query: Chris Moore found success with the 1997 drama film directed by whom?

pos: Chris Moore (film producer) Chris Moore is an American film producer who has worked in the industry since the 1990s. Moore's first film was "Glory Daze" (1995), followed by successes "Good Will Hunting" (1997) and "American Pie" (1999). In addition to producing films throughout the 2000s and 2010s, he has also produced television such as "Project Greenlight". He has directed two films, "Kill Theory" and "The People Speak", both released in 2009.

pos: Good Will Hunting Good Will Hunting is a 1997 American drama film, directed by Gus Van Sant, and starring Robin Williams, Matt Damon, Ben Affleck, Minnie Driver and Stellan Skarsgård. Written by Affleck and Damon (and with Damon in the title role), the film follows 20-year-old South Boston laborer Will Hunting, an unrecognized genius who, as part of a deferred prosecution agreement after assaulting a police officer, becomes a client of a therapist and studies advanced mathematics with a renowned professor. Through his therapy sessions, Will re-evaluates his relationships with his best friend, his girlfriend and himself, facing the significant task of confronting his past and thinking about his future.

neg: Hope (1997 film) Hope is a 1997 American made-for-TV drama film, starring Christine Lahti, Jena Malone and Catherine O'Hara. It was written by Kerry Kennedy and directed by Goldie Hawn, in her directorial debut. The film was first aired at TNT on October 19, 1997. "Hope" was shoot entirely on Texas.

neg: Kangaroo Palace Kangaroo Palace is a 1997 drama television film which aired on Seven Network.

neg: The Blood Oranges The Blood Oranges is a 1997 erotic drama film directed by Philip Haas. This was Haas’s third feature film, which is based on the 1970 erotic cult novel by John Hawkes. The film depicts two western couples, one with children, coming together in the fictional Mediterranean village of Ilyria, and explores the perils of swinging between married couples.

neg: Fever Pitch (1997 film) Fever Pitch is a 1997 film starring Colin Firth, based loosely on Nick Hornby's best-selling memoir, "Fever Pitch: A Fan's Life" (1992). Hornby also wrote the screenplay.

neg: Love Jones (film) Love Jones is a 1997 American romantic drama film written and directed by Theodore Witcher, in his feature film debut. It stars Larenz Tate, Nia Long, Isaiah Washington, Bill Bellamy, and Lisa Nicole Carson.

neg: Dante's Peak Dante's Peak is a 1997 American dramatic disaster thriller film directed by Roger Donaldson. Starring Pierce Brosnan, Linda Hamilton, Charles Hallahan, Elizabeth Hoffman, Jamie Renée Smith, Jeremy Foley and Grant Heslov, the film was set in the fictional town of Dante's Peak where the inhabitants must survive a volcanic eruption and the resultant dangers. It was released on February 7, 1997 under the production of Sony Pictures, Universal Pictures and Pacific Western Productions.

neg: This Is the Sea (film) This Is the Sea is an Irish film, released in 1997, directed and written by Mary McGuckian and produced by Michael Garland. It is a romance film, focusing on the relationship between the character Hazel Stokes, played by Samantha Morton, and Malachy McAliskey, played by Ross McDade. The two lovers live in Northern Ireland. Stokes is a Protestant, while McAliskey is Catholic. Their relationship is complicated by the spying of Stokes' brother Jef, played by Marc O'Shea, and by the attempts of Rohan, played by Gabriel Byrne, to recruit McAliskey into the Republican movement. The film also stars Richard Harris as Old Man Jacobs, an ally to the couple.

neg: Breast Men Breast Men is a 1997 American, semibiographical, dark comedy film; it was written by John Stockwell and directed by Lawrence O'Neil for HBO.

neg: Hudson River Blues Hudson River Blues was a 1997 independent film.

neg: Voyage to the Beginning of the World Voyage to the Beginning of the World (Portuguese: Viagem ao Princípio do Mundo , French: Voyage au début du monde ) is a 1997 Portuguese-French drama film directed by Manoel de Oliveira and starring Marcello Mastroianni. The film was selected as the Portuguese entry for the Best Foreign Language Film at the 70th Academy Awards, but was not accepted as a nominee. It was Mastroianni's final film.

neg: The Game (1997 film) The Game is a 1997 American mystery thriller film directed by David Fincher, starring Michael Douglas and Sean Penn, and produced by Propaganda Films and PolyGram Filmed Entertainment. It tells the story of a wealthy investment banker who is given a mysterious gift: participation in a game that integrates in strange ways with his everyday life. As the lines between the banker's real life and the game become more uncertain, hints of a large conspiracy become apparent.

neg: The Toilers and the Wayfarers The Toilers and the Wayfarers is a 1997 LGBT-related dramatic film written and directed by Keith Froelich. It was released on 14 March 1997.

neg: Night Falls on Manhattan Night Falls on Manhattan is a 1997 American crime drama film directed by Sidney Lumet, set and filmed on location in New York City. Its screenplay is by Lumet, based on a novel by Robert Daley entitled "Tainted Evidence".

neg: Contact (1997 American film) Contact is a 1997 American science fiction drama film directed by Robert Zemeckis. It is a film adaptation of Carl Sagan's 1985 novel of the same name; Sagan and his wife Ann Druyan wrote the story outline for the film.

neg: Lawn Dogs Lawn Dogs is a 1997 British-American fantasy-drama film directed by John Duigan and starring Mischa Barton and Sam Rockwell. The film tells the story of a precocious young girl (Barton) from a gated community who befriends a landscape worker (Rockwell), and examines the societal repercussions of their friendship. Written by Naomi Wallace, the film was released by Rank Organisation, and was the company's last production.

neg: Ranger (film) Ranger is a 1997 Indian Malayalam film directed by KS Gopalakrishnan.

neg: Mystery Monsters Mystery Monsters is a 1997 film directed by Charles Band and starring Ashley Cafagna-Tesoro and Tim Redwine.

neg: One of Us Tripped One of Us Tripped is a 1997 drama film directed by Tim Story starring Kimani Calender and Kevin Mambo. It holds a rating of 3.7/10 on IMDb.

neg: Face/Off Face/Off is a 1997 American science fiction action film directed by John Woo, written by Mike Werb and Michael Colleary, and starring John Travolta and Nicolas Cage. Travolta plays an FBI agent and Cage plays a terrorist, sworn enemies who assume each other's physical appearance.

neg: Time Under Fire Time Under Fire, released in the United States as "Beneath the Bermuda Triangle" is a 1997 action sci-fi B-movie directed by Scott P. Levy and executive produced by Roger Corman. Released by Royal Oaks Entertainment, "Time Under Fire" stars Jeff Fahey as Alan Deakins, a submarine commander whose ship enters a time portal in the Bermuda Triangle and travels 80 years in the future to a dystopian America.


query: the American Society of Magazine Editors in association with Columbia University Graduate School of Journalism sponsors what award won by "Harper's Magazine" whose editor is Ellen Rosenbush?

pos: Ellen Rosenbush Ellen Rosenbush has been editor of "Harper's Magazine" since 2010. During her tenure the magazine won two National Magazine Awards and received a total of 12 nominations.

pos: National Magazine Awards The National Magazine Awards, also known as the Ellie Awards, honor print and digital publications that consistently demonstrate superior execution of editorial objectives, innovative techniques, noteworthy enterprise and imaginative design. Originally limited to print magazines, the awards now recognize magazine-quality journalism published in any medium. They are sponsored by the American Society of Magazine Editors in association with Columbia University Graduate School of Journalism and are administered by ASME in New York City, New York. The awards have been presented annually since 1966.

neg: Toner Prize for Excellence in Political Reporting The Toner Prize for Excellence in Political Reporting, awarded annually by Syracuse University’s S.I. Newhouse School of Public Communications, is named after Robin Toner, as is the Toner Lecture/Symposium on American politics and political journalism; together they make up the Toner Program in Political Reporting, established at Syracuse University in 2009. The Toner Prize recognizes those writers who have made outstanding contributions to the political Journalism field. The award was presented in 2016 by President Barack Obama

neg: Investigative Reporters and Editors Investigative Reporters and Editors, Inc. (IRE) is a nonprofit organization that focuses on the quality of investigative reporting. Formed in 1975, it presents the IRE Awards and holds conferences and training classes for journalists. Its headquarters is in Columbia, Missouri, at the University of Missouri School of Journalism. The IRE Awards have categories in all different media.

neg: 2011 Pulitzer Prize The 2011 Pulitzer Prizes were announced on Monday, April 18, 2011. "The Los Angeles Times" won two prizes, including the highest honor for Public Service. "The New York Times" also won two awards. No prize was handed out in the Breaking News category. "The Wall Street Journal" won an award for the first time since 2007. Jennifer Egan's "A Visit From the Goon Squad" picked up the Fiction prize after already winning the 2010 National Book Critics Circle Award. Photographer Carol Guzy of "The Washington Post" became the first journalist to win four Pulitzer Prizes.

neg: Michael Moss Michael Moss was awarded the Pulitzer Prize for Explanatory Reporting in 2010, and was a finalist for the prize in 2006 and 1999. He is also the recipient of a Gerald Loeb Award and an Overseas Press Club citation. Before coming to "The New York Times", he was a reporter for "The Wall Street Journal", "New York Newsday", and The Atlanta Journal-Constitution. He has been an adjunct professor at the Columbia School of Journalism and currently lives in Brooklyn with his wife and two sons.

neg: Thomas de Zengotita Thomas de Zengotita (born c. 1944) is an author and contributing editor at "Harper's Magazine". He holds a Ph.D. in anthropology from Columbia University and teaches at the Dalton School and New York University. His most recent book is called "Mediated: How the Media Shapes Your World and the Way You Live in It" (2005). In 2010, he co-wrote the narration for a film directed by Adrian Grenier entitled "Teenage Paparazzo".

neg: Amy Harmon Amy Harmon (born September 17, 1968) is an American journalist. She won a Pulitzer Prize as a correspondent for "The New York Times" covering the impact of science and technology on everyday life. Harmon uses narrative storytelling to illuminate the human dilemmas posed by advances in science. In 2013, she was named a Guggenheim Fellow.

neg: David Remnick David Remnick (born October 29, 1958) is an American journalist, writer, and magazine editor. He won a Pulitzer Prize in 1994 for his book "". Remnick has been editor of "The New Yorker" magazine since 1998. He was named Editor of the Year by "Advertising Age" in 2000. Before joining "The New Yorker", Remnick was a reporter and the Moscow correspondent for "The Washington Post". He also has served on the New York Public Library board of trustees. In 2010 he published his sixth book, "".

neg: University Press Club The University Press Club is an organization of Princeton University undergraduates who work as professional freelance journalists for local, regional, and national publications. It is the only student-run group of its kind in the country. Press Club alumni have gone on to careers in journalism at publications including "The New York Times", the "Washington Post", "Vanity Fair", "Forbes", and the "New Yorker" and have won the Pulitzer Prize.

