query: The man that built the FNRS-1 balloon died in what year?

pos: FNRS-1 The FNRS-1 was a balloon, built by Auguste Piccard, that set a world altitude record. It was named after the Belgian Fonds National de la Recherche Scientifique, which funded the balloon.

pos: Auguste Piccard Auguste Antoine Piccard (28 January 1884 – 24 March 1962) was a Swiss physicist, inventor and explorer, known for his record-breaking hot air balloon flights, with which he studied Earth's upper atmosphere and cosmic rays, and for his invention of the first bathyscaphe, "FNRS-2", with which he made a number of unmanned dives in 1948 to explore the ocean's depths.

neg: Graham Gilmour Graham Gilmour (1885–1912) was a British pioneer aviator, known for his impromptu public displays of flying. He was killed on 17 February 1912 when his Martin-Handasyde monoplane suffered a structural failure and crashed in the Old Deer Park in Richmond, London.

neg: Ralph Hazlett Upson Ralph Hazlett Upson (June 21, 1888 – August 13, 1968) was a pioneer in the aviation field, holding Airship Pilot's Certificate #7, Balloon Pilot's Certificate #48 and Pilot's License #10290. Upson designed the world's only all-metal stressed-skin airship and contributed to aerospace technology research.

neg: Michael J. Adams Michael James "Mike" Adams (May 5, 1930 – November 15, 1967), (Maj, USAF), was an American aviator, aeronautical engineer, and USAF astronaut. He was the first American space mission fatality, according to the United States definition.

neg: Guglielmo Marconi Guglielmo Marconi, 1st Marquis of Marconi ( ; ] ; 25 April 187420 July 1937) was an Italian inventor and electrical engineer known for his pioneering work on long-distance radio transmission and for his development of Marconi's law and a radio telegraph system. He is usually credited as the inventor of radio, and he shared the 1909 Nobel Prize in Physics with Karl Ferdinand Braun "in recognition of their contributions to the development of wireless telegraphy".

neg: Jean Piccard Jean Felix Piccard (January 28, 1884 in Basel, Switzerland – January 28, 1963 in Minneapolis, Minnesota), also known as Jean Piccard, was a Swiss-born American chemist, engineer, professor and high-altitude balloonist. He invented clustered high-altitude balloons, and with his wife Jeannette, the plastic balloon. Piccard's inventions and co-inventions are used in balloon flight, aircraft and spacecraft.

neg: Charles Donald Albury Charles Donald Albury (October 12, 1920 – May 23, 2009) was an American military aviator who participated in both atomic bombings of Hiroshima and Nagasaki. He co-piloted the United States Army Air Forces B-29 bomber known as the "Bockscar" during the mission which dropped the second atomic bomb on Nagasaki on August 9, 1945. The bombing of Nagasaki killed an estimated 40,000 people instantly, and led to Japan's unconditional surrender on August 14, 1945, ending World War II.

neg: Frank Barnwell Captain Frank Sowter Barnwell OBE AFC FRAeS BSc (1880 – 2 August 1938) was a British aeronautical engineer. With his elder brother Harold he built the first successful powered aircraft made in Scotland and later went on to a career as an aircraft designer with the Bristol Aeroplane Company, designing aircraft such as the Bristol Fighter, the Bulldog and the Blenheim.

neg: Henri Mignet Henri Mignet, (October 19, 1893 – August 31, 1965), was a French radio engineer who became well known as an aircraft designer and builder. His most famous design is the "Flying Flea" family of aircraft.

neg: Franz Reichelt Franz Reichelt (1879 – 4 February 1912), also known as Frantz Reichelt or François Reichelt, was an Austrian-born French tailor, inventor and parachuting pioneer, now sometimes referred to as the Flying Tailor, who is remembered for jumping to his death from the Eiffel Tower while testing a wearable parachute of his own design. Reichelt had become fixated on developing a suit for aviators that would convert into a parachute and allow them to survive a fall should they be forced to leave their aircraft. Initial experiments conducted with dummies dropped from the fifth floor of his apartment building had been successful, but he was unable to replicate those early successes with any of his subsequent designs.

neg: Henderson H.S.F.1 The Henderson H.S.F.1 was a British six-seat low-wing monoplane designed by J. Bewsher and built by the Henderson School of Flying. Only one aircraft was built and it was scrapped in 1930 following the death of the owner George Lockhart Piercy Henderson.

neg: Friedrich Zollinger Friedrich Zollinger, also known as "Fritz Zollinger" (March 31, 1880 – April 19, 1945) was a German architect, engineer, buildings official and town planner.

neg: Hugh DeHaven Hugh DeHaven (3 March 1895 – 13 February 1980) was an American pilot, engineer and passive safety pioneer. DeHaven survived a plane crash while training as a Royal Canadian Flying Corps pilot during the First World War, and became interested in improving human survivability in vehicle crashes. He has been called "Father of Crash Survivability".

neg: Per Lindstrand Per Lindstrand (born September 8, 1948) is a Swedish aeronautical engineer, pilot, adventurer and entrepreneur. He is particularly known for his series of record-breaking trans-oceanic hot air balloon flights and, later, attempts to be the first to fly a Rozière balloon around the Earth – all with British entrepreneur, Sir Richard Branson. He is also the founder of eponymous Lindstrand Balloons hot air balloon manufacturer based in Oswestry, England.

neg: Forrest Bird Forrest Morton Bird (June 9, 1921 – August 2, 2015) was an American aviator, inventor, and biomedical engineer. He is best known for having created some of the first reliable mass-produced mechanical ventilators for acute and chronic cardiopulmonary care.

neg: Peter Mulgrew Peter David Mulgrew {'1': ", '2': ", '3': ", '4': "} (21 November 1927 – 28 November 1979) was a New Zealand mountaineer, yachtsman and businessman. He died in the crash of Air New Zealand Flight 901, an Antarctic sightseeing flight that slammed into Mount Erebus, killing all 257 on board. He was a commentator on the flight, having replaced his close friend Sir Edmund Hillary, who was on a scheduled speaking tour of the United States. In 1989 his widow, June, married Hillary.

neg: Glenn Curtiss Glenn Hammond Curtiss (May 21, 1878 – July 23, 1930) was an American aviation pioneer and a founder of the U.S. aircraft industry. He began his career as a bicycle racer and builder before moving on to motorcycles. As early as 1904, he began to manufacture engines for airships. In 1908 Curtiss joined the Aerial Experiment Association (AEA), a pioneering research group, founded by Alexander Graham Bell at Beinn Bhreagh, Nova Scotia to build flying machines.

neg: Hugo Kaulen Hugo Kaulen, Sr. (October 28, 1869 - July 9, 1954) was a pioneering German balloonist.

neg: Max Valier Max Valier (February 9, 1895 – May 17, 1930) was an Austrian rocketry pioneer. He helped found the German "Verein für Raumschiffahrt" (VfR - "Spaceflight Society") that would bring together many of the minds that would later make spaceflight a reality in the 20th century.

neg: Charles Bassett Charles Arthur "Charlie" Bassett II (December 30, 1931 – February 28, 1966), (Capt, USAF), was an American electrical engineer and United States Air Force test pilot. He was selected as a NASA astronaut in 1963 and assigned to "Gemini 9", but died in an airplane crash during training for his first spaceflight.

neg: Percival G. Spencer Percival Green Spencer (11 November 1864, Islington, London, England – 11 April 1913, Highbury, London) was a British pioneering balloonist and parachutist.


query: Who had more occupations in the cinema industry, George Stevens or Claire Denis?

pos: George Stevens George Cooper Stevens (December 18, 1904 – March 8, 1975) was an American film director, producer, screenwriter and cinematographer.

pos: Claire Denis Claire Denis (] ; born 21 April 1946) is a French film director and writer. Denis is widely considered as one of the strongest voices in contemporary world cinema: her films "White Material" and "35 Shots of Rum" are frequently included among the best films of the 21st century, and, alongside her earlier works, e.g. Chocolat and Beau Travail, are considered as modern masterpieces and among the greatest films directed by women in the history of cinema. Her work has a lasting impact on cinematic identity of Europe and has dealt with themes of colonial and post-colonial West Africa, as well as issues in modern France.

neg: Dennis Lewiston Dennis C. Lewiston or Denis Lewiston (May 22, 1934 – June 8, 2014) was a cinematographer and former camera operator with a career spanning the 1960s through the 1990s. He has worked mostly on American television movies. He occasionally worked as a film director or screenwriter.

neg: George Alexander Stevens George Alexander Stevens (1710 – 6 September 1780) was an English actor, playwright, poet, and songwriter. He was born in the parish of St. Andrews, in Holborn, a neighbourhood of London. After spending many years as a travelling actor, he performed for the theatre in Covent Garden (now the Royal Opera House).

neg: Theatr Gwaun Theatr Gwaun is a cinema/theatre in Fishguard, Pembrokeshire.

neg: George Kleine George Kleine (1864 - 8 June 1931) was an American film producer and cinema pioneer.

neg: Georges Corraface Georges Corraface (Greek: Γιώργος Χωραφάς , "Giórgos Chorafás"; born 7 December 1952) is a Greek-French actor. He has had an international career in film and television, following many years in French theatre, notably as a member of the famed Peter Brook Company. His film credits include "To Tama", "Escape from L.A.", "La Pasión Turca", "Vive La Mariée", "Impromptu", "", A touch of Spice (Politiki Kouzina) and a feature film debut in "The Mahabharata". His most famous television appearances include "La Bicyclette Bleue", "L'Éte Rouge" and "The Young Indiana Jones Chronicles".

neg: George Irving (English actor) George Irving is a British actor known for playing Anton Meyer in "Holby City" from 1999 to 2002. He has also been in "The Sweeney", "The Professionals", "Shoestring", "Juliet Bravo", "Bergerac", "Dempsey and Makepeace", "EastEnders" as Trevor Smith, "Coronation Street", "Inspector Morse", "Peak Practice", "The Bill", "Dangerfield", "Cadfael", "Casualty", "Dalziel and Pascoe" and "Doctors".

neg: Susan George (actress) Susan Melody George (born 26 July 1950) is an English film and television actress, film producer, and Arabian horse breeder.

neg: Dorothy Stevens Dorothy Stevens (2 September 1888 – 5 June 1966) was a Canadian etcher, portrait painter, print maker, illustrator and teacher, perhaps the most accomplished Canadian etcher of her day. She is known for the prints she made of factory workers during World War I. She exhibited in Canada, the United States, England and France. She was active in several Canadian artists associations. Her works are held in several public art galleries.

neg: Jeannette Lee (Rough Trade) Jeannette Lee is a British music record executive, music manager, filmmaker and former musician. A retail worker at the Acme Attractions store that, along with the SEX boutique run by Malcolm McLaren and Vivienne Westwood, was instrumental in spawning punk in the UK,

neg: George Foley (actor) George Foley was a British actor of the silent era.

