query: Life in the Fast Lane was on an album that was the Eagles what studio album?

pos: Life in the Fast Lane "Life in the Fast Lane" is a song written by Joe Walsh, Glenn Frey and Don Henley and recorded by the American rock band the Eagles on their 1976 studio album "Hotel California". It was the third single released from this album, and peaked at No. 11 on the "Billboard" Hot 100.

pos: Hotel California (Eagles album) Hotel California is the fifth studio album by American rock band the Eagles, and is one of the best-selling albums of all time. Three singles were released from the album, each reaching high in the "Billboard" Hot 100: "New Kid in Town" (number 1), "Hotel California" (number 1), and "Life in the Fast Lane" (number 11). The album became the band's best-selling album after "Their Greatest Hits (1971–1975)", with over 16 million copies sold in the U.S. alone and over 32 million copies sold worldwide. The album was ranked number 37 on "Rolling Stone"'s list of "The 500 Greatest Albums of All Time".

neg: 18 and Life "18 and Life" is a song by American heavy metal band Skid Row. It was released in June 1989 as the second single from their eponymous debut album. The song was to be the band's biggest hit, reaching No. 4 on the US "Billboard" Hot 100 and No. 11 on the Mainstream Rock Tracks chart. It was named the 60th best hard rock song of all time by VH1. It was certified Gold on September 13, 1989, when it sold 500,000 copies.

neg: On the Border On the Border is the third studio album by American rock group the Eagles, released in 1974. Apart from two songs produced by Glyn Johns, it was produced by Bill Szymczyk because the group wanted a more rock‑oriented sound instead of the country-rock feel of the first two albums. It is the first Eagles album to feature guitarist Don Felder. "On the Border" reached number 17 on the "Billboard" album chart and has sold two million copies.

neg: American Football (2016 album) American Football is the second studio album by American rock band American Football. The album was released on October 21, 2016 through Polyvinyl. Following the release of their debut self-titled album in September 1999, the group broke up. In April 2014, the group announced they would be reforming for a number of live performances, playing shows through the year and into 2015. In early 2016, they began recording the second album with Jason Cupp at ARC Studios in Omaha, Nebraska, and at SHIRK Studios in Chicago, Illinois.

neg: 311 (album) 311 is the third studio album by American rock band 311. The album, often referred to as "The Blue Album", was released July 11, 1995. The album contained three successful singles, "Don't Stay Home", "All Mixed Up", and "Down", resulting in the band's mainstream breakthrough. It has been certified triple platinum with sales over three million albums. The album, unlike the first two, was recorded live.

neg: Kill 'Em All Kill 'Em All is the debut studio album by the American heavy metal band Metallica, released on July 25, 1983, by the independent record label Megaforce Records. "Kill 'Em All" is regarded as a groundbreaking album for thrash metal because of its precise musicianship, which fuses new wave of British heavy metal riffs with hardcore punk tempos. The album's musical approach and lyrics were markedly different from rock's mainstream of the early 1980s and inspired a number of bands who followed in similar manner. The album did not enter the "Billboard" 200 until 1986, when it peaked at number 155, following Metallica's commercial success with its third studio album "Master of Puppets"; the 1988 Elektra reissue peaked at number 120. "Kill 'Em All" was critically praised at the time of its release and in retrospect, and was placed on a few publications' best album lists. It was certified 3× Platinum by the Recording Industry Association of America (RIAA) in 1999 for shipping three million copies in the United States. The album generated two singles, "Whiplash" and "Jump in the Fire".

neg: Get Over It (Eagles song) "Get Over It" is a song by the Eagles released as a single after a fourteen-year breakup. It was also the first song written by bandmates Don Henley and Glenn Frey when the band reunited. "Get Over It" was played live for the first time during their "Hell Freezes Over" tour in 1994. It returned the band to the U.S. Top 40 after a fourteen-year absence, peaking at No. 31 on the "Billboard" Hot 100 chart. It also hit No. 4 on the "Billboard" Mainstream Rock Tracks chart. The song was not played live by the Eagles after the "Hell Freezes Over" tour in 1994. It remains the group's last Top 40 hit in the U.S.

neg: Rock of Life Rock of Life is an album by Australian singer-songwriter Rick Springfield, issued by RCA Records in 1988. The record peaked at a modest #55 on the "Billboard" album chart, selling approximately 350,000 copies in United States. It was the least successful of Springfield's RCA releases.

neg: That's Life (Frank Sinatra album) That's Life is a 1966 album by Frank Sinatra, supported by a studio orchestra arranged and conducted by Ernie Freeman. The album is notable for its title song, "That's Life", which proved to be a top five hit for Sinatra in the age of the rock music phenomenon.

neg: John David Souther (album) John David Souther is the self-titled debut album by American singer-songwriter J.D. Souther, released in 1972 (see 1972 in music). The song "How Long" was recorded in 2007 by the Eagles on their album "Long Road Out of Eden", from which it was released as a single.

neg: Mad Love (JoJo album) Mad Love (stylized as Mad Love.) is the third studio album by American singer-songwriter JoJo. The album was released on October 14, 2016, through Atlantic Records. Incorporating a base core of R&B, pop and soul music, JoJo wanted the album to take fans through a journey from beginning to end while not only being for her but relatable to all the fans who stuck by her though her years in limbo and really be the "soundtrack to peoples lives". It serves as her first major official release in a decade following 2006's "The High Road". A deluxe edition of the album featuring 4 bonus tracks, was released simultaneously alongside the eleven-track standard edition. JoJo co-wrote every song on the album while also vocal producing every song. The album was JoJo's only album release under Atlantic Records, as she left in August 2017 to form her own label under Interscope Records.

neg: 200 km/h in the Wrong Lane 200 km/h in the Wrong Lane is the debut English studio album by Russian duo t.A.T.u., first released on 10 December 2002 by Interscope Records. It is the duo's first studio album to be associated with Interscope after signing to Universal Music Russia, the label they signed to in 1998. Due to the duo's lack of English vocabulary, the album was produced and written by producers such as Trevor Horn, Martin Kierszenbaum, Sergio Galoyan, Robert Orton and Ivan Shapovalov, who was placed as the duo's manager and executive producer. "200 km/h" lyrically explores themes such as teenage rebellion, love, sexuality, sadness, independence and social rebellion.

neg: Something Worth Leaving Behind Something Worth Leaving Behind is the fourth studio album from Lee Ann Womack, released in 2002. It peaked on the "Billboard" 200 at #16 and the Top Country Albums at #2. Two singles were released from the album; the title-track (a Top 20 hit) and "Forever Everyday". This was also the first album of Womack's career not to produce a Top Ten country hit.

neg: You Can't Argue with a Sick Mind You Can't Argue with a Sick Mind (subtitled "Recorded Live") is a live solo album by the American singer-songwriter and multi-instrumentalist Joe Walsh. The album was released in early 1976, on the label ABC Records. It was recorded live just before Walsh joined the Eagles, who also play on "Help Me Through the Night". This was Walsh's first and final album to be released by ABC Records. It was re-issued three years later by MCA Records in 1979.

neg: Dear Life (album) Dear Life is the fifth studio album recorded by Canadian country music duo High Valley and the group's debut major-label release. It was released on November 18, 2016 through Atlantic Records and Warner Music Nashville. The American track listing for the album features two tracks from the duo's previous album, "County Line" (2014), in place of two of the newly recorded songs, notably removing the Canadian lead single, "Every Week's Got a Friday" in favour of "Make You Mine".

neg: BulletBoys (album) BulletBoys is the self-titled first album from the American glam metal band BulletBoys, released in 1988. It features the hit "Smooth Up in Ya" as well as a cover of The O'Jay's song "For the Love of Money". The album reached No. 34 in the "Billboard" 200 chart and was certified gold in 1989 selling over 500,000 copies.

neg: Eagles Fly "Eagles Fly" is a song written and performed by Sammy Hagar from his album "I Never Said Goodbye". It was released in October 1987 as the third single from the album. It peaked at number 82 on the U.S. "Billboard" Hot 100 and at number 22 on the "Billboard" Album Rock Tracks.

neg: Walkaway Joe "Walkaway Joe" is a song written by Vince Melamed and Greg Barnhill, and recorded by American country music singer Trisha Yearwood, with background vocals from Don Henley of the Eagles. It was released in November 1992 as the second single from her album "Hearts in Armor". The song reached number 2 on the U.S. "Billboard" country charts. Matthew McConaughey appears as the male lead in the music video.

neg: A Matter of Life and Death (album) A Matter of Life and Death is the fourteenth studio album by English heavy metal band Iron Maiden, released on 25 August 2006 in Italy and Finland, and 28 August worldwide, excluding the US, Canada and Japan on 5 September. It is the first album in Iron Maiden's career to enter the US "Billboard" charts in the top 10, achieving significant chart success in many other countries as well.

neg: Still Life (Fates Warning album) Still Life is a live album by progressive metal band Fates Warning, released in 1998. The Japanese release of this album includes a studio cover version of the Scorpions song "In Trance" (Track 8 on Disc II).

neg: Life (Ricky Martin album) Life is the eighth album by Ricky Martin. It was released on October 10, 2005 in Europe, October 11, 2005 in the US and October 19, 2005 in Japan. It is his sixth album marketed in the United States and is his third album in English


query: Who served as trustee of the university originally called Russell Creek Academy for fifty-six years?

pos: Forest Shely Forest Franklin Shely (June 20, 1924 – August 30, 2010) was a physician from Campbellsville, Kentucky, who served as a trustee at the Baptist-affiliated Campbellsville University for fifty-six years.

pos: Campbellsville University Campbellsville University (CU) is a private university in Campbellsville, Kentucky, United States. Founded as Russell Creek Academy, a Baptist institution, the university currently enrolls more than 3,000 students and is open to students of all denominations. The university offers associate, bachelor's, and master's degrees.

