query: Did Mary-Ann Eisel and Anders Järryd represent the same country during their professional tennis careers?

pos: Mary-Ann Eisel Mary–Ann Eisel (born November 25, 1946) is an American former tennis player. She was the US Open mixed doubles champion in 1968.

pos: Anders Järryd Anders Per Järryd (] ; born 13 July 1961) is a former professional tennis player from Sweden. During his career he won eight Grand Slam doubles titles (three French Open, two Wimbledon, two US Open, one Australian Open), reached the World No. 1 doubles ranking, and achieved a career-high singles ranking of World No. 5.

neg: Clara Louise Zinke Clara Louise Zinke (March 30, 1909 in Cincinnati – April 20, 1978) was an American tennis player in the early part of the 20th century.

neg: Anne Minter Anne Minter (born 3 April 1963) is a former tennis player from Australia, who competed for her native country at the 1988 Summer Olympics in Seoul. She was an Australian Institute of Sport scholarship holder. She won four singles titles on the WTA Tour: 1987 Taipei, Singapore; 1988 Puerto Rico; 1989 Taipei. Minter was a quarterfinalist at the Australian Open in 1988, beating fourth seed Pam Shriver in the R16 when the tournament moved to the hard court surface at Melbourne Park. She twice reached the R16 at Wimbledon, upsetting ninth seed Hana Mandlíková in the third round in 1988. She reached her highest individual ranking in her professional career on 4 July 1988, when she became the 23rd top player in the world. On 19 March 1990 she reached her highest doubles ranking or 68. Her playing career spanned 11 years from 1981 until 1992. Minter's win-loss record for singles stands at 258–245.

neg: Laurence Courtois Laurence Courtois (born 18 January 1976) is a former professional female tennis player from Belgium.

neg: Elena Makarova Elena Alekseyevna Makarova (Russian: Елена Алексеевна Макарова , born 1 February 1973) is a Russian former professional tennis player.

neg: Kim Warwick Kim Warwick (born 8 April 1952) is an Australian former professional male tennis player who competed on the ATP Tour from 1970–1987 reaching the final of the singles Australian Open in 1980. He defeated over 35 players ranked in the top 10 including Guillermo Vilas, Raul Ramerez, Vitas Gerulaitis, Jan Kodeš, Bob Lutz and Arthur Ashe. Warwick's career-high singles ranking was World No. 15, achieved in 1981. He won three singles titles and 26 doubles, including Australian Open 1978 (with Wojtek Fibak) and Australian Open 1980 and 1981, Roland Garros 1986 and also a runner-up in Australian Open 1985, all of them partnering fellow countryman Mark Edmondson. Partnering with Evonne Goolagong, he won the French Open 1972, defeating Françoise Dürr and Jean-Claude Barclay in the final 6–2, 6–4. Evonne and Kim were finalists in 1972 at Wimbledon against Rosie Casals and Ilie Năstase who won 6–4, 6–4.

neg: Ola Jonsson Ola Jonsson (born 3 November 1966, in Stockholm, Sweden), is a former professional tennis player from Sweden. He enjoyed most of his tennis success while playing doubles. During his career he won two doubles titles and finished runner-up an additional two times. He achieved a career-high doubles ranking of world No. 90 in 1991.

neg: Eileen Bennett Whittingstall Eileen Bennett Whittingstall ("née" Bennett; 16 July 1907 – ca. 18 August 1979, full name Eileen Viviyen Bennett Fearnley-Whittingstall) was a female tennis player from the United Kingdom who won six Grand Slam doubles titles from 1927 to 1931.

neg: Lars-Anders Wahlgren Lars-Anders Wahlgren (born 24 August 1966) is a former professional tennis player from Sweden.

neg: Alex Bogomolov Jr. Aleksandr Aleksandrovich Bogomolov Jr. (Russian: Александр Александрович «Алекс» Богомолов , born April 23, 1983), nicknamed Bogie, is a Russian-American retired professional tennis player.

neg: Jürgen Fassbender Jürgen Fassbender (German: "Faßbender" , born 28 May 1948) is a retired professional tennis player for West Germany.

neg: Winifred McNair Winifred McNair (née Winifred Margaret Slocock, 9 August 1877 – 28 March 1954) was a female tennis player from Great Britain. She is best remembered for her women's doubles (partnering Kathleen McKane) gold medal at the 1920 Olympics in Antwerp, Belgium. Between 1906 and 1925 she competed in 15 editions of the Wimbledon Championships. Her best Wimbledon result came in 1913 when she reached the final of the all-comers' event and won the doubles title, partnering Dora Boothby.

neg: Iryna Brémond Iryna Brémond (née Kuryanovich) (Belarusian: Ірына Брэмон (Кур'яновіч) ; Russian: Ирина Бремон (Курьянович) ; born 5 October 1984) is a professional French tennis player.

neg: Elly Appel-Vessies Elly Appel-Vessies (born 27 July 1952) is a former professional tennis player from the Netherlands. Since retiring, she has played some seniors tennis.

neg: Jan Frode Andersen Jan Frode Andersen (born 29 August 1972) is a Norwegian tennis player. He played tennis for Norway, including competing in at least 60 countries over a span of 8 years after turning professional in 1997. He represented Norway in the Davis Cup for 10 consecutive years compiling a 30-22 record (25-14 in singles). His highest ATP ranking was 135. This makes him the third best player in Norwegian history, after Christian Ruud and Casper Ruud.

neg: John McCurdy (tennis) John McCurdy (born 13 May 1960) is a former professional tennis player from Australia.

neg: Wimbledon Effect The Wimbledon effect (Japanese: ウィンブルドン現象, rōmaji: "Uinburudon Genshō", literally "Wimbledon Phenomenon") is a chiefly British and Japanese analogy (which possibly originated in Japan) which compares the tennis fame of the Wimbledon Championships, held at the All England Lawn Tennis and Croquet Club in Wimbledon, London, with the economic success of the United Kingdom's financial services industries – especially those clustered in the City of London. The point of the analogy is that a national and international institution (the All England Club) can be highly successful despite the lack of strong native competition, as in modern tennis Britain has produced very few Wimbledon champions, with only Ann Haydon Jones, Virginia Wade (both women's singles), Jonathan Marray (men's doubles), Andy Murray (men's singles), John Lloyd, Jeremy Bates, Jo Durie, Jamie Murray and Heather Watson (mixed doubles) winning titles in the Open Era.

neg: Robert Lindstedt Robert Lindstedt (born 19 March 1977) is a Swedish professional tennis player, who turned pro in 1998, and is a doubles specialist. His biggest title has been the 2014 Australian Open with partner Łukasz Kubot. He is also a three-time Wimbledon finalist with former partner Horia Tecău.

neg: Anna Chakvetadze Anna Djambuliovna Chakvetadze (Russian: Анна Джамбулиевна Чакветадзе ; Georgian: ანა ჯამბულის ასული ჩაკვეტაძე ; born 5 March 1987) is a retired Russian professional tennis player who was born to a Georgian father and a Russian mother. On 10 September 2007, she reached her career-high professional singles ranking of world no. 5. She has won eight WTA singles titles and appeared in the 2007 US Open semifinals. She was also a quarterfinalist at the 2007 Australian Open and the 2007 French Open. She announced her retirement on 11 September 2013, due to a persisting back injury. She is currently a commentator on Eurosport channel.

neg: Agnes Tuckey Agnes Katherine Raymond Tuckey (née Daniell, 8 July 1877 – 13 May 1972) was an English tennis player. With Hope Crisp, she was the winner of the first Wimbledon mixed doubles in 1913.

neg: Hans-Dieter Beutel Hans-Dieter Beutel (born 12 June 1962) is a former professional tennis player from West Germany.


query: In regards to the artist who recorded Not Going Down, when were they born?

pos: Not Going Down "Not Going Down" is a song recorded by American country music artist Jo Dee Messina. It was released in December 2005 as the third single from the album "Delicious Surprise". The song reached #28 on the "Billboard" Hot Country Songs chart. The song was written by Kevin Savigar and Shaunn Bolton.

pos: Jo Dee Messina Jo Dee Marie Messina (born August 25, 1970) is an American country music artist. She has charted nine number one singles on the "Billboard" country music charts. She has been honored by the Country Music Association, the Academy of Country Music and has been nominated for two Grammy Awards. She was the first female country artist to score three multiple-week Number One songs from the same album. To date, she has two Platinum and three Gold-certified albums by the RIAA.

neg: Keith Urban Keith Lionel Urban (born 26 October 1967) is a New Zealand-born Australian country music singer, songwriter, guitarist, musician, TV show judge and record producer. In 1991, he released a self-titled debut album and charted four singles in Australia before moving to the United States the following year. He found work as a session guitarist before starting a band known as The Ranch, which recorded one studio album on Capitol Nashville and charted two singles on the "Billboard" Hot Country Songs chart.

neg: Billy Montana Billy Montana (born September 28, 1959 in Voorheesville, New York) is an American country music singer-songwriter. Between 1987 and 1995, Montana released one studio album and charted six singles on "Billboard"' s Hot Country Singles & Tracks chart. As a songwriter, Montana's songs have been recorded by Garth Brooks, Sara Evans, Jo Dee Messina, Tim McGraw, Martina McBride, Sister Hazel and Kenny Rogers, among others.

neg: Chalee Tennison Chalee Tennison (born April 11, 1969) is an American country music artist from the state of Texas. She has released three major-label studio albums (two on Asylum Records and one on Dreamworks Records) in addition to charting six singles on the "Billboard" Hot Country Singles & Tracks (now Hot Country Songs) charts. Her highest charting singles, "Just Because She Lives There" and "Go Back", both reached No. 36 on that chart.

neg: Martin Fry Martin David Fry (born 9 March 1958) is an English singer, songwriter, composer, musician and record producer.

neg: Bryan Dubreuiel Bryan Dubreuiel (born March 27, 1969 in Atlanta, Georgia) in an American artist.

neg: Willie Clayton Willie Clayton (born March 29, 1955) is an American Chicago blues and soul-blues singer and songwriter. He has recorded over 25 albums since the 1980s. He has been performing since the late 1960s. His chart successes span the decades from the 1980s onward.

neg: Zella Lehr Zella Lehr (born March 14, 1951) is an American singer and entertainer. She had hit records on RCA Records and Columbia Records, most notably her cover of Dolly Parton's "Two Doors Down" (which charted for Lehr in late 1977, before Parton herself had released the song as a single). She had been on the" Billboard" Hot Country Singles chart for 18 weeks and in 1980 was nominated by the Academy of Country Music and Cashbox Magazine for the 'Most Promising Female Vocalist' award.

neg: Alison Moyet Geneviève Alison Jane Moyet ( ; born 18 June 1961) is an English singer, songwriter and performer noted for her bluesy contralto voice. She came to prominence as half of the duo Yazoo, but has since mainly worked as a solo artist.

neg: Five for Fighting Vladimir John Ondrasik III (born January 7, 1965), known by his stage name Five for Fighting, is an American singer, songwriter and record producer. He is best known for his piano-based rock, such as the top 40 hits, "Superman (It's Not Easy)" (2001), "100 Years" (2003) and "The Riddle" (2006).

neg: Larry Williams Lawrence Eugene Williams (May 10, 1935 – January 7, 1980) was an American rhythm and blues and rock and roll singer, songwriter, producer, and pianist from New Orleans, Louisiana. Williams is best known for writing and recording some rock and roll classics from 1957 to 1959 for Specialty Records, including "Bony Moronie", "Short Fat Fannie", "High School Dance" (1957), "Slow Down", "Dizzy, Miss Lizzy" (1958), "Bad Boy" and "She Said Yeah" (1959). John Lennon was a fan, and The Beatles and several other British Invasion groups recorded several of his songs.