neg: Claire Wong Claire Wong is a Singapore-based stage and film actress, director and filmmaker.

neg: Esther Waters (film) Esther Waters is a 1948 British drama film directed by Ian Dalrymple and Peter Proud and starring Kathleen Ryan, Dirk Bogarde (first credited film appearance), and Cyril Cusack. It is an adaptation of the 1894 novel "Esther Waters" by George Moore.

neg: George Beranger George Beranger (27 March 1893 – 8 March 1973), also known as André Beranger, was an Australian actor and Hollywood and stage director

neg: George Fitzmaurice George Fitzmaurice (13 February 1885 – 13 June 1940) was a French-born film director and producer.

neg: George Cross (actor) George Cross (c. 1873 - 12 August 1949) was an Australian actor and casting director. For many years he was a leading actor, producer and director on stage, including a stint in San Francisco. In the 1930s he was in charge of casting at Cinesound Productions where his discoveries included Jocelyn Howarth and Shirley Ann Richards.

neg: A London Flat Mystery A London Flat Mystery is a 1915 British silent crime film directed by Walter West and starring Vera Cornish, George Foley and Reginald Stevens. It is also known by the alternative title The Mystery of a London Flat. The screenplay concerns a Scotland Yard detective who believes two recent murders are linked and sets out to hunt down the killer.

neg: Andrew Stevens Andrew Stevens (born June 10, 1955) is an American executive, film producer, director and actor.

neg: Cinema of Wales The Cinema of Wales comprises the art of film and creative movies made in Wales or by Welsh filmmakers either locally or abroad. Welsh cinema began in the late-19th century, led by Welsh-based director William Haggar. Wales continued to produce film of varying quality throughout the 20th century, in both the Welsh and English languages, though indigenous production was curtailed through a lack of infrastructure and finance, which prevented the growth of the industry nationally. Despite this, Wales has been represented in all fields of the film making process, producing actors and directors of note.

neg: Germaine Dulac Germaine Dulac (] ; born Charlotte Elisabeth Germaine Saisset-Schneider; 17 November 1882 – 20 July 1942) was a French filmmaker, film theorist, journalist and critic. She was born in Amiens and moved to Paris in early childhood. A few years after her marriage she embarked on a journalistic career in a feminist magazine, and later became interested in film. With the help of her husband and friend she founded a film company and directed a few commercial works before slowly moving into Impressionist and Surrealist territory. She is best known today for her Impressionist film, "La Souriante Madame Beudet" ("The Smiling Madam Beudet", 1922/23), and her Surrealist experiment, "La Coquille et le Clergyman" ("The Seashell and the Clergyman", 1928). Her career as filmmaker suffered after the introduction of sound film and she spent the last decade of her life working on newsreels for Pathé and Gaumont.

neg: George Marlow George Marlow (24 September 1876 – 21 May 1939) (born Joseph Marks) was an Australian theatrical entrepreneur born in London of Jewish extraction, noted for bringing melodrama and pantomime to Sydney audiences in the early 1900s.


query: Ralph Steadman is best known for his illustrations in Fear and Loathing in Las Vegas written by which American author?

pos: Fear and Loathing in Las Vegas Fear and Loathing in Las Vegas: A Savage Journey to the Heart of the American Dream is a novel by Hunter S. Thompson, illustrated by Ralph Steadman. The book is a roman à clef, rooted in autobiographical incidents. The story follows its protagonist, Raoul Duke, and his attorney, Dr. Gonzo, as they descend on Las Vegas to chase the American Dream through a drug-induced haze, all the while ruminating on the failure of the 1960s countercultural movement. The work is Thompson's most famous book, and is noted for its lurid descriptions of illegal drug use and its early retrospective on the culture of the 1960s. Its popularization of Thompson's highly subjective blend of fact and fiction has become known as gonzo journalism. The novel first appeared as a two-part series in "Rolling Stone" magazine in 1971, was published as a book in 1972. It was later adapted into a film of the same name in 1998 by Terry Gilliam, starring Johnny Depp and Benicio del Toro who portrayed Raoul Duke and Dr. Gonzo, respectively.

pos: Ralph Steadman Ralph Steadman (born 15 May 1936) is a Welsh artist best known for his work with American author Hunter S. Thompson.

neg: Louis Bayard Louis Bayard (born November 30, 1963 in Albuquerque, New Mexico) is an American author. His historical mysteries include "The Pale Blue Eye", "Mr. Timothy", "The Black Tower", "The School of Night" and "Roosevelt's Beast", and have been translated into 11 languages.

neg: Jon Stebbins Jon Stebbins is a Los Osos, California-based musician and author of four books about The Beach Boys, as well as two other books.

neg: Eleanore Barté Eleanore Amelie Barté (June 11, 1893 – November 15, 1946) was an American author and illustrator of children's books. She was born in Milwaukee to Frank Barte, a machinist born in Wisconsin to German immigrants, and Anna H. Stakl or Steckl, born in Germany.

neg: Clyde Brion Davis Clyde Brion Davis (May 22, 1894–July 19, 1962) was an American author and freelance journalist active from the mid-1920s until his death. Davis is best known for his novels "The Anointed" and "The Great American Novel", though he authored more than 15 books.

neg: Mark Stephen Meadows Mark Stephen Meadows is an American author, entrepreneur, and artist.

neg: Simms Taback Simms Taback (February 13, 1932 – December 25, 2011) was an American writer, graphic artist, and illustrator of more than 35 books. He won the 2000 Caldecott Medal for U.S. picture book illustration, recognizing "Joseph Had a Little Overcoat", and was a runner-up in 1998 for "There Was an Old Lady Who Swallowed a Fly".

neg: Anna Lee Waldo Anna Lee Waldo is an American historical fiction author. She is most noted for her novel "Sacajawea".

neg: Tim Steed Tim Steed (born December 30, 1957 in Knoxville, Tennessee) is an American comedian, author, screenwriter, songwriter, and keynote speaker.

neg: Haden Blackman W. Haden Blackman is an American writer and video game designer.

neg: Don D'Ammassa Donald Eugene D'Ammassa (born April 24, 1946) is an American fantasy, science fiction and horror reviewer and author. He is chiefly known for his numerous reviews, written over a period of more than thirty years. He writes as Don D'Ammassa.

neg: Barry Lopez Barry Holstun Lopez (born January 6, 1945) is an American author, essayist, and fiction writer whose work is known for its humanitarian and environmental concerns. He won the National Book Award for Nonfiction for "Arctic Dreams" (1986) and his "Of Wolves and Men" (1978) was a National Book Award finalist.

neg: Daniel Olivas Daniel Olivas (born April 8, 1959 in Los Angeles, California) is a United States author and attorney.

neg: Bill Kunkel (gaming) Bill Kunkel (July 21, 1950 – September 4, 2011) was a graphic novelist, and pioneering professional wrestling and video game journalist and critic from the 1970s until his death in the early 2010s. During his time working with the video game industry, Kunkel authored numerous strategy guides, co-designed several video games, served as an expert witness in three court cases, and taught courses in Game Design for the University of Nevada, Las Vegas (UNLV). Kunkel served as the executive editor of "Electronic Games Magazine" and the editor-in-chief of "Tips & Tricks" magazine, writing columns and comics for several magazines and game sites. He often wrote under nicknames, the most common of which were "The Game Doctor" (for video game topics), and "Potshot" (for professional wrestling topics).

neg: Bernie Wrightson Bernard Albert "Bernie" Wrightson (October 27, 1948 – March 18, 2017), sometimes credited as Berni Wrightson, was an American artist, known for co-creating the Swamp Thing, his adaptation of the novel "Frankenstein" illustration work, and for his other horror comics and illustrations, which feature his trademark intricate pen and brushwork.

neg: T. Lewis Thomas Leslie Lewis III, mostly known as T. Lewis, is an American artist who has worked as a book illustrator. He received the National Cartoonist Society Book Illustration Award for 1999. He illustrates the comic strip "Over the Hedge".

neg: Tom Purdom Thomas Edward Purdom (born 1936) is an American writer best known for science fiction and nonfiction. His story "Fossil Games" was a nominee for the Hugo Award for Best Novelette in 2000. He has also done music criticism since 1988. His works have been translated into German, Chinese, Burmese, Russian, and Czech. He lives in Philadelphia.

neg: Lawrence Linderman Lawrence Linderman is a writer who has written extensively for "Playboy" and "Penthouse" magazines. He also helped Beverly Sills pen her autobiography.

neg: Sue Fliess Sue Fliess is an American author, copywriter, and freelancer.

neg: Jim Steranko James F. Steranko ( ; born November 5, 1938) is an American graphic artist, comic book writer/artist, comics historian, magician, publisher and film production illustrator.

neg: Len Steckler Len Steckler (May 6, 1928 – August 11, 2016) was an American photographer, illustrator, and filmmaker. Steckler was known for the artistry behind many famous ad campaigns, including Pepsi Cola's "Refreshes Without Filling" illustrations in the 1950s, Noxzema's "Take it off — Take it all off" television commercials in the early 1970s, and an ad featuring Joe Namath in Hanes pantyhose. In 2010, he received widespread attention for the release of a previously unknown series of photographs, entitled "Marilyn Monroe: The Visit", which offered a candid glimpse of a 1961 encounter between Monroe and famed poet Carl Sandburg.


query: When was the  Indian businessman who was the managing director of Escorts Group born

pos: Escorts Group The Escorts Group is an Indian engineering company that operates in the sectors of agri-machinery, construction and material handling equipment, railway equipment and auto components. Headquartered in Faridabad, Haryana, the company was launched in 1944 and has marketing operations in more than 40 countries. Escorts Group’s management team includes Rajan Nanda as the Chairman and Managing Director and Nikhil Nanda as the Managing Director.

pos: Nikhil Nanda Nikhil Nanda (born 18 March 1974) is an Indian businessman. Part of the Kapoor family, he is the son of insurance agent Ritu Nanda and industrialist Rajan Nanda, and the grandson of actorfilmmaker Raj Kapoor. He is the managing director of Escorts Limited, an engineering company that manufacture agricultural machinery, machine construction and material handling equipment and railway equipment. Escorts Limited was founded in 1948 by his paternal grandfather, Har Prasad Nanda (known as H.P. Nanda).The company’s corporate headquarters is in Faridabad, Haryana, India. He is married to Shweta Bachchan, the daughter of veteran actors Amitabh Bachchan and Jaya Bhaduriand has two children with her.

neg: Harakh Chand Nahata Harakh Chand Nahata (18 July 1936 – 21 February 1999) was a prominent Indian businessman and social leader.

neg: Anuj Saxena Anuj Saxena (Hindi: अनुज सक्सेना ; born 31 July 1967) is an Indian actor, model, producer and business person.