neg: James Russell (Scottish politician) Sir James Alexander Russell (6 April 1846 in Glassellan House, Skye – 22 January 1918 in Edinburgh) was a Scottish physician who served as Lord Provost of Edinburgh (1891–94). He was a pioneer in the development of public health services.

neg: Norristown Academy Norristown Academy was a private preparatory academy established in 1805 in Norristown, Pennsylvania. Many prominent people have been educated there, including Major General Winfield Scott Hancock, Governor David Rittenhouse Porter, James Madison Porter, and Samuel Medary. It was torn down in 1829.

neg: Charles Fish Charles Everett Fish (May 26, 1854 – October 23, 1916) was an American educator and the sixth principal of Phillips Exeter Academy.

neg: James Henry Russell James Henry Russell is the President of Texarkana College, Texarkana.

neg: Russell Hunt Fifield Russell Hunt Fifield (21 February 1914 - 2 June 2003) was professor emeritus of political science at the University of Michigan. He was a specialist in the politics of American involvement in Southeast Asia.

neg: Elizabeth Bender Roe Cloud Elizabeth Bender Roe Cloud (April 2, 1887–September 16, 1965) was an Ojibwe activist and educator. A product of the Native American Boarding School System, she graduated with teaching credentials from the Hampton Institute and taught from 1908 though 1916. She then joined her husband and helped administer the American Indian Institute of Wichita, Kansas for twenty-five years. In the 1940s, she founded the Oregon Trails Women's Club with tribe members from the Umatilla Indian Reservation. She served as the National Chair of Indian Welfare for the General Federation of Women's Clubs for eight years, the first American Indian to hold the post. Roe Cloud received the National Mother of the Year award in 1950 and in 1952, she was honored as the "Outstanding Indian" of the year by the American Indian Exposition of Anadarko, Oklahoma. She is noted for having used her influence as an educated indigenous woman to advocate for Native American self-determination.

neg: History of the University of Arkansas The History of the University of Arkansas began with its establishment in Fayetteville, Arkansas, in 1871 under the Morrill Act, as the Arkansas Industrial College. Over the period of its nearly 140-year history, the school has grown from two small buildings on a hilltop to a university with diverse colleges and prominent graduate programs. Its presidents have included Civil War general Daniel Harvey Hill, John C. Futrall, and J. William Fulbright.

neg: Russell Williams II Russell Williams II (born October 14, 1952) is an American production sound mixer. He has won two Academy Awards for Best Sound. He has worked on over 50 films since 1976. He is a full-time professor and Distinguished Artist in Residence at the American University School of Communication in Washington, DC.

neg: Seminary Square Park Seminary Square Park, also known as the Seminary Park, is a historic public park located at Bloomington, Monroe County, Indiana. It was established in 1816 by an Act of Congress as the original site of Indiana Seminary, a preparatory school that by 1838 became Indiana University. The first building was erected on the site in 1824, and it remained the school campus until Indiana University moved to its new campus in 1883. The Old College building, built in 1854, remained in use as a school until destroyed by fire in 1967. The site was subsequently established as a public park in 1975.

neg: John Harvey Kellogg John Harvey Kellogg, M.D. (February 26, 1852 – December 14, 1943) was an American medical doctor, nutritionist, inventor, health activist, and businessman. He was the director of the Battle Creek Sanitarium in Battle Creek, Michigan. The sanitarium was founded by members of the Seventh-Day Adventist Church. It combined aspects of a European spa, a hydrotherapy institution, a hospital and a high-class hotel. Kellogg treated both the rich and famous and the poor who could not go to other hospitals.

neg: Webster Merrifield Webster Merrifield (July 27, 1852 - January 22, 1916) was an American educator and academic who served as the third President of the University of North Dakota from 1891 to 1909. Called the Father of Secondary Education in North Dakota, he was responsible for widespread standard reform among the states high schools and secondary schools. During his tenure as UND President he oversaw the creation of both its Law School and Medical School, and is credited with developing the University into a nationally recognized institution. Merrifield Hall, UND's Liberal Arts building, is named in his honor.

neg: East Central University East Central University (shortened to ECU or East Central) is a public, co-educational teaching university located in Ada, in the south central region of the U.S. State of Oklahoma. East Central one of the six universities that are part of Oklahoma's Regional University System. Beyond its flagship campus is Ada, the university has courses available in McAlester, Shawnee, Ardmore, and Durant, as well as online courses. Nearly 4,500 students are enrolled in the school's undergraduate and graduate programs. Founded as East Central State Normal School in 1909, its present name was adopted in 1985. Some of its more famous alumni include former NFL player Mark Gastineau, past governors Robert S. Kerr and George Nigh, former U.S. Representative Lyle Boren, Oklahoma Supreme Court Justice Tom Colbert, and U.S. Army General James D. Thurman.

neg: Shirley Fletcher Horn Shirley Fletcher Horn is the first Chancellor of Algoma University. Born in Chapleau, Ontario Horn attended the St. John's Indian Residential School (Chapleau, Ontario) and the Shingwauk Indian Residential School (Sault Ste Marie, Ontario). She is well known for her advocacy work relating to the legacy of residential schools in Canada. She is a member of Missanabie Cree First Nation and she served as Missanabie's Chief for ten years.

neg: Donald Russell (American football) Donald M. Russell is a former American football coach. He was the head football coach at Wesleyan University from 1964 to 1970 and has the highest winning percentage (.661) of any Wesleyan football coach with more than two years as head coach.

neg: Samuel Russell (Yale co-founder) Samuel Russell (November 4, 1660 – June 24, 1731) was one of the founders of Yale University. He was born in Hadley, Massachusetts, graduated from Harvard College class of 1681 and was ordained in 1687. He settled in Deerfield, Massachusetts and moved to Branford, Connecticut where he officiated and died. The founders of Yale University met in his study in Branford to contribute their books to the founding of the University. He was the second son of Rev. John Russell of Hadley, Massachusetts.

neg: University of Saint Mary of the Lake The University of Saint Mary of the Lake, also called Mundelein Seminary, is the principal seminary and school of theology for the formation of priests in the Roman Catholic Archdiocese of Chicago, governed from Chicago, Illinois, in the United States. It is recognized as the first institution of higher education in the City of Chicago. Chartered by the Illinois General Assembly in 1844, it has the longest continuous academic charter in the state of Illinois.

neg: John W. Ryan John William Ryan (August 12, 1929 – August 6, 2011) was an American academic administrator who most notably served as the President of Indiana University for sixteen years.

neg: Hollins University Hollins University is a four-year private institution of higher education located on a 475 acre campus on the border of Roanoke and Botetourt counties in the U.S. state of Virginia. Founded in 1842 as Valley Union Seminary in the historical settlement of Botetourt Springs, it is one of the oldest institutions of higher education for women in the United States.

neg: Richard H. Rivers Richard H. Rivers (also known as Richard Henderson Rivers and R.H. Rivers) was a nineteenth-century educator. He was president of Centenary College of Louisiana from 1849 to 1853 and subsequently president of La Grange College near Leighton, Alabama, an esteemed early Methodist institution. He also served as president of Centenary Institute in Summerfield, Alabama for a short time. Rivers was instrumental in relocating the fiscally troubled La Grange to nearby Florence in 1855, where it retained its Methodist affiliation and was known variously as Florence Wesleyan and Wesleyan College. Briefly prosperous, college failed during the Civil War after Rivers himself had departed. In the early 1870s, the property was turned over to the state of Alabama, and a normal school was established, known currently as the University of North Alabama.

neg: Charles Frederick Allison Charles Frederick Allison (January 25, 1795 – November 20, 1858) was a Canadian merchant, philanthropist, and the founder of Mount Allison University.


query: What Russian film and theater actor, and director was in a 2006 Russian gothic horror film directed by Oleg Fesenko?

pos: Vedma (The Power of Fear) Vedma (The Power of Fear) (Russian: Ведьма) is a 2006 Russian gothic horror film directed by Oleg Fesenko and starring Valery Nikolaev in the lead.

pos: Valery Nikolaev Valery Valeryevich Nikolaev (Russian: Валерий Валерьевич Николаев ; born 23 August 1965) is a Russian film and theater actor, director.

neg: Alexander Ivashkevich Aleksandr Ivaškevitš in Estonia, and as Aleksander Ivashkevich; Russian: Александр Ивашкевич ) (born April 27, 1960) is a professional theater and movie actor and a tap dancer.

neg: Aleksander Mikołajczak Aleksander Mikołajczak (born 24 January 1953 in Poland) is a Polish film, theatre and dubbing actor.

neg: Hollow Man 2 Hollow Man 2 is a 2006 American science fiction horror film directed by Claudio Fäh and starring Peter Facinelli, Laura Regan and Christian Slater. It is the stand-alone sequel to the film "Hollow Man". It was released direct-to-video on May 23, 2006.

neg: Oleg Menshikov Oleg Evgenyevich Menshikov, (Russian: Оле́г Евге́ньевич Ме́ньшиков ; born 8 November 1960) is a Russian actor, theatre director and occasional singer. He is the current artistic director of the Yermolova Theatre in Moscow.

neg: Putevoy obkhodchik Putevoy obkhodchik (released as Trackman in the US) is a 2007 Russian horror film directed by Igor Shavlak.

neg: Viktor Avilov (actor) Viktor Vasilyevich Avilov (Russian: Ви́ктор Васи́льевич Ави́лов ; August 8, 1953 - August 21, 2004) was a Soviet and Russian film and theater actor, Honored Artist of the Russian Federation (1993).

neg: Oleg Yefremov Oleg Nikolayevich Yefremov (Russian: Оле́г Никола́евич Ефре́мов , October 1, 1927, Moscow, Soviet Union – May 24, 2000, Moscow, Russia) was a Soviet/Russian actor and Moscow Art Theatre producer. He was a People's Artist of the USSR (1976) and a Hero of Socialist Labour (1987).

