query: The candle maker whose cottage Giuseppe Garibaldi lived in from 1851 to 1853 is best known for developing what kind of apparatus?

pos: Garibaldi-Meucci Museum The Garibaldi-Meucci Museum, formerly known as the Garibaldi Memorial, is a circa 1840 Gothic Revival cottage in the Rosebank section of Staten Island, New York. It was home to inventor and candle maker Antonio Meucci (1808–1889). The Italian revolutionary and political leader Giuseppe Garibaldi (1807–1882) lived there from 1851 to 1853.

pos: Antonio Meucci Antonio Santi Giuseppe Meucci (] ; 13 April 1808 – 18 October 1889) was an Italian inventor and an associate of Giuseppe Garibaldi. Meucci is best known for developing a voice-communication apparatus that several sources credit as the first telephone.

neg: Viktor Meyer Viktor Meyer (8 September 1848 – 8 August 1897) was a German chemist and significant contributor to both organic and inorganic chemistry. He is best known for inventing an apparatus for determining vapour densities, the Viktor Meyer apparatus, and for discovering thiophene, a heterocyclic compound. He is sometimes referred to as Victor Meyer, a name used in some of his publications.

neg: Daniel McFarlan Moore Daniel McFarlan Moore (February 27, 1869 – June 15, 1936) was a U.S. electrical engineer and inventor. He developed a novel light source, the "Moore lamp", and a business that produced them in the early 1900s. The Moore lamp was the first commercially viable light-source based on gas discharges instead of incandescence; it was the predecessor to contemporary neon lighting and fluorescent lighting. In his later career Moore developed a miniature neon lamp that was extensively used in electronic displays, as well as vacuum tubes that were used in early television systems.

neg: Vitascope Vitascope was an early film projector first demonstrated in 1895 by Charles Francis Jenkins and Thomas Armat. They had made modifications to Jenkins patented Phantoscope, which cast images via film and electric light onto a wall or screen. The Vitascope is a large electrically-powered projector that uses light to cast images. The images being cast are originally taken by a kinetoscope mechanism onto gelatin film. Using an intermittent mechanism, the film negatives produced up to fifty frames per second. The shutter opens and closes to reveal new images. This device can produce up to 3,000 negatives per minute. With the original Phantoscope and before he partnered with Armat, Jenkins displayed the earliest documented projection of a filmed motion picture in June 1894 in Richmond, Indiana.

neg: George Garrett (inventor) George William Littler Garrett (4 July 1852 – 26 February 1902) was a British clergyman and inventor who pioneered submarine design.

neg: Birdsill Holly Birdsill Holly Jr. (8 November 1820 – 27 April 1894) was a mechanical engineer and inventor of water hydraulics devices. He is noted for his inventions related to city water system equipment and apparatus for fire protection, like the fire hydrant.

neg: Telegraph sounder A telegraph sounder is an antique electromechanical device used as a receiver on electrical telegraph lines during the 19th century. It was invented by Alfred Vail after 1850 to replace the previous receiving device, the cumbersome Morse register and was the first practical application of the electromagnet. When a telegraph message comes in it produces an audible "clicking" sound representing the "dots" and "dashes" of Morse code. A telegraph operator would translate the sounds into characters representing the telegraph message.

neg: Lightolier Lightolier is a company that manufactures and sells a wide array of lighting fixtures. It was founded in 1904 by Bernhard Blitzer under the name of "New York Gas and Appliance Co." When electric lighting started to be more widely accepted, the name was changed to "Lightolier", a contraction of the words "light" and "chandelier". In 2007, Philips Royal Electronics announced that it would acquire the Genlyte Group which would make Lightolier a part of Philips.

neg: Moka pot The moka pot, also known as a macchinetta del caffè (literally "small coffee machine"), is a stove-top or electric coffee maker that produces coffee by passing boiling water pressurized by steam through ground coffee. It was patented for the first time in Italy by the inventor Luigi De Ponti for Alfonso Bialetti in 1933. Bialetti Industrie continues to produce the same model under the name "Moka Express".

neg: Andrea Naccari Andrea Naccari (12 August 1841 – 2 October 1919) is notable for his study of the thermoelectric properties of metals, the photoelectric effect of metals immersed in liquids, and the electrical conductivity of gases and liquid dielectrics. He showed that the variation in the electrical resistance of distilled water was due largely to the solubility of the glass of the receptacle in which it was contained.

neg: Guglielmo Marconi Guglielmo Marconi, 1st Marquis of Marconi ( ; ] ; 25 April 187420 July 1937) was an Italian inventor and electrical engineer known for his pioneering work on long-distance radio transmission and for his development of Marconi's law and a radio telegraph system. He is usually credited as the inventor of radio, and he shared the 1909 Nobel Prize in Physics with Karl Ferdinand Braun "in recognition of their contributions to the development of wireless telegraphy".

neg: Eldorado Jones Eldorado Jones (1860–1932) was an American inventor nicknamed the "Iron Woman". Her factory in Moline, Illinois, mainly employed women over the age of 40. She is best known for inventing an airplane muffler, but also developed a lightweight electric iron, a travel-size ironing board, a collapsible hat-rack, and an "anti-damp salt shaker".

neg: Jacques-Arsène d'Arsonval Jacques-Arsène d'Arsonval (June 8, 1851 – December 31, 1940) was a French physician, physicist, and inventor of the moving-coil D'Arsonval galvanometer and the thermocouple ammeter. D'Arsonval was an important contributor to the emerging field of electrophysiology, the study of the effects of electricity on biological organisms, in the nineteenth century.

neg: Mikhail Dolivo-Dobrovolsky Mikhail Osipovich Dolivo-Dobrovolsky (Russian: Михаи́л О́сипович Доли́во-Доброво́льский ; German: "Michail von Dolivo-Dobrowolsky" or "Michail Ossipowitsch Doliwo-Dobrowolski"; Polish: "Michał Doliwo-Dobrowolski" ; January 2 [O.S. December 21, 1861] 1862 in Gatchina near Saint Petersburg – November 15 [O.S. November 3] 1919 in Heidelberg, Germany), was a Polish-Russian engineer, electrician, and inventor. Born in a mixed family between a Polish noble family originating from Mazowsze, and a Russian noble family. Emigrated to Germany due to political persecution of Poles after the assassination of Alexander II of Russia (1881). He studied at the Darmstadt University of Technology (TH Darmstadt) in Germany. From 1887 he worked for AEG.

neg: Franco Tosi Franco Tosi (21 April 1850 – 25 November 1898) was an Italian engineer, known for his contributions to the steam engine technology.

neg: Count Ignazio Alessandro Cozio di Salabue Count Ignazio Alessandro Cozio di Salabue (1755–1840) was an Italian count known as the first great connoisseur and collector of violins. A trove of correspondence and memoirs on the history of violinmaking known as the "Carteggio" forms the basis of his biography. Cozio's meticulous notes on nearly every instrument that passed through his hands contributed enormously to the body of knowledge surrounding Italian violinmaking.

neg: Massimiliano Palombara Massimiliano Palombara (1614 – 1680) was marquis of Pietraforte and Conservator of Rome between 1651 and 1677. He is the author of the "La Bugia" ("the Candle"), a book of verses, written in 1656 in Rome. He built the Villa Palombara which included five gates with occult inscriptions including the still-standing Porta Alchemica.

neg: Thomas Edison Thomas Alva Edison (February 11, 1847October 18, 1931) was an American inventor and businessman, who has been described as America's greatest inventor. He developed many devices that greatly influenced life around the world, including the phonograph, the motion picture camera, and the long-lasting, practical electric light bulb. Dubbed "The Wizard of Menlo Park", he was one of the first inventors to apply the principles of mass production and large-scale teamwork to the process of invention, and because of that, he is often credited with the creation of the first industrial research laboratory.