neg: Lefty Frizzell William Orville Frizzell, known as Lefty Frizzell (March 31, 1928 – July 19, 1975), was an American country music singer-songwriter and honky-tonk singer. A vocalist who set the style of singing "the country way" for the generations that followed, Frizzell became one of the most successful and influential artists of country music throughout his career. He gained prominence in 1950 after two major hits, and throughout the decade was a very popular country performer. He smoothed out the rough edges of a honky tonk song by sounding out syllables longer and singing longer. Because of this, his music become much more mainstream without losing its honky-tonk attitude and persona.

neg: Trevor Herion Trevor Herion, born John Trevor Herion, (c. Apr. 1959 – October 1988) was an Irish singer, born in Cork who formed part of the punk and new wave scenes in the 1970s and 1980s. He later tried to be successful as a solo artist, but failed, and died shortly afterwards.

neg: Emmylou Harris Emmylou Harris (born April 2, 1947) is an American singer, songwriter and musician. She has released many popular albums and singles over the course of her career, and she has won 13 Grammys as well as numerous other awards, including induction into the Country Music Hall of Fame.

neg: Todd Agnew Todd Wilson Agnew (born March 15, 1971 in Dallas, Texas) is a contemporary Christian musician and songwriter.

neg: Cindy Wilson Cynthia Leigh Wilson (born February 28, 1957) is a singer, and is one of the vocalists, songwriters and founding members of new wave rock band the B-52s.

neg: Toni Braxton Toni Michelle Braxton (born October 7, 1967) is an American singer, songwriter, pianist, record producer, actress, television personality, and philanthropist. Rising to fame in the early 1990s, Braxton quickly established herself as an R&B icon and became one of the best-selling artists of the 1990s decade, and being recognized as one of the most outstanding voices of her generation.

neg: Matt Stillwell Matt Stillwell (born in Sylva, North Carolina) is an American country music artist.

neg: Adrian Baker Adrian Baker (born 18 January 1951, London) is an English singer, songwriter, and record producer.

neg: Brian McComas Brian McComas (born May 23, 1972) is an American country music artist. Originally signed to Mercury Nashville Records in 2001, McComas charted two minor singles in 2001 and 2002. A year later, he switched to Lyric Street Records, charting the Top Ten single "99.9% Sure (I've Never Been Here Before)" on the "Billboard" Hot Country Singles & Tracks charts. His eponymous debut album was also released that year. It produced an additional single before McComas was dropped from Lyric Street. He later signed to Katapult Records, which released his second album, "Back Up Again", in 2006.

neg: John Sines Jr. John Barry Sines Jr (born October 15, 1968 in Bedford, Virginia) is an American country music singer/songwriter.


query: Tashi Dorjeperforms as a soloist with a performing-arts and entertainment company formed in whichcity ?

pos: Tashi Dorje Tashi Dorje (also known as Yuan Qu) (born 29 November 1966) is a Tibetan tenor trained in Italian opera. He performs as a soloist with Shen Yun Performing Arts under his Chinese name, "Yuan Qu." Dorje was born in Chamdo, Eastern Tibet.

pos: Shen Yun Performing Arts Shen Yun Performing Arts is a performing-arts and entertainment company formed in New York City. It performs classical Chinese dance, ethnic and folk dance, and story-based dance, with orchestral accompaniment and solo performers. The Shen Yun website translates the phrase "shen yun" as "the beauty of divine beings dancing".

neg: Bolero, Sarajevo Bolero, Sarajevo or shortened Bolero is the name of a theatre show produced by the East West Theatre Company from Bosnia and Herzegovina and Tala Dance Center from Croatia. Authors, choreographer Tamara Curic from Zagreb, Croatia and director Haris Pasovic, created a dance performance in which Sarajevo and choreography impressed with Maurice Béjart's work are in interaction. They were largely inspired by the flux of Sarajevo, Ravel’s music and 'Béjartesque' swinging bodies. Performance included dancers from Zagreb who regularly collaborate with the TALA Dance Centre, actors of the East West Theatre Company from Sarajevo, and the members of the Sarajevo National Theatre’s Ballet Company.

neg: Royal Ballet of Flanders The Royal Ballet of Flanders is a dance company based in Antwerp, Belgium, specializing in classical ballet, neoclassical ballet and contemporary ballet. In its current incarnation, the company was established in 1969. It tours internationally.

neg: Itchy-O Itchy-O, formed in 2009, is an avant-garde music performance group based in Denver, CO.

neg: FNC Entertainment FNC Entertainment (; stands for "fish and cake") is a South Korean entertainment company established in 2006 by singer-turned-producer Han Seong-ho. The label operates as a record label, talent agency, music production company, event management and concert production company, and music publishing house. The label previously known as FNC Music, which only managing musicians and later changed its name to FNC Entertainment in 2012 and began to broaden their business field of entertainment. It has since January 2012, been based in its own company offices in Cheongdam-dong.

neg: Ballet Deviare Ballet Deviare was founded in 2003 and is located in New York City. It is the brainchild of Laura Kowalewski and Andrew Carpenter. It is a truly unique ballet company due to its use of heavy metal music. Classical dance styles are mixed with the music of such bands as Opeth, My Dying Bride, Swallow the Sun, Japanische Kampfhörspiele, and Celestiial. Segments with the band Arsis have been featured on Headbangers Ball.

neg: Kiwi Concert Party The Kiwi Concert Party was a group of New Zealand entertainers. They were originally called N.Z. Entertainment Unit, formed in 1941 within the 2nd N.Z. Expeditionary Force.

neg: Shoghaken Folk Ensemble The Shoghaken Folk Ensemble, an Armenian musical group, performs and records Armenian folk and troubador music. The ensemble was founded in 1995 in Yerevan. It has since performed in Armenia, France (including a 2006 performance at the Théâtre de la Ville in Paris), Germany, Estonia, Russia, the United Arab Emirates, and the U.S. (including an eighteen-concert 2004 tour and an appearance at the 2002 Folklife Festival as part of the Silk Road project organized by Yo Yo Ma). The music of the Shoghaken Ensemble is featured on the soundtrack of the film "Ararat". In 2008, Shoghaken gave concerts during their second major tour of the US and Canada; the tour coincided with the release of the ensemble’s latest CD, "Shoghaken Ensemble: Music From Armenia".

neg: Lydia Johnson Dance Lydia Johnson Dance is a contemporary dance company that performs the choreography of Lydia Johnson, primarily in New York City and New Jersey. It is notable for combining ballet and modern dance, sometimes isolating and reworking "components of classical ballet technique." The company was founded in 1999 by Johnson, a choreographer. She has choreographed dance works to various composers including Beethoven, the alternative rock band Cake, Philip Glass, Argentine composer Osvaldo Golijov, Polish composer Henryk Górecki, and others. Since 2008 the company has received annual support from the Geraldine R. Dodge Foundation. Performances tend to have six or seven to twelve dancers, and the company has performed in numerous venues in New Jersey and New York City, and it is based in northern New Jersey. In addition, Lydia Johnson Dance runs a school to teach dance and choreography.

neg: Academy of Performing Arts in Sarajevo Academy of Performing Arts in Sarajevo (Bosnian: "Akademija scenskih umjentosti Sarajevo") is a faculty within the University of Sarajevo in Sarajevo, Bosnia and Herzegovina, dedicated to the performing arts.

neg: Guerrilla Zoo Guerrilla Zoo is a contemporary arts organisation formed in 2004 by founder and creative director "James Elphick". The group produce a variety of creative events from experiential environments, live concerts, festivals, immersive theatre, art exhibitions, arts awards, parties and masquerade balls.

neg: King Kong Company King Kong Company is an Irish dance band based in Waterford in Ireland. Although none of the members are from Waterford, they met while attending Waterford Institute of Technology. In June 2016 they released their self-titled debut album.

neg: Metropolitan Youth Orchestra of Hong Kong Metropolitan Youth Orchestra of Hong Kong (MYO/MYOHK; Traditional Chinese: 香港青少年管弦樂團) is an orchestra founded in Hong Kong in 2003. Its mission is to pursue artistic excellence, for MYO aims to achieve "Music Excellence with a Soul", as well as to serve the community through music. It has collaborated with different artists including Yang Li, Siqing Lu, Nancy Loo, Colleen Lee, Cho-Liang Lin, Michelle Kim and the famous visual theater group Magic Circle Mime Company from the United States. The orchestra gives performances triannually in various venues including the Concert Hall of the Hong Kong Cultural Centre, Tsuen Wan Town Hall and the City Hall, Hong Kong.

neg: Korea National Ballet The Korea National Ballet is a South Korean ballet company. It was founded in 1962 in Seoul as the National Ballet Company. It was one of the affiliates of the National Theater of Korea until 1999, when it separated to independently reestablish itself in the Seoul Arts Center in the following year.

neg: Squonk Opera Squonk Opera is a group of interdisciplinary performing artists from Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania. Led by artistic directors Jackie Dempsey and Steve O'Hearn, Squonk Opera formed in 1992 and has created thirteen distinct shows and performed in over 250 venues in the United States. Squonk Opera has been touring internationally since 2003 - to Scotland, Belgium, Germany and twice to South Korea, where they opened both the Busan International Performing Arts Festival and the World Music Theater Festival. Over 200,000 people have seen Squonk around the world, and reviews include "insane majesty" from The Scotsman, and "...surreal and poetic" from USA Today.

neg: Live Nation (events promoter) Live Nation is an American live-events company based in Beverly Hills, California, focused on worldwide concert and entertainment-show promotions. Live Nation formed in 2005 as a spin-off from Clear Channel Communications, which then merged with Ticketmaster in 2010 to become Live Nation Entertainment.

neg: TZU TZU (pronounced "Tee Zed Yoo") is an Australian hip hop group, formed in Melbourne, Victoria. TZU uses instruments in live performances, giving their shows a rock-infused feeling.

neg: Royal Winnipeg Ballet The Royal Winnipeg Ballet is one of the world's premier dance companies. Based in Winnipeg, Manitoba, it is Canada's oldest ballet company and the longest continuously operating ballet company in North America.

neg: Transversal Theater Company The Transversal Theater Company (TTC) is a nonprofit organization of American and European artists based in Amsterdam. Founded in 2003 by Bryan Reynolds, Lonnie Alcaraz, Douglas-Scott Goheen, and a number of other artists, TTC is an experimental theater company known for creating original performance works that explore charged social, cultural, conceptual, and political realities of today through the combined social-cognitive theory, performance aesthetics, and research methodology known as Transversal Poetics. The products of this praxis (combining theory and practice) or practice research (practice-as-research) approach have been various and far-reaching, including a theory of acting and design aesthetics. TTC has toured productions to festivals and other venues in the United States, Europe, the Middle East, and Asia, such as to the national theaters of Poland and Romania, Armenia's HIGH FEST, Romania's National Theatre Festival, Sibiu International Performing Arts Festival, and Interferences Festival, the Gdansk International Shakespeare Festival.

neg: Nublu Records Nublu Records is an independent recording company founded by Swedish–Turkish musician, composer, cultural activist and entrepreneur, Ilhan Ersahin, in 2005. It was a natural extension of the "Nublu sound" that developed at the club, Nublu, on New York's Lower East Side, founded by Ersahin in 2002. Capturing the cross-cultural fusion of the times, and embracing the beatnik jazz tradition for which the area has been known since the 1950s, an unofficial family of bands soon congregated around the club, which was known for its freewheeling late night jams. As more and more outfits formed, setting up Nublu Records was a logical progression.

