query: Songcatcher is a 2000 drama film directed by Maggie Greenwald, although a fictional film, it is loosely based on the work of Olive Dame Campbell, founder of which school, founded to nurture and preserve the folk arts of the Appalachian Mountains, and is located near Brasstown, North Carolina along the Cherokee County and Clay line?

pos: Songcatcher Songcatcher is a 2000 drama film directed by Maggie Greenwald. It is about a musicologist researching and collecting Appalachian folk music in the mountains of western North Carolina. Although "Songcatcher" is a fictional film, it is loosely based on the work of Olive Dame Campbell, founder of the John C. Campbell Folk School in Brasstown, North Carolina, and that of the English folk song collector Cecil Sharp, portrayed at the end of the film as professor Cyrus Whittle.

pos: John C. Campbell Folk School The John C. Campbell Folk School, also referred to as "The Folk School" is located near Brasstown, North Carolina along the Cherokee County and Clay line. The school was founded to nurture and preserve the folk arts of the Appalachian Mountains, it is a non-profit adult educational organization based on non-competitive learning. Founded in 1925, the Folk School's motto is “I sing behind the plow”.

neg: Bard College Conservatory of Music The Bard College Conservatory of Music is part of Bard College in Annandale-on-Hudson, New York. Founded in 2005, the program is unique among music conservatories in the United States in that all undergraduate students are required to participate in a five-year dual-degree program, in which both a B.M. in music and a B.A. in a subject other than music are obtained. Many of the Conservatory's faculty also teach at other conservatories such as the Juilliard School and the Curtis Institute.

neg: Coleman River Coleman River is a 6.6 mi stream that is located in the Blue Ridge Mountains, mostly within Rabun County, Georgia. It is one of the main tributaries of the Tallulah River. The headwaters of Coleman River are located in Clay County, North Carolina, and the river travels a short distance before crossing into Georgia. The length of Coleman River in Rabun County is approximately 5.4 mi , with about 1.3 mi traveling through private lands and about 4.1 mi traveling through the Chattahoochee National Forest. The northern part of Coleman River in Georgia, from an elevation of about 2800 ft northward, together with the portion of Coleman River in North Carolina, is located in the Southern Nantahala Wilderness.

neg: Carver High School (North Carolina) Carver High School is a traditional public high school located in Winston-Salem, North Carolina, United States. It serves students in grade levels 9, 10, 11, and 12 as part of the Winston-Salem/Forsyth County Schools system. This historically black school was named for George Washington Carver. The school colors are blue and gold and the mascot is the yellow jacket.

neg: Waldorf School of New Orleans The Waldorf School of New Orleans (formerly The Hill School) is a private school based on the Waldorf philosophy. Founded in 2000, Waldorf School of New Orleans is located in the heart of the Irish Channel neighborhood of New Orleans. The school is located in an around the start of the 20th century bread factory that has been renovated into a loft-like setting. The school offers a developmentally appropriate, experiential approach to education, integrating the arts and academics for children from preschool through 8th grade. In 2005, the school's buildings were flooded in Hurricane Katrina.

neg: Culture of North Carolina The Culture of North Carolina is a subculture in the United States. As a coastal state, North Carolina culture has been greatly influenced by the southeastern United States and early settlers from England. More recently, North Carolina has a seen an influx of immigrants from New England as well as Hispanic immigrants. Many of these recent transplants aggregate in one of several urban centers on cat Carolina, such as the Research Triangle Park area. Rural North Carolina has a rich culture with roots in colonial and Confederate times. Agriculture is a major component of the economy in rural North Carolina, and thus many local traditions are centered on the lifestyles associated with farming. Some of these traditions are reflected in pop culture in North Carolina, for instance North Carolinians may refer to the state as "the Tar Heel state". This is a point of pride for some local North Carolinians.

neg: Pender County Schools Pender County Schools is a public school system located in southeastern North Carolina, providing an education for 7,800 students in a rapidly growing coastal county (Topsail Beach). Pender County School District consists of 16 schools located in a diverse array of suburban and rural communities, and serves students in pre-school through grade 12. The Central Service Offices are located in Burgaw, North Carolina, about 21 miles from Wilmington, North Carolina.

neg: Benedict College Benedict College is a four-year historically black, liberal arts college located in Columbia, South Carolina. Founded in 1870 by northern Baptists, it was originally a teachers' college. It has since expanded into a full four-year college offering a variety of majors in the liberal arts field.

neg: Appel Farm Arts and Music Center Appel Farm Arts and Music Center, located near Elmer, New Jersey, United States, is a multifaceted nonprofit regional arts center founded by musicians and art educators Albert and Clare Rostan Appel. It is primarily known for its summer camp which began in 1960.

neg: Blue Ridge Land Conservancy The Blue Ridge Land Conservancy (BRLC), formerly known as the Western Virginia Land Trust (WVLT), is a non-profit land trust and conservation organization headquartered in Roanoke, Virginia that seeks to preserve the wilderness and farmlands in the western portion of the Commonwealth of Virginia (not the State of West Virginia) from excessive commercial development. BRLC's service area contains ten counties: Bedford, Botetourt, Craig, Floyd, Franklin, Montgomery, and Roanoke.

neg: Hagerstown Charity School Hagerstown Charity School, also known as Hagerstown Day Nursery, is a historic school building located at the northeast corner of the intersection of East Washington and North Locust Streets in Hagerstown, Washington County, Maryland, United States. It is a two story, three bay painted brick structure dating from about 1840. The school was founded by the Hagerstown Female Society which, in addition to being concerned with schooling underprivileged children, was also concerned with feeding and clothing them. The building continues as home to a child care facility.

neg: Meigs Mountain Trail The Meigs Mountain Trail is an American hiking trail in the Great Smoky Mountains National Park of Sevier County, Tennessee. The trail traverses the northern slopes of Meigs Mountain in the northwest section of the park, connecting Jakes Creek in the Elkmont area with Lumber Ridge in the Tremont area. The Meigs Mountain Trail, when joined with the 4.1 mi Lumber Ridge Trail and the first 0.4 mi of the Jakes Creek Trail, is part of a 10.5 mi continuous path connecting the Appalachian Club section of Elkmont with the Great Smoky Mountains Institute at Tremont. In the early 20th century, the logging communities that formed at Elkmont and Tremont branched out across the relatively broad northern slopes of Meigs Mountain. Other than a crude mountain cemetery, the occasional detritus, and a few rock walls, however, very little remains of the mountain's former inhabitants.

neg: Berry College Berry College is a private, four-year liberal arts college with a Christian emphasis located in Mount Berry, Floyd County, Georgia, United States, just north of Rome. It is accredited by the Southern Association of Colleges and Schools (SACS). Berry was founded in 1902 by Martha Berry. With 27000 acre , Berry College boasts the largest contiguous campus in the world. College leaders from across the country chose Berry College as the nation's number one "Up-And-Coming" liberal arts college, according to the 2014 "U.S. News" Best Colleges rankings released September 10, 2013.

neg: Mount Pisgah (mountain in North Carolina) Mount Pisgah is a mountain in the Appalachian Mountain Range and part of the Blue Ridge Mountains of North Carolina, United States. The mountain's height is 5,721 feet (1,744 m) above sea level, and it sits approximately 15 miles (24 kilometers) southwest of Asheville, near the crossing of the boundaries of Buncombe, Haywood, Henderson and Transylvania counties. It is located on the border of Buncombe and Haywood counties, close to the point where Henderson and Transylvania meet them, but not actually within the latter two counties. The mountain is easily accessible via a hiking trail from the Blue Ridge Parkway, near the Pisgah Inn.

neg: Jennie Dean Jane Serepta Dean (15 April 1848 – May 3, 1913) (nicknamed "Jennie" or "Miss Jennie") was born into slavery in northern Virginia, freed as a result of the American Civil War, and became an important founder of churches and Sunday Schools for African Americans in northern Virginia. Dean founded the Manassas Industrial School for Colored Youth, which for more than four decades was the only institution of higher education available to African American youth in Northern Virginia, and one of only two in the state without overt religious affiliation.

neg: Julia Tarrant Barron Julia Tarrant Barron (1805–1890) was a founder of Judson College in Marion, Alabama and Howard College (now Samford University) in Homewood, Alabama. She also co-founded "The Alabama Baptist" newspaper with pastor Milo P. Jewett and donated the land for the construction of the Siloam Baptist Church. She was posthumously inducted into the Alabama Women's Hall of Fame.

neg: Oak Lane Day School Oak Lane Day School, located in Blue Bell, Pennsylvania, was an independent school founded in 1916 which served preschool and elementary-aged children, which also operated an eight-week children's camp program in the summer. The school's stated mission was to honor each child's individuality in a setting that fostered intellectual, creative, academic and personal growth. Oak Lane placed an emphasis on art and art history, music, and drama. Also included in its academic curriculum were language arts (reading and writing), math, physical education, science and social studies. From 1965 until closure in June 2010, the school's 30 acre country-like campus included a stream, pond, woods, meadows, specimen trees and animal life of all kind which supported environmental studies.

neg: Cedar Grove, Mercer County, New Jersey Cedar Grove is an unincorporated community located within Princeton in Mercer County, New Jersey, United States. In the 19th and early 20th centuries it was a village with a church, blacksmith, and schoolhouse. It is located on the brow of a hill along Great Road from Princeton to Blawenburg. The Cedar Grove area was settled by French families of some prominence who were Huguenot refugees, including Louis and Maria Tulane, to whom Paul Tulane, philanthropist and founder of Tulane University, was born in 1801. The suburbanization of Princeton Township (now part of a merged Princeton Borough) in the second half of the 20th century led to a loss of Cedar Grove's place as a distinctive settlement, though some older buildings are still extant. As the main route of Great Road has been relocated to a bypass to the east, the area is much less traveled. Most of the area's land is owned by the Tenacre Foundation, a Christian Science care and nursing facility.

neg: Nashville, Tennessee Nashville is the capital and largest city of the U.S. state of Tennessee and the seat of Davidson County. It is located on the Cumberland River in the north central part of the state. The city is a center for the music, healthcare, publishing, banking and transportation industries, and home to numerous colleges and universities. It is known as a center of the country music industry, earning it the nickname "Music City, U.S.A."

neg: Beartown State Park Beartown State Park is a 110 acre state park located on the eastern summit of Droop Mountain, 7 mi southwest of Hillsboro, West Virginia, in northern Greenbrier County, West Virginia (with a small portion of the park also located in Pocahontas County). The land was purchased in 1970 with funds from the Nature Conservancy and a donation from Mrs. Edwin G. Polan, in memory of her son, Ronald Keith Neal, a local soldier who was killed in the Vietnam War.

neg: Kiblah School The Kiblah School is a historic school building in rural Miller County, Arkansas. It is located southeast of Doddridge, at the junction of County Roads 4 and 192, between United States Route 71 and the Red River. The building is a single-story L-shaped wood frame structure, topped by a gable-on-hip roof. It has modest Craftsman styling, with some Greek Revival influences. The main entrance is sheltered by a hip-roofed porch supported by Craftsman-style columns. It has a transom window reminiscent of Greek Revival doorways. The school was built in 1927 with funding from the Rosenwald Fund (although it was not built to a standard Rosenwald plan), and was intended to serve the African-American community of Kiblah, which was established after the American Civil War by former slaves from a Louisiana plantation.


