query: "Wonderful" is a song by a band formed in which US state ?

pos: Wonderful (Everclear song) "Wonderful" is a song by the band Everclear, released as the first single from their 2000 album "", reaching number 11 on the "Billboard" Hot 100. To date this song remains to be the band's only top 40 hit on the Hot 100.

pos: Everclear (band) Everclear is an American rock band formed in Portland, Oregon in 1991. The band was formed by Art Alexakis, the band's lead songwriter, vocalist, and guitarist; and for most of the band's height of popularity, consisted of Craig Montoya on bass guitar and Greg Eklund on drums. After the limited release of their independently released debut album, "World of Noise", the band found success with their first three albums on Capitol Records: "Sparkle and Fade", "So Much for the Afterglow", and "", which were all certified platinum in sales. However, the following two albums "" and "Slow Motion Daydream", were not as well received, and as sales suffered, Montoya and Eklund left the band shortly after in 2003.

neg: The Beach Boys The Beach Boys are an American rock band formed in Hawthorne, California, in 1961. The group's original lineup consisted of brothers Brian, Dennis, and Carl Wilson; their cousin Mike Love; and their friend Al Jardine. Distinguished by their vocal harmonies and early surf songs, they are one of the most influential acts of the rock era. The group, led by their principal songwriter and producer Brian, pioneered novel approaches to popular music form and production, combining their affinities for jazz-based vocal groups, 1950s rock and roll, and black R&B to create their unique sound. He later arranged his compositions for studio orchestras and explored a variety of other styles, often incorporating classical or jazz elements and unconventional recording techniques in innovative ways.

neg: Crying (band) Crying is an American rock band from Purchase, New York formed in 2013. They consist of Elaiza Santos (vocals), Ryan Galloway (guitars, keyboards) and Kynwyn Sterling (drums). They have released two EPs and released their debut album "Beyond the Fleeting Gales" in October 2016.

neg: Everly (group) Everly was an American folk musical duo formed in Battle Ground, Washington in 2008 by friends Bethany Joy Lenz and Amber Sweeney. Their debut EP, "Mission Bell", was launched on iTunes.

neg: The Kinison The Kinison is a rock band formed in Oblong, Illinois, in 1999.

neg: Amazing Transparent Man Amazing Transparent Man was a pop-punk band on the Springman Records label from 1997 to 2004. They hailed from DeKalb, Illinois. The original members were Rick Muermann (guitar/vocals), Tony D'Amato (guitar/vocals), Brad Riverdahl (drums) and Casey Sons (bass guitar). Casey left the band shortly after their first album and bass guitar duties were subsequently shared by Rick and Tony as ATM became a trio for the rest of their career. For quite a while, their signature uniform included pink shorts and white tank tops. The band once served milk and cookies to all audience members in attendance at the CD release show for their second full-length album "The Measure of All Things" at the popular Cabaret Metro in Chicago.

neg: 60 Cycle 60 Cycle is an American rock band from Los Angeles, California, United States, formed in 1993. The band's line-up included founder and principal songwriter Joey Rubenstein(lead vocals, guitar), Troy Van Leeuwen (guitar, backing vocals), Glen Vagas (bass guitar,), and Kelli Scott (drums).

neg: The Extraordinaires The Extraordinaires are a five piece American indie rock band hailing from Philadelphia, Pennsylvania. Originally formed by Jay Purdy and Matt Gibson in 2004, is known for its use of storytelling within songs.

neg: The Murdocks The Murdocks are an American rock band consisting of three members and was formed in 2003 in Texas.

neg: Beautiful Bodies Beautiful Bodies were an alternative rock band from Kansas City, Missouri featuring Alicia Solombrino, Thomas Becker (The Get Up Kids, Gratitude), and Luis Arana.

neg: Nothing Left (band) Nothing Left is an American supergroup that formed in 2016. The band played their first shows in Europe.

neg: Echosmith Echosmith is an American, Corporate indie pop band formed in February 2009 in Chino, California. Originally formed as a quartet of siblings, the band currently consists of Sydney, Noah and Graham Sierota, following the departure of eldest sibling Jamie in late 2016. Echosmith started first as "Ready Set Go!" until they signed to Warner Bros. Records in May 2012. They are best known for their hit song "Cool Kids", which reached number 13 on the "Billboard" Hot 100 and was certified double platinum by the RIAA with over 1,200,000 sales in the United States and also double platinum by ARIA in Australia. The song was Warner Bros. Records' fifth-biggest-selling-digital song of 2014, with 1.3 million downloads sold. The band's debut album, "Talking Dreams", was released on October 8, 2013.

neg: The Wonderful Company The Wonderful Company LLC, formerly known as Roll Global, is a private corporation based in Los Angeles, California. With revenues of over $4.8 billion, it functions as a holding company for Stewart and Lynda Resnick, and as such is a vehicle for their personal investments in a number of businesses. The company currently counts as business divisions the following brands: flower delivery service Teleflora, juice company POM Wonderful, bottled water company FIJI Water, Wonderful Pistachios and Wonderful Almonds (formerly Paramount Farms), Wonderful Citrus (formerly Paramount Citrus), sea freight company Neptune Pacific Line, JUSTIN Vineyards and Winery, pest control company Suterra, and in-house marketing agency Wonderful Agency (formerly Fire Station).

neg: It's a Beautiful Day It's a Beautiful Day is an American band formed in San Francisco, California, in 1967, featuring vocalist Pattie Santos along with violinist David LaFlamme and his wife, Linda LaFlamme, on keyboards.

neg: Yeah Yeah Yeahs Yeah Yeah Yeahs is an American indie rock band formed in New York City in 2000. The group is composed of vocalist and pianist Karen O, guitarist and keyboardist Nick Zinner, and drummer Brian Chase. They are complemented in live performances by second guitarist David Pajo, who joined as a touring member in 2009 and replaced Imaad Wasif who had previously held this role. According to an interview that aired during the ABC network's "Live from Central Park SummerStage" series, the band's name was taken from modern New York City vernacular.

neg: Golden Youth Golden Youth is an American Indie/Alternative band from Sacramento, California, formed in 2012. The core of the band are singer/songwriters Stephanie Lauren and Kyle Monroe. They have played a number of shows mostly in California and have recently released their first album. Shortly before releasing the album they joined forces with manager and music industry veteran Tim Cook of N3W LEVEL in Los Angeles.

neg: Stavesacre Stavesacre are an American supergroup from Huntington Beach, California formed in 1995. The band is composed of vocalist Mark Salomon, guitarists Jeff Bellew and Ryan Dennee, bassist Dirk Lemmenes and drummer Sam West.

neg: Pygmy Lush Pygmy Lush (sometimes spelled as one word) is a band from Sterling, Virginia formed by ex-Pg. 99 members Mike and Chris Taylor and Johnny Ward. Other members include Mike Widman and Eric Kane, and previous associated acts include Malady, Mannequin, and Hissing Choir, amongst many others.

neg: The Rave-Ups The Rave-Ups are a critically acclaimed American rock group hailing originally from Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania but are best known for being from Los Angeles, California. Labeled with connections to various genres throughout their career, the band were/are equal parts pop/power-pop, roots rock, alternative rock, alt-country (before alt-country/No Depression/Americana labels even existed), and singer/songwriter aesthetic. They are best known for their alternative rock hit songs "Respectfully King of Rain" and "Positively Lost Me" as well as their appearances in "Pretty in Pink" and "Beverly Hills, 90210".

neg: Steelheart Steelheart is a rock band based in Norwalk, Connecticut, United States, formed in 1990.

neg: Tourmaline (band) Tourmaline is an American rock band from, New Jersey. Formed in June 2004, the band consists of Matt Rauch (lead vocals, Ryan Baredes (guitar), and Max Rauch (Drums). They have released two albums. "Strange Distress Calls" was released in the United States a year after the band's formation on June 21. It was recorded shortly after they formed in the span of ten days. Three of the members were 15 years of age. "The Swindle" was recorded in March of 08 with producer Joe Mcgrath and released in the fall of 08.


query: John Vinocur served as the metropolitan editor at which American daily newspaper, founded and continuously published in New York City since September 18, 1851?

pos: John Vinocur John Vinocur (born 1940 in New York City) is a Paris-based columnist for the global edition of "The Wall Street Journal" (WSJ). Previously he was executive editor of the "International Herald Tribune", and also served as the metropolitan editor at "The New York Times".

pos: The New York Times The New York Times (sometimes abbreviated NYT and The Times) is an American daily newspaper, founded and continuously published in New York City since September 18, 1851, by The New York Times Company. "The New York Times" has won 122 Pulitzer Prizes, more than any other newspaper. The paper's print version in 2013 had the second-largest circulation, behind "The Wall Street Journal", and the largest circulation among the metropolitan newspapers in the United States. "The New York Times" is ranked 18th in the world by circulation. Following industry trends, its weekday circulation had fallen in 2009 to fewer than one million.

neg: America Oggi America Oggi, or "America Today", is an Italian-language daily newspaper published in Westwood, New Jersey, for Italian immigrants in the United States. It was founded by journalists of the closed "Il Progresso Italo-Americano".

neg: The Oregonian The Oregonian is a daily newspaper based in Portland, Oregon, owned by Advance Publications. It is the oldest continuously published newspaper on the U.S. west coast, founded as a weekly by Thomas J. Dryer on December 4, 1850, and published daily since 1861. It is the largest newspaper in Oregon and the second largest in the Pacific Northwest by circulation and the 19th largest daily newspaper in the country. The Sunday edition is published under the title "The Sunday Oregonian".

neg: Arthur Hays Sulzberger Arthur Hays Sulzberger (September 12, 1891 – December 11, 1968) was the publisher of "The New York Times" from 1935 to 1961. During that time, daily circulation rose from 465,000 to 713,000 and Sunday circulation from 745,000 to 1.4 million; the staff more than doubled, reaching 5,200; advertising linage grew from 19 million to 62 million column inches per year; and gross income increased almost sevenfold, reaching 117 million dollars.

neg: Bay Currents Bay Currents, founded by an entrepreneurial journalist in August 2004, is an independent newspaper focusing on oceanfront Brooklyn, New York, United States, including Sheepshead Bay, Brighton Beach, and Coney Island. The newspaper is published bi-weekly by Brooklyn Media. It has a readership of about 30,000.

neg: John Avlon John Phillips Avlon (born 1973) is an American journalist and political commentator who is editor-in-chief and managing director of "The Daily Beast" and a "CNN" political analyst. Avlon has also been a columnist and associate editor for "The New York Sun" and chief speechwriter for former New York mayor Rudolph Giuliani.

neg: John P. Scripps Newspaper Group John P. Scripps Newspapers was an American newspaper chain founded by John P. Scripps, a grandson of E.W. Scripps, in 1928, and headquartered in San Diego. Its newspapers were concentrated in the western United States. The E. W. Scripps Company bought John P. Scripps in 1986.

