query: The Bridger Trail, also known as the Bridger Road and Bridger Immigrant Road, was an overland route connecting the Oregon Trail to the gold fields of Montana, Gold was discovered in Virginia City, in 1863, Virginia City is a town in, and the county seat of which county in Montana, United States?

pos: Bridger Trail The Bridger Trail, also known as the Bridger Road and Bridger Immigrant Road, was an overland route connecting the Oregon Trail to the gold fields of Montana. Gold was discovered in Virginia City, Montana in 1863, prompting settlers and prospectors to find a trail to travel from central Wyoming to Montana. In 1863, John Bozeman and John Jacobs scouted the Bozeman Trail, which was a direct route to the Montana gold fields through the Powder River Country. At the time the region was controlled by the Sioux, Cheyenne and Arapaho, who stepped up their raids in response to the stream of settlers along the trail.

pos: Virginia City, Montana Virginia City is a town in and the county seat of Madison County, Montana, United States. In 1961 the town and the surrounding area were designated a National Historic Landmark District, the Virginia City Historic District. The population was 190 at the 2010 census.

neg: Montaña de Oro State Park Montaña de Oro ("Mountain of Gold" in Spanish) is a state park in California, United States. The park is located six miles southwest of Morro Bay and 2 miles south of Los Osos. The name "Mountain of Gold" comes from the golden wildflowers found in the park.

neg: Wallace, Idaho Wallace is a small historic city in the Panhandle region of the U.S. state of Idaho and the county seat of Shoshone County in the Silver Valley mining district. Founded in 1884, Wallace sits alongside the South Fork of the Coeur d'Alene River (and Interstate 90), approximately 2728 ft above sea level. The town's population was 784 at the 2010 census.

neg: Bridger Range The Bridger Range, also known as the Bridger Mountains, is a subrange of the Rocky Mountains in southwestern Montana in the United States. The range runs mostly in a north–south direction between Bozeman and Maudlow. It is separated from the Gallatin Range to the south by Bozeman Pass; from the Horseshoe Hills to the west by Dry Creek; from the Crazy Mountains to the east by the Shields River valley; and from the Big Belt Mountains to the north by Sixteen Mile Creek. The highest point in the Bridger Range is Sacagawea Peak (9596 ft ), which is visible to the northeast from Bozeman.

neg: Virginia, Minnesota Virginia is a city in Saint Louis County, Minnesota, United States, on the Mesabi Iron Range. The population was 8,712 at the 2010 census. According to a water tower in the middle of town, the city's nickname is the "Queen City", or "Queen City of the North".

neg: Indian Trail, North Carolina Indian Trail is a suburban town in Union County, North Carolina, United States. Founded on March 12, 1861, the town holds a history of traders traveling along the "Indian Trail," which ran from Petersburg, Virginia, to the Waxhaw Indians, and gold mining. Indian Trail was first a farming community; however, German and Scot-Irish settlers began to move into the area due to its geographical location. In 1874, the Seaboard Coast Line Railroad was built between the cities Charlotte, North Carolina and Monroe, North Carolina. The railroad, which runs through the town, brought prosperity to the area. Indian Trail was incorporated as a town in 1907, with established city limits based upon a one-half mile radius from the intersection of Indian Trail Road and the Seaboard Railroad. Indian Trail has grown rapidly in the 21st Century: a 2011 CNN article stated that Indian Trail's census count jumped from 1,942 in 1990 to 33,518 in 2010. Every Fourth of July the town holds an annual parade which is one of the biggest parades in the Charlotte metropolitan area.

neg: U.S. Route 50 in Virginia U.S. Route 50 (US 50) is a transcontinental highway which stretches from Ocean City, Maryland to West Sacramento, California. In the U.S. state of Virginia, US 50 extends 86 mi from the border with Washington DC at a Potomac River crossing at Rosslyn in Arlington County to the West Virginia state line near Gore in Frederick County.

neg: Salina, Colorado Salina is a former mining town in Boulder County, Colorado, United States approximately 7 mi west of Boulder. Established in 1874, after Colorado's first gold discovery in 1859, Salina was founded by miners who migrated to Boulder from Salina, Kansas. It is located at the junction of Four Mile Canyon and Gold Run roads. The mining camp was originally accessible only by horseback or wagons pulled by mules but later became part of Colorado's Switzerland Trail when the Greeley, Salt Lake, & Pacific narrow gauge railroad was built in the early 1880s. Today, most of Salina's original structures still stand, including the one-room schoolhouse, Salina School, and church, the Little Church in the Pines, despite the state's worst wildfire in 2010 and historic flooding during the 2013 Colorado floods.

neg: Merrimack Trail Merrimack Trail is the local name for State Route 143 as it passes through portions of York County and James City County and the independent city of Williamsburg in the Virginia Peninsula subregion of Hampton Roads in Virginia.

neg: Malden Inn The 1820s Malden Inn (also sometimes as "The Kreppsville Inn") and John Krepps Tavern is a historic building in the unincorporated bedroom community of Malden, Pennsylvania at the junction of South Malden Road and Old U.S. Route 40 (US40), the historic Cumberland Pike. The Inn's Malden location (present-day borough of Centerville, PA) along the western part of the Amerindian trail known as Nemacolin's Path transformed into a wagon road linking the river ford between Brownsville–West Brownsville with the former frontier towns of Washington, Pennsylvania and Wheeling, West Virginia, where the Emigrant Trail then allowed an easy crossing the Ohio River. The Inn had a good commercial site astride the old National Pike (U.S. Route 40 before the 1960s highway construction project) about three miles west of the long climb up from West Brownsville and Denbo Heights, PA being located at the former junction of Malden Road connecting northwards to Coal Center and California situated about half-the-way to Centerville from the Brownsville ford and the ferry terminus below Blainsburg just North-northeast of West Brownsville.

neg: Bradshaw's Ferry Bradshaw's Ferry was a ferry at the crossing point on the Colorado River, of the Bradshaw Trail at Olive City and later at Mineral City and Ehrenburg, between what was then San Diego County, California and Arizona County, New Mexico Territory. The ferry connected the Bradshaw Trail to the road to the gold placers of La Paz, the first big strike of the Colorado River Gold Rush. From 1863, the La Paz - Wikenburg Road connected the Bradshaw Trail to the new mining boom town settlements in the interior of Arizona Territory.

neg: Gold Butte, Nevada Gold Butte is the name of a ghost town and nearby mountain peak in Clark County, Nevada. Both are protected as part of the Gold Butte National Monument, managed by the Bureau of Land Management. Gold Butte, the mountain, is 5013 ft high and rises 1280 ft above the town of Gold Butte. This peak lies within the Virgin Mountains and its name apparently refers to the Gold Butte Mining District.

neg: Townsend, Montana Townsend is a city in and the county seat of Broadwater County, Montana, United States. The population was 1,878 at the 2010 census.

neg: Zion Crossroads, Virginia Zion Crossroads is an unincorporated community in Louisa and Fluvanna counties, Virginia, at the intersections of James Madison Highway (U.S. Route 15) and Three Notch Road (U.S. Route 250) and Interstate 64 in Virginia.

neg: Wagoner, West Virginia Wagoner is an unincorporated community in Mineral County, West Virginia. Wagoner lies along the North Branch Potomac River at Round Bottom Hollow between the communities of Dans Run and Green Spring. Wagoner is located at the northern terminus of West Virginia Secondary Route 15/2.

neg: Nevada City, Nevada Nevada City is a ghost town in Churchill County, Nevada, United States, located just east of Fallon, Nevada near the current intersection of State Route 116 and U.S. Highway 50. It was founded in 1916 as a socialist community known as the Nevada Cooperative Colony, but due to misleading advertising, mismanagement, and possibly dubious financial dealings by the Nevada Colony Corporation's directors, who were connected with the similar Llano del Rio colony near Los Angeles, the project folded in 1919. Another contributing factor to its demise was the unpopularity of its anti-war position during World War I, which led to bloodshed when Churchill County Sheriff Mark Wildes attempted to arrest colonist Paul Walters as a draft evader. By 1919 most of the families had moved away and the colony fell into receivership.

neg: Helena–West Helena, Arkansas Helena–West Helena is the county seat of and the largest city within Phillips County, Arkansas, United States. The current city was consolidated, effective January 1, 2006, from the two Arkansas cities of Helena and West Helena. Helena is sited on lowlands between the Mississippi River and the eastern side of Crowley's Ridge. West Helena is located on the western side of Crowley's Ridge, a geographic anomaly in the typically flat Arkansas Delta. The Helena Bridge, one of Arkansas' four Mississippi River bridges, carries U.S. Route 49 across to Mississippi. The combined population of the two cities was 15,012 at the 2000 census and at the 2010 census, the official population was 12,282.

neg: Council Bluffs, Iowa Council Bluffs is a city in and the county seat of Pottawattamie County, Iowa, United States. The city is the most populous Omaha suburb and a principal city in the Omaha-Council Bluffs metropolitan area. It is located on the east bank of the Missouri River, across from Omaha, Nebraska. Council Bluffs was known, until at least 1853, as Kanesville. It was the historic starting point of the Mormon Trail. Kanesville is also the northernmost anchor town of the other emigrant trails, since there was a steam powered boat to ferry their wagons, and cattle, across the Missouri River.

neg: Helena Valley West Central, Montana Helena Valley West Central is a census-designated place (CDP) in Lewis and Clark County, Montana, United States. The population was 7,883 at the 2010 census. It is part of the Helena Micropolitan Statistical Area.

neg: John Day, Oregon John Day is a city located about 2 mi north of Canyon City in Grant County, Oregon, at the intersection of U.S. Routes 26 and 395. The city was named for the nearby John Day River, which had been named for a Virginian member of the 1811 Astor Expedition, John Day. The city was incorporated in 1901.

neg: Gold Hill (Nevada County, California) Gold Hill, in Grass Valley, California, was the site of one of the first discoveries of quartz gold in California. While quartz gold was also found in other areas of Nevada County, California during the same time, it is this find near Wolf Creek that led to quartz-mining frenzy and subsequent creation of the Gold Country quartz-mining industry. The location is honored as a California Historical Landmark.


query: The 2004 Porsche Carrera Cup Great Britain used what cars that had Porsche 996 internal designation?

pos: 2004 Porsche Carrera Cup Great Britain The 2004 Porsche Carrera Cup Great Britain was a multi-event, one make motor racing championship held across England, Scotland and Ireland. The championship featured a mix of professional motor racing teams and privately funded drivers, competing in Porsche 911 GT3 cars that conform to the technical regulations for the championship. It forms part of the extensive program of support categories built up around the BTCC centrepiece.

