query: Who opened fire during a 2015 romantic comedy staring Amy Schumer?

pos: 2015 Lafayette shooting On July 23, 2015, a shooting occurred at the Grand 16 movie theater in Lafayette, Louisiana. John Russell Houser, age 59, opened fire during a showing of the film "Trainwreck", killing two people and injuring nine others before committing suicide.

pos: Trainwreck (film) Trainwreck is a 2015 American romantic comedy film directed by Judd Apatow and written by Amy Schumer. The film stars Schumer and Bill Hader along with an ensemble cast that includes Brie Larson, Colin Quinn, John Cena, Tilda Swinton, Ezra Miller and LeBron James. The film is about a hard-drinking, promiscuous young magazine writer named Amy (Schumer) who has her first serious relationship with a sports doctor named Aaron (Hader).

neg: Amy Fisher Amy Elizabeth Fisher (born August 21, 1974) is an American woman who became known as "the Long Island Lolita" by the media in 1992, when, at the age of 17, she shot and severely wounded Mary Jo Buttafuoco, the wife of her illicit lover, Joey Buttafuoco. Initially charged with first-degree attempted murder, she eventually pleaded guilty to first-degree aggravated assault and served seven years in prison. Paroled in 1999, Fisher became a writer and a pornographic actress.

neg: Adam Brody Adam Jared Brody (born December 15, 1979) is an American actor, writer, musician and producer. He is best known for his role as Seth Cohen on "The O.C.". Brody has appeared in the films "Mr. & Mrs. Smith" (2005), "Thank You for Smoking" (2006), "In the Land of Women" (2007), "Jennifer's Body" (2009), "Cop Out" (2010), "Scream 4" (2011), "Lovelace" (2013), "Life Partners" (2014), and "Sleeping with Other People" (2015).

neg: The Young Kieslowski The Young Kieslowski is a 2014 romantic comedy, written and directed by Kerem Sanga, and loosely inspired by the story of his own parents.

neg: Amy (2015 film) Amy is a 2015 British documentary film about the life and death of British singer-songwriter Amy Winehouse. Directed by Asif Kapadia and produced by James Gay-Rees, George Pank, and Paul Bell and co-produced by Krishwerkz Entertainment, On The Corner Films, Playmaker Films, and Universal Music, in association with Film 4. The film covers Winehouse's life and her struggle with substance abuse, both before and after her career blossomed, and which eventually caused her death.

neg: Crank (film) Crank is a 2006 American black comedy action film written and directed by Mark Neveldine and Brian Taylor and starring Jason Statham, Amy Smart and Jose Pablo Cantillo. The plot centers on a British hitman in Los Angeles named Chev Chelios who is poisoned and must keep his adrenaline flowing constantly in order to keep himself alive. He does so by various methods including taking drugs and getting into fights, while he tries to track down the man who poisoned him. The title of the film comes from the slang word for methamphetamine.

neg: Firebreather (film) Firebreather is an American CGI animated television film, based on the Image Comics comic book series of the same name, which premiered on November 24, 2010 on Cartoon Network. It was directed by Peter Chung from a screenplay by James Krieg based on a story of Phil Hester and Andy Kuhn, and stars the voices of Jesse Head, Dana Delany, Kevin Michael Richardson, Reed Diamond, Dante Basco, Tia Texada, and Amy Davidson.

neg: Me Him Her Me Him Her is a 2015 American comedy film written and directed by Max Landis, in his directorial debut. The film stars Luke Bracey, Dustin Milligan, and Emily Meade. The film had its world premiere at the Seattle International Film Festival on June 5, 2015. The film was released in a limited release and through video on demand on March 11, 2016, by FilmBuff.

neg: Indignation (film) Indignation is a 2016 American drama film written, produced, and directed by James Schamus, making his feature directorial debut, and based on Philip Roth's 2008 novel of the same name. The film is set mostly in Ohio, in the early 1950s, and stars Logan Lerman, Sarah Gadon, Tracy Letts, Linda Emond, Danny Burstein, Ben Rosenfield, Pico Alexander, Philip Ettinger, and Noah Robbins.

neg: 2015 Washington, D.C., mass killing On May 14, 2015, three members of the Savopoulos family—Savvas, Amy, and their son Philip—as well as their housekeeper, Veralicia Figueroa, were killed at the Savopoulos home in Washington, D.C. The victims were held hostage for nineteen hours, starting on May 13. Ten-year-old Philip was tortured in order to coerce $40,000 in cash from the family.

neg: Mia Xitlali Jessica Maria Xitlali Tenorio ("Seet-la-lee"; born July 29, 1999), known professionally as Mia Xitlali, is an American actress and singer best known for the 2015 feature film "Max".

neg: The Girl with the Lower Back Tattoo The Girl with the Lower Back Tattoo is a humorous autobiographical book by American stand-up comedian and actress Amy Schumer. It topped "The New York Times" Best Seller list shortly after its release in 2016.

neg: Altered Minds Altered Minds (originally titled The Red Robin) is a 2015 psychological thriller film directed by Michael Z. Wechsler, starring Judd Hirsch, Ryan O'Nan, C.S. Lee, Caroline Lagerfelt, Jaime Ray Newman, Joseph Lyle Taylor, Dennis Flanagan, Jake Miller, and Lily Pilblad.

neg: Equals (film) Equals is a 2015 American science fiction romantic drama film directed by Drake Doremus, produced by Michael Pruss, Chip Diggins, Ann Ruak, Michael Schaefer, Ridley Scott, and Jay Stern, and written by Nathan Parker from a story by Doremus. It stars Nicholas Hoult and Kristen Stewart as two people diagnosed with a disease that restores their human compassion and emotions in a dystopian world where emotions do not exist. Additional roles are played by Guy Pearce and Jacki Weaver.

neg: No Way Jose No Way Jose is a 2015 American comedy-drama film. Adam Goldberg directed the film from a screenplay that he co-wrote with Sarah Kate Levy. It stars Adam Goldberg, Ahna O'Reilly, Pat Healy, Emily Osment and Gillian Jacobs. The premiere of the movie in the United States was on July 7, 2015.

neg: Person to Person (Mad Men) "Person to Person" is the series finale of the American television drama series "Mad Men" and the 92nd episode of the series overall. The episode was written and directed by series creator Matthew Weiner, and originally aired on AMC on May 17, 2015.

neg: Sleeping with Other People Sleeping with Other People is a 2015 American romantic comedy film directed and written by Leslye Headland. The film stars Jason Sudeikis, Alison Brie, Natasha Lyonne, Amanda Peet, and Adam Scott. Premiering at the 2015 Sundance Film Festival on January 24, 2015, the film was released theatrically on September 11, 2015, by IFC Films.

neg: Shannon Richardson Shannon Guess Richardson (née Rogers; born August 31, 1977) is a former American actress and convicted felon. She worked in television and film roles, most notably "The Walking Dead", but is best known for sending ricin-laced letters to U.S. President Barack Obama and New York City mayor Michael Bloomberg, for which she was convicted and sentenced to 18 years imprisonment in July 2014.

neg: Miranda Prather Miranda Prather is an American woman who gained national attention in July 1997 after police arrested her for faking a hate crime. A lesbian, Prather was a graduate assistant and president of the campus gay and lesbian support group at Eastern New Mexico University. Until 2016, she worked as the executive director for PublishAmerica.

neg: Ashley Nicole Black Ashley Nicole Black is an American comedian, actress, and writer from Los Angeles, California. In 2016, she became a writer and correspondent for "Full Frontal with Samantha Bee".

neg: Francine Hughes Francine Moran Hughes (later Wilson; August 17, 1947 – March 22, 2017) was an American woman who, after 13 years of domestic abuse, set fire to the bed of her live-in ex-husband Mickey Hughes, on March 9, 1977, in Dansville, Michigan. Mickey was killed and the house destroyed in the resulting fire. At trial, Hughes was found not guilty by reason of temporary insanity in one of the first cases involving "battered-woman syndrome" as a defense.


query: What battle turned the tide for a theatre of war that the British 143rd Infantry Brigade saw active service in?

pos: 143rd Infantry Brigade (United Kingdom) The 143rd Infantry Brigade was an infantry brigade of the British Army that saw active service in both World War I and World War II. In the First World War the brigade served on both Western Front and later the Italian Front. During the Second World War the brigade fought in Belgium and France before being evacuated to England where it remained for the rest of the war and was finally disbanded in 1946. Raised again in the 1980s, this brigade disbanded under Army 2020 in November 2014.

pos: Western Front (World War I) The Western Front was the main theatre of war during the First World War. Following the outbreak of war in August 1914, the German Army opened the Western Front by invading Luxembourg and Belgium, then gaining military control of important industrial regions in France. The tide of the advance was dramatically turned with the Battle of the Marne. Following the Race to the Sea, both sides dug in along a meandering line of fortified trenches, stretching from the North Sea to the Swiss frontier with France, which changed little except during early 1917 and in 1918.

neg: 223rd Brigade (United Kingdom) The 223rd Brigade was a Home Defence formation of the British Army in World War I and World War II. It existed under several variations of the 223 Brigade title, and was eventually converted into an airborne formation.

neg: Battle of Étreux The Battle of Étreux was a rearguard action fought at Étreux by the British Expeditionary Force during the Great Retreat on the Western Front in 1914.

neg: Battle of the Basque Roads The Battle of the Basque Roads, also known as the Battle of Aix Roads (French: "Bataille de l'île d'Aix", also "Affaire des brûlots", rarely "Bataille de la rade des Basques") was a major naval battle of the Napoleonic Wars, fought in the narrow Basque Roads at the mouth of the Charente River on the Biscay coast of France. The battle, which lasted from 11–25 April 1809, was unusual in that it pitted a hastily-assembled squadron of small and unorthodox British Royal Navy warships against the main strength of the French Atlantic Fleet, the circumstances dictated by the cramped, shallow coastal waters in which the battle was fought. The battle is also notorious for its political aftermath in both Britain and France.

neg: First Battle of Garua The First Battle of Garua took place from 29 to 31 August 1914 during the Kamerun Campaign of the First World War between German and invading British forces in northern Kamerun at Garua. It was the first significant action to take place in the campaign and resulted in the German repulsion of the British force.