neg: Lasker-Bloomberg Public Service Award The Lasker-Bloomberg Public Service Award, known until 2009 as the Mary Woodard Lasker Public Service Award, is awarded by the Lasker Foundation to honor an individual or organization whose public service has profoundly enlarged the possibilities for medical research and the health sciences and their impact on the health of the public. The award, worth $250,000, is presented in odd-numbered years to a winner selected from among policy makers, journalists, philanthropists, advocates, scientists, and public health professionals. It is named after the philanthropists Albert Lasker and Michael R. Bloomberg.

neg: Sig Gissler Sig Gissler is an adjunct professor of journalism at Columbia University and the former administrator of the Pulitzer Prizes.

neg: Rosenstiel Award Since 1971 the Lewis S. Rosenstiel Award for Distinguished Work in Basic Medical Research is awarded by Brandeis University, which says that it was established "as an expression of the conviction that educational institutions have an important role to play in the encouragement and development of basic science as it applies to medicine".

neg: Sarah Stillman Sarah Stillman is an American journalist. She won a 2012 George Polk Award, and 2012 Hillman Prize. In 2016, she was named a MacArthur Fellow.

neg: Harriet Brown Harriet Brown is an American writer, magazine editor, and professor of magazine journalism at the S.I. Newhouse School of Public Communications at Syracuse University.

neg: Harper's Weekly Harper's Weekly, A Journal of Civilization was an American political magazine based in New York City. Published by Harper & Brothers from 1857 until 1916, it featured foreign and domestic news, fiction, essays on many subjects, and humor, alongside illustrations. It carried extensive coverage of the American Civil War, including many illustrations of events from the war. During its most influential period, it was the forum of the political cartoonist Thomas Nast.

neg: Stephen Kimber Stephen Edward Kimber (born August 25, 1949) is a Canadian journalism professor at the University of King's College in Halifax, Nova Scotia and is an award-winning journalist, editor and broadcaster.

neg: Livingston Award The Livingston Awards at the University of Michigan are American journalism awards issued to media professionals under the age of 35 for local, national, and international reporting. They are the largest, all-media, general reporting prizes in America. Popularly referred to as the "Pulitzer for the Young", the awards have recognized the early talent of journalists, including Michele Norris, Christiane Amanpour, David Remnick, Ira Glass, J. R. Moehringer, Thomas Friedman, Rick Atkinson, David Isay, Sharmeen Obaid-Chinoy, Tom Ashbrook, Nicholas Confessore, C. J. Chivers and Charles Sennot.

neg: Portfolio Magazine Portfolio Magazine, also known as Portfolio, The Magazine of the Fine Arts, was published bimonthly from 1979 to 1983 by Portfolio Associates of New York City. The editor and publisher was Edwin S. Grosvenor, who went on to edit "American Heritage" magazine. Other staff editors included Alexandra Anderson, Manuela Hoelterhoff, Denise Martin, Isolde McNichol, and Carter Wiseman.

neg: Gerhard Löwenthal Prize The Gerhard Löwenthal Prize (German: "Gerhard-Löwenthal-Preis" ) is an award for "free and conservative journalism" ("freiheitlich-konservativen Journalismus ") in Germany. Endowed by German "Foundation for Conservative Education and Research" ("Förderstiftung Konservative Bildung und Forschung" ), it is awarded in cooperation with national-conservative newspaper "Junge Freiheit" and Ingeborg Löwenthal, widow of conservative journalist and Holocaust survivor Gerhard Löwenthal. Issued annually between 2004 and 2009, it has since been awarded only biannually.

neg: Sasha Issenberg Sasha Issenberg is an American journalist. His articles have been published in "Philadelphia", "Slate", the "Washington Monthly", The "The New York Times Magazine", "The Atlantic", "Boston", "The Boston Globe", "Monocle" and "George", where he was a contributing editor. He is a 2002 graduate of Swarthmore College.

neg: Folio (magazine) Folio is a literary magazine founded in 1984 and based at American University in Washington, D.C. It publishes fiction, poetry, and creative non-fiction twice each year. "Folio" is also known for interviews with prominent writers, most recently Ann Beattie, Alice Fulton, Leslie Pietrzyk, Gregory Orr, and Adam Haslett. Work that has appeared in "Folio" was short-listed for the Pushcart Prize multiple time in the 1980s.


query: Simon & Simon starred which television and movie actor from the US?

pos: Simon & Simon Simon & Simon is an American detective television series that originally ran from 1981 to 1989. The series was broadcast on CBS and starred Gerald McRaney and Jameson Parker as two disparate brothers who run a San Diego private detective agency.

pos: Gerald McRaney Gerald Lee McRaney (born August 19, 1947) is an American television and movie actor. McRaney is best known as one of the stars of the television shows "Simon & Simon", "Major Dad", and "Promised Land". He was a series regular in the first season of "Jericho" and the final season of "Deadwood". He appeared in a recurring role as main antagonist Mason Wood in season eight of "Castle".

neg: Zachary Browne Zachary Browne (born March 28, 1985) is an American television and film actor.

neg: John Corbett John Joseph Corbett (born May 9, 1961) is an American actor and country music singer. Corbett began his acting career in television commercials. He is known for his roles as Chris Stevens on CBS' "Northern Exposure" and as Aidan Shaw on HBO's "Sex and the City". He reprised the latter role for the film sequel "Sex and the City 2" (2010). Corbett also portrayed the male lead, Ian Miller, in the romantic comedy film "My Big Fat Greek Wedding" (2002) and its 2016 sequel.

neg: Ian Lithgow Ian David Lithgow (born 3 February 1972) is an American actor, best known for his work as Leon in the NBC's series "3rd Rock from the Sun" (1996–2001).

neg: Simon Shepherd Simon Stephen Shepherd (born 20 August 1956) is an English actor. He is best known to TV audiences from many appearances, including as Dr Will Preston in five series of ITV's "Peak Practice" and Doctor Jonathan Barling in Casualty in Five Days.

neg: Terrence Howard Terrence Dashon Howard (born March 11, 1969) is an American actor and singer. Having his first major roles in the 1995 films "Dead Presidents" and "Mr. Holland's Opus", Howard broke into the mainstream with a succession of television and cinema roles between 2004 and 2006. He was nominated for the Academy Award for Best Actor for his role in "Hustle & Flow". Howard has had prominent roles in many other movies including "Winnie", "Ray", "Lackawanna Blues", "Crash", " Four Brothers", "Get Rich or Die Tryin'", "Idlewild", "August Rush", "The Brave One" and "Prisoners". Howard played James Rhodes in the first "Iron Man" and its video game adaptation, but he was replaced by Don Cheadle for the future films. He currently stars as the lead character Lucious Lyon in the television series "Empire". His debut album, "Shine Through It", was released in September 2008.

neg: Jimmy Pinchak Jimmy Jax Pinchak (born February 16, 1996) is an American actor and musician known for playing roles in TV shows and Films.

neg: Peter Macon Peter Macon is an American television and stage actor.

neg: Simon Jones (actor) Simon Jones (born 27 July 1950) is an English actor. He is best known for his multiple portrayals of Arthur Dent, protagonist of Douglas Adams' 1979 novel "The Hitchhiker's Guide to the Galaxy". Jones first portrayed the character on radio in 1978 and again on television in 1981. Jones also featured in the film "The Hitchhiker's Guide to the Galaxy" (2005) in a cameo role. He is also known for his portrayal of Donald Shellhammer in "Miracle on 34th Street" (1994), and for his multiple appearances on the Broadway stage.

neg: Jeff Maxwell Jeff Maxwell (born December 7, 1947) is an American actor who played Pvt. Igor Straminsky, a recurring character in the television series "M*A*S*H". He appeared in 83 episodes of the classic CBS comedy from 1973 to 1983, including the series finale "Goodbye, Farewell and Amen", which aired February 28, 1983 and became the most-watched scripted broadcast in American history (a title it still holds) with over 121.6 million viewers and 50.1 million households tuning in.

neg: Mel Jackson Mel Jackson (born October 13, 1970, in Chicago, Illinois) is an African-American actor, producer, spoken word artist and R&B musician. He is known for his roles in "Living Single" (1997–98), "Soul Food" (1997), "The Temptations" (1998), "Deliver Us from Eva" (2003), and "Abduction of Jesse Bookman" (2008).

neg: Clark Brandon Clark Brandon (born December 13, 1958) is an American actor. His most notable roles were as Max Merlin's apprentice Zachary Rogers in the CBS series "Mr. Merlin" and as Sean Fitzpatrick, the older brother, in the CBS series "The Fitzpatricks". He also starred with Jim Varney in the 1989 comedy film, "Fast Food".

neg: Christian Payton Christian Payton (born December 24, 1965) in Chicago Illinois. Is an American actor. He started out in musicals and plays when he was very young. Christian Payton has landed roles in a variety of movies ranging from "U.S. Marshals" and "Strange as Angels". In "The Temptations", Christian Payton was cast as Paul Williams, one of the original famous Temptations, and sang most of his own parts.

neg: Glenn Simon Glenn Simon is an American actor best known for his appearances with the Virginia City Players, Montana’s oldest summer stock company, specializing in authentic 19th century entertainment. Among Simon’s many stage appearances are "The Brewery Follies", "A Midsummer Night's Dream" with Kelie McIver, "Romeo and Juliet," "Taming of the Shrew," and Mark Ringer’s production of "The Alchemist" at the Globe Playhouse. He is a frequent presenter at the Golden Raspberry Awards ceremony.

neg: Martin Milner Martin Sam Milner (December 28, 1931 – September 6, 2015) was an American film, stage, radio and television actor. Milner is known for his performances on two television series: "Route 66", which aired on CBS from 1960 to 1964, and "Adam-12", which aired on NBC from 1968 to 1975.

neg: Trent Lewis Thomas Trent Lewis II (born 16 November 1979), known professionally as Trent Lewis, is an American actor.

neg: Andrew Keegan Andrew Keegan (born January 29, 1979) is an American actor best known for his roles in television shows including "Party of Five" and "7th Heaven" and in films such as "10 Things I Hate about You", "The Broken Hearts Club" (2000) and "O" (2001).

neg: Paul Simon (politician) Paul Martin Simon (November 29, 1928 – December 9, 2003) was an American politician from Illinois. He served in the United States House of Representatives from 1975 to 1985, and in the United States Senate from 1985 to 1997. A member of the Democratic Party, he unsuccessfully ran for the 1988 Democratic presidential nomination.