neg: Sylvester H. Roper Sylvester Howard Roper (November 24, 1823 – June 1, 1896) was an American inventor and a pioneering builder of early automobiles and motorcycles from Boston, Massachusetts. In 1863 he built a steam carriage, one of the earliest automobiles. The Roper steam velocipede of 1867–1869 may have been the first motorcycle, for which he was inducted into the Motorcycle Hall of Fame in 2002. He is also the inventor of the shotgun choke and a revolver repeating shotgun.

neg: Frog galvanoscope The frog galvanoscope is a sensitive electrical instrument used to detect voltage in the late eighteenth and nineteenth centuries. It consists of skinned frog's leg with electrical connections to a nerve. The instrument was invented by Luigi Galvani and improved by Carlo Matteucci.

neg: Henry Maudslay Henry Maudslay (pronunciation and spelling) (22 August 1771 – 14 February 1831) was a British machine tool innovator, tool and die maker, and inventor. He is considered a founding father of machine tool technology. His inventions were an important foundation for the Industrial Revolution.


query: What work of Eva Bendix Peterson was critical of the resurgence of 19th century ideas?

pos: Eva Bendix Petersen Eva Bendix Petersen is a post-structuralist psychologist and sociologist of education. She is currently Professor of Higher Education in the Department of People and Technology at Roskilde University, Denmark. She is known for her work on academic cultures and labour, her critique of the neoliberalisation of universities, and her experimentation with new scientific genres, e.g. ethnographic dramas.

pos: Neoliberalism Neoliberalism or neo-liberalism refers primarily to the 20th-century resurgence of 19th-century ideas associated with "laissez-faire" economic liberalism. These include economic liberalization policies such as privatization, austerity, deregulation, free trade, and reductions in government spending in order to increase the role of the private sector in the economy and society. These market-based ideas and the policies they inspired constitute a paradigm shift away from the post-war Keynesian consensus which lasted from 1945 to 1980.

neg: Social hygiene movement The social hygiene movement of the late 19th and early 20th centuries was an attempt by Progressive-era reformers to control venereal disease, regulate prostitution and vice, and disseminate sexual education through the use of scientific research methods and modern media techniques. A mental hygiene movement also developed, partly separately and now generally known as mental health, although the older term is still in use, e.g. in New York state's law.

neg: Neoabolitionism Neoabolitionist (or neo-abolitionist or new abolitionism) is a term used in historiography to characterize historians of race relations motivated by the spirit of racial equality typified by the abolitionists who fought to abolish slavery in the mid-19th century. They write especially about African-American history, slavery, the American Civil War and the Reconstruction Era.

neg: Catholic literary revival The Catholic literary revival is a term that has been applied to a movement towards explicitly Catholic allegiance and themes among leading literary figures in France and England, roughly in the century from 1860 to 1960. This often involved conversion to Catholicism or a conversion-like return to the Catholic Church. Due to the influence of Catholic literature from England in the United States, the concept of "Catholic revival" is sometimes extended to include American authors such as Dorothy Day, Thomas Merton, Walker Percy, J. F. Powers and Flannery O'Connor.

neg: Forerunner (magazine) The Forerunner was a monthly magazine produced by Charlotte Perkins Gilman (best known as the writer of "The Yellow Wallpaper"), from 1909 through 1916. During that time, she wrote all of every issue — editorials, critical articles, book reviews, essays, poems, stories, and six serialized novels. Gilman’s drive for social change was the inspiration for "Forerunner" and its controversial articles. She succeeded in administering progressive ideas for change to the magazine's readers, growing support for her desires during the women's suffrage movement. The magazine was based in New York City.

neg: John Alexander Fuller Maitland John Alexander Fuller Maitland (7 April 1856 – 30 March 1936) was an influential British music critic and scholar from the 1880s to the 1920s. He encouraged the rediscovery of English music of the 16th and 17th centuries, particularly Henry Purcell's music and English virginal music. He also propounded the notion of an English Musical Renaissance in the second half of the 19th century, particularly praising Charles Villiers Stanford and Hubert Parry.

neg: Round About a Pound a Week Round About a Pound a Week was an influential 1913 survey of poverty and infant mortality in London, by feminist and socialist Maud Pember Reeves, co-authored by anarchist activist Charlotte Wilson. The project was conceived and carried out under the auspices of the Fabian Society's Women's Group, which she co-founded in 1908. The report was originally published as a political pamphlet or tract, arguing for specific reforms, but is still in print and considered relevant today.

neg: Herbartianism Herbartianism is an educational philosophy, movement, and method loosely based on the educational and pedagogical thought of German educator Johann Friedrich Herbart, and influential on American school pedagogy of the late 19th century as the field worked towards a science of education. Herbart advocated for instruction that introduced new ideas in discrete steps. About a quarter-century after his death, Herbart's ideas were expanded in two German schools of thought that were later embodied in the method used at a practice school in Jena, which attracted educationists from the United States. Herbartianism was later replaced by new pedagogies, such as those of John Dewey.

neg: Mary Wood-Allen Mary Augusta Wood-Allen (October 19, 1841 – January 21, 1908) was a doctor, social reformer, lecturer, and writer of books on health and self-improvement for women and children. Through her lectures and writings she was a voice for the social purity movement.

neg: Jessie Eldridge Southwick Jessie Eldridge Southwick (1865 – 1957) was an American elocutionist, teacher, author, and poet. Active in the Chautauqua and Lyceum movements of the late 19th and early 20th century, she performed around the United States as well as internationally. She influenced the field of oratory through active involvement in emerging organizations, writing textbooks, as well as teaching expressive voice culture and platform performance at Emerson College and elsewhere.

neg: Radical criticism Radical criticism is a movement around the late 19th century that, typically, denied authentic authorship of the Pauline epistles. This went beyond the higher criticism of the Tübingen school which (with the exception of Bruno Bauer) held that a core of at least four epistles had been written by Paul of Tarsus in the 1st century.

neg: The Over-Soul "The Over-Soul" is an acclaimed essay by Ralph Waldo Emerson, first published in 1841. With the human soul as its overriding subject, several general themes are treated: (1) the existence and nature of the human soul; (2) the relationship between the soul and the personal ego; (3) the relationship of one human soul to another; and (4) the relationship of the human soul to God. Influence of Eastern religions, including Vedantism, is plainly evident, but the essay also develops ideas long present in the Western tradition, e.g., in the works of Plato, Plutarch, and Neoplatonists like Plotinus and Proclus – all of whose writings Emerson read extensively throughout his career – and Emanuel Swedenborg.

neg: Notions of the Americans Notions of the Americas; Picked Up by a Travelling Bachelor is a 1828 semi-nonfictional travel narrative by James Fenimore Cooper. The work takes the form of letters between a fictional bachelor traveling in the United States to his European friends. Cooper wrote the work while in Europe, and originally published the work anonymously, to conceal his identity and be more convincing to European audiences. The book persuasively argues for the virtue of American values and democracy in comparison to the aristocratic values of Europe.

neg: The Eclectic Review The Eclectic Review was a British periodical published monthly during the first half of the 19th century aimed at highly literate readers of all classes. Published between 1805 and 1868, it reviewed books in many fields, including literature, history, theology, politics, science, art, and philosophy. The "Eclectic" paid special attention to literature, reviewing major new Romantic writers such as William Wordsworth and Lord Byron as well as emerging Victorian novelists such as Charles Dickens. Unlike their fellow publications, however, they also paid attention to American literature, seriously reviewing the works of writers such as Washington Irving.

neg: Church renewal Church renewal is a term widely used by church leaders to express hope for revitalization of the Church (as well as Christianity in general) in light of the decline of Christianity in many western countries. The idea of a post-Christian era has made church renewal a popular topic of study among many commentators. Various philosophical, theological, sociological, and practical reasons have been given for the decline of Christianity and the waning influence of the church, and various ideas have been proposed to halt the decline. This has led to the rise of a number of church renewal movements, such as the emerging church movement, the missional church movement, the confessing movement, the simple church movement, New Calvinism, and New Monasticism, among others.

