query: The Commission is a governing body that consists of bosses of all five families of what organized crime group?

pos: The Commission (mafia) The Commission is the governing body of the American Mafia, formed in 1931. The Commission replaced the "Boss of all Bosses" title with a ruling committee consisting of the New York Five Families bosses and the bosses of the Chicago Outfit and the Buffalo crime family. The last known Commission meeting held with all the bosses was in November 1985.

pos: Five Families The Five Families are the five major New York City organized crime families of the Italian American Mafia.

neg: Vito Genovese Vito "Don Vitone" Genovese (November 27, 1897 – February 14, 1969) was an Italian-American mobster who rose to power during Prohibition as an enforcer in the American Mafia. A long time associate of Charles Luciano, Genovese took part in the Castellammarese War and helped shape the rise of the Mafia and organized crime in the United States. He would later lead Luciano's crime family, which was renamed the Genovese crime family, for 12 years.

neg: Papalia crime family The Papalia crime family is a 'Ndrangheta organization based in Hamilton, Ontario, Canada, as well as Platì in Southern Italy and Buccinasco in Northern Italy. The Papalia clan that operate in Italy have alliances with the Barbaro 'ndrina, while the Papalia clan in Canada is one of three centralized Mafia organizations in Hamilton the other two being the Musitano crime family and the Luppino crime family. The Papalias had strong connections with the Buffalo crime family of Buffalo, New York under long-reigning boss Johnny Papalia.

neg: Greenwich Village Crew The Greenwich Village Crew is a crew within the Genovese crime family, active in the Greenwich Village area of Manhattan. It was originally controlled by Don Vito Genovese from the early 1920s until his arrest in the late 1950s. In the early 1980s Capo Vincent Gigante, was made the "new boss" of the Genovese crime family. He continued to operate from and with the "Greenwich Village Crew" members. Today the crew is still active, but after the death of Dominick Canterino, it is uncertain who is controlling the crew.

neg: Rosario DeSimone Rosario DeSimone (December 11, 1873 – July 15, 1946), was the head of an Italian crime family during the 1920s to 1940s that was the predecessor to the Los Angeles crime family of the American Mafia. Rosario was the father of the future California mob boss, Frank DeSimone. Not to be confused with the Chicago Italian Timothy Rosario DeSimone.

neg: Houston crime family The Houston crime family, often labeled as the Houston mob, Galveston Island mob or simply Island Mob was an Italian-American organized crime family centered in the Houston area, and beginning in the resort town of Galveston, Texas, just south of Houston. The family is credited as being influential in the development of Galveston Island into a resort town. The family reached its peak of power during the 1920s during the prohibition, where Sam Maceo led the family to control the illegal distribution of alcohol, prostitution, as well as gambling.

neg: Baltimore Crew The Baltimore Crew was a faction of the Gambino crime family operating in the port city of Baltimore, Maryland from the 1920s until the 1990s. It was originally an independent organization until Vincent Mangano installed Louis Morici as the reigning capo over the area. Throughout most of its existence it has been headed by the Corbi brothers. Vit, Pasquale, and Frank; respectively.

neg: Philip Mangano Philip "Phil" Mangano (pronounced "MAN-gan-oh") (13 April, 1898 - April 19, 1951) was a Caporegime and second Consigliere in the Gambino crime family in New York City and reigned Consigliere for 20 years (1931 - 1951) when his brother, Vincent, was boss.

neg: John Stanfa Giovanni "John" Stanfa (born December 7, 1940) is the former boss of the Philadelphia crime family from 1991 to 1995. Convicted of multiple charges in 1995, Stanfa is currently serving five consecutive life sentences.

neg: Control commission A control commission is an independent regulatory body. Control commissions are most often found in regulated industries and political organisations. They typically have full authority to operate within the regulations that establish them.

neg: Francesco Madonia Francesco "Ciccio" Madonia (Palermo, March 31, 1924 – Naples, March 13, 2007) was the Mafia boss of the San Lorenzo-Pallavicino area in Palermo. In 1978 he became a member of the Sicilian Mafia Commission.

neg: Solntsevskaya Bratva The Solntsevskaya Organized Crime Group (Russian: Солнцевская организованная преступная группировка ), also known as the Solntsevskaya Bratva (Russian: Солнцевская братва ), is the biggest and most powerful crime syndicate of the Russian mafia.

neg: Milwaukee crime family The Milwaukee crime family or Balistrieri crime family is an American Mafia crime family based in Milwaukee, Wisconsin. The crime family was considered a branch of the Chicago Outfit. The family's most influential boss was Frank "Mr. Big" Balistrieri, who was greatly involved in the Las Vegas skimming casinos. Today, the crime family is nearly extinct, since Balistrieri died in 1993, with the "Chicago Outfit" gaining control over some of the illegal rackets in the area.

neg: Stefano Magaddino Stefano "The Undertaker" Magaddino (October 10, 1891 – July 19, 1974) was a Sicilian mafioso who became the boss of the Buffalo crime family in western New York. His underworld influence stretched from Ohio to Southern Ontario and as far east as Montreal, Quebec. Known as "Don Stefano" to his friends and "The Undertaker" to others, he was also a charter member of the American Mafia's ruling council, otherwise known as The Commission.

neg: Havana Conference The Havana Conference of 1946 was a historic meeting of United States Mafia and Cosa Nostra leaders in Havana, Cuba. Supposedly arranged by Charles "Lucky" Luciano, the conference was held to discuss important mob policies, rules, and business interests. The Havana Conference was attended by delegations representing crime families throughout the United States. The conference was held during the week of December 22, 1946 at the Hotel Nacional. The Havana Conference is considered to have been the most important mob summit since the Atlantic City Conference of 1929. Decisions made in Havana resonated throughout the US crime families for the ensuing decades.

neg: Frank Coppa Anthony Coppa Sr. (born September 11, 1941) is a Sicilian-American gangster in the Bonanno crime family who was a close friend of Joseph Massino and Frank Lino and made large sums of money in stock fraud schemes. In 2002, Coppa became the first Bonanno made man to turn state's evidence.

neg: Frank Majuri Francesco "Fat Frank" Majuri (April 18, 1909 – 1983) was a New Jersey mobster and the former consigliere of the DeCavalcante crime family. His son is Charles "Big Ears" Majuri, a longtime recognized Captain in the Newark faction of the same crime family.

neg: Inzerillo Mafia clan The Inzerillo Mafia clan is a sicilian clan, part of Cosa Nostra and, formerly, among the most powerful mafia clans in Sicily, associated with Carlo Gambino and his family.

neg: Carlos Marcello Carlos Marcello, also known as The Godfather and "The Little Man" Marcello (February 6, 1910 – March 2, 1993), was a Sicilian-American mafioso who became the boss of the New Orleans crime family during the 1940s and held this position for the next thirty years.

neg: Sixth Family A Sixth Family is an Italian-American or Italian-Canadian crime family or criminal organization that has become powerful or notable enough to rise to a level comparable or close to that of the Five Families of the New York City Italian-American Mafia. A criminal organization deemed a "Sixth Family" may rival the Five Families or, alternatively, work closely enough with the Five Families that it appears to be a peer or near coequal of the families.

neg: Giuseppe Piromalli (born 1945) Giuseppe Piromalli (born January 4, 1945 in Gioia Tauro, Calabria), is an Italian criminal known as a member of the 'Ndrangheta in Calabria. He succeeded his uncle Giuseppe Piromalli as head of the family clan that controls the port of Gioia Tauro and is one of the major powers in the 'Ndrangheta. He became a member of "La Provincia", a provincial commission of the 'Ndrangheta, formed at the end of the Second 'Ndrangheta war in September 1991 to avoid further internal conflicts.


query: Wentworth Earl Miller III, is a British-American actor, model, and screenwriter, he made his screenwriting debut with which 2013 British-American psychological thriller-drama film written by Wentworth Miller and directed by South Korean filmmaker Park Chan-wook in his English-language debut?

pos: Wentworth Miller Wentworth Earl Miller III (born June 2, 1972) is a British-American actor, model, and screenwriter. He rose to prominence following his role as Michael Scofield in the five seasons of the Fox series "Prison Break", for which he received a Golden Globe Award nomination for Best Actor in a Leading Role. He made his screenwriting debut with the 2013 thriller film "Stoker". In 2014, he began playing Leonard Snart/Captain Cold in a recurring role on The CW series "The Flash" before becoming a series regular on the spin-off "Legends of Tomorrow". Miller reprised his role as Michael Scofield for the fifth season of the limited-run "Prison Break" revival, which aired on April 4, 2017 and concluded on May 30, 2017.

pos: Stoker (film) Stoker is a 2013 British-American psychological thriller-drama film written by Wentworth Miller and directed by South Korean filmmaker Park Chan-wook in his English-language debut. It stars Mia Wasikowska, Matthew Goode, and Nicole Kidman, and was released on 1 March 2013. The film is dedicated to producer Tony Scott, who died after production.

neg: Socialphobia Socialphobia () is a 2015 South Korean thriller/drama film starring Byun Yo-han and Lee Joo-seung. It was co-written and directed by Hong Seok-jae in his directorial debut, based on a real-life story that explores the social issues within internet culture among the Korean youth of the 21st century.

neg: The Handmaiden The Handmaiden (;  "Lady" ) is a 2016 South Korean erotic psychological thriller film directed by Park Chan-wook and starring Kim Min-hee, Kim Tae-ri, Ha Jung-woo and Cho Jin-woong. It is inspired from the novel "Fingersmith" by Welsh writer Sarah Waters, with the setting changed from Victorian era Britain to Korea under Japanese colonial rule.

neg: Red Carpet (film) Red Carpet () is a 2014 South Korean romantic comedy film written and directed by Park Beom-soo.

neg: Woo Moon-gi Woo Moon-gi (born 1983), is a South Korean film director. Woo's directorial feature debut, the indie sports comedy "The King of Jokgu" (2013), has won various awards, including Best New Director and Special Jury Prize at the 20th Chunsa Film Art Awards, and Best Independent Film Director at the 15th Director's Cut Awards.

neg: Miracle in Cell No. 7 Miracle in Cell No. 7 (; lit. "A Gift from Room 7") is a 2013 South Korean film starring Ryu Seung-ryong, Kal So-won and Park Shin-hye. The film is a heartwarming comedy and family melodrama about a mentally challenged man wrongfully imprisoned for murder, who builds friendships with the hardened criminals in his cell, and in return they help him see his daughter again by smuggling her into the prison.

neg: The Mayor (2017 film) The Mayor (, lit. "Special Citizen") is a 2017 South Korean political drama film written and directed by Park In-je. It stars Choi Min-sik, Kwak Do-won, Shim Eun-kyung, Moon So-ri, Ra Mi-ran, Ryu Hye-young and Ki Hong Lee. The film was released in South Korea on April 26, 2017 and in the US and Canada on April 28.

neg: In Another Country (film) In Another Country () is a 2012 South Korean comedy-drama film written and directed by Hong Sang-soo. Set in a seaside town, the film consists of three parts that tell the story of three different women, all named Anne and all played by French actress Isabelle Huppert. The film competed for the Palme d'Or at the 2012 Cannes Film Festival.

neg: Assassination (2015 film) Assassination () is a 2015 South Korean espionage action film co-written and directed by Choi Dong-hoon.

neg: The Russian Novel The Russian Novel () is a 2012 South Korean film written and directed by Shin Yeon-shick about an aspiring author who wakes up from a 27-year coma as one of his country's finest authors, credited for a book he didn't write.