neg: Sam Melville (actor) Samuel Gardner "Sam" Melville (August 20, 1936 – March 9, 1989) was an American actor who appeared as a guest star on many popular television programs of the 1960s and 1970s. He portrayed Officer Mike Danko in four seasons of Aaron Spelling's ABC series, "The Rookies", and The Bear in the classic 1978 surfing movie, "Big Wednesday", with Celia Kaye as his unnamed "bride."

neg: Paul Benedict Paul Benedict (September 17, 1938 – December 1, 2008) was an American actor who made numerous appearances in television and movies beginning in 1965. He was known for his roles as The Number Painter on the popular PBS children's show "Sesame Street", and as the English neighbor Harry Bentley on the CBS sitcom "The Jeffersons".

neg: Britain Simons Britain Simons is an American actor known for his appearance on Disney's "" and the Lifetime original film "Online Abduction" (aka "Cyber Case") distributed by MarVista Entertainment. He began doing commercials in 2014 with his first appearance in a spot for Pappa Rollo's Pizza produced by Time Warner Cable while still attending university. He has continued his professional career in Hollywood, CA by starring in independent films such as "Surgey", television appearances on Disney Channel, Lifetime Television and Investigation Discovery, and commercials for Honda and Walmart. Simons made a transition from regional theater to film in 2014. Simons earned his a B.F.A. in Theatre Studies from Baylor University (2014) as a Daniels Fund Scholar. In the spring of 2013, he studied with the National Theater Institute (NTI) at the The Eugene O'Neill Theater Center in Waterford, Connecticut. He also appeared in the music video "90s by Nature" by Showtek with over 4.5 million views and the music video for Calum Scott's hit single "Dancing on My Own" with over 41 million views!


query: Lisa Smith-Batchen was the first American to win  Marathon des Sables a six day marathon that spans how long of a distance?

pos: Lisa Smith-Batchen Lisa Smith-Batchen is an ultramarathon runner and ironman competitor. She was the first American to win Marathon des Sables.

pos: Marathon des Sables Marathon des Sables, or MdS, (French for Marathon of the Sands, also known as Sahara Marathon) is a six-day, 251 km ultramarathon, which is approximately the distance of six regular marathons. The longest single stage (2009) is 91 km long.

neg: Malibu Stakes The Malibu Stakes is a race for three-year-old thoroughbred horses of either gender held each December at Santa Anita Park in Arcadia, California. The race is at a distance of seven furlongs" and is the first leg of Santa Anita Park's Strub Series.

neg: Six-day racing A six or six-day is a track cycling race that lasts six days. Six-day races started in Britain, spread to many regions of the world, were brought to their modern style in the United States and are now mainly a European event. Initially, individuals competed alone, the winner being the individual who completed the most laps. However, the format was changed to allow teams (usually of two riders each), one rider racing while the other rested. The 24-hours a day regime has also been relaxed, so that most six-day races involve six nights of racing, typically from 6pm to 2am, on indoor tracks (velodromes).

neg: Little Rock Marathon The Little Rock Marathon, started in 2003, is an annual marathon held in Little Rock, Arkansas. The event, which is traditionally held the First Weekend of March each year, is intended to encourage better health and fitness and to raise funds for Little Rock Parks & Recreation. The goal of the event is to hold a community supported and nationally recognized marathon that promotes tourism in Arkansas and showcases the superior organizational efforts of its staff, sponsors and volunteers, while attracting athletes of all ages and abilities. Participants come from all 50 states and 14 different countries. In January 2016, Runner’s World named the Little Rock Marathon as a “Bucket List Race: 10 Great Marathons for First-Timers”. It also ranked #5 on American Town Media's "The Dream 26: The Best and Most Unique Marathons In America" list.

neg: Illinois Marathon The Illinois Marathon is a for-profit marathon which was held for the first time on April 11, 2009 in Champaign, Illinois. This was to be the first marathon ever held in Champaign. The course is very flat and it was expected to produce fast times, with only 85 ft of elevation change. The event included five different races. Christie Clinic has been named the title sponsor of the Illinois Marathon for the next five years. The races offered were:

neg: Tour of Missouri The Tour of Missouri was a professional road bicycle racing stage race in Missouri that started on September 11, 2007 with six days of racing. The organizers, who also run the Tour de Georgia and the Amgen Tour of California, billed it as the third highest profile race in the United States.

neg: Bob Hodge (athlete) Robert J. "Bob" Hodge (born 1955) is an American distance runner who came third in the 1979 Boston Marathon with a time of 2:12:30. He has also won the Mount Washington Road Race (1976–1980, 1985 and 1987), the Bay to Breakers Road Race in San Francisco (1979), and the Beppu-Ōita Marathon in Japan (1982). His personal best time was his second-place finish at the 1980 Nike OTC Marathon in Eugene, OR at 2:10:59.

neg: Ana Gutiérrez Ana Gutiérrez (born September 18, 1961) is a long-distance runner who represents the United States Virgin Islands. She competed in the women's marathon at the 1992 Summer Olympics.

neg: Fiona Oakes Fiona Oakes is a British marathon runner, who holds three world records for marathon running. In 2013, she won both the Antarctic Ice Marathon and the North Pole Marathon. She runs despite losing a knee cap from an illness when she was 17. Fiona has been vegan since 6 years old. She runs Tower Hill Stables Animal Sanctuary and is a patron of the Captive Animals Protection Society.

neg: Frederick Lorz Frederick "Fred" Lorz (June 5, 1884 – February 4, 1914) was an American long distance runner who won the 1905 Boston Marathon. Lorz is also known for his "finish" in the marathon at the 1904 Summer Olympics.

neg: 2010 Chicago Marathon The 2010 Chicago Marathon took place on Sunday, October 10, 2010. Over 38,000 runners took part, the most in the race's history.

neg: Utah Grand Slam The Utah Grand Slam is an annual competition held throughout the state of Utah in which participants run a series of four marathons throughout the calendar year. The man and woman with the lowest net time for all four races is declared the winner. There are additional prizes for winners within each age group. The series consists of five marathons: four primary races and one alternate if a runner cannot participate in a primary race.

neg: Marathon Stakes The Marathon Stakes, formerly known as the Breeders' Cup Marathon, is a Grade II American Thoroughbred horse race is a Set Weights with allowances race open to horses three years old and up, and contested on dirt at a distance of 1 ⁄ miles. The race has a purse of US$200,000.

neg: Krissy Moehl Kristin "Krissy" Moehl (born October 27, 1977) is an American ultramarathon athlete who specializes in trail running. In 2005, Moehl became the youngest woman to complete the Grand Slam of Ultrarunning, which included a gold medal at the Vermont 100 Mile Endurance Run. She set the women's record for the Hardrock Hundred Mile Endurance Run in 2007. Moehl has won several ultramarathons, including the Ultra-Trail du Mont-Blanc in 2003 and 2009, the Wasatch Front 100 Mile Endurance Run in 2004, and the Ultra-Trail Mt. Fuji in 2013. Krissy Moehl published a book "Running Your First Ultra: Customizable Training Plans for Your First 50K to 100-mile Race" in November 2015. She is the race director for the Chuckanut 50k in Fairhaven, Washington.

neg: Ron Tabb Ron Tabb (born August 7, 1954) is a retired male long-distance runner from the United States, who competed in the late 1970s and early 1980s in the men's marathon. He won the 1981 edition of the Paris Marathon ex-æquo with England's Dave Cannon. He won the 1983 Beijing Marathon and competed at the 1983 World Championships in Athletics later that year, finishing in 18th place overall.

neg: Marathon (media) A marathon is an event in which viewers or readers engage many hours-worth of media (film, television, books, YouTube videos etc.) in a condensed time period. This phrase represents a two-fold shift from binge-watch in that it incorporates other media (not just television) and it reduces the negative connotations associated with bingeing. In the 2014 book "Media Marathoning: Immersions in Morality," Lisa Perks describes media marathoning as a “comprehensive and complimentary phrase” that “connotes a conjoined triumph of commitment and stamina. This phrase also captures viewers’ or readers’ engrossment, effort, and sense of accomplishment surrounding their media interaction.” Netflix Executive Todd Yellin is quoted as saying "I don't like the term 'binge,' because it sounds almost pathological. 'Marathon' sounds more celebratory."

neg: 2014 New York City Marathon The 44th New York City Marathon took place on November 2, 2014. It was won by Wilson Kipsang of Kenya with a time of 2:10:59 and Mary Keitany of Kenya with a time of 2:25:07. It was the largest marathon ever, with a record number of 50869 starters and 50564 finishers, and an average finish time of 4:34:45. With 50,564 finishers, the 2014 New York City Marathon broke the record for most finishers.

neg: 2012 Chicago Marathon The 2012 Chicago Marathon was the 35th edition of the annual marathon race in Chicago, Illinois and was held on Sunday, October 7. An IAAF Gold Label Road Race, it was the fourth and final World Marathon Majors event to be held that year. Tsegaye Kebede won the men's race in a course record of 2:04:38 hours and Atsede Baysa was the women's winner in a personal best of 2:22:03. A total of 37455 runners finished the race (20688 men, 16767 women).

neg: Osunitas Stakes The Osunitas Stakes is an American Thoroughbred horse race held annually during the third week of July at Del Mar Racetrack in Del Mar, California. Open to fillies and mares age three and older, it is raced on turf over a distance of a mile and one sixteenth.

neg: Michael Wardian Michael Wardian (born April 12, 1974) is an American marathoner and ultra-marathoner. He won the 2008, 2009 and 2010 US 50 km championships. In 2008, he won the U.S. National 100 km championship. Wardian also is the 2007 JFK 50 Mile winner, and won the National Marathon (now known as the Rock 'n' Roll USA Marathon) in Washington D.C. three consecutive years (2006–2008), and in 2010, 2011 and 2012.

neg: Jen Toomey Jennifer "Jen" Toomey (born December 19, 1971) is an American middle-distance runner who won three US national titles, broke an American record, and was a world ranked runner from 2001 to 2006.


query: Iskushuban is a small town in the northeastern Bari provinceof a country that is located in the horn of what?

pos: Iskushuban Iskushuban (Somali: "Iskushubaan" ) is a small town in the northeastern Bari province of Somalia. A historical settlement, it is situated in the autonomous Puntland state.

pos: Somalia Somalia ( ; Somali: "Soomaaliya" ; Arabic: الصومال  "aṣ-Ṣūmāl "), officially the Federal Republic of Somalia (Somali: Jamhuuriyadda Federaalka Soomaaliya , Arabic: جمهورية الصومال الفيدرالية  "Jumhūrīyat aṣ-Ṣūmāl al-Fidirālīyah "), is a country located in the Horn of Africa. It is bordered by Ethiopia to the west, Djibouti to the northwest, the Gulf of Aden to the north, the Indian Ocean to the east, and Kenya to the southwest. Somalia has the longest coastline on Africa's mainland, and its terrain consists mainly of plateaus, plains and highlands. Climatically, hot conditions prevail year-round, with periodic monsoon winds and irregular rainfall.

