query: The Subaru Legacy is considered an alternative to which BMW entry-level luxury car?

pos: Subaru Legacy The Subaru Legacy is a mid-size car built by Japanese automobile manufacturer Subaru since 1989. Part of the original design goals for the Legacy model was to provide Subaru a vehicle in which they could compete in the lucrative North American midsize market against competitors Honda Accord, Toyota Camry, Mazda6, and Nissan Altima. Higher performance variants of the Legacy are offered as competitive alternatives to compact executive cars such as the Audi A4, Alfa Romeo 159 and BMW 3 Series. The Legacy also serves as Subaru's flagship car.

pos: BMW 3 Series The BMW 3 Series is an entry-level luxury car manufactured by the German automaker BMW since May 1975. It is the successor to the 02 Series and has been produced in six different generations.

neg: Infiniti Q30 The Infiniti Q30 is a small hatchback built and sold by Nissan's Infiniti luxury brand from 2016. The Q30 is built on the third generation Mercedes-Benz A-Class platform to create a small, premium hatchback. The Q30 is a result of the Nissan and Mercedes partnership agreement to share technology.

neg: Cadillac Fleetwood The Cadillac Fleetwood is a model of luxury car manufactured by the Cadillac division of General Motors from the 1985 through the 1996 model years.

neg: Toyota Brevis The Toyota Brevis is a former mid-sized luxury sedan introduced in May 2001, that was sold only in Japan.

neg: Buick Estate The Buick Estate was a line of full-sized station wagons manufactured by the Buick division of General Motors. As its premier luxury division, Cadillac, didn't offer a station wagon, the Estate was GM's most expensive and most fully equipped entry in the market.

neg: Lamborghini Automobili Lamborghini S.p.A. (] ) is an Italian brand and manufacturer of luxury supercars, sports cars and SUVs based in Sant'Agata Bolognese, Italy. The company is owned by the Volkswagen Group through its subsidiary Audi.

neg: BMW Assist BMW Assist is a telematic roadside assistance service offered by BMW. BMW Assist is similar to GM's OnStar or Mercedes-Benz mbrace services as they both use the cellular network and Global Positioning telemetry to locate or guide the vehicle. BMW Assist can provide turn-by-turn directions, remote unlocking, vehicle diagnostics, airbag deployment notification, theft recovery and towing or flat tire repair. The service is included free in most new BMWs. After expiration, it can be purchased at a yearly rate. As of March, 2016, BMW assist is undergoing a "technology upgrade" in the US, and renewals are not being processed for MY2013 and older models. BMW has provided no estimated time for completion. Those whose memberships have expired no longer have the advantages of the Safety or Convenience plans. Members who have active service as of December 31, 2016 will have a choice to receive $200 compensation for losing service or to receive a hardware retrofit to continue service. There is a population for whom BMW did not allow renewal between March and December 2016, thus forcing them out of safety and security features.

neg: Mitsubishi Outlander The Mitsubishi Outlander is a mid-size crossover manufactured by Japanese automaker Mitsubishi. It was originally known as the Mitsubishi Airtrek when it was introduced in Japan in 2001, and was based on the Mitsubishi ASX concept vehicle exhibited at the 2001 North American International Auto Show. It was sold at Mitsubishi Japan dealership chain called "Car Plaza". The ASX (Active Sports Crossover) represented Mitsubishi's approach to the industry wide SUV trend for retaining the all-season and off-road abilities offered by a high ground clearance and four-wheel drive, while still offering car-like levels of emissions, economy and size.

neg: GM V platform (1966) The V platform is a rear-wheel drive automobile platform that underpinned various General Motors (GM) vehicles from 1966 through to its final discontinuation in 2007. The V platform was developed in the 1960s by the German subsidiary of GM, Opel. However, it was not without significant revision over its lifetime. The platform's phase-out began when European production ended during 2003, while the Australian variants, produced by Holden continued until 2007, after their final replacement by Zeta-derived models. The first of these Zeta cars came in 2006, with the remaining changing over in 2007. V-cars are identified by the "V" fourth character in their Vehicle Identification Number. Although completely unrelated, the "V platform" designation was also used for a series of North American front-wheel drive personal luxury coupes (see: GM V platform (1987)).

neg: BMW 3 Series (E30) The BMW E30 is an entry-level luxury car which was produced by BMW from 1982 to 1994. The initial models used the coupe (two-door sedan) body style. Four-door sedan models were introduced in 1983, convertibles were introduced in 1985 and estate ("Touring") models were introduced in 1987. The E36 replaced the E30 coupe models in 1990, with other E30 body styles being phased out of production until the final E30 model, a Touring, was produced in 1994.

neg: BMW N55 The BMW N55 is a turbocharged direct injection straight-6 DOHC car engine that began production in 2009. It was launched in the F07 535i Gran Turismo. The N55 won three straight Ward's 10 Best Engines awards in 2011-2013. It began to be phased out following the introduction of the B58 engine in 2015.

neg: BMW Z9 The BMW Z9 (or Z9 Gran Turismo, Z9 GT) is a four-seat coupe concept car, carbon-fiber skin over an aluminum space frame. It was introduced on September in 1999 at the Frankfurt Auto Show. During the 2000 Paris Auto Show a convertible variant of the Z9 was debuted. It was designed by Chris Bangle, who was promoted to Director of BMW Group Design. Much of the styling found on E63 6 series is derived from the Z9.

neg: Acura RLX The Acura RLX is a full-size luxury sedan manufactured by Honda and sold under their Acura division, released in 2013. Succeeding the Acura RL, the RLX offers two versions, a front-wheel drive base model equipped with Acura's Precision All-Wheel Steer (P-AWS) four-wheel steering system, and a hybrid variant featuring SH-AWD that serves as Acura's flagship.

neg: Subaru 1000 The Subaru 1000 was the first front wheel drive Subaru produced by Fuji Heavy Industries that was in the Japanese government "compact car" classification starting in 1966. Previous Subaru models such as the Subaru 360 and the Sambar had been rear-engined, rear wheel drive kei cars.

neg: Grand tourer A grand tourer (Italian: "gran turismo" ) (GT) is a performance and luxury automobile capable of high speed and long-distance driving. The most common format is a front-engine, rear-wheel-drive two-door coupé with either a two-seat or a 2+2 arrangement. The term derives from the Italian language phrase "gran turismo" which became popular in the English language from the 1950s, evolving from fast touring cars and streamlined closed sports cars during the 1930s.

neg: Ford Kuga The Ford Kuga is a compact sport utility vehicle (SUV) produced by Ford since 2008. It is based on the C1 platform, that also forms the underpinnings of the Ford Focus and Ford C-Max. Both front-wheel-drive and four-wheel-drive are offered.

neg: Porsche 928 The Porsche 928 is a luxurious grand tourer produced by Porsche AG of Germany from 1978 to 1995. Originally intended to replace the company's well-known and famed 911, the 928 combined the power, poise, and handling of a sports car with the refinement, comfort, and equipment of a luxurious saloon to create what some Porsche executives thought would be a vehicle with wider appeal than the compact, quirky and sometimes difficult 911.

neg: Porsche Macan The Porsche Macan (Type 95B) is a five-door luxury crossover SUV (CUV) produced by the German car manufacturer Porsche from 2014. It is built in Leipzig, Germany.

neg: BMW 6 Series (E63) The BMW E63/E64 is the second generation of the BMW 6 Series range of grand tourers, and was sold from 2003 to 2010. The body styles of the range are:

neg: Lexus LX The Lexus LX (Japanese: レクサス・LX, "Rekusasu LX") is a full-size luxury sport utility vehicle (SUV) sold by Lexus since January 1996 having entered manufacture in November 1995. Three generations have been produced, all based heavily on the long-running Toyota Land Cruiser SUVs. The first generation LX 450 started production in 1995 as Lexus' first entry into the SUV market. Its successor, the LX 470, premiered in 1998 and was produced until 2006. The latest, third-generation, LX 570 debuted at the New York International Auto Show in April 2007 as a complete redesign for the 2008 model year. The LX is not available in Japan where it is manufactured. The LX name stands for "Luxury Crossover". However, some Lexus importers use the backronymic name, "Luxury Four Wheel Drive".

neg: Subaru Levorg The Subaru Levorg is a mid-size car manufactured since 2014 by Fuji Heavy Industries and sold through Subaru. According to Subaru, the name Levorg is a portmanteau of three words, LEgacy, reVOlution, touRinG The Levorg shares its platform with the Impreza, Legacy and WRX


query: In what country did the revolutionary wave, of which the 2011 Omani protests were a part, begin?

pos: 2011 Omani protests The 2011 Omani protests were a series of protests in the Persian Gulf country of Oman that occurred as part of the revolutionary wave popularly known as the "Arab Spring".

pos: Arab Spring The Arab Spring, (Arabic: الربيع العربي  "ar-Rabīʻ al-ʻArabī") also referred to as Arab revolutions (Arabic: الثورات العربية  "aṯ-'awrāt al-ʻarabiyyah"), was a revolutionary wave of both violent and non-violent demonstrations, protests, riots, coups and civil wars in North Africa and the Middle East that began on 17 December 2010 in Tunisia with the Tunisian Revolution.

neg: Globe Roundabout Globe Roundabout (or Sohar Roundabout) was an iconic roundabout in the Sultanate of Oman, located in the industrial city of Sohar. The roundabout was the centre of 2011 Omani protests.

neg: 2011–12 Kurdish protests in Turkey The 2011–2012 Kurdish protests in Turkey are ongoing protests in Turkey, led by the Peace and Democracy Party (BDP), against restrictions of Kurdish rights by of the country's Kurdish minority's rights. Although they are the latest in a long series of protest actions by Kurds in Turkey, they are strongly influenced by the concurrent popular protests throughout the Middle East and North Africa, and the Turkish publication "Hürriyet Daily News" has suggested that the popularly dubbed "Arab Spring" that has seen revolutions in Egypt and Tunisia may lead to a "Kurdish Summer" in the northern reaches of the Middle East. Protesters have taken to the streets both in İstanbul and in southeast Turkey, with some demonstrations also reported as far west in Anatolia as İzmir.

neg: Supreme Revolutionary Committee The Supreme Revolutionary Committee, sometimes referred to as the Revolutionary Council or the Revolutionary Committee, is an interim body in Yemen formed by the Zaidiyyah Shia group Ansar Allah (more commonly known as the Houthis). In their 6 February 2015 "constitutional declaration" after seizing control of the Yemeni capital and much of former North Yemen, and the failure of Thursday talks between the Houthis and Yemen’s many political parties that were aimed at forming a government to replace Hadi and his cabinet, the group declared the committee would act as Yemen's interim authority. The committee was given the task of forming a new 551-seat parliament, which would then select a five-member presidential council to rule the country for two years.