neg: Dallas Repertory Company Theater Repertory Company Theatre is a local theatre company in Richardson, Texas, boasting some of the most talented singers, actors, and dancers in the Metroplex. Artistic Director, Debra Carter. Founded in 1986, RCT has been voted "best theatre in Richardson" by the Dallas Morning News, as well as nominated for local theatre awards such as the Leon Rabin Awards and the Column Awards. Each Season the Theatre presents Broadway Musicals, Classic Plays and Special Presentations performed by the 60+ member REP Company. Rep Company auditions are held each January.


query: The Urswick School was named after a close friend of Henry VII and which grandmother of Henry VIII?

pos: The Urswick School The Urswick School is a co-educational secondary school and sixth form located in the Hackney Central area of the London Borough of Hackney, England. The school is named after Christopher Urswick, the Rector of the Parish of Hackney from 1502 to 1522, and a close friend of King Henry VII and his mother, Margaret Beaufort.

pos: Margaret Beaufort, Countess of Richmond and Derby Lady Margaret Beaufort (usually pronounced: , ; or , ), later Countess of Richmond and Derby (31 May 1441/1443 – 29 June 1509), was the mother of King Henry VII and paternal grandmother of King Henry VIII of England.

neg: Elizabeth Grey, 6th Baroness Lisle Elizabeth Grey, 6th Baroness Lisle (c.1482/1484 – c.1525/1526) was an English noblewoman during the reigns of Henry VII and VIII.

neg: Empress Matilda Empress Matilda (c. 7 February 110210 September 1167), also known as the Empress Maude, was the claimant to the English throne during the civil war known as the Anarchy. The daughter of King Henry I of England, she moved to Germany as a child when she married the future Holy Roman Emperor Henry V. She travelled with her husband into Italy in 1116, was controversially crowned in St. Peter's Basilica, and acted as the imperial regent in Italy. Matilda and Henry had no children, and when Henry died in 1125, the crown was claimed by Lothair II, one of his political enemies.

neg: Beatrix Beauclerk, Marchioness of Waterford Beatrix Frances Beauclerk, Duchess of St Albans, Marchioness of Waterford, GBE, DGStJ (25 March 1877 – 5 August 1953), born Lady Beatrix Frances Petty-FitzMaurice, was a daughter of the 5th Marquess of Lansdowne and his wife, Maud. She was named after her maternal aunt, Beatrix Frances Lambton, Countess of Durham (born Lady Beatrix Frances Hamilton), Lady Lansdowne's favourite sister.

neg: Adelaide of Maurienne Adelaide of Savoy (or Adelaide of Maurienne) (Italian: "Adelaide di Savoia" or "Adelasia di Moriana", French: "Adélaïde" or "Adèle de Maurienne") (1092 – 18 November 1154) was the second spouse but first Queen consort of Louis VI of France. Adelaide was the daughter of Humbert II of Savoy and Gisela of Burgundy, and niece of Pope Callixtus II, who once visited her court in France.

neg: Lady Catherine Grey Katherine Seymour, Countess of Hertford (25 August 1540 – 26 January 1568), born Lady Katherine Grey, was the younger sister of Lady Jane Grey.

neg: Thomas Boleyn, 1st Earl of Wiltshire Thomas Boleyn, 1st Earl of Wiltshire, 1st Earl of Ormond, 1st Viscount Rochford (c. 1477 – 12 March 1539) was an English diplomat and politician in the Tudor era. He was born at the family home, Hever Castle, Kent, which had been purchased by his grandfather Sir Geoffrey Boleyn, who was a wealthy mercer. He was buried at St. Peter's parish church in the village of Hever. His parents were Sir William Boleyn (1451 – 10 October 1505) and Lady Margaret Butler (1454–1539). He was the father of Anne Boleyn, the second wife of Henry VIII of England. As such, he was the maternal grandfather of Queen Elizabeth I.

neg: Eleanor Neville, Countess of Northumberland Lady Eleanor Neville (c. 1397–1472) was the second daughter of Ralph de Neville, 1st Earl of Westmorland (died 1425), by his second wife, Joan Beaufort, daughter of John of Gaunt, 1st Duke of Lancaster and Katherine Swynford.

neg: Elisabeth of the Palatinate Elisabeth of the Palatinate (26 December 1618 – 11 February 1680), also known as Elisabeth of Bohemia, Princess Elisabeth of the Palatinate, or Princess-Abbess of Herford Abbey, was the eldest daughter of Frederick V, Elector Palatine (who was briefly King of Bohemia), and Elizabeth Stuart. She was born in Heidelberg, Germany, spending the first nine years of her life there. When she was nine, she went to live in Leyden, with her brother and was raised in a nursery palace to complete her studies. After finishing her studies, she was deemed ready to live in The Hague with her mother.

neg: Joan Bulmer Joan Bulmer (1519–December 1590), born Joan Acworth, was an English gentlewoman during the reign of Henry VIII. The daughter of George Acworth and Margaret Wilberforce, Joan married William Bulmer at a young age. The marriage was short lived, however, as she left his house to enter into the service of Agnes Tinley, the Dowager Duchess of Norfolk. While in service to the duchess Bulmer became acquainted with Catherine Howard, who would go on to become the fifth wife of King Henry VIII. It was during this time that Joan became involved in an affair with Edward Waldegrave.

neg: King Henry VIII School There are several schools named for King Henry VIII, including:

neg: Nicholas Vaux, 1st Baron Vaux of Harrowden Nicholas Vaux, 1st Baron Vaux of Harrowden (c. 1460 – 14 May 1523) was a soldier and courtier in England and an early member of the House of Commons. He was the son of Lancastrian loyalists, Sir William Vaux of Harrowden and Katherine Penyson (or Peniston as she is sometimes called in later sources), a lady of the household of Queen Margaret of Anjou, wife of the Lancastrian king, Henry VI of England. Katherine was daughter of Gregorio Panizzone of Courticelle (modern Cortiglione), in Piedmont, Italy which was at that time subject to King René of Anjou, father of Queen Margaret of Anjou, as ruler of Provence. He grew up during the years of Yorkist rule, and later served under the founder of the Tudor dynasty, Henry VII.

neg: John Shurley Sir John Shurley (died 3 August 1527) was an English noble who held the financial office of Cofferer to the King during the reign of Henry VIII. He was married twice—to Parnell Grandford and then Margery Goring, and had at least five children, including Edward, his heir.

neg: Catherine Hyde, Duchess of Queensberry Catherine Hyde, afterwards Duchess of Queensbury (1701 – 17 June 1777) was an English socialite in London and a patron of the dramatist John Gay.

neg: Lady Elizabeth Cavendish Lady Elizabeth Georgiana Alice Cavendish CVO (born 24 April 1926) is a childhood friend of Queen Elizabeth II and lady-in-waiting to Princess Margaret from the late-1940s until the latter's death in 2002 .

neg: Miranda Hill Miranda Hill (Wisbech 1836–1910) was an English social reformer. She worked closely, from 1891, with her more famous sister Octavia Hill on major housing reform projects in England. She was the daughter of James Hill, corn merchant and banker, and Caroline Southwood Smith, the daughter of Dr Thomas Southwood Smith, the pioneer of sanitary reform. The sisters were brought up in reduced financial circumstances, and were never formally schooled. To earn her living, Miranda became a teacher at age 13.

neg: Katharine Russell, Viscountess Amberley Katharine Louisa Russell, Viscountess Amberley (née Stanley; 3 April 1842 – 28 June 1874), often referred to as Kate, was a British suffragist and an early advocate of birth control in the United Kingdom. She was the mother of the philosopher Bertrand Russell.

neg: Isabella of Castile, Duchess of York Isabella of Castile, Duchess of York (1355 – 23 December 1392) was the daughter of King Peter and his mistress María de Padilla (d. 1361). She accompanied her elder sister, Constance, to England after Constance's marriage to John of Gaunt, 1st Duke of Lancaster, and married Gaunt's younger brother, Edmund of Langley, 1st Duke of York.

neg: Frances Grey, Duchess of Suffolk Frances Grey, Duchess of Suffolk (née Brandon; 16 July 1517 – 20 November 1559) was an English noblewoman, the second child and eldest daughter of King Henry VIII's younger sister, Princess Mary, and Charles Brandon, 1st Duke of Suffolk. She was the mother of Lady Jane Grey, Lady Catherine Grey, and Lady Mary Grey.

neg: Children of King Henry VIII Henry VIII of England had several children. The best-known are the three legitimate children who survived Henry and succeeded him as monarchs of England successively, Edward VI, Mary I and Elizabeth I.

neg: King's School The original seven schools established, or re-endowed and renamed, by King Henry VIII in 1541 during the Dissolution of the Monasteries, to pray for his soul. These are:


query: Who was the Tennis Masters Cup champion in 2000, Gustavo Kuerten or Stan Wawrinka?

pos: Gustavo Kuerten Gustavo Kuerten (] ; born 10 September 1976), nicknamed Guga, is a retired former World No. 1 tennis player from Brazil. He won the French Open singles title three times (1997, 2000, and 2001), and was the Tennis Masters Cup champion in 2000. Kuerten suffered many problems with injuries which led him to miss a number of tournaments between 2002 and 2005. After a few failed attempted comebacks, he retired from top-level tennis in May 2008. During his career he won 20 singles and 8 doubles titles.

pos: Stan Wawrinka Stanislas Wawrinka (] ; born 28 March 1985) is a Swiss professional tennis player. Professionally called "Stan", he reached a career-high Association of Tennis Professionals (ATP) world No. 3 singles ranking for the first time on 27 January 2014. His career highlights include three Grand Slam titles at the 2014 Australian Open, 2015 French Open and 2016 US Open, where he defeated the world No. 1 player in the final on all three occasions, reaching the final of the 2017 French Open, winning an ATP World Tour Masters 1000 title at the Monte-Carlo Masters in 2014, and reaching three other finals at 2008 Rome, 2013 Madrid and 2017 Indian Wells. He is sometimes considered as part of the newly established "Big Five", an expansion of the Big Four, which already consists of Roger Federer, Rafael Nadal, Novak Djokovic and Andy Murray.

neg: 1985 Nabisco Masters – Doubles Peter Fleming and John McEnroe were the defending champion of the Masters title. But they failed to qualify. Stefan Edberg and Anders Järryd beat fellow Swedes Joakim Nyström and Mats Wilander in the final. It was the pair's first Masters title and the first Masters doubles title for Sweden.

neg: Tennis Masters Series records and statistics In tennis, the ATP World Tour Masters 1000 is a term applied to a series of tennis tournaments that are ranked below the four Majors and Year-End Championships. Nonetheless, they are the most prestigious tournaments on the ATP World Tour. The circuit began in 1970, two years after the Open Era when tennis became professional, and has undergone several name changes and slight alterations to the format, in line with overhauls of the sport by the Association of Tennis Professionals.

neg: 2008 Qatar Open – Singles Ivan Ljubičić was the defending champion, but lost in the semifinals to Stanislas Wawrinka.

neg: Daniela Hantuchová Daniela Hantuchová (] ; born 23 April 1983) is a retired tennis player from Slovakia. She turned professional in 1999 and had her breakthrough year in 2002, when she won her first WTA tournament, the Indian Wells Masters, defeating Martina Hingis in the final and becoming the lowest-ranked player to ever win the tournament. She also reached the quarterfinals of that year's Wimbledon Championship and US Open, ending the year in the top 10. She was part of the Slovak team that won the 2002 Fed Cup and the 2005 Hopman Cup.