neg: Viy (1967 film) Viy ("Spirit of Evil" or "Vii", Russian: Вий ) is a 1967 horror film produced by Mosfilm and based on the Nikolai Gogol story of the same name.

neg: Oleg Borisov Oleg Ivanovich Borisov (Russian: Оле́г Ива́нович Бори́сов ; 8 November 1929 – 28 April 1994) was a well-known Russian film and theatre actor, whose honors included the title of People's Artist of the USSR (1978), two USSR State Prizes (1978, 1991) as well as the Volpi Cup (1990).

neg: Oleg Tabakov Oleg Pavlovich Tabakov (Russian: Олег Павлович Табаков ) (born 17 August 1935) is a Soviet and Russian actor and the artistic director of the Moscow Art Theatre.

neg: Heino Ferch Heino Ferch (born 18 August 1963) is a popular German film, theatre and television actor.

neg: Seven and a Half (film) Seven and a Half (Serbian: Sedam i po , Serbian Cyrillic: Седам и по) is a Serbian dark comedy film directed by Miroslav Momčilović. It was released in 2006.

neg: Erik Kurmangaliev Erik Kurmangaliev (December 31, 1959 – November 13, 2007) was a Russian-Kazakh opera singer, actor and a leading public figure in Russia's perestroika music scene.

neg: Andrei Chadov Andrei Aleksandrovich Chadov (Russian: Андрей Александрович Чадов, born 22 May 1980) is a Russian actor.

neg: Aleksandr Fedotov Aleksandr Filippovich Fedotov (Russian: Алекса́ндр Фили́ппович Федо́тов , 1841–1895) was a Russian actor, theater director, and playwright affiliated with the Maly Theater and one of the founders of Moscow's Society of Art and Literature in 1887.

neg: Les Serdyuk Aleksandr Aleksandrovich Serdyuk (Ukrainian: Олекса́ндр Олекса́ндрович Сердю́к ), also known as Les Serdyuk (Ukrainian: Лесь Сердюк ); October 14, 1940 in Kharkiv, Ukrainian SSR – May 26, 2010 in Kiev, Ukraine) was a Soviet and Ukrainian theater and film actor. People's Artist of Ukraine (1996).

neg: Boris Livanov Boris Nikolayevich Livanov (Russian: Бори́с Никола́евич Лива́нов ; 8 May [O.S. 25 April] 1904 —22 September 1972) was a Soviet theater and film actor and a theatre director. People's Artist of the USSR (1948). He was a member of the Moscow Art Theatre from 1924 through 1972.

neg: Egor Beroev Egor Vadimovich Beroev (Russian: Егор Вадимович Бероев ; born 9 October 1977) is a Russian actor of theater. He performed in more than twenty films since 1994.

neg: Vladislav Galkin Vladislav Borisovich Galkin (Russian: Владисла́в Бори́сович Га́лкин ; 25 December 1971 – 25 February 2010) was a highly popular Russian actor who starred in fifty seven films including several TV serials, such as "Spetsnaz" (2002), "The Master and Margarita" (2005–2006) and "Dikari" (2006).

neg: Christoph Letkowski Christoph Letkowski (born 16 June 1982) is a German actor. He appeared in more than forty films since 2006.


query: Linfen and Weihui are both found in what country?

pos: Linfen Linfen is a prefecture-level city in southern Shanxi province, People's Republic of China. It is situated along the banks of the Fen River. It has an area of 20275 km2 and according to the 2010 Census, a population of 4,316,612 inhabitants of which 944,050 live in the built-up (or metro) area made up of Yaodu urban district. GDP of Linfen ranked second in Shanxi Province It was known as Pingyang ( ) during the Spring and Autumn period. In 2006, the American Blacksmith Institute listed Linfen as one of the ten most polluted cities in the world.

pos: Weihui Weihui (), formerly Jixian or Ji County (), is a county-level city in Henan, China. It is under the administration of the prefecture-level city of Xinxiang. The city has an area of 882 km² and a population of 480,000.

neg: Lincang Lincang () is a prefecture-level city located in the southwest of Yunnan province, People's Republic of China.

neg: Lin Xu Lin Xu (1875 – 28 September 1898), courtesy name Tungu (暾谷), was a Chinese politician, scholar, songwriter and poet who lived in the late Qing dynasty. He was also a student of Kang Youwei, a prominent official who was one of the leaders of a reform movement in the late Qing dynasty.

neg: Luoding Luoding, formerly romanized as Loting, is a county-level city in western Guangdong, China. It is administered as part of Yunfu.

neg: Lu'an Lu'an (), is a prefecture-level city in western Anhui province, People's Republic of China, bordering Henan to the northwest and Hubei to the southwest. At the 2010 census, it had a total population of 5,612,590, whom 1,644,344 resided in the built-up area made of 2 urban districts. Neighbouring prefecture-level cities are the provincial capital of Hefei to the east, Anqing to the south, Huanggang (Hubei) and Xinyang (Henan) to the west, and Huainan and Fuyang to the north. Although the character "六 " (literally: "six") is normally pronounced "Liù", in this case it changes to "Lù" on account of the historical literary reading.

neg: Lantian County Lantian County () is under the administration of Xi'an, the capital of Shaanxi province, China. It is the easternmost and second-most spacious (after Zhouzhi County) of the 13 county-level divisions of Xi'an. The county borders the prefecture-level cities of Weinan to the northeast and Shangluo to the southeast, Lintong District to the north, Chang'an District to the west, and Baqiao District to the northwest.

neg: Lianshui County Lianshui County () is under the administration of Huai'an, Jiangsu province, China. The northernmost county-level division of Huai'an, it borders the prefecture-level cities of Lianyungang to the north, Yancheng to the east, and Suqian to the west.

neg: Weixin County Weixin County (威信县; pinyin: Wēixìn Xiàn) is located in Zhaotong prefecture-level city in Yunnan Province, China.

neg: Linzi, Dezhou Linzi () is a town in Linyi County, Dezhou, in northwestern Shandong province, China.

neg: Wei County, Xingtai Wei County or Weixian () is a county of southern Hebei province, China. It is under the administration of Xingtai City, with a population of 540,000 residing in an area of 994 km2 . It is served by G45 Daqing–Guangzhou Expressway and China National Highway 106.

neg: Weizhou, Guangxi Weizhou () is a town of Haicheng District, Beihai, Guangxi, People's Republic of China. The town comprises two Gulf of Tonkin islands Weizhou Island and a smaller 1.89 km² Xieyang Island (斜阳岛), covering an area of 26.63 km2 and with a population of 15,900. It includes 2 neighborhood committees, 9 village committees. , it has 2 residential communities (社区) and 9 villages under its administration.

neg: Wei River (Hebei) Wei River (Hebei) is a river of China. It is part of the Bohai Sea basin.

neg: Laizhou Laizhou, formerly romanized as Laichow, is a county-level city in Yantai Prefecture, Shandong Province, China. As of 2008, Laizhou had a population of 902,000, out of which 188,000 are urban residents.

neg: Liuhuang, Fengshun County Liuhuang is a town located in Fengshun County, Meizhou City, Guangdong Province, China.

neg: Lai'an County Lai'an County is a county of Anhui Province, China, lying between the Yangtze River and the Huai River. It is under the administration of Chuzhou city.

neg: Yi County, Liaoning Yi County or Yixian () is a county in west-central Liaoning Province in Northeast China, and is under the administration of the prefecture-level city of Jinzhou. Fengguo Temple, dating from 1020, is located in the county seat.

neg: Weibin District, Xinxiang Weibin District, Xinxiang () is a district of Henan, China. It is under the administration of the Xinxiang city.

neg: Qinghai Qinghai (; ), formerly known in English as Kokonur, is a province of the People's Republic of China located in the northwest of the country. As one of the largest province-level administrative divisions of China by area, the province is ranked fourth-largest in size, but has the third-smallest population.

neg: Yonghe County Yonghe County is a county of Shanxi, China. It is under the administration of Linfen city.

neg: Duanfen Duanfen () is a village in Taishan, in the southwest of Guangdong province, China. It is located 26 km south of Taicheng Subdistrict.

neg: Lieyu Lieyu Township () is a rural township in Kinmen County, Fujian Province, Taiwan. It is also known as Lesser Kinmen () in which it is an island of the Republic of China, located to the west of the main island of Greater Kinmen and immediately to the east of Xiamen of the People's Republic of China.


query: What was  Achsa W. Sprague best known for?

pos: Achsa W. Sprague Achsa W. Sprague (November 17, 1827 – July 6, 1862) was one of the best-known Spiritualists during the 1850s in the United States. Primarily a medium and trance lecturer, she also wrote articles and poetry for Spiritualist publications such as the "Banner of Light", the "Green Mountain Sibyl", and the "People's World".

pos: Spiritualism Spiritualism is the belief that the spirits of the dead have both the ability and the inclination to communicate with the living. The afterlife, or the "spirit world", is seen by spiritualists, not as a static place, but as one in which spirits continue to evolve. These two beliefs: that contact with spirits is possible, and that spirits are more advanced than humans, lead spiritualists to a third belief, that spirits are capable of providing useful knowledge about moral and ethical issues, as well as about the nature of God. Some spiritualists will speak of a concept which they refer to as "spirit guides"—specific spirits, often contacted, who are relied upon for spiritual guidance. Spiritism, a branch of spiritualism developed by Allan Kardec and today practiced mostly in Continental Europe and Latin America, especially in Brazil, emphasizes reincarnation.

neg: Alabama Christian Movement for Human Rights The Alabama Christian Movement for Human Rights (ACMHR) was a civil rights organization in Birmingham, Alabama, United States, which coordinated boycotts and sponsored federal lawsuits aimed at dismantling segregation in Birmingham and Alabama during the Civil Rights Movement. Fred Shuttlesworth, pastor of Bethel Baptist Church, served as president of the group from its founding in 1956 until 1969. The ACMHR's crowning moment came during the pivotal Birmingham Campaign which it coordinated along with the Southern Christian Leadership Conference during the Spring of 1963.