neg: Couch Party Couch Party (Arabic: حزب الكنبة, ALA-LC: "Ḥizb al-Kanabah") is a political term widely used in Egyptian politics referring to the millions of Egyptians who avoid participating in protests and have no political affiliation. It started to appear during and after the 2011 revolution that toppled President Hosni Mubarak. People who self-describe or are described by others as belonging to this imaginary "party" have been the target of many political forces in the country due to their number that could easily influence electoral process by changing the balance in favor of a particular vote. Many have accused them of being supportive of Mubarak's regime and were displeased with the demonstrations against him, while others said they supported anti-regime protests but chose to watch the events on television instead of participating. The general description however, is that they are the silent majority that either opposes all political entities or prefers to follow events while isolating itself without taking part in any political process the country goes through. Despite this, some of those described as being part of the Couch Party made their first move during the June 2013 Egyptian protests with masses rarely taking to the streets against newly elected President Mohamed Morsi and called for his resignation following his temporary constitutional declaration of 22 November 2012 which sparked months of protests. Many of them simply say they want stability in their country and call for an end to the economic downfall and the rise of criminal activity which became rampant following Mubarak's resignation.

neg: Hezbollah Al-Hejaz Hezbollah Al-Hejaz (Arabic: حزب الله الحجاز  ; English: literally Party of God in the "Hejaz" ), Hizbollah in the Hijaz or the Saudi Hizbollah, is a militant organization operating in Saudi Arabia, Kuwait and Bahrain. It is a Shi‘i organization founded in May 1987 in Saudi Arabia’s Eastern Province. It is pro-Khomeini as opposed to the pro-Shirazi Organization for the Islamic Revolution in the Arabian Peninsula (OIR; Munazzamat al-Thawra al-Islamiyya). It is outlawed in Saudi Arabia, being designated as a terrorist organization by the kingdom's government on 7 March 2014.

neg: Women in the Arab Spring Women played a variety of roles in the Arab Spring, but its impact on women and their rights is unclear. The Arab Spring was a series of demonstrations, protests, and civil wars against authoritarian regimes that started in Tunisia and spread to much of the Arab world. The leaders of Tunisia, Egypt, Libya, and Yemen were overthrown; Bahrain has experienced sustained civil disorder, and the protests in Syria have become a civil war. Other Arab countries experienced protests as well.

neg: Qatar Qatar ( , , or ; Arabic: قطر  "Qatar " ] ; local vernacular pronunciation: ] ), officially the State of Qatar (Arabic: دولة قطر  "Dawlat Qatar "), is a sovereign country located in Western Asia, occupying the small Qatar Peninsula on the northeastern coast of the Arabian Peninsula. Its sole land border is with Saudi Arabia to the south, with the rest of its territory surrounded by the Persian Gulf. An arm of the Persian Gulf separates Qatar from the nearby island country of Bahrain.

neg: Syrian Revolution Network The Syrian Revolution Network (Arabic: شبكة الثورة السورية  ), originally called the Syrian Revolution 2011 and the Syrian Days of Rage, is a Syrian opposition activist organization active in the Syrian Civil War. It was originally a Facebook page created by Fida al-Sayed, a Swedish activist living in Eskilstuna, during the Arab Spring in the beginning of 2011. By May 2011, it was considered the most influential Syrian activist organization in the mobilization of protesters against the Syrian government during the Syrian uprising.

neg: Revolutions of 1830 The Revolutions of 1830 were a revolutionary wave in Europe which took place in 1830. It included two "romantic nationalist" revolutions, the Belgian Revolution in the United Kingdom of the Netherlands and the July Revolution in France along with revolutions in Congress Poland and Switzerland. It was followed eighteen years later, by another and possibly even stronger wave of revolutions known as the Revolutions of 1848.

neg: Political prisoners in Saudi Arabia Dissidents have been detained as political prisoners in Saudi Arabia during the 1990s, 2000s and 2010s. Protests and sit-ins calling for political prisoners to be released took place during the 2011–2012 Saudi Arabian protests in many cities throughout Saudi Arabia, with security forces firing live bullets in the air on 19 August 2012 at a protest at al-Ha'ir Prison. s of 2012 , recent estimates of the number of political prisoners in Mabahith prisons range from a denial of any political prisoners at all by the Ministry of Interior, to 30,000 by the UK-based Islamic Human Rights Commission and the BBC.

neg: Layla Fakhro Layla Abdulla Yousif Al-Fakhro was a pioneering Bahraini woman who was an educator and a freedom fighter. She has taken part in the Dhofar Rebellion in Oman in the 1960s and has established the first [School of the Revolution] through which much of the current top echelon of Omani government and enterprise have passed through, providing the basis of a modern educational system in Oman. These enterprises have made Ms. Fakhro a legend throughout the Arab world in general, and the Gulf in particular.

neg: Fanja, Oman Fanja (Arabic: فنجاء  ) is a town in the region Ad Dakhiliyah, in northeastern Oman. As of 2010 it had a population of 10,396.

neg: South Arabia South Arabia is a historical region that consists of the southern region of the Arabian Peninsula, mainly centered in what is now the Republic of Yemen, yet it has historically also included Najran, Jizan, and 'Asir, which are presently in Saudi Arabia, and the Dhofar of present-day Oman.

neg: Muscat and Oman The Sultanate of Muscat and Oman (Arabic: سلطنة مسقط وعمان  "Salṭanat Masqaṭ wa-‘Umān ") was a thalassocratic nation that encompassed the present-day Sultanate of Oman and parts of present-day United Arab Emirates and Gwadar, Pakistan. The country is not to be confused with Trucial Oman, which were sheikhdoms under British protection since 1820.

neg: Arab Revolt The Arab Revolt (Arabic: الثورة العربية  , "al-Thawra al-‘Arabiyya "; Turkish: "Arap İsyanı" ) or Great Arab Revolt (Arabic: الثورة العربية الكبرى  , "al-Thawra al-‘Arabiyya al-Kubrā ") was officially initiated by Sherif Hussein bin Ali at Mecca on 10 June 1916 (9 Sha'ban of the Islamic calendar for that year) although his sons ‘Ali and Faisal had already initiated operations at Medina starting on 5 June with the aim of securing independence from the ruling Ottoman Turks and creating a single unified Arab state spanning from Aleppo in Syria to Aden in Yemen.

neg: Yemeni Crisis (2011–present) The Yemeni Crisis began with the 2011–12 revolution against President Ali Abdullah Saleh, who had led Yemen for more than two decades. After Saleh left office in early 2012 as part of a mediated agreement between the Yemeni government and opposition groups, the government led by Saleh's former vice president, Abdrabbuh Mansur Hadi, struggled to unite the fractious political landscape of the country and fend off threats both from Al-Qaeda in the Arabian Peninsula and Houthi militants that had been waging a protracted insurgency in the north for years. In 2014, Houthi fighters swept into the capital of Sana'a and forced Hadi to negotiate a "unity government" with other political factions. The rebels continued to apply pressure on the weakened government until, after his presidential palace and private residence came under attack from the militant group, Hadi resigned along with his ministers in January 2015. The following month, the Houthis declared themselves in control of the government, dissolving Parliament and installing an interim Revolutionary Committee led by Mohammed Ali al-Houthi, a cousin of Houthi leader Abdul-Malik al-Houthi. However, Hadi escaped to Aden, where he declared that he remains Yemen's legitimate president, proclaimed the country's temporary capital, and called on loyal government officials and members of the military to rally to him. On 27 March 2015, BBC reported that Hadi had "fled rebel forces in the city of Aden" and subsequently "arrived in Saudi Arabia's capital Riyadh" as "Saudi authorities began air strikes in Yemen".

neg: Syrian opposition The Syrian opposition (Arabic: المعارضة السورية  "al-Muʕaraḍah as-Sūrīyah ", ] ) is an umbrella term for the political structure represented by the Syrian National Coalition and associated anti-regime Syrian groups with certain territorial control and an alternative Syrian government, claiming to be the legitimate Syrian Arab Republic. The Syrian opposition evolved since the beginning of the Syrian conflict, from groups calling for the overthrow of the Assad government in Syria and who have opposed its Ba'athist government. Prior to the Syrian Civil War, the term "opposition" (Arabic "mu'araDah") had been used to refer to traditional political actors, for example the National Coordination Committee for Democratic Change; that is, groups and individuals who have had a history of dissidence against the Syrian state.

neg: 2011 Lebanese protests The 2011 Lebanese protests were seen as influenced by the Arab Spring. The main protests focused on calls for political reform especially against confessionalism in Lebanon. The protests initiated in early 2011, and dimmed by the end of the year. In another aspect of the Arab Spring, Lebanese pro and anti-Assad factions descended into sectarian violence, which culminated in May–June 2012.

neg: Salafist Front The Salafist Front is an Egyptian Salafist organization that was founded after the 2011 Egyptian revolution after breaking away from the Salafist Call. It has been called "one of the largest Salafist associations in the Middle East". The organization was part of the Anti-Coup Alliance, though it announced on 4 December 2014 that it had withdrawn from the alliance. It has also been described as one of the most revolutionary Islamist movements in Egypt.

neg: Revolutionary wave A revolutionary wave is a series of revolutions occurring in various locations in a similar time period. In many cases, past revolutions and revolutionary waves may inspire current ones, or an initial revolution inspires other concurrent "affiliate revolutions" with similar aims.


query: Harish Raghavendra is an example of what term for a singer whose singing is pre-recorded for use in movies?

pos: Vikadan Vikadan is a 2003 Indian Tamil thriller film written and directed by Arun Pandian. Playback singer Harish Raghavendra played the lead role, alongside Arun Pandian, gayathri raghuram, Radhika Chaudhari and Uma.

pos: Playback singer A playback singer is a singer whose singing is pre-recorded for use in movies. Playback singers record songs for soundtracks, and actors or actresses lip-sync the songs for cameras; the actual singer does not appear on screen.

neg: Mano (singer) Nagoor Babu, known by his stage name Mano, is an Indian playback singer, voice-over artist, actor, producer, television anchor and music composer. He is a recipient of several awards such as the Nandi Awards from the Government of Andhra Pradesh and Kalaimamani award from the Government of Tamil Nadu.

neg: Rajkumari Dubey Rajkumari Dubey (1924–2000), better known by her first name, Rajkumari, was an Indian playback singer who worked in Hindi cinema of 1930s and 1940s. Best known for her songs, "Sun Bairi Baalam Sach Bol Re" in "Bawre Nain" (1950), "Ghabrekar Ke Jo Hum Sir Ko Takraayan" in "Mahal" (1949) and "Najariya Ki Maari" in "Pakeezah" (1972).

neg: Chetan Sosca Chetan Soscaa (Kannada: ಚೇತನ್ ಸಾಸ್ಕ ) originally named as CHETAN L J is an Indian playback singer and composer. He is known for his works in Kannada film industry. He has performed for many Kannada film songs.

neg: Rathnamala Prakash Ratnamala Prakash(Kannada:ರತ್ನಮಾಲಾ ಪ್ರಕಾಶ್) is an Indian singer who sings in Kannada language. Her father Padma bhushan late sri R. K. Srikantan was a popular karnataka classical musician. Ratnamala still popular in Karnataka for her soulful singing. She has magnetic voice with powerful high pitch shruthi. The late composer C. Ashwath's first choice was always Ratnamala.

