query: Snow Dogs and Return from Witch Mountain share both being released by what entity?

pos: Snow Dogs Snow Dogs is a 2002 American Northern adventure comedy film directed by Brian Levant, and starring Cuba Gooding Jr. and James Coburn. The film was released in the United States on January 18, 2002 by Walt Disney Pictures. The film is inspired by the book "" by Gary Paulsen.

pos: Return from Witch Mountain Return from Witch Mountain is a 1978 American science fiction–adventure film and a sequel to "Escape to Witch Mountain" (1975), produced by Walt Disney Productions. It was written by Malcolm Marmorstein and is based on the novel by Alexander Key. Ike Eisenmann, Kim Richards, and Denver Pyle reprise their roles as Tony, Tia, and Uncle Bené—humanoid extraterrestrials with special powers including telepathy and telekinesis. The two main villains are played by Bette Davis as Letha Wedge, a greedy woman using the last of her money to finance the scientific experiments of Dr. Victor Gannon, played by Christopher Lee.

neg: Ghostkeeper Ghostkeeper is a 1981 Canadian independent horror film directed by Jim Makichuk. The story centers on a trio of snowmobilers in the Canadian Rockies who become stranded at an abandoned hotel, where an old woman is hiding an evil entity within the basement. The film's plot is inspired by the Windigo legend of North America.

neg: Snow White (franchise) Snow White is a Disney media franchise that began in 1937 with the theatrical release of "Snow White and the Seven Dwarfs".

neg: Mountain (video game) Mountain is a simulation video game developed by David OReilly and published by Double Fine Productions. It was released for Microsoft Windows, OS X, Linux, iOS and Android in July 2014. The game is an idle game in which the only influence the player can have on the game is at the start of the game where the player is tasked to draw objects. The game is designed to be played in the background while the player uses other applications.

neg: King's Quest King's Quest is a graphic adventure game series created by the American software company Sierra Entertainment. It is widely considered a classic series from the golden era of adventure games. Following the success of its first installments, the series was primarily responsible for building the reputation of Sierra. Roberta Williams, co-founder and former co-owner of Sierra, designed all of the "King's Quest" games until the series' reboot in 2015.

neg: B*Witched B*Witched are an Irish girl group consisting of twin sisters Edele and Keavy Lynch, Lindsay Armaou, and Sinéad O'Carroll. Originally active between 1997 and 2002, they enjoyed success in both Europe and North America between 1998 and 2000, releasing two albums and eight singles, all of which made the UK Top 20. Their first four singles, "C'est la Vie", "Rollercoaster", "To You I Belong" and "Blame It on the Weatherman", all reached number one in the UK Singles Chart. In 2002, having sold over 3 million albums worldwide, B*Witched were dropped by their record company. Soon afterwards, when O'Carroll decided to leave, the group split up. In 2006, the Lynch sisters formed a group, Ms. Lynch, frequently performing B*Witched material at live shows.

neg: Mountain dog Mountain dog is a generic form of dog, a group of similar or related dog breeds or landraces typically from mountain environs of central Eurasia.

neg: The Snowman and the Snowdog The Snowman and The Snowdog is a 2012 animated short film. It is the sequel to "The Snowman", and was created to mark the 30th anniversary of the original short film. "The Snowman and The Snowdog" is dedicated to John Coates (the film's producer, who died in September 2012) and features a new song called "Light the Night" by former Razorlight drummer Andy Burrows. "The Snowman and The Snowdog" won the Televisual Bulldog Award 2013 in the Best Children's category.

neg: Wild Sweet Orange Wild Sweet Orange was an American indie rock band from Homewood, Alabama. In early 2008 their song "Land of No Return" was featured on Grey's Anatomy. The band performed the song "Ten Dead Dogs" live on the Late Show with David Letterman on June 23, 2008. Their first full LP, "We Have Cause to Be Uneasy", was released on July 29, 2008. Wild Sweet Orange has opened for bands such as Counting Crows, Guster, Augustana, and Gringo Star.

neg: Snowmen (film) Snowmen is an independent family film written and directed by Robert Kirbyson and produced by Stephen McEveety. It was released at the Tribeca Film Festival on May 1, 2010.

neg: Give 'Em Hell (Witchfynde album) Give 'em Hell is the debut album by the British heavy metal band Witchfynde. The album was released in 1980 during the new wave of British heavy metal heyday and re-released in 2004 by Lemon Recordings. The 2004 re-release featured three bonus tracks ("The Devil's Gallop", "Tetelestai", and "Wake Up Screaming").

neg: The Return (Shinhwa album) The Return is the tenth studio album of South Korean boy band Shinhwa, in commemoration of their 14th anniversary. It was released on 23 March 2012 by Shinhwa Company and distributed by CJ E&M Music. The album and its associated concerts, "", marks their comeback to the music industry after a four-year hiatus, since their 10th anniversary concert and album "Volume 9" in 2008, during which band members served individual mandatory military services.

neg: Escape Dead Island Escape Dead Island is an adventure survival horror video game developed by Swedish developer Fatshark and published by German studio Deep Silver and distributed by Square Enix in North America for PS3 and Xbox 360 and Valve Corporation for PC. This is the second "Dead island" spin-off. On August 27, 2014, Deep Silver revealed that access to a beta version of "Dead Island 2", the third main entries of the series, will be available for those who pre-order "Escape Dead Island" on any of the platforms.

neg: The Witches (1990 film) The Witches is a 1990 British/American dark fantasy horror-comedy film based on the children's novel of the same title by Roald Dahl. It was directed by Nicolas Roeg and produced by The Jim Henson Company for Lorimar Film Entertainment and Warner Bros., starring Anjelica Huston, Mai Zetterling, Rowan Atkinson, and Jasen Fisher. It is the last theatrical film to be produced by Lorimar before the company shut down 3 years later in 1993.

neg: Magic Car Magic Car are a British Americana / Folk Rock band formed in 1994 by the actor Phil Smeeton (songwriter and guitarist) and Hazel Atkinson (vocalist). They signed to the independent record label Tiny Dog Records in 1999 and have released four albums - "Yellow Main Sequence" (2001), "Family Matters" (2005), and "European Punks" (2002), a joint album with Scott 4. A fourth, "Meteorites" was released in 2016.

neg: The Conjuring (film series) The Conjuring is an American horror film series distributed by the New Line Cinema division of Warner Bros. Pictures. The films present a fictional take on the real-life cases of Ed and Lorraine Warren, paranormal investigators and authors associated with prominent yet controversial cases of haunting. The main series follows their attempts to assist people who find themselves possessed by demonic spirits, while the spin-off films focus on the origins of some of the entities the Warrens have come across.

neg: White Houses (Eric Burdon and the Animals song) White Houses is a song performed by Eric Burdon & the Animals in 1968. It was the opening track from their psychedelic rock album "Every One Of Us". "White Houses" peaked #67 on the US pop singles chart and #46 on the Canadian RPM charts. The B-side on the United States release was "Anything", from the "Winds of Change" album of the previous year, and which had been previously released as a single from that album. On releases in Canada, Germany, Spain and Brazil, the B-side was "River Deep, Mountain High", later included on their album "Love Is". "River Deep, Mountain High" was also viewed as the A-side of the release, and was released as a separate single in 1969.

neg: SSX (2012 video game) SSX is a snowboarding video game in the "SSX" series of video games from Electronic Arts. It is a reboot of the series. First revealed at the Spike Video Game Awards in 2010 under the working title "SSX: Deadly Descents", the game's trailer appeared to show a much darker direction to the series than previous entries, though later footage revealed a return to a lighter tone. "SSX" includes the use of real locations, rather than the fictional courses of past games.

neg: Demon Days Demon Days is the second studio album by British virtual band Gorillaz, released on 11 May 2005 in Japan and on 23 May internationally by Parlophone Records and in the United States by Virgin Records. The album features contributions from De La Soul, Neneh Cherry, Martina Topley-Bird, Roots Manuva, MF DOOM, Ike Turner, Bootie Brown of the Pharcyde, Shaun Ryder, Dennis Hopper, the London Community Gospel Choir, and a children's choir. Frontman Damon Albarn brought in Danger Mouse as producer.

neg: All Dogs Go to Heaven: The Series All Dogs Go to Heaven: The Series is an animated comedy television series which aired from 1996 to 1998 in syndication and on the Fox Family Channel from 1998 to 1999, with 40 half-hour episodes produced in total. The series was produced by Metro-Goldwyn-Mayer Animation, and was distributed by Claster Television (in the years 1996 and 1997) and MGM Worldwide Television Distribution in 1998; finally, its animation was by the studios Wang Film Productions and Thai Wang Film Production Co., Ltd.. Don Bluth’s 1989 animated feature "All Dogs Go to Heaven" featured a selfish German Shepherd named Charlie who died, went to heaven, escaped back to Earth for vengeance on his murderer Carface and then found redemption with the help of a young orphaned girl named Anne-Marie. The film spawned a sequel, "All Dogs Go to Heaven 2" and this animated series takes place after these events.

neg: I Have Returned I Have Returned was Ray Stevens' twenty-second studio album and his second for MCA Records, released in 1985. The pictures on both the front and the back of the album were taken in the Mississippi Sound near Biloxi, Mississippi according to the album credits. Those who are aware of the history of America's participation in World War II will immediately recognize that Stevens is spoofing Douglas MacArthur, a General that served in the war and ""I Have Returned"" is one of his famous quotes. "The Haircut Song" and "The Ballad of the Blue Cyclone" were released as singles from the album. "Santa Claus Is Watching You" is a re-recording of Stevens' 1960's pop single and was re-issued as a country single around the time of the album's release and was made into a popular music video.


query: This 800,000 sqft Chinese-themed mall to be built will connect to a mall that first opened its doors for business in what year?

pos: Remington Centre Remington Centre (滙通廣場) is an 800,000 sqft Chinese-themed mall to be built at the corner of Kennedy Road and Steeles Avenue in Markham, Ontario, Canada, on the site of the present Market Village mall. It will be connected to Pacific Mall by an indoor walkway. Market Village is scheduled for demolition and construction of the new mall was to have begun in the third quarter of 2013, but as of early 2017, Market Village remains in operation with no signs of closure, but some long term tenants have left including McDonald's in late 2015. As of March 2017, certain stores have started selling off all inventory with sales staff mentioning the reason as store closing due to demolition work slated to begin September 2017.

pos: Pacific Mall Pacific Mall is an Asian shopping centre in Markham, Ontario, Canada. It is located on the northeast side of Steeles Avenue and Kennedy Road, right across the municipal border from the city of Toronto, on the site formerly occupied by Cullen Country Barns. The two entrance roads of the mall are Redlea Avenue and Clayton Drive. Pacific Mall is surrounded by an existing shopping plaza, including the Market Village, and together they encompass over 500 stores and are served by both indoor and outdoor parking areas with over 1,500 parking spaces combined. It has two floors and an underground level that leads to an underground parking lot. Designed by Wallman Clewes Bergman Architects, their first proposal was modified by the aesthetic expectations of Markham Town Council (now City Council). Pacific Mall first opened its doors for business in 1997. Its Cantonese name, "太古廣場" (Tai Gu Gwong Cheung), is derived from Pacific Place in Hong Kong. The mall has a total of 270000 sqft of retail space.

