query: What mode of transport is manufactured by the North Lincolnshire manufacturer located in Brigg, which is owned by the Tandem Group, and which now produces the Claud Butler brand, named after a dealer who owned retail shops in London and the Midlands?

pos: Claud Butler Claud Butler (14 July 1903 – 2 November 1978) was a London-based bicycle dealer and frame-builder, who from 1928 created a chain of bicycle-retail shops in London and the Midlands. His company was one of the most successful of the inter-war era but failed after World War II and the resultant boom in motor buses and motor cars. The Claud Butler brand was bought from the receivers by other companies, and they are now produced by Falcon Cycles, a division of Tandem Group.

pos: Falcon Cycles Falcon Cycles is a British bicycle manufacturer based in Brigg, North Lincolnshire, owned by Tandem Group.

neg: M6 Toll The M6 Toll, also called the Birmingham North Relief Road (BNRR) and marketed as the M6toll, connects M6 Junction 3a at the Coleshill Interchange to M6 Junction 11A at Wolverhampton with 27 mi of six-lane motorway.

neg: Black Country New Road The Black Country New Road (or Black Country Spine Road) is a major road which runs through the West Midlands of England.

neg: Travel Express Travel Express is a bus company based in Wolverhampton, West Midlands, England.

neg: Leuchters The Leuchters was an English automobile produced in 1898. A motor tricycle similar to the De Dion, it was famously advertised as being "made entirely in Leeds".

neg: Optare Optare () is a British bus manufacturer based in Sherburn-in-Elmet, North Yorkshire. It is a subsidiary of Ashok Leyland, part of the Hinduja Group.

neg: H.R. Owen H.R. Owen is Britain's leading luxury motor dealer, and the world's largest retailer in Rolls-Royce, Bentley, Lamborghini and Bugatti brands. The company is headquartered in London, and operates 14 sales franchises and 17 aftersales franchises.

neg: Virgin Trains ExpressCoach Virgin Trains ExpressCoach (formerly Virgin CoachLink) was a coach brand in England owned by the Virgin Rail Group.

neg: Wright SRM The Wright SRM (Son of RouteMaster) is a twin-axle double-decker bus body manufactured by Wrightbus, designed for the Volvo B5LH and Volvo B5LHC hybrid chassis. The design is based on the New Routemaster, sharing the majority of body panels up to the rear quarter section but having no second staircase or third door. It was designed with provincial bus operators in mind, rather than being exclusively for bus operators in London.

neg: Stagecoach Sheffield Stagecoach Sheffield is a bus operator based in Sheffield, England, a subsidiary of the Stagecoach Group. It was formed from the Sheffield-based operations of the Yorkshire Traction Group, purchased by Stagecoach in 2005. Most bus services in Sheffield are operated by Stagecoach Sheffield or First South Yorkshire.

neg: Local bike shop A local bike shop or local bicycle shop is a small business specializing in bicycle sale, maintenance and parts. The expression distinguishes small bicycle shops from large chains and mail-order or online vendors is abbreviated LBS. In the UK and Ireland, the expression "independent bicycle dealers" (IBDs) is also used.

neg: Notts + Derby Notts+Derby is a bus operator providing services in Nottinghamshire and Derbyshire. It is a subsidiary of the Wellglade Group.

neg: Transport for Greater Manchester Transport for Greater Manchester (TfGM) is the public body responsible for co-ordinating transport services throughout Greater Manchester, in North West England. The organisation traces its origins to the Transport Act 1968, when the SELNEC Passenger Transport Executive was established to co-ordinate public transport in and around Manchester. Between 1974 and 2011, this body was known as the Greater Manchester Passenger Transport Executive (GMPTE), until a reformation of local government arrangements in Greater Manchester granted the body more powers and prompted a corporate rebranding. The strategies and policies of Transport for Greater Manchester are set by the Greater Manchester Combined Authority and its Transport for Greater Manchester Committee.

neg: Mercian Cycles Mercian Cycles is an English custom bicycle manufacturer based in Derby, Derbyshire. Mercian was founded by Tom Crowther and Lou Barker in 1946 and named after the ancient kingdom of Mercia. Early frames built by Mercian were known as "crowbars", a pun on the surnames of Crowther and Barker. Mercian Cycles operates a retail shop in Alvaston.

neg: Raleigh Chopper The Raleigh Chopper is a children's bicycle, a wheelie bike, manufactured and marketed in the 1970s by the Raleigh Bicycle Company of Nottingham, England. Its unique design became a cultural icon and is fondly remembered by many who grew up in that period. The design was influenced by dragsters, motorbikes, beach buggys, and even chariots, as can be seen on the centre page of the 1969 Raleigh US catalog.

neg: Birmingham New Street railway station Birmingham New Street is the largest and busiest of the three main railway stations in the Birmingham City Centre, England. It is a central hub of the British railway system. It is a major destination for Virgin Trains services from , and via the West Coast Main Line, and the national hub of the CrossCountry network – the most extensive in Britain, with long-distance trains serving destinations from to . It is also a major hub for local and suburban services within the West Midlands, including those on the Cross City Line between and and the Chase Line to and .

neg: Fastway (bus rapid transit) Fastway is a bus rapid transit network in Surrey and West Sussex, United Kingdom, linking Crawley with Gatwick Airport and Horley, the first to be constructed outside a major city. It uses specially adapted buses that can either be steered by the driver or operate as "self steering" guided buses along a specially constructed track. Fastway is operated by Metrobus, using Scania OmniCity, Wright StreetLite and Volvo B7RLE / Wright Eclipse 2 buses.

neg: Doncaster North services Doncaster North services is a motorway service station located at junction 5 of the M18 motorway near Doncaster in South Yorkshire, England.

neg: Thurrock services Thurrock services is an motorway service station in Thurrock, Essex. The service area, owned by Moto, is accessible from junction 30 & 31 of the M25 motorway. The services were opened sometime between 1990 and 1992 (sources vary; see references). There are a total of four service areas directly accessible from the London Orbital motorway, the others are Clacket Lane, Cobham and South Mimms.

neg: Associated Motorways Associated Motorways was a consortium of motor coach operators in the south and Midlands of England, which was active from 1934 to 1974.

neg: Lilley & Skinner Lilley & Skinner was a British mid-market shoe brand, manufacturer, retailer and wholesale distributor of their own and others' boots and shoes and associated chain of high street shoe shops. It was also active in wholesale leather distribution.


query: AB Airlines was originally marketed as Air Belfast where aircraft and crew were based at this airport in Northern Ireland formerly known as what?

pos: AB Airlines AB Airlines was an airline with its head office in the Enterprise House on the property of London Stansted Airport in Uttlesford, Essex. AB was one of the first 'low cost airlines' in England, preceding others such as EasyJet, Ryanair, and Go Fly. It was created in 1993 by former Brymon Airways executives. AB Airlines was formerly known as Air Bristol. Initially the airline marketed itself as Air Belfast, reflecting its then principal route between Belfast International Airport and London Stansted. Aircraft and crew were based at Belfast International Airport, London Stansted Airport and Bristol Filton Airport. A base was then opened in 1994 at Shannon Airport to operate flights to London Gatwick Airport. This operation was marketed as AB Shannon.

pos: Belfast International Airport Belfast International Airport (IATA: BFS, ICAO: EGAA) is an airport 11.5 NM northwest of Belfast in Northern Ireland. Formerly known as Aldergrove Airport, after the nearby village of Aldergrove, Belfast International is Northern Ireland's busiest airport and the second busiest airport on the island of Ireland, second only to Dublin Airport. In 2016, over 5.1 million passengers travelled through the airport, marking a 17% increase compared with 2015.

neg: HD Air Ltd HD Air Limited (formerly BAC Express Airlines) was a British cargo airline based in Oxfordshire, United Kingdom. It operates contract services for the Royal Mail and other express courier companies, as well as ad hoc freight charters throughout Europe. The main operating bases are Aberdeen Airport, Coventry Airport, Inverness Airport and Luton Airport.

neg: Belfast–Dublin line The Belfast–Dublin line is a main international railway route on the island of Ireland that connects Dublin Connolly station in the Republic of Ireland and Belfast Central station in Northern Ireland.

neg: Jet2.com Jet2.com Limited is a British low-cost airline based at Leeds Bradford Airport, England. Jet2.com is the fourth largest scheduled airline in the UK. Its main base and headquarters is at Leeds Bradford International Airport, with further bases at Manchester, Belfast International, Edinburgh, Newcastle, East Midlands, Glasgow, Alicante, Birmingham and London Stansted airports. The company holds a United Kingdom Civil Aviation Authority Type A Operating Licence to carry passengers, cargo and mail on aircraft with 20 or more seats.

neg: List of the busiest airports in Ireland This list consists of airports in the Republic of Ireland and Northern Ireland ordered by number of passengers.

neg: Panamá Pacífico International Airport Panama Pacifico International Airport, previously known as Howard Air Force Base (IATA: BLB, ICAO: MPPA) , is an airport and former United States Air Force base located in Panama. Commercial airline service started in 2014, with VivaColombia being the first to begin operations.

neg: ASL Airlines Hungary ASL Airlines Hungary Kft, formerly "Farnair Hungary", is an airline based on the property of Budapest Ferenc Liszt International Airport in Budapest, Hungary. It operates scheduled express cargo services, ad hoc charter services and relief missions. Its main base is Budapest Ferihegy International Airport.

neg: Ad Astral Aviation Ad Astral Aviation is a charter airline and former advanced flight school based at Perth Airport, Western Australia since 1986. The company's name originates from the Latin phrase and common Air Force term 'ad astra' which means "to the stars".

neg: Ein Shemer Airfield Ein Shemer Airport (Hebrew: מנחת עין שמר  ) is an Israeli army airport in northern Israel, located approximately 6 km east of Hadera. Before 1948 it was operated by the British Royal Air Force as RAF Ein Shemer.

neg: Aviast Air Aviast Air Ltd. (Russian: ООО «Авиакомпания «АВИАСТ ЭЙР» ) was a cargo airline based in Moscow, Russia. It operated scheduled and chartered services throughout Russia and the CIS mainly out of Domodedovo International Airport or, to a lesser extent, Yaroslavl Airport. The company was founded in 1992 and liquidated in 2011.

neg: RAF Langford Lodge RAF Langford Lodge is a former Royal Air Force station near Belfast, Northern Ireland. Today the airfield is owned by RLC (UK) a subsidiary of RLC Engineering Group which is headquartered in the Isle of Man. Langford Lodge is located on the eastern shores of Lough Neagh and close to RAF Aldergrove/Belfast International Airport and the former RAF Nutts Corner.

neg: Northeast Airlines (UK) Northeast Airlines (NEA) – formerly BKS Air Transport – was an airline based in the United Kingdom that operated as BKS from 1951 until 1970. NEA's operations and fleet were merged into British Airways in 1976.

neg: Transmeridian Air Cargo Transmeridian Air Cargo (IATA: KK, ICAO: ·, Call sign: Transmeridian) was a British cargo airline that operated from 1962 until 1979 when it merged with IAS Cargo Airlines to form Heavylift Cargo Airlines.

