query: When was the fort commanded by George Armistead during the Battle of Baltimore first built?

pos: George Armistead George Armistead (April 10, 1780 – April 25, 1818) was an American military officer who served as the commander of Fort McHenry during the Battle of Baltimore in the War of 1812.

pos: Fort McHenry Fort McHenry, in Baltimore, Maryland, is a historical American coastal pentagonal bastion fort best known for its role in the War of 1812, when it successfully defended Baltimore Harbor from an attack by the British navy from the Chesapeake Bay September 13–14, 1814. It was first built in 1798 and was used continuously by U.S. armed forces through World War I and by the Coast Guard in World War II. It was designated a national park in 1925, and in 1939 was redesignated a "National Monument and Historic Shrine".

neg: Fort Johnston (Leesburg, Virginia) Fort Johnston, also known as Fort Geary, is a Civil War era earthen fort atop a 670 ft peak of Catoctin Mountain just west of Leesburg, Virginia. Constructed in the winter of 1861-62 following the Battle of Balls Bluff, it is one of three forts constructed to defend the town from the threat of possible invasion. The fort was built in the design of a four point star with arm of each point measuring roughly 110 ft in length. The fort was only sporadically occupied by Confederates, as the main threat of invasion came from the east across the Potomac. In 1862, when Loudoun County was invaded by the Union army, the fort was abandoned and later occupied by the Federals who rechristened it Fort Geary in honor of their commander. Throughout the war, Leesburg was rarely held in force by either side of the conflict and the fort saw little use. Today, parts of the earthworks of the fort still exist, and are located on private property on Fort Johnston Road.

neg: Fort Amsterdam Fort Amsterdam (subsequently named Fort James, Fort Willem Hendrick, Fort James (again), Fort William Henry, Fort Anne and Fort George) was a fort on the southern tip of Manhattan that was the administrative headquarters for the Dutch and then English/British rule of New York from 1625 or 1626 until being torn down in 1790 after the American Revolution.

neg: Siege of Fort Harrison The Siege of Fort Harrison was an engagement that lasted from September 4 to 15, 1812. The first American land victory during the War of 1812, it was won by an outnumbered United States force garrisoned inside the fort against a combined Native American force near modern Terre Haute, Indiana.

neg: Old Fort Erie Fort Erie was the first British fort to be constructed as part of a network developed after the Seven Years' War (often referred to as the French and Indian War in the United States) was concluded by the Treaty of Paris (1763) at which time all of New France had been ceded to Great Britain. It is located on the southern edge of the Town of Fort Erie, Ontario, directly across the Niagara River from Buffalo, New York.

neg: Floating Battery of Charleston Harbor The Floating Battery of Charleston Harbor was an ironclad vessel that was constructed by the Confederacy in early 1861, a few months before the American Civil War ignited. Apart from being a marvel to contemporary Charlestonians, it was a strategic naval artillery platform that took part in the bombardment of Fort Sumter on April 12 and April 13, 1861, making it the first floating battery to engage in hostilities during the Civil War.

neg: Fort Evans Fort Evans is a Civil War-era rectangular earthen fort located in Leesburg, Virginia. It was the first of three forts constructed in 1861 to protect Leesburg from possible invasion after Virginia seceded from the Union.

neg: Bowman's Castle Bowman's Castle, also known as Nemacolin Castle, was built in present-day Brownsville, Pennsylvania, at the western terminus of the Nemacolin's Trail on the east bank of the Monongahela river. It was built around the original trading post, which was built near the site of Fort Burd, the latter built by British colonists during the French and Indian War. Construction on the castle, including addition of a crenellated tower, continued through the Victorian era, when it was considered an engineering marvel.

neg: Fort Defiance, Tennessee Fort Defiance (formerly also known as Fort Sevier and Fort Bruce) was a fort built during the American Civil War at Clarksville, Tennessee, on the Cumberland River. It changed hands several times during the war, and is now preserved by the city administration.

neg: Washington Monument (Baltimore) The Washington Monument is the centerpiece of intersecting Mount Vernon Place and Washington Place, an urban square in the Mount Vernon-Belvedere neighborhood north of downtown Baltimore, Maryland. It was the first major monument begun to honor George Washington (1732-1799).

neg: Fort Severn Fort Severn, in present-day Annapolis, Maryland, was built in 1808 on the same site as an earlier American Revolutionary War fort of 1776. Although intended to guard Annapolis harbor from British attack, it never saw action during the War of 1812. The United States Navy acquired Fort Severn and two other military bases from the United States Army on 19 October 1845. The Academy used the structure for classrooms until its demolition in 1909.

neg: Charles Fort (Ireland) Charles Fort (Irish: "Dún Chathail" ) is a star fort located on the water's edge, at the southern end of the village of Summer Cove, on Kinsale harbour, County Cork, Ireland. First completed in 1682, Charles Fort was sometimes historically referred to as the "new fort" - to contrast with James' Fort (the "old fort") which had been built on the other side of Kinsale harbour before 1607. The fort is now operated as a heritage tourism site by the Heritage Ireland arm of the Office of Public Works.

neg: Fort Boreman Fort Boreman is a historic archaeological site encompassing a Civil War fortification located near Parkersburg, Wood County, West Virginia. It was built in 1863, by Company A of the 11th West Virginia Volunteer Infantry Regiment. It is a series of paired, approximately four foot deep trenches encircling the top of the hill in a zigzag pattern. It was originally built to ensure that the Baltimore and Ohio Railroad link between Wheeling and Parkersburg was not severed or commandeered by the Confederate army.

neg: Fort Ligonier Fort Ligonier is a British fortification from the French and Indian War located in Ligonier, Pennsylvania, United States. The fort served as a staging area for the Forbes Expedition of 1758. During the eight years of its existence as a garrison, Fort Ligonier was never taken by an enemy. It served as a post of passage to the new Fort Pitt, and during Pontiac's War of 1763, was a vital link in the British communication and supply lines. It was attacked twice and besieged by the Native Americans, prior to the decisive victory at Bushy Run in August of that year. The fort was decommissioned from active service in 1766. Today, there is a museum next to the reconstructed fort. Inside the museum there are artifacts from the battle. An individual can take a guided tour of the fort, and on Fort Ligonier Days, the fort's cannons are fired.

neg: Fort Independence (Massachusetts) Fort Independence is a granite bastion fort that provided harbor defenses for Boston, Massachusetts. Located on Castle Island, Fort Independence is one of the oldest continuously fortified sites of English origin in the United States. The first primitive fortification, called "The Castle", was placed on the site in 1634 and, after two re-buildings, replaced circa 1692 with a more substantial structure known as Castle William. Re-built after it was abandoned by the British during the American Revolution, Castle William was renamed Fort Adams and then Fort Independence. The existing granite fort was constructed between 1833 and 1851. Today it is preserved as a state park and fires occasional ceremonial salutes. Fort Independence was added to the National Register of Historic Places in 1970.

neg: Fort George, Highland Fort George (Gaelic: Dùn Deòrsa or An Gearastan , the latter meaning literally "the garrison"), is a large 18th-century fortress near Ardersier, to the north-east of Inverness in the Highland council area of Scotland. It was built to pacify the Scottish Highlands in the aftermath of the Jacobite rising of 1745, replacing a "Fort George" in Inverness constructed after the 1715 Jacobite rising to control the area. The current fortress has never been attacked and has remained in continuous use as a garrison.

neg: Historic Ships in Baltimore Historic Ships in Baltimore, created as a result of the merger of the USS Constellation Museum and the Baltimore Maritime Museum, is a maritime museum located in the Inner Harbor of Baltimore, Maryland in the United States.

neg: John Stricker Brigadier General John Stricker (1758–1825) was a Maryland state militia officer who fought in both the American Revolutionary War in the First Maryland Regiment of the famous "Maryland Line" of the Continental Army and in the War of 1812. He commanded the Third Brigade (also known as the "City Brigade" or the "Baltimore Brigade") of the Maryland state militia in the Battle of North Point on Monday, September 12th, 1814, (later known as "Defenders' Day, a state, county and city holiday) which formed a part of the larger Battle of Baltimore, along with the subsequent British naval bombardment of Fort McHenry on September 13-14th, and was a turning point in the later months of the War of 1812 and to the peace negotiators across the Atlantic Ocean for the Treaty of Ghent, in the city of Ghent then in the Austrian Netherlands, (now of future Belgium), which finally arrived at a peace treaty on Christmas Eve of December 1814, of which news finally reached America in February 1815.

neg: History of Cumberland, Maryland Cumberland, Maryland is named after the son of King George II, Prince William, the Duke of Cumberland. It is built on the site of the old Fort Cumberland, a launch pad for British General Edward Braddock's ill-fated attack on the stronghold of Fort Duquesne (located on the site of present-day Pittsburgh) during the French and Indian War. ("See" Braddock expedition.)

neg: Fort St. Andrews Fort St. Andrews was a British colonial coastal fortification built on Cumberland Island, Georgia, in 1736. The fort was built by the British as part of a buffer against Spanish Florida and the colonies to the north. The fort was abandoned and later destroyed by the Spanish in mid-1742.

neg: Battle of the Severn The Battle of the Severn was a skirmish fought on March 25, 1655, on the Severn River at Horn Point, across Spa Creek from Annapolis, Maryland, in what at that time was referred to as the Puritan settlement of "Providence", and what is now the neighborhood of Eastport. The capital of Maryland was moved from St. Mary's, to Ann Arundel Town in 1694, and Ann Arundel Town name was changed to Annapolis in 1695. It was an extension of the conflicts that formed the English Civil War, pitting the forces of Puritan settlers against forces aligned with Lord Baltimore, then Lord Proprietor of the colony of Maryland. It has been suggested by Radmila May that this was the "last battle of the English Civil War."


query: What is the name of the high school that an American drummer, who studied under the drummer of the metal band Dream Theater, attended?

pos: Tyler LeVander Tyler LeVander (also known as Baasick) is an American session drummer, film composer and producer. LeVander attended Wilton High School in Wilton, Connecticut, and is a scholarship recipient and alumnus of Berklee College of Music in Boston, Massachusetts. There, he studied under Rod Morgenstein, Casey Scheuerell, Mike Mangini and Kenwood Dennard.

pos: Mike Mangini Michael "Mike" Mangini (born April 18, 1963) is an American drummer. Since 2010, he has been a member of progressive metal band Dream Theater, following the departure of founding drummer Mike Portnoy. He has also played for bands and artists such as Annihilator, Extreme, James LaBrie, and Steve Vai. Before joining Dream Theater, Mangini was a faculty member at Berklee College of Music. Between 2002 and 2005, he set five World's Fastest Drummer records. Mangini appeared on the Discovery Channel show "Time Warp", displaying his drum skills for high speed cameras.