neg: Bedok Mall Bedok Mall (Chinese: 勿落广场) is a large suburban shopping mall in Bedok, Singapore and part of a mixed development compromising of retail and residential development that is integrated with a bus interchange. Located at the heart of Bedok, the integrated retail and residential development comprises a 3-storey lifestyle and family shopping mall and eight 15-storey residential towers called Bedok Residences. It was the first major shopping mall to open in Bedok and was built on the site of the former Bedok bus interchange.

neg: Langham Place (Hong Kong) Langham Place is a commercial skyscraper complex and shopping mall completed in 2004 the Mong Kok area of Kowloon, Hong Kong. The official opening was on 25 January 2005. The complex occupies two entire blocks defined by Argyle Street, Portland Street, Shantung Street and Reclamation Street. Shanghai Street separates the two portions of the complex which are connected via two overhead walkways. A hotel is on one side of the development while the commercial elements are located on the other side.

neg: Far East Plaza Far East Plaza (Chinese: 远东商业中心) is a shopping centre in Singapore, located in the heart of the Orchard Road shopping belt. It opened in 1982 together with a Metro (clothing shop) that has since closed down.

neg: NorthTown Mall (Spokane, Washington) NorthTown Mall is shopping mall located in Spokane, Washington. The shopping mall first opened in 1955 and has been expanded several times, with its biggest expansion occurring between 1989 and 1991. Since March 2002, the center has been owned by General Growth Properties. The complex is currently anchored by Barnes & Noble, JCPenney, Kohl's, Macy's, Marshalls, Regal Cinemas, and Sears.

neg: Burbank Town Center Burbank Town Center (formerly Media City Center) is a large shopping mall that opened in August 1991, located on Magnolia Boulevard in Burbank, California, United States, with three levels of interior shopping anchored by Macy's, Burlington Coat Factory and Sears, and outdoor shopping anchored by Office Depot (and formerly IKEA). It is operated by Cypress Equities.

neg: Tacoma Mall The Tacoma Mall is the largest shopping center in Tacoma, Washington. It is owned by Simon Property Group. Anchor tenants include JC Penney, Sears, Macy's, and Nordstrom. The mall opened on October 13, 1965.

neg: Northpoint City, Singapore Northpoint City (Chinese: 纳福坊) is the first major suburban shopping mall in Singapore which opened in 1992.

neg: Market Square (Lake Forest, Illinois) Market Square is a shopping center located in Lake Forest, Illinois, United States, in the Chicago metropolitan area. Opened in 1916, it is notable as one of the earliest planned shopping centers, and is often cited as the first planned shopping center in the United States.

neg: Willowbrook Mall (Houston) Willowbrook Mall is a regional shopping mall located in the Willowbrook area of Houston, Texas that opened in 1981. Located at the intersection of State Highway 249 and FM 1960, the enclosed, single-level mall houses 160 retail stores and six anchors (Dick's Sporting Goods, Dillard's, JCPenney, Macy's, Nordstrom Rack, and Sears). The mall is owned by General Growth Properties and among the five largest Houston-area retail developments based on net rentable area, ranking third in 2000, and is considered a major retailing center of northwest Houston. The mall targets 954,920 residents in the northwestern Greater Houston region, which is projected to increase to 1,104,755 residents within 5 years.

neg: The Laguna Mall The Laguna Mall (), formerly Fisherman's Wharf (), is a shopping centre in Hong Kong, located at 8 Laguna Verde Road, Hung Hom, within the residential complex of Laguna Verde (). There are five floors. Floor LG to Floor 1 are occupied by shops, while the Floor 2 to 3 is the headquarters of CLP Power.

neg: Katy Mills Katy Mills is an outlet shopping mall in Katy, Texas (USA) within the Houston–Sugar Land–Baytown metropolitan area, developed by The Mills Corporation and now owned by Simon Property Group. The mall opened on October 28, 1999 and hosts a variety of over 200 specialty stores. Katy Mills has about 1.3 million square feet (0.12 km²) of retail space.

neg: The Mall of San Juan The Mall of San Juan is a 650000 sqft upscale shopping mall located across from the San José Lagoon at the south end of the Teodoro Moscoso Bridge, near the Luis Muñoz Marin International Airport in San Juan, Puerto Rico. It opened its doors on March 26, 2015 and it is anchored by Saks Fifth Avenue and Nordstrom, both being the first stores in their respective chains in Puerto Rico and the Caribbean. Future plans includes the construction of an office tower and a hotel and casino set to begin construction later in 2015 and completed by 2017. The mall was constructed at a cost of $475 million by Taubman Centers.

neg: Core Pacific City Core Pacific City, also known as the Living Mall () is a shopping center in Taipei, Taiwan, and has a total floor space of 204,190 square meters. Built in 2001, the structure is a complex of two buildings - an L-shaped building which contains specialty boutiques connected to a sphere which contains the Mira Department Store. The complex consists of 12 above-ground stories and 7 underground levels. When it first opened, the mall was open 24 hours a day, 7 days a week. As one of the first of several large-scale malls in Taiwan, Core Pacific's planners expected it to change local consumer behavior to Western-style one-stop shopping.

neg: Laurel Mall (Maryland) Laurel Mall was a shopping mall located on the west side of U.S. Route 1 in Laurel, Maryland. The mall opened on October 11, 1979 and connected two pre-existing structures – the freestanding Montgomery Ward on its south side and Laurel Shopping Center to the north. The mall closed permanently on May 1, 2012.

neg: Westfield Sunrise Westfield Sunrise, commonly known as Sunrise Mall, is a shopping mall located in Massapequa, New York. The mall opened on August 30, 1973 as the first 2-level shopping center on Long Island. It was remodeled in 1991 and it was acquired by the Westfield Group in 2005.

neg: Clementi Mall The Clementi Mall (Chinese 金文泰广场）is a shopping mall in Singapore, serving Clementi, Dover and Bukit Timah residents. It is a five-storey mall with 290,000 square feet of retail space. It opened for business in January 2011, with the grand official opening in May 2011. The mall is owned by CM Domain.

neg: Bashford Manor Mall Bashford Manor Mall, named for the surrounding neighborhood of Bashford Manor, was a 560000 sqft enclosed mall in Louisville, Kentucky which opened in 1973 and once had about 85 stores, including Ayr-Way, Bacon's, Ben Snyder's and A & P.

neg: Magic Valley Mall Magic Valley Mall is a shopping mall located in Twin Falls, Idaho. The mall opened in 1986 and is named after the Magic Valley region of Idaho. At 413,000 square feet and boasting more than 80 shops, the Magic Valley Mall soon supplanted the older Blue Lakes Mall as a major shopping location in southern Idaho.

neg: Viaport Rotterdam Viaport Rotterdam, formerly Rotterdam Square, is a shopping mall located in Rotterdam, New York, United States. When it opened, the mall was originally called Rotterdam Square and owned by Wilmorite Properties (who also owned Wilton Mall in Wilton) until 2005, when Wilmorite was acquired by The Macerich Company, who then took over ownership and management of most of their properties. The mall has an area of 900000 sqft on one level with over 80 stores, a 450-seat food court as well as restaurants and a seven-screen Sony-Loews Cineplex, now operated by Zurich Cinemas (independent company). The mall was purchased by Kohan Retail Investment Group in January 2014, and was later sold to Via Properties in June 2015. In 2016 Via Properties renamed the mall to Via Port Rotterdam

neg: Mall of Memphis The Mall of Memphis was a shopping mall in Memphis, Tennessee, containing 885627 sqft of retail space and 5,564 parking spaces. The mall opened October 7, 1981, was closed December 24, 2003, and was demolished in 2004. Among other things, the mall was home to the Ice Chalet, Memphis's only public ice rink.


query: Samavati was one of the queens of King Udena of Kosambi, Samavati became so gladdened by Khujjuttara's discourse, she invited which ascetic (śramaṇa) and sage, on whose teachings Buddhism was founded, and his monks regularly to the palace to preach the Dharma to her and her 500 ladies in waiting?

pos: Samavati Samavati was one of the queens of King Udena of Kosambi. Her servant Khujjuttara became a foremost female lay disciple when she sent her to hear the Buddha's teachings and tell her about the teachings. Samavati became so gladdened by Khujjuttara's discourse, she invited Buddha and his monks regularly to the palace to preach the Dharma to her and her 500 ladies in waiting. She became the foremost disciple in loving kindness and compassion.

pos: Gautama Buddha Gautama Buddha (c. 563 BCE/480 BCE – c. 483 BCE/400 BCE), also known as Siddhārtha Gautama ] , Shakyamuni Buddha ] , or simply the Buddha, after the title of "Buddha", was an ascetic (śramaṇa) and sage, on whose teachings Buddhism was founded. He is believed to have lived and taught mostly in the eastern part of ancient India sometime between the sixth and fourth centuries BCE.

neg: Samadhana Samādhāna or "samādhānam" (Sanskrit:समाधानम्) is a Sanskrit noun derived from the word, "samādhā" (समाधा), and variously means – putting together, uniting, fixing the mind in abstract contemplation on the true nature of the soul, profound or abstract meditation, deep contemplation, intentness, steadiness, composure, peace of mind, clearing up a doubt or replying to the "pūrvapaksha", agreeing or promising, a leading incident, justification of a statement, proof, reconciliation or eagerness.

neg: Shuka Shuka (also Shukadeva, Shuka deva, Suka, Sukadev, Sukadeva Gosvami, ) was the son of the sage Vyasa (credited as the organizer of the Vedas and Puranas) and the main narrator of the Bhagavata Purana. Most of the Bhagavata Purana consists of Shuka reciting the story to the dying king Parikshit. Shuka is depicted as a sannyasi, renouncing the world in pursuit of moksha (liberation), which most narratives assert that he achieved.

neg: Saddharmarathnakaraya The Saddharmarathnakaraya, Pali: "Saddhammarathnákara" and Sinhalese: සද්ධර්මරත්නාකරය is a historical "Sinhala Buddhist" religious text compendium and was compiled as an explanation to a Pali: "páli" anthology by Ven. Dhammadinnáchárya Vimalakiththi, who was well known as a talented pupil of Ven. Dharmakeerthi Sangharája at the Monastery of "Palábaddala" while Parakramabahu VI of Kotte was ruling the Kingdom of Kotte in the 15th century.

neg: Itivuttaka The Itivuttaka (Pali for "as it was said") is a Buddhist scripture, part of the Pali Canon of Theravada Buddhism and is attributed to Khujjuttara's recollection of Buddha's discourses. It is included there in the Sutta Pitaka's Khuddaka Nikaya. It comprises 112 short teachings ascribed in the text to the Buddha, each consisting of a prose portion followed by a verse portion. The latter may be a paraphrase of the former, or complementary. Some scholars consider it one of the earliest of all Buddhist scriptures, while others consider it somewhat later.