neg: CITI Belfast The CITI was a proposed light-rail system that would have served the under-construction Titanic Quarter and George Best Belfast City Airport in Belfast, Northern Ireland. A report revealed that there were not enough people in the city to justify the project, instead recommending the use of a bus network to save costs.

neg: HMS Belfast Two ships of the Royal Navy have been named HMS "Belfast" after Belfast, the capital city of Northern Ireland:

neg: Meridiana Meridiana S.p.A., operating as Meridiana (formerly named as "Alisarda S.p.A" and "Meridiana fly S.p.A"), is a privately owned Italian airline headquartered in Olbia with its main base at Olbia Costa Smeralda Airport. It operates scheduled and charter flights to domestic, European and intercontinental destinations from several Italian bases. Some of its operations are carried out by its subsidiary Air Italy under the Meridiana brand.

neg: Northern Ireland Association of Aeromodellers The Northern Ireland Association of Aeromodellers (NIAA), is the governing body for all British Model Flying Association (BMFA) affiliated clubs in Northern Ireland. The NIAA committee is elected by, and from representatives of the local Northern Ireland flying clubs, with an aim to promote, protect, organise and encourage model aircraft flying throughout Northern Ireland. Additionally the organisation coordinates local club events and activities, and acts as a contact and representative on their behalf to the BMFA. The NIAA is accredited in these rolls by the Sports Council for Northern Ireland (SCNI), and the BMFA who are delegated by the Royal Aero Club to be responsible for all aspects of model flying in Great Britain. The BMFA is also recognised as the sole representative organisation for the sport in the UK by the Fédération Aéronautique Internationale (FAI) which is the world wide governing body for all forms of sporting aviation, including model flying.

neg: Air Travel Tax The Air Travel Tax was an Irish tax applied to flights departing from airports in Ireland. It was introduced in the 2009 Budget. Until 28 February 2011, there were two rates of tax, €10 for each passenger flying to an airport more than 300 km from Dublin Airport, and €2 per passenger flying to any other airport within 300 km. As the differential rate was considered by the EU to be an interference with the internal market, this was changed to a flat rate of €3 from 1 March 2011. The tax was opposed by airlines and the tourism industry. Transit passengers are excluded.

neg: Abakan-Avia JSC "Abakan-Avia" (Russian: ЗАО «Авиакомпания «Абакан-Авиа» ) was a national airline of Khakassia based in Abakan, Russia. It operated cargo trunk services within Russia and the Commonwealth of Independent States, as well as relief flights for the United Nations. Its main bases were Abakan Airport (ABA) and El Obeid Airport, Sudan.

neg: Norway Airlines Norway Airlines A/S was a Norwegian airline which operated between 1988 and 1992. Focusing on charter, the airline operated two Boeing 737-300 aircraft from 1988 to 1992, after which it operated two McDonnell Douglas MD-80 aircraft, one MD-83 and one MD-87. The airline flew a single scheduled route, between Oslo Airport, Fornebu and London Gatwick Airport, at first on contract with Air Europe and from 1991 at its own expense. At its peak, Norway Airlines had 196 employees. The company struggled financially and lost more than 100 million Norwegian krone (NOK) before terminating operations, having never made a profit.

neg: Libyan Airlines Libyan Airlines (Arabic: الخطوط الجوية الليبية  ; transliterated: al-Khutut al-Jawiyah al-Libiyah), formerly known as "Libyan Arab Airlines" over several decades, is the flag carrier of Libya. Based in Tripoli, it operates scheduled passenger and cargo services within Libya and to Europe, North Africa and the Middle East, the majority of which leave from Tripoli International Airport. Benina International Airport in Benghazi serves as a secondary base. Libyan Airlines also operates Hajj services.


query: What beverage dates back to 5th millienium and has some of the oldest recipes written in Summerian

pos: Brewing methods Beer is produced through steeping a sugar source (commonly malted cereal grains) in water and then fermenting with yeast. Brewing has taken place since around the 6th millennium BC, and archeological evidence suggests that this technique was used in ancient Egypt. Descriptions of various beer recipes can be found in Sumerian writings, some of the oldest known writing of any sort. Brewing is done in a brewery by a brewer, and the brewing industry is part of most western economies.

pos: History of beer Beer is one of the oldest beverages humans have produced, dating back to at least the 5th millennium BC in Iran, and was recorded in the written history of ancient Egypt and Mesopotamia and spread throughout the world.

neg: Ceraon Ceraon (Greek: Κεραων; aka Keraon) in Greek mythology is a demi-god of the meal, specifically the mixing of wine.

neg: Aguamiel Aguamiel ] (literally "agua" "water" "miel" "honey") is the sap of the Mexican maguey plant which is believed to have therapeutic qualities. According to Native American histories, the process of obtaining aquamiel from maguey was first discovered during the reign of Tecpancaltzin (ca. 990–1042) by a Toltec noble named Papantzin, whose daughter Xochitl was sent to the king with an offering of aguamiel. The sap is found in abundance among the agave plants which grow among the ruins of the Teotihuacan civilization. Also called honeywater it has been used in Mexico as a medicine. In its fermented state it has been enjoyed as a beverage for centuries. The particularly viscous beer made from Aguamiel is known as pulque in Mexico. It was available commercially beginning in 1910 and its sale was emphasized only in California prior to late 1928.

neg: Aspergillus oryzae Aspergillus oryzae, known in English as koji (Japanese: 麹 , Hepburn: kōji ) , is a filamentous fungus (a mold) used in Chinese and other East Asian cuisines to ferment soybeans for making soy sauce and fermented bean paste, and also to saccharify rice, other grains, and potatoes in the making of alcoholic beverages such as "huangjiu", "sake", "makgeolli", and "shōchū". The domestication of "A. oryzae" occurred at least 2000 years ago. "A. oryzae" is also used for the production of rice vinegars.

neg: Regional cuisines of medieval Europe The regional cuisines of medieval Europe were the results of differences in climate, seasonal food variations, political administration and religious customs that varied across the continent. Though sweeping generalizations should be avoided, more or less distinct areas where certain foodstuffs dominated can be discerned. In the British Isles, northern France, the Low Countries, the northern German-speaking areas, Scandinavia and the Baltic the climate was generally too harsh for the cultivation of grapes and olives. In the south, wine was the common drink for both rich and poor alike (though the commoner usually had to settle for cheap second pressing wine) while beer was the commoner's drink in the north and wine an expensive import. Citrus fruits (though not the kinds most common today) and pomegranates were common around in the Mediterranean. Dried figs and dates occurred quite frequently in the north, but were used rather sparingly in cooking.

neg: Songhwa milsu Songhwa milsu is a kind of Korean traditional drink made of pine flower pollen (songhwa) and honey. It is said beneficial for relieving thirst caused by the heat of summer. It also made as an effective remedy for relieving respiratory ailments, neuralgia and headaches.

neg: Amurca Amurca is the bitter-tasting, dark-colored, watery sediment that settles out of unfiltered olive oil over time. It is also known as "olive oil lees" in English. Historically, amurca was used for numerous purposes, as first described by Cato the Elder in De Agri Cultura, and later by Pliny the Elder. Cato mentions its uses as a building material (128), pesticide (91, 92, 96, 98), herbicide (91, 129), dietary supplement for oxen (103) and trees (36, 93), food preservative (99, 101), as a maintenance product for leather (97), bronze vessel (98), and vases (100), and as a treatment for firewood in order to avoid smoke (130).

neg: Lohusa Şerbeti Lohusa Şerbeti or Lohusa Sherbet is a traditional beverage in Turkey, made with water, sugar, cinnamon, cloves, and red food colour. It is usually given to women after childbirth, but it is also now shared with visitors and friends as well.

neg: Okolehao Okolehao is an ancient Hawaiian alcoholic spirit whose main ingredient was the root of the ti plant. Okolehao's forerunner was a fermented ti root beverage or beer. When distillation techniques were introduced by English seamen in 1790, it was distilled into a highly alcoholic spirit.

neg: Mithridate Mithridate, also known as mithridatium, mithridatum, or mithridaticum, is a semi-mythical remedy with as many as 65 ingredients, used as an antidote for poisoning, and said to be created by Mithridates VI Eupator of Pontus in the 1st century BC. It was one of the most complex, highly sought-after drugs during the Middle Ages and Renaissance, particularly in Italy and France, where it was in continual use for centuries. An updated recipe called theriac (Theriacum Andromachi) was known well into the 19th century.

neg: Cachaça Cachaça (] ) is a distilled spirit made from fermented sugarcane juice. Also known as "aguardente", "pinga", "caninha" and other names, it is the most popular spirit among distilled alcoholic beverage in Brazil. Outside Brazil, cachaça is used almost exclusively as an ingredient in tropical drinks, with the "caipirinha" being the most famous cocktail.

neg: Libellus De Arte Coquinaria Libellus De Arte Coquinaria ("The Little Book of Culinary Arts") is a culinary manuscript containing thirty-five early Northern European recipes. The Collection is composed of four versions (or pieces) and consists of recipes in Danish, Icelandic, and Low German. Dating from the early thirteenth century, the libellus is considered to be among the oldest of culinary recipe collections. The cookbook exists in a three-part collection consisting of a book of herbs, one of stones, and "Libellus De Arte Coquinaria". The two former are written by Henrik Harpestræng.

neg: Sbiten Sbiten, also sbiten' (Russian: сбитень , also збитень) is a hot winter Russian traditional drink. It has a dark purple appearance and, depending on the recipe, can be very spicy and/or very sweet.

neg: Tapputi Tapputi, also referred to as Tapputi-Belatekallim ("Belatekallim" refers to female overseer of a palace), is considered to be the world’s first chemist, a perfume-maker mentioned in a cuneiform tablet dated around 1200 BC in Babylonian Mesopotamia. She used flowers, oil, and calamus along with cyperus, myrrh, and balsam. She added water or other solvents then distilled and filtered several times. This is also the oldest referenced still.

neg: Tasian culture The Tasian culture is possibly the oldest-known Predynastic culture in Upper Egypt, which evolved around 4500 BC. It is named for the burials found at Deir Tasa, a site on the east bank of the Nile located between Asyut and Akhmim. The Tasian culture group is notable for producing the earliest blacktop-ware, a type of red and brown pottery, which has been painted black on its top and interior. This pottery is vital to the dating of the various predynastic Egyptian civilizations. Since all dates for the Predynastic period are tenuous at best, Flinders Petrie developed a system called Sequence Dating through which the relative date, if not the absolute date, of any given Predynastic site can be ascertained by examining the handles on pottery.

neg: Millet wine Millet wine () is a common wine in East and Southeast Asia. It is also the oldest wine in Taiwan and a traditional beverage of Taiwanese aborigines. It is often used in Harvest festival, as a signal of harvest.

neg: Misu Misu (미수 ) is a beverage made from Korean traditional grain powder, misu-garu (미숫가루 ; "misutgaru"; ""misu" powder") which is a combination of 7-10 different grains. It is usually served in the hot summer days to quench thirst or as an instant nutritious drink for breakfast or as a healthy snack.