neg: S. Anantharamakrishnan Sivasailam Anantharamakrishnan (1905 – 18 April 1964), affectionately called "J" was an Indian industrialist and business tycoon who founded and led the Amalgamations Group of industries from 1945 to 1964.

neg: Pankaj Patel Pankaj Ramanbhai Patel (born 1951) is an Indian businessman, the chairman and managing director of Cadila Healthcare, the fifth largest pharmaceutical company in India.

neg: Devendra Surana Devendra Surana (हिंदी: देवेम्द्र सुराना) (born 8 February 1965 in Hyderabad) is an Industrialist, Managing Director of Bhagyanagar India Limited and Director of Surana Ventures Limited and Surana Group of Companies. Surana Group of Companies, manufactures Solar Photo-voltaic Panels, Auto Electrical,Copper Products, Wind and Solar Power.

neg: Abhijit Pawar Abhijit Pawar (born 17 February 1972) is the Managing Director of Sakal Media Group. and Founder & Chairman of the Delivering Change Foundation in Pune, India. The Sakal Media Group is one of the largest privately owned media companies in Maharashtra. Abhijit took up the role of ‘Group Managing Director’ of the entire media group in 2004 and his father Pratap Govindrao Pawar took up the role of ‘Mentor and Chairman’.

neg: Abis Rizvi Abis Hasan Rizvi (27 February 1968 – 1 January 2017) was an Indian businessman, CEO of real estate company Rizvi Builders and film producer.

neg: Pankaj Munjal Pankaj Munjal (born 15 December 1962) is an Indian businessman, and Chairman and Managing Director of Hero Cycles Limited, based in Punjab, India, taking over the company from his father in 2015.

neg: Rajen A. Kilachand Rajen Arvind Dev Kilachand is the chairman and President of the UAE-based Dodsal Group.

neg: Nimesh Kampani Nimesh Kampani (born 30 September 1946) is an Indian investment banker. He is the founder and chairman of the JM Financial group of companies, one of India’s leading players in the financial services space. His personal wealth was valued at US$595 million in 2009 making him the 83rd richest in India, at that time. The Kampani family's combined direct and indirect equity ownership of JM Financial Ltd is between 60% and 65%. "Livemint" called him along with Hemendra Kothari and Uday Kotak the "Three K's" of India's leaders in investment banking.

neg: Cheril Krishna Menon Cheril Krishna Menon, popularly known as C. K. Menon, is an Indian entrepreneur and philanthropist. He is the chairman and chief executive officer of Behzad Corporation, headquartered in Doha, Qatar, which has presence in many other countries. A recipient of the 2006 Pravasi Bharatiya Samman, Menon was honored again by the Government of India, in 2009, with the fourth highest Indian civilian award of Padma Shri.

neg: Noel Tata Noel Naval Tata (1957) is an Indian businessman, who is the Chairman of Trent Ltd and Managing Director of Tata International. He is also the chairman of Tata Investment Corporation.

neg: Moosa Bin Shamsher Moosa Bin Shamsher (Bengali: মুসা বিন সামসের ; born 15 October 1945) is a Bangladeshi business tycoon and the chairman and CEO of DATCO Group.

neg: Bimal Jalan Bimal Jalan (born 17 August 1941) is a former Governor of Reserve Bank of India and

neg: Rajmohan Pillai Dr. J. Rajmohan Pillai (born 12 May 1964) is an Indian businessman, currently the Chairman of Beta Group.

neg: Samir Modi Samir Modi (born 15 December 1969) is an Indian entrepreneur and the younger son of Indian businessman K.K. Modi and his wife Bina Modi. He is an Executive Director at Modi Enterprises, which was founded by his grandfather, Rai Bahadur Gujarmal Modi, in 1933. He is also an executive director of Godfrey Phillips India and a director of Indofil Industries Ltd. He has been instrumental in launching various new initiatives for the Modi Group, including Modicare, Colorbar Cosmetics and Twenty Four Seven Retail Stores.

neg: Mahendra Mehta Mahendra Singh Mehta (हिंदी: महेन्द्र सिंह मेहता; born 9 December 1955) is an Indian businessman. He is the chief executive of Vedanta Resources plc, a British multinational diversified metals and mining company.

neg: Ratan Tata Ratan Naval Tata (born 28 December 1937) is an Indian industrialist, investor, philanthropist, and former chairman of Tata Sons. He was the chairman of Tata Group, a Mumbai-based global business conglomerate from 1991 till 2012 and again from 24 October 2016 for an interim term, and continues to head its charitable trusts. He is the recipient of two of the highest civilian awards of India–Padma Vibhushan (2008) and Padma Bhushan (2000).

neg: Ian Sarson Ian James Sarson (born 15 March 1963) is a British businessman, and the former Managing Director of Compass Group UK & Ireland.

neg: Pramod Agarwal Pramod Agarwal (born September 1954) is an Indian businessman.


query: The author of Elizabeth McPherson series won an award for another book in 1995, what was the award?

pos: She Walks These Hills She Walks These Hills is a book written by Sharyn McCrumb and published by Charles Scribner's Sons in 1994, which later went on to win the Anthony Award for Best Novel in 1995.

pos: Sharyn McCrumb Sharyn McCrumb (born February 26, 1948) is an American writer whose books celebrate the history and folklore of Appalachia. McCrumb is the winner of numerous literary awards, and the author of the Elizabeth McPherson series, the Ballad series, and the St. Dale series.

neg: When Christ and His Saints Slept When Christ and His Saints Slept is a historical novel written by Sharon Kay Penman, published in 1995. It is the first of Penman's Plantagenet trilogy, (ultimately five books) followed by "Time and Chance", "Devil's Brood", "Lionheart" and "A King's Ransom". In the book Penman introduces the genesis of the Plantagenet dynasty as Empress Maude battles to secure her claim to the English throne, ultimately more for her young son Henry Plantagenet, than for herself. Penman chronicles the story of cousins Maude and Stephen as they fight for England’s throne.

neg: Katwalk Katwalk (ISBN  ) is a book written by Karen Kijewski and published by St. Martin's Press (owned by Macmillan Publishers with parent company Holtzbrinck Publishing Group), which later went on to win the Anthony Award for Best First Novel in 1990.

neg: A Grave Talent A Grave Talent (1993) is the first book in Laurie R. King's Kate Martinelli series. Concerning the search for the murderer of several young girls, it won the 1994 Edgar Award for Best First Novel. It is followed by "To Play the Fool".

neg: Christy Award The Christy Awards are awarded each year to recognize novels of excellence written from a Christian worldview. Awards are given in several genres, including contemporary (stand-alone novels and series), historical, romance (contemporary and historical), suspense, and visionary. In addition, an award is given for first novel and young adult.

neg: Elizabeth Becker Elizabeth Becker is an award-winning author and journalist who covered national and international affairs as a New York Times correspondent and was a member of the staff that won the 2002 Pulitzer Prize for Public Service. She was the Senior Foreign Editor of National Public Radio where she received two DuPont-Columbia Awards as executive producer for reporting of South Africa’s first democratic elections and the Rwanda genocide. She began her career as a war correspondent for "The Washington Post" covering Cambodia. She is the author of "When the War Was Over, a modern history of Cambodia and the Khmer Rouge," for which she won a Robert F. Kennedy book citation.

neg: When I Lived in Modern Times When I Lived in Modern Times is a novel by Linda Grant. It won the Orange Prize for Fiction in 2000. Following being awarded the Orange Prize, there were accusations of plagiarism leveled against the author. The accusations were claimed to be unfounded as the tracts indicated had been referenced, and agreed to be used, by the original publisher.

neg: Acceptable Risk Acceptable Risk is a 1995 novel by American author Robin Cook.

neg: David Higham Prize for Fiction The David Higham Prize for Fiction was inaugurated in 1975 to mark the 80th birthday of David Higham, literary agent, and was awarded annually to a citizen of the Commonwealth, Republic of Ireland, Pakistan, or South Africa for a first novel or book of short stories. It was cancelled in 1999 due to "the lack of publicity its winners received."

neg: The Wizard and the Witch The Wizard and the Witch is a children’s fantasy book written by Jean Ure. It is the final book of "The Wizard trilogy" and was published in 1995.

neg: Earthborn Earthborn (1995) is the concluding fifth book of the Homecoming Saga by Orson Scott Card. The Homecoming saga is a fictionalization of the first few hundred years recorded in the Book of Mormon.

neg: Elizabeth Sims Elizabeth Sims (born September 30, 1957) is an American writer, journalist, and contributing editor at "Writer's Digest" magazine. She is a former correspondent for the "Sarasota Herald-Tribune" and author of two series of crime novels, including her Rita Farmer Mystery Series, originally published by St. Martin's Press Minotaur and Lillian Byrd Crime Series, originally published by Alyson Books. She has also published a stand-alone novel, "Crimes in a Second Language", under her personal imprint, Spruce Park Press. Her nonfiction works include "You've Got a Book in You: A Stress-Free Guide to Writing the Book of Your Dreams", published by Writer's Digest Books, articles, short stories, poems, and essays for magazines and books. She also serves as a coach and mentor for new and aspiring writers and offers keynote speeches and presents workshops at writer's conferences around North America.

neg: The Perilous Gard The Perilous Gard is an American young adult novel by Elizabeth Marie Pope, published in 1974. It was awarded the Newbery Honor in 1975.

neg: The Naughtiest Girl Keeps a Secret The Naughtiest Girl Keeps a Secret (1999) is the first of a continuation of Enid Blyton's The Naughtiest Girl series by Anne Digby. The series follows four books first written by Enid Blyton in the 1940s, continuing Elizabeth Allen's adventures at Whyteleafe School. Elizabeth is still in the first form.

neg: The Book of Atrix Wolfe The Book of Atrix Wolfe is a 1995 fantasy novel written by American author Patricia A. McKillip. It was a finalist for the 1996 Mythopoeic Fantasy Award for Adult Literature.

neg: Amelia Elizabeth Walden Award The Amelia Elizabeth Walden Award, presented by The Assembly on Literature for Adolescents of the National Council of Teachers of English (ALAN), is an annual award in the United States for a book that exemplifies literary excellence, widespread appeal, and a positive approach to life in young adult literature. It is named for Amelia Elizabeth Walden who died in Westport, Connecticut in 2002 and was a pioneer in the field of Young Adult Literature. The national award is presented annually to the author of a title selected by ALAN's Amelia Elizabeth Walden Award Committee.

neg: Baileys Women's Prize for Fiction The Baileys Women's Prize for Fiction (previously with sponsor names Orange Prize for Fiction (1996–2006 and 2009–12) and Orange Broadband Prize for Fiction (2007–08)) is one of the United Kingdom's most prestigious literary prizes. It is awarded annually to a female author of any nationality for the best original full-length novel written in English and published in the United Kingdom in the preceding year.