neg: Allen Spraggett Allen Spraggett (born 1932) is a Canadian writer and broadcaster, known for his works concerning the paranormal.

neg: Phycological Society of America The Phycological Society of America (PSA) is a professional society, founded in 1946, that is dedicated to the advancement of phycology, the study of algae. The PSA is responsible for the publication of "Journal of Phycology" and organizes annual conferences among other events that aid in the advancement of related algal sciences.

neg: American Cancer Society The American Cancer Society (ACS) is a nationwide voluntary health organization dedicated to eliminating cancer. Established in 1913, the society is organized into eleven geographical divisions of both medical and lay volunteers operating in more than 900 offices throughout the United States. Its home office is located in the American Cancer Society Center in Atlanta, Georgia. The ACS publishes the journals "Cancer", "CA: A Cancer Journal for Clinicians" and "Cancer Cytopathology".

neg: Public Welfare Medal The Public Welfare Medal is awarded by the U.S. National Academy of Sciences "in recognition of distinguished contributions in the application of science to the public welfare." It is the most prestigious honor conferred by the Academy. First awarded in 1914, the medal has been awarded annually since 1976.

neg: American Community Survey The American Community Survey (ACS) is an ongoing survey by the U.S. Census Bureau. It regularly gathers information previously contained only in the long form of the decennial census, such as ancestry, educational attainment, income, language proficiency, migration, disability, employment, and housing characteristics. These data are used by many public-sector, private-sector, and not-for-profit stakeholders to allocate funding, track shifting demographics, plan for emergencies, and learn about local communities. Sent to approximately 295,000 addresses monthly (or 3.5 million per year), it is the largest household survey that the Census Bureau administers.

neg: Hugh S. Johnson Hugh Samuel Johnson (August 5, 1881 – April 15, 1942) was a U.S. Army officer, businessman, speech writer, government official and newspaper columnist. He is best known as a member of the Brain Trust of Franklin D. Roosevelt in 1932–34. He wrote numerous speeches for FDR and helped plan the New Deal. Appointed head of the National Recovery Administration (NRA) in 1933, he was highly energetic in his "blue eagle" campaign to reorganize American business to reduce competition and raise wages and prices. Schlesinger (1958) and Ohl (1985) conclude that he was an excellent organizer, but that he was also domineering, abusive, outspoken, and unable to work harmoniously with his peers. The NRA was terminated by a ruling of the Supreme Court, and Johnson left the administration after a little more than a year.

neg: The Best American Science and Nature Writing The Best American Science and Nature Writing is a yearly anthology of popular science magazine articles published in the United States. It was started in 2000 and is part of The Best American Series published by Houghton Mifflin. Articles are chosen using the same procedure with other titles in the Best American series; the series editor chooses about 100 article candidates, from which the guest editor picks 25 or so for publication; the remaining runner-up articles listed in the appendix.

neg: American Legion of Honor The American Legion of Honor was a fraternal benefit order that was active in the late 19th century and early 20th century. In its heyday, it was one of the best known benefit societies.

neg: William Sprague (Michigan) William Sprague (February 23, 1809 – September 19, 1868) was a minister and politician in the U.S. state of Michigan.

neg: C. W. Woodworth Award The C. W. Woodworth Award is an annual award presented by the Pacific Branch of the Entomological Society of America. This award, the PBESA's largest, is for achievement in Entomology in the Pacific region of the United States over the previous ten years. The award is named in honor of Charles W. Woodworth and is principally sponsored by Woodworth's great-grandson, Brian Holden, and his wife, Joann Wilfert, with additional support by Dr. Craig W. and Kathryn Holden, and Dr. Jim and Betty Woodworth.

neg: Ralph McGill Ralph Emerson McGill (February 5, 1898 – February 3, 1969) was an American journalist, best known as an anti-segregationist editor and publisher of the "Atlanta Constitution" newspaper. He was a member of the Peabody Awards Board of Jurors, serving from 1945 to 1968. He won a Pulitzer Prize for editorial writing in 1959.

neg: Jorge Ángel Livraga Rizzi Jorge Ángel Livraga Rizzi (September 3, 1930 – October 7, 1991) was an Argentinian poet, novelist, philosopher, essayist, educator and lecturer of Italian heritage best known for having founded and directed New Acropolis, an international philosophical educational and cultural organisation. He was an academic member of the International Philo-Byzantine Academy and University (IPHBAU) and the International Burckhardt Academy (Italy), a knight of the Real Orden de San Ildefonso y San Atilano, and a recipient of the silver cross from the Société Académique Arts Sciences Lettres (France)

neg: Spragueia apicalis The Yellow Spragueia ("Spragueia apicalis") is a moth of the Noctuidae family. It is also found in North America (including Alabama, Florida, Georgia, Illinois, Kansas, Kentucky, Louisiana, Maryland, Mississippi, Missouri, North Carolina, Ohio, Oklahoma, South Carolina, Tennessee and Texas), Central America (including El Salvador and Costa Rica), Cuba and Peru.

neg: L. W. Rogers Louis William Rogers (May 28, 1859 – April 18, 1953), commonly known as "L.W.," was an American teacher, railway brakeman, trade union functionary, socialist political activist, and newspaper editor. Rogers is best remembered in this context as one of the key officials of the American Railway Union jailed in conjunction with the Pullman Strike of 1894. After more than two decades in and around the labor movement, Rogers shifted his activity to mysticism as a prominent lecturer, writer, and long-time President of the Theosophical Society in America.

neg: Acraga philetera Acraga philetera is a moth in the Dalceridae family. It was described by Schaus in 1910. It is found in Costa Rica.

neg: Roderick Sprague Roderick Sprague III (February 18, 1933 – August 20, 2012) was a renowned American anthropologist, ethnohistorian and historical archaeologist, and the Emeritus Director of the Laboratory of Anthropology at the University of Idaho in Moscow, where he taught for thirty years. He had extensive experience in environmental impact research, trade beads, aboriginal burial customs, and the Columbia Basin area.

neg: Dick Sprague Richard Severn "Dick" Sprague (November 13, 1931 – May 28, 2008) was an American football player. He played college football for the Washington Huskies football team and, as a sophomore, was selected by the Football Writers Association of America as a first-team defensive player on their 1950 College Football All-America Team. Sprague passed on an opportunity to play in the National Football League to study law at Harvard Law School. At Harvard, he also coached football. He worked as an attorney at the Bogle and Gates law firm for 40 years and at Kemper Development Co. in Bellevue, Washington, for several years after that. He died of prostate cancer in 2008 at age 77 at his home in Medina, Washington.

neg: Agnes Sligh Turnbull Agnes Sligh Turnbull (October 14, 1888, New Alexandria, Pennsylvania – January 31, 1982, Livingston, New Jersey) was a bestselling American writer, most noted for her works of historical fiction based in her native Western Pennsylvania.

neg: Marshall Sprague Marshall Sprague (March 14, 1909–September 9, 1994) was an American journalist in New York, Paris, and China and author of books about western United States History. From Ohio, he moved to Colorado Springs, Colorado to recuperate following a diagnosis of tuberculosis and settled there. He received the Colorado Authors League Top Hand Award for "Massacre: The Tragedy At White River" and "A Gallery of Dudes", the latter of which was also nominated for a Pulitzer Prize.


query: Which has more acts, Paul Bunyan or Don Pasquale?

pos: Paul Bunyan (operetta) Paul Bunyan, Op 17, is an operetta in two acts and a prologue composed by Benjamin Britten to a libretto by W. H. Auden, designed for performance by semi-professional groups. It premiered at Columbia University on 5 May 1941, to largely negative reviews, and was withdrawn by the composer. Britten revised it somewhat in 1976 and subsequently it had numerous performances and two commercial recordings. The story is based on the folkloric American lumberjack, Paul Bunyan, with the music incorporating a variety of American styles, including folk songs, blues and hymns. The work is strongly sectional in nature, highly reminiscent of the 'Broadway musical' style of the period.

pos: Don Pasquale Don Pasquale (] ) is an opera buffa, or comic opera, in three acts by Gaetano Donizetti with an Italian libretto completed largely by Giovanni Ruffini as well as the composer. It was based on a libretto by Angelo Anelli for Stefano Pavesi's opera "Ser Marcantonio" written in 1810 but, on the published libretto, the author appears as "M.A."

neg: The Pilgrim's Progress The Pilgrim's Progress from This World, to That Which Is to Come is a 1678 Christian allegory written by John Bunyan. It is regarded as one of the most significant works of religious English literature, has been translated into more than 200 languages, and has never been out of print. It has also been cited as the first novel written in English.

neg: Paul Frankeur Paul Frankeur (29 June 1905 - 27 October 1974) was a French actor who appeared in films by Jacques Tati ("Jour de fête") and Luis Buñuel ("The Discreet Charm of the Bourgeoisie" and "The Phantom of Liberty"). He was sometimes credited as Paul Francoeur.

neg: El retablo de maese Pedro El retablo de maese Pedro ("Master Peter's Puppet Show") is a puppet-opera in one act with a prologue and epilogue, composed by Manuel de Falla to a Spanish libretto based on an episode from "Don Quixote" by Miguel de Cervantes. The libretto is an abbreviation of chapter 26 of the second part of "Don Quixote", with some lines added from other parts of the work. Falla composed this opera "in devoted homage to the glory of Miguel de Cervantes" and dedicated it to the Princess de Polignac, who commissioned the work. Because of its brief length by operatic standards (about 27 minutes), its very challenging part for a boy opera performer (who has by far the most lines), and its use of puppets, it is not part of the standard operatic repertoire.