neg: History of the New York City Subway The New York City Subway is a rapid transit system that serves four of the five boroughs of New York City, New York: the Bronx, Brooklyn, Manhattan, and Queens. Its operator is the New York City Transit Authority, which is itself controlled by the Metropolitan Transportation Authority of New York. In 2016, an average of 5.66 million passengers used the system daily, making it the busiest rapid transit system in the United States and the seventh busiest in the world.

neg: Samuel Cornish Samuel Cornish (1795 – 6 November 1858) was an American Presbyterian minister, abolitionist, publisher, and journalist. He was a leader in New York City's small free black community, where he organized the first congregation of black Presbyterians in New York. In 1827 he became one of two editors of the newly founded "Freedom's Journal", the first black newspaper in the United States. In 1833 he was a founding member of the interracial American Anti-Slavery Society.

neg: Boston Evening Transcript The Boston Evening Transcript was a daily afternoon newspaper in Boston, Massachusetts, published from July 24, 1830, to April 30, 1941.

neg: The Saratogian The Saratogian is a broadsheet-style daily newspaper published in Saratoga Springs, New York, United States. The paper has been published daily since 1855, first as "The Daily Saratogian", and then as "The Saratogian" beginning in 1910.

neg: Haaretz Haaretz (Hebrew: הארץ  ) (lit. "The Land [of Israel]", originally "Ḥadashot Ha'aretz" – Hebrew: חדשות הארץ  , ] – "News [of] the Land [of Israel]") is an Israeli newspaper. It was founded in 1918, making it the longest running newspaper currently still in print in Israel, and is now published in both Hebrew and English in Berliner format. The English edition is published and sold together with the "International New York Times". Both Hebrew and English editions can be read on the Internet. In North America, it comes out as a weekly newspaper, combining articles from the Friday edition with a roundup from the rest of the week.

neg: The Philadelphia Inquirer The Philadelphia Inquirer is a morning daily newspaper that serves the Philadelphia metropolitan area of the United States. The newspaper was founded by John R. Walker and John Norvell in June 1829 as The Pennsylvania Inquirer and is the third-oldest surviving daily newspaper in the United States. Owned by Philadelphia Media Network, "The Inquirer" has the eighteenth largest average weekday U.S. newspaper circulation and has won twenty Pulitzer Prizes. It is the newspaper of record in the Delaware Valley.

neg: Los Angeles Express (newspaper) The Los Angeles Express was a newspaper published in Los Angeles in the late 19th and early 20th centuries. Founded in 1871, the newspaper was acquired by William Randolph Hearst in 1931. It merged with the "Los Angeles Herald" and became an evening newspaper known as the "Los Angeles Herald-Express". A 1962 combination with Hearst's morning "Los Angeles Examiner" resulted in its final incarnation as the evening "Los Angeles Herald-Examiner".

neg: The New York Aurora The New York Aurora was a 19th century daily newspaper in New York City.

neg: Times Mirror Company The Times Mirror Company was an American newspaper and print media publisher. It had its roots in the Mirror Printing and Binding House, a commercial printing company founded in 1873, and the "Los Angeles Times" (originally the "Los Angeles Daily Times"), which was first published in 1881 and printed by the aforementioned company. The two operations were purchased and combined in 1884 to form the Times Mirror Company.

neg: The Daily Journal (New Jersey) The Daily Journal is a newspaper printed in Vineland, New Jersey from Monday to Saturday. It is distributed throughout most of Cumberland County in Southern New Jersey. Its main competitors are "The Philadelphia Inquirer, the Courier Post and "The Press of Atlantic City". The main focus is on communities in and around Vineland and Millville.

neg: Times Union (Albany) The Times Union is an American daily newspaper, serving the Capital Region of New York. Although the newspaper focuses on Albany and its suburbs, it covers all parts of the four-county area, including the cities of Troy, Schenectady and Saratoga Springs. It is owned by Hearst Communications. The paper was founded in 1857 as the "Morning Times", becoming "Times-Union" by 1891, and was purchased by William Randolph Hearst in 1924. The newspaper has been online since 1996.

neg: The State Journal-Register The State Journal-Register is the only local daily newspaper for Springfield, Illinois and its surrounding area. It was founded in 1831 as the "Sangamo Journal" by William Bailhache and Edward Baker, and claims to be "the oldest newspaper in Illinois." As such, it and its editor, Edward L. Baker, supported the political career of the Springfield-based Abraham Lincoln in the years before the American Civil War; in fact, it was in the "Journal's" office that Lincoln and his friends waited for the telegraphic news from Chicago to find out who would be the Republican presidential nominee in 1860.Later in publication, the name was changed to "Illinois State Journal."

neg: John Neville Wheeler John Neville "Jack" Wheeler (April 11, 1886 – October 13, 1973) was an American newspaperman, publishing executive, magazine editor, and author. He was born in Yonkers, New York, graduated Columbia University (which holds a collection of his papers), was a veteran of World War I serving in France as a field artillery lieutenant, began his newspaper career at the "New York Herald", and became managing editor of "Liberty". He is known primarily as the founder of several newspaper syndicates, of which the largest was the North American Newspaper Alliance (NANA), and through which he employed some of the most noted writing talents of his day.

neg: The Daily Compass The Daily Compass was an American leftist newspaper in New York City, New York, published from May 16, 1949 through November 3, 1952. It is best known for its columns by the investigative journalist I. F. Stone.


query: What city in California was home to a team that Robert Girard played hockey for?

pos: Bob Girard Robert Girard (born April 12, 1949 in Montreal, Quebec) is a retired Canadian ice hockey player who played 305 National Hockey League (NHL) games with the California Golden Seals, Cleveland Barons and Washington Capitals. He scored 45 goals and 69 assists in his NHL career. He also played for the Charlotte Checkers, Salt Lake Golden Eagles and Hershey Bears in the minor leagues.

pos: California Golden Seals The California Golden Seals were a team in the National Hockey League (NHL) from 1967 to 1976. Initially named California Seals, the team was renamed Oakland Seals partway through the 1967–68 season (on December 8, 1967), and then to California Golden Seals in 1970. The Seals were one of six teams added to the league as part of the 1967 NHL expansion. Based in Oakland, California, they played their home games at the Oakland–Alameda County Coliseum Arena. However, the Seals were never successful at the gate, and eventually moved to Cleveland to become the Cleveland Barons in 1976.

neg: Cleveland Barons (NHL) The Cleveland Barons were a professional ice hockey team in the National Hockey League (NHL) from 1976 to 1978. They were a relocation of the California Golden Seals franchise, which had played in Oakland since 1967. After only two seasons, the team merged with the Minnesota North Stars (now the Dallas Stars). As a result the NHL operated with 17 teams during the 1978–79 season.

neg: San Diego Skyhawks The San Diego Skyhawks were a professional ice hockey team in San Diego, California. They were a member of the Pacific Coast Hockey League from 1948 to 1950. They played their home games in the Glacier Gardens. They won the 1948-1949 President's Cup.

neg: Connecticut Coasters The Connecticut Coasters were a Roller Hockey International franchise based in New Haven, Connecticut, that played only in the 1993 season before moving to California and becoming the Sacramento River Rats.

neg: Dedeaux Field Dedeaux Field is a college baseball stadium in Los Angeles, California, U.S., on the west end of the campus of the University of Southern California. The home field of the USC Trojans of the Pac-12 Conference, it has a seating capacity of 2,500.

neg: San Rafael Pacifics The San Rafael Pacifics are a professional baseball team based in San Rafael, California, United States and are a charter franchise of the four-team Pacific Association of Professional Baseball Clubs, an independent professional baseball circuit not affiliated with Major League Baseball.

neg: San Francisco Dragons The San Francisco Dragons were a professional field lacrosse team based in San Francisco and San Jose, California. From 2006–2008, they played in Major League Lacrosse and they ceased operations before the 2009 season due to the economic situation in the United States.

neg: Sharks Sports and Entertainment Sharks Sports and Entertainment, Inc. is a privately held corporation based in San Jose, California, which owns and operates a number of sports properties, most notably the San Jose Sharks of the National Hockey League. The company was established in 2000 as Silicon Valley Sports and Entertainment by Sharks owners Gordon and George Gund III to manage the business operations of the team, San Jose Arena (now SAP Center at San Jose) and the events held at the arena. SVSE was among the assets purchased by San Jose Sports & Entertainment Enterprises when it bought the team and related properties from the Gund brothers in 2002, and became a subsidiary of SJSE as a result of the purchase. The company was renamed Sharks Sports and Entertainment on August 24, 2011.

neg: Bakersfield Oilers The Bakersfield Oilers was a semi-pro hockey team in the Pacific Southwest Hockey League that played in Bakersfield, California in 1994-95. The Oilers played out of the 4,100 seat Bakersfield Convention Center. The Oilers were the predecessor to the Bakersfield Fog of the West Coast Hockey League. They made the transition along with the Alaska Gold Kings (Fairbanks, Alaska), Anchorage Aces (Anchorage, Alaska), and Fresno Falcons (Fresno, California) to a minor professional league in 1995-96. The players had college, major junior, junior A and minor pro experience. Many of the players spent their off season playing roller hockey Roller Hockey International and were living in southern California.

neg: Calimesa, California Calimesa is a city in Riverside County, California, United States in the Greater Los Angeles area. The population was 7,879 at the 2010 census, up from 7,139 at the 2000 census. It is situated in the San Gorgonio Pass.

neg: Bob Champoux Robert Joseph Champoux (born December 2, 1942) is a retired Canadian professional ice hockey goaltender. He made his National Hockey League (NHL) debut with the Detroit Red Wings on March 29, 1964 when he replaced an injured Terry Sawchuk in a 5–4 victory at Chicago Stadium that evened the semifinal series against the Blackhawks at one game apiece. After Sawchuk returned to play all the remaining matches in the Red Wings' Stanley Cup playoff run, Champoux did not play in another NHL contest until nine years later when he registered a 2–11–3 record with the California Golden Seals, the worst team in the league during the 1973–74 season. He spent the remainder of his professional hockey career in the minor leagues.

neg: Long Beach Bombers The Long Beach Bombers are an Amateur Athletic Union-sanctioned Tier II junior ice hockey team in Western Division of the Western States Hockey League (WSHL). The team plays their home games at the The Rinks - Lakewood Ice in Lakewood, California.

neg: Los Angeles Dodgers The Los Angeles Dodgers are an American professional baseball team based in Los Angeles, California. The Dodgers compete in Major League Baseball (MLB) as a member club of the National League (NL) West division. Established in 1883 in Brooklyn, New York, the team moved to Los Angeles before the 1958 season. They played for four seasons at the Los Angeles Memorial Coliseum before moving to their current home of Dodger Stadium in 1962 .

neg: Bobby Rose (baseball) Robert Richard "Bobby" Rose (born March 15, 1967) is a former major league baseball player from Covina, California. He played on the California Angels in the major leagues, and on the Yokohama BayStars in the Japanese Central League.