neg: Las Plumas High School Las Plumas High School (LP) is located in the north valley in Oroville, California, United States, about 70 miles north of Sacramento. The school was established in the autumn of 1961. The class of 1965 was the first class to go from freshmen to seniors at the school. Its main sports rival is Oroville High School. The school song used to be AC/DC's "Thunderstruck", but was later changed to the "Thunderbird Fight Song".

neg: Southeast Raleigh Magnet High School The Southeast Raleigh Magnet High School: Center For Leadership & Technology is a magnet high school in Raleigh, North Carolina, United States. It opened in 1997 as a magnet school with a focus on math, science, and technology. The school focuses on said topics, but also places a strong emphasis on leadership.

neg: Millennium High School (New York City) Millennium High School is a selective public high school for grades 9 through 12 in Manhattan. It is operated by the New York City Department of Education in Region 9 and is ranked 77th within New York State and 688th nationwide by the U.S. News. The Phoenix is the school's mascot, meant to symbolize the school rising from the ashes of the World Trade Center following the September 11 attacks. In 2015, the school received more than 4,000 applications for 160 seats. Admission to MHS is based on selective criteria including a middle school GPA of 90 or above, attendance, State test scores in reading and math, and an optional essay.

neg: Brian Fair Brian Fair (born May 30, 1975) is an American musician from Massachusetts, best known as lead vocalist of the heavy metal band Shadows Fall. He graduated from Milford High School in 1993 and went on to study literature at Boston University.

neg: Tony Peck Tony Peck (born September 5, 1983 in Louisiana, Missouri) is the drummer for Peoria, Illinois based band, The Forecast. He was raised in Pleasant Hill, Illinois and is a 2002 graduate of Pleasant Hill High School where he was active in the school's music programs and was a 2002 recipient of the Arion Award. After graduating from high school he began touring and recording with several bands, including The Junior Varsity, for two years before being asked to join The Forecast in July 2004. Tony currently resides in Quincy, Illinois.

neg: Fates Warning Fates Warning is an American progressive metal band, formed in 1982 by vocalist John Arch, guitarists Jim Matheos and Victor Arduini, bassist Joe DiBiase, and drummer Steve Zimmerman in Hartford, Connecticut. Their early work was heavily influenced by new wave of British heavy metal, and was key in the development of American power metal. With each work, the band developed into a pure progressive metal style. Fates Warning has experienced numerous line-up changes. From 1982 to 1996 — and temporarily in 2010 — Matheos and DiBiase were the only remaining original members of the band, with Matheos being the only constant member. Their current lineup consists of guitarist Jim Matheos, vocalist Ray Alder, bassist Joey Vera, and drummer Bobby Jarzombek. As a pioneer of the American progressive metal movement, Fates Warning rose to international fame in the 1980s and was ranked as one of the early "flagship bands of progressive metal" along with Queensrÿche, Dream Theater, Crimson Glory and Watchtower, who were responsible for creating, developing and popularizing that genre.

neg: List of songs recorded by Dream Theater This is a complete list of songs by American progressive metal band Dream Theater. Dream Theater was formed in 1985 by guitarist John Petrucci, bassist John Myung, and drummer Mike Portnoy. The band's current line-up consists of Petrucci, Myung, keyboardist Jordan Rudess, vocalist James LaBrie, and drummer Mike Mangini. As of 2016, Dream Theater has released thirteen studio albums.

neg: High Tech Los Angeles High Tech Los Angeles, or HTLA is an American charter high school located in Lake Balboa, CA, in the San Fernando Valley. It is located on the site of Birmingham High School, along with Daniel Pearl High School, but it has its own separate buildings.

neg: King's High School King's High School is a private, non-denominational Christian school, located in Shoreline, Washington, just north of Seattle. It enrolls approximately 470 students in 9th through 12th grade. King's High School also has elementary and middle schools on the same campus.

neg: Shalhevet High School Jean and Jerry Friedman Shalhevet High School is a co-educational, college-preparatory, Modern Orthodox Jewish high school in Los Angeles, California. Boys and girls follow the same Judaic curriculum, including Talmud, in mixed classes, which is unusual for Orthodox Jewish high schools, and a full program of visual arts, music, drama, and athletics is offered in addition to the dual curriculum of secular and Judaic studies. Co-founded in 1992 by Jean and Jerry Friedman, Ed. D., and Steve Bailey, Ph.D., the school's founding headmaster, Shalhevet developed a modified version of the Kohlberg-Gilligan "Just Community" template.

neg: Heights High School Heights High School, formerly John H. Reagan High School, is a senior high school located in the Houston Heights in Houston, Texas. It serves students in grades nine through twelve and is a part of the Houston Independent School District. Heights High School is HISD's Magnet School of Computer Technology and offers the International Baccalaureate Programme (IB) Middle Years Program (till 10th grade) and twenty Advanced Placement (AP) courses. Students belong either to the Computer Magnet Academy, or to the Health Science Academy, Business Academy, Engineering and Design Academy and Transportation Academy. They receive specialized hands-on training to prepare them for a career in those fields.

neg: Meat Puppets Meat Puppets is an American rock band formed in January 1980 in Phoenix, Arizona. The group's original lineup was Curt Kirkwood (guitar/vocals), his brother Cris Kirkwood (bass guitar), and Derrick Bostrom (drums). The Kirkwood brothers met Bostrom while attending Brophy Prep High School in Phoenix. The three then moved to Tempe, Arizona (a Phoenix suburb and home to Arizona State University), where the Kirkwood brothers purchased two adjacent homes, one of which had a shed in the back where they regularly practiced.

neg: Rob Affuso Rob Affuso (born Robert James Affuso, March 1, 1963, Newburgh, New York) is an American heavy metal drummer, best known as the drummer of the band Skid Row from 1987 to 1998.

neg: Derrick Bostrom Derrick Edwin Bostrom (born June 23, 1960) is an American musician. He was the original drummer of the band Meat Puppets.

neg: John A. Rowland High School John A. Rowland High School is a public, four-year high school and International Baccalaureate (IB) World School in the city of Rowland Heights, California, United States. It is one of the two high schools in the Rowland Unified School District. It is located directly across from one of the district's elementary schools, Killian Elementary School.

neg: Angel Bartolotta Andrew "Angel" Bartolotta (born November 26, 1981) is an American drummer. He is best known as the drummer for American alternative metal band Dope and for industrial metal band Genitorturers. He is also the founder of the large collaborative music project Team Cybergeist. In 2015, Angel released 2 instructional books, ""So You Want To Be A Drummer"" and ""Jurassic Drumming"".

neg: Tommy Stewart Tommy Stewart (born May 26, 1966) is an American drummer, currently for the rock band Lo-Pro. He is probably best known for his stint with the band Godsmack. He has also toured and recorded with a number of other bands including Detroit based metal band Halloween "The Heavy Metal Horror Show", glam rock band Lillian Axe, and alternative rock bands Fuel and Everclear.

neg: David Larsen David Larsen (born April 23, 1980) is an American stage actor from Portland, Oregon. A 1998 graduate of Hillsboro High School, Larsen starred in many of its productions, including the title role in "Joseph and the Amazing Technicolor Dreamcoat".

neg: High on Fire High on Fire is an American heavy metal band from Oakland, California, that was formed in 1998. Matt Pike, the band's frontman and founder, also plays guitar for the influential stoner metal band Sleep.

neg: Newark Tech High School Newark Tech High School is a regional public high school located in Newark, that offers occupational and academic instruction for students in Essex County, New Jersey, United States, serving students in ninth through twelfth grades as part of the Essex County Vocational Technical Schools.


query: How many times has Maciej Sulęcki's adviser won Boxing Writers of America Manager of the Year Award?

pos: Maciej Sulęcki Maciej Sulecki (born 2 May 1989) is an unbeaten professional boxer in the middleweight division. Sulecki is the current Polish middleweight champion and ranked #10 in the middleweight division by the WBO. Sulecki is signed with American adviser Al Haymon.

pos: Al Haymon is an American boxing adviser/manager. He is the adviser to Floyd Mayweather, Jr. and has twice won the Boxing Writers of America Manager of the Year Award.

neg: Rob Garcia Rob Garcia is a professional boxing and conditioning coach, based out of San Diego, California.

neg: Brian Cohen (boxer) Brian Cohen (born 20 March 1976, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, United States) is a retired professional boxer and a current boxing manager.

neg: Miguel Cotto Miguel Ángel Cotto Vázquez (born October 29, 1980) is a Puerto Rican professional boxer. He has held the WBO light middleweight title since August 2017, and has held six world championships, being the first boxer from Puerto Rico to win world titles in four weight classes. As of September 2017, Cotto is ranked as the world's second best best active light middleweight by BoxRec, third by "The Ring" magazine, and seventh by the Transnational Boxing Rankings Board. In 2007 and 2009 he reached a peak pound for pound ranking of seventh by "The Ring".

neg: Mick Hennessy Mick Hennessy is an English boxing manager and promoter. He is the founder and CEO of Hennessy Sports.

neg: International Boxing Federation The International Boxing Federation (IBF) is one of four major organizations recognized by the International Boxing Hall of Fame (IBHOF) which sanction world championship boxing bouts, alongside the World Boxing Association (WBA), World Boxing Council (WBC) and World Boxing Organization (WBO).

neg: 2010 in Shark Fights The year 2010 is the 3rd year in the history of Shark Fights, a mixed martial arts promotion based in the United States. In 2010 Shark Fights held 6 events beginning with, "Shark Fights 8: Super Brawl".

neg: SFWA Manager of the Year The Scottish Football Writers' Association Manager of the Year (often called the SFWA Manager of the Year, or simply the Scottish Manager of the Year) award is given to the manager in Scottish football who is seen to have been the best manager of the previous season. The award is voted for by the members of the Scottish Football Writers' Association.

neg: Mark Nelson (boxing referee) Mark Nelson is a boxing referee from Maplewood, Minnesota. Nelson is sanctioned by the WBO, WBA, and IBF, and has been appointed to officiate over 80 world title fights.

neg: Boxing Union of Ireland The Boxing Union of Ireland (BUI) is the governing and sanctioning body for professional boxing in Ireland.

neg: Malta Boxing Commission The Malta Boxing Commission is an officially recognised professional boxing sanctioning organisation in Malta. Founded in 2011 by Alex Zammit and Gianluca DiCaro, the Malta Boxing Commission was inducted into the European Boxing Union at the 2011 AGM in Dublin, Ireland, but later had its membership revoked. In December 2012, former two-time, two-division champion of the world Steve Collins became the new President of the Malta Boxing Commission. In June 2014, Malta Boxing Commission was inducted by the Association of Boxing Commissions

neg: Taylor Barry Taylor Barry (born 28 February 1995, Auckland, New Zealand) is a New Zealand boxing coach based in Las Vegas. Barry is the son of Olympic silver medalist and New Zealand boxing legend; trainer and manager Kevin Barry. Following in his father’s footsteps Barry has moved into the realm of professional boxing working alongside his father in the training and development of several world rated fighters including WBO world champion Joseph Parker. Barry assisted his father with training Parker for his World Title fight in December 2016.