neg: M. M. Keeravani Koduri Marakathamani Keeravaani, better known as M. M. Keeravani, is an Indian film music composer and playback singer, who works in Telugu, Tamil, Kannada, Malayalam and Hindi cinema. He is also known by his aliases Marakathamani, Vedanarayana and M. M. Kreem. He has recorded a maximum number of songs with singers S. P. Balasubrahmanyam and K. S. Chithra. In 1997, he was awarded the National Film Award for Best Music Direction for the Telugu movie "Annamayya". He has won six Filmfare Awards, eight state Nandi Awards and a Tamil Nadu State Film Award.

neg: Taan (music) Taan (Hindi: तान ) (Urdu:  ) is a virtuoso technique used in the vocal performance of a raga in Hindustani classical music. It involves the singing of very rapid melodic passages using vowels, often the long "a" as in the word "far", and it targets at improvising and to expand weaving together the notes in a fast tempo. It is similar to the technique "ahaat", used in Arabic music.

neg: Satya Harishchandra (1943 film) Satya Harishchandra is a 1943 Indian Kannada film directed by R. Nagendra Rao. It stars Subbaiah Naidu, Lakshmibai and Rao in the lead roles. The music of the film was composed by R. Sudarshanam. The film was successful at the box office and ran for 100 days in Dharwad.

neg: Anitha Karthikeyan Anitha Karthikeyan is a playback singer. She hails from a family of musicians and is based out of Chennai. Born to Mr. K. Venkatanarsimhan and Dr. (Mrs.)V. Mathuram on 13 Dec, Anitha did her BSc Computer Science from Ethiraj College and her post graduation MSc I.T from M.O.P Vaishnav College for Women. Parallelly she also got trained in Classical (Lower grade), Western (8th grade Vocals from Trinity College of London under the guidance of Augustin Paul) and Hindustani music (Karana Garana from Mrs. Megna Dandekar).

neg: T. N. Seshagopalan Madurai Thirumalai Nambi Seshagopalan (born, September 5, 1948) is a noted Carnatic singer, musician and composer. He was awarded the Madras Music Academy's Sangeetha Kalanidhi in 2006. As well as being a master of the veena and harmonium, he is an exponent of harikatha.

neg: Usha Mangeshkar Usha Mangeshkar (Marathi: उषा मंगेशकर , Hindi: उषा मंगेशकर ) is an Indian singer who has recorded many Hindi, Bengali, Marathi, Kannada, Nepali, Bhojpuri and Gujarati songs.

neg: Rajan Ishan Rajan Ishan ((Nepali: राजन ईशान )) (Born 29 September 1978) is a Nepali singer, composer and one of the most popular music arrangers in the Nepali Music Industry. He has acted in movies, "Karkash", "Awaran" "2 Rupaiyan" and "Rudrapriya". His music making began in 1996. It was the success of one of his biggest hits, "Baashma chaina mero mann", that made his name. Ishan's latest hit, "Ajhai Yaad Chha" is the first single from his latest album and is played on Radio Kantipur.

neg: Charulatha Mani Charulatha Mani (born January 21, 1981 )is an Indian Carnatic and playback singer. She has been performing Carnatic concerts since 1999. She has also sung for movies. Charulatha has appeared in numerous TV shows and radio programmes, in India, and overseas. She has recorded many, CD and DVD albums. Her "Isai Payanam" TV show, aired on Jaya TV, deals with Ragas in Carnatic and film music and has completed more than 80 episodes.

neg: Harishchandra (1932 film) Harishchandra is a 1932 Tamil mythological film directed by Raja Chandrasekhar and Sarvottam Badami for Sagar Movietone. T.C. Vadivelu Naicker is another name cited as an earlier co-director. The film was the third Tamil Talkie produced. The first Tamil talkie was Kalidas (1931) produced by Imperial Movietone and directed by H. M. Reddy in 1931. The second Tamil sound film was "Galava Rishi" produced by Sagar Movietone and directed by Sarvottam Badami. The cast included Nungambakkam Janaki and Rukmini.

neg: Vinay Mandke Vinay Mandke (born 16 December 1952) is a Veteran Indian playback singer, Music Composer, Live Performer who primarily sings for Bollywood films. He has also sung in Bengali, Gujarati, Tamil, Telugu, Marathi and various Indian languages.

neg: M. L. Vasanthakumari Madras Lalitangi Vasanthakumari (Tamil: மெட்ராஸ் லலிதாங்கி வசந்தகுமாரி ) (popularly referred to as MLV) (3 July 1928 – 31 October 1990) was a Carnatic musician and playback singer for film songs in many Indian languages. MLV and her contemporaries D. K. Pattammal and M. S. Subbulakshmi were popularly referred to as the "female trinity of Carnatic Music. A prime disciple of the G. N. Balasubramaniam, she was the youngest among the established musicians of that era, and was the youngest female awardee of the "Sangita Kalanidhi" award.

neg: Aniruddha Bhattacharya Aniruddha Bhattacharya is a professional playback vocalist in the Telugu film industry. He hails from Kolkata, West Bengal. He started singing at the age of 5 and underwent training in Indian Classical Music under several stalwarts the most recent being Pt. Falguni Mitra of Bettiah Benaras Gharana. He has acquired many styles of singing including the steadiness and open voiced recitals required in Dhrupad and Dhamar. As he progressed through his teens and matured as a singer he took up commercial singing guided by Mr. Prabir Karmakar and Mr. Buddhadeb Ganguly (stalwart music composer and guitarist). He also underwent training in Classical and semi classical music under Pt. Jayanta Sarkar, Rabindra Sangeet under Pt. Agnibho Banerjee and Mr Anutosh Chatterjee. Taking his inclination towards instruments to the next level he pursued learning Table under the legendary Tabla Guru Pt. Sujit Saha and Guitar under the immensely respected Mr. Amyt Datta.

neg: Harish Raghavendra Harish Raghavendra (born 7 January 1976) is an Indian vocalist and actor from Chennai, India. He is the son of photographer P.V Raghavendran. Harish is best known for his songs like "Hey Azhagiya Theeyee" from Minnale, "Nirpadhuve Nadapadhuve" from Barathi, "Devathayai Kanden" from Kadhal Kondein, "Sakkarai Nilave" from Youth, "Melliname Melliname" from Shahjahan and "Anbe Enn Anbe" from Dhaam Dhoom. He has also acted in a few Tamil Movies. He debuted as an actor in "Vikadan" directed by Arun Pandiyan in which he played the lead role. He also played a brother-role for Ajith Kumar in "Thirupathi", which was written and directed by Perarasu.

neg: Dhoop Chhaon Dhoop Chhaon is a 1935 Hindi movie directed by Nitin Bose. It was a remake of the Bengali film Bhagya Chakra. "Dhoop Chhaon" was the first Hindi film to use playback singing. It was Bose who came up with the idea of playback singing. He discussed with music director Raichand Boral and Bose's brother Mukul Bose, who was the sound recordist in New Theatres, implemented the idea.

neg: Chhookar Mere Man Ko Kiya Toone Kya Ishaara "Chhookar Mere Man Ko Kiya Toone Kya Ishaara" is a song from the 1981 Hindi film "Yaarana", sung by Kishore Kumar. Kishore Kumar was nominated for the Filmfare Award for Best Male Playback Singer for the song. Composed by Rajesh Roshan, the lyrics of the song are written by Anjaan. However the tune of the song has been blatantly lifted off the famous Rabindra Sangeet "Tomaar holo Shuru Aamar holo Shaaraa".

neg: Manmadha Leelayai Vendrar Undo Manmadha Leelayai Vendrar Undo is a Tamil song sung by M. K. Thyagaraja Bhagavathar in his 1944 film "Haridas". The song is considered one of the first important film songs composed in Charukesi raga. Video clippings from the song are featured in almost all documentaries and short films on pre-independence Tamil cinema.


query: Which magazine has a broader readership potential, Card Player or Democracy?

pos: Card Player Card Player magazine is an industry publication and web portal specializing in poker media, poker strategy and poker tournament coverage.

pos: Democracy (journal) Democracy is a quarterly journal of progressive and liberal politics, as well as culture, founded by Kenneth Baer and Andrei Cherny in 2006. "Democracy" is intended to be the progressive/liberal answer to such prominent and influential conservative journals as "The Public Interest", "Policy Review", "Commentary", and "The National Interest". Baer and Cherny state in a message to readers in the first issue that they intend to "regenerate the strength of the progressive movement" with "big ideas." Contrasting themselves with "National Review's" William F. Buckley, Baer and Cherny proclaim their journal will "stand athwart history and yell, Forward!" The editors put forward "Democracy" as "a place where ideas can be developed and important debates can be spurred" at a "time when American politics has grown profoundly unserious."

neg: GamesMaster (magazine) GamesMaster is a monthly multi-format computer and video game magazine published by Future plc in the United Kingdom. It is the biggest selling multi-format video games magazine in the United Kingdom, outselling its sister publication "Edge".

neg: People's Democracy (newspaper) People's Democracy is the weekly newspaper of the Communist Party of India (Marxist). Prakash Karat, CPI(M) Polit Bureau member is the editor of the newspaper. The journal has six editions from New Delhi, Kolkata, Hyderabad, Chennai, Agartala, and Kochi.

neg: Playbill Playbill is a monthly U.S. magazine for theatregoers. Although there is a subscription issue available for home delivery, most copies of "Playbill" are printed for particular productions and distributed at the door as the show's program.

neg: Challenge (game magazine) Challenge was a role-playing game magazine published by Game Designers' Workshop between 1986 and 1996. Announced in "Journal of the Travellers Aid Society" No. 22, the new (at the time unnamed) magazine was going to expand "JTAS" to a larger format (8.5"×11") and add coverage of GDW's new game "Twilight 2000" and other games. The larger size would allow printing of things such as deck plans or sector maps which would not fit in the smaller "JTAS" format.

neg: Democracy Now! Democracy Now! is an hour-long American TV, radio and internet news program hosted by journalists Amy Goodman and Juan González. The show, which airs live each weekday at 08:00 ET, is broadcast on the internet and by over 1,400 radio and television stations worldwide.

neg: The Cut (magazine) The Cut is a bi-monthly New Zealand golf magazine. It has become a multiple award winner since launching in August 1999 and focuses on golf features, news and columns along with lifestyle content such as fashion, travel and motoring. Recent changes have included the introduction of a challenging new tuition package. Writers include experienced broadcasters Peter Williams and Brendon Telfer, Tiger Woods’ Kiwi caddie Steve Williams and award-winning journalist Marc Hinton.

neg: The Great Outdoors (magazine) The Great Outdoors (formerly "TGO") is a British monthly consumer magazine focused on hillwalking and backpacking, first published in 1978. It was edited for many years by Cameron McNeish. Chris Townsend, and Jim Perrin are among many regular and long-term contributors to the magazine. Comedian Ed Byrne currently writes a column for the magazine. The current editor is Emily Rodway.