neg: Letters from the Earth Letters from the Earth is a posthumously published work of celebrated American author Mark Twain (1835–1910). It comprises essays written during a difficult time in Twain's life (1904–09), when he was deeply in debt and had recently lost his wife and one of his daughters. The content concerns morality and religion and strikes a sarcastic — Twain's own term throughout the book — tone. Initially, another of his daughters, Clara Clemens, objected to its publication in March 1939, probably because of its controversial and iconoclastic views on religion, claiming it presented a ""distorted"" view of her father. Henry Nash Smith helped change her position in 1960. Clara explained her change of heart in 1962 saying that ""Mark Twain belonged to the world"" and that public opinion had become more tolerant. She was also influenced to release the papers by her annoyance with Soviet reports that her father's ideas were being suppressed in the United States. The papers were selected, edited and sequenced for the book in 1939 by Bernard DeVoto.

neg: Woman in the Nineteenth Century Woman in the Nineteenth Century is a book by American journalist, editor, and women's rights advocate Margaret Fuller. Originally published in July 1843 in "The Dial" magazine as "The Great Lawsuit. Man versus Men. Woman versus Women", it was later expanded and republished in book form in 1845.

neg: Reform and the Reformers Reform and the Reformers is an essay written by Henry David Thoreau. The essay was never published in his lifetime, and has been cobbled together from existing lecture notes that Thoreau himself picked over for his other writings, such as "Walden" and "A Week on the Concord and Merrimack Rivers".

neg: Victorian restoration Victorian restoration was the widespread and extensive refurbishment and rebuilding of Church of England churches and cathedrals that took place in England and Wales during the 19th-century reign of Queen Victoria. It was not the same process as is understood today by the term building restoration.

neg: 19th-century philosophy In the 19th century the philosophies of the Enlightenment began to have a dramatic effect, the landmark works of philosophers such as Immanuel Kant and Jean-Jacques Rousseau influencing new generations of thinkers. In the late 18th century a movement known as Romanticism began; it validated strong emotion as an authentic not of aesthetic experience, placing new emphasis on such emotions as trepidation, horror and terror and awe. Key ideas that sparked changes in philosophy were the fast progress of science; evolution, as postulated by Vanini, Diderot, Lord Monboddo, Erasmus Darwin, Lamarck, Goethe, and Charles Darwin; and what might now be called emergent order, such as the free market of Adam Smith within nation states. Pressures for egalitarianism, and more rapid change culminated in a period of revolution and turbulence that would see philosophy change as well.

neg: Aestheticism Aestheticism (also the Aesthetic Movement) is an intellectual and art movement supporting the emphasis of aesthetic values more than social-political themes for literature, fine art, music and other arts. This meant that Art from this particular movement focused more on being beautiful rather than having a deeper meaning - 'Art for Art's sake'. It was particularly prominent in Europe during the 19th century, supported by notable figures such as Oscar Wilde, but contemporary critics are also associated with the movement, such as Harold Bloom, who has recently argued against projecting social and political ideology onto literary works, which he believes has been a growing problem in humanities departments over the last century.


query: Who was the father of the man the Norwegian Storting elected king of Norway on 4 November 1814?

pos: Convention of Moss The Convention of Moss was a cease fire agreement, signed on 14 August 1814 between the Swedish King and the Norwegian government. It followed the Swedish-Norwegian War due to Norway's claim to sovereignty. It also became the "de facto" peace agreement and formed the basis for the personal union between Sweden and Norway that was established when the Norwegian Storting (Parliament) elected Charles XIII of Sweden as king of Norway on 4 November 1814. The Union lasted until Norway declared its dissolution in 1905.

pos: Charles XIII of Sweden Charles XIII & II also Carl, Swedish: "Karl XIII" (7 October 1748 – 5 February 1818), was King of Sweden (as "Charles XIII") from 1809 and King of Norway (as "Charles II") from 1814 until his death. He was the second son of King Adolf Frederick of Sweden and Louisa Ulrika of Prussia, sister of Frederick II of Prussia.

neg: Gustav of Vasaborg Count Gustav Gustavsson of Vasaborg, 1st Count of Nystad (April 24, 1616 – October 25, 1653) was an illegitimate son of King Gustavus Adolphus ("Gustav II Adolf") and his mistress Margareta Slots.

neg: Christen Mule Christian or Christen Mule (died 1589) was a merchant and Mayor of Oslo, Norway. He was probably a member of the family Mule from Denmark. Mule's parents have not been identified, but claims that he was the illegitimate son of the unpopular Hans Kristensson Mule were disputed by Edvard Bull the elder. Christian was the father of Thomas, Severin (Soren), Kristen, Bertel, and possibly Niels Mule.

neg: Fredrik Stang Fredrik Stang (27 December 1867 – 15 November 1941) was a Norwegian law professor and politician for the Conservative Party. He served as a Member of Parliament, leader of the Conservative Party, Minister of Justice and the Police, Chairman of the Norwegian Nobel Committee, and Rector of The Royal Frederick University. His father was Prime Minister Emil Stang and his grandfather was Prime Minister Frederik Stang.

neg: Gustav Fabergé Gustav Fabergé (1814–1893) was a Baltic German jeweller and father of the famous Peter Carl Fabergé, maker of Fabergé eggs. He established his own business in Saint Petersburg, which his son inherited.

neg: Royal Family Order of King Haakon VII of Norway The Royal Family Order of King Haakon VII of Norway is an honour that was bestowed on members of the Norwegian Royal Family by King Haakon VII.

neg: Eilert Waldemar Preben Ramm Eilert Waldemar Preben Ramm (4 May 1769 – 15 March 1837) was a Norwegian military officer and representative at the Norwegian Constitutional Assembly in 1814.

neg: Peter Elieson John Collett Postumus Elieson (29 December 1770 – 7 June 1833) was a Norwegian military assessor and politician.

neg: Johan Christian Collett Johan Christian Collett (23 July 1817 – 29 April 1895) was a Norwegian politician.

neg: Bredo Henrik von Munthe af Morgenstierne, Sr. Bredo Henrik von Munthe af Morgenstierne (27 September 1774 – 3 June 1835) was a Norwegian jurist, part of an old noble family.

neg: Nicolai Friis Nicolai Friis (1815–1888) was a Norwegian politician.

neg: John, King of Denmark John (Danish and Norwegian: "Hans" ; Swedish: "Johan" ; né "Johannes") (2 February 1455 – 20 February 1513) was a Scandinavian monarch under the Kalmar Union. He was King of Denmark (1481–1513), Norway (1483–1513) and as John II (Swedish: "Johan II" ) Sweden (1497–1501). From 1482 to 1513, he was concurrently Duke of Schleswig and Holstein in joint rule with his brother Frederick. He currently remains the only King of Denmark since the mid-15th century to not be named Christian or Frederick, if one does not include the current Queen of Denmark, Margrethe II.

neg: Haakon V of Norway Haakon V Magnusson (10 April 1270 - 8 May 1319) (Old Norse: "Hákon Magnússon"; Norwegian: "Håkon Magnusson") was king of Norway from 1299 until 1319.

neg: Archduke Karl Ferdinand of Austria Archduke Karl Ferdinand of Austria (Vienna, 29 July 1818 – Gross Seelowitz (Židlochovice Castle), 20 November 1874) was the second son of Archduke Charles, Duke of Teschen (1771–1847) and Princess Henrietta of Nassau-Weilburg, and the maternal grandfather of King Alfonso XIII of Spain.

neg: Diderik von Cappelen Diderik von Cappelen (21 June 1761 – 3 April 1828) was a Norwegian wholesaler, merchant, shipowner, estate owner and politician in 1814. He is often referred to as Diderik von Cappelen but he spelt his name "Didrich von Cappelen" and is also referred to as Didrik von Cappelen.

neg: Samuel William Manthey Samuel William Manthey (1774 – 4 August 1815) was a Norwegian jurist and politician.