neg: Jetavana Jetavana was one of the most famous of the Buddhist monasteries or viharas in India. It was the second vihara donated to Gautama Buddha after the Veluvana in Rajgir.

neg: Uddaka Ramaputta Uddaka Rāmaputta was a meditator, probably of Brahmanical background and a teacher of meditation. Uddaka Rāmaputta, as his name implied, was either a son of Rāma or a disciple of Rāma. Uddaka, who was one of the teachers of Goutama Buddha, taught refined states of meditation known as the immaterial attainments. After departure Goutama Buddha first went to Ālāra Kālāma and after following his method equalled his master. At this time Ālāra had nothing else to teach Gotama. But, Goutama was eager to learn more, so he started to search for another teacher. He found Uddaka Rāmaputta and accepted him as teacher.

neg: Ugraparipṛcchā Sūtra The Ugraparipṛcchā Sūtra ("The inquiry of Ugra") is an early Indian sutra which is particularly important for understanding the beginnings of Mahayana Buddhism. It contains positive references to both the path of the bodhisattva and the path of the arhat, the latter of which was denigrated as a lesser spiritual path in later Mahayana sutras. It also emphasises solitary spiritual practices instead of community-based ones much like the very early "Rhinoceros Sutra".

neg: Samavayanga Sutra Samavayanga Sutra (c. 3rd-4th century BCE) is the 4th amongst the 12 Angas of the Jaina canon. The sutra is believed to have been composed by Gandhara Sudharmaswami. This ancient manuscript is the holy book of the Svetambara sect. This text contains the essence of Jain religion, defined and catalogued systematically. Written c. 300 BCE, it is a part of the collection of texts containing Lord Mahavira’s teachings, collectively termed as Agama Sutras.

neg: Reality in Buddhism Reality in Buddhism is called "dharma" (Sanskrit) or "dhamma" (Pali). This word, which is foundational to the conceptual frameworks of the Indian religions, refers in Buddhism to the system of natural laws which constitute the natural order of things. "Dharma" is therefore reality as-it-is ("yatha-bhuta"). The teaching of Gautama Buddha constituting as it does a method by which people can come out of their condition of suffering ("dukkha") involves developing an awareness of reality ("see" mindfulness). Buddhism thus seeks to address any disparity between a person's view of reality and the actual state of things. This is called developing Right or Correct View (Pali: "samma ditthi"). Seeing reality as-it-is is thus an essential prerequisite to mental health and well-being according to Buddha's teaching.

neg: Phra Dhammavisuddhikavi Phra Dhammavisuddhikavi is a Buddhist teacher, writer and meditation master for Buddhist monks, novices and the general public in Thailand.

neg: Vitakkasanthana Sutta The Vitakkasanthana Sutta (MN 20) ("The Removal of Distracting Thoughts") is a discourse contained within the Pali Canon of Theravada Buddhism.

neg: Āgama (Buddhism) In Buddhism, an āgama (Sanskrit and Pāli for "sacred work" or "scripture") is a collection of Early Buddhist scriptures. The five āgamas together comprise the "Suttapiṭaka" of the early Buddhist schools, which had different recensions of each āgama. In the Pali Canon of the Theravada, the term "nikāya" is used in place of "āgama".

neg: Shatkhandagama Ṣaṭkhaṅḍāgama (Devanagari: षटखंडागम ), literally the "Scripture in Six Parts", is the foremost and oldest Digambara Jain sacred text. According to "Digambara" tradition, the original canonical scriptures of the Jains were totally lost within a few centuries of "Nirvana" of Lord Mahavira. Hence, "Satkhandāgama" is the most revered Digambara text that has been given the status of "āgama". The importance of the "Satkhandāgama" to the Digambaras can be judged by the fact that, the day its "Dhavalā" commentary was completed, it is commemorated as "Shruta Pañcami", a day when all the Jaina scriptures are venerated. "Satkhandāgama", the first "āgama" is also called the Pratham Shrut-Skandh, while the "Panch Paramāgama" by Acharya Kundakunda are referred to as the second "āgama" or Dvitiya Shrut-Skandh.

neg: Bhikkhuni A bhikkhunī (Pali) or bhikṣuṇī (Sanskrit) is a fully ordained female monastic in Buddhism. Male monastics are called bhikkhus. Both bhikkhunis and bhikkhus live by the Vinaya, a set of rules. Until recently, the lineages of female monastics only remained in Mahayana Buddhism and thus are prevalent in countries such as Korea, Vietnam, China, and Taiwan but a few women have taken the full monastic vows in the Theravada and Vajrayana schools over the last decade.

neg: Kalama Sutta The Kālāma Sutta is a discourse of the Buddha contained in the Aṅguttara Nikaya of the Tipiṭaka. It is often cited by those of the Theravada and Mahayana traditions alike as the Buddha's "charter of free inquiry."

neg: Buddhabhadra (translator) Buddhabhadra () (359-429 CE) was an Indian Buddhist monk, with the title of śramaṇa. He is most known for his prolific translation efforts of Buddhist texts from Sanskrit into Chinese, and was responsible for the first Chinese translation of the "Avataṃsaka Sūtra" ("Flower Ornament Scripture") in the 5th century.

neg: Gautama Buddha in Hinduism Gautama Buddha, of Buddhism fame, is one of the avatars of the god Vishnu in Vaishnava Hinduism. Of the ten major Vishnu avatars, he is considered as the ninth incarnation. His portrayal in Hinduism varies. In some texts such as the Puranas, he is portrayed as an avatar born to mislead those who deny the Vedic knowledge. In others such as "Gitagovinda" of Vaishnava poet Jayadeva, Vishnu incarnates as the Buddha to teach and to end animal slaughter.

neg: Vyasatirtha Vyasaraja or Vyasa Thirtha (Kannada: ವ್ಯಾಸತೀರ್ಥ ; 1447–1548), also called Vyasaraya or Chandrikacharya, was a Hindu philosopher, dialectician, polemicist and poet. He is considered to be one of the three great spiritual sages or "munitrayam" of Dvaita Vedanta, along with Madhvacharya and Jayatirtha, for his immense contribution to the school of thought. He was a scholar of very high order with a judicious defence of the Dvaita Vedanta against all rival schools of thought. He also brought the Haridasa cult, historically believed to be propagated by Sri Narahari Tirtha, into limelight. He belonged to the Dvaita school of Madhvacharya. He, along with Jayatirtha, helped systematize Dvaita into an established school of Vedic thought. Vyasaraja's genius lay in his clear understanding and exposition of all his opposing schools of thought, for which even his opponents admired him. He was a master at debate and dialogue in logic and philosophy. Till the publication of the Vyasayogicharita of the poet Somanatha, the world had no idea of the part played by Vyasaraja in the history of the Vijayanagara empire.

neg: Jambuka Jambuka (6th century BC) is an ascetic described in the 70th verse of the "Dhammapada", a Buddhist text.

neg: Khuddakapatha The Khuddakapatha (-pāṭha ; Pali for "short passages"; abbreviated as "Khp") is a Buddhist scripture, the first collection of discourses ("suttas") in the Khuddaka Nikaya of the Pali Canon of Theravada Buddhism. It includes texts essential to Buddhist disciples.


query: What was the name of the young human in the animated film featuring bears for which Jessie Flower was a voice actor?

pos: Jessie Flower Jessica "Jessie" Flower (real name Michaela Murphy; born August 18, 1994) is an American voice actress. She is best known as the voice of Toph Beifong in the animated television series "". She also voiced the character in the season one episode "The Fortuneteller". She voices Peggy in "Random! Cartoons" episode Tiffany. Jessie has been in several movies, including "Meet the Robinsons", "Over the Hedge", "The Ant Bully", "Finding Nemo", "The Emperor's New School", and "Brother Bear 2".

pos: Brother Bear 2 Brother Bear 2 is a 2006 American animated comedy-drama film and the direct-to-video sequel to the animated feature "Brother Bear", which was released on August 29, 2006. Melissa Etheridge contributed three songs to the film. In the film, the adventures of bear brothers Kenai and Koda continue. While the first film dealt with Kenai's relationship with Koda, this one focuses more on his bond with a young human, Nita.

neg: Venus (Teenage Mutant Ninja Turtles) Venus de Milo (often shortened to simply Venus and also known as Mei Pieh Chi) is a fictional character within the Teenage Mutant Ninja Turtles franchise. She first appeared in the television series, "". There, she was portrayed by Nicole Parker and voiced by Lalainia Lindbjerg. She is the only female turtle (in that medium) and the only turtle named after a work of art, rather than an artist.

neg: Kōichi Sakaguchi Kōichi Sakaguchi (坂口　候一 , Sakaguchi Kōichi , born February 10, 1968) is a Japanese voice actor affiliated with 81 Produce. He also had a recurring role in both the Japanese and English language "Pokémon" anime which saw him voicing Jessie's Arbok up until Episode 6 of the Hoenn series which saw Arbok and its companion, Weezing being released to help protect a herd of Koffing and Ekans who had been captured by a hunter.

neg: The Lump The Lump is a short animated film released in 1991. It tells the story of an unattractive and unpopular man named George. One day, a lump appears on his head that looks like an attractive face. By pretending the lump is his real face, he gains fame and fortune, but soon he gets into trouble when he enters into the company of several corrupt politicians.

neg: Cody Cameron Cody Cameron (born October 12, 1970) is an American film director, storyboard artist, and voice actor, best known for directing "Cloudy with a Chance of Meatballs 2". He voiced many animated characters, including Pinocchio and the Three Little Pigs in the "Shrek" series, and Mr. Weenie in the "Open Season" franchise.

neg: Dog Gone People Dog Gone People is a "Merrie Melodies" cartoon animated short starring Elmer Fudd. Released November 12, 1960, the cartoon is directed by Robert McKimson. Elmer is voiced by Hal Smith, as Arthur Q. Bryan had died the year previous.

neg: Maddie Taylor Maddie Taylor (born as Matthew William Taylor; December 31, 1966 in Flint, Michigan) is an American voice actress, story artist and comedian, known for voicing Verminious Snaptrap in "T.U.F.F. Puppy" and Sparky in "The Fairly OddParents".

neg: Robin Hood (Disney character) Robin Hood is a fictional character who is the protagonist in Walt Disney Productions series’ 21st animated feature film Robin Hood (1973). Robin Hood is voiced by Shakespearean and Tony Award winning actor Brian Bedford. The film is based on the legends of Robin Hood and Reynard the fox, a 12th century Alsatian fairy tale character, but uses anthropomorphic animals rather than people. The story follows the adventures of Robin Hood, Little John and the inhabitants of Nottingham as they fight against the excessive taxation of Prince John, and Robin Hood wins the hand of Maid Marian.

neg: List of Care Bears films The Care Bears are a group of characters created by the American Greetings company in 1981. Since 1985, they have appeared in nine animated feature films. The first three, made by the Toronto company Nelvana during the mid-1980s, were cel-animated; all subsequent entries (from 2004 onward) have been in CGI. Nelvana produced the first five films, while Los Angeles-based SD Entertainment has made another four (starting with "" in 2007).