neg: Santa Barbara Dodgers The Santa Barbara Dodgers were a minor league baseball team in the Class A California League based in the Pacific Ocean coastal resort city of Santa Barbara, California.

neg: Oakland (California League) Baseball Team Several different minor league baseball teams played in the city of Oakland, California in the California League (and its alternate names) starting in 1879 until 1915. From that point, the Oakland Oaks of the Pacific Coast League took over as the main team in Oakland.

neg: Rob Deer Robert George Deer (born September 29, 1960 in Orange, California) is a former American baseball player. He attended Canyon High School in Anaheim and Fresno City College, and was drafted by the San Francisco Giants in the 4th round of the 1978 amateur draft.

neg: New Mexico Renegades The New Mexico Renegades were a Tier III Junior A ice hockey team, based in Rio Rancho, New Mexico. The team played in the Mountain Division of the Western States Hockey League (WSHL). Their home games were played at the Blades Multiplex Arena. In 2014, the Renegades moved to Springfield, Missouri, and were rechristened the Springfield Express.

neg: California Golden Bears men's soccer The California Golden Bears men's soccer team is a varsity intercollegiate athletic team of University of California, Berkeley in Berkeley, California, United States. The team is a member of the Pac-12 Conference, which is part of the National Collegiate Athletic Association's Division I. California's first men's soccer team was fielded in 1906. The team plays its home games at Edwards Stadium. The Golden Bears are coached by Kevin Grimes.

neg: California Memorial Stadium California Memorial Stadium is an outdoor football stadium on the campus of the University of California, Berkeley in Berkeley, California. Commonly known as Memorial Stadium, it is the home field for the University of California Golden Bears of the Pac-12 Conference. The venue opened in 1923 and currently seats around 63,000 fans for football. The playing field runs NW-SE, at an elevation of 410 feet (125 m) above sea level, and was listed in the National Register of Historic Places on November 27, 2006. The stadium is located on the Hayward Fault, which passes directly under the playing field, nearly from goal post to goal post.

neg: Albuquerque Six-Guns The Albuquerque Six-Guns were a professional ice hockey team playing in Albuquerque, New Mexico, USA. They were in the Central Hockey League in the 1973-74 season only. They played in the Tingley Coliseum.


query: Who was born first, Aaron Katz or Jim Sharman?

pos: Aaron Katz (filmmaker) Aaron Katz (born October 29, 1981) is an award-winning independent American filmmaker from Portland, Oregon.

pos: Jim Sharman James David Sharman (born 12 March 1945), the son of boxing tent entrepreneur Jimmy Sharman, is an Australian director and writer for film and stage with more than 70 productions to his credit. He is renowned in Australia for his work as a theatre director from the 1960s to the present, and is best known internationally as the director of the 1973 theatrical hit "The Rocky Horror Show", its film adaptation "The Rocky Horror Picture Show" (1975) and the film's follow-up "Shock Treatment" (1981).

neg: Aaron Watson James Aaron Watson is an American singer (born 20 August 1977) from Amarillo, Texas.

neg: Rachel Adler Rachel Adler (born as Ruthelyn Rubin in Chicago on (1943--) 02, 1943 (age (2017)-(1943)-((11)<(7)or(11)==(7)and(29)<(02)) ) ) is professor of Modern Jewish Thought and Judaism and Gender at Hebrew Union College, at the Los Angeles campus. Adler was one of the first theologians to integrate feminist perspectives and concerns into Jewish texts and the renewal of Jewish law and ethics.

neg: Michael Katz (journalist) Michael Katz (born December 2, 1939) is an American sportswriter.

neg: Aaron Weinstein Aaron Jacob Weinstein (born July 31, 1985) is a jazz violinist, mandolinist, and arranger.

neg: David Kaufmann David Kaufmann (7 June 1852 – 6 July 1899) (Hebrew: דוד קויפמן) was a Jewish-Austrian scholar born at Kojetín, Moravia (now in the Czech Republic). From 1861 to 1867 he attended the gymnasium at Kroměříž, Moravia, where he studied the Bible and Talmud with Jacob Brüll, rabbi of Kojetín, and with the latter's son Nehemiah.

neg: Aaron Eckhart Aaron Edward Eckhart (born March 12, 1968) is an American actor.

neg: Berel Wein Berel Wein (born March 25, 1934) is an American-born Orthodox rabbi, lecturer and writer. He authored several books concerning Jewish history and popularized the subject through more than 1,000 audio tapes, newspaper articles and international lectures. Throughout his career, he has retained personal and ideological ties to both Modern Orthodox and Haredi Judaism.

neg: Yitzhak Katznelson Yitzhak Katznelson (Hebrew: יצחק כצנלסון  ; born 1934) is an Israeli mathematician.

neg: Aaron S. Rosenberg Aaron S. Rosenberg (born October 13, 1969) is an American novelist and game designer.

neg: Schneersohn Schneersohn (or Schneerson) is a Jewish surname used by many of the descendants of the Rabbi Shneur Zalman of Liadi, the first Rebbe of the Chabad-Lubavitch Hasidic movement.

neg: Aaron (given name) Aaron is a hellenized Hebrew masculine given name. The 'h' phoneme in the original Hebrew pronunciation "Aharon" (אהרן) is dropped in the Greek, Ααρών, from which the English form, Aaron, is derived.

neg: Aaron Hart (rabbi) Chief Rabbi Aaron Uri Phoebus Hart (Hebrew: רבי אהרן אורי פײבוש הרט  ; 1670 – 1756) was the first chief rabbi of the United Kingdom and the rabbi of the Great Synagogue of London from 1704 until his death.

neg: Katzman Katzman is a surname. Notable people with the surname include:

neg: Jacob Katz Jacob Katz (Hebrew: יעקב כ"ץ) (born 15 November 1904 in Magyargencs, Hungary, died 20 May 1998 in Israel) was a Jewish historian and educator. He established the history curriculum used in Israel's High Schools.

neg: Lon Rosen Lon Rosen (born 1959) is the current executive vice president and chief marketing officer for the Los Angeles Dodgers and former executive vice president of Magic Johnson Enterprises.

neg: Aarón Aarón is the Spanish form of the Biblical name Aharon.

neg: Aaron Goldberg (golfer) Aaron Goldberg (born July 19, 1985) is an American professional golfer who plays on the Nationwide Tour and the Canadian Tour.

neg: Sam Aaron Sam Aaron (October 7, 1911 – July 21, 1996) was a wine merchant and co-founder, with his brother Jack, of Sherry-Lehmann Wines and Spirits. At the end of Prohibition in 1934, Jack Aaron purchased the liquor store in the old Louis Sherry building. He and Sam set about recreating the shop with Sam shifting the emphasis to wine, having been influenced by a meeting with the writer and wine importer, Frank Schoonmaker. In 1946, the shop moved across the street, where it remained until a second move in 2007. Aaron and his brother hired sometime actor and food enthusiast James Beard to run Alanberry's, the gourmet shop next door.

neg: Aaron Cohen (judoka) Aaron Cohen is a former US judoka. He was a 5 time US national champion, and earned a silver medal in the 2008 US Olympic trials. He is the son of Irwin Cohen, a former Olympian. Aaron's uncle Steve is a former Olympic competitor and coach and his brother Richard also competed at the national level.

neg: Sam Kassin Sam Kassin (lit. Shlomo Kassin), also known as "Rabbi Sammy", is an American educator in Israel.


query: A western film starring a medal of honor recipient who demonstrated valor at the age of 19, was released in what year?

pos: Cast a Long Shadow Cast a Long Shadow is a 1959 Western film starring Audie Murphy. It was made by a company Murphy formed with Walter Mirisch.

pos: Audie Murphy Audie Leon Murphy (20 June 1925 – 28 May 1971) was one of the most decorated American combat soldiers of World War II, receiving every military combat award for valor available from the U.S. Army, as well as French and Belgian awards for heroism. Murphy received the Medal of Honor for valor demonstrated at the age of 19 for single-handedly holding off an entire company of German soldiers for an hour at the Colmar Pocket in France in January 1945, then leading a successful counterattack while wounded and out of ammunition.

neg: Charles A. Bessey Charles A. Bessey (1848–1909) was a United States Army soldier and a recipient of the United States military's highest decoration, the Medal of Honor, for his actions in the Indian Wars of the western United States.

neg: Dodge City (film) Dodge City is a 1939 American Western film directed by Michael Curtiz and starring Errol Flynn, Olivia de Havilland, and Ann Sheridan. Based on a story by Robert Buckner, the film is about a Texas cattle agent who witnesses the brutal lawlessness of Dodge City, Kansas and takes the job of sheriff to clean the town up. Filmed in early Technicolor, "Dodge City" was one of the highest-grossing films of the year. This was the 7th of 11 movies that de Havilland and Flynn appeared in together.

neg: Silver on the Sage Silver on the Sage is a 1939 American Western film directed by Lesley Selander and written by Maurice Geraghty. Starring William Boyd, George "Gabby" Hayes, Russell Hayden, Ruth Rogers, Stanley Ridges, Frederick Burton and Jack Rockwell, it was released on March 31, 1939, by Paramount Pictures. Silver on the Sage was Hopalong Cassidy series entry number 25.

neg: Paroled - To Die Paroled - To Die is a 1938 American Western film directed by Sam Newfield and written by George H. Plympton. The film stars Bob Steele, Kathleen Eliot, Karl Hackett, Horace Murphy, Steve Clark and Budd Buster. The film was released on January 11, 1938, by Republic Pictures.

neg: Silver River (film) Silver River is a 1948 western film directed by Raoul Walsh and starring Errol Flynn and Ann Sheridan. The film is based on a Stephen Longstreet novel.

neg: Gun Law (film) Gun Law is a 1919 American short Western film directed by John Ford.

neg: West of Tombstone West of Tombstone is an American B-Western directed by Howard Bretherton starring Charles Starrett.

neg: Tumbleweeds (1925 film) Tumbleweeds is a 1925 American Western film starring and produced by William S. Hart. It depicts the Cherokee Strip land rush of 1893. The film is said to have influenced the Oscar-winning 1931 Western "Cimarron", which also depicts the land rush. The 1939 Astor Pictures' re-release of "Tumbleweeds" includes an 8-minute introduction by the then 75-year-old Hart as he talks about his career and the "glories of the old west." "Tumbleweeds" was Hart's last movie.

neg: Stolen Honor Stolen Honor is a 45-minute anti-John Kerry video documentary that was released during the September 2004 election season. It features interviews with a number of American men who contend they were prisoners of war in North Vietnam and suffered increased maltreatment while prisoners as a direct result of Kerry's Fulbright Hearing testimony in April 1971. The subtitle of the film is "Wounds That Never Heal"; on the production company's website the complete title is given instead as Stolen Honor: John Kerry's Record of Betrayal. Its name was based on the book "Stolen Valor: How the Vietnam Generation Was Robbed of Its Heroes and Its History" by B.G. Burkett and Glenna Whitley.