neg: Andreas Hauge Andreas Hauge (12 December 1815 – 13 January 1892) was a Norwegian priest, hymn writer, and Member of Parliament.

neg: Nicolay Peter Drejer Nicolay Peter Dreyer (21 March 1773– 29 April 1808) was a Norwegian military officer with the rank of Captain. He was born in Fosnes. He became a legend during the Battle of Trangen on 25 April 1808, leading his infantry regiment first from a roof, then from a tree stump with the height of a man. The stump was later named after him (Norwegian: "Drejerstubben" ), a series of myths developed after his death, and he became a national symbol in 1814 and in 1905.

neg: Johan Gabriel Richert Johan Gabriel Richert, (24 March 1784 – 2 January 1864), Swedish jurist and politician. He was one of Sweden's most distinguished lawyers during the former half of the 19th century and is regarded as the father of Swedish liberalism. His thinking was mainly influenced by Benthamism, but Richert was also influenced by Kant. Richert played an instrumental role in mid-nineteenth century Sweden legal reform and he was a vocal proponent of the replacement of the Riksdag of the Estates with a unicameral legislature.

neg: Miguel I of Portugal "Dom" Miguel I (] ; English: "Michael I"; 26 October 1802 – 14 November 1866), "the Absolutist" (Portuguese: ""o Absolutista"" ) or "the Traditionalist" (Portuguese: ""o Tradicionalista"" ), was the King of Portugal between 1828 and 1834, the seventh child and third son of King João VI (John VI) and his queen, Carlota Joaquina of Spain.

neg: Treaty of Paris (1810) The Treaty of Paris, signed on 6 January 1810, ended the war between France and Sweden after Sweden's defeat by Russia, an ally of France, in the Finnish War of 1808-1809. Russia had previously been an ally of Sweden in the Third and Fourth Coalitions against France, but after Russia's defeat at Friedland, she joined France and attacked Sweden so as to compel her to join Napoleon's Continental System. Indeed, the primary result of the treaty was Sweden's agreement to join the Continental System, so that Sweden would not trade with the UK. Shortly after the treaty was signed, on 21 August 1810, one of Napoleon's marshals, Jean-Baptiste Bernadotte, was elected crown prince of Sweden, and he went on to found the House of Bernadotte, which remains the Royal House of Sweden. The peace resulting from the treaty lasted until Napoleon's refusal to permit Sweden to annex Norway, which was then under the sovereignty of Denmark, an ally of France. This was followed in January 1812 by French occupation of Swedish Pomerania for violation of the Continental System, since Sweden was still trading with the UK, and, in April, Sweden's conclusion of the Treaty of Petersburg with Russia against France.


query: What is the American animated television searies had Trey Parker as a director and has "Elementary School Musical" as one of its episodes?

pos: Elementary School Musical (South Park) "Elementary School Musical" is the thirteenth episode of the twelfth season of the animated series "South Park", and the 180th episode of the series overall. It originally aired on Comedy Central in the United States on November 12, 2008. In the episode, a new boy at school helps set off an impromptu-singing-and-dancing craze that the boys vow to never go along with, dragging them down into the dregs of unpopularity.

pos: South Park (season 12) The twelfth season of "South Park", an American animated television series created by Trey Parker and Matt Stone, began airing on March 12, 2008. The twelfth season concluded after 14 episodes on November 19, 2008. "Saturday Night Live" cast member Bill Hader is credited as a consultant starting with this season. Parker was the director and writer in this twelfth season. Stone was also the writer on the third episode of the twelfth season.

neg: Big Gay Al's Big Gay Boat Ride "Big Gay Al's Big Gay Boat Ride" is the fourth episode in the first season of the American animated television series "South Park". It originally aired on September 3, 1997 on Comedy Central in the United States. The episode was written by series co-founders Trey Parker and Matt Stone, and directed by Parker. In this episode, Stan's dog, Sparky, is revealed to be gay after humping a rival male dog. Under peer pressure, Stan tries to make him more masculine, and as a result, Sparky runs away and ends up at Big Gay Al's Big Gay Animal Sanctuary. Stan comes to understand homosexuality and tries to make everyone in South Park accept it.

neg: Sponsored Content (South Park) "Sponsored Content" is the eighth episode of the nineteenth season and the 265th overall episode of the animated television series "South Park", written and directed by the series co-creator Trey Parker, and is also the first episode of a three-episode story arc that serves as the season finale. The episode premiered on Comedy Central on November 18, 2015. It parodies the abundance of online advertising, native advertising and clickbaits while humorously linking them to artificial intelligence, while continuing its season-long lampoon of political correctness. The story arc of this episode continues into the following episode "Truth and Advertising" and concludes with the episode "PC Principal Final Justice".

neg: List of Lizzie McGuire episodes The following is a list of episodes of "Lizzie McGuire", a television comedy series that was broadcast on the Disney Channel, an American satellite and cable network aimed at children. The series originally aired from January 12, 2001 to February 14, 2004. The show was created by Terri Minsky and produced by Stan Rogow. The show's target demographic was preteen and teenagers, and was a ratings hit, drawing in 2.3 million viewers per episode. Production was completed in 2002 after the show fulfilled its 65 episode order. The success of the television series led Disney Channel to produce a feature film spin-off based on the show, titled "The Lizzie McGuire Movie".

neg: SpongeBob SquarePants (season 3) The third season of the American animated television series "SpongeBob SquarePants", created by Stephen Hillenburg, aired on Nickelodeon from October 5, 2001 to October 11, 2004, and consists of 20 episodes. The series chronicles the exploits and adventures of the title character and his various friends in the fictional underwater city of Bikini Bottom. The season was executive produced by series creator Hillenburg, who also acted as the showrunner. Hillenburg halted production on the show to work on the 2004 film adaptation of the series, "The SpongeBob SquarePants Movie". After production on the film, Hillenburg resigned from the show as its showrunner, and appointed staff writer Paul Tibbitt to overtake the position. Season 3 was originally set to end the series after the release of the film, but the success prevented the series from ending, leading to a fourth season.

neg: Elementary School Musical (The Simpsons) "Elementary School Musical" is the twenty-second season premiere of the American animated television series "The Simpsons". It originally aired on the Fox network in the United States on September 26, 2010. In this episode, Krusty the Clown invites Homer to the Nobel Peace Prize Ceremony in Oslo, Norway. Later turning out to be a hoax, Krusty is sued by the International Court of Justice for his many instances of public indecency. Meanwhile, Marge takes Lisa to a performing arts camp for a week.

neg: Shimmer and Shine Shimmer and Shine is an American animated children's television series created by Farnaz Esnaashari-Charmatz. It airs on Nickelodeon in the United States and on Treehouse in Canada. The series premiered on August 24, 2015. The show was based on an unreleased pilot from September 2013.

neg: Buffy the Animated Series Buffy the Animated Series is an animated television series concept based on "Buffy the Vampire Slayer" created by Joss Whedon. Initially greenlit by 20th Century Fox in 2002, it went ultimately unproduced and unaired when no network was willing to buy the series. The series would have taken place in the middle of "Buffy" season 1, as writer Jeph Loeb described the continuity as "Episode 7.5".

neg: Best Day Ever "Best Day Ever" is the 20th episode of the fourth season and the 80th overall episode of the American animated television series "SpongeBob SquarePants". The episode was written by Nate Cash, Tuck Tucker, and Steven Banks, and the animation was directed by Larry Leichliter. Cash and Tucker also functioned as storyboard directors. It originally aired on Nickelodeon in the United States on November 10, 2006.

neg: Rolie Polie Olie Rolie Polie Olie is a French-Canadian-American children's television series produced by Nelvana and Sparx*, distributed by Disney, and created by William Joyce, Maggie Swanson, and Anne Wood. The show focuses on a little robot who is composed of several spheres and other three-dimensional geometric shapes. The show was one of the earliest series that was fully animated in CG, and the first CG-animated preschool series. "Rolie Polie Olie" aired reruns on Disney Junior from March 23, 2012–September 28, 2014.