query: What state did Wilco's contributor to "Down in a Mirror: A Second Tribute to Jandek" grow up in?

pos: Down in a Mirror: A Second Tribute to Jandek Down in a Mirror: A Second Tribute to Jandek is a tribute album compiled by Moscow, PA-based independent record label Summersteps Records, released as a follow-up to the label's first Jandek tribute, "". As with "Naked in the Afternoon", "Down In A Mirror" features cover versions of songs by the reclusive avant-folk/blues singer/songwriter Jandek. Some of the artists are members of the Summersteps roster or fans forming one-time combos to participate on the album, but the album also features contributions from Wilco's Jeff Tweedy, Six Organs of Admittance (reportedly a favorite modern act of Jandek's, according to the "unauthorized" "Texas Monthly" interview), The Mountain Goats, Kawabata Makoto of Acid Mothers Temple, Lewis & Clarke and Okkervil River.

pos: Jeff Tweedy Jeffrey Scot Tweedy (born August 25, 1967) is an American songwriter, musician, and record producer best known as the singer and guitarist of the band Wilco. Tweedy, originally from Belleville, Illinois, started his music career in high school in his band The Plebes with Jay Farrar, which subsequently after several years formed into the alternative country band Uncle Tupelo. After Uncle Tupelo's fourth studio album, the band broke up in 1994 due to conflict between Tweedy and Farrar, prompting Tweedy to form Wilco, with Farrar forming the band Son Volt. Wilco's first album "A.M.", released in 1995, received mixed reviews from critics, though Wilco later found critical and commercial success on their later albums, most notably with "Yankee Hotel Foxtrot" and "A Ghost Is Born", the latter of which received a Grammy for Best Alternative Album in 2005. Across Tweedy's career he has released fifteen studio albums, including four with Uncle Tupelo, ten with Wilco, and one with his son Spencer, along with numerous collaborations with other musicians, most notably "Mermaid Avenue" with Billy Bragg.

neg: Wladimir Jan Kochanski Wladimir Jan Kochanski (b. 5 December 1935, d. 24 March 2015) was a graduate of the Juilliard School of Music and enjoyed a long career as a concert pianist. Throughout his career, the Texas-born virtuoso retained a loyal following. Other pianists admired his musicianship, while several studied with him privately and/or attended his summer master-classes in Southern California. In an effort to tear down barriers that can exist between classical performers and their audiences, Kochanski's concerts mixed humorous stories with classical music selections. Kochanski advertised himself as a "classical music entertainer".

neg: Tinsley Ellis Tinsley Ellis (born June 4, 1957) is an American blues and rock musician, who grew up in southern Florida.

neg: Ralph Mullins Ralph K. Mullins aka Diz Mullins (born 10 May 1929 in Tulsa) is an American jazz trumpet player, arranger, composer, and collegiate educator. He grew-up in Oklahoma but spent most of his professional career in the Los Angeles area. After years of playing trumpet in Southern California, Mullins is still playing and leads his own band.

neg: Keb' Mo' Kevin Roosevelt Moore (born October 3, 1951), known as Keb' Mo', is a three-time American Grammy Award-winning blues musician. He is a singer, guitarist, and songwriter, currently living in Nashville, Tennessee. He has been described as "a living link to the seminal Delta blues that travelled up the Mississippi River and across the expanse of America". His post-modern blues style is influenced by many eras and genres, including folk, rock, jazz and pop. The moniker "Keb Mo" was coined by his original drummer, Quentin Dennard, and picked up by his record label as a "street talk" abbreviation of his given name.

neg: Lil' Troy Troy Lane Birklett (born February 24, 1966), better known by his stage name Lil' Troy is an American rapper from Houston, Texas.

neg: Jherek Bischoff Jherek Brandon Bischoff (born September 11, 1979) is an American musician, composer, arranger, producer and songwriter, currently living in Los Angeles.

neg: Clay Blaker Randall Clay Blaker (born June 27, 1950) is an American country musician, singer-songwriter, and producer based in Texas for most of his career. His songs have been recorded by many other artists, including George Strait, Tim McGraw, The Derailers, LeAnn Rimes, Doug Sahm, Johnny Mathis and Barbra Streisand. Blaker has also been a popular regional entertainer and has released several albums of his own material with his band, the Texas Honky-Tonk Band.

neg: Lew Jetton Lew Jetton (born 1959, Humboldt, Tennessee, United States) is an American blues guitarist and singer, who also spent many years as a meteorologist and local television personality. He was born in Humboldt and raised near Trenton, Tennessee.

neg: Billy Childs William Edward "Billy" Childs (born March 8, 1957) is a jazz pianist from Los Angeles, California.

neg: Jackie McLean John Lenwood "Jackie" McLean (May 17, 1931 – March 31, 2006) was an American jazz alto saxophonist, composer, bandleader, and educator, and is one of the few musicians to be elected to the "Down Beat" Hall of Fame in the year of their death.

neg: Tim Cantor Tim Cantor (born August 10, 1969) is an American self-taught surrealism artist and writer. Tim was raised in Marin County, California and began painting at the age of 5 using a box of oil paints and brushes that were his great-grandfather's. Tim's great-grandfather was the English Artist, Lloyd Dundas Whiffen (1885-1951). His first oil painting was created at the age of 5. When Tim was 15, he won a Bank of America achievement in arts award. Also at the age of 15, Tim was given his first gallery exhibition where one of his paintings was acquired to hang in the White House. Tim has since had exhibitions in Athens, Tokyo, Singapore, Paris, Venice, New York, Beverly Hills and San Francisco. He currently has galleries in both San Diego and Sausalito, California which are dedicated to his vision and his art. Cantor currently lives and works in Southern California.

neg: Frederick J. Brown Frederick James Brown was born to, mother, Geneva Brown and, father, Andrew Bentley in Greensboro, Georgia on February 6, 1945. Soon the young family moved to Chicago, during the Second Great Migration, because of greater opportunity in Chicago as opposed to Georgia at the time. Brown was raised in a Methodist household near the steel mills on Chicago's Southside, which at the time was a working-class neighborhood comprised Eastern-European Immigrants, Hispanics, and African-Americans. Brown's father, Andrew, owned a shoeshine parlor, and pool hall in the neighborhood, which was frequented by Blues legends such as Muddy Waters , Howlin' Wolf , and Memphis Slim . It was in this environment that Brown's love for the Blues would be nurtured, leading to the pursuit of his "Blues & Jazz Series" later in his career

neg: Jani Lane Jani Lane (February 1, 1964 – August 11, 2011) was an American recording artist and the lead vocalist, frontman, lyricist and main songwriter for the glam metal band Warrant. From Hollywood, California, the band experienced success from 1989–1996 with five albums reaching international sales of over 10 million. Lane left Warrant in 2004 and again in 2008 after a brief reunion. Lane also released a solo album "Back Down to One" in 2003 and the album "Love the Sin, Hate the Sinner" with a new group "Saints of the Underground" in 2008.

neg: Tom Jans Tom Jans (February 9, 1948 – March 25, 1984) was an American folk singer-songwriter and guitarist from San Jose, California. He is perhaps best known for his song "Loving Arms" (also known as "Lovin' Arms"), which was recorded initially by Kris Kristofferson and Rita Coolidge, and later by artists including Dobie Gray, Elvis Presley, Dixie Chicks, Natalie Cole, Olivia Newton-John, Petula Clark, Jon English, Livingston Taylor, Etta James, Millie Jackson, Jody Miller, The Beautiful South and The Cats.

neg: Musa Kaleem Orlando Wright, better known as Musa Kaleem (born January 3, 1921, Wheeling, West Virginia - died March 26, 1988, Los Angeles, California) was an American jazz saxophonist and flautist.

neg: Jon Butcher Jon Butcher (born May 5, 1955) is an American rock, blues songwriter, guitarist and freelance multimedia producer.

neg: Little Joe (singer) José María De León Hernández, known professionally as Little Joe is an American tejano performer who grew up in Temple, Texas and lives in San Antonio. He is of Mexican descent. Hernández told the Stockton Record in 2015 that he was born "in a three-wall, dirt-floor garage ... on a cold stormy night," the seventh of 13 children. His father, Salvador, was known as "La Cotorra" (the parakeet) and was a troubadour. His mother, Amelia DeLeon, was a trained pianist. "My dad and aunts all played instruments and sang," he told the Riverside Press Enterprise (Nov. 18, 2015). We'd go to parties that would last until three in the morning.

neg: Cub Koda Michael "Cub" Koda (October 1, 1948 – July 1, 2000) was an American rock and roll singer, guitarist, songwriter, disc jockey, music critic, and record compiler. "Rolling Stone" magazine considered him best known for writing the song "Smokin' in the Boys Room", recorded by Brownsville Station, which reached number 3 on the 1974 Billboard chart. He co-wrote and edited the "All Music Guide to the Blues", and "Blues for Dummies", and selected a version of each of the classic blues songs on the CD accompanying the book. He also wrote liner notes for the Trashmen, Jimmy Reed, J. B. Hutto, the Kingsmen, and the Miller Sisters, among others.

neg: Pepper Keenan Pepper J. Keenan (born May 8, 1967), is an American guitarist and vocalist, best known for his work with heavy metal bands Corrosion of Conformity and Down. He joined Corrosion of Conformity in 1989, but did not become the lead singer until the recording of "Deliverance" in 1994. In 1991 he formed Down with Phil Anselmo of Pantera, Jimmy Bower of Eyehategod, and Kirk Windstein and Todd Strange of Crowbar.

neg: Frank Thomas (musician) Frank Thomas (born August 2, 1943) is an American singer, songwriter and guitarist from Florida. A native Floridian, he was a 2013 inductee into the Florida Artists Hall of Fame.


query: Gwendolyn Elaine Armstrong, along with a veteran of which branch of the armed services, attempted to integrate universities in the South?

pos: Gwendolyn Elaine Armstrong Gwendolyn Elaine Armstrong was a black Mississippi pioneer in the Civil Rights Movement. In September, 1965, she and Raylawni Branch, both local natives, integrated the University of Southern Mississippi at Hattiesburg. They thus completed the process of breaking the segregation barriers at Mississippi’s universities which had been begun by Clyde Kennard at (then) Mississippi Southern College (1956–61) and carried forward by James Meredith at the University of Mississippi (September, 1962) and Richard Holmes at Mississippi State University (July, 1965).

pos: James Meredith James Howard Meredith (born June 25, 1933) is a Civil Rights Movement figure, writer, political adviser and Air Force veteran. In 1962, he became the first African-American student admitted to the segregated University of Mississippi, after the intervention of the federal government, an event that was a flashpoint in the Civil Rights Movement. Inspired by President John F. Kennedy's inaugural address, Meredith decided to exercise his constitutional rights and apply to the University of Mississippi. His goal was to put pressure on the Kennedy administration to enforce civil rights for African Americans.