neg: Trafalgar Campaign The Trafalgar Campaign was a long and complicated series of fleet manoeuvres carried out by the combined French and Spanish fleets; and the opposing moves of the Royal Navy during much of 1805. These were the culmination of French plans to force a passage through the English Channel, and so achieve a successful invasion of the United Kingdom. The plans were extremely complicated and proved to be impractical. Much of the detail was due to the personal intervention of Napoleon, who as a soldier rather than a sailor failed to consider the effects of weather, difficulties in communication, and the Royal Navy. Despite limited successes in achieving some elements of the plan the French commanders were unable to follow the main objective through to execution. The campaign, which took place over thousands of miles of ocean, was marked by several naval engagements, most significantly at the Battle of Trafalgar on 21 October, where the combined fleet was decisively defeated, and from which the campaign takes its name. A final mopping up action at the Battle of Cape Ortegal on 4 November completed the destruction of the combined fleet, and secured the supremacy of the Royal Navy at sea.

neg: Gibraltar Brigade The "Gibraltar Brigade" was a famed infantry brigade within the Army of the Potomac during the American Civil War. Noted for its tenacity in combat, the brigade drew its nickname from the steadfastness of the Rock of Gibraltar. It served in many of the leading battles of the Eastern Theater, including key actions during the Battle of Gettysburg in July 1863 when elements of the brigade counter-attacked Confederates from North Carolina and the Louisiana Tigers on Cemetery Hill. Another portion of the brigade helped repulse Pickett's Charge the following day.

neg: Battle of Lissa (1811) The Battle of Lissa (sometimes called the Battle of Vis; French: "Bataille de Lissa" ; Italian: "Battaglia di Lissa" ; Croatian: "Viška bitka" ) was a naval action fought between a British frigate squadron and a larger squadron of French and Italian frigates and smaller ships on 13 March 1811 during the Adriatic campaign of the Napoleonic Wars. The engagement was fought in the Adriatic Sea for possession of the strategically important island of Lissa (also known as Vis), from which the British squadron had been disrupting French shipping in the Adriatic. The French needed to control the Adriatic to supply a growing army in the Illyrian Provinces, and consequently dispatched an invasion force in March 1811 consisting of six frigates, numerous smaller craft and a battalion of Italian soldiers.

neg: Battle of Tsimba Ridge The Battle of Tsimba Ridge was an engagement of the Second World War involving Australian and Japanese forces. Part of the wider Bougainville Campaign of the Pacific theatre, the battle occurred in the northern sector of Bougainville Island between 17 January and 9 February 1945, when the lead battalion of the Australian 11th Brigade—the 31st/51st Infantry Battalion—advanced towards the Genga River as part of a drive north to the Bonis Peninsula.

neg: 36th Infantry Brigade (United Kingdom) The 36th Infantry Brigade was an infantry brigade formation of British Army that fought in World War I, as part of 12th (Eastern) Division, on the Western Front. The brigade also fought in World War II, again with 12th Division and later with 78th "Battleaxe" Division in France, Tunisia and Italy.

neg: Vardar Offensive The Vardar Offensive (Bulgarian: Офанзива при Вардар ) was a World War I military operation, fought between 15 and 29 September 1918. The operation took place during the final stage of the Balkans Campaign. On September 15, a combined force of Serbian, French and Greek troops attacked the Bulgarian-held trenches in Dobro Pole ("Good Field"), at the time part of the Kingdom of Serbia (present day Republic of Macedonia). The assault and the preceding artillery preparation had devastating effects on Bulgarian morale, eventually leading to mass desertions.

neg: 139th (Sherwood Foresters) Brigade The 139th (Sherwood Foresters) Brigade was an infantry brigade of the British Army that saw active service in World War I with the 46th (North Midland) Division. Later designated the 139th Infantry Brigade, the brigade also saw service with the 46th Infantry Division in World War II.

neg: Essex Brigade The Essex Brigade, later 161st Brigade and 161st Infantry Brigade, was a volunteer infantry formation of the British Army in existence from 1888 until 1941, and again from 1947. It served at Gallipoli and in Palestine during World War I and returned to Egypt in the early part of World War II before transferring to the British Indian Army and redesignated 161st Indian Infantry Brigade. In peacetime and during the wars the brigade was an integral part of the 54th (East Anglian) Infantry Division and contained mostly battalions of the Essex Regiment.

neg: Battle of Le Grand Fayt The Battle of Le Grand Fayt was a rearguard action fought at Grand-Fayt by the British Expeditionary Force during the Great Retreat on the Western Front in 1914.

neg: Battle of Alton The Battle of Alton (also Storm of Alton), of the First English Civil War, took place on 13 December 1643 in the town of Alton, Hampshire, England. There, Parliamentary forces serving under Sir William Waller led a successful surprise attack on a winter garrison of Royalist infantry and cavalry serving under the Earl of Crawford. In the context of the First English Civil War, the Battle of Alton was the first decisive defeat of Sir Ralph Hopton, leader of Royalist forces in the south, and the event had a significant psychological effect on him as commander. More important to Hopton was the loss of men, however, as he was already short-handed in much-needed infantry. The successful Parliamentarians were able, after their victory, to attack and successfully besiege Arundel, a larger and more formidable Royalist outpost in the south of England.

neg: Battle of Belleau Wood The Battle of Belleau Wood (1–26 June 1918) occurred during the German Spring Offensive in World War I, near the Marne River in France. The battle was fought between the U.S. 2nd (under the command of Major General Omar Bundy) and 3rd Divisions along with French and British forces against an assortment of German units including elements from the 237th, 10th, 197th, 87th, and 28th Divisions. The battle has become a key component of the lore of the United States Marine Corps.

neg: Battle of Arras (1914) The Battle of Arras (also known as the First Battle of Arras, 1–4 October 1914), was an attempt by the French Army to outflank the German Army, which was attempting to do the same thing during the "Race to the Sea", the reciprocal attempts by both sides, to exploit conditions created during the First Battle of the Aisne. At the First Battle of Picardy (22–26 September) each side had attacked expecting to advance round an open northern flank and found instead that troops had arrived from further south and extended the flank northwards.

neg: Battle of Armentières The Battle of Armentières (also Battle of Lille) was fought by German and Franco-British forces in northern France in October 1914, during reciprocal attempts by the armies to envelop the northern flank of their opponent, which has been called the Race to the Sea. Troops of the British Expeditionary Force (BEF) moved north from the Aisne front in early October and then joined in a general advance with French troops further south, pushing German cavalry and Jäger back towards Lille until 19 October. German infantry reinforcements of the 6th Army arrived in the area during October.

neg: 53rd (Welsh) Infantry Division The 53rd (Welsh) Infantry Division was an infantry division of the British Army that fought in both World War I and World War II. Originally raised in 1908 as the Welsh Division, part of the Territorial Force (TF), the division saw service in World War I, being designated 53rd (Welsh) Division in mid-1915, and fought in the Gallipoli Campaign and in the Middle East. Remaining active in the Territorial Army (TA) during the interwar period as a peace-time formation, the division again saw action in World War II, fighting in North-western Europe from June 1944 until May 1945.

neg: 303rd Infantry Brigade (United Kingdom) 303rd Infantry Brigade (303 Bde) was a formation of the British Army organised from surplus Royal Artillery (RA) personnel retrained as infantry towards the end of World War II.

neg: Battle of Montereau The Battle of Montereau (18 February 1814) was fought during the War of the Sixth Coalition between an Imperial French army led by Emperor Napoleon and a corps of Austrians and Württembergers commanded by Crown Prince Frederick William of Württemberg. While Napoleon's army mauled an Allied army under Gebhard Leberecht von Blücher, the main Allied army commanded by Karl Philipp, Prince of Schwarzenberg advanced to a position dangerously close to Paris. Gathering up his outnumbered forces, Napoleon rushed his soldiers south to deal with Schwarzenberg. Hearing of the approach of the French emperor, the Allied commander ordered a withdrawal, but 17 February saw his rear guards overrun or brushed aside.


query: Herbert John Hodgson published the literature by this British archaeologist, military officer, diplomat, and writer renowned for his involvement in the Arab Revolt against the Ottoman Empire and whose wartime activities were depicted in which film?

pos: Herbert John Hodgson Herbert John Hodgson (2 June 1893, Camberwell – 10 August 1974, London) is regarded as one of the most skilled printers of the twentieth century. After serving in the First World War, with Roy Manning Pike he printed the rare 1926 subscribers' edition of The Seven Pillars of Wisdom by T. E. Lawrence. From 1927 to 1936 he worked at the Gregynog Press for fine books in mid-Wales.

pos: T. E. Lawrence Thomas Edward Lawrence, (16 August 1888 – 19 May 1935) was a British archaeologist, military officer, diplomat, and writer. He was renowned for his liaison role during the Sinai and Palestine Campaign and the Arab Revolt against the Ottoman Empire during the First World War. The breadth and variety of his activities and associations, and his ability to describe them vividly in writing, earned him international fame as Lawrence of Arabia—a title used for the 1962 film based on his wartime activities.

neg: Johnny Hyde (RAF officer) Wing Commander Ernest Leslie ‘Johnny’ Hyde DFC (1914–1942), was a British senior officer in the Royal Air Force during World War II, best known for his lead role in the Ministry of Information film "Coastal Command" that was released after his early death from wounds suffered during air operations over Norway in 1942.

neg: Francis Stewart Montague-Bates Brigadier-General Francis Stewart 'Frank' Montague-Bates, {'1': ", '2': ", '3': ", '4': "} , (1876–1954) was a British Army officer in the early part of the 20th century, seeing active service in the Second Boer War, the First World War, the Occupation of Constantinople, the Anglo-Irish War, and the Second World War.

neg: Reginald Campbell Reginald Campbell (1894–1950) was a British writer. His novel "Poo Lorn of the Elephants" was filmed by Alejandro Jodorowsky in 1980 under the name "Tusk". Another novel, "Tiger Valley", was filmed in 1936 by Howard Bretherton as "The Girl from Mandalay". He described his personal experiences from Thailand in the book "Teak-Wallah: The Adventures of a Young Englishman in Thailand in the 1920s".

neg: John Staples Harriott John Staples Harriott (1780–1839) was a British army officer stationed in India, in the service of the East India Company. He came to acquire the "Jami' al-tawarikh" in its original manuscript. In his studies of the Roma people, he made an identification with a legend of Bahram Gur and the Luri to support a Romani presence in Sasanid Persia, now considered to be an unjustified and uncritical deduction that has persisted.

neg: Colonel Ross Colonel Ross is a fictional character in the Harry Palmer series of novels by Len Deighton and the film adaptations of the books where he was portrayed by New Zealand actor Guy Doleman. A senior officer in British military intelligence Ross oversees a department whose activities are similar to those of MI6. His first name is not revealed.