neg: Thomas Muster Thomas Muster (born 2 October 1967) is a former World No. 1 tennis player from Austria. One of the world's leading clay court players in the 1990s, he won the 1995 French Open and at his peak was known as "The King of Clay." In addition, he won eight Masters 1000 series titles. Muster is one of only three players to win Masters titles on the three different surfaces of clay, carpet, and hard court.

neg: 1998 Newsweek Champions Cup – Doubles Mark Knowles and Daniel Nestor were the defending champions, but lost in the second round this year.

neg: Donald Johnson Donald James "Don" Johnson (born September 9, 1968) is a former professional tennis player from the United States who reached the World No. 1 doubles ranking in 2002. Although born in Bethlehem, Pennsylvania, he was raised and learned the sport of tennis in the Pittsburgh suburb of Mt. Lebanon, Pennsylvania. Johnson attended Fairview High School in Erie, Pennsylvania, and won the PIAA State Singles Championship in 1984. During his career, he won the Wimbledon men's doubles title in 2001 (partnering Jared Palmer), and the Wimbledon mixed doubles title in 2000 (partnering Kimberly Po). He also won the doubles title at the Tennis Masters Cup in 2000 (partnering Piet Norval). He won a total of 23 top-level doubles titles.

neg: 1975 Commercial Union Assurance Masters The 1975 Commercial Union Assurance Masters was a men's tennis tournament played on indoor carpet courts at the Kungliga tennishallen in Stockholm, Sweden. The tournament was the season ending event of the 1975 Commercial Union Assurance Grand Prix circuit and was played by the eight highest ranking singles players and the four highest ranked doubles teams. It was the 6th edition of the Masters Grand Prix and was held from November 30 through December 7, 1975. Ilie Năstase won the singles title and the $40,000 first prize.

neg: 1998 Mercedes Cup The 1998 Mercedes Cup was a men's tennis tournament played on Clay in Stuttgart, Germany, that was part of the International Series Gold of the 1998 ATP Tour. It was the fiftieth edition of the tournament and was held 20 July – 26 July.

neg: 2012 Aircel Chennai Open The 2012 Aircel Chennai Open was a 2012 ATP World Tour tennis tournament, played on outdoor hard courts. It was the 17th edition of the only ATP tournament taking place in India and took place at the SDAT Tennis Stadium in Chennai, India. It was held from 2 to 8 January. Stanislas Wawrinka was the defending singles champion coming into the tournament but was knocked out in the quarterfinals. Former champion Marin Čilić was originally in the field as the 4th seed before pulling out with a patellar tendon injury. Finally, fourth seed Milos Raonic from Canada defeated world no. 9 and top seeded Serb Janko Tipsarević to win only his second ATP title. Raonic became the first player since Roger Federer in 2008 to win an ATP title without losing a serve. The doubles title went to the Indo-Serb pair of Leander Paes and Janko Tipsarević after they defeated the Israeli pair of Jonathan Erlich and Andy Ram.

neg: 2000 UBS Open Gstaad – Singles Albert Costa was the defending champion, but lost in the semifinals to Mariano Puerta.

neg: 1998 Mercedes-Benz Cup The 1998 Mercedes-Benz Cup was a men's tennis tournament played on Hard in Los Angeles, United States that was part of the International Series of the 1998 ATP Tour. It was the seventy-first edition of the tournament and was held from 27 July – 2 August 1998. Fifth-seeded Andre Agassi won the singles title and the accompanying $45,000 first-prize money.

neg: 1998 ATP German Open The 1998 German Open was a men's tennis tournament played on outdoor clay courts. It was the 92nd edition of the Hamburg Masters (German Open), and was part of the ATP Super 9 of the 1998 ATP Tour. It took place at the Rothenbaum Tennis Center in Hamburg, Germany, from through 4 May through 11 May 1998.

neg: Karim Alami Karim Alami (Arabic: كريم علمي  ) (born 24 May 1973) is a retired tennis player from Morocco, who turned professional in 1990. The right-hander won two career titles in singles, both in 1996 (Atlanta and Palermo), and reached a career-high ATP singles ranking of World No. 25 in February 2000. Alami reached the semifinals of the 2000 Monte Carlo Masters, defeating Magnus Norman and Albert Costa en route.

neg: Leonie Küng Leonie Küng (born 21 October 2000) is a Swiss tennis player.

neg: Michel Kratochvil Michel Frank Kratochvil (born 7 April 1979) is a former tennis player from Switzerland. He was a member of the Swiss Davis Cup Team between 2000–2004 with a singles record 3–9, winning the decider in the first round of the 2003 World Group against Martin Verkerk of Netherlands 1–6, 7–6, 7–6, 6–1. He played doubles alongside Roger Federer in the 2002 Gstaad Open who was the defending champion but lost in the first round this time. He also defeated reigning champion Andre Agassi in the first round 2002 Indian Wells Masters.

neg: 2010 SA Tennis Open – Singles Jo-Wilfried Tsonga was the defending champion, but he resigned from the participation in this tournament due to tiredness caused by his performance at the 2010 Australian Open (he reached the semifinals, where he lost to Roger Federer).

neg: David Nainkin David Nainkin (born 20 September 1970) is a former professional tennis player from South Africa.

neg: 2000 Brighton International The 2000 Brighton International (also known as the 2000 Samsung Open for sponsorship reasons) was a men's tennis tournament played on indoor hard court in Brighton, United Kingdom the event was an International Series event which was part of the 2000 ATP Tour. The tournament was held from November 20 to 26.

neg: 2000 Mercedes Cup The 2000 Mercedes Cup was a tennis tournament played on outdoor clay courts at the Tennis Club Weissenhof in Stuttgart in Germany and was part of the Championship Series of the 2000 ATP Tour. The tournament ran from July 17 through July 23, 2000.


query: Pet Projects: The Brian Wilson Productions is a CD compilation album of the recorded work of record producer, songwriter, and musician Brian Wilson, as he attempted to branch away from which band, the compilation features performing artists such as Jan and Dean, they were an American rock duo consisting of William Jan Berry, and Dean Ormsby Torrence?

pos: Pet Projects: The Brian Wilson Productions Pet Projects: The Brian Wilson Productions is a CD compilation album of the recorded work of record producer, songwriter, and musician Brian Wilson as he attempted to branch away from his band the Beach Boys during the early-to-mid-1960s and early 1970s. The compilation features performing artists such as Glen Campbell, Gary Usher, the Honeys, American Spring, Jan and Dean, Sharon Marie, and the Survivors. It was released with a full-color 20-page booklet with rare photos and a detailed essay.

pos: Jan and Dean Jan and Dean were an American rock duo consisting of William Jan Berry (April 3, 1941 – March 26, 2004) and Dean Ormsby Torrence (born March 10, 1940). In the early 1960s, they were pioneers of the California Sound and vocal surf music styles popularized by the Beach Boys. Among their most successful songs was 1963's "Surf City", the first surf song to top the Hot 100. Their other charting top 10 singles were "Drag City" (1963), "The Little Old Lady from Pasadena" (1964), and "Dead Man's Curve" (1964); the last was inducted into the Grammy Hall of Fame in 2008.

neg: Andy Paley Andrew Douglas Paley (born 1952) is an American songwriter, record producer, composer, and multi-instrumentalist who was one half of the Paley Brothers, a 1970s power pop duo formed with his brother Jonathan Paley. Following their disbandment, Andy was a staff producer at Sire Records, producing albums for artists such as Brian Wilson, Jonathan Richman, NRBQ, John Wesley Harding, the Greenberry Woods, and Jerry Lee Lewis. Since then, Paley has also worked in film and television, composing scores and writing songs mostly for cartoons such as "SpongeBob SquarePants" and "Camp Lazlo".

neg: Spring (American Spring album) Spring (known outside of the United States and in subsequent reissues as American Spring) is the first and only album by American pop duo American Spring (then known as "Spring") released in July 1972. Largely ignored at the time of its release, it has now come to be seen as a valuable collector's item due to Brian Wilson of The Beach Boys' participation.

neg: The Capitol Years (The Beach Boys album) The Capitol Years is a 1999 4-CD box set which documents The Beach Boys' career with the Capitol Records label. It was originally released in 1980 through "Readers Digest" as a 6-LP boxed set, which included an LP of Brian Wilson's non-Beach Boys productions for Capitol. In 1988 EMI Records Australia released a 6 audio cassette version in a plastic case with booklet.

neg: The Carpenters The Carpenters were an American vocal and instrumental duo consisting of siblings Karen (1950-1983) and Richard Carpenter (b. 1946). Producing a distinctively soft musical style, which combined Karen's contralto vocals with Richard's arranging and composition skills, they became one of the best-selling music artists of all time. During their 14-year career, the Carpenters recorded 11 albums, 31 singles, five television specials, and a short-lived television series.

neg: Dead Man's Curve (song) "Dead Man's Curve" is a 1964 hit song by Jan and Dean whose lyrics detail a teen street race gone awry. It reached number eight on the "Billboard" Hot 100 singles chart. The song was written and composed by Brian Wilson, Artie Kornfeld, Roger Christian and Jan Berry at Brian Wilson's mother's house in Santa Monica. It was part of the teenage tragedy song phenomenon of that period, and one of the most popular such selections of all time.

neg: Bruce Johnston Bruce Arthur Johnston (born Benjamin Baldwin on June 27, 1942) is an American singer, songwriter, and record producer best known as a member of the Beach Boys. In 1965, Johnston joined the band for live performances, filling in for the group's co-founder Brian Wilson, who had quit touring in order to spend more time in the studio. Johnston then became a contributing member on subsequent albums. He is also known for his early 1960s collaborations with Terry Melcher as Bruce & Terry and with the surf band the Rip Chords, as well as composing the 1975 Barry Manilow song "I Write the Songs".

neg: Honkin' Down the Highway "Honkin' Down the Highway" is a song written by Brian Wilson for the American rock band The Beach Boys. It was released on their 1977 album "Love You" with a lead vocal by Al Jardine. A remake of this song is included on Jardine's album "A Postcard from California", with Brian Wilson making a guest appearance.

neg: This Could Be the Night (1966 song) "This Could Be the Night" is a song written by American musicians Harry Nilsson and Phil Spector in tribute to musician-songwriter Brian Wilson, co-founder of the Beach Boys. In late 1965 or early 1966, the Modern Folk Quartet (or MFQ) recorded the song, which was produced by Spector. Although MFQ were pursuing folk rock, biographer Mark Ribowsky compared their recording to a "Wagnerian folk march", due to Spector's Wall of Sound production.

neg: Janie Bradford Janie Bradford (born June 2, 1939 in Charleston, Missouri) is an American songwriter, most known for her tenure with Motown. With Berry Gordy, she co-wrote "Money (That's What I Want)", originally recorded by Barrett Strong and used by The Beatles on their second album "With The Beatles". "Money" is also on The Rolling Stones' first U.K. EP (January 17, 1964).

neg: Jill Gibson Jill Gibson (born June 18, 1942) is an American singer, songwriter, photographer, painter and sculptor. She is mostly known for her collaboration work with Jan & Dean and for having briefly been a member of the successful 1960s rock group The Mamas & the Papas. She was also one of the main photographers at the historic Monterey Pop Festival in 1967.