neg: Team Umizoomi Team Umizoomi is an American children's computer animated fantasy musical television series with an emphasis on preschool mathematical concepts, such as counting, sequences, shapes, patterns, measurements, and comparisons. The eponymous team consists of mini superheroes Milli and Geo, a robot named Bot, and the audience who is viewing the show.

neg: The Plucky Duck Show Steven Spielberg Presents The Plucky Duck Show, usually referred to as The Plucky Duck Show, is an animated television series created by Warner Bros. and a short-lived spin-off of "Tiny Toon Adventures" but concentrating attention mainly on Plucky Duck. The show ran for 13 episodes from September 19, 1992 to December 12, 1992.

neg: SpongeBob SquarePants (film series) SpongeBob SquarePants is an American animated/live-action comedy film series based on the Nickelodeon animated television program of the same name, created by Stephen Hillenburg. It began in 2004 with the release of "The SpongeBob SquarePants Movie". The series is distributed and owned by Paramount Pictures, a subsidiary of Nickelodeon's parent company Viacom. All films feature the regular television voice cast: Tom Kenny, Clancy Brown, Rodger Bumpass, Bill Fagerbakke, Mr. Lawrence, Jill Talley, Carolyn Lawrence, Mary Jo Catlett and Lori Alan. The first installment was directed by Hillenburg, and all subsequent films were directed by former showrunner Paul Tibbitt.

neg: List of the Fresh Beat Band episodes "The Fresh Beat Band" is an American preschool television series created by Scott Kraft and Nadine van der Velde. The series premiered on Nickelodeon in the United States on August 24, 2009, and aired episodes on Nickelodeon and Nick Jr. through December 7, 2013. The series ran for three seasons of 60 episodes and one concert special.

neg: It's a SpongeBob Christmas! "It's a SpongeBob Christmas!" is the 23rd episode of the eighth season, and the 175th episode overall, of the American animated television series "SpongeBob SquarePants". It originally aired on CBS in the United States on November 23, 2012, and on Nickelodeon on December 6. In the special, Plankton tries to convince SpongeBob to transform everybody in Bikini Bottom into jerks by feeding them his special jerktonium-laced fruitcakes in order to get his Christmas wishthe Krabby Patty secret formula.

neg: SpongeBob SquarePants (season 4) The fourth season of the American animated television series "SpongeBob SquarePants", created by former marine biologist and animator Stephen Hillenburg, aired on Nickelodeon from May 6, 2005 to July 24, 2007, and contained 20 episodes, beginning with the episodes "Fear of a Krabby Patty" and "Shell of a Man". The series chronicles the exploits and adventures of the title character and his various friends in the fictional underwater city of Bikini Bottom. The season was executive produced by series creator Hillenburg, while writer Paul Tibbitt acted as the supervising/co-executive producer and showrunner. The show underwent a hiatus on television as Hillenburg halted the production in 2002 to work on the film adaptation of the series, "The SpongeBob SquarePants Movie". Once the film was finalized and the previous season had completed broadcast on television, Hillenburg wanted to end the show, but the success of the series led to more episodes, so Tibbitt took over Hillenburg's position as showrunner and began working on a fourth season for broadcast in 2005. Hillenburg remained with the show, but in a smaller advisory role in which he reviewed each episode and offered suggestions to the show's production crew.

neg: Teenage Mutant Ninja Turtles (2012 TV series) Teenage Mutant Ninja Turtles (also known as Tales of the Teenage Mutant Ninja Turtles for its fifth season) is an American 3D rendered computer animated television series. It premiered on Nickelodeon in the United States on September 29, 2012. It is the third animated "Teenage Mutant Ninja Turtles" television series. It is produced by Nickelodeon Animation Studio. Composer Sebastian Evans provides the show's score.

neg: Sarah de Gaudemar Sarah de Gaudemar, also known professionally as Sarah E. Meyer, is an animator who has worked on the animated television series "Moral Orel", "Robot Chicken" (for which she won an Emmy in 2006), "Green Screen Show", "Phantom Investigators", "Gary & Mike", "The PJs", and "Celebrity Deathmatch", and the feature film "Davey & Goliath's Snowboard Christmas".

neg: South Park (season 5) Season five of "South Park", an American animated television series created by Trey Parker and Matt Stone, began airing on June 20, 2001. The fifth season concluded after 14 episodes on December 12, 2001. The 14-episode season length would become a standard for later years of the series (up until the seventeenth season).

neg: Ice Age: The Great Egg-Scapade Ice Age: The Great Egg-Scapade is a 2016 American computer-animated television special, produced by Blue Sky Studios and directed by Ricardo Curtis. It premiered on Fox during the Easter season. Most of the actors reprise their roles from the previous installments except Aziz Ansari, whose role as Squint was replaced by Seth Green.

neg: Little Big Awesome Little Big Awesome is an American animated TV series created by Tomi Dieguez in 2016. The series centers around characters Gluko, a shapeshifting pink bouncy jelly blob, Lennon, Gluko’s beanie-toting best friend, Mr. Sprinkles (a kitty with an eye patch), Little Bubble, and Gluko’s grandmother. The sires incorporates various forms of mixed media, including puppets, 2-D animation, and live action, all against an animated backdrop.


query: For actions on what date did Ty Carter receive the Medal of Honor?

pos: Ty Carter Ty Michael Carter (born January 25, 1980) is a United States Army soldier and Medal of Honor recipient. He was awarded the United States of America's highest military honor for his actions at the 2009 Battle of Kamdesh in Afghanistan. Carter left active duty in September 2014.

pos: Battle of Kamdesh The Battle of Kamdesh took place during the War in Afghanistan (2001–2014). It occurred on October 3, 2009, when a force of 300 Taliban assaulted the American Combat Outpost ("COP") Keating near the town of Kamdesh of Nuristan province in eastern Afghanistan. The attack was the bloodiest battle for US forces since the Battle of Wanat in July 2008, which occurred 20 mi away from Kamdesh. The attack on COP Keating resulted in 8 Americans killed and 27 wounded whilst the Taliban suffered an estimated 150 killed.

neg: Benjamin Franklin Falls Benjamin Franklin Falls (July 1, 1824 - May 12, 1864) was a Medal of Honor recipient, an honor he received for his actions during the American Civil War.

neg: Benjamin Swearer Benjamin Swearer (May 18, 1825 – November 2, 1902) was a United States Navy sailor and a recipient of the United States military's highest decoration—the Medal of Honor—for his actions in the American Civil War.

neg: John N. Reese Jr. John Noah Reese Jr. (June 13, 1923 – February 9, 1945) was a United States Army soldier and a recipient of the United States military's highest decoration—the Medal of Honor—for his actions in World War II.

neg: Deming Bronson Deming Bronson (July 8, 1894 – May 29, 1957) was a United States Army officer who received the United States military's highest award, the Medal of Honor, for his actions in World War I.

neg: James Anderson Jr. Private First Class James Anderson Jr. (January 22, 1947 – February 28, 1967) was a United States Marine who posthumously received the Medal of Honor for heroism while serving in Vietnam in February 1967. When his Medal of Honor was awarded on August 21, 1967, he became the first African-American U.S. Marine recipient of the Medal of Honor.

neg: Orren Bennett Private Orren Bennett was an American soldier who fought in the American Civil War. Bennett received the country's highest award for bravery during combat, the Medal of Honor, for his action during the Battle of Sayler's Creek in Virginia on 6 April 1865. He was honored with the award on 10 May 1865.

neg: Thomas R. Norris Thomas Rolland Norris (born January 14, 1944) is a retired United States Navy SEAL who received the Medal of Honor for his ground rescue with the assistance of Petty Officer Third Class Nguyen Van Kiet of two downed pilots in Quang Tri Province, Vietnam on April 10–13, 1972. At the time of the action, Lieutenant Norris was a SEAL Advisor with the Strategic Technical Directorate Assistance (STDA) Team. The STDA was known as Studies and Observations Group prior to 1971.

