query: What plant genus, Kigelia or Rumohra, occurs throughout tropical Africa?

pos: Kigelia Kigelia is a genus of flowering plants in the family Bignoniaceae. The genus comprises only one species, Kigelia africana, which occurs throughout tropical Africa from Eritrea and Chad south to northern South Africa, and west to Senegal and Namibia. The Kigelia grows a fruit that grows up to 2 feet long, weighs about 15 lbs, and looks like sausage.

pos: Rumohra Rumohra is a genus of ferns in the family Dryopteridaceae.

neg: Pygeum (plant) Pygeum is a genus consisting of tropical trees or shrubs limited to tropical Africa, South & South-east Asia, Northeastern Australia, New Guinea and some Pacific Islands.

neg: Alchornea floribunda Alchornea floribunda is a plant native to Sudan, Uganda, Cameroon, Central African Republic, the Republic of Congo, Equatorial Guinea (incl. Bioko), Gabon, São Tomé and Príncipe, the Democratic Republic of Congo, Côte d'Ivoire, Ghana, Guinea, Liberia, Nigeria and Sierra Leone. The plant is locally known as "Niando".

neg: Rothmannia macrosiphon Rothmannia macrosiphon is a species of plant in the Rubiaceae family. It is found in Kenya and Tanzania.

neg: Grewia robusta Grewia robusta Burch. is a multi-stemmed shrub or small tree, up to 3 m high, endemic to the semi-desert Karoo of South Africa, and very similar to "Grewia occidentalis". It is one of some 325 species of "Grewia" in the family Malvaceae, and having a tropical African, Asian and Australian distribution. It is found in the arid regions of the Karoo and Eastern Cape, and generally prefers growing among dry scrub on rocky hillsides.

neg: Kōwhai Kōwhai (] or ] ) are small woody legume trees within the genus "Sophora" that are native to New Zealand. There are eight species, with "Sophora microphylla" and "S. tetraptera" being the most recognised as large trees. Their natural habitat is beside streams and on the edges of forest, in lowland or mountain open areas. Kōwhai trees grow throughout the country and are a common feature in New Zealand gardens. Outside of New Zealand, kōwhai tend to be restricted to mild temperate maritime climates.

neg: Burchellia Burchellia is a monotypic genus of flowering plants in the Rubiaceae family. The genus contains only one species, viz. "Burchellia bubalina", which is endemic to southern Africa: the Cape Provinces, KwaZulu-Natal and the Northern Provinces in South Africa, and Swaziland. It is commonly known as "wild pomegranate" (English) or "wildegranaat" (Afrikaans).

neg: Flora of Tropical East Africa The Flora of Tropical East Africa (FTEA) is a catalogue of all 12,104 known wild plant species in Uganda, Kenya, and Tanzania. The project began in 1948 and was finally completed in September 2012. Approximately 1,500 new plant species were described, by 135 botanists from 21 countries.

neg: Cyanthillium Cyanthillium is a genus of tropical plants in the ironweed tribe within the sunflower family.

neg: Rumu language Rumu (Rumuwa), or Kairi (Kai-Iri), is a Papuan language of Papua New Guinea. Other names for it are "Dumu (Tumu)" and "Kibiri".

neg: Serruria Serruria is a genus of flowering plants in the family Proteaceae, endemic to South Africa.

neg: Catunaregam Catunaregam is a genus of flowering plants in the Rubiaceae family, native to tropical Africa and tropical Southeast Asia.

neg: Afzelia Afzelia is a genus in family Fabaceae (legumes). The thirteen species all are trees, native to tropical Africa or Asia.

neg: Mesogyne Mesogyne is a genus of plant in family Moraceae (Mulberry). The genus is found in east Africa.

neg: Afrobrunnichia Afrobrunnichia is a genus of plants in the family Polygonaceae with two species in West Africa.

neg: Myrsine Myrsine is a genus of flowering plants in the family Primulaceae. It was formerly placed in the family Myrsinaceae before this was merged into the Primulaceae. It is found nearly worldwide, primarily in tropical and subtropical areas. It contains about 200 species, including several notable radiations, such as the matipo of New Zealand and the kōlea of Hawaiʻ i (the New Zealand "black matipo", "Pittosporum tenuifolium", is not related to "Myrsine"). In the United States, members of this genus are known as colicwood. Some species, especially "M. africana", are grown as ornamental shrubs.

neg: Saba comorensis Saba comorensis, the bungo fruit (pl. mabungo), mbungo, or rubber vine is a plant, which is widespread across most of tropical Africa as well as in Madagascar and Comoros. It grows in Tanzania, for example on the islands of Pemba and Zanzibar in the Indian Ocean. The species belongs to the genus "Saba" from the Apocynaceae family. The fruit looks similar to an orange with a hard orange peel but when opened it contains a dozen or so pips, which have the same texture as a mango seed with the fibres and juices all locked in these fibres.

neg: Rauvolfia Rauvolfia (sometimes spelled "Rauwolfia") is a genus of evergreen trees and shrubs in the dogbane family, Apocynaceae. The genus is named to honor Leonhard Rauwolf. The genus can mainly be found in tropical regions of Africa, Asia, Latin America, and various oceanic islands.

neg: Kewa (plant) Kewa is a genus of flowering plants, consisting of eight species of succulent sub-woody plants, native to eastern and southern Africa, including Saint Helena and Madagascar. These are small shrubs or herbs that form cushions and have edible, acid-tasting leaves. "Kewa" is the only genus in the family Kewaceae.

neg: Sladeniaceae Sladeniaceae is a family of flowering plants containing tree species found in subtropical to tropical environments in East Africa ("Ficalhoa"), Burma, Yunnan, and Thailand ("Sladenia"). The family consists of trees with alternate, simple leaves without stipules, and flowers arranged in cymose inflorescences.

neg: Neoregelia Neoregelia is a genus of flowering plants in the bromeliad family Bromeliaceae, subfamily Bromelioideae, native to South American rainforests. The genus name is for Eduard August von Regel, Director of St. Petersburg Botanic Gardens in Russia (1815–1892).


query: Which star of The Bad Batch is born in 1992?

pos: The Bad Batch The Bad Batch is a 2016 American romantic drama horror-thriller film directed and written by Ana Lily Amirpour. The film stars Suki Waterhouse, Jason Momoa, Giovanni Ribisi, Jim Carrey and Keanu Reeves. Principal photography began on April 8, 2015 in Los Angeles.

pos: Suki Waterhouse Alice Suki Waterhouse (born 5 January 1992) is an English actress, model and entrepreneur.

neg: Bad Company (1992 film) Bad Company is a 1992 crime drama film written directed by Julian Richards. It stars Caroline Berry and Sean Carlsen.

neg: José Ramón Barreto José Ramón Barreto (born August 2, 1992 in Caracas, Venezuela), is a Venezuela actor and singer.

neg: Logan Miller Logan Miller (born February 18, 1992) is an American actor.

neg: Cameron Bright Cameron Bright (born Cameron Douglas Crigger; January 26, 1993) is a Canadian actor. He has appeared in the films "The Butterfly Effect", "Godsend", "Birth", "Running Scared", "Ultraviolet", "", "Thank You for Smoking" and four installments of "The Twilight Saga".

neg: Benjamin Kerfoot Ben Kerfoot (born 5 August 1992, Godalming, Surrey) is an English actor best known for playing Oscar Cole in the CBBC Series "M.I. High", and as Malachite in the Channel 5 TV drama series "The Secret of Eel Island".

neg: Jake Batchelor Jake Batchelor (born 13 February 1992) is an Australian rules footballer who plays for the Richmond Football Club in the Australian Football League (AFL).

neg: The Bad Girl's Guide The Bad Girl's Guide is an American television sitcom starring Jenny McCarthy, Marcelle Larice, Christina Moore, Stephanie Childers, and Johnathan McClain. The series aired on UPN from May 24, 2005, to July 5, 2005.

neg: Han Groo Han Groo (born Min Han-groo on May 29, 1992) is a South Korean actress and singer.

neg: Wen Chen-ling Wen Chen-ling (born October 23, 1992) is a Taiwanese actress.

neg: Bad Words (film) Bad Words is a 2013 American black comedy film directed by Jason Bateman and written by Andrew Dodge. Marking Bateman's directorial debut, the film stars Bateman as a middle-aged eighth grade dropout who enters the National Golden Quill Spelling Bee through a loophole. It also stars Kathryn Hahn, Rohan Chand, Ben Falcone, Philip Baker Hall, and Allison Janney.

neg: Danielle Harold Danielle Amy Louise Harold (born 30 May 1992) is an English actress, best known for her role as Lola Pearce in the BBC soap opera "EastEnders".

neg: Ashley Rickards Ashley Nicole Rickards (born May 4, 1992) is an American actress, known for her role as Jenna Hamilton in the MTV comedy-drama series "Awkward", and as Samantha "Sam" Walker, a troubled young girl in The CW's teen drama series "One Tree Hill". She also starred in the 2011 independent drama film "Fly Away" as Mandy, a severely autistic girl.

neg: Bruna Linzmeyer Bruna Linzmeyer (born November 11, 1992) is a Brazilian actress.

neg: Charles Baker (actor) Charles Edward Baker (born February 27, 1971) is an American actor, writer, and director. He is known for playing Skinny Pete on the AMC series "Breaking Bad", and currently has a recurring role on the NBC series "The Blacklist".

neg: Anna Baryshnikov Anna Katerina Baryshnikov (born May 22, 1992) is an American actress. She had her breakout role as Sandy in the 2016 film "Manchester by the Sea". Since February 2017, she has starred in the CBS sitcom "Superior Donuts".

neg: Cattive ragazze Cattive ragazze (translated: Bad Girls) is 1992 film directed by Marina Ripa Di Meana. It was produced by Alberto Tarallo and Achille Manzotti and starred Eva Grimaldi, Brando Giorgi, Burt Young and Anita Ekberg. The film was released in the cinema circuit Italian 15 August 1992. Eva Grimaldi stars as a recently divorced woman falling in love with a male stripper. The production received bad publicity, as it was made using money from the country's Ministry of Cultural Heritage and Activities.

neg: Mac (film) Mac is a 1992 American drama film co-written and directed by John Turturro, in his directorial debut. It stars Turturro alongside Michael Badalucco, Katherine Borowitz, Carl Capotorto, Nicholas Turturro and Ellen Barkin. It won the Caméra d'Or award at the 1992 Cannes Film Festival and was nominated for an Independent Spirit Award.