neg: Khuban, Yemen Khuban is a village in south-western Yemen. It is located in the Abyan Governorate.

neg: Wadai Empire The Wadai Empire or Sultanate (Arabic: سلطنة وداي  , French: "royaume du Ouaddaï" ; 1635–1912) was a kingdom located to the east of Lake Chad in present-day Chad and in the Central African Republic. It emerged in the sixteenth century as an offshoot of the Sultanate of Darfur (in present-day Sudan) to the northeast of the Kingdom of Baguirmi.

neg: Port of Djibouti The Port of Djibouti is a port in Djibouti City, the capital of Djibouti. It is strategically located at the crossroads of one of the busiest shipping routes in the world, linking Europe, the Far East, the Horn of Africa and the Persian Gulf. The port serves as a key refueling and transshipment center, and is the principal maritime outlet for imports to and exports from neighboring Ethiopia.

neg: Halban Halban is a village in Muscat, in northeastern Oman. Halban is the home of the German University of Technology in Oman (GUtech).

neg: Geography of Yemen Yemen is located in Southwest Asia at the southern tip of the Arabian Peninsula between Oman and Saudi Arabia. It is situated at the entrance to the Bab-el-Mandeb Strait, which links the Red Sea to the Indian Ocean (via the Gulf of Aden) and is one of the most active and strategic shipping lanes in the world. Yemen has an area of 527970 km2 , including the islands of Perim at the southern end of the Red Sea and Socotra at the entrance to the Gulf of Aden. Yemen's land boundaries total 1746 km . Yemen borders Saudi Arabia to the north (1458 km ) and Oman to the northeast (288 km ).

neg: Kanem–Bornu Empire The Kanem–Bornu Empire was an empire that existed in modern Chad and Nigeria. It was known to the Arabian geographers as the Kanem Empire from the 9th century AD onward and lasted as the independent kingdom of Bornu until 1900. At its height it encompassed an area covering not only much of Chad, but also parts of modern southern Libya, eastern Niger, northeastern Nigeria and northern Cameroon. The history of the Empire in the "longue durée" is mainly known from the Royal Chronicle or "Girgam" discovered in 1851 by the German traveller Heinrich Barth.

neg: Geography of Burkina Faso Burkina Faso (formerly Upper Volta) is a landlocked Sahel country that shares borders with six nations. It lies between the Sahara desert and the Gulf of Guinea, south of the loop of the Niger River, mostly between latitudes 9° and 15°N (a small area is north of 15°), and longitudes 6°W and 3°E. The land is green in the south, with forests and fruit trees, and desert in the north. Most of central Burkina Faso lies on a savanna plateau, 198 - above sea level, with fields, brush, and scattered trees. Burkina Faso's game preserves—the most important of which are Arly, Nazinga, and W National Park—contain lions, elephants, hippopotamus, monkeys, common warthogs, and antelopes. Previously the endangered painted hunting dog, "Lycaon pictus" occurred in Burkina Faso, but, although the last sightings were made in Arli National Park, the species is considered extirpated from Burkina Faso. Tourism is not well developed.

neg: Çanakkale Province Çanakkale Province (Turkish: "" ) is a province of Turkey, located in the northwestern part of the country. It takes its name from the town of Çanakkale.

neg: Hadhrami Arabic Hadhrami Arabic, or Ḥaḍrami Arabic, is a variety of Arabic spoken by the Hadhrami people ("Ḥaḍārima") living in the Hadhramaut. It is also spoken by many emigrants, who migrated from the Hadhramaut to the Horn of Africa (Somalia and Eritrea), East Africa (Comoros, Zanzibar, Kenya, Tanzania, and Mozambique), Southeast Asia (Indonesia, Malaysia, Brunei and Singapore) and, recently, to the other Arab states of the Persian Gulf. Below is a brief account of the different linguistic levels of the dialect.

neg: Lebanon Lebanon ( ; Arabic: لبنان  "Lubnān" ; ] ; French: "Liban" ), officially known as the Lebanese Republic (Arabic: الجمهورية اللبنانية  "al-Jumhūrīyah al-Lubnānīyah" ; ] ; French: "République libanaise" ), is a sovereign state in Western Asia. It is bordered by Syria to the north and east and Israel to the south, while Cyprus is west across the Mediterranean Sea. Lebanon's location at the crossroads of the Mediterranean Basin and the Arabian hinterland facilitated its rich history and shaped a cultural identity of religious and ethnic diversity. At just 10,452 km (4,036 sq. mi.), it is the smallest recognized country on the entire mainland Asian continent.

neg: Northeast Africa Northeast Africa is a geographical region in Africa.

neg: West Java West Java (Indonesian: "Jawa Barat" , abbreviated as "Jabar", Sundanese: "ᮏᮝ ᮊᮥᮜᮧᮔ᮪" ) is a province of Indonesia. It is located in the western part of the island of Java and its capital and largest urban center is Bandung, although much of its population in the northwest corner of the province live in areas suburban to the even larger urban area of Jakarta, even though that city itself lies outside the administrative province. The province's population is 46.3 million (in 2014) and it is the most populous of Indonesia's provinces.

neg: Shebelle Valley The Shebelle Valley (Somali: "Dooxada Shabeelle" ), also spelled Shabeelle Valley, is a valley in the Horn of Africa.

neg: Tanzania Tanzania ( ), officially the United Republic of Tanzania (Swahili: "Jamhuri ya Muungano wa Tanzania" ), is a country in eastern Africa within the African Great Lakes region. It borders Kenya and Uganda to the north; Rwanda, Burundi, and the Democratic Republic of the Congo to the west; Zambia, Malawi, and Mozambique to the south; and the Indian Ocean to the east. Mount Kilimanjaro, Africa's highest mountain, is in north-eastern Tanzania.

neg: Cape Horn Biosphere Reserve The Cape Horn Biosphere Reserve (Cabo de Hornos Biosphere Reserve) is located in the extreme south of Chile and comprises marine areas, islands, fjords, channels, forests and moorland. It covers an area of approximately 49000 km2 . All biosphere reserves include core zones (no significant infrastructure development), buffer zones (light development) and transition zones (more traditional development under a sustainable rubric). In the case of Cape Horn Biosphere Reserve, the core zone is constituted of Alberto de Agostini National Park and Cabo de Hornos National Park, which are strictly protected under Chilean law and under the biosphere reserve status cannot have infrastructure for lodging.

neg: Mali Mali ( ; ] ), officially the Republic of Mali (French: "République du Mali" ), is a landlocked country in West Africa. Mali is the eighth-largest country in Africa, with an area of just over 1240000 sqkm . The population of Mali is /1e6 round 1 million. Its capital is Bamako. Mali consists of eight regions and its borders on the north reach deep into the middle of the Sahara Desert, while the country's southern part, where the majority of inhabitants live, features the Niger and Senegal rivers. The country's economy centers on agriculture and fishing. Some of Mali's prominent natural resources include gold, being the third largest producer of gold in the African continent, and salt. About half the population lives below the international poverty line of $1.25 (U.S.) a day. A majority of the population (90%) are Muslims.

neg: Cameroon Cameroon ( ; French: "Cameroun" ), officially the Republic of Cameroon (French: "République du Cameroun" ), is a country in Central Africa. It is bordered by Nigeria to the west; Chad to the northeast; the Central African Republic to the east; and Equatorial Guinea, Gabon and the Republic of the Congo to the south. Cameroon's coastline lies on the Bight of Biafra, part of the Gulf of Guinea and the Atlantic Ocean.

neg: Haud Haud (or Hawd; Amharic: ሓውድ) is a region of thorn-bush and grasslands in the Horn of Africa.It includes the eastern side Somali region of Ethiopia or it means south Somaliland.

neg: Outline of Ethiopia Ethiopia is a landlocked sovereign country located in the Horn of Africa. Ethiopia is bordered by Eritrea to the north, Sudan to the west, South Sudan to the south-west, Kenya to the south, Somalia to the east and Djibouti to the north-east. Ethiopia is one of the oldest countries in the world and Africa's second-most populous nation. Ethiopia has yielded some of humanity's oldest traces, making the area important in the history of human evolution. Recent studies claim that the vicinity of present-day Addis Ababa was the point from which human beings migrated around the world. Ethiopian dynastic history traditionally began with the reign of Emperor Menelik I in 1000 BC. The roots of the Ethiopian state are similarly deep, dating with unbroken continuity to at least the Aksumite Empire (which adopted the name "Ethiopia" in the 4th century) and its predecessor state, D`mt (with early 1st millennium BC roots). After a period of decentralized power in the 18th and early 19th centuries known as the Zemene Mesafint ("Era of the Judges/Princes"), the country was reunited in 1855 by Kassa Hailu, who became Emperor Tewodros II, beginning Ethiopia's modern history. Ethiopia's borders underwent significant territorial expansion to its modern borders for the rest of the century, especially by Emperor Menelik II and Ras Gobena, culminating in its victory over the Italians at the Battle of Adwa in 1896 with the military leadership of Ras Makonnen, and ensuring its sovereignty and freedom from colonization. It was brutally occupied by Benito Mussolini's Fascist Italy from 1936 to 1941, ending with its liberation by British Empire and Ethiopian Patriot forces.

neg: Waiye District Waiye District is a district in the northeastern Bari region of Somalia. Its capital lies at Waiye.


query: Floigan Bros. is a video game developed by Visual Concepts released on July 30, 2001 by Sega, it starred Frank Welker as the voices of the title characters, he's an American actor, who for most of his career has specialized as a voice actor, and best known for his role as who, from the "Scooby-Doo" franchise since its conception in 1969?

pos: Floigan Bros. Floigan Bros. is a video game developed by Visual Concepts released on July 30, 2001 by Sega. It starred Jason Marsden and Frank Welker as the voices of the title characters.

pos: Frank Welker Franklin Wendell Welker (born March 12, 1946) is an American actor, who for most of his career has specialized as a voice actor. He is best known for his role as Fred Jones from the "Scooby-Doo" franchise since its conception in 1969, as the only original voice actor still with the "Scooby-Doo" franchise, along with the voice of Megatron in the "Transformers" franchise, specifically "Transformers G1" and "", as well as Scooby-Doo since 2002. He is also well known as both the vocal effects and the voice of Nibbler in "Futurama".

neg: Scott Grimes Scott Richard Grimes (born July 9, 1971) is an American actor, voice artist, singer, and songwriter. Some of his most prominent roles include appearances in "ER" as Dr. Archie Morris, "Party of Five" as Will McCorkle, "Band of Brothers" as Technical Sergeant Donald Malarkey, and the animated sitcom "American Dad!", voicing Steve Smith. He is also well known by cult movie fans for his role as Bradley Brown in the first two "Critters" films. As of September 10, 2017, he has been cast as a regular on the Fox sci-fi series, "The Orville".