neg: Jake W. Lindsey Jake William Lindsey, Sr., (May 1, 1921 – July 18, 1988) was a United States Army soldier and a recipient of the United States military's highest decoration—the Medal of Honor—for his actions in World War II.

neg: Duane E. Dewey Duane Edgar Dewey (born November 16, 1931) is a former American combat Marine. He received the U.S. military's highest decoration for valor, the Medal of Honor, for his actions on April 16, 1952 during the Korean War. Although wounded by an enemy grenade, he smothered another exploding grenade with his own body to save the life of a corpsman and the other Marines around him.

neg: Webster Anderson Webster Anderson (July 15, 1933 – August 30, 2003) was a United States Army soldier and a recipient of America's highest military decoration—the Medal of Honor—for his actions in the Vietnam War.

neg: Dale Eugene Wayrynen Dale Eugene Wayrynen (January 18, 1947 – May 18, 1967) was a United States Army enlisted soldier and a recipient of America's highest military decoration — the Medal of Honor — for his actions in the Vietnam War.

neg: Truman Kimbro Truman Carol Kimbro (May 27, 1919 – December 19, 1944) was a United States Army soldier and a recipient of the United States military's highest decoration—the Medal of Honor—for his actions in World War II.

neg: Daniel A. Dorsey Daniel Allen Dorsey (December 31, 1838 – May 10, 1918) was an American soldier who fought in the American Civil War. Dorsey received the country's highest award for bravery during combat, the Medal of Honor, for his action during the Great Locomotive Chase in Georgia (U.S. state) in April 1862. He was honored with the award on 17 September 1863.

neg: Brian Thacker Brian Miles Thacker (born April 25, 1945) is a former United States Army officer and a recipient of the United States military's highest decoration—the Medal of Honor—for his actions in the Vietnam War.

neg: Orson W. Bennett First Lieutenant Orson W. Bennett (November 17, 1841 – January 8, 1904) was an American soldier who fought in the American Civil War. Bennett received the country's highest award for bravery during combat, the Medal of Honor, for his action at Honey Hill, South Carolina on 30 November 1864. He was honored with the award on 9 March 1887.

neg: Kenneth D. Bailey Kenneth Dillon Bailey (October 21, 1910 – September 26, 1942) was a United States Marine Corps officer who posthumously received the Medal of Honor for heroic conduct during action during the Battle of Guadalcanal in the Solomon Islands. He also earned the Silver Star Medal during the initial landing on Tulagi in the Solomon Islands and the Purple Heart.

neg: Richard A. Penry Richard Allen Penry (November 18, 1948 – May 9, 1994) was a United States Army soldier and a recipient of the United States military's highest decoration—the Medal of Honor—for his actions in the Vietnam War.

neg: Thomas Kendrick (Medal of Honor) Thomas Kendrick (born 1839, date of death unknown) was a Union Navy sailor in the American Civil War and a recipient of the U.S. military's highest decoration, the Medal of Honor, for his actions at the Battle of Mobile Bay.

neg: Carmel Bernon Harvey Jr. Carmel Bernon Harvey Jr. (October 6, 1946–June 21, 1967) was a United States Army soldier and a recipient of the United States military's highest decoration—the Medal of Honor—for his actions in the Vietnam War.

neg: Charles B. Morris Charles Bedford Morris (December 29, 1931 – August 22, 1996) was a United States Army soldier and a recipient of the United States military's highest decoration—the Medal of Honor—for his actions in the Vietnam War.


query: Who is a computer scientist, Anatoly Karatsuba or Leonid Levin?

pos: Anatoly Karatsuba Anatoly Alexeevitch Karatsuba (Russian: Анато́лий Алексе́евич Карацу́ба ; Grozny, Soviet Union, January 31, 1937 – Moscow, Russia, September 28, 2008) was a Russian mathematician working in the field of analytic number theory, "p"-adic numbers and Dirichlet series.

pos: Leonid Levin Leonid Anatolievich Levin ( ; Russian: Леони́д Анато́льевич Ле́вин ; Ukrainian: Леоні́д Анато́лійович Ле́він ; born November 2, 1948) is a Soviet-American computer scientist.

neg: Gad Landau Gad Menahem Landau (born 1954) is an Israeli computer scientist noted for his contributions to combinatorial pattern matching and string algorithms and is the founding department chair of the Computer Science Department at the University of Haifa.

neg: Genamii Nokolaevich Dulnev Gennadiy Nikolaevich Dulnev (Russian: Ду́льнев Генна́дий Никола́евич , 3 May 1927, Novokubansk—11 December 2012 Saint Petersburg ) Professor, PHd. Was LITMO University elected chancellor. Professor of Computational Thermal Physics and Electrophysical Monitoring Department of ITMO. A member of Russian Academy of Natural Sciences

neg: Sergei Leonov Sergei Alexandrovich Leonov — Russian journalists, senior editor and an important author of «Computerra» weekly. He is the author of numerous articles about IT and modern science.

neg: Anatoly Zinevich Anatoly Vladimirovich Zinevich (Ukrainian: Анатолій Володимирович Зіневич ) (20 November 1932 - 1 August 2000) was a Soviet, and later Armenian General-Lieutenant of Ukrainian origin, for whom "Armenia became the second homeland." He was one of the commanders of Nagorno-Karabakh Defense Army.

neg: Dimitris Anastassiou Dimitris Anastassiou is an electrical engineer and Charles Batchelor Professor of Electrical Engineering in the Columbia University School of Engineering. Anastassiou's earlier work focuses primarily on signal and information processing and reverse engineering. His more recent work involves interdisciplinary research, specifically in systems biology, with investigators at Columbia University Medical Center. Anastassiou is Fellow of the IEEE as well as Fellow of the National Academy of Inventors and recipient of both the National Science Foundation Presidential Young Investigator Award and the IBM Outstanding Innovation Award.

neg: Leonid Kerber Leonid Lvovich Kerber ( Körber) (Russian: Леони́д Льво́вич Ке́рбер ) (June 17, 1903— October 9, 1993) was a Soviet radioengineer, expert in aviation equipment, long-time co-worker of Andrei Tupolev and his deputy during 1953-1968.

neg: Yuri Zhuravlyov (mathematician) Yuri Ivanovich Zhuravlyov (Russian: Юрий Иванович Журавлёв ; born 14 January 1935 in Voronezh) is a Russian mathematician specializing in the algebraic theory of algorithms. His research in applied mathematics and computer science has become foundational for a number of specialties within discrete mathematics, pattern recognition, and predictive analysis. Zhuravlev is a full member of the Russian Academy of Sciences and the chairman of its "Applied Mathematics and Informatics" section. He is also the Editor-in-Chief of the international journal "Pattern Recognition and Image Analysis".

neg: Alexander Kuzemsky Alexander Leonidovich Kuzemsky (Russian: Александр Леонидович Куземский ; born 1944) is a Russian (and former Soviet) theoretical physicist.

neg: Oleg Matveychev Oleg Anatol'evich Matveychev (Russian: Олег Анатольевич Матвейчев, born 1 February 1970) is a Russian politician and spin doctor for the Kremlin. He is currently a professor at National Research University – Higher School of Economics in Moscow. Matveychev has published various books on politics and public relations.

neg: Rick Levin Richard Charles Levin (born April 7, 1947) is an economist and academic administrator. From 1993 to 2013, he was the 22nd President of Yale University. In March 2014, he became Chief Executive Officer of Coursera.

neg: David Khorol David Moiseevich Khorol (Russian: Давид Моисеевич Хорол ) (February 4, 1920 — February 19, 1990) was Soviet Jewish mathematician and aviation and rocket designer, professor, "doktor" of technical sciences. His last position was deputy general director of the Central Design Bureau "Geophysics" (ЦКБ «Геофизика»), known for its rocket design.