neg: The Young Land The Young Land is a 1959 American Western drama film directed by Ted Tetzlaff starring Patrick Wayne and Dennis Hopper. The cinematography was by Technicolor developer Winton C. Hoch and Henry Sharp. The film was distributed by Columbia Pictures Corporation.

neg: Colorado Territory (film) Colorado Territory is a 1949 American Western film directed by Raoul Walsh and starring Joel McCrea, Virginia Mayo, and Dorothy Malone. Written by Edmund H. North and John Twist, and based on the novel "High Sierra" by W.R. Burnett, the film is about an outlaw who is sprung from jail to help pull one last railroad job.

neg: Return of the Frontiersman Return of the Frontiersman is a 1950 American Western film directed by Richard L. Bare and written by Edna Anhalt. The film stars Gordon MacRae, Julie London, Rory Calhoun, Jack Holt, Fred Clark and Edwin Rand. The film was released by Warner Bros. on June 24, 1950.

neg: Rawhide (1938 film) Rawhide is a 1938 Western film starring Lou Gehrig and made by Twentieth Century-Fox Film Corporation. The movie was directed by Ray Taylor and produced by Sol Lesser from a screenplay by Jack Natteford and Daniel Jarrett. The cinematography was by Allen Q. Thompson. This is the only Hollywood movie in which baseball great Lou Gehrig made a screen appearance, playing himself as a vacationing ballplayer visiting his sister Peggy (played by Evalyn Knapp) on a ranch in the fictional town of Rawhide, Montana. The film remains available on DVD and VHS formats.

neg: Ranger of Cherokee Strip Ranger of Cherokee Strip is a 1949 American Western film directed by Philip Ford and written by Robert Creighton Williams. The film stars Monte Hale, Paul Hurst, Alix Talton, Roy Barcroft, Douglas Kennedy and George Meeker. The film was released on November 4, 1949, by Republic Pictures.

neg: Breed of Men Breed of Men is a 1919 American Western silent film directed by Lambert Hillyer and written by J.G. Hawks. The film stars William S. Hart, Seena Owen, Bert Sprotte and Buster Irving. The film was released on February 2, 1919, by Paramount Pictures.

neg: Thomas Cruse Thomas Cruse (December 29, 1857 – June 8, 1943) was a United States Army Brigadier General who was a recipient of the Medal of Honor for valor in action on July 17, 1882, at the Battle of Big Dry Wash, Arizona. An 1879 graduate of West Point, he served in numerous campaigns on the Western Frontier and later in the Philippines. He retired as a brigadier general in 1918.

neg: Knights of the Range Knights of the Range is a 1940 American Western film directed by Lesley Selander and written by Norman Houston. The film stars Russell Hayden, Victor Jory, Jean Parker, Morris Ankrum, Britt Wood and J. Farrell MacDonald. The film was released on February 23, 1940, by Paramount Pictures.

neg: The Fastest Gun Alive The Fastest Gun Alive is a 1956 Western film starring Glenn Ford, Jeanne Crain, and Broderick Crawford.

neg: The Young and The Brave The Young and The Brave (also known by the working title Attong) is a feature film released in 1963 by Metro-Goldwyn-Mayer which depicts the quality of bravery of a group of prisoners of war that escaped North Korean capture, their youthful companion, and his dog during their journey to the American lines.

neg: The Arizona Ranger The Arizona Raider is a 1948 Western starring Tim Holt and his father Jack, the only movie where they co-starred.


query: Are both Jon Hume and Lee Sung-min members of Evermore?

pos: Jon Hume Jon Hume (born 6 November 1983) is the lead singer of Evermore. He is a singer-songwriter, multi-instrumentalist, Record Producer and Studio owner. Jon is the eldest of the three brothers who make up the New Zealand band Evermore.

pos: Lee Sung-min (singer) Lee Sung-min (born January 1, 1986) is a South Korean singer and actor. He is a member of the South Korean boy band Super Junior and its sub-groups Super Junior-T, Super Junior-H and Super Junior-M.

neg: Jamie Lee Wilson Jamie Lee Wilson, also known as JVMIE, is an Australian singer, songwriter and music producer. She is best known for the 2017 single Back 2 Love in collaboration with Grammy Award-winning producer Dave Audé which peaked at #2 on the Billboard Club Dance Chart and #31 on the Billboard Hot Dance Electronic Songs Chart.

neg: All I Ever Wanted (album) All I Ever Wanted is the fourth studio album by American singer Kelly Clarkson, released on March 6, 2009 by RCA Records. After the controversies that surrounded her previous studio album, "My December" (2007), which was seen as darker than her other two albums, Clarkson went on to record a more pop-oriented album. In order to do so, she enlisted her previous collaborators Max Martin, Dr. Luke, (whom she worked with on her 2004 second album, "Breakaway"), Sam Watters and Louis Biancaniello (whom she worked with on her 2003 debut album "Thankful"), and new collaborators, Ryan Tedder, Howard Benson and Dre & Vidal.

neg: Marvin Humes Marvin Richard James Humes (born 18 March 1985) is an English disc jockey and radio host who currently presents the late show across the UK's Capital FM Network, and the Vodafone Big Top 40 chart show across UK commercial radio stations on a Sunday afternoon. He is best known as a former member of the boyband JLS, the runner-up boyband to Alexandra Burke in the fifth series of "The X Factor". After a successful five years, JLS split in December 2013.

neg: Dean Howard (musician) Dean Howard (born 7 May 1961, Greenwich, London) is a guitarist who was part of Ian Gillan's backing band on the Deep Purple frontman's U.S. solo tour in August and September 2006. Dean was working with Toby Jepson (ex Little Angels), and is now with Air Race.

neg: Kim Jae-joong Kim Jae-joong (Hangul: 김재중 ; Hanja: 金在中 ; born January 26, 1986), also known mononymously as Jaejoong, is a South Korean singer, songwriter, actor, director and designer. He is best known as a member of the Korean pop group JYJ, and was one of the original members of boy band TVXQ. Kim was also known by the stage names Hero Jaejoong (in South Korea), Jejung (ジェジュン) (in Japan), and 英雄在中 (영웅재중) (in China). Kim is now using Kim Jae-joong (JYJ) for his activities.

neg: Ever Ever After "Ever Ever After" is a song by American country singer and season four winner of "American Idol", Carrie Underwood, written by composer Alan Menken and lyricist Stephen Schwartz for "Enchanted "(2007). The song, which was the last of several written for the film, appears as the fifth track on its soundtrack album. A mid-tempo country pop ballad that incorporates elements of both pop and rock music, the lyrics of "Ever Ever After" speak of falling in love and discovering one's happily ever after, as well as several other traditional elements that are often associated with fairy tales.

neg: Lee Ji-hye Lee Ji-hye (born January 11, 1980) is a South Korean singer and actress. She was former member of pop group S#arp. The group released six albums before their breakup in 2002, attributed to the feud between Lee and fellow female member Seo Ji-young. As a solo artist, she has released several singles. She was a former cast member in the variety show "Infinite Girls Season 2".She has been married on September 18, 2017.

neg: Xiumin Kim Min-seok (born (1990--) 26, 1990 ), better known by his stage name Xiumin, is a South Korean singer and actor. He is best known as a member of the South Korean-Chinese boy group EXO, its sub-group EXO-M, and its sub-unit EXO-CBX.

neg: Alex Ligertwood Alexander John "Alex" Ligertwood is a Scottish singer, guitarist and drummer. He is best known as the lead vocalist of Santana (1979-1985, 1987, 1989–1991, 1992–1994). He is credited on songs by Santana, including "All I Ever Wanted", "You Know That I Love You", "Winning" and "Hold On". He also performed with The Senate (1960s), The Jeff Beck Group (1970) and Brian Auger's Oblivion Express (1971–72 and 2013–present). He also appeared with (Grateful Dead side project) Go Ahead (1986 and 1988), John Cipollina and friends (1988), the Average White Band (1989) and David Sancious.

neg: JinJoo Lee JinJoo Lee (born November 15, 1987) is a South Korean musician and guitarist. She is best known as the guitarist for the pop rock band DNCE.

neg: Garth Porter Garth Ivan Richard Porter (born 24 September 1948) is a New Zealand-born Australian multi-instrumental musician, songwriter and record producer. He was a member, on keyboards and backing vocals, of the pop group, Sherbet (1970–84), and co-wrote both of their number-one singles, "Summer Love" (March 1975) and "Howzat" (May 1976). Porter is a co-writer and producer for country music singer Lee Kernaghan.

neg: Aaron Lee Tasjan Aaron Lee Tasjan is an American singer-songwriter, guitarist, and record producer.

neg: Every Single Day (band) Every Single Day (Korean: 에브리싱글데이 ), is a popular all male band from South Korea formed in 1997. The group debuted with three original members: Moon Sung-nam (singer and bassist), Jung Jae-oo (guitarist), and Gang Moon-chul (drummer).

neg: Lee Soo-min (actress, born 1984) Lee Soo-min (born October 5, 1984) is a South Korean actress. She is best known as a cast on the TV show "The God of Music 2" and "Saturday Night Live Korea". She was also the leader and rapper for C.I.V.A.

neg: Jon MacLennan Jon MacLennan is a Los Angeles-based musician, composer, producer and music educator. MacLennan's session work includes playing guitar on Julian Lennon and Steven Tyler’s song, "Someday", from Lennon's album, "Everything Changes" (2013), and backing vocals on Jamie Cullum's album, "The Pursuit" (2009). He’s also played guitar on songs for Holly Knight, Mark Spiro and Tim Miner. MacLennan’s original song, "Fallin' Deeper", is featured in the Twentieth Century Fox film (2011) soundtrack. MacLennan's published works include: three self-produced albums, two instructional music iBooks, "Melodic Expressions: The Art of the Line" (2012), "Play Ukulele" (2012) and hundreds of instructional workshop videos on his YouTube channel with over 1.48 million views.

neg: Ramsay Midwood (musician) Ramsay Midwood is an Austin, Texas-based singer and songwriter. His voice has been likened to Woody Guthrie, Johnny Cash, John Prine, and Bruce Springsteen, his lyrical imagery to Tom Waits, and his raw blues music to John Lee Hooker.

neg: Eric Troyer Eric Lee Troyer (born 10 April 1949) is an American keyboardist, singer, songwriter, and occasional guitarist, best known as a member of ELO Part II and its successor, popular live band, The Orchestra. Troyer was a founding member of ELO Part II, having been recruited by band leader Bev Bevan in 1989. and wrote a substantial quantity of the material on The Orchestra's No Rewind album.

neg: Matt Everitt Matt Everitt (born September 13, 1972 in Sutton Coldfield) is an English radio presenter. He currently works for BBC Radio 6 Music. He was a drummer for Britpop band Menswear and The Montrose Avenue in the 1990s.