neg: La Périchole La Périchole (] ) is an opéra bouffe in three acts by Jacques Offenbach. Henri Meilhac and Ludovic Halévy wrote the French-language libretto based on the 1829 one act play "Le carrosse du Saint-Sacrement" by Prosper Mérimée, which was revived on 13 March 1850 at the Théâtre-Français. Offenbach was probably aware of this production, as he conducted the orchestra of the Comédie-Française from around this time. Another theatrical creation that pre-dates Offenbach's opéra bouffe and may have influenced the piece is a farce by Desforges and Théaulon given on 21 October 1835 at the Théâtre du Palais-Royal.

neg: Grace Abounding to the Chief of Sinners Grace Abounding to the Chief of Sinners, or The Brief Relation of the Exceeding Mercy of God in Christ to his Poor Servant John Bunyan is a Puritan spiritual autobiography written by John Bunyan. It was composed while Bunyan was serving a twelve-year prison sentence in Bedford gaol for preaching without a license and was first published in 1666. The title contains allusions to two Biblical passages: 'Grace Abounding' is a reference to the Epistle to the Romans 5:20, which states 'Where sin abounded, grace did much more abound' (KJV) and 'Chief of Sinners' refers to First Epistle to Timothy 1:15, where Paul refers to himself by the same appellation.

neg: Polyeucte (Dukas) Polyeucte is an overture composed by Paul Dukas in 1891 for the tragedy of the same name by Pierre Corneille. Dukas made his public debut with the first performance of this overture on 23 January 1892 at the Concerts Lamoureux.

neg: Don Dillaway Donald Dillaway (March 17, 1903 – November 18, 1982) was an American stage and film actor.

neg: The Circus Girl The Circus Girl is a musical comedy in two acts by James T. Tanner and Walter Apllant (Palings), with lyrics by Harry Greenbank and Adrian Ross, music by Ivan Caryll, and additional music by Lionel Monckton.

neg: Paul Birch (actor) Paul Birch (born Paul Lowery Smith; January 11 1912 – May 24, 1969) was an American actor. He was a film of 50 stage dramas, and numerous television series, including the "Hallmark Hall of Fame" (1951).

neg: Paul Bunyans Cabin Paul Bunyans Cabin (8490 ft ) is located in the Livingston Range, Glacier National Park in the U.S. state of Montana. Paul Bunyans Cabin is on a rock spur immediately SSE of Longfellow Peak and from certain angles appears as a Log cabin. Lake Evangeline is northeast of the peak and Ruger Lake is to the east.

neg: Paul Pry (play) Paul Pry (1825), a farce in three acts, was the most notable play written by 19th-century English playwright John Poole. It premiered in London on 13 September 1825 at the Haymarket Theatre and ran 114 performances. The play continued to be popular until the early 1870s.

neg: Paul Ford Paul Ford (November 2, 1901 – April 12, 1976) was an American character actor who came to specialize in authority figures whose ineptitude and pompous demeanor were played for comic effect, notably as Mayor Shinn in "The Music Man" and as Colonel John T. Hall in "The Phil Silvers Show".

neg: John Pringle (baritone) John Pringle AM (born 17 October 1938) is a retired Australian operatic baritone. He sang leading and supporting roles with Opera Australia and its predecessors for 41 years (1967–2008), and with some overseas companies. He was strongly associated with roles by Mozart, such as Figaro and Count Almaviva in "The Marriage of Figaro"; the title role and Leporello in "Don Giovanni"; Guglielmo and Don Alfonso in "Così fan tutte"; and Papageno in "The Magic Flute".

neg: La fille du Danube La Fille du Danube ("The Daughter of the Danube") is a ballet in two acts and four scenes, choreographed by Filippo Taglioni to music by Adolphe Adam.

neg: Paulin Gagne Étienne-Paulin Gagne, known as Paulin Gagne (June 8, 1808 – August 1876) was a French poet, essayist, lawyer, politician, inventor, and eccentric whose best known poem, "The Woman-Messiah", is among the longest poems in French, or any language. The poem is 25,000 verses (60 acts and 12 songs) and is notable for its 24th act entitled "Bestiologie" which enumerates the advantages that a citizen of Paris would have by marrying the animals of the Jardin des Plantes. He is also notable for proposing "Anthropophagy" at a public meeting and offering himself as food to starving Algerians.

neg: Les deux petits savoyards Les deux petits savoyards ("The Two Little Savoyards") is a comic opera in one act by the French composer Nicolas Dalayrac. It was first performed by the Comédie-Italienne at the first Salle Favart in Paris on January 14, 1789. The libretto is by Benoît-Joseph Marsollier des Vivetières. The opera was a great success; according to the records of the Comédie-Italienne, 104,000 spectators had seen it by 1793. The theme of reconciliation between the social classes appealed to audiences at the beginning of the French Revolution. "Les deux petits savoyards" received its British premiere at Sadler's Wells in June, 1789 and it first appeared in the United States in Philadelphia in 1797.

neg: Don Henderson Donald Francis Henderson (10 November 1931 – 22 June 1997) was an English actor of stage, television and screen. Henderson was known for playing both "tough guy" roles and authority figures, and is remembered for his portrayal of detective George Bulman between 1976 and 1987 in the popular Granada Television police drama series "The XYY Man", "Strangers", and "Bulman", as priest Frank Kane in BBC drama "The Paradise Club" (1989–90), and as General Tagge in the first "Star Wars" film (1977). This last role also brought him attention from science fiction fans, and he later appeared in cult science fiction television series "Red Dwarf" and "Doctor Who".

neg: The Dangerous Liaisons The Dangerous Liaisons is an opera in two acts and eight scenes, with music by Conrad Susa to an English libretto by Philip Littell. It is based on the novel "Les Liaisons dangereuses" by Pierre Choderlos de Laclos. The opera received its first performance by the San Francisco Opera on 10 September 1994, with stage direction by Colin Graham and Donald Runnicles as the conductor. The world-premiere cast included Thomas Hampson as Valmont, Frederica von Stade as Merteuil, David Hobson as Chevalier de Danceny, Renée Fleming as Tourvel and Mary Mills as Cécile de Volanges. The opera was performed at Washington Opera in March 1998.

neg: Pasquale Aleardi Pasquale Aleardi (June 1, 1971) is a Swiss actor. He is known for playing the role of J.D. Salinas in "Resident Evil". He also starred as Billy Flynn in the Broadway production of Chicago

neg: Pasquale Bona Pasquale Bona (Cerignola, November 3, 1808 – Milan, December 2, 1878) was an Italian composer. He studied music in Palermo. He composed a number of operas, including one based on the Schiller play that would later inspire Giuseppe Verdi's "Don Carlos". Bona later taught at the Conservatory in Milan, where he counted among his pupils Amilcare Ponchielli, Arrigo Boito, Franco Faccio and Alfredo Catalani; he was also friends with Alessandro Manzoni.


query: What production company worked on The Muppet Christmas Carol and Treasure Island?

pos: The Muppet Christmas Carol The Muppet Christmas Carol is a 1992 American-British musical fantasy comedy-drama film and an adaptation of Charles Dickens's 1843 novel "A Christmas Carol". It is the fourth in a series of live-action musical films featuring The Muppets, with Michael Caine starring as Ebenezer Scrooge. Although it is a comedic film with contemporary songs, "The Muppet Christmas Carol" otherwise follows Dickens's original story closely. The film was produced and directed by Brian Henson for Jim Henson Productions and released by Walt Disney Pictures.

pos: Treasure Island (1950 film) Treasure Island is a 1950 live action adventure film produced by Walt Disney Productions, adapted from the Robert Louis Stevenson's 1883 novel "Treasure Island". It stars Bobby Driscoll as Jim Hawkins and Robert Newton as Long John Silver. "Treasure Island" is notable for being Disney's first completely live-action film and the first screen version of "Treasure Island" made in color. It was filmed in England on location and at Denham Film Studios, Buckinghamshire.

neg: Film Roman Film Roman is an American animation studio owned by Waterman Entertainment, the production company of producer Steve Waterman. Founded by veteran animator and director Phil Roman in 1984, it is best known for producing source animation for series such as "The Simpsons" (1992–2016), "King of the Hill" and "Family Guy" for 20th Century Fox Animation, as well as "Garfield and Friends" and various "Garfield" animated television specials.

neg: Island Edge Island Edge Inc. is a Canadian television production company founded by Rick Mercer and Gerald Lunz in 1998.

neg: Spellbound Pictures Spellbound Pictures Ltd., USA LLC is a film and television production and distribution company founded by Mark McClafferty and Pamela Edwards McClafferty in 1996.

neg: Puppet Heap Puppet Heap, LLC is a puppet design, fabrication and production company based in Hoboken, New Jersey. The company was founded by artist and designer Paul Andrejco, who previously worked for The Jim Henson Company from 1992 to 2001 and designed the characters for "Bear in the Big Blue House" that aired on the Disney Channel. In 2004, Andrejco opened Puppet Heap at its current location in Hoboken. The company's studio has a workshop, woodshop, casting facilities, and a small production and photography studio.

neg: The Muppets The Muppets are an ensemble cast of puppet characters known for their self-aware, burlesque, and meta-referential style of variety-sketch comedy. Created by Jim Henson and his wife Jane Henson in 1955, they are the namesake for the Disney media franchise that encompasses feature films, television series, music recordings, theme park attractions, print publications, merchandising, and other media works associated with the characters.

neg: Laika (company) Laika Entertainment, LLC., or simply Laika, is an American stop-motion animation studio specializing in feature films, commercial content for all media, music videos and short films. It is best known for its stop-motion feature films, "Coraline", "ParaNorman", "The Boxtrolls" and "Kubo and the Two Strings", all co-produced in partnership with Universal Pictures through its Focus Features label.