neg: Theirs Is the Glory Theirs is the Glory (a.k.a. "Men of Arnhem"), is a 1946 British war film about the British 1st Airborne Division's involvement in the Battle of Arnhem (17 September to 25 September 1944) during Operation Market Garden in the Second World War. It was the first film to be made about this battle, and the biggest grossing war movie for nearly a decade. The later film "A Bridge Too Far" depicts the operation as a whole and includes the British, Polish and American Airborne forces, while "Theirs is the Glory" focuses solely on the British forces, and their fight at Oosterbeek and Arnhem.

neg: A Dangerous Man: Lawrence After Arabia A Dangerous Man: Lawrence After Arabia is a British television film of 1992 depicting the experiences of T. E. Lawrence and Emir Feisal of the Hejaz at the Paris Peace Conference after the end of the First World War. One of the conference's many concerns was determining the fates of territories formerly under the rule of the defeated Ottoman Empire. The film stars Ralph Fiennes (in his first film role) as T. E. Lawrence, Alexander Siddig (then credited as Siddig El-Fadil) as Faisal, Denis Quilley as Lord Curzon, and Nicholas Jones as Lord Dyson. It was made by Anglia Films and Enigma Television, and was first screened on 18 April 1992 on the ITV network.

neg: Rex Davis Captain Reginald Graham Davis {'1': ", '2': ", '3': ", '4': "} (7 November 1890 – 1 December 1951), known as Rex Davis, was a British soldier, silent film actor and sportsman.

neg: West of Suez West of Suez, released in the United States as The Fighting Wildcats, is a 1957 British drama film directed by Arthur Crabtree and starring Keefe Brasselle, Kay Callard and Karel Stepanek. An adventurer is hired to assassinate the leader of an Arab movement advocating peace, but is unable to complete his mission.

neg: Napoleon at Saint Helena Napoleon at Saint Helena (German: Napoleon auf Sankt Helena) is a 1929 German silent historical film directed by Lupu Pick and starring Werner Krauss, Hanna Ralph and Albert Bassermann. The film depicts the final years of Napoleon between 1815 and 1821 during his period of exile on the British Atlantic island of Saint Helena following his defeat at Waterloo.

neg: Soldiers of the King (film) Soldiers of the King is a 1933 British historical comedy film directed by Maurice Elvey and starring Cicely Courtneidge, Edward Everett Horton and Anthony Bushell. It was Courtneidge's fourth film, and the first she appeared in without her husband Jack Hulbert. Courtneidge plays the matriarch of a music hall family, in a plot that switches between the Victorian era and the 1930s present.

neg: Few Eggs and No Oranges Few Eggs and No Oranges, the diary of Vere Hodgson, recounts life on the home front during the Second World War. It was first published in 1976 by Dennis Dobson and again in 1999 by Persephone Books. Described by the author as "a diary showing how unimportant people in London and Birmingham lived through the war years", the published diaries begin on 25 June 1940, the morning after the first air raid on London.

neg: Defence of Sevastopol Defence of Sevastopol (Russian: Оборона Севастополя, or Воскресший Севастополь ) is a 1911 historical war film about the Siege of Sevastopol during the Crimean War and one of the most important films in the history of Russian cinema and cinema in general. It was the first feature film made in the Russian Empire and it premiered on October 26 at the Livadia Palace of Tsar Nicolas II. It was also the first film in the world recorded using two cameras. The film was also notable for using special "sound effects" (gun and canon fire) and for using the actual war veterans as consultants.

neg: The Thousand Plane Raid The Thousand Plane Raid (also known as The One Thousand Plane Raid) is a 1969 film directed by Boris Sagal. It stars Christopher George and Laraine Stephens. Although claimed to be derived from Ralph Barker's "The Thousand Plane Raid", the storyline inaccurately portrays the first raid as an 8th Air Force mission while the actual attack was undertaken by 1,047 Royal Air Force bombers against the city of Cologne, Germany in May 1942.

neg: John Squire (British Army officer) John Squire (1780–1812) was a British Army officer who rose to become a brevet lieutenant-colonel in the Corps of Royal Engineers during the Napoleonic Wars. Being a writer and diarist who kept journals of his travels, these and his supporting role in some of military campaigning's great moments – Egypt in 1801, South America in 1807, Sweden in 1808, the Netherlands at various stages and Spain in 1811-12 – have made Squire a moderately well-known figure among scholars who study the era.

neg: William Roy Hodgson Lieutenant Colonel William Roy Hodgson {'1': ", '2': ", '3': ", '4': "} (22 May 189224 January 1958) was an Australian soldier, public servant and diplomat. His significant achievements were being involved in the formation of the United Nations General Assembly and representing Australia internationally at many diplomatic conferences during the Second World War, and being a member of the drafting committee of the UN Universal Declaration of Human Rights.

neg: Australians in Egypt Australians in Egypt is a 1915 Australian documentary film about Australian troops in Egypt made by Vic Newton. The film was used as a recruiting tool for the Australian Department of Defence.

neg: A Foreign Field A Foreign Field is a 1993 British made-for-television film about British and American Second World War veterans returning to the beaches of Normandy as old men. It is more a drama than a comedy, although it combines aspects of both. It was directed by Charles Sturridge and featured an ensemble cast of American, Australian, British, and French actors and actresses. The title evokes the Rupert Brooke poem "The Soldier".

neg: John Huntley (film historian) John Frederick Huntley (18 July 1921 – 7 August 2003) was an English film historian, educator and archivist.

neg: Frederick Baker Frederick Douglas Stephan "Fred" Baker (born 26 January 1965) is an Austrian-British filmmaker, media scholar, and archaeologist.


query: When did the British/Irish digital television channel, which features Spliced, first launch?

pos: Spliced (TV series) Spliced is a Canadian animated television series produced by Teletoon and Nelvana. The series made its world premiere on Jetix in Latin America on April 20, 2009. The series has aired in Canada on Teletoon, in the United States on Qubo, in Australia on ABC3, in the United Kingdom on Nicktoons, in Latin America on Disney XD, and in Sweden on Nickelodeon. The series began airing in the United States on Qubo on September 19, 2009 until the network dropped it from its lineup on October 24, 2009 but returned on September 28, 2010 as part of its "Night Owl" block and was discontinued on March 31, 2012. Beginning early in 2014, YTV began airing reruns on weekdays. In 2014, the series was added onto the "Always On" digital platform of Cartoon Network in the United States. It was removed in early 2015.

pos: Nicktoons (UK and Ireland) Nicktoons is a British/Irish digital television channel, launched on 22 July 2002. It is a cartoon based sister channel to Nickelodeon. The channel airs Nicktoons, as well as acquired programming from outside providers. Unlike the United States version, it has been ad-supported since launch.

neg: BBC First BBC First is an entertainment subscription television channel featuring comedy and drama programming. The channel is wholly owned and operated by BBC Worldwide. The channel began rolling out internationally in 2014, launching first in Australia.

neg: CD:UK CD:UK (CountDown:United Kingdom), stylised as cd:uk, is a British music television programme. Originally run in conjunction with "SMTV Live", the programme first aired on ITV on 29 August 1998 to rival the BBC's "Live & Kicking" and was the replacement for "The Chart Show", which had been airing on the network for nine and a half years.

neg: Horror Channel The Horror Channel (formerly Zone Horror) is a British television channel showing Horror films and television series and some science fiction. It is broadcast in the UK, Ireland and Italy.

neg: Life TV Life TV (known as Liberty TV until 5 October 2001) was a British television channel owned and operated by Life TV Media. It launched in October 2000 and was the first television channel from the company. After its launch Life TV Media also launched three other channels, Life 24, Life Showcase TV and Life One.

neg: Sky 1 Sky 1 is a channel operated and owned by Sky plc. It is a British general entertainment channel operated in the United Kingdom and Ireland.

neg: Spike (UK) Spike UK is a British digital television channel owned by Viacom International Media Networks Europe. Launching on 15 April 2015 on Freeview, it is a localised version of the American channel of the same name, and primarily airs entertainment programming geared towards a male audience, including import dramas, programming from its U.S. counterpart, and mixed martial arts.

neg: Saturday Live (Irish TV series) Saturday Live is a televised talk show hosted by various guest presenters and broadcast live on Saturday nights. The show was broadcast during the autumn-spring season (October - April) and was created to fill the vacant Saturday night slot after the departure of "The Late Late Show" from Saturday to Friday nights. It was first broadcast on RTÉ One on Saturday 25 October 1986. "Saturday Live" featured guest interviews and live music from guest music groups and featured a mix of serious discussion and light chat aimed at a younger audience than its main rival, "The Late Late Show". The original programme ended on 11 April 1988.

neg: Digital terrestrial television in Denmark Digital terrestrial television in Denmark was technically launched in March 2006 after some years of public trials. The official launch was at midnight on November 1, 2009, where the analogue broadcasts shut down nationwide.

neg: Carlton Select Carlton Select was a British digital television channel, owned by Carlton Television. It was originally launched in June 1995 as "SelecTV" before being purchased by Carlton in 1997 who relaunched it as Carlton Select.

neg: BBC Red Button BBC Red Button is a branding used for digital interactive television services provided by the BBC, and broadcast in the United Kingdom. The services replaced Ceefax, the BBC's analogue teletext service. The service can be accessed via Digital terrestrial television (DTT) (DVB-T), satellite television (DVB-S) and cable television (DVB-C).

neg: Sky Deutschland Sky Deutschland AG, branded as Sky, is a German media company which operates a Direct Broadcast Satellite Pay TV platform in Germany, Austria and Switzerland (through Teleclub) offering a collection of basic and premium digital subscription television channels of different categories via satellite and cable television.

neg: ITV (TV network) ITV is a commercial TV network in the United Kingdom. Launched in 1955 as Independent Television under the auspices of the Independent Television Authority (ITA, then after the Sound Broadcasting Act 1972, Independent Broadcasting Authority, now Ofcom) to provide competition to the long established BBC, it is also the oldest commercial network in the UK. Since the passing of the Broadcasting Act 1990 its legal name has been Channel 3, to distinguish it from the other analogue channels at the time, namely BBC 1, BBC 2 and Channel 4. In part, the number 3 was assigned as television sets would usually be tuned so that the regional ITV station would be on the third button, with the other stations being allocated to the number within their name.

neg: PDTV PDTV is an abbreviation short for "Pure Digital Television". Often seen as part of the filename of TV shows shared through P2P and The Scene FTP systems on the Internet. In this case, PDTV refers not to container, bitrate or dimensions of the video, but the digital nature of the capture source. Non Scene European rippers often use the label DVBRip or "DVB-rip" to specify a purely digital rip of a Digital Video Broadcast (DVB), however all Scene groups use standardized labeling.