neg: Krusty the Clown Herschel Shmoikel Pinchas Yerucham Krustofsky, better known as Krusty the Clown (sometimes spelled as Krusty the Klown), is a cartoon character in the animated television series "The Simpsons". He is voiced by Dan Castellaneta. He is the long-time clown host of Bart and Lisa's favorite TV show, a combination of kiddie variety television hijinks and cartoons including "The Itchy & Scratchy Show". Krusty is often portrayed as a cynical, burnt-out, addiction-riddled smoker who is made miserable by show business but continues on anyway. He has become one of the most common characters outside of the main Simpson family and has been the focus of several episodes, most of which also spotlight Bart.

neg: Goopy Geer Goopy Geer is an animated cartoon character in the "Looney Tunes" and "Merrie Melodies" series of cartoons from Warner Bros.

neg: Alan Hale Jr. Alan Hale Jr. (born Alan Hale MacKahan, March 8, 1921 – January 2, 1990) was an American film, stage, character and television actor and restaurateur. Hale Jr. was the son of character actor Alan Hale Sr. Hale Jr.'s television career, which spanned four decades, was most noted for his co-starring role on the 1960s series "Gilligan's Island". He also appeared on several talk and variety shows.

neg: Eddie Frierson Edward Davies "Eddie" Frierson (born November 22, 1959) is an American voice actor and stage actor He has provided voices for such films as "Wreck-It Ralph, Hotel Transylvania, The Princess and the Frog, ParaNorman, Curious George, Tangled," the video games and and the animated television series "MÄR: Märchen Awakens Romance" but is perhaps best known for playing Baseball Hall of Fame pitcher Christy Mathewson in the one-man show "Matty: An Evening with Christy Mathewson".

neg: J. B. Smoove Jerry Angelo Brooks (born December 16, 1965), widely known as JB Smoove, is an American actor, writer, comedian, and voice actor. He began his career on "Def Comedy Jam" in 1995, and is known for his recurring role as Leon on the HBO series "Curb Your Enthusiasm". Smoove joined the Season 2 cast of the Fox sitcom "'Til Death" in 2008, and was promoted to the main cast for Season 3. He also starred on the CBS sitcom "The Millers" from 2013–2015. He currently portrays a fictionalized version of himself on the BET improv-comedy reality television parody "Real Husbands of Hollywood".

neg: Arthur Q. Bryan Arthur Quirk Bryan (May 8, 1899 – November 18, 1959) was an American actor, voice actor, comedian and radio personality, remembered best for his longtime recurring role as well-spoken, wisecracking Dr. Gamble on the radio comedy "Fibber McGee and Molly" and for creating the voice of the Warner Brothers cartoon character Elmer Fudd.

neg: Tony Rosato Antonio "Tony" Rosato (December 26, 1954 – January 10, 2017) was an Italian-Canadian actor, voice actor and comedian who appeared in television and films in both Canada and the United States, he was best known for voicing Nemesis in the video game "" and for voicing Luigi in "The Adventures of Super Mario Bros. 3" and "Super Mario World".

neg: Bill Lobley Bill Lobley (born November 11, 1960 in Bronxville, New York) is an American comic actor known for his work in animation, commercials, and voiceovers for film, radio, and television; including the one time voice of the Parkay Margarine Tub, Adult Swim's "Sealab 2021", and many best selling video games.

neg: Michael Forest Gerald Michael Charlebois (born April 17, 1929), better known as Michael Forest, is an American actor who provides the voices for many animated titles. At the age of 71, he played the voice of Prince Olympius in "Power Rangers Lightspeed Rescue". In his earlier years, Michael was a film and television actor, notably playing the part of Apollo in the 1967 "" episode "Who Mourns for Adonais?" and most recently reprised this role in the "Star Trek Continues" episode "Pilgrim of Eternity" 47 years later.

neg: Casey Kasem Kemal Amin "Casey" Kasem (April 27, 1932 – June 15, 2014) was an American disc jockey, music historian, radio personality, voice actor, and actor, known for being the host of several music radio countdown programs, most notably "American Top 40", from 1970 until his retirement in 2009, and for providing the voice of Norville "Shaggy" Rogers in the "Scooby-Doo" franchise from 1969 to 1997, and again from 2002 until 2009.

neg: Barry Corbin Leonard Barrie Corbin, known as Barry Corbin (born October 16, 1940), is an American actor with more than 100 film, television, and video game credits.

neg: Steven Rattazzi Steven Rattazzi is an American actor. He provides the voice for the character of Doctor Byron Orpheus on the Adult Swim animated series "The Venture Bros." He has also done some Off-Off-Broadway shows.

neg: Andre Stojka Andre Stojka (born June 21, 1935) is an American voice actor. He is best known for his role as Owl in the Winnie-the-Pooh franchise beginning with "Winnie the Pooh Playtime: Detective Tigger", inheriting the role from Hal Smith.

neg: André Sogliuzzo André Sogliuzzo (born August 10, 1966) is an American voice actor, and actor. He is well known for his voice over work in video games, movies and TV shows. He is also known for voicing Camo and Voodood in the Skylanders franchise and provided additional voices for ", Call of Duty, , , Doom 3, , Fantastic Four, , , , , Gothic 3, Spider-Man 3, , , Assassin's Creed II, , Singularity, , , , , , The Darkness II, Prototype 2, Diablo III, The Secret World, , Elder Scrolls Online, Phineas and Ferb" and "Mafia III".

neg: Zevi Wolmark Zevi Wolmark (born August 19, 1962) is an American film and theatre actor and artist. His on-screen career was at its peak in the late 1980s and early 1990s. He is chiefly known for his appearance in the 1988 TV Series "Superboy" as well as for lending his voice to the animated TV Series C.O.P.S.

neg: Gregg Berger Greggory "Gregg" Berger (born December 10, 1950) is an American voice actor, who is known for his iconic role as Odie from the "Garfield" franchise. His other roles include Jecht from the Final Fantasy franchise, Grimlock from "The Transformers", Mysterio and Kraven the Hunter from "", Cornfed Pig from "Duckman", Agent Kay from "", The Gromble from "Aaahh!!! Real Monsters", Captain Blue from "Viewtiful Joe", Eeyore from "Kingdom Hearts II", Hunter the Cheetah from "Spyro The Dragon", and The Thing from "".

neg: Gérard Hernandez Gérard Hernandez (born January 20, 1933) is a Spanish-born French film, television and voice actor. He was born in Valladolid, Spain and was naturalized French only in 1975. He is mostly famous for his mustache and for having voiced several cartoon characters, including Gonzo in the French dubbed version of "The Muppet Show", Professor Moriarty in the French dubbed version of "Sherlock Hound", Papa Smurf and Grouchy Smurf in the French dubbed version of "The Smurfs" (1981) and the film of the same name.

neg: Kevin Corrigan Kevin Fitzgerald Corrigan (born March 27, 1969) is an American actor. He has appeared mostly in independent films and television since the 1990s, including the role of Uncle Eddie on the sitcom "Grounded for Life" (2001–2005). His film appearances have included a supporting role in "The Departed" (2006) and co-starring roles in "Big Fan" (2009) and "Results" (2015).

neg: R. Lee Ermey Ronald Lee Ermey (born March 24, 1944), known professionally as R. Lee Ermey, or even Lee Ermey, is an American actor and voice actor, best known for his role as Gunnery Sergeant Hartman in "Full Metal Jacket", which earned him a Golden Globe Award nomination for Best Supporting Actor. He is a former United States Marine Corps staff sergeant and an honorary gunnery sergeant; during his tenure in the U.S. Marine Corps, he served as a drill instructor.


query: What proportion of California residents supported creation of a bioregion and proposed country in western region of North America.

pos: Partition and secession in California California, the most populous state in the United States and third largest in area, has been the subject of more than 220 proposals to divide it into multiple states since its admission to the United States in 1850 including at least 27 significant proposals in the first 150 years of statehood. In addition, there have been some calls for the secession of certain states or large regions in the American West (such as the proposal of Cascadia) which often include parts of Northern California. One-third of California residents in a 2016–2017 poll supported peacefully seceding from the United States, up from 20% since 2014.

pos: Cascadia (independence movement) Cascadia is a bioregion and proposed country located within the western region of North America. Potential boundaries differ, with some drawn along existing political state and provincial lines, and others drawn along larger ecological, cultural, political, and economic boundaries.

neg: California City, California California City is a city incorporated in 1965 in the northern Antelope Valley in Kern County, California, 65 mi southwest of Death Valley National Park. The population was 14,120 at the 2010 census making California City the 331st largest city in the state by population. Covering 203.631 sqmi , the city is the third largest city in the state by area.

neg: Mormon Corridor The Mormon Corridor is the area of Western North America that were settled between 1850 and approximately 1890 by members of The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints (LDS Church), who are commonly known as Mormons.

neg: Rocky Mountain Floristic Region The Rocky Mountain Floristic Region, also known as the Rocky Mountain Floristic Province, is a floristic region within the Holarctic Kingdom in western North America (Canada and the United States) delineated by Armen Takhtajan and Robert F. Thorne. The region extends from Kodiak Island in Alaska to the San Francisco Bay Area and Sierra Nevada in California. The Vancouverian Province comprises the coastal part of the region for its entire length, including the Pacific Coast Ranges, and the Rocky Mountain Province includes the Rocky Mountains and associated ranges. There are no endemic plant families in the region but many endemic genera and species.

neg: Northern California Northern California, often abbreviated NorCal, is the northern portion of the U.S. state of California. Spanning the state's northernmost 48 counties, in contrast to the 10 counties of Southern California, its main population centers include the San Francisco Bay Area (anchored by the cities of San Francisco, San Jose, and Oakland), the Greater Sacramento area (anchored by the state capital Sacramento), and the Metropolitan Fresno area (anchored by the city of Fresno). Northern California also contains redwood forests, along with the Sierra Nevada, including Yosemite Valley and part of Lake Tahoe, Mount Shasta (the second-highest peak in the Cascade Range after Mount Rainier in Washington), and most of the Central Valley, one of the world's most productive agricultural regions.

neg: Mendocino County GMO Ban Mendocino County, California, was the first jurisdiction in the United States to ban the cultivation, production or distribution of genetically modified organisms (GMOs). The ordinance, entitled Measure H, was passed by referendum on March 2, 2004. Initiated by the group "GMO Free Mendocino", the campaign was a highly publicized grassroots effort by local farmers and environmental groups who contend that the potential risks of GMOs to human health and the ecosystem have not yet been fully understood. The measure was met with opposition by several interest groups representing the biotechnology industry, The California Plant Health Association (now the Western Plant Health Association) and CropLife America, a Washington-based consortium whose clients represent some of the largest food distributors in the nation, including Monsanto, DuPont and Dow Chemical. Since the enactment of the ordinance, Mendocino County has been added to an international list of "GMO free zones." Pre-emptive statutes banning local municipalities from such ordinances have now become widespread with adoption in sixteen states.