neg: Relic (novel) Relic is a 1995 novel by American authors Douglas Preston and Lincoln Child, and the first in the Special Agent Pendergast series. As a techno-thriller, it comments on the possibilities inherent in genetic manipulation, and is critical of museums and their role both in society and in the scientific community. It is the basis of the film "The Relic" (1997).

neg: Jackson's Dilemma Jackson's Dilemma is a novel by Iris Murdoch, published in 1995. It was Murdoch's last novel; she died four years later, on 8 February 1999.

neg: The Best American Short Stories 1995 The Best American Short Stories 1995, a volume in "The Best American Short Stories series", was edited by Katrina Kennison and by guest editor Jane Smiley.

neg: Liz Parker Elizabeth "Liz" Parker is a fictional character and the protagonist of the "Roswell High" book series and "Roswell" T.V. series that ran from 1999 to 2002. The character was portrayed by Shiri Appleby.


query: The 2005 Major League Baseball season included a suspension for which retired Cuban American left fielder for steroid use?

pos: 2005 Major League Baseball season The 2005 Major League Baseball season was notable for the league's new steroid policy in the wake of the BALCO scandal, which enforced harsher penalties ever than before for steroid use in Major League Baseball. Several players, including veteran Rafael Palmeiro, were suspended under the new policy. Also, every team in the NL East division had at least 81 wins (at least half of the 162 games played). It was also notable for being the first season featuring a baseball team in Washington, D.C. for more than 4 decades, with the Washington Nationals having moved from Montreal.

pos: Rafael Palmeiro Rafael Palmeiro Corrales (born September 24, 1964) is a retired Cuban American Major League Baseball first baseman and left fielder. Palmeiro was an All-American at Mississippi State University before being drafted by the Chicago Cubs in 1985. He played for the Cubs (1986–1988), Texas Rangers (1989–1993, 1999–2003), and the Baltimore Orioles (1994–1998, 2004–2005). He was named to the MLB All-Star Team four times, and won the Gold Glove three times. He is a member of the 500 home run club and the 3,000 hit club and is one of only five players in history to be a member of both.

neg: John Olerud John Garrett Olerud ( ; nicknamed Johnny O, and Big Rude; born August 5, 1968), is a left-handed American former Major League Baseball first baseman. Olerud played with the Toronto Blue Jays (1989–96), New York Mets (1997–99), Seattle Mariners (2000–2004), New York Yankees (2004) and Boston Red Sox (2005).

neg: Fernando Ramsey Fernando David Ramsey Ramsey (born December 20, 1965) is a former Panamanian center fielder who played in Major League Baseball. Listed at 6' 1" , 175 lb. , Ramsey batted and threw right handed. He was born in Rainbow City, a section of the city of Colón in the Republic of Panama.

neg: Sixto Lezcano Sixto Joaquin Lezcano Curras (born November 28, 1953 in Arecibo, Puerto Rico) is a retired baseball player who played for 12 seasons as an outfielder in the Major Leagues between 1974 and 1985. He played for five teams in the Majors and won a Gold Glove during his career.

neg: Mike Greenwell Michael Lewis Greenwell (born July 18, 1963) is a former left fielder in Major League Baseball who played his entire MLB career with the Boston Red Sox (1985–1996). He played a few games for the Hanshin Tigers in Japan (1997), before retiring. Greenwell was nicknamed "The Gator." He batted left-handed and threw right-handed. He was voted fourth in Rookie of the Year voting in 1987. Greenwell was a leading contender for the AL MVP in 1988, but he lost out to José Canseco, who pulled off the first 40 home run, 40 stolen base season in baseball history. Greenwell hit .325 with 22 HR and 119 RBI in 1988, setting career highs in all three categories.

neg: Bobby Abreu Bob Kelly Abreu ( ; ] ; born March 11, 1974), nicknamed "El Comedulce" and also "La Leche", is a former Venezuelan professional baseball outfielder. He played in Major League Baseball (MLB) for the Houston Astros, Philadelphia Phillies, New York Yankees, Los Angeles Angels of Anaheim, Los Angeles Dodgers, and New York Mets.

neg: Carlos Gómez Carlos Argelis Gómez Peña, nicknamed Go-Go, (born December 4, 1985) is a Dominican professional baseball outfielder for the Texas Rangers of Major League Baseball (MLB). He previously played for the New York Mets, Minnesota Twins, Milwaukee Brewers, and Houston Astros. Gómez is a two-time MLB All-Star and a Gold Glove Award winner.

neg: José Martínez (outfielder) José Alberto Martínez (born July 25, 1988) is a Venezuelan professional baseball left fielder, right fielder, and first baseman for the St. Louis Cardinals of Major League Baseball (MLB). He made his major league debut with the Cardinals on September 6, 2016, after 887 games in ten minor league seasons. He had previously played in the Chicago White Sox, Atlanta Braves, and Kansas City Royals organizations, and in the Frontier League.

neg: Manuel Lee Manuel Lora Lee (born June 17, 1965) is a former shortstop and second baseman for Major League Baseball's Toronto Blue Jays (1985–92), Texas Rangers (1993–94) and St. Louis Cardinals (1995). He was originally signed as an amateur free agent with the New York Mets in 1982.

neg: John Franco John Anthony Franco (born September 17, 1960) is a former Major League Baseball left-handed relief pitcher. During a 22-year baseball career spanning 1984–2005, he pitched for three different National League teams, the Cincinnati Reds, New York Mets, and Houston Astros. His 1,119 career games pitched is an NL record, and ranks fourth in major league history. His 424 career saves ranks fifth all-time in major league history (ranking second when he retired), and remains the most by a left-hander. For 15 of his 22 seasons, he played for the New York Mets, serving as team captain in his final years with the team.

neg: Adrián Nieto Adrián Nieto (born November 12, 1989) is a Cuban professional baseball catcher who is currently a free agent. He has played in Major League Baseball (MLB) for the Chicago White Sox.

neg: Dennys Reyes Dennys Reyes (] ; born April 19, 1977) is a Mexican former professional baseball pitcher. He played for ten teams over a more than decade-long major league career. Reyes throws left-handed and is considered a lefty specialist. He stands 6'3" and weighs 250 pounds. His nickname is "The Big Sweat."

neg: 2005 New York Yankees season The New York Yankees' 2005 season was the 103rd season for the Yankees. The team finished with a record of 95-67 finishing with the same record as the Boston Red Sox but winning the division due to a head-to-head advantage over Boston. New York was managed by Joe Torre. The Yankees played at Yankee Stadium. In the playoffs, they lost in the ALDS in 5 games to the Los Angeles Angels of Anaheim. It was also their eleventh year going to the playoffs in a row.

neg: Juan Espino Juan Espino Reyes (born March 16, 1956 in Bonao, Dominican Republic) is a retired Major League Baseball catcher. He played during four seasons at the major league level for the New York Yankees. He was signed as an amateur free agent by the Yankees in . Espino played his first professional season with their Class A Oneonta Yankees in , and his last with the Atlanta Braves' Triple-A club, the Richmond Braves in .

neg: Melvin Mora Melvin Mora Diaz (born February 2, 1972) is a Venezuelan former professional baseball infielder in Major League Baseball. He played for the New York Mets, Baltimore Orioles, Colorado Rockies and Arizona Diamondbacks.

neg: Teoscar Hernández Teoscar José Hernández (born October 15, 1992) is a Dominican professional baseball outfielder for the Toronto Blue Jays of Major League Baseball (MLB). He previously played for the Houston Astros.

neg: Chico Fernández Humberto Fernández Pérez (March 2, 1932 – June 11, 2016), better known as Chico Fernández, was a Cuban professional baseball shortstop. He played eight seasons in Major League Baseball (MLB) from 1956 to 1963 for the Brooklyn Dodgers, Philadelphia Phillies, Detroit Tigers, and New York Mets. In 1965 he played one season in the Nippon Professional Baseball (NPB) for the Hanshin Tigers.

neg: Yordan Manduley Yordan (Escalante) Manduley (born March 30, 1986) is a Cuban professional baseball pitcher for Québec Capitales in the Canadian American Association of Professional Baseball.

neg: Horacio Estrada Horacio Estrada Jiménez (born October 19, 1975) is a Venezuelan former relief pitcher in Major League Baseball. Listed at 6' 1", Weight: 185 lb., Estrada batted and threw left handed. He was born in San Joaquín, Carabobo.

neg: Ramón Santiago Ramón DeJesus Santiago Dominguez (born August 31, 1979) is a Dominican former professional baseball infielder. Santiago played in Major League Baseball (MLB) for the Detroit Tigers from 2002 to 2003, the Seattle Mariners from 2004 to 2005, again with the Tigers from 2006–2013 and with the Cincinnati Reds in 2014. He spent most of his major league career at shortstop, but also played a significant amount of time at second base, and occasionally third base.

neg: Juan Abreu Juan de Dios Abreu Reyes (born April 8, 1985) is a Dominican former professional baseball pitcher. He played in Major League Baseball for the Houston Astros in 2011.


query: Who was the sheriff of a ghost town in Beaverhead County, Montana?

pos: Innocents (gang) The Innocents were an alleged gang of outlaw road agents in Montana Territory who operated during the gold rush of the 1860s, preying on shipments and travelers carrying gold from Virginia City, Montana. According to the early chronicler Thomas Dimsdale, the gang attempted to steal gold while it was being transported; they killed many travelers who resisted. Sheriff Henry Plummer of Bannack, Montana was accused of leading the group, and was executed by a group of vigilantes from Virginia City in January 1864, along with several other alleged gang members.

pos: Bannack, Montana Bannack is a ghost town in Beaverhead County, Montana, United States, located on Grasshopper Creek, approximately 11 mi upstream from where Grasshopper Creek joins with the Beaverhead River south of Dillon. Founded in 1862, the town contemporarily operates as a National Historic Landmark and is managed by the state of Montana as Bannack State Park.

neg: Thomas C. Marshall Thomas C. Marshall (December 14, 1851 – April 23, 1911) was a pioneer, lawyer, judge, and the 3rd Mayor of Missoula, Montana. He was born in Paducah, Kentucky, and elected county judge of Ballard County, Kentucky, when he was 28. He moved to Missoula in 1883 where he and Frank H. Woody formed the law firm "Woody and Marshall", which dissolved four years later.

neg: Vol Dooley Vol Sevier Dooley, Jr. (January 20, 1927 – August 11, 2014), was the sheriff of Bossier Parish in northwestern Louisiana from 1976 until 1988. Dooley is best known for two events that happened before and after he was sheriff, the false conviction of rodeo star Jack Favor in 1967 and the murder of his youngest son, Vol Dooley, III, in 2001.

neg: Teton County, Montana Teton County is a county located in the U.S. state of Montana. As of the 2010 census, the population was 6,073. Its county seat is Choteau. The county was founded in 1893.