neg: Park Ki-woong Park Ki-woong (born February 13, 1985) is a South Korean actor. He is best known for the TV series "The Slingshot" (2009) and "Bridal Mask" (2012), as well as the films "My Tutor Friend 2" (2007) and "Secretly, Greatly" (2013).

neg: Lanny Joon Lanny Joon is a Korean-American actor, known for his roles on "Lost" as Dr. Bae, and as a Vice Cop in the feature film "Takers", Agent Cole in "Black Gold", as well as Saeng in Michael Kang's "West 32nd" alongside John Cho, Grace Park, and Jun-seong Kim. He also played the role of JD in Edgar Wright's film "Baby Driver", opposite Jamie Foxx and Ansel Elgort.

neg: The Sea (2013 film) The Sea is a 2013 British-Irish drama film directed by Stephen Brown. It is based on the novel of the same name by John Banville, who also wrote the screenplay for the film. The film premiered in competition at the Edinburgh International Film Festival on 23 June 2013. The film had its North American premiere at the 2013 Toronto International Film Festival.

neg: Choi Woo-hyuk (actor, born 1985) Choi Woo Hyuk (Korean: 최우혁 , born October 28, 1985) is a South Korean actor under Bel Actors Entertainment and was popularly known as the young "Yoon Junseo" in 'hit' Korean drama "Endless Love 1:Autumn in My Heart". He debuted as an actor on 1993.

neg: Kim Hak-soon Kim Hak-soon (born 1954) is a South Korean film director and screenwriter. Kim wrote and directed the naval thriller film "Northern Limit Line" (2015) which depicts a real-life naval skirmish with North Korea in June 2002. It drew more than 6 million viewers 29 days after its release on June 24, 2015, making it one of the top-grossing film in 2015.

neg: Cho Yoon-woo Cho Yoon-Woo (born July 27, 1991) is a South Korean actor. He made his acting debut in the tvN's television series "Flower Boy Ramen Shop" (2011). He was also part of the ensemble cast of another romantic comedy television series on the same cable channel, "" (2013).

neg: Park Jung-woo Park Jung-woo (born 1969) is a South Korean film director and screenwriter. Park is an award-winning screenwriter turned director, and probably ranks as South Korea's most well-known screenwriter for his famous stories such as "Attack the Gas Station" (1999), "Last Present" (2001), "Kick the Moon" (2001), "Break Out" (2002) and "Jail Breakers" (2002). In 2004, he debuted with his directorial feature "Dance with the Wind" (2004). His third feature "Deranged" (2012) is a refreshing and unique take on the disaster genre, was a hit with more than 4.5 million admissions.

neg: Park Chul-min Park Chul-min (born January 18, 1967) is a South Korean actor.

neg: Let Me Out (film) Let Me Out () is a 2013 South Korean film. Part coming-of-age, part comedy, the low-budget indie is about a film student's struggles with making a movie for the first time, and captures the harsh realities of the Korean filmmaking industry. Produced by the Seoul Institute of the Arts and the Baekdu-Daegan Film Company, it was directed by Soh Jae-young (or Jae Soh) and Kim Chang-rae, and starred Kwon Hyun-sang in his first leading role.

neg: Bong Joon-ho Bong Joon Ho (, ] ; born September 14, 1969) is a South Korean film director and screenwriter. His films include South Korean hits "Memories of Murder" (2003), based on a true-life serial murder case, monster movie "The Host" (2006), and his first English-language film, science fiction adventure "Snowpiercer" (2013). His latest film is "Okja" (2017), a South Korean-American film, which competed for the "Palme d'Or" in the main competition section at the 2017 Cannes Film Festival. "Okja" was subsequently released by Netflix on June 28, 2017.

neg: The Kings of Summer The Kings of Summer (originally Toy's House) is a 2013 American independent coming-of-age comedy-drama film that premiered at the 2013 Sundance Film Festival. It stars Nick Robinson, Moisés Arias, Gabriel Basso, and Nick Offerman.


query: Seattle–Tacoma International Airport and Sitka Rocky Gutierrez Airport, are in which country's initials?

pos: Seattle–Tacoma International Airport Seattle–Tacoma International Airport (IATA: SEA, ICAO: KSEA, FAA LID: SEA) , also referred to as Sea–Tac Airport or Sea–Tac ( ), is the primary commercial airport serving the Seattle metropolitan area in the U.S. state of Washington. It is located in the city of SeaTac, approximately 13 mi south of Downtown Seattle. The airport, the largest in the Pacific Northwest region of North America, is owned and operated by the Port of Seattle.

pos: Sitka Rocky Gutierrez Airport Sitka Rocky Gutierrez Airport (IATA: SIT, ICAO: PASI, FAA LID: SIT) is a state owned, public use airport located west of the central business district of Sitka, a city and borough in the U.S. state of Alaska that has no direct road access to the outside world, although it has car ferry access.

neg: Avianca Avianca S.A. (acronym in Spanish for "Aerovías del Continente Americano S.A. "), Airways of the American Continent, is a Colombian airline that has been the national airline and flag carrier of Colombia since 5 December 1919, when it was initially registered under the name SCADTA. It is headquartered in Bogotá, D.C. with its main hub at El Dorado International Airport. Avianca also comprises a group of seven Latin American airlines, whose operations are combined to function as one airline using a code sharing system. Avianca is the largest airline in Colombia and second largest in Latin America. Avianca together with its subsidiaries has the most extensive network of destinations in Latin America. It is wholly owned by Synergy Group S.A., a South American holding company established by Germán Efromovich and specializing in air transport. It is listed on the Colombia Stock Exchange.

neg: Sihanoukville International Airport Sihanouk International Airport (formerly Sihanoukville International Airport) (IATA: KOS, ICAO: VDSV) (Khmer: អាកាសយានដ្ឋានអន្តរជាតិក្រុងព្រះសីហនុ French: "Aéroport International de Sihanouk" ), located 20 km east of Sihanoukville in Preah Sihanouk Province, is Cambodia's third largest international airport. The airport is also known as Kaong Kang Airport (Kaong Kang, កោងកាង = mangrove). The IATA code KOS is derived from Sihanoukville's alternative name "Kompong Som".

neg: Southwest Airlines Southwest Airlines Co. () is a major U.S. airline and the world's largest low-cost carrier headquartered in Dallas, Texas.

neg: San Sebastián Airport San Sebastián Airport (IATA: EAS, ICAO: LESO) is the airport serving San Sebastián in Basque Country, Spain. Despite its name, the facilities are located in the municipality of Hondarribia, with the runway stretching like a spit of land along the river Bidasoa right on the Spanish-French border.

neg: Aeropostal Cargo de México Aeropostal Cargo de Mexico was a cargo airline based in Mexico City, Mexico, operating on-demand flights within the Americas using leased aircraft.

neg: Larnaca International Airport Larnaca International Airport (Greek: Διεθνής Aερολιμένας Λάρνακας "Diethnís Aeroliménas Lárnakas" Turkish: "Larnaka Uluslararası Havaalanı" ) (IATA: LCA, ICAO: LCLK) is an international airport located 4 km southwest of Larnaca, Cyprus. Larnaca International Airport is Cyprus' main international gateway and the largest of the country's two commercial airports, the other being Paphos International Airport on the island's southwestern coast. In July 2016 Larnaca airport was renamed "Larnaca International Airport - Glafcos Clerides” in honour of former President of the Republic Glafcos Clerides.

neg: Fukuoka Airport Fukuoka Airport (福岡空港 , Fukuoka Kūkō ) (IATA: FUK, ICAO: RJFF) , formerly known as Itazuke Air Base, is an international and domestic airport located 1.6 NM east of Hakata Station in Hakata-ku, Fukuoka, Japan.

neg: Kumasi Airport Kumasi International Airport (IATA: KMS, ICAO: DGSI) is an international airport in Ghana serving Kumasi, the capital of the Ashanti Region. It is the busiest airport on the Ashantiland Peninsula. Kumasi International Airport is located 6 kilometres (4 mi) from Kumasi.

neg: Ernesto Cortissoz International Airport Ernesto Cortissoz International Airport (Spanish: "Aeropuerto Internacional Ernesto Cortissoz" , IATA: SKBQ ) is an airport serving the area of Barranquilla, the capital city of the Atlántico department in Colombia. The airport is located in the suburban municipality of Soledad. It owes its name to one of the pioneers of Colombian aviation, Ernesto Cortissoz.

neg: Los Cabos International Airport Los Cabos International Airport (IATA: SJD, ICAO: MMSD) is the sixth-busiest airport in Mexico, located at San José del Cabo in Los Cabos Municipality, Baja California Sur state, Mexico.

neg: Damascus International Airport Damascus International Airport (Arabic, مطار دمشق الدولي) (IATA: DAM, ICAO: OSDI) is the international airport of Damascus, the capital of Syria. Inaugurated in the mid-1970s, it also is the country's busiest airport. In 2010, an estimated 5.5 million passengers used the airport, an increase of more than 50% since 2004.

neg: Qantas Qantas Airways ( ; ) is the flag carrier of Australia and its largest airline by fleet size, international flights and international destinations. It is the third oldest airline in the world, after KLM and Avianca having been founded in November 1920; it began international passenger flights in May 1935. The Qantas name comes from ""QANTAS"", an acronym for its original name, ""Queensland and Northern Territory Aerial Services"", and it is nicknamed "The Flying Kangaroo". Qantas is a founding member of the Oneworld airline alliance.

neg: Olympia Regional Airport Olympia Regional Airport (IATA: OLM, ICAO: KOLM, FAA LID: OLM) is a public use airport located four nautical miles (7 km) south of the central business district of Olympia, a city in Thurston County and the capital of the U.S. state of Washington. It is owned by the Port of Olympia. It is about one mile (1.6 km) east of Interstate 5, actually within the boundaries of the city of Tumwater which is south of and adjacent to Olympia. The airport was identified in the Washington State Department of Transportation Long Term Aviation Study as a field that could potentially serve to relieve Seattle-Tacoma International Airport of increasing congestion.

neg: Saipan International Airport Saipan International Airport (IATA: SPN, ICAO: PGSN, FAA LID: GSN) , also known as Francisco C. Ada/Saipan International Airport, is a public airport located on Saipan Island in the United States Commonwealth of the Northern Mariana Islands. The airport is owned by Commonwealth Ports Authority. Its airfield was previously known as Aslito (during the Japanese South Pacific Mandate) and Isley Field (during the American World War II and later period).

neg: Naypyidaw Airport Naypyidaw International Airport, (Burmese: နေပြည်တော် အပြည်ပြည်ဆိုင်ရာ လေဆိပ် ; previously known as Ela Airport, officially Nay Pyi Taw International Airport), is located 16 kilometers southeast of Naypyidaw, the capital of Myanmar. Before the foundation of Naypyidaw, this was referred to as the airport of the nearby town of Pyinmana. The airport officially opened on 19 December 2011.

neg: Ottawa Macdonald–Cartier International Airport Ottawa/Macdonald–Cartier International Airport or Macdonald–Cartier International Airport ("L'aéroport international Macdonald-Cartier" in French), (IATA: YOW, ICAO: CYOW) in Ottawa, Ontario, Canada is an international airport named after the Canadian statesmen and two of the "founding fathers of Canada", Sir John A. Macdonald and Sir George-Étienne Cartier. Located in the south end of the city, 5.5 NM south of downtown Ottawa, it is Canada's sixth-busiest airport and Ontario's second-busiest airport by airline passenger traffic and Canada's seventh-busiest by aircraft movements, with 4,743,091 passengers and 153,347 aircraft movements in 2016. The airport is an Air Canada focus city and the home base for First Air. The airport is classified as an airport of entry by Nav Canada and is staffed by the Canada Border Services Agency. The airport is one of eight Canadian airports that have United States border preclearance facilities. The airport used to be a military base known as CFB Ottawa South/CFB Uplands. Although it is no longer a Canadian Forces Base it is still home to the Royal Canadian Air Force's 412 Transport Squadron.