neg: The Spectator The Spectator is a weekly British conservative magazine on politics, culture, and current affairs. It was first published on 6 July 1828. It is currently owned by David and Frederick Barclay who also own "The Daily Telegraph" newspaper, via Press Holdings. Its principal subject areas are politics and culture. Its editorial outlook is generally supportive of the Conservative Party, although regular contributors include some outside that fold, such as Frank Field, Rod Liddle and Martin Bright. The magazine also contains arts pages on books, music, opera, and film and TV reviews. In late 2008, "Spectator Australia" was launched. This offers 12 pages of "Unique Australian Content" (including a separate editorial page) in addition to the full UK contents.

neg: PC Gamer PC Gamer is a magazine founded in the United Kingdom in 1993 devoted to PC gaming and published monthly by Future plc. The magazine has several regional editions, with the UK and US editions becoming the best selling PC games magazines in their respective countries. The magazine features news on developments in the video game industry, previews of new games, and reviews of the latest popular PC games, along with other features relating to hardware, mods, "classic" games and various other topics.

neg: The Trump Card The Trump Card is a game show that was broadcast on RTÉ One during the summer months of 2007 as a seasonal replacement for "Winning Streak". Launched as the successor to "Fame and Fortune" (1996–2006), "The Trump Card" had its prize money funded by the National Lottery and its production costs paid by RTÉ. Laura Woods presented.

neg: Guitar Player Guitar Player is an American popular magazine for guitarists, founded in 1967 in San Jose, California, United States. It contains articles, interviews, reviews and lessons of an eclectic collection of artists, genres and products. It has been in print since late 1967. The magazine is currently edited by Michael Molenda. "Guitar Player" is a part of the Music Player Network.

neg: Citizen journalism The concept of citizen journalism (also known as "public", "participatory", "democratic", "guerrilla" or "street" journalism) is based upon public citizens "playing an active role in the process of collecting, reporting, analyzing, and disseminating news and information." Similarly, Courtney C. Radsch defines citizen journalism "as an alternative and activist form of newsgathering and reporting that functions outside mainstream media institutions, often as a response to shortcomings in the professional journalistic field, that uses similar journalistic practices but is driven by different objectives and ideals and relies on alternative sources of legitimacy than traditional or mainstream journalism". Jay Rosen proposes a simpler definition: "When the people formerly known as the audience employ the press tools they have in their possession to inform one another."

neg: Ballot Access News Ballot Access News is a United States-based monthly online and print newsletter edited and published by Richard Winger of California, an expert on ballot access law in the United States. Published since 1985, the newsletter advocates "fair and equitable ballot access laws."

neg: Pure Nintendo Magazine Pure Nintendo Magazine (PNM) is a bi-monthly, independently published magazine that features Nintendo related content and news. The first issue of PNM was published October 2011 by Pure Media, LLC. PNM is available in print (individual issues only, print subscriptions discontinued see Shift To Digital Only Format) and digital (PDF) formats, as well as having an interactive application for all iOS and Android mobile devices.

neg: The Citizen (South Africa) The Citizen is a tabloid-style newspaper distributed nationally in South Africa. While its core readership is mainly in Gauteng, the economic powerhouse of the country, it also distributes to surrounding provinces such as Mpumalanga, Limpopo and the North West. It also publishes a special KwaZulu Natal edition daily.

neg: Home Power Home Power is a bi-monthly American magazine. It is based in Ashland, Oregon. Circulation is greater than 100,000.

neg: Merchant of Venus Merchant of Venus is a board game, published in 1988 by Avalon Hill, set in an unexplored part of the galaxy during a reawakening of galactic civilization. Players move around the board as traders discovering long forgotten pockets of civilization and buying and selling goods. The game can be played by one to six players. In tournaments it is usually played by four players. The solitaire version, which relies heavily on combat with a militaristic race, has different game mechanics.

neg: Pocket Gamer Pocket Gamer is a video game website that focuses on handheld video games. The site launched in 2005 and is published by Steel Media. The publication covers all major portable and mobile gaming formats, including iPhone, iPad, Android, Windows Phone, PlayStation Vita and the various versions of the Nintendo DS, and was one of the first to cover the iPhone and iPod Touch gaming markets. As well as the website, the publication hands out awards for handheld games to recognize them in several categories. The British newspaper "The Guardian" periodically syndicates a list of recommended mobile video games from "Pocket Gamer" in their own newspaper, especially the list of recommended games for each month.

neg: Horse&Rider Horse&Rider (also Horse&Rider Magazine) is a subscription magazine published in the United Kingdom by DJ Murphy.

neg: Moves (magazine) Moves was a wargaming magazine originally published by SPI (Simulations Publications, Inc.), who also published manual wargames. Their flagship magazine "Strategy & Tactics" ("S&T"), was a military history magazine featuring a new wargame in each issue. While S&T was devoted to historical articles, "Moves" focused on the play of the games. Each issue carried articles dealing with strategies for different wargames, tactical tips, and many variants and scenarios for existing games. As time passed, reviews of new games also became an important feature. While the majority of the articles dealt with SPI games, the magazine was open to and published many articles on games by other companies.


query: Head Smash a graphic novel by writer Vlad Yudin, who was born in what country?

pos: Head Smash Head Smash a graphic novel by writer Vlad Yudin, artist Tim Bradstreet, and colorist Dwayne Harris. It was released on July 31, 2013 through Arcana Studio. The story follows a superhero character in a pre-apocalyptic city. A film adaptation of "Head Smash" is in development.

pos: Vlad Yudin Vlad Yudin (Russian: Влад Юдин ; born 26 October 1982) is a Russian film director, producer and writer.

neg: Vitaly Pushnitsky Vitaly Pushnitsky (Russian: Вита́лий Ю́рьевич Пушни́цкий ; born 7 July 1967, Leningrad, USSR) is a Russian artist based in Saint-Petersburg, Russia. He is internationally recognized as a painter, sculptor, graphic artist and as a creator of installations, art objects and multimedia. He is considered one of Russia's leading contemporary artists.

neg: Yu Hua Yu Hua () is a Chinese author, born April 3, 1960 in Hangzhou, Zhejiang province. He practiced dentistry for five years and later turned to fiction writing in 1983 because he didn't like "looking into people’s mouths the whole day." Writing allowed him to be more creative and flexible. He grew up during the Cultural Revolution and many of his stories and novels are marked by this experience. One of the distinctive characteristics of his work is his penchant for detailed descriptions of brutal violence.

neg: Stefan Valev Stefan Nikolov Valev (Bulgarian: Стефан Николов Вълев ] ; 10 April 1935 – 3 March 2009) was a Bulgarian graphic, industrial designer and illustrator, one of the founders of the Bulgarian industrial design.

neg: Ivan Stanev Ivan Stanev (Bulgarian: Иван Станев , born 29 June 1959) is a Bulgarian-born German author, theatre and film director, stage designer and new media artist, who has been living in Berlin since 1988, and more recently in Paris.

neg: Vladimir Stavsky Vladimir Petrovich Stavsky (Владимир Петрович Ставский; born Kirpichnikov, Кирпичников; July 30, 1900 – November 14, 1943) was a Soviet Russian writer, editor (in 1937–1941, of "Novy Mir") and literary administrator, the head of the Soviet Union of Writers in 1936–1941. As World War II broke out, Stavsky relinquished his posts and, as a war correspondent for "Pravda" newspaper, went first to Mongolia then to the Winter War (where he was severely injured) and finally to the Western front where in 1943 he was killed in combat.

neg: Vadim Sayutin Vadim Aleksandrovich Sayutin (Russian: Вадим Александрович Саютин ) (born 31 December 1970) is a former speed skater who represented the Soviet Union, the Commonwealth of Independent States, Kazakhstan, and Russia, in that order. Sayutin was born in Alma-Ata (now Almaty), Kazakhstan, the city where the famous Medeo skating rink is located.

neg: Francisco Infante-Arana Francisco Infante-Arana (Russian: Франсиско Инфантэ-Арана ), born 1943 in Vasilievka, Saratov Oblast, Soviet Union) is a Russian artist.

neg: Yuu Kamiya Thiago Furukawa Lucas (born 10 November 1984), who goes by his pen name Yuu Kamiya (榎宮 祐 , Kamiya Yū ) , is a Japanese-Brazilian novelist and illustrator. He worked on Takaya Kagami's light novel adaptation of "A Dark Rabbit Has Seven Lives". In 2013, he then worked on writing and illustrating his own light novel series "No Game No Life" which has been adapted into anime, was listed as one of the top-selling light novels in 2014. and was one of ten light novel series to receive a Yomiuri Shimbun Sugoi Japan Award. In 2015, his newer light novel and manga series "Clockwork Planet" was greenlit for an anime adaptation. In 2011, he married Mashiro Hiiragi, who would work on the manga adaptation of "No Game No Life".

neg: Jorge Lucas Jorge Lucas is an Uruguayan/Argentinan comic book artist. He was born in Salto, Uruguay, where he lived till the age of 10, then moved to Argentina and acquired the Argentinian nationality.

neg: Rivkah (artist) Rivkah (born November 13, 1981) is best known as the artist, writer, and creator of the ongoing teen graphic novel series "Steady Beat".

neg: Pavel Zhagun Pavel Zhagun (Russian: Павел Николаевич Жагун; born May 22, 1954 in Chelyabinsk, Russia) is a Russian poet, musician, record producer, artist, and curator. Zhagun was raised in Ukraine and graduated from R.M. Glier Kiev Institute of Music as a trumpet player.

neg: Vadim Abdrashitov Vadim Yusupovich Abdrashitov (Russian: Вадим Юсупович Абдрашитов , Tatar: Вадим Йосыф улы Габдерәшитов , "Vadim Yosıf ulı Ğabderäşitov " ) (born 19 January 1945) is one of Russian cinema's most independent directors. He is internationally renowned, with awards from the Berlin and Venice Film Festivals.

neg: Alexander Mazin Alexander Vladimirovich Mazin (Russian: Александр Владимирович Мазин ) is a Ukrainian-born Russian writer, poet, and songwriter, specializing in the genres of science fiction, fantasy, and alternate history.

neg: Kim Yusob Kim Yusob (born 1959 in Gwangju) is a South Korean artist who lives and works in Berlin, Germany and Seoul, South Korea.

neg: Garri Bardin Garri Yakovlevich Bardin (Russian: Га́рри Я́ковлевич Ба́рдин ; born September 11, 1941) is a Russian animation director, screenwriter and producer and director. During Soviet times he was with Soyuzmultfilm, and in 1991 he founded his own studio, Stayer. In 2010, the studio finished making a feature-length animated film based on "The Ugly Duckling", which Bardin directed.