neg: Blake Jenner Blake Alexander Jenner (born August 27, 1992) is an American actor and singer. He is best known for winning the second season of the Oxygen reality competition series "The Glee Project" and his portrayal of Ryder Lynn in the Fox musical comedy-drama series "Glee". In 2016, he had the lead role in the Richard Linklater film "Everybody Wants Some!!" and appeared in the coming-of-age "The Edge of Seventeen".

neg: Sai Pallavi Sai Pallavi (born 9 May 1992) is an Indian film actress who works in Malayalam, Telugu and Tamil films.

neg: Spencer Breslin Spencer Breslin (born May 18, 1992) is an American actor and musician. He is the older brother of actress Abigail Breslin.


query: The university that Karen Luker is from was formed in what year?

pos: Health & Social Care in the Community Health & Social Care in the Community is a bimonthly peer-reviewed academic journal covering all aspects community health, health care, and social work. It was established in 1993 and is published by John Wiley & Sons. The editor-in-chief is Karen Luker (University of Manchester). According to the "Journal Citation Reports", the journal has a 2016 impact factor of 2.047, ranking it 6th out of 42 journals in the category "Social Work".

pos: University of Manchester The University of Manchester is a public research university in Manchester, England, formed in 2004 by the merger of the University of Manchester Institute of Science and Technology and the Victoria University of Manchester. The University of Manchester is a red brick university, a product of the civic university movement of the late-19th century.

neg: Loughborough University Loughborough University (abbreviated as Lough for post-nominals) is a public research university located in the market town of Loughborough, Leicestershire, in the East Midlands of England. It has been a university since 1966, but the institution dates back to 1909, when the then Loughborough Technical Institute began with a focus on skills and knowledge which would be directly applicable in the wider world. In March 2013, the university announced it had acquired the former broadcast centre at the Queen Elizabeth Olympic Park which opened as a second campus in 2015. It was a member of the 1994 Group until the group was dissolved in November 2013.

neg: Worcester State University Worcester State University is an American liberal arts and sciences university located in Worcester, Massachusetts.

neg: Union University Union University is a private, evangelical Christian, liberal arts university located in Jackson, Tennessee, with additional campuses in Germantown and Hendersonville. The university is affiliated with the Tennessee Baptist Convention and relates to the Southern Baptist Convention.

neg: American University The American University (AU or American) is a private research university in Washington, D.C., United States; its main campus is located near Ward Circle in the northwest portion of the District of Columbia. In the late 18th century, George Washington had written about wanting a "national university" to be established in the nation's capital, but it took almost a century for that dream to be established. The university was chartered by an Act of Congress on February 24, 1893, as "The American University", when the bill was approved by President Benjamin Harrison.

neg: University of Sioux Falls Founded in 1883, the University of Sioux Falls (USF) is a Christian liberal arts university located in Sioux Falls, in the U.S. state of South Dakota. USF's mission is to foster academic excellence and the development of mature Christian persons for service to God and humankind in the world. In fall 2014, the University enrolled a total of 1,108 undergraduate students and 311 graduate students.

neg: Mount Mary University Mount Mary University (formerly Mount Mary College) is a private, not-for-profit, Catholic liberal arts university located on an 80-acre campus in Milwaukee, Wisconsin. The university was founded in 1913 by the School Sisters of Notre Dame and was Wisconsin's first four-year, degree-granting Catholic college for women. Today, the university serves women at the undergraduate level and both women and men at the graduate level.

neg: Lynn University Lynn University is an American private university in Boca Raton, Florida. It was founded in 1962. Its students come from all over the USA and approximately 80 other nations: 24% of students have citizenship in countries outside the United States. The university is accredited by the Commission on Colleges of the Southern Association of Colleges and Schools to award associate's, baccalaureate, master's and doctoral degrees.It is named for the Lynn family (Christine E. and Eugene M. Lynn). It has a total undergraduate enrollment of 2,100, its setting is suburban, and the campus size is 123 acres. It utilizes a semester-based academic calendar. Lynn University's ranking in the 2015 edition of Best Colleges is National Universities, Tier 2.

neg: Konyang University Konyang University (건양대학교; RR: Geonyang), located in Nonsan, South Korea, was founded in 1991.

neg: University of Dayton The University of Dayton (UD) is an American private Roman Catholic national research university in Ohio's sixth-largest city, Dayton. Founded in 1850 by the Society of Mary (Marianists), it is one of three Marianist universities in the nation and the second-largest private university in Ohio. The university's campus is located in the city's southern portion and spans 388 acres on both sides of the Great Miami River. The campus is noted for the Immaculate Conception Chapel and the University of Dayton Arena. The University also operates, in China's Suzhou Industrial Park, the University of Dayton China Institute.

neg: University of Dundee The University of Dundee (abbreviated as Dund. for post-nominals) is a public research university based in the city and Royal burgh of Dundee on the east coast of the central Lowlands of Scotland. Founded in 1881 the institution was, for most of its early existence, a constituent college of the University of St Andrews alongside United College and St Mary's College located in the town of St Andrews itself. Following significant expansion, the University of Dundee became an independent body in 1967 whilst retaining much of its ancient heritage and governance structure. Since its independence, the university has grown to become an internationally recognised centre for research.

neg: University of North London The University of North London (UNL) was a university in London, England, from 1992 to 2002, when it merged with London Guildhall University to form London Metropolitan University. Its former premises are now the university's north campus, on Holloway Road and Highbury Grove, Islington. In 1996, the university celebrated its centenary year.

neg: UIUC School of Labor and Employment Relations The School of Labor and Employment Relations (LER) is a graduate school at the University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign. Founded in 1946, the school is the second oldest labor and industrial relations school in the nation. Students at Illinois can earn a Master of Human Resources and Industrial Relations (terminal professional degree) or a PhD in Industrial Relations (which is typically accompanied by an M.S. degree during the process of earning the doctorate). The school focuses on the MHRIR program. Until August 2008, LER was known as the Institute of Labor and Industrial Relations. In spring, 2015, the master's program expanded to accommodate an online program targeted to working professionals.

neg: List of Drexel University alumni Drexel University is a private university located in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, United States. The 16th largest private university in the nation, Drexel is made up of nine colleges and four schools, most of which serve both undergraduate and graduate students. It offers 96 undergraduate degree programs, 88 master's programs, and 35 doctoral programs. Drexel was founded as a technical school in 1891 for the "improvement of industrial education as a means of opening better and wider avenues of employment to young men and women." Drexel began awarding undergraduate degrees in 1914, starting with the Bachelor of Science in engineering; before that, Drexel granted certificates or diplomas in the field of enrollment. In 1931, Drexel began offering graduate degrees through the School of Home Economics.

neg: University of Missouri–Kansas City The University of Missouri–Kansas City (UMKC) is a public research university serving the greater Kansas City metropolitan area. Located in Kansas City, Missouri, UMKC is one of four system campuses that collectively constitute the University of Missouri. UMKC is spread across multiple locales; the main Volker Campus, home to the majority of university operations, is located in Kansas City's Rockhill neighborhood, east of the Country Club Plaza, and adjacent to both the Stowers Institute for Medical Research and the world-renowned Linda Hall Library. In 2017 the University, in collaboration with Truman Medical Center, Children's Mercy Hospital, the Missouri Health Department, the Jackson County Medical Examiners Office, and the Missouri Department of Mental Health Behavioral Medicine, formed the UMKC Health Sciences District on Hospital Hill. This district is a first-in-the-nation partnership between local and state governments, the university, and these nationally recognized healthcare faculties, designed to promote collaboration in research, innovation, education, grant funding, and community outreach, for the advancement of health and wellness in the greater Kansas City metropolitan area. Also in 2017, the university announced plans to expand its metropolitan identity with the construction of a downtown Campus for the Arts, located near the Kauffman Center for the Performing Arts. The university's enrollment as of 2015 exceeded more than 16,600 students.

neg: Leeds Beckett University Leeds Beckett University (LBU, formerly Leeds Metropolitan University and Leeds Polytechnic) is a public university in Leeds, West Yorkshire, with campuses in the city centre and Headingley. The university’s origins can be traced to 1824, with the foundation of the Leeds Mechanics Institute. Leeds Polytechnic was formed in 1970, and was part of the Leeds Local Education Authority until it became an independent higher Education Corporation on 1 April 1989. In 1992, the institution gained university status. The current name was adopted in September 2014.

neg: Burman University Burman University is an independent publicly funded university located in Lacombe, Alberta, Canada. It is sponsored by the Seventh-day Adventist Church in Canada. It is a part of the Seventh-day Adventist education system, the world's second largest Christian school system.

neg: St. Luke's College of Nursing (Japan) St. Luke's College of Nursing (聖路加看護大学 , Seiruka kango daigaku ) is a private university in Chuo, Tokyo, Japan. The predecessor of the school was founded in 1920, and it was chartered as a three-year college in 1954. It became a four-year college in 1964.

neg: Lund University Lund University (Swedish: "Lunds universitet" ) is one of Europe's oldest, largest and most prestigious universities, consistently ranking among the world's top 100 universities. The university, located in the city of Lund in the province of Scania, Sweden, traces its roots back to 1425, when a Franciscan studium generale was founded in Lund next to the Lund Cathedral, making it the oldest institution of higher education in Scandinavia. After Sweden won Scania from Denmark in the 1658 Treaty of Roskilde, the university was founded in 1666 on the location of the old studium generale next to Lund Cathedral.

neg: Lira University Lira University (LU), is a university in Uganda. It is one of the eleven public universities and degree-awarding institutions in the country.

neg: History of the University of Redlands The University of Redlands is a Baptist-founded nondenominational university in California, United States.


query: Are the Washington City Canal and Champlain Canal both still fully operational ?

pos: Washington City Canal The Washington City Canal operated from 1815 until the mid-1850s in Washington, D.C. The canal connected the Anacostia River, called the "Eastern Branch" at that time, to Tiber Creek, the Potomac River, and later the Chesapeake and Ohio Canal (C&O). The canal fell into disuse in the late 19th century and the city government covered over or filled in various sections.

pos: Champlain Canal The Champlain Canal is a 60 mi canal that connects the south end of Lake Champlain to the Hudson River in New York. It was simultaneously constructed with the Erie Canal and is now part of the New York State Canal System and the Lakes to Locks Passage.

neg: St. Clair Tunnel The St. Clair Tunnel is the name for two separate rail tunnels which were built under the St. Clair River between Sarnia, Ontario and Port Huron, Michigan. It was the first full-size subaqueous tunnel built in North America. (By full-size it is meant that it allowed a railroad to run through it.) It is a National Historic Landmark of the United States, and has been designated a civil engineering landmark by both US and Canadian engineering bodies.