neg: Northern Rockies Ecosystem Protection Act The Northern Rocky Mountains ecosystem in the United States is known by ecologists, biologists, and naturalists as one of the last areas of the contiguous United States that is relatively undeveloped enough and large enough to support a functioning ecosystem. The Northern Rockies Ecosystem Protection Act is designed to protect this ecosystem and the many threatened and endangered species such as grizzly bears (threatened), bull trout (threatened), sockeye salmon (endangered only in Snake River Evolutionary Significant Unit, secure elsewhere), and Canadian lynx (threatened only in lower U.S. 48 states, secure elsewhere), while creating jobs that restore old roads and clear cuts. The Alliance for the Wild Rockies based in Helena, Montana has been campaigning for the legislation for two decades with the help of numerous Congresspersons, celebrities, and grassroots groups such as the Sierra Club and the Wilderness Society. The legislation has been introduced and discussed in Congress five times since 1993, most recently in November 2011 with 34 co-sponsors by December 2012.

neg: Mesoamerican Biological Corridor The Mesoamerican Biological Corridor (MBC) is a region that consists of Belize, Guatemala, El Salvador, Honduras, Nicaragua, Costa Rica, Panama, and some southern states of Mexico. The area acts as a natural land bridge from South America to North America, which is important for species who use the bridge in migration. Due to the extensive unique habitat types, Mesoamerica contains somewhere between 7 and 10% of the world’s known species.

neg: Politics of California before 1900 The short-lived declaration of an independent California Republic in 1846 was followed 25 days later by the onset of the Mexican-American War. After the resulting conquest of Alta California by United States military forces and American volunteers, California was administered by the U.S. military from 1846 to 1850. Local government continued to be run by "alcaldes" (mayors) in most places, as they had been under Mexican control; but now some were Americans.

neg: Mohave people Mohave or Mojave (Mojave: 'Aha Makhav) are a Native American people indigenous to the Colorado River in the Mojave Desert. The Fort Mojave Indian Reservation includes territory within the borders of California, Arizona, and Nevada. The Colorado River Indian Reservation includes parts of California and Arizona and is shared by members of the Chemehuevi, Hopi, and Navajo peoples.

neg: Los Angeles Los Angeles ( ; Spanish for "The Angels"; ] ), officially the City of Los Angeles and often known by its initials L.A., is the cultural, financial, and commercial center of Southern California. With a U.S. Census-estimated 2016 population of 3,976,322, it is the second most populous city in the United States (after New York City) and the most populous city in the state of California. Located in a large coastal basin surrounded on three sides by mountains reaching up to and over 10000 ft , Los Angeles covers an area of about 469 sqmi . The city is also the seat of Los Angeles County, the most populated county in the country. Los Angeles is the center of the Los Angeles metropolitan area, with 13,131,431 residents, and is part of the larger designated Los Angeles-Long Beach combined statistical area (CSA), the second most populous in the nation with a 2015 estimated population of 18.7 million.

neg: Westward Expansion Trails In the American Old West, overland trails were popular means of travel used by pioneers and immigrants throughout the 19th century and especially between 1830 and 1870 as an alternative to sea and railroad transport. These immigrants began to settle various regions of North America west of the Great Plains as part of the mass overland migrations of the mid-19th century. Settlers emigrating from the eastern United States were spurred by various motives, among them religious persecution, economic incentives, and the prospect of new wealth and new freedoms in what was then a largely unspoiled and unregulated country. By the 1840s, several popular and well-established routes had been blazed through the continental interior to destinations in the far west, including the Oregon Trail, California Trail, and Mormon Trail. After the end of the Mexican–American War in 1849, vast new American conquests again enticed mass immigration. Legislation like the Donation Land Claim Act and significant events like the California Gold Rush further lured colonists to travel overland to the west.

neg: Paleontology in California Paleontology in California refers to paleontological research occurring within or conducted by people from the U.S. state of California. California contains rocks of almost every age from the Precambrian to the Recent. Precambrian fossils are present but rare in California.

neg: Cascade–Siskiyou National Monument The Cascade–Siskiyou National Monument is a national monument that protects 86,774 acre of forest and grasslands at the junction of the Cascade Range and the Siskiyou Mountains in southwestern Oregon and northwestern California, United States. The monument is managed by the Bureau of Land Management as part of the National Landscape Conservation System and was established in a presidential proclamation by President Bill Clinton on June 9, 2000.

neg: List of North American deserts This list of North American deserts identifies areas of the continent that receive less than 10 in annual precipitation. The "North American Desert" is also the term for a large U.S. Level 1 ecoregion (EPA) of the North American Cordillera, in the Deserts and xeric shrublands biome (WWF). The continent's deserts are largely between the Rocky Mountains and Sierra Madre Oriental on the east, and the rain shadow-creating Sierra Nevada, Transverse, and Peninsular Ranges on the west. The North American xeric region of over 95751 sqmi includes: three major deserts; numerous smaller deserts; and large non-desert arid regions; in the western United States and in northeast, central, and northwest Mexico.

neg: Mojave Desert The Mojave Desert ( , or ) is an arid rain-shadow desert and the driest desert in North America. It is located in the southwestern United States, primarily within southeastern California and southern Nevada, and it occupies a total of 47877 mi2 . Very small areas also extend into Utah and Arizona. Its boundaries are generally noted by the presence of Joshua trees, which are native only to the Mojave Desert and are considered an indicator species, and it is believed to support an additional 1,750 to 2,000 species of plants. The central part of the desert is sparsely populated, while its peripheries support large communities such as San Bernardino, Las Vegas, Lancaster, Palmdale, Victorville, and St. George.

neg: Alta California Territory Alta California Territory ("Upper California") was a 19th-century federal territory formed under the Mexican Constitution of 1824. Its boundaries corresponded with those of the preceding Spanish colonial Alta California Province. It included the territory of the present day U.S. states of California, Nevada and Utah and parts of Arizona, Wyoming, Colorado and New Mexico.

neg: Sierra Nevada bighorn sheep Sierra Nevada bighorn sheep ("Ovis canadensis sierrae") is subspecies of bighorn sheep unique to the Sierra Nevada mountains of California. A 2016 genetics study confirmed significant divergence between the three subspecies of North America's bighorn sheep: Sierra Nevada bighorn sheep, Rocky Mountain bighorn sheep and desert bighorn sheep. Sierra Nevada bighorn sheep were listed as a federally endangered subspecies in 2000. Today, about 500 Sierra bighorn remain in the wild.

neg: Political party strength in California California is largely a Democratic stronghold and one of the "big three" Democratic states in presidential elections alongside New York and Illinois.

neg: Wine Country (California) The Wine Country is an area of Northern California in the United States known worldwide as a premium wine-growing region. Viticulture and wine-making have been practiced in the region since the mid-19th century. There are over 400 wineries in the area north of San Francisco, mostly located in the area's valleys, including Napa Valley in Napa County, and the Sonoma Valley, Alexander Valley, Dry Creek Valley, Bennett Valley, and Russian River Valley in Sonoma County. Wine grapes are also grown at higher elevations, such as Atlas Peak and Mount Veeder AVAs. The region is defined not only by its viticulture, but also its ecology, geology, architecture, cuisine, and culture. The majority of the grape harvest, by both area and value, derives from Sonoma County.

neg: Oregon Coast The Oregon Coast is a region of the U.S. state of Oregon. It runs generally north–south along the Pacific Ocean, forming the western border of the state; the region is bounded to the east by the Oregon Coast Range. The Oregon Coast stretches approximately 363 mi from the Columbia River in the north to the California state border in the south. The Oregon Coast is not a specific geological, environmental, or political entity, but instead includes the entire coastline of Oregon, including the Columbia River Estuary.


query: Who was the director of NASA when a United States Marine Corps aviator circled the Earth three times?

pos: D. Brainerd Holmes Dyer Brainerd Holmes (May 24, 1921 – January 11, 2013), known professionally as D. Brainerd Holmes, was an American engineer and business executive. He was perhaps best known for directing NASA's manned spaceflight program from September 1961 to June 1963, when John Glenn made the pivotal first US orbital spaceflight, but Holmes was also the president of international defense contractor Raytheon. He retired from that post in 1986.

pos: John Glenn John Herschel Glenn Jr. (July 18, 1921 – December 8, 2016) was a United States Marine Corps aviator, engineer, astronaut, and United States Senator from Ohio. In 1962 he became the first American to orbit the Earth, circling it three times.

neg: Rex J. Walheim Rex Joseph Walheim (born October 10, 1962) is a United States Air Force officer, engineer and a NASA astronaut. He has flown three space shuttle missions, STS-110, STS-122, and STS-135. Rex has logged over 566 hours in space, including 36 hours and 23 minutes of spacewalk (EVA) time. He was assigned as mission specialist and flight engineer on STS-135, the final space shuttle mission.

neg: Apollo 10 Apollo 10 was the fourth manned mission in the United States Apollo space program, and the second (after Apollo 8) to orbit the Moon. Launched on May 18, 1969, it was the F mission: a "dress rehearsal" for the first Moon landing, testing all of the components and procedures, just short of actually landing. The Lunar Module (LM) followed a descent orbit to within 8.4 nmi of the lunar surface, at the point where powered descent for landing would normally begin. Its success enabled the first landing to be attempted on the Apollo 11 mission two months later.

neg: NASA Art Program The NASA Art Program was established in 1962 by the United States to commission artists, including Norman Rockwell and Robert Rauschenberg, for the purpose of recording history of space exploration through the eyes of artists. The first director of the Art Program was James Dean (NASA). Using artists of different mediums and genres serves the purpose of educating different audiences about NASA and space exploration. To give the artists the best experience possible, NASA allowed them unprecedented access to sites and materials. Participants were present at suit-up, launch sites, and press releases. All works, from sketches to finished products, were given to NASA for use in museums and exhibitions. The collection now includes 2,500 works by more than 350 artists.

neg: Curt Michel Frank Curtis "Curt" Michel, Ph.D. (June 5, 1934 – February 26, 2015) was an American astrophysicist; a professor of astrophysics at Rice University in Houston, Texas; a former United States Air Force pilot; and a NASA astronaut.

neg: Mike Mullane Richard Michael "Mike" Mullane (born September 10, 1945) is an engineer, a retired USAF officer and a former NASA astronaut, flying on three Space Shuttle missions.