neg: Frederick D. Patterson Frederick Douglass Patterson (October 10, 1901 – April 26, 1988), born in Washington D.C. and orphaned at the age of two. Patterson would later become president of what is now Tuskegee University (1935–1953) and founder of the United Negro College Fund (1944, "UNCF"). In 1987, President Ronald Reagan awarded Dr. Patterson the Presidential Medal of Freedom, the nation’s highest civilian honor. In 1988, he was awarded the Spingarn Medal from the NAACP.

neg: Henry A. Norman Major Henry Arthur Norman was among the first African American military pilots during World War II. Although a member of the 598th Field Artillery Battalion (and not the famed 332nd Fighter Group or 477th Bombardment Group), he trained at Tuskegee and is generally counted among the Tuskegee Airmen. A career military man, he served as part of the peacetime occupation forces in Germany, seeing armed combat again during the Korean War. He eventually becoming a commissioned officer during an era in which that was rare for African-Americans, overseeing the 20th Army Air Corps. After a rescue mission following the North Sea Flood of 1953 he was personally presented an award for meritorious conduct by the Queen of the Netherlands. Following an honorable discharge from the Army, he earned a PhD in Education from the Ohio State University, and became the principal of the Lincoln School in Gallipolis. He was a direct, male-line descendent of black Revolutionary War hero Bazabeel Norman.

neg: Alfred Jefferson Vaughan, Jr. Alfred Jefferson Vaughan, Jr. (May 10, 1830 – October 1, 1899) was an American civil engineer, planter, soldier, and writer. He served as a Confederate general during the American Civil War, in which he was wounded twice, and fought mainly in the Western Theater of the conflict.

neg: Lee Chapel Lee Chapel is a National Historic Landmark in Lexington, Virginia, on the campus of Washington and Lee University. It was constructed during 1867–68 at the request of Robert E. Lee, who was President of the University (then known as Washington College) at the time, and after whom the building is named. The Victorian brick architectural design was probably the work of his son, George Washington Custis Lee, with details contributed by Col. Thomas Williamson, an architect and professor of engineering at the neighboring Virginia Military Institute. General Lee, along with much of the rest of the Lexington community, attended church services at Grace Episcopal Church, a hundred yards south, at the edge of the college campus. (In 1903, that church was renamed R. E. Lee Memorial Episcopal Church; in 2017, its governing board voted to change its name back to Grace Episcopal Church.)

neg: Breach of Peace (book) Breach of Peace: Portraits of the 1961 Mississippi Freedom Riders is a 2008 book by Eric Etheridge. The book features the life stories of over 80 of the Freedom Riders who fought to desegregate interstate bus transportation in the Deep South, and includes both their original mug shots and contemporary photographic portraits taken 45 or more years later by Etheridge. The mug shots had been stored for decades by the Mississippi State Sovereignty Commission, a state "government agency formed in 1956 to oppose the Civil Rights Movement and the federal government". The preface was written by Roger Wilkins and the foreword by Diane McWhorter.

neg: Movement for a Democratic Military The Movement for a Democratic Military (MDM) was an antiwar and GI rights organization during the Vietnam War. Initially formed in late 1969 as a merger of sailors from San Diego and marines from the Camp Pendleton Marine Base in Oceanside, CA, it rapidly spread to a number of other cities and bases in California and the mid-West, including San Francisco, Long Beach Naval Station, El Toro Marine Air Station, Fort Ord, Fort Carson and the Great Lakes Naval Training Center. Heavily influenced by the Black Panther Party and the Black militancy of the times., it became one of the more radical GI organizations during that era and was investigated in 1971 by the House Committee on Internal Security (formally HUAC). As with much of the GI movement during this era, chapters had a high turnover as members were transferred, discharged and disciplined by the military. By late 1970 several chapters had splintered or disbanded, but the group’s name and demands proved popular within the GI resistance movement overall. Some chapters continued through 1971 and 1972 and one until 1975.

neg: Samuel McGowan (general) Samuel McGowan (October 19, 1819 – August 9, 1897) was an American military officer, lawyer, politician, judge, and a Brigadier general in the Confederate army during the American Civil War. Born in South Carolina, he commanded a brigade in A.P. Hill's famous "Light Division" and was wounded several times. Ezra Warner's book, "Generals in Gray", claims that "McGowan's career and reputation were not excelled by any other brigade commander in the Army of Northern Virginia." Following reconstruction, he was elected to the United States Congress but refused to take his seat, later serving as an Associate Justice of the South Carolina Supreme Court.

neg: National Black Antiwar Antidraft Union The National Black Antiwar Antidraft Union (NBAWADU) was founded in February 1968 by Gwen Patton to protest the Vietnam War and the draft. In order to do this, they allied themselves with two other prominent predominantly Black social movement organizations: the Black Panther Party and the Student Nonviolent Coordinating Committee (SNCC).

neg: Hazel Jane Raines Hazel Jane Raines (April 21, 1916 – September 4, 1956) was an American pioneer aviator and flight instructor with the Civilian Pilot Training Program. During World War II, she was part of the first group of United States women to fly military aircraft, which they did in a war zone for the civilian British Air Transport Auxiliary. She was later a member of the civilian contract labor Women Airforce Service Pilots. After the war, she taught instrument training in Brazil. When President Harry S. Truman authorized the integration of women into the military, she served with Women in the Air Force and was based in Texas, Alabama, and finally London until her death. Raines was the first woman in Georgia to earn a pilot's license, and has been inducted into both the Georgia Aviation Hall of Fame and the Georgia Women of Achievement.

neg: Vanderbilt Brown Vanderbilt Brown, M.D. (May 25, 1886 – April 25, 1921) was an African American physician in Virginia. He was one of the very first physicians to finish training in World War I (as a part of the Medical Reserve Corps). He was assigned to 365th Ambulance Company in the 317th Infantry of the 92nd Division. Brown died a few years after the war.

neg: Gwendolyn Midlo Hall Gwendolyn Midlo Hall (born 27 June 1929) is a prominent historian and public intellectual who focuses on the history of slavery in the Caribbean, Latin America, Louisiana (United States), Africa, and the African Diaspora in the Americas. Discovering extensive French and Spanish colonial documents related to the slave trade in Louisiana, she wrote "Africans in Colonial Louisiana: The Development of Afro-Creole Culture in the Eighteenth Century" (1992), studied the ethnic origins of enslaved Africans brought to Louisiana, as well as the process of creolization which created new cultures. She changed the way in which several related disciplines are researched and taught, adding to scholarly understanding of the diverse origins of cultures throughout the Americas.

neg: Anna Mae Hays Brigadier General Anna V. Mae McCabe Hays (born February 16, 1920) was the first woman in the U.S. Armed Forces to be promoted to a general officer rank.

neg: History of the University of Arkansas The History of the University of Arkansas began with its establishment in Fayetteville, Arkansas, in 1871 under the Morrill Act, as the Arkansas Industrial College. Over the period of its nearly 140-year history, the school has grown from two small buildings on a hilltop to a university with diverse colleges and prominent graduate programs. Its presidents have included Civil War general Daniel Harvey Hill, John C. Futrall, and J. William Fulbright.

neg: Walter H. Yates, Jr. Major General Walter H. Yates, Jr. (born November 6, 1941) is a retired United States Army officer who served as Deputy Commanding General Fifth United States Army. He is a native of Hattiesburg, Mississippi and graduate of The University of Southern Mississippi. He also holds a Master of Science degree in Foreign Affairs from George Washington University. In addition, General Yates attended the DOD Joint Warfighting course and the Harvard program for National and International Securities Studies.

neg: Albion W. Tourgée Albion Winegar Tourgée (May 2, 1838 – May 21, 1905) was an American soldier, Radical Republican, lawyer, writer, politician, and diplomat. A pioneer civil rights activist, he founded the National Citizens' Rights Association, established the historically black women's college Bennett College, and litigated for the plaintiff Homer Plessy in the famous segregation case "Plessy v. Ferguson" (1896). Historian Mark Elliott credits Tourgée with introducing the metaphor of "color-blind justice" into legal discourse.

neg: Bernadette Gray-Little Bernadette Gray-Little is a retired academic administrator most recently serving as the 17th chancellor of the University of Kansas, where she was the first African-American and female to serve as the chancellor. She oversaw the university's main campus in Lawrence, its medical center campuses in Kansas City, Salina and Wichita, the Edwards Campus in Overland Park, and other facilities around Kansas. She replaced chancellor Robert Hemenway in August 2009, and retired in June 2017.

neg: Doris Y. Wilkinson Doris Yvonne Wilkinson (born 1936) is a sociologist from Lexington, Kentucky who was an instigator of racial integration at the University of Kentucky as the first African American to graduate from the University of Kentucky in 1958 as an undergraduate student. And in 1969 Wilkinson was the first African American woman to become a full-time faculty member at University of Kentucky when she joined the Department of Sociology.

neg: Gwen Cherry Gwendolyn "Gwen" Sawyer Cherry (1923–1979) was a teacher, state legislator, and lawyer in Florida. As an African American, much of her career was pioneering. Cherry was a founder of the National Association of Black Women Attorneys. Gwen was a member of Sigma Gamma Rho sorority.

neg: Danielle Conway Danielle Conway is an American lawyer and academic. She is Dean of the University of Maine School of Law and an expert in government procurement law and intellectual property law. Her scholarship is focused on advancing the public interest through insights into technology and innovation and their impact on modern society. She is an advocate of "social entrepreneurism," with an emphasis on empowering Indigenous Peoples and minority groups to effectively and creatively use business, innovation, and intellectual property rights and protections to build capacity within those communities. Previously the Michael J. Marks Distinguished Professor of Business Law at the University of Hawaiʻ i at Mānoa William S. Richardson School of Law, she also served as Director of the Hawaiʻ i Procurement Institute. Dean Conway has over twenty five years of service in the United States Military. She holds the rank of lieutenant colonel and is currently assigned to the Maine Army National Guard at Camp Keyes in Augusta.

neg: Elaine D. Harmon Elaine D. Harmon (December 26, 1919 – April 21, 2015) was an American from Maryland who served in the U.S. Women Airforce Service Pilots (WASP) during World War II. In 2009 she received a Congressional Gold Medal for her service as a pilot during World War II. As a WASP pilot, she has been accorded full military honors at Arlington National Cemetery. In 2016, Ms. Harmon was posthumously inducted into the Maryland Women's Hall of Fame.


query: The character portrayed by Anthony Perkins in the 1960 film of the same name, is the basis for the name of what German punk band?

pos: The Bates The Bates were a German punk band, founded in Eschwege, federal state of Hessen, Germany in 1987. The name referred to the character Norman Bates from Alfred Hitchcock's film, "Psycho".