neg: Setanta Sports News Setanta Sports News was a television channel from Virgin Media Television and Setanta Sports. The channel launched on 29 November 2007. as a rolling 24-hour sports news channel using the strength of the Setanta Sports brand across the United Kingdom and Ireland. It was available to all Virgin Media customers and also free-to-view on satellite and online. The channel was seen as Virgin Media's rival to Sky Sports News, which was removed from their platform on 1 March 2007 as their contract with British Sky Broadcasting had ended. However, when Virgin Media reinstated Sky Sports News onto their television platform, their Setanta rival remained an active channel.

neg: Diva TV Diva TV was a British TV channel owned by Universal Networks International, which launched on Sky in the UK and Ireland on channel 269 at midday on 1 October 2007.

neg: 4Music 4Music is a music and entertainment channel in the United Kingdom and available on some digital television providers in the Republic of Ireland. The channel launched on 15 August 2008, replacing The Hits. It is the only Channel 4-branded channel within The Box Plus Network. It is available on Freeview, Virgin Media and Sky. On 2 April 2013, all Box Television channels went free-to-air on satellite, apart from 4Music which went free-to-view. As a result, the channels were removed from the Sky EPG in Ireland. However, 4Music went free-to-air on February 7, 2017 and launched on Freesat, replacing The Box.

neg: FreeSports FreeSports is a channel operated and owned by Premier Media S.à r.l. It is a British sports channel operated in the United Kingdom. The channel launched on 31 August 2017.

neg: Performance MainStreet Performance MainStreet (or Mainstreet as it appeared on the EPG) was an arts and entertainment television channel broadcast in the United Kingdom, on the Sky Digital platform.

neg: Movies 24 Movies 24 is a television channel in the United Kingdom owned and operated by NBCUniversal. It launched on 26 June 2006 on Sky. On 21 October 2017 the channels will be rebranded as Christmas 24 and Christmas 24 + until 6 January 2018.

neg: TVCatchup TVCatchup is an Internet television service for viewing free-to-air UK channels. It operates as a cable service and retransmits BBC, Channel 4, Channel 5, and ITV, amongst others, only in the UK. Users can access the service via desktop browsers as well as smartphone and tablet apps. The service is funded by advertising, with a pre-roll advertisement preceding the live channel stream.


query: How many series, of documentary series, of which Fossil Detectives was a spin off, have been broadcast ?

pos: Fossil Detectives Fossil Detectives is a 2008 BBC Television documentary series in which presenter Hermione Cockburn travels across Great Britain exploring fossil sites and discovering the latest scientific developments in geology and palaeontology. The show is a spin-off of "Coast".

pos: Coast (TV series) Coast is a BBC documentary series first broadcast on BBC Two television in 2005. A second series started on 26 October 2006, a third in early 2007 and a fourth in mid-2009. It covers various subjects relating to both the natural and social history of the British coastline and also more recently, that of Britain's near neighbours. A fifth series was aired in 2010, followed by a sixth in 2011. A seventh series aired in 2012 and followed a different format from previous series. Series eight started in 2013 while series nine aired in 2014 and series ten in 2015.

neg: Death Unexplained Death Unexplained is a British documentary series about the investigation of deaths in West London. It was shown on BBC One in February 2012 and follows coroner Alison Thompson, pathologists and other staff who deal with over 4,000 cases per year. The team works in co-operation with her to determine the cause of initially unexplained deaths which occur in her jurisdiction. Each episode is 40 minutes long.

neg: Forensic Files (season 13) "Forensic Files" is an American documentary-style series which reveals how forensic science is used to solve violent crimes, mysterious accidents, and outbreaks of illness. The show is broadcast on truTV, narrated by Peter Thomas, and produced by Medstar Television, in association with truTV Original Productions. It has broadcast 400 episodes since its debut on TLC in 1996 as "Medical Detectives".

neg: I, Detective I, Detective is an American documentary-style series that aired on Court TV (now truTV) from 2001 to 2006.

neg: Forensic Files Forensic Files is an American documentary-style series that reveals how forensic science is used to solve violent crimes, mysterious accidents, and even outbreaks of illness. The show was originally broadcast on TLC, narrated by Peter Thomas, and produced by Medstar Television, distributed by FilmRise, in association with truTV Original Productions. It broadcast 404 episodes from its debut on TLC in 1996 as "Medical Detectives" until 2011. Reruns shown on HLN were initially retitled "Mystery Detectives" before settling with the main title of the show in 2014.

neg: Mystery Files Mystery Files TV Series was a TV series broadcast on National Geographic Channel in the UK in February 2010. It aimed to shed light on some of the great mysteries of history.

neg: Forensic Files (season 7) "Forensic Files" is an American documentary-style series which reveals how forensic science is used to solve violent crimes, mysterious accidents, and even outbreaks of illness. The show is broadcast on truTV, narrated by Peter Thomas, and produced by Medstar Television, in association with truTV Original Productions. It has broadcast 400 episodes since its debut on TLC in 1996 as "Medical Detectives".

neg: Earth: The Power of the Planet Earth: The Power of the Planet is a British documentary television series that premiered on BBC Two on 20 November 2007. The five-part series is presented by geologist Iain Stewart.

neg: Survival (TV series) Survival is one of television's longest-running and most successful nature documentary series. Originally produced by Anglia Television for ITV in the United Kingdom, it was created by Aubrey Buxton (later Baron Buxton of Alsa), a founder director of Anglia TV, and first broadcast in 1961. "Survival" films and film-makers won more than 250 awards worldwide, including four Emmy Awards and a BAFTA.

neg: List of How It's Made episodes How It's Made is a documentary television series that premiered on January 6, 2001 on the Discovery Channel (now known as Discovery Science in Canada, and Science in the UK. The program is produced in the Canadian province of Quebec by Productions MAJ, Inc. and Productions MAJ 2. In the UK. It is broadcast on Discovery Channel, Quest, and DMAX.

neg: Megalodon: The Monster Shark Lives Megalodon: The Monster Shark Lives is a 2014 mockumentary first aired on American TV network Discovery Channel about the possible survival of the prehistoric shark. The story, with only short disclaimers at the beginning and ending indicating that it is fictional, revolves around the loss of a fishing boat and all of its crew off the coast of Cape Town, South Africa and an ensuing investigation that points to an attack by a member of the species "megalodon", a prehistoric shark thought to be long extinct. Its format is that of a documentary that includes accounts of "professionals" in various fields related to "Megalodon". It follows a similar format to another docufiction aired by Discovery Channel, "".

neg: Two Twisted Two Twisted is an Australian TV mystery anthology drama which premiered on the Nine Network on 14 August 2006. Narrated by Bryan Brown, who also produced the series' predecessor, "Twisted Tales", each episode of the series contains two short half-hour stories, that have a twist ending. Also present in each episode is a link or connection between the two tales.

neg: Secret History (TV series) Secret History is a long-running British television documentary series. Shown on Channel 4, the "Secret History" brandname is still used as a banner title in the UK, but many of the individual documentaries can still be found on US cable channels without the branding. It can be seen as Channel 4's answer to the BBC's "Timewatch". The series returned to Channel 4 on 10 November 2013 after a nine-year break.

neg: First Life (TV series) First Life is a 2010 British nature documentary series written and presented by David Attenborough, also known by the expanded titles David Attenborough's First Life (UK) and First Life with David Attenborough (USA). It was first broadcast in the USA as a two-hour special on the Discovery Channel on 24 October 2010. In the United Kingdom it was broadcast as a two-part series on BBC Two on 5 November 2010. "First Life" sees Attenborough tackle the subject of the origin of life on Earth. He investigates the evidence from the earliest fossils, which suggest that complex animals first appeared in the oceans around 540 million years ago, an event known as the Cambrian Explosion. Trace fossils of multicellular organisms from an even earlier period, the Ediacaran biota, are also examined. Attenborough travels to Canada, Morocco and Australia, using some of the latest fossil discoveries and their nearest equivalents amongst living species to reveal what life may have been like at that time. Visual effects and computer animation are used to reconstruct and animate the extinct life forms.

neg: Prehistoric Park Prehistoric Park is a six-episode docu-fiction television mini-series that premiered on ITV on 22 July 2006 and on Animal Planet on 29 October 2006. The program was produced by Impossible Pictures, who also created "Walking with Dinosaurs". Each episode is an hour long including commercial breaks. Repeats of the show are broadcast in the UK on Watch.

neg: Northern Mysteries Northern Mysteries is a docudrama-style television program that retells some of the stranger events in Canadian history, dealing with ghosts, paranormal events, lost treasures and bizarre murders. Hosted by Kenneth Welsh each episode usually tackles two events or subjects, by discussing with journalists, the police and eyewitnesses a complete account of what happened, as well as re-enacting the events for entertainment purposes.

neg: Forensic Files (season 9) "Forensic Files" is an American documentary-style series which reveals how forensic science is used to solve violent crimes, mysterious accidents, and even outbreaks of illness. The show is broadcast on truTV, narrated by Peter Thomas, and produced by Medstar Television, in association with truTV Original Productions. It has broadcast 400 episodes since its debut on TLC in 1996 as "Medical Detectives". The Show Ran From 1996 To 2011

neg: List of Britannia documentaries The Britannia series is a critically acclaimed series of documentaries from BBC Four that began in 2005. The documentaries most often deal with the evolution of a music genre or other aspect of musical culture over a period of decades within the United Kingdom, although occasionally episodes have covered music in other countries (Ireland, United States, Italy) or such diverse subjects as comic books, games, satirical works and wildlife. The shows are usually presented in a three-episode format, but are often broadcast as one continuous block as part of a schedule of themed programming.

neg: The Living World The Living World is a long-running natural history radio programme, made by the BBC and broadcast on its Radio 4. The series was created at the BBC Natural History Unit by Dilys Breese and Derek Jones, initially as a 52-week series, in 1968. It chiefly covers topics related to the flora and fauna of the British Isles, with occasional forays further afield, such as a 1997 episode on the wildlife of the Rock of Gibraltar.

neg: Haunting Evidence Haunting Evidence is an American documentary television series following the travels of a psychic profiler, a medium, and a paranormal investigator. The trio travels the United States investigating "cold case" homicide and missing persons cases. The premise of the series was that this "team of unconventional investigators" could shed new light on unsolved crimes.