neg: Viktor Burduk Viktor Burduk (born (1957--) 10, 1957 , Baltiysk, Kaliningrad Oblast, USSR) is a Russian artist. Honoured Artist of Ukraine, director of the Ukrainian Handcrafted Wrought Iron and Forge Company “Hefest”, the head of Ukraine Blacksmiths Art Masters department in Donetsk since 2009, the head of Donbass Blacksmiths Guild, Donetsk representative at the Ring Of The European Cities Of Iron Works and the head of Donbass Darts Association. He is a project author of the Forged Figures Park and hotel “Ispanskiy dvorik” and the participant of Millennium World Exhibition in Hannover in 2000.

neg: Igor Kufayev Igor Anvar Kufayev (Russian: И́горь Анва́р Kу́фаев ; ] ; born January 5, 1966), is a Russian British artist, yogi and spiritual teacher. Also known as 'Vamadeva' (Sanskrit), which means "preserving aspect of Shiva in his peaceful, graceful and poetic form".

neg: Tor Morisse Tor Morisse (10 July 1947 – 17 May 2017) was a Norwegian illustrator, children's writer and comics creator. He was a brother of . For many years he lived and worked in Sweden, where he illustrated around three hundred books. His comics album from 2007, based on the fairytale "The Giant Who Had No Heart in His Body", was nominated for the Sproing Award.

neg: Vladimir Krstić - Laci Vladimir Krstić - Laci (Serbian Cyrillic: Владимир Крстић - Лаци, born February 21, 1959 Niš) is an internationally published Serbian comic-book and graphic novel creator, painter and illustrator.

neg: Yury Buida Yury Vasilyevich Buida (Russian: Юрий Васильевич Буйда ) (born 1954) is a Russian author. He was born in Znamensk in the Kaliningrad region of Russia. In 1994 his novel "The Zero Train" was shortlisted for the Russian Booker Prize. His short story collection "The Prussian Bride" won the Apollon Grigoriev Prize in 1999, and its translation by Oliver Ready won the Rossica Translation Prize in 2005.


query: When did a previous president and chief executive of TNK-BP replace Tony Hayward?

pos: Tony Hayward Anthony Bryan "Tony" Hayward (born 21 May 1957) is a British businessman and former chief executive of oil and energy company BP. He replaced John Browne, Baron Browne of Madingley, on 1 May 2007. His tenure ended on 1 October 2010 when he was replaced by Bob Dudley following the "Deepwater Horizon" oil spill. He has been chairman of Glencore Xstrata since May 2014.

pos: Bob Dudley Robert Warren "Bob" Dudley (born September 14, 1955) is the group chief executive of BP. He had served as president and chief executive of TNK-BP and on June 18, 2010, was assigned to be BP executive in charge of the Gulf Coast Restoration Organization responding to the Deepwater Horizon oil spill.

neg: Keith Padgett Keith Padgett is an English politician who served as Chief Executive of the Falkland Islands from 2012 to 2016. Before his appointed as Chief Executive, Padgett served as the islands' Financial Secretary from 2008, which was renamed Director of Finance with the implementation of the 2009 Constitution. He also acts as Director of Corporate Resources.

neg: Kenneth Nelson (businessman) Ken Nelson (born 23 February 1962) is the chief executive of the social enterprise Local Enterprise Development Company Ltd (LEDCOM), Larne, Northern Ireland. He began his career as a textile technologist. In 2010, he was awarded the Queen's Award for Enterprise Promotion. He has served on the board of governors of Ballymena Academy and on the board of governors of the Northern Regional College. On 15 September 2011 he was one of the experts who provided the Committee for Enterprise, Trade and Investment of the Northern Ireland Assembly with oral briefing on Enterprise NI programmes, Local Enterprise Agencies (LEAs) and procurement.

neg: Bruce Hemphill Jonathan Bruce Hemphill (born June 1963) is a South African businessman. He is the chief executive of Old Mutual, an international long-term savings group and FTSE 100 company, since 1 November 2015, succeeding Julian Roberts.

neg: Chris Kitchen Christian James Ronald Kitchen (born 23 June 1966) is a British trade union leader who has held the position of General Secretary of the National Union of Mineworkers (NUM) since 2007.

neg: Chairul Tanjung Chairul Tanjung (born 16 June 1962) is an Indonesian businessman. He is the former Coordinating Minister for Economics in the Indonesian cabinet. He was appointed to this post by President Susilo Bambang Yudhoyono on 19 May 2014 following the resignation of the previous Coordinating Minister for Economics, Hatta Rajasa, who resigned to take part in Indonesia's 2014 presidential election. In January 2015, he had an estimated net worth of $4.3 billion.

neg: Ian Narev Ian Mark Narev (born April 22, 1967) is the Managing Director and Chief Executive Officer of the Commonwealth Bank Group commencing these roles on 1 December 2011.

neg: Antony Jenkins Antony Peter Jenkins (born 11 July 1961) is a British business executive. Since 2016 he has been the chief executive officer of 10x Future Technologies, which he founded. He was the group chief executive of Barclays from 30 August 2012 until his dismissal on 8 July 2015.

neg: Ian M. Cook Ian M. Cook is a British businessman. He serves as the Chairman, President and Chief Executive Officer of Colgate-Palmolive.

neg: Anthony Tuke Sir Anthony Favill Tuke (22 August 1920 - 2001) was chairman of Barclays Bank from 1973-81 and Rio Tinto Zinc until 1985.

neg: Bill English Simon William "Bill" English (born 30 December 1961) is the 39th Prime Minister of New Zealand and leader of the National Party, having taken office on 12 December 2016. He was previously Deputy Prime Minister from 2008 to 2016.

neg: Kantar TNS Kantar TNS (formerly known as Taylor Nelson Sofres) is a market research and market information group. Formerly listed on the London Stock Exchange and a constituent of the FTSE 250 Index, the firm was acquired by WPP Group in October 2008 for £1.6 billion.

neg: Oman Oil Marketing Company Oman Oil Marketing Company SAOG (omanoil) was launched in October 2003, along with its new brand identity, when Oman Oil Company acquired shares of what was formally known as BP Oman in December 2003. Today, it is the only 100 percent Omani owned fuels marketing company, 49% of which is owned by Oman Oil Company. Other shareholders include Oman Cement Company, BankMuscat and Dhofar International Development and Investment Holding Company. The Chairman of the Board of directors is Salim Abdullah Al Rawas and the Chief Executive Officer is Omar Ahmad Salim Qatan.

neg: Vice President of Liberia The Vice President of the Republic of Liberia is the second-highest executive official in Liberia, and one of only two elected executive offices along with the President. The Vice President is elected on the same ticket with the president to a six-year term. In the event of the death, resignation or removal of the president, the Vice President ascends to the presidency, which he or she holds for the remainder of their predecessor's term. The Vice President also serves as the President of the Senate and may cast a vote in the event of a tie. The current Vice President is Joseph Boakai, serving under President Ellen Johnson Sirleaf. He began his term on January 16, 2006.

neg: British National Party leadership election, 1999 The British National Party (BNP) leadership election of 1999 occurred on 28 September, and was intended to select a new leader for the BNP. It was triggered when Nick Griffin stood against John Tyndall for leadership of the party, after Tyndall had served for 17 years as leader of the party. Griffin won the election with 72.5% of the vote. The election returned a new leader of the BNP, and marked a shift in the party towards a more modern organisation, and with the intent of gaining broader appeal and legitimacy.

neg: Labour Party (UK) leadership election, 2007 The 2007 Labour Party leadership election was formally triggered on 10 May 2007 by the resignation of Tony Blair, Labour Leader since the previous leadership contest on 21 July 1994. At the same time Blair resigned, John Prescott resigned as Deputy Leader triggering a concurrent election for the deputy leadership.

neg: Jonathan Browning (UK businessman) Jonathan Browning (born 21 June 1959) was the president and CEO of Volkswagen Group of America.He stepped down in December 2013 stating personal reasons.

neg: Timothy Villagomez Timothy Pangelinan Villagomez (born September 10, 1962, Saipan) was the Lieutenant Governor of the Northern Mariana Islands who served under Governor Benigno R. Fitial, until his resignation on April 26, 2009. Villagomez took office as Lieutenant Governor on January 9, 2006, after being elected as a ticket during the 2005 gubernatorial election. Villagomez, like Fitial, is a former member of the Republican Party, but is currently a member of the Covenant Party.

neg: Noel Tata Noel Naval Tata (1957) is an Indian businessman, who is the Chairman of Trent Ltd and Managing Director of Tata International. He is also the chairman of Tata Investment Corporation.

neg: Brian McAndrews Brian P. McAndrews is former Chairman, Chief Executive Officer and President of Pandora Media, Inc..

neg: British National Party leadership election, 2015 The British National Party (BNP) leadership election of 2015 was triggered on 19 July 2014 when Nick Griffin stepped down as BNP leader to instead become the organisation's president (he was later expelled from the party and therefore the presidency in October 2014), but was not announced until 29 June 2015. Two candidates stood in the leadership election: Adam Walker (Acting BNP leader since 2014, and previously Deputy Leader of the BNP) and Paul Hilliard (BNP Derbyshire Sub Regional Organiser). On 27 July 2015, the results of the leadership election were announced, with Walker being named the winner by a margin of 378 votes, which translated to a 55.35% margin of victory. Walker had secured 543 votes compared to the 145 votes for Hilliard and the 15 spoiled ballot papers (which equaled 2.19%).


query: Who wrote the music for the video games, which are based on the movies which Alexandre Desplat wrote the musical scores for?

pos: Music of the Harry Potter films The music of the "Harry Potter" film series was recorded and released in conjunction with the post-production and releases of each of the eight corresponding films. The scores were composed by John Williams, Patrick Doyle, Nicholas Hooper, and Alexandre Desplat. Musicians credited with writing source music include Jarvis Cocker, The Ordinary Boys and Nick Cave and the Bad Seeds. Jeremy Soule and James Hannigan wrote the music for the "Harry Potter" video games.

pos: Alexandre Desplat Alexandre Michel Gérard Desplat (] ; born 23 August 1961) is a French film composer. He has won one Academy Award for his soundtrack to the film "The Grand Budapest Hotel", and received seven additional Academy Award nominations, 8 César nominations (winning three), seven BAFTA nominations (winning two), seven Golden Globe Award nominations (winning one), and six Grammy nominations (winning two).

neg: Stéphane Picq Stéphane Picq (born 16 August 1965) is a French composer of video game music, primarily for ERE Informatique/Exxos and Cryo Interactive.

neg: Justin Burnett Justin Caine Burnett (born May 2, 1973) is an American film and video game music composer.

neg: Discography of the Streets of Rage series The "Streets of Rage" series of beat 'em up action video games, released by Sega from 1991 to 1994, are known for their memorable in-game chiptune music, produced by noted video game music composer Yuzo Koshiro. The series has inspired three soundtracks featuring music from the games.