neg: Freddie Roach (boxing) Frederick Steven "Freddie" Roach (born March 5, 1960) is an American boxing trainer and former professional boxer. Roach is widely regarded as one of the best boxing trainers of all time. He is the enduring boxing coach of the eight-division world champion Manny Pacquiao, five-time and four-division World Champion Miguel Cotto, former WBC Middleweight Champion Julio César Chávez, Jr., defensive master and three-time world champion James Toney, former UFC Welterweight Champion Georges St-Pierre, as well as top prospects Jose Benavidez, Peter Quillin, and Vanes Martirosyan. Roach was the trainer of former two-time world champion and notable women's champion Lucia Rijker. He has also trained former junior welterweight champion Amir Khan.

neg: Suey Welch Stephen H. "Suey" Welch (Born 1898 or 1899-January 16, 1974) was an Akron, Ohio-based manager who handled boxers from the 1920s through the 1970s. He specialized in bringing fighters from Ohio to Southern California, where many of them went on to become main event fighters. Most notably, he managed Middleweight Champion Gorilla Jones. One of the last fighters he brought to Southern California in the 1970s was Gil King of Akron. He puportedly got his name of Suey, while catching rides on a Chinese laundryman's truck as a kid.

neg: Abner Mares Abner Mares Martínez (born November 28, 1985) is a Mexican-American professional boxer who has held the WBA (Regular) featherweight title since 2016. He is a four-time world champion in three weight classes, having previously held the IBF bantamweight title from 2011 to 2012; the WBC super bantamweight title from 2012 to 2013; and the WBC featherweight title in 2013. Additionally he held the IBO bantamweight title from 2010 to 2011. As an amateur, Mares won numerous medals at international tournaments while representing Mexico. He grew up in the city of Hawaiian Gardens, California and holds dual citizenship with the United States and Mexico.

neg: Larry Zbyszko Lawrence Whistler (born December 5, 1951), better known by the ring name Larry Zbyszko, is an American semi-retired professional wrestler and author perhaps best known for his feud with his mentor, Bruno Sammartino, during the early 1980s. Among other accolades, he is a two-time AWA World Heavyweight Champion, and the final titleholder.

neg: Ann Wolfe Ann Wolfe (born January 17, 1971) is an American boxer who held world titles in three different weight classes simultaneously. Wolfe is regarded by many within the sport as the hardest puncher and best fighter in the history of boxing. She's also a personal trainer and coach of several professional boxers, including former light middleweight contender James Kirkland. She appears in the 2017 film "Wonder Woman" in the supporting role of the Amazon Artemis.

neg: Buck Smith Buck Smith (born July 22, 1965) is an American professional boxer in the cruiserweight division. Although Smith has never been considered more than a journeyman fighter, he is one of boxing's all-time knockout kings with 120 KO's.

neg: Muhammad Rachman Mohammad Rachman Sawaluddin bin Suhaimat (born 23 December 1971) is an Indonesian professional boxer. An over twenty-year veteran of the sport, he is a two-time minimumweight world champion, having held the IBF title from 2004 to 2007 and the WBA title in 2011.

neg: Nick Durandt Nick Durandt (December 26, 1963 – April 21, 2017) was a South African boxing trainer and manager.

neg: Micky Ward George Michael "Micky" Ward Jr. (born October 4, 1965), often known by his nickname of "Irish" Micky Ward, is an American former professional boxer who competed from 1985 to 2003. He challenged once for the IBF light welterweight title in 1997, and held the WBU light welterweight title in 2000. Ward is widely known for his trilogy of fights with Arturo Gatti (two of which received Fight of the Year awards by "The Ring" magazine), as well as his relentless pressure fighting style. In the 2010 film "The Fighter", based on his early career, Ward was portrayed by Mark Wahlberg.


query: What English actor, born May 19, 1939, starred in the 2012 film Cleanskin which was directed by Hadi Hajaig?

pos: Cleanskin (film) Cleanskin is a 2012 British spy thriller film written and directed by Hadi Hajaig and starring Sean Bean, Abhin Galeya, Charlotte Rampling, James Fox, Tuppence Middleton, Shivani Ghai and Michelle Ryan. The story is set in London. The film's title, "cleanskin", is a term for an undercover operative unknown to his or her targets, or, as more commonly used in the United Kingdom following the London bombings, an extremist with no previous convictions, so therefore unknown to national security's services.

pos: James Fox William Fox (born 19 May 1939), known professionally as James Fox, is an English actor.

neg: Hugh Walters (actor) Hugh Thornton Walters (2 March 1939 – 13 February 2015) was a British actor.

neg: Aqib Khan Aqib Khan (Urdu: عاقب خان ; born 24 August 1994) is an English actor of Pakistani descent.

neg: Mehmet Ferda Mem Ferda (born 30 October 1963 in London) is a British actor of Turkish Cypriot descent.

neg: Paul McDowell (actor) Paul William McDowell (15 August 1931 – 2 May 2016) was an English actor and writer who appeared in numerous television productions over a 40-year period.

neg: Mike Yarwood Michael Edward "Mike" Yarwood, OBE (born 14 June 1941) is an English actor, comedian and impressionist. He was one of Britain's top-rated entertainers, regularly appearing on television from the 1960s to the 1980s.

neg: Ian Hogg (actor) Ian Hogg (born 1 August 1937) is an English actor.

neg: Malcolm McDowell Malcolm McDowell (born Malcolm John Taylor; 13 June 1943) is an English actor, known for his boisterous and sometimes villainous roles. He trained as an actor at the London Academy of Music and Dramatic Art.

neg: P. H. Moriarty Patrick H. "P.H." Moriarty, 27 February 1939, Deptford, London) is an English actor.

neg: Christopher Wray (actor) Christopher John David Wray (8 March 1940 - 12 September 2014) was an English actor and businessman.

neg: Henry Ainley Henry Hinchliffe Ainley (21 August 1879 – 31 October 1945) was an English Shakespearean stage and screen actor.

neg: Gary Webster Gary Webster (born 3 February 1964 in Whitechapel, east London, England) is an English actor.

neg: Billy Burden William George Burden (Wimborne Minster, Dorset, 15 June 1914 – 3 June 1994) was an English actor known as Billy Burden.

neg: Alan Halsall Alan David Halsall (born 11 August 1982) is an English actor known for playing Tyrone Dobbs in "Coronation Street", a role which he has played since 1998.

neg: Matthias Habich Matthias Habich (born 12 January 1940) is a German actor.

neg: Royce Mills Royce Mills (born 12 May 1942 in Tetbury, Gloucestershire) is an English television, stage and film actor.

neg: Clifford Earl Clifford Earl (29 August 1933 – 30 July 2015) was an English actor who has appeared in numerous television programmes and films.

neg: Oliver Tobias Oliver Tobias Freitag (born 6 August 1947), known professionally as Oliver Tobias, is a Swiss-born UK-based film, stage, and television actor and director.

neg: Jude Wright Jude Wright (born 14 November 1999) is an English actor.

neg: Patrick Ryecart Patrick Ryecart (born 9 May 1952) is an English actor.

neg: Jack Shepherd (actor) Jack Shepherd (born 29 October 1940) is an English actor, playwright, theatre director, saxophone player and jazz pianist, who made his film debut in 1969 with "All Neat in Black Stockings" and "The Virgin Soldiers". He is perhaps best known for his television roles, most notably the title role in Trevor Griffiths' series about a young Labour MP "Bill Brand" and later the detective drama "Wycliffe".


query: Which actor starred in the film "Carrie" as well as in "Divergent"?

pos: Divergent (film) Divergent is a 2014 American dystopian science fiction action film directed by Neil Burger, based on the novel of the same name by Veronica Roth. The film is the first installment in "The Divergent Series" and was produced by Lucy Fisher, Pouya Shabazian, and Douglas Wick, with a screenplay by Evan Daugherty and Vanessa Taylor. It stars Shailene Woodley, Theo James, Ashley Judd, Jai Courtney, Ray Stevenson, Zoë Kravitz, Miles Teller, Tony Goldwyn, Ansel Elgort, Maggie Q and Kate Winslet. The story takes place in a dystopian and post-apocalyptic Chicago where people are divided into distinct factions based on human virtues. Beatrice Prior is warned that she is Divergent and thus will never fit into any one of the factions. She soon learns that a sinister plot is brewing in the seemingly perfect society.

pos: Ansel Elgort Ansel Elgort (born March 14, 1994) is an American actor, singer and a DJ (under the name Ansølo). As a film actor, he played Tommy Ross in the horror film "Carrie" (2013), Caleb Prior in "The Divergent Series " franchise, Augustus Waters in the romantic teen drama "The Fault in Our Stars" (2014), and the title character in Edgar Wright's action thriller "Baby Driver" (2017).

neg: Malcolm Danare Malcolm Danare (born November 7, 1962) is an American actor and voice actor, known for his role of Caesar in the 1985 film "Heaven Help Us" and Dr. Mendel Craven in the 1998 film "Godzilla" and its . He is also known for voicing Kipling in "Monster High" and voicing Tiny of "Ever After High".

neg: Matthew McConaughey filmography Matthew McConaughey is an American actor who made his breakthrough by starring in the Richard Linklater-directed coming of age comedy "Dazed and Confused" in 1993. His first lead role was in the 1996 film adaptation of the John Grisham novel "A Time to Kill". The following year, McConaughey played the lawyer Roger Sherman Baldwin opposite Morgan Freeman and Anthony Hopkins in the Steven Spielberg-directed historical drama "Amistad", and also starred opposite Jodie Foster in the Robert Zemeckis-directed science fiction drama "Contact". In 1998, he appeared in the Linklater-directed comedy-drama "The Newton Boys". During the 2000s, McConaughey was typecast as a romantic comedy lead in the films "The Wedding Planner" (2001), "How to Lose a Guy in 10 Days" (2003), "Failure to Launch" (2006), and "Ghosts of Girlfriends Past" (2009).

neg: Jason London Jason Paul London (born November 7, 1972) is an American actor, best known for his role as Randall "Pink" Floyd in director Richard Linklater's film "Dazed and Confused" (1993).

neg: Carrie (band) Carrie was a British-based rock music band, featuring the former Levitation and Some Have Fins singer/guitarist Steve Ludwin, ex-EMF bass player Zac Foley, guitarist Dennis Dicker and Australian drummer, Bruce Pawsey. Their sound was characterised by a juxtaposition of glossy production and multi-layered harmonies with often dark lyrical material. The band's name derived from the Star Wars actress, Carrie Fisher.