neg: Mary and Max Mary and Max is a 2009 Australian stop motion animated comedy-drama film written and directed by Adam Elliot as his first animated feature film with music by Dale Cornelius and produced by Melanie Coombs and Melodrama Pictures. The voice cast included Philip Seymour Hoffman, Toni Collette, Eric Bana, Bethany Whitmore with narration by Barry Humphries. The film premiered on the opening night of the 2009 Sundance Film Festival on January 15, 2009. The film won the Annecy Cristal in June 2009 from the Annecy International Animated Film Festival, and Best Animated Feature Film at the Asia Pacific Screen Awards in November 2009. The film was theatrically released on April 9, 2009 by Icon Entertainment International. "Mary and Max" received very positive reviews from critics and it earned $1.7 million USD on a $8.2 million AUD budget.

neg: BearCity BearCity is a 2010 American gay-themed (in particular, the gay bear community) comedy-drama film directed by Doug Langway, and written by Langway and Lawrence Ferber. It is about a young twink gay man who fantasizes about bears and his search to find the perfect man. The sequel "" was released in the fall of 2012.

neg: The Railway Dragon The Railway Dragon is a 1989 American television animated film. Leslie Nielsen featured as the narrator.

neg: The Good Dinosaur The Good Dinosaur is a 2015 American 3D computer-animated comedy-drama adventure film produced by Pixar Animation Studios and released by Walt Disney Pictures. The film is directed by Peter Sohn in his directorial debut from a screenplay by Meg LeFauve from an original idea by Bob Peterson. Set on a fictional Earth in which dinosaurs never became extinct, the film follows a young "Apatosaurus" named Arlo, who meets an unlikely human friend while traveling through a harsh and mysterious landscape. The film features the voices of Raymond Ochoa, Jack Bright, Sam Elliott, Anna Paquin, A.J. Buckley, Steve Zahn, Jeffrey Wright, and Frances McDormand.

neg: Squirtle Squirtle ( ), known as Zenigame (ゼニガメ ) in Japan, is a Pokémon species in Nintendo and Game Freak's "Pokémon" franchise. It was originally conceived by Game Freak's character development team and finalized by Ken Sugimori. Its name was changed from Zenigame to Squirtle during the English localization of the series in order to give it a "clever and descriptive name." In animated appearances, Squirtle is voiced in Japanese by Rikako Aikawa and in English localizations by Eric Stuart, and later Michele Knotz. Squirtle, in the anime, never evolved for reasons never truly explained by the creators.

neg: Gumby: The Movie Gumby: The Movie (also referred to as its on-screen title Gumby 1) is a 1995 American stop-motion claymation feature film featuring the character Gumby.

neg: Once Upon a Forest Once Upon a Forest is a 1993 animated film based on the "Furlings" characters created by Rae Lambert. A Hanna-Barbera/HTV Cymru/Wales production released by 20th Century Fox, the film was directed by Charles Grosvenor and produced by David Kirschner.

neg: Creature Comforts Creature Comforts is a stop motion clay animation comedy mockumentary franchise originating in a 1989 British humorous animated short film of the same name. The film matched animated zoo animals with a soundtrack of people talking about their homes, making it appear as if the animals were being interviewed about their living conditions. It was created by Nick Park and Aardman Animations. The film later became the basis of a series of television advertisements for the electricity boards in the United Kingdom, and in 2003, a television series in the same style was released. An American version of the series was also made.

neg: Boonie Bears III Boonie Bears III is a 2016 Chinese animated adventure comedy film directed by Ding Liang and Lin Yongchang. The film is the third installment in the "Boonie Bears" film series based on the animated series of the same name, following the 2015 film "". It was released in China on January 16, 2016. It will be followed by "", scheduled for release in 2017.

neg: Fred Jones (Scooby-Doo) Frederick Herman "Fred" Jones is a fictional character in the American animated series "Scooby-Doo", about a quartet of teenage mystery solvers and their Great Dane companion, Scooby-Doo. He is voiced by Frank Welker.

neg: Young Hunters: The Beast of Bevendean Young Hunters: The Beast of Bevendean is a British children’s adventure film starring Aaron Swartz, Jonathan Hansler, Brenock O'Connor, Toby Murray and Julie Hoult. The film is about the search by two boys for the mysterious Beast of Bevendean.

neg: Mask-A-Raid Mask-A-Raid is a 1931 Fleischer Studios Talkartoon animated short film starring Betty Boop. It is the first Betty Boop cartoon to show Betty as a human, which the character is best known being shown as.


query: The African immigration to the United States was named "African" due to the significant quantity of what American immigrants?

pos: Nigerian Americans Nigerian Americans are Americans who are of Nigerian ancestry. The term Nigerian American is sometimes shortened to "Naija-American". According to a 2006 American Community Survey, there were about 266,000 US residents claiming Nigerian heritage. Nigerian Americans make up a significant part of African immigration to the United States.

pos: African immigration to the United States African immigration to the United States refers to immigrants to the United States who are or were nationals of modern African countries. The term "African" in the scope of this article refers to geographical or national origins rather than racial affiliation. Between the Immigration and Nationality Act of 1965 and 2007, an estimated total of 0.8 to 0.9 million Africans immigrated to the United States, accounting for roughly 3.3% of all total U.S. immigrants during this period.

neg: Afro-Trinidadians and Tobagonians Afro-Trinidadians and Tobagonians (or just Afro-Trinbagonians) are people from Trinidad and Tobago who are largely of African descent. Social interpretations of race in Trinidad and Tobago are often used to dictate who is of African descent; for example, a person might appear "white" in appearance but may still be considered "black" based on significant African ancestry. Mulatto-Creole, Zambo, Quadroon, or Octoroon were all racial terms used to measure the amount of African ancestry someone possessed in Trinidad and throughout Latin American and Caribbean history.

neg: African Australians African Australians are Australians of African ancestry. Large-scale immigration from Africa to Australia is only a recent phenomenon, with Europe and Asia traditionally being the largest sources of migration to Australia. In 2005–06, permanent settler arrivals to Australia included 4,000 South Africans and 3,800 Sudanese, constituting the sixth and seventh largest sources of migrants, respectively.

neg: Beninese Americans Beninese American are Americans of Beninese descent. According to the census of 2000, in the United States there are only 605 Americans of Beninese origin. However, because in the first half of the eighteenth century many slaves were exported from Benin to the present United States, the number of African Americans with one or more Beninese ancestors could be much higher. So, the number of slaves from Bight of Benin exported to present United States exceeded 6,000 people, although this might consist not only in Benin, but also washes the shores of Ghana, Togo and Nigeria. It is also important to note that they were slaves from modern Benin (along with the Haitian immigrants arrived in the United States in the late nineteenth century), who planted voodoo in Louisiana. Currently, there Beninese communities in cities such as Chicago or Washington D.C and in other states as New York.

neg: African-American settlement in Africa The history of African-American settlement in Africa extends to the beginnings of ex-slave repatriation to Africa from European colonies in the Americas.

neg: Illegal immigration from Africa to Israel Illegal immigration from Africa to Israel (often also referred to as infiltration by the Israeli media and by Israeli government organizations; however, the use of the term has been criticized) refers to the act of African nationals entering Israel in violation of Israeli law. This phenomenon began in the second half of the 2000s, when a large number of persons from Africa entered Israel, mainly through the fenced border between Israel and Egypt. According to the data of the Israeli Interior Ministry, 26,635 people arrived illegally in this way to July 2010, and over 55,000 in January 2012. In an attempt to curb the influx, Israel constructed the Egypt–Israel barrier, which was completed in December 2013.

neg: African Americans African Americans (also referred to as Black Americans or Afro-Americans) are an ethnic group of Americans with total or partial ancestry from any of the black racial groups of Africa. The term may also be used to include only those individuals who are descended from enslaved Africans. As a compound adjective the term is usually hyphenated as African-American.

neg: Black Canadians Black Canadians is a designation used for people of Black African descent, who are citizens or permanent residents of Canada. The majority of Black Canadians are of Caribbean origin, though the population also consists of African American immigrants and their descendants (including Black Nova Scotians), as well as many African immigrants.

neg: Dominican Americans Dominican Americans (Spanish: domínico-americanos , norteamericanos de origen dominicano or estadounidenses de origen dominicano ) are Americans who have full or partial origin from the Dominican Republic. Although their emigration began in the sixteenth century, thousands of Dominicans passed through the gates of Ellis Island in the 19th and early 20th centuries. The most recent movement of emigration to the United States began in the 1960s, after the fall of the Trujillo regime. In 2015, there were approximately 1.87 million people of Dominican descent in the U.S., including both native and foreign-born. Dominican Americans are the fifth-largest Hispanic group in the United States.

neg: Afro-Romanian Afro-Romanians are Black people, those people of recent African descent, or those persons who are perceived to be dark-skinned compared to other given populations that have migrated to and settled in Romania. Population of Afro-Romanians is rather insignificant and mostly concentrated in major cities of Romania.

neg: German Texan German Texan is both a term to describe immigrants arriving in the Republic of Texas from Germany beginning in the 1830s and an ethnic category which includes their descendants in today's state of Texas. Arriving Germans tended to cluster in ethnic enclaves; the majority settled in a broad, fragmented belt across the south-central part of the state, where many became farmers. As of 1990, about three million Texans considered themselves at least part ethnic German, a subgroup of German Americans.

neg: Harlem Renaissance The Harlem Renaissance was a cultural, social, and artistic explosion that took place in Harlem, New York, spanning the 1920s. During the time, it was known as the "New Negro Movement", named after the 1925 anthology by Alain Locke. The Movement also included the new African-American cultural expressions across the urban areas in the Northeast and Midwest United States affected by the African-American Great Migration, of which Harlem was the largest. The Harlem Renaissance was considered to be a rebirth of African-American arts. Though it was centered in the Harlem neighborhood of the borough of Manhattan in New York City, many francophone black writers from African and Caribbean colonies who lived in Paris were also influenced by the Harlem Renaissance.

neg: Chinese emigration Waves of Chinese emigration (also known as the Chinese diaspora) have happened throughout history. The mass emigration known as the Chinese diaspora, which occurred from the 19th century to 1949, was mainly caused by wars and starvation in mainland China, invasion from various foreign countries, as well as the problems resulting from political corruption. Most immigrants were illiterate peasants and manual labourers, called "coolies" (), who emigrated to work in countries such as the Americas, Australia, South Africa, and Southeast Asia.

neg: Edward P. McCabe Edwin P. McCabe October 10, 1850 – March 12, 1920) was an African-American settler, attorney, and land agent who became one of the first African Americans to hold a major political office in the American Old West. A Republican office-holder in Kansas, McCabe became a leading figure in an effort to stimulate a black migration into what was then the territory of Oklahoma, with the hopes of creating a majority-black state that would be free of the white domination that was prevalent throughout the Southern United States. In pursuit of this goal, McCabe founded the city of Langston, Oklahoma.

neg: List of African-American U.S. state firsts African Americans are a demographic minority in the United States. African-Americans' initial achievements in various fields historically establish a foothold, providing a precedent for more widespread cultural change. The shorthand phrase for this is "breaking the color barrier."

