise on Education (French: "Émile, ou De l’éducation" ) is a treatise on the nature of education and on the nature of man written by Jean-Jacques Rousseau, who considered it to be the "best and most important" of all his writings. Due to a section of the book entitled "Profession of Faith of the Savoyard Vicar", "Emile" was banned in Paris and Geneva and was publicly burned in 1762, the year of its first publication. During the French Revolution, "Emile" served as the inspiration for what became a new national system of education.


query: Suicide in China, while being lower than in Japan, seems to be a more common practice among women than men, while in Japan, it appears to be more common among men, what is the rate of male suicides in Japan?

pos: Suicide in China Suicide in China has a long history as a cultural practice. Commemoration of Qu Yuan's patriotic suicide is popularly considered the basis for the annual Dragon Boat Festival. Study of modern suicide in China is complicated by political concerns which cause official statistics to vary (sometimes greatly) from the findings of independent studies. Generally speaking, China seems to have a lower suicide rate than neighboring Korea and Japan, with the practice more common among women than men and more common in the Yangtze Basin than elsewhere.

pos: Suicide in Japan Suicide in Japan has become a significant national social issue. In 2014 on average 70 Japanese people committed suicide every day, and the vast majority were men. Japan has a relatively high suicide rate compared to other countries, but the number of suicides is declining and as of 2013 has been under 30,000 for three consecutive years. Seventy-one percent of suicides in Japan were male, and it is the leading cause of death in men aged 20–44. By 2016, suicide rates had reached a 22-year low of 21,764, that is, men decreased by 1,664 to 15,017 and women decreased by 597 to 6,747.

neg: Chinaman (term) Chinaman (female variant: Chinawoman) is a potentially contentious English language term that denotes a Chinese man or person, or as a Chinese national, or, in some cases, an indiscriminate term for a person native to geographical East Asia or of perceived East Asian race. Although the term has no negative connotations in older dictionaries, and the usage of such parallel compound terms as Englishman, Frenchman and Irishman remain unobjectionable, the term "Chinaman" is noted as offensive by modern dictionaries. Its derogatory connotations evolved from its use in pejorative contexts regarding the Chinese and other Asians. While usage of the term "Chinaman" is nowadays strongly discouraged by Asian American organizations, the term has been used by English speakers of Chinese descent and others, without offensive intent, and has also been used as a self-referential archetype by authors and artists of Asian descent.

neg: Martyrdom in Chinese culture The concept of martyrdom in China was largely developed by the Tongmenghui and the Kuomintang party during the Xinhai Revolution, Northern Expedition, and Second Sino-Japanese War.

neg: Health in Iceland Iceland had the third-lowest mortality in Europe, at 355 per 100,000 population in 2015. It had the lowest rate of male smokers in Europe—17%.

neg: Health in Germany Germany ranked 20th in the world in life expectancy in 2014 with 76.5 years for men and 82.1 years for women. It had a very low infant mortality rate (4.3 per 1,000 live births), and it was eighth place in the number of practicing physicians, at per 1,000 people (3.3).

neg: Missing women The term "missing women" indicates a shortfall in the number of women relative to the expected number of women in a region or country. It is most often measured through male-to-female sex ratios, and is theorized to be caused by sex-selective abortions, female infanticide, and inadequate healthcare and nutrition for female children. It is argued that technologies that enable prenatal sex selection, which have been commercially available since the 1970s, are a large impetus for missing female children.

neg: Rape statistics Statistics on rape and other sexual assaults are commonly available in industrialized countries, and are becoming more common throughout the world. Inconsistent definitions of rape, different rates of reporting, recording, prosecution and conviction for rape create controversial statistical disparities, and lead to accusations that many rape statistics are unreliable or misleading. In some jurisdictions, male-female rape is the only form of rape counted in the statistics. Countries may or may not criminalize marital rape. The Centers for Disease Control and prevention maintains statistics for the US.

neg: Child health in Uganda Children in Uganda are regularly exposed to many preventable health risks. According to the WHO, the country ranks 175th out of 193 eligible countries in life expectancy. The country also ranks 168 out of 188 in infant mortality rates, with a lower rank reflecting lower infant mortality. There are many cultural factors influencing the current health status of Uganda including the negative stigmas associated with sex, and the wood-burning stoves. The former of these has resulted in a severe lack in education and communication necessary to improve the health and well-being of children.