neg: Brett Dalton Brett Patrick Dalton (born January 7, 1983 ) is an American actor. He is best known for playing Grant Ward and Hive in ABC's series "Agents of S.H.I.E.L.D."

neg: Bradley Cooper Bradley Charles Cooper (born January 5, 1975) is an American actor. He was one of the world's highest-paid actors for three years, and has been nominated for various accolades, including four Academy Awards, two BAFTA Awards and two Golden Globe Awards. Cooper appeared in "Forbes" Celebrity 100 on two occasions and "Time"'s list of 100 most influential people in the world in 2015.

neg: Eddie Jemison Edward Francis "Eddie" Jemison, Jr. (born 1963) is an American film and television actor. He is known for his roles in the "Ocean's Eleven" trilogy and the television series "Hung" and IZombie.

neg: Michael Delano Michael DeLano (born 1940) is an American actor who portrayed Walsh, Terry Benedict's casino manager in the movie "Ocean's Eleven" and its sequel "Ocean's Twelve". He also portrayed Dr. Mark Dante in "General Hospital" (1976), Reverend Sung in "Soap" (1979) and he is known for his short role as Forrestal in the 1985 movie "Commando". DeLano also appeared in "Rhoda".

neg: Angela Bettis Angela Marie Bettis (born January 9, 1973) is an American film and stage actress, film producer, and director best known for her lead roles in the 2002 TV adaptation of the Stephen King novel "Carrie", the title character in "May" (2002), and in "Girl, Interrupted" as an anorexic psychiatric patient Janet Webber.

neg: Eric Dane Eric Dane (born Eric T. Melvin, November 9, 1972) is an American actor. After appearing in television roles throughout the 2000s such as "Charmed", he became known for playing Dr. Mark Sloan on the medical drama television series "Grey's Anatomy", as well as films, co-starring in "Marley & Me" (2008), "Valentine's Day" (2010), and "Burlesque" (2010). He stars as Captain Tom Chandler in the apocalyptic drama "The Last Ship."

neg: Insurgent (novel) Insurgent is a 2012 science fiction young adult novel by American novelist Veronica Roth and the second book in the "Divergent" trilogy. As the sequel to the 2011 bestseller "Divergent", it continues the story of Tris Prior and the dystopian post-apocalyptic version of Chicago. Following the events of the previous novel, a war now looms as conflict between the factions and their ideologies grows. While trying to save the people that she loves, Tris faces questions of grief, forgiveness, identity, loyalty, politics, and love.

neg: Disconnect (film) Disconnect is a 2012 American drama film directed by Henry Alex Rubin and stars an ensemble cast, which includes Jason Bateman, Hope Davis, Frank Grillo, Andrea Riseborough, Paula Patton, Michael Nyqvist, Alexander Skarsgård, Max Thieriot and fashion designer Marc Jacobs in his debut acting role. The film explores how people experience the negative sides of modern communication technology by following three interconnecting stories.

neg: Trent Ford Trent Manley Ford (born January 15, 1979) is an American actor and model.

neg: Liam Neeson filmography Liam Neeson is an Irish actor and voice actor, who rose to prominence with his acclaimed starring role in Steven Spielberg's 1993 Oscar winner "Schindler's List". He has since starred in a number of other successful films, including "", "Taken", "Michael Collins", "Les Misérables", "Batman Begins", "Kinsey", "Clash of the Titans", and "The Chronicles of Narnia" series. He has been nominated for a number of awards including an Academy Award for Best Actor, a BAFTA Award for Best Actor in a Leading Role and three Golden Globe Awards for Best Actor in a Motion Picture Drama. "Empire" magazine ranked Neeson among both the "100 Sexiest Stars in Film History" and "The Top 100 Movie Stars of All Time."

neg: Paul Logan (actor) Paul Logan (born October 15, 1973) is an American actor, model, martial artist, stuntman, producer and screenwriter. He is best known for his roles in low budget action films such as Syfy's Mega Piranha. Logan is also known for his portrayal of Glen Reiber on the NBC soap opera, "Days of Our Lives".

neg: Justin Lazard Justin Lazard (born November 30, 1967) is an American actor, producer, director, and model.

neg: Carrie White Carrietta N. "Carrie" White is the title character and protagonist of Stephen King's novel "Carrie" who is the older half-sister of Rachel Lang.

neg: Robert Wahlberg Robert G. Wahlberg (born December 18, 1967) is an American actor who has appeared in films, such as "Southie", "Mystic River" and "The Departed".

neg: Paul Warren (actor) Paul Warren (born October 28, 1974) is a British actor known for roles in the science fiction, fantasy, and horror genres, often wearing heavy prosthetic makeup and/or creature suits. He is most known for playing 'Varmik' one of the Hassk triplets in , but has also appeared in such films as Guardians of the Galaxy, , World War Z and Clash of the Titans.

neg: Brendan Dooling Brendan Dooling (born January 27, 1990) is an American actor. He is known for his portrayal of Walt Reynolds on The CW's teen drama series "The Carrie Diaries".


query: In what year was the transgender actress who purchased Mexico y Barra Restaurant with Ryan Allen Carrillo born?

pos: Ryan Allen Carrillo Ryan Allen Carrillo (born March 10, 1975) is an American television personality, trans activist, and reality show contestant. Carrillo made his first televised personality appearance as part of Team Fab 3 on ABC's "Expedition Impossible" in 2011. Although Carrillo had been a professional roller skater traveling on tour with Madonna and appearing in numerous movies as a professional skater. Carrillo is also an on-air personality for AfterBuzzTV. In 2011 Carrillo appeared on Season 4 of "Million Dollar Listing Los Angeles" when he purchased Mexico y Barra Restaurant in West Hollywood with transgender actress Candis Cayne.

pos: Candis Cayne Candis Cayne (born August 29, 1971) is an American actress and performance artist.

neg: Anette Michel Anette Michel Carrillo (] ; born June 30, 1971 in Guadalajara, Jalisco) is a Mexican actress and model.

neg: Chita Rivera Chita Rivera (born January 23, 1933) is an American actress, dancer, and singer best known for her roles in musical theatre. She is the first Hispanic woman and the first Latino American to receive a Kennedy Center Honors award (December 2002). She was awarded the Presidential Medal of Freedom in 2009.

neg: Penélope Menchaca Penélope Menchaca (born September 6, 1968) is a Los Angeles based Mexican television host, singer, and actress.

neg: Kim Allen (actress) Kim Allen (born February 22, 1982) is an American actress of half Greek descent.

neg: Katie Morgan Katie Morgan (born as Sarah Carradine on March 17, 1980) is an American pornographic actress, film actress, former radio talk-show host, and feature dancer.

neg: Florencia del Saracho Florencia de Saracho (] ; Hermosillo, Sonora, December 4, 1981) is a Mexican actress.

neg: Sheyla Tadeo Sheyla Tadeo (born Sheyla Osiris Tadeo Bringas on April 3, 1973, Culiacán, Sinaloa) is a Mexican actress, comedian and singer, best known for her appearances on Televisa's various television series.

neg: Michelle Vargas Michele Vargas (born March 2, 1985) is a Dominican American model and telenovela actress.

neg: BB Gandanghari BB Gandanghari (English: "Ms. Beautiful King", born Rustom Cariño Padilla on September 4, 1967) is a Filipino transgender actor, model, entertainer, comedian, and director.

neg: Angelica Ross Angelica Ross is an American businesswoman, actress, and transgender rights advocate. She is the founder and CEO of TransTech Social Enterprises, a firm that helps employ transgender people.

neg: Eva Lin Eva Lin (born 4 May 1985 ) is a Filipina transsexual pornographic actress, who debuted in May 2011 at 26 years of age.

neg: Eréndira Ibarra Eréndira Ibarra (born September 25, 1985, Mexico City, Mexico), is a Mexican actress.

neg: Esmeralda Pimentel Esmeralda Pimentel (born as María Esmeralda Pimentel Murguía on September 8, 1989 in Ciudad Guzmán, Jalisco, Mexico)is a Mexican-Dominican actress and model.

neg: Aleida Núñez Aleida Nuñez (] ; born Aleida Araceli Nuñez Flores on January 24, 1981 in Lagos de Moreno, Jalisco, Mexico) is a Mexican actress, singer and model.

neg: Sussan Taunton Sussan Taunton Thomas (born February 13, 1970) is a Mexican actress, she was born in Chile.

neg: Marisol Calero Marisol Calero (born September 13, 1963) is a Puerto Rican actress and singer.

neg: Dolores Heredia Dolores Heredia (born October 6, 1966) is a Mexican actress.

neg: Andrea Martí Andrea Martí (born 31 August 1987 in Mexico City, Mexico) is a Mexican actress.

neg: Aleshia Brevard Aleshia Brevard (December 9, 1937 – July 1, 2017) was an American author and actress of stage, screen, and television. She underwent one of the first sex reassignment surgery procedures performed in the United States. She worked as an entertainer, actress, model, Playboy bunny, professor of theater, and author. Brevard lived her life outside of a wider transgender community and as a result, she was not publicly identified as transgender until publishing her memoirs in her later years.

neg: Isabel Madow Isabel Madow (] ; born October 5, 1973) is a Mexican actress and model, born in Mexico City, Mexico. She is often photographed wearing glasses (which for a model is considered unusual).


query: What cosmological model for the universe took place approximately 13.8 Billion years ago and is generally understood to be nucleosynthesis in stars followed by mass ejection?

pos: Primordial nuclide In geochemistry, geophysics and geonuclear physics, primordial nuclides, also known as primordial isotopes, are nuclides found on Earth that have existed in their current form since before Earth was formed. Primordial nuclides were present in the interstellar medium from which the solar system was formed, and were formed in the Big Bang, by nucleosynthesis in stars and supernovae followed by mass ejection, by cosmic ray spallation, and potentially from other processes. They are the stable nuclides plus the long-lived fraction of radionuclides surviving in the primordial solar nebula through planet accretion until the present. Only 286 such nuclides are known.

pos: Big Bang The Big Bang theory is the prevailing cosmological model for the universe from the earliest known periods through its subsequent large-scale evolution. The model describes how the universe expanded from a very high density and high temperature state, and offers a comprehensive explanation for a broad range of phenomena, including the abundance of light elements, the cosmic microwave background (CMB), large scale structure and Hubble's law. If the known laws of physics are extrapolated to the highest density regime, the result is a singularity which is typically associated with the Big Bang. Physicists are undecided whether this means the universe began from a singularity, or that current knowledge is insufficient to describe the universe at that time. Detailed measurements of the expansion rate of the universe place the Big Bang at around 13.8 billion years ago, which is thus considered the age of the universe. After the initial expansion, the universe cooled sufficiently to allow the formation of subatomic particles, and later simple atoms. Giant clouds of these primordial elements later coalesced through gravity in halos of dark matter, eventually forming the stars and galaxies visible today.