neg: African immigration to Norway African immigration to Norway refers to immigrants to Norway from Africa. An estimated 88,764 people in Norway are either first or second generation immigrants from Africa.

neg: Afro-Latin Americans Afro-Latin Americans or Black Latin Americans refers to Latin American people of significant African ancestry. The term may also refer to historical or cultural elements in Latin America thought to have emanated from this community.

neg: American Australians American Australians are Australian citizens who are of American descent, including immigrants and residents who are descended from migrants from the United States of America and its territories. This can include people of European, African American, American Indian, Hispanic or Latin American, Asian, or Pacific Islander backgrounds.

neg: African-American culture African-American culture, also known as Black-American culture, refers to the cultural contributions of African Americans to the culture of the United States, either as part of or distinct from mainstream American culture. The distinct identity of African-American culture is rooted in the historical experience of the African-American people, including the Middle Passage. The culture is both distinct and enormously influential on American culture as a whole.

neg: Immigrant-host model The immigrant-host model was an approach that developed in postwar sociology to explain the new patterns of immigration and racism. It explained the racism of hosts as a reaction to the different cultural traditions of the immigrants, which acted as obstacles for their economic development and social integration. The model assumed that the disruption immigration caused to stability would be solved by the cultural assimilation of immigrants into the dominant culture. Since the 1970s, however, the assumptions in this model have been increasingly discarded in the sociology of race relations. The core idea of the model that the immigrants' children would gradually assimilate and, thus, that racism and racial inequality would cease proved false. The model was criticized and blamed for reflecting and, even, reinforcing the racist assumptions by describing the cultures of immigrants as social problems and ignoring the role structural inequality plays in their subjugation.

neg: Afro-Mexicans Afro-Mexicans (Spanish: "afromexicanos; negros; afrodescendientes" ) are Mexicans who have a heritage from Sub-Saharan Africa. Also known as Black Mexicans, they are an ethnic group made up of recent immigrants of African descent to Mexico and the descendants of slaves, such as in the communities of the Costa Chica of Oaxaca and Guerrero, Veracruz and in some cities in northern Mexico. The history of blacks in Mexico has been lesser known for a number of reasons: their relatively small numbers, regular intermarriage with other ethnic groups, and Mexico’s tradition of defining itself as a “mestizaje” or mixing culture.


query: What actress starred in both Two Rode Together and "The Partridge Family" (1970–74)?

pos: Two Rode Together Two Rode Together Eastman Color (1961) is a Western film directed by John Ford, and starring James Stewart, Richard Widmark and Shirley Jones. The supporting cast includes Linda Cristal, Andy Devine and John McIntire. The movie was based upon the novel "Comanche Captives" by Will Cook.

pos: Shirley Jones Shirley Mae Jones (born March 31, 1934) is an American singer and actress of stage, film and television. In her six decades of show business, she has starred as wholesome characters in a number of well-known musical films, such as "Oklahoma!" (1955), "Carousel" (1956), and "The Music Man" (1962). She won the Academy Award for Best Supporting Actress for playing a vengeful prostitute in "Elmer Gantry" (1960). She played the lead role of Shirley Partridge, the widowed mother of five children, in the musical situation-comedy television series "The Partridge Family" (1970–74), which co-starred her real-life stepson David Cassidy, son of Jack Cassidy.

neg: Yvette Vickers Yvette Vickers (born Yvette Iola Vedder; August 26, 1928 – c. 2010) was an American actress, pin-up model and singer.

neg: Dirty Sally Dirty Sally is an American comedy-drama Western series which ran on CBS from January 11 until April 5, 1974. The program is a spin-off of a two-part 1971 episode of "Gunsmoke" in which Sally nurses a young gunfighter back to health.

neg: Albert and Victoria Albert and Victoria is a British sitcom that aired on ITV from 1970 to 1971. Starring Alfred Marks, it was written by Reuben Ship. It was made for the ITV network by Yorkshire Television.

neg: All Our Saturdays All Our Saturdays is a British sitcom starring Diana Dors that aired in 1973. Stuart Harris wrote two episodes, while Oliver Free, Eric Geen, Anthony Crouch and Peter Robinson & David Rutherford all wrote one each. It was made for the ITV network by Yorkshire Television.

neg: Bess Armstrong Elizabeth Key "Bess" Armstrong (born December 11, 1953) is an American film, stage and television actress. She is best known for her roles in films "The Four Seasons" (1981), "High Road to China" (1983), "Jaws 3-D" (1983), and "Nothing in Common" (1986). Armstrong also starred in the critically acclaimed ABC drama series "My So-Called Life" and had lead roles in a number of made-for-television films.

neg: Bea Arthur Beatrice "Bea" Arthur (born Bernice Frankel; May 13, 1922 – April 25, 2009) was an American actress, comedian, singer, and animal rights activist. Her career spanned seven decades.

neg: Linda Hunt Lydia Susanna Hunter (born April 2, 1945), better known by her stage name Linda Hunt, is an American film, stage, and television actress. After making her film debut playing Mrs. Oxheart in "Popeye" (1980), Hunt's breakthrough came playing the male character Billy Kwan in "The Year of Living Dangerously" (1982), for which she won the Academy Award for Best Supporting Actress, becoming the first person to win an Oscar portraying a character of the opposite sex.

neg: Nerys Hughes Nerys Hughes (born 8 November 1941) is a Welsh actress, known primarily for her television roles, including her part in the BBC TV series "The Liver Birds".

neg: Pam Grier Pamela Suzette Grier (born May 26, 1949) is an American actress. She became known in the early 1970s for starring in a string of women in prison and blaxploitation films like "The Big Bird Cage" (1972), "Coffy" (1973), "Foxy Brown" (1974) and "Sheba Baby" (1975). She starred in Quentin Tarantino's film "Jackie Brown", for which she received a Golden Globe nomination for Best Actress. She has also been nominated for a SAG Award as well as a Satellite Award for her performance in "Jackie Brown". Grier is also known for her work on television; for 6 seasons she portrayed Kate 'Kit' Porter on the television series "The L Word". She received an Emmy Award nomination for her work in the animated program "". Rotten Tomatoes has ranked her as the second greatest female action heroine in film history. Director Quentin Tarantino remarked that she may have been cinema's first female action star.

neg: Paula Jai Parker Paula Jai Parker (born August 19, 1969) is an American actress, comedian, director and singer-songwriter. She has had number of supporting roles in films, including "Friday" (1995), "Sprung" (1997), "Why Do Fools Fall in Love" (1998), "Phone Booth" (2002), "Hustle & Flow" (2005), and "Idlewild" (2006). Parker also known for her voice of Trudy Proud in the Disney Channel animated comedy series, "The Proud Family" (2001-2005).

neg: Diane Ladd Diane Ladd (born November 29, 1932) is an American actress, film director, producer and author. She has appeared in over 120 film and television roles. For the 1974 film "Alice Doesn't Live Here Anymore", she won the BAFTA Award for Best Actress in a Supporting Role and was nominated for the Academy Award for Best Supporting Actress. She went on to win the Golden Globe Award for Best Supporting Actress on Television for "Alice" (1980–81), and to receive Academy Award nominations for "Wild at Heart" (1990) and "Rambling Rose" (1991). Her other film appearances include "Chinatown" (1974), "Ghosts of Mississippi" (1996), "Primary Colors" (1998), "28 Days" (2000), and "American Cowslip" (2008). Ladd is the mother of actress Laura Dern, with her ex-husband, actor Bruce Dern.

neg: Room for Two (TV series) Room for Two is an American sitcom starring Patricia Heaton and Linda Lavin that aired for two seasons on ABC from March 24, 1992 to July 6, 1993.

neg: Evelyn Guerrero Evelyn Guerrero (born February 24, 1949) is an American actress. She was married to actor Pat Morita. Guerrero starred in various movies and television series from 1969 to 1999. Retired from acting, Guerrero and Morita lived in Las Vegas, Nevada following their marriage in 1994.

neg: Lila Finn Lila Finn (born Lila Shanley; November 28, 1909 - November 15, 1996) was an American actress and stunt woman who performed in films for almost six decades and was known for such films as "Gone with the Wind", "It's a Wonderful Life", "Blazing Saddles", "The Goonies", "Drum", "The Towering Inferno", "Suburban Commando", "" and "The Poseidon Adventure".

neg: Sudie and Simpson Sudie and Simpson is an American television film that originally aired on Lifetime on September 11, 1990. Directed by Joan Tewkesbury, the film stars Louis Gossett, Jr. and Sara Gilbert.

neg: Pets (film) Pets is a 1974 film starring Candice Rialson as a runaway who has various adventures.

neg: Maureen McCormick Maureen Denise McCormick (born August 5, 1956) is an American actress, singer and author. She is best known for her portrayal of Marcia Brady on the ABC television sitcom "The Brady Bunch", which ran from 1969 to 1974. She reprised the role in several of the numerous "Brady Bunch" spin-offs and films, including "The Brady Kids", "The Brady Bunch Hour", "The Brady Brides" as well as "A Very Brady Christmas" (1988). McCormick also appeared in "The Idolmaker" (1980) as well as a wide range of other supporting film roles. In the 1980s and 1990s, she ventured into stage acting, appearing in a variety of different roles and productions such as Wendy Darling in "Peter Pan" and Betty Rizzo in "Grease". McCormick also had a brief career as a recording artist, releasing four studio albums with the "Brady Bunch" cast as well as touring with them. Her only release as a solo artist to date is a country music album, "When You Get a Little Lonely" (1995).

neg: Cassie Yates Cassie Yates (born March 2, 1951), is an American actress best known for her performances on television.

neg: Mary Birdsong Mary Evans Birdsong (born April 18, 1968) is an American actress, comedian, writer, and singer.

neg: Amy Hathaway Amy Hathaway (born 1974) is an American actress. She has appeared in the films "Mutts", and "". She had major co-starring roles in "Last Exit to Earth", "Joyride", and "Gemini Rising". She is also known for her role as Shelby Haskell in the popular series "My Two Dads".


query: What year was the player coached by Des McAleenan born?

pos: Des McAleenan Des McAleenan was the goalkeeping coach for New York Red Bulls in Major League Soccer. Born in Ireland, he was with the MetroStars franchise from 2002 until his firing on 28 February 2011. He played his schoolboy football with Stella Maris. Has coached world-class goalkeepers including Tim Howard, before his move to Manchester United, and US full internationals Tony Meola and Jonny Walker. McAleenan also coached the boy's varsity soccer team at Newington High School in Newington, CT.

pos: Tim Howard Timothy Matthew Howard (born March 6, 1979) is an American soccer player who captains the MLS club Colorado Rapids and plays for the United States national team as a goalkeeper.

neg: Kevin McGuckin Kevin "Slith" McGuckin (Irish: Caoimhín Mag Eocháin ; born 21 February 1981) is an Irish Gaelic footballer who plays for Derry, with whom he has won a National League title. McGuckin was captain of the Derry team for 2007 and is currently the vice-captain. He is regarded as one of the best defenders in Ireland.