neg: Sonny & Cher Sonny & Cher were an American pop music duo, actors, singers and entertainers made up of husband-and-wife Sonny and Cher Bono in the 1960s and 1970s. The couple started their career in the mid-1960s as R&B backing singers for record producer Phil Spector.

neg: Rock 'n' Roll to the Rescue "Rock 'n' Roll to the Rescue" is a single released by The Beach Boys on June 9, 1986. It was recorded for their 1986 greatest hits compilation "Made in U.S.A.". The single reached #68 on the U.S. Billboard pop singles chart. Brian Wilson sang most of the lead vocals, with Al Jardine, and Carl Wilson both having some lines. Mike Love and Bruce Johnston did backing vocals. The group did a live version during their 1985 Farm Aid concert appearance with Mike Love, Carl Wilson and Al Jardine sharing lead vocals. The song has an autobiographical feel to it.

neg: Annie (Anne Murray album) Annie is the sixth studio album by Anne Murray issued in 1972 on Capitol Records. It peaked at number 14 on the Billboard Country Albums chart and number 143 on the Billboard Pop Albums chart. The album title was inspired by her pet name. It won the Best Produced MOR Album for Brian Ahern who also arranged the album. The front cover was credited to Dean Torrence of Jan & Dean fame.

neg: Lou and Peter Berryman Lou and Peter Berryman (born in 1947) are American folk singers-songwriters and longtime residents of Madison, Wisconsin.

neg: All Summer Long (The Beach Boys song) "All Summer Long" is a song written by Brian Wilson and Mike Love for the American rock band The Beach Boys. It was released on their 1964 album "All Summer Long", and as a single in the UK in February 1965.

neg: This Whole World "This Whole World" is a song written by Brian Wilson for American rock band the Beach Boys, and was released on their 1970 album "Sunflower". The song features Carl Wilson on lead vocals and is credited as a Beach Boys production. Earlier in the year, it had been included on the Warner Brothers promotional sampler album "The Big Ball", and as a single, fronted with "Slip On Through", but did not make the US or UK pop charts.

neg: Bruce & Terry Bruce & Terry were an American musical duo consisting of Bruce Johnston and Terry Melcher. The pair recorded under a variety of names, most notably with the band the Rip Chords.

neg: David & Carr David & Carr is a duo consisting of trance musicians Peter "Petrograd" Carr and David "Wes" Johnson. Born and raised in Minnesota, Peter "Petrogad" Carr began listening to electronic music at the age of 16. Soon after, he decided to delve deeper into the world of trance, quickly becoming familiar with mainstream DJs. He attended his first event later that same year, and he was hooked. Before long, Carr was the proud owner of two new CDJ's and a beat-up mixer, playing non-stop until finally he made the plunge to vinyl. Beginning with house parties, Carr's skill quickly spread, both on his college campus and on the airwaves as a regular on internet radio stations such as ETN.fm, progressing from his campus to gigs around the town of Duluth. Petrogad teamed up with David "Wes" Johnson in the Fall of 2006 to start what would be known as David & Carr.

neg: Jeffrey Foskett Jeffrey Foskett is an American singer, record producer, arranger and guitarist best known for his work with Brian Wilson and The Beach Boys. Foskett is described as The Beach Boys' "vice principal" by its core members.

neg: Dusty Rhodes and the River Band Dusty Rhodes and the River Band were an American six-piece indie-rock group from Anaheim, California. They were heavily influenced by the folk-rock sounds of The Band, the orchestration and production techniques of Brian Wilson of the Beach Boys, and the progressive-rock energy of groups like Yes.


query: Which canal is deeper, the Tamiami Canal or the Oswego Canal?

pos: Tamiami Canal The Tamiami Canal or C-4 Canal, is a canal located in southern Florida in the United States. It flows in a west to east direction from the western part of the state in the Everglades past the Miami International Airport to a salinity control center near the Miami River. It averages 8 ft in depth and is over 100 ft wide in some areas.

pos: Oswego Canal The Oswego Canal is a canal in the New York State Canal System located in New York, United States. Opened in 1828, it is 23.7 miles (38.1 km) in length, and connects the Erie Canal at Three Rivers (near Liverpool) to Lake Ontario at Oswego. The canal has a depth of 14 ft (4.2 m), with seven locks spanning the 118 ft (36 m) change in elevation.

neg: Newichawannock Canal The Newichawannock Canal is a man-made canal which drains Great East Lake into Horn Pond at the border between Wakefield, New Hampshire, and Acton, Maine, in the northeastern United States. It is at the head of the Salmon Falls River, which the Abenaki called "Newichawannock", meaning "river with many falls". Begun in 1850 by the Great Falls Company to increase the water available for its mills in Somersworth, New Hampshire, the 0.75 mi canal is unusual as it was built for strictly industrial purposes in an area remote from the actual industrial site. The canal forms the boundary between the states of New Hampshire and Maine, and is spanned by a stone bridge built at the same time. The canal and bridge, along with related artifacts, were listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 2014.

neg: Malagarasi River The Malagarasi River is a river of southeastern Burundi and northwestern Tanzania, flowing through Kigoma Region. It is the second-longest river in the country, and has the largest watershed of all of the rivers flowing into Lake Tanganyika. The Malagarasi-Muyovozi Wetlands are a designated a Ramsar site. Local tribes have nicknamed the Malagarasi as "the river of bad spirits".

neg: Utica, Clinton and Binghamton Railroad The Utica, Clinton and Binghamton Railroad was a railroad in the state of New York. It was leased by the New York and Oswego Midland Railroad as a branch line in connection with the Rome and Clinton Railroad. After a few years under the Delaware and Hudson Company, it returned to the New York, Ontario and Western Railway system in 1886 and was known by its nickname, "The Peanut". It was later abandoned in 1932.

neg: Lac La Belle, Michigan Lac La Belle (French: "Lake Beautiful"), is the name given to both a lake and a small unincorporated community in Keweenaw County in the U.S. state of Michigan. The town was originally the site of a stamping plant for the copper mines of the Keweenaw, specifically the Mendota Mine and the Delaware Mine. Copper-bearing rock was transported from the mines to the stamping plant, where it was processed and loaded onto freighters. The lake is a typical "Canadian Shield" type lake averaging approximately 30 feet (9 m) deep, and empties into Lake Superior at Bete Gris, by way of both a natural channel and a dredged canal. The canal was dredged in the 1860s with funding from several copper mining companies, for use by lake freighters, carrying copper ore.

neg: Fox–Wisconsin Waterway The Fox–Wisconsin Waterway is a waterway formed by the Fox and Wisconsin Rivers. First used by European settlers in 1673 during the expedition of Marquette & Joliet, it was one of the principal routes used by travelers between the Great Lakes and the Mississippi River until the completion of the Illinois and Michigan Canal in 1848 and the arrival of railroads. The western terminus of the Fox–Wisconsin Waterway was at the Mississippi at Prairie du Chien, Wisconsin. It continued up the Wisconsin River about 116 miles (187 km) until reaching Portage, Wisconsin. There travelers would portage to the Upper Fox River, or eventually, use the Portage Canal. It continued about 160 miles (257 km) down the Fox River, following it through Lake Winnebago and continuing on the Lower Fox over 170 feet (50 m) of falls to the eastern terminus of Green Bay.

neg: Loch Oich Loch Oich ( ; Scottish Gaelic: "Loch Omhaich" ) is a freshwater loch in the Highlands of Scotland which forms part of the Caledonian Canal, of which it is the highest point. This narrow loch lies between Loch Ness (to the Northeast) and Loch Lochy (to the Southwest) in the Great Glen. It is fed by the River Garry (from Loch Garry) from the West, and feeds the River Oich from its North end. The Laggan locks separate it from Loch Lochy.

neg: Loch Ness Loch Ness ( ; Scottish Gaelic: "Loch Nis" ] ) is a large, deep, freshwater loch in the Scottish Highlands extending for approximately 37 km southwest of Inverness. Its surface is 52 ft above sea level. Loch Ness is best known for alleged sightings of the cryptozoological Loch Ness Monster, also known affectionately as "Nessie". It is connected at the southern end by the River Oich and a section of the Caledonian Canal to Loch Oich. At the northern end there is the Bona Narrows which opens out into Loch Dochfour, which feeds the River Ness and a further section of canal to Inverness. It is one of a series of interconnected, murky bodies of water in Scotland; its water visibility is exceptionally low due to a high peat content in the surrounding soil.

neg: Little Oswego Island, Bermuda Little Oswego Island is an island of Bermuda.

neg: Dougall Canal The Dougall Canal is a canal in Simcoe County, Ontario, Canada. It was named in 2015 for Bruce Dougall, who undertook its construction. It is located in Orillia on Couchiching Point, a piece of land that separates Lake Couchiching from Lake Simcoe.

neg: Duluth Ship Canal The Duluth Ship Canal is an artificial channel cut through Minnesota Point, providing direct access to Duluth harbor from Lake Superior. Begun privately in 1871, it was put under federal supervision and maintenance several years later. It is still an important component of the harbor facilities.

neg: St. Joseph Channel The St. Joseph Channel is a strait in Algoma District, Northwestern Ontario, Canada and Chippewa County, Michigan, United States. It is in the Great Lakes Basin and connects the St. Marys River flowing through the Middle Neebish Channel between Neebish Island and Sugar Island at the northwest and Lake George/ East Neebish Channel between Sugar Island and the Ontario mainland at the north, with the North Channel between St. Joseph Island and the Ontario mainland at the east, and with the Munuscong Channel between Neebish Island and St. Joseph Island at the southwest. All of these waterbody elements are part of Lake Huron.

neg: Mozambique Channel The Mozambique Channel (French: "Canal du Mozambique" , Malagasy: "Lakandranon'i Mozambika" , Portuguese: "Canal de Moçambique" ) is an arm of the Indian Ocean located between Madagascar and Mozambique. The channel is about 1600 km long and 419 km across at its narrowest point, and reaches a depth of 3292 m about 230 km off the coast of Mozambique. A warm current, the Mozambique Current, flows in a southward direction in the channel, leading into the Agulhas Current off the east coast of South Africa.

neg: Ala Wai Canal The Ala Wai Canal is an artificial waterway in Honolulu, Hawaii which serves as the northern boundary of the tourist district of Waikīkī. It was created in 1928 for the purpose of draining the rice paddies and swamps which would eventually become the tourist resort area of Waikiki. It also serves as a primary drainage corridor for the rivers and streams that run through central and east Honolulu.

neg: Lake Couchiching Lake Couchiching ( ), from the Ojibwe "gojijiing" meaning "inlet", is a medium-sized lake in Central Ontario separated from Lake Simcoe by a narrow channel. The Trent-Severn Waterway enters Lake Simcoe by the Talbot River and exits this lake by the Severn River which empties into Georgian Bay. The lake is 16 km long, slightly less than 5 km wide and fairly shallow with an average depth of six metres. The city of Orillia is located on the narrow channel connecting this lake with Lake Simcoe.

neg: Portage Bay Portage Bay is a body of water, often thought of as the eastern arm of Lake Union, that forms a part of the Lake Washington Ship Canal in Seattle, Washington.

neg: Washington Canal (New Jersey) The Washington Canal, in Sayreville, New Jersey, is a waterway connecting the South River with the Raritan River, bypassing several loops at the mouth of the former.

neg: Gooding Milner canal The Gooding Milner canal is an irrigation canal that runs through the Magic Valley (in Idaho, United States) providing water to nearby farms. It starts 5 miles north of Acequia, on the Minidoka Dam, and runs past Rupert, Paul, Eden, Hazelton, Dietrich, Shoshone and Bliss before emptying into the Big Wood River in Gooding.