pos: Porsche 996 The Porsche 996 is the internal designation for the Porsche 911 model manufactured with first model year 1998 and last 2004. It was replaced by the Type 997 in model year 2005.

neg: Porsche Carrera Carrera (Spanish for "race" and "career") is a brand of Porsche automobile. The name commemorates the company's success in the Carrera Panamericana race.

neg: Porsche LMP2000 The Porsche LMP2000 (also known as the Porsche 9R3) was a Le Mans Prototype racing car that was developed between 1998 and 2000, but never raced. One car was built, and it was designed around a modified version of Porsche's 3.5-litre V10 engine that was originally designed for Formula 1 in 1992. The project was cancelled before the car was built, leading to various rumours about the reason for its demise.

neg: Maserati Tipo 61 The Maserati Tipo 61 (commonly referred to as the Maserati Birdcage) is a sports racing car of the early 1960s. The car was produced between 1959 and 1961 by Maserati for racing in sports car events including the 24 Hours of Le Mans endurance classic. It used an intricate tubular space frame chassis, containing about 200 chro-moly steel tubes welded together, hence the nickname "Birdcage". This method of construction provided a more rigid and, at the same time, lighter chassis than other sports cars of the time.

neg: Ferrari 360 The Ferrari 360 is a two-seater sports car built by Ferrari from 1999 to 2005. It succeeded the Ferrari F355 and was replaced by the Ferrari F430. It is a mid-engined, rear wheel drive V8-powered coupe.

neg: 2004 Australian Carrera Cup Championship The 2004 Australian Carrera Cup Championship was a CAMS sanctioned motor racing competition open to Porsche 911 GT3 Cup cars. The championship, which was the second Australian Carrera Cup Championship, was contested over a nine round series and was administered by CupCar Australia Pty Ltd. Alex Davison won the title from Jim Richards and Fabian Coulthard.

neg: FPV F6 The FPV F6 is an automobile that was produced in Australia by Ford Performance Vehicles from 2004 until 2014. It is a high-performance derivative of the Australian Ford Falcon.

neg: Aston Martin DBRS9 The Aston Martin DBRS9 is a racing car built by Aston Martin Racing to be a cheaper alternative to the Aston Martin DBR9, both of which are based on the Aston Martin DB9. The DBRS9 was introduced in 2005 and has since been replaced with the Aston Martin V12 Vantage GT3.

neg: Ferrari F355 The Ferrari F355 (Type F129) is a sports car built by Ferrari from May 1994 to 1999. It is an evolution of the Ferrari 348 and was replaced by the Ferrari 360. It is a mid-engined, rear wheel drive, V8-powered two-seat coupe, targa, or convertible. Design emphasis for the F355 was placed on significantly improved performance, as well as drivability across a wider range of speeds and in different environments (such as low-speed city traffic.)

neg: Tyrrell 006 The Tyrrell 006 was a Formula One car designed and built by the Tyrrell Racing Organisation. It was introduced towards the end of . In the hands of Jackie Stewart it won the Drivers' Championship for the Formula One season, Stewart's third and final title. The car was first raced at the 1972 Canadian Grand Prix with Stewart's team-mate and protégé François Cevert at the wheel. The 006 was a very slightly reworked version of the preceding Tyrrell 005 car, but in contrast it was the first Tyrrell-built chassis to be replicated, the number 006 becoming a model- rather than chassis-number; previous Tyrrells were one-off constructions. In total there were three Tyrrell 006 models built: 006; 006/2; and 006/3. The 006 model was gradually phased out in the early part of the 1974 Formula One season as Tyrrell constructed the succeeding Tyrrell 007.

neg: Marcos TSO The Marcos TSO is a sports car manufactured between 2004 and 2007 by Marcos. It features a Chevrolet V8 engine in either 350 bhp or 400 bhp versions. The car's components were CAD designed in England, while chassis engineering has been done by Prodrive.

neg: Porsche 928 The Porsche 928 is a luxurious grand tourer produced by Porsche AG of Germany from 1978 to 1995. Originally intended to replace the company's well-known and famed 911, the 928 combined the power, poise, and handling of a sports car with the refinement, comfort, and equipment of a luxurious saloon to create what some Porsche executives thought would be a vehicle with wider appeal than the compact, quirky and sometimes difficult 911.

neg: VR6 engine Volkswagen's VR6 engines, and the later VR5 variants, are a family of internal combustion engines, characterised by a narrow-angle (10.5° or 15°) V engine configuration. Developed by the manufacturer in the late 1980s, evolutions of these engines are still produced by them.

neg: Total 911 Total 911 is an international magazine devoted to the Porsche 911 sports car, from 1963 to the present day. It is published monthly in the UK by Imagine Publishing and currently edited by Lee Sibley.

neg: 1999 Italian Grand Prix The 1999 Italian Grand Prix (formally the LXX Gran Premio Campari d'Italia) was a Formula One motor race held on 12 September 1999 at the Autodromo Nazionale Monza near Monza, Italy. The race, contested over 53 laps, was the thirteenth race of the 1999 Formula One season and was won by Heinz-Harald Frentzen, driving a Jordan-Mugen-Honda, after McLaren's Mika Häkkinen, seeking to defend his Drivers' Championship title, spun off while leading comfortably. Ralf Schumacher was second in a Williams-Supertec, with Mika Salo third in a Ferrari.

neg: BMW Z9 The BMW Z9 (or Z9 Gran Turismo, Z9 GT) is a four-seat coupe concept car, carbon-fiber skin over an aluminum space frame. It was introduced on September in 1999 at the Frankfurt Auto Show. During the 2000 Paris Auto Show a convertible variant of the Z9 was debuted. It was designed by Chris Bangle, who was promoted to Director of BMW Group Design. Much of the styling found on E63 6 series is derived from the Z9.

neg: Alfa Romeo 166 The Alfa Romeo 166 (Type 936) is an executive car produced by the Italian automaker Alfa Romeo, between October 1998 and June 2007. The car was designed by "Centro Stile Alfa Romeo", under the control of Walter de Silva, and was facelifted in September 2003.

neg: Centenari Mac3 The Centenari Mac3 was a Le Mans Prototype, originally built by Centenari in 1998 for the CN category of the International Sports Racing Series. It was updated in 2006, and the new version was renamed as the MG3. Both cars used the same naturally-aspirated 3.0 L Alfa Romeo V6 engine. The Mac3, in conjunction with the older M1 model, helped Centenari to take joint-second in the 1998 International Sports Racing Series CN Team's Championship.

neg: Porsche 114 The Porsche 114 was a 1938 proposed design for a sports car powered by a 1493 cc V10 engine.

neg: Chevrolet Corvette C6.R The Chevrolet Corvette C6.R is a grand tourer racing car built by Pratt & Miller and Chevrolet for competition in endurance racing. It is a replacement for the Corvette C5-R racing car, applying the body style of the new C6 generation Chevrolet Corvette as well as improvements to increase the speed and reliability on the track. Since its debut in 2005, it has continued on from the previous dominance of the C5-R in its racing class with multiple American Le Mans Series championships and race wins in the Le Mans Series, FIA GT Championship, and 24 Hours of Le Mans. There are two main versions of the Corvette C6.R: the GT1 version which has 590 HP, carbon ceramic brakes and aggressive aerodynamics, and the GT2 version which has 470 HP, iron brakes and relatively stock aerodynamics with respect to the road car. By 2012 the C6.R GT1 was retired from competition while the GT2 version continues to race around the world.

neg: Ford Focus RS WRC The Ford Focus RS WRC is a car built for the Ford World Rally Team by Ford Europe and M-Sport and based on the Ford Focus Climate 2-litre production hatchback, developed to compete in the World Rally Championship. The RS stands for "Rallye Sport" and the WRC for "World Rally Car", the car's FIA specification. The Focus RS WRC was in competition from 1999 to 2010, winning 44 world rallies and two manufacturers' world titles (2006 and 2007). It was replaced by the Ford Fiesta RS WRC.


query: James Fleet plays the character Tom in s 1994 romantic comedy fil directed by who?

pos: James Fleet James Edward Fleet (born 11 March 1954) is a British actor. He is most famous for his roles as the bumbling and well-meaning Tom in the 1994 British romantic comedy film "Four Weddings and a Funeral" and the dim-witted but kind Hugo Horton in the BBC sitcom television series "The Vicar of Dibley".

pos: Four Weddings and a Funeral Four Weddings and a Funeral is a 1994 British romantic comedy film directed by Mike Newell. It was the first of several films by screenwriter Richard Curtis to feature Hugh Grant, and follows the adventures of Charles (Grant) and his circle of friends through a number of social occasions as they each encounter romance. Andie MacDowell stars as Charles' love interest Carrie, with Kristin Scott Thomas, James Fleet, Simon Callow, John Hannah, Charlotte Coleman, David Bower, Corin Redgrave and Rowan Atkinson in supporting roles.

neg: Fever Pitch (1997 film) Fever Pitch is a 1997 film starring Colin Firth, based loosely on Nick Hornby's best-selling memoir, "Fever Pitch: A Fan's Life" (1992). Hornby also wrote the screenplay.

neg: The Marrying Man The Marrying Man (known as Too Hot to Handle in the United Kingdom and Australia) is an American 1991 romantic comedy film starring Alec Baldwin and Kim Basinger. The film was directed by Jerry Rees, and written by Neil Simon. The film opened to poor reviews and flopped at the box office, with Basinger's performance in the film earning her a Golden Raspberry Award nomination for Worst Actress, where she lost to Sean Young for "A Kiss Before Dying".

neg: Prince of Jutland Prince of Jutland, also known as Royal Deceit, is a 1994 drama adventure film co-written and directed by Gabriel Axel and starring Christian Bale, Gabriel Byrne and Helen Mirren. It is an adaptation of the Danish legend of prince Amleth, drawing upon the 12th century works of Saxo Grammaticus, which was also the inspiration for Shakespeare's "Hamlet".

neg: Frankie Starlight Frankie Starlight is a 1995 drama–romantic war film directed by Michael Lindsay-Hogg. The screenplay was written by Ronan O'Leary and Chet Raymo, based on the internationally best-selling novel "The Dork of Cork" by Raymo.