neg: Beaver Mills, Alabama Beaver Mills, also known as Beaver Meadow, is a ghost town in Mobile County, Alabama, United States, near U.S. Route 45, south of Citronelle. It was the site of a paper mill that was also used as a uniform depot during the American Civil War. A post office operated under the name Beaver Meadow from 1890 to 1906.

neg: Michael Downing Michael "Mike" Downing (October 20, 1954 - April 17, 2015) was the Sheriff of Rockingham County, New Hampshire, having served in that role from his election in 2010 until his cancer related death in 2015.

neg: Carter, Montana Carter is a census-designated place (CDP) in Chouteau County, Montana, United States. The population was 58 at the 2010 census.

neg: Beaver, Utah Beaver is a city in Beaver County, Utah, United States. The population was 3,112 at the 2010 census. It is the county seat of Beaver County.

neg: Multnomah County Sheriff's Office Multnomah County Sheriff's Office (MCSO) serves the close to 700,000 residents of Multnomah County, Oregon, United States. Multnomah County Sheriff's Office is a County Law Enforcement agency that handles 9-1-1 calls and assists other city agencies such as Portland Police Bureau. The current Sheriff is Michael Reese. The cities of Maywood Park, Wood Village, and Troutdale contract out the law enforcement services of Multnomah County Sheriff's Office.

neg: Bossburg, Washington Bossburg is a ghost town in Stevens County, Washington, and is located on the east bank of the Columbia River just south of the Canada–US border. Bossburg had a maximum population of 800 in 1892. The town was once named "Young America," although in 1896 it was renamed in honor of the town’s first citizen, C. S. Boss. It is currently best known for the 1969 discovery of the footprints in the snow of a supposed Sasquatch known as "Cripplefoot," and subsequent hi-jinks.

neg: David D. Bogart David D. Bogart (March 31, 1860 – December 1912) was County Clerk and Recorder and the 6th Mayor of Missoula, Montana. He was born in Dawn Mills, Ontario, Canada and moved west with the construction of the Northern Pacific Railway until it reached Missoula in 1883. On May 7, 1888, he was elected as Missoula's 6th mayor and five years later would serve as the County Clerk and Recorder. On March 21, 1895 he was appointed Montana's first State Examiner and would act in the position for two years. Finally, he was elected as a state legislator to the 11 Legislative Assembly in 1909 and served a single term in the Montana House of Representatives. In December 1912, Bogart was killed in an avalanche in Saltese, Montana while prospecting for gold.

neg: David Ward (sheriff) David M. "Dave" Ward is the current sheriff of Harney County, Oregon.

neg: Frank J. Anderson Frank Anderson (born c. 1938) served as Sheriff of Marion County, Indiana from 2003 until 2011 when he was succeeded by Sheriff John R. Layton, and is the first black individual to serve in that post. He is the second black Sheriff in Indiana after Oatess E. Archey.

neg: Grass Range, Montana Grass Range is a town in Fergus County, Montana, United States. The population was 110 at the 2010 census.

neg: Bourne, Oregon Bourne is a ghost town in Baker County, Oregon, United States about 7 mi north of Sumpter in the Blue Mountains. It lies on Cracker Creek and is within the Wallowa–Whitman National Forest. Platted in 1902, the former gold mining boomtown is considered a ghost town today.

neg: Lombard, Montana Lombard is a ghost town in southeastern Broadwater County, Montana, United States. The town was located on the east bank of the Missouri River, just north of the mouth of Sixteen Mile Creek. Lombard was established in 1895 as the western terminus of the Montana Railroad, and the location of its interchange with the Northern Pacific Railway. In 1908, the Montana Railroad was incorporated into the new transcontinental main line of the Chicago, Milwaukee, St. Paul and Pacific Railroad ("the Milwaukee Road"). This lessened Lombard's importance as a railroad operational base, but the town survived as an interchange point between the Milwaukee and the Northern Pacific.

neg: Eagle City, Utah Eagle City is a ghost town located in Garfield County, Utah, United States. Nestled in Bromide Basin high in the remote Henry Mountains of southern Utah, it was a gold mining camp. Eagle City was settled about 1890, but was almost abandoned by the start of World War I. A single resident remained until the 1970s.

neg: Ravalli, Montana Ravalli (Salish: sk̓ʷɫólqʷe, sk̓ʷɫʔó) is a census-designated place (CDP) in Lake County, Montana, United States. The population was 119 at the 2000 census. At one time Charlie Allard, the country's leading expert on breeding bison, owned the country's largest herd of buffalo in Ravalli.

neg: Outlook, Montana Outlook is a town in Sheridan County, Montana, United States. The population was 47 at the 2010 census.

neg: Marion, Montana Marion is a census-designated place and unincorporated community in Flathead County, Montana, United States. Its population was 886 as of the 2010 census. Marion has a post office with ZIP code 59925.

neg: Dooley, Montana Dooley is a ghost town in northeastern Sheridan County, Montana, United States. The town was established as a station stop and one of the first four depots along the Soo Line Railroad branch line to Whitetail, Montana.


query: What is the name of the town that the second president and chairman of the board of Marshall Field & Company gifted a library to ?

pos: Shedd-Porter Memorial Library The Shedd-Porter Memorial Library, located at 3 Main Street, is the public library of Alstead, New Hampshire. The library building was a gift to the town from John Graves Shedd and Mary Roenna Porter, and is a Beaux Arts building built in 1910 to a design by William H. McLean and Albert H. Wright. Shedd also donated 2,000 books to the library, whose collection now exceeds 10,000 volumes.

pos: John G. Shedd John Graves Shedd (July 20, 1850October 22, 1926) was the second president and chairman of the board of Marshall Field & Company.

neg: Edward E. Ayer Edward Everett Ayer (November 16, 1841 – May 3, 1927) was an American business magnate, best remembered for the endowments of his substantial collections of books and original manuscripts from Native American and colonial-era history and ethnology, which were donated to the Newberry Library and Field Museum of Natural History in Chicago. Ayer had over time built an immense fortune out of supplying timber to the 19th century’s fast-growing railroad industry. However, it was a chance encounter in his youth with a book that inspired Ayer's lifelong investments of time and money that resulted one of the largest collections of historical and American literature accumulated by the early 20th century. That book was William H. Prescott’s famous "History of the Conquest of Mexico", which Ayer first read in a small library attached to a silver mine south of Tucson Ayer had been guarding as part of his military service. By his own account, he was indelibly marked by what he read and it became the foundation for his insatiable interest in Indian Americana literature.

neg: Ted Field Frederick Woodruff "Ted" Field (born June 1, 1953) is an American media mogul, entrepreneur and film producer.

neg: Fieldale Historic District Fieldale Historic District is a national historic district located at Fieldale, Henry County, Virginia. The district encompasses 329 contributing buildings and 2 contributing structures in the town of Fieldale. The majority of the buildings were built after 1916-1917 by the Marshall Field and Company as workers housing for the Fieldcrest Mills. Other notable buildings and structures include the Fieldcrest Mills Complex with the upper mill, lower mill, gatehouse, warehouse, water infiltration plant, and welder's shop; Danville & Western Station; Route 701 Bridge; Bank of Fieldale/Post Office; Fieldale Café (Fieldale Grocery; former Theater/Drug Store; Ramona’s Dress Shop/Wilson’s Grocery

neg: Abraham Lincoln Presidential Library and Museum The Abraham Lincoln Presidential Library and Museum documents the life of the 16th U.S. President, Abraham Lincoln, and the course of the American Civil War. Combining traditional scholarship with 21st-century showmanship techniques, the museum ranks as one of the most visited presidential libraries. Its library, in addition to housing an extensive collection on Lincoln, also houses the collection of the Illinois State Historical Library, founded by the state in 1889. The library and museum is located in the state capital of Springfield, Illinois, and is overseen by as an agency of state government. It is not affiliated with the U.S. National Archives and its system of Presidential Libraries.

neg: West Bloomfield Township Public Library The West Bloomfield Township Public Library is located in West Bloomfield, Michigan, 20 mi northwest of Detroit. The library system consists of the Main Branch and the Westacres Branch and serves the communities of West Bloomfield Township, and the cities of Keego Harbor, Orchard Lake and Sylvan Lake. West Bloomfield was ranked on Hennen’s American Public Library Ratings Index of top public libraries in 2005 and 2008. The West Bloomfield Township Public Library has been named one of 10 recipients of the 2010 National Medal for Museum and Library Service, the United States of America's highest honor for museums and libraries. The annual award, made by the Institute of Museum and Library Services (IMLS) since 1994, recognizes institutions (5 libraries and 5 museums) for outstanding social, educational, environmental, or economic contributions to their communities.

neg: Marshall, Minnesota Marshall is a city in Lyon County, Minnesota, United States. The population was 13,680 at the 2010 census. Marshall is a regional center in southwest Minnesota, and the county seat of Lyon County. Marshall is the headquarters of the Schwan Food Company and the home of Southwest Minnesota State University. Marshall is also the site of Exelon Wind's Marshall Wind Project.

neg: Mirror Lake Library The St. Petersburg Public Library (also known as the Mirror Lake Community Library or Carnegie Library) is a Carnegie library built in 1915 in "Beaux-Arts" style. It was one of 10 Florida Carnegie libraries to receive grants awarded by the Carnegie Corporation of New York from 1901 to 1917. Steel magnate and philanthropist Andrew Carnegie provided funding for more than 3,000 Carnegie libraries in the United States, Canada, and Europe. The library is significant to the city's history as the first permanent home of the public library system and embodies the transformation of the city in the second decade of the twentieth century from a pioneer village to a city with viable cultural institutions.

neg: Alan Sagner Alan Louis Sagner (born September 13, 1920) is an American Democratic Party politician, businessman and philanthropist who served as New Jersey Commissioner of Transportation, as Chairman of the Port Authority of New York and New Jersey, and as Chairman of the Corporation for Public Broadcasting.

neg: Hiram S. Town Hiram S. Town (November 9, 1832 – July 7, 1901) was an American farmer and politician.

neg: Spafford, New York Spafford is a town in Onondaga County, New York, United States. The population was 1,686 at the 2010 census. The town was named after Horatio Gates Spafford, a writer and founder of the local library. Spafford is in the southwest corner of Onondaga County and is southwest of Syracuse.

neg: Presidential Townhouse The Presidential Townhouse is a U.S. government-owned building located at 716 Jackson Place NW in Washington, D.C., reserved for the exclusive use of former Presidents of the United States during visits to the capital. Purchased by the government in the late 1950s and used for various purposes, it became the Presidential Townhouse in 1969 by order of President Richard Nixon. The furnishings were very sparse until it was refurbished using private funds during the administration of President George W. Bush. The five-story building includes two dining rooms, multiple bedrooms, and space for a Secret Service detail in the basement.

neg: Edwin Jackson Kyle Edwin Jackson Kyle (July 22, 1876 – December 26, 1963) was the U.S. Ambassador to Guatemala from 1945—1948. He was also the first Texan to advocate agricultural teaching in state schools successfully. He is the namesake of Kyle Field, an American football stadium in College Station, TX, and his parents are the namesake of the suburban town of Kyle, Texas located fifteen miles south of Austin.