neg: Aleksandr Leonidovich Zaitsev Aleksandr Leonidovich Zaitsev (Russian: Александр Леонидович Зайцев ; born May 19, 1945) is a Russian and Soviet radio engineer and astronomer from Fryazino. He works on radar astronomy devices, near-Earth asteroid radar research, and SETI.

neg: Vladimir Levin Vladimir Leonidovitch Levin (Владимир Леонидович Левин) is a Russian individual famed for his involvement in the attempt to fraudulently transfer USD 10.7 million via Citibank's computers.

neg: Barry Leiba Barry Leiba (born 1957) is a computer scientist and software researcher. He retired from IBM's Thomas J. Watson Research Center in Hawthorne, New York in February 2009, and now works for Huawei Technologies as a Standards Manager. His work has focused for many years on electronic mail and anti-spam technology, on mobile computing, and on Internet standards.

neg: Alexander Lubotzky Professor Alexander Lubotzky (Hebrew: אלכסנדר לובוצקי  , born 28 June 1956) is an Israeli mathematician and former politician. A former head of the Mathematics Institute at the Hebrew University of Jerusalem, he served as a member of the Knesset for The Third Way party between 1996 and 1999.

neg: Anatole Katok Anatole Borisovich Katok (Russian: Анатолий Борисович Каток ; born August 9, 1944 in Washington DC) is an American mathematician with Russian origins. Katok is the Director of the Center for Dynamics and Geometry at the Pennsylvania State University.

neg: Jonathan Bowen Jonathan P. Bowen FBCS FRSA (born 1956) is a British computer scientist.

neg: Sergey Yablonsky Sergey Vsevolodovich Yablonsky (Russian: Серге́й Все́володович Ябло́нский, 6 December 1924 – 26 May 1998) was a Soviet and Russian mathematician, one of the founders of the Soviet school of mathematical cybernetics and discrete mathematics. He is the author of a number of classic results on synthesis, reliability, and classification of control systems (Russian: Управляющие системы ), the term used in the USSR and Russia for a generalization of finite state automata, Boolean circuits and multi-valued logic circuits. (The term is ambiguous, since conventionally in the West control systems is understood as an engineering discipline. The ambiguity stems from the fact that the names of the two disciplines that differ in Russian, namely "Системы управления" and "Управляющие системы", are both translated into English as "control systems".)

neg: Emmanuel David Tannenbaum Emmanuel David Tannenbaum (June 28, 1978 – May 28, 2012) was an Israeli/American biophysicist and applied mathematician. He worked as a professor and researcher in the Department of Chemistry at the Ben-Gurion University of the Negev and the Department of Biology at the Georgia Institute of Technology, specializing in the fields of mathematical biology, systems biology, and quantum physics.

neg: Julia Chuzhoy Julia Chuzhoy is an Israeli mathematician and computer scientist at the Toyota Technological Institute at Chicago, known for her research on approximation algorithms and graph theory.


query: George William John Reston was a member of both St Albans and than for who

pos: George Repton George William John Repton (1818 – 30 August 1906) was a British Conservative Party politician who held a seat in the House of Commons for most of the period from 1841 to 1885, first as a Member of Parliament (MP) for St Albans and then for Warwick.

pos: St Albans (UK Parliament constituency) St Albans is a constituency represented in the House of Commons of the UK Parliament since 2005 by Anne Main, a Conservative.

neg: Chiswell Green Chiswell Green is an area, originally a village, to the south of St Albans, in the parish of St Stephen and district of City of St Albans in Hertfordshire. It has a population of approximately 2,800. It is in the civil parish of St. Stephen.

neg: Henry Dwight Holton Henry Dwight Holton (1838–1917), was an American physician from Vermont, known for his efforts to improve public health through better sanitation and disease monitoring. He was professor of therapeutics and general pathology in the medical department of the University of Vermont from 1873 to 1886, treasurer for nine years of the American Public Health Association and president of that body in 1901-2, president of the Vermont Medical Society and vice president of the American Medical Association, one of the founders and president of the board of trustees of the Pan-American Medical Congress, and secretary of the Vermont Board of Health. He was elected to the Vermont Senate in 1884 and General Assembly in 1888.

neg: St Albans, Victoria St Albans is a suburb 15 km north-west of Melbourne, Victoria, Australia, located within the City of Brimbank local government area. St Albans recorded a population of 37,309 at the 2016 Census.

neg: St. Alban's Tavern group The St. Alban's Tavern group was an informal association of 78 British Members of Parliament who aimed to bring about a reconciliation of William Pitt the Younger and Charles James Fox in a unified Ministry. They were named after the St. Alban's Tavern where the members met from January 1784.

neg: St Albans Centurions St Albans Centurions is a rugby league club based in St Albans, Hertfordshire. The club plays their home games at Toulmin Drive, St Albans and their clubhouse is in High Oaks, St Albans.

neg: Oliver Locker-Lampson Commander Oliver Stillingfleet Locker-Lampson, CMG, DSO (25 September 1880 (Belgravia, London) – 8 October 1954 (Kensington, London)) was a British politician and naval officer. He was Member of Parliament (MP) for Ramsey, Huntingdonshire and Birmingham Handsworth from 1910 to 1945 as a Conservative.

neg: St Albans by-election, 1919 The St Albans by-election of 1919 was a parliamentary by-election held in England in December 1919 for the House of Commons constituency of St Albans in Hertfordshire.

neg: Liberty of St Albans The Liberty of St Albans was a liberty situated within Hertfordshire, but enjoying the powers of an independent county. It was originally associated with the abbey of St Albans, and later with the borough corporation. It was absorbed by Hertfordshire in 1874. It was also known as the Hundred of Cashio.

neg: John St. John (MP for Bletchingley) John St. John (c.1505-76), of Lydiard Tregoz, Wiltshire, Farley Chamberlayne, Hampshire and Ewell, Surrey, was an English politician.

neg: Sir William Godolphin, 1st Baronet Sir William Godolphin, 1st Baronet (c. 1640 – 27 August 1710), of Godolphin in Cornwall, was an English land owner, politician, and Member of Parliament. He was the eldest son of Sir Francis Godolphin, KB, who had been a Member of Parliament until being barred from sitting because of his Royalist sympathies during the Civil War, and who after the Restoration was knighted in reward for his loyalty. Probably also in token of Sir Francis's services, William was created a baronet on 29 April 1661.

neg: George Taylor Ramsden George Taylor Ramsden (6 April 1879 – 9 October 1936) was a British parliamentarian.

neg: William Courtenay (died 1557) Sir William Courtenay (c. 1529 – 29 September 1557) was a landowner in Devon. He was the son of George Courtenay (died 1533), who predeceased his own father, by his wife Catherine St Ledger, daughter of Sir George St Ledger of Annery. He succeeded his grandfather Sir William Courtenay (1477 – 1535), of Powderham in 1535. He was knighted in 1553 and elected to Parliament for Plympton in 1555.

neg: St Albans City and District Council election, 2011 St Albans City and District Council election, 2011

neg: Bishop of St Albans The Bishop of St Albans is the Ordinary of the Church of England Diocese of St Albans in the Province of Canterbury. The bishop is supported in his work by two suffragan bishops, the Bishop of Hertford and the Bishop of Bedford, and three archdeacons.

neg: Martin Caton Martin Philip Caton (born 15 June 1951) is a British Labour Party politician who was the Member of Parliament (MP) for Gower from 1997 to 2015.

neg: Sir James Sanderson, 1st Baronet Sir James Sanderson, 1st Baronet (30 December 1741 – 21 June 1798) was a banker, a member of parliament, an alderman and Lord Mayor of London. He also served as president of Bridewell Hospital (now a school), and was a member of William Wilberforce's Proclamation Society for the "Discouragement of Vice".