neg: Emmanuelle 7: The Meaning of Love Emmanuelle 7: The Meaning of Love is a 1994 television movie, which was the seventh episode from the erotic series "Emmanuelle in Space". It was directed by Brody Hooper, produced by Alain Siritzky, and written by Thomas McKelvey Cleaver, based on character by Emmanuelle Arsan.

neg: Bikinisesongen Bikinisesongen (Norwegian: "The bikini season" ) is a 1994 Norwegian comedy film directed by Runar Jarle Wiik, starring Thor-Ivar Forsland and Eduardo Verdu. The film features the friends Snorre (Verdu) and Leo (Forsland), two boys who dream of making quick money, without much success. The buy a truckload of bikinis and head for Western Norway to make sales, ignoring that it is already late autumn.

neg: White Cargo (1973 film) White Cargo (also known as "Albert's Follies") is a 1973 British comedy film starring David Jason and Imogen Hassall.

neg: L.A. Without a Map L.A. Without a Map is a 1998 romantic comedy-drama film directed by Mika Kaurismäki and written by Mika Kaurismäki and Richard Rayner, based on his novel. The film stars David Tennant, Vinessa Shaw, Julie Delpy, Vincent Gallo, Joe Dallesandro, and Johnny Depp. It is a French, British and Finnish production.

neg: Taking Care of Business (film) Taking Care of Business (released in the United Kingdom as Filofax) is an 1990 American comedy film starring James Belushi and Charles Grodin and directed by Arthur Hiller. It is named after the song of the same name by Randy Bachman, recorded by the Canadian rock group Bachman–Turner Overdrive (BTO).

neg: Against the Wall (1994 film) Against the Wall is a 1994 made-for-television drama film directed by John Frankenheimer, and starring Samuel L. Jackson and Kyle MacLachlan. The movie aired on HBO on March 26, 1994 and won an Emmy award for Outstanding Individual Achievement in Directing for a mini-series or a special.

neg: Hong Kong 97 (film) Hong Kong 97 is a 1994 film by Albert Pyun starring Robert Patrick, Brion James and Tim Thomerson. The story revolves around the transfer of sovereignty over Hong Kong from the United Kingdom to the People's Republic of China. An assassin kills several high-ranking Chinese officials and must get out of the country quickly before he himself is murdered.

neg: Treasure Hunt (1994 film) Treasure Hunt is a 1994 Hong Kong action comedy and romantic fantasy film written and directed by Jeffrey Lau and starring Chow Yun-fat and Jacklyn Wu.

neg: Radioland Murders Radioland Murders is a 1994 comedy mystery film directed by Mel Smith and co-written and produced by George Lucas. "Radioland Murders" is set in the 1939 atmosphere of old-time radio and pays homage to the screwball comedy films of the 1930s. The film tells the story of writer Roger Henderson trying to settle relationship issues with his wife while dealing with a whodunit murder mystery in a radio station. The film stars an ensemble cast, including Brian Benben, Mary Stuart Masterson, Scott Michael Campbell, Michael Lerner and Ned Beatty. "Radioland Murders" also features numerous small roles and cameo appearances, including Michael McKean, Bobcat Goldthwait, Jeffrey Tambor, Christopher Lloyd, George Burns (in his final film appearance), Billy Barty and Rosemary Clooney.

neg: Two Bits Two Bits is a 1995 American drama film directed by James Foley and starring Al Pacino, Mary Elizabeth Mastrantonio and Jerry Barone. It was written by Joseph Stefano, who considered the film a personal project, with a semi-biographical story. The title refers to the American slang term "two bits", for a quarter dollar.

neg: Breach of Conduct Breach of Conduct is a 1994 television film starring Peter Coyote and Courtney Thorne-Smith.

neg: A Fistful of Fingers A Fistful of Fingers is a 1995 British film written and directed by Edgar Wright. It opened at the Prince Charles Cinema on 24 November 1995, and debuted in the United States 20 years later at the Cinefamily in Los Angeles as a midnight movie. The film was never commercially available on home video in either country, although Wright said in 2015 that he hoped to "finally release it [...] with a commentary and everything".

neg: For Love or Money (1993 film) For Love or Money (also released as The Concierge) is a 1993 American romantic comedy film directed by Barry Sonnenfeld and starring Michael J. Fox and Gabrielle Anwar. It was not a commercial success domestically in North America, earning less than half its production budget before being withdrawn from theatres after just four weeks of release.

neg: Tom Fleming (actor) Thomas Kelman Fleming, CVO, OBE, FRSAMD (29 June 1927 – 18 April 2010) was a Scottish actor, director, and poet, and a television and radio commentator for the BBC.

neg: Legends of the Fall Legends of the Fall is a 1994 American epic drama film directed by Edward Zwick and starring Brad Pitt, Anthony Hopkins, Aidan Quinn, Julia Ormond and Henry Thomas. Based on the 1979 novella of the same title by Jim Harrison, the film is about three brothers and their father living in the wilderness and plains of Montana in the early 20th century and how their lives are affected by nature, history, war and love. The film's time frame spans from World War I through the Prohibition era, ending with a brief scene set in 1963. The film was nominated for three Academy Awards and won for Best Cinematography (John Toll). Both the film and book contain occasional Cornish language terms, the Ludlows being a Cornish emigrant family.

neg: French Dressing (1964 film) French Dressing is a 1964 British comedy film directed by Ken Russell, his first feature film, which stars James Booth, Roy Kinnear and Marisa Mell. Its plot concerns a deckchair attendant in the run-down seaside resort of Gormleigh-on-Sea who is promoted to publicity officer. In an effort to drum up interest in the town he organises a film festival and invites a major French film star. The event is soon thrown into chaos by the machinations of jealous mayors from rival towns.


query: The Pope often referred to as Saint John Paul the Great by some Catholics created who as cardinal in 1983?

pos: Jean-Marie Lustiger Aaron Jean-Marie Lustiger (] ; 17 September 1926 – 5 August 2007) was a French cardinal of the Roman Catholic Church. He was Archbishop of Paris from 1981 until his resignation in 2005. He was created cardinal in 1983 by Pope John Paul II. His life is depicted in the 2013 film "Le métis de Dieu" ("The Jewish Cardinal").

pos: Pope John Paul II Pope Saint John Paul II (Latin: "Ioannes Paulus II" ; Italian: "Giovanni Paolo II" ; Polish: "Jan Paweł II" ; born Karol Józef Wojtyła; ] ; 18 May 1920 – 2 April 2005) was head of the Catholic Church from 1978 to 2005. He is called Saint John Paul the Great by some Catholics.

neg: Soane Patita Paini Mafi Soane Patita Paini Cardinal Mafi (born 19 December 1961) is the fourth Roman Catholic Bishop of Tonga. At the age of 53, on 14 February 2015, he was appointed by Pope Francis as the first ever cardinal from Tonga and he became on that date the youngest member of the College of Cardinals with the title of cardinal priest assigned to the titular church of Santa Paola Romana.

neg: Paul Poupard Paul Joseph Jean Poupard (born 30 August 1930 in Bouzillé, Maine-et-Loire) is a French prelate of the Catholic Church who has been a Cardinal since 1985. He held positions in the Roman Curia for more than 25 years, serving as President of the Pontifical Council for Culture from 1988 to 2007 and briefly as President of the Pontifical Council for Interreligious Dialogue.

neg: Vicarius Filii Dei Vicarius Filii Dei (Latin: "Vicar" or "Representative of the Son of God") is a phrase first used in the forged medieval "Donation of Constantine" to refer to Saint Peter, a leader of the Early Christian Church and regarded as the first Pope by the Catholic Church. Its interpretation has been disputed, at times, during the past four centuries.

neg: Godfried Danneels Godfried Maria Jules Danneels (born 4 June 1933) is a Belgian cardinal of the Roman Catholic Church. He served as the Metropolitan Archbishop of Mechelen-Brussels and the chairman of the episcopal conference of his native country from 1979 to 2010. He was elevated to the cardinalate in 1983. His resignation at the age of 75 was accepted by Pope Benedict XVI on 18 January 2010.

neg: Stephen Fumio Hamao Stephen Fumio Hamao (濱尾 文郎 "Hamao Fumio") (9 March 1930 – 8 November 2007) was a Japanese Cardinal of the Roman Catholic Church and was the President of the Pontifical Council for the Pastoral Care of Migrants and Itinerants until it merged with other elements of the Roman Curia. He was made a cardinal by Pope John Paul II in 2003.

neg: Pope John XXIII Pope John XXIII (Latin: "Ioannes XXIII" ; Italian: "Giovanni XXIII" ; born Angelo Giuseppe Roncalli, ] ; 25 November 18813 June 1963) reigned as Pope from 28 October 1958 to his death in 1963 and was canonized on 27 April 2014. Angelo Giuseppe Roncalli was the fourth of fourteen children born to a family of sharecroppers who lived in a village in Lombardy. He was ordained to the priesthood on 10 August 1904 and served in a number of posts, including papal nuncio in France and a delegate to Bulgaria, Greece and Turkey. In a consistory on 12 January 1953 Pope Pius XII made Roncalli a cardinal as the Cardinal-Priest of Santa Prisca in addition to naming him as the Patriarch of Venice.

neg: Peter Faber Saint Peter Faber {'1': ", '2': ", '3': 'SJ', '4': "} (French: "Pierre Lefevre or Favre" , Spanish: "Pedro Fabro" , Latin: "Petrus Faver" ) (13 April 1506 – 1 August 1546) was the first Jesuit priest and theologian, who was also a co-founder of the Society of Jesus. Pope Francis announced his canonization on 17 December 2013.

neg: Francis Arinze Francis Arinze (born 1 November 1932) is a Nigerian Cardinal of the Roman Catholic Church. He is Prefect Emeritus of the Congregation for Divine Worship and the Discipline of the Sacraments, having served as prefect from 2002 to 2008. He is the current Cardinal Bishop of Velletri-Segni (succeeding Joseph Ratzinger, who became Pope Benedict XVI) since 2005. Arinze was one of the principal advisors to Pope John Paul II, and was considered "papabile" before the 2005 papal conclave, which elected Benedict XVI.

neg: Paolo Giobbe Paolo Giobbe (10 January 1880 – 14 August 1972) was an Italian Cardinal of the Catholic Church who served as Papal Datary in the Roman Curia from 1959 to 1968, and was elevated to the cardinalate in 1958.

neg: Cardinals created by Pius V Pope Pius V (r. 1566–1572) created 21 cardinals in three consistories.