neg: Animal, Vegetable, Mineral? Animal, Vegetable, Mineral? was a popular television game show which ran from 1952 to 1959. In the show, a panel of archeologists, art historians, and natural history experts were asked to identify interesting objects or artifacts from museums from Britain and abroad, and other faculties, including university collections.


query: German musicologist Beatrix Borchard spent a great deal of her career focusing on female musicians, including which 19th-century Romantic-era professional pianist?

pos: Beatrix Borchard Beatrix Borchard (born 1950) is a German musicologist and author. The focus of her publications is life and work of female and male musicians, such as Clara and Robert Schumann, Amalie and Joseph Joachim, Pauline Viardot-Garcia, Adriana Hölszky. Among her topics are also the role of music in the process of Jewish assimilation, the history of musical interpretation, and strategies of .

pos: Clara Schumann Clara Schumann ("née" Clara Josephine Wieck; 13 September 1819 – 20 May 1896) was a German musician and composer, considered one of the most distinguished pianists of the Romantic era. She exerted her influence over a 61-year concert career, changing the format and repertoire of the piano recital and the tastes of the listening public. Her husband was the composer Robert Schumann. Together they encouraged Johannes Brahms. She was the first to perform publicly any work by Brahms. She later premiered some other pieces by Brahms, notably the "Variations and Fugue on a Theme by Handel".

neg: Susan Bradshaw Susan Bradshaw (Monmouth, 8 September 1931 – London, 30 January 2005) was a British pianist, teacher and writer. She was mainly associated with contemporary music, and especially with the work of Pierre Boulez, several of whose writings she translated. As a critic and musicologist she contributed to a number of magazines and journals over several decades; the titles included "Contact", Music & Musicians, "Tempo" and "The Musical Times".

neg: Kate Loder Kate Fanny Loder, later Lady Thompson, (21 August 1825 – 30 August 1904) was an English composer and pianist.

neg: Ingrid Haebler Ingrid Haebler (born June 20, 1926 in Vienna, Austria) is an Austrian pianist. She studied at the Salzburg Mozarteum, Vienna Music Academy, Geneva Conservatory and privately in Paris with Marguerite Long. She toured worldwide. She is best known for a series of recordings from the 1950s to 1980s. Her complete set of Mozart's piano sonatas for the Denon label is still regarded as among the finest sets. Haebler also recorded all of Mozart's piano concertos (most of them twice), often with her own cadenzas - and all of Schubert's sonatas. She was one of several Austrian musicians to experiment early with period instruments, having recorded music of J. C. Bach on a fortepiano. Her recordings of Mozart and Beethoven with violinist Henryk Szeryng are particularly prized.

neg: Charlotte Caroline Wilhelmine Bachmann Charlotte Caroline Wilhelmine Bachmann, née Stöwe (2 November 1757 – 19 August 1817) was a German soprano singer, harpsichordist and composer. She was born in Berlin, the daughter of musician Wilhelm Heinrich Stöwe, and studied singing and harpsichord as a child. At the age of nine, she made her debut in the "Liebhaberkonzerte " (Amateur Concerts) which had been established by Friedrich Benda, son of Franz Benda. She married Berlin violist Karl Ludwig Bachmann on 20 September 1785.

neg: Johann Andreas Streicher Johann Andreas Streicher (13 December 1761 in Stuttgart – 25 May 1833 in Vienna) was a German pianist, composer and piano maker. In 1793 he married Nannette Streicher (1769–1833), another piano maker and the daughter of Augsburg piano maker Johann Andreas Stein. In 1794 they moved to Vienna. From that time Streicher worked as a piano teacher and became increasingly known for his compositions. The Streicher piano-making business provided at least one fortepiano to Beethoven in his early years, of which the composer was fond, writing that it was "too good for me ... because it robs me of the freedom to produce my own tone".

neg: Piano ballad In 19th century romantic music, a piano ballad is a piece for solo piano written in a balletic narrative style, often with lyrical elements interspersed. This type of work made its first appearance with Chopin's Ballade No. 1 in G minor, op. 23 of 1836, closely followed by the ballad included in Clara Schumann's "Soirées musicales" Op.6 published in the same year.

neg: Barbara Ployer Maria Anna Barbara or Babette Ployer (2 September 1765 – before April 1811) was an Austrian piano and composition pupil of Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart, for whom he wrote two piano concertos in 1784, No. 14 KV. 449 and No. 17, KV. 453, which were both premiered at her residence by her in 1784.

neg: Maria Bach Emilie Marie Baroness von Bach (1896 – 1978) was an Austrian pianist, violinist, composer and artist.

neg: Gaston Borch Gaston Louis Christopher Borch (8 March 1871 – 14 February 1926) was a French composer, arranger, conductor, cellist and author. His works include orchestral music, opera and music for silent films. He played and conducted with orchestras in Europe and the USA.

neg: Marguerite Wolff Marguerite Wolff OBE (1919–2011) was a British pianist.

neg: Jeanne-Marie Darré Jeanne-Marie Darré (30 July 190526 January 1999) was a French classical pianist. She was known for her lyrical and elegant interpretations of the solo works of Chopin and Liszt, and of the Saint-Saëns Concertos. She was awarded the Légion d'honneur and made a Chevalier des Arts et Lettres.

neg: Luise Adolpha Le Beau Luise Adolpha Le Beau (April 25, 1850 in Rastatt, Grand Duchy of Baden – July 17, 1927 in Baden-Baden) was a German composer of classical music. She studied with noted musicians Clara Schumann and Franz Lachner, but her primary instructor was Josef Gabriel Rheinberger. Like many other 19th century female composers, Le Beau began her career in music as a pianist, and later earned her living teaching, critiquing, and performing music.

neg: Anna Caroline Oury Anna Caroline Oury ("née" De Belleville), also known as Ninette de Belleville, Ninette von Belleville or Ninette de Belleville-Oury (24 June 1808 – 22 July 1880), was a German pianist and composer of French ancestry.

neg: Virginie Morel-du Verger Virginie Morel du Verger (Christiane) (1779 – 17 December 1870) was a French pianist, music teacher and composer. Virginie Morel was born in Metz, and studied with Louis Adam at the Paris Conservatoire in 1814 where she received first prize in piano. She later continued her studies with Ferdinand Hummel and became pianist to the Duchess de Berry. She married the Lieutenant Colonel of Staff, Baron du Verger in 1829, and composed a "Piano Sonata", eight etudes, three duets for violin and piano and similar chamber works. She died at her husband's property the Chateau du Verger.

neg: Juliane Reichardt Juliane Reichardt (14 May 1752 – 9 or 11 May 1783) was a Bohemian pianist, singer and composer.

neg: Adolphe Borchard Adolphe Borchard (1882–1967) was a French pianist and composer who worked on a number of film scores during the 1930s and 1940s including large-budget films such as "Ultimatum" (1938). He has several music students. The Vietnamese composer Nguyễn Văn Quỳ is one of them and studied through distance education between 1953 and 1954.

neg: Elena Beckman-Shcherbina Elena Alexandrovna Bekman-Shcherbina (Russian: Елена Александровна Бекман-Щербина , 12 January 1882 – 30 September 1951) was a Russian pianist, composer and teacher.

neg: Robert Schumann Robert Schumann (8 June 181029 July 1856) was a German composer and influential music critic. He is widely regarded as one of the greatest composers of the Romantic era. Schumann left the study of law, intending to pursue a career as a virtuoso pianist. He had been assured by his teacher Friedrich Wieck that he could become the finest pianist in Europe, but a hand injury ended this dream. Schumann then focused his musical energies on composing.

neg: Edith Picht-Axenfeld Edith Picht-Axenfeld (Freiburg im Breisgau, 1 January 1914 – Hinterzarten, 19 April 2001) was a German pianist and harpsichordist.

neg: Arturo Benedetti Michelangeli Arturo Benedetti Michelangeli (] ; 5 January 1920 – 12 June 1995) was an Italian classical pianist. He is considered one of the greatest pianists of the twentieth century.


query: Barry Jones campaigned against the execution of which man guilty of shooting George Hodson?

pos: Barry Jones (Australian politician) Barry Owen Jones, {'1': ", '2': ", '3': ", '4': "} (born 11 October 1932), is an Australian polymath, writer, lawyer, social activist, quiz champion and former politician. He campaigned against the death penalty throughout the 1960s, particularly against the execution of Ronald Ryan. He is on the National Trust's list of Australian Living Treasures.

pos: Ronald Ryan Ronald Joseph Ryan (21 February 1925 – 3 February 1967) was the last person to be legally executed in Australia. Ryan was found guilty of shooting and killing warder George Hodson during an escape from Pentridge Prison, Victoria, in 1965. Ryan's hanging was met with some of the largest public protests in the history of Australia and led to the end of capital punishment. The death penalty was abolished in 1985.

neg: Michael Jones (soldier) Lieutenant-General Michael Jones (died December 1649) was an Irish soldier who fought for King Charles I during the Irish Confederate War but joined the English Parliamentary side when the English Civil War started. He is noted for his victories at the Battle of Dungans Hill and the Battle of Rathmines, which facilitated the Cromwellian conquest of Ireland.

neg: Murder of John Hurford The murder of John Hurford occurred on 8 April 1855 in Western Australia. His murder led to the first execution of a woman in Western Australia, for the crime of murder.

neg: Thomas Isaac Mardy Jones Thomas Isaac Mardy Jones (21 January 1879 – 26 August 1970) was a British politician and miner.

neg: John Brown (abolitionist) John Brown (May 9, 1800 – December 2, 1859) was an American abolitionist who believed and advocated that armed insurrection was the only way to overthrow the institution of slavery in the United States. Brown first gained attention when he led small groups of volunteers during the Bleeding Kansas crisis of 1856. Dissatisfied with the pacifism of the organized abolitionist movement, he said, "These men are all talk. What we need is action—action!" During the Kansas campaign, Brown commanded forces at the Battle of Black Jack and the Battle of Osawatomie. He and his supporters killed five supporters of slavery in the Pottawatomie massacre of May 1856 in response to the sacking of Lawrence by pro-slavery forces.

neg: Constantia Jones Constantia Jones ( 1708December 22, 1738) was a prostitute in London, United Kingdom during the term of Prime Minister Robert Walpole, who was sentenced to hang for stealing 36 shillings and a half-guinea (the equivalent of about 300 today) from one of her clients. Her accuser, describing her as "a three-penny upright," testified as follows: "As I stood against the Wall, [she] came behind me, and with one hand she took hold of . . . --and the other she thrust into my Breeches Pocket and took my Money." Based on this testimony, Jones was sentenced to hang at Tyburn.