neg: Alexandria Library, Virginia Alexandria Library is the public library in Alexandria, Virginia in the United States.

neg: Morgan Bulkeley Morgan Gardner Bulkeley (December 26, 1837 – November 6, 1922) was an American politician, businessman, and sports executive. A Republican, he served in the American Civil War, and became a Hartford bank president before becoming the third president of the Aetna Life Insurance Company, a post he held for 43 years. He was elected to the National Baseball Hall of Fame in recognition of his role as the first president of the National League. Bulkeley served on the Hartford City Council and was a four-term mayor of Hartford. He later served as the 54th Governor of Connecticut for two terms and as a United States Senator.

neg: Moffat Library The Moffat Library, officially Moffat Library of Washingtonville, serves a population of 25,000 people in the village of that name in Orange County, New York, as well as the surrounding towns of Blooming Grove, Hamptonburgh and New Windsor. It is located in the center of town, at the intersection of NY 208 and NY 94. It boasts two Louis Comfort Tiffany-designed stained glass windows, although they were not part of the library's original design.

neg: Huntington, Massachusetts Huntington is a town in Hampshire County, Massachusetts, United States. The population was 2,180 at the 2010 census. It is part of the Springfield, Massachusetts Metropolitan Statistical Area.

neg: Jimmy Carter Library and Museum The Jimmy Carter Library and Museum in Atlanta, Georgia houses U.S. President Jimmy Carter's papers and other material relating to the Carter administration and the Carter family's life. The library also hosts special exhibits, such as Carter's Nobel Peace Prize and a full-scale replica of the Oval Office, including a reproduction of the "Resolute" desk.

neg: Marshall Park, Portland, Oregon Marshall Park is a neighborhood in the Southwest section of Portland, Oregon. It gets its name from the adjacent Marshall Park donated to the City of Portland by Frederick C. and Addie Mae Marshall in 1948. It borders Markham to the west and north, South Burlingame to the north, Collins View to the east, and Arnold Creek to the south.

neg: Marshall, North Carolina Marshall is a town in Madison County, North Carolina, United States. The population was 872 at the 2010 census. It is the county seat of Madison County.

neg: Oscar Foss Memorial Library The Oscar Foss Memorial Library is the public library of Barnstead, New Hampshire. It is located in the center of town at 111 South Barnstead Road, in a single-story Colonial Revival building (listed on the National Register of Historic Places) designed by the William M. Butterfield Company of Manchester and built in 1916-17. The library was a gift of Sarah Foss in memory of her husband Oscar, a prominent local businessman who died in 1913. The building originally also housed town offices, which were moved out in 1979. The building underwent a major expansion in 2000.


query: Averroes was a philosopher under which philosophical movements  such as Aristotelianism and the 13th-century philosophical movement  came into play in what other religions beside Islam?

pos: Aristotelianism Aristotelianism ( ) is a tradition of philosophy that takes its defining inspiration from the work of Aristotle. This school of thought is in the modern sense of philosophy, covering existence, ethics, mind and related subjects. In Aristotle's time, philosophy included natural philosophy, which was replaced by modern science during the Scientific Revolution. The works of Aristotle were initially defended by the members of the Peripatetic school and later on by the Neoplatonists, who produced many commentaries on Aristotle's writings. In the Islamic Golden Age, Ibn Sina and Ibn Rushd translated the works of Aristotle into Arabic and under philosophers such as Al-Kindi, Al-Farabi, Avicenna and Averroes, Aristotelianism became a major part of early Islamic philosophy.

pos: Averroes Ibn Rushd (Arabic:   ; 14 April 1126 – 10 December 1198), full name (Arabic: أبو الوليد محمد ابن احمد ابن رشد , "ʾAbū l-Walīd Muḥammad Ibn ʾAḥmad Ibn Rushd "  ), often Latinized as Averroes ( ), was a medieval Andalusian polymath. He wrote on logic, Aristotelian and Islamic philosophy, theology, the Maliki school of Islamic jurisprudence, psychology, political and Andalusian classical music theory, geography, mathematics, and the mediæval sciences of medicine, astronomy, physics, and celestial mechanics. Ibn Rushd was born in Córdoba, Al Andalus (present-day Spain), and died at Marrakesh in present-day Morocco. His body was interred in his family tomb at Córdoba. The 13th-century philosophical movement in Latin Christian and Jewish tradition based on Ibn Rushd's work is called Averroism.

neg: Religions of the ancient Near East The religions of the ancient Near East were mostly polytheistic, with some early examples of primitive monolatry (Mardukites), Ashurism and Monism (Atenism). Some scholars believe that the similarities between these religions indicate that the religions are related, a belief known as patternism.

neg: Vyasatirtha Vyasaraja or Vyasa Thirtha (Kannada: ವ್ಯಾಸತೀರ್ಥ ; 1447–1548), also called Vyasaraya or Chandrikacharya, was a Hindu philosopher, dialectician, polemicist and poet. He is considered to be one of the three great spiritual sages or "munitrayam" of Dvaita Vedanta, along with Madhvacharya and Jayatirtha, for his immense contribution to the school of thought. He was a scholar of very high order with a judicious defence of the Dvaita Vedanta against all rival schools of thought. He also brought the Haridasa cult, historically believed to be propagated by Sri Narahari Tirtha, into limelight. He belonged to the Dvaita school of Madhvacharya. He, along with Jayatirtha, helped systematize Dvaita into an established school of Vedic thought. Vyasaraja's genius lay in his clear understanding and exposition of all his opposing schools of thought, for which even his opponents admired him. He was a master at debate and dialogue in logic and philosophy. Till the publication of the Vyasayogicharita of the poet Somanatha, the world had no idea of the part played by Vyasaraja in the history of the Vijayanagara empire.

neg: Catharism Catharism ( ; from the Greek: καθαροί , "katharoi", "the pure [ones]") was a Christian dualist or Gnostic revival movement that thrived in some areas of Southern Europe, particularly northern Italy and southern France, between the 12th and 14th centuries. The followers were known as Cathars and are now mainly remembered for a prolonged period of persecution by the Catholic Church which did not recognise their belief as truly Christian. It appeared in Europe in the Languedoc region of France in the 11th century and this is when the name first appears. The adherents were also sometimes known as Albigensians after the city Albi in southern France where the movement first took hold. The beliefs are believed to have been brought from Persia or the Byzantine Empire.

neg: Xenocrates Xenocrates ( ; Greek: Ξενοκράτης ; c. 396/5314/3 BC ) of Chalcedon was a Greek philosopher, mathematician, and leader (scholarch) of the Platonic Academy from 339/8 to 314/3 BC. His teachings followed those of Plato, which he attempted to define more closely, often with mathematical elements. He distinguished three forms of being: the sensible, the intelligible, and a third compounded of the two, to which correspond respectively, sense, intellect and opinion. Unity and duality he considered to be gods which rule the universe, and the soul is a self-moving number. God pervades all things, and there are daemonical powers, intermediate between the divine and the mortal, which consist in conditions of the soul. He held that mathematical objects and the Platonic Ideas are identical, unlike Plato who distinguished them. In ethics, he taught that virtue produces happiness, but that external goods can minister to it and enable it to effect its purpose.

neg: Bardaisan Bardaisan (Syriac: ܒܪ ܕܝܨܢ , "Bardaiṣān"), also known in Arabic as ابن ديصان (Ibn Daisan), also Latinized as Bardesanes, was a Syriac or Parthian gnostic and founder of the Bardaisanites. A scientist, scholar, astrologer, philosopher and poet, Bardaisan was also renowned for his knowledge of India, on which he wrote a book, now lost.

neg: Isaac Albalag Isaac Albalag (Hebrew: יצחק אלבלג  ) was a Jewish philosopher of the second half of the 13th century.

neg: Álvaro of Córdoba Paulus Alvarus (also known as Paul Alvarus, Paul Albar, Alvaró de Córdoba), c. 800 – 861 CE, was a ninth-century Mozarab scholar, poet, and theologian who lived in Southern Iberia during the period of Muslim rule. He is most notable for his writings around the time of a rising high civilization of Islam, owing to the Caliph's efforts. He also wrote the "Vita Eulogii" (‘The Life of Eulogius’), a biography of his close friend and fellow theologian Saint Eulogius of Cordoba. Although Christians living in Córdoba and the rest of Muslim Iberia during his time lived under relative religious freedom, Alvarus was amongst the Christians who perceived the many restrictions on the practice of their faith to be unacceptable persecution; they regarded with extreme scorn Christians who participated in the Muslim government, converted to Islam, or simply concealed their true beliefs. As a result of these religious tensions Alvarus’s writings are characterized by contempt of all things Muslim and he considered Muhammed to have been the precursor to the Antichrist.

neg: Post-Islamism Post-Islamism is a neologism in political science, the definition

neg: Stoic physics Stoic physics is the natural philosophy adopted by the Stoic philosophers of ancient Greece and Rome used to explain the natural processes at work in the universe. To the Stoics the universe is a single pantheistic God, but one which is also a material substance. The primitive substance of the universe is a divine essence ("pneuma") which is the basis of everything which exists. The separation of force from matter produces a divine fire ("aether") which, as the basis of all matter, is differentiated into elements and shaped by the tension caused by the "pneuma" working according to the divine reason ("logos") of the universe. These processes are responsible for the formation, the development, and ultimately, the destruction of the universe in a never-ending cycle ("palingenesis"). The human soul is an emanation from the fiery "aether" which permeates the universe, and sensation is transmission of "pneuma-currents" from objects, which interact with the substance of the mind, which is the soul's ruling part. The Stoics also recognised the existence of other gods and divine agents as manifestations of the one primitive God-substance.

neg: Methodic school The Methodic school of medicine ("Methodics", "Methodists", or "Methodici", Greek: Μεθοδικοί ) was an ancient school of medicine in ancient Greece and Rome. The Methodic school arose in reaction to both the Empiric school and the Dogmatic school (sometimes referred to as the Rationalist school). While the exact origins of the Methodic school are shrouded in some controversy, its doctrines are fairly well documented. Sextus Empiricus points to the school's common ground with Pyrrhonism, in that it “follow[s] the appearances and take[s] from these whatever seems expedient.”

neg: Hindu–Islamic relations Hinduism is a diversity-filled socio-religious way of life of the Hindu people of the Indian subcontinent, their diaspora, and some other regions which had Hindu influence in the ancient and medieval times. In Hinduism God can be worshiped in the name one believes or in the form one believes and allows idol worship, hence Hinduism's concept of God does not contradict the concept of Allah, the Islamic God. Islam is a monotheistic religion in which the supreme deity is Allah (Arabic: الله  "the God" : see God in Islam), the last Islamic prophet being Muhammad, whom Muslims believe delivered the Islamic scripture, the Qur'an. Hinduism mostly shares common terms with the "dhārmic" religions, including Buddhism, Jainism and Sikhism. Islam shares common terms with the Abrahamic religions–those religions claiming descent from Abraham–being, from oldest to youngest, Judaism, Christianity, Islam, and Baha'i Faith.