neg: Cardinal Richelieu Cardinal Armand Jean du Plessis, Duke of Richelieu and Fronsac (] ; 9 September 1585 – 4 December 1642), commonly referred to as Cardinal Richelieu (French: Cardinal de Richelieu ] ), was a French clergyman, nobleman, and statesman. He was consecrated as a bishop in 1607 and was appointed Foreign Secretary in 1616. Richelieu soon rose in both the Catholic Church and the French government, becoming a cardinal in 1622, and King Louis XIII's chief minister in 1624. He remained in office until his death in 1642; he was succeeded by Cardinal Mazarin, whose career he had fostered.

neg: Juan Francisco Fresno Juan Francisco Fresno Larraín (26 July 1914 – 14 October 2004) was a Chilean cardinal of the Roman Catholic Church. He served as Archbishop of Santiago de Chile from 1983 to 1990, and was elevated to the Cardinalate in 1985.

neg: Cardinals created by Francis Pope Francis (r. 2013–present) has created cardinals at annual consistories in February or June beginning in 2014. In his four consistories, he has created a total of 61 cardinals from 43 countries, 15 of which had never before had a cardinal. His appointments only exceeded the maximum number of cardinal electors, which is 120, in 2017, when the number reached 121.

neg: Pope Pius X Pope Saint Pius X (Italian: "Pio X" ), born Giuseppe Melchiorre Sarto, (2 June 1835 – 20 August 1914) was Pope from August 1903 to his death in 1914. He was canonized in 1954. Pius X is known for vigorously opposing modernist interpretations of Catholic doctrine, promoting traditional devotional practices and orthodox theology. His most important reform was to order the codification of the first Code of Canon Law, which collected the laws of the Church into one volume for the first time. He was also considered a pastoral pope, in the sense of encouraging personal holiness, piety and a daily lifestyle reflecting deep Christian values. He was born in the town of Riese, which would later append "Pio X" (Pius X's name in Italian) to the town's name.

neg: WSJG-LP WSJG-LP a.k.a. St. John Paul The Great Radio a non-commercial low-power FM broadcasting station at 103.3 mHz in Tiffin, Ohio is the seventh Catholic station in the Toledo Diocese and is named in honor of Pope John Paul II who is now a canonized saint.

neg: Angelo Scola Angelo Scola (] ) (born 7 November 1941) is an Italian Cardinal of the Catholic Church, philosopher and theologian. He was appointed Archbishop of Milan by Pope Benedict XVI on 28 June 2011. He had served as Patriarch of Venice from 2002 to 2011. He was elevated to the rank of cardinal in 2003.

neg: Papal election reforms of Pope Benedict XVI In the course of his papacy Pope Benedict XVI (r. 2005–2013) issued two documents altering certain details of the procedures for electing a pope: "De electione romani pontificis" on 11 June 2007 and "Normas nonnullas" on 22 February 2013. These instructions amended the extensive set of rules and procedures issued on 22 February 1996 by his predecessor Pope John Paul II in his Apostolic Constitution "Universi Dominici gregis".

neg: Beatification of Pope Paul VI The cause for the canonization of Pope Paul VI, who died in 1978, commenced in 1993 and still continues. After having been proclaimed a Servant of God and declared Venerable, he was beatified on 19 October 2014, after the recognition of a miracle had been attributed to his intercession.

neg: List of people declared venerable by Pope Paul VI Pope Paul VI declared 85 individuals venerable, based on the recognition of their heroic virtues from 1963 to 1978.

neg: St. John the Evangelist in Spinaceto The church of St. John the Evangelist is a church in Rome, in Appio-Claudio District via Raffaele Aversa. Pope John Paull II created it as a cardinal title of "San Giovanni Evangelista a Spinaceto and Miguel Obando Bravo as its first titular cardinal.


query: What geotechnical software is used to analyze relatively rigid walls used for supporting the soil mass laterally?

pos: Geo5 GEO5 is a geotechnical software suite developed by Fine s.r.o. (Czech Republic). First programs were written by Jiri Laurin in 1989 in cooperation with the Faculty of Civil Engineering of CTU in Prague. The software is used in the field of geotechnical engineering to analyze slope stability, shoring excavations structures, retaining walls, foundations (piles, spread footing or mats) and tunnels.

pos: Retaining wall Retaining walls are relatively rigid walls used for supporting the soil mass laterally so that the soil can be retained at different levels on the two sides.

neg: Trench shield Trench shields (also called Trench Boxes or Trench Sheets) are steel or aluminum structures used for protecting utility workers while performing their duties within a trench. They are customarily constructed with sidewalls of varying thicknesses held apart by steel or aluminum spreaders. Spreaders can be interchanged to match the width of the trench. The different materials and building designs lead to a variety of depth ratings, i.e. the depth of a trench that the shield can withstand a collapse without buckling. Depth ratings are determined by registered professional engineers.

neg: SVFlux SVFLUX is a finite element seepage analysis program developed by SoilVision Systems Ltd.. The software is designed to analyze both saturated and unsaturated flow through the ground through the solving of Richard's equation. The program is used in the fields of civil engineering and hydrology in order to analyze seepage and groundwater regional flow. The software is used for the calculation of flow rates, pore-water pressures, and pumping rates associated with regional groundwater flow. The software can be coupled with CHEMFLUX in order to calculate diffusion, advection, and decay rates or with SVHEAT in order to calculate thermal gradients and freeze/thaw fronts.

neg: Back-stripping Back-stripping (also back stripping or backstripping) is a geophysical analysis technique used on sedimentary rock sequences - the technique is used to quantitatively estimate the depth that the basement would be in the absence of sediment and water loading. This depth provides a measure of the unknown tectonic driving forces that are responsible for basin formation (otherwise known as tectonic subsidence or uplift). By comparing backstripped curves to theoretical curves for basin subsidence and uplift it is possible to deduce information on the basin forming mechanisms.

neg: Vertical tillage Emerging in North America in the 1970s and 1980s, vertical tillage (VT) is a system of principles and guidelines similar to conservation agriculture (CA) in that it aims to improve soil health, increase water infiltration and decrease soil erosion and compaction (improve bulk density). With varying degrees of soil movement, it aims to not invert the soil and keep residue on the surface where it protects the soil. It usually includes small forward-facing discs that limit soil inversion and slices the residue for faster decomposition and to get a seeder or planter into the heavy residue-laden fields. Many times it also includes a deep ripping tool for breaking up hard pans and compaction created from traditional tillage implements and heavy equipment like large tractors and combine harvesters.

neg: Rock mass classification Rock mass classification systems are used for various engineering design and stability analysis. These are based on empirical relations between rock mass parameters and engineering applications, such as tunnels, slopes, foundations, and excavatability. The first rock mass classification system in geotechnical engineering was proposed in 1946 for tunnels with steel set support.

neg: Tiltmeter A tiltmeter is a sensitive inclinometer designed to measure very small changes from the vertical level, either on the ground or in structures. Tiltmeters are used extensively for monitoring volcanoes, the response of dams to filling, the small movements of potential landslides, the orientation and volume of hydraulic fractures, and the response of structures to various influences such as loading and foundation settlement. Tiltmeters may be purely mechanical or incorporate vibrating-wire or electrolytic sensors for electronic measurement. A sensitive instrument can detect changes of as little as one arc second.

neg: Hilling Hilling, earthing up or ridging is the technique in agriculture and horticulture of piling soil up around the base of a plant. It can be done by hand (usually using a hoe), or with powered machinery, typically a tractor attachment.

neg: Slope stability Slope stability is the potential of soil covered slopes to withstand and undergo movement. Stability is determined by the balance of shear stress and shear strength. A previously stable slope may be initially affected by preparatory factors, making the slope conditionally unstable. Triggering factors of a slope failure can be climatic events which can then make a slope unstable, leading to mass movements. Mass movements can be caused by increase in shear stress, such as loading, lateral pressure, and transient forces. Alternatively, shear strength may be decreased by weathering, changes in pore water pressure, and organic material.

neg: Bailer (hydrogeology) A bailer in hydrogeology is a hollow tube used to retrieve groundwater samples from monitoring wells. Groundwater monitoring wells are drilled in areas where there are underground storage tanks or where there is environmental remediation occurring. The wells are typically built out of PVC casing which is slotted to allow groundwater to flow freely through the well. Bailers are tied to a piece of rope (usually made from nylon or polypropylene) or a piece of wire (composed of Teflon or stainless steel) and lowered into the water column. Once lowered, the bailer uses a simple ball check valve to seal at the bottom in order to pull up a sample of the groundwater table. Bailers can be disposable or reusable, and they are made out of polyethylene, PVC, FEP or stainless steel.

neg: Soil mechanics Soil mechanics is a branch of soil physics and applied mechanics that describes the behavior of soils. It differs from fluid mechanics and solid mechanics in the sense that soils consist of a heterogeneous mixture of fluids (usually air and water) and particles (usually clay, silt, sand, and gravel) but soil may also contain organic solids and other matter. Along with rock mechanics, soil mechanics provides the theoretical basis for analysis in geotechnical engineering, a subdiscipline of civil engineering, and engineering geology, a subdiscipline of geology. Soil mechanics is used to analyze the deformations of and flow of fluids within natural and man-made structures that are supported on or made of soil, or structures that are buried in soils. Example applications are building and bridge foundations, retaining walls, dams, and buried pipeline systems. Principles of soil mechanics are also used in related disciplines such as engineering geology, geophysical engineering, coastal engineering, agricultural engineering, hydrology and soil physics.

neg: Earth anchor An earth anchor is a device designed to support structures, most commonly used in geotechnical and construction applications. Also known as a ground anchor, percussion driven earth anchor or mechanical anchor, it may be impact driven into the ground or run in spirally, depending on its design and intended force-resistance characteristics.

neg: Soil horizon A soil horizon is a layer parallel to the soil surface, whose physical characteristics differ from the layers above and beneath. Each soil type usually has three or four horizons. Horizons are defined in most cases by obvious physical features, chiefly colour and texture. These may be described both in absolute terms (particle size distribution for texture, for instance) and in terms relative to the surrounding material, i.e. ‘coarser’ or ‘sandier’ than the horizons above and below. Water dissolves and removes nutrients as it passes through the soil.

neg: Land use capability map Land use capability maps are maps created to represent the potential uses of a "unit" of land. They are measured using various indicators, although the most common are five physical factors (rock type, , slope, erosion degree and type, and vegetation). In more scientific terms, these can be classed as lithology, edaphology, topography, gradient, and biotic features.