neg: Sockerdricka Sockerdricka (Swedish for: "sugar drink") is a soft drink dating from the 19th century. Originally it was brewed and also contained ginger (known as the Boyle component), but nowadays it consists of carbonated water, sugar, citric acid, and flavorants. It is quite similar to Fruktsoda. It is still sold, despite strong competition from more modern inventions such as 7 Up and Sprite. Sockerdricka is a popular base for many cocktails.

neg: Grog Grog is any of a variety of alcoholic beverages. The word originally referred to a drink made with water and rum, which British Vice Admiral Edward Vernon introduced into the naval squadron he commanded in the West Indies on 21 August 1740. Vernon wore a coat of grogram cloth and was nicknamed "Old Grogram" or "Old Grog". Merriam Webster's Collegiate Dictionary, which agrees with this story of the word's origin, states that the word "grog" was first used in this sense in 1770, though other sources cite 1749.

neg: Jenever Jenever (] , ), also known as genièvre, genever, peket, or in the English-speaking world as Dutch gin or Hollands (archaic: Holland gin or Geneva gin), is the juniper-flavored national and traditional liquor of the Netherlands and Belgium, from which gin evolved. Traditional jenever is still very popular in the Netherlands, Belgium and nearby French and German regions. The European Union regulations specify that only liquor made in these two countries, two northern French departments and two German federal states can use the name "jenever/genever/genièvre".

neg: Vinidarius Vinidarius (fl. 5th century AD) was the purported compiler of a small collection of cooking recipes named "Apici excerpta a Vinidario". This preserved in a single 8th‑century uncial manuscript in Latin, claiming to be excerpts from the recipes of Apicius.


query: Which artists are responsible for the sculpture permanently installed northwest of Valentine, Texas and about 26 miles northwest of a city in the high desert of the Trans-Pecos, located between the Davis Mountains and Big Bend National Park?

pos: Prada Marfa Prada Marfa is a permanently installed sculpture by artists Elmgreen and Dragset, situated 2.3 km northwest of Valentine, Texas, just off U.S. Highway 90 (US 90), and about 26 mi northwest of the city of Marfa. The installation was inaugurated on October 1, 2005. The artists called the work a "pop architectural land art project."

pos: Marfa, Texas Marfa is a city in the high desert of the Trans-Pecos in far West Texas, located between the Davis Mountains and Big Bend National Park. It is the county seat of Presidio County, and its population as of the 2010 United States Census was 1,981. The city was founded in the early 1880s as a water stop; the population increased during World War II, but the growth stalled and reversed somewhat during the late 20th century. Today, Marfa is a tourist destination and a major center for Minimalist art. Attractions include Building 98, the Chinati Foundation, artisan shops, historical architecture, a classic Texas town square, modern art installments, art galleries, and the Marfa lights.

neg: Gloria Graham Gloria Graham (born 1940 in Beaumont, Texas) is an American artist based in New Mexico. Her work includes sculpture, painting, and photography.

neg: Franklin Mountains State Park Franklin Mountains State Park is a Texas state park in El Paso, Texas, in the United States. Park headquarters are located at an elevation of 5426 ft with the highest peak reaching 7192 ft . It is the largest urban park in the nation lying completely within city limits, covering 24247.56 acre . Franklin Mountains State Park is open year-round for recreational hiking, mountain biking, picnicking and scenic driving and vistas.

neg: Tonopah Desert The Tonopah Desert is a small desert plains region of the Sonoran Desert, located west of Phoenix, Arizona. It is adjacent north of Interstate 10 and lies at the southwest intersection of the Hassayampa River with the Gila River. The Tonopah Desert is also just north of the Gila Bend Mountains massif which create the Gila Bend of the river.

neg: Carruth Plaza Carruth Plaza is a Western sculpture garden in Houston, Texas. It is part of NRG Park. Completed in 2003, the plaza was named after Allen H. "Buddy" Carruth, former chairman of the Houston Livestock Show and Rodeo.

neg: Confluence Project The Confluence Project is a series of outdoor installations and interpretive artworks located in public parks along the Columbia River and its tributaries in the U.S. states of Washington and Oregon. Each art installation explores the confluence of history, culture and ecology of the Columbia River system. The project draws on the region's history, including Native American traditional stories and entries from the Lewis and Clark Expedition journals, to "evoke a landscape and a way of life submerged in time and memory." The project reaches from the mouth of the Columbia River to Hells Canyon.

neg: César Martínez (artist) César Augusto Martínez (born 1944 in Laredo, Texas) is an artist, prominent in the Chicano world of art. While studying at what was then called Texas A&I College, and later Texas A&I University, he became marginally involved in the Chicano movement for civil rights and became close friends with several of its leaders, among them, Carlos Guerra, a columnist with the San Antonio Express-News. Guerra died in 2010.

neg: Robert Summers (artist) Robert Temple Summers II, is an American artist, (born August 13, 1940) in Cleburne, Texas. Summers, who works as a painter and sculptor, has created prominent bronze works displayed in places such as the Texas Ranger Hall of Fame Museum, the Dallas Pioneer Park the Loews Anatole Hotel, Fair Park, Los Angeles International Airport, and Plano Texas' Baccus Plaza .

neg: Harold Dow Bugbee Harold Dow Bugbee (August 15, 1900 – March 27, 1963) was an American Western artist, illustrator, painter, and curator of the Panhandle-Plains Historical Museum in Canyon, Texas. Bugbee sought with considerable success to become the dominant artist of the Texas South Plains, as his role model, Charles M. Russell of Montana, accordingly sketched life of the northern Great Plains.

neg: Holon (sculpture) Holon, also known as Hōlon, is an outdoor stone sculpture by Donald Wilson, located in the South Park Blocks in Portland, Oregon, United States. It was originally commissioned in 1978–1979 and re-carved in 2003–2004. It is part of the City of Portland and Multnomah County Public Art Collection courtesy of the Regional Arts & Culture Council, which administers the work.

neg: Renne Hughes Renne Hughes (August 18, 1941 – October 30, 1991) born in Lamesa, Texas was an American painter and photographer who became known for his depictions of the American West. Renne won awards and achievements across the U.S. and abroad and in 1978 he was officially awarded the "Texas State Artist" title. By the mid 1980s his fan base and body of work caught the attention of Zsa Zsa Gabor and President Ronald Reagan, who famously acquired his artwork on an issue of the Fort Worth Star-Telegram.

neg: Pete Martinez Pete Martinez (1894–1970) was an American cowboy artist who specialized in drawing, printmaking, and watercolor. He is best known for his illustration and prints of Arizona desert landscapes and images of cowboy life.

neg: Devil's Garden Devils Garden is an area of Arches National Park, located near Moab, Utah, United States, that features a series of rock fins and arches formed by erosion. The Devils Garden Trail, including more primitive sections and spurs, meanders through the area for 7.2 mi . The trailhead leads directly to Landscape Arch after a 0.8 mi outbound hike, while Tunnel Arch and Pine Tree Arch can be seen on spur trails on the way to Landscape Arch. Several other arches, including Partition, Navajo, Double O, and Private Arch, as well as the Dark Angel monolith and Fin Canyon, are accessed via the primitive loop trail and its spurs.

neg: Daniel Parker (artist) Daniel Ray Parker (born November 18, 1959) is an American wildlife sculptor and painter. Parker has won multiple awards for wildlife sculpture at major art shows in the United States. He is a resident of Kalispell, Montana.

neg: Procession (sculpture) Procession, also known as The Procession, is a 1982 mural and sculpture by artists Dallas Cole and Scott Wylie, with additional contributions by Jill Perry and Joanne Haines, installed outside the Hilton Hotel in Eugene, Oregon, in the United States.

neg: Rancho Estelle Rancho Estelle was the home of James Sublett, one of the first large-scale farmers in the Rio Grande valley of Texas, within what is now Big Bend National Park. Prior to founding the ranch, Sublett and his partner, Clyde Buttrill, farmed the bottomlands along the river in the area of what is now known as Castolon or La Harmonia, downstream from the later ranch. After the partnership with Buttrill broke up, Sublett bought four sections of land, initially calling it Grand Canyon Farms, and later Rancho Estelle.

neg: El Capitan (Texas) El Capitan is a peak in Culberson County, Texas, located within Guadalupe Mountains National Park. The 10th highest peak in Texas at 8,085 ft (2464 m), El Capitan is part of the Guadalupe Mountains, an exposed portion of a Permian-era reef uplifted and exposed by tectonic activity during the late Cretaceous period. The southern terminus of the Guadalupe Mountains, El Capitan looms over U.S. 62/180, where its imposing height and stark outline have made it one of the iconic images of the Trans-Pecos to generations of travelers.

neg: We Have Always Been Here We Have Always Been Here is a 2015 public art installation by Greg A. Robinson, installed at Tilikum Crossing in Portland, Oregon, in the United States. The work consists of two traditional Chinook basalt carvings sited at both ends of the bridge, plus a bronze medallion on the northeast side of the bridge.

neg: Edward J. Fraughton Edward J. Fraughton (born March 22, 1939, Park City, Utah), American artist, sculptor and inventor is primarily known for his epic monumental works and individual collector editions that often relate to the history of the American West. Fraughton's stylistic goals follow the American Neo-classic/Beaux-Arts, impressionistic realism traditions of J. Q. A. Ward, Henry Merwin Shrady, James Earle Fraser, Hermon Atkins MacNeil, Daniel Chester French, Augustus Saint Gaudens, Cyrus Dallin, Gutzon and Solon Borglum, and American animaliers Arthur Putnam, Edward Kemeys, Phimister Proctor. A literal sculptor with an academic background in design and human anatomy, Fraughton's versatility covers a broad spectrum of human and animal subjects.

neg: Fernando Padilla, Jr. Fernando Padilla, Jr. (born July 29, 1958) is a Native American artist. His father was full blood San Felipe Pueblo and his mother is Navajo and Apache. Padilla is enrolled with the San Felipe Pueblo and is listed as half San Felipe Pueblo and half Navajo. Padilla was born in Huntington Park, California. He grew up in various places in New Mexico and Arizona due to his father's job with the U.S. Forestry Service. He moved to Oklahoma in 1978 and still lives there to date. Best known for his painting of the Southwestern landscape and Pueblo life, Padilla also creates multi-dimensional artwork, sculpture and jewelry.

neg: Jefferson Davis (Coppini) Jefferson Davis is a statue depicting the American politician of the same name by Pompeo Coppini. The sculpture was installed on the University of Texas at Austin campus' South Mall from 1933 to 2015, then relocated to the Dolph Briscoe Center for American History, as of 2017. The statue was relocated because of student protests.


query: Both The Devil and Daniel Johnston and Anvil! The Story of Anvil are films about what type of people?

pos: The Devil and Daniel Johnston The Devil and Daniel Johnston is a 2005 documentary film about the noted American musician Daniel Johnston. It chronicles Johnston's life from childhood up to the present, with an emphasis on his experiences with bipolar disorder, and how it manifested itself in demonic self-obsession. The film was directed by Jeff Feuerzeig and produced by Henry S. Rosenthal.