neg: Light dark matter In astronomy and cosmology, light dark matter are dark matter weakly interacting massive particle (WIMP) candidates with masses less than 1 GeV. These particles are heavier than warm dark matter and hot dark matter, but are lighter than the traditional forms of cold dark matter. The Lee-Weinberg bound limits the mass of the favored dark matter candidate, WIMPs, that interact via the weak interaction to formula_1 GeV. This bound arises as follows. The lower the mass of WIMPs is, the lower the annihilation cross section, which is of the order formula_2, where "m" is the WIMP mass and "M" the mass of the Z-boson. This means that low mass WIMPs, which would be abundantly produced in the early universe, freeze out (i.e. stop interacting) much earlier and thus at a higher temperature, than higher mass WIMPs. This leads to a higher relic WIMP density. If the mass is lower than formula_3 GeV the WIMP relic density would overclose the universe.

neg: Lepton epoch In physical cosmology, the lepton epoch was the period in the evolution of the early universe in which the leptons dominated the mass of the universe. It started roughly 1 second after the Big Bang, after the majority of hadrons and anti-hadrons annihilated each other at the end of the hadron epoch. During the lepton epoch the temperature of the universe was still high enough to create lepton/anti-lepton pairs, so leptons and anti-leptons were in thermal equilibrium. Approximately 10 seconds after the Big Bang the temperature of the universe had fallen to the point where lepton/anti-lepton pairs were no longer created. Most leptons and anti-leptons were then eliminated in annihilation reactions, leaving a small residue of leptons. The mass of the universe was then dominated by photons as it entered the following photon epoch.

neg: SMSS J031300.36-670839.3 SMSS J031300.36-670839.3 (shortened as SMSS J0313-6708; informally abbreviated to SM0313) is a star in the Milky Way at a distance of 6,000 light years from Earth. With an age of approximately 13.6 billion years, it is one of the oldest stars known. Another star, HD 140283, is considered to be older, but there is uncertainty in values of its age. This makes SM0313 the oldest known star with an accurate determination of its age. The star formed only about 100 million years after the Big Bang, and has been shining for 13.6 billion years. The star's very low upper limit of iron of less than one ten millionth the iron level of the Sun, suggests that it is one of the first Population II stars, formed from a gas cloud enriched by some of the very first (Population III) stars. SMSS J031300.36-670839.3 also has a much higher carbon supply compared to iron, more than a thousand times greater. Apart from hydrogen, which appeared in the Big Bang, the star also contains carbon, magnesium, and calcium which could have been formed in a low energy supernova. Methylidyne (CH) is also detected by its absorption line. No oxygen or nitrogen have been detected. The star is a K class dwarf.

neg: Lunar geologic timescale The lunar geological timescale (or selenological timescale) divides the history of Earth's Moon into five generally recognized periods: the Copernican, Eratosthenian, Imbrian (Late and Early epochs), Nectarian, and Pre-Nectarian. The boundaries of this time scale are related to large impact events that have modified the lunar surface, changes in crater form that occur through time, and the size-frequency distribution of craters superposed on geological units. The absolute ages for these periods have been constrained by radiometric dating of samples obtained from the lunar surface. However, there is still much debate concerning the ages of certain key events, because correlating lunar regolith samples with geological units on the Moon is difficult, and most lunar radiometric ages have been highly affected by an intense history of bombardment.

neg: Globular cluster A globular cluster is a spherical collection of stars that orbits a galactic core as a satellite. Globular clusters are very tightly bound by gravity, which gives them their spherical shapes and relatively high stellar densities toward their centers. The name of this category of star cluster is derived from the Latin "globulus"—a small sphere. A globular cluster is sometimes known more simply as a "globular".

neg: Vacuum energy Vacuum energy is an underlying background energy that exists in space throughout the entire Universe. One contribution to the vacuum energy may be from virtual particles which are thought to be particle pairs that blink into existence and then annihilate in a timespan too short to observe. Their behavior is codified in Heisenberg's energy–time uncertainty principle. Still, the exact effect of such fleeting bits of energy is difficult to quantify. The vacuum energy is a special case of zero-point energy that relates to the quantum vacuum.

neg: Standard Model The Standard Model of particle physics is the theory describing three of the four known fundamental forces in the universe (the electromagnetic, weak, and strong interactions (not including gravitational force)), as well as classifying all known elementary particles. It was developed in stages throughout the latter half of the 20th century, through the work of many scientists around the world, with the current formulation being finalized in the mid-1970s upon experimental confirmation of the existence of quarks. Since then, confirmation of the top quark (1995), the tau neutrino (2000), and the Higgs boson (2012) have added further credence to the Standard Model. In addition, the Standard Model has predicted various properties of weak neutral currents and the W and Z bosons with great accuracy.

neg: Particle physics in cosmology Particle physics, which deals with the interactions of elementary particles at high energies, is an important component of cosmological models of the early universe, when the universe was dominated by radiation and its average energy density was very high. Because of this, pair production, scattering processes and decay of unstable particles are important in cosmology, and the interface between particle physics and cosmology is sometimes referred to as particle cosmology.

neg: Milky Way The Milky Way is the galaxy that contains our Solar System. The descriptive "milky" is derived from the appearance from Earth of the galaxy – a band of light seen in the night sky formed from stars that cannot be individually distinguished by the naked eye. The term "Milky Way" is a translation of the Latin "via lactea ", from the Greek γαλαξίας κύκλος ("galaxías kýklos ", "milky circle"). From Earth, the Milky Way appears as a band because its disk-shaped structure is viewed from within. Galileo Galilei first resolved the band of light into individual stars with his telescope in 1610. Until the early 1920s, most astronomers thought that the Milky Way contained all the stars in the Universe. Following the 1920 Great Debate between the astronomers Harlow Shapley and Heber Curtis, observations by Edwin Hubble showed that the Milky Way is just one of many galaxies.

neg: Big Lurch (cosmology) The Big Lurch is a theoretical scientific model suggested as one of the possibilities for ultimate fate of the universe. Matter works itself up into a frenzy and forces governing the universe grow infinitely, building up infinite pressure while the density and cosmic expansion rate remain in steady state. The consequences for time are unclear in this scenario. According to astronomical calculations, there is a finite probability of this scenario actually happening relatively soon, in as little as a few million years.

neg: Heliosphere The heliosphere is the bubble-like region of space dominated by the Sun, which extends far beyond the orbit of Pluto. Plasma "blown" out from the Sun, known as the solar wind, creates and maintains this bubble against the outside pressure of the interstellar medium, the hydrogen and helium gas that permeates the Milky Way Galaxy. The solar wind flows outward from the Sun until encountering the termination shock, where motion slows abruptly. The Voyager spacecraft have explored the outer reaches of the heliosphere, passing through the shock and entering the heliosheath, a transitional region which is in turn bounded by the outermost edge of the heliosphere, called the heliopause. The shape of the heliosphere is controlled by the interstellar medium through which it is traveling, as well as the Sun and is not perfectly spherical. The limited data available and unexplored nature of these structures have resulted in many theories.

neg: Nucleocosmochronology Nucleocosmochronology or nuclear cosmochronology is a technique used to determine timescales for astrophysical objects and events. It compares the observed ratios of abundances of heavy radioactive and stable nuclides to the primordial ratios predicted by nucleosynthesis theory in order to calculate the age of formation of astronomical objects.

neg: Deuterium fusion Deuterium fusion, also called deuterium burning, is a nuclear fusion reaction that occurs in stars and some substellar objects, in which a deuterium nucleus and a proton combine to form a helium-3 nucleus. It occurs as the second stage of the proton–proton chain reaction, in which a deuterium nucleus formed from two protons fuses with another proton, but can also proceed from primordial deuterium.

neg: SN 2007bi SN 2007bi was an extremely energetic supernova discovered early in 2007 by the international Nearby Supernova Factory based at the U.S. Department of Energy's Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory. The precursor star is estimated to have had 200 solar masses at the time of its formation and around 100 solar masses in its core when it went supernova. The explosion ejected more than 22 solar masses of silicon and other heavy elements into space during this supernova including more than 6 solar masses of radioactive nickel which caused the expanding gases to glow very brightly for many months.

neg: Solar particle event A solar proton event (SPE), or "proton storm", occurs when particles (mostly protons) emitted by the Sun become accelerated either close to the Sun during a flare or in interplanetary space by CME shocks. The events can include other nuclei such as helium ions and HZE ions. These particles cause multiple effects. They can penetrate the Earth's magnetic field and cause ionization in the ionosphere. The effect is similar to auroral events, except that protons rather than electrons are involved. Energetic protons are a significant radiation hazard to spacecraft and astronauts.

neg: Late Heavy Bombardment The Late Heavy Bombardment (abbreviated LHB and also known as the lunar cataclysm) is an event thought to have occurred approximately 4.1 to 3.8 billion years (Ga) ago, at a time corresponding to the Neohadean and Eoarchean eras on Earth. During this interval, a disproportionately large number of asteroids are theorized to have collided with the early terrestrial planets in the inner Solar System, including Mercury, Venus, Earth, and Mars.

neg: Planetary nebula A planetary nebula, often abbreviated as PN or plural PNe, is a kind of emission nebula consisting of an expanding, glowing shell of ionized gas ejected from old red giant stars late in their lives. The word "nebula" is Latin for mist or cloud, and the term "planetary nebula" is a misnomer that originated in the 1780s with astronomer William Herschel because when viewed through his telescope, these objects resemble the rounded shapes of planets. Herschel's name for these objects was popularly adopted and has not been changed. They are a relatively short-lived phenomenon, lasting a few tens of thousands of years, compared to a typical stellar lifetime of several billion years.

neg: Stellar black hole A stellar black hole (or stellar-mass black hole) is a black hole formed by the gravitational collapse of a massive star. They have masses ranging from about 5 to several tens of solar masses. The process is observed as a hypernova explosion or as a gamma ray burst . These black holes are also referred to as collapsars.

neg: Inflation (cosmology) In physical cosmology, cosmic inflation, cosmological inflation, or just inflation, is a theory of exponential expansion of space in the early universe. The inflationary epoch lasted from 10 seconds after the conjectured Big Bang singularity to sometime between 10 and 10 seconds after the singularity. Following the inflationary period, the Universe continues to expand, but at a less rapid rate.