neg: Power engineering software Power engineering software is software used to create models, analyze or calculate the design of Power stations, Overhead power lines, Transmission towers, Electrical grids, Grounding and Lightning systems and others. It is a type of application software which is used for power engineering problems, which are transformed into mathematical expressions.

neg: High strain dynamic testing High strain dynamic testing is a method of testing deep foundations to obtain information about their capacity and integrity, and in some cases, to monitor their installation. It is codified by ASTM D4945-12 - Standard Test Method for High-Strain Dynamic Testing of Piles.

neg: VisualFEA VisualFEA is a finite element analysis program running on MS Windows and Mac OS X platforms. The program is being developed and distributed by Intuition Software, Inc. in South Korea, and is used chiefly for structural and geotechnical analysis. The strongest point of the program is its intuitive and user-friendly usage based on graphical pre- and postprocessing capabilities. VisualFEA has educational functions for teaching and learning structural mechanics and finite element analysis through graphical simulation. Thus, this program is widely used in college courses related to structural mechanics and finite element method.

neg: Standard penetration test The standard penetration test (SPT) is an in-situ dynamic penetration test designed to provide information on the geotechnical engineering properties of soil. The test procedure is described in ISO 22476-3, ASTM D1586 and Australian Standards AS 1289.6.3.1.

neg: Seismic analysis Seismic analysis is a subset of structural analysis and is the calculation of the response of a building (or nonbuilding) structure to earthquakes. It is part of the process of structural design, earthquake engineering or structural assessment and retrofit (see structural engineering) in regions where earthquakes are prevalent.

neg: Terramechanics Terramechanics is the study of soil properties, specifically the interaction of wheeled or tracked vehicles on various surfaces.

neg: Martian soil Martian soil is the fine regolith found on the surface of Mars. Its properties can differ significantly from those of terrestrial soil. The term Martian soil typically refers to the finer fraction of regolith. On Earth, the term "soil" usually includes organic content. In contrast, planetary scientists adopt a functional definition of soil to distinguish it from rocks. Rocks generally refer to 10 cm scale and larger materials (e.g., fragments, breccia, and exposed outcrops) with high thermal inertia, with areal fractions consistent with the Viking Infrared Thermal Mapper (IRTM) data, and immobile under current aeolian conditions. Consequently, rocks classify as grains exceeding the size of cobbles on the Wentworth scale.


query: According to the 2011 census, what was the population of the municipality in which Erjon Dollapi was born?

pos: Erjon Dollapi Erjon Dollapi (born 16 March 1993 in Tropojë, Albania) is an Albanian-born English semi-professional rugby league player who currently plays for London Skolars in league 1. He was born in Albania but moved to London, England as a child.

pos: Tropojë Tropojë (definite Albanian form: "Tropoja" ) is a municipality in Kukës County, northern Albania, near the border with Kosovo. It was formed at the 2015 local government reform by the merger of the former municipalities Bajram Curri, Bujan, Bytyç, Fierzë, Lekbibaj, Llugaj, Margegaj and Tropojë, that became municipal units. The seat of the municipality is the town Bajram Curri. The total population is 20,517 (2011 census), in a total area of 1057.30 km. The population of the former municipality at the 2011 census was 4,117. The non-navigable Valbonë River flows through the municipality.

neg: Odense Municipality Odense Municipality (Danish: "Odense Kommune" ) is a Danish municipality ("kommune") in Region of Southern Denmark on the island of Funen in central Denmark. The municipality covers an area of 304.34 km2 , and has a population of 196,090 (1 April 2014). It is the most populous municipality in Region of Southern Denmark.

neg: Ampelokipoi, Thessaloniki Ampelokipoi (Greek: Αμπελόκηποι , "vineyards") is a suburb of the Thessaloniki Urban Area and was a former municipality of the regional unit of Thessaloniki, Greece. Since the 2011 local government reform it is part of the municipality of Ampelokipoi-Menemeni, of which it is a municipal unit. The population was 37381 in 2011, with a land area of 1.803 km². Ampelokipoi is the seat of the new Ampelokipoi-Menemeni municipality.

neg: Falun Falun (] ) is a city and the seat of Falun Municipality in Dalarna County, Sweden, with 37,291 inhabitants in 2010. It is also the capital of Dalarna County. Falun forms, together with Borlänge, a metropolitan area with close to 100,000 inhabitants.

neg: Svedala Svedala is a locality and the seat of Svedala Municipality, Skåne County, Sweden with 10,627 inhabitants in 2010.

neg: Skotterud Skotterud is the administrative centre of Eidskog municipality, Norway. Its population (2005) is 1,361.

neg: Paredes, Portugal Paredes (] ) is a city and a municipality in Porto District, in northern Portugal. The population in 2011 was 86,854, in an area of 156.76 km².

neg: Mêda, Portugal Mêda (] ) is a municipality in Portugal. The population in 2011 was 5,202, in an area of 286.05 km². The city of Mêda proper had a population of 2,004 in 2001.

neg: Barrancos Barrancos (] ou [bɐˈʁɐ̃kuʃ]) is a town and a municipality in Portugal. The population in 2011 was 1,834, in an area of 168.42 km².

neg: Smederevska Palanka Smederevska Palanka (, ] ) is a town and municipality located in the Podunavlje District of the eastern Serbia. According to the preliminary results of the 2011 census, the municipality had a total population of 50,284, while the town had 23,601 inhabitants.

neg: Barajevo Barajevo (, ] ) is a suburban municipality of the city of Belgrade. According to the 2011 census results, the municipality has a population of 27,110 inhabitants.

neg: Ferreira do Alentejo Ferreira do Alentejo (] ] ) is a town and a municipality in Beja District in Portugal. The population in 2011 was 8,255, in an area of 648.25 km².

neg: Mjönäs Mjönäs is a locality situated in Hagfors Municipality, Värmland County, Sweden with 217 inhabitants in 2010.

neg: Almodôvar Almodôvar (] or ] ; Arabic: المدوّر  trans. "al-Mudawwar") is a town and a municipality in the District of Beja, Portugal. The population in 2011 was 7,449, in an area of 777.88 km².

neg: Lidingö Municipality Lidingö Municipality ("Lidingö kommun" semi-officially named as "Lidingö stad") is a municipality east of Stockholm in Stockholm County in east central Sweden. Its seat is located on the island of Lidingö. The municipality is a part of Metropolitan Stockholm.

neg: Arkelstorp Arkelstorp is a locality situated in Kristianstad Municipality, Skåne County, Sweden with 768 inhabitants in 2010.

neg: Pargas Pargas (Finnish: Parainen ) (Finnish: "Länsi-Turunmaa" and Swedish: "Väståboland" in 2009–2011) is a municipality of Finland, in the Archipelago Sea. The big limestone mine in Pargas is the base of the main industry, while there are still significant rural areas. Except for the central parts of Pargas, the municipality is mostly rural.

neg: Nykroppa Nykroppa is a locality situated in Filipstad Municipality, Värmland County, Sweden with 846 inhabitants in 2010.

neg: Borlänge Borlänge ] is a locality and the seat of Borlänge Municipality in Dalarna County, Sweden, with 41,734 inhabitants in 2010.

neg: Eystur Municipality Eystur Municipality (Eysturkommuna) is a municipality (kommuna) in the Faroe Islands.

neg: Rjukan Rjukan (] ) is a town and the administrative centre of Tinn municipality in Telemark, Norway. It is situated in Vestfjorddalen, between Møsvatn and Lake Tinn, and got its name after Rjukan Falls ('the smoking waterfall') west of the town. The Tinn municipality council granted township status for Rjukan in 1996. The town has 3,386 inhabitants (Jan. 2007).


query: Original Joe's has a "signature" dish including their "famous" Joe's Special, which is what chicken dish prepared "hunter-style" with onions, herbs, usually tomatoes, often bell peppers, and sometimes wine?

pos: Original Joe's Original Joe's is a pair of restaurants in Downtown San Jose, California and the North Beach neighborhood of San Francisco. They serve a wide variety of foods, mostly Italian-American cuisine with some mainstream American favorites. Their "signature" dishes include their ""famous"" Joe's Special, Chicken Cacciatore and "baseball size" meatballs. They also have an extensive wine selection. New Original Joe's of Daly City

pos: Cacciatore Cacciatore (] ) means "hunter" in Italian. In cuisine, "alla cacciatora" refers to a meal prepared "hunter-style" with onions, herbs, usually tomatoes, often bell peppers, and sometimes wine.

neg: Cumberland sauce Cumberland sauce is a fruit sauce, usually used on non-white meats, such as venison, ham, and lamb. Coming out of the long-standing medieval tradition of piquant spicy fruit sauces rendered sharply sour with verjuice or vinegar and served with meat, but created sometime in the 19th century, the sauce appears in various editions of Mrs Beeton's Book of Household Management. It was named for the Duke of Cumberland, who had ties to Hanover, Germany, where the sauce was invented, according to Alexis Soyer's recipe in "The Gastronomic Regenerator " (1846) for a port-wine based sauce accompanying boar’s head, which Janet Clarkson notes "contains what we think of as the required citrus note in the form of Seville orange rind (along with mustard)."

neg: Swiss steak Swiss steak is meat, usually beef, prepared by means of rolling or pounding, and then braising in a cooking pot of stewed tomatoes, mushroom sauce, or some other sauce, either on a stove (cooker) or in an oven. In England and in some parts of the United States such as the Deep South, it is also called smothered steak. The dish does not stem from Switzerland, as the name suggests, but from the technique of tenderizing by pounding or rolling called "swissing".

neg: Llajwa Llajua or llajwa (] ) is a hot sauce prepared from locotos (Bolivian hot chili peppers) and tomatoes; sometimes onions are added to the mix. One or two seasoning herbs could be added, depending on the region and taste: quirquiña (Bolivian coriander) in Cochabamba and wakataya in the Altiplano and other valleys of Bolivia. It is preferably prepared on a grinding stone called a batan, which can be found in most Bolivian households of Cochabamba and Altiplano. In the absence of a batan, it can be prepared in a blender.

neg: Cawl Cawl (] ) is a Welsh dish. In modern Welsh the word is used to refer to any soup or broth. In English the word is used to refer to a traditional Welsh soup. Historically, ingredients tended to vary, but the most common recipes included salted bacon or beef with potatoes, swedes, carrots and other seasonal vegetables. Modern variations of the meal tend to use lamb and leek. Cawl is recognised as a national dish of Wales.