neg: North Shore Channel The North Shore Channel is a drainage canal built between 1907 and 1910 to flush the sewage-filled North Branch of the Chicago River down the Chicago Sanitary and Ship Canal. The sewage carrying duty has been largely taken over by the Chicago Deep Tunnel, but there are still occasional discharges due to heavy rains.

neg: Clinton–Kalamazoo Canal The Clinton–Kalamazoo Canal is a canal in Michigan that was abandoned after being only partially completed. The canal was to connect Lake St. Clair with Lake Michigan. Project backers were inspired by the success of the Erie Canal in New York, which was completed in 1825. After gaining statehood in 1837, Michigan elected its first governor, Stevens Thomson Mason, who initiated an ambitious program of internal improvements, including three railroads and two canals.

neg: Erie Canal Commission The New York State Legislature appointed in 1810 a Commission to Explore a Route for a Canal to Lake Erie, and Report which became known as the Erie Canal Commission. Before 1817, the reports were submitted by the Commissioners Appointed to Provide for the Improvement of the Internal Navigation of the State, from February 1817 on the actual term Canal Commission was used, and its members titled officially Canal Commissioner. Besides, in 1817 a Canal Fund and Commissioners of the Canal Fund, and in 1826 a Canal Board, of which both the Canal Commissioners and the Commissioners of the Canal Fund were members, were created, and the term Canal Commission was applied sometimes to any of these bodies.

neg: New York State Canalway Trail The New York State Canalway Trail is a network of multi-use trails that runs parallel to current or former sections of the Erie, Oswego, Cayuga-Seneca, and Champlain canals. When completed, the system will have 524 mi of trails following current and former sections of the canals. The longest of these is the 365 mi long Erie Canalway Trail.

neg: Genesee Valley Canal Railroad The Genesee Valley Canal Railroad was a part of the Pennsylvania Railroad system in central New York. It was built on the former Genesee Valley Canal alignment.

neg: Baillie-Grohman Canal The Baillie-Grohman Canal was a shipping canal between the headwaters of the Columbia River and the upper Kootenay River in the East Kootenay region of British Columbia at a place now known as Canal Flats, BC. The construction of the canal was required by the provincial government of British Columbia as a condition of the canal's promoter receiving substantial land concessions from the provincial government of British Columbia in the area of Creston, BC. The promoter, William Adolf Baillie-Grohman (1851–1921), was a wealthy adventurer, hunter author, and business promoter. He declared the canal to be complete in 1889. The canal was an expensive failure, being used only three times during its entire existence. In 1902, on the last use by a vessel, the sternwheeler "North Star", the sternwheeler's captain, Frank P. Armstrong deliberately blew out the canal's lower lock gates with dynamite to allow the transit of his vessel.

neg: Transportation in New York (state) Transportation in New York is made up of some of the most extensive and one of the oldest transportation infrastructures in the country. Engineering difficulties because of the terrain of New York State and the unique issues of New York City brought on by urban crowding have had to be overcome since the state was young. Population expansion of the state generally followed the path of the early waterways, first the Hudson River and then the Erie Canal. Today, railroad lines and the New York State Thruway follow the same general route.

neg: Lechmere Canal Lechmere Canal is a short canal in East Cambridge, Massachusetts. It opens onto the Charles River and used to be an active port for Boston Harbor and the Atlantic Ocean.

neg: Union Canal (Pennsylvania) The Union Canal was a towpath canal that existed in southeastern Pennsylvania in the United States during the 19th century. First proposed in 1690 to connect Philadelphia with the Susquehanna River, it ran approximately 82 mi from Middletown on the Susquehanna below Harrisburg to Reading on the Schuylkill River.

neg: Montrose Swing Bridge The Montrose Swing Bridge is located on the Welland River at the junction with the Queenston Power Canal in the south-east portion of the City of Niagara Falls, Ontario, Canada. It was built ca. 1910 to carry the Canada Southern Railway over the river (click the link to see a discussion of companies who used the Canada Southern tracks over the years). It is a two track bridge, although only one track remains in use today. It crosses the river at roughly a 45-degree angle.

neg: Washington, D.C. airport Washington, D.C., airport may refer to several airports serving or near the city of Washington, D.C., in the United States. Some of these are defunct airports, and some are still active. Some of these airports are public (owned and operated by a government or governmental authority), some are public use (privately owned, but open to all aircraft), and some are private (privately owned, and only aircraft approved by the private owner may use the airfield).

neg: New York State Canal Corporation The New York State Canal Corporation is responsible for the oversight, administration and maintenance of the New York State Canal System, which consists of the Erie Canal, Cayuga–Seneca Canal, Oswego Canal and Champlain Canal. It is also involved with the development and maintenance of the New York State Canalway Trail and with the general development and promotion of the Erie Canal Corridor as both a tourist attraction and a working waterway.

neg: Quincy Canal The Quincy Canal was a small canal in Quincy, Massachusetts that was built in the 1820s to haul freight in the city.

neg: Panama Canal The Panama Canal (Spanish: "Canal de Panamá" ) is an artificial 48 mi waterway in Panama that connects the Atlantic Ocean with the Pacific Ocean. The canal cuts across the Isthmus of Panama and is a key conduit for international maritime trade. There are locks at each end to lift ships up to Gatun Lake, an artificial lake created to reduce the amount of excavation work required for the canal, 85 ft above sea level, and then lower the ships at the other end. The original locks are 110 ft wide. A third, wider lane of locks was constructed between September 2007 and May 2016. The expanded canal began commercial operation on June 26, 2016. The new locks allow transit of larger, Post-Panamax ships, capable of handling more cargo.

neg: Chemung Canal The Chemung Canal is a former canal in New York, United States. The canal connected Seneca Lake at Watkins Glen to the Chemung River at Elmira, New York. It was planned to connect the Finger Lakes region and Pennsylvania's Susquehanna River watershed with New York's Erie Canal system. The latter connected the Great Lakes with the Hudson River and ultimately the Atlantic port of New York City.

neg: Sacramento Deep Water Ship Channel The Sacramento Deep Water Ship Channel (also known as Sacramento River Deep Water Ship Channel or SRDWSC) is a canal from the Port of Sacramento in West Sacramento, California to the Sacramento River, which flows into San Francisco Bay. It was completed by the United States Army Corps of Engineers in 1963. The channel is about 30 feet (9 m) deep, 200 feet (61 m) wide and 43 miles (69 km) long.

neg: SS Washington SS "Washington" was a 24,189-ton luxury liner of the United States Lines, named after the US capital city.

neg: Montreal and Lachine Railroad The Montreal and Lachine Railroad opened on November 19, 1847, with service between Bonaventure Station in Montreal and the Saint Lawrence River. Built to bypass the Lachine Rapids, it was 12 km long. The railway merged with the Lake St. Louis and Province Railroad in 1850 under the name Montreal and New York Railroad. In 1857 it merged with the Champlain and Saint Lawrence Railroad as the Montreal and Champlain Railroad. It would eventually be absorbed by the Grand Trunk Railway.

neg: Champlain Apartment Building The Champlain Apartment Building, also known as the Orme Building, is an historic structure located at 1424 K St., Northwest, Washington, D.C. in the Downtown neighborhood.


query: Cladanthus and Crinodendron are both types of what?

pos: Cladanthus Cladanthus is a genus of plants in the family sunflower family, native to the Mediterranean region.

pos: Crinodendron Crinodendron is a botanic genus with 8 species of flowering plants belonging to the family Elaeocarpaceae. They are evergreen shrubs or small trees native to the forests of Chile. They have narrow, leathery evergreen leaves and pendent bell-shaped flowers in red, pink or white.

neg: Cronquistianthus rosei Cronquistianthus rosei is a species of flowering plant in the Asteraceae family.

neg: Phyllanthus Phyllanthus is the largest genus in the flowering plant family Phyllanthaceae. Estimates of the number species in this genus vary widely, from 750 to 1200. "Phyllanthus" has a remarkable diversity of growth forms including annual and perennial herbs, shrubs, climbers, floating aquatics, and pachycaulous succulents. Some have flattened leaflike stems called cladodes. It has a wide variety of floral morphologies and chromosome numbers and has one of the widest range of pollen types of any seed plant genus.

neg: Epidendrum denticulatum Epidendrum denticulatum, one of the crucifix orchids, is a reed stemmed species which, at least in herbarium specimens, is frequently confused with "E. secundum" Jacq.

neg: Cryptantha intermedia Cryptantha intermedia is a species of wildflower in the borage family known by several common names, including common cryptantha, Clearwater cryptantha, and nievitas.

neg: Crinum Crinum is a genus of about 180 species of perennial plants that have large showy flowers on leafless stems, and develop from bulbs. They are found in seasonally moist areas, including marshes, swamps, depressions and along the sides of streams and lakes in tropical and subtropical areas worldwide.

neg: Rhipidocladum Rhipidocladum is a genus of New World woody bamboo in the grass family). It found in Mesoamerica, Trinidad, and South America. The genus is characterized by 1) erect, non-pseudopetiolate culm leaves, 2) numerous branchlets arising in an apsidate (fan-like) array, and 3) fruits being true caryopses. The name is derived from the Greek "rhipid" meaning "fanlike" and "clad" meaning "branch".

neg: Cladogynos Cladogynos is a genus of shrubs in the family Euphorbiaceae, first described as a genus in 1841. It contains only one known species, Cladogynos orientalis, native to Southeast Asia (Thailand, Vietnam, Cambodia, Malaysia, Indonesia, Philippines) and southern China (Guangxi Province).

neg: Dianthus japonicus Dianthus japonicus, known as seashore pink, is a species of herbaceous perennial plant in the genus "Dianthus".

neg: Cronquistianthus origanoides Cronquistianthus origanoides is a species of flowering plant in the Asteraceae family.

neg: Daphne cneorum Daphne cneorum (garland flower or rose daphne), is a species of flowering plant in the family Thymelaeaceae, native to the mountains of central and southern Europe. It is a prostrate spreading evergreen shrub to 20 cm , grown for its dense clusters of highly fragrant pink flowers in spring. All parts of the plant are poisonous to humans.

neg: Rhododendron subg. Choniastrum Rhododendron" subg. "Choniastrum is a subgenus of the genus "Rhododendron", originally a section of subgenus "Azaleastrum" it was elevated to subgenus rank after cladistic analysis revealed that together with "Rhododendron" it formed a major clade, distinct from other sections of "Azaleastrum".