neg: Dwarf galaxy problem The dwarf galaxy problem, also known as the missing satellites problem, arises from numerical cosmological simulations that predict the evolution of the distribution of matter in the universe. Dark matter seems to cluster hierarchically and in ever increasing number counts for smaller-and-smaller-sized halos. However, although there seem to be enough observed normal-sized galaxies to account for this distribution, the number of dwarf galaxies is orders of magnitude lower than expected from simulation. For comparison, there were observed to be around 38 dwarf galaxies in the Local Group, and only around 11 orbiting the Milky Way, (for a detailed and more up to date list see List of Milky Way's satellite galaxies) yet one dark matter simulation predicted around 500 Milky Way dwarf satellites.


query: Which university, classified as a Research University with very high research activity (RU/VH) by the Carnegie Foundation for the Advancement of Teaching, is The Gilmour B. and Edith Craig MacDonald House is a historic building located?

pos: Gilmour B. and Edith Craig MacDonald House The Gilmour B. and Edith Craig MacDonald House is a historic building located in Ames, Iowa, United States. It is significant for its association with G.B. MacDonald, a leading figure in the Conservation Movement in Iowa, and as a fine example of American Craftsman architecture in Ames. MacDonald was a professor of forestry at Iowa State College, later renamed Iowa State University, from 1910 until his death in 1960. He also served as Deputy State Forester from 1918 to 1935, and as the State Forester from 1935 to 1957. He played a leading role in both forestry and soil conservation, and was an advocate for the relationship between forestry and soil erosion and farming. As Iowa's director of the Emergency Conservation Work program, MacDonald oversaw the Civilian Conservation Corps camps in the 1930s, all which were involved with reforestation or soil erosion control work at one time or another.

pos: Iowa State University Iowa State University of Science and Technology, generally referred to as Iowa State, is a public flagship land-grant and space-grant research university located in Ames, Iowa, United States. It is the largest university in the state of Iowa and the 3rd largest university in the Big 12 athletic conference. Iowa State is classified as a Research University with very high research activity (RU/VH) by the Carnegie Foundation for the Advancement of Teaching. Iowa State is also a member of the Association of American Universities (AAU), which consists of 62 leading research universities in North America. Iowa State has also been designated an "Innovation and Economic Prosperity University," a designation awarded to only 54 public universities in the U.S.

neg: Percy W. Bridgman House The Percy W. Bridgman House is an historic house located at 10 Buckingham Place in Cambridge, Massachusetts. It is a National Historic Landmark, notable for its associations with Dr. Percy Williams Bridgman, a physicist, Nobel Prize winner, and Harvard University professor. It is now part of the Buckingham Browne & Nichols (BBN) Lower School campus.

neg: University of Glasgow Memorial Gates The Memorial Gates at the University of Glasgow were erected in 1952 as a celebration of the University's quincentenary, or five hundredth anniversary. They form a portal through the University Avenue side of the perimeter fence around the University's original site on Gilmorehill. They stand before the Hunter memorial and Hunterian Museum, on the other side of the John McIntyre Building from the Main Gate. The large gates in the centre are generally locked, although the small pedestrian gates to the left and right are opened during the day. The gates bear the names of thirty distinguished figures associated with the University. The gates are protected as a category B listed building.

neg: University of Toronto Faculty of Information The Faculty of Information (or the iSchool at the University of Toronto) is a graduate school that offers the following programs: a Master of Information (MI), a Master of Museum Studies (MMSt), and a PhD in Information Studies, as well as diploma courses. As a member of the "iSchool movement", the Faculty of Information takes an interdisciplinary approach to information studies, building on its traditional strengths in library and information science, complemented by research and teaching in archives, museum studies, information systems and design, critical information studies, culture and technology, knowledge management, digital humanities, the history of books, and other related fields. It is located on St. George Campus, in the Claude Bissell building, at 140 St. George Street, which is attached to the John P. Robarts Research Library and the Thomas Fisher Rare Book Library.

neg: Carnegie Free Library of Braddock The Braddock Carnegie Library in Braddock, Pennsylvania, is the first Carnegie Library in the United States. As such, the library was named a National Historic Landmark in 2012, following its listing on the National Register of Historic Places in 1973, and is on the Pittsburgh History and Landmarks Foundation's List of Historic Landmarks.

neg: University of New South Wales The University of New South Wales (UNSW; branded as UNSW Sydney) is an Australian public research university located in the Sydney suburb of Kensington. Established in 1949, it is regarded as one of the world's leading universities, ranked 3rd in Australia, 45th in the world, and 1st in New South Wales according to the 2017 "QS World University Rankings".

neg: Pierre and Marie Curie University UPMC, formerly Pierre and Marie Curie University (French: "Université Pierre-et-Marie-Curie" ) or also known as Paris VI, is a public research university in Paris, France.

neg: Warren G. Magnuson Health Sciences Building The Warren G. Magnuson Health Sciences Building is part of the University of Washington in Seattle, Washington and the world's largest single university building with a total floor area of 533000 m2 . Although the building is made up of over 20 wings built over more than 50 years, the interior hallways are fully connected. The Magnuson Health Sciences Building is also referred to as the Health Sciences Center or Health Sciences Complex, but should not be confused with the Warren G. Magnuson Clinical Center at the National Institutes of Health in Bethesda, Maryland which is also named for United States Senator Warren Magnuson.

neg: University of South Dakota The University of South Dakota ("or informally" USD "or" the U) is a public coeducational research university located in the small town community of Vermillion, South Dakota. USD was established by the Dakota Territory legislature in 1862, 27 years before the establishment of the state of South Dakota (first classes held 1882 in the Clay County Courthouse), USD is the oldest public university in the state.

neg: History of the University of Pittsburgh The University of Pittsburgh, commonly referred to as Pitt, is an independent, state-related, doctoral/research university in Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, United States. For most of its history, Pitt was a private institution until it became part of the Commonwealth System of Higher Education in 1966.

neg: Guggenheim Building The Guggenheim is a 20-story building in Rochester, Minnesota owned by the Mayo Clinic. Many of the floors hold research labs. The building is connected to the subway system and physically conjoined with the Hilton Building. On the first floor there is a plaque for Philip Showalter Hench and Edward Calvin Kendall, the Mayo doctors who won a Nobel Prize for Physiology or Medicine.

neg: Carnegie Hall of Moores Hill College Carnegie Hall of Moores Hill College, also known as Moores Hill High School, is a historic educational building located at Moores Hill, Dearborn County, Indiana. It was built in 1907, and is a 2 1/2-story, "T"-plan, brick building with Collegiate Gothic and Jacobethan Revival style design elements. It sits on a raised limestone faced basement. The building consists of a central portion flanked by projecting wings bisected by a central bell tower with pyramidal roof. It features a steeply pitched gable roof, parapeted gables, terra cotta trim, and pointed arch openings. The building housed Moores Hill College until 1917, when it moved to Evansville to later become the University of Evansville. It was funded in part by Andrew Carnegie, who donated $18,750 to its construction. It later housed the local high school and elementary school until 1987.

neg: National Institute for Nanotechnology The National Institute for Nanotechnology (NINT) is a research institution located on the University of Alberta main campus, in Edmonton, Alberta, Canada. Its primary purpose is nanotechnological research.

neg: Washburn University Carnegie Library Building The Washburn University Carnegie Library Building in Topeka, Kansas, United States, is a Carnegie library built in 1904. It was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1987.

neg: University of Dundee The University of Dundee (abbreviated as Dund. for post-nominals) is a public research university based in the city and Royal burgh of Dundee on the east coast of the central Lowlands of Scotland. Founded in 1881 the institution was, for most of its early existence, a constituent college of the University of St Andrews alongside United College and St Mary's College located in the town of St Andrews itself. Following significant expansion, the University of Dundee became an independent body in 1967 whilst retaining much of its ancient heritage and governance structure. Since its independence, the university has grown to become an internationally recognised centre for research.

neg: Weir House (Victoria University of Wellington) Weir House is the second oldest of the residential colleges of Victoria University of Wellington, after Victoria House, and is located in the city of Wellington in New Zealand. It is home to 309 undergraduates.

neg: Shenton House Shenton House is a historic building within the grounds of the University of Western Australia in Perth. It is a two-story Georgian style building with surrounding verandas.

neg: William Pitt Union The William Pitt Union, built in 1898 as the Hotel Schenley, is the student union building of the University of Pittsburgh main campus, and is a Pennsylvania and Pittsburgh History and Landmarks Foundation Historic Landmark. Designed by Pittsburgh-based architects Rutan & Russell in the Beaux-Arts style of architecture, the Schenley Hotel catered to local and visiting well-to-do people. The University of Pittsburgh acquired the property in 1956.

neg: Old Pathology Building Melbourne University Old Pathology Building is an educational building, part of Melbourne University’s city campus in Melbourne, Victoria. The building has since been renamed as Elisabeth Murdoch building. It is located on Spencer Road as building number 134, campus reference number F 20. Built in 1885 by architects Reed, Henderson & Smart. The Old Pathology Building is of historical and architectural significance to the State of Victoria, due to its example of early English Gothic architecture and its continued use as a university building for over 100 years. Victorian Heritage Register (H0922) - Old Pathology Building (Melbourne University) is protected by state law.

neg: New Africa House The New Africa House, formerly known as Mills House, is an academic building and former dormitory of the University of Massachusetts Amherst built in the Georgian revival style with art deco accents. It is part of the Central Residential Area at the University of Massachusetts Amherst. It was designed by Louis Ross, who designed many of the dormitories on campus as well as the Student Union. It was named after former modern languages and literary professor George Franklin Mills, who also served as a dean of the Massachusetts Agricultural College; the building's name was changed however following a black student takeover of the dorm in the spring of 1970. After negotiations with university officials, an agreement was made that the dorm would be renamed "New Africa" and the newly formed African-American studies department would relocate its offices there. It still serves as the classroom and office space of that department to this day, and also features the Augusta Savage Art Gallery and the university's Everywoman's Center.

neg: Vanderbilt University Graduate School The Graduate School manages many of the advanced degree programs of Vanderbilt University, a major research university located in Nashville, Tennessee. While the Graduate School exists as a standalone institution within Vanderbilt, it awards degrees in conjunction with Vanderbilt's other constituent colleges ("e.g.", the College of Arts and Science or the School of Engineering).


query: What was the 2010 population of the town which was part of the Maine State Route 126?

pos: Maine State Route 126 State Route 126 (SR 126) is a state highway in central Maine connecting Lewiston and Washington.

pos: Washington, Maine Washington, officially the Town of Washington, is a town in Knox County, Maine. The population was 1,527 at the 2010 United States Census.

neg: Springfield, Maine Springfield is a town in Penobscot County, Maine, United States. The population was 409 at the 2010 census.

neg: Lowell, Maine Lowell is a town in Penobscot County, Maine, United States. The population was 358 at the 2010 census.

neg: Hersey, Maine Hersey is a town in Aroostook County, Maine, United States. The population was 83 at the 2010 census.

neg: Chelsea, Maine Chelsea is a town in Kennebec County, Maine, United States. The population was 2,721 at the 2010 census. It is home to the Togus Veterans Administration facilities.