neg: Monterrey International Airport Monterrey International Airport, (Spanish: "Aeropuerto Internacional de Monterrey" ); ceremonial name General Mariano Escobedo International Airport (IATA: MTY, ICAO: MMMY) , is an international airport located in Apodaca, Nuevo León, Mexico. Together with Del Norte International Airport, the airport handles domestic and international operations for the city of Monterrey and its metropolitan area.

neg: José Joaquín de Olmedo International Airport José Joaquín de Olmedo International Airport (Spanish: "Aeropuerto Internacional José Joaquín de Olmedo" ; IATA: GYE, ICAO: SEGU ) is an airport serving Guayaquil, the capital of the Guayas Province and the most populous city in Ecuador. It is the second busiest airport in Ecuador.

neg: Camilo Daza International Airport Camilo Daza International Airport (Spanish: "Aeropuerto Internacional Camilo Daza" ) (IATA: CUC, ICAO: SKCC) is a civil airport located in Cúcuta, Colombia. The airport serves the Norte de Santander Department. It is named after Colombian aviation pioneer Camilo Daza.

neg: Païta Païta (] ) is a commune in the suburbs of Nouméa in the South Province of New Caledonia, an overseas territory of France in the Pacific Ocean. New Caledonia's international airport, La Tontouta International Airport, is located there.


query: Which English feminist part of the intellectual circle with Judith Drake in the 17th century was known as "the first English feminist"?

pos: Judith Drake Judith Drake (fl. 1670s–1723) was an English intellectual and author who was active in the last decade of the 17th century. She was part of a circle of intellectuals, authors, and philosophers which included Mary Astell, Lady Mary Chudleigh, Elizabeth Thomas, Elizabeth Elstob, Lady Mary Wortley Montagu, and John Norris. She was married to James Drake F.R.S., physician and Tory pamphleteer. She is remembered in the field of feminist literature for her 1696 essay, "An Essay in Defence of the Female Sex".

pos: Mary Astell Mary Astell (Newcastle upon Tyne, 12 November 1666 – London, 11 May 1731) was an English feminist writer and rhetorician. Her advocacy of equal educational opportunities for women has earned her the title "the first English feminist."

neg: Anne Knight Anne Knight (2 November 1786 – 4 November 1862) was a social reformer, abolitionist and a pioneer of feminism. She was at the 1840 Anti-Slavery convention where the need to improve women's rights became obvious. In 1847 Knight produced what is considered the first leaflet for women's suffrage. She formed the first UK women's suffrage organisation in Sheffield in 1851.

neg: Boston Gleaning Circle The Boston Gleaning Circle was a female literary organization established by twenty women in 1805. It was the first female literary society in America. They read "any book favorable to the improvement of the mind" including history, theology, geography and poetry. Members took turns in reciting from the books.

neg: Judith Quiney Judith Quiney (baptised 2 February 1585 – 9 February 1662), "née" Shakespeare, was the younger daughter of William Shakespeare and Anne Hathaway and the fraternal twin of Shakespeare's only son Hamnet Shakespeare. She married Thomas Quiney, a vintner of Stratford-upon-Avon. The circumstances of the marriage, including Quiney's misconduct, may have prompted the rewriting of Shakespeare's will. Thomas was struck out, while Judith's inheritance was attached with provisions to safeguard it from her husband. The bulk of Shakespeare's estate was left, in an elaborate fee tail, to his elder daughter Susanna and her male heirs.

neg: Cambridge Platonists The Cambridge Platonists were a group of theologians and philosophers at the University of Cambridge in the middle of the 17th century. The leading figures were Ralph Cudworth and Henry More.

neg: Arcangela Tarabotti Arcangela Tarabotti (24 February 1604 – 28 February 1652) was a Venetian nun and Early Modern Italian writer. Tarabotti wrote texts and corresponded with cultural and political figures for most of her adult life, centering the issues of forced enclosure, and what she saw as other symptoms and systems of patriarchy and misogyny in her works and discussions. Tarabotti wrote at least seven works, though only five were published during her lifetime. Because of the politics of Tarabotti’s works, many scholars consider her “a protofeminist writer as well as an early political theorist.”

neg: Constance Maynard Constance Louisa Maynard (9 February 1849 – 26 March 1935) was the first principal of Westfield College (1882–1913) and a pioneer of women’s education. She was the first woman to read Moral Sciences (philosophy) at the University of Cambridge.

neg: Catharina Ahlgren Catharina Ahlgren (1734 – c. 1800) was a Swedish feminist writer, poet, translator, managing editor, and one of the first identifiable female journalists in Sweden. She is also known for her correspondence with Hedvig Charlotta Nordenflycht. Ahlgren was a leading person in the "Female literary world of the 1750s and 1770s" in Sweden. She later emigrated to Finland, where she published the first Finnish paper in the country.

neg: John Pordage John Pordage (1607–1681) was an Anglican priest, astrologer, alchemist and Christian mystic. He founded the 17th century English Behmenist group which would later become known as the Philadelphian Society when it was led by his disciple and successor, Jane Leade.

neg: Fear Brewster Fear Allerton née Brewster (c. 1606 - before December 12, 1634) was a woman in Colonial America. She was the third daughter of "Mayflower" Pilgrim William Brewster and his wife Mary, born in Scrooby, Nottinghamshire, England. Her early years, and indeed her whole life, were full of unrest. In 1608 she moved, along with the other pilgrims, to Amsterdam (and later Leiden).

neg: James Drake (physician) James Drake (1667–1707) was an English physician and political writer, a Jacobite and Fellow of the Royal Society.

neg: Millicent Fawcett Dame Millicent Garrett Fawcett, (11 June 1847 – 5 August 1929) was an English feminist, intellectual, political and union leader, and writer. She is primarily known for her work as a campaigner for women to have the vote.

neg: Anne K. Mellor Anne Kostelanetz Mellor (born July 15, 1941) is a Distinguished Professor of English Literature and Women's Studies at UCLA; she specializes in Romantic literature, British cultural history, feminist theory, philosophy, art history and gender studies. She is most known for a series of essays and books that introduced forgotten female Romantic writers into literary history, and she edited the first volume of feminist essays on Romantic writers in 1988, entitled "Romanticism and Feminism".

neg: Elizabeth Fry Elizabeth Fry (née Gurney, often referred to as "Betsy"; 21 May 1780 – 12 October 1845) was an English prison reformer, social reformer and, as a Quaker, a Christian philanthropist. She has sometimes been referred to as the "angel of prisons".

neg: Mary Ward (nun) Mary Ward, I.B.V.M. (23 January 1585 – 30 January 1645), was an English Catholic Religious Sister whose activities led to the founding of the Congregation of Jesus and the Institute of the Blessed Virgin Mary, better known as the Sisters of Loreto (not to be confused with the American Sisters of Loretto), which have both established schools around the world.

neg: Whore dialogues Whore dialogues are a literary genre of the Renaissance and the Enlightenment and a type of erotic fiction. The first example was the "Ragionamenti" by Pietro Aretino, followed by such works as "La Retorica delle Puttane" ("The Whore's Rhetoric") (1642) by Ferrante Pallavicino; "L'Ecole des Filles" (The School for Girls) (1655), attributed to Michel Millot and Jean L'Ange and also known as "The School of Venus"; "The Dialogues of Luisa Sigea" (c. 1660) by Nicolas Chorier—known also as "A Dialogue between a Married Woman and a Maid" in various editions. Such works typically concerned the sexual education of a naive younger woman by an experienced older woman and often included elements of philosophising, medical folklore, satire and anti-clericalism. The later works in this genre, such as that by Chorier, indulge in a more sophisticated type of sexual fantasy and are the precursors of the more explicit pornography which followed in Europe.

neg: Elizabeth Carey, Lady Berkeley Elizabeth, Lady Berkeley ("née" Carey; later Chamberlain; 24 May 1576 – 23 April 1635), was an English courtier and patron of the arts.

neg: Anne Marshall Anne Marshall (fl. 1661 – 1682), also Mrs. Anne Quin, was a leading English actress of the Restoration era, one of the first generation of women performers to appear on the public stage in England.

neg: Cecilia Ferrazzi Cecilia Ferrazzi (1609 – 17 January 1684) was a Counter-Reformation Catholic prototype social worker, whose life was extensively involved with establishment and maintenance of women's houses of refuge in seventeenth century Italy.

neg: Elizabeth Dawbarn Elizabeth Dawbarn (died 1839), was an English nurse and a pamphleteer from Wisbech, Cambridgeshire, who wrote on the nature of Christ, the influence women can exert on men, and the rights and needs of young children. Her works were distributed through the Baptist movement.

neg: The Monument of Matrones The Monument of Matrones (1582) was the first published anthology of English women's writing. A compilation of prayers and meditations written largely by and for women published in London, its full title was "The Monument of Matrones: Conteining Seven Severall Lamps of Virginitie, or Distinct Treatises; Whereof the First Five Concerne Praier and Meditation: the Other Two Last, Precepts and Examples". The "Monument"'s seven "Lampes" or books make up 1500 quarto pages.


query: Does Pulandian District have a greater area than Xilinhot?

pos: Xilinhot Xilinhot (Mongolian: Шилийн хот, , "Sili-yin hota" ; ) is a county-level city which serves as the seat of government for the Xilin Gol league in Inner Mongolia, People's Republic of China. It has a jurisdiction area of 14,785 km2 , and a population of 245,886, with 149,000 being in the Xilinhot urban area.

pos: Pulandian District Pulandian District () is one of the seven districts under the administration of Dalian, located in the south of Liaoning province, People's Republic of China. Its area is 2769.90 km² and its permanent population as of 2010 is 741,230. The district borders the prefecture-level city of Yingkou to the north.

neg: Songjiang District Songjiang, is a suburban district, formerly a county, of Shanghai. It has a land area of 605.64 km2 and a population of 1,582,398 (2010). Owing to a long history, Songjiang is known as the cultural root of Shanghai.

neg: Xinpu District Xinpu District () a former districts of Lianyungang, Jiangsu province, China Now merged with Haizhou District.

neg: Fuyu, Jilin Fuyu (), formerly Fuyu County, is a county-level city in northern Jilin, People's Republic of China, under the administration of the prefecture-level city of Songyuan. It has a land area of 4464 km2 , and a population of 750,000. It lies 98 km east-southeast of Songyuan and 140 km northeast of Changchun, the provincial capital. The county seat is located in the town of Sanchahe (三岔河镇 ). The city name comes from Buyeo, an ancient kingdom located in parts of Northeast China and northern Korea.

neg: Shibei District Shibei () is an urban district (区) of Qingdao, People's Republic of China. , it has an area of 63.18 km² and around 1,027,000 inhabitants. In December 2012 neighbouring Sifang District was merged into Shibei.

neg: Lantian County Lantian County () is under the administration of Xi'an, the capital of Shaanxi province, China. It is the easternmost and second-most spacious (after Zhouzhi County) of the 13 county-level divisions of Xi'an. The county borders the prefecture-level cities of Weinan to the northeast and Shangluo to the southeast, Lintong District to the north, Chang'an District to the west, and Baqiao District to the northwest.