neg: Oswego Yacht Club Oswego Yacht Club is a yacht club, established in 1881, located in Oswego, New York.

neg: Tambo River (Peru) The Tambo River (Spanish: Río Tambo) is a Peruvian river on the eastern slopes of the Andes. The name only refers to a relatively short section; about 159 km long. It starts at the confluence of the Ene and Perené Rivers at the town of Puerto Prado. From here the Tambo River flows 70 km in an easterly direction and then turns north. When merging with the Urubamba River at the town of Atalaya, it becomes the Ucayali River.

neg: Katchewanooka Lake Katchewanooka Lake is one of the Kawartha lakes in south-central Ontario, Canada. It is about 5 mi long and .5 mi wide. The Trent Severn Waterway flows through Lake Katchewanooka into the Otonabee River at its outlet just north of Lakefield, continuing southwest through Peterborough into Rice Lake.


query: What Russian born contemporary artist, musician, and online curator did Fran Ilich collaborate with?

pos: Fran Ilich Fran Ilich Morales is a Mexican writer and media artist who principally works on the theory and practice of narrative media. Born in 1975, during the early 1990s he co-founded the Contra-Cultura (menor) collective and was involved in the independent media scene in Tijuana—mainly the cyberpunk scene—where he was known to be an eclectic producer working with literature, photography, comics, videofilms and electronic music. Because of this, he was identified as part of the Generation X of Mexican literature, with other writers like Guillermo Fadanelli & Naief Yehya. In 1995 he began publishing Cinemátik, a printed tabloid on urban electronic culture. In 1996 he was a screenwriter for Discovery Channel Interacción, a show produced by Beatriz Acevedo. In 1997 he published his first novel, Metro-Pop. In 1998 he was signed by Digital Entertainment Network as creator for a series of 6-minute shows targeting young Latino audiences. However, the series never was produced, as the multimedia dot-com company and internet pioneer went bankrupt. The same year, along with other members of Laboratorios Cinemátik, he produced Cinemátik 1.0, which is considered to be the first cyberculture festival in Latin America. He was part of the initial group of artists and producers who founded Nortec, though he distanced himself from this scene in 1999 and moved to Berlin. There, he became involved with Nettime, collaborating with Florian Schneider, Geert Lovink, Natalie Bookchin, Pit Schultz, Ricardo Dominguez and Alexei Shulgin.

pos: Alexei Shulgin Alexei Shulgin (Russian: Алексей Шульгин ; born 1963 in Moscow) is a Russian born contemporary artist, musician, and online curator. Working out of Moscow and Helsinki, Shulgin established the Immediate Photography Group in 1988 and started his career in this area of study. After 1990, he shifted his interests from photography to the Internet, and consequently, in 1994, founded Moscow-WWW-Art-Lab WWW Art Lab, collaborating with many artists from London and Slovenia. That very same year, the artist created an online photo museum called "Hot Pictures". In 1997, Shulgin continued his work with the invention of Form Art (Form Art), and later that year the introduction of the Easy Life website (Easy Life). In 1999, Shulgin became Webmaster at FUFME, Inc. Since 2004, Shulgin has been a co-owner of Electroboutique (Electroboutique).

neg: Jacques von Polier Jacques von Polier (in Russian: Жак фон Полье ) (born September 5, 1979) is a French designer based in Russia. He has collaborated on various artistic and design projects and is heading the creative and design department of the "Petrodvorets Watch Factory - Raketa".

neg: Tristan Perich Tristan Perich (born 1982) is a contemporary composer and sound artist from New York City who focuses on electronic one bit sound.

neg: Vitaly Pushnitsky Vitaly Pushnitsky (Russian: Вита́лий Ю́рьевич Пушни́цкий ; born 7 July 1967, Leningrad, USSR) is a Russian artist based in Saint-Petersburg, Russia. He is internationally recognized as a painter, sculptor, graphic artist and as a creator of installations, art objects and multimedia. He is considered one of Russia's leading contemporary artists.

neg: Boaz Levin Boaz Levin (born 1989, Jerusalem) is an artist, writer and curator who lives and works in Berlin, Germany. Levin is the co-founder, together with Vera Tollmann, Maximilan Schmoetzer and Hito Steyerl, of the Research Center for Proxy Politics. He is a member of the curatorial team of the 7th edition of the Biennale für aktuelle Fotografie, which will open in September 2017.

neg: Florian Froehlich Florian Froehlich, born December 17, 1959, in Pfaeffikon in Switzerland, is a contemporary artist who creates paintings, sculptures, stained-glass, and installations.

neg: Russian Culture Now Russian Culture Now is a non-profit group based in Chicago that is dedicated to increasing awareness of Russian artists in the United States, especially those in classical music, dance or opera. Founded in 2010, the organization hosts receptions for visiting Russian artists, such as Russian choreographer Boris Eifman on April 23, 2011. Russian Culture Now is also known for its scholarship program, which gives out $500 to 10 middle school, high school and college students who have an interest in either the arts or Russian culture. Russian Culture Now was founded by Aleksandra Efimova, president of Russian Pointe, a brand of ballet pointe shoes.

neg: Vitaly Margulis Vitaly Iosifovich Margulis (Russian: Виталий Иосифович Маргулис ; April 16, 1928 – May 29, 2011) was a Russian classical pianist.

neg: Nicholas Goldfinches-Kulikovich Nicholas Goldfinches-Kulikovich (Belarusian: Mikalai Shchagloў-Kulіkovіch, born on 13 October 1896, Moscow, Russian Empire - died on 31 March 1969, Chicago, United States) was a cultural and social activist, composer and musicologist, researcher of Belarusian church and secular music.

neg: Peter Weibel Peter Weibel (] ; born 5 March 1944 in Odessa, USSR) is an Austrian artist, curator and theoretician.

neg: Aleksandra Mir Aleksandra Mir (born 1967) is a contemporary artist. She was born in Poland, has American and Swedish citizenship, and lives in London.

neg: Mark Kadin Mark Kadin (Russian: Марк Львович Кадин ; born April 28, 1965) is a Russian chief conductor and musical director of Ukrainian origin.

neg: Olya Kroytor Olya Kroytor (born 1986) is a Russian contemporary artist, based in Moscow. She works in the mediums of painting, collage, installation, sculpture, image manipulation and performance. She is particularly renowned for her performance pieces, receiving the Kandinsky Prize in 2015 in the category of 'Young artist: Project of the Year'.

neg: Ilya Gringolts Ilya Gringolts (born 2 July 1982 in Leningrad (now St. Petersburg)) is a Russian violinist and composer.

neg: Veronika Drahotová Veronika Drahotová (born July 25, 1975) is a Czech artist and curator best known for mixed-media work incorporating painting, photography, video and installation.

neg: Ilja Reijngoud Ilja Reijngoud (born 5 July 1972) is a Dutch jazz trombonist, composer, arranger and educator who has played with many renowned artists.

neg: Aleksey Garnizov Alexey Albertovich Garnizoff (Russian: Алексей Альбертович Гарнизов , born 25 February 1963) is a Russian music composer, director and producer; a Meritorious Artist of Russia.

neg: Pole Folder Benoit Franquet better known as Pole Folder is a Belgian electronic musician and live club performer, based in Brussels.

neg: Vladimir Rubin Vladimir Ilich Rubin (Russian: Владимир Ильич Ру́бин ; born August 5, 1924, Moscow) is a Soviet and Russian composer. People's Artist of Russia (1995).

neg: Simon Kozhin Simon L. Kozhin (Kojin) (Russian: Семён Кожин ) (born March 1979 in Moscow) is a contemporary Russian artist.

neg: Georgy Kiesewalter Georgy Kiesewalter (Russian: Георгий Кизевальтер, b. 1955 in Moscow) is a Russian conceptual artist, photographer and essayist. As an artist, he uses a wide range of media to communicate his concepts to the public —– from painting to graphic art, from installations to conceptual photography and digital art.


query: Kevin Stanley Beeston FCMA is chairman of Taylor Wimpey plc and Equiniti Group plc, Senior Independent Director of Severn Trent plc, Non-Executive Director of which British brewery and pub operator, that it operates over 1,700 pubs in the UK, and is the world's largest brewer of cask ale?

pos: Kevin Beeston Kevin Stanley Beeston FCMA is chairman of Taylor Wimpey plc and Equiniti Group plc, Senior Independent Director of Severn Trent plc, Non-Executive Director of Marston Group Limited and a director of the Premier League.

pos: Marston's Brewery Marston's is a British brewery and pub operator. It operates over 1,700 pubs in the UK, and is the world's largest brewer of cask ale. 90 per cent of profits come from the pubs division. It was known as Wolverhampton and Dudley Breweries plc until 2007 when it rebranded as Marston's.

neg: Slough Trading Estate The Slough Trading Estate founded in Slough in the south of Buckinghamshire in 1920, was an early business park in the United Kingdom. According to the estate's owners and operators, SEGRO (formerly Slough Estates plc), Slough Trading Estate consists of 486 acre of commercial property in Slough and provides 7500000 sqft of accommodation to 500 businesses and has a working population of about 20,000 people. Slough Trading Estate is the largest industrial estate in single private ownership in Europe. There are over 600 buildings. The Estate is home to 400 tenants from countries including America, Italy, Japan, Germany and Korea. Companies using the park include, Fiat Group Automobiles UK Ltd, Centrica, Yell, Electrolux, GlaxoSmithKline, Mars Confectionery, Akzo Nobel, Virgin Media, O2, the datacentre operator Network-i and OKI Printing Solutions. It is also home to important small, medium and large businesses.

neg: ThaiBev Thai Beverage, better known as ThaiBev (Thai: ไทยเบฟ) (), is Thailand's largest and one of Southeast Asia's largest beverage companies, with distilleries in Thailand, Scotland and China. Listed on the Singapore Stock Exchange, Thai Beverage Plc has a market capitalization in excess of US$4 billion.

neg: Great British Beer Festival The Great British Beer Festival (GBBF) is an annual beer festival organised by the Campaign for Real Ale (CAMRA). It presents a selection of cask ales and other alcoholic drinks from the UK and beyond. The festival is also home to the Champion Beer of Britain awards. GBBF's sister festival, the National Winter Ales Festival concentrates on beer styles such as porter and stout, and is held in August of each year.

neg: Hydes Hydes is a family-owned and managed brewery in Salford, England. The company has been brewing real ale since 1863. It owns more than 80 managed and tenanted pubs, mainly in North West England, but also in North Wales.

neg: Luke Johnson (businessman) Luke Oliver Johnson (born 2 February 1962), is a British entrepreneur, best known for his involvement with Pizza Express chain. He is a former chairman of the Royal Society of Arts and Channel 4. He writes a weekly column for "The Sunday Times". Johnson calls himself a "projector", in line with the 17th century term for a man involved in many different businesses. However, others regard him as just a serial entrepreneur.

neg: Bass Maltings, Sleaford The Bass Maltings in Sleaford, England are a large group of eight disused malt houses originally owned by the Bass Brewery of Burton upon Trent. Constructed between 1901 and 1907 to Herbert A. Couchman's design, the maltings are the largest group of malt houses in England; they have been designated Grade II* on the National Heritage List for England, recognising them as "particularly important ... of more than special interest."