neg: Klaus Badelt Klaus Badelt (born 12 June 1967) is a German film composer, known for his collaborations with Hans Zimmer, helping to write scores for dozens of critically acclaimed films including "The Thin Red Line", "The Prince of Egypt", "Gladiator", and "". Independently, he is known for his work on Hollywood blockbuster films such as "Equilibrium, , Basic," and "TMNT," and for his work in French cinema.

neg: The Rocky Horror Show (video game) The Rocky Horror Show is a video game, based on the musical of the same name, it was developed and published by CRL Group.

neg: Final Fantasy concerts "Final Fantasy" is a media franchise created by Hironobu Sakaguchi and owned by Square Enix that includes video games, motion pictures, and other merchandise. The original Final Fantasy video game, published in 1987, is a role-playing video game developed by Square, spawning a video game series that became the central focus of the franchise. The primary composer of music for the main series was Nobuo Uematsu, who single-handedly composed the soundtracks for the first nine games, as well as directing the production of many of the soundtrack albums. Music for the spin-off series and main series games beginning with "Final Fantasy X" was created by a variety of composers including Masashi Hamauzu, Naoshi Mizuta, Hitoshi Sakimoto, and Kumi Tanioka, as well as many others.

neg: Jeroen Tel Jeroen Godfried Tel (born 19 May 1972), also known as WAVE, is a Dutch composer and video-game pioneer. He is best known for numerous computer game tunes he wrote in the 1980s and early 1990s for the Commodore 64. His most popular compositions appear in the following Commodore 64 games: "Combat Crazy", "Cybernoid", "Cybernoid II", "Dan Dare 3", "Eliminator", "Hawkeye", "", "Nighthunter", "Robocop 3", "Rubicon" (title music), and "Supremacy".

neg: Sean Callery Sean Callery (born 1964) is a film and television composer best known as the composer for the action/drama "24", a TV series for which he also composed three . The first soundtrack, containing music from the first three seasons was released on December 7, 2004. The second soundtrack, containing music from the fourth and fifth seasons was on released on November 14, 2006. The third soundtrack contained all the music composed for the "24" television movie, "". Other projects include the 2004 James Bond video game, "" and the television series "La Femme Nikita" and "Homeland". He also composed the music for "", based on the series, which was created for Sony's PlayStation 2 game console and "", a spin-off/reboot of the original series.

neg: Touken Ranbu: Hanamaru Touken Ranbu: Hanamaru (刀剣乱舞-花丸- ) is an anime television series produced by Doga Kobo, directed by Takashi Naoya and written by Pierre Sugiura, with character designs by Junichiro Taniguchi and music composed by Kenji Kawai. It is based on the video game "Touken Ranbu".

neg: Music of Red Dead Redemption The music for the 2010 action-adventure western video game "Red Dead Redemption", developed by Rockstar San Diego and published by Rockstar Games, was composed by musicians Bill Elm and Woody Jackson. Recorded at Jackson's studio in Los Angeles, the soundtracks were produced by David Holmes. The music was intended to imitate soundtracks of 1960s Western films, such as Ennio Morricone's work on the "Dollars Trilogy". In collaboration with each other, Elm and Jackson produced over fourteen hours of music across fifteen months. The composers used unconventional instruments to create unique sounds, and worked with artists such as Tommy Morgan during production. Four supplementary vocal recordings were also produced for the game.

neg: Les Misérables (2012 film) Les Misérables is a 2012 epic musical drama film directed by Tom Hooper and scripted by William Nicholson, Alain Boublil, Claude-Michel Schönberg, and Herbert Kretzmer, based on the musical of the same name by Boublil and Schönberg which is in turn based on the 1862 French novel by Victor Hugo. The film is a British and American venture produced by Working Title Films and Cameron Mackintosh Ltd. and distributed by Universal Pictures. The film stars an ensemble cast led by Hugh Jackman, Russell Crowe, Anne Hathaway, Samantha Barks, and Amanda Seyfried.

neg: Youssef Guezoum (composer) Youssef Guezoum (born July 31, 1975) is a music composer, orchestrator and conductor based in Los Angeles. He has produced music for television series for NFL-CBS Sport, Immediate Music, Universal Music, Paramount Pictures and Lion's Gate. He has also composed music for actor Jean-Claude Van Damme film, "Full Love". He is the founder of "Soundscore Production", a film music production company in Belgium. He plays guitar, bass and piano. He is also the members of "Oticons film composers agency".

neg: Music of Final Fantasy XIII The music of the video game "Final Fantasy XIII" was composed by Masashi Hamauzu. Former regular series composer Nobuo Uematsu did not contribute any pieces to the soundtrack. Music from the game has been released in several albums. The main soundtrack album, "Final Fantasy XIII Original Soundtrack", was released on four Compact Discs in 2010 by Square Enix, the developers and producers of the game. Selections from the soundtrack have been released on two gramophone record albums, "W/F: Music from Final Fantasy XIII" and "W/F: Music from Final Fantasy XIII Gentle Reveries", both in 2010 by Square Enix. An album of arranged pieces from the soundtrack, "Final Fantasy XIII Original Soundtrack -PLUS-", was also released by Square Enix in 2010, as was an album of piano arrangements, "Piano Collection Final Fantasy XIII". The theme song for the Japanese version of the game, "Kimi ga Iru Kara" (君がいるから , "Because You're Here" ) , was released as a single by For Life Music in 2009.

neg: Asterix at the Olympic Games (film) Asterix at the Olympic Games (French: "Astérix aux Jeux Olympiques" ) is a 2008 French fantasy comedy film directed by Frédéric Forestier and Thomas Langmann, and written by Langmann, Alexandre Charlot, and Frank Magnier, based on characters from René Goscinny and Albert Uderzo's Astérix comic series. It was filmed primarily in Spain over the course of the year 2006.

neg: Tron: Legacy (soundtrack) Tron: Legacy is the soundtrack album to the 2010 , released by Walt Disney Records on December 3, 2010. It is the first film score by French music duo Daft Punk.

neg: Jean-Sébastien Côté Jean-Sébastien Côté is a musician and sound designer based in the Ottawa area, Canada. Originally a percussionist and accompanist for modern dance, he became interested in composing in the early 1990s and began collaborating with various choreographers in Quebec City. Since 1999, he has been working with Canadian director Robert Lepage, designing the sound and / or composing the music for many of his plays like "887, Playing Cards, Needles and Opium," "The Blue Dragon", "The Andersen Project", "The Far Side of the Moon" and "Zulu Time."

neg: Jamie Christopherson Jamie Christopherson is a musician who has contributed scores to a number of popular films and video games, including the movie "", and the games "" and "". He was born in Los Angeles, California in 1975. He received a Bachelor of Arts degree from Vassar College in 1997. While living in Boston soon after his graduation, Christopherson worked as an assistant to local television/film composers. Deciding that he wished to pursue his career further, he received his Master's degree in Music from the University of Miami in 2000. Below are a list of his works:

neg: Alice in Wonderland (2010 video game) Alice in Wonderland is an action-adventure video game published by Disney Interactive Studios. It was announced on July 23, 2009, that a video game based on the film would be released in the same week as the film for the Wii, Nintendo DS, Windows PC and Zeebo, with the soundtrack being composed by video game music composer Richard Jacques. The Wii, DS, and PC versions were released on March 2, 2010.

neg: Dead Space Original Soundtrack The Dead Space Original Soundtrack is the official soundtrack album to the 2008 survival horror video game "Dead Space". Released on November 11, 2008 by Electronic Arts, the album features 17 tracks from the game composed by Jason Graves. The soundtrack was compiled from over three hours of music from the game, performed by the Northwest Sinfonia and the Skywalker Symphony Orchestra and recorded at Bastyr Chapel and Skywalker Sound Scoring Stage in Redwood Shores, California.

neg: Benoît Jutras Benoît Jutras, (born 1963) is a Canadian composer. Jutras is best known for his work with the Canadian entertainment company Cirque du Soleil, first as music director and later as composer for several of the company's contemporary circus shows. Jutras' music often blends eclectic influences, including world beat, classical, rock, trip hop, and electronica. His scores for Cirque du Soleil shows include "O", "Mystère", "Quidam", and "La Nouba". His work outside of Cirque du Soleil has included original soundtracks for "Le Rêve" (a show at the Wynn resort in Las Vegas), the "Glow in the Park Parade" (a nighttime parade at Six Flags theme parks), and "The House of Dancing Water" (a show at the City of Dreams resort in Macau). He has also composed for film and television.


query: What is the profession of Neill Blomkamp and Edward Laemmle?

pos: Neill Blomkamp Neill Blomkamp (] ; born 17 September 1979) is a South African film director, film producer, screenwriter, and animator. Blomkamp employs a documentary-style, hand-held, cinéma vérité technique, blending naturalistic and photo-realistic computer-generated effects. He is best known as the co-writer and director of the critically acclaimed and financially successful science fiction film "District 9", for which he was nominated for the Academy Award for Best Adapted Screenplay. He also directed the dystopian science fiction film "Elysium", which garnered moderately positive reviews and a good box office return. He is also known for his collaborations with South African actor Sharlto Copley. He is based in Vancouver, British Columbia.

pos: Edward Laemmle Edward Laemmle (October 25, 1887 – April 2, 1937) was an American film director of the silent era. He directed 62 films between 1920 and 1935.

neg: Thorsten Laewe Thor Laewe is a composer, producer and sound-designer. He is also known for his work as a recording and mixing engineer.

neg: Erik Blomberg (writer) "Erik" Axel Blomberg (17 August 1894 – 8 April 1965) was a Swedish poet, translator and critic.

neg: Edward Warde Edward Coughlan Warde (c. 1862 – 10 November 1925) was an Australian politician.

neg: Edward J. Lofgren Edward Joseph Lofgren (January 18, 1914 – September 6, 2016) was an American physicist in the early days of nuclear physics and elementary particle research at the Lawrence Berkeley Laboratory (LBL). He was born in Chicago. He was an important figure in the breakthroughs that followed the creation of the Bevatron, of which he was the director for a time.

neg: Jon Frode Blichfeldt Jon Frode Blichfeldt (born June 24, 1944 in Oslo) is a Norwegian Professor Emerius of Education and Psychology.

neg: Edward Primrose Edward Primrose is an Australian composer, writer, and musical dramaturge. He has conducted opera ("Il Trovatore", "The Magic Flute", "La Belle Héléne") and orchestral recordings (Sydney & Melbourne Symphony Orchestras).

neg: Erich Fromm Erich Seligmann Fromm (] ; March 23, 1900 – March 18, 1980) was a German social psychologist, psychoanalyst, sociologist, humanistic philosopher, and democratic socialist. He was one of Founders of The William Allison White Institute of Psychiatry, Psychoanalysis and Psychology in New York City and was associated with the Frankfurt School of critical theory.

neg: Oded Schramm Oded Schramm (Hebrew: עודד שרם  ; December 10, 1961 – September 1, 2008) was an Israeli-American mathematician known for the invention of the Schramm–Loewner evolution (SLE) and for working at the intersection of conformal field theory and probability theory.