pos: Anvil! The Story of Anvil Anvil! The Story of Anvil is a 2008 rockumentary film about the Canadian heavy metal band Anvil. The film is directed by screenwriter Sacha Gervasi, in his directorial debut, and features interviews with other musicians who have been influenced by the band, including Slash, Tom Araya, Lemmy, Scott Ian, and Lars Ulrich.

neg: Jena Malone Jena Malone ( ; born November 21, 1984) is an American actress, musician and photographer. She made her acting debut in the television film "Bastard Out of Carolina" (1996); subsequently, Malone has starred in a number of mainstream and independent films including "Ellen Foster" (1997), "Contact" (1997), "Stepmom" (1998), "Donnie Darko" (2001), "Life as a House" (2001), "" (2003), "Saved!" (2004), "Pride & Prejudice" (2005), "Into the Wild" (2007), "The Ruins" (2008), "Sucker Punch" (2011) and "The Neon Demon" (2016). Furthermore, Malone has portrayed the role of Johanna Mason in "The Hunger Games" film series. She is also an indie pop musician who has released music both under her own name (as "Jena Malone and Her Bloodstains") and as one-half of the duo The Shoe.

neg: Daniel J. Sullivan Daniel J. Sullivan (born June 11, 1940) is an American theatre and film director and playwright.

neg: An Amateur Devil An Amateur Devil is a 1920 American silent comedy film directed by Maurice Campbell and written by Douglas Bronston based upon the short story "Wanted: A Blemish" by Henry J. Buxton and Jessie Henderson. The film stars Bryant Washburn, Charles Wingate, Ann May, Sidney Bracey, Graham Pettie, and Anna Dodge. The film was released on December 19, 1920, by Paramount Pictures. It is not known whether the film currently survives.

neg: Joe Johnston Joseph Eggleston "Joe" Johnston II (born May 13, 1950) is an American film director and former effects artist best known for such effects-driven movies as "Honey, I Shrunk the Kids" (1989), "Jumanji" (1995) and "Jurassic Park III" (2001). These movies include a number of period films such as "The Rocketeer" (1991), "The Wolfman" (2010), and "" (2011). In 1999 Johnston won acclaim for the biographical drama "October Sky".

neg: Daniel Millican Daniel Millican (born June 6, 1965) is an American writer/director in the film industry. His most recent film "The Imposter", starring Kevin Max of dcTalk was released in 2010. His previous movie, "Striking Range", starring Lou Diamond Phillips, was released in 2006 by Sony Pictures. Millican's movies have played all around the world, distributed by companies Curb Entertainment, Artist View Entertainment, Sony Pictures, First Look Media and played on television, both cable and free TV like Lifetime Movie Network and Starz/Encore. Actors like Lou Diamond Phillips, Adam Baldwin, Sean Patrick Flanery, Mimi Rogers, Joey Lauren Adams, Yancy Butler and Tom Wright have starred in Millican's movies.

neg: No Pressure (film) No Pressure is a 2010 short film produced by the global warming mitigation campaign , written by Richard Curtis and Franny Armstrong, and directed by Dougal Wilson. Intended for cinema and television advertisements, "No Pressure" is composed of scenes in which a variety of people in every-day situations are graphically blown to pieces for failing to be sufficiently enthusiastic about the 10:10 campaign to reduce CO emissions. The film's makers said that they viewed "No Pressure" as "a funny and satirical tongue-in-cheek little film in the over-the-top style of Monty Python or South Park". Before its release, "The Guardian" described it as "attention-grabbing" and "pretty edgy."

neg: Speed Devils (film) Speed Devils is a 1935 American film directed by Joseph Henabery, coproduced by Perfect Circle Piston Company and Warner Brothers, and released by Warner Brothers. The film is also known as Thru Traffic.

neg: David Pirie David Pirie is a screenwriter, film producer, film critic, and novelist.

neg: Daniel Iron Daniel Iron is a Canadian film and television producer. After his company Foundry Films was acquired by Blue Ice Group, he became president of production of that company.

neg: Quilp Daniel Quilp is one of the main antagonists in the novel "The Old Curiosity Shop" by Charles Dickens, written in 1840. Quilp is a vicious, ill-tempered and grotesque dwarf and is the villain of the story. Quilp is as near that Dickens ever came to creating a monster. Actors who have portrayed him include Anthony Newley, Patrick Troughton and Toby Jones.

neg: Dick Miller Richard "Dick" Miller (born December 25, 1928) is an American character actor who has appeared in over 100 films, particularly those produced by Roger Corman, and later in films of directors who started their careers with Corman, including James Cameron and Joe Dante, with the distinction of appearing in every film directed by Dante. Miller's main roles have been in films such as "Gremlins", "", "The Explorers", "Piranha", "The Howling", "A Bucket of Blood", "The Little Shop of Horrors", "Chopping Mall", "Night of the Creeps", "The Terminator", "The 'Burbs" and "Small Soldiers".

neg: The Devil's Backbone The Devil's Backbone (Spanish: El espinazo del diablo ) is a 2001 gothic horror film directed by Guillermo del Toro, and written by del Toro, David Muñoz, and Antonio Trashorras. It was independently produced by Pedro Almodóvar, and filmed in Madrid.

neg: The Devil's Eye The Devil's Eye (Swedish: Djävulens öga ) is a 1960 Swedish fantasy-comedy film written and directed by Ingmar Bergman.

neg: Daniel Askill Daniel Askill (born 1977) is an Australian filmmaker and artist who uses film, photographs, video installation and sculpture in his work. He has directed short films, music videos, commercials and fashion films. He is currently based between Sydney and New York.

neg: James Baldwin James Arthur "Jimmy" Baldwin (August 2, 1924 – December 1, 1987) was an American writer and social critic. His essays, as collected in "Notes of a Native Son" (1955), explore palpable yet unspoken intricacies of racial, sexual, and class distinctions in Western societies, most notably in mid-20th-century America. Some of Baldwin's essays are book-length, for instance "The Fire Next Time" (1963), "No Name in the Street" (1972), and "The Devil Finds Work" (1976). An unfinished manuscript, "Remember This House", was expanded upon and adapted for cinema as the Academy Award-nominated documentary film "I Am Not Your Negro".

neg: Satan Never Sleeps Satan Never Sleeps (also known as The Devil Never Sleeps) is a 1962 American film directed by Leo McCarey, his final film, in which he returns to the religious themes of his classics "Going My Way" (1944) and "The Bells of St. Mary's" (1945). It also is the final screen appearance of actor Clifton Webb.

neg: Jonny Lee Miller Jonathan Lee Miller (born 15 November 1972) is an English-American film, television and theatre actor. He achieved early success for his portrayal of Simon "Sick Boy" Williamson in the dark comedy drama film "Trainspotting" (1996) and as Dade Murphy in "Hackers" (1995), before earning further critical recognition for his performances in "Afterglow" (1997), "Mansfield Park" (1999), "The Flying Scotsman" (2006), "Endgame" (2009) and "T2 Trainspotting" (2016); for "The Flying Scotsman" he received a London Film Critics' Circle nomination for Actor of the Year. He was also part of the principal cast in the films "Melinda and Melinda" (2004), "Dark Shadows" (2012) and "Byzantium" (2013). He has appeared in several theatrical productions on Broadway, most notably "After Miss Julie" and "Frankenstein", the latter of which earned him an Olivier Award for Best Actor.

neg: List of frequent David Lynch collaborators David Keith Lynch (born January 20, 1946) is an American filmmaker, television director, visual artist, musician, and occasional actor. Known for his surrealist films, he has developed his own unique cinematic style, known as "Lynchian"; this style is characterized by its dream imagery and meticulous sound design. The surreal and, in many cases, violent elements to his films have been said to "disturb, offend or mystify" their audiences.

neg: It's Spooky It's Spooky is a collaboration album by musicians Daniel Johnston and Jad Fair, of the band Half Japanese. It was first released in 1989 on 50 Skidillion Watts Records, under the title Jad Fair and Daniel Johnston. It was re-issued on CD in 1993 on Paperhouse (PAPCD 019). The album originally featured 25 songs (in its cassette version--fewer songs on the simultaneous LP), and a further six tracks were added for a re-release in 2001. The 2001 re-issue also features, as an enhanced CD bonus, video footage of Daniel Johnston performing a version of his song "Don't Play Cards with Satan".

neg: Daniel and the Devil "Daniel and the Devil" is a 1888 short story by the American journalist and poet Eugene Field. Similar in subject matter and setting to other American "pact with the Devil" or Faust stories, such as "Young Goodman Brown" by Nathaniel Hawthorne and Washington Irving's "The Devil and Tom Walker," Field's story varies significantly in allowing the Faust character (Daniel) to escape from the bargain.


query: Which John Hughes' movie features Aleksander Krupa?

pos: Aleksander Krupa Aleksander Krupa (born 18 March 1947), often credited as Olek Krupa, is a Polish actor, active in film and television roles and best known for playing villains and/or criminals, such as in "Eraser", "Blue Streak" and "Home Alone 3". He also notably portrayed a Serb general engaged in genocide against Bosnian Muslims in 2001's "Behind Enemy Lines" and portrayed Medvedev the then President of Russia in 2010's action thriller film "Salt".

pos: Home Alone 3 Home Alone 3 (stylized as HOME ALONe3) is a 1997 American family comedy film written and produced by John Hughes. It is the third film in the "Home Alone" series and the first not to feature actor Macaulay Culkin and the cast from the previous films (1990, 1992), director Chris Columbus, and composer John Williams. The film is directed by Raja Gosnell (in his directorial debut), who served as the editor of both original films and stars Alex D. Linz as Alex Pruitt, an 8-year-old resourceful boy who is left home alone and has to defend his home from a band of criminals. The film was followed by a made-for-television sequel, "Home Alone 4", in 2002.

neg: The Fall (2008 film) The Fall is a 2008 independent crime film written and directed by John Krueger, starring Benjamin Ciaramello, Scott Kinworthy, and Erica Shaffer.

neg: Geraldine Hughes Geraldine Hughes (born 1970) is an Irish actress. Born in West Belfast, Hughes has appeared in films such as "Duplex", "Rocky Balboa" and "Gran Torino". She also played Mary Todd Lincoln in "Killing Lincoln". More recently, she performed a solo play written by herself, "Belfast Blues."

neg: They Crawl They Crawl is a 2001 American sci-fi horror film directed by John Allardice, and written by Curtis Joseph and David Mason. The film stars Daniel Cosgrove, Tamara Davies, Dennis Boutsikaris and Mickey Rourke. The film is about giant killer cockroaches and was released in Italian television on March 1, 2001. It was subsequently released direct to video in some other countries.

neg: Xtro Xtro is a 1982 British science fiction horror film directed by Harry Bromley Davenport and co-produced by Bob Shaye. Starring Bernice Stegers, Phillip Sayer, and Simon Nash, the film focuses on a father who was abducted by aliens and returns to his family three years later, where his presence affects them negatively. Production of the film started and completed in February 1982.

neg: Murk (film) Murk is a 2005 Danish horror and psychological thriller film. The film was directed by Jannik Johansen, who wrote the screenplay along with Anders Thomas Jensen. The film stars Nikolaj Lie Kaas and Nicolas Bro.