neg: Dan McCarney Patrick Daniel "Dan" McCarney (born July 28, 1953) is an American college football coach.

neg: Sean Gregan Sean Matthew Gregan (born 29 March 1974) is an English professional footballer who plays as a central defender for Darlington, where he is also their defensive coach.

neg: Dermot McGrane Dermot McGrane is an English association football coach and former professional player.

neg: John McAlle John McAlle (born 31 January 1950) is a former professional footballer who spent the majority of his career at Wolverhampton Wanderers, where he played over 500 games.

neg: Colin Meldrum (footballer, born 1975) Colin George Meldrum (born 26 November 1975 in Kilmarnock) is a Scottish professional football player and coach.

neg: Marshall Brown (basketball, born 1918) Marshall Earl Brown (June 28, 1918 – August 20, 2008) was an American professional basketball player, minor league baseball player, and college basketball coach.

neg: Eamonn McEneaney Eamon McEneaney is an Irish former Gaelic footballer and current manager. As a player, he won the National Football League in 1985. He most recently managed the Monaghan senior inter-county team.

neg: Jimmy McAuley Jimmy McAuley (born 1901 in Newtownards, Ireland) was an Irish football (soccer) inside forward who played professionally in Ireland and the United States.

neg: Stephen Craigan Stephen James Craigan (born 29 October 1976) is a Northern Irish former professional footballer who is currently the assistant manager of the Northern Ireland Under-19 squad. He played in central defence, and spent his entire playing career in Scotland, playing for Motherwell (twice) and Partick Thistle. He has also played for the Northern Irish national team.

neg: Manager (Gaelic games) In Gaelic games, a manager or coach (Irish: "Bainisteoir" ) is an individual involved in the direction and instruction of the on-field operations of a team. Managing, or coaching, entails the application of sport tactics and strategies during the game itself, and usually entails substitution of players and other such actions as needed. Most managers are former players themselves, and are assisted by a group of selectors.

neg: Éamonn Cregan Éamonn Cregan (born 21 May 1945) is an Irish former Gaelic footballer, hurler and manager. He is best remembered for his success with Limerick, as a player in the 1970s and then as manager of various club and inter-county teams in the 1980s and 1990s. Cregan was inducted into the GAA Hall of Fame in 2013.

neg: Marcus Ray Marcus Kenyon Ray (born August 14, 1976) is an American football coach and former player. In college, he played for the Michigan Wolverines football team and was a member of the 1997 squad that won a national championship. Ray played professionally in the National Football League (NFL) for the Oakland Raiders and for the Scottish Claymores of NFL Europe. He has since coached football at the high school and college levels.

neg: Ben McAdoo Benjamin Lee "Ben" McAdoo (born July 9, 1977) is an American football coach who is the head coach of the New York Giants of the National Football League (NFL).

neg: Frank McAvennie Francis McAvennie (born 22 November 1959) is a Scottish former footballer, who played as a striker for West Ham United and Celtic, having had two spells with each of these clubs. With Celtic he won the Scottish Premier Division in 1987–88 and the Scottish Cup in 1988. He was capped five times at senior level for Scotland during the 1980s, scoring one goal.

neg: Jimmy Keaveney James Keaveney (born 12 February 1945) is an Irish retired Gaelic footballer. His league and championship career with the Dublin senior team spanned sixteen seasons from 1964 to 1980. Keaveney is widely regarded as one of Dublin's greatest-ever players.

neg: Sergio McClain Sergio McClain (born November 2, 1978) is a former professional basketball player and NJCAA coach. He was the 1997 winner of the prestigious Illinois Mr. Basketball award. Currently he is coaching basketball at Dade Christian School in Miami.

neg: Marty McSorley Martin James McSorley (born May 18, 1963) is a Canadian retired professional hockey player, who played in the National Hockey League from 1983 until 2000. A versatile player, he was able to play both the forward and defense positions.

neg: Des Benson Des Benson (November 1921 – January 2007) was a Gaelic football player for Cavan.

neg: Des Warman Desmond Warman is a former football (soccer) player who represented New Zealand at international level.


query: Who was born first, Sigmund Freud or Paul Éluard?

pos: Sigmund Freud Sigmund Freud ( ; ] ; born Sigismund Schlomo Freud; 6 May 1856 – 23 September 1939) was an Austrian neurologist and the founder of psychoanalysis, a clinical method for treating psychopathology through dialogue between a patient and a psychoanalyst. Freud was born to Galician Jewish parents in the Moravian town of Freiberg, in the Austrian Empire. He qualified as a doctor of medicine in 1881 at the University of Vienna. Upon completing his habilitation in 1885, he was appointed a docent in neuropathology and became an affiliated professor in 1902. Freud lived and worked in Vienna, having set up his clinical practice there in 1886. In 1938 Freud left Austria to escape the Nazis. He died in exile in the United Kingdom in 1939.

pos: Paul Éluard Paul Éluard (] ), born Eugène Émile Paul Grindel (] ; 14 December 1895 – 18 November 1952), was a French poet and one of the founders of the surrealist movement.

neg: André Bourguignon André Bourguignon (8 August 1920 – 9 April 1996) was a French psychiatrist and psychoanalyst, born in Paris.

neg: Paul-Émile Borduas Paul-Émile Borduas (November 1, 1905 – February 22, 1960) was a Québec painter known for his abstract paintings. He was the leader of the avant-garde Automatiste movement and the chief author of the Refus Global manifesto of 1948. Borduas had a profound impact on the development of the arts and of thought, both in the province of Quebec and in Canada.

neg: Jacques-Alain Miller Jacques-Alain Miller (] ; born 14 February 1944) is a psychoanalyst and writer. He is one of the founder members of the École de la Cause freudienne (School of the Freudian Cause) and the World Association of Psychoanalysis which he presided from 1992 to 2002. He is the sole editor of the books of The Seminars of Jacques Lacan.

neg: Amalia Freud Amalia Nathansohn Freud (18 August 1835 – 12 September 1930) was the third wife of Jacob Freud and mother of Sigmund Freud. She was born Amalia Nathansohn in Brody, Kingdom of Galicia and Lodomeria and grew up in Odessa, Kherson Governorate where her mother was from (both cities located in modern Ukraine since 1939).

neg: Franz Alexander Franz Gabriel Alexander, in Hungarian "Alexander Ferenc Gábor", was born in Budapest in 1891, his father was Bernhard Alexander, a philosopher and literary critic, his nephew was Alfréd Rényi, a Hungarian mathematician who made contributions in combinatorics, graph theory, number theory but mostly in probability theory. Alexander studied in Berlin; there he was part of an influential group of German analysts mentored by Karl Abraham, including Karen Horney and Helene Deutsch, and gathered around the Berlin Psychoanalytic Institute. 'In the early 1920s, Oliver Freud was in analysis with Franz Alexander' there — Sigmund Freud's son — while 'Charles Odier, one of the first among French psychoanalysts, was analysed in Berlin by Franz Alexander' as well.

neg: Paul Ulrich Villard Paul Ulrich Villard (28 September 1860 – 13 January 1934) was a French chemist and physicist. He discovered gamma rays in 1900 while studying the radiation emanating from radium.

neg: Jean Paulhan Jean Paulhan (2 December 1884 – 9 October 1968) was a French writer, literary critic and publisher, director of the literary magazine "Nouvelle Revue Française" (NRF) from 1925 to 1940 and from 1946 to 1968. He was a member (Seat 6, 1963–68) of the Académie française. He was born in Nîmes (Gard) and died in Paris. Paulhan's father was the philosopher Frédéric Paulhan and his mother was Jeanne Thérond. From 1908 to 1910 he worked as a teacher in Madagascar, and he later translated Malagasy poems, or Hainteny, into French;

neg: Samuel Widmer Samuel Widmer (24 December 1948 – 18 January 2017) was a controversial Swiss physician, psychiatrist, psychotherapist and author, who used psycholytic substances in therapy and harbored liberal opinions about polygamy and other forms of free love.

neg: Paul Delouvrier Paul Delouvrier (25 June 1914 – 16 January 1995) was a French politician who was awarded the Erasmus Prize in 1985. He was born in Remiremont, Vosges and died in Provins.

neg: Freud, Biologist of the Mind Freud, Biologist of the Mind: Beyond the Psychoanalytic Legend is a 1979 work about Sigmund Freud by the psychologist Frank Sulloway. The work, which was partly inspired by the historian Henri Ellenberger's "The Discovery of the Unconscious" (1970), received praise, and has been credited with helping to establish the impact of biological thinking on Freud, and with being the key work that discredited psychoanalysis as science, but has also been criticized on various grounds.

neg: Angelo Hesnard Angelo Louis Marie Hesnard (or Angel Marie Louis Hesnard; 22 May 1886, Pontivy – 17 April 1969, Rochefort) was a French born psychiatrist and psychoanalyst, and was an important figure in 1930s French sexology.

neg: Georges Clemenceau Georges Benjamin Clemenceau (] ; 28 September 1841 – 24 November 1929) was a French politician, physician, and journalist who was Prime Minister of France during the First World War. A leader of the Radical Party, he played a central role in the politics of the French Third Republic.

neg: Jean Laplanche Jean Laplanche (] ; 21 June 1924 – 6 May 2012) was a French author, psychoanalyst and winemaker. Laplanche is best known for his work on psychosexual development and Sigmund Freud's seduction theory, and wrote more than a dozen books on psychoanalytic theory. The journal "Radical Philosophy" described him as "the most original and philosophically informed psychoanalytic theorist of his day."

neg: The Ego and the Id The Ego and the Id (German: "Das Ich und das Es" ) is a prominent paper by the psychoanalyst Sigmund Freud. It is an analytical study of the human psyche outlining his theories of the psychodynamics of the id, ego and super-ego, which is of fundamental importance in the development of psychoanalysis. The study was conducted over years of meticulous research and was first published in 1923.

neg: Sydney Allard Sydney Herbert Allard (19 June 1910 – 12 April 1966) was the founder of the Allard car company and a successful racing motorist in cars of his own manufacture.

neg: The History of the Psychoanalytic Movement The History of the Psychoanalytic Movement (German: "Zur Geschichte der psychoanalytischen Bewegung" ) is a work published by Sigmund Freud in 1914.

neg: Paul-Louis Couchoud Paul-Louis Couchoud (] ), was born on July 6, 1879, at Vienne, Isère and died there on April 8, 1959. He was a French philosopher, a graduate from the prestigious École Normale Supérieure in Paris, a physician, a man of letters, and a poet. He became well known as an adapter of Japanese haiku into French, an editor of Reviews, a translator, and a writer promoting the German thesis of the non-historicity of Jesus Christ.

neg: Serge Stauffer Serge Stauffer (born Werner Oscar Stauffer, 8 June 1929 – 17 September 1989) was a Swiss artist and art educator. He was one of the co-founders of the F+F Schule für experimentelle Gestaltung in Zurich and known for his German translations of the works of Marcel Duchamp. Stauffer can be considered to have pioneered art as research.