neg: Charrington Brewery Charrington Brewery was a brewery company founded in Bethnal Green, London in the early 18th century by Robert Westfield. In 1766, John Charrington joined the company, which then traded as Westfield, Moss & Charrington from the Anchor Brewery in Mile End. It merged with United Breweries of London in 1964 to become Charrington United Breweries, then, after acquiring a number of other breweries, it merged with Bass Brewery in 1967 to become the largest UK brewing company, Bass Charrington, later simply Bass plc. The brewing operations of the company were bought by Interbrew (now Anheuser-Busch InBev) in 2000, while the retail side (hotel and pub holdings) were renamed Six Continents. In 2003 Six Continents split into a pubs business, now known as Mitchells & Butlers, and a hotels and soft drinks business, now known as InterContinental Hotels Group.

neg: Chase Distillery Chase Distillery, Ltd. is a British single-estate distillery based in Herefordshire, United Kingdom. William Chase, the former owner and founder of Tyrrells crisps, founded the family-run business in 2008. Using ingredients sourced on-site at Rosemaund Farm, the distillery focuses its production on potato vodka, gin and cider.

neg: St. James' Gate St. James' Gate Brewery (Irish: "Grúdlann Gheata Naomh Séamuis" ) is a brewery founded in 1759 in Dublin, Ireland, by Arthur Guinness. The company is now a part of Diageo, a company formed from the merger of Guinness and Grand Metropolitan in 1997. The main product of the brewery is Guinness Draught.

neg: Greene King Greene King is the UK's largest pub retailer and brewer. It is based in Bury St Edmunds, Suffolk, England. The company owns pubs, restaurants and hotels. It is listed on the London Stock Exchange and is a constituent of the FTSE 250 Index.

neg: Simonds Brewery H & G Simonds Ltd was a brewery founded in Reading, Berkshire, England in 1785 by William Blackall Simonds. The company amalgamated with Courage & Barclay in 1960 and dropped the Simonds name after ten years. Eventually the firm became part of Scottish & Newcastle who sold the brands to Wells & Young's Brewery in 2007 and closed the Reading brewery three years later.

neg: Fushi Copperweld Fushi Copperweld, Inc. (Simplified Chinese: 傅氏科普威) is a Sino-American company based in Beijing, China. It was formed from the acquisition of an American wire company, Copperweld Bimetallics LLC, by Chinese manufacturer Fushi International in October 2007. The combined company is the largest manufacturer and supplier of bimetallic electrical conductor products in the world by volume. Its main products are wire, stranded electrical cable, and busbar made from its Copperweld brand copper-clad steel ("CCS") or copper-clad aluminium ("CCA"). In addition to its Chinese and American operations, Fushi Copperweld maintains a production facility in Telford, England, and a distribution hub in Liège, Belgium.

neg: Beer by region This is a list of articles and categories dealing with beer by region, including breweries and brewing in general. Beer is the world's most widely consumed alcoholic beverage, and is the third-most popular drink overall, after water and tea. It is thought by some to be the oldest fermented beverage. A brewery is a dedicated building for the making of beer, though beer can be made at home, and has been for much of beer's history. A company that makes beer is called either a brewery or a brewing company. The diversity of size in breweries is matched by the diversity of processes, degrees of automation, and kinds of beer produced in breweries. A brewery is typically divided into distinct sections, with each section reserved for one part of the brewing process.

neg: Pilkington Pilkington Group Limited is a multinational glass manufacturing company headquartered in St Helens, United Kingdom and a wholly owned subsidiary of the Japan-based NSG Group. Prior to its acquisition by NSG in 2006 it was an independent company listed on the London Stock Exchange and for a time was a constituent of the FTSE 100 Index.

neg: List of breweries in England This is a list of breweries in England. Beer in England pre-dates other alcoholic drinks produced in England, and has been brewed continuously since prehistoric times. As a beer brewing country, England is known for its top fermented cask beer (also called real ale) which finishes maturing in the cellar of the pub rather than at the brewery and is served with only natural carbonation. Modern developments include consolidation of large brewers into multinational corporations; growth of beer consumerism; expansion of microbreweries and increased interest in bottle conditioned beers.

neg: HonestBrew HonestBrew is a United Kingdom-based Craft Beer Club company which delivers craft beer subscription boxes. The company distributes thousands of craft beer boxes from over 100 breweries from around the world, per week across the UK.

neg: Ken Hydon Kenneth John Hydon FCMA, FCCA, FCT (born November 1944) is a British accountant who is a non-executive director of two FTSE 100 companies: RB (Reckitt Benckiser) and Merlin Entertainments Group and was formerly the financial director of Vodafone. He was also a non-executive director of Tesco, Pearson and the Royal Berkshire NHS Foundation Trust, an acute general hospital in the UK.

neg: Batemans Brewery Batemans Brewery (George Bateman & Son Ltd) is an English brewery based at Salem Bridge Brewery in Wainfleet, Lincolnshire, and founded in 1874. The company owns 69 public houses, with 23 situated in Boston alone. The brewery focuses on cask conditioned ales, their best known being "XB" and "XXXB". Their slogan is "Good Honest Ales".

neg: Mighty Oak Brewery Mighty Oak Brewing Co Ltd is a small brewery located in the town of Maldon, Essex. It has won many awards from the Campaign for Real Ale (CAMRA).

neg: Cotswold Brewing Co. Cotswolds Brewing Co. is a microbrewery in Cheltenham, England in the United Kingdom. Aside from beer, they also produce vodka and gin.


query: What are both Erich von Stroheim and Stephen Sommers?

pos: Erich von Stroheim Erich von Stroheim (born Erich Oswald Stroheim; September 22, 1885 – May 12, 1957) was an Austrian-American director, actor and producer, most notable as being a film star of the silent era, subsequently noted as an auteur for his directorial work. He died in 1957 in France, at age 71.

pos: Stephen Sommers Stephen Sommers (born March 20, 1962) is an American screenwriter and film director, best known for "The Mummy" (1999) and its sequel, "The Mummy Returns" (2001). He also directed Disney's live action version of "Rudyard Kipling's The Jungle Book" (1994), the action/horror film "Van Helsing" (2004), and "" (2009).

neg: Stephen Larsen H. Stephen Larsen is a psychologist and author who, with his wife Robin Larsen, was on the founding board of advisors of the Joseph Campbell Foundation, and also founded the Center for Symbolic Studies, to carry on with the work of Joseph Campbell. He is best known for his work in mythology, and for being a pioneer in the field of neurofeedback.

neg: Erich Kahn Erich Kahn (1904–1979) was a German Expressionist, and a survivor of the Nazi persecution of Jews and Gypsies during the events that led to World War II.

neg: Martin Sommer Walter Gerhard Martin Sommer (8 February 1915 – 7 June 1988) was an SS Hauptscharführer (master sergeant) who served as a guard at the concentration camps of Dachau and Buchenwald. Sommer, known as the "Hangman of Buchenwald" was considered a depraved sadist who reportedly ordered two Austrian priests, Otto Neururer and Mathias Spannlang, crucified upside-down.

neg: Christina Hoff Sommers Christina Marie Hoff Sommers (born September 28, 1950) is an American author and philosopher. She is a resident scholar at the American Enterprise Institute (AEI), a conservative think tank. Sommers is known for her critique of contemporary feminism. Her work includes the books "Who Stole Feminism?" (1994) and "The War Against Boys" (2000), and her writing has been featured in a variety of different media outlets, including "The New York Times", "Time" magazine, and "The Atlantic". She also hosts a video blog called "The Factual Feminist".

neg: Christine Sommer Christine Sommer (born 1970 in Vienna) is an Austrian actress.

neg: Erich Walther Erich Walther (5 August 1903 – 26 December 1947) was a German paratroop general during World War II. He was a recipient of the Knight's Cross of the Iron Cross with Oak Leaves and Swords of Nazi Germany. Walther commanded the Hermann Göring 2nd Parachute Panzer-Grenadier Division in East Prussia. Promoted to Generalmajor on 30 January 1945 he surrendered the Red Army on 8 May 1945. He died at Soviet Special Camp 2 on 26 December 1947.

neg: Bruno Bettelheim Bruno Bettelheim (August 28, 1903 – March 13, 1990) was an Austrian-born self-educated psychoanalyst who spent the bulk of his academic career from 1944 to 1973, as a professor of psychology at the University of Chicago and director of the Orthogenic School for Disturbed Children.

neg: Stephen Robert Stephen Robert (born June 13, 1940) is an American financial business executive, academic administrator, and philanthropist. He was Chairman and CEO of Oppenheimer & Co. from 1983 to 1997, and Chancellor of Brown University from 1998 to 2007. As a philanthropist he heads his Source of Hope Foundation, which provides basic services to communities in great need around the world. As a journalist, he has published articles on Israeli–Palestinian relations, and on the U.S. economy, in major national and international publications.

neg: Erich Bauer Erich Bauer (March 26, 1900 – February 4, 1980), sometimes referred to as "Gasmeister", was a low-level commander in the SS of Nazi Germany and a Holocaust perpetrator. He participated in Action T4 program and later in Operation Reinhard, serving as a gas chamber operator at Sobibór extermination camp.

neg: Richard Paul Wülker Richard Paul Wülker, until 1884 surname spelled as Wülcker (29 July 1845, in Frankfurt am Main – 8 August 1910, in Leipzig) was a German Anglist.

neg: Erich-Fromm-Preis The Erich-Fromm-Preis is a German prize bestowed upon people who have advanced Humanism through their scientific, social, sociopolitical or journalistic engagement. The prize is named after Erich Fromm, a Jewish German-American philosopher, psychoanalyst and psychologist. The price is conferred yearly since 1995, and since 2006, it is endowed with 10'000 €.

neg: Christl Ruth Vonholdt Christl Ruth Vonholdt (born 1954) is a German physician for Child and Adolescent Medicine, Director of the German Institute for Youth and Society (Deutsches Institut für Jugend und Gesellschaft), Christian author and is member of the Reichenberg Fellowship.

neg: Wilhelm D. Styer Wilhelm Delp Styer (22 July 1893 – 26 February 1975) was a lieutenant general in the United States Army during World War II. A graduate of the United States Military Academy at West Point with the class of 1916, he was commissioned into the United States Army Corps of Engineers and served with the Pancho Villa Expedition and on the Western Front. Between the wars he obtained a degree in civil engineering from the Massachusetts Institute of Technology. He was executive officer and assistant district engineer of the New York Engineer District.

neg: Maximilian von Edelsheim Maximilian von Edelsheim (6 July 1897 – 26 April 1994) was a general in the Wehrmacht of Nazi Germany during World War II. He was a recipient of the Knight's Cross of the Iron Cross with Oak Leaves and Swords.

neg: Ben Sommers Ben Sommers (1906-1985) was a leading philanthropic figure in the world of dance, and president of the Capezio dance and theatre shoe company from 1940 to his death. He established the Capezio Foundation in 1951, which focused on dance, especially the regional ballet movement. In 1957, he founded the Capezio Awards which recognise the lifetime achievements of those in dance, including Martha Graham, Jerome Robbins, Alvin Ailey and Agnes de Mille. Sommers was also founder of the Association of American Dance Companies. In 1978, the same year he managed to persuade the United States Postal Service to issue stamps commemorating dance, he established National Dance Week, followed by International Dance Week in 1985.

neg: Stephen Hansen Stephen Hansen (28 September 1701 – 22 January 1770) was a Danish industrialist, businessman and General War Commissioner. He is most known for his involvement with Kronborg Rifle Factory in Hellebæk and for building Hellebækgård as well as the Stephen Hansen Mansion on the harbourfront in Helsingør..

neg: Stephen Holden Stephen Holden (born July 18, 1941) is an American writer, music critic, film critic, and poet.