neg: Nanxun District Nanxun District () is a district in the prefecture-level city of Huzhou, Zhejiang province, China. Nanxun Town (南浔镇), an old town, is located in the district. It is one of the most well-preserved old towns in this region and is known for its cultural heritage. Other towns in the district include Shuanglin, Lianshi, Linghu, Shanlian, Qianjin and Shicong.

neg: Muling Muling () is a county-level city of Mudanjiang, southeastern Heilongjiang, Northeast China, on the border with Russia. As of 2004, it has an area of 6,094 km2 and a population of 330,000.

neg: Qianjiang District Qianjiang District (formerly Qianjiang Tujia and Miao Autonomous County, ) is a district (formerly autonomous county) in the southeastern part of Chongqing Municipality in China. While it is governed as a district, in practice Qianjiang is its own city proper far removed from the urban centre of Chongqing. The Miao and Tujia ethnic groups constitute 50.03% of the Qianjiang population, the other half being mostly Han (49.94%). Qianjiang is nicknamed "The Throat of Sichuan and Hubei" (川鄂咽喉) because it sits on the intersection of Sichuan-Hubei and Sichuan-Hunan Roads.

neg: Shenhe District Shenhe District () is one of nine districts of Shenyang, the capital of Liaoning province, People's Republic of China, and forms part of the urban core. It borders the districts of Dadong to the northeast, Dongling to the southeast, Heping to the west, and Huanggu to the northwest.

neg: Hulunbuir Hulunbuir or Hulun Buir (Mongolian: ; , "Hūlúnbèi'ěr") is a region that is governed as a prefecture-level city in northeastern Inner Mongolia, in China. Its administrative center is located at Hailar District, its largest urban area. Major scenic features are the high steppes of the Hulun Buir grasslands, the Hulun and Buir lakes (the latter partially in Mongolia), and the Khingan range. Hulun Buir borders Russia to the north and west, Mongolia to the south and west, Heilongjiang province to the east and Hinggan League to the direct south. Hulunbuir is a linguistically diverse area: next to Mandarin Chinese, Mongolian dialects such as Khorchin and Buryat, the Mongolic language Dagur and some Tungusic languages are spoken there.

neg: Guitang Guitang () an urban subdistrict and the seat of Yuhua District in Changsha City, Hunan Province, China. Located in the built-up area of the district, the subdistrict has borders with Dongjing Subdistrict to the south, Lituo and Dongshan Subdistricts to the east, Dongtundu Subdistrict of Furong District and Gaoqiao Subdistrict to the north, Yuhuating and Jingwanzi Subdistricts to the west. It covers 12.1 km2 with a population of 54,729 (as of 2010 census).

neg: Ji'an, Jilin Ji'an (; formerly ) is a county-level city in southwestern part of Jilin province, People's Republic of China. It is administered by the prefecture-level city of Tonghua. Ji'an has an area of 3408 km2 and a population of approximately 230,000. The city was given its current status in 1988. Ji'an is separated from Manpo, Chagang Province, North Korea by the Yalu River; it has an international border running 203.5 km .

neg: Hunchun Hunchun is a county-level city in the Yanbian Korean Autonomous Prefecture, far eastern Jilin province, Northeast China. It borders North Korea (North Hamgyong province) and Russia (Primorsky Krai), has over 250,000 inhabitants, and covers 5,145 square kilometers. It was capital of Balhae/Bohai Kingdom between 785-793 as "Dongyang". The city's name Hunchun comes from the Manchu language meaning "borderland".

neg: Dali Bai Autonomous Prefecture Dàlǐ Bai Autonomous Prefecture (; Bai: Darl•lit Baif•cuf zirl•zirl•zox ) is an autonomous prefecture of northwestern Yunnan province, People's Republic of China. Dali has an area of 29,460 km² and its seat is located in Xiaguan, Dali City.

neg: Haojiang District Haojiang District () is a district of Shantou, Guangdong province, People's Republic of China. It was established in March 2003, consisting the former Dahao (达濠) and Hepu (河浦) districts. It covers 134.88 km2 . Dahao Island, which covers about 80 km2 , is part of Shantou special economic zone, to the west of Chaoyang District. Overlooking across the Queshi sea (礐石海), there are Longhu District (龙湖) and Jinping District (金平). Located on the coast of the South China Sea, Haojiang District has about 20 harbours. It has a population of 270,000.

neg: Tiexi District, Shenyang Tiexi District () is one of nine districts of Shenyang, the capital of Liaoning province, People's Republic of China, and forms part of the urban core. It borders Yuhong District to the north, Huanggu District to the northeast, Heping District to the east, Sujiatun District to the southeast, Liaozhong County to the southwest, and Xinmin City to the northwest; it also borders the prefecture-level city of Liaoyang to the south.

neg: Hualin, Heilongjiang Hualin () is a town in southern Heilongjiang, People's Republic of China, bounded to the northwest by the Mudan River and to the east by Linkou County. It is under the administration of Yangming District located 12 km north-northeast of downtown Mudanjiang.

neg: Lu'an Lu'an (), is a prefecture-level city in western Anhui province, People's Republic of China, bordering Henan to the northwest and Hubei to the southwest. At the 2010 census, it had a total population of 5,612,590, whom 1,644,344 resided in the built-up area made of 2 urban districts. Neighbouring prefecture-level cities are the provincial capital of Hefei to the east, Anqing to the south, Huanggang (Hubei) and Xinyang (Henan) to the west, and Huainan and Fuyang to the north. Although the character "六 " (literally: "six") is normally pronounced "Liù", in this case it changes to "Lù" on account of the historical literary reading.

neg: Puxi Puxi (Chinese: 浦西 , "Pǔxī", "Phu-shi", "Huangpu West Bank") is the historic center of Shanghai, China, and remains the home of approximately 48% of Shanghai's residents in an area of 288 km². "Puxi" is distinguished from "Pudong" to its east, which is separated from it by the Huangpu River. Despite the growing importance of Pudong's Lujiazui area, Puxi remains Shanghai's cultural, residential and commercial centre.

neg: Xinhua Township, Heilongjiang Xinhua Township () is a township of Beilin District, in the western suburbs of Suihua, Heilongjiang, People's Republic of China, located more than 10 km west of downtown. , it has seven villages under its administration.


query: What is the name of the Singaporean sound editor who worked on the 2014 American biographical survival drama film Wild?

pos: Ai-Ling Lee Ai-Ling Lee is a Singaporean sound editor, re-recording mixer and audio engineer working in Los Angeles, California. Her works on films, "Bruce Almighty" (2003), "Spider-Man 2" (2004), "Mr. & Mrs. Smith" (2005), "" (2009), "Tangled" (2010), "" (2011), "" (2014), "" (2014), "Wild" (2014), "The Maze Runner" (2014–15), "Deadpool" (2016), and critically acclaimed musical-drama "La La Land" for which she received two Academy Award nominations at 89th Academy Awards, including Academy Award for Best Sound Editing , and Academy Award for Best Sound Mixing . Together with Mildred Iatrou Morgan, their nomination became the first female team to be nominated in the category.

pos: Wild (2014 film) Wild is a 2014 American biographical survival drama film directed by Jean-Marc Vallée. The screenplay by Nick Hornby is based on Cheryl Strayed's 2012 memoir "". The film stars Reese Witherspoon as Strayed, alongside Laura Dern (as Strayed's mother), with Thomas Sadoski, Michiel Huisman and Gaby Hoffmann among several others in supporting roles. The film premiered at the Telluride Film Festival on August 29, 2014, and was released theatrically on December 3, 2014, in North America.

neg: James Richard James A. Richard (April 29, 1928 – October 25, 2002) was a sound editor.

neg: Claire Wong Claire Wong is a Singapore-based stage and film actress, director and filmmaker.

neg: Ricky Kej Ricky Kej (born 5 August 1981) is an Indo-American composer, music producer and conservationist. In 2015, he won a Grammy at the 57th Annual Grammy Awards for his album "Winds of Samsara", a collaboration with South African flautist Wouter Kellerman, in the Best New Age Album category. The project, his 14th studio album, had made a debut at #1 on the US "Billboard" New Age Albums Chart in August 2014, a first for a person of Indian origin. The album also peaked at #1 on the Zone Music Reporter Top 100 Radio Airplay Chart in the month of July 2014.

neg: Allan Lee Allan Lee (born in Hamilton, Scotland) is a film editor who lives in Vancouver, Canada and works regularly in Europe, UK and Canada.

neg: Roger Ross Williams Roger Ross Williams (born September 16, 1973) is an American television news, documentary and entertainment director, producer and writer. He directed most notably "Music by Prudence" that won the Academy Award for Best Documentary (Short Subject), about a 21-year-old Zimbabwean singer-songwriter Prudence Mabhena, who was born severely disabled and has struggled to overcome poverty and discrimination. All other seven members of Prudence's band "Liyana" are also disabled. Williams's film "God Loves Uganda", which premiered at the 2013 Sundance Film Festival to enormous critical acclaim. It was shortlisted for a 2014 Academy Award, has won over a dozen awards and screened at over 60 film festivals worldwide. His latest film "Life, Animated" was nominated for the 2017 Academy Award.

neg: Roy Charman Roy Charman (31 May 1930 – 4 October 1990) was an English sound engineer. He won an Academy Award for Best Sound and was nominated for three more in the same category.

neg: Steve Boeddeker Steve Boeddeker is a sound editor. Boeddeker and fellow sound editor Richard Hymns were nominated for an Academy Award for Best Sound Editing for the film "All Is Lost" (2013).

neg: Dan Dugan (audio engineer) Dan Dugan (born March 20, 1943) is an American audio engineer, inventor, and nature sounds recordist. He was the first person in regional theatre to be called a sound designer, and he developed the first effective automatic microphone mixer: the automixer. Dugan's sound design work was acknowledged in 2003 with a Distinguished Career Award by the United States Institute for Theatre Technology.

neg: Justin Jose Justin Jose (Malayalam:ജസ്റ്റിൻ ജോസ്) (born 1980) is an Indian Sound Engineer and Sound Mixer. He has worked in Hindi, Marathi, Tamil, Telugu, Bengali and Malayalam films.

neg: The Songs We Sang The Songs We Sang is a 2015 Singaporean documentary directed by Eva Tang. It is about Xinyao, Singaporean folk music that was popular in the 1980s.

neg: JJ Lin discography This is the discography of Singaporean Mandopop musician, singer-songwriter and music producer, JJ Lin (). JJ Lin was managed by Ocean Butterflies from 2003 to 2009. In 2011, he signed to Warner Music Taiwan. JJ had won the "Best New Artist" for his work on his debut album "Music Voyager" at the 15th Golden Melody Awards in 2004.

neg: Lee Shih Shiong Paul Lee Shih Shiong ( ; born 24 July 1966) is a Singaporean musician, composer, and record producer. In 2001, Lee won a Golden Melody Award for Best Composition for his work, "Cloudy Day", performed by his apprentice Stefanie Sun.

neg: My Voice, My Life My Voice, My Life 《爭氣》is a feature-length documentary film directed by Oscar-winning Chinese-American filmmaker Ruby Yang. It tells the poignant stories of a group of under-privileged Hong Kong youngsters who underwent six months of vigorous trainings to produce a musical on stage. Through their trials and tribulations, the students challenge parents, teachers and policy makers to reflect on our way of nurturing the next generation.