neg: Christopher Panzner Christopher Panzner (born 1959) is an American artist/writer/producer living and working in France. He has worked for a number of pioneers in the television and film industry, notably as Technical Director for the inventor of interactive television shopping, the Home Shopping Network and as Operations Director, France, for the inventor of the colorization process for black-and-white films, Color Systems Technology. He has developed animation software (Pixibox), designed theme channels (Canal +) and was Managing Director of the Luxembourg-based studio, Luxanima, which shared an International Emmy in 1994 for French CGI series Insektors. He went on to set up an animation/FX studio (motion capture/motion control), Image Effects, where he supervised the creation of 2D animated series "The Tidings" for Entertainment Rights before creating his own studio in the east of France the following year, Talkie Walkie, specializing in pre-production (design, storyboard and layout) and computer production (ink-and-paint/compositing) and whose clients included a Who’s Who of international television animation producers such as SIP, RTV Family Entertainment, Alphanim and Cinar (now called Cookie Jar.) He joined Paris-based production company TEVA in 2001 and was instrumental in the financing and/or the making of five animated features there in 2002–2004: double-Oscar nominated The Triplets of Belleville, Venice Film Festival selection "The Dog, the General and the Birds", "Jester Till", "Blackmor’s Treasure" (Associate Producer) and "Charlie and Mimmo" (Co-Producer). In 2002, TEVA and Mistral Films won the grand prize at IMAGINA for an experimental short film, "The Tale of the Floating World" directed by Alain Escalle, beating such prestigious competition as "Shrek", "Amélie" and "The Lord of the Rings", and was entirely responsible for the fabrication of Storimages’ Pulcinella-winning and International Emmy-nominated special, "Harold Peeble", based on the book by famous French illustrator Sempé. In 2006, "The Triplets of Belleville", "The Dog, the General and the Pigeons" and "Blackmor’s Treasure" were part of an eight-film retrospective of contemporary French animation at the Museum of Modern Art in New York called "Grand Illusions: The Best of Recent French Animation."

neg: Working Title Films Working Title Films Limited is a British film and television production company, affiliated with Universal Studios. The company was founded by Tim Bevan and Sarah Radclyffe in 1983. It produces feature films and several television productions. Eric Fellner and Tim Bevan are now the co-chairs of the company.

neg: Full Moon Features Full Moon Features is an American motion picture production and distribution company headed by B-movie veteran Charles Band. It is known for the direct-to-video series "Puppet Master" and "Subspecies", as well as the innovative VideoZone featurette at the end of films through 1989 to 2013.

neg: Sarah de Gaudemar Sarah de Gaudemar, also known professionally as Sarah E. Meyer, is an animator who has worked on the animated television series "Moral Orel", "Robot Chicken" (for which she won an Emmy in 2006), "Green Screen Show", "Phantom Investigators", "Gary & Mike", "The PJs", and "Celebrity Deathmatch", and the feature film "Davey & Goliath's Snowboard Christmas".

neg: Treasure Island (1985 film) Treasure Island (French: L'île au trésor ) is a 1985 adventure film directed by Chilean filmmaker Raúl Ruiz. It was screened in the Un Certain Regard section at the 1991 Cannes Film Festival. France, Great Britain and the United States funded Ruiz’s obscure and complex adaptation of the classic coming-of-age novel "Treasure Island" written by Robert Louis Stevenson. "Treasure Island" stars Melvil Poupaud as Jim Hawkins/Jonathan, a familiar face in Ruiz filmography, along with a few other popular actors like Anna Karina playing his mother.

neg: Adelaide Productions Adelaide Productions is an animation division of Sony Pictures Television that was founded on April 12, 1993, by Columbia Pictures Television and was incorporated seven days later. It has also been titled "Columbia TriStar Animation" and "Columbia TriStar Children's Television".

neg: Treasure Island (1978 TV series) Treasure Island (宝島 , Takarajima) is a Japanese anime television series developed with the 26 episodes for 23 minutes series that aired in 1978 and 1979 in Japan and in the mid-1980s in Europe, Mexico, South America & Arab World countries, based on Robert Louis Stevenson's novel of the same name. In 2013 a movie compilation dubbed in English by Bang Zoom! Entertainment has been made available on the North American Hulu, but has since been removed. However, as of early 2016, TMS has made the 2013 compilation movie available to watch on YouTube for free.

neg: Image Entertainment Corporation Image Entertainment Corporation is a Canadian animation production company based in Montreal, Quebec, Canada. The Company was founded in 2000 by company president Sylvain Viau and specializes in 2D and 3D animation for international clientele. The company is currently developing a new children's series called "Spyworld". The company is in devoplment of the new Martin Mystery Season 4 with Marathon in Paris.

neg: Treasure Island Music Festival Treasure Island Music Festival is an annual two-day music festival that takes place on Treasure Island, California, located in the San Francisco Bay. The festival is produced by Noise Pop and Another Planet Entertainment (APE).

neg: SNL Studios SNL Studios is a production company, founded in July 1997 as a joint venture between "Saturday Night Live" executive producer Lorne Michaels and NBC Studios (now Universal Television, the production arm of NBCUniversal). While this venture also initially included Paramount Pictures, it was dissolved following NBC's merger with Universal Studios. On the television side, SNL Studios produces "Saturday Night Live" in association with Broadway Video. Film productions, typically offshoots of Saturday Night Live' sketches, include, among others, "A Night at the Roxbury" and "Superstar".

neg: Adventure Line Productions Adventure Line Productions, part of the Banijay Group, is a French television production company which specialises in creating adventure gameshows (over 1,500 episodes of "Fort Boyard") and adapting international formats for French television channels such as Survivor (also known as Koh-Lanta).

neg: Clive A. Smith Clive A. Smith (often credited as Clive Smith) is a British expatriate director and animator who, with Michael Hirsh and Patrick Loubert, founded Canadian animation studio Nelvana in 1971. Smith worked on some of his studio's first TV specials, including "A Cosmic Christmas" (1977), which was broadcast on CBC Television in Canada and syndicated in the United States proving to be Nelvana's breakthrough production. He also helmed the studio's next special, "The Devil and Daniel Mouse", in 1978. He worked as director of Nelvana's first feature film, 1983's "Rock and Rule", and its 1997 animated version of the Pippi Longstocking saga. He also directed "A Wookie's Christmas" (also known as "The Faithful Wookie") for George Lucas and "Family Dog" for Tim Burton and Steven Spielberg. Smith retired from Nelvana in 2001, the year after he and his co-founders sold the studio to Corus Entertainment.

neg: Spider Eye Productions Spider Eye Productions is a 3D Animation production company based in Penzance, Cornwall. It is producing the second series of "Jungle Junction" for Disney Junior. Yellow Ball and Pink Ball The Little Girl" for Mike Young Productions. It also developed a commercial for KitKat in the style of "The Snowman" book and "Father Christmas" which was aired over Christmas 2006.

neg: The Beach Crew The Beach Crew is an Australian animated series produced by Victorian-based production company The Beach Crew Productions, distributed by KidsCo and broadcast on KidsCo since June 2010.


query: A carotid Doppler machine uses what change in frequency or wavelength of a wave for an observer who is moving relative to the wave source?

pos: Carotid Doppler machine A carotid Doppler machine is a device which can be used to measure blood flow velocities within the cervical carotid arteries, as well as the vertebral arteries and sometimes the subclavian arteries by means of non-invasive ultrasonic scanning in which the Doppler effect is utilized. This can be useful for estimating the effects of atherosclerotic disease on the lumen in late stages; specifically the level of compromise in blood flow caused by reduction in arterial lumen diameter.

pos: Doppler effect The Doppler effect (or the Doppler shift) is the change in frequency or wavelength of a wave for an observer who is moving relative to the wave source. It is named after the Austrian physicist Christian Doppler, who described the phenomenon in 1842.

neg: Circulator A circulator is a passive non-reciprocal three- or four-port device, in which a microwave or radio frequency signal entering any port is transmitted to the next port in rotation (only). A "port" in this context is a point where an external waveguide or transmission line (such as a microstrip line or a coaxial cable), connects to the device. For a three-port circulator, a signal applied to port 1 only comes out of port 2; a signal applied to port 2 only comes out of port 3; a signal applied to port 3 only comes out of port 1, so to within a phase-factor, the scattering matrix for an ideal three-port circulator is

neg: Motion (physics) In physics, motion is a change in position of an object over time. Motion is described in terms of displacement, distance, velocity, acceleration, time and speed. Motion of a body is observed by attaching a frame of reference to an observer and measuring the change in position of the body relative to that frame.

neg: Continuous wave A continuous wave or continuous waveform (CW) is an electromagnetic wave of constant amplitude and frequency; almost always a sine wave, that for mathematical analysis is considered to be of infinite duration. Continuous wave is also the name given to an early method of radio transmission, in which a sinusoidal carrier wave is switched on and off. Information is carried in the varying duration of the on and off periods of the signal, for example by Morse code in early radio. In early wireless telegraphy radio transmission, CW waves were also known as "undamped waves", to distinguish this method from damped wave signals produced by earlier "spark gap" type transmitters.

neg: Change deafness Change deafness is a perceptual phenomenon that occurs when, under certain circumstances, a physical change in an auditory stimulus goes unnoticed by the listener. There is uncertainty regarding the mechanisms by which changes to auditory stimuli go undetected, though scientific research has been done to determine the levels of processing at which these consciously undetected auditory changes are actually encoded. An understanding of the mechanisms underlying change deafness could offer insight on issues such as the completeness of our representation of the auditory environment, the limitations of the auditory perceptual system, and the relationship between the audtitory system and memory. The phenomenon of change deafness is thought to be related to the interactions between high and low level processes that produce conscious experiences of auditory soundscapes.