pos: Norman Bates Norman Bates is a fictional character created by Robert Bloch as the main antagonist in his 1959 novel "Psycho", and portrayed by Anthony Perkins in the 1960 film of the same name directed by Alfred Hitchcock and its sequels. He is also portrayed by Vince Vaughn in the 1998 remake, and by Freddie Highmore in the television series "Bates Motel" (2013 - 2017) which retells the "Psycho" story over the years prior to the events of the novel and film. Unlike the franchise produced by Universal Studios, Norman is not the principal antagonist in Bloch's subsequent novels and is succeeded by copycat killers who assume Norman's identity after his death in the 1982 novel "Psycho II". The character was inspired by Wisconsin murderer Ed Gein.

neg: Count Bobby Count Bobby (German: Graf Bobby ) is a fictional Viennese comic figure that has been very popular for many years. The inventors of Count Bobby are unknown. Originally a popular figure in jokes, in the early 1950s Count Bobby became so popular that the jokes were collected in anthologies. Later, he was the main character in a number of films, played by Peter Alexander.

neg: Five Miles to Midnight Five Miles to Midnight (French: Le Couteau dans la plaie, literally The Knife in the wound) is a 1962 internationally co-produced drama film directed by Anatole Litvak. It starred Sophia Loren and Anthony Perkins. It was produced through Filmsonor S.A., Dear Film Produzione and Mercury, and distributed by United Artists.

neg: Dritte Wahl Dritte Wahl (] ) is a German Punk rock band from Rostock in Germany.

neg: The Last Witness (1960 film) The Last Witness (German: Der Letzte Zeuge ) is a 1960 West German crime film directed by Wolfgang Staudte. It was entered into the 1961 Cannes Film Festival.

neg: Steakknife Steakknife are a German punk rock band established in 1991.

neg: Dee Dee Ramone Douglas Glenn Colvin (September 18, 1951 – June 5, 2002), known professionally as Dee Dee Ramone, was a German-American musician, singer and songwriter best known as founding member, songwriter, bassist and occasional lead vocalist for the punk rock band the Ramones.

neg: When the Heath Is in Bloom When the Heath Is in Bloom (German:Wenn die Heide blüht) is a 1960 West German drama film directed by Hans Deppe and starring Joachim Hansen, Walter Richter and Peter Carsten.

neg: Schnell Fenster Schnell Fenster was a Melbourne-based band, formed in 1986 by members of Split Enz after the breakup of that band. Tentatively named "The Wanx", the band selected their name, which is German for "quick window", because it "appealed to [their] perversity".

neg: So It Goes (TV series) So It Goes was a British TV music show presented by Tony Wilson on Granada Television between 1976 and 1977. It is most famous for showcasing the then burgeoning punk rock movement. It was named partially in reference to Kurt Vonnegut's novel "Slaughterhouse-Five".

neg: Max the Pickpocket Max the Pickpocket (German: Max, der Taschendieb) is a 1962 West German comedy crime film directed by Imo Moszkowicz and starring  Heinz Rühmann, Elfie Pertramer and Hans Clarin.

neg: We Cellar Children We Cellar Children (originally Wir Kellerkinder) is a 1960 West German film directed by Hans-Joachim Wiedermann.

neg: Pension Schöller (1960 film) Pension Schöller is a 1960 West German comedy film directed by Georg Jacoby and starring Theo Lingen, Christa Williams and Rudolf Vogel. It is an adaptation of the 1890 play "Pension Schöller" by Wilhelm Jacoby and Carl Laufs. Georg Jacoby was Wilhem's son, and made three film adaptation of his father's best known play in 1930, 1952 and 1960.

neg: Max Tidof Max Tidof (born 1960 in Polch) is a German actor.

neg: MIA. MIA. (alternate spelling: Mia.) is a German punk/new wave/rock/pop band from Berlin.

neg: Nada (German band) Nada is a German punk rock band founded in 2003.

neg: Afektiven Naboj Afektiven Naboj (Macedonian: Афективен Набој ) was one of the two punk rock bands (the other being "Filter") formed in 1979 by guitar player Klime Kovaceski and Goran Trajkoski, now an eminent musician from Republic of Macedonia, who rose to international prominence as a frontman of the group Anastasia featured on the soundtrack album for the Academy Award nominated Milčo Mančevski's film "Before the Rain".

neg: Schmutziger Engel Schmutziger Engel (Dirty Angel) is a German film made in 1958, directed by Alfred Vohrer.

neg: Organisation (band) Organisation zur Verwirklichung gemeinsamer Musikkonzepte (German: "Organisation for the Realization of Common Music Concepts"), was an experimental krautrock band, that was the immediate predecessor of the band Kraftwerk. In addition to the founding members of Kraftwerk, Ralf Hütter and Florian Schneider-Esleben, Organisation included Basil Hammoudi, Butch Hauf, and Fred Monicks. The band was assisted by Paul Lorenz, Peter Martini, and Charly Weiss during their career.

neg: The Terror of the Tongs The Terror of the Tongs (1961) is a Hammer Film directed by Anthony Bushell and starring Geoffrey Toone, Christopher Lee and Yvonne Monlaur.

neg: Dunkelwerk Dunkelwerk is the name of a German band which describes its sound as "Endzeit Electro" (dark electronic beats and sounds often combined with Nazism themes or horror apocalyptic scenarios and distorted vocals), referring to a genre which was originally established by bands like Wumpscut and Leæther Strip and is nowadays produced by bands like The Retrosic, Suicide Commando or Hocico. Dunkelwerk consists of only one person and is a pure studio project, not doing any live performances or any other public events. The name of the band is an old German idiom which can be translated as "dark work" or "dark factory". The producer behind Dunkelwerk has decided to work under the pseudonym "losttrooper", being restrained to offer pictures of himself.


query: Gopichand Badminton Academy is a badminton training facility in Hyderabad, Telangana, the facility trains several badminton players such as P. V. Sindhu, an Indian professional badminton player, who is currently world no 2 in which organization ranking?

pos: Gopichand Badminton Academy Gopichand Badminton Academy is a badminton training facility in Hyderabad, Telangana, India. Founded by the 2001 All England Open Badminton Champion, Pullela Gopichand, the facility trains several badminton players such as P. V. Sindhu, Parupalli Kashyap, Srikanth Kidambi, Arundhati Pantawane, Gurusai Datt, Arun Vishnu and Sameer Verma.

pos: P. V. Sindhu Pusarla Venkata Sindhu (born 5 July 1995) is an Indian professional badminton player, who is currently world no 2 in the BWF World Ranking. At the 2016 Summer Olympics, she became the first Indian woman to win an Olympic silver medal. She is one of the two Indian badminton players to ever win an Olympic medal – other being Saina Nehwal. She was also a silver medalist at the 2017 BWF World Championships and, in 2017, became first Indian ever to win Korea Open Super Series.

neg: 2008 BWF World Junior Championships The 2008 BWF World Junior Championships took place in Pune, India, from 29 October to 2 November 2008.

neg: BWF International Series The BWF International Series is a level four tournament of badminton tournaments along with International Challenge and Future Series, sanctioned by Badminton World Federation (BWF) since 2007.

neg: Sports Authority of India The Sports Authority of India (SAI) (Hindi: भारतीय खेल प्राधिकरण ) is an apex National Sports body set up in 1984 by the Ministry of Youth Affairs and Sports, Government of India for broad basing and bringing excellence in sports across India. It has 9 Regional Centres which are located at Bengaluru, Gandhinagar, Chandigarh,Kolkata, Imphal, Guwahati, Bhopal, Mumbai,Lucknow and Sonepat;and two Academic institutions viz. Netaji Subhash National Institute of Sports(NS NIS), Patiala and Laxmibai National College of Physical Education (LNCPE),Thiruvananthapuram (Kerala). Through NS NIS Patiala and some of the regional centres at Bengaluru, Kolkata and Thiruvananthapuram SAI offers a variety of courses in sports coaching and sports medicine and SAI LNCPE, Thiruvananthapuram conducts graduate and post-graduate courses in physical education.

neg: Chen Long career statistics This is a list of the main career statistics of professional badminton player, Chen Long. To date, Chen has won twenty five singles titles, including eight Super Series Premier titles, eight Super Series titles, and two Super Series Finals titles. He is a Bronze medalist at the 2012 Summer Olympics, and a two-time World Champion at the BWF World Championships. He is also the World Junior Champion in 2007 and the Asian Junior Champion in 2007. Chen is currently ranked World No. 2 by the Badminton World Federation (BWF).

neg: Portugal International The Portugal Open in badminton is an international open held annually in Portugal since 1965. It is currently a part of the European Badminton Circuit.

neg: Badminton South Africa Badminton South Africa is the national governing body that oversees and manages affairs related to the sport of badminton in South Africa. The body is affiliated to the BWF and Badminton Confederation of Africa. The association was founded in 1938, as the South African Badminton Union (SABU) and had a name change in 1998. It is made up of 14 provincial associations and 13 districts. It's teams compete at Sudirman Cup, World Championships, Thomas Cup and Uber Cup (for women).

neg: 2001 IBF World Championships The 12th IBF World Championships, also known as the World Badminton Championships, were held in the "Palacio de Deportes de San Pablo", Seville, Spain, between 3 June and 10 June 2001.

neg: All India Chess Federation The All India Chess Federation (AICF) (Hindi: अखिल भारतीय शतरंज महासंघ ) is central administrative body for the game of chess in India. Founded in 1951, the federation is affiliated to Fédération Internationale des Échecs (FIDE), the world body for chess. The AICF has produced champions Viswanathan Anand, Manuel Aaron, Dibyendu Barua and Parimarjan Negi. The organisation is also in charge of managing women's chess in India. Its current headquarters is in Chennai.

neg: Jeevan Nedunchezhiyan Jeevan Nedunchezhiyan (born 20 October 1988) is a professional Indian tennis player. He won the doubles title with Rohan Bopanna at 2017 Aircel Chennai Open. He broke into the ATP top 100 Doubles rankings in 2016 and is ranked 81 after winning the historic final which featured all four players from India. He is also the grandson of veteran political leader V.R. Nedunchezhiyan, who was a former finance minister of the state of Tamil Nadu, India and was also the acting chief minister of Tamil Nadu in two tenures.

neg: 2009 BWF Season The 2009 BWF Season was the overall badminton circuit organized by the Badminton World Federation (BWF) for the 2009 badminton season to publish and promote the sport. Besides the BWF World Championships, BWF promotes the sport of Badminton through an extensive worldwide program of events. These events have various purposes according to their level and territory in which they are held but those events owned by BWF seek to showcase the Sport via the widest possible quality television broadcast and build the fanbase of the Sport throughout the World.

neg: Handball Federation of India The Handball Federation of India (Hindi: हैंडबाल फेडरेशन ऑफ इंडिया) (HFI) is the administrative and controlling body for team handball in India. The organisation is a member of the Asian Handball Federation (AHF) and the International Handball Federation (IHF) since 1974. In India Handball was founded by Sh. Jagat Singh Lohan from Rohtak, Haryana who was an alumnus of YMCA College of Physical Education of Madras (now Chennai). He was also the first Secretary General of Handball Federation of India. In 2010, the federation elections were held under observers from the Sports Ministry as it had given prior intimation to the ministry about its Annual general meeting (AGM) and subsequent elections, this created a precedent for other sports federations in the country. Since 22 December 2013, Dr. M. Ramasubramani and Mr. Anandeshwar Pandey are President and Secretary General of HFI respectively.