neg: Ghost on Air Ghost on Air is a Singapore horror film directed by Cheng Ding An and stars Y.E.S. 93.3FM DJ Zhou Chong Qing (Dennis Chew). The film is released island-wide in Singapore on 17 May 2012 and is slated for release in Malaysia in June 2012.

neg: Gene Cantamessa Gene Cantamessa (February 17, 1931 – November 8, 2011) was an American sound engineer. He won an Academy Award for Best Sound for his work on the 1982 Steven Spielberg film, "E.T. the Extra-Terrestrial". Cantamessa received six additional Academy Award nominations in the same category during his career.

neg: Yunyu Yunyu is an award winning Australian musician, film composer and singer-songwriter originally from Singapore, now living in New South Wales.

neg: Nat Ho Nathaniel "Nat" Ho (, born 23 August 1984) is a Singaporean actor and singer.

neg: Renganaath Ravee Renganaath Ravee is an Indian sound designer and sound editor.

neg: Renée Tondelli Renée Tondelli is a supervising sound editor, she is best known for her works on films such as "The Passion of the Christ" (2004), "Memoirs of a Geisha" (2005), "Django Unchained" (2012), "Lone Survivor" (2013), "American Hustle" (2013), "Into the Woods" (2014), "Deepwater Horizon" (2016) for which she was nominated for the Academy Award for Best Sound Editing () at 89th Academy Awards.

neg: Siam-Burma Death Railway (film) Siam Burma Death Railway is a 2014 Singaporean documentary film written and directed by Kurinji Vendan about the Asian forced-laborers who worked on the Siam-Burma Death Railway during World War II.


query: Larry Cedar is known for playing Leon, the opium-addicted thief and dealer of a French gambling card game from what century?

pos: Larry Cedar Larry Cedar (born March 6, 1955) is an American actor and a voice actor best known as one of the players of the highly acclaimed Children's Television Workshop mathematics show "Square One TV" on PBS from 1987 to 1994. He also played Alex the Butcher in a series of commercials for Kroger in 1989. Cedar is also known for playing Leon, the opium-addicted thief and faro dealer, in the internationally acclaimed HBO series, "Deadwood".

pos: Faro (card game) Faro, "Pharaoh", or "Farobank" is a late 17th-century French gambling card game. It is descended from basset, and belongs to the lansquenet and Monte Bank family of games due to the use of a banker and several players. Winning or losing occurs when cards turned up by the banker match those already exposed.

neg: Karnöffel Karnöffel is a trick-taking card game which probably came from the upper-German language area in Europe in the first quarter of the 15th century. It first appeared listed in a municipal ordinance of Nördlingen, Bavaria, in 1426 among the games that could be lawfully played at the annual city fête. This makes the game the oldest identifiable European card game in the history of playing cards.

neg: French playing cards French playing cards ("jeu de cartes") are cards that use the French suits of "trèfles" (clovers or clubs ♣ ), "carreaux" (tiles or diamonds ), "cœurs" (hearts ♥ ), and "piques" (pikes or spades ♠ ). Each suit contains three face cards; the "valet" (knave or jack), the "dame" (lady or queen), and the "roi" (king). Aside from these aspects, decks can include a wide variety of regional and national patterns which often have different deck sizes. In comparison to Spanish, Italian, German, and Swiss playing cards, French cards are the most widespread due to the geopolitical, commercial, and cultural influence of France and the United Kingdom in the past two centuries. Another reason for their expansion was the simplicity of the suit insignia which simplifies mass production and the popularity of whist, contract bridge, and the recent poker boom.

neg: Finance (game) Finance, or The Fascinating Game of Finance or Finance and Fortune, is a board game originally released in 1932. The game is based on "The Landlord's Game" in the movement of pieces around the board, the use of cards, properties that can be purchased, and houses that can be erected on them. The game also has railroads, however these may not be purchased. The game is actually a predecessor to "Monopoly".

neg: The Wizard of Oz (arcade game) The Wizard of Oz is an arcade pusher game based on the 1939 film that awards token chips and cards that are redeemable for prizes. The player shoots coins into the machine which drops chips and cards. The player collects the cards and chips that can be redeemed later for prizes. The coins are retained by the machine. Most arcades that have this game will award a jackpot for collecting the entire series of cards. It can be played by up the six players. The game is developed by Elaut Belgium and released in the fall of 2010. According to the company's press release, the game was very well received by players and amusement centers.

neg: King Albert (solitaire) King Albert is a solitaire card game using a deck of 52 playing cards. It is said to be named after Albert I of Belgium. It is the best known of the three games that are each called Idiot's Delight because of the low chance of winning the game (the other two are Aces Up and Perpetual Motion).

neg: Pinochle Pinochle ( ) or binocle (sometimes pinocle, or penuchle) is a trick-taking card game typically for two to four players and played with a 48-card deck. It is derived from the card game bezique; players score points by trick-taking and also by forming combinations of cards into melds. It is thus considered part of a "trick-and-meld" category which also includes a cousin, belote. Each hand is played in three phases: bidding, melds, and tricks. The standard game today is called "partnership auction pinochle."

neg: Tute Tute (] ) is a trick-taking card game for two to four players. Originating in Italy, where it was known as "Tutti", during the 19th century the game spread in Spain, becoming one of the most popular card games in the country. The name of the game was later modified by Spanish speakers, who started calling the game "Tute". The game is played with a deck of traditional Spanish playing cards, or "naipes ", that is very similar to the Italian 40-card deck.

neg: Lansquenet Lansquenet (derived from the French spelling of German Landsknecht ('servant of the land or country'), applied to a mercenary soldier) is a card game. Lansquenet also refers to 15th- and 16th-century German foot soldiers; the lansquenet drum is a type of field drum used by these soldiers.

neg: Post and pair Post and pair is a gambling card game that was popular in England in the 16th and 17th centuries — another name of the game was Pink. It is based on the same three-card combinations, namely prial, found in related game of this family.

neg: Trex (card game) Trex, pronounced Tricks or Trix, and also known as Ticks, is a four-player Middle Eastern card game mainly played in the Levant region (Jordan, Syria, Lebanon and Israel). Similar to the European game of Barbu, Trex takes on a cycle style in which there are four cycles with each cycle consisting of five games. Each cycle is called a "kingdom" in reference to the fact that in each cycle one player (the King) determines which contract to play in each of the five games.

neg: Pai gow Pai gow (; pinyin: pái jiǔ; jyutping: paai4 gau2) is a Chinese gambling game, played with a set of 32 Chinese dominoes. It is played in major casinos in China (including Macau); the United States (including Las Vegas, Nevada; Reno, Nevada; Connecticut; Atlantic City, New Jersey; Pennsylvania; and cardrooms in California); Canada (including Edmonton, Alberta and Calgary, Alberta); Australia; and, New Zealand. It dates back to at least the Song dynasty.

neg: Mobile gambling Mobile gambling refers to playing games of chance or skill for money by using a remote device such as a tablet computer, smartphone or a mobile phone with a wireless internet connection. Over a hundred mobile casinos are operating as of December 2013, with most of the big casino operators in gambling now providing a mobile platform for their player base.

neg: Triomphe Triomphe (French for triumph) is a card game dating from the late 15th century. It most likely originated in France or Spain (as triunfo) and later spread to the rest of Europe. When the game arrived in Italy, it shared a similar name with the pre-existing game and deck known as "trionfi" (tarot). While trionfi has a fifth suit that acts as permanent trumps, triomphe randomly selects one of the existing four suits as trumps. Another common feature of this game is the robbing of the stock. Triomphe became so popular that during the 16th century the earlier game of trionfi was gradually renamed tarocchi, tarot, or tarock. This game is the origin of the English word "trump" and is the ancestor of many trick-taking games like Euchre (via Écarté) and Whist (via Ruff and Honours).

neg: Put (card game) Put is an English tavern trick-taking card game first recorded in the 16th century and later castigated by 17th century moralists as one of ill repute. It belongs to a very ancient family of card games and clearly relates to a group known as Trut, "Truque", also "Tru", and the South American game Truco. Its more elaborate version is the Spanish game of Truc, which is still much played in many parts of Southern France and Spain.

neg: 3-5-8 3-5-8, also known as Sergeant Major for its popularity among members of Britain's Royal Air Force, is a trick taking card game for 3 players, using a standard 52 card deck. 3-5-8 may be played as a gambling game, or not, and there are many variations with names like "8-5-3" and "9-5-2" played throughout the world. The version "9-5-3 variation with no kitty" was played in the Royal Navy over fifty years ago, when fellow crew would sit around to continue their game from the previous night.

neg: Hounds and Jackals Hounds and Jackals is the modern name given to an Ancient Egyptian game, that is known from several examples of gaming boards and gaming pieces found in excavations. The modern name was invented by Howard Carter, who found one complete gaming set in a Theban tomb that dates to the 13th Dynasty. The latter game set is one of the best preserved examples and is today in the Metropolitan Museum of Art in New York. He called it "Hounds contra Jackals". Another modern name for this game, but not so often used is fifty-eight holes.

neg: Thirty-one (card game) Thirty-one (French "Trente et un") is a gambling card game played by two to seven people, where players attempt to assemble a hand which totals 31. Such a goal has formed the whole or part of various games like Commerce, Cribbage, Trentuno, and Wit and Reason since the 15th century.

neg: Chratze Chratze (] ; 'Raking') is a trick taking card game, mainly played in the German-speaking part of Switzerland as well as in Bavaria (there known as ). It is one of the over 70 variants of to the Jass and played with a deck of 36 cards, either a Swiss-German or French one.

neg: Card sharp A card sharp (also cardsharp, card shark or cardshark, sometimes hyphenated) is a person who uses skill and/or deception to win at poker or other card games. "Sharp" and "shark" spellings have varied over time and by region.

neg: Amusement arcade An amusement arcade (often referred to as "video arcade" or simply "arcade") is a venue where people play arcade games such as video games, pinball machines, electro-mechanical games, redemption games, merchandisers (such as claw cranes), or coin-operated billiards or air hockey tables. In some countries, some types of arcades are also legally permitted to provide gambling machines such as slot machines or "pachinko" machines. Games are usually housed in cabinets. The term used for ancestors of these venues in the beginning of 20th century was penny arcades.


query: What occupation was shared by both Tom Buckingham and George Sherman?

pos: Tom Buckingham Tom Buckingham (February 25, 1895 – September 7, 1934) was an American film director and screenwriter. He directed 48 films between 1920 and 1932. He was born in Chicago, Illinois, and died from surgical complications.

pos: George Sherman George Sherman (July 14, 1908 – March 15, 1991) was an American film director and producer of low-budget Western films.

neg: George W. Bryan George W. Bryan (born April 5, 1946) is an American businessman, former Chief Executive Officer of Sara Lee Foods, Senior VP of Sara Lee Corporation, and founder of Old Waverly Golf Club.

neg: George G. Gatley George G. Gatley (September 10, 1868—January 8, 1931) was a career officer in the United States Army. He attained the rank of brigadier general, and his World War I commands included the 30th and 42nd Infantry Divisions.

neg: Tom Sherman (American football) Thomas Joseph Sherman (born December 5, 1945) was an American football quarterback for the American Football League's Cincinnati Bengals (1968), Boston Patriots (1968–69), and Buffalo Bills (1969). In two seasons in the AFL, he played in 19 games and completed 92 of 228 passes for 1,219 Yards, 13 touchdowns and 16 interceptions. He also had 58 rushing attempts for 468 yards and 1 touchdown.