neg: Flesh (1932 film) Flesh is a 1932 American Pre-Code drama film starring Wallace Beery as a German wrestler. Some of the script was written by Moss Hart and an uncredited William Faulkner, and the film was co-produced and directed by John Ford, who removed his director's credit from the picture.

neg: The Man at Midnight (1924 film) The Man at Midnight (German:Der Mann um Mitternacht) is a 1924 German silent film directed by Holger-Madsen and starring Hella Moja, Olaf Fjord and Henrik Malberg.

neg: David Hughes (musician) David Alan Hughes (born 25 April 1960) is an English keyboardist who played in different new wave bands, and later became successful making music for films.

neg: John Kruse John Kruse (1921–2004) was an English film and television screenwriter, director and novelist. He is mostly remembered for his work on ITC classic TV series "The Saint", as well as several films of the franchise, and as the author of the best-selling novel "Red Omega".

neg: John Hughes (lawman) John Reynolds Hughes (February 11, 1855 – June 3, 1947) was a Texas Ranger and cowboy of the Old West, and later an author. Several books were written about his long history as one of the most influential Texas Rangers of all time. It has been suggested he was the inspiration for the Lone Ranger character, since Zane Grey dedicated his most famous book "The Lone Star Ranger" to Hughes in 1915. The ambush of Texas Ranger Captain Frank Jones and Hughes' long hunt for the killers also support this theory. Hughes also told relatives that he believed he was the inspiration for the Lone Ranger character.

neg: The Legend of Sasquatch The Legend of Sasquatch is a 2006 computer-animated independent film released by Gorilla Pictures that stars William Hurt and John Rhys-Davies. It was released on September 12, 2006 and was the first computer-animated film released by Gorilla Pictures.

neg: Kenny Hughes Kenneth Hughes is an actor, dancer, director and writer working in film, TV and stage internationally.

neg: Border Street Border Street (Polish:Ulica Graniczna) is a 1948 Polish drama film directed by Aleksander Ford and starring Mieczysława Ćwiklińska, Jerzy Leszczyński and Władysław Godik. The film depicts the Nazis' purge of Warsaw Jews by following the fates of five families, representative of the various social, political, and ethnic strata in Warsaw, through the war, and culminates in the Warsaw Ghetto Uprising. Ford did not provide viewers a happy ending because he wanted "the viewer who watches it to realize that the issue of fascism and racial oppression is not over." It won the Gran Prix at the 1948 Venice Film Festival.

neg: Mary Beth Hughes Mary Beth Hughes (November 13, 1919 – August 27, 1995) was an American film, television, and stage actress best known for her roles in B movies.

neg: Alfie Darling Alfie Darling is a 1975 British comedy drama film directed by Ken Hughes. It is the sequel to the 1966 film "Alfie", with Alan Price taking over Michael Caine's role of Alfie. Price also penned the movie title song, performed and released as a single by Cilla Black who was also the first to record the title song based on the original movie, penned by Burt Bacharach and Hal David.

neg: Tetro Tetro is a 2009 American-Argentine drama film written, directed and produced by Francis Ford Coppola and starring Vincent Gallo, Alden Ehrenreich and Maribel Verdú. Filming took place in 2008 in Buenos Aires, Patagonia, and Spain. "Tetro" received a limited release in the United States on June 11, 2009.

neg: Prince of Jutland Prince of Jutland, also known as Royal Deceit, is a 1994 drama adventure film co-written and directed by Gabriel Axel and starring Christian Bale, Gabriel Byrne and Helen Mirren. It is an adaptation of the Danish legend of prince Amleth, drawing upon the 12th century works of Saxo Grammaticus, which was also the inspiration for Shakespeare's "Hamlet".

neg: Lloyd Hughes Lloyd Hughes (October 21, 1897 – June 6, 1958) was an American actor of both the silent and sound film eras.

neg: John Hughes (neuroscientist) John Hughes (born January 6, 1942) is a British neuroscientist who shared the 1978 Albert Lasker Award for Basic Medical Research for the discovery of met-enkephalin and leu-enkephalin. This discovery demonstrated that opiate drugs exert their effects on the human brain by mimicking endogenous neurotransmitters, the opioid peptides.

neg: The Ogre (1996 film) The Ogre (German: Der Unhold ) is a 1996 French-German drama film directed by Volker Schlöndorff and starring John Malkovich, Gottfried John, Marianne Sägebrecht, Volker Spengler, Heino Ferch, Dieter Laser and Armin Mueller-Stahl. It was written by Jean-Claude Carrière and Schlöndorff, based on the novel "The Erl-King" by Michel Tournier. The story follows a simple man who recruits children to be Nazis in the belief that he is protecting them.


query: What was the name of the sound effect comedy created by the English radio, stage, television and film writer, comedian, actor, and director whose performing career spanned more than 50 years?

pos: Sound effect comedy During the 1960s a new series of 'sound effect' comedies began with Dick Lester, Spike Milligan and Peter Sellers's "Running Jumping & Standing Still", continued through Eric Sykes's "The Plank", Barbara Windsor's "San Ferry Ann" and included four films with Ronnie Barker: "A Home of Your Own", "Futtock's End", "The Picnic", and "By the Sea".

pos: Eric Sykes Eric Sykes, CBE (4 May 1923 – 4 July 2012) was an English radio, stage, television and film writer, comedian, actor, and director whose performing career spanned more than 50 years. He frequently wrote for and/or performed with many other leading comedy performers and writers of the period, including Tony Hancock, Spike Milligan, Tommy Cooper, Peter Sellers, John Antrobus, and Johnny Speight. Sykes first came to prominence through his many radio credits as a writer and actor in the 1950s, most notably through his collaboration on "The Goon Show" scripts. He became a TV star in his own right in the early 1960s when he appeared with Hattie Jacques in several popular BBC comedy television series.

neg: Comic sound Despite criticisms of being a vulgar form of humour, use of comic sound as a way of causing laughter has become a recognized and commonly used method. These types of sounds are typical of children's cartoons and slapstick comedy.

neg: Prop comedy Prop comedy is a comedy genre in which performers use humorous objects, or conventional objects in humorous ways. The stages and films term "prop", an abbreviation of "property", refers to any object an actor handles in the course of a performance. Though some form of prop comedy has likely existed as long as there have been comedians, the genre reached its zenith in the vaudeville era. The vaudeville team Olsen and Johnson used prop comedy extensively in their long running Broadway revue "Hellzapoppin".

neg: Full English (TV series) Full English is a British animated sitcom created by Jack Williams, Harry Williams and Alex Scarfe for Channel 4. The programme is produced by Two Brothers Pictures. It parodies and satirises various popular entertainment personalities in the United Kingdom.

neg: Quacks (TV series) Quacks, created by James Wood, is a BBC character comedy sitcom about four Victorian era doctors. The series combines satire, absurdist comedy and traditional slapstick, with stories often being based on real history.

neg: John Dowie (humourist) John Dowie (born 1950 in Birmingham) is a British comedian, musician and writer. He began performing stand-up comedy in 1969.

neg: Mike Elliott (comedian) Michael Elliott (17 July 1946 – 23 December 2014), also known as Mike the Mouth, was an English stand-up comedian, actor, television presenter, radio personality and comedian.

neg: Nat Jackley was an English comic actor starring in variety, film and pantomime from the 1920s to the mid-1980s whose trademark rubber-neck dance, skeletal frame and peculiar speech impediment made him a formidable and funny comedian and pantomime dame.

neg: Life with the Lyons Life with the Lyons was a British radio and television domestic sitcom from the 1950s (1950–1961 on radio, 1955–1960 on television).

neg: Oliver Wakefield Oliver Wakefield (born 29 May 1909, Mahlabitini, Zululand, South Africa; d. 30 June 1956, New York, USA), was a popular British actor and comedian active from the 1930s until his death in 1956. Often billed as "The Voice of Inexperience", Wakefield is best known for his idiosyncratic satirical monologues.

neg: Mike Yarwood Michael Edward "Mike" Yarwood, OBE (born 14 June 1941) is an English actor, comedian and impressionist. He was one of Britain's top-rated entertainers, regularly appearing on television from the 1960s to the 1980s.

neg: Comedy of humours The comedy of humours is a genre of dramatic comedy that focuses on a character or range of characters, each of whom exhibits two or more overriding traits or 'humours' that dominates their personality, desires and conduct. This comic technique may be found in Aristophanes, but the English playwrights Ben Jonson and George Chapman popularized the genre in the closing years of the sixteenth century. In the later half of the seventeenth century, it was combined with the comedy of manners in Restoration comedy.

neg: The Mighty Boosh (TV series) The Mighty Boosh is a British comedy television show created by Julian Barratt, Noel Fielding and others (collectively known as The Mighty Boosh).

neg: Eddie Braben Edwin Charles "Eddie" Braben (31 October 1930 – 21 May 2013) was an English comedy writer and performer best known for providing material for Morecambe and Wise. He also worked for David Frost, Ronnie Corbett and Ken Dodd.

neg: Freddie Starr Freddie Starr (born Frederick Leslie Fowell, 9 January 1943) is an English comedian, impressionist, singer and actor. Starr was the lead singer of Merseybeat pop group the Midniters during the early 1960s, and came to prominence in the early 1970s after appearing on "Opportunity Knocks" and the Royal Variety Performance.

neg: Jimmy Jewel James Arthur Thomas Jewel Marsh (4 December 1909 – 3 December 1995), known professionally as Jimmy Jewel, was an English comedian and actor who enjoyed a long career in stage, radio, television and film productions, including a 32-year partnership with his cousin Ben Warriss.

neg: The Mighty Boosh The Mighty Boosh is a British comedy troupe featuring comedians Julian Barratt and Noel Fielding. Developed from three stage shows and a six-episode radio series, it has since spawned a total of 20 television episodes for BBC Three which aired from 2003 to 2007, and two live tours of the UK, as well as two live shows in the United States. The first television series is set in a zoo operated by Bob Fossil, the second in a flat and the third in a second hand shop in Dalston called Nabootique.

neg: Noises Off Noises Off is a 1982 play by the English playwright Michael Frayn. The idea for it came in 1970, when Frayn was watching from the wings a performance of "The Two of Us", a farce that he had written for Lynn Redgrave. He said, "It was funnier from behind than in front, and I thought that one day I must write a farce from behind." The prototype, a short-lived one-act play called "Exits", was written and performed in 1977. At the request of his associate, Michael Codron, Frayn expanded this into what would become "Noises Off". It takes its title from the theatrical stage direction indicating sounds coming from offstage.

neg: The Men from the Ministry The Men from the Ministry is a British radio comedy series broadcast by the BBC between 1962 and 1977, starring Wilfrid Hyde-White, Richard Murdoch and, from 1966, when he replaced Hyde-White, Deryck Guyler. Written and produced by Edward Taylor with contributions from John Graham, and with some early episodes written by Johnnie Mortimer and Brian Cooke, it ran for 14 series, totalling 147 half-hour episodes. A further 14 episodes were made by the BBC Transcription Service in 1980 but never broadcast in the UK, until 2012 on BBC Radio 4 Extra. Versions were made by Yle in Finland, Sveriges Radio (SR) in Sweden, and Springbok Radio in South Africa, where it was made into a feature-length film.