neg: Boraginoideae Boraginoideae is a subfamily of the flowering plant family Boraginaceae, as that family is defined in the APG III system of classification for flowering plants. The Angiosperm Phylogeny Group has not actually specified subfamilies within Boraginaceae. Some taxonomists place the genera "Codon" and "Wellstedia" in Boraginoideae. Others place one or both of these in separate, monogeneric subfamilies. "Codon" was long regarded as an odd member of Hydrophylloideae, but in 1998, a molecular phylogenetic study showed that it is closer to Boraginoideae.

neg: Erysimum Erysimum (wallflower) is a genus of flowering plants that includes about 180 species of popular garden plants and many wild forms in the botanical family "Brassicaceae". The genus "Cheiranthus" is sometimes included here in whole or in part. Erysimum has since the early 21st century been ascribed to a monogeneric cruciferous tribe, Erysimeae, characterized by sessile, stellate and/or malpighiaceous trichomes, yellow to orange flowers and multiseeded siliques.

neg: Chenopodium Chenopodium is a genus of numerous species of perennial or annual herbaceous flowering plants known as the goosefoots, which occur almost anywhere in the world. It is placed in the family Amaranthaceae in the APG II system; older classification systems, notably the widely used Cronquist system, separate it and its relatives as Chenopodiaceae, but this leaves the rest of the Amaranthaceae polyphyletic. However, among the Amaranthaceae, the genus "Chenopodium" is the namesake member of the subfamily Chenopodioideae.

neg: Cardenasiodendron Cardenasiodendron is a monotypic genus of dioecious trees in the subfamily Anacardioideae of the cashew and sumac family Anacardiaceae. It contains the single species Cardenasiodendron brachypterum, which is endemic to Bolivia.

neg: Bulbophyllum microdendron Bulbophyllum microdendron is a species of orchid in the genus "Bulbophyllum".

neg: Cremanthodium Cremanthodium is a genus of flowering plants in the daisy family.

neg: Crinoid Crinoids are marine animals that make up the class Crinoidea of the echinoderms (phylum Echinodermata). The name comes from the Greek word "krinon", "a lily", and "eidos", "form". They live in both shallow water and in depths as great as 9000 meters . Those crinoids which in their adult form are attached to the sea bottom by a stalk are commonly called sea lilies. The unstalked forms are called feather stars or comatulids.

neg: Rhododendron javanicum Rhododendron javanicum is a rhododendron species native to Indonesia, Malaysia, and the Philippines.

neg: Cryptanthus Cryptanthus is a genus in the botanical family Bromeliaceae, subfamily Bromelioideae. The genus name is from the Greek “cryptos” (hidden) and “anthos” (flower). This genus has two recognized subgenera: the type subgenus and "Hoplocryptanthus" . All species of this genus are endemic to Brazil. The common name for any "Cryptanthus" is "Earth Star".


query: Joshua T. Mendell and Victor A. McKusick are both experts in what field of medicine?

pos: Joshua T. Mendell Joshua T. Mendell, M.D., Ph.D., is an associate professor of pediatrics and molecular biology and genetics at the Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, where he is a faculty member of the McKusick-Nathans Institute of Genetic Medicine. Mendell is a Howard Hughes Medical Institute early career scientist and a preceptor for two Johns Hopkins graduate programs. His molecular biology research examines microRNA (miRNA) regulation and function, with particular emphasis on miRNAs and cancer.

pos: Victor A. McKusick Victor Almon McKusick (October 21, 1921 – July 22, 2008) was an American internist and medical geneticist, and Professor of Medicine at the Johns Hopkins Hospital, Baltimore. He was a proponent of the mapping of the human genome due to its use for studying congenital diseases. He is well known for his studies of the Amish and, what he called, "little people". He was the original author and, until his death, remained chief editor of Mendelian Inheritance in Man (MIM) and its online counterpart Online Mendelian Inheritance in Man (OMIM). He is widely known as the "father of medical genetics".

neg: Elwood V. Jensen Elwood Vernon Jensen (January 13, 1920 – December 16, 2012) was the Distinguished University Professor, George and Elizabeth Wile Chair in Cancer Research at the University of Cincinnati College of Medicine's Vontz Center for Molecular Studies. In 2004 he received the Albert Lasker Award for Basic Medical Research for his research on estrogen receptors. He is considered the father of the field of hormone action.

neg: Joshua Rosenthal Joshua Rosenthal is the founder and director of the Institute for Integrative Nutrition, a holistic nutrition school based in New York City.

neg: Otis Brawley Otis Webb Brawley is an American physician who serves as Chief Medical and Scientific Officer and Executive Vice President of the American Cancer Society. He is board certified in internal medicine and medical oncology and is a Master of the American College of Physicians, Fellow of the American Society of Clinical Oncology, and a Fellow of the American College of Epidemiology. He is a member of the Institute of Medicine now known as the National Academy of Medicine.

neg: Indiana University School of Medicine The Indiana University School of Medicine is a medical school and medical research center connected to Indiana University; its principal research and medical center is on the Indiana University – Purdue University Indianapolis campus in Indianapolis. The medical school awarded the Doctor of Medicine (M.D.) degree to its first class in 1907. With 1,404 M.D. students and 168 Ph.D. students in 2016, it is currently the largest allopathic medical school in the United States. The School offers several joint-degree programs, including an MD/MBA, MD/MA, MD/MPH, and an NIH-designated Medical Scientist Training Program, a highly competitive subset of MD-PhD programs.

neg: Michael Schwartz (physician) Michael Schwartz (born October 12, 1961, Brooklyn, New York) is an American physician who specializes in the field of ringside medicine. As Chief Ringside Physician for Professional Boxing and Mixed Martial Arts, he was responsible for creating many of the medical protocols utilized in boxing. He founded the first Medical Association for Professional Ringside Physicians.

neg: Richard C. Mulligan Richard C. Mulligan, Ph.D., (born 1954) is the Mallinckrodt Professor of Genetics at Harvard Medical School, and Director of the Harvard Gene Therapy Initiative.

neg: Jennifer Berman Jennifer Berman is an American sexual health expert, urologist and female sexual medicine specialist. She is also a co-host on the Emmy Award-winning television show, "The Doctors".

neg: Mark Siegler Mark Siegler (born June 20, 1941) is an American physician who specializes in internal medicine. He is the Lindy Bergman Distinguished Service Professor of Medicine and Surgery at the University of Chicago. One of the nation's leading medical ethicists, he is the Founding Director of the University of Chicago's MacLean Center for Clinical Medical Ethics. Siegler has practiced and taught internal medicine at the University of Chicago for more than 50 years.

neg: Mark A. McDaniel Mark A. McDaniel (born December 4, 1952) is an American psychology researcher in the area of human learning and memory. He is one of the most influential researchers in prospective memory, but also well known for other basic research in memory and learning, cognitive aging, as well as applying cognitive psychology to education. McDaniel has published over 100 peer-reviewed articles, book chapters, and edited books. His research in memory and cognition has received over two million dollars in grant support from NIH and NASA.

neg: Leonard P. Guarente Leonard Pershing Guarente (born 1952) is an American biologist best known for his research on life span extension in the budding yeast "Saccharomyces cerevisiae", roundworms ("Caenorhabditis elegans"), and mice. He is a Novartis Professor of Biology at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology.

neg: Larry M. Starr Larry M. Starr (born 1948) is a higher education academic administrator, university professor and organizational research scientist. His administrative and academic appointments are in the School of Arts and Sciences at the University of Pennsylvania, in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA. Starr’s research integrates psychology, medicine and management. He is the author of the position statement, Automated External Defibrillation in the Occupational Setting, issued by the American College of Occupational and Environmental Medicine (ACOEM) released under the auspices of the ACOEM Council of Scientific Advisors.

neg: Drexel University College of Medicine Drexel University College of Medicine is the medical school of Drexel University. The medical school has one of the nation's largest enrollments for a private medical school and represents the consolidation of two medical schools: the world's first medical school for women and the nation's first college of homeopathy. Drexel University College of Medicine is ranked #83 in research by U.S. News & World Report and is the second most applied-to medical school in the United States.

neg: Gerald Reaven Gerald M. "Jerry" Reaven (born July 28, 1928 in Gary, Indiana) is an American endocrinologist and professor emeritus in medicine at the Stanford University School of Medicine in Stanford, California, United States.

neg: Lloyd Mayer Lloyd Mayer (June 21, 1952 – September 5, 2013) was an American gastroenterologist and immunologist. He was Professor and Co-Director of the Immunology institute at the Mount Sinai Medical Center, now known as the Lloyd Mayer Immunology Institute.

neg: Windsor University School of Medicine Windsor University School of Medicine is a private medical school located in Cayon, Saint Kitts, in the Caribbean. Windsor confers upon its graduates the Doctor of Medicine (MD) degree. The university also has clinical education campuses in Carbondale, Illinois and Houghton Lake, Michigan. Administrative offices are located in Monee, Illinois.

neg: Jay Katz Jacob "Jay" Katz (October 20, 1922 – November 17, 2008) was an American physician and Yale Law School professor whose career was devoted to addressing complex issues of medical ethics and other ethical problems involving the overlaps of ethics, law, medicine and psychology.

neg: Carlos Pardo-Villamizar Carlos A. Pardo-Villamizar, also known simply as Carlos Pardo, is an assistant professor of neurology and pathology at Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, as well as the director of the Johns Hopkins Transverse Myelitis Center. His area of expertise is immunopathology and the neuroimmune system. He is currently leading a project that investigates the role of neuroglial dysfunction in HIV infection and drug abuse, and has also published research concluding that the brains of autistic individuals exhibit neuroglial activation, loss of neurons in the Purkinje layer and neuroinflammation "in the same regions [of the brain] that appear to have excess white matter."

neg: William Gilman Thompson William Gilman Thompson (December 26, 1856 - October 27, 1927) was a founder and president of the New York Clinic for the Functional Re-education of Disabled Soldiers, Sailors, and Civilians (later renamed Reconstruction Hospital, which then merged with N.Y.U. Bellevue). He became a professor of medicine at New York University Medical College, at Woman's Medical College, and at Cornell University Medical College in New York City, retiring as a professor emeritus. He consolidated the Demilt Dispensary and Park Hospital with the New York Clinic. He was appointed consulting physician to Bellevue Hospital and Nassau Hospital, Mineola Medical Service, Woman's Hospital, Lawrence Hospital and to the Standard Oil Company. Thompson was also appointed the consultant in industrial hygiene for the Public Health Service and served as a member of the Council of National Defense, chairman of Industrial Hygiene Division of New York State Labor Department, a trustee of the New York Academy of Medicine, serving as its vice-president from 1904 to 1907. Thompson was also President of the New York Botanical Garden, Vice President of Lenox Garden Club and author of medical books, several still used to teach medicine in 2017.