neg: Abu al-Abbas Iranshahri Abu al-Abbas Iranshahri (Persian: حکیم ایرانشهری  ) was a 9th-century Persian philosopher, mathematician, natural scientist, historian of religion, astronomer and author. According to traditional sources, he is the first figure in the wider Muslim world to be associated with philosophy after the advent of Islam.

neg: Ishikism Ishikism, [pron: 'Ishik-ism] (Turkish: "Işıkçılık" ) or Ishik Alevism ("Işık Aleviliği "), also known as Chinarism ("Çınarcılık "), is a syncretic religious movement among Alevis who have developed an alternative understanding of Alevism and its history. These alternative interpretations and beliefs were inspired by Turkish writer Erdoğan Çınar with the publication of his book "Aleviliğin Gizli Tarihi" ("The Secret History of Alevism") in 2004.

neg: Ibn Zuhr Ibn Zuhr (Arabic:   ; 1094–1162), traditionally known by his Latinized name of Avenzoar, was a Muslim Arab physician and surgeon and poet. He was born at Seville in medieval Andalusia (present-day Spain), was a contemporary of Averroes and Ibn Tufail, and was the most well-regarded physician of his era. He was particularly known for his emphasis on a more rational, empiric basis of medicine. His major work, "Al-Taysīr fil-Mudāwāt wal-Tadbīr" ("Book of Simplification Concerning Therapeutics and Diet"), was translated into Latin and Hebrew and was influential to the progress of surgery. He also improved surgical and medical knowledge by keying out several diseases and their treatments.

neg: Morisco Moriscos (] , ] , ] ; Portuguese: "mouriscos" ] , ] ; meaning "Moorish") were former Muslims who converted or were coerced into converting to Christianity, after Spain finally outlawed the open practice of Islam by its sizeable Muslim population (termed Mudejar) in the early 16th century.

neg: Medievalism Medievalism is the system of belief and practice characteristic of the Middle Ages, or devotion to elements of that period, which has been expressed in areas such as architecture, literature, music, art, philosophy, scholarship, and various vehicles of popular culture. Since the eighteenth century, a variety of movements have used the medieval period as a model or inspiration for creative activity, including Romanticism, the Gothic revival, the Pre-Raphaelite and arts and crafts movements and neo-medievalism (a term often used interchangeably with medievalism). The words "medievalism" and "Medieval" are both first recorded in the nineteenth century. "Medieval" is derived from Latin "medium aevum" (middle of the ages).

neg: Abu al-Hakam al-Kirmani Abu al-Hakam al-Kirmani (Arabic: أبو الحكم الكرماني  ; d. 1066 CE) was a prominent philosopher and scholar from the Muslim al-Andalus. A student of Maslamah Ibn Ahmad al-Majriti, he was a Neoplatonic advocate, and seen as an influence on Ibn 'Arabi, but he also wrote extensively on geometry and logic. His exact date of death is not known as he fled to Morocco in the twelfth century. It is possible that it was he who returned to al-Andalus with the Epistles of the Brethren of Purity.

neg: Mathematics in medieval Islam Mathematics during the Golden Age of Islam, especially during the 9th and 10th centuries, was built on Greek mathematics (Euclid, Archimedes, Apollonius) and Indian mathematics (Aryabhata, Brahmagupta). Important progress was made, such as the full development of the decimal place-value system to include decimal fractions, the first systematised study of algebra (named for "The Compendious Book on Calculation by Completion and Balancing" by scholar Al-Khwarizmi), and advances in geometry and trigonometry.

neg: Pre-Socratic philosophy Pre-Socratic philosophy is ancient Greek philosophy before Socrates and schools contemporary to Socrates that were not influenced by him. In Classical antiquity, the Presocratic philosophers were called "physiologoi" (Greek: φυσιόλογοι ; in English, physical or natural philosophers). Aristotle called them "physikoi" ("physicists", after "physis", "nature") because they sought natural explanations for phenomena, as opposed to the earlier "theologoi" (theologians), whose philosophical basis was supernatural. Diogenes Laërtius divides the "physiologoi" into two groups: Ionian, led by Anaximander, and the Italiote, led by Pythagoras.

neg: Mazdaznan Mazdaznan is a neo-Zoroastrian religion which held that the Earth should be restored to a garden where humanity can cooperate and converse with God. Founded at the end of the 19th century by Otoman Zar-Adusht Ha'nish, the religion was a revival of 6th century Mazdakism. Adherents maintained vegetarian diets and practiced breathing exercises. Concerned with the nature of thought, emotion and behavior, Mazdaznan taught that the practical aspects of personal health could be achieved through conscious breathing, "Gah-Llama". The word "Mazdaznan" is said to derive from the Persian "Mazda" and "Znan", and is supposed to mean "master thought".


query: The Unknown Known, is a 2013 American documentary film about the political career of former U.S. Secretary of Defense and congressman Donald Rumsfeld, an American retired politician and businessman, heserved as the 13th Secretary of Defense from 1975 to 1977 under which President?

pos: The Unknown Known The Unknown Known (also known as The Unknown Known: The Life and Times of Donald Rumsfeld) is a 2013 American documentary film about the political career of former U.S. Secretary of Defense and congressman Donald Rumsfeld, directed by Academy Award winning documentarian and filmmaker Errol Morris. The film is a summary of 33 hours of interviews that Morris conducted with Rumsfeld over eleven separate sessions during visits to Newton, Massachusetts. It is dedicated to the memory of Roger Ebert. The film was released on April 4, 2014, by Radius-TWC.

pos: Donald Rumsfeld Donald Henry "Don" Rumsfeld (born July 9, 1932) is an American retired politician and businessman. Rumsfeld served as the 13th Secretary of Defense from 1975 to 1977 under President Gerald Ford, and as the 21st Secretary of Defense from 2001 to 2006 under President George W. Bush. He is both the youngest and the second oldest person to have served as Secretary of Defense. Additionally, Rumsfeld was a three-term U.S. Congressman from Illinois (1963–1969), Director of the Office of Economic Opportunity (1969–1970), Counsellor to the President (1969–1973), the United States Permanent Representative to NATO (1973–1974), and White House Chief of Staff (1974–1975).

neg: Michael Dugan (general) General Michael J. Dugan (born February 22, 1937) was briefly the 13th Chief of Staff of the United States Air Force for 79 days in 1990 until he was dismissed by United States Secretary of Defense Dick Cheney after telling reporters that the U.S. military planned to target Saddam Hussein, his family, and even his mistress in the Gulf War with Iraq. He became the first member of the Joint Chiefs of Staff to be fired since Admiral Louis Denfeld in 1949, and the first top general to be relieved since General MacArthur in 1951.

neg: Robert Gates Robert Michael "Bob" Gates (born September 25, 1943) is an American politician, scholar, and university president who served as the 22nd United States Secretary of Defense from 2006 to 2011. Gates initially began his career serving as an officer in the United States Air Force but was quickly recruited by the CIA. Gates served for 26 years in the Central Intelligence Agency and the National Security Council, and was Director of Central Intelligence under President George H. W. Bush. After leaving the CIA, Gates became president of Texas A&M University and was a member of several corporate boards. Gates served as a member of the Iraq Study Group, the bipartisan commission co-chaired by James A. Baker III and Lee H. Hamilton, that studied the lessons of the Iraq War.

neg: Jamie M. Morin Jamie Michael Morin (born 23 May 1975) was a senior official in the United States Department of Defense. He was a private sector economist and research consultant before earning a Doctorate degree in political science from Yale University. He then served as a professional staff member on the United States Senate Committee on the Budget. Morin was Director of Cost Assessment and Program Evaluation at the Department of Defense. Previously, he was Assistant Secretary of the Air Force (Financial Management & Comptroller), and served concurrently as Acting Under Secretary of the Air Force from 3 July 2012 to 28 April 2013.

neg: Jeh Johnson Jeh Charles Johnson ( , as in "Jay"; born September 11, 1957) is an American civil and criminal trial lawyer, who was the fourth United States Secretary of Homeland Security 2013 to 2017. He was the General Counsel of the Department of Defense from 2009 to 2012 during the first Obama Administration. Johnson is a graduate of Morehouse College (B.A.) and Columbia Law School (J.D.), and is the grandson of sociologist and Fisk University president Dr. Charles S. Johnson.

neg: National Security Act of 1947 The National Security Act of 1947 was a major restructuring of the United States government's military and intelligence agencies following World War II. The majority of the provisions of the Act took effect on September 18, 1947, the day after the Senate confirmed James Forrestal as the first Secretary of Defense.

neg: Edward Djerejian Edward Peter Djerejian (born March 6, 1939) is a former United States diplomat who served in eight administrations from John F. Kennedy to Bill Clinton (1962–94.) He served as the United States Ambassador to Syria (1988–91) and Israel (1993–94), Special Assistant to President Ronald Reagan and Deputy Press Secretary of Foreign Affairs (1985–1986), and was Assistant Secretary of State for Near Eastern Affairs (1991–1993.) He is the director of the James A. Baker III Institute for Public Policy at Rice University and is a fellow of the American Academy of Arts and Sciences and on the board of trustees of the Carnegie Corporation of New York. Djerejian was elected independent chairman of Occidental Petroleum Corporation’s board of directors (2013–2015). He is managing partner of Djerejian Global Consultancies, LLP. Djerejian is the author of the book "Danger and Opportunity: An American Ambassador's Journey Through the Middle East" (Simon & Schuster, Threshold Editions, September 2008. ISBN  )

neg: Ernest W. Lefever Ernest Warren Lefever (November 12, 1919 – July 29, 2009) was an American political theorist and foreign affairs expert who founded the Ethics and Public Policy Center in 1976 and was nominated for a State Department post by President Ronald Reagan, but withdrew after his nomination was rejected by the Senate Foreign Relations Committee.

neg: Andrew Mellon Andrew William Mellon ( ; March 24, 1855 – August 26, 1937) was an American banker, businessman, industrialist, philanthropist, art collector, and politician. From the wealthy Mellon family of Pennsylvania, he established a vast business empire before transitioning into politics. He served as United States Secretary of the Treasury from March 9, 1921 to February 12, 1932, presiding over the boom years of the 1920s and the Wall Street crash of 1929. A conservative Republican, Mellon lowered taxes and government spending in the aftermath of World War I.