neg: Shin Hye-sung Jung Pil-kyo (born November 27, 1979), better known by his stage name Shin Hye-sung, is a South Korean singer-songwriter. He is best known as a member of the South Korean boy group Shinhwa.

neg: Lee Sung-jae Lee Sung-jae (born August 23, 1970) is a South Korean actor. Among his notable works include the films "Art Museum by the Zoo", "Attack the Gas Station", "Barking Dogs Never Bite", and "Kick the Moon", as well as the television series "Lie" and "A Wife's Credentials".


query: When did the Emperor of the French rule, whose last victorious battle was also The Battle of Saint-Dizier?

pos: Battle of Saint-Dizier The Battle of Saint-Dizier was a battle during the War of the Sixth Coalition, fought on 26 March 1814, and is notable as Napoleon's last victory before he abdicated.

pos: Napoleon Napoléon Bonaparte ( ; ] ; 15 August 1769 – 5 May 1821) was a French military and political leader who rose to prominence during the French Revolution and led several successful campaigns during the French Revolutionary Wars. As Napoleon I, he was Emperor of the French from 1804 until 1814, and again briefly in 1815 (during the Hundred Days). Napoleon dominated European and global affairs for more than a decade while leading France against a series of coalitions in the Napoleonic Wars. He won most of these wars and the vast majority of his battles, building a large empire that ruled over continental Europe before its final collapse in 1815. One of the greatest commanders in history, his wars and campaigns are studied at military schools worldwide. Napoleon's political and cultural legacy has endured as one of the most celebrated and controversial leaders in human history.

neg: Second Battle of Kulm The Second Battle of Kulm or the Battle of Teplitz was fought on 17 September 1813 heights immediately above Kulm, by a Coalition army commanded by the Austrian field marshal, Prince of Schwarzenberg, and a French army under the command of the Emperor Napoleon. It resulted in an Austrian victory.

neg: Frederick William III of Prussia Frederick William III (German: "Friedrich Wilhelm III" ) (3 August 1770 – 7 June 1840) was king of Prussia from 1797 to 1840. He ruled Prussia during the difficult times of the Napoleonic Wars and the end of the Holy Roman Empire. Steering a careful course between France and her enemies, after a major military defeat in 1806, he eventually and reluctantly joined the coalition against Napoleon in the "Befreiungskriege". Following Napoleon's defeat he was King of Prussia during the Congress of Vienna which assembled to settle the political questions arising from the new, post-Napoleonic order in Europe. He was determined to unify the Protestant churches, to homogenize their liturgy, their organization and even their architecture. The long-term goal was to have fully centralized royal control of all the Protestant churches in the Prussian Union of churches.

neg: Battle of Rocroi The Battle of Rocroi of 19 May 1643 resulted in the victory of a French army under the Duc d'Enghien against the Spanish Army under General Francisco de Melo only five days after the accession of Louis XIV of France to the throne of France, late in the Thirty Years' War. The battle is considered by many to be the turning point of the perceived invincibility of the Spanish tercio.

neg: Pierre André de Suffren Admiral comte Pierre André de Suffren de Saint Tropez, bailli de Suffren (17 July 1729 – 8 December 1788), French admiral. He was most famous for his campaign in the Indian Ocean, in which he fought a series of intense and evenly matched battles for supremacy against the established British power there, led by Vice-Admiral Sir Edward Hughes. Alfred T. Mahan praised Suffren as "a very great man" and evaluated him in terms he usually reserved for praising decisively victorious admirals.

neg: Charles-François Thaon, Count of Saint-André Charles-François Thaon de Revel et de Saint-André (28 February 1725 – 14 December 1807) was an army commander for the Kingdom of Sardinia during the War of the First Coalition. He fought in the War of the Austrian Succession and during the years of peace gained promotion until he was made major general in 1780. He was forced to abandon Nice to the invading Republican French army in 1792. The following year he defeated the French at Saorgio. He played a minor part in 1799 during the War of the Second Coalition. He went to Sardinia after the end of that conflict and died at Cagliari.

neg: Battle of Möerskirch The Battle of Möerskirch was fought on 5 or 15 May 1800, between France and Austria. The French were led by Jean Victor Marie Moreau, and they were victorious. Austrian forces were under General Kray.

neg: Peace of Pressburg (1805) The fourth Peace of Pressburg (also known as the Treaty of Pressburg; German: "Preßburger Frieden" ; French: "Traité de Presbourg" ) was signed on 26 December 1805 between Napoleon and Holy Roman Emperor Francis II as a consequence of the French victories over the Austrians at Ulm (25 September – 20 October) and Austerlitz (2 December). A truce was agreed on 4 December, and negotiations for the treaty began. The treaty was signed in Pressburg (now Bratislava), at that time in Hungary, by Johann I Josef, Prince of Liechtenstein, and the Hungarian Count Ignaz Gyulai for Austria and Charles Maurice de Talleyrand for France.

neg: Battle of Valenciennes (1656) The Battle of Valenciennes (16 July 1656) was fought between the Spanish troops commanded by Don Juan José de Austria against the French troops under Marshal Henri de la Tour d'Auvergne, Vicomte de Turenne, in the outskirts of the town in the Spanish Netherlands, during the Franco-Spanish War. It was the worst of only a few defeats that the French Marshal Vicomte de Turenne suffered in his long career campaigning and is regarded as Spain's last great victory of the 17th century.

neg: Maximinus II Maximinus II (Latin: "Gaius Valerius Galerius Maximinus Daia Augustus" ; 20 November c. 270 – July or August 313), also known as Maximinus Daia or Maximinus Daza, was Roman Emperor from 308 to 313. He became embroiled in the Civil wars of the Tetrarchy between rival claimants for control of the empire, in which he was defeated by Licinius. A committed pagan, he engaged in one of the last persecutions of Christians.

neg: Order of battle for the Battle of Caldiero (1805) The armies of the First French Empire and the Austrian Empire fought the Battle of Caldiero from 29 to 31 October 1805 just east of Verona in Italy. Marshal André Masséna led the French Army of Italy while Archduke Charles commanded the Austrian "Armee von Italien". Historians variously call the battle a French victory, an Austrian victory, or indecisive. Austrian losses were over 5,500, while the French suffered at least 5,000 casualties. Archduke Charles began a withdrawal from Italy on 1 November. The retreat ended in early December with Archduke Charles' army intact at Kormend in western Hungary. Unfortunately for Austria, by this time, Emperor Napoleon had decisively defeated the Austro-Russian army at the Battle of Austerlitz.

neg: Battle of Solferino The Battle of Solferino (referred to in Italy as the Battle of Solferino and San Martino) on 24 June 1859 resulted in the victory of the allied French Army under Napoleon III and Sardinian Army under Victor Emmanuel II (together known as the Franco-Sardinian Alliance) against the Austrian Army under Emperor Franz Joseph I. It was the last major battle in world history where all the armies were under the personal command of their monarchs . Perhaps 300,000 soldiers fought in the important battle, the largest since the Battle of Leipzig in 1813. There were about 130,000 Austrian troops and a combined total of 140,000 French and allied Piedmontese troops. After the battle, the Austrian Emperor refrained from further direct command of the army.

neg: Louis Charbonnier In May and June 1794, Charbonnier and Jacques Desjardin jointly led an army that tried three times to establish a foothold on the north bank of the Sambre River. After defeats in the battles of Grandreng, Erquelinnes and Gosselies, Charbonnier was recalled to Paris in semi-disgrace on 8 June 1794. After being unemployed for several months, he was assigned to command a series of garrisons in France and Belgium. He was governor of Maastricht from 1801 to 1814. He was buried in his hometown of Clamecy, Nièvre in 1833. His surname is one of the names inscribed under the Arc de Triomphe, on Column 4.

neg: Marie Louise, Duchess of Parma Marie Louise (Maria Ludovica Leopoldina Franziska Therese Josepha Lucia; Italian: "Maria Luigia Leopoldina Francesca Teresa Giuseppa Lucia"; 12 December 1791 – 17 December 1847) was an Austrian archduchess who reigned as Duchess of Parma from 1814 until her death. She was Napoleon's second wife and, as such, Empress of the French from 1810 to 1814.

neg: Constantine the Great Constantine the Great (Latin: "Flavius Valerius Aurelius Constantinus Augustus" ; Greek: Κωνσταντῖνος ὁ Μέγας ; 27 February 272 AD – 22 May 337 AD), also known as Constantine I or Saint Constantine (in the Orthodox Church as Saint Constantine the Great, Equal-to-the-Apostles), was a Roman Emperor of Illyrian-Greek origin from 306 to 337 AD. He was the son of Flavius Valerius Constantius, a Roman Army officer, and his consort Helena. His father became "Caesar", the deputy emperor in the west, in 293 AD. Constantine was sent east, where he rose through the ranks to become a military tribune under Emperors Diocletian and Galerius. In 305, Constantius raised himself to the rank of "Augustus", senior western emperor, and Constantine was recalled west to campaign under his father in Britannia (Britain). Constantine was acclaimed as emperor by the army at Eboracum (modern-day York) after his father's death in 306 AD, and he emerged victorious in a series of civil wars against Emperors Maxentius and Licinius to become sole ruler of both west and east by 324 AD.

neg: Bassano 1796 Campaign Order of Battle In the Battle of Bassano on 8 September 1796, Napoleon Bonaparte and his French Army of Italy routed an Austrian army led by Dagobert Sigmund von Wurmser. Afterward, Wurmser gathered the intact parts of his army and marched for Mantua. On 15 September, the French defeated the Austrians and drove them into the fortress. This raised the numbers of the underfed and malaria-ridden garrison to nearly 30,000 men. These actions and the Battle of Rovereto occurred during the second attempted relief of the Siege of Mantua.

neg: German Campaign of 1813 The German Campaign (German: "Befreiungskriege" , 'Wars of Liberation' ) was fought in 1813. Members of the Sixth Coalition fought a series of battles in Germany against the French Emperor Napoleon and his Marshals, which liberated the German states from the domination of the First French Empire.

neg: Francis II, Holy Roman Emperor Francis II (German: "Franz" ; 12 February 1768 – 2 March 1835) was the last Holy Roman Emperor, ruling from 1792 until 6 August 1806, when he dissolved the Holy Roman Empire of the German Nation after the decisive defeat at the hands of the First French Empire led by Napoleon at the Battle of Austerlitz. In 1804, he had founded the Austrian Empire and became Francis I, the first Emperor of Austria, ruling from 1804 to 1835, so later he was named the one and only "Doppelkaiser" (double emperor) in history.

neg: Louis X of France Louis X (4 October 1289 – 5 June 1316), called the Quarreler, the Headstrong, or the Stubborn (French: "le Hutin" ), was a monarch of the House of Capet who ruled as King of Navarre (as Louis I Basque: "Luis I.a Nafarroakoa" ) and Count of Champagne from 1305 and as King of France from 1314 until his death.