neg: Autokinetic effect The autokinetic effect (also referred to as autokinesis) is a phenomenon of visual perception in which a stationary, small point of light in an otherwise dark or featureless environment appears to move. It was first recorded by a Russian officer keeping watch, who observed illusory movement of a star near the horizon . It is presumed to occur because motion perception is always relative to some reference point, and in darkness or in a featureless environment there is no reference point, so the position of the single point is undefined. The direction of the movements does not appear to be correlated with involuntary eye movements, but may be determined by errors between eye position and that specified by efference copy of the movement signals sent to the extraocular muscles. Several researchers, including Richard Gregory, have shown that autokinesis occurs when no eye movements are recorded. Gregory has suggested that, with lack of peripheral information, eye movements which correct movements due to muscle fatigue are wrongly interpreted in the brain as movement of the perceived light.

neg: Speed of light The speed of light in vacuum, commonly denoted c , is a universal physical constant important in many areas of physics. Its exact value is (approximately , or 186,282 mi/s); it is exact because the unit of length, the metre, is defined from this constant and the international standard for time. According to special relativity, "c" is the maximum speed at which all conventional matter and hence all known forms of information in the universe can travel. It is the speed at which all massless particles and changes of the associated fields (including light, a type of electromagnetic radiation, and gravitational waves) travel in vacuum. Such particles and waves travel at "c" regardless of the motion of the source or the inertial reference frame of the observer. In the theory of relativity, "c" interrelates space and time, and also appears in the famous equation of mass–energy equivalence "E" = "mc" .

neg: Angular velocity In physics, the angular velocity of an object is the rate of change of its angular displacement with respect to time. The SI unit of angular velocity is radians per second. Angular velocity is usually represented by the symbol omega (ω, rarely Ω).

neg: Mu wave Mu waves, also known as mu rhythms, comb or wicket rhythms, arciform rhythms, or sensorimotor rhythms, are synchronized patterns of electrical activity involving large numbers of neurons, probably of the pyramidal type, in the part of the brain that controls voluntary movement. These patterns as measured by electroencephalography (EEG), magnetoencephalography (MEG), or electrocorticography (ECoG), repeat at a frequency of 7.5–12.5 (and primarily 9–11) Hz, and are most prominent when the body is physically at rest. Unlike the alpha wave, which occurs at a similar frequency over the resting visual cortex at the back of the scalp, the mu wave is found over the motor cortex, in a band approximately from ear to ear. A person suppresses mu wave patterns when he or she performs a motor action or, with practice, when he or she visualizes performing a motor action. This suppression is called desynchronization of the wave because EEG wave forms are caused by large numbers of neurons firing in synchrony. The mu wave is even suppressed when one observes another person performing a motor action or an abstract motion with biological characteristics. Researchers such as V. S. Ramachandran and colleagues have suggested that this is a sign that the mirror neuron system is involved in mu wave suppression, although others disagree.

neg: Bragg's law In physics, Bragg's law, or Wulff–Bragg's condition in post-Soviet countries, a special case of Laue diffraction, gives the angles for coherent and incoherent scattering from a crystal lattice. When X-rays are incident on an atom, they make the electronic cloud move as does any electromagnetic wave. The movement of these charges re-radiates waves with the same frequency, blurred slightly due to a variety of effects; this phenomenon is known as Rayleigh scattering (or elastic scattering). The scattered waves can themselves be scattered but this secondary scattering is assumed to be negligible.

neg: Refraction (sound) Refraction, in acoustics, comparable to the refraction of electromagnetic radiation, is the bending of sound propagation trajectories (rays) in inhomogeneous elastic media (gases, liquids, and solids) in which the wave velocity is a function of spatial coordinates. Bending of acoustic rays in layered inhomogeneous media occurs towards a layer with a smaller sound velocity. This effect is responsible for guided propagation of sound waves over long distances in the ocean and in the atmosphere.

neg: Traveling microscope A travelling microscope is an instrument for measuring length with a resolution typically in the order of 0.01mm. The precision is such that better-quality instruments have measuring scales made from Invar to avoid misreadings due to thermal effects. The instrument comprises a microscope mounted on two rails fixed to, or part of a very rigid bed. The position of the microscope can be varied coarsely by sliding along the rails, or finely by turning a screw. The eyepiece is fitted with fine cross-hairs to fix a precise position, which is then read off the vernier scale. Some instruments, such as that produced in the 1960s by the Precision Tool and Instrument Company of Thornton Heath, Surrey, England, also measure vertically. The purpose of the microscope is to aim at reference marks with much higher accuracy than is possible using the naked eye. It is used in laboratories to measure the refractive index of liquids using the geometrical concepts of ray optics. It is also used to measure very short distances precisely, for example the diameter of a capillary tube. This mechanical instrument has now largely been superseded by electronic- and optically-based measuring devices that are both very much more accurate and considerably cheaper to produce.

neg: Reflex receiver A reflex radio receiver, occasionally called a reflectional receiver, is a radio receiver design in which the same amplifier is used to amplify the high-frequency radio signal (RF) and low-frequency audio (sound) signal (AF). It was first invented in 1914 by German scientists Wilhelm Schloemilch and Otto von Bronk, and rediscovered and extended to multiple tubes in 1917 by Marius Latour and William H. Priess. The radio signal from the antenna and tuned circuit passes through an amplifier, is demodulated in a detector which extracts the audio signal from the radio carrier, and the resulting audio signal passes "again" through the same amplifier for audio amplification before being applied to the earphone or loudspeaker. The reason for using the amplifier for "double duty" was to reduce the number of active devices, vacuum tubes or transistors, required in the circuit, to reduce the cost. The economical reflex circuit was used in inexpensive vacuum tube radios in the 1920s, and was revived again in simple portable tube radios in the 1930s.

neg: Wavenumber In the physical sciences, the wavenumber (also wave number) is the spatial frequency of a wave, either in cycles per unit distance or radians per unit distance. It can be envisaged as the number of waves that exist over a specified distance (analogous to frequency being the number of cycles or radians per unit time).

neg: Shack–Hartmann wavefront sensor A Shack–Hartmann (or Hartmann–Shack) wavefront sensor (SHWFS) is an optical instrument used for characterizing an imaging system. It is a wavefront sensor commonly used in adaptive optics systems. It consists of an array of lenses (called lenslets) of the same focal length. Each is focused onto a photon sensor (typically a CCD array or CMOS array or quad-cell). The local tilt of the wavefront across each lens can then be calculated from the position of the focal spot on the sensor. Any phase aberration can be approximated by a set of discrete tilts. By sampling an array of lenslets, all of these tilts can be measured and the whole wavefront approximated.

neg: Velocity receiver A velocity receiver (velocity sensor) is a sensor that responds to velocity rather than absolute position. For example, dynamic microphones are velocity receivers. Likewise, many electronic keyboards used for music are velocity sensitive, and may be said to possess a velocity receiver in each key. Most of these function by measuring the time difference between switch closures at two different positions along the travel of each key.

neg: Microwave radiometer A microwave radiometer (MWR) is a radiometer that measures energy emitted at sub-millimetre-to-centimetre wavelengths (at frequencies of 1–1000 GHz) known as microwaves. Microwave radiometers are very sensitive receivers designed to measure thermal electromagnetic radiation emitted by atmospheric gases. They are usually equipped with multiple receiving channels in order to derive the characteristic emission spectrum of the atmosphere or extraterrestrial objects. Microwave radiometers are utilized in a variety of environmental and engineering applications, including weather forecasting, climate monitoring, radio astronomy and radio propagation studies.

neg: Microwave imaging Microwave imaging is a science which has been evolved from older detecting/locating techniques (e.g., radar) in order to evaluate hidden or embedded objects in a structure (or media)using electromagnetic (EM) waves in microwave regime (i.e., ~300 MHz-300 GHz). Microwave imaging techniques can be classified as either quantitative or qualitative. Quantitative imaging techniques (are also known as inverse scattering methods) give the electrical (i.e., electrical and magnetic property distribution) and geometrical parameters (i.e., shape, size and location) of an imaged object by solving a nonlinear inverse problem. The nonlinear inverse problem is converted into a linear inverse problem (i.e., Ax=b where A and b are known and x (or image) is unknown) by using Born or distorted Born approximations. Despite the fact that direct matrix inversion methods can be invoked to solve the inversion problem, this will be so costly when the size of the problem is so big (i.e., when A is a very dense and big matrix). To overcome this problem, direct inversion is replaced with iterative solvers. Techniques in this class are called forward iterative methods which are usually time consuming.

neg: Laser detuning In optical physics, laser detuning is the tuning of a laser to a frequency that is slightly off from a quantum system's resonant frequency. Lasers can be detuned in the lab frame so that they are Doppler shifted to the resonant frequency in a moving system, which allows lasers to affect only atoms moving at a specific speed or in a specific direction and makes laser detuning a central tool of laser cooling and magneto-optical traps. Lasers tuned to a frequency below the resonant frequency are called "red-detuned", and lasers tuned above resonance are called "blue-detuned".

neg: Damped wave A damped wave is a wave whose amplitude of oscillation decreases with time, eventually going to zero. This term also refers to an early method of radio transmission produced by spark gap transmitters, which consisted of a series of damped electromagnetic waves. Information was carried on this signal by telegraphy, turning the transmitter on and off (on-off keying) to send messages in Morse code. Damped waves were the first practical means of radio communication, used during the wireless telegraphy era which ended around 1920. In radio engineering it is now generally referred to as "Class B" emission. However, such transmissions have a wide bandwidth and generate electrical "noise" (electromagnetic interference) which interferes with other radio transmissions.

neg: Goniometer A goniometer is an instrument that either measures an angle or allows an object to be rotated to a precise angular position. The term goniometry is derived from two Greek words, "", meaning angle, and "", meaning measure.


query: In how many states of the Member states of the Commonwealth of Nations is English either spoken as first or second language or at least widely used?