neg: Windham, Maine Windham is a town in Cumberland County, Maine, United States. The population was 17,001 at the 2010 census. It includes the villages of South Windham and North Windham. It is part of the Portland–South Portland–Biddeford, Maine Metropolitan Statistical Area.

neg: Moose River, Maine Moose River is a town in Somerset County, Maine, United States. The population was 218 at the 2010 census. It was first settled by Capt. Samuel Holden who in 1820 opened an inn as a stop for cattle drivers en route from Boston to Quebec.

neg: Chester, Maine Chester is a town in Penobscot County, Maine, United States. The population was 546 at the 2010 census.

neg: Cutler, Maine Cutler is a town in Washington County, Maine, United States. The town was named after Joseph Cutler, an early settler, who hailed from Newburyport, Massachusetts. The population was 507 at the 2010 census.

neg: Otis, Maine Otis is a town in Hancock County, Maine, United States. The population was 672 at the 2010 census.

neg: Wilton (CDP), Maine Wilton is a census-designated place (CDP) consisting of the main settlement within the town of Wilton in Franklin County, Maine, United States. The CDP population was 2,198 at the 2010 census, out of a total town population of 4,116.

neg: Islesboro, Maine Islesboro is a town in Waldo County, Maine, United States. The population was 566 at the 2010 census. It has a summer colony accessible by ferry from Lincolnville Beach 3 miles to the west, or by air taxi service. Home to Warren Island State Park, Islesboro includes the villages of Dark Harbor, Pripet and North Islesboro otherwise known as Guinea.

neg: Wade, Maine Wade is a town in Aroostook County, Maine, United States. The population was 283 at the 2010 census.

neg: Bowerbank, Maine Bowerbank is a town in Piscataquis County, Maine, United States. The population was 116 at the 2010 census.

neg: Bradford, Maine Bradford is a town in Penobscot County, Maine, United States. It is part of the Bangor, Maine Metropolitan Statistical Area. The population was 1,290 at the 2010 census.

neg: Burlington, Maine Burlington is a town in Penobscot County, Maine, United States. It is part of the Bangor Metropolitan Statistical Area. The population was 363 at the 2010 census.

neg: Wilton, Maine Wilton is a town in Franklin County, Maine, United States. The population was 4,116 at the 2010 census. Situated beside Wilson Pond, the former mill town is today primarily a recreation area.

neg: Alna, Maine Alna is a town in Lincoln County, Maine, United States. The population was 709 at the 2010 census. Home to the Wiscasset, Waterville & Farmington Railway Museum, Alna includes the early mill village of Head Tide, noted for its historic architecture.

neg: Medford, Maine Medford is a town in Piscataquis County, Maine, United States. The population was 254 at the 2010 census.

neg: Wallagrass, Maine Wallagrass is a town in Aroostook County, Maine, United States. The population was 546 at the 2010 census.

neg: Perry, Maine Perry is a town in Washington County, Maine, United States, on the Canada–United States border. At the 2010 census, the town had a population of 889.


query: When was the American film, television and stage actress that starred in The Naughty Flirt born?

pos: The Naughty Flirt The Naughty Flirt is a 1931 American Pre-Code romantic comedy film directed by Edward Cline and starring Alice White, Paul Page and Myrna Loy.

pos: Myrna Loy Myrna Loy (born Myrna Adele Williams; August 2, 1905 – December 14, 1993) was an American film, television and stage actress.

neg: Patricia Pearcy Patricia Sue Pearcy (born September 10, 1946) is an American film, stage, and television actress. She began her career in theatre, appearing on Broadway and in local theatre companies in Connecticut and Kentucky before making her film debut in Monte Hellman's "Cockfighter" (1974).

neg: Mary Eaton Mary Eaton (January 29, 1901 – October 10, 1948) was a leading American stage actress, singer, and dancer in the 1910s and 1920s. A professional performer since childhood, she enjoyed success in stage productions such as the "Ziegfeld Follies" and early sound films such as "Glorifying the American Girl" and "The Cocoanuts," but found her career in sharp decline by the mid-1930s. A battle with alcoholism led to her death in 1948 from liver failure.

neg: Arlene Golonka Arlene Golonka (born January 23, 1936) is an American actress. She is perhaps best known for playing Millie Hutchins on the television comedy "The Andy Griffith Show" and Millie Swanson on "Mayberry R.F.D.", and often portrayed bubbly, eccentric blondes in supporting character roles on stage, film, and television.

neg: Marilyn Cooper Marilyn Cooper (December 14, 1934 – April 22, 2009) was an American actress known primarily for her work on the Broadway stage.

neg: Constance Forslund Constance Forslund (born June 19, 1950) is an American actress whose performances include a revival of Clare Boothe Luce's "The Women" on Broadway and the films "The Way We Were" and "The Great Bank Hoax".

neg: Naughty Baby (film) Naughty Baby is a 1928 American silent comedy film directed by Mervyn LeRoy and starring Alice White as Rosalind McGill, a cloak room girl falls for a rich boy who may not actually be rich. It was released in December 16, 1928 by First National Pictures.

neg: Ruth McDevitt Ruth McDevitt (September 13, 1895 – May 27, 1976) was an American stage, film, radio and television actress.

neg: Jane Frazee Mary Jane Frehse (July 18, 1918 – September 6, 1985), known as Jane Frazee, was an American actress, singer, and dancer.

neg: Barbara Stanwyck Barbara Stanwyck (born Ruby Catherine Stevens; July 16, 1907 – January 20, 1990) was an American actress, model and dancer. She was a film and television star, known during her 60-year career as a consummate and versatile professional with a strong, realistic screen presence, and a favorite of directors including Cecil B. DeMille, Fritz Lang, and Frank Capra. After a short but notable career as a stage actress in the late 1920s, she made 85 films in 38 years in Hollywood, before turning to television.

neg: Carroll McComas Carroll McComas (June 27, 1886 – November 9, 1962) was an American stage, film, and television actress.

neg: Felicity Huffman Felicity Kendall Huffman (born December 9, 1962) is an American film, stage, and television actress. She is best known for her role as

neg: Elizabeth Montgomery Elizabeth Victoria Montgomery ( ; April 15, 1933 – May 18, 1995) was an American film, stage, and television actress whose career spanned five decades. She is best remembered for her role as Samantha Stephens on the television series "Bewitched".

neg: Susan Morrow Susan Morrow (born Jacqueline Ann Teresa Bernadette Immoor, May 25, 1931 – May 8, 1985) was an American actress.

neg: Gretchen Egolf Gretchen Egolf (born 9 September 1973) is an American theater, film and television actress.

neg: Theresa Harris Theresa Harris (December 31, 1906 – October 8, 1985) was an American television and film actress, singer and dancer.

neg: Tootsie Duvall Tootsie Duvall (sometimes credited as Susan Duvall or Susan "Tootsie" Duvall) is an American film, theatre and television actress.

neg: Mariel Hemingway Mariel Hadley Hemingway (born November 22, 1961) is an American actress. She began acting at age 14 with a Golden Globe–nominated breakout role in "Lipstick" (1976), and received Academy and BAFTA Award nominations for her performance in Woody Allen's "Manhattan" (1979).

neg: Ida Darling Ida Darling (February 23, 1880 – June 5, 1936) was an American actress of the stage and in silent motion pictures.

neg: Dorothy Green (actress) Dorothy Green (born Dorothy Jeanette Hufford; January 12, 1920 — May 8, 2008) was an American stage, film, and television actress. Her career spanned more than four decades, with her work principally being in supporting roles on many popular television series from the early 1950s into the 1980s.

neg: Bobbie Eakes Bobbie Diane Eakes (born July 25, 1961) is an American actress and singer. She is known for her role as Macy Alexander on "The Bold and the Beautiful" (1989–2000, 2001, 2002–2003) and for her role as Krystal Carey on "All My Children" (2003–2011).


query: Who was born first, Clarice Lispector or Gao Xingjian?

pos: Gao Xingjian Gao Xingjian (born January 4, 1940) is a Chinese émigré novelist, playwright, and critic who in 2000 was awarded the Nobel Prize for Literature “for an oeuvre of universal validity, bitter insights and linguistic ingenuity.” He is also a noted translator (particularly of Samuel Beckett and Eugène Ionesco), screenwriter, stage director, and a celebrated painter. In 1998, Gao was granted French citizenship.

pos: Clarice Lispector Clarice Lispector (December 10, 1920December 9, 1977) was a Brazilian writer acclaimed internationally for her innovative novels and short stories. Born to a Jewish family in Podolia in Western Ukraine, she was brought to Brazil as an infant, amidst the disasters engulfing her native land following the First World War.

neg: Wang Gungwu Wang Gungwu (; born 9 October 1930), {'1': ", '2': ", '3': ", '4': "} , is an Australian historian of overseas Chinese descent. He has studied and written about the Chinese diaspora, but he has objected to the use of the word "diaspora" to describe the migration of Chinese from China because both it mistakenly implies that all overseas Chinese are the same and has been used to perpetuate fears of a "Chinese threat", under the control of the Chinese government. An expert on the Chinese tianxia ("all under heaven") concept, he was the first to suggest its application to the contemporary world as an American Tianxia.

neg: Liu Chunyan Liu Chunyan (; born 20 August 1966) better known by her nickname Jin Guizi (), is a Chinese host and actress.

neg: Zhang Gaoli Zhang Gaoli (born November 1946) is the current first-ranked Vice Premier of the People's Republic of China and a member of the Politburo Standing Committee of the Communist Party of China, China's highest ruling council. Prior to his ascendancy to the pinnacle of political power in China, Zhang served as the Communist Party Secretary of Tianjin between 2007 and 2012, and the Party Secretary in the economic powerhouse of Shandong province between 2002 and 2007.

neg: Tang Renjian Tang Renjian (; born August 1962) is a Chinese politician currently serving as Governor of Gansu province. He formerly served as Deputy Director of the Office of the Leading Group for Financial and Economic Affairs, the Vice Chairman of the Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region.

neg: Gong Lijiao Gong Lijiao (; born 24 January 1989) is a female Chinese shot putter.

neg: Li Lanqing Li Lanqing (; born May 1932) is a retired Chinese politician, best known for his term as Vice Premier of the State Council between 1998 and 2003, and a member of the Politburo Standing Committee between 1997 and 2002.

neg: Lan Tianye Lan Tianye (born 1927) is a Chinese actor and painter.

neg: George Gao George Gao (, born 1967) is a Chinese-born erhu player and composer.

neg: Gao Hong (footballer) Gao Hong (; born November 27, 1967) is a female Chinese football (soccer) player who competed in the 1996 Summer Olympics and in the 2000 Summer Olympics. She also played professionally for the New York Power of the Women's United Soccer Association in 2001 and 2002.