neg: Italian War of 1551–59 The Italian War of 1551 (1551–1559), sometimes known as the Habsburg–Valois War and the Last Italian War, began when Henry II of France, who had succeeded Francis I to the throne, declared war against Holy Roman Emperor Charles V with the intent of recapturing Italy and ensuring French, rather than Habsburg, domination of European affairs. The war was the last of a series of wars between the same parties since 1521. Historians have emphasized the importance of gun powder technology, new styles of fortification to resist cannon fire, and the increased professionalization of the soldiers.

neg: Duc d'Auerstaedt The title of Duc d'Auerstaedt (sometimes written Auerstädt) was created by Napoleon I, Emperor of the French, for the Marshal of France Louis Nicolas Davout in 1808 as a victory title rewarding and commemorating Davout's splendid victory at the Battle of Auerstaedt in 1806.


query: Gatti's Pizza and MOD Pizza, are located in which country?

pos: Gatti's Pizza Gatti's Pizza (formerly Mr. Gatti's) is a Southeastern United States pizza-buffet chain. Gatti's Pizza, founded in 1964 is owned by Blue Sage Capital, a private equity investment firm. The corporate offices are in Austin, Texas.

pos: MOD Pizza MOD Pizza is a fast casual pizza restaurant chain based in the United States. Founded in Seattle, Washington in 2008, MOD has more than 200 locations in the United States and United Kingdom. MOD is a company that is claimed by its owners to be "more about the people than the pizza" and to focus on paying living wages and providing employees with opportunities to give back to the community.

neg: Hell Pizza Hell Pizza is a New Zealand-based pizza chain. Hell began in New Zealand in 1996 next to Victoria University, and has expanded within New Zealand and to the UK, Australia, Ireland, Canada, Korea and India.

neg: Tony's Pizza Napoletana Tony’s Pizza Napoletana is a pizzeria located in San Francisco, California on Stockton Street which serves Neapolitan styled pizza. In 2015, it is considered the 5th highest rated pizzeria in the United States by TripAdvisor.

neg: Alessandra Mirka Gatti Alessandra Mirka Gatti (born Alessandra Gatti, 19 November 1969, in Mantua, Italy) is an Italian Eurobeat singer who is popularly known by her stage name of Domino.

neg: Monica Galetti Monica Galetti (née Fa'afiti, born 1975) is a Samoan-born New Zealand chef who is based in London, England.

neg: El Cuartito El Cuartito is a pizza restaurant in Buenos Aires, Argentina founded in September 1934. It is located on Talcahuano 937. El Cuartito's slogan is "The Good Pizza" (Spanish: "La Buena Pizza" ). It has been declared cultural heritage of Buenos Aires. El Cuartito is one of the oldest pizza restaurants in Buenos Aires. The restaurant also specializes in empanadas.

neg: Modani Furniture Modani Furniture is a furniture manufacturer and retail company headquartered in Miami, FL, with branches in New York City, Los Angeles, Houston, Chicago, Atlanta, Dallas, San Francisco and Toronto (Canada). It is also winner of the Bank of America Small Business of the Year Award 2011.

neg: Toppers Pizza (American restaurant) Toppers Pizza is a chain of pizzerias in the United States. The chain was founded by Scott Gittrich in 1991 in Champaign, Illinois, but the original location closed in the mid-1990s. The first Toppers Pizza location in Wisconsin opened in Whitewater in 1993. The company is headquartered in Whitewater, Wisconsin. The first official franchise store opened in Eau Claire, WI in 1997.

neg: Santarpio's Pizza Santarpio's Pizza is a well-known restaurant in the neighborhood of East Boston, Massachusetts, United States. It was originally established in 1903 as a bakery. Frank Santarpio began selling pizza there three decades later. A landmark to locals and a destination for visitors, the eatery is primarily known for its New York-style pizza, which it has served at its Chelsea Street location since 1933. One "Boston Globe" reporter said of the establishment that "[t]he average New Englander's only knowledge of East Boston is the sign for Santarpio's Pizza that can be seen from the highway on the way to the airport."

neg: Flexform Flexform SpA is an Italian company with its head office in Meda, Italy, at the centre of the furniture production district of La Brianza. Founded in 1959 by the Galimberti brothers, the company designs, produces and markets furniture and furnishing accessories for residential and public use.

neg: Gelato Italia Gelato Italia is a British company producing high-end Italian frozen desserts. Their factory is based in Southend-on-Sea, Essex. Gelato Italia operate nationally in the UK with ice cream vans, kiosks and parlours;

neg: Granarolo (company) Granarolo S.p.A. is a food company in Italy, founded in 1957 and based in Bologna. It operates in the fresh milk and dairy-cheese sector (milk, yoghurt, desserts, ice cream, fresh cream and long-life cream, fresh and aged cheeses, and milk-based baby food), dry pasta, deli meats and vegetable foods.

neg: Home Run Inn Home Run Inn is a restaurant chain known for their Chicago-style pizza as well as frozen pizzas. Home Run Inn is headquartered in Woodridge, Illinois of the United States.

neg: Asiago Asiago (] ; Cimbrian: "Slege", German: "Schlägen" ] ) is the name of both a major Italian PDO (Protected Designation of Origin) cheese and a minor township (population roughly 6,500) in the surrounding plateau region (the "Altopiano di Asiago" or "Altopiano dei Sette Comuni", Asiago plateau) in the Province of Vicenza in the Veneto region of Northeastern Italy. It is near the border between the Veneto and Trentino-Alto Adige/Südtirol regions in the foothills of the Alps, and about equidistant (60 km) from the major cities of Trento to the west and Vicenza to the south.

neg: Widget UK Widget UK is a consumer electronics distribution, based in Stevenage, England.

neg: Mo, Hordaland Mo is the administrative centre of Modalen municipality, located in northern Hordaland county, Norway. The village lies at the mouth of the river Moelva, where it empties into the Romarheimsfjorden (also known as the Mofjorden). The small village has about 100 residents. It is the seat of the municipal government and it is also the site of Mo Church, the only Church of Norway church in the municipality. The main "centre" of the village lies along the shore of the fjord where there are some small shops and a hotel that is run by some Icelanders.

neg: Pizza Haven (Australia) Pizza Haven is a defunct Australian and New Zealand pizza restaurant chain and franchise operation.

neg: Krispy Kreme UK Krispy Kreme UK is the United Kingdom subsidiary of Krispy Kreme Doughnuts, an American company. The UK headquarters are in Camberley, Surrey.

neg: Peppes Pizza Peppes Pizza is a Norwegian pizza chain that serves American style and Italian style pizza. Peppes is the largest pizza chain in Scandinavia. The restaurant was founded by two Americans, Louis Jordan and his wife Anne from Hartford, Connecticut. The restaurant chain is part of Umoe Catering As which consists of restaurants such as Burger King, TGI Fridays, La Baguette and Cafe Opus. Peppes Pizza is one of the first restaurants that brought foreign food to Norway. 9 million pizzas are served by Peppes each year with deliveries in 11 cities in Norway. Their menu was first put online in March 1995. The servings have been described as enough for two people and that the pizza chain is "a cut above the rest".

neg: Modi'in-Maccabim-Re'ut Modi'in-Maccabim-Re'ut (Hebrew: מוֹדִיעִין-מַכַּבִּים-רֵעוּת ) is an Israeli city located in central Israel, about 35 km southeast of Tel Aviv and 30 km west of Jerusalem, and is connected to those two cities via Highway 443. In 2016 the population was 90,013 .

neg: Canicattì Canicattì (] ; Sicilian: "Caniattì" ) is a town and "comune" (municipality) in the Province of Agrigento in the Italian region Sicily, located about 90 km southeast of Palermo and about 34 km east of Agrigento. In 2016, it had a population of 35,698.


query: Between 1971 and 1979, the band Morningside Drive played in what club, located in the town of Hempstead in Nassau County, New York, United States?

pos: Morningside Drive (band) Morningside Drive was one of the top disco bands of Long Island, New York and the tri-state area between 1971 and 1979, playing at such popular nightclubs as Copperfield's, The 1890s Club of Baldwin, and The Winner's Circle in Westbury. It was among several bands, including the ST-4 and The Trammps, to popularize the dance craze. Between 1975 and 1976 the band recorded and released their most popular songs, "Will You Love Me Tomorrow" and "The Sun Ain't Gonna Shine Anymore" (both covers). An album was recorded in 1977, but was never released.

pos: Baldwin, Nassau County, New York Baldwin is a hamlet and census-designated place (CDP) located in the town of Hempstead in Nassau County, New York, United States. The population was 24,033 at the 2010 census.

neg: Spit (nightclub) Spit (alternately known as Uncle Sam's) was a nightclub and music venue located at Hempstead Turnpike in Levittown, New York. The club opened in 1978 and closed in 1992. Some well-known bands performed at the club including Madonna, Blue Öyster Cult and Duran Duran. Some performances were broadcast on WLIR radio. The building was set fire in 1994 by the owners in attempt to collect insurance. They were charged and convicted of arson.

neg: Flushing Airport Flushing Airport is a decommissioned airfield in northern Queens in New York City. It is located in the neighborhood of College Point, near Flushing. The airfield was in operation from 1927 to 1984.

neg: Beach Channel Drive Beach Channel Drive is the main thoroughfare of the Rockaway Peninsula in the New York City borough of Queens. It extends from the Nassau County border at Inwood westward, to the Marine Parkway–Gil Hodges Memorial Bridge at the end of Jacob Riis Park. From Hammels westward, it follows along Jamaica Bay on the northern side of the peninsula.

neg: Tobay Beach Tobay Beach is a restricted access recreational beach located in the middle of Jones Beach Island, a barrier island off the South Shore of Long Island, New York in Nassau County, New York within the Massapequa 11758 Zipcode. Its name is an acronym for the Town of Oyster Bay, which owns and manages the beach. Residents of the town are allowed entry, with limited access for non-residents.

neg: Bayside, Queens Bayside is a neighborhood in the New York City borough of Queens. The neighborhood is in the eastern section of Flushing and is part of Queens Community Board 11. CNN Money ranked Bayside as one of the most expensive housing markets nationally when analyzing comparable detached homes throughout the United States. Despite its large housing stock of free-standing homes, it nationally ranks high to very high in population density. These homes give the neighborhood a similar feel to other wealthy Queens neighborhoods such as Douglaston, Whitestone and Little Neck.

neg: Malverne, New York Malverne is a village in the town of Hempstead in Nassau County, New York, United States. The population was 8,514 at the 2010 census.

neg: Brookhaven, New York The Town of Brookhaven is the most populous of the ten towns of Suffolk County, New York, United States. Part of the New York metropolitan area, it is located approximately 50 miles from Manhattan. It is the only town in the county that stretches from the North Shore to the South Shore of Long Island. It is the largest of New York State's 932 towns (by area with water), and the second most populous, exceeded only by the Town of Hempstead.