neg: John D. Barry John Decatur Barry (June 21, 1839 – March 24, 1867) was an officer in the Confederate States Army during the American Civil War. The men he was leading at Chancellorsville mistakenly fired on General Thomas "Stonewall" Jackson.

neg: Michael Manning (murderer) Michael Manning was an Irish murderer who became the twenty-ninth and last person to be executed in the Republic of Ireland.

neg: James Autry James David Autry (September 27, 1954 – March 14, 1984) was a convicted murderer in the U.S. state of Texas, executed by lethal injection.

neg: A Is for Acid A Is for Acid is a 2002 British television film based on the life of the serial killer John George Haigh, known as the Acid Bath Murderer, because he dissolved the bodies of six people in sulphuric acid. Haigh, hanged in 1949 for his crimes, had wrongly believed that murder could not be proven without the presence of a body. Starring Martin Clunes in the lead role, the film was shot in Scarborough, chosen because its appearance was believed similar to that of London when Haigh lived there during the 1940s. The film was produced by Yorkshire Television for the ITV network and aired on ITV1 on 9 September 2002. Directed by Harry Bradbeer and written by Glenn Chandler, "A Is for Acid" also featured among its cast Keeley Hawes and Richard Hope.

neg: Guyana Tragedy: The Story of Jim Jones Guyana Tragedy: The Story of Jim Jones, also called The Mad Messiah, is a 1980 television miniseries about the Peoples Temple led by Jim Jones, and their 1978 mass suicide at Jonestown. Based on the book by Charles A. Krause, entitled "Guyana Massacre: The Eyewitness Account", the film was originally shown on television on April 15, 1980.

neg: Lawrence Kavenagh Lawrence Kavanagh (c. 1805 – 13 October 1846) was a convict bushranger known for escaping from Port Arthur, Van Diemen's Land (the so-called escape proof colony), with Martin Cash and George Jones.

neg: Michael Stone (English murderer) Michael Stone (born Michael John Goodban in 1960) is a British man who was convicted of a notorious double murder in 1996. He has continued to assert his innocence. His original conviction was overturned on appeal but a second trial resulted in another verdict of guilty after another prisoner claimed that Stone had confessed to the killings while on remand in prison. His most recent appeal, in 2004, also failed. He is serving three life sentences and must spend at least 25 years in prison.

neg: Martha Rendell Martha Rendell (10 August 1871 – 6 October 1909) was the last woman to be hanged in Western Australia. She was convicted of murdering her "de facto" husband's son, Arthur Morris, in 1908. She was also suspected of killing his two daughters, Annie and Olive, by swabbing their throats with hydrochloric acid. Although the children died slow and agonising deaths, they had been treated by a number of doctors during their illness, only one of whom expressed any doubts about their deaths.

neg: Christopher Hodson Christopher John "Chris" Hodson QC is a New Zealand barrister and judge, Judge Advocate General of the New Zealand Armed Forces, and the Chief Judge of the Court Martial of New Zealand.

neg: Kevin Barry Kevin Gerard Barry (20 January 1902 – 1 November 1920) was the first Irish republican to be executed by the British since the leaders of the Easter Rising. Barry was sentenced to death for his part in an Irish Volunteers operation which resulted in the deaths of three British soldiers.

neg: William Kent (Irish politician) Kent and three brothers—Thomas, David and Richard—were involved in a gunfight with the Royal Irish Constabulary (RIC) at their home, Bawnard, in Castlelyons, County Cork in May 1916, following the Easter Rising, in which Richard was killed, as well as a head constable. Thomas was courtmartialled for the killing and executed, and David was sentenced to death, which was commuted to life imprisonment, but William was acquitted.

neg: John Poyer John Poyer (died 25 April 1649) was a Welsh soldier in the Parliamentary army during the English Civil War in South Wales. He later rebelled and was executed for treason.

neg: William Nathaniel Jones William Nathaniel Jones (20 March 1858 – 24 May 1934) was a Welsh Liberal politician, businessman and soldier.

neg: Troy Leon Gregg Troy Leon Gregg (April 22, 1948 – July 29, 1980) was the first condemned individual whose death sentence was upheld by the United States Supreme Court after the Court's decision in "Furman v. Georgia" invalidated all previously enacted death penalty laws in the United States. Gregg was convicted of having murdered Fred Edward Simmons and Bob Durwood Moore in order to rob them. The victims had given him and another man, Dennis Weaver, a ride when they were hitchhiking. The crime occurred on November 21, 1973.

neg: James W. Rodgers James W. Rodgers (August 3, 1910 – March 30, 1960) was an American who was sentenced to death by the state of Utah for the murder of miner Charles Merrifield in 1957. In his final statement before his execution by firing squad in 1960, Rodgers requested a bulletproof vest. His execution by firing squad would be the last to be carried out in the United States before capital punishment was halted by the U.S. Supreme Court. The death penalty was reinstated in 1976 and the first person executed in Utah subsequent to that date was Gary Gilmore in 1977.


query: Who is the protagonist in Ayn Rand's most notable novel?

pos: Objectivism (Ayn Rand) Objectivism is a philosophical system developed by Russian-American writer Ayn Rand (1905–1982). Rand first expressed Objectivism in her fiction, most notably "The Fountainhead" (1943) and "Atlas Shrugged" (1957), and later in non-fiction essays and books. Leonard Peikoff, a professional philosopher and Rand's designated intellectual heir, later gave it a more formal structure. Peikoff characterizes Objectivism as a "closed system" that is not subject to change.

pos: The Fountainhead The Fountainhead is a 1943 novel by Russian-American author Ayn Rand, her first major literary success. The novel's protagonist, Howard Roark, is an individualistic young architect who designs modernist buildings and refuses to compromise with an architectural establishment unwilling to accept innovation. Roark embodies what Rand believed to be the ideal man, and his struggle reflects Rand's belief that individualism is superior to collectivism.

neg: Mowgli Mowgli is a fictional character and the protagonist of Rudyard Kipling's "The Jungle Book" stories. He is a naked feral child from the Pench area in Seoni, India, who originally appeared in Kipling's short story "In the Rukh" (collected in "Many Inventions", 1893) and then went on to become the most prominent and memorable character in his collections "The Jungle Book" and "The Second Jungle Book" (1894–1895), which also featured stories about other characters.

neg: Rose Rand Rose Rand (June 14, 1903 – July 28, 1980) was an Austrian-American logician and philosopher. She was a member of the Vienna Circle.

neg: G. (novel) G. is a 1972 novel by John Berger. The novel's setting is pre-First World War Europe, and its protagonist, named "G.", is a Don Juan or Casanova-like lover of women who gradually comes to political consciousness after misadventures across the continent. Berger's experimental, non-linear narrative novel won both the James Tait Black Memorial Prize for fiction and the Booker Prize. At the Booker Prize ceremony Berger criticized the sponsor Booker-McConnall for exploiting trade in the Caribbean for the past 130 years. Berger also gave half of the prize money to the British Black Panther movement.

neg: Erika Holzer Erika Holzer is an American novelist and essayist who was a member of Ayn Rand's inner circle. Her novel "Eye for an Eye" was the basis for a major motion picture of the same name. She has also co-authored two nonfiction books with her husband, professor of law Henry Mark "Hank" Holzer.

neg: Radicals for Capitalism Radicals for Capitalism: A Freewheeling History of the Modern American Libertarian Movement is a 2007 book about the history of libertarianism in the 20th century by American journalist and "Reason" senior editor Brian Doherty. He traces the evolution of the movement, as well as the life stories of Ayn Rand, Milton Friedman, Ludwig von Mises, F. A. Hayek, and Murray Rothbard, and details how they intertwined.

neg: The American Senator The American Senator is a novel written in 1875 by Anthony Trollope. Although not one of Trollope's better-known works, it is notable for its depictions of rural English life and for its many detailed fox hunting scenes. In its anti-heroine, Arabella Trefoil, it presents a scathing but ultimately sympathetic portrayal of a woman who has abandoned virtually all scruples in her quest for a husband. Through the eponymous Senator, Trollope offers comments on the irrational aspects of English life.

neg: The Jungle The Jungle is a 1906 novel written by the American journalist and novelist Upton Sinclair (1878–1968). Sinclair wrote the novel to portray the harsh conditions and exploited lives of immigrants in the United States in Chicago and similar industrialized cities. Perhaps his main goal in exposing the meat industry and working conditions was to advance Socialism in the United States. However, most readers were more concerned with his exposure of health violations and unsanitary practices in the American meatpacking industry during the early 20th century, greatly contributing to a public outcry which led to reforms including the Meat Inspection Act. Sinclair famously said of the public reaction "I aimed at the public's heart, and by accident I hit it in the stomach."

neg: Coniston (novel) Coniston is a 1906 best-selling novel by American writer Winston Churchill.

neg: Gertrude Stein Gertrude Stein (February 3, 1874 – July 27, 1946) was an American novelist, poet, playwright, and art collector. Born in the Allegheny West neighborhood of Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, and raised in Oakland, California, Stein moved to Paris in 1903, and made France her home for the remainder of her life. She hosted a Paris salon, where the leading figures of modernism in literature and art, such as Pablo Picasso, Ernest Hemingway, F. Scott Fitzgerald, Sinclair Lewis, Ezra Pound, and Henri Matisse, would meet.

neg: Rollo in Emblemland Rollo in Emblemland or Emblemland is a novel by John Kendrick Bangs, written in 1902 and published by R. H. Russell of New York. It is a tale inspired by the style of Lewis Carroll's book, "Alice's Adventures in Wonderland".

neg: Arthur Kipps Arthur Kipps is the name of the protagonist in two distinct works of fiction.

neg: Rhys Lewis (novel) Rhys Lewis is a novel by Daniel Owen, written in the Welsh language and published in 1885. Its full title is Hunangofiant Rhys Lewis, Gweinidog Bethel ("The autobiography of Rhys Lewis, minister of Bethel"). It is generally agreed to be the first significant novel written in the Welsh language, and is to date one of the longest. It deals with the issues of evangelical Christian faith in a rapidly changing society affected by increasing exposure to outside influences, industrialisation with the inevitable strife that follows, and (perhaps most dangerous of all) the adoption by mainstream popular culture of certain aspects of Christianity whilst completely misunderstanding the essence of it.

neg: Something Happened Something Happened is Joseph Heller's second novel (published in 1974, thirteen years after "Catch-22"). Its main character and narrator is Bob Slocum, a businessman who engages in a stream of consciousness narrative about his job, his family, his childhood, his sexual escapades, and his own psyche.