neg: German Open (badminton) The German Open is an annual badminton tournament held in Germany since 1955 and organized by German Badminton Association or Deutscher Badminton Verband (DBV). The tournaments were not held in the year 1970, 1979 and 1998.

neg: Syed Modi International Badminton Championships The Syed Modi International Badminton Championships is an international badminton tournament, which is held annually in India.

neg: Maldives International The Maldives International is an open international badminton tournament in Maldives organized by the Badminton Association of Maldives and sanctioned by the Badminton Asia Confederation and Badminton World Federation. This tournament has been an International Challenge level before it went into hiatus in 2014. This tournament held at the Malé sports complex, and offered world ranking points with total prize money US$ 15,000.

neg: Indonesian Masters (badminton) The Indonesian Masters, past known as Indonesia Open Grand Prix Gold, is an international badminton tournament first held in 2010. The first tournament was held in Samarinda, East Kalimantan and offered a total prize money of US$120,000.

neg: Delhi Smashers Delhi Smashers is a badminton franchise owned by Krrish Group for the Indian Badminton League. The team's home ground is DDA Badminton and Squash Stadium in Delhi. The team is captained by Jwala Gutta.

neg: 2010 India Open Grand Prix Gold The 2010 Yonex-Sunrise India Open Grand Prix Gold was a badminton BWF Grand Prix Gold event, which held between June 8–13, 2010 at the Jawaharlal Nehru Stadium (Chennai), India.

neg: Harinder Pal Sandhu Harinder Pal Sandhu, (born 31 March 1989 in Chandigarh, India) is a professional squash player who represents India. He reached a career-high world ranking of World No. 56 in September 2015.

neg: Pradnya Gadre Pradnya Gadre (born 17 October 1990) is an Indian badminton player from Nashik, Maharashtra who currently plays doubles and mixed doubles.She partners Ashwini Ponnappa for women's doubles events.

neg: Jwala Gutta Jwala Gutta (born 7 September 1983) is a left-handed Indian badminton player. Born in Wardha to an Indian father and Chinese mother, she began playing badminton at a young age. She is India's most successful doubles specialist, and has won the National Badminton Championships fourteen times. Having represented India at the international circuit since the late 1990s, partnering Shruti Kurien earlier in her career, Gutta found greater international success with Ashwini Ponnappa. The pair consistently figured among the top-twenty in the BWF World Ranking reaching as high as no. 10 in 2015. She is the first badminton player of Indian to qualify for two events in the Olympicswomen's doubles with Ponnappa and mixed doubles with V. Diju at London. Gutta is known for her skilled left-handed stroke-play and is one of the very few notable doubles players who use a forehand service.


query: The day Percy Jones was born was the day after what holiday?

pos: Percy Jones (boxer) Rhondda's Percy Jones (26 December 1892 – 25 December 1922) became the first Welshman to win a world boxing title when he took the World Flyweight Championship from Bill Ladbury in 1914. Appropriately born on Boxing Day, the diminutive Jones also took the British and European Flyweight Championships from Ladbury in the same match.

pos: Boxing Day Boxing Day is a holiday celebrated the day after Christmas Day. It originated in the United Kingdom, and is celebrated in a number of countries that previously formed part of the British Empire. Boxing Day is on 26 December, although the attached bank holiday or public holiday may take place either on that day or two days later.

neg: Valentine's Day Valentine's Day, also called Saint Valentine's Day or the Feast of Saint Valentine, is an annual holiday celebrated on February 14. It originated as a Western Christian liturgical feast day honoring one or more early saints named "Valentinus", and is recognized as a significant cultural and commercial celebration in many regions around the world, although it is not a public holiday in any country.

neg: December 2 December 2 is the day of the year in the Gregorian calendar.

neg: Western Australia Day Western Australia Day (formerly known as Foundation Day) is a public holiday in Western Australia, celebrated on the first Monday in June each year to commemorate the founding of the Swan River Colony in 1829. Because of the celebration of Western Australia Day, WA does not celebrate the Queen's Birthday Holiday in June, as do the other Australian states; it is held in September or October instead.

neg: Prince Kūhiō Day Prince Kūhiō Day is an official holiday in the state of Hawaiʻ i in the United States. It is celebrated annually on March 26, to mark the birth of Prince Jonah Kūhiō Kalanianaʻ ole — heir to the throne of the Kingdom of Hawaiʻ i, prince of the House of Kalākaua, and later territorial delegate to the United States Congress. It was established in 1949 by the legislature of the Territory of Hawaii.

neg: Yorkshire Day Yorkshire Day is celebrated on 1 August to promote the historic English county of Yorkshire It was celebrated in 1975, by the Yorkshire Ridings Society, initially in Beverley, as "a protest movement against the Local Government re-organisation of 1974". The date alludes to the Battle of Minden, and also the anniversary of the emancipation of slaves in the British Empire in 1834, for which a Yorkshire MP, William Wilberforce, had campaigned.

neg: December 14 December 14 is the day of the year in the Gregorian calendar.

neg: Grace Jones (supercentenarian) Grace Adelaide Jones (7 December 1899 – 14 November 2013) was a British supercentenarian, who was the oldest verified living person in the United Kingdom and the world's seventh oldest living person until her death at the age of 113 years, 342 days. She was the last known living British person to have been born in the 1800s.

neg: Aldersgate Day Aldersgate Day is a commemorative day celebrated by Methodist Christians on 24 May or the nearest Sunday. It recalls the day in 1738 when Anglican priest John Wesley attended a group meeting in Aldersgate, London, where he received an experience of assurance of his salvation. This was the pivotal event in Wesley's life that ultimately led to the development of the Methodist movement in Britain and America.

neg: Calan Mai Calan Mai (] "Calend (first day) of May") or Calan Haf (] "Calend of Summer") is a May Day holiday of Wales held on 1 May. Celebrations start on the evening before, known as May Eve, with bonfires; as with Calan Gaeaf or November 1, the night before (Welsh: "Nos Galan Haf" ) is considered an "Ysbrydnos" or "spirit night" when spirits are out and about divination is possible. The tradition of lighting bonfires celebrating this occasion happened annually in South Wales until the middle of the 19th century.

neg: October 29 October 29 is the day of the year in the Gregorian calendar.

neg: Memorial Day Memorial Day or Decoration Day is a federal holiday in the United States for remembering the people who died while serving in the country's armed forces. The holiday, which is currently observed every year on the last Monday of May, was held on May 29, 2017. The holiday was held on May 30 from 1868 to 1970. It marks the start of the unofficial summer vacation season, while Labor Day marks its end.

neg: Election Day (United Kingdom) Election Day in the United Kingdom is by tradition a Thursday. It has been suggested that this tradition arose as the best of several circumstances: Friday pay-packets would lead to more drunken voters on Fridays and weekends; having the election as far after a Sunday as possible would reduce the influence of Sunday sermons; many towns held markets on Thursdays, thus the local population would be travelling to town that day anyway.

neg: Von Steuben Day Von Steuben Day is a holiday traditionally held on a weekend in mid-September (von Steuben was born September 17), celebrating Baron Friedrich von Steuben, who arrived in the United States as a volunteer offering his services to General George Washington, and is generally considered the German-American event of the year. Participants march, dance, and play music.

neg: Plough Monday Plough Monday is the traditional start of the English agricultural year. While local practices may vary, Plough Monday is generally the first Monday after Twelfth Day (Epiphany), 6 January. References to Plough Monday date back to the late 15th century. The day before Plough Monday is sometimes referred to as Plough Sunday.

neg: January 25 January 25 is the day of the year in the Gregorian calendar.

neg: December 24 December 24 is the day of the year in the Gregorian calendar.

neg: Tuesday Tuesday is a day of the week occurring after Monday and before Wednesday. According to some commonly used calendars (esp. in the US), it is the third day of the week. According to international standard ISO 8601, however, it is the second day of the week. The English name is derived from Old English "Tiwesdæg" and Middle English "Tewesday," meaning "Tīw's Day", the day of Tiw or Týr, the god of single combat, victory and heroic glory in Norse mythology. Tiw was equated with Mars in the interpretatio germanica, and the name of the day is a translation of Latin "dies Martis".

neg: Beatles Day Beatles Day celebrates The Beatles' triumphant return to Liverpool on 10 July 1964 from their US tour, just in time for the premiere of their film "A Hard Day's Night". This day is considered one of the landmarks in their rise to fame, and, since 2008, its anniversary has been celebrated as Beatles Day in both Liverpool and Hamburg, the cities where the Fab Four laid the foundations for their stardom. Others choose to celebrate "Beatles Day" on 27 February in the USA to mark the beauty and peacefulness of the Fab Four's music in time for Spring.

neg: Georgia Day Georgia Day is the holiday which the U.S. state of Georgia recognizes in honor of its colonial founding as the Province of Georgia. On February 12, 1733, James Oglethorpe landed the first settlers in the "Ann", at what was to become Georgia's first city (and later the first state capital), Savannah. Not a public holiday, it was created by Georgia's General Assembly, which provided that Feb. 12, "the anniversary of the landing of the first colonists in Georgia under Oglethorpe"—be observed in the public schools as Georgia Day. The law was never repealed, but was not included in the code when it was officially compiled in 1981. Its official legal status is unclear.

neg: Public holiday A public holiday, national holiday or legal holiday is a holiday generally established by law and is usually a non-working day during the year.


query: The Second Faymann government was succeeded by which now-incumbent Government of Austria?

pos: Second Faymann government The Second Faymann government was a government of Austrian Chancellor Werner Faymann. It took office on 16 December 2013 following the 2013 legislative election, succeeding the First Faymann government. On 17 May 2016, it was succeeded by the Kern government, following Faymann's resignation amidst the 2016 presidential election.

pos: Kern government The Kern government is the incumbent Government of Austria, having taken office on 18 May 2016. It succeeded the Second Faymann government, following the resignation of Chancellor Werner Faymann amidst the 2016 presidential election. The cabinet was appointed by outgoing President Heinz Fischer.

neg: Second Straujuma cabinet The Second Straujuma cabinet was the government of Latvia from 5 November 2014 to 11 February 2016. It was the second government to be led by Laimdota Straujuma, who was the Prime Minister from 2014 to 2016. It took office after the October 2014 parliamentary election, succeeding the first Straujuma cabinet, which lasted 8 months.

neg: Austrian presidential election, 2004 Presidential elections were held in Austria on 25 April 2004. While the post of President of Austria is a largely ceremonial one, presidential elections are conducted on a party basis and are seen as a test of the relative standing of the major parties.

neg: Vice-Chancellor of Germany The Deputy to the Federal Chancellor (German: "Stellvertreter des Bundeskanzlers" ), widely known as the Vice Chancellor (German: "Vizekanzler" ) of Germany is, according to protocol, the second highest position in the Cabinet of Germany. He is the equivalent of a deputy prime minister in other parliamentary systems.