neg: Eisenhower Park Eisenhower Park, formerly known as Salisbury Park, is centrally located in East Meadow, New York bordered by Hempstead Turnpike on the south and Old Country Road on the north. At 930 acre , it is larger than Central Park (in Manhattan, New York City), with much of the area devoted to three 18-hole golf courses, including the Red Course, host to the annual Commerce Bank Championship (Champions Tour). The park is home to the September 11th Memorial for residents of Nassau County.

neg: West Hempstead (LIRR station) West Hempstead is the terminal station at the east end of the Long Island Rail Road's West Hempstead Branch serving West Hempstead, New York, United States. It is located at Hempstead Avenue and Hempstead Gardens Drive.

neg: Rochdale Village, Queens Rochdale Village (pronounced ) is a Housing foundation/ Co-op and neighborhood in the southeastern corner of the New York City borough of Queens. Located in Community Board 12, Rochdale Village is grouped as part of Greater Jamaica, corresponding to the former Town of Jamaica. It is adjacent to four other Queens neighborhoods: St. Albans to the east, South Jamaica to the west, Locust Manor to the north, and Springfield Gardens to the south across the Belt Parkway. Rochdale is about 2 mi off the Queens/Nassau border and about 1 mi north of the John F. Kennedy International Airport.

neg: Massapequa Park, New York Massapequa Park is a village and hamlet located within the town of Oyster Bay in Nassau County, New York, United States. Areas south and east of the village borders are considered the hamlet of Massapequa Park because they are under the jurisdiction of the Town of Oyster Bay rather than the village. The hamlet shares the same zip code, fire department and school district as the village. The population was 17,008 at the 2010 census.

neg: Club Passim Club Passim is an American folk music club in the Harvard Square area of Cambridge, Massachusetts. It was opened by Joyce Kalina (now Chopra) and Paula Kelley in 1958, when it was known as Club 47 (based on its then address, 47 Mount Auburn Street, also in Cambridge; it moved to its present location on Palmer Street in 1963), and changed its name to simply Passim in 1969. "Passim" in the name is pronounced with the accent on the second syllable and as if that were "seem"; it derives from "passim" (usually pronounced differently), commonly found in footnotes. It adopted the present name in 1994; a combination of the earlier two names. At its inception, it was mainly a jazz and blues club, but soon branched out to include ethnic folk, then singer-songwriter folk.

neg: Hempstead Village Police Department Hempstead Village Police Department is the primary law enforcement agency for the incorporated Village of Hempstead in the Town of Hempstead on Long Island. Established in 1875 it currently has approximately 119 sworn police officers.

neg: Go to Nassau Go to Nassau is a two-CD live album by the rock group the Grateful Dead. It was recorded on May 15 and 16, 1980, at Nassau Coliseum in Uniondale, New York. The album, released in 2002, presents half of the songs played on the final two nights of a three-day run at the venue. It is sequenced to represent a prototypical single Dead concert, similarly to "Without a Net". The shows were recorded for the King Biscuit Flower Hour and selections were originally broadcast on FM radio stations, on June 22, 1980. The album's title is a syllepsis, referring figuratively to the band's then-current album, "Go to Heaven" (from which six songs are represented), and literally to the band going to Nassau County to perform.

neg: WHPC WHPC is the radio station of Nassau Community College in Garden City, New York. WHPC began broadcasting on October 27, 1972. The first song played was "Listen to the Music" by The Doobie Brothers. The station broadcasts on 90.3 MHz, HD1, and streams online via their website, iHeartRadio, and TuneIn. Its flagship shows are The Nassau Mix and The Nassau Morning Madhouse. Some of its other popular shows are Motormouth Radio with Ray Guarino and Joe D., Everything and Anything with Steve Mangiaracina, Sinatra Serenade with Glenn DeMilt, Beatlesongs with Rob Leonard, Good Gold with Ed Newlands, The Unforgettables with Michael Anthony, Thunder Road Radio with Kim Tracy, The Party Mix with Stephanie Lombardo, The Rare Groove Sessions with DJ Soulero, The Sock Hop with Steve Dassa, Sports Talk with Chris Muldoon, KJ Brooks, and Marc Talky, The Home Stretch with Anthony Tartamella, Alex Pleitez, Andrew Zucker, and Eleanor Ciampi, and Beyond the Game with Jacob Valk, Brandon Johnson, Dominick Arbolino, and Eric Fischetti.

neg: Old Bethpage, New York Old Bethpage is a hamlet and census-designated place (CDP) located on Long Island in the Town of Oyster Bay, Nassau County, New York, USA. The population of the CDP was 5,523 at the 2010 census. It is served by the Old Bethpage Post Office, ZIP code 11804.

neg: Princeton Club of New York The Princeton Club of New York is a private club located in Midtown Manhattan, New York City, New York. Its membership is composed almost entirely of alumni and faculty of Princeton University, which is located 40 mi outside New York City in Princeton, New Jersey.

neg: South Hempstead, New York South Hempstead is a hamlet and census-designated place (CDP) in Nassau County, New York, United States. The population was 3,243 at the 2010 census.

neg: Harbor Hills, New York Harbor Hills is a hamlet and census-designated place (CDP) and a part of Great Neck in Nassau County, New York, United States. The population was 575 at the 2010 census.

neg: Morningside Gardens Morningside Gardens refers to a private housing cooperative called Morningside Heights Housing Corporation (MHHC) in the borough of Manhattan, New York City. It is composed of a parking garage and six apartment buildings of 21 stories each, for a total of about 980 apartments. MHHC rents space to the Children's Learning Center preschool and the Morningside Retirement and Health Service. The complex has many amenities for its cooperators including a playground, a fitness center, storage units, indoor play spaces for children and young adults, bike rooms, and a workshop including ceramics and woodworking.


query: Are Plott Hound and Dogue de Bordeaux considered large dog breeds?

pos: Plott Hound The Plott Hound is a large scent hound, originally bred for hunting boar.

pos: Dogue de Bordeaux The Dogue de Bordeaux, Bordeaux Mastiff, French Mastiff or Bordeauxdog is a large French Mastiff breed—and one of the most ancient French dog breeds. A typical brachycephalic molossoid type breed, the Bordeaux is a very powerful dog, with a very muscular body. This brawny breed has been put to work in many different capacities, from pulling carts and hauling heavy objects, to guarding flocks and, historically, the castles of the European elite.

neg: Bolonka Russian Tsvetnaya Bolonka (Russian: Болонка ), also known as the Bolonka Zwetna in Germany, is a rare toy breed of the Bichon type, developed in Moscow and Saint Petersburg, Russia from the ancestors of smaller dogs such as the Bichon, Toy Poodle, Shih Tzu, Pekingese and French Bolognese. They include the white version Franzuskaya Bolonka, which is a variation of the Italian Bolognese dog. "Franzuskaya" means French, "Zwetna" is the German term for "Tsvetnaya" and means multicolored, and "Bolonka" translates as "Bolognese" in a number of Slavic languages. The Bolonka has recently gained more fame by being the chosen breed of Prince William and Kate Middleton.

neg: Chien Français Blanc et Noir The Chien Français Blanc et Noir (FCI No.220) translated into English as the French White and Black Hound, is a breed of dog of the scenthound type, originating in France. The breed is used for hunting in packs and descends from the old Hound of Saintonge type of large hunting dog.

neg: Borzoi The Borzoi ( , literally "fast"), also called the Russian wolfhound (Russian: Ру́сская псовая борзая ), is a breed of domestic dog ("Canis lupus familiaris"). Descended from dogs brought to Russia from central Asian countries, it is similar in shape to a greyhound, and is also a member of the sighthound family.

neg: Segugio Italiano The Segugio Italiano ] is an Italian breed of dog of the scenthound family. It comes in both short-haired and wire-haired varieties. It is thought to be an ancient breed, descended in pre-Roman eras from progenitor scenthounds in ancient Egypt. In 2009 ENCI (the Italian Kennel Club) registered 4,500 specimens of the short-haired variety and 1,740 wire-haired specimens, making this one of the top ten breeds in Italy.

neg: Bull Dog (horse) Bull Dog (1927–1954) was a French Thoroughbred racehorse who became a North American Champion sire and Champion broodmare sire.

neg: Smooth Fox Terrier The Smooth Fox Terrier is a breed of dog, one of many terrier breeds. It was the first breed in the fox terrier family to be given official recognition by The Kennel Club (circa 1875; breed standard 1876). It is well known, and although not a widely popular breed today outside of hunting and show circles, it is extremely significant due to the large number of terriers believed descended from it.

neg: Romanian Mioritic Shepherd Dog The Romanian Mioritic Shepherd Dog is a large breed of livestock guardian dog that originated in the Carpathian Mountains of Romania.

neg: Drever The Drever is a breed of dog, a short-legged scenthound from Sweden used for hunting deer and other game. The Drever is descended from the Westphalian Dachsbracke, a type of German hound called "Bracke". The breed name Drever was chosen through a contest in 1947.

neg: Charmoise The Charmoise is a domesticated breed of sheep originating in France. The breed was developed in the middle 19th century in the center of France (Loir et Cher) by crossing imported Romney sheep from United Kingdom to ewes from local breeds (Merino, Berrichon,Solognot) . The Charmoise is a meat breed. The population of this breed decreased from over 122,000 in 1993 to over 21,000 in 2001.

neg: Irish Wolfhound The Irish Wolfhound (Irish: "Cú Faoil" , ] ) is a breed of domestic dog ("Canis lupus familiaris"), specifically a very large sighthound from Ireland. The name originates from its purposewolf hunting with dogsrather than from its appearance. Originally developed from war hounds to one used for hunting and guarding, Irish Wolfhounds can be an imposing sight due to their formidable size.

neg: Barghest In Northern English folklore, the Barghest or Barguest is a mythical monstrous black dog with large teeth and claws, though in other cases the name can refer to a ghost or household elf, especially in Northumberland and Durham, such as the Cauld Lad of Hylton.

neg: Chien Français Blanc et Orange The Chien Français Blanc et Orange (FCI No.316) is a breed of dog of the scenthound type, originating in France. The breed is used for hunting in packs and descends from the old Hound of Saintonge type of large hunting dog.

neg: Cane Corso The Cane Corso (pronounced kah-nay kor-so ] ) from Italian "cane" (dog) and "corso"from the Latin "Cohors" meaning "Protector", also known as the Italian Mastiff, is a large Italian breed of dog, for years valued highly in Italy as a companion, guard dog, and hunter.

neg: Hound A hound is a type of dog used by hunters to track or chase prey.