neg: English novel The English novel is an important part of English literature. This article mainly concerns novels, written in English, by novelists who were born or have spent a significant part of their lives in England, or Scotland, or Wales, or Northern Ireland (or Ireland before 1922). However, given the nature of the subject, this guideline has been applied with common sense, and reference is made to novels in other languages or novelists who are not primarily British where appropriate.

neg: Lancelot (novel) Lancelot is a 1977 novel by the American author Walker Percy. It tells the story of the dejected lawyer Lancelot Lamar, who murders his wife after discovering that he is not the father of her youngest daughter, Siobhan. He ends up in a mental institution, where his story is told through his reflections and monologues on his disturbing past, thus having him serve as an unreliable narrator. The novel compares the protagonist unfavorably to his namesake, Sir Lancelot, as he experiences a vision of an empty and decadent modern American culture which invokes the symbolism of the mythical Wasteland. Lamar's quest to expose this moral emptiness is a transposition of the quest for the Holy Grail; as he witnesses and records the increasing moral depravity of his wife and daughter during the filming of a Hollywood movie, he becomes obsessed with and corrupted by the immorality he seeks to condemn. The novel is replete with Arthurian references, including characters based on Merlin and Percival. Through this monologue, the reader learns Lancelot Lamar’s view of the world. He makes accusations, but also questions his own accusations. He sees that there is a problem with modern American culture. Lancelot seeks to create a New Order based on his own code of honor, and this code of honor includes the preferred actions and roles of women and an avoidance of self-knowledge. He hopes to start this "Third Revolution", (the first two being the American Revolution and the Civil War, respectively) with a female mental patient and gang rape victim in the cell next to him, Anna. He sees her as having a restored innocence, because she has been violated so completely. Lancelot sees himself as a leader among other male leaders in his New Order, and other citizens will be followers. He will be part of an elite group that has knowledge of the world like himself.

neg: The Journal of Ayn Rand Studies The Journal of Ayn Rand Studies (JARS) is an academic journal devoted to the study of the philosophy of Ayn Rand. Established in 1999, its founding co-editors were R. W. Bradford, Stephen D. Cox, and New York University scholar Chris Matthew Sciabarra. At present, the editorial board consists of Robert L. Campbell, Stephen D. Cox, Roderick Long, and Chris Matthew Sciabarra. Since 2013, the journal has been published by Pennsylvania State University Press. Although the Objectivist movement of supporters of Rand's philosophy has been criticized as being a cult of personality, "The Journal of Ayn Rand Studies" often publishes papers by mainstream intellectuals and academics from prestigious universities worldwide that approach Rand's legacy without hagiography.

neg: Jude the Obscure Jude the Obscure, the last completed novel by Thomas Hardy, began as a magazine serial in December 1894 and was first published in book form in 1895. Its protagonist, Jude Fawley, is a working-class young man, a stonemason, who dreams of becoming a scholar. The other main character is his cousin, Sue Bridehead, who is also his central love interest. The novel is concerned in particular with issues of class, education, religion and marriage.

neg: Sansa Stark Sansa Stark is a fictional character created by American author George R. R. Martin. She is a prominent character in Martin's award-winning "A Song of Ice and Fire" series.

neg: Lila (Robinson novel) Lila is a novel written by Marilynne Robinson that was published in 2014. Her fourth novel, it is the third installment of the Gilead trilogy. The novel focuses on the courtship and marriage of Lila and John Ames, as well as the backstory of Lila's transient past and her complex attachments. It won the 2014 National Book Critics Circle Award.

neg: Divergent (novel) Divergent is the debut novel of American novelist Veronica Roth, published by HarperCollins Children's Books in 2011. The novel is the first of the Divergent trilogy, a series of young adult dystopian novels set in the Divergent Universe. The novel "Divergent" features a post-apocalyptic version of Chicago and follows Beatrice "Tris" Prior as she explores her identity within a society that defines its citizens by their social and personality-related affiliation with five factions, which removes the threat of anyone exercising independent will and re-threatening the population's safety. Underlying the action and dystopian focused main plot is a romantic subplot between Tris and one of her instructors in the Dauntless faction, nicknamed Four.


query: "Fashion Killa" is a song featured on an album released on what day ?

pos: Fashion Killa "Fashion Killa" is a song by American hip hop recording artist ASAP Rocky. The song was serviced to urban contemporary radio in the United States in November 2013, as the fourth single from his debut studio album "Long. Live. ASAP". The song was produced by both Hector Delgado and Rocky himself under the pseudonym LORD FLACKO and Friendzone as the co-producer.

pos: Long. Live. ASAP Long. Live. ASAP (stylized as LONG.LIVE.A$AP) is the debut studio album by American rapper ASAP Rocky. It was released on January 15, 2013, by ASAP Worldwide, Polo Grounds Music and RCA Records. The album features guest appearances from Kendrick Lamar, Schoolboy Q, 2 Chainz, Drake, Big K.R.I.T., Santigold, Overdoz, Yelawolf, Florence Welch, Danny Brown, Action Bronson, Joey Badass, Gunplay and ASAP Ferg. The album's production was handled by Rocky himself (under the pseudonym LORD FLACKO), Hector Delgado, Hit-Boy, Clams Casino, Jim Jonsin, T-Minus, Danger Mouse, 40, Skrillex and Emile Haynie, among other high-profile producers.

neg: Gangstress Gangstress is the second studio album by American rapper Khia. The album was released by Thug Misses Entertainment and Warlock Records on July 11, 2006 in the United States. The album was fully produced by Khia. It debuted at #67 on the "Billboard"'s Top R&B/Hip-Hop Albums chart.

neg: Kinfolk (album) Kinfolk is the debut and only album by American rap duo Ali & Gipp, released on August 14, 2007, through Derrty Entertainment and Universal Records. The first single off the album was already released, called "Go 'Head" featuring Chocolate Tai. The second single is "N da Paint" featuring Nelly. The third single is "Work Dat, Twerk Dat" featuring Murphy Lee. The fourth and final single is "Almost Made Ya" featuring LeToya Luckett.

neg: Kill Zone (album) Kill Zone is the eight album by rapper Philthy Rich released on June 26, 2012. It peaked at #40 on the Top Heatseekers Albums chart, making it his first album to chart on the Heatseekers.

neg: She's in Fashion "She's in Fashion" is the second single from the album "Head Music" by Suede. It was released on 21 June 1999 and Peaked at no 13 on the UK Singles Chart.

neg: Kill (Cannibal Corpse album) Kill is the tenth studio album by American death metal band Cannibal Corpse, released on March 21, 2006. This release marks the return of guitarist Rob Barrett, who had previously played on "The Bleeding" and "Vile". The European version of the album comes with a live DVD filmed in Strasbourg in 2004 called "Hammer Smashed Laiterie". The album was produced at Mana Recording Studios by Hate Eternal guitarist Erik Rutan.

neg: Category F5 Category F5 is the seventh studio album by American rapper Twista. The album marks the first collaboration with Chicago producer the Legendary Traxster since 2004's "Kamikaze". The album was released on July 14, 2009. Originally scheduled to feature Kanye West, Akon, Busta Rhymes, Mr. Criminal, Tech N9ne, and Static Major, guest appearances were pared down as many of the leaked songs were recorded, including the song "Problems" featuring Tech N9ne, which was cut because of sample-clearance problems. The track "She Got It" (produced by Jim Jonsin & featuring Bobby Valentino) was cut because the tracks were not 100% ready, although it is thought the track will be made available in the coming months. "All Right" (produced by Kanye West) was included on iTunes as a bonus track.

neg: Loyalty Is Royalty Loyalty is Royalty is the fourth studio album by American rapper and Wu-Tang Clan member Masta Killa. It was released on September 29, 2017 on Nature Sounds.

neg: Opposite of H2O Opposite of H2O is the debut album by rapper Drag-On. It was released on March 28, 2000 through Interscope Records and Ruff Ryders Entertainment and was produced by several producers, including Swizz Beatz, Dj Iroc, and P.K. The album proved to be a huge success for Drag-On, peaking at #5 on the "Billboard" 200 and #2 on the Top R&B/Hip-Hop Albums.

neg: Wolves and Witches Wolves and Witches is the Romanian Power metal band Magica's fourth studio album, released on November 28, 2008, by AFM Records. There are still no official videos for the songs on this CD; however, there is a fan-made video for the album's first song "Don't Wanna Kill", which can be viewed at Magica's Myspace.com profile.

neg: The Shot Calla The Shot Calla is the debut studio album by American rapper, D-Shot. It was released on June 7, 1993 through Sick Wid It Records and was entirely produced by Studio Ton. The album peaked at 52 on the Top R&B/Hip-Hop Albums and 32 on the Top Heatseekers. "Call Me on the Under" was released as a single and had a music video shot for it, but it failed to make it to any of the Billboard charts.

neg: Urban Legend (album) Urban Legend is the third studio album by American rapper T.I., released on November 30, 2004, through Grand Hustle Records and Atlantic Records. The album debuted at number 7 on the "Billboard" 200, selling 195,000 copies in its first week of release, it charted at number one on the Top R&B/Hip-Hop Albums and the Top Rap Albums charts.

neg: Kill 'Em All Kill 'Em All is the debut studio album by the American heavy metal band Metallica, released on July 25, 1983, by the independent record label Megaforce Records. "Kill 'Em All" is regarded as a groundbreaking album for thrash metal because of its precise musicianship, which fuses new wave of British heavy metal riffs with hardcore punk tempos. The album's musical approach and lyrics were markedly different from rock's mainstream of the early 1980s and inspired a number of bands who followed in similar manner. The album did not enter the "Billboard" 200 until 1986, when it peaked at number 155, following Metallica's commercial success with its third studio album "Master of Puppets"; the 1988 Elektra reissue peaked at number 120. "Kill 'Em All" was critically praised at the time of its release and in retrospect, and was placed on a few publications' best album lists. It was certified 3× Platinum by the Recording Industry Association of America (RIAA) in 1999 for shipping three million copies in the United States. The album generated two singles, "Whiplash" and "Jump in the Fire".

neg: Memorial Day (album) Memorial Day is the debut album released by rapper Full Blooded. It was released on December 1, 1998 through No Limit Records and was produced by Beats By the Pound. "Memorial Day" proved to be one of No Limit's most unsuccessful releases, as it only made it to #112 on the "Billboard" 200, #20 on the Top R&B/Hip-Hop Albums and #1 in the Top Heatseekers selling 5,320 copies its first week. After this album's failure, Full Blooded released one independent album entitled "Untamed" before disappearing from the music business. As of 2002, the album had sold 12,851 copies.