neg: Paul Enck Paul Enck (* 13. September 1949) is Professor of Medical Psychology and Head of Research at the Department of Psychosomatic Medicine and Psychotherapy, University Hospital Tübingen, Germany. His research focus is psychophysiology and neurogastroenterology (i.e. stress research, pain research, biofeedback applications, cortical imaging, eating disorders, functional gastrointestinal disorders and placebo research).

neg: Leopold Freund Leopold Freund (April 5, 1868 – January 7, 1943) was an Austrian-Jewish radiologist, considered the founder of medical radiology and radiotherapy.


query: the record label that released  the song "Cold Turkey" was founded by which English band ?

pos: Cold Turkey "Cold Turkey" is a song written by John Lennon, released as a single in 1969 by the Plastic Ono Band on Apple Records, catalogue Apples 1001 in the United Kingdom, Apple 1813 in the United States. It is the second solo single issued by Lennon, and it peaked at number 30 on the "Billboard" Hot 100 and number 14 on the UK Singles Chart. The song's first appearance on an album was "Live Peace in Toronto 1969" where the song had been performed live on 13 September 1969 with Lennon reading the lyrics off a clip-board.

pos: Apple Records Apple Records is a record label founded by the Beatles in 1968, as a division of Apple Corps Ltd. It was initially intended as a creative outlet for the Beatles, both as a group and individually, plus a selection of other artists including Mary Hopkin, James Taylor, Badfinger, and Billy Preston. In practice, by the mid-1970s, the roster had become dominated with releases by the former Beatles as solo artists. Allen Klein managed the label from 1969 to 1973. It was then managed by Neil Aspinall on behalf of the four Beatles and their heirs. He retired in 2007 and was replaced by Jeff Jones.

neg: R.O.C. (band) R.O.C. are a British electronica group, founded in 1983 by Fred Browning and Patrick Nicholson in London, England. Karen Sheridan joined the band in 1993.

neg: The Nashville Teens The Nashville Teens are an English rock band, formed in Surrey in 1962. They are best known for their 1964 hit single "Tobacco Road", a top 10 UK hit and a top 20 hit in the United States.

neg: Fly Records Fly Records is a British independent record label, established in 1970 by the independent music publisher David Platz, and initially managed by Malcolm Jones from the offices of Essex Music in London.

neg: Switchflicker Records Switchflicker Records is an independent British record label based in Manchester, England. The company was established in 2000 by Jayne Compton

neg: Nublu Records Nublu Records is an independent recording company founded by Swedish–Turkish musician, composer, cultural activist and entrepreneur, Ilhan Ersahin, in 2005. It was a natural extension of the "Nublu sound" that developed at the club, Nublu, on New York's Lower East Side, founded by Ersahin in 2002. Capturing the cross-cultural fusion of the times, and embracing the beatnik jazz tradition for which the area has been known since the 1950s, an unofficial family of bands soon congregated around the club, which was known for its freewheeling late night jams. As more and more outfits formed, setting up Nublu Records was a logical progression.

neg: Gallows (band) Gallows are an English hardcore punk band from Watford, Hertfordshire. The band was formed in 2005 after Laurent Barnard's previous band disbanded. Gallows' debut album, "Orchestra of Wolves", was distributed in the United States by Epitaph Records, and they were subsequently signed to Warner Bros. Records for a £1 million album contract and recorded "Grey Britain". The band has been particularly successful in the UK, with three songs charting on the UK Single Charts, and have been featured in magazines such as "Kerrang!", "Alternative Press" and "Rolling Stone".

neg: Stiff Records Stiff Records is a British independent record label formed in London, England, by Dave Robinson and Jake Riviera (real name Andrew Jakeman). Originally active from 1976 to 1986, the label was reactivated in 2007.

neg: Twisted Records (UK) Twisted Records is a UK-based record label specialising in Electronica and psychedelic downtempo music for worldwide release, Film, TV and Web. The label was founded by Simon Posford a.k.a. Hallucinogen and Simon Holtom.

neg: Grinnin' Records Grinnin 'Records is a British independent record label, founded by Andrew Kwame Asamoah, former A&R Manager at RCA Records, Sony Music. In addition to the label, Grinnin' Records works in partnership with Vocal Management company. Both are primarily focused on urban music genres.

neg: Henry Cow Henry Cow were an English avant-rock group, founded at Cambridge University in 1968 by multi-instrumentalists Fred Frith and Tim Hodgkinson. Henry Cow's personnel fluctuated over their decade together, but drummer Chris Cutler and bassoonist/oboist Lindsay Cooper were important long-term members alongside Frith and Hodgkinson.

neg: Blue Dog Records Blue Dog Records was an independent London record label located in offices above the original Barfly Club (The Falcon, Camden). Started in 1997 by Nick Moore and Jeremy Ledlin it was licensed and distributed by Richard Branson’s V2 Records, and had a mostly guitar band roster of artists including The Crocketts, Daytona, Contempo, Murry the Hump, Sona Fariq and Super J Lounge.

neg: Nothing Records Nothing Records was an American record label specializing in industrial rock and electronic music, founded by John Malm Jr. and Trent Reznor in 1992. It is considered an example of a vanity label, where an artist is able to run a label with some degree of independence from within a larger parent company—in this case, Interscope Records was the parent company.

neg: 3 Beat Records 3 Beat Productions is a British independent record label which was founded by Jon Barlow in 1989.

neg: Future Records (UK label) Future Records was a music imprint, based in London, United Kingdom. It was founded in 2009 The label was closed in 2012.

neg: Neat Records Neat Records was a record label based near Newcastle, England. The label was established in 1979 by David Wood, who was the owner of Impulse Studios in Wallsend, Tyne and Wear, England. A key figure in the establishment of the label was Steve Thompson. Thompson was house producer at Impulse at the time and helped set up Neat, became the A&R manager and produced all the initial recordings, as well as managing the publishing arm, Neat Music. The label was sold in 1995 by its then owner, the former Tygers of Pan Tang vocalist Jess Cox, to Sanctuary Records.

neg: Deconstruction Records Deconstruction Records is a British record label founded in 1987 by Pete Hadfield and Keith Blackhurst, together with Mike Pickering of M People. According to "DJ Magazine" it is "best remembered for marrying underground credibility and diversity with an open-minded attitude towards pop".

neg: Damaged Goods (record label) Damaged Goods is a British independent record label.

neg: Integrity Records Integrity Records is an independent record label based in Bedford, England. The label was founded in the early 1990s and specialised in discovering new bands in the rock/indie/punk genres.

neg: Big Bear Records Big Bear Records is a British record label set up in 1968 by Jim Simpson in Birmingham, England. It specializes in blues and jazz recordings.

neg: Proper Records Proper Records is an English record label founded by Malcolm Mills. Commencing with a handful of releases, including the Balham Alligators and Chilli Willi and the Red Hot Peppers, the label grew in stature and renown through its reissue marque, 'Proper Box'. Featuring jazz, country, and rock and roll artists, these releases now total nearly 150.


query: What kingdom was established after the battle that led to the separation of Dumnonia from Wales?

pos: Hwicce Hwicce (Old English: /ʍi:kt͡ʃe/ (hw-eek-chay) was a tribal kingdom in Anglo-Saxon England. According to the "Anglo-Saxon Chronicle", the kingdom was established in 577, after the Battle of Deorham. After 628, the kingdom became a client or sub-kingdom of Mercia as a result of the Battle of Cirencester.

pos: Battle of Deorham The Battle of Deorham (or Dyrham) was a decisive military encounter between the West Saxons and the Britons of the West Country in 577. The battle, which was a major victory for the Wessex forces led by Ceawlin and his son, Cuthwine, resulted in the capture of the Brythonic cities of Glevum (Gloucester), Corinium Dobunnorum (Cirencester) and Aquae Sulis (Bath). It also led to the permanent cultural and ethnic separation of Dumnonia (Devon and Cornwall) from Wales.

neg: Tewdrig Tewdrig ap Teithfallt (] ; Latin: "Theodoricus" ), known simply as Tewdrig, was a king of the post-Roman Kingdom of Glywysing. He abdicated in favour of his son Meurig (Maurice) and retired to live a hermitical life, but was recalled to lead his son's army against an intruding Saxon force. He won the battle, but was mortally wounded.

neg: Battle of Degsastan The Battle of Degsastan was fought around 603 between king Æthelfrith of Bernicia and the Gaels under Áedán mac Gabráin, king of Dál Riada. Æthelfrith's smaller army won a decisive victory, although his brother Theodbald was killed. Very little further is known about the battle. The location of the nominal Dagsastan is not known, either; Dawstane in Liddesdale, Scotland, is a possibility.

neg: Wales in the Roman era The history of Wales in the Roman era began in 48 AD with a military invasion by the imperial governor of Roman Britain. The conquest would be completed by 78, and Roman rule would endure until the region was abandoned in AD 383. Once the conquest was complete, the region and the people living there would be a virtually anonymous part of Roman Britain until the Roman departure.

neg: Battle of Quilon The Battle of Quilon (or Battle of Kollam) was fought on the 15January 1809 at Cantonment Maidan in Quilon, an important port city and business hub on the south west coat of India. The conflict involved troops of the Indian kingdom of Travancore, led by the then Dewan (prime minister) of Travancore, Velu Thampi Dalawa, and a detachment of the British East India Company under Colonel Chalmers. The battle lasted for only six hours and is closely associated with the social and political history of Kerala.

neg: Kingdom of Thessalonica The Kingdom of Thessalonica was a short-lived Crusader State founded after the Fourth Crusade over conquered Byzantine lands in Macedonia and Thessaly.

neg: House of Wessex The House of Wessex, also known as the House of Cerdic ("Cerdicingas" in Old English), refers to the family that initially ruled a kingdom in southwest England known as Wessex, from the 6th century under Cerdic of Wessex until the unification of the Kingdoms of England by Alfred the Great and his successors (Though Alfred's grandfather Egbert was the one to start consolidating West saxon domination). Alfred and his successors would also be part of this dynasty, which would continue ruling in the main line all the way until Alfred's descendant, Ethelred the Unready, whose reign in the late 10th century and early 11th century saw a brief period of Danish occupation and following his and his son Edmund Ironside's death, kingship by the Danish Cnut the Great and his successors to 1042. The House of Wessex then briefly regained its power for 24 years, but after the deposition of its last scion, Ethelred's great-grandson Edgar Atheling would fade into the annals of history after the death of Edgar Atheling in 1125.

neg: Battle of Raphia The Battle of Raphia, also known as the Battle of Gaza , was a battle fought on 22 June 217 BC near modern Rafah between the forces of Ptolemy IV Philopator, king and pharaoh of Ptolemaic Egypt and Antiochus III the Great of the Seleucid Empire during the Syrian Wars. It was one of the largest battles of the Hellenistic kingdoms and was one of the largest battles of the ancient world. The battle was waged to determine the sovereignty of Coele Syria.

neg: Rhys ap Tewdwr Rhys ap Tewdwr (before 1065 – 1093) was a king of Deheubarth in Wales and member of the Dinefwr dynasty, a branch descended from Rhodri the Great. He was born in the area which is now Carmarthenshire and died at the battle of Brecon in April 1093.