neg: George Toma George Toma (born February 2, 1929, in Edwardsville, Pennsylvania) is an American groundskeeper who specializes in working on sports facilities.

neg: George Stafford George Stafford was an American jazz drummer active in the 1920s and 1930s.

neg: George B. Cosby George Blake Cosby (January 19, 1830 – June 29, 1909), was a Confederate States Army Brigadier General during the American Civil War. He was an 1852 graduate of the United States Military Academy and served in the United States Army until May 10, 1861. In his antebellum years, he was a farmer in California, a sutler in Oregon and held several government positions.

neg: Edward V. Hartford Edward Vassallo Hartford (May 28, 1870 - June 30, 1922) was the Founder and President of the Hartford Suspension Company who perfected the automobile shock absorber. The middle son of A&P owner George Huntington Hartford and Marie Josephine Ludlum, Edward was the only son not involved in day-to-day operations of the food chain. However, starting in 1903, he was Secretary of the A&P corporation and along with his brothers George and John, he was also one of the three trustees who controlled the company's stock after his father died.

neg: George Anson Starkweather (Michigan) George Anson Starkweather (February 20, 1826 – February 7, 1907) was an American merchant, schoolteacher, lawyer, farmer, greenhouse owner, banker, Plymouth Village President, Plymouth Township Supervisor, philanthropist, leading community member and firm believer in education who, during the 1850s, served one term in the Michigan Legislature, representing Plymouth.

neg: George Pretyman Tomline Sir George Pretyman Tomline, 5th Baronet (born George Pretyman; 9 October 1750 – 14 November 1827) was an English clergyman, theologian, Bishop of Lincoln and then Bishop of Winchester, and confidant of William Pitt the Younger. He was an opponent of Catholic emancipation.

neg: Lowell Sherman Lowell J. Sherman (October 11, 1885 – December 28, 1934) was an American actor and film director. At a time when it was highly unusual, he was both the actor and director on several films in the early 1930s, before completely transitioning to the role of director. At the height of his career, after scoring huge successes with his direction of the films "She Done Him Wrong" and "Morning Glory" (which starred Mae West and won her first Academy Award for Katharine Hepburn respectively), he succumbed to pneumonia after a brief illness.

neg: Tom Hampton Tom Hampton (born July 25, 1965 in Savannah, Tennessee) is a multi-instrumentalist, sideman, session musician and singer/songwriter.

neg: William N. Pendleton William Nelson Pendleton (December 26, 1809 – January 15, 1883) was an American teacher, Episcopal priest, and soldier. He served as a Confederate general during the American Civil War, noted for his position as Gen. Robert E. Lee's chief of artillery for most of the conflict. After the war, Pendleton returned to his priestly duties and also wrote religious materials. Camp Pendleton in Virginia Beach, Virginia, is named in his honor.

neg: John Sherman (cricketer) John Sherman (17 October 1788 at Crayford, Kent – 31 August 1861 at Manchester) was an English professional cricketer. His first-class career spanned a record-equalling 44 seasons from 1809 to 1852; he shares this record with W G Grace. He was the elder brother of James Sherman and the uncle of Tom Sherman.

neg: George Washington Ewing George Washington Ewing (November 29, 1808 – May 20, 1888) was a Confederate politician during the American Civil War.

neg: George Bradley Kellogg George Bradley Kellogg (November 6, 1826 – November 12, 1875) was a Vermont military and political figure who served as Adjutant General of the Vermont Militia and a Lieutenant Colonel in the 1st Vermont Cavalry during the American Civil War.

neg: Thomas B. Stanley Thomas Bahnson Stanley (July 16, 1890 – July 10, 1970) was an American politician, manufacturer and Holstein cattle breeder. He served in a number of different political positions in Virginia, including serving as the 57th Governor of the state.

neg: George M. Humphrey George Magoffin Humphrey (March 8, 1890January 20, 1970) was an American lawyer, businessman and banker. He served as the United States Secretary of the Treasury for President Dwight D. Eisenhower.

neg: Tom Loyless Tom W. Loyless (ca.1871 - March 19, 1926) is now best known as the managing owner of the Warm Springs spa resort (for which his financial backer was George Foster Peabody). Prior to managing the resort, Loyless, a native of west Georgia, served as a newspaper reporter, editor and publisher at papers in Augusta, Columbus and Macon.

neg: George D. W. Smith George David William Smith FRS, FIMMM, FInstP, FRSC, CEng (b. 1943, in Aldershot, Hampshire) is a materials scientist with special interest in the study of the microstructure, composition and properties of engineering materials at the atomic level. He invented, together with Alfred Cerezo and Terry Godfrey, the Atom-Probe Tomograph in 1988.

neg: Editta Sherman Editta Sherman (née Rinaldo; July 9, 1912 – November 1, 2013) was an Italian-American photographer, often referred to as the "Duchess of Carnegie Hall", since she lived and worked in Carnegie Hall Artist Studios for over 60 years. Originally formed as a diverse artist enclave and bohemian work-live rental studios to financially support Andrew Carnegie's struggling concert hall, Sherman's home from the 1940s until 2010 allowed her to be part of a unique artistic community of neighbors. Her life's work consists of thousands of historical large format 8×10 negative camera portrait images taken of celebrities, writers, poets, models, sports heroes, politicians, and many others (including many of the famed former tenants of Carnegie Hall).


query: Who is a songwriter and musician as well as lead singer, Minoru Niihara or Robert Plant?

pos: Minoru Niihara Minoru Niihara (二井原 実 , Niihara Minoru ) (born March 12, 1960 in Osaka, Japan) is the original and current lead singer of the Japanese heavy metal band, Loudness.

pos: Robert Plant Robert Anthony Plant, {'1': ", '2': ", '3': ", '4': "} (born 20 August 1948) is an English singer, songwriter, and musician, best known as the lead singer and lyricist of the rock band Led Zeppelin.

neg: Eru (singer) Jo Sung-hyun (born July 5, 1983) better known as by his stage name Eru, is an American singer, musician, and composer based in South Korea.

neg: Bob Rock Robert Jens Rock (born April 19, 1954) is a Canadian musician, sound engineer, and record producer best known for producing rock bands and music artists such as The Tragically Hip, Aerosmith, The Cult, Bon Jovi, Mötley Crüe, 311, Metallica, Our Lady Peace, Bryan Adams, The Offspring, Michael Bublé, Black Veil Brides, David Lee Roth and Ron Sexsmith.

neg: Kaori Moriwaka Kaori Moriwaka (森若香織, "Moriwaka Kaori", born December 11, 1963 in Sapporo, Hokkaido) is a singer-songwriter and actress. She was in the band The Go-Bang's and Ram Jam World; more recently, she portrayed Ikuko Tsukino in the live-action TV series Pretty Guardian Sailor Moon. She also wrote songs and played the guitar as a back musician for Japanese girl band Chee's.

neg: Uncontrolled (album) Uncontrolled is the 10th studio album by Japanese pop and R&B musician Namie Amuro, released on June 27, 2012. The album was released before her 20th anniversary concerts — one in Okinawa in September, and seven across Japan in November and December 2012. The album consists mostly of songs sung in Japanese, however this was the first album of Amuro's to feature several songs sung entirely in English.

neg: Phil Johnstone Phil Johnstone is a songwriter, keyboardist, guitarist and record producer, best known for his work with singer Robert Plant. His songwriting credits include Plant's number-one Mainstream Rock hits "Heaven Knows", "Tall Cool One" and "Hurting Kind (I've Got My Eyes on You)".

neg: Jiyū e Michizure "Jiyū e Michizure" (自由へ道連れ , "Traveling Companion to Freedom") (official English title: "Collateral Damage") is Japanese singer-songwriter Ringo Sheena's digital single (the 17th single overall), released on May 16, 2012.

neg: Hasu no Hana "Hasu no Hana" (Japanese: 蓮の花 , "Lotus Flower") (] ) is a song by Japanese band Sakanaction. The song was used as the theme song of the film "Close Range Love" (2014) starring Tomohisa Yamashita and Nana Komatsu. The version used in the film was given an initial release on October 8, 2014 digitally, followed by a single release featuring a different mix of the song on October 29, where it was paired with the song "Sayonara wa Emotion" as a double A-side single.

neg: Tortoise Matsumoto Tortoise Matsumoto (トータス松本 "Tōtasu Matsumoto", born December 28, 1966 as 松本敦 "Atsushi Matsumoto") is the lead singer of the Japanese guitar group, Ulfuls. He has also had a couple of acting roles in TV dramas, starting with "Namida o Fuite" (涙をふいて) in 2000.

neg: Robert Kirby Robert Kirby (16 April 1948 – 3 October 2009) was a British-born arranger of string sections for rock and folk music. He was best known for his work on the Nick Drake albums, "Five Leaves Left" and "Bryter Layter", but also worked with Vashti Bunyan, Elton John, Ralph McTell, Strawbs, Paul Weller and Elvis Costello.

neg: B-flower b-flower are a Japanese indie pop band formed in Kyoto, Japan, in the late 1980s. The band would be put under such banners as ネオアコースティック ("Neo-Acoustic") in Japan (see below), which refers to the sound heavily influenced by the British independent music scene of the 1980s, most notably alternative rock. ネオアコ ("Neo-Aco"), as often dubbed, was popular with the country's young generations in the 1990s.

neg: Rob Grill Robert Frank Grill (November 30, 1943 – July 11, 2011) was an American lead singer, songwriter and bass guitarist, best known as a member of the rock and roll group The Grass Roots.

neg: Keiichi Suzuki Keiichi Suzuki (鈴木 慶一 , Suzuki Keiichi , born August 28, 1951) is a Japanese musician, singer, songwriter, and record producer who co-founded the Moonriders, a group that became one of Japan's most innovative rock bands. He is known to audiences outside Japan for his musical contributions to the video games "Mother" (1989) and "EarthBound" (1994), both of which have been released on several soundtracks. More recently, he has composed film scores including "The Blind Swordsman: Zatōichi" (2003), "Tokyo Godfathers" (2003), "Uzumaki" (2000), "Chicken Heart" (2009), as well as Takeshi Kitano's "Outrage" (2010) and "Beyond Outrage" (2012).

neg: Kaori Moritani Kaori Moritani (守谷 香 , Moritani Kaori , born July 26, 1969) , also known as Wanku (わんくぅ ) , is a Japanese singer from Aichi Prefecture, Japan. She retired after marrying in 1997, but resumed activities in 2008 for the record label Healing World.

neg: Yasuharu Konishi Yasuharu Konishi (小西 康陽 , Konishi Yasuharu , born February 3, 1959) is a Japanese musician, composer and DJ. He was a founding member of Pizzicato Five and the only founding member to stay with the group until its breakup in 2001. Konishi's current activities are through his company readymade entertainment and his record label 524 records (a play on words from Konishi's name, as the numbers 524 can be read "ko-ni-shi" in Japanese using "goroawase").

neg: Norihiro Tsuru Norihiro Tsuru (都留教博)is a Japanese violinist and composer. He has composed the scores to several anime series, including "The Heroic Legend of Arslan", "Mermaid's Forest" and "Mermaid's Scar". He released his first album "月をつくった男" in 1989. He also organized the New-age music group Acoustic Cafe in 1990 (not related to the American radio programme Acoustic Café).

neg: Makoto Kitayama Makoto Kitayama (born 1952) is a Japanese musician, active since the late '60s, most notably as vocalist and songwriter for the progressive rock band Shingetsu.