neg: Gallo en chicha Gallo en chicha is a traditional chicken dish in Salvadoran cuisine, although it is also eaten elsewhere in Central America, such as in Guatemala. The dish is made with rooster, Salvadoran chicha and panela. It is somewhat similar to coq-au-vin, but like much of Salvadoran cuisine is a blend of European influences and the Salvadoran ingredients and cooking traditions.

neg: Sangrecita Sangrecita is a Peruvian cuisine dish of chicken blood. It is seasoned with garlic, onion, chili pepper, herbs and prepared with potato or yuca.

neg: Bamboo chicken Bamboo chicken is a chicken curry prepared by stuffing the bamboo shoot with the chicken and then cooked on charcoal. Bamboo chicken is an oil free and nutritionally rich dish.

neg: Texas Tommy (food) The Texas Tommy is an American hot dog dish in which a hot dog is prepared with bacon and cheese. It was invented in Pottstown, Pennsylvania in the 1950s. It may be cooked by various methods, such as grilling and deep frying, and some variations exist. The Texas Tommy is a common dish in Philadelphia, the Delaware Valley, and South Jersey, and it is a menu item at various restaurants and hot dog restaurants in the United States. In Canada, this hot dog dish is often called the whistle dog.

neg: Horumonyaki Horumonyaki (Japanese: ホルモン焼き ) is a kind of Japanese cuisine made from beef or pork offal. Kitazato Shigeo, the chef of a "yōshoku" restaurant (one that specializes in Western-derived cuisine) in Osaka devised this dish and registered a trademark in 1940. It was originally derived from Yakiniku, a Japanese adaption of Korean barbecue. The name "horumon" is derived from the word "hormone", which means "stimulation" in Greek. The name "horumon" is also similar to the Kansai dialect term "hōrumon" (放る物), which means "discarded goods". Horumonyaki has a reputation for being a "stamina building" food.

neg: Vinagrete Vinagrete is a typical Brazilian condiment made of tomato, chopped onion, olive oil, vinegar, salt, and bell pepper. It usually accompanies salads, grilled meat, and roasted chicken.

neg: Chicken Maryland The term "Chicken Maryland" or "Maryland Chicken" refers to a historic dish associated with the U.S. state of Maryland, but has other meanings from other nations. In its home base, the food dish consists of fried chicken served with a cream gravy.

neg: Jalfrezi Jalfrezi (also jhal frezi, zalfrezi, jaffrazi, and many other alternative spellings) is a type of Indian Chinese cuisine that involves frying marinated pieces of meat, fish or vegetables in oil and spices to produce a dry, thick sauce. As the dish includes green chillies, a jalfrezi can range in heat from medium to very hot. Typically those eating jalfrezi cool it down by consuming cream, yoghurt or other foods that help aleviate the heat. Other main ingredients include bell peppers, onions, cabbage, and tomatoes.

neg: Jingisukan Jingisukan (ジンギスカン , "Genghis Khan") is a Japanese grilled mutton dish prepared on a convex metal skillet or other grill. The dish is particularly popular on the northern island of Hokkaidō, in China and in Thailand.

neg: Phá lấu Phá lấu (from ) is a Vietnamese dish of southern Chinese origin, made from pork meat and offal that is braised in a spiced stock (with curry powder sometimes added). Small wooden sticks are used to pick up the meat, which is then dipped in pepper, lime and chili fish sauce and served with rice, noodle or banh mi. In Cambodia, the dish is called "paklov" (ផាក់ឡូវ).

neg: Southern tomato pie The Southern tomato pie is a savory dish from the Southern United States. It consists of a pie shell with a filling of tomatoes (sometimes with basil or other herbs), covered with a topping of grated cheese mixed with either mayonnaise or a white sauce. It is considered a summer dish, to be made when tomatoes are in season.

neg: Hot chicken Hot chicken or Nashville hot chicken is a type of fried chicken that is a local specialty of Nashville, Tennessee, in the United States. In its typical preparation, it is a portion of breast, thigh, or wing that has been marinated in a water-based blend of seasoning, floured, fried, and finally sauced using a paste that has been spiced with cayenne pepper. It is served atop slices of white bread with pickle chips. It is both the application of a spicy paste and the presentation that differentiates it from similar dishes, such as Buffalo wings. It can be viewed in similar context to other foods that have been tweaked to be unique in a regional way, such as the slugburger or the Mississippi Delta tamale.

neg: Cincinnati chili Cincinnati chili (or Cincinnati-style chili) is a Mediterranean-spiced meat sauce used as a topping for spaghetti (a "two-way") or hot dogs ("coneys"), both dishes developed by Macedonian immigrant restaurateurs in the 1920s. Ingredients include ground beef, stock, tomato paste, spices such as cinnamon, nutmeg, allspice, cloves, cumin, and chili powder, unsweetened dark chocolate and bay leaf, in a soup-like consistency. Other toppings include cheese, onions, and beans; specific combinations of toppings are known as "ways". The name "Cincinnati chili" is often confusing to those unfamiliar with it, who expect the dish to be similar to chili con carne; as a result, it is common for those encountering it for the first time to conclude it is a poor example of chili.

neg: Southern Illinois chowder Southern Illinois Chowder is a thick stew or soup, very different from the New England and Manhattan chowders. The term "chowder" is of French-Indian origin. In Edwards County, Illinois, it refers to both the food and to the social gathering at which it is prepared and served. It is believed to have been brought to the area by the earliest settlers, or "backwoodsmen". Traditionally, the "chowder time" season commences when the first tomatoes ripen and closes with the first heavy frost.

neg: Jellied veal Jellied veal (or veal brawn, Swedish: "kalvsylta" ) is a cold cut dish made from veal, sometimes pork, stock, onion and spices such as allspice, bay leaf and white pepper. It is eaten cold from the fridge. Often with potatoes and pickled beetroot or sliced on crisp bread. It is a traditional dish for Christmas in Sweden. Jellied veal is considered as one of the few remaining dishes from the original Swedish Christmas smorgasbord.

neg: Irish stew Irish stew (Irish: "stobhach" / "Stobhach Gaelach ") is any variety of meat-and-root vegetables stew native to Ireland. As in all traditional folk dishes, the exact recipe is not consistent from time or place to place. Common ingredients include lamb, or mutton (mutton is used as it comes from less tender sheep over a year old, is fattier, and has a stronger flavour, and was generally more common in less-affluent times) as well as potatoes, onions, and parsley. It may sometimes also include carrots. Irish stew is also made with kid goat.


query: Which canal is located in Washington D.C, Washington City Canal or Beardsley Canal?

pos: Beardsley Canal Beardsley Canal is an irrigation canal in Kern County, California. It originates for the Kern River, east of Gordon's Ferry and just west of the First Point of Measurement. It is the first diversion from the river in the San Joaquin Valley for agriculture irrigation (Hart Park has two canals, but are used exclusively for aesthetics and reconnect to the river). It terminates at reservoirs located in Famoso, just east of SR 99 (Golden State Freeway).

pos: Washington City Canal The Washington City Canal operated from 1815 until the mid-1850s in Washington, D.C. The canal connected the Anacostia River, called the "Eastern Branch" at that time, to Tiber Creek, the Potomac River, and later the Chesapeake and Ohio Canal (C&O). The canal fell into disuse in the late 19th century and the city government covered over or filled in various sections.

neg: City Canal The City Canal was a short, and short-lived, canal excavated across the Isle of Dogs in east London, linking two reaches of the River Thames. Today, it has been almost completely reconstructed to form the South Dock of the West India Docks.

neg: Shinnecock Canal The Shinnecock Canal (also known as the Shinnecock and Peconic Canal) is a canal that cuts across the South Fork of Long Island at Hampton Bays, New York. At 4700 ft long, it connects Great Peconic Bay and the north fork of Long Island with Shinnecock Bay and the Atlantic Ocean. The canal opened to traffic in 1892.

neg: Otter Dock Otter Dock was a branch of the Grand Union Canal between Yiewsley and West Drayton in Middlesex (London, England). It was cut during the years 1876 to 1879 to service Yiewsley's brickworks. Bricks were moulded and fired in the local brickfields and transported by canal to a yard near South Wharf Basin, Paddington.

neg: Case Inlet Case Inlet, in southern Puget Sound in the U.S. state of Washington, is an arm of water between Key Peninsula on the east and Hartstine Island on the west. Its northern end, called North Bay, reaches nearly to Hood Canal, creating the defining isthmus of Kitsap Peninsula. Case Inlet is the boundary between Pierce County and Mason County. The southern end of Case Inlet is connected to Nisqually Reach, part of the southern basin of Puget Sound. Herron Island lies in Case Inlet.

neg: Edward R. Murrow Park Edward R. Murrow Park is a park located in Washington, D.C. at the corner of H Street NW and 18th Street NW. The National Park site is related to World War II.

neg: Cheshire Ring The Cheshire Ring is a canal cruising circuit or canal ring, which includes sections of six canals in and around Cheshire and Greater Manchester in North West England: the Ashton Canal, Peak Forest Canal, Macclesfield Canal, Trent and Mersey Canal, Bridgewater Canal and Rochdale Canal.

neg: Taft Bridge The Taft Bridge, also known as the Connecticut Avenue Bridge or William Howard Taft Bridge, is a historic bridge located in the Northwest quadrant of Washington, D.C. It carries Connecticut Avenue over the Rock Creek gorge, including Rock Creek and the Rock Creek and Potomac Parkway, connecting the neighborhoods of Woodley Park and Kalorama. It is situated to the southwest of the Duke Ellington Bridge.

neg: Swalley Irrigation District The Swalley Irrigation District supplies water to consumers through a network of pipes and canals fed by the Deschutes River near Bend in the U.S. state of Oregon. The network, begun in 1899, is a closed system with an intake behind North Canal Dam in Bend and a main canal, the Swalley Canal, that runs north from the city for about 13 mi . The only covered bridge east of the Cascade Range in Oregon crosses the Swalley Canal.

neg: Delaware City, Delaware Delaware City is a city in New Castle County, Delaware, United States. The population was 1,695 at the 2010 census. It is a small port town on the eastern terminus of the Chesapeake and Delaware Canal and is the location of the Forts Ferry Crossing to Fort Delaware on Pea Patch Island.

neg: Washington Union Station Washington Union Station is a major train station, transportation hub, and leisure destination in Washington, D.C. Opened in 1907, it is Amtrak's headquarters and the railroad's second-busiest station with annual ridership of just under 5 million. The station also serves MARC and VRE commuter rail services, the Washington Metro subway, intercity bus lines, and local Metrobus buses.