neg: Sex differences in medicine Sex differences in medicine include sex-specific diseases or conditions which occur "only" in people of one sex (for example, prostate cancer in males or uterine cancer in females); sex-related diseases, which are diseases that are more common to one sex (for example, systemic lupus erythematosus occurs predominantly in females); and diseases which occur at similar rates in males and females but manifest differently according to sex (for example, peripheral artery disease). Sex differences in medicine should not be confused with gender differences. The Institute of Medicine recognizes sex differences as biological at the chromosomal level, whereas gender differences are based on self-representation and other factors including biology, environment and experience. Sex differences in medicine should also not be confused with sexually transmitted diseases, which are diseases that have a significant probability of transmission through sexual contact.

neg: Female infanticide Female infanticide is the deliberate killing of newborn female children. In countries with a history of female infanticide, the modern practice of sex-selective abortion is often discussed as a closely related issue. Female infanticide is a major cause of concern in several nations such as China, India and Pakistan. It has been argued that the "low status" in which women are viewed in patriarchal societies creates a bias against females.

neg: Suicide in Australia In 2017, Channel 10 News reported about 3000 suicides occur each year as of 28 2017 , resulting in impacts on families, friends, workplaces and communities.

neg: Chinese people in Japan Chinese people in Japan consist of migrants from the People's Republic of China and the Republic of China, and the previous imperial dynasties to Japan and their descendants. They have a history going back for centuries.

neg: Rape by gender Rape by gender classifies types of rape by the sex or gender of both the rapist and the victim. This scope includes both rape and sexual assault more generally. Most research indicates that rape affects women disproportionately, with the majority of people convicted being men; however, since the broadening of the definition of rape in 2012 by the FBI, more attention is being given to male rape, including females raping males.

neg: Suicide Behaviors Questionnaire-Revised The Suicide Behaviors Questionnaire-Revised (SBQ-R) is a psychological self-report questionnaire designed to identify risk factors for suicide in children and adolescents between ages 13 and 18. The four-question test is filled out by the child and takes approximately five minutes to complete. The questionnaire has been found to be reliable and valid in recent studies. One study demonstrated that the SBQ-R had high internal consistency with a sample of university students. However, another body of research, which evaluated some of the most commonly used tools for assessing suicidal thoughts and behaviors in college-aged students, found that the SBQ-R and suicide assessment tools in general have very little overlap between them. One of the greatest strengths of the SBQ-R is that, unlike some other tools commonly used for suicidality assessment, it asks about future anticipation of suicidal thoughts or behaviors as well as past and present ones and includes a question about lifetime suicidal ideation, plans to commit suicide, and actual attempts.

neg: Suicide in Sweden Sweden has a suicide rate which is below the OECD average. During the 1960s, Sweden had one of the highest reported suicide rates in the First World, but it declined as methods for measuring were standardized internationally.

neg: Kosaburo Eto Eto Kosaburo (江藤 小三郎 20 April 1946 – 11 February 1969) was a Japanese nationalist, thinker, social activist, Japan Ground Self-Defense Force official, and member of a leading Japanese political family. He is best known for committing suicide through self-immolation as a nationalist protest in front of the Japanese Houses of Parliament.

neg: HIV/AIDS in Japan HIV/AIDS in Japan has been recognized as a serious health issue in recent years. However, overall awareness amongst the general population of Japan regarding sexually transmitted infections, including HIV/AIDS, remains low.

neg: Suicide in Bhutan Suicide in Bhutan in recent years has become a notable phenomenon in the small Himalayan kingdom, which promotes Gross National Happiness as a government policy. As the Kingdom of Bhutan adheres to Tibetan Buddhism for its state religion, the mere discussion of suicide and the means of tackling it have been generally seen as socially taboo amongst most Bhutanese.