neg: Wolfgang Schüssel Wolfgang Schüssel (] ; born 7 June 1945) is an Austrian People's Party politician. He was Chancellor of Austria for two consecutive terms from February 2000 to January 2007. While being recognised as a rare example of an active reformer in contemporary Austrian politics, his governments were also highly controversial from the beginning, starting with the fact that he formed a coalition government with Jörg Haider's Freedom Party of Austria (FPÖ) on both occasions. In 2011, he retired from being an active member of parliament due to a multitude of charges of corruption against members of his governments.

neg: NEOS – The New Austria and Liberal Forum NEOS – The New Austria and Liberal Forum (German: "NEOS – Das Neue Österreich und Liberales Forum" ) is a liberal political party in Austria.

neg: Willoch's Second Cabinet Willoch's Second Cabinet was a majority, Conservative/Centre/Christian Democrat Government of Norway. It succeeded the Conservative First cabinet Willoch in mid-term to secure a majority, right-winged government, and sat from 8 June 1983 to 8 May 1986. It survived the 1985 election, but it was replaced by the Labour Brundtland's Second Cabinet, after it failed a vote of confidence in the Parliament of Norway eight months later. Willochs cabinet had the following composition.

neg: Cabinet Kraft II Cabinet Kraft II was the name of the government of the German state of North Rhine-Westphalia from June 2012 until June 2017.

neg: List of Ministers-President of Austria The Minister-President of Austria was the head of government of the Austrian Empire from 1848, when the office was created in the course of the March Revolution. Previously, executive power rested with an Austrian State Council, headed by the Emperor himself, from 1821 under the chairmanship of State Chancellor Prince Klemens von Metternich. The offices of Minister-President was not refilled from 1852, when Emperor Franz Joseph resumed control of the government affairs, and was replaced by a coordinating Chairman of the Austrian Minister's Conference.

neg: List of Chancellors of Austria This is a list of Chancellors of Austria since the establishment of that office in 1918.

neg: Federal Chancellery of Switzerland The Federal Chancellery of Switzerland (German: "Bundeskanzlei" , French: "Chancellerie fédérale" , Italian: "Cancelleria federale" ) is a department-level agency of the federal administration of Switzerland. It is the staff organisation of the federal government, the Federal Council. As of 2016, it is headed by Federal Chancellor Walter Thurnherr of the Christian Democratic People's Party of Switzerland.

neg: Austrian legislative election, 1920 Parliamentary elections were held in Austria on 17 October 1920, although they were not held in Carinthia until 19 June 1921 and in Burgenland until 18 June 1922. The result was a victory for the Christian Social Party, which won 85 of the 183 seats. Voter turnout was 80.3%.

neg: Roland Frühstück Roland Frühstück (born 8 February 1958, Bregenz, Austria) is an Austrian politician for the Austrian People's Party (ÖVP) and manager. Frühstück has been, since 2009, deputy to the Vorarlberg State Parliament, and is currently serving as the ÖVP representative ("klubobmann") in the state parliament.

neg: Horst Seehofer Horst Lorenz Seehofer (born 4 July 1949) is a German conservative politician (CSU). He served as the Federal Minister for Health and Social Security from 1992 to 1998 and as the Federal Minister of Food, Agriculture and Consumer Protection in the cabinet of Angela Merkel from 2005 to 2008. In October 2008 he became chairman of the CSU and Minister President of Bavaria. From 1 November 2011 until 31 October 2012 he served as President of the Bundesrat and "ex officio" deputy to the President of Germany. Because of that he was acting President of Germany after the resignation of President Christian Wulff on 17 February 2012 and before the election of Joachim Gauck as Wulff's successor on 18 March 2012.

neg: Austrian legislative election, 1979 Parliamentary elections were held in Austria on 6 May 1979. The result was a victory for the Socialist Party, which won 95 of the 183 seats. Voter turnout was 92.2%.

neg: House of Lords (Austria) The House of Lords (German: "Herrenhaus" , Czech: "Panská sněmovna" , Italian: "Camera dei signori" , Slovene: "Gosposka zbornica" , Polish: "Izba Panów" ) was the upper house of the Imperial Council, the bicameral legislature of the Austrian Empire from 1861 and of the Cisleithanian (Austrian) half of Austria-Hungary upon the Compromise of 1867. Created by the February Patent issued by Emperor Franz Joseph I on 26 February 1861, it existed until the end of World War I and the dissolution of the Dual Monarchy, when on 12 November 1918 the transitional National Assembly of German-Austria declared it abolished. It was superseded by the Federal Council of the Austrian Parliament implemented by the 1920 Federal Constitutional Law.

neg: Austrian presidential election, 2016 Presidential elections were held in Austria on 24 April 2016, with a second round run-off on 22 May 2016. However, the results of the second round were annulled and a re-vote took place on 4 December 2016.

neg: Thomas Klestil Thomas Klestil (] ; 4 November 1932 – 6 July 2004) was an Austrian diplomat and politician. He was elected the tenth State President of Austria ("Bundespräsident") in 1992 (on 56.9% of the popular vote) and was re-elected to the position in 1998. His second—and final—term of office was due to end on 8 July 2004, but his death two days prior to his retirement from office cut his term short.

neg: Heinz Fischer Heinz Fischer {'1': ", '2': ", '3': 'GColIH', '4': "} (] ; born 9 October 1938) is an Austrian politician. He took office as 11th State President on 8 July 2004 and was re-elected for a second and last term on 25 April 2010, leaving office on 8 July 2016. Fischer previously served as Minister of Science from 1983 to 1987 and as President of the National Council of Austria from 1990 to 2002. A member of the Social Democratic Party of Austria (SPÖ), he suspended his party membership for the duration of his presidency.

neg: Wolfgang Sobotka Wolfgang Sobotka is the Federal Ministry of the Interior (Austria); a post he has held since April 2016. He is a member of the Austrian People's Party (German: "Österreichische Volkspartei" ; ÖVP).

neg: 2nd government of Turkey The 2nd government of Turkey (6 March 1924 – 22 November 1924) was the second government in the history of the Turkey.


query: What was the nick name given to a fighter pilot with the German Air Force during World War I and whose distant relative is Bolko von Richthofen, a German archaeologist?

pos: Bolko von Richthofen Bolko von Richthofen (September 13, 1899 – March 18, 1983) was a German archaeologist and a distant relative of the family of Manfred von Richthofen, the "Red Baron". He is sometimes confused with his distant cousin and namesake, Karl Bolko von Richthofen (1903–1971) – the youngest brother of the fighter ace.

pos: Manfred von Richthofen Manfred Albrecht Freiherr von Richthofen (2 May 1892 – 21 April 1918), also known as the "Red Baron", was a fighter pilot with the German Air Force during World War I. He is considered the ace-of-aces of the war, being officially credited with 80 air combat victories.

neg: Oskar Freiherr von Boenigk Oskar Freiherr von Boenigk (25 August 1893 – 30 January 1946) was a German Generalmajor, he began his military career during World War I as a fighter ace credited with 26 victories. He survived the war, served in the post-war revolution, and eventually rose to the rank of Generalmajor in the Luftwaffe during World War II.

neg: The Red Baron (2008 film) The Red Baron (aka Der rote Baron (original title)) is a 2008 German-British biographical action war film written and directed by Nikolai Müllerschön about the World War I fighter pilot Manfred von Richthofen, known as the "Red Baron". The film stars Matthias Schweighöfer, Joseph Fiennes, Til Schweiger and Lena Headey. "The Red Baron" was filmed entirely in English to improve its international commercial viability.

neg: Ernst-Georg Drünkler Ernst-Georg Drünkler (8 July 1920 – 12 March 1997) was a Luftwaffe night fighter ace and recipient of the Knight's Cross of the Iron Cross during World War II. The Knight's Cross of the Iron Cross was awarded to recognise extreme battlefield bravery or successful military leadership. Drünkler claimed 46 aerial victories, 45 of them at night.

neg: August Euler August Euler (20 November 1868 – 1 July 1957) was a pioneer German aviator, aircraft constructor and the holder of the first Germany Pilots license, issued in 1909. After the First World War, he became German Secretary of State for Air, until he retired in 1922.

neg: Jagdstaffel 63 Royal Prussian Jagdstaffel 63, commonly abbreviated to Jasta 63, was a "hunting group" (i.e., fighter squadron) of the "Luftstreitkräfte", the air arm of the Imperial German Army during World War I. The squadron would score 16 aerial victories during the war. The unit's victories came at the expense of seven pilots killed in action, and one killed in a flying accident.

neg: Werner Baake Werner Baake (1 November 1918 – 15 July 1964) was a German "Luftwaffe" night fighter ace and recipient of the Knight's Cross of the Iron Cross during World War II. The Knight's Cross of the Iron Cross was awarded to recognize extreme battlefield bravery or successful military leadership. Baake claimed 41 nocturnal aerial victories in 195 combat missions. Baake was the 36th most successful night fighter ace of World War II, and of aerial warfare. Baake's total surpassed that of all Allied night fighter pilots.

neg: Jagdstaffel 76 Royal Bavarian Jagdstaffel 76, commonly abbreviated to Jasta 76, was a "hunting group" (i.e., fighter squadron) of the "Luftstreitkräfte", the air arm of the Imperial German Army during World War I. The squadron would score over 20 aerial victories during the war. The unit's victories came at the expense of six killed in action, four wounded in action, and three taken prisoner of war.

neg: Paul-Werner Hozzel Paul-Werner Hozzel (16 October 1910 – 7 January 1997) was a ground attack pilot in the Luftwaffe of Nazi Germany during World War II. He was a recipient of the Knight's Cross of the Iron Cross. Following the war, Hozzel joined the Bundeswehr of West Germany and retired as Brigadegeneral.

neg: Theodor Rowehl Theodor Rowehl (9 February 1894 – 6 June 1978) was a German pilot who founded the Luftwaffe's strategic air reconnaissance programme, and headed what became known as the Rowehl Squadron and became Kampfgeschwader 200 after his resignation in December 1943.

neg: Helmut Steinbrecher Leutnant Helmut Steinbrecher was the first pilot in history to successfully parachute from a stricken airplane, on 27 June 1918. He was a World War I flying ace credited with five aerial victories.

neg: Bunny Currant Christopher Frederick Currant, {'1': ", '2': ", '3': ", '4': "} (14 December 1911 – 12 March 2006), nicknamed "Bunny", was a Royal Air Force fighter pilot and flying ace of the Second World War.

neg: Les Holden Leslie Hubert (Les) Holden, MC, AFC (6 March 1895 – 18 September 1932) was an Australian fighter ace of World War I and later a commercial aviator. A South Australian, he joined the Light Horse in May 1915, serving in Egypt and France. In December 1916, he volunteered for the Australian Flying Corps and qualified as a pilot. As a member of No. 2 Squadron on the Western Front, he gained the sobriquets "Lucky Les" and "the homing pigeon" after a series of incidents that saw him limping back to base in bullet-riddled aircraft. He was awarded the Military Cross, and went on to achieve five aerial victories flying Airco DH.5s and Royal Aircraft Factory S.E.5s.