neg: The Adventures of Jane The Adventures of Jane is a 1949 British comedy film directed by Edward G. Whiting. It is the film version of the stage show based on the comic strip 'Jane' originally created by Norman Pett. It was written by Alfred Goulding and Con West. The cast included Chrystabel Leighton-Porter, who played Jane, and Michael Hogarth, who played Tom Hawke. It was filmed in Brighton, East Sussex, England.

neg: Andrew McGibbon Andrew McGibbon (a.k.a. Andrew Paresi; born 1961 in Chiswick), is an English comedian, actor, writer, musician and composer. He has also produced and directed extensively, chiefly for radio.


query: The the protagonist in the first fictional film directed by José Padilha was played by who?

pos: Wagner Moura Wagner Maniçoba de Moura (] ; born 27 June 1976) is a Brazilian film, television and stage actor. Besides being a well-established and acclaimed actor in Brazil, he has achieved widespread international fame for his portrayal of Captain (later Colonel) Roberto Nascimento, protagonist of the highly successful film "Elite Squad" (2007) and its sequel, "" (2010). He also gained recognition globally playing "Spider" in the sci-fi film "Elysium" (2013). He played the lead role of Pablo Escobar in the Netflix series "Narcos" from 2015 to 2016, for which he received a Golden Globe nomination.

pos: Elite Squad Elite Squad (Portuguese: Tropa de Elite , ] lit. ""Elite Troop"") is a 2007 Brazilian crime film directed by José Padilha. The film is a semi-fictional account of the "Batalhão de Operações Policiais Especiais" (BOPE), the Special Police Operations Battalion of the Rio de Janeiro Military Police, analogous to the American SWAT teams. It is the second feature film and first fiction film of Padilha, who had previously directed the documentary "Bus 174". The script was written by Bráulio Mantovani ("City of God") and Padilha, based on the book "Elite da Tropa" by sociologist Luiz Eduardo Soares and two former BOPE captains, André Batista and Rodrigo Pimentel.

neg: Flávia Alessandra Flávia Alessandra Martins da Costa (born 7 June 1974) is a Brazilian actress, best known for roles in both telenovelas, television series and films.

neg: Diego Corrientes (1959 film) Diego Corrientes is a 1959 Spanish historical adventure film directed by Antonio Isasi-Isasmendi and starring José Suarez, Marisa de Leza and Eulália del Pino. It portrays the life of the eighteenth century highwaymen Diego Corrientes Mateos.

neg: Paisa Paisa (2016 film) Paisa Paisa is a fictional film directed by Joji Raechal Job. The film stars Sachit Patil, Rajendra Chawla and Spruha Joshi.

neg: The Crime of Father Amaro The Crime of Father Amaro, sometimes The Crime of Padre Amaro, (Spanish: El crimen del padre Amaro ) is a 2002 Mexican-Spanish film directed by Carlos Carrera. It is very loosely based on the novel "O Crime do Padre Amaro" (1875) by 19th-century Portuguese writer José Maria de Eça de Queiroz. The film starred Gael García Bernal, Ana Claudia Talancón and Sancho Gracia. It premiered on 16 August 2002 in Mexico City.

neg: La India María "La India María" (born María Nicolasa Cruz) is a fictional character portrayed and created by actress María Elena Velasco. The character frequently endures situations of racial discrimination, classism, and corruption, although in all of these turmoils, María undoubtedly resolves them with hilarious acts of good-nature and morality. She has represented the poor indigenous, the migrant worker, and even free-spirited nuns for over 30 years. She has been the lead character in 16 films and in a spin-off television series entitled, "Ay María Qué Puntería". Most recently, the character has appeared in cameo appearances in the television programs "Mujer, casos de la vida real" and "La familia P. Luche".

neg: The Count of Monte Cristo (1954 film) The Count of Monte Cristo (French: "Le Comte de Monte-Cristo" ) is a French drama romance film from 1954, directed by Robert Vernay, written by Georges Neveux, starring Daniel Ivernel and Jean Marais. The scenario was written on a basis of novel of Alexandre Dumas. The film was known under the title "Il tesoro di Montecristo" (Italy).

neg: The Man in the Iron Mask (1998 film) The Man in the Iron Mask is a 1998 American action drama film directed, produced, and written by Randall Wallace, and starring Leonardo DiCaprio in a dual role as the title character and villain, Jeremy Irons as Aramis, John Malkovich as Athos, Gerard Depardieu as Porthos, and Gabriel Byrne as D'Artagnan. The picture uses characters from Alexandre Dumas' D'Artagnan Romances and is very loosely adapted from some plot elements of "The Vicomte de Bragelonne".

neg: Tania Khalill Tania Khalill, stage name of Tânia Calil Padis Campos (born July 8, 1977) is a Brazilian actress.

neg: Sidónio Pais Sidónio Bernardino Cardoso da Silva Pais (] , ; 1 May 1872, in Caminha – 14 December 1918, in Lisbon) was a Portuguese politician, military officer, and diplomat, who served as the fourth President of the First Portuguese Republic in 1918. One of the most divisive figures in modern Portuguese history, he was referred to by the writer Fernando Pessoa as the "President-King", a description that stuck in later years and symbolizes his regime.

neg: Jogo de Damas Jogo de Damas (aka "Game of Checkers") is a 2015 Portuguese drama film directed and written by Patrícia Sequeira and Filipa Leal, and starring , Ana Padrão, , and Rita Blanco. It premiered on the Lisbon & Estoril Film Festival in November 2015 and was released in Portugal on January 28, 2016.

neg: Jango Fett Jango Fett is a fictional character in the "Star Wars" franchise, created by George Lucas. He made his debut in the 2002 film "", where he was portrayed by actor Temuera Morrison.

neg: As Pupilas do Senhor Reitor (film) As Pupilas do Senhor Reitor is a 1935 Portuguese film directed by José Leitão de Barros, starring Joaquim Almada, Maria Matos and António Silva and based on the novel of the same name by Júlio Dinis. It was released on 1 April 1935.

neg: Ribeirinho Ribeirinho, stage name of Francisco Carlos Lopes Ribeiro (Lisbon, 21 September 1911 – Lisbon, 7 February 1984) was a Portuguese actor and director.

neg: Damned – The Strange World of José Mojica Marins Damned – The Strange World of José Mojica Marins (original title: "Maldito - O Estranho Mundo de José Mojica Marins") is a 2001 Brazilian documentary film about the life and works of Brazilian filmmaker, director, screenwriter, film and television actor and media personality José Mojica Marins. The film features Marins (as himself) and his associates and family members recounting episodes of his life and career from childhood to international recognition in later years.

neg: João Villaret João Henrique Pereira Villaret (born 10 May 1913 in Lisbon; died 21 January 1961) was a Portuguese actor.

neg: Forbidden to Forbid Forbidden to Forbid (Portuguese: Proibido Proibir ; Spanish: Prohibido Prohibir ; also known as "É Proibido Proibir") is a 2006 Brazilian-Chilean-Spanish drama film directed by Jorge Durán. It stars Caio Blat, Maria Flor and Alexandre Rodrigues as teenagers in a love triangle.

neg: Vasco Calvo Vasco Calvo is a character discovered by the narrator of Fernão Mendes Pinto's fantastical memoir "Peregrinação" ("Pilgrimage", written in the 1570s, published 1614). A former member of the ill-fated Portuguese embassy of 1517 to Beijing, capital of the Ming Empire, Calvo has since been living in internal exile in one of the capital's suburbs. The narrator meets him in 1544 while performing prison-labour on the nearby Great Wall.

neg: Mario Gallo Mario Gallo (July 31, 1878 - 1945) was an Italian born Argentine film director of the 1900s and 1910s and one of the earliest directors in the Cinema of Argentina. He directed what is nowadays considered the first fiction feature movie, "El Fusilamiento de Dorrego", now lost.

neg: José Bohr José Bohr (3 September 1901 – 29 May 1994) was a Chilean film director, producer, actor and screenwriter. He directed 35 films between 1919 and 1969.

neg: Fantômas se déchaîne Fantômas se déchaîne (] , English: "Fantomas Unleashed" ) is a 1965 film starring Jean Marais as the arch villain with the same name opposite Louis de Funès as the earnest but outclassed commissaire Juve and the journalist Fandor, also played by Marais. It was France's answer, with the Fantômas trilogy starting in 1964, to the James Bond phenomenon that swept the world at around the same time. It is the second in the trilogy of Fantômas films, that became extremely successful in Europe and Soviet Union and found success even in the United States and Japan. In this episode Jean Marais also plays professor Lefebvre.


query: Luigi Lanzi is buried at a church situated on what plaza?

pos: Luigi Lanzi Luigi Lanzi (14 June 1732 – 30 March 1810) was an Italian art historian and archaeologist. When he died he was buried in the church of the Santa Croce at Florence by the side of Michelangelo.

pos: Santa Croce, Florence The Basilica di Santa Croce (Basilica of the Holy Cross) is the principal Franciscan church in Florence, Italy, and a minor basilica of the Roman Catholic Church. It is situated on the Piazza di Santa Croce, about 800 meters south-east of the Duomo. The site, when first chosen, was in marshland outside the city walls. It is the burial place of some of the most illustrious Italians, such as Michelangelo, Galileo, Machiavelli, the poet Foscolo, the philosopher Gentile and the composer Rossini, thus it is known also as the Temple of the Italian Glories ("Tempio dell'Itale Glorie").

neg: Sant'Agnese in Agone Sant'Agnese in Agone (also called Sant'Agnese in Piazza Navona) is a 17th-century Baroque church in Rome, Italy. It faces onto the Piazza Navona, one of the main urban spaces in the historic centre of the city and the site where the Early Christian Saint Agnes was martyred in the ancient Stadium of Domitian. Construction began in 1652 under the architects Girolamo Rainaldi and his son Carlo Rainaldi. After numerous quarrels, the other main architect involved was Francesco Borromini.

neg: Santi Pietro e Paolo a Via Ostiense Santi Pietro e Paolo a Via Ostiense is one of the titular churches in Rome, to which Cardinal-Priests are appointed. It is a modern parish and titular church at Piazzale dei Santi Pietro e Paolo 8 in EUR (Esposizione Universale Roma). It is at the west end of the Viale Europa, the last two blocks of which is a monumental approach reserved for pedestrians and paved with polychrome marble. There are colossal statues of the apostles Peter and Paul near the church.

neg: Piazza del Popolo Piazza del Popolo is a large urban square in Rome. The name in modern Italian literally means "People's Square", but historically it derives from the poplars ("populus" in Latin, "pioppo" in Italian) after which the church of Santa Maria del Popolo, in the northeast corner of the piazza, takes its name.

neg: Church of Sant'Angelo, Perugia The Church of Sant' Angelo is a paleo-Christian temple in the city of Perugia in Umbria. The circular building dates to the 5th to 6th century, and incorporates corinthian capped columns from a prior pagan temple. The church is also known as the Temple of San Michele Arcangelo, since it is dedicated to the Archangel Michael, whose churches were often located in elevated spots. The small round church is also often called a Tempietto, and is located in the neighborhood, Borgo Sant'Angelo near the ancient northern gate (Porta Sant'Angelo) of the city.