pos: English in the Commonwealth of Nations The use of the English language in most member countries of the Commonwealth of Nations was inherited from British colonisation. English is spoken as a first or second language in most of the Commonwealth. In a few countries, such as Cyprus and Malaysia, it does not have official status, but is widely used as a lingua franca. Mozambique is an exception – although English is widely spoken there, it is a former Portuguese colony which joined the Commonwealth in 1996.

pos: Member states of the Commonwealth of Nations The Commonwealth of Nations is a voluntary association of 52 sovereign states. Nearly all of them are former British colonies or dependencies of those colonies.

neg: Official language An official language is a language that is given a special legal status in a particular country, state, or other jurisdiction. Typically a country's official language refers to the language used within government (e.g., courts, parliament, administration). Since "the means of expression of a people cannot be changed by any law", the term "official language" does not typically refer to the language used by a people or country, but by its government.

neg: Enlargement of the United Nations As of April 2015, there are 193 member states of the United Nations (UN), each of which is a member of the United Nations General Assembly.

neg: Referendums related to the European Union The United Kingdom is the only EU member state to have held referendums on the issue of continued membership of the European Union and its antecedent organisation, the European Communities. In the first referendum in 1975, continued membership of what was then the European Communities (which included the European Economic Community, often referred to as the "Common Market" in the UK) was approved by 67.2% of voters, while in its second referendum in 2016 voters voted by 51.9% to leave the European Union.

neg: Languages of Ireland There are a number of languages used in Ireland. Since the late nineteenth century, English has been the predominant first language, displacing Irish. A large minority claims some ability to use Irish, and it is the first language for a small percentage of the population.

neg: British Overseas Territories The 14 British Overseas Territories (BOT) are territories under the jurisdiction and sovereignty of the United Kingdom. They are the parts of the British Empire that have not been granted independence or have voted to remain British territories. These territories do not form part of the United Kingdom and, with the exception of Gibraltar, are not part of the European Union. Most of the inhabited territories are internally self-governing, with the UK retaining responsibility for defence and foreign relations. The rest are either uninhabited or have a transitory population of military or scientific personnel. They share the British monarch (Elizabeth II) as head of state.

neg: National language debate in Fiji The National Language Debate in Fiji concerns the status of the country's three official languages - English, Fijian, and Hindustani (the name used in the 1997 constitution for Fiji Hindi). From colonial times, the sole official language was English, but the 1997 Constitution gave equal status, for the first time, to Fijian and Hindustani, alongside English.

neg: Anglosphere The Anglosphere is a set of English-speaking nations with similar cultural roots, based upon populations originating from the nations of the British Isles (England, Wales, Scotland, Northern Ireland, and Ireland), which today maintain close political and military cooperation. While the nations included in different sources vary, the Anglosphere is usually not considered to include all countries where English is an official language, although the nations that are commonly included were all once part of the British Empire.

neg: Ulster Ulster ( ; Irish: "Ulaidh" ] or "Cúige Uladh" ] , Ulster Scots: "Ulstèr" or "Ulster") is a province in the north of the island of Ireland. It is made up of nine counties, six of which are in Northern Ireland (a part of the United Kingdom) and three of which are in the Republic of Ireland. It is the second largest and second most populous of Ireland's four provinces, with Belfast being its biggest city. Unlike the other provinces, Ulster has a high percentage of Protestants. Those of Catholic background make up about 51% of its population while those of Ulster Protestant background make up about 43%. English is the main language and Ulster English the main dialect. A minority also speak Irish, and there is a Gaeltacht (Irish-speaking region) in the west of Ulster. Lough Neagh, in the east, is the largest lake in the British Isles, while Lough Erne in the west is one of its largest lake networks. The main mountain ranges are the Mournes, Sperrins, Croaghgorms and Derryveagh Mountains.

neg: List of Commonwealth armoured regiments The following is a ist of Commonwealth armoured regiments. The Commonwealth of Nations, normally referred to as the Commonwealth is an intergovernmental organisation of 54 independent member states. All members except Mozambique and Rwanda were part of the British Empire, out of which the Commonwealth developed.

neg: Community of Portuguese Language Countries The Community of Portuguese Language Countries (Portuguese: Comunidade dos Países de Língua Portuguesa; abbreviated as CPLP), occasionally known in English as the Lusophone Commonwealth, is an intergovernmental organization of Lusophone nations across four continents, where Portuguese is an official language, mostly of former colonies of the Portuguese Empire. The CPLP operates as a privileged multilateral forum for the mutual cooperation of the governments of its members, on both executive and ministerial levels, non-governmental organizations, and the various branches of the CPLP itself.

neg: Crown dependencies The Crown dependencies are the Isle of Man in the Irish Sea, and the Bailiwicks of Jersey and Guernsey in the English Channel. They are independently administered jurisdictions, and do not form part of either the United Kingdom or the British Overseas Territories. They are self-governing possessions of the Crown (defined uniquely in each jurisdiction). Internationally, the dependencies are considered "territories for which the United Kingdom is responsible", rather than sovereign states. As a result, they are not member states of the Commonwealth of Nations. However, they do have relationships with the Commonwealth, the European Union, and other international organisations, and are members of the British–Irish Council. They have their own teams in the Commonwealth Games. They are not part of the European Union (EU), although they are within the EU's customs area.

neg: Krio language Sierra Leonean Creole, Krio or Patois (archaic) is the lingua franca and the de facto national language spoken throughout the West African nation of Sierra Leone. Krio is spoken by 97% of Sierra Leone's population and unites the different ethnic groups in the country, especially in their trade and social interaction with each other. Krio is the primary language of communication among Sierra Leoneans at home and abroad. The language is native to the Sierra Leone Creole people or Krios, (a community of about 300,000 descendants of freed slaves from the West Indies, United States and the British Empire), and is spoken as a second language by millions of other Sierra Leoneans belonging to the country's indigenous tribes. English is Sierra Leone's official language, while Krio, despite its common use throughout the country, has no official status.

neg: First Nations in Alberta First Nations in Alberta are indigenous peoples who live in the Canadian province of Alberta. The First Nations are those peoples (or nations) recognized as Aboriginal peoples in Canada excluding the Inuit and the Métis. According to the Canadian census, in 2001 a population of 84,990 Albertans reported a "North American Indian" (i.e. First Nations) identity, rising to 116,670 in 2011 or 13.7% of all First Nations people in Canada, giving Alberta the third largest First Nations population among the provinces and territories (after Ontario and British Columbia). From this total around half of the population lives on an Indian reserve (58,782 Registered Indians lived on-reserve in Alberta in 2005). The rest of the population lives off-reserve, amongst the rest of the Canadian population. Many of these are urban Aboriginals living in cities, especially Edmonton (the provincial capital) which had an off-reserve status population of 18,210 people in 2011, the second highest for any city in Canada (after Winnipeg). Besides this there were 19,945 people in Alberta in 2011 who claimed a North American Indian identity on the census but are not part of the official Indian Register; such people are commonly called "non-status Indians". There are 48 First Nations or "bands" in Alberta (in the sense of governments made up of a council and a chief), belonging to nine different ethnic groups or "tribes" based on their ancestral languages.

neg: Ireland–New Zealand relations Ireland–New Zealand relations refers to the diplomatic relations between Ireland and New Zealand. Both nations are English speaking nations. As a result of famine and poverty, several thousand Irish people migrated to New Zealand where today approximately 18% of the population can claim Irish heritage. Both nations are members of the Australia Group, Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development and the United Nations.

neg: Politics of England The Politics of England forms the major part of the wider politics of the United Kingdom, with England being more populous than all the other countries of the United Kingdom put together. As England is also by far the largest in terms of area and GDP, its relationship to the UK is somewhat different from that of Scotland, Wales or Northern Ireland. The English capital London is also the capital of the UK, and English is the dominant language of the UK (not officially, but "de facto"). Dicey and Morris (p26) list the separate states in the British Islands. "England, Scotland, Northern Ireland, the Isle of Man, Jersey, Guernsey, Alderney, and Sark... is a separate country in the sense of the conflict of laws, though not one of them is a State known to public international law." But this may be varied by statute.

neg: List of territorial entities where English is an official language List of territorial entities where English is an official language

neg: World Englishes World Englishes is a term for emerging localized or indigenized varieties of English, especially varieties that have developed in territories influenced by the United Kingdom or the United States. The study of World Englishes consists of identifying varieties of English used in diverse sociolinguistic contexts globally and analyzing how sociolinguistic histories, multicultural backgrounds and contexts of function influence the use of English in different regions of the world.

neg: Member state of the European Union The European Union (EU) consists of 28 member states. Each member state is party to the founding treaties of the union and thereby subject to the privileges and obligations of membership. Unlike members of most international organisations, the member states of the EU are subjected to binding laws in exchange for representation within the common legislative and judicial institutions. Member states must agree unanimously for the EU to adopt policies concerning defence and foreign affairs. Subsidiarity is a founding principle of the EU.

neg: Spanish language in the Americas The Spanish language spoken in the Americas is distinct from Peninsular Spanish and Spanish spoken elsewhere, such as in Africa and Asia. Linguistically, this grouping is somewhat arbitrary, akin to having a term for "overseas English" encompassing variants spoken in the United States, Canada, Australia, India, New Zealand and Ireland, but not the Island of Britain. There is great diversity among the various Latin American vernaculars, and it would be hard to point to one trait shared by all of them which is not also in existence in one or more of the variants of Spanish used in Spain.

neg: Currencies of the European Union There are eleven currencies of the European Union as of 2015 , the principal currency being the Euro. The Euro is used by the institutions of the European Union and by the Eurozone states, which account for 19 of the 28 member states of the European Union. All but two states are obliged to adopt the currency; Denmark and the United Kingdom, through a legal opt-out from the EU treaties, have retained the right to operate independent currencies within the European Union. The remaining eight states must join the ERM II and attain the third stage and adopt the Euro eventually.