neg: Heaven Knows (Robert Plant song) "Heaven Knows" is a rock song performed by English rock singer Robert Plant. It was the first single to be released from his 1988 album "Now and Zen". It reached number 33 on the UK singles chart and number 1 on the "Billboard" Album Rock Tracks chart. It was Plant's third number-one rock song, following 1983's "Other Arms" and 1985's "Little by Little."

neg: Yojiro Noda Yojiro Noda (野田洋次郎 , "Noda Yōjirō" , born July 5, 1985) , is a Japanese musician, singer, songwriter and record producer. Noda is the lead vocalist, songwriter and guitarist of the Japanese rock band RADWIMPS, and also began a solo project, Illion, in 2012.

neg: Champloose Shoukichi Kina & Champloose (喜納昌吉&チャンプルーズ , Kina Shōkichi ando chanpurūzu ) is a Japanese band from Okinawa blending traditional Okinawan music with a strong Western rock influence. Their name is apparently derived from the word for a traditional Okinawan stir-fry, chanpuru. Singer and lead songwriter Shoukichi Kina's electric sanshin was a particularly distinctive part of their sound. First major single was the classic "Haisai Ojisan" (Hey, old man), written while Kina was still in high school but not a hit until a few years later, in 1972. Later, Champloose's version of the Okinawan folk song "Jin Jin" (Firefly) was a minor hit in British discos, and their ballad "Hana" (Flowers), with vocals by Kina's wife, became a weepy favourite in many Asian countries.

neg: Sweet 19 Blues (song) "Sweet 19 Blues" (stylized as "SWEET 19 BLUES") is a song recorded by Japanese recording artist Namie Amuro. The song was composed, written and arranged by Tetsuya Komuro for her same title debut album. A month after its release, her label Avex Trax released the song as a recut single due to popular demand. The song's subject and the album was about the melancholic passing of another sweet year of youth, which is a particularly Japanese obsession.


query: What type of stories did the author of the 1938 novel This Man Must Die use the pseudonym of Nicholas Blake?

pos: This Man Must Die This Man Must Die (French: Que la bête meure ), American title The Beast Must Die, is a 1969 French and Italian thriller film directed by Claude Chabrol. The story is based on a 1938 novel by Cecil Day-Lewis, writing as Nicholas Blake, "The Beast Must Die". The film had a total of 1,092,910 admissions in France.

pos: Cecil Day-Lewis Cecil Day-Lewis (or Day Lewis) (27 April 1904 – 22 May 1972), often writing as C. Day-Lewis, was an Anglo-Irish poet and the Poet Laureate of the United Kingdom from 1968 until his death in 1972. He also wrote mystery stories under the pseudonym of Nicholas Blake. He was the father of actor Daniel Day-Lewis and documentary filmmaker and television chef Tamasin Day-Lewis.

neg: Edgar Jepson Edgar Alfred Jepson (1863–1938) was an English author. He created primarily mainstream adventure and detective fiction. He also wrote supernatural and fantasy stories.

neg: James Redding Ware James Redding Ware (1832-c 1909, pseudonym Andrew Forrester) was a British writer, novelist and playwright, creator of one of the first female detectives in fiction.

neg: Arthur Kipps Arthur Kipps is the name of the protagonist in two distinct works of fiction.

neg: Milton Scott Michel Milton Scott Michel (October 23, 1916 – July 8, 1992) was an American crime fiction writer and playwright. His most notable work was published in the 1940s – 1960s.

neg: The Vicar of Nibbleswicke The Vicar of Nibbleswicke is a children's story written by Roald Dahl and illustrated by Quentin Blake. It was first published in London in 1991, after Dahl's death, by Century. The protagonist is a dyslexic vicar, and the book was written to benefit the Dyslexia Institute in London (now Dyslexia Action), with Dahl and Blake donating their rights.

neg: The Saint Goes West The Saint Goes West is a collection of three mystery novellas by Leslie Charteris, first published in the United States in 1942 by The Crime Club, and in the United Kingdom the same year by Hodder and Stoughton.

neg: The Good Soldier The Good Soldier: A Tale of Passion is a 1915 novel by English novelist Ford Madox Ford. It is set just before World War I and chronicles the tragedy of Edward Ashburnham, the soldier to whom the title refers, and his own seemingly perfect marriage and that of two American friends. The novel is told using a series of flashbacks in non-chronological order, a literary technique that formed part of Ford's pioneering view of literary impressionism. Ford employs the device of the unreliable narrator to great effect as the main character gradually reveals a version of events that is quite different from what the introduction leads the reader to believe. The novel was loosely based on two incidents of adultery and on Ford's messy personal life.

neg: Rog Phillips Roger Phillips Graham (1909-1966), born in Spokane, Washington, was an American science fiction writer who was published most often using the name Rog Phillips, but also used other names. Of his other pseudonyms, only Craig Browning is notable in the genre. He is associated most with "Amazing Stories" and is known best for short fiction. He was nominated for the Hugo Award for Best Novelette during 1959.

neg: Julius Chambers Julius Chambers, F.R.G.S., (November 21, 1850 – February 12, 1920) was an American author, editor, journalist, travel writer, and activist against psychiatric abuse.

neg: Under the Sunset Under the Sunset is a collection of short stories by Bram Stoker (the author of "Dracula"), first published in 1881.

neg: The Portrait of Mr. W. H. "The Portrait of Mr. W. H." is a story written by Oscar Wilde, first published in "Blackwood's Magazine" in 1889. It was later added to the collection "Lord Arthur Savile's Crime and Other Stories", though it does not appear in early editions. An enlarged edition planned by Wilde, almost twice as long as the "Blackwood's" version, with cover illustration by Charles Ricketts, did not proceed and only came to light after Wilde's death. This was published in limited edition by Mitchell Kennerley in New York in 1921, and in a first regular English edition by Methuen in 1958, edited by Vyvyan Holland.

neg: The Story-Teller The Story-Teller was a monthly British pulp fiction magazine from 1907 to 1937. "The Story-Teller" is notable for having published some of the works of prominent authors, including G. K. Chesterton, William Hope Hodgson, Rudyard Kipling, Katherine Mansfield, Sax Rohmer, Edgar Wallace, H. G. Wells, Oliver Onions, Hall Caine, Marjorie Bowen, E. Phillips Oppenheim, Alice & Claude Askew, and Tom Gallon.

neg: Talbot Baines Reed Talbot Baines Reed (3 April 1852 – 28 November 1893) was an English writer of boys' fiction who established a genre of school stories that endured into the mid-20th century. Among his best-known work is "The Fifth Form at St. Dominic's". He was a regular and prolific contributor to "The Boy's Own Paper" ("B.O.P."), in which most of his fiction first appeared. Through his family's business, Reed became a prominent typefounder, and wrote a standard work on the subject: "History of the Old English Letter Foundries".

neg: Agatha Christie bibliography Agatha Christie (1890–1976) was an English crime novelist, short story writer and playwright. Although she wrote six romance novels under the pseudonym Mary Westmacott, her reputation rests on the 66 detective novels and 14 short story collections that she wrote under her own name, which have sold over two billion copies—an amount only surpassed by the Bible and the works of William Shakespeare. Her works contain several regular characters with whom the public became familiar, including Hercule Poirot, Miss Marple, Tommy and Tuppence Beresford, Parker Pyne and Harley Quin. Christie wrote more Poirot stories than any of the others, even though she thought the character to be "rather insufferable". Following the publication of the 1975 novel "Curtain", Poirot's obituary appeared on the front page of "The New York Times". The literary historian Howard Haycraft considered that "few fictional sleuths can surpass the amazing little Belgian—with his waxed moustache and egg-shaped head, his inflated confidence in the infallibility of his 'little grey cells', his murderous attacks on the English language—either for individuality or ingenuity."

neg: The Rider The Rider is a short Ruritanian romance by Edgar Rice Burroughs. It was written in 1915 and first published as "H.R.H. the Rider" as a serial in All-Story Weekly from December 14–18, 1918. Its first book publication paired it with an unrelated tale, "The Oakdale Affair", in "The Oakdale Affair and The Rider", issued by Edgar Rice Burroughs, Inc. in February 1937 and subsequently reprinted by Grosset & Dunlap in 1937, 1938, and 1940. The story's first independent book publication was in a paperback edition from Ace Books in October 1974.

neg: Philip Marlowe Philip Marlowe is a fictional character created by Raymond Chandler. Marlowe first appeared under that name in "The Big Sleep", published in 1939. Chandler's early short stories, published in pulp magazines like "Black Mask" and "Dime Detective", featured similar characters with names like "Carmady" and "John Dalmas".

neg: Anita Blake Anita Blake is the title and viewpoint character of the "" series by Laurell K. Hamilton. The series takes place in a parallel world in which supernatural characters like vampires and werewolves exist alongside regular humans, with Blake's jobs including the re-animation of the dead as well as the hunting and executing of supernatural creatures (mostly vampires) that have broken the law. Hamilton stated that she created the character after perceiving a gender inequality in detective fiction, with female characters rarely getting the same treatment as male heroes of the genre.

neg: His Chance in Life "His Chance in Life" is a short story by Rudyard Kipling. It was first published in the first Indian edition of "Plain Tales from the Hills" (1888), and in subsequent editions of that collection. The story is illuminating about Kipling's attitudes to race, which are less cut-and-dried than is often thought. Kipling is interesting, if not very detailed, on people of mixed race and the snobberies involved. (For some detail, see the Kipling Society notes.)

neg: William Wilson (short story) "William Wilson" is a short story by Edgar Allan Poe, first published in 1839, with a setting inspired by Poe's formative years on the outskirts of London. The tale follows the theme of the doppelgänger and is written in a style based on rationality. It also appeared in the 1840 collection "Tales of the Grotesque and Arabesque", and has been adapted several times.

neg: Dashiell Hammett Samuel Dashiell Hammett ( ; May 27, 1894 – January 10, 1961) was an American author of hard-boiled detective novels and short stories, screenwriter, and political activist. Among the enduring characters he created are Sam Spade ("The Maltese Falcon"), Nick and Nora Charles ("The Thin Man"), and the Continental Op ("Red Harvest" and "The Dain Curse").


query: Who directed the 1994 American black comedy neo-noir crime film producted by Harvey Weinstein?

pos: Harvey Weinstein Harvey Weinstein, CBE (born March 19, 1952) is an American film producer and film studio executive. He is best known as co-founder of Miramax, which produced several popular independent films including "Pulp Fiction, Sex, Lies and Videotape, The Crying Game" and "Clerks". He and his brother Bob have been co-chairmen of The Weinstein Company, their film production company, since 2005. He won an Academy Award for producing "Shakespeare in Love", and garnered seven Tony Awards for producing a variety of winning plays and musicals, including "The Producers", "Billy Elliot the Musical", and "".

pos: Pulp Fiction Pulp Fiction is a 1994 American black comedy neo-noir crime film written and directed by Quentin Tarantino, from a story by Tarantino and Roger Avary. Directed in a highly stylized manner, "Pulp Fiction" connects the intersecting storylines of Los Angeles mobsters, fringe players, small-time criminals, and a mysterious briefcase. The film's title refers to the pulp magazines and hardboiled crime novels popular during the mid-20th century, known for their graphic violence and punchy dialogue.

neg: Horrible Bosses Horrible Bosses is a 2011 American black comedy film directed by Seth Gordon, written by Michael Markowitz, John Francis Daley and Jonathan Goldstein, based on a story by Markowitz. It stars Jason Bateman, Charlie Day, Jason Sudeikis, Jennifer Aniston, Colin Farrell, Kevin Spacey and Jamie Foxx. The plot follows three friends, played by Bateman, Day and Sudeikis, who decide to murder their respective overbearing, abusive bosses, portrayed by Spacey, Aniston and Farrell.