neg: Neal S. Young Neal Stuart Young (born 1947) is an American physician and researcher, chief of the Hematology Branch of the National Institutes of Health (NIH), and Director of the Center for Human Immunology at the NIH in Bethesda, Maryland. He is primarily known for work in the pathophysiology and treatment of aplastic anemia, and is also known for his contributions to the pathophysiology of parvovirus B19 infection.

neg: S. C. Manchanda Subhash Chand Manchanda is an Indian cardiologist and a senior consultant of Sir Ganga Ram Hospital, New Delhi. He is a Senior Consultant and Co-ordinator of the Diplomate of National Board program of the National Board of Examinations and a former professor and Head of the Department of Cardiology at the All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi (AIIMS). He is the chairman of the Advisory Board of "Diya Foundation", a non governmental organization managing a number of charitable institutions for the under-privileged children and aged people.


query: The character Ben Whishaw played is the head of what kind of division of the British Secret Service?

pos: Detlef Bothe (actor) Detlef Bothe (born 24 July 1965) is a German actor, screenwriter, film director and producer. Since the early 1990s, he has appeared in numerous film and television productions, both German and international. In 2015, he appeared in the "James Bond" film Spectre as a henchman, in a scene where he and Q (Ben Whishaw) are seen riding a cable car in the Austrian Alps.

pos: Q (James Bond) Q is a fictional character in the James Bond films and film novelisations. Q (standing for Quartermaster as well as a reference to the deceptive Q-ships) is a job title, unlike M, which is a cypher for the character's name. He is the head of Q Branch (or later Q Division), the fictional research and development division of the British Secret Service.

neg: Hugh Johnstone Colonel Hugh Anthony Johnstone OBE was administrative head of SIGINT (Signals Intelligence) in the British Army during the 1970s.

neg: Special Detective Unit The Special Detective Unit (SDU) (Irish: "Aonad Speisialta Bleachtaireachta" ) is the main domestic security agency of the "Garda Síochána", the national police force of Ireland, under the aegis of the Crime & Security Branch (CSB). It is the primary counter-terrorism and counter-espionage investigative unit in the country. The Special Detective Unit superseded the Special Branch (which they are still commonly referred to as), which itself replaced the older Criminal Investigation Department (CID), which was founded in 1921. They work in conjunction with the Defence Forces Directorate of Military Intelligence (G2) – Ireland's national intelligence service – on internal matters. The unit's headquarters are in Harcourt Street, Dublin City.

neg: United Kingdom Special Forces The United Kingdom Special Forces (UKSF) is a Ministry of Defence directorate that provides a joint special operations task force headquarters. The UKSF is commanded by the Director Special Forces. The directorate commands 22 Special Air Service Regiment, the Special Boat Service, the Special Reconnaissance Regiment, the Special Forces Support Group, 18 Signal Regiment and the Joint Special Forces Aviation Wing.

neg: Committee of Secretaries-General The Committee of Secretaries-General (French: "Comité des Sécretaires-généraux" , Dutch: "Comité van de secretarissen-generaal" ) was a Belgian technocratic administrative panel created during World War II. The Committee comprised the head civil servants of most government ministries (who each held the title Secretary-General) and formed a part of the German occupation administration of Belgium between 1940 and 1944, being an integral role in the Belgian policy of "lesser evil" collaboration. From August 1940, the Germans began introducing new members, and by 1941 its composition was almost completely different. Among those promoted were pro-Germans like Victor Leemans and Gérard Romsée, who had been involved in Belgian Fascist movements before the war. They helped to facilitate the more radical administrative reforms demanded by the Germans, although the Committee refused to involve itself in the deportation of Belgian Jews. As the visible face of the German administration, the Committee became more and more unpopular as the war progressed. Following the Allied liberation of Belgium in 1944, several members of the Committee were prosecuted for collaboration but several members, including Leemans, went on to political careers in post-war Belgium.

neg: Peter Marychurch Sir Peter Harvey Marychurch {'1': ", '2': ", '3': ", '4': "} (13 June 1927 – 21 May 2017) was Director of the British signals intelligence agency, GCHQ, a post he held from 1983 to 1989.

neg: List of The Thick of It characters "The Thick of It" is a British television comedy programme that premiered in 2005 on BBC Four. The series satirises the inner workings of modern British government. It follows the running of a fictional Department of Social Affairs and Citizenship, and most episodes focus on that department's incumbent minister and a core cast of advisors and civil servants, under the watchful eye of Number 10's enforcer, Malcolm Tucker (Peter Capaldi). The supporting characters include people in government, in the opposition, and in the media.

neg: Bodyguards (TV series) Bodyguards is a British television crime drama/action series, broadcast on ITV, that focuses on the cases of a specialized bodyguard unit, the "Close Protection Group", in service of the British government. The series starred Sean Pertwee and Louise Lombard as protagonists Ian Worrell and Liz Shaw. Pertwee's father, Jon, notably also starred alongside a character called Liz Shaw, played by Caroline John, who was his first companion during his time playing the Third Doctor in "Doctor Who". The series was the brainchild of Jeffrey Caine, known as the creator of "The Chief" and script editor of the James Bond movie "GoldenEye".

neg: Specialist investigation department The Specialist Investigation Department is a branch of the Criminal Investigation Department of a British police force (although many use different names) which investigates crimes such as murder and sexual offences supplying specially trained officers to monitor known ex-offenders who have a history of sex offences. This unit could be considered the same as Area Major Incident Pool of the Metropolitan Police Service. The Specialist Investigation Officers use the prefix "Detective" in front of their actual police rank. The team also responds to major investigations such as murder when divisional teams can not cope with the sheer amount of work.

neg: MI7 MI7, the British Military Intelligence Section 7 (now defunct), was a department of the British Directorate of Military Intelligence. Part of the War Office, MI7 was set up to work in the fields of propaganda and censorship.

neg: George Smiley George Smiley OBE is a fictional character created by John le Carré. Smiley is a career intelligence officer with "The Circus", the British overseas intelligence agency. He is a central character in the novels "Call for the Dead", "A Murder of Quality", "Tinker Tailor Soldier Spy", "The Honourable Schoolboy", and "Smiley's People", and a supporting character in "The Spy Who Came in from the Cold", "The Looking Glass War", "The Secret Pilgrim" and "A Legacy of Spies".

neg: Derek Mills-Roberts Brigadier Derek Mills-Roberts, CBE, DSO and bar, MC (23 November 1908 – 1 October 1980) was a British commando who fought with the 1st Special Service Brigade during World War II. In a quirk of military history, he became the only Allied soldier to strike an enemy flag officer with the latter's own staff-of-office — when Mills-Roberts bashed Erhard Milch over the head with the just-surrendered marshal's baton.

neg: Director Special Forces Director Special Forces (DSF) is the professional head of the United Kingdom Special Forces (UKSF) directorate which is a senior role within the Ministry of Defence (MoD). As Director, the incumbent is responsible for the provision of special forces capability to MoD, Commands the UK Special Forces Group, and holds Operational Command for discrete Special Forces operations.

neg: Downing Street Chief of Staff The Downing Street Chief of Staff is the most senior political appointee in the Office of the Prime Minister of the United Kingdom, acting as a senior aide to the Prime Minister and a powerful, non-ministerial position within Her Majesty's Government.

neg: Bernard Sheldon Bernard Sheldon was an officer of MI5 and a lawyer.

neg: MI1 MI1 or British "Military Intelligence, Section 1" was a department of the British Directorate of Military Intelligence, part of the War Office. It was set up during World War I. It contained "C&C", which was responsible for code breaking.

neg: Alfred Deakin Brookes Alfred Deakin Brookes (11 April 1920 – 19 June 2005) was the first head of the Australian Secret Intelligence Service, the intelligence agency of the Australian government that collects foreign intelligence. He was appointed in 1952 by Robert Menzies the prime minister at that time.

neg: Ray Mawby Raymond Llewellyn Mawby (6 February 1922 – 22 July 1990) was a British Member of Parliament for the Conservative Party and a junior Minister, who was in the pay of 2nd Directorate of the General Staff of the Czechoslovak People's Army, the communist Czechoslovak Socialist Republic military intelligence service.

neg: MI15 MI15, the British Military Intelligence Section 15 (now defunct), was a department of the British Directorate of Military Intelligence, part of the War Office. It was set up in 1942 to handle aerial photography (compare with MI4). In 1943 this function was transferred to the air ministry and MI15 became responsible for the coordination of intelligence about enemy anti-aircraft facilities.

neg: Secret service A secret service is a government agency, intelligence agency, or the activities of a government agency, concerned with the gathering of intelligence data. The tasks and powers of a secret service can vary greatly from one country to another. For instance, a country may establish a secret service which has some policing powers (such as surveillance) but not others. The powers and duties of a government organization may be partly secret and partly not. The organization may be said to operate openly at home and secretly abroad, or vice versa. Secret police and intelligence agencies can usually be considered secret services.

neg: Guards Division The Guards Division is an administrative unit of the British Army responsible for the administration of the regiments of Foot Guards and the London Regiment. The Guards Division is responsible for providing two public duties battalions to London District (plus three incremental companies); although the guards are most associated with ceremonial, they are nevertheless operational infantry battalions, and as such perform all the various roles of infantry.


query: The Blue Lacy, official breed of Texas, and Chesapeake Bay Retriever, are both dog breeds developed during which century?

pos: Blue Lacy The Lacy Dog or Blue Lacy Dog is a breed of working dog that originated in Texas in the mid-19th century. The Lacy was first recognized in 2001 by the Texas Senate. In Senate Resolution No. 436, the 77th Legislature honored the Lacy as "a true Texas breed". In June 2005, Governor Rick Perry signed the legislation adopting the Blue Lacy as "the official State Dog Breed of Texas". As expected, the vast majority of Lacy dogs are found in Texas. However, as the breed becomes more well recognized, there are breeding populations being established across the United States, Canada, and most recently in Europe.

pos: Chesapeake Bay Retriever The Chesapeake Bay Retriever is a large-sized breed of dog belonging to the Retriever, Gundog, and Sporting breed groups. Members of the breed may also be referred to as a Chessie, CBR, or Chesapeake. The breed was developed in the United States Chesapeake Bay area during the 19th century. Historically used by area market hunters to retrieve waterfowl, it is primarily a family pet and hunting companion. They are often known for their love of water and their ability to hunt. It is a medium to large sized dog similar in appearance to the Labrador Retriever. The Chesapeake have a wavy coat, rather than the Labrador's smooth coat. They are described as having a bright and happy disposition, courage, willingness to work, alertness, intelligence, and love of water as some of their characteristics.