neg: Lew Rockwell Llewellyn Harrison "Lew" Rockwell Jr. (born July 1, 1944) is an American author, editor, and political consultant. A libertarian and a self-professed anarcho-capitalist, he founded (and is chairman of) the Ludwig von Mises Institute, a non-profit dedicated to promoting the Austrian School of economics. He also started a website in 1999, LewRockwell.com, that features articles and blog entries by a number of right-wing libertarian columnists and writers.

neg: Kenneth Blom Kenneth Blom (born 1967) is a contemporary Norwegian painter, whose work is characterized by a blend of architectural and figurative elements. He lives and works in Oslo, Norway.

neg: Bartlett Cormack Edward Bartlett Cormack (March 19, 1898 - September 26, 1942) was an American actor, playwright, screenwriter, and producer best known for his 1927 Broadway play "The Racket", and for working with Howard Hughes and Cecil B. DeMille on several films.

neg: Eugene Chaplin Eugene Anthony Chaplin (born August 23, 1953) is a Swiss recording engineer and documentary filmmaker. He is the fifth child of Oona O'Neill and Charlie Chaplin, the grandson of playwright Eugene O'Neill, and the father of Kiera Chaplin.

neg: Melville Edelstein Dr Melville Leonard Edelstein (1919June 16, 1976) was born to Nachum and Rose Edelstein in King William's Town. His Litvak parents had first travelled to the UK and then Cape Town in 1896 before joining the masses of "boere-Jode" [Afrikaner or farmer Jews] where his parents had settled and Nachum started and ran a successful business.

neg: Edward Blum (architect) Edward Blum (1867–1944) was an architect, born in Paris, France who, with his brother George, designed apartment and office buildings, most of which are in New York City.

neg: Edward J. Lakso Edward Joseph Lakso (September 20, 1932 – May 23, 2009), usually known as Edward J. Lakso and sometimes mis-credited as Edward J. Lasko, was an American screenwriter, producer, and composer, known for his work on series such as "", "Planet of the Apes", "Charlie's Angels and "Combat!.

neg: Edward S. Feldman Edward S. Feldman (born September 5, 1929) is an American film and television producer.

neg: Edward Lazansky Edward Lazansky (December 9, 1872 in Brooklyn, Kings County, New York – September 12, 1955 in Southampton, Suffolk County, New York) was an American lawyer and politician.

neg: Eline Jongsma Eline Jongsma is a Dutch film director and artist. She is one half of the award-winning filmmaking duo Jongsma + O’Neill alongside Kel O’Neill.

neg: Morton Gottlieb Morton Edgar Gottlieb (May 2, 1921 – June 25, 2009) was an American producer of Broadway theatre whose play "Sleuth" won the Tony Award for Best Play in 1971, in addition to three of his other plays that were nominated for the same award.

neg: Edward Valentine Blomfield Edward Valentine Blomfield (14 February 1788 – 9 October 1816) was an English classical scholar and brother of Bishop Charles James Blomfield.


query: O'Farrell Community School was mention in a book published in what year?

pos: O'Farrell Community School O'Farrell Community School or The O'Farrell Charter School (CDE official name) commonly referred to as O'Farrell is a charter school in the Southeast San Diego neighborhood of Encanto serving grades K-12 in the K-12 American education system. The school opened its doors in the San Diego Unified School District in 1959 with its name chosen in 1957 as Mabel E. O'Farrell Jr. High. It was voted to become a charter school in 1994. President Bill Clinton made a visit to San Diego in 1995 to sign the "Goals 2000" education bill and to visit O'Farrell because it was charter. It was also mentioned in Hillary Clinton's book It Takes a Village. It has a code of conduct of how to become a good citizen called "The Falcon Way", of Focus, Attitude, Leadership Citizenship, Organization, and Non-Violience, that is indoctrinated per student. Instead of being called principal, faculty and students refer to the educational leader as the "Chief Educational Officer" (CEO). The large conspicuous mural in front of the school on the side of the Theatre was a tribute to a faculty member by the nickname "Animal" who died. The mural was painted by students.

pos: It Takes a Village It Takes a Village: And Other Lessons Children Teach Us is a book published in 1996 by First Lady of the United States Hillary Rodham Clinton. In it, Clinton presents her vision for the children of America. She focuses on the impact individuals and groups outside the family have, for better or worse, on a child's well-being, and advocates a society which meets all of a child's needs.

neg: Grits (novel) Grits is the debut novel by British author Niall Griffiths, published in 2000 by Jonathan Cape. Set in and around Aberystwyth and concerning promiscuity, drugs, alcohol, and petty crime it gained for its author, who lives and works in the town the dubious honorific "the Welsh Irvine Welsh". The novel is largely autobiographical, Griffiths moved to Aberystwyth to research a PhD in post-war British poetry but soon became, as he puts it, an "enthusiastic participator in parties" and dropped out of his studies.

neg: The Third Policeman The Third Policeman is a novel by Irish writer Brian O'Nolan, writing under the pseudonym Flann O'Brien. It was written between 1939 and 1940, but after it initially failed to find a publisher, the author withdrew the manuscript from circulation and claimed he had lost it. The book remained unpublished at the time of his death in 1966. It was published by MacGibbon & Kee in 1967.

neg: Ursula O'Farrell Ursula O'Farrell, née Cussen, born 1934 in Newcastle West, Co. Limerick, Ireland, is an author and lecturer on the topic of counselling, and has worked for over 35 years as a counsellor.

neg: The Butcher Boy (novel) The Butcher Boy is a 1992 novel by Patrick McCabe. Set in a small town in Ireland in the early 1960s, it tells the story of Francis "Francie" Brady, a schoolboy who retreats into a violent fantasy world as his troubled home life collapses.

neg: Massachusetts Children's Book Award The Massachusetts Children's Book Award is an annual literary award recognizing one book selected by vote of Massachusetts schoolchildren from a list prepared by committee. It was established in 1975 by Dr. Helen Constant, associate professor of education at Salem State College, and it continues to be sponsored by the School of Education at Salem State University. The purpose is to help maintain interest in reading among children in the "intermediate grades".

neg: Patrick O'Sullivan (author) Patrick O'Sullivan is an Irish-British scholar and author of major works in the field of Military geography. He is the author of the oft-cited texts "The Geography of Warfare" and "The Geography of War in the Post-Cold War World". Though the former was published in 1983 and the latter in 2001, these works remain the seminal texts of Military geography from a civilian publisher, due in large part to the present lack of interest in the subfield among geographers, aside from a small handful who critique militarization through critical theory. In his 1986 book "Geopolitics", Patrick O'Sullivan makes a geographically-based case against the proliferation of nuclear weapons during the Cold War, arguing that nuclear weapons pose a threat largely because they reduce the significance of both physical distance and national borders, which would otherwise function as a deterrent to the likelihood of direct military engagement. Patrick O'Sullivan is also known to a lesser extent for his work on the social scientific study of railway transportation in Britain as well as an autoethnographic Cultural Geography essay discussing the relevance of expatriate identity. Starting in 1994, he taught at Florida State University, and now holds the status of professor emeritus. His academic writing incorporates elements of a regional geography focus with aspects of behavioral geography, and often takes a similarly explanatory and analytical approach to the Realist school of International Relations' focus on the behavior and motivations of states, though from a more geopolitical angle and with a greater focus on the decisions of individual leaders. Unlike many other authors and scholars of human geography, his work is not as overtly hostile to environmental determinism or environmental possibilism.

neg: Cuss Control Cuss Control: The Complete Book on How to Curb Your Cursing is a self-help book on how to curb swearing written by James V. O'Connor in 2000. O'Connor, who also founded the Cuss Control Academy of Northbrook, Illinois in 1998, has gained a reputation as a swearing expert and the book has been featured and reviewed in hundreds of media outlets, including "TIME Magazine", "The Oprah Winfrey Show", "The New York Times", "The View", and "The O'Reilly Factor".

neg: Patrick O'Farrell Patrick O'Farrell (1933 – 25 December 2003) was an historian known for his histories of Roman Catholicism in Australia, Irish history and Irish Australian history. He was born into an Irish Catholic family in Greymouth, New Zealand, and was educated at the Marist Brothers High School, Greymouth, and at the University of Canterbury, where he received both a Bachelor's and a Master's degree in History. Having moved to Australia in 1956, he received a PhD from the Australian National University. He was Professor of History at the University of New South Wales from 1972 till his retirement in 1990, thereafter Emeritus Professor.

neg: The Student as Nigger The Student as Nigger is the title of an essay and subsequent book by American educator Jerry Farber.

neg: The Great Gilly Hopkins The Great Gilly Hopkins is a realistic children's novel by Katherine Paterson. It was published by Crowell in 1978 and it won the U.S. National Book Award next year. In 2012 it was ranked number 63 among all-time children's novels in a survey published by "School Library Journal" – the third of three books by Paterson in the top 100.

neg: Speak (Anderson novel) Speak, published in 1999, is a young adult novel by Laurie Halse Anderson that tells the story of high school freshman Melinda Sordino. After accidentally busting an end-of-summer party due to an unnamed incident, Melinda is ostracized by her peers because she will not say why she called the police. Unable to verbalize what happened, Melinda nearly stops speaking altogether, expressing her voice through the art she produces for Mr. Freeman's class. This expression slowly helps Melinda acknowledge what happened, face her problems, and recreate her identity.

neg: What Was Lost What Was Lost is the 2007 début novel by Catherine O'Flynn. The novel is about a girl who goes missing in a shopping centre in 1984, and the people who try to discover what happened to her twenty years later. "What Was Lost" won the First Novel Award at the 2007 Costa Book Awards, and was short-listed for the overall Costa Book of the Year Award.

neg: Arthur Farrell Arthur "Art" Farrell (February 8, 1877 – February 7, 1909) was a Canadian professional ice hockey player, author and businessman. Farrell played for St. Mary's College in the 1890s and later the Montreal Shamrocks in the Amateur Hockey Association of Canada (AHAC) and Canadian Amateur Hockey League (CAHL). Born in Montreal, Quebec, Farrell helped lead the Shamrocks to Stanley Cup victories in 1899 and 1900.

neg: At Swim-Two-Birds At Swim-Two-Birds is a 1939 novel by Irish writer Brian O'Nolan, writing under the pseudonym Flann O'Brien. It is widely considered to be O'Brien's masterpiece, and one of the most sophisticated examples of metafiction.

neg: Pillars of the Republic Pillars of the Republic is history book on the origins of the American common schools written by Carl Kaestle and published by Hill & Wang in 1983.

neg: Lagniappe (yearbook) Lagniappe is Louisiana Tech's official student yearbook. The Lagniappe, which literally means "something extra" was first published in 1905 and has been published every year since except for 1913–1921 and 1926. The yearbook's annual release date is around the last week of the regular school year in the middle of May. The Lagniappe was recognized in May 2011 as "First Class" by the Associated Collegiate Press and as one of the top 2 percent of high school and collegiate yearbooks by Balfour Publishing's "The Yearbook's Yearbook". Mary May Brown, the recently retired faculty adviser of the Lagniappe for 23 years was named the Collegiate Publications Adviser of the Year by the Louisiana Press Women in 2011.