neg: Plaza de San Francisco The Plaza de San Francisco (“Saint Francis Square”) is a major public square in the Historic Center of Quito, Ecuador, upon which faces "La Iglesia y Monasterio de San Francisco" (the Church and Convent of St. Francis) from which it takes its name.

neg: Luigi Natoli Luigi Natoli (June 15, 1799 – February 24, 1875) was a Sicilian Roman Catholic priest. He was born in Patti, in north-eastern Sicily. He was ordained on March 2, 1822; was appointed bishop of the Caltagirone on March 15, 1858; and became archbishop of Messina on February 22, 1867. He died on February 24, 1875.

neg: Plaza San Francisco The Plaza San Francisco a major urban plaza in the city of La Paz, Bolivia, and a frequent location for political gatherings and protests. It is located in front of the San Francisco Cathedral (from which it takes its name) as well as the Lanza Market and the headquarters of the La Paz Factory Worker's Departmental Union Federation. The plaza was enlarged to 6,163 square meters in 2011. It was designated the city's Plaza Mayor, although this title had been used in the past for the Plaza Murillo. Together with 1,140 m2 Plaza Fabril constructed at the same time in front of the Factory Worker's Federatio, it constitutes the largest open public space in urban La Paz.

neg: San Pietro, Piacenza San Pietro is a Roman Catholic church in central Piacenza, Emilia Romagna, Italy. The church was built over the site of an ancient church titled "San Pietro in Foro" (St Peter of the Roman Forum).

neg: Church of the Santissima Annunziata in Sturla The church of the Santissima Annunziata in Sturla (Italian: "Chiesa della Santissima Annunziata di Sturla" ) is a Roman Catholic church of the neighbourhood of Sturla, in the city of Genoa, in the Province of Genoa and the region of Liguria, Italy.

neg: San Giorgio, Brescia San Giorgio is a Roman Catholic church located on the Piazza of the same name, just outside Porta Bruciata, in Brescia, region of Lombardy, Italy.

neg: San Michele Arcangelo, Naples San Michele Arcangelo or San Michele a Port'Alba is one of four major churches facing Piazza Dante in Naples, Italy. It stands near Port'Alba, a city gate opening to the piazza.

neg: Italian Church (Bucharest) The Italian Church of the Most Holy Redeemer (Romanian: "Biserica Italiană "Preasfântul Mântuitor"" ) is a Roman Catholic church located in Bucharest, Romania, at 28 Nicolae Bălcescu Blvd., the city's busiest street. The Lombard Romanesque red brick edifice was built between 1915-1916 and consecrated by bishop Raymond Netzhammer in 1916. Owned by the Italian government, it is surrounded by grey concrete apartment blocks. Services are held daily in Romanian at 6 PM, and on Sundays, in Polish at 9 AM, Romanian at 10 AM, Italian at 11 AM.

neg: Basilica of Saint Lawrence outside the Walls The Papal Basilica of Saint Lawrence outside the Walls (Italian: "Basilica Papale di San Lorenzo fuori le Mura" ) is a Roman Catholic Papal minor basilica and parish church, located in Rome, Italy. The Basilica is one of the Seven Pilgrim Churches of Rome and one of the five former "patriarchal basilicas", each of which was assigned to the care of a Latin Church patriarchate. The Basilica was assigned to the Patriarchate of Jerusalem. The Basilica is the shrine of the tomb of its namesake, Saint Lawrence (sometimes spelled "Laurence"), one of the first seven deacons of Rome who was martyred in 258. Many other saints and Bl. Pope Pius IX are also buried at the Basilica, which is the center of a large and ancient burial complex.

neg: Palazzo Pretorio, Palermo The Praetorian Palace (Italian: "Palazzo Pretorio" ), also known as Palace of the Eagles (Italian: "Palazzo delle Aquile" ), is a palace of Palermo. The building has an important role in the political life of the city, since it houses the mayor and the offices of the municipality of Palermo. It is located in the heart of the historic centre, between Via Maqueda, Piazza Pretoria and Piazza Bellini, in the same area of other well-known architectural landmarks like the Fontana Pretoria, the Baroque church of Santa Caterina and the Medieval churches of Martorana and San Cataldo (both of them are World Heritage Sites).

neg: San Micheletto, Lucca San Micheletto is a Baroque- style, now-deconsecrated Roman Catholic church located on a street of the same name in Lucca, region of Tuscany, Italy.

neg: Santi Apostoli, Naples Santi Apostoli is a Baroque-style church in Naples, Italy.

neg: San Romano, Lucca San Romano is a deconsecrated Roman Catholic Church located on Piazza San Romano in the center of Lucca, region of Tuscany, Italy. It stands adjacent to the Ducal Palace of Lucca.

neg: Sant'Alessandro, Brescia Sant'Alessandro is a Baroque style, Roman Catholic parish church located on Via Moretto, 73/A in Brescia, region of Lombardy, Italy.

neg: Santa Maria dell'Orazione e Morte Santa Maria dell'Orazione e Morte ("Saint Mary of the Prayer and Death") is a church in central Rome, Italy. It lies on Via Giulia between the Tiber and the Palazzo Farnese.

neg: Santo Rosario, Comacchio The Chiesa del Santo Rosario or Church of the Rosary is a Baroque-style, Roman Catholic church located in Piazza del Popolo in the city of Comacchio, in the province of Ferrara, region of Emilia-Romagna, Italy.


query: Midnattssol in english is which natural phenomenon that occurs in the summer months in places north of the Arctic Circle or south of the Antarctic Circle?

pos: Midnattssol Midnattssol (French: "Jour polaire" , English: Midnight sun ) is a Swedish-French crime television series from 2016. It started airing on SVT on 23 October 2016.

pos: Midnight sun The midnight sun is a natural phenomenon that occurs in the summer months in places north of the Arctic Circle or south of the Antarctic Circle, when the sun remains visible at the local midnight. Around the summer solstice (approximately 21 June in the Northern Hemisphere and 22 December in the Southern Hemisphere) the sun is visible for the full 24 hours, given fair weather. The number of days per year with potential midnight sun increases the closer towards either pole one goes. Although approximately defined by the polar circles, in practice the midnight sun can be seen as much as 55 miles (90 km) outside the polar circle, as described below, and the exact latitudes of the farthest reaches of midnight sun depend on topography and vary slightly year-to-year.

neg: Ice age An ice age is a period of long-term reduction in the temperature of Earth's surface and atmosphere, resulting in the presence or expansion of continental and polar ice sheets and alpine glaciers. Within a long-term ice age, individual pulses of cold climate are termed "glacial periods" (or alternatively "glacials" or "glaciations" or colloquially as "ice age"), and intermittent warm periods are called "interglacials". In the terminology of glaciology, "ice age" implies the presence of extensive ice sheets in both northern and southern hemispheres. By this definition, we are in an interglacial period—the Holocene—of the ice age. The ice age began 2.6 million years ago at the start of the Pleistocene epoch, because the Greenland, Arctic, and Antarctic ice sheets still exist.

neg: Antarctic The Antarctic (US English , UK English or and or ) is a polar region, specifically the region around the Earth's South Pole, opposite the Arctic region around the North Pole. The Antarctic comprises in the strict sense the continent of Antarctica and the island territories located on the Antarctic Plate. In a broader sense the Antarctic region include the ice shelves, waters, and island territories in the Southern Ocean situated south of the Antarctic Convergence, a zone approximately 32 to wide varying in latitude seasonally. The region covers some 20% of the Southern Hemisphere, of which 5.5% (14 million km) is the surface area of the Antarctic continent itself. All of the land and ice shelves south of 60°S latitude are administrated under the Antarctic Treaty System. In a biogeographic sense, the Antarctic ecozone is one of eight ecozones of the Earth's land surface.

neg: Trollsletta Trollsletta is a coastal plain on the North Arctic Ocean island of Jan Mayen.

neg: Traffic Circle (Antarctica) Traffic Circle is a glacier-filled expanse 500 m high, situated south of Mount Ptolemy and medially on Antarctic Peninsula between Marguerite Bay and Mobiloil Inlet. Hub Nunatak rises from the center of the Traffic Circle. From this position, five glacial troughs radiate like the spokes of a wheel. One connects on the north with Gibbs Glacier and Neny Glacier, leading to Neny Fjord. Another connects on the west with Lammers Glacier and Windy Valley, leading to Mikkelsen Bay. A third, Cole Glacier, trends southwest along Godfrey Upland toward the Wordie Ice Shelf area. The fourth, Weyerhaeuser Glacier, trends southward toward Wakefield Highland and connects with glaciers leading westward to Wordie Ice Shelf. The fifth, Mercator Ice Piedmont, is nourished by the outflow from Weyerhaeuser, Cole and Gibbs Glaciers; it broadens as it descends eastward to the head of Mobiloil Inlet. Discovered in 1940 by members of the East Base party of the United States Antarctic Service (USAS), 1939–41, who used this system of troughs in traveling across the upland, hence the name Traffic Circle.

neg: Aeronomy Aeronomy is the meteorological science of the upper region of the Earth's or other planetary atmospheres, which relates to the atmospheric motions, its chemical composition and properties, and the reaction to it from the environment from space. The term "aeronomy" was introduced by Sydney Chapman in a Letter to the Editor of "Nature" entitled "Some Thoughts on Nomenclature" in 1946. Studies within the subject also investigates the causes of dissociation or ionization processes.

neg: Uversnatten Rock Uversnatten Rock ( ) is a small rock eminence 1 nautical mile (1.9 km) west of Huldreslottet Mountain, at the south end of Borg Massif in Queen Maud Land. Mapped by Norwegian cartographers from surveys and air photos by Norwegian-British-Swedish Antarctic Expedition (NBSAE) (1949–52) and named Uversnatten.

neg: Climate of Europe Western Europe has an Oceanic climate, far southern Europe has a Mediterranean climate, and eastern Europe is classified as having a Continental climate. The climate of western Europe is strongly conditioned by the Gulf Stream, which keeps mild air (for the latitude) over Northwestern Europe in the winter months, especially in Ireland, the UK and coastal Norway. Parts of the central European plains have a hybrid oceanic/continental climate. Four seasons occur in Eastern Europe, while southern Europe experiences distinct wet season and dry seasons, with prevailing hot and dry conditions during the summer months.

neg: Winter 1985 cold wave The Winter 1985 cold wave was a meteorological event, the result of the shifting of the polar vortex further south than is normally seen. Blocked from its normal movement, polar air from the north pushed into nearly every section of the eastern half of the United States and Canada, shattering record lows in a number of areas. The event was preceded by unusually warm weather in the eastern U.S. in December 1984, suggesting that there was a build-up of cold air that was suddenly released from the Arctic, a meteorological event known as a Mobile Polar High, a weather process identified by Professor Marcel Leroux.

neg: Vatnajökull Vatnajökull (] ), also known as the Water Glacier in English, is the largest and most voluminous ice cap in Iceland, and one of the largest in area in Europe. It is the second largest glacier in area after Austfonna on Svalbard in Norway but, nevertheless, larger by volume. It is located in the south-east of the island, covering more than 8 percent of the country.