neg: Robert Saundby Air Marshal Sir Robert Henry Magnus Spencer Saundby {'1': ", '2': ", '3': ", '4': "} (26 April 1896 – 25 September 1971) was an RAF officer whose career spanned both World War I and World War II. He distinguished himself gaining five victories during World War I, and was present during the air battle when Lanoe Hawker was shot down and killed by Manfred von Richthofen, the "Red Baron". He is chiefly remembered for his role as Deputy AOC in C Bomber Command under Sir Arthur 'Bomber' Harris during the latter part of World War II.

neg: Theo Osterkamp Theodor "Theo" Osterkamp (15 April 1892 – 2 January 1975) was a German fighter pilot during World War I and World War II. A flying ace, he achieved 32 victories in World War I. In World War II, he led Jagdgeschwader 51 through the Battle of Britain and claimed a further 6 victories, in the process becoming one of only a few men to score victories in both world wars.

neg: Walter Storp Walter Storp (2 February 1910 – 9 August 1981) was a German bomber pilot and commander of several bomber wings during World War II. He was a recipient of the Knight's Cross of the Iron Cross with Oak Leaves. Storp reached the rank of Generalmajor and ended as the war as commander of the 5th Air Division in Norway.

neg: Karl Thom Leutnant Karl Thom (19 May 1893 – 3 March 1945), was a German World War I fighter ace credited with 27 victories. He was decorated with both his nation's highest decorations for valor, the Military Merit Cross as an enlisted soldier, and the Pour le Mérite after he was commissioned as an officer. He was one of only four German aces of World War I to achieve this double award.

neg: Siegfried Barth Siegfried Barth (23 January 1916 – 19 December 1997) was a German bomber pilot in the Luftwaffe during World War II and commander of the fighter-bomber wing Jagdbombergeschwader 32 (JaBoG 32) of the German Air Force. He was a recipient of the Knight's Cross of the Iron Cross, awarded by Nazi Germany to recognise extreme battlefield bravery or successful military leadership. As a Bundeswehr officer, he served at the NATO Supreme Headquarters Allied Powers Europe (SHAPE) from 1969 to 1972.

neg: Raven Freiherr von Barnekow Leutnant Raven Freiherr von Barnekow was a World War I flying ace credited with eleven aerial victories. He went on to serve during World War II.

neg: Friedrich Wachowiak Friedrich Wachowiak (13 February 1920 – 16 July 1944) was a former German Luftwaffe fighter ace and recipient of the Knight's Cross of the Iron Cross during World War II. The Knight's Cross of the Iron Cross was awarded to recognise extreme battlefield bravery or successful military leadership. Wachowiak served with Jagdgeschwader 52 (JG 52—52nd Fighter Wing) and Jagdgeschwader 3 (JG 3—3rd Fighter Wing) and gained his first victories against the Royal Air Force in 1940. At the end of 1941 he received his 20th victory and the 40th was in March 1942. His first Soviet victory was on 1 May 1942. On 7 May 1942 he reported his 62nd and on 29 November 1942 the 86th victory. 1943/1944 he was temporary a fighter flight trainer and came back to the front in May 1944 with the JG 52 over Normandy.

neg: Gerhard Raht Gerhard Ferdinand Otto Raht (6 June 1920 – 11 January 1977) was a German Luftwaffe night fighter ace and recipient of the Knight's Cross of the Iron Cross with Oak Leaves during World War II. The Knight's Cross of the Iron Cross and its higher grade Oak Leaves was awarded to recognise extreme battlefield bravery or successful military leadership. Raht claimed 58 nocturnal aerial victories in 171 combat missions.


query: What former United States Army soldier and related to WikiLeaks-related Twitter court orders?

pos: WikiLeaks-related Twitter court orders The WikiLeaks-related Twitter court orders were United States Department of Justice 2703(d) orders (so-called because they are authorized by ) accompanied by gag orders (authorized by , both as differentiated from subpoenas and national security letters) issued to Twitter in relation to ongoing investigations of WikiLeaks issued on 14 December 2010. While only five people were individually named within the subpoena, according to lawyer Mark Stephens the order effectively entailed the collection in relation to criminal prosecution of the personal identifying information of over six hundred thousand Twitter users, principally those who were followers of WikiLeaks. The U.S. government also sent Twitter a subpoena for information about Julian Assange and several other WikiLeaks-related persons, including Chelsea Manning. Twitter appealed against the accompanying gag order in order to be able to disclose its existence to its users, and was ultimately successful in its appeal. Subsequent reactions included the discussion of secret subpoenas in the U.S., criticism of the particular subpoena issued, an immediate, temporary 0.5 percent reduction in the number of Twitter followers of WikiLeaks, and calls for the recognition and emulation of Twitter's stance.

pos: Chelsea Manning Chelsea Elizabeth Manning (born Bradley Edward Manning, December 17, 1987) is a former United States Army soldier who was convicted by court-martial in July 2013, of violations of the Espionage Act and other offenses, after disclosing to WikiLeaks nearly 750,000 classified, or unclassified but sensitive, military and diplomatic documents.

neg: Kendall Myers Walter Kendall Myers (born April 15, 1937) is a former U.S. State Department employee who, with his wife, Gwendolyn, was arrested and indicted on June 4, 2009, on charges of spying for Cuba for nearly 30 years. He was convicted of spying and sentenced to life imprisonment by a U.S. federal court in July 2010. The judge told the couple: "I see no sense of remorse. You were proud of what you did". The judge, whose grandfather had been born into slavery, also told them: "The United States has a lot to be proud of, which is something that you can't seem to acknowledge.".

neg: Raymond G. H. Seitz Raymond George Hardenbergh Seitz (born December 8, 1940) is a former career diplomat and U.S. Ambassador to the United Kingdom. He was born in Honolulu, Hawaii on December 8, 1940. He is the son of United States Army Major General John F. R. Seitz (d. 1978) and Helen (Hardenbergh) Seitz (d. 1953).

neg: Charles H. Swannack Jr. Charles H. "Chuck" Swannack Jr. is a former general officer in the United States Army who, once retired, called for the resignation of Defense Secretary Donald Rumsfeld.

neg: Karl Eikenberry Karl Winfrid Eikenberry (born November 10, 1951) is a retired United States Army lieutenant general who served as the U.S. ambassador to Afghanistan from April 2009 to July 2011. He is currently the Oksenberg-Rohlen Fellow and Director of the U.S. Asia Security Initiative at the Walter H. Shorenstein Asia-Pacific Research Center. He is also a professor of the practice and is an affiliated faculty member at the FSI Center on Democracy, Development and the Rule of Law, the Center for International Security and Cooperation and The Europe Center at Stanford University.

neg: United States v. Manning United States v. Manning was the court-martial of former United States Army Private First Class Bradley E. Manning (known after the trial as Chelsea Manning).

neg: Diane E. Beaver Diane E. Beaver is an American lawyer and former officer in the United States Army.

neg: Paul M. Nakasone Paul Miki Nakasone (born November 19, 1963) is a senior officer in the United States Army and is the current commander of the United States Army Cyber Command. Nakasone was also the commander of the United States Second Army prior to its inactivation on March 31, 2017. He took command of the United States Second Army and United States Army Cyber Command on October 14, 2016, from Lieutenant General Edward C. Cardon.

neg: Janis Karpinski Janis Leigh Karpinski ("née" Beam, born May 25, 1953, Rahway, New Jersey) is a career officer in the US Army Reserve, now retired. She is notable for having commanded the forces that operated Abu Ghraib and other prisons in Iraq in 2003 and 2004, at the time of the scandal related to torture and prisoner abuse. She commanded three prisons in Iraq, and the forces that ran them. Her education includes a Bachelor of Arts degree in English and secondary education from Kean College, a Master of Arts degree in aviation management from Embry-Riddle Aeronautical University, and a Master of Arts in strategic studies from the U.S. Army War College.

neg: Sabrina Harman Sabrina D. Harman (born January 5, 1978) is a former United States Army reservist, one of several persons convicted by the U.S. Army in connection with the 2003–2004 Abu Ghraib prisoner abuse scandal in Baghdad, Iraq, during and after the 2003 invasion of Iraq.

neg: Morris Davis Colonel Morris D. Davis (born July 31, 1958) is a United States Air Force officer and lawyer, was appointed to serve as the third Chief Prosecutor of the Guantanamo military commissions., September 2005 until October 2007. He resigned from the position due to objecting to the appointment of William J. Haynes, II, former General Counsel of the Department of Defense, as Presiding Officer of the commissions. He retired from active duty in October 2008.

neg: Robert Lipka Robert Stephen Lipka (June 16, 1945 – July 5, 2013) was a former army clerk at the National Security Agency (NSA) who, in 1997, pleaded guilty to conspiracy to commit espionage and was sentenced to 18 years in prison. He was arrested more than 30 years after his betrayal, as there is no statute of limitations for espionage.

neg: Jesselyn Radack Jesselyn Radack (born December 12, 1970) is a national security and human rights attorney known for her defense of whistleblowers, journalists, and hacktivists. She represents some of the most polarizing people in the United States, including National Security Agency whistleblowers Edward Snowden and Thomas Drake, each of whom was charged under the Espionage Act after exposing wrongdoing.

neg: Colby Vokey Colby Vokey (born 1965) is an American lawyer and former officer in the United States Marine Corps. He currently practices criminal defense law with the Dallas-based firm Fitzpatrick Hagood Smith & Uhl. He represents clients in all types of criminal matters, with particular emphasis on cases involving military law. Vokey earned the rank of lieutenant colonel and served as a judge advocate in the United States Marine Corps during 21 years of service to his country. His retirement from the Marine Corps became effective Nov. 1, 2008. During his military career, Vokey earned worldwide praise for his work ethic and integrity, based in part on his work for defendants detained at Guantanamo Bay, Cuba, who faced charges stemming from the war in Iraq.

neg: Danny Nightingale (British Army soldier) Danny Harold Nightingale (born 1975) is a British soldier from Crewe. He came to public attention in 2012 after he was court-martialed for illegal possession of a pistol and ammunition.

neg: Amir Mirza Hekmati Amir Mirza Hekmati (Persian: امیر میرزا حکمتی  ) (born July 28, 1983) is a former United States Marine who was arrested in August 2011 for allegedly spying for the CIA in Iran. On 9 January 2012, he was sentenced to death for the charges. On 5 March 2012, the Iranian Supreme Court overturned the death sentence and ordered a retrial, saying the verdict against Hekmati was "not complete". On January 16, 2016, Hekmati was released and allowed to leave Iran as part of a prisoner trade between the U.S. and Iran. He returned to the United States on January 21, 2016. He sued the Government of Iran on May 11, 2016.

neg: Ginger D. Anders Ginger D. Anders (born August 28, 1977) is an American lawyer who is an Assistant to the Solicitor General of the United States.