neg: Sacramento Deep Water Ship Channel The Sacramento Deep Water Ship Channel (also known as Sacramento River Deep Water Ship Channel or SRDWSC) is a canal from the Port of Sacramento in West Sacramento, California to the Sacramento River, which flows into San Francisco Bay. It was completed by the United States Army Corps of Engineers in 1963. The channel is about 30 feet (9 m) deep, 200 feet (61 m) wide and 43 miles (69 km) long.

neg: Broad Canal Broad Canal is a short canal in East Cambridge, Massachusetts, previously larger and part of the now-vanished canal system that made Cambridge an active seaport.

neg: Baisley Pond Park Baisley Pond Park is a public park located in the southeastern part of the Borough of Queens in New York City, bordering the neighborhoods of South Jamaica, Rochdale, and St. Albans. It contains 109.61 acres including the 30 acres of Baisley Pond in the center of the park. It is maintained by the New York City Department of Parks and Recreation.

neg: Nutbrook Canal The Nutbrook Canal was a canal in England which ran between Shipley in Derbyshire and the Erewash Canal, joining it near Trowell. It was built to serve the collieries at Shipley and West Hallam, and was completed in 1796. It was initially profitable, but from 1846 faced competition from the railways, and more seriously, subsidence caused by the coal mines that it was built to serve. With the mines failing to pay tolls for goods carried on the canal, and in some cases refusing to accept responsibility for the subsidence, most of it was closed in 1895, although the final 1.5 mi remained in use until 1949.

neg: Ballard, Seattle Ballard is a neighborhood located in the northwestern part of Seattle, Washington. To the north it is bounded by Crown Hill, (N.W. 85th Street); to the east by Greenwood, Phinney Ridge and Fremont (along 8th Avenue N.W.); to the south by the Lake Washington Ship Canal; and to the west by Puget Sound’s Shilshole Bay. The neighborhood’s landmarks include the Hiram M. Chittenden Locks (known locally as the "Ballard Locks"), the Nordic Heritage Museum, the Shilshole Bay Marina, and Golden Gardens Park.

neg: Bosley Lock Flight Bosley Lock Flight (grid reference [ SJ904662] ) is a flight of twelve canal locks, situated on the Macclesfield Canal at Bosley, near Macclesfield, Cheshire, England. The locks are substantially built with stone blocks, and unusually for narrow locks have mitre gates at both ends. They were each built with a side pond, which enabled some of the water to be re-used during a filling and emptying cycle. The side ponds have been disused for many years, but there are plans to reinstate one of them for demonstration purposes.

neg: Okeechobee Waterway The Okeechobee Waterway or Okeechobee Canal is a relatively shallow man-made waterway in the United States, stretching across Florida from Fort Myers on the west coast to Stuart on Florida's east coast. The waterway can support tows such as barges or private vessels up to 50 ft wide x 250 ft long which draw less than 10 ft , as parts of the system, especially the locks may have low water depths of just ten feet. The system of channels runs through Lake Okeechobee and consists of the Caloosahatchee River to the west of the lake and the St. Lucie Canal (C-44) east of the lake.

neg: Takoma Park, Maryland Takoma Park is a city in Montgomery County, Maryland. It is a suburb of Washington, D.C., and part of the Washington metropolitan area. Founded in 1883 and incorporated in 1890, Takoma Park, informally called "Azalea City," is a Tree City USA and a nuclear-free zone. A planned commuter suburb, it is situated along the Metropolitan Branch of the historic Baltimore and Ohio Railroad, just northeast of Washington, D.C., and it borders the neighborhood of Takoma, Washington, D.C. It is governed by an elected mayor and six elected councilmembers, who form the city council, and an appointed city manager, under a council-manager style of government. The city's population was 16,715 at the 2010 national census.

neg: Tidal Basin The Tidal Basin is a partially man-made reservoir between the Potomac River and the Washington Channel in Washington, D.C. It is part of West Potomac Park and is a focal point of the National Cherry Blossom Festival held each spring. The Jefferson Memorial, the Martin Luther King, Jr. National Memorial, the Franklin Delano Roosevelt Memorial, and the George Mason Memorial are situated adjacent to the Tidal Basin. The basin covers an area of about 107 acre and is 10 ft deep.

neg: D&R Canal Trail The D&R Canal trail is a recreational trail in the U.S. state of New Jersey. The 77 mi trail is made up of three segments that transverse three counties: a canal towpath from New Brunswick to Trenton; a canal towpath/rail trail from Trenton to Bull's Island; and a rail trail from Bull's Island to Frenchtown. The three combined trails together form the largest completed trail in New Jersey. Much of the trail runs along the existing Delaware & Raritan Canal within the New Jersey state park of the same name.


query: Shea Kerry played the role of Steve in Dark Honeymoon, which starred Roy Scheider from a 1971 American crime thriller directed by who?

pos: Shea Kerry Shea Kerry is an American writer and producer. He played the role of "Steve" in the thriller "Dark Honeymoon" (2008), starring Academy Award nominee Roy Scheider ("All That Jazz", "The French Connection"), Academy Award nominee Eric Roberts ("Runaway Train"), Steve Wilder, and Daryl Hannah.

pos: The French Connection (film) The French Connection is a 1971 American crime thriller film directed by William Friedkin and produced by Philip D'Antoni. It stars Gene Hackman, Fernando Rey, and Roy Scheider. The film was adapted and fictionalized by Ernest Tidyman from the 1969 non-fiction book by Robin Moore. It tells the story of New York Police Department detectives Jimmy "Popeye" Doyle and Buddy "Cloudy" Russo, whose real-life counterparts were Narcotics Detectives Eddie Egan and Sonny Grosso. Don Ellis scored the film.

neg: Nightkill Nightkill is a 1980 thriller film directed by Ted Post and starring Robert Mitchum and Jaclyn Smith. The screenplay concerns an adulteress who hatches a plot to murder her millionaire husband while her lover assumes his identity.

neg: Lockdown (1990 film) Lockdown is a film about a detective that is framed for a crime he didn't commit and is sent to prison. Directed by Frank Harris, the film starred Richard Lynch, Chris DeRose, Chuck Jeffreys, Elizabeth Kaitan and Joe Estevez.

neg: Killer's Kiss Killer's Kiss is a 1955 American crime film noir directed by Stanley Kubrick and written by Kubrick and Howard Sackler. It is the second film directed by Kubrick, the first being his 1953 debut feature "Fear and Desire". The film stars Jamie Smith, Irene Kane, and Frank Silvera.

neg: The Beguiled (1971 film) The Beguiled is a 1971 American Southern Gothic, thriller-drama film directed by Don Siegel, starring Clint Eastwood and Geraldine Page. The script was written by Albert Maltz and is based on the 1966 novel written by Thomas P. Cullinan, originally titled "A Painted Devil". The film marks the third of five collaborations between Siegel and Eastwood, following "Coogan's Bluff" (1968) and "Two Mules for Sister Sara" (1970), and continuing with "Dirty Harry" (1971) and "Escape from Alcatraz" (1979).

neg: The Sting The Sting is a 1973 American caper film set in September 1936, involving a complicated plot by two professional grifters (Paul Newman and Robert Redford) to con a mob boss (Robert Shaw). The film was directed by George Roy Hill, who had directed Newman and Redford in the western "Butch Cassidy and the Sundance Kid". Created by screenwriter David S. Ward, the story was inspired by real-life cons perpetrated by brothers Fred and Charley Gondorff and documented by David Maurer in his book "The Big Con: The Story of the Confidence Man".

neg: Black Killer Black Killer is a 1971 Italian Spaghetti Western film directed by Carlo Croccolo and starring Klaus Kinski.

neg: Gold (1974 film) Gold is a 1974 thriller film starring Roger Moore and Susannah York and directed by Peter R. Hunt. It was based on the 1970 novel "Gold Mine" by Wilbur Smith. Moore plays Rodney "Rod" Slater, General Manager of a South African gold mine, who is instructed by his boss Steyner (Bradford Dillman) to break through an underground dike into what he is told is a rich seam of gold. Meanwhile, he falls in love with Steyner's wife Terry, played by York. In the United States, the film was only released as part of a double bill.

neg: The Strange Affair The Strange Affair is a 1968 British crime film, directed by David Greene and starring Michael York, Jeremy Kemp and Susan George.

neg: The Honeymoon Machine The Honeymoon Machine is a 1961 film directed by Richard Thorpe and starring Steve McQueen, Brigid Bazlen, Jim Hutton, Paula Prentiss, Jack Mullaney, and Dean Jagger, based on the 1959 Broadway play "The Golden Fleecing" by Lorenzo Semple Jr.. In the film, three men devise a plan to win at roulette with a United States Navy computer. The scheme works until an admiral ruins their plans.

neg: The Return of Count Yorga The Return of Count Yorga, originally titled Yorga Returns, is a 1971 American vampire horror film directed by Bob Kelljan and starring Robert Quarry. It is the sequel to the 1970 film "Count Yorga, Vampire".

neg: Soylent Green Soylent Green is a 1973 American science fiction thriller film directed by Richard Fleischer and starring Charlton Heston and Leigh Taylor-Young. Edward G. Robinson appears in his final film. Loosely based on the 1966 science fiction novel "Make Room! Make Room!" by Harry Harrison, it combines both police procedural and science fiction genres; the investigation into the murder of a wealthy businessman and a dystopian future of dying oceans and year-round humidity due to the greenhouse effect, resulting in suffering from pollution, poverty, overpopulation, euthanasia and depleted resources.

neg: The Sabata Trilogy The Sabata Trilogy is a series of Spaghetti Western films released between 1969 and 1971, directed by Gianfranco Parolini, and starring Lee Van Cleef in the first, "Sabata", Yul Brynner in the second, "Adiós, Sabata", and Van Cleef returning for the third, "Return of Sabata".

neg: Runaway! (1973 film) Runaway! is a 1973 American made-for-television thriller film directed by David Lowell Rich. It is an action thriller involving skiers trapped on a runaway train speeding down a mountain. The film was produced by Universal and originally aired on ABC on September 29, 1973. It was re-titled The Runaway Train when released theatrically abroad.