neg: Ekman transport Ekman transport, part of Ekman motion theory first investigated in 1902 by Vagn Walfrid Ekman, is the term given for the 90° net transport of the surface layer of a fluid (the layer affected by wind) by wind forcing. This phenomenon was first noted by Fridtjof Nansen, who recorded that ice transport appeared to occur at an angle to the wind direction during his Arctic expedition during the 1890s. The direction of transport is dependent on the hemisphere: in the northern hemisphere, transport occurs at 90° clockwise from wind direction, while in the southern hemisphere it occurs at a 90° counterclockwise.

neg: North Water Polynya The North Water Polynya or "Pikialasorsuaq" in Greenlandic (NOW) is a polynya (area of year-round open water surrounded by sea ice) that lies between Greenland and Canada in northern Baffin Bay. The world's largest Arctic polynya at about 85000 km2 , it creates a warm microclimate that provides a refuge for narwhal, beluga, walrus, and bowhead whales to feed and rest. While thin ice forms in some areas, the polynya is kept open by wind, tides and an ice bridge on its northern edge. Named the "North Water" by 19th century whalers who relied on it for spring passage, this polynya is one of the most biologically productive marine areas in the Arctic Ocean.

neg: 71st parallel south The 71st parallel south is a circle of latitude that is 71 degrees south of the Earth's equatorial plane in the Antarctic. The parallel passes through the Southern Ocean and Antarctica.

neg: Arctic ecology Arctic ecology is the scientific study of the relationships between biotic and abiotic factors in the arctic, the region north of the Arctic Circle (66 33’). This is a region characterized by stressful conditions as a result of extreme cold, low precipitation, a limited growing season (50–90 days) and virtually no sunlight throughout the winter. The Arctic consists of taiga (or boreal forest) and tundra biomes, which also dominate very high elevations, even in the tropics. Sensitive ecosystems exist throughout the Arctic region, which are being impacted dramatically by global warming. The earliest inhabitants of the Arctic were the Neanderthals. Since then, many indigenous populations have inhabited the region, which continues to this day. Since the early 1900s, when Vilhjalmur Stefansson led the first major Canadian Arctic Expedition, the Arctic has been a valued area for ecological research. In 1946, The Arctic Research Laboratory was established in Point Barrow, Alaska under the contract of the Office of Naval Research. This launched an interest in exploring the Arctic examining animal cycles, permafrost and the interactions between indigenous peoples and the Arctic ecology. During the Cold War, the Arctic became a place where the United States, Canada, and the Soviet Union performed significant research that has been essential to the study of climate change in recent years. A major reason why research in the Arctic is essential for the study of climate change is because the effects of climate change will be felt more quickly and more drastically in higher latitudes of the world as above average temperatures are predicted for Northwest Canada and Alaska. From an anthropological point of view, researchers study the native Inuit peoples of Alaska as they have become extremely accustomed to adapting to ecological and climate variability.

neg: Climate of Australia Australia's climate is governed largely by its size and by the hot, sinking air of the subtropical high pressure belt. This moves north and south with the seasons, so that the rainfall pattern over Australia is highly seasonal. Australia's rainfall is the lowest of all continents except Antarctica. But it is variable, with frequent droughts lasting several seasons—thought to be caused in part by the El Niño-Southern Oscillation. The climate varies widely due to its large geographical size, but by far the largest part of Australia is desert or semi-arid. Only the south-east and south-west corners have a temperate climate and moderately fertile soil. The northern part of the country has a tropical climate, varied between tropical rainforests, grasslands and part desert.

neg: Aestivation Aestivation or æstivation (from Latin: "aestas" , summer, but also spelled estivation in American English) is a state of animal dormancy, similar to hibernation, characterized by inactivity and a lowered metabolic rate, that is entered in response to high temperatures and arid conditions. It takes place during times of heat and dryness, the hot dry season, which are often the summer months.

neg: Time in Antarctica Antarctica sits on every line of longitude, due to the South Pole being situated near the middle of the continent. Theoretically Antarctica would be located in all time zones; however, areas south of the Antarctic Circle experience extreme day-night cycles near the times of the June and December solstices, making it difficult to determine which time zone would be appropriate. For practical purposes time zones are usually based on territorial claims; however, many stations use the time of the country they are owned by or the time zone of their supply base (e.g. McMurdo Station and Amundsen–Scott South Pole Station use New Zealand time due to their main supply base being Christchurch, New Zealand). Nearby stations can have different time zones, due to their belonging to different countries. Many areas have no time zone since nothing is decided and there are not even any temporary settlements that have any clocks. They are simply labeled with UTC time.

neg: Winter solstice The winter solstice (or hibernal solstice), also known as midwinter, is an astronomical phenomenon marking the day with the shortest period of daylight and the longest night of the year.

neg: Cold drop The cold drop (Spanish: "gota fría" ) is a weather phenomenon often occurring in the Spanish autumn. It is experienced particularly along the western Mediterranean and as such, most frequently affects the east coast of Spain. It is a closed upper-level low which has become completely displaced (cut off) from basic westerly current, and moves independently of that current. Cutoff lows may remain nearly stationary for days, or on occasion may move westward opposite to the prevailing flow aloft (i.e., retrogression). The term is also used to describe the meteorological phenomenon associated. In Spain, it appears when a front of very cold polar air, a jet stream, advances slowly over Western Europe, at high altitude (normally 5–9 km or 3–5.5 mi).

neg: Farthest North Farthest North (sometimes known as Furthest North) describes the most northerly latitude reached by explorers before the conquest of the North Pole rendered the expression obsolete. The northern (Arctic) polar regions are much more accessible than those of the south, as continental land masses extend to high latitudes and sea voyages to the regions are relatively short.

neg: Natural resources of the Arctic Natural resources of the Arctic are the mineral and animal resources within the Arctic region (sometimes defined as north of the Arctic Circle) that provide or have potential to provide utility or economic benefit to humans. The Arctic contains significant amounts of minerals, boreal forest, marine life and fresh water.


query: Freddy Mveng plays for which Swiss football club based in Lausanne?

pos: Freddy Mveng Frederic "Freddy" Mveng Mbezele (born 29 May 1992 in Maroua) is a Swiss/Cameroonian footballer who plays as a right back and defensive midfielder for Swiss Super League club Lausanne-Sport.

pos: FC Lausanne-Sport FC Lausanne-Sport (also referred to as LS) is a Swiss football club based in Lausanne.

neg: FC Solothurn FC Solothurn is a Swiss football club based in Solothurn. The club has played in Nationalliga B (2nd level), and currently plays at 1. Liga (Group 2) (3rd level).

neg: Swiss Football Association The Swiss Football Association (German: "Schweizerischer Fussballverband" , French: "Association Suisse de Football" , Italian: "Associazione Svizzera di Calcio" ) is the governing body of football in Switzerland. It organizes the football league, the Swiss Football League and the Switzerland national football team. It is based in Bern.

neg: FC Concordia Basel FC Concordia Basel is a Swiss football club based in Basel. The club was founded in 1907. They play in the 2nd regional league which is the fifth level, and their home stadium was Rankhof Stadium until season 2008/9. FC Concordia Basel builds the farm team of FC Basel.

neg: Frenz United Frenz United or in full Frenz United Football Club (FUFC) is a Malaysian football club located in Malacca City. Frenz United is the country’s first Professional Football Club with Academy for professional footballers. The club trying to conceive, promote and implementing game-changing excellence in football that is enabling an entire generation of highly skilled, disciplined and competent individuals.

neg: AS Poissy AS Poissy (French: "Amicale Sportive de Poissy" ) is a French football club based in Poissy (Yvelines). It was founded in 1904. They play at the Stade Léo Lagrange, which has a capacity of 3,500. The colours of the club are yellow and blue.

neg: Alain Schultz Alain Schultz (born 17 February 1983) is a Swiss association footballer who plays for FC Wohlen.

neg: 1986–87 FC Basel season The Fussball Club Basel 1893 1986–87 season was their 93rd season since the club's foundation. It was their 41st consecutive season in the top flight of Swiss football since they achieved promotion in the 1945–46 season. FC Basel played their home games in the St. Jakob Stadium. Peter Max Sutter was the club's newly appointed chairman.

neg: Marvin Pfründer Marvin Pfründer (born 28 January 1994) is a Swiss footballer who plays for FC Vaduz.

neg: FC Bülach FC Buelach are a football team from Switzerland who played in the 2L Inter Group 4 2008–2009, currently in the 2. Liga.

neg: Rheinpark Stadion The Rheinpark Stadion in Vaduz is the national stadium of Liechtenstein. It plays host to the home matches of the Liechtenstein national football team, and is also the home of football club, FC Vaduz.

neg: Gonzalo Zárate Gonzalo Eulogio Zárate (born 6 August 1984 in Rosario, Santa Fe) is an Argentine footballer who currently plays as a forward for Swiss club Lausanne-Sport.

neg: FC Hochdorf FC Hochdorf is a Swiss football club. It currently compete at Regional Verbaende of Innerschweizerischer Fussballverband group (5th level).

neg: 2013–14 Swiss Cup The 2013–14 Swiss Cup was the 89th season of Switzerland's annual football cup competition. The competition started on 14 August 2013 with the first game of Round 1 and ended on May 2014 with the Final. The winners of the competition qulified for the play-off round of the 2014–15 UEFA Europa League. The title holders were Grasshopper Zürich.

neg: SC Buochs SC Buochs is a Swiss football club, founded in 1934 (officially). The club colours are blue and white derived from the town Buochs's coat of arms.

neg: Lausanne District Lausanne District (French: "District de Lausanne" ) is a district in the canton of Vaud, Switzerland. The seat of the district is the city of Lausanne.

neg: 1971–72 FC Basel season The 1971–72 season was Fussball Club Basel 1893's 78th season in their existence. It was their 26th consecutive season in the top flight of Swiss football after their promotion the season 1945–46. They played their home games in the St. Jakob Stadium.

neg: FC Sochaux-Montbéliard Football Club Sochaux-Montbéliard (] ; commonly referred to as FCSM or simply Sochaux) is a French association football club based in the city of Montbéliard. The club was founded in 1928 and currently plays in Ligue 2, the second tier of French football, after having finished 18th and being relegated from Ligue 1 in the 2013–14 season. Sochaux plays its home matches at the Stade Auguste Bonal, located within the city.

neg: FC Basel FC Basel 1893 ("Fussball Club Basel 1893"), widely known as FC Basel or just Basel, and sometimes referred to as FC Basel in English or FCB, is a Swiss football club based in Basel. They are one of the most successful clubs in Swiss football, having won the Swiss Super League 20 times, the second most for any Swiss club.

neg: Johan Djourou Johan Danon Djourou-Gbadjere (] ; born 18 January 1987), more commonly known as Johan Djourou, is a Swiss international footballer who currently plays for Turkish Süper Lig side Antalyaspor.

neg: Ivan Markovic (footballer, born 1997) Ivan Markovic (born 15 June 1997) is a Swiss footballer who plays for FC Thun. Markovic is of Croatian descent.