neg: Edwin Feulner Edwin John "Ed" Feulner Jr. (born August 12, 1941) is president of the conservative think tank, The Heritage Foundation. He served as president from 1977 to 2013. His replacement, former U.S. Senator Jim DeMint, was named successor in late 2012 and took over as president on April 3, 2013. Dr. Feulner is credited with establishing The Heritage Foundation. When DeMint resigned in May 2017, the Heritage Foundation's board of directors unanimously elected Feulner as interim president.

neg: Thomas L. Carter Thomas L. Carter is a former commercial pilot and retired major general in the Air Force Reserve Command. He had a 34-year career with the U.S. Air Force, retiring in 2009. Carter was a US Airways pilot for 12 year. He previously served as vice president for government relations at Elbit Systems and president of Commonwealth Consulting Corporation. He was senior counselor to the Coalition Provisional Authority for Legislative Affairs in Baghdad and served as assistant to the chairman for government affairs of the Columbia Accident Investigation Board. Carter is a former Deputy Assistant Secretary of Defense and a former staffer for Senate Republican Leader Bob Dole.

neg: William K. Brehm William K. Brehm (born 1929) is a United States businessman who served as Assistant Secretary of the Army (Manpower and Reserve Affairs) from 1968 to 1970, Assistant Secretary of Defense for Manpower and Reserve Affairs from 1973 to 1976 and Assistant Secretary of Defense for Legislative Affairs from 1976 to 1977.

neg: Betty Wilson (politician) Betty Wilson (born August 21, 1932) is an American Democratic Party politician who served in the New Jersey General Assembly from 1974 to 1976 and later held posts in the administrations of President Jimmy Carter and under three Democratic New Jersey governors.

neg: Alexander Butterfield Alexander Porter Butterfield (born April 6, 1926) is a retired U.S. military officer, public servant, and businessman. He served as the deputy assistant to President Richard Nixon from 1969 to 1973. He revealed the existence of the White House taping system on July 13, 1973, during the Watergate scandal investigation, but had no involvement in the scandal. From 1973 to 1975, he served as administrator of the Federal Aviation Administration.

neg: James Mattis James Norman "Jim" Mattis (born September 8, 1950) is a retired United States Marine Corps general who is the 26th and current United States Secretary of Defense, serving in the Cabinet of Donald Trump. Mattis was previously the 11th Commander of United States Central Command during the presidency of Barack Obama, and was responsible for American military operations in the Middle East, Northeast Africa, and Central Asia.

neg: Reuben B. Robertson Jr. Reuben B. Robertson Jr. (June 27, 1908 – March 13, 1960) was an American businessman who served as United States Deputy Secretary of Defense from 1955 to 1957.

neg: Arms Export Control Act The Arms Export Control Act of 1976 (Title II of Pub.L. 94–329 , 90 Stat. 729 , enacted  30, 1976 , codified at ) gives the President of the United States the authority to control the import and export of defense articles and defense services. The H.R. 13680 legislation was passed by the 94th Congressional session and enacted into law by the 38th President of the United States Gerald R. Ford on June 30, 1976.

neg: John Kerry John Forbes Kerry ( ; born December 11, 1943) is an American politician who served as the 68th United States Secretary of State from 2013 to 2017. A Democrat, he previously served Massachusetts in the United States Senate from 1985 to 2013. He was the Democratic nominee in the 2004 presidential election, losing to Republican incumbent George W. Bush.

neg: James G. Roche James Gerard Roche (born December 16, 1939) was the 20th Secretary of the Air Force, serving from January 20, 2001 to January 20, 2005. Prior to serving as secretary, Roche served in the United States Navy for 23 years, and as an executive with Northrop Grumman.

neg: Martin Richard Hoffmann Martin Richard Hoffmann (April 20, 1932 – July 14, 2014) was a U.S. administrator. He served as the United States Secretary of the Army between 1975-77.

neg: Abe Goff Abe McGregor Goff (December 21, 1899 – November 23, 1984) was an attorney and Republican politician from the U.S. state of Idaho, most notably as a one-term congressman from 1947 to 1949. He served in the U.S. Army in both world wars.


query: Goodbye Christopher Robin was written by which Guardian Prize winner?

pos: Goodbye Christopher Robin Goodbye Christopher Robin is a British film directed by Simon Curtis and written by Frank Cottrell-Boyce and Simon Vaughan. The film stars Domhnall Gleeson, Margot Robbie and Kelly Macdonald, and follows A. A. Milne and his creation "Winnie-the-Pooh". The film was released in the United Kingdom on 29 September 2017.

pos: Frank Cottrell-Boyce Cottrell-Boyce has won two major British awards for children's books, the 2004 Carnegie Medal for "Millions", which originated as a film script, and the 2012 Guardian Prize for "The Unforgotten Coat", which was commissioned by a charity.

neg: Christopher Priest (novelist) Christopher Priest (born 14 July 1943) is a British novelist and science fiction writer. His works include "Fugue for a Darkening Island", "Inverted World", "The Affirmation", "The Glamour", "The Prestige" and "The Separation".

neg: John A. Scott John Alan Scott (who has published under the names John A. Scott and John Scott) (born 23 April 1948) is an English-Australian poet, novelist and academic.

neg: Cecil Roberts Edric Cecil Mornington Roberts (18 May 1892 Nottingham – 20 December 1976) was an English journalist, poet, dramatist and novelist.

neg: John Llewellyn Rhys Prize The John Llewellyn Rhys Prize was a literary prize awarded annually for the best work of literature (fiction, non-fiction, poetry, drama) by an author from the Commonwealth aged 35 or under, written in English and published in the United Kingdom. Established in 1942, it was the second oldest literary award in the UK.

neg: Christopher Buckley (poet) Christopher Buckley (born 1948) is an American poet.

neg: Gillian Rubinstein Gillian Rubinstein (born 29 August 1942) is an English-born children's author and playwright. Born in Potten End, Berkhamsted, Hertfordshire, England, Rubinstein split her childhood between England and Nigeria, moving to Australia in 1973. As well as eight plays, numerous short stories and articles, she has written over 30 books. Her award-winning and hugely popular 1986 debut "Space Demons" introduced the themes of growing up and fantasy worlds which emerge often in her other writings. Books such as "At Ardilla", "Foxspell" and "Galax-Arena" all received critical acclaim and multiple awards.

neg: Hawthornden Prize The Hawthornden Prize is a British literary award that was established in 1919 by Alice Warrender. It is funded by a trust established by her. Authors under the age of 41 are awarded on the quality of their "imaginative literature" which can be written in either poetry or prose. The Hawthornden Committee awards the Prize annually for a work published in the previous twelve months. There have been several gap years without a recipient (1984–87, 1971–73, 1966, 1959, 1945–57).

neg: Christopher Levenson Christopher Levenson (born February 13, 1934 London, England) is a Canadian poet.

neg: Julia Darling Julia Rose Darling (21 August 1956 – 13 April 2005) was an award-winning English novelist, poet and dramatist.

neg: Niven Govinden Niven Govinden (born 1973) is an English novelist. He was born in East Sussex and then educated at Goldsmiths College, University of London, where he studied film. To date he has written four novels and a number of short stories. He was appointed the Chair of Judges for the 2015 Green Carnation Prize.

neg: Guardian First Book Award The Guardian First Book Award was a literary award presented by "The Guardian" newspaper. It annually recognised one book by a new writer. It was established in 1999, replacing the Guardian Fiction Award or Guardian Fiction Prize that the newspaper had sponsored from 1965. The Guardian First Book Award was discontinued in 2016, with the 2015 awards being the last.

neg: David George Green David G. Green (born 24 January 1951) is the chief executive of the British think tank Civitas, which he founded in 2000. He is an author who also writes for British newspapers, including The Sunday Times, The Times, the Daily Mail, the Sunday Telegraph and the Daily Telegraph, and taken part in broadcast programmes such as Newsnight, the Moral Maze and Today. He has made occasional contributions to the Guardian’s Comment is Free site, and he has contributed pieces to "Daily Telegraph" news blogs.

neg: Christopher Richards David Christopher Richards, best known as Christopher Richards (born November 29, 1961) is a Canadian actor, playwright and theatre designer.

neg: J. A. Baker John Alec Baker was an English author best known for "The Peregrine," which won the Duff Cooper Prize in 1967. Robert Macfarlane deemed it to be "a masterpiece of twentieth-century non-fiction" in his introduction to the New York Review Books edition of the book. On the back jacket cover of the same edition, James Dickey states that the book "transcends any 'nature writing' of our time," while Barry Lopez declares the book to be "one of the most beautifully written, carefully observed and evocative wildlife accounts I have ever read." Werner Herzog called it the "one book I would ask you to read if you want to make films," and said elsewhere "... it has prose of the caliber that we have not seen since Joseph Conrad."

neg: Christopher Buckley (novelist) Christopher Taylor Buckley (born September 28, 1952) is an American political satirist known for writing "God Is My Broker", "Thank You for Smoking", "Little Green Men", "The White House Mess", "No Way to Treat a First Lady", "Wet Work", "Florence of Arabia", "Boomsday", "Supreme Courtship", "Losing Mum and Pup: A Memoir" and, most recently, "The Relic Master: A Novel". He is the son of writer William F. Buckley Jr. and socialite Patricia Buckley.

neg: Walter Scott Prize The Walter Scott Prize for historical fiction is a British literary award founded in 2010. At £25,000, it is one of the largest literary awards in the UK. The award was created by the Duke and Duchess of Buccleuch, whose ancestors were closely linked to Scottish author Sir Walter Scott, who is generally considered the originator of historical fiction with the novel "Waverley" in 1814.

neg: Tony Macaulay Tony Macaulay (born Anthony Gordon Instone, 21 April 1944, England) is an English author, composer for musical theatre, and songwriter. He has won the British Academy of Songwriters, Composers and Authors Award twice as 'Songwriter of the Year' (1970 and 1977). He is a nine time Ivor Novello Awards winning songwriter. In 2007, he became the only British person to win the Edwin Forrest Award for outstanding contribution to the American theatre.

neg: Christopher Middleton (poet) Christopher Middleton (10 June 1926 – 29 November 2015) was a British poet and translator, especially of German literature.

neg: Gillian Ayres Gillian Ayres, {'1': ", '2': ", '3': ", '4': "} (born 3 February 1930) is a Turner Prize nominated English painter. She is best known for abstract painting and printmaking using vibrant colours.

neg: Adam Chamberlain Adam Chamberlain (born 8 January 1972) is an English author based in London. He was awarded the internal Shell/"The Economist" Writing Prize in 2003 for his essay "Beyond Nature," an investigation of mankind's relationship with the natural world, and later lectured on the contents of that essay. He has since published short fiction in addition to work on plays and screenplays. "Columbia & Britannia", an alternate history anthology Adam Chamberlain edited with Brian A. Dixon, was nominated for the 2010 Sidewise Award for Alternate History. Chamberlain and Dixon are also the editors of "Back to Frank Black" (2012), a volume of original essays and interviews celebrating Chris Carter's "Millennium".