neg: Wang Li (politician) Wang Li (; August 11, 1922 – October 21, 1996), born Wang Guangbao () was a Chinese Communist propagandist and prominent member of the Cultural Revolution Group, in charge of overseeing the Cultural Revolution movement of Mao Zedong. Wang joined the Communist movement in his youth and became a specialist in theory and propaganda work. He was one of the leading figures of party propaganda at the outset of the Cultural Revolution, and contributed to the synthesis of Mao's theory of "continuous revolution."

neg: Chao-Li Chi Chao-Li Chi (; April 5, 1927 – October 16, 2010) was a Shanxi-born actor and dancer who worked extensively in American television, including his best known role as Chao-Li, the faithful majordomo and chauffeur of Jane Wyman's character in "Falcon Crest". Additionally, his film credits include "Big Trouble in Little China", "The Joy Luck Club", "The Nutty Professor", "Wedding Crashers" and "The Prestige". He was featured in the short film by Maya Deren, "Meditation on Violence", in 1948.

neg: Li Guixian Li Guixian (; born August 1937) is a retired politician of the People's Republic of China, and a governor of People's Bank of China in 1988-1993.

neg: Li Guochang Li Guochang () (died 887), né Zhuye Chixin (朱邪赤心), courtesy name Dexing (德興), posthumously honored by Later Tang as Emperor Wenjing (文景皇帝) with the temple name of Xianzu (獻祖), was a leader of the Shatuo Turks during the waning years of the Tang Dynasty.

neg: Gao Ping Gao Ping (高平 ; born Chengdu, 1970) is a Chinese composer. He is professor in composition at the Conservatory of Music at Capital Normal University in Beijing. His 1988 China Record Company album "Jazz in China" was one of the first domestic jazz-classical albums released in China.

neg: Li Fengji Li Fengji (; 758 – February 27, 835), courtesy name Xuzhou (虛舟), formally Duke Cheng of Zheng (鄭成公) or Duke Cheng of Liang (涼成公), was an official of the Chinese dynasty Tang Dynasty, serving as a chancellor during the reigns of Emperor Xianzong, Emperor Xianzong's son Emperor Muzong, and grandson Emperor Jingzong. He was portrayed by traditional accounts as full of machinations against his political opponents.

neg: Gao Cen Gao Cen (Chinese: 高岑), courtesy name as Shanchang or Weisheng, is a famed Chinese painter active during the Qing Dynasty. A native Hangzhou, he lived in Jinling (now Nanjing) and was one of "Eight Masters of Jinling".

neg: Li Jingye Li Jingye (李敬業) (died December 29, 684), also known as Xu Jingye (徐敬業), was a grandson of the great Tang Dynasty general Li Shiji who, after Emperor Gaozong's wife Empress Wu (later known as Wu Zetian) had seized power after Emperor Gaozong's death, rose in rebellion against her, but who was quickly defeated and killed in flight.

neg: Empress Dowager Cao (Li Cunxu's mother) Empress Dowager Cao (曹太后, personal name unknown) (died August 3, 925), formally Empress Zhenjian (貞簡皇后, "virtuous and humble"), was a [[concubine]] to the late [[Tang dynasty]] warlord [[Li Keyong]] and the mother to his son [[Emperor Zhuangzong of Later Tang|Li Cunxu]], who later established [[Later Tang]] as its Emperor Zhuangzong. After the establishment of Later Tang, she was honored as [[empress dowager]].

neg: Li Haifeng Li Haifeng (born February 1949) is a Chinese politician. A native of Laoting, Hebei, she did her graduate studies at the Party School of the Central Committee, and went on to positions such as Secretary of the Daqing branch of the Communist Youth League of China, Standing Committee Member of the Daqing Field branch of the Communist Party, Vice-Chairperson of the Politburo. She also served as a delegate to the 5th and 6th Chinese People's Political Consultative Conferences. In May 2007, she was promoted to her position as head of the Overseas Chinese Affairs Office of the State Council of the People's Republic of China. Two months later, as part of her official duties, she toured Chinese American and Chinese Canadian communities in the five cities of San Francisco, Los Angeles, New York, Vancouver, and Toronto.

neg: Gao Chen Gao Chen (born August 11, 1992) is a Chinese footballer. She represented China in the football competition at the 2016 Summer Olympics. She also plays for Dalian Quanjian F.C. in the Chinese Women's Super League.


query: The Critics Group was under the direction of an English folk singer who passed away in what year ?

pos: The Critics Group The Critics Group, also known as The London Critics Group, was a group of people who met to explore 'how best to apply the techniques of folk-music and drama to the folk revival' under the direction of Ewan MacColl and Peggy Seeger, with some participation from Bert Lloyd and Charles Parker. Running for eight years from the mid-1960s to the early 1970s, it was not a conventional musical group or band as it had no permanent line-up. Members would perform with each other on an ad-hoc basis as situations demanded.

pos: Ewan MacColl James Henry Miller (25 January 1915 – 22 October 1989), better known by his stage name Ewan MacColl, was an English folk singer, songwriter, communist, labour activist, actor, poet, playwright and record producer.

neg: Norma Waterson Norma Christine Waterson (born 15 August 1939) is an English musician, best known as one of the original members of The Watersons, a celebrated English traditional group. Other members of the group included her brother Mike Waterson and sister Lal Waterson, a cousin John Harrison, and in later incarnations of the group her husband Martin Carthy.

neg: George Melly Alan George Heywood Melly (17 August 1926 – 5 July 2007) was an English jazz and blues singer, critic, writer and lecturer. From 1965 to 1973 he was a film and television critic for "The Observer" and lectured on art history, with an emphasis on surrealism.

neg: Stan Hugill Stanley James Hugill (/'hju:ɡɪl/ ) (November 19, 1906 – May 13, 1992) was a British folk music performer, artist and sea music historian, known as the "Last Working Shantyman" and described as the "20th century guardian of the tradition".

neg: Bonnie Tyler Bonnie Tyler (born Gaynor Hopkins; 8 June 1951) is a Welsh singer, known for her distinctive husky voice. Tyler came to prominence with the release of her 1977 album "The World Starts Tonight" and its singles "Lost in France" and "More Than a Lover". Her 1978 single "It's a Heartache" reached number four on the UK Singles Chart, and number three on the US "Billboard" Hot 100.

neg: Danny Kyle Danny Kyle (12 December 1939 – 5 July 1998) was a Scottish folk singer-songwriter. He was a passionate supporter of traditional music and a constant campaigner for its revival in Scotland. Kyle was an important figure in the Scottish Folk Revival of the Sixties.

neg: Richard Dyer-Bennet Richard Dyer-Bennet (October 6, 1913 in Leicester, England – December 14, 1991 in Monterey, Massachusetts) was an English-born American folk singer (or his own preferred term, "minstrel"), recording artist, and voice teacher.

neg: Paul Ryan (singer) Paul Ryan (24 October 1948 – 29 November 1992) was an English singer, songwriter and record producer.

neg: Tony Rivers Tony Rivers (born Douglas Anthony Thompson, 21 December 1940, Shildon, County Durham, England) is an English singer, best known for singing with the groups Tony Rivers and the Castaways and Harmony Grass. Additionally, Rivers sang on albums by Steve Harley & Cockney Rebel, Roger Daltrey, Shakin' Stevens and Cliff Richard.

neg: Marg Osburne Marg Osburne (December 29, 1927 – July 16, 1977) was a Canadian country, folk and gospel singer. Recipient (posthumously) of the ECMA Stompin' Tom Connors award.

neg: Adge Cutler Alan John 'Adge' Cutler (19 November 1930 – 5 May 1974) was an English singer best known as the frontman of the comic folk band the Wurzels. Cutler was known for his songs, but also his dry, West Country humour, and gained the unofficial title of "The Bard Of Avonmouth".

neg: Alfred Deller Alfred George Deller, CBE (31 May 1912 – 16 July 1979), was an English singer and one of the main figures in popularising the return of the countertenor voice in Renaissance and Baroque music during the 20th century.

neg: Michael Morrow Michael Morrow (October 2, 1929 – April 20, 1994) was an Irish artist, ornithologist, musician and musicologist who, together with John Beckett, founded the British early music group Musica Reservata in London during the late 1950s. He directed the group, which became famous for its ground-breaking and vigorous approach to performing medieval and early Renaissance music, until it was disbanded in the 1980s.

neg: Magpie Lane Magpie Lane is an English folk group, based in Oxford, England.

neg: The Pennywhistlers The Pennywhistlers were an American singing group founded by folklorist and singer Ethel Raim and popular during the 1960s folk music revival. They specialized in Eastern European choral music, sung primarily a cappella. Folk singer Theodore Bikel, in his autobiography "Theo", called them "the closest to the real thing in authenticity in the United States." They toured throughout the 1960s, appearing at the "Sing Out!" hootenanny at Carnegie Hall, the Fox Hollow Festival, and the Mariposa Folk Festival, among others. They shared the bill with performers such as Bob Dylan, Pete Seeger, Joan Baez, Reverend Gary Davis, Leonard Cohen, and many others.

neg: Susan McKeown Susan McKeown (born February 6, 1967) is an Irish folk singer and songwriter.

neg: Alun Parry Alun Parry is an English folk singer/ songwriter and community music festival organiser from Liverpool.

neg: Tom Paxton Thomas Richard Paxton (born October 31, 1937) is an American folk singer-songwriter who has had a music career spanning more than fifty years. In 2009, Paxton received a Grammy Lifetime Achievement Award. He is noteworthy as a music educator as well as an advocate for folk singers to combine traditional songs with new compositions.

neg: Ronnie Gilbert Ruth Alice "Ronnie" Gilbert (September 7, 1926 – June 6, 2015) was an American folk singer, songwriter, actress and political activist. She was one of the original members of the music quartet the Weavers, as a contralto with Pete Seeger, Lee Hays, and Fred Hellerman.

neg: Mary Hampton Mary Hampton is a folk singer, songwriter, accordionist and guitarist from Brighton, England.

neg: Harry Boardman Harry Boardman (1930–1987) was an English folk singer who was born in Failsworth, Lancashire. He sang both unaccompanied and accompanying himself on the Anglo concertina or banjo. "Boardman has specialised in the lore, songs and dialect poems of his native Lancashire. A fine singer, his recorded and printed work has done much to preserve the otherwise ignored aspects of his local tradition."—Fred Woods. He was active as a folk singer and collector of Lancashire folklore from the late 1950s with some collaboration from his wife Lesley. In 1991 the Harry Boardman Memorial Trust was established to increase public awareness of traditional music and related arts, including the folk music of the British Isles and local traditions of North West England. Harry appeared regularly, together with Dave Hillier at the Pack Horse Hotel in Bridge Street, Manchester during the early 1960s.