neg: Sky Island Sky Island: Being the Further Adventures of Trot and Cap'n Bill after Their Visit to the Sea Fairies is a children's fantasy novel written by L. Frank Baum, illustrated by John R. Neill, and published in 1912 by the Reilly & Britton Company—the same constellation of forces that produced the Oz books in the first decades of the twentieth century.

neg: The Bluest Eye The Bluest Eye was written by Toni Morrison in 1970. Morrison, a single mother of two sons, wrote the novel while she taught at Howard University. She centered the story around a young African American girl named Pecola who grows up during the years following the Great Depression in Lorain, Ohio. Because of her dark skin color, Pecola gets taunted for her appearance as the members of her community associate beauty with "whiteness". She ultimately develops an inferiority complex, which fuels her desire for blue eyes. The point of view switches between the perspective of Claudia MacTeer, the daughter of Pecola's foster parents, and multiple third-person limited viewpoints. Due to the controversial issues the book raises such as racism, incest, and child molestation, there have been numerous attempts to ban it from schools and libraries.

neg: Bishop O'Dowd High School Bishop O'Dowd High School is a Catholic, co-educational, college preparatory school in Oakland, California, administered by the Roman Catholic Diocese of Oakland and named for the late auxiliary Bishop of the Archdiocese of San Francisco, James T. O'Dowd (1907–1950). The school requires all students to attend school liturgies (Catholic Mass and prayer services), to enroll in religious studies courses each semester, and to complete its 4-year service learning program. O’Dowd is a Catholic high school community of 1,186 students. The school has 125 faculty and staff members and more than 80 part-time coaches, teachers and moderators.

neg: Teacher Man Teacher Man is a 2005 memoir written by Frank McCourt which describes and reflects on his teaching experiences in New York high schools and colleges. It is in continuation to his earlier two memoirs, "Angela's Ashes" and "'Tis".


query: What compound, known as aqua fortis or spirit of niter is used in rocket propellant?

pos: Able (rocket stage) Able rocket stage was a rocket stage manufactured in the United States by Aerojet for the Vanguard rockets used in the Vanguard project from 1957 to 1959. The rocket engine stage use as a rocket propellant Nitric acid and UDMH. Able rocket stage was the second of three stages on the multistage rocket Vanguard. The Able rocket stage was discontinued in 1960. A further improved versions were used in the upper stage in the Thor rocket family (Thor-Able). An upgrade to the Able Stage was the Thor-Ablestar rocket. The Ablestar second stage was an enlarged version of the Able rocket stage, which gave the Thor-Ablestar a greater payload capacity compared to the Thor-Able. It also incorporated restart capabilities, allowing a multiple-burn trajectory to be flown, further increasing payload, or allowing the rocket to reach different orbits. It was the first rocket to be developed with such a capability and development of the stage took a mere eight months.

pos: Nitric acid Nitric acid (HNO), also known as aqua fortis and spirit of niter, is a highly corrosive mineral acid.

neg: Pentolite Pentolite is a composite high explosive used for military and civilian purposes, e.g., warheads and booster charges. It is made of PETN phlegmatized with TNT by melt casting.

neg: Aluminium sulfacetate Aluminium sulfacetate is a chemical compound of aluminium with formula Al2SO4(CH3CO2)4 . It is a double salt of aluminium sulfate and aluminium acetate. It can be used as a mordant, which is a substance used to set dyes on fabrics that typically contains a polyvalent metal ion like aluminium or iron, In mixtures with basic aluminium diacetate or aluminium sulfacetate, aluminium triacetate has been used as a mordant with alizarin dye. In 1899, Albert Ganswindt recommended that the use of impure sulfacetates that are empyreumatic liquids "should be abandoned" in favour of pure preparations. Empyreuma is an obsolete chemical and medical term referring to "the smell and taste associated with burning vegetable and animal matter", and likely results in this case from the use of pyroligneous acid (wood acid) or wood acid lime in the preparation of the mordant.

neg: Potassium superoxide Potassium superoxide is the inorganic compound with the formula KO2 . It is a yellow paramagnetic solid that decomposes in moist air. It is a rare example of a stable salt of the superoxide ion. Potassium superoxide is used as a CO2 scrubber, H2O dehumidifier and O2 generator in rebreathers, spacecraft, submarines and spacesuit life support systems.

neg: Lithium nitrite Lithium nitrite is the lithium salt of nitrous acid, with formula LiNO. This compound is hygroscopic and very soluble in water. It is used as a corrosion inhibitor in mortar. It is also used in the production of explosives, due to its ability to nitrosate ketones under certain conditions.

neg: Nitrosyl chloride Nitrosyl chloride is the chemical compound with the formula NOCl. It is a yellow gas that is most commonly encountered as a decomposition product of aqua regia, a mixture of hydrochloric acid and nitric acid. It is a strong electrophile and oxidizing agent.

neg: Galinstan Galinstan is a commercial liquid metal alloy whose composition is taken from a family of eutectic alloys mainly consisting of gallium, indium, and tin. Such eutectic alloys are liquids at room temperature, typically melting at -19 °C . Due to the low toxicity and low reactivity of its component metals, Galinstan finds use as a replacement for many applications that previously employed the toxic liquid mercury or the reactive NaK (sodium–potassium alloy). An example of a typical eutectic composition is 68 wt% Ga, 22 wt% In and 10 wt% Sn, though it varies between 62 wt% and 95 wt% Ga, 5 wt% and 22 wt% In, 0 wt% and 16 wt% Sn, while keeping eutectic ability. The marketing name is a portmanteau of gallium, indium, and stannum (Latin for "tin"). Galinstan is a registered trademark of the German company Geratherm Medical AG. The exact composition of Galinstan is not publicly known.

neg: Titanium(III) iodide Titanium(III) iodide is an inorganic compound with the formula TiI. It is a dark violet solid that is insoluble in solvents, except upon decomposition.

neg: C-Stoff C-Stoff ("C substance") was a reductant used in bipropellant rocket fuels (as a fuel itself) developed by Hellmuth Walter Kommanditgesellschaft in Germany during World War II. It was developed for use with T-Stoff (a high test peroxide), as an oxidizer, which together with C-Stoff as the fuel, forms a hypergolic mixture.

neg: Nitramex and Nitramon Explosives Nitramex and Nitramon Explosives are compositions of various chemical compounds. They are explosives based on ammonium nitrate, with other ingredients such as paraffin wax, aluminum and dinitrotoluene. The inclusion of these additional ingredients creates a more stable explosive. Nitramex and Nitramon have in modern times been replaced by more advanced high explosives based on ammonium nitrate, such as ANFO.

neg: Antimatter rocket An antimatter rocket is a proposed class of rockets that use antimatter as their power source. There are several designs that attempt to accomplish this goal. The advantage to this class of rocket is that a large fraction of the rest mass of a matter/antimatter mixture may be converted to energy, allowing antimatter rockets to have a far higher energy density and specific impulse than any other proposed class of rocket.

neg: Ammonium acetate Ammonium acetate, also known as spirit of Mindererus in aqueous solution, is a chemical compound with the formula NHCHCO. It is a white, hygroscopic solid and can be derived from the reaction of ammonia and acetic acid. It is available commercially.

neg: Rocket propellant Rocket propellant is either a high oxygen containing fuel or a mixture of fuel plus oxidant, whose combustion takes place, in a definite and controlled manner with the evolution of a huge volume of gas. In the rocket engine, the propellant is burnt in the combustion chamber and the hot jet of gases (usually at very high pressures, with combustion temperatures approaching 3000K) escapes through the nozzle at very high velocity.

neg: Napier Scorpion The Napier Scorpion was a British liquid-fuelled rocket engine developed and manufactured by Napier. It used hydrogen peroxide / kerosene propellant chemistry.

neg: Anthony Zuppero Anthony Zuppero is an American nuclear scientist who is noted for his work in nuclear thermal rockets using water as the propellant.

neg: Nike (rocket stage) The Nike stage or Nike booster, a solid fuel rocket motor, was created by the predecessor of Thiokol.

neg: Nitrosylsulfuric acid Nitrosylsulfuric acid is the chemical compound with the formula NOHSO. It is a colourless solid that is used industrially in the production of caprolactam, and was formerly part of the lead chamber process for producing sulfuric acid.

neg: Nitratine Nitratine or nitratite, also known as "cubic niter" (UK: "nitre"), "soda niter" or "Chile saltpeter" (UK: "Chile saltpetre"), is a mineral, the naturally occurring form of sodium nitrate, NaNO. Chemically it is the sodium analogue of saltpeter. Nitratine crystallizes in the trigonal system, but rarely occurs as well formed crystals. It is isostructural with calcite. It is quite soft and light with a Mohs hardness of 1.5 to 2 and a specific gravity of 2.24 to 2.29. Its refractive indices are nω=1.587 and nε=1.336.

neg: Aquanaut An aquanaut is any person who remains underwater, breathing at the ambient pressure for long enough for the concentration of the inert components of the breathing gas dissolved in the body tissues to reach equilibrium, in a state known as saturation. Usually this is done in an underwater habitat on the seafloor for a period equal to or greater than 24 continuous hours without returning to the surface. The term is often restricted to scientists and academics, though there were a group of military aquanauts during the SEALAB program. Commercial Divers in similar circumstances are referred to as Saturation Divers. An aquanaut is distinct from a submariner, in that a submariner is confined to a moving underwater vehicle such as a submarine that holds the water pressure out. Aquanaut derives from the Latin word "aqua" ("water") plus the Greek "nautes" ("sailor"), by analogy to the similar construction "astronaut".

neg: Ad Astra Rocket Company The Ad Astra Rocket Company is an American rocket propulsion company dedicated to the development of advanced plasma rocket propulsion technology. Located in Webster, Texas, three miles away from NASA's Johnson Space Center, the company was incorporated on January 14, 2005. The President and CEO of Ad Astra Rocket Company is retired astronaut, Dr. Franklin Chang Díaz. The company has been working on Chang Díaz's concept of the Variable Specific Impulse Magnetoplasma Rocket, known by its acronym VASIMR. The VASIMR is intended to achieve several advantages over current chemical rocket designs, including lunar cargo transport, in-space refueling, and ultra-high speeds for distant space missions.

neg: Niter Niter, or nitre (chiefly British), is the mineral form of potassium nitrate, KNO, also known as saltpeter or saltpetre. Historically, the term "niter" was not well differentiated from natron, both of which have been very vaguely defined but generally refer to compounds of sodium or potassium joined with carbonate or nitrate ions. Three related minerals are soda niter (sodium nitrate), ammonia niter (ammonium nitrate), and strontium nitrate. Niter was used to refer specifically to nitrated salts known as various types of saltpeter (only nitrated salts were good for making gunpowder) by the time niter and its derivative nitric acid were first used to name the element nitrogen, in 1790.