neg: Burmese people in Japan There is a small population of Burmese people in Japan (在日ミャンマー人, 在日ビルマ人 , Zainichi Myanmājin, Zainichi Birumajin ) . Statistics from Japan's MOJ show 13,737 Burmese nationals residing in Japan

neg: List of suicide sites The following is a list of current and historic sites frequently chosen to commit suicide, usually by jumping. Some of the sites listed have installed suicide barriers, and other precautions, such as crisis hotline phones.

neg: Human trafficking in South Korea The Republic of Korea is primarily a source for the trafficking of women and girls within the country and to the United States (often through Canada and Mexico), Japan, Hong Kong, Guam, Australia, New Zealand, Canada, and Western Europe for the purpose of commercial sexual exploitation. Women from Russia, Uzbekistan, Kazakhstan, Mongolia, the People’s Republic of China (P.R.C.), North Korea, the Philippines, Thailand, Cambodia, and other Southeast Asian countries are recruited to work in South Korea, and a significant number of these women are trafficked for sexual exploitation and domestic servitude. An increasing challenge for the ROK is the number of women from less developed Asian countries who are recruited for marriage to Korean men through international marriage brokers; a significant number are misled about living conditions, financial status, and expectations of their Korean husbands. Some, upon arrival in South Korea, are subjected to conditions of sexual exploitation, debt bondage, and involuntary servitude. Some employers continued to withhold the passports of foreign workers, a practice that can be used as a means to coerce forced labor. South Korean men continue to be a significant source of demand for child sex tourism in Southeast Asia and the Pacific Islands.


query: Who has won more titles, Michael Chang or Ellis Ferreira?

pos: Ellis Ferreira Ellis Ferreira (born 19 February 1970 in Pretoria, South Africa) is a former professional male tennis player from South Africa. He played collegiately at the University of Alabama, earning all-SEC and all-American honors. He won 2 Grand Slam doubles titles, the Men's title at the 2000 Australian Open with Rick Leach and the mixed doubles at the Australian Open with Corina Morariu in 2001. Ferreira was named the Senior Assistant Men's and Women's Tennis Head Coach at Washington College in Chestertown, Maryland, in July 2007. Ferreira is now the co-owner of the Eagleton/ Ferreira Tennis Academy on Longboat Key in Florida (www.eftennis.com).

pos: Michael Chang Michael Te-Pei Chang (born February 22, 1972) is a retired American professional tennis player. He won 34 top-level professional singles titles, including the 1989 French Open when he was 17. He also was a three-time runner-up at the majors and reached a career best ranking of world No. 2 in 1996. Since he was shorter than virtually all of his opponents, he played a dogged defensive style utilizing his quickness and speed. In 2008, he was inducted into the International Tennis Hall of Fame, and he has coached Kei Nishikori since 2014.

neg: 2006 Australian Open – Men's Singles Marat Safin was the defending champion but pulled out due to an injury. Roger Federer defeated unseeded Marcos Baghdatis, 5–7, 7–5, 6–0, 6–2, in the final to take his second Australian Open title.

neg: 2015 China Open – Men's Singles Novak Djokovic was the three-time defending champion and successfully defended his title, defeating Rafael Nadal in the final, 6–2, 6–2. It was his 6th title in Beijing and brought his record at the tournament to 29–0.

neg: Calabasas Pro Tennis Championships The Calabasas Pro Tennis Championships is a tennis tournament held in Calabasas, California, United States since 2001. The event is part of the ATP Challenger Tour and is played on outdoor hard courts. Former French Open champion Michael Chang won the event in 2002.

neg: Chang Kai-chen Chang Kai-chen (; born January 13, 1991) is a Taiwanese tennis player.

neg: Thomas Almeida Thomas Guimarães Almeida (born July 31, 1991) is a Brazilian professional mixed martial artist who competes in the Bantamweight division of the Ultimate Fighting Championship. A professional competitor since 2011, Almeida has also formerly competed for Legacy FC where he became the Legacy FC Bantamweight Champion, vacating the title shortly after signing with the UFC. As of 1 June 2016, he is #10 in official UFC bantamweight rankings.

neg: Alexandre Ferreira (fighter) Alexandre "Cacareco" Ferreira (born in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil) is a professional mixed martial artist.