neg: Welsh Springer Spaniel The Welsh Springer Spaniel is a breed of dog and a member of the spaniel family. Thought to be comparable to the old Land Spaniel, they are similar to the English Springer Spaniel and historically have been referred to as both the Welsh Spaniel and the Welsh Cocker Spaniel. They were relatively unknown until a succession of victories in dog trials by the breed increased its popularity. Following recognition by The Kennel Club in 1902, the breed gained the modern name of Welsh Springer Spaniel. The breed's coat only comes in a single colour combination of white with red markings, usually in a piebald pattern. Loyal and affectionate, they can become very attached to family members and are wary of strangers. Health conditions are limited to those common among many breeds of dog, although they are affected more than average by hip dysplasia and some eye conditions. They are a working dog, bred for hunting, and while not as rare as some varieties of spaniel, they are rarer than the more widely known English Springer Spaniel with which they are sometimes confused.

neg: Spaniel A spaniel is a type of gun dog. Spaniels were especially bred to flush game out of denser brush. By the late 17th century spaniels had been specialized into water and land breeds. The extinct English Water Spaniel was used to retrieve water fowl shot down with arrows. Land spaniels were setting spaniels—those that crept forward and pointed their game, allowing hunters to ensnare them with nets, and springing spaniels—those that sprang pheasants and partridges for hunting with falcons, and rabbits for hunting with greyhounds. During the 17th century, the role of the spaniel dramatically changed as Englishmen began hunting with flintlocks for wing shooting. Charles Goodall and Julia Gasow (1984) write that spaniels were "transformed from untrained, wild beaters, to smooth, polished gun dogs."

neg: Curly Coated Retriever The Curly Coated Retriever (often referred to as a Curly) is a breed of dog originally bred in England for upland bird and waterfowl hunting. It is the tallest of the retrievers and is easily distinguishable by the mass of tight curls covering its body. Curly Coated and Wavy Coated (now known as the Flat-Coated Retriever) were the first two recognised retriever breeds, established as early as 1860.

neg: Flat-Coated Retriever The Flat-Coated Retriever is a gundog breed originating from the United Kingdom. It was developed as a retriever both on land and in the water.

neg: Chow Chow The Chow Chow (sometimes simply Chow ) is a dog breed originally from northern China, where it is referred to as "Songshi Quan" (Pinyin: sōngshī quǎn 鬆獅犬), which means "puffy-lion dog". The breed has also been called the "Tang Quan", "Dog of the Tang Empire." It is believed that the Chow Chow is one of the native dogs used as the model for the Foo dog, the traditional stone guardians found in front of Buddhist temples and palaces. It is one of the few ancient dog breeds still in existence in the world today.

neg: American Cocker Spaniel The American Cocker Spaniel is a breed of sporting dog. It is a spaniel type dog that is closely related to the English Cocker Spaniel; the two breeds diverged during the 20th century due to differing breed standards in America and the UK. In the United States, the breed is usually called the Cocker Spaniel, while elsewhere in the world, it is called the American Cocker Spaniel in order to differentiate between it and its English cousin, which was already known as "Cocker Spaniel" before the American variety was created. The word "cocker" is commonly held to stem from their use to hunt woodcock in England, while "spaniel" is thought to be derived from the type's origins in Spain.

neg: Burgos Pointer The Burgos Pointer (Spanish: "Perdiguero de Burgos" ), also called the Burgalese Pointer, is a breed of dog native to Spain. Originating from Castile, especially in the province of Burgos, this hardy breed is used for hunting and has some outstanding features for small game.

neg: Rare breed (dog) Rare breed (dog) is any breed of dog that is small in number and is used to refer to both old established breeds such as the Stabyhoun and Glen of Imaal Terrier or newer creations. Since dogs have greater genetic variability than other domesticated animals the number of possible breeds is vast with new crosses constantly occurring, from these both selected and random crosses may come new breeds should offspring reliably breed true to type. New breeds from the wild such as the Carolina Dog are quite rare compared to attempts at breed creation from man as found in the American Hairless Terrier which sought to exploit a mutation.

neg: Swedish Blue The Swedish Blue (Swedish: Svensk blå anka ) or Blue Swedish is a breed of domesticated duck which emerged during the 19th century in Swedish Pomerania, near the Baltic shores of what is now modern Germany and Poland. Within the American Standard of Perfection, the "blue" is the only variety of the breed "Swedish".

neg: Cavalier King Charles Spaniel The Cavalier King Charles Spaniel is a small spaniel classed as a toy dog by The Kennel Club and the American Kennel Club. It originated in the United Kingdom and is one of the more popular breeds in many countries. Since 2000, it has grown in popularity in the United States and ranks as the 18th most popular pure-breed in the United States (2013 Registration Statistics). It has a silky, smooth coat and commonly a smooth undocked tail. The breed standard recognizes four colours: Blenheim (chestnut and white), Tricolor (black/white/tan), Black and Tan, and Ruby. The breed is generally friendly, affectionate and good with both children and other animals; however, they require a lot of human interaction. Since they are a family dog, it is recommended to not leave them alone for long periods at a time. The expected average lifespan of a Cavalier King Charles Spaniel is under ten years.

neg: Brittany (breed) The Brittany is a breed of gun dog bred primarily for bird hunting. Although it is often referred to as a spaniel, the breed's working characteristics are more akin to those of a pointer or setter. Brittanys were developed in the Brittany province of France between the 17th and 19th centuries, becoming officially recognized early in the 20th.

neg: Scotch Collie The Scotch Collie is a landrace breed of dog which originated from the highland regions of Scotland. The breed consisted of both the long-haired (now known as Rough) Collie and the short-haired (now known as Smooth) Collie. It is generally believed to have descended from a variety of ancient herding dogs, some dating back to the Roman occupation, which may have included Roman Cattle Dogs, Native Celtic Dogs and Viking Herding Spitzes. Other ancestors include the Gordon and Irish Setters.

neg: Australian Cattle Dog The Australian Cattle Dog (ACD), or simply Cattle Dog, is a breed of herding dog originally developed in Australia for droving cattle over long distances across rough terrain. This breed is a medium-sized, short-coated dog that occurs in two main colour forms. It has either brown or black hair distributed fairly evenly through a white coat, which gives the appearance of a "red" or "blue" dog. It should not be confused with the Australian Shepherd, a similarly named but totally different breed.

neg: Miniature Schnauzer The Miniature Schnauzer is a breed of small dog of the Schnauzer type that originated in Germany in the mid-to-late 19th century. Miniature Schnauzers developed from crosses between the Standard Schnauzer and one or more smaller breeds such as the Poodle and Affenpinscher, as farmers bred a small dog that was an efficient ratting dog. They are described as "spunky" but aloof dogs, with good guarding tendencies without some guard dogs' predisposition to bite. Miniature Schnauzers are recognized in three colors internationally: solid black, black and silver, and a color known as 'salt and pepper'. There is a controversial fourth color variant in Miniature Schnauzers, pure white, which is not recognized universally.

neg: Briard The Briard is an ancient breed of large herding dog, originally from France. A Briard-type dog appears in Gaston Febus' "Livre de chasse" ("Book of the Hunt"), written in the late 14th century. According to legend, about the same time, a Briard fought a judicial duel with Robert Macaire to avenge its owner's murder, Aubry of Montdidier. Charlemagne, Napoleon, Thomas Jefferson, and Lafayette are all said to have owned Briards. It became popular after the Paris dog show of 1863, after the breed had been fixed, with crosses with the Beauceron and the Barbet. During the First World War, the Briard was used, almost to the point of extinction, by the French army as a sentry, messenger, and to search for wounded soldiers. The Briard's modern-day roles include police, military and search-and-rescue work, as well as companion dog.

neg: Chinook (dog) The Chinook is a rare breed of sled dog, developed in the state of New Hampshire during the early 20th century. The Chinook is New Hampshire's official state dog.

neg: Gun dog Gun dogs, or bird dogs, are types of hunting dogs developed to assist hunters in finding and retrieving game, usually birds. Gun dogs are divided into three primary types: retrievers, flushing dogs, and pointing breeds. Some kennel clubs define a Gundog Group for gun dogs, while other kennel clubs include them in the Sporting Group.

neg: Labrador Retriever The Labrador Retriever, also Labrador, is a type of retriever-gun dog. The Labrador is one of the most popular breeds of dog in the United Kingdom and the United States.

neg: Kooikerhondje The Kooikerhondje (literal English translation "little cager dog" or "little caging dog") is a small spaniel-type breed of dog of Dutch ancestry that was originally used as a working dog, particularly in an "eendenkooi" (duck cage) to lure ducks. Kooikers were popular in the 17th and 18th century and appeared in the paintings of Rembrandt and Jan Steen. The breed is rapidly gaining popularity in the United States, Canada and Scandinavia, where it is still relatively unknown.

neg: Mountain Cur The Mountain Cur is a type of working dog that is bred specifically for treeing and trailing small game, like squirrel and raccoons. They are also used for hunting and baying big game like bear and wild boar as well as being an all-purpose farm dog. Curs are a member of the Hound group, and the Mountain Cur is one of several varieties of cur. It can also be used as a water dog. Mainly bred in Ohio, Kentucky, Virginia, and Tennessee, it has been registered with the United Kennel Club since 1998. The Mountain Cur Breeder's Association was formed in 1957.


query: What American country music group, founded in 1998 released their first single from their album "The Road to Here" in May 2005?

pos: Boondocks (song) "Boondocks" is a song co-written and recorded by American country music group Little Big Town. It was released in May 2005 as the first single from their album "The Road to Here". It became their first Top 10 hit on the U.S. "Billboard" Hot Country Songs charts. It was written by Karen Fairchild, Kimberly Roads, Phillip Sweet, Jimi Westbrook and Wayne Kirkpatrick.

pos: Little Big Town Little Big Town is an American country music group. Founded in 1998, the group has comprised the same four members since its founding: Karen Fairchild, Kimberly Schlapman (formerly Kimberly Roads), Jimi Westbrook, and Phillip Sweet. Their musical style relies heavily on four-part vocal harmonies, with all four members alternating as lead vocalists; Westbrook and Sweet also play rhythm guitar.

neg: Big Heart "Big Heart" is a debut song recorded by American country music group Gibson/Miller Band. It was released in November 1992 as the first single from the album "Where There's Smoke...". The song reached #37 on the "Billboard" Hot Country Songs & Tracks chart. The song was written by group members Dave Gibson and Blue Miller, along with Freddy Weller.