neg: James Hall III James W. Hall III (born 1958) is a former United States Army warrant officer and signals intelligence analyst in Germany who sold eavesdropping and code secrets to East Germany and the Soviet Union from 1983 to 1988. Hall was convicted of espionage on July 20, 1989; he was fined $50,000 and given a dishonorable discharge and was serving a 40-year sentence for those activities at the United States Disciplinary Barracks, Fort Leavenworth, Kansas, from which he was released in September 2011.

neg: Jeh Johnson Jeh Charles Johnson ( , as in "Jay"; born September 11, 1957) is an American civil and criminal trial lawyer, who was the fourth United States Secretary of Homeland Security 2013 to 2017. He was the General Counsel of the Department of Defense from 2009 to 2012 during the first Obama Administration. Johnson is a graduate of Morehouse College (B.A.) and Columbia Law School (J.D.), and is the grandson of sociologist and Fisk University president Dr. Charles S. Johnson.

neg: Walter B. Huffman Major General Walter Burl Huffman, USA (born October 8, 1944) was an American military lawyer who served as the Judge Advocate General of the United States Army from August 5, 1997 until September 30, 2001. He has been a professor at the Texas Tech University School of Law since 2002 and was the dean from 2002 to 2009.

neg: Gregory R. Dahlberg Gregory Robert Dahlberg (born November 23, 1951) was United States Under Secretary of the Army from 2000 to 2001.


query: Many of the productions of this contributor to the Community Arts Movement involved a castle that is now in the care of who?

pos: Craigmillar Festival Society The Craigmillar Festival Society (CFS) was a Community Arts organisation that existed in the Craigmillar area of Edinburgh, Scotland from 1962 to 2002. It is regarded as important contributor to the Community Arts Movement. Starting in 1967, many of its productions involved Craigmillar Castle.

pos: Craigmillar Castle Craigmillar Castle is a ruined medieval castle in Edinburgh, Scotland. It is 3 mi south-east of the city centre, on a low hill to the south of the modern suburb of Craigmillar. The Preston family of Craigmillar, the local feudal barons, began building the castle in the late 14th century and building works continued through the 15th and 16th centuries. In 1660 the castle was sold to Sir John Gilmour, Lord President of the Court of Session, who made further alterations. The Gilmours left Craigmillar in the 18th century, and the castle fell into ruin. It is now in the care of Historic Environment Scotland.

neg: Kelburn Castle Kelburn Castle is a large house near Fairlie, North Ayrshire, Scotland. It is the seat of the Earl of Glasgow. Originally built in the thirteenth century (the original keep forms the core of the house) it was remodelled in the sixteenth century. In 1700 the first Earl made further extensions to the house in a manner not unlike a French "château" which is virtually how it appears today. In 1977 the house and grounds opened to the public as a country park. It is one of the oldest castles in Scotland and has been continuously inhabited by the same family for longer than any other. The castle is protected as a category A listed building, while the grounds are included in the Inventory of Gardens and Designed Landscapes in Scotland.

neg: Belmont Castle Belmont Castle was a neo-Gothic mansion near Grays in the English county of Essex. Built c. 1795 to designs by the little-known Thomas Jeffery, and surrounded by extensive pleasure grounds, it was the most prominent building in the parish, but was demolished in 1943 to make way for a chalk quarry. The castle and its occupants had played a significant role in the town's life for over a hundred years. Now a primary school - Belmont Castle Academy.

neg: Leslie Castle Leslie Castle is a castle in Aberdeenshire, Scotland, the historical seat of Clan Leslie, located just to the west of Auchleven, or about 45 km northwest of Aberdeen. It was built on the site of a former castle (probably a wooden motte and bailey) around 1661 as "the last fortified house in Scotland". In the late 1970s restoration of the castle was begun and by the end of the 1980s this was completed. In 1995, a Leslie Clan Gathering was held at Leslie Castle. It is now operated as bed and breakfast accommodation.

neg: Kilclief Castle Kilclief Castle (Irish: "Caislean Cill Cléithe" ) (Ordnance Survey ref: J597457) is a tower-house castle beside Strangford Lough and 2.5 miles (4 km) south of the village of Strangford, County Down, Northern Ireland. Kilclief is a hamlet of historical value on the Strangford to Ardglass road. This kind of tower-house is sometimes called the gatehouse type, because of its similarity to a castle gatehouse. It is among the oldest tower houses in Lecale. Kilclief Castle tower house is a State Care Historic Monument in the townland of Kilclief, in Down District Council area, at grid ref: J5972 4575.

neg: Hope Castle Hope Castle, also referred to as Blayney Castle, is an 18th-century house built in the town of Castleblayney, located in County Monaghan, Ireland. Over the years, Hope Castle has been inhabited for various uses, such as homes to many, military barracks, a hospital, convent, and was most recently used as a hotel before its demise in 2010. The building still stands, although unoccupied.

neg: Castleton, Dorset Castleton is a civil parish in the English county of Dorset, lying within the West Dorset administrative district. The parish virtually encircles the town of Sherborne, and contains within its boundary both Sherborne Castle and Sherborne Old Castle. These and other buildings within the parish are today generally regarded as comprising part of Sherborne. In the 2011 census the parish had a population of 155.

neg: Agnes Etherington Art Centre The Agnes Etherington Art Centre is a research-intensive public art museum in Kingston, Ontario, Canada located in the heart of the historic campus of Queen's University. It illuminates the great artistic traditions of the past and the innovations of the present through year-round programs of exhibitions and outreach activities staged across eight galleries, the Biéler Studio, and assorted public spaces including the period rooms of the historic Etherington House.The gallery has received a number of awards for its exhibitions from the Canada Council for the Arts, the Ontario Association of Art Galleries and others.

neg: The Castle School The Castle School is a coeducational secondary school and sixth form with academy status, located in Thornbury, South Gloucestershire, England, which serves the town and the surrounding villages. Pupils from Bristol also attend the school. There are around 1,750 pupils, including 360 in the sixth form.

neg: Hay Castle Hay Castle (Welsh: "Castell y Gelli" ) is a medieval fortification and 17th-century mansion house in the small town of Hay-on-Wye in Powys, Wales. Originally constructed as part of the Norman invasion of Wales, the castle was designed as a ringwork overlooking the town in either the late-11th or early-12th centuries. It was rebuilt in stone around 1200 by the de Braose family and then had a turbulent history, being attacked and burnt several times during the First and Second Barons' Wars, the wars with the Welsh princes, the rebellion of Owain Glyndŵr and the Wars of the Roses. In the 17th century a Jacobean mansion house was built alongside the medieval keep and the property became a private home. Serious fires in 1939 and 1977 gutted the castle and, despite repairs in the 1980s, by the 21st century much of the building was derelict and unstable. Since 2011 it has been owned by the Hay Castle Trust who plan to renovate the property to form an arts and education centre.

neg: German Castles Association The German Castles Association (German: "Deutsche Burgenvereinigung" ) or DBV is dedicated to the conservation of historic defensive and residential buildings as witnesses of history and culture and has its head office at Marksburg castle above Braubach on the Rhine. It owns the organisation known as the European Castles Institute ("Europäisches Burgeninstitut") or (EBI) whose library and archives are housed in Philippsburg Castle in Braubach.

neg: Room 13 International Room 13 International is a network of arts studios in primary schools worldwide. Each studio is run by the students as a self-sufficient business. The network is named after the first such studio, which operated in Room 13 in the Caol Primary School in Fort William, Scotland.

neg: Motte-and-bailey castle A motte-and-bailey castle is a fortification with a wooden or stone keep situated on a raised earthwork called a motte, accompanied by an enclosed courtyard, or bailey, surrounded by a protective ditch and palisade. Relatively easy to build with unskilled, often forced, labour, but still militarily formidable, these castles were built across northern Europe from the 10th century onwards, spreading from Normandy and Anjou in France, into the Holy Roman Empire in the 11th century. The Normans introduced the design into England and Wales following their invasion in 1066. Motte-and-bailey castles were adopted in Scotland, Ireland, the Low Countries and Denmark in the 12th and 13th centuries. By the end of the 13th century, the design was largely superseded by alternative forms of fortification, but the earthworks remain a prominent feature in many countries.

neg: The Castle Theatre, Wellingborough Castle Theatre Wellingborough is located in the town of Wellingborough, Northamptonshire, England. The Castle was opened in 1995 as a community resource organisation on the site of Wellingborough's Old Cattle Market.

neg: Castell A castell (] ) is a human tower built traditionally in festivals at many locations within Catalonia. At these festivals, several "colles castelleres" (groups who construct towers) often succeed in building and dismantling a tower's structure. On November 16, 2010, "castells" were declared by UNESCO to be amongst the Masterpieces of the Oral and Intangible Heritage of Humanity.

neg: Neath Castle Neath Castle (Welsh: "Castell Nedd" ) is a Norman castle located in the town centre of Neath, Wales. Its construction was begun by Robert, Earl of Gloucester, the nominal Lord of Glamorgan, at a date estimated between 1114 and 1130. It is also referred to as "Granville's Castle", after Richard I de Grenville (or Granville or Glanville; died post 1142), Lord of Neath, who has also been credited with its construction. The town of Neath takes its Welsh name, "Castell-nedd", from the castle.

neg: The House of Fairy Tales The House of Fairy Tales is a children's arts charity based in London, England. The charity is committed delivering creative learning experiences for 5-12’s in partnership with institutions, events and local authorities as well as promoting active engagement with issues relating to sustainability and the environment.

neg: Trolleholm Castle Trolleholm Castle (Swedish: "Trolleholms slott" ) is a castle in Svalöv Municipality, Scania, in southern Sweden. The estate comprises 110 houses and a total of 12300 acres (5000 Hectare). Originally named Kattisnabbe and later Eriksholm, it has been known since 1424, and was a monastic estate in the late Middle Ages.

neg: James Charles Castle James Charles Castle (September 25, 1899 – October 26, 1977) was an American artist born in Garden Valley, Idaho. Although Castle did not know about the art world outside of his small community, his work ran parallel to the development of 20th-century art history. His works have been collected by major institutions. The Philadelphia Museum of Art organized a retrospective of Castle's work which toured nationally in 2008 and 2009. Castle's work entered the international arena with a major exhibition in Madrid, Spain at the Museo Nacional Centro de Arte Reina Sofía in 2011 and was included in the 2013 Venice Biennale exhibition "The Encyclopedic Palace." In 2014 The Smithsonian American Art Museum featured their recent acquisition in the exhibition "Untitled: The Art of James Castle" and the Whitney Museum of American Art included their acquired collection of Castle's work in the 2017 exhibition "Where We Are."

neg: Castle House, Usk Castle House in Usk, Monmouthshire, Wales, originally formed the gatehouse to Usk Castle. Much altered in the eighteenth and nineteenth centuries, it is now a private home and a Grade I listed building.

neg: Castle Head, Grange-over-Sands Castle Head is a country house surrounded by 20 acre of grounds near to the seaside resort of Grange-over-Sands in Cumbria, England. It is currently used as a field studies centre and is a Grade II listed building.