neg: Erich Fromm Erich Seligmann Fromm (] ; March 23, 1900 – March 18, 1980) was a German social psychologist, psychoanalyst, sociologist, humanistic philosopher, and democratic socialist. He was one of Founders of The William Allison White Institute of Psychiatry, Psychoanalysis and Psychology in New York City and was associated with the Frankfurt School of critical theory.

neg: Erich Ott Erich Ott (born 3 December 1944 in Oberammergau, Germany) is a German sculptor, engraver, and designer.

neg: Leon Stover Leon Eugene Stover (April 9, 1929 – November 25, 2006) was an anthropologist, a Sinologist, and a science fiction fan, who wrote both fiction and nonfiction. He was a scholar of the works of H. G. Wells and Robert A. Heinlein and a frequent collaborator with Harry Harrison.


query: What is the nationality of the artist who had a song that was ahead of "Lightning" when it debuted on the UK Singles Chart?

pos: Lightning (song) "Lightning" is a song by British-Irish boy band The Wanted, taken as the third single from their second studio album, "Battleground". It was released on 16 October 2011. The song was written by Steve Mac, Wayne Hector and Ed Drewett, the same team responsible for the band's number-one single, "Glad You Came". The song debuted at number two on the UK Singles Chart, behind Rihanna's "We Found Love". The single was originally intended for release in the United States, following the success of "Glad You Came", and a promotional remix single was issued, however, its release was cancelled.

pos: We Found Love "We Found Love" is a song recorded by Barbadian singer Rihanna from her sixth studio album, "Talk That Talk" (2011). It was written and produced by, and features Scottish DJ Calvin Harris; the song was also featured on his third album "18 Months" (2012). "We Found Love" premiered on September 22, 2011, on the Capital FM radio station in the United Kingdom, and was made available to download on the same day as the lead single from "Talk That Talk". "We Found Love" is an uptempo electro house song, with elements of techno and Europop. The song's lyrics speak of a couple who "found love in a hopeless place".

neg: Loving You (Matt Cardle and Melanie C song) "Loving You" is a single by English recording artists Matt Cardle and Melanie C. It was written by Cardle, Jez Ashurst, Will Talbot, Jamie Scott, and Melanie C, and it was produced by Cardle, Scott, and Toby Smith. It features Cardle on drums and acoustic guitar. The single was released on 18 August 2013 in the United Kingdom as a digital download as the lead single from his third studio album "Porcelain" (2013). It has also been released in many countries worldwide, making it the first of his singles to be released outside the United Kingdom and Ireland. Despite only BBC Radio 2 playlisiting the song, which meant a lack of airplay on radio overall, it performed well in the charts.

neg: I Will Never Let You Down "I Will Never Let You Down" is a song by British singer Rita Ora, released on 31 March 2014, through Roc Nation and Columbia Records. The song debuted at number one on the UK Singles Chart, making it Ora's fourth overall UK number-one single (and third as a solo artist) within three years.

neg: Pendulum (FKA Twigs song) "Pendulum" is a song by English singer FKA Twigs from her debut studio album, "LP1" (2014). The song was released digitally on 30 July 2014 as the album's second single. It was also released on 12-inch vinyl the day before, serving as the B-side to "Two Weeks". "Pendulum" premiered on Zane Lowe's BBC Radio 1 show on 29 July 2014. Upon its premiere, Twigs referred to the track as "one of my favourite songs on my record."

neg: Lights (Ellie Goulding album) Lights is the debut studio album by English singer Ellie Goulding, released on 26 February 2010 by Polydor Records. Goulding collaborated with several producers on the album, including Starsmith, Fraser T Smith, Frankmusik, Richard "Biff" Stannard, Ash Howes, Liam Howe, Fred Falke and Mumford & Sons' Ben Lovett. The album received generally positive reviews from music critics, who complimented Goulding's electronic edge, while less favourable reviews felt the sound was generic. "Lights" debuted atop the UK Albums Chart with first-week sales of 36,854 copies. In North America, the album charted at number 21 in the United States and number 66 in Canada. It spawned four singles: "Under the Sheets", "Starry Eyed", "Guns and Horses" and "The Writer".

neg: Katongo Katongo Temba, commonly known as Katongo, is a Zambian born British singer, songwriter and model. Her genre of music is Afropop.

neg: Chiara (Italian singer) Chiara Galiazzo ] (born 12 August 1986), better known as simply Chiara, is an Italian singer. She rose to fame in 2012, after winning the sixth season of the Italian talent show "X Factor". Her debut single, titled "Due respiri" and co-written by Eros Ramazzotti, was released on 8 December 2012 and debuted atop the Italian Singles Chart. Chiara released her first studio album, "Un posto nel mondo", which debuted at number 2 on the Italian Albums Chart, and spawned the singles "Il futuro che sarà", "Mille passi" and "Vieni con me". In November of the same year, Galiazzo featured on Mika's single "Stardust", which became a number-one hit in Italy.

neg: List of UK Singles Chart Christmas number twos Every year in the UK Singles Chart, there is a highly publicised race for the top slot on the chart immediately prior to Christmas, an honour known as the Christmas Number One. The UK public take a particular interest in chart performance and sales of singles are especially high in the two weeks before Christmas. The race for first position at Christmas has become a British institution and people will speculate, comment and bet upon the outcome.

neg: Red Rain (song) "Red Rain" is the first track on English rock musician Peter Gabriel's 1986 solo album "So". In the USA, it was the second single from the album and reached number three on "Billboard" magazine's Mainstream Rock chart in 1986, where it stayed for three weeks between July and August. In the rest of the world it was not released until 1987 and received less airplay and sales, peaking at 46 in the UK singles chart after entering the chart in July of that year. A live version also charted in the US and the UK in 1994.

neg: Two Weeks (FKA Twigs song) "Two Weeks" is a song by English singer FKA Twigs from her debut studio album, "LP1" (2014). The song was released digitally on 24 June 2014 as the album's lead single. It was also released on 12" vinyl on 29 July 2014, featuring the song "Pendulum" as a B-side.

neg: Heaven (Emeli Sandé song) "Heaven" is the debut single from Scottish recording artist Emeli Sandé. It was released by Virgin Records after she signed a record deal with the label after the success of single "Never Be Your Woman" which Sandé was featured as a guest artist. It was also the first release from Sandé's debut album, "Our Version of Events", on 14 August 2011. The single was added to BBC Radio 1's playlist in June 2011. The song was also crowned record of the week by the station’s daytime DJ, Fearne Cotton. The single is written by Sandé, Naughty Boy, Craze and Hoax, with producer Mike Spencer.

neg: Everything I Wanted (Dannii Minogue song) "Everything I Wanted" is a pop–dance song written by Dannii Minogue, Mark Taylor and Steve Torch for Minogue's third studio album "Girl" (1997). The song was produced by Metro and received a positive reception from music critics. It was released as the second single in the fourth quarter of 1997. In Australia, the song only managed to peak at number 44. It was a bigger hit in the United Kingdom, reaching number fifteen and going on to sell 70,000 copies, as well as achieving success on the Upfront Club dance chart, where it reached the top position, becoming Minogue's second single to do so.

neg: Shannon (South Korean singer) Shannon Areum Williams Lees (Hangul: 샤넌 아름 윌리엄스 리즈 ; born 26 May 1998), referred to monomously as Shannon or Shannon Williams, is a British-Korean singer and actress based in South Korea. She officially debuted as a solo artist in December 2014 with her digital single, "Daybreak Rain".

neg: Leona Lewis discography British singer Leona Lewis has released five studio albums, sixteen singles, one video album, and sixteen music videos. Following winning the third series of British television talent show, "The X Factor" in 2006, Lewis released "A Moment Like This" in the United Kingdom and Ireland, which became the fastest selling single ever by a female artist in the UK. Her follow-up single, "Bleeding Love" reached number one in 34 countries, and was the biggest-selling single of 2008 worldwide. Lewis's first studio album, "Spirit" was released to follow the single; it became the fastest-selling debut album of all time in the UK and Ireland, and the first debut album by a British solo artist to debut at number one on the "Billboard" 200. As of April 2012, "Spirit" is the 20th biggest-selling album of all time in the UK. The next single, "Better in Time", was also successful worldwide, reaching the top ten in many countries. Subsequent singles "Forgive Me" and "Run" were released across Europe and Australia; "Forgive Me" went on to moderate success, while "Run" became Lewis's third number one in the UK, and also reached the top spot in Austria and Ireland. "I Will Be" was released as the final single in North America.

neg: Time After Time (Angel song) "Time After Time" is a song by British singer-songwriter and producer Angel. It was first released in the United Kingdom on 29 November 2012 as the third single from his debut studio album "About Time" (2013). The song has peaked to number 41 on the UK Singles Chart and number 4 on the UK R&B Chart.

neg: Somebody Sent Me an Angel Somebody Sent Me An Angel is the debut album of the Australian singer and songwriter Jane Comerford. It was first released in 1997 in Germany and re-released on 2 May 2006 after Jane Comerford and the band Texas Lightning represented Germany at the Eurovision Song Contest in 2006.

neg: Touch My Fire "Touch My Fire" is the fifth single by UK R&B star Javine. The single was the UK's entry for the Eurovision Song Contest for 2005 and her first for Island Records. It was the first new material from Javine since her debut album, "Surrender", was released in 2004.

neg: Taylor Swift discography American singer-songwriter Taylor Swift's career began with a record deal with Big Machine Records in 2005 and the release of her eponymous debut album the following year. In the United States, "Taylor Swift" peaked at number five on the "Billboard" 200 and stayed the longest on the chart during the 2000s. All of its singles—"Tim McGraw", "Teardrops on My Guitar", "Our Song", "Picture to Burn", and "Should've Said No"—charted within the top forty in the United States and were certified platinum by the RIAA. Swift followed with the release of the EPs "" and "Beautiful Eyes", which peaked at number twenty and number nine on the "Billboard" 200, respectively.

neg: Daley (musician) Gareth Daley (born 29 September 1989), better known professionally as Daley (pronounced "day-lee"), is a British recording artist and songwriter. Daley first became prominent after co-writing and featuring on the Gorillaz 2010 single "Doncamatic", having been spotted by the band's creator Damon Albarn early in his career as an underground artist on the London music scene. The song exposed him to a wider international audience. In 2011, his mixtape "Those Who Wait" was independently released and achieved 150,000 downloads over its first twelve months. Its success saw him promptly signed to Universal Music.

neg: List of UK top 10 singles in 2005 The UK Singles Chart is one of many music charts compiled by the Official Charts Company that calculates the best-selling singles of the week in the United Kingdom. Before 2004, the chart was only based on the sales of physical singles. This list shows singles that peaked in the Top 10 of the UK Singles Chart during 2005, as well as songs which peaked in 2004 and 2006 but were in the top 10 in 2005. The entry date is when the song appeared in the top 10 for the first time (week ending, as published by the Official Charts Company, which is six days after the chart is announced).

neg: Blue (Da Ba Dee) "Blue (Da Ba Dee)" is a song by the Italian music group Eiffel 65. It was released on 15 January 1999 as the lead single from their debut album "Europop". The song is the group's most popular single, reaching number one in many countries such as Ireland, the United Kingdom, the Netherlands, France, Sweden, Switzerland, New Zealand, Finland, Norway, Australia, and Germany, as well as reaching number six on the "Billboard" Hot 100 in the United States. In the United Kingdom, the song originally entered the top 40 purely on import sales. It was only the third single to do this.