neg: Burnin' the Roadhouse Down Burnin' the Roadhouse Down is an album released in 1998 (see 1998 in country music) by American country music artist Steve Wariner. It was the first of three albums that he recorded for Capitol Nashville after having been dropped from Arista Records' roster in 1996. It was the second album of Wariner's career to achieve RIAA gold certification for U.S. sales of 500,000 copies, and it produced four Top 40 hit singles for Wariner on the "Billboard" country charts.

neg: Lace (band) Lace was a Canadian country music group who formed in 1998 with the backing of music producer David Foster. Active between 1998 and 2001, the band charted four singles on national country music charts, in addition to releasing a self-titled studio album on 143 Records (in association with Warner Bros. Records Nashville).

neg: The Bittersweets The Bittersweets are an alternative country duo from Nashville, Tennessee, founded by singer-songwriter Chris Meyers (guitar, keyboards, vocals) and Hannah Prater (vocals, guitar) in 2005. They frequently tour venues and festivals in the Southern United States.

neg: Belongs to You "Belongs to You" is a song written by Dave Berg, Rivers Rutherford and Tom Shapiro, and recorded by Canadian country music band Emerson Drive, who released it as a single in November 2008. It was released in December 2008 as the lead-off single to their sixth studio album, "Believe", released in Canada on May 5, 2009 via Midas Records Nashville and The Valory Music Group, the latter is an imprint of Big Machine Records.

neg: The Time Jumpers The Time Jumpers are a Western swing ensemble formed in 1998 in Nashville, Tennessee.

neg: Too Good to Be True (Edens Edge song) "Too Good to Be True" is a song written by Gordie Sampson, Hillary Lindsey, and Troy Verges, and recorded by American country music group Edens Edge. It was released in April 2012 as the second single from their debut album "Edens Edge".

neg: Flynnville Train Flynnville Train is an American country rock band. Their self-titled debut album was released on September 11, 2007, and it produced two singles on the U.S. "Billboard" Hot Country Songs charts. The band is composed of Brian Flynn (lead vocals), Brent Flynn (lead guitar), Joseph Shreve (bass guitar), and Tommy Bales (drums).

neg: Texas Roadhouse Music Texas Roadhouse Music is a musical subgenre that combines blues, classic rock, and outlaw country. It is characterized by heavy emphasis on lead guitar arrangements within the songs, and also encompasses folk-influenced singer-songwriter material.

neg: The Journey (The Oak Ridge Boys album) The Journey is a studio album released by the country/gospel group The Oak Ridge Boys. The album was released on July 27, 2004.

neg: Summertown Road Summertown Road is the second studio album by Canadian country music singer Brad Johner. It was released on October 18, 2005, by 306 Records. "She Moved", "I've Got It Good", "I'd Rather Be Lucky", "Your Love Is My Luck", "You Can't Beat an Original" and "What a Girl Wants" were released as singles.

neg: The Reason (Diamond Rio album) The Reason is the eighth studio album from American Country band Diamond Rio, released on September 22, 2009 by Word Records.

neg: I Can Still Feel You "I Can Still Feel You" is a song written by Kim Tribble and Tammy Hyler, and recorded by American country music singer Collin Raye that reached the top of the "Billboard" Hot Country Songs chart. It was released in April 1998 as the first single from his album "The Walls Came Down".

neg: Atlanta (band) Atlanta was an American country music group formed in 1982 in Nashville, Tennessee, USA. It was composed of Brad Griffis (vocals, bass guitar), Bill Davidson (vocals, guitar), Tony Ingram (vocals, fiddle), Alan David (vocals, lead guitar), Allen Collay (vocals, keyboards), Bill Packard (vocals, keyboards), Jeff Baker (bass vocal, harmonica), Dick Stevens (bass), and John Holder (drums). Between 1983 and 1988, Atlanta recorded two albums for MCA Records and charted nine hit singles on the "Billboard" country chart.

neg: Walk This Road "Walk This Road" is a single by Canadian folk music artist Bruce Guthro. Released in 1997, it was the first single from Guthro's "Of Your Son" album. The song reached #1 on the "RPM" Country Tracks chart in February 1998 and also reached #16 on the "RPM" Adult Contemporary Tracks chart.

neg: 4 Runner (album) 4 Runner is the debut album of the American country music group 4 Runner, released in 1995 on the Nashville division of Polydor Records. It produced the singles "Cain's Blood", "A Heart with 4 Wheel Drive", "Home Alone", and "Ripples", all of which charted on the "Billboard" Hot Country Singles & Tracks (now Hot Country Songs charts. Of these four single, "Cain's Blood" was the only one to chart within the Top 40, peaking at #26.

neg: Someone You Used to Know "Someone You Used to Know" is a song written by Tim Johnson and Rory Lee Feek Julian Williams, and recorded by American country music singer Collin Raye. It was released in August 1998 as the second single from his CD "The Walls Came Down". The song peaked at #3 on the U.S. "Billboard" country music charts and #5 on the Canadian "RPM" Country Tracks. It also peaked at #37 on the Billboard Hot 100 becoming Raye's biggest crossover hit.

neg: Canadian Sunrise "Canadian Sunrise" is a song recorded by Canadian country music group Prairie Oyster. It was released in 1998 as the first single from their sixth studio album, "What Is This Country?". It peaked at number 5 on the "RPM" Country Tracks chart in December 1998.

neg: I Can't Be Your Friend "I Can't Be Your Friend" is a song recorded by American country music band Rushlow. It was released in April 2003 as the first single from their debut album "Right Now". The song was written by Brad Crisler and Rodney Clawson.

neg: No More Looking over My Shoulder No More Looking over My Shoulder is American country music artist Travis Tritt's sixth album, released on Warner Bros. Records in 1998. It was the last album that he recorded with the record company before being released from his contract. The title track, "If I Lost You" and "Start The Car" were released as singles, although the latter became the first single of his career to miss Top 40 on the country charts.


query: Lawrence Turman, currently the director of the peter Stark Program at the University of Southern California produced an American adventure crime-thriller film starring Joseph Mazzello as who?

pos: Lawrence Turman Lawrence Turman (born November 28, 1926 in Los Angeles) is a film producer who currently serves as the director of The Peter Stark Producing Program at the University of Southern California. He was nominated for an Academy Award for "The Graduate" (1967). He has also produced such films such as "Pretty Poison" (1968), "The Great White Hope" (1970), "The Thing" (1982), "Mass Appeal" (1984), "Short Circuit" (1986), "The River Wild" (1994), and "American History X" (1998).

pos: The River Wild The River Wild is a 1994 American adventure crime-thriller film directed by Curtis Hanson and starring Meryl Streep, Kevin Bacon, David Strathairn, John C. Reilly, Benjamin Bratt, and Joseph Mazzello as Roarke. The film is about a family on a whitewater rafting trip who encounter two violent criminals in the wilderness.

neg: All on the Red All on the Red (Italian: "Tutto sul rosso" ) is a 1968 Italian crime-thriller film written and directed by Aldo Florio and starring Brett Halsey.

neg: Shattered Image Shattered Image is a 1998 thriller drama film written by Duane Poole and directed by Raoul Ruiz. It stars William Baldwin, Anne Parillaud and Lisanne Falk.

neg: Michael Rizzitello Michael Anthony Rizzitello (March 15, 1929 – October 26, 2005), also known as "Mike Rizzi", was an Italian American mobster in the Los Angeles crime family. Rizzitello's criminal record stretched back to 1947. He was also featured in several biography novels by mobsters-turned-informants Jimmy Fratianno ("The Last Mafioso" and "Vengeance Is Mine"), Anthony Fiato ("The Animal in Hollywood"), and Kenny Gallo ("Breakshot").

neg: The Stanford Prison Experiment (film) The Stanford Prison Experiment is a 2015 American thriller film directed by Kyle Patrick Alvarez and written by Tim Talbott. The film stars Billy Crudup, Michael Angarano, Ezra Miller, Tye Sheridan, Keir Gilchrist, Olivia Thirlby, and Nelsan Ellis. The plot tells the story of the 1971 Stanford prison experiment conducted at Stanford University under supervision of psychology professor Philip Zimbardo in which students play the role of a prisoner or a prison guard.

neg: Rob the Mob Rob the Mob is a 2014 American crime drama film directed by Raymond De Felitta and written by Jonathan Fernandez. The film stars Michael Pitt, Nina Arianda, Andy García, Ray Romano, Aida Turturro, Frank Whaley, Michael Rispoli and Joseph R. Gannascoli. The film is based on a true story.

neg: Alessandro Nivola Alessandro Antine Nivola (born June 28, 1972) is an American actor and producer, who has starred in feature films such as "Face/Off", "American Hustle", "A Most Violent Year", and also a brief appearance in "Selma".

neg: Leo Rossi Leo Rossi (born June 26, 1946) is an American actor, writer and producer. A highly prolific character actor with over 100 credits to his name, he is known for his role as foul-mouthed EMT Vincent "Budd" Scarlotti in the 1981 horror film "Halloween II", as the serial killer Turkell from the 1990 horror sequel "Maniac Cop 2", and as Detective Sam Dietz in the "Relentless" franchise. His other films include "Heart Like a Wheel" (1983), "River's Edge" (1986), "The Accused" (1988), "Analyze This" (1999), "One Night at McCool's" (2001), and "10th & Wolf" (2006).

neg: Repo Men Repo Men is a 2010 American-Canadian science fiction action-thriller film directed by Miguel Sapochnik, and starring Jude Law, Forest Whitaker, Liev Schreiber, Alice Braga and Carice van Houten. It is based on the novel "The Repossession Mambo" by Eric Garcia.

neg: The Hunters (book series) The Hunters is a book series written by Chris Kuzneski, an American author. The series follows the adventures of a team of renegades – an ex-military leader, a historian, a computer whiz, a weapons expert and a thief – financed by a billionaire philanthropist who are tasked with finding the world's most legendary treasures. The first novel in the series, "The Hunters", is currently being turned into a motion picture, directed by John Moore with the screenplay being adapted by Robert Mark Kamen. The series also ties in with Kuzneski's other series, Payne & Jones, by featuring the character Petr Ulster, a historian and curator of the Ulster Archives in Küsendorf, Switzerland, and mentioning a number of minor characters and events from the Payne & Jones universe. The third book in the series, "The Prisoner's Gold", won the Thriller Award for the 2016 Book of the Year at a gala hosted by the International Thriller Writers (ITW) in New York City on July 9, 2016.