neg: Rob Strain Robert D. "Rob" Strain is the former Director of NASA's Goddard Space Flight Center. Strain held that post from August 4, 2008, through March 5, 2012. Strain announced in January 2012 that he will retire from NASA and return to private industry.

neg: Milt Heflin James Milton Heflin Jr. (b. May 28, 1943 in Fairfax, Oklahoma) is a retired NASA official, who recently served as the associate director for technical activities at Johnson Space Center in Houston. Heflin also served as lead flight director for seven high-profile space shuttle missions, including the first to service and repair the controversial Hubble Space Telescope and three that deployed inter-planetary probes.

neg: Richard F. Gordon Jr. Richard Francis "Dick" Gordon Jr. (born October 5, 1929), (Capt, USN, Ret.), is a former American naval officer and aviator, chemist, test pilot, and NASA astronaut. He is one of only 24 people to have flown to the Moon, as the Command Module Pilot for the Apollo 12 mission.

neg: Apollo 11 Apollo 11 was the spaceflight that landed the first two humans on the Moon. Mission commander Neil Armstrong and pilot Buzz Aldrin, both American, landed the lunar module "Eagle" on July 20, 1969, at 20:18 UTC. Armstrong became the first to step onto the lunar surface six hours after landing on July 21 at 02:56:15 UTC; Aldrin joined him about 20 minutes later. They spent about two and a quarter hours together outside the spacecraft, and collected 47.5 lb of lunar material to bring back to Earth. Michael Collins piloted the command module "Columbia" alone in lunar orbit while they were on the Moon's surface. Armstrong and Aldrin spent just under a day on the lunar surface before rejoining "Columbia" in lunar orbit.

neg: Mariner 6 and 7 As part of NASA's wider Mariner program, Mariner 6 and Mariner 7 (Mariner Mars 69A and Mariner Mars 69B) completed the first dual mission to Mars in 1969. Mariner 6 was launched from Launch Complex 36B at Cape Canaveral Air Force Station and Mariner 7 from Launch Complex 36A at Cape Kennedy. The craft flew over the equator and south polar regions, analyzing the atmosphere and the surface with remote sensors, and recording and relaying hundreds of pictures. The mission's goals were to study the surface and atmosphere of Mars during close flybys, in order to establish the basis for future investigations, particularly those relevant to the search for extraterrestrial life, and to demonstrate and develop technologies required for future Mars missions. Mariner 6 also had the objective of providing experience and data which would be useful in programming the Mariner 7 encounter five days later.

neg: Michael J. Adams Michael James "Mike" Adams (May 5, 1930 – November 15, 1967), (Maj, USAF), was an American aviator, aeronautical engineer, and USAF astronaut. He was the first American space mission fatality, according to the United States definition.

neg: Johnson Space Center The Lyndon B. Johnson Space Center (JSC) is the National Aeronautics and Space Administration's Manned Spacecraft Center, where human spaceflight training, research, and flight control are conducted. It was built and leased to NASA by Joseph L. Smith & Associates, Inc. It was renamed in honor of the late U.S. president and Texas native, Lyndon B. Johnson, by an act of the United States Senate on February 19, 1973.

neg: Eberhard Rees Eberhard Friedrich Michael Rees (April 28, 1908 – April 2, 1998) was a German-American (by becoming a naturalized citizen of the United States) rocketry pioneer and the second director of NASA's Marshall Space Flight Center.

neg: Gregory C. Johnson Gregory Carl "Ray J" Johnson (born July 30, 1954), (Capt, USNR, Ret.), is a former American naval officer and aviator, test pilot, aerospace engineer, and NASA astronaut. He spent his military career in both, the United States Navy and the Navy Reserve. He was the Pilot on Space Shuttle mission STS-125, the final Hubble Space Telescope servicing mission.

neg: Daniel W. Bursch Daniel Wheeler Bursch (born July 25, 1957) is a former NASA astronaut, and Captain of the United States Navy. He had four spaceflights, the first three of which were Space Shuttle missions lasting 10 to 11 days each. His fourth and final spaceflight was a long-duration stay aboard the International Space Station as a crew member of Expedition 4, which lasted from December 2001 to June 2002. This 196-day mission set a new record for the longest duration spaceflight for an American astronaut, a record simultaneously set with his crew mate Carl Walz. This record has since been broken, and as of 2010 it is held by Michael Lopez-Alegria, who had a 215-day spaceflight as Commander of Expedition 14.

neg: Paul E. Lefebvre Major General Paul E. Lefebvre is a retired Marine Corps officer and was the third Commanding General of the Marine Corps Forces Special Operations Command (MARSOC).

neg: Andrew M. Allen Andrew Michael "Andy" Allen (born 4 August 1955) is a retired American astronaut. A former Marine aviator and lieutenant colonel, he worked as a test pilot before joining NASA in 1987. He flew three Space Shuttle missions before retiring in 1997.

neg: John R. Dailey John R. "Jack" Dailey (born February 17, 1934) is a retired United States Marine Corps four-star general who served as Assistant Commandant of the Marine Corps (ACMC) and Chief of Staff from 1990 to 1992, Acting Associate Deputy Administrator of the National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) from 1992 to 1999; and director of the National Air and Space Museum (NASM) since 2000.

neg: Scott J. Horowitz Scott Jay "Doc" Horowitz (born March 24, 1957) is a retired American astronaut and a veteran of four space shuttle missions.

neg: Michael Coats Michael Lloyd Coats (born January 16, 1946 in Sacramento, California) is a former NASA astronaut (three spaceflights), raised in Riverside, California. From December 2005 to December 2012, he served as Director of the Johnson Space Center in Houston, Texas.


query: On what date was the bomb dropped on Hiroshima by the B-29 aboard which Thomas Ferebee was the bombardier dropped?

pos: Thomas Ferebee Thomas W. Ferebee (November 9, 1918 – March 16, 2000) was the bombardier aboard the B-29 Superfortress, "Enola Gay", which dropped the atomic bomb, "Little Boy", on Hiroshima in 1945.

pos: Little Boy "Little Boy" was the codename for the atomic bomb dropped on the Japanese city of Hiroshima on 6 August 1945 during World War II by the Boeing B-29 Superfortress "Enola Gay", piloted by Colonel Paul W. Tibbets, Jr., commander of the 509th Composite Group of the United States Army Air Forces. It was the first atomic bomb to be used in warfare. The Hiroshima bombing was the second artificial nuclear explosion in history, after the Trinity test, and the first uranium-based detonation. It exploded with an energy of approximately 15 ktonTNT . The bomb caused significant destruction to the city of Hiroshima and its occupants.

neg: Battle of Kansas The Battle of Kansas (also known as the "Battle of Wichita") was the nickname given to a project to build, modify and deliver large quantities of the world's most advanced bomber to the front-lines, originally in Europe and in the Pacific, although due to delay in production, was only used in the Pacific.

neg: Operations Order No. 35 Operations Order No. 35 was an order issued by the 509th Composite Group on August 5, 1945 for the atomic bombing mission on Hiroshima, Japan, during World War II. The Order was signed by Operations Officer Major James I. Hopkins, Jr. who would later fly "Big Stink" in the August 9, 1945 atomic bombing raid on Nagasaki, Japan, under the call sign "Dimples 90".

neg: Leslie E. Gehres Leslie Edward Gehres (September 23, 1898 – May 15, 1975) was a naval aviator with the rank of rear admiral in the United States Navy. He is most noted as commanding officer of the aircraft carrier USS "Franklin", which was badly damaged by a Japanese air attack in March 1945. Gehres is also an example of "mustang" officer, rising from enlisted man to admiral's rank.

neg: Nagasaki Atomic Bomb Museum The Nagasaki Atomic Bomb Museum (長崎原爆資料館 , Nagasaki Genbaku Shiryōkan ) is in the city of Nagasaki, Japan. The museum is a remembrance to the atomic bombing of Nagasaki by the United States of America 9 August 1945 at 11:02:35 am. Next to the museum is the Nagasaki National Peace Memorial Hall for the Atomic Bomb Victims, built in 2003, which marks the hypocenter of the event. The bombing marked a new era in war, making Nagasaki a symbolic location for a memorial. The counterpart in Hiroshima is the Hiroshima Peace Memorial Museum. These locations symbolize the nuclear age, remind visitors of the vast destruction and indiscriminate death caused by nuclear weapons, and signify a commitment to peace.

neg: Bombing of Nagaoka The bombing of Nagaoka (長岡空襲 , Nagaoka kūshū ) took place on the night of 1 August 1945, as part of the strategic bombing campaign waged by the United States against military and civilian targets and population centers in the Japan home islands during the closing stages of World War II. Between 65.5 and 80 percent of the urban area of Nagaoka was destroyed during the bombing.

neg: George H. Gay Jr. Ensign (later Lieutenant Commander) George Henry Gay Jr. (March 8, 1917 – October 21, 1994) was a TBD Devastator pilot in United States Navy Torpedo Squadron 8 operating from the USS "Hornet" (CV-8) in the Pacific Theater of Operations during World War II. Of the 30 VT-8 aircrew from "Hornet" that participated in the pivotal Battle of Midway, Ensign Gay was the sole survivor.

neg: Thomas E. Bourke Thomas Eugene Bourke (May 5, 1896 – January 9, 1978) was a United States Marine Corps general who, during World War II, commanded Marine artillery units at the Battle of Guadalcanal, Tarawa and Leyte. At the end of World War II, he commanded the 5th Marine Division in the occupation of Japan, and the Fleet Marine Force, Pacific

neg: Kweilin incident The "Kweilin" incident occurred on August 24, 1938 when a Douglas DC-2 airliner (the "Kweilin") carrying 18 passengers and crew was destroyed by Japanese aircraft in China. There were fourteen fatalities. It was the first civilian airliner in history to be shot down by hostile aircraft. The pilot was American and the crew and passengers Chinese. As it was unprecedented for a civilian aircraft to be attacked, there was international diplomatic outrage over the incident. In the United States, it helped solidify the popular view that Japan was morally wrong in their war against China, but the incident was not enough to spur the US into action against Japan despite Chinese entreaties. The "Kweilin" was re-built and destroyed by the Japanese a second time two years later.

neg: Little boy (disambiguation) Little Boy was the codename of the atomic bomb dropped on Hiroshima

neg: Big Stink (aircraft) Big Stink – later renamed Dave's Dream – was a United States Army Air Forces Boeing B-29-40-MO Superfortress bomber (Victor number 90) that participated in the atomic bomb attack on Nagasaki, Japan on August 9, 1945. Assigned to the 393d Bomb Squadron, 509th Composite Group, it was used as a camera plane in support of the bomb-carrying B-29 "Bockscar" to photograph the explosion and effects of the bomb, and also to carry scientific observers. The mission was flown by crew C-14 but with Group Operations Officer Major James I. Hopkins, Jr., as the aircraft commander.