neg: Dress to Kill (2Cents album) Dress to Kill is the third studio album by American hardcore punk band 2Cents. It was released on December 1, 2009, through Eight O Five Records.

neg: Fast Money (album) Fast Money is the second studio album by American rapper Birdman. It was released on June 21, 2005, by Cash Money Records. The album debuted at number 9 on the "Billboard" 200, with first-week sales of 65,000 copies in the United States.

neg: Cannibal (EP) Cannibal is the debut extended play (EP) by American recording artist Kesha, released on November 19, 2010. The EP is a follow-up companion to her debut album, "Animal". Originally, the record was thought to be released as a deluxe edition of "Animal", but was instead sold and released as both an EP and a deluxe edition of "Animal". Kesha worked with a variety of producers and writers such as executive producer Dr. Luke, Benny Blanco, Ammo, Max Martin, Bangladesh and others. Musically, the songs on "Cannibal" are of the dance-pop genre, with some songs incorporating elements of electro and electropop in their production and beats. Throughout the album, the use of Auto-Tune and vocoders is prominent. Lyrically, the songs on "Cannibal" speak of ignoring judgement or hate and experiences based on love and heartbreak.

neg: Sit Still, Look Pretty (album) Sit Still, Look Pretty is the debut studio album by American singer Daya. It was released on October 7, 2016, through Z Entertainment, Artbeatz, and RED Distribution. All of the songs from her EP, "Daya", are included on the album.

neg: More Fish More Fish is the sixth studio album by rapper Ghostface Killah, released on December 12, 2006 through the Def Jam label. The album's name derives from Ghostface's earlier 2006 release, "Fishscale". The track "Good", featuring Ghostface's fellow Theodore Unit member Trife Da God and Mr. Maygreen, and produced by Kool-Aid & Peanut, was the first single. It contains one track, "Josephine," which was originally featured on Hi-Tek's "", but all other tracks are made of previously unreleased material.

neg: For Never & Ever For Never & Ever is Kill Hannah's major label debut album, released October 14, 2003. It features the single, "Kennedy". The album was mixed by Tim Palmer

neg: Rodeo (Travis Scott album) Rodeo is the debut studio album by American rapper Travis Scott. It was released on September 4, 2015, by Grand Hustle Records and Epic Records. The album features guest appearances from Kanye West, The Weeknd, Toro y Moi, Quavo, Juicy J, Swae Lee, Chief Keef, Justin Bieber, Young Thug, Schoolboy Q and Kacy Hill, while the production was provided by Scott himself, alongside the several high-profile record producers such as Allen Ritter, Mike Dean, Metro Boomin, Frank Dukes, Sonny Digital and WondaGurl, among others.


query: Which battle did the man whose name was used for Bowie County, Texas, die at?

pos: Bowie County, Texas Bowie County ( ) is a county located in the U.S. state of Texas. As of the 2010 census, the population was 92,565. Its legal county seat is Boston, though its courthouse is located in New Boston. The county is named for James Bowie, the legendary knife fighter who died at the Battle of the Alamo.

pos: James Bowie James "Jim" Bowie (pronounced ) (  1796 – March 6, 1836) was a 19th-century American pioneer, who played a prominent role in the Texas Revolution, culminating in his death at the Battle of the Alamo. Stories of him as a fighter and frontiersman, both real and fictitious, have made him a legendary figure in Texas history and a folk hero of American culture.

neg: Mitch Bouyer Mitch Boyer (sometimes spelled 'Bowyer', 'Buoyer', 'Bouyer' or 'Buazer', or in Creole, 'Boye') (1837 – June 25, 1876) was an interpreter and guide in the Old West following the American Civil War. General John Gibbon called him "next to Jim Bridger, the best guide in the country". He was killed at the Battle of the Little Bighorn.

neg: Sandbar Fight The Sandbar Fight, also known as the Vidalia Sandbar Fight, was a formal one-on-one duel that erupted into a violent brawl involving multiple combatants on September 19, 1827. It took place on a large sandbar in the Mississippi River, near present-day Vidalia, Louisiana. American pioneer and folk hero Jim Bowie was seriously injured in the fight.

neg: Battle of La Ebonal The Battle of La Ebonal was fought in December 1859 near Brownsville, Texas during the First Cortina War. Following the Brownsville Raid, on September 28, and a few skirmishes with the Texas Rangers, rebel leader Juan Cortina led his small army into the hills outside of town and dug in near a series of cattle ranches. The United States Army responded by sending an expedition into the area, under the command of Major Samuel P. Heintzelman, with orders to pacify all resistance. A minor battle began on December 13, at a ranch called La Ebonal, and continued for a few hours as the Americans routed and then pursued the retreating Cortinistas.

neg: Ewen Cameron (soldier) Captain Ewen Cameron (1811 – April 26, 1843) was an officer in the Republic of Texas army, and participated in the ill-fated Mier Expedition.

neg: Battle of Chantilly The Battle of Chantilly (or Ox Hill, the Confederate name) took place on September 1, 1862, in Fairfax County, Virginia, as the concluding battle of the Northern Virginia Campaign of the American Civil War. Thomas J. "Stonewall" Jackson's corps of the Army of Northern Virginia attempted to cut off the line of retreat of the Union Army of Virginia following the Second Battle of Bull Run but was attacked by two Union divisions. During the ensuing battle, Union division commanders Isaac Stevens and Philip Kearny were both killed but the Union attack halted Jackson's advance.

neg: Battle of Cynthiana The Second Battle of Cynthiana included three separate engagements during the American Civil War that were fought on June 11 and 12, 1864, in Harrison County, Kentucky, in and near the town of Cynthiana. This was part of Confederate Brigadier General John H. Morgan's 1864 Raid into Kentucky. The battle ultimately resulted in a victory by Union forces over the raiders and ended Morgan's Last Kentucky Raid in defeat. Morgan's Raiders had previously captured the town in the First Battle of Cynthiana, July 17, 1862.

neg: Jeremiah V. Cockrell Jeremiah Vardaman Cockrell, also known as Vard Cockrell, (May 7, 1832 – March 18, 1915) was a U.S. Representative from Texas, after having served as a field commander in the Confederate States Army during the American Civil War. He was a prominent member of the political South–Cockrell–Hargis family.

neg: James Harper Starr James Harper Starr (December 18, 1809 – July 25, 1890) served as a commissioner of the Texas General Land Office and later Secretary of the Treasury of the Republic of Texas and also as director of the postal service of the Trans-Mississippi Department of the Confederate States of America during the American Civil War as well as the namesake of Starr County in Texas.

neg: Irvin McDowell Irvin McDowell (October 15, 1818 – May 4, 1885) was a career American army officer. He is best known for his defeat in the First Battle of Bull Run, the first large-scale battle of the American Civil War. In 1862, he was given command of the I Corps of the Army of the Potomac. He fought unsuccessfully against Stonewall Jackson's troops during the Valley Campaign of 1862, and was blamed for contributing to the defeat of United States troops at the Second Battle of Bull Run in August.

neg: Braxton Bragg Braxton Bragg (March 22, 1817 – September 27, 1876) was a senior officer of the Confederate States Army who was assigned to duty at Richmond, under direction of the President of the Confederate States of America, Jefferson Davis, and charged with the conduct of military operations of the armies of the Confederate States from February 24, 1864, until January 13, 1865, when he was charged with command and defense of Wilmington, North Carolina. He previously had command of an army in the Western Theater.

neg: Fort Graham Fort Graham was a pioneer fort established in 1849 by Brevet Major R.A. Arnold (Companies F and I of the Second United States Dragoons) at the site of Jose Maria Village, an Anadaca camp on the western edge of present-day Hill County, Texas. It remained in service until 1853, when settlements had moved further west. It was named after Col. William M. Graham, who died at the Battle of Molina del Rey.

neg: Jerome B. Robertson Jerome Bonaparte Robertson (March 14, 1815 – January 7, 1890) was a doctor, Indian fighter, Texas politician, and a general in the Confederate States Army during the American Civil War. He was noted for his service in the famed Texas Brigade in the Army of Northern Virginia.

neg: Benjamin McCulloch Benjamin McCulloch (November 11, 1811 – March 7, 1862) was a soldier in the Texas Revolution, a Texas Ranger, a major general in the Texas militia and thereafter a major in the United States Army (United States Volunteers) during the Mexican-American War, a U.S. marshal, and a brigadier general in the army of the Confederate States during the American Civil War.

neg: Samuel Garland, Jr. Samuel Garland, Jr., (December 16, 1830 – September 14, 1862) was an American attorney from Virginia and Confederate general during the American Civil War. He was killed in action during the Maryland Campaign while defending Fox's Gap at the Battle of South Mountain.

neg: Isaac Van Zandt Isaac Van Zandt (July 10, 1813 – October 11, 1847) was a political leader in the Republic of Texas. Van Zandt County, Texas, was named in his honor.

neg: William Mayfield William Mayfeild (1810–1862) was an American pioneer in Illinois, Texas, and California; a soldier, farmer, miner, and a cattleman. He led Tulare County militia to aid settlers in the early part of the Owens Valley Indian War and was killed in the Battle of Mayfield Canyon.

neg: Kimble County, Texas Kimble County is a county located on the Edwards Plateau in the U.S. state of Texas. As of the 2010 census, its population was 4,607. Its county seat is Junction. The county was created in 1858 and organized in 1876. It is named for George C. Kimble, who died at the Battle of the Alamo.

neg: Henry Karnes Henry Wax Karnes (September 8, 1812August 16, 1840) was notable as a soldier and figure of the Texas Revolution, as well as the commander of General Sam Houston's "Spy Squad" at the Battle of San Jacinto.

neg: John Austin (soldier) John Austin (March 17, 1801 — August 11, 1833) was a Texian settler, one of Stephen Austin's Old Three Hundred, and the Texian commander at the Battle of Velasco during the Anahuac Disturbances before Texas Revolution.

neg: Todds Tavern, Virginia Todds Tavern, Virginia is an unincorporated community in Spotsylvania County and was the site of the Battle of Todds Tavern. It was the focal point of a cavalry battle on May 7–8, 1864, between the battles of the Wilderness and Spotsylvania Court House during the American Civil War. The Tavern location on Brock Road carried the name of Charles Todd who died about 1850. According to historian Noel Harrison's research, the Todd family had sold the property around 1845 to Flavius Josephus Ballard who then re-sold the property in 1869. The intersection where the tavern stood still maintains the name "Todd's Tavern". Today there is a convenience store at the crossroads where the original tavern sat.