neg: Hasmonean dynasty The Hasmonean dynasty ( ; Hebrew: חשמונאים  , "Ḥashmona'im") was the ruling dynasty of Judea and surrounding regions during classical antiquity. Between c. 140 and c. 116 BCE the dynasty ruled semi-autonomously from the Seleucids in the region of Judea. From 110 BCE, with the Seleucid empire disintegrating, the dynasty became fully independent, expanded into the neighbouring regions of Samaria, Galilee, Iturea, Perea, and Idumea, and took the title "basileus". Some modern scholars refer to this period as an independent kingdom of Israel.

neg: Castell Du Castell Du (), also known as Sennybridge Castle or Castell Rhyd-y-Briw, is located approximately eight miles west of Brecon in Powys, Wales, and is believed to be the work of Llywelyn ap Gruffudd, Prince of Wales. Its history is largely obscure, but a reference to a castle at Rhyd-y-Briw in a document of 1271 is believed to refer to the fortification, and it is not unreasonable to assume that work commenced on it during Llywelyn's triumphal years in the 1260s. Its life would seem to have been short, as there is no further reference to it in thirteenth-century documents, and it seems likely that it was captured by the forces of Edward I of England during the war of 1276–7 and subsequently abandoned. Much of the site remains to be excavated; the remains of a D-shaped tower are visible, and two other towers may lie under pill-boxes erected during the Second World War.

neg: Mynyddog Mwynfawr Mynyddog Mwynfawr (variant orthographies include: Old Welsh "Mynydawc Mwynvawr"; Middle Welsh; "Mynyddawg Mwynfawr") was, according to Welsh tradition founded on the early Welsh language poem "Y Gododdin" (attributed to Aneirin), a Brittonic ruler of the kingdom of Gododdin in the Hen Ogledd (southern Scotland).

neg: Battle of Newburn The Battle of Newburn, sometimes known as Newburn Ford, was fought on 28 August 1640 during the Second Bishops' War between a Scottish Covenanter army led by General Alexander Leslie and English forces commanded by Edward, Lord Conway. Conway, heavily outnumbered, was defeated, and the Scots went on to occupy the town of Newcastle, obtaining a stranglehold on London's coal supply. Charles I had no choice but to agree on October 26 to the Treaty of Ripon, under which the Scottish army in northern England would be paid daily expenses, pending a final treaty of peace. To raise the necessary funds Charles had to call the Long Parliament, thus setting in motion a process that would lead to the outbreak of the English Civil War two years later.

neg: Kingdom of Germany The Kingdom of Germany or German Kingdom (Latin: "Regnum Teutonicum" , "Teutonic Kingdom"; German: "Deutsches Reich" ) developed out of the eastern half of the former Carolingian Empire. Like Anglo-Saxon England and medieval France, it began as "a conglomerate, an assemblage of a number of once separate and independent... "gentes" [peoples] and "regna" [kingdoms]." East Francia ("Ostfrankenreich") was formed by the Treaty of Verdun in 843, and was ruled by the Carolingian dynasty until 911, after which the kingship was elective. The initial electors were the rulers of the stem duchies, who generally chose one of their own. After 962, when Otto I was crowned emperor, the kingdom formed the bulk of the Holy Roman Empire, which also included Italy (after 951), Bohemia (after 1004) and Burgundy (after 1032).

neg: Battle of the Hydaspes The Battle of the Hydaspes was fought in 326 BC between Alexander the Great and King Porus of the Paurava kingdom on the banks of the river Jhelum (known to the Greeks as Hydaspes) in what is now the Punjab province of Pakistan. The battle resulted in a complete Greek victory and the annexation of the Punjab, which lay beyond the far easternmost confines of the already absorbed Persian empire, into the Macedonian Empire.

neg: History of Gwynedd during the High Middle Ages The history of Gwynedd in the High Middle Ages is a period in the History of Wales spanning the 11th through the 13th centuries. Gwynedd, located in the north of Wales, eventually became the most dominant of Welsh principalities during this period. Distinctive achievements in Gwynedd include further development of Medieval Welsh literature, particularly poets known as the "Beirdd y Tywysogion" (Welsh for "Poets of the Princes") associated with the court of Gwynedd; the reformation of bardic schools; and the continued development of "Cyfraith Hywel" ("The Law of Hywel", or "Welsh law"). All three of these further contributed to the development of a Welsh national identity in the face of Anglo-Norman .

neg: Judea Judea or Judæa ( ; from Hebrew: יהודה  , "Yəhuda", "Yəhûḏāh", Greek: Ἰουδαία , ; Latin: "Iūdaea" , Arabic: يهودا  , "Yahudia") is the ancient Hebrew and Israelite biblical, the exonymic Roman/English, and the modern-day name of the mountainous southern part of Canaan-Israel. The name originates from the Hebrew name "Yehudah", a son of the Jewish patriarch Jacob/Israel, and Yehudah's progeny forming the biblical Israelite tribe of Judah (Yehudah) and later the associated Kingdom of Judah, which the 1906 Jewish Encyclopedia dates from 934 until 586 BCE. The name of the region continued to be incorporated through the Babylonian conquest, Persian, Hellenistic, and Roman periods as Yehud, Yehud Medinata, Hasmonean Judea, and consequently Herodian Judea and Roman Judea, respectively.

neg: Battle of Issus The Battle of Issus occurred in southern Anatolia, on November 5, 333 BC between the Hellenic League led by Alexander the Great and the Achaemenid Empire, led by Darius III, in the second great battle of Alexander's conquest of Asia. The invading Macedonian troops defeated Persia. After the Hellenic League soundly defeated the Persian satraps of Asia Minor (led by Greek mercenary Memnon of Rhodes) at the Battle of the Granicus, Darius took personal command of his army. He gathered reinforcements and led his men in a surprise march behind the Hellenic advance to cut their line of supply. This forced Alexander to countermarch, setting the stage for the battle near the mouth of the Pinarus River and the town of Issus.

neg: Battle, Powys Battle (Welsh: "Y Batel") is a village in the community of Ysgir, Powys, Wales, which is 36 miles (57 km) from Cardiff and 145 miles (234 km) from London. The Battle standing stone is an impressive Bronze Age monument and is 3.96m in height.

neg: Kingdom of Alba The Kingdom of Alba refers to the Kingdom of Scotland between the deaths of Donald II (Domnall mac Causantin) in 900 and of Alexander III in 1286, which then led indirectly to the Scottish Wars of Independence. The name is one of convenience, as throughout this period the elite and populace of the Kingdom were predominantly Pictish-Gaels or later Pictish-Gaels and Scoto-Norman, and differs markedly from the period of the Stuarts, in which the elite of the kingdom were (for the most part) speakers of Middle English, which later evolved and came to be called Lowland Scots.

neg: Maredudd ab Owain Maredudd ab Owain (died c. 999 ) was a 10th-century king in Wales of the High Middle Ages. A member of the House of Dinefwr, his patrimony was the kingdom of Deheubarth comprising the southern realms of Dyfed, Ceredigion, and Brycheiniog. Upon the death of his father King Owain around AD 988, he also inherited the kingdoms of Gwynedd and Powys, which he had conquered for his father. He was counted among the Kings of the Britons by the Chronicle of the Princes.


query: What year was the American actor and screenwriter, who worked with Mark Fauser on "The Right to Remain Silent," born?

pos: The Right to Remain Silent The Right to Remain Silent is a play by Mark Fauser and Brent Briscoe that was adapted for a television film in 1996 starring Robert Loggia and Lea Thompson.

pos: Brent Briscoe Brent Briscoe (born May 21, 1961) is an American actor and screenwriter.

neg: Dustin Schuetter Dustin Schuetter (born May 14, 1984) is an American actor, producer, director and screenwriter.

neg: Jon Seda Jonathan "Jon" Seda (born October 14, 1970) is an American actor, known for his role as Det. Paul Falsone on NBC's "".

neg: Mark Linn-Baker Mark Linn-Baker (born June 17, 1954) is an American actor and director who played Benjy Stone in the film "My Favorite Year" and Larry Appleton in the television sitcom "Perfect Strangers".

neg: Peter Paige Peter Paige (born June 20, 1969) is an American actor, director and screenwriter. His debut as director and writer was on the film "Say Uncle".

neg: Leigh McCloskey Leigh Joseph McCloskey (born June 21, 1955) is an American actor, artist and writer. As an actor, he has appeared in numerous television series and movies, including a 46-episode stint as Mitch Cooper on the popular American soap opera "Dallas", and a leading role in the Dario Argento-helmed supernatural horror film "Inferno".

neg: Mark Lambert (American actor) Mark Lambert (born 1951/1952) is an American actor and singer.

neg: Craig Chester Craig Chester (born November 8, 1965) is an American actor, writer, and screenwriter.

neg: John Friedrich (actor) John Friedrich (born March 15, 1958) is an American film actor.

neg: Jeff McCarthy Jeff McCarthy (born October 16, 1954) is an American actor.

neg: Gary Weeks Gary Weeks (born June 4, 1972) is a German-born, American film and television actor; he is also a film producer and screenwriter.

neg: Daniel Zelman Daniel Luke Zelman (born June 16, 1967) is an American actor, screenwriter, television producer, and director.

neg: Steve Bannos Steve Bannos (born August 5, 1960) is an American television and film actor, writer and photo dealer. As an actor, he is best known for his cameos in Judd Apatow and Paul Feig films, and for his portrayal of Frank Kowchevski on the short-lived NBC dramedy "Freaks and Geeks".

neg: Charles Baker (actor) Charles Edward Baker (born February 27, 1971) is an American actor, writer, and director. He is known for playing Skinny Pete on the AMC series "Breaking Bad", and currently has a recurring role on the NBC series "The Blacklist".

neg: Mark Fish (writer) Mark Fish is an American television producer and writer and actor.

neg: Tom Troupe Tom Troupe (born July 15, 1928) is an American actor and writer.

neg: Matthew Cowles Matthew Cowles (September 28, 1944 – May 22, 2014) was an American actor and playwright.

neg: Carl Harbaugh Carl Harbaugh (November 10, 1886 – February 26, 1960) was an American film actor, screenwriter and director. He appeared in 59 films between 1912 and 1957. He wrote for a further 46 films and directed 25. He was born in Washington, D.C., and died in Hollywood, California.

neg: Robert Colbert Robert Colbert (born June 26, 1931, in Long Beach, California) is an American actor most noted for his leading role portraying Dr. Doug Phillips on the ABC television series "The Time Tunnel" and his two appearances as Brent Maverick, a third Maverick brother in the ABC/Warner Brothers western, "Maverick" starring James Garner, Jack Kelly and Roger Moore.

neg: Paul Rugg Paul Kevin Rugg (born October 21, 1960) is an American screenwriter, producer, voice actor, and puppeteer.

neg: Edward Roseman Edward Roseman (May 14, 1875 – September 16, 1957), sometimes identified as Edward F. Roseman, was an American actor, who worked primarily during the silent film era.