neg: List of The Weinstein Company films The following is the complete list of films produced and distributed by an American company The Weinstein Company. The company was founded by Bob and Harvey Weinstein in 2005. The company's first releases in 2005 was the dramatic thriller "Derailed" (starring Jennifer Aniston, Vincent Cassel and Clive Owen).

neg: Wise Guys (1986 film) Wise Guys is a 1986 black Mafia comedy crime film directed by Brian De Palma and starring Danny DeVito and Joe Piscopo. A comedy revolving around two small-time mobsters from Newark, New Jersey, it also features Harvey Keitel, Ray Sharkey, Lou Albano, Dan Hedaya, and Frank Vincent.

neg: Bad Boy Bubby Bad Boy Bubby is a 1994 Australian-Italian black comedy/drama film written and directed by Rolf de Heer. It stars Nicholas Hope and Carmel Johnson.

neg: Dangerous Game (1993 film) Dangerous Game (also known as Snake Eyes) is a 1993 Italian-American drama film directed by Abel Ferrara, written by Nicholas St. John, and starring Madonna, Harvey Keitel, and James Russo.

neg: Carnival of Souls (1998 film) Carnival of Souls (also billed as Wes Craven Presents 'Carnival of Souls') is a 1998 horror film, a remake of Herk Harvey's 1962 horror film of the same name, although it has very little in common with the story of the original. It stars Bobbie Phillips and comedian Larry Miller, and was directed by Adam Grossman and Ian Kessner. It was executive produced by Wes Craven. The tagline for the film was: "Enter at your own risk! Enter if you dare."

neg: The Client (1994 film) The Client is a 1994 American legal thriller film directed by Joel Schumacher, and starring Susan Sarandon, Tommy Lee Jones, and Brad Renfro. It is based on the novel of the same name by John Grisham. The film was released in the United States on July 20, 1994.

neg: Mind Twister Mind Twister is a 1994 American erotic thriller film directed by Fred Olen Ray, written by Mark Thomas McGee, and produced by Luigi Cingolani and Smart Egg Pictures. Set in Los Angeles, the film takes place largely following the brutal homicide of an exotic dancer at the hands of an unknown killer. Suspecting a local psychiatrist (Gary Hudson) to be the murderer, the victim's friend (Suzanne Slater) goes undercover as his therapy patient to reveal the truth, while a seasoned police detective (Telly Savalas) follows the case.

neg: Rising Sun (film) Rising Sun is a 1993 American crime film written and directed by Philip Kaufman, starring Sean Connery (who was also an executive producer), Wesley Snipes, Harvey Keitel, and Cary-Hiroyuki Tagawa. Michael Crichton and Michael Backes wrote the screenplay, based on Crichton's novel of the same name.

neg: Midnight Tease Midnight Tease is a 1994 American film about strippers being killed.

neg: Passenger 57 Passenger 57 is a 1992 American action film directed by Kevin Hooks. The film stars Wesley Snipes and Bruce Payne. Its success made Snipes a popular action hero icon. It also introduced Snipes' famous line: "Always bet on black."

neg: Hell Up in Harlem Hell Up in Harlem is a 1973 blaxploitation film, starring Fred Williamson and Gloria Hendry. Written and directed by Larry Cohen, it is a sequel to the film "Black Caesar".

neg: A Dirty Carnival A Dirty Carnival (; lit: <nowiki></nowiki>"The Mean Street"<nowiki></nowiki>) is a South Korean neo-noir action thriller film directed by Yoo Ha. It is Yoo Ha's fourth feature film, his previous work being the 2004 drama, "Once Upon a Time in High School".

neg: The First Power The First Power is a 1990 American neo-noir horror film written and directed by Robert Resnikoff and starring Lou Diamond Phillips, Tracy Griffith, Jeff Kober and Mykelti Williamson.

neg: A Taste of Killing and Romance A Taste of Killing and Romance is a 1994 Hong Kong action romantic thriller film produced and directed by Veronica Chan and starring Andy Lau and Anita Yuen as a pair of assassins who unknowingly work for the same organisation that meet and eventually fall in love.

neg: Clifford (film) Clifford is a 1994 comedy film starring Martin Short, Charles Grodin, Mary Steenburgen, and Dabney Coleman.

neg: Flesh and Bone (film) Flesh and Bone is a 1993 neo noir film drama written and directed by Steve Kloves that stars Meg Ryan, Dennis Quaid and James Caan. Gwyneth Paltrow is featured in an early role. Janet Maslin of "The New York Times" described Paltrow as a scene-stealer "who is Blythe Danner's daughter and has her mother's way of making a camera fall in love with her."

neg: Total Corruption Total Corruption (aka "Chi Chi LaRue's Total Corruption") is a 1993 gay pornographic feature-length video about a newbie cop and his comrades. The video stars Greg Ross, Hank Hightower, Zak Spears, and Donnie Russo.

neg: Clerks Clerks is a 1994 American independent black comedy film written, directed, and co-produced by Kevin Smith. Starring Brian O'Halloran as Dante Hicks and Jeff Anderson as Randal Graves, it presents a day in the lives of two store clerks and their acquaintances. Shot entirely in black-and-white, "Clerks" is the first of Smith's View Askewniverse films, and introduces several recurring characters, notably Jay and Silent Bob, the latter played by Smith himself. The structure of the movie contains nine scene breaks, signifying the nine rings of hell as in Dante Alighieri's Divine Comedy, from which the main character, Dante, gets his name.

neg: Gross Misconduct (film) Gross Misconduct is a 1993 thriller film directed by George T. Miller. It stars Jimmy Smits and Naomi Watts. It was nominated for an award by the Australian Film Institute in 1993. The film has been described as an Australian version of "Fatal Attraction".


query: Yeo Hoon-min and Ian Brown, have which mutual occupation?

pos: Yeo Hoon-min Yeo Hoon-min (Korean: 여훈민 ; born August 16, 1991), also known by his stage name Hoon, is a South Korean singer and actor. He is best known as a member of South Korean boy band U-KISS under NH Media. He joined the group in February 2011 after the departure of Alexander Lee Eusebio and Kim Kibum. Hoon currently attends Dongguk University, majoring in theatre and film.

pos: Ian Brown Ian George Brown (born 20 February 1963) is an English musician. He is the lead singer of the alternative rock band the Stone Roses from their formation in 1983. Following the split he began a solo career, releasing six studio albums, a greatest hits compilation, a remix album and 17 singles. He has performed solo shows in 45 countries. He returned to singing for the Stone Roses on 19 October 2011. On 20 October, he put out a statement to say that although he had reunited with the band, it did not spell the end of his solo endeavours. Brown is also known for a cameo role in "Harry Potter and the Prisoner of Azkaban".

neg: The Greatest (Ian Brown album) The Greatest is the first compilation album from British musician Ian Brown, current lead singer of The Stone Roses. It was released on 12 September 2005 and covers material from his first four albums plus two new tracks, "All Ablaze" and "Return of the Fisherman". "All Ablaze" was released as a single on 5 September 2005.

neg: Alan Brown (Scottish politician) Alan Brown (born 12 August 1970) is a Scottish politician and the Scottish National Party (SNP) Member of Parliament (MP) for Kilmarnock and Loudoun, since gaining the seat in the 2015 general election. In 2017, Brown was appointed as the SNP Westminister spokesperson on Transports, Infrastructure and Energy.

neg: Denise Yue Denise Yue Chung-yee () (born 1952) was a Hong Kong politician and Secretary for the Civil Service.

neg: Ian Chen (musician) Ian Chen (born 4 February 1991) is a Taiwanese singer, songwriter and actor. He was a former contestant on the fifth season of the television talent show, "One Million Star".

neg: Xiumin Kim Min-seok (born (1990--) 26, 1990 ), better known by his stage name Xiumin, is a South Korean singer and actor. He is best known as a member of the South Korean-Chinese boy group EXO, its sub-group EXO-M, and its sub-unit EXO-CBX.

neg: Ronnie Chan Ronnie Chan Chi-chung (; born 1949 in Hong Kong) is a Hong Kong entrepreneur.

neg: Ann Hui Ann Hui On-Wah, MBE (; Hepburn: "Kyo Anka"; born 23 May 1947) is a Hong Kong film director, producer, screenwriter and actress. She is one of the most critically acclaimed Hong Kong New Wave filmmakers. She is known for her films about social issues in Hong Kong.

neg: O'Chi Brown O'Chi Brown (born Doris Gubbins) is an English singer and songwriter born in Tottenham, London, England. She scored two hits on the Dance Club Songs, the most successful being "Whenever You Need Somebody," which hit number one in 1986. The song's producers (Stock Aitken Waterman) would recycle the song for English singer Rick Astley a year later, and it would be the title of his debut studio album on PWL.

neg: Yeung Kwo Yeung Kwo (; 1914 – 25 August 1956) was a member of the Malayan Communist Party. A Malayan of Chinese descent, he was appointed to the Central Executive Committee of the Malayan Communist Party (MCP) in 1946. He was an opponent of Lai Teck, the party's secretary general until 1947.

neg: Koo Kwang-ming Koo Kwang-ming (; born on 15 October 1926) is a Taiwanese politician, businessman and independence activist.

neg: Ho Kai-ming (FTU) Jonathan Ho Kai-ming (; born 6 January 1985) is a Hong Kong politician. He is member of the Hong Kong Federation of Trade Unions (HKFTU) and member of the Kwun Tong District Council. In the 2016 Hong Kong Legislative Council election, he is elected to the Legislative Council of Hong Kong through Labour functional constituency.

neg: Ivor Brown Ivor John Carnegie Brown (25 April 1891 – 22 April 1974) was a British journalist and man of letters.

neg: Haruomi Hosono Haruomi Hosono (細野 晴臣 , Hosono Haruomi , born July 9, 1947) , sometimes credited as Harry Hosono, is a Japanese musician, singer, songwriter and record producer. He is best known internationally as a member of the rock band Happy End and the electronic music band Yellow Magic Orchestra with Yukihiro Takahashi and Ryuichi Sakamoto.

neg: Stephen Brown (colliery proprietor) Stephen Brown (1869 – 19 November 1958) was an Australian company director, colliery proprietor and shipowner. From 1931 he was the senior partner of J & A Brown.

neg: Ko Young-hoon Ko Young-Hoon (born 1952) is a South Korean painter.

neg: Yoon Jong-hoon Yoon Jong-hoon (born February 15, 1984) is a South Korean actor.

neg: Ian Gouw Ian Iskandar Gouw () (born 9 April 1997) is an award-winning actor, model, and musician from Hong Kong.

neg: Anthony Yeo Anthony Yeo was a Singaporean counsellor, hailed as Singapore's "father of counselling" for his pioneering role in the profession's development in Singapore.

neg: Ho Hau-cheung Ho Hau-cheung, BBS, MH () (born 1952) is the current Chairman of the Sha Tin District Council since 2012. He is the District Councillor for the Lower Shing Mun constituency and convenor of the Civil Force which has formed an alliance with the New People's Party since 2014.

neg: Lee Hong-koo Lee Hong-Koo (born May 9, 1934; Hangul: 이홍구; Hanja: 李洪九) is a former Korean academic, politician, and think tank leader who served as a former Prime Minister of the Republic of Korea, former South Korean Ambassador to the United Kingdom and United States, and founding Chairman of the East Asia Institute in Seoul.