neg: Truth about Kerry Truth about Kerry is a 2011 suspense film. It was written by Shaun O'Sullivan and Katherine Torpey, directed by Katherine Torpey, produced by Shaun O'Sullivan, Katie Torpey & Tony Zanelotti, and stars Stana Katic, Jessica Dean and Darren Keefe. The film was shot in County Kerry, Ireland, and in San Francisco, California, USA. The film is currently going on post production, and is scheduled to be released in the Film Festival

neg: The Salzburg Connection The Salzburg Connection is a 1972 American DeLuxe Color thriller film directed by Lee H. Katzin, starring Barry Newman and Anna Karina in Panavision. It is based on a novel by Helen MacInnes.

neg: The Possession of Joel Delaney The Possession of Joel Delaney is a 1972 American horror film directed by Waris Hussein and starring Shirley MacLaine and Perry King. It is based on the 1970 novel of the same name by Ramona Stewart.

neg: Deliverance Deliverance is a 1972 American thriller film produced and directed by John Boorman, and starring Jon Voight, Burt Reynolds, Ned Beatty and Ronny Cox, with the latter two making their feature film debuts. The film is based on the 1970 novel of the same name by American author James Dickey, who has a small role in the film as the Sheriff. The screenplay was written by Dickey and an uncredited Boorman. It was a critical success, earning three Academy Award nominations and five Golden Globe nominations.

neg: Helter Skelter (1976 film) Helter Skelter is a 1976 television film based on the 1974 book by prosecutor Vincent Bugliosi and Curt Gentry. In the United States, it aired over two nights. In some countries it was shown in theaters with additional footage (nudity, language and more violence).

neg: The Candy Snatchers The Candy Snatchers is a 1973 exploitation crime cult film directed by Guerdon Trueblood. The film was first released in June 1973 and was unofficially inspired by the kidnapping of Barbara Jane Mackle. It stars Susan Sennett as a teenager who is kidnapped and held for ransom by three amateur criminals. "The Candy Snatchers" received a DVD release in 2005 through Subversive Cinema.

neg: The Killing Kind (1973 film) The Killing Kind is a 1973 American psychological horror directed by Curtis Harrington, and starring Ann Sothern and John Savage. The film is based on a screenplay by Tony Crechales, whose screenplay was revised by producer George Edwards, an associate producer on Harrington's previous film, "What's the Matter with Helen?" (1971).


query: Aukštaitian, is one of the dialects of the Lithuanian language, spoken in ethnographic regions of Aukštaitija, Dzūkija and which of the smallest of the five cultural regions of Lithuania?

pos: Aukštaitian dialect Aukštaitian (Lithuanian: "Aukštaičių tarmė" ) is one of the dialects of the Lithuanian language, spoken in ethnographic regions of Aukštaitija, Dzūkija and Suvalkija. It became the basis for the standard Lithuanian language.

pos: Suvalkija Suvalkija or Sudovia (Lithuanian: "Sūduva" or "Suvalkija" or "Užnemunė" ) is the smallest of the five cultural regions of Lithuania. Its unofficial capital is Marijampolė. People from Suvalkija are called "suvalkiečiai" (plural) or "suvalkietis" (singular). It is located south of the Neman River, in the former territory of Vilkaviškis bishopric. Historically, it is the newest ethnographic region as its most distinct characteristics and separate identity formed during the 19th century when the territory was part of Congress Poland. It was never a separate political entity and even today it has no official status in the administrative division of Lithuania. However, it continues to be the subject of studies focusing on Lithuanian folk culture of the 19th and early 20th centuries.

neg: Dzirkstele Dzirkstele is a regional newspaper published in Latvia.

neg: Armenians in Lithuania Armenians in Lithuania refers to ethnic Armenians living in Lithuania.

neg: Aukštaitija Aukštaitija (] , "Highlands") is the name of one of five ethnographic regions of Lithuania. The name comes from the relatively high elevation of the region, particularly the eastern parts.

neg: Grybaulia Grybaulia is a small village in Dzūkija National Park in Lithuania. The village is best known for its extensive fish ponds, which, surrounded by boreal forests provide breeding, feeding and wintering habitats for a number of bird species.

neg: Mainland Finland Mainland Finland (Finnish: "Manner-Suomi" , Swedish: "fasta Finland" ) is a term used in statistics and in other contexts to exclude the autonomous Åland Islands under Finnish sovereignty from the rest of Finland. In legal contexts, the relation between the mainland and the Åland Islands is depicted by the word pairs "valtakunta–maakunta" (Finnish) or "riket–landskapet" (Swedish). The literal translation into English is "realm–province", but the translation given by the Finnish Ministry of Justice is "the State–Åland".

neg: Javakheti Javakheti (Georgian: ჯავახეთი ] ; Armenian: Ջավախք , "Javakhk") is a historical province in southern Georgia, corresponding to the modern Akhalkalaki and Ninotsminda municipalities. Historically, Javakheti borders in the west to the Kura River (Mtkvari), and in the north, south and east with the Shavsheti, Samsari and Nialiskuri mountains. Principal economic activities in this region are subsistence agriculture, particularly potatoes, and raising livestock.

neg: Anykšta Anykšta is a river of Anykščiai district municipality, Utena County, northeastern Lithuania. It flows for 13.8 kilometres and has a basin area of 144.9 km².

neg: Puńsk Puńsk (Lithuanian: "Punskas" ) is a village (city in 1647-1852) in the Podlaskie Voivodeship, Poland. Over 75% of the population of Puńsk is Lithuanian. It lies in the northeastern part of Poland, only 5 km from the border with Lithuania.

neg: Šiauliai Šiauliai (] ) is the fourth largest city in Lithuania, with a population of 133,900. From 1994 to 2010 it was the capital of Šiauliai County. Unofficially, the city is the capital of Northern Lithuania.

neg: Culture of Lithuania The culture of Lithuania combines an indigenous heritage, represented by the unique Lithuanian language, with Nordic cultural aspects and Christian traditions resulting from historical ties with Poland. Although linguistic resemblances represent strong cultural ties with Latvia in various historical moments Lithuania was influenced by Nordic, Germanic and Slavic cultures. Various cultural changes occurred throughout Lithuania's transformation from a former country of the Soviet Union to an independent Baltic state.

neg: Zeta–South Raška dialect The Zeta–South Raška dialect () is a subdialect of the Štokavian dialect of Serbo-Croatian. Its prevalence is mostly in southern Montenegro and parts of the historical region of Sandžak.

neg: Flora of Lithuania The Flora of Lithuania is estimated to comprise about 10,600 species. About 1,350 of these are vascular plants; about 335 are bryophytes; and about 2,000 are algae. Lichens are represented by about 500 species, and fungi by about 6,400 species. About 550 of these species are considered extinct or threatened. Protected areas now cover more than 12% of the territory of Lithuania.

neg: NUTS statistical regions of Lithuania In the NUTS (Nomenclature of Territorial Units for Statistics) codes of Lithuania (LT), the three levels are:

neg: Lindesnes Region The Lindesnes Region (or Mandal Region) is the metropolitan region surrounding the town of Mandal in Southern Norway. The region has no governmental functions, but it encompasses five municipalities in Vest-Agder county, primarily covering two large river valleys: Mandalen and Audnedalen. The region is Norway's southernmost region and it borders the Kristiansand Region to the east and the Lister Region to the west.

neg: Rēzekne Municipality Rēzekne Municipality (Latvian: "Rēzeknes novads" ) is a municipality in Latgale, Latvia. The municipality was formed in 2009 by merging Audriņi parish, Bērzgale parish, Čornaja parish, Dricāni parish, Feimaņi parish, Gaigalava parish, Griškāni parish, Ilzeskalns parish, Kantinieki parish, Kaunata parish, Lendži parish, Lūznava parish, Mākoņkalns parish, Malta parish, Nagļi parish, Nautrēni parish, Ozolaine parish, Ozolmuiža parish, Puša parish, Rikava parish, Sakstagals parish, Silmala parish, Stoļerova parish, Strūžāni parish and Vērēmi parish. The administrative center is located in Rēzekne city, which is not included in the territory of the municipality.

neg: Hungarian dialects The dialects of the Hungarian language identified by Ethnologue are: Great Hungarian Plain, West Danube, Danube-Tisza (territories between the two rivers), King's Pass Hungarian (Pass in Apuseni Mountains), Northeast Hungarian, Northwest Hungarian, Székely and West Hungarian. These dialects are, for the most part, mutually intelligible.

neg: Lake Asveja Lake Asveja or Dubingiai Lake (Lithuanian: "Asveja" or "Dubingių ežeras" ) is the longest lake in Lithuania (length: 21.9 km or 29.7 km counting the Žalktynė, Vyriogala and Dubingiai bights). It covers 9.78 km² area and reaches a depth of 50.2m which makes it the third deepest lake in Lithuania. It lies partly in Molėtai district, Švenčionys district and Vilnius district. The alternative name comes from the historical Dubingiai Castle, constructed on the former island, and the small town of Dubingiai situated on the lake. The town is a popular tourist destination. Žeimena River flows south of the lake and people rent boats or kayaks to go down the river to the Neris River.

neg: Marijampolė Marijampolė ( ; also known by several other names) is an industrial city and the capital of the Marijampolė County in the south of Lithuania, bordering Poland and Russian Kaliningrad oblast, and Lake Vištytis. The population of Marijampolė is 48,700 (2003). It is the Lithuanian center of the Suvalkija region.

neg: Lithuania proper Lithuania proper (Latin: "Lithuania propria" , literally: "Genuine Lithuania"; Lithuanian: "Didžioji Lietuva" ; Yiddish: ליטע , "Lite") refers to a region which existed within the Grand Duchy of Lithuania, and where the Lithuanian language was spoken. The primary meaning is identical to the Duchy of Lithuania, a land around which the Grand Duchy of Lithuania evolved. The territory can be traced by Catholic Christian parishes established in pagan Baltic lands of the Grand Duchy of Lithuania subsequent to the Christianization of Lithuania in 1387. They were quite distinguishable, since Ruthenian parts of the Duchy have been already baptised in an orthodox manner. The term in Latin was widely used during the Middle Ages and can be found in numerous historical maps until World War I.

neg: Lithuanian nobility The Lithuanian nobility was historically a legally privileged class in the Grand Duchy of Lithuania consisting of Lithuanians, from the historical regions of Lithuania Proper and Samogitia, and, following Lithuania's eastern expansion, many Ruthenian noble families ("boyars"). Families were primarily granted privileges for their military service to the Grand Duchy. The Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth had one of the largest percentages of nobility in Europe, close to 10% of the population, in some regions, like Samogitia, it was closer to 12%.