neg: USS England (DE-635) USS "England" (DE-635), a "Buckley"-class destroyer escort of the United States Navy, was named in honor of Ensign John C. England (1920–1941), who was killed in action aboard the battleship "Oklahoma" during the Japanese attack on Pearl Harbor on 7 December 1941. Her sinking of six Japanese submarines in twelve days is a feat unparalleled in the history of antisubmarine warfare.

neg: Boeing 377 Stratocruiser The Boeing 377 Stratocruiser was a large long-range airliner developed from the C-97 Stratofreighter military transport, itself a derivative of the B-29 Superfortress. The Stratocruiser's first flight was on July 8, 1947. Its design was advanced for its day; its innovative features included two passenger decks and a pressurized cabin, a relatively new feature on transport aircraft. It could carry up to 100 passengers on the main deck plus 14 in the lower deck lounge; typical seating was for 63 or 84 passengers or 28 berthed and five seated passengers.

neg: Action of 13 May 1944 The Action of 13 May 1944 refers to the sinking of an Imperial Japanese submarine in the Atlantic Ocean during World War II. An American destroyer escort attacked the former German U-boat "U-1224" , which had been given to the Japanese Navy and renamed RO-501. The boat was the first of two Japanese vessels sunk in the European Theater of Operations.

neg: Thomas Bernard Brigham Thomas "Tommy" Bernard Clark Brigham (d. February 14, 1993) was an elderly American war veteran convicted of planting a bomb in Central Station in Montreal, Canada on September 3, 1984, killing three French tourists and injuring 30–47 other people. He was widely believed to be protesting Pope John Paul II's impending visit to Canada later that week, although he said that he had nothing against the Pope because was "going to be our ambassador against the Communists".

neg: USS Dennis (DE-405) USS "Dennis" (DE-405) was a World War II "John C. Butler"-class destroyer escort in the service of the United States Navy. "Dennis" was named after Radioman Third Class Otis Lee Dennis. He was killed in action 1 February 1942 with Carleton Thayer Fogg (namesake of "Fogg" ) when their Douglas SBD Dauntless was lost during an attack launched by "Enterprise" on Roi-Namur, Kwajalein. It was one of the first offensive operations following Pearl Harbor.

neg: USS Bullhead USS "Bullhead" (SS-332), a "Balao"-class submarine, was the very last US Navy ship sunk by enemy action during World War II, probably on the same day that the first atomic bomb was dropped on Hiroshima. She was the only ship of the United States Navy to be named for the bullhead (any large-headed fish, especially the catfish, miller's thumb, and sculpin). Her keel was laid down by the Electric Boat Company of Groton, Connecticut. She was launched on July 16, 1944 sponsored by Mrs. Howard R. Doyle, and commissioned December 4, 1944 with Commander W. T. Griffith in command.

neg: USS Bates (DE-68) USS "Bates" (DE-68/APD-47), a "Buckley"-class destroyer escort of the United States Navy, was named in honor of Ensign Edward M. Bates (19 September 1919 – 7 December 1941), who was killed on board USS "Arizona" during the attack on Pearl Harbor.

neg: Bombing of Aomori in World War II The Bombing of Aomori in World War II (青森大空襲 , Aomori dai-kūshū ) on July 28, 1945 was part of the strategic bombing campaign waged by the United States of America against military and civilian targets and population centers during the Japan home islands campaign in the closing stages of World War II.

neg: USS Bunch (DE-694) USS "Bunch" (DE-694) was a "Buckley"-class destroyer escort of the United States Navy, named after Kenneth Cecil Bunch, killed in action on 6 June 1942 while flying as radioman-gunner in an SBD Dauntless dive bomber during the Battle of Midway.

neg: Convair B-58 Hustler The Convair B-58 Hustler was the first operational jet bomber capable of Mach 2 flight. The aircraft was designed by Convair engineer Robert H. Widmer and developed for the United States Air Force for service in the Strategic Air Command (SAC) during the 1960s. It used a delta wing, which was also employed by Convair fighters such as the F-102, with four General Electric J79 engines in pods under the wing. It carried five nuclear weapons; four on pylons under the wings, and one nuclear weapon and fuel in a combination bomb/fuel pod under the fuselage, rather than in an internal bomb bay.


query: What geographical landform is included in Hong Kong's Kowloon district, that plays host to the East Asian Games swimming events?

pos: Swimming at the 2009 East Asian Games Swimming at the 5th East Asian Games was held 6–10 December 2009 in Kowloon, Hong Kong. The competition featured 40 long course (50m) events: 20 for males, 20 for females.

pos: Kowloon Kowloon ( ; ) is an urban area in Hong Kong comprising the Kowloon Peninsula and New Kowloon. It is bordered by the Lei Yue Mun strait to the east, Mei Foo Sun Chuen and Stonecutter's Island to the west, a mountain range, including Tate's Cairn and Lion Rock to the north, and Victoria Harbour to the south. With a population of 2,019,533 (2 million) and a population density of 43,033/km in 2006, it is the most populous urban area in Hong Kong. The peninsula's area is approximately 47 km2 .

neg: Sha Chau and Lung Kwu Chau Marine Park Sha Chau and Lung Kwu Chau Marine Park () is a marine park located on the west waters of Hong Kong, China. With an area of 1200 ha , the Sha Chau and Lung Kwu Chau Marine Park has a variety of sea life due to the richness of nutrients in the water. The islands of Lung Kwu Chau, Sha Chau and Pak Chau (Tree island) are located within the boundaries of the park.

neg: Prince (constituency) Prince is one of the 22 constituencies in the Kowloon City District in Hong Kong.

neg: East Asian Games The East Asian Games was a multi-sport event organised by the East Asian Games Association (EAGA) and held every four years from 1993 to 2013 among athletes from East Asian countries and territories of the Olympic Council of Asia (OCA), as well as the Pacific island of Guam, which is a member of the Oceania National Olympic Committees.

neg: Yuen Po Street Bird Garden Yuen Po Street Bird Garden () is located in Mong Kok, Kowloon, Hong Kong, directly west of Mong Kok Stadium. The garden occupies an area of 3,000m and is bounded by Boundary Street, Embankment Road, Prince Edward Road West and Yuen Po Street.

neg: Port of Hong Kong The Port of Hong Kong, located by the South China Sea, is a deepwater seaport dominated by trade in containerised manufactured products, and to a lesser extent raw materials and passengers. A key factor in the economic development of Hong Kong, the natural shelter and deep waters of Victoria Harbour provide ideal conditions for berthing and the handling of all types of vessels. It is one of the busiest ports in the world, in the three categories of shipping movements, cargo handled and passengers carried.

neg: Cape Collinson Cape Collinson (), also Hak Kok Tau (), is a cape located near Ngan Wan between Siu Sai Wan and Big Wave Bay at the eastmost point of Hong Kong Island. It faces Tathong Channel.

neg: Tai Tam Reservoirs The Tai Tam Reservoirs (), also known as Tai Tam Reservoir Group, is a group of reservoirs located in the Tai Tam Country Park in the eastern part of Hong Kong Island in Hong Kong.

neg: Tsing Yi Town Tsing Yi Town (Chinese: 青衣市) is located on the eastern coast of Tsing Yi Island, Hong Kong and is part of the Tsuen Wan New Town. It is based on the Tsing Yi Hui in the past and includes all the flat land surrounding, including the reclaimed land from Tsing Yi Lagoon.

neg: Marina East Marina East is a planning area located in the Central Area of the Central Region of Singapore, covering 140 ha of reclaimed land.

neg: Lee Garden Lee Garden () is a hill south of East Point and west of Causeway Bay on the Hong Kong Island in Hong Kong, approximately the area between Percival Street, Hennessy Road and Leighton Road. It was also known as Jardine's Hill or East Point Hill.

neg: New Territories New Territories () is one of the three main regions of Hong Kong, alongside Hong Kong Island and the Kowloon Peninsula. It makes up 86.2% of Hong Kong's territory, and contains around half of the population of Hong Kong. Historically, it is the region described in The Convention for the Extension of Hong Kong Territory. According to that the territories comprise the mainland area north of the Boundary Street of Kowloon Peninsula and south of the Sham Chun River which is the border between Hong Kong and Mainland China, as well as over 200 outlying Islands including Lantau Island, Lamma Island, Cheung Chau, and Peng Chau in the territory of Hong Kong.

neg: Lam Tin Lam Tin is an area in the Kwun Tong District in southeastern New Kowloon, Hong Kong. Lam Tin is primarily a residential area but also hosts a major transport interchange and several shopping attractions. Lam Tin was once a large field in the vicinity of Kowloon Bay. During the Song dynasty, it was a site of salt production. Since the 1980s a number of housing estates were constructed in Lam Tin.

neg: Yam O Yam O () is a bay located on the northeast shore of Lantau Island, in the New Territories of Hong Kong. It is part of the Tsuen Wan Rural West constituency of the Tsuen Wan District Council.

neg: Lung Yeuk Tau Lung Yeuk Tau (), commonly known as Lung Ku Tau and also called Lung Ling ("Mountain of Dragon") is an area located northeast of Luen Wo Hui in Fanling, New Territories, Hong Kong.

neg: Hok Yuen Hok Yuen (Chinese: 鶴園) or formerly Hok Un is a place in at the southeastern coast of Kowloon Peninsula, Hong Kong. It is at the north of Hung Hom, south of Quarry Hill and east of Lo Lung Hang.

neg: Repulse Bay Repulse Bay is a bay in the southern part of Hong Kong Island, located in the Southern District, Hong Kong.

neg: Hong Kong shipping register The port of Hong Kong is a deep water port located in southern China. It is one of the hub ports serving the South-East and East Asia region, and is a gateway to mainland China. The city of Hong Kong began as a colony of the United Kingdom. It was a free port, and became an international trade center connecting land and sea transport between China and other countries. The port has mature infrastructure and well-developed air-sea-land transport. It helps Hong Kong maintain its position on international trade centre and transshipment hub.

neg: Athletics at the 2009 East Asian Games At the 2009 East Asian Games, the athletics events were held at the Tseung Kwan O Sports Ground in Hong Kong, People's Republic of China from 10 December to 13 December. A total of 46 events were contested, of which 23 were by male athletes and 23 by female athletes.

neg: La Ka Chau La Ka Chau or 勒加洲 is an old island in Hong Kong. It is located in the northeastern part of Sai Kung. The island was reclaimed when the Land reclamation in Hong Kong at Sai Kung was carried out in the late 1970s and early 1980s to make the Sai Kung Waterfront. It is now part of a public car park in Sai Kung.

neg: Kowloon Peninsula The Kowloon Peninsula is a peninsula that forms the southern part of the main landmass in the territory of Hong Kong. The Kowloon Peninsula and the area of New Kowloon are collectively known as Kowloon.