neg: Marcel Ferreira Marcel Wenceslau Ferreira (born January 17, 1981, in São Paulo) is a Brazilian taekwondo practitioner, who competed in the men's flyweight category. He pocketed both a Pan American and South American titles in his own division, picked up a bronze medal at the 2007 World Taekwondo Championships in Beijing, China, and represented his nation Brazil at the 2004 Summer Olympics. Ferreira is also the elder brother of taekwondo jin Márcio Wenceslau, who later competed in the same category at the 2008 Summer Olympics in Beijing.

neg: 2014 Andy Murray tennis season The 2014 Andy Murray tennis season began at the Qatar Open. He was defending titles in Miami and at Queen's Club, as well as at Wimbledon. However, he failed to retain any of these, losing to Novak Djokovic, Radek Štěpánek and Grigor Dimitrov at each of these tournaments.

neg: 2012 Aircel Chennai Open The 2012 Aircel Chennai Open was a 2012 ATP World Tour tennis tournament, played on outdoor hard courts. It was the 17th edition of the only ATP tournament taking place in India and took place at the SDAT Tennis Stadium in Chennai, India. It was held from 2 to 8 January. Stanislas Wawrinka was the defending singles champion coming into the tournament but was knocked out in the quarterfinals. Former champion Marin Čilić was originally in the field as the 4th seed before pulling out with a patellar tendon injury. Finally, fourth seed Milos Raonic from Canada defeated world no. 9 and top seeded Serb Janko Tipsarević to win only his second ATP title. Raonic became the first player since Roger Federer in 2008 to win an ATP title without losing a serve. The doubles title went to the Indo-Serb pair of Leander Paes and Janko Tipsarević after they defeated the Israeli pair of Jonathan Erlich and Andy Ram.

neg: 2011 Chang-Sat Bangkok Open – Doubles Gong Maoxin and Li Zhe were the defending champions, but Lee Hsin-han and Christopher Rungkat defeated them in the quarterfinals.

neg: David Lazari David Lazari (born 30 April 1989) is a Brazilian footballer who currently plays as an attacking midfielder for Hong Kong Premier League club Tai Po.

neg: 2000 du Maurier Open – Men's Singles The 2000 du Maurier Open – Men's Singles was the men's singles event of the one hundred and eleventh edition of the Canadian Open; a WTA Tier I tournament and the most prestigious men's tennis tournament held in Canada. Thomas Johansson was the defending champion, but lost in the second round to Wayne Ferreira. Marat Safin won in the final 6–2, 6–3, against Harel Levy.

neg: 1993 Wimbledon Championships – Men's Doubles John McEnroe and Michael Stich were the defending champions but only Stich competed that year with Wayne Ferreira.

neg: 2004 Chennai Open The 2004 Chennai Open was a men's tennis tournament played on outdoor hard courts at the SDAT Tennis Stadium in Chennai in India and was part of the International Series of the 2004 ATP Tour. The tournament ran from 5 January through 11 January 2004. Carlos Moyá won the singles title.

neg: 2001 Stuttgart Masters – Doubles Jiří Novák and David Rikl were the defending champions but lost in the semifinals to Ellis Ferreira and Jeff Tarango.

neg: 2000 Heineken Open – Singles Second-seeded Magnus Norman defeated Michael Chang 3–6, 6–3, 7–5 in the final to win the singles competition at the 2000 Heineken Open men's tennis tournament. Tommy Haas was the defending champion.

neg: 2011 São Léo Open – Doubles Franco Ferreiro and Rubén Ramírez Hidalgo won the title, defeating Gastão Elias and Frederico Gil 6–7, 6–3, [11–9] in the final.

neg: 2010 Aberto de Brasília – Singles Ricardo Mello did ot defend his 2009 title, losing to eventual champion Tatsuma Ito in the semifinals.

neg: 1993 OTB International Open – Singles Wayne Ferreira was the defending champion, but did not participate this year.

neg: 2010 Barcelona Open Banco Sabadell – Doubles Daniel Nestor and Nenad Zimonjić defend their 2009 title. They defeated Lleyton Hewitt and Mark Knowles in the final (4–6, 6–3, [10-5]).