neg: Cavalier King Charles Spaniel The Cavalier King Charles Spaniel is a small spaniel classed as a toy dog by The Kennel Club and the American Kennel Club. It originated in the United Kingdom and is one of the more popular breeds in many countries. Since 2000, it has grown in popularity in the United States and ranks as the 18th most popular pure-breed in the United States (2013 Registration Statistics). It has a silky, smooth coat and commonly a smooth undocked tail. The breed standard recognizes four colours: Blenheim (chestnut and white), Tricolor (black/white/tan), Black and Tan, and Ruby. The breed is generally friendly, affectionate and good with both children and other animals; however, they require a lot of human interaction. Since they are a family dog, it is recommended to not leave them alone for long periods at a time. The expected average lifespan of a Cavalier King Charles Spaniel is under ten years.

neg: FCI Sighthound Group The Sighthound Group is a designation used only by the Fédération Cynologique Internationale for a group of dog breeds consisting entirely of Sighthounds.

neg: Griffon Griffon is a type of dog - a collection of breeds that were originally hunting dogs. There are three lines of the griffon type recognized by the Fédération Cynologique Internationale (FCI): the griffon vendéens, the wirehaired pointers, and the "smousje" (Belgian companion dogs or Dutch Smoushond). The griffon type is characterized by rough or wire-hair.

neg: Weimaraner The Weimaraner ( ) is a large dog that was originally bred for hunting in the early 19th century. Early Weimaraners were used by royalty for hunting large game such as boar, bear, and deer. As the popularity of large game hunting began to decline, Weimaraners were used for hunting smaller animals like fowl, rabbits, and foxes.

neg: Schweizer Laufhund The Schweizer Laufhund is a breed of hound dog, originally from Switzerland.

neg: Ariege Pointer The Braque de l’Ariège, translated into English as the Ariege Pointing Dog or Ariege Pointer, is a breed of dog, a French hunting dog of pointing gun dog type. The breed is kept primarily as a hunting dog, not as a pet or showdog.


query: In the 2013 Citi Open – Women's Doubles, Aoyama successfully defended the title alongside Vera Dushevina, defeating Eugenie Bouchard and Taylor Townsend in the final, Bouchard is a Canadian professional tennis player, and became the first Canadian-born player representing Canada to reach the finals of a Grand Slam in singles, finishing runner-up to who?

pos: 2013 Citi Open – Women's Doubles Shuko Aoyama and Chang Kai-chen were the defending champions but Chang chose not to participate. Aoyama successfully defended the title alongside Vera Dushevina, defeating Eugenie Bouchard and Taylor Townsend in the final, 6–3, 6–3.

pos: Eugenie Bouchard Eugenie "Genie" Bouchard (born February 25, 1994) is a Canadian professional tennis player. At the 2014 Wimbledon Championships, Bouchard became the first Canadian-born player representing Canada to reach the finals of a Grand Slam in singles, finishing runner-up to Petra Kvitová. She also reached the semifinals of the 2014 Australian Open and 2014 French Open, and won the 2012 Wimbledon girls' title. Following the end of the 2013 WTA Tour, she was named WTA Newcomer of the Year. The next year, Bouchard received the WTA Most Improved Player award for the 2014 season.

neg: 2015 Odlum Brown Vancouver Open – Women's Doubles Asia Muhammad and Maria Sanchez were the defending champions, but Muhammad chose not to participate. Sanchez partnered Johanna Konta and successfully defended her title, defeating Raluca Olaru and Anna Tatishvili in the final, 7–6, 6–4.

neg: 2005 Pacific Life Open – Women's Doubles The Women's Doubles Tournament at the 2005 Pacific Life Open took place between March 7 and March 20 on the outdoor hard courts of the Indian Wells Tennis Garden in Indian Wells, California, United States. Virginia Ruano Pascual and Paola Suárez won the title, defeating Nadia Petrova and Meghann Shaughnessy in the final.

neg: Bethanie Mattek-Sands Bethanie Lynn Mattek-Sands (née Mattek; born March 23, 1985) is a U.S. professional tennis player who is presently ranked No. 2 in the women's doubles rankings. Mattek-Sands is an Olympic Gold Medalist in mixed doubles, has won five Grand Slam titles in women's doubles and two in mixed doubles. She lives in Phoenix, Arizona.

neg: 1987 Player's Canadian Open The 1987 Player's International Canadian Open was a tennis tournament played on outdoor hard courts. The men's tournament was held at the du Maurier Stadium in Montreal, Quebec, in Canada and was part of the 1987 Nabisco Grand Prix while the women's tournament was held at the National Tennis Centre in Toronto, Ontario, and was part of the 1987 Virginia Slims World Championship Series. The men's tournament was held from August 10 through August 16, 1987, while the women's tournament was held from August 17 through August 23, 1987.

neg: 2013 French Open – Women's Legends Doubles Lindsay Davenport and Martina Hingis successfully defended their title by defeating Elena Dementieva and Martina Navratilova 6–4, 6–2 in the final.

neg: 2013 Tevlin Women's Challenger – Singles Eugenie Bouchard was the defending champion, having won the event in 2012, but decided not to participate in 2013.

neg: 1986 French Open – Women's Singles Chris Evert-Lloyd defeated Martina Navratilova 2–6, 6–3, 6–3 in the final to win the Women's Singles tennis title at the 1986 French Open. This would be Evert's 18th and final Grand Slam singles championship, and her 7th French Open Championship, which is the women's Open Era record. With this win Evert won a Grand Slam Title every year for 13 consecutive years, an Open Era record.

neg: 2013 President's Cup (tennis) – Women's Singles Maria João Koehler failed to defend her title from 2012, losing to Ukrainian Nadiya Kichenok in the final, 6–4, 7–5.

neg: 2014 Odlum Brown Vancouver Open The 2014 Odlum Brown Vancouver Open was a professional tennis tournament played on outdoor hard courts. It was the 10th edition, for men, and 13th edition, for women, of the tournament and part of the 2014 ATP Challenger Tour and the 2014 ITF Women's Circuit, offering totals of $100,000, for men, and $100,000, for women, in prize money. It took place in Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada between July 28 to August 3, 2014.

neg: 2003 WTA Tour Championships The 2003 WTA Tour Championships, also known by its sponsored name Bank of America WTA Tour Championships Presented by Porsche, was a women's tennis tournament played on indoor hard courts at the Staples Center in Los Angeles, United States. It was the 33rd edition of the year-end singles championships, the 28th edition of the year-end doubles championships, and was part of the 2003 WTA Tour. The tournament was held between November 4 and November 10, 2003. First-seeded Kim Clijsters won the singles event and earned $1,000,030 first-prize money as well as 485 ranking points. With her victory Clijsters became the first female tennis player to earn $US4 million in a season. For the first time since 1978 a round robin system was used, after the men's Tennis Masters Cup. Two groups of four players were formed and each contender had to play three matches. Also, for singles, instead of the top sixteen players qualifying, only top eight qualified for the WTA Tour Championships. For doubles, the top four pairs (previously top eight) pairs qualified for the WTA Tour Championships, but still continued with the single elimination format.

neg: 2012 Open GDF Suez de Biarritz The 2012 Open GDF Suez de Biarritz was a professional tennis tournament played on outdoor clay courts. It was the 10th edition of the tournament and was part of the 2012 ITF Women's Circuit. It took place in Biarritz, France between 9 and 15 July 2012. The singles championship was won by Romina Oprandi and the doubles championship was won by Severine Beltrame and Laura Thorpe.

neg: 2014 Marin Čilić tennis season The 2014 Marin Čilić tennis season began at the Chennai Open, where he won the title for the third time in his career. This was followed by an unsuccessful defense of his title at the Australian Open, where he lost in the semi-finals to eventual champion Novak Djokovic in five sets. A few months later, after a relatively unsuccessful clay season until then, Stan has won his second major title at the French Open, defeating Roger Federer and Novak Djokovic in the process.

neg: Kateryna Bondarenko Kateryna Volodymyrivna Bondarenko (Ukrainian: Катерина Володимирівна Бондаренко , born 8 August 1986) is a professional tennis player from Ukraine and a Doubles Champion at the 2008 Australian Open.

neg: 2006 Australian Open – Mixed Doubles Wildcard team Martina Hingis and Mahesh Bhupathi defeated sixth-seeded Elena Likhovtseva and Daniel Nestor 6–3, 6–3 to win the Mixed Doubles title at the 2006 Australian Open tennis tournament.

neg: 1999 Australian Open – Women's Singles The 1999 Australian Open – Women's Singles was the women's singles event of the eighty-seventh edition of the Australian Open, the first Grand Slam of the year and the most prestigious tournament in the Asia-Pacific and the Southern Hemisphere. Martina Hingis was the two-time defending champion, and she successfully defended her title by defeating unseeded Amélie Mauresmo, 6–2, 6–3, in the final. With this win, she joined Margaret Court, Evonne Goolagong, Steffi Graf and Monica Seles as the only women to have won three consecutive Australian Open titles. Hingis also became the only woman to have won three consecutive Australian Open titles in singles and doubles simultaneously.

neg: 2013 Toray Pan Pacific Open The 2013 Toray Pan Pacific Open was a women's tennis tournament played on outdoor hard courts. It was the 30th edition of the Toray Pan Pacific Open, and part of the Premier Series of the 2013 WTA Tour. It took place at the Ariake Coliseum in Tokyo, Japan, from September 22 through 28, 2013. Petra Kvitová won the singles title.

neg: 2010 Wimbledon Championships – Women's Singles The Women's Singles event at the 2010 Wimbledon Championships saw defending champion and top seed Serena Williams successfully defend her title with a 6–3, 6–2 win over Vera Zvonareva in the final, whilst failing to lose a set throughout the entire tournament. The victory meant that Serena and her sister Venus had won nine of the last eleven Wimbledon titles between them, with only 2004 and 2006 going to another player.

neg: 2013 Dunlop World Challenge The 2013 Dunlop World Challenge was a professional tennis tournament played on indoor carpet courts. It was the sixth edition of the tournament which was part of the 2013 ITF Women's Circuit and the 2013 ATP Challenger Tour. It took place in Toyota, Aichi, Japan, on 18–24 November 2013.

neg: 2016 French Open – Women's Singles Serena Williams was the defending champion, but lost in the final to Garbiñe Muguruza, 5–7, 4–6. Williams was attempting, for the third time, to equal Steffi Graf's Open Era record of 22 major singles titles. She was also attempting to become only the second player, after Steffi Graf, to complete a quadruple Career Grand Slam.

neg: Ekaterina Makarova Ekaterina Valeryevna Makarova (Russian: Екатери́на Вале́рьевна Мака́рова ; ] ; born on 7 June 1988) is a Russian professional tennis player. She achieved her career-high ranking of number 8 on 6 April 2015. Her best Grand Slam singles results have come at the 2014 US Open and the 2015 Australian Open where she reached the semifinals on both occasions. Makarova is a four-time Grand Slam champion in doubles competition, having won the 2012 US Open mixed doubles tournament with Bruno Soares, and the 2013 French Open, the 2014 US Open and 2017 Wimbledon Championships with Elena Vesnina.