neg: Manhattan Night Manhattan Night is a 2016 American crime film written and directed by Brian DeCubellis. It is based on the 1996 novel "Manhattan Nocturne" by Colin Harrison. The film stars Adrien Brody, Yvonne Strahovski, Jennifer Beals, Campbell Scott, Linda Lavin and Steven Berkoff. The film was released on May 20, 2016, by Lionsgate Premiere.

neg: Les Guthman Les Guthman is an American director, writer and production executive, who has the distinction of both having produced three of the "20 Top Adventure Films of All Time", according to "Men’s Journal" magazine, and having won the National Academy of Science’s (U.S) nationwide competition to find the best new idea in science television, which led to his film, "Three Nights at the Keck", hosted by actor John Lithgow.

neg: Zarra's Law Zarra's Law is a 2014 American cop drama film that made its world premiere in Finland on June 11, 2014. The film stars Tony Sirico as retired detective Tony Zarra, who gets pushed into the world of crime after the murder of his younger brother.

neg: Dead in Tombstone Dead in Tombstone is a 2013 American direct-to-video action-horror western film produced by Universal 1440 Entertainment. It was directed by Roel Reiné and written by Shane Kuhn and Brendan Cowles. The film stars Danny Trejo as Guerrero, a gang leader who gets double-crossed by his fellow gang members. Striking a pact with the Devil after entering Hell, he resurfaces to the earthly world to avenge his own death by killing the men who murdered him. The film was released in home media on October 22, 2013 and was followed by a sequel, "Dead Again in Tombstone" (2017).

neg: The Presidio (film) The Presidio is a 1988 American crime drama film directed by Peter Hyams and starring Sean Connery and Mark Harmon. Hyams also handled the cinematography and the score was composed by Bruce Broughton.

neg: Mako: The Jaws of Death Mako: The Jaws of Death is a 1976 thriller film directed by William Grefe. The film is about a brooding loner who accidentally learns that he has a telepathic and emotional connection with sharks. He eventually rebukes society and sets out to protect sharks from people. The film was set and shot on location in Key West, Florida. This film is one of the first in the wave of films that sought to capitalize on the popularity of the 1975 feature film, "Jaws". "Mako: The Jaws of Death", with its sympathetic portrayal of sharks as the real "victims" of human exploitation, is notable in the maritime horror genre for having depicted the sharks as the heroes and man as the villain.

neg: Pistol for a Hundred Coffins Pistol for a Hundred Coffins (Italian: "Una pistola per cento bare" , Spanish: "El sabor del odio" ("The Taste of Hate"), also known as A Gun for One Hundred Graves and Vengeance) is a 1968 Italian-Spanish Spaghetti Western film written and directed by Umberto Lenzi and starring Peter Lee Lawrence.

neg: The Fall (2008 film) The Fall is a 2008 independent crime film written and directed by John Krueger, starring Benjamin Ciaramello, Scott Kinworthy, and Erica Shaffer.

neg: King of New York King of New York is a 1990 Italian-American crime thriller film, starring Christopher Walken, Laurence Fishburne, David Caruso, Wesley Snipes, Victor Argo, and Giancarlo Esposito. It was directed by independent filmmaker Abel Ferrara and written by Nicholas St. John.

neg: Crazy Joe (film) Crazy Joe is a 1974 Italian drama film directed by Carlo Lizzani. It is based on the real life events of Joseph Gallo, a mobster member of the Colombo crime family. The film stars Peter Boyle in the title role, with Paula Prentiss, Fred Williamson, Rip Torn and Eli Wallach. The film is not related in any way to "Joe", the 1970 hit film also starring Boyle as a character named Joe.

neg: Fair Game (1988 film) Fair Game (Italian: Mamba ) is a 1988 Italian thriller-horror film written and directed by Mario Orfini.


query: What American footwear company was founded by Charles H. Beckman and uses the work of graphic designer Aaron Draplin?

pos: Aaron Draplin Aaron Draplin is a graphic designer, author and founder of Draplin Design Co. (DDC). Born in Detroit, Michigan, on October 15, 1973. He is now based in Portland, Oregon. His clients include Nike, Burton Snowboards, Esquire, Red Wing, Field Notes, Ford Motor Company and the Obama Administration. His book, "Pretty Much Everything", is a mid-career survey of his work including case studies and advice which was released in May 2016.

pos: Red Wing Shoes Red Wing Shoes (Red Wing Shoe Company, LLC) is an American footwear company based in Red Wing, Minnesota that was founded by Charles H. Beckman in 1905.

neg: Rayne (shoe company) Rayne (also known as H. & M. Rayne) is a British manufacturer known for high-end and couture shoes. Founded in 1899 as a theatrical costumier, it diversified into fashion shoes in the 1920s.

neg: Peter Millar (company) Peter Millar is a premium American lifestyle brand founded in 2001 with a single cashmere sweater and has expanded to a wide range of casual sportswear, tailored dress furnishings, and luxury and performance golf attire for men and women. The company maintains its headquarters in Raleigh, North Carolina, and is a wholly owned subsidiary of Compagnie Financière Richemont SA.

neg: Xero Shoes Xero Shoes are a type and brand of minimalist shoe manufactured by Feel the World Inc. in Boulder, Colorado. Designed for walking and running with shoes on, the footwear has thin, flexible soles that are contoured to the shape of the human foot.

neg: Birkenstock Birkenstock Orthopädie GmbH & Co. KG is a shoe manufacturer headquartered in Neustadt (Wied), Germany. The company sells Birkenstock, a German brand of sandals and other shoes notable for their contoured cork and rubber footbeds, which conform somewhat to the shape of their wearers' feet. Representative products include the two-strap Arizona sandal and the Boston clog.

neg: Obey (clothing) OBEY Clothing is a popular clothing producing company founded in 2001 by street artist and illustrator Shepard Fairey as an extension to his work in activism.

neg: Wet Seal Wet Seal was an American teen clothing retailer headquartered in Foothill Ranch, California. It carried low, budget or economy priced brand name and company-designed apparel and accessories. The company was founded in Newport Beach, California by Lorne Huycke in 1962 as "Lorne's." The "Wet Seal" name comes from a comment Lorne Huycke made during a fashion show commenting that a model wearing a bathing suit looked like a "wet seal." The company was incorporated as Wet Seal in 1990.

neg: The Walking Company The Walking Company, Inc., is a United States-based comfort footwear company and subsidiary of The Walking Company Holdings, Inc., that was founded in 1991 in Chatsworth, California.

neg: LA Gear LA Gear (or L.A. Gear) is an American shoe company based in Los Angeles, California. Founded by Robert Greenberg in 1979 and currently owned by ACI International.

neg: Aaron Schwarz Aaron B. Schwarz is an American architect and founder of Plan A, a small firm in New York City. Prior to starting Plan A, Aaron partnered with Bradford Perkins and Mary-Jean Eastman as a founding principal when Perkins Eastman reorganized in 1984. His architectural works include higher education buildings at New York City College of Technology, Cornell University, Columbia University, UConn and Westchester Community College, as well as projects in India and China. Other notable design work includes the development of a "protoparts" system for the New York City Department of Education.

neg: Nine West Holdings Nine West Holdings (formerly The Jones Group and Jones Apparel Group), a company with over 6,000 employees, is an American designer, marketer and wholesaler of branded clothing, shoes and accessories.

neg: Worksman Cycles Worksman Cycles is a family-owned American manufacturer of bicycles and tricycles for industrial, commercial and recreational use. The company was founded in 1898 and is headquartered in Ozone Park in the borough of Queens in New York City. The company operates an additional factory in Conway, South Carolina. Worksman is the oldest bicycle manufacturer in the USA and has operated its own factory-direct e-commerce store since 2004.

neg: Samaritan's Feet Samaritan's Feet, based in Charlotte, North Carolina, is a 501(c)(3) nonprofit organization that "shares a message of hope and love through washing the feet of impoverished children around the world and adorning them with new shoes." Founded by Emmanuel "Manny" and Tracie Ohonme in 2003, Samaritan's Feet has distributed over 6.5 million pairs of shoes in 75 different countries since its inception.

neg: Patrick Cox Patrick Cox (born March 19, 1963) is a Canadian-British fashion designer and an eponymous fashion label specializing in the creation of shoes, leather goods and accessories. Cox is most noted for the use of unusual materials and a mixture of avant-garde and traditional styles.

neg: Eileen Fisher Eileen Fisher (born June 6, 1950) is an American clothing designer and founder of the women's clothing brand Eileen Fisher, Inc. Fisher's designs are characterized by simplicity, and her company is known for using non-traditional models in its print advertisements, including its own employees.

neg: Ronda Carman Ronda Rice Carman (born April 20, 1970) is an American writer and founder of All the Best: A Passport to Stylish Living, Designers at Home: Personal Reflections on Stylish Living and Ronda Carman Fine Fabrics. All the Best was named as one of ten top design blogs in 2010 Fox News Carman is also a contributing writer for "New York Social Diary" and the "Huffington Post". Carman's first book Designers At Home: Personal Reflections on Stylish Living is published by Rizzoli and was named by Amazon Best Interior Design Book for 2013. In early 2014 Ronda started her own luxury fabric line Ronda Carman Fine Fabrics - Made in Scotland.

neg: The Athlete's Foot The Athlete's Foot (TAF) is a global retailer of athletic inspired footwear, apparel and accessories. Its headquarters are located in Bern, Switzerland.

neg: David D. Doniger & Company David D. Doniger & Company was a manufacturer of branded sportswear in the United States founded in 1921. It was the largest such US company in the mid-twentieth century, with sales of $50,000,000 in 7,000 outlets in 1956.

neg: HTnaturals HTnaturals is a Canadian clothing and accessories company based in Vancouver, BC. The company focuses mainly on wholesale sales to third party retailers but also operates a factory outlet in Vancouver and an online store. Founded in 1998, HTnaturals has grown from a fledgling home-based business to a thriving leader in the natural and organic clothing industry.

neg: Aharon Wasserman Aharon Wasserman (born December 11, 1986) is an entrepreneur and software designer. Currently he serves as the Vice President of Creative and Marketing for NGP VAN, the data company at the center of the Democratic Party's technology infrastructure. He co-founded NationalField, a company started on the 2008 Obama campaign to help monitor the daily activities of the sprawling grassroots effort with Justin Lewis and Edward Saatchi.

neg: Paul Andrew (designer) Paul Andrew is an English footwear designer, currently based in New York City. He launched his eponymous women's footwear line in September 2012. In September 2016 he was named the first ever Women's Footwear Design Director at Salvatore Ferragamo.