neg: Timothy Kitson Sir Timothy Peter Geoffrey Kitson (born 28 January 1931) is a British Conservative politician who was Member of Parliament for Richmond, North Yorkshire. He was first elected in the 1959 general election, and stood down at the 1983 general election.

neg: Electoral district of St Albans The Electoral district of St Albans is an electoral district of the Victorian Legislative Assembly. It has existed in 2 incarnations, first from 1985 to 1992, and was created again in the 2013 redistribution and came into effect at the 2014 state election.

neg: William Loton Sir William Thorley Loton (11 June 1838 – 22 October 1924), was an Australian politician.

neg: George Read (New Zealand politician) George Edward Read (1814 – 23 February 1878) was a 19th-century Member of Parliament from the Gisborne Region of New Zealand.


query: George Nolfi directed what science fiction thriller film that was produced by Chris Moore and stars Matt Damon and who?

pos: George Nolfi George Nolfi is an American screenwriter, producer and director. He directed the 2011 film "The Adjustment Bureau", which he also wrote (adapted from a short story by Philip K. Dick).

pos: The Adjustment Bureau The Adjustment Bureau is a 2011 American science fiction thriller film loosely based on the Philip K. Dick short story, "Adjustment Team". The film was written and directed by George Nolfi, produced by Chris Moore and stars Matt Damon and Emily Blunt. The cast also includes Anthony Mackie, John Slattery, Michael Kelly, and Terence Stamp. The film tells the story of a young man who discovers that what appear to be chance events in his life are controlled by a technologically advanced intelligence network. After an event not planned by these controllers occurs – a romantic encounter with a young dancer – he struggles against their manipulation despite their promise of a great future for him.

neg: Inconceivable (2017 film) Inconceivable is an 2017 American thriller film directed by Jonathan Baker and written by Chloe King. It stars Gina Gershon, Faye Dunaway, Nicolas Cage, and Natalie Eva Marie. The film was released on June 30, 2017, by Lionsgate Premiere.

neg: Dreamcatcher (2003 film) Dreamcatcher is a 2003 American science fiction horror film based on Stephen King's novel of the same name. Directed by Lawrence Kasdan and co-written by Kasdan and screenwriter William Goldman, the film stars Damian Lewis, Thomas Jane, Jason Lee and Timothy Olyphant as four friends who encounter an invasion of parasitic aliens.

neg: No Place (film) No Place is a drama-thriller film written, directed and independently produced by Cive Frayne and Steve O'Brien, who was also the Cinematographer. It was filmed in Northumberland, North East of England.

neg: No Pressure (film) No Pressure is a 2010 short film produced by the global warming mitigation campaign , written by Richard Curtis and Franny Armstrong, and directed by Dougal Wilson. Intended for cinema and television advertisements, "No Pressure" is composed of scenes in which a variety of people in every-day situations are graphically blown to pieces for failing to be sufficiently enthusiastic about the 10:10 campaign to reduce CO emissions. The film's makers said that they viewed "No Pressure" as "a funny and satirical tongue-in-cheek little film in the over-the-top style of Monty Python or South Park". Before its release, "The Guardian" described it as "attention-grabbing" and "pretty edgy."

neg: The Last Mimzy The Last Mimzy is a 2007 American science fiction adventure drama film directed by Robert Shaye and loosely adapted from the 1943 science fiction short story "Mimsy Were the Borogoves" by Lewis Padgett (the pseudonym of husband and wife team Henry Kuttner and C. L. Moore). The film features Timothy Hutton, Joely Richardson, Rainn Wilson, Kathryn Hahn, Michael Clarke Duncan, and introducing Rhiannon Leigh Wryn as seven-year-old Emma Wilder and Chris O’Neil as ten-year-old Noah.

neg: Deranged (2012 film) Deranged () is a 2012 South Korean science fiction thriller film starring Kim Myung-min, Kim Dong-wan, Moon Jung-hee and Lee Ha-nui. Korea's first film on an infectious disease epidemic, it was directed by Park Jung-woo, and produced by Lim Ji-young and Oz One Film. Distributed by CJ E&M, the film was released on July 5, 2012 and runs at 109 minutes.

neg: Sunshine (2007 film) Sunshine is a 2007 British-American science fiction thriller film directed by Danny Boyle. The film was adapted from a screenplay written by Alex Garland about the crew of a spacecraft on a dangerous mission to the Sun. In 2057, with the Earth in peril from the dying Sun, the crew is sent on a mission to reignite the star with a nuclear bomb that has a mass equivalent to Manhattan Island. The script was based on a scientific back-story that took the characters on a psychological journey. The director cast a group of international actors for the film, and had the actors live together and learn about topics related to their roles, as a form of method acting. To have the actors realistically react to visual effects that would be implemented in post-production, the filmmakers constructed live sets to serve as cues. The ensemble cast features Cillian Murphy, Chris Evans, Rose Byrne, Michelle Yeoh, Cliff Curtis, Troy Garity, Hiroyuki Sanada, Benedict Wong, and Chipo Chung.

neg: Deadland Deadland is a 2009 American science fiction film directed by Damon O'Steen, written by Gary Weeks, and starring Weeks, Brian Tee, and William Katt as survivors in a post-apocalyptic society five years after the United States is destroyed in a nuclear holocaust.

neg: Charlie Countryman Charlie Countryman (originally known as "The Necessary Death of Charlie Countryman") is a 2013 American-Romanian psychological romantic comedy-drama film directed by Fredrik Bond in his directorial debut, written by Matt Drake, and starring Shia LaBeouf, Evan Rachel Wood and Mads Mikkelsen.

neg: The Fan (1996 film) The Fan is a 1996 American sports thriller film directed by Tony Scott, and starring Robert De Niro and Wesley Snipes. The film is based on the novel by Peter Abrahams. "The Fan" is a psychological thriller that revolves around the sport of baseball, exploring the overt dedication of some of its followers.

neg: The Conspiracy (2012 film) The Conspiracy is a 2012 Canadian found footage psychological horror-thriller film written and directed by Christopher MacBride. It features actors Aaron Poole, James Gilbert, Alan C. Peterson, and Julian Richings. It tells the story of two documentary filmmakers who set out to create a film about a conspiracy theorist named "Terrance G" who disappears during the making of the film. The two filmmakers are subsequently drawn into the world of a global syndicate whose aims and machinations are clouded in secrecy.

neg: Christine (1983 film) Christine is a 1983 American horror film directed by John Carpenter and starring Keith Gordon, John Stockwell, Alexandra Paul, and Harry Dean Stanton. The film also features supporting performances from Roberts Blossom and Kelly Preston. Written by Bill Phillips and based on the novel of the same name by Stephen King, the plot follows a sentient and violent vintage Plymouth Fury named Christine, and its effects on the car's new teenage owner.

neg: Brotherhood (2010 film) Brotherhood is a 2010 American thriller film directed by Will Canon and co-written by Doug Simon and Canon. The film is about a fraternity initiation that goes horribly wrong and stars Jon Foster, Trevor Morgan, Arlen Escarpeta and Lou Taylor Pucci. "Brotherhood" premiered at the 2010 SXSW Film Festival where it won the festival's Audience Award.

neg: Midnight Special (film) Midnight Special is a 2016 American science fiction film written and directed by Jeff Nichols, and produced by Sarah Green and Brian Kavanaugh-Jones. The film stars Michael Shannon, Joel Edgerton, Kirsten Dunst, Adam Driver, Jaeden Lieberher and Sam Shepard. It is Nichols' fourth full-length film and his first studio production. It was selected to compete for the Golden Bear at the 66th Berlin International Film Festival.

neg: Cardinals (film) Cardinals is a 2017 Canadian thriller film directed by Grayson Moore and Aidan Shipley. It was screened in the Discovery section at the 2017 Toronto International Film Festival.

neg: 2036: Nexus Dawn 2036: Nexus Dawn (known in Chinese and Taiwanese territories as 2036: Clone Era, 2036: Chain Dawn, or 2036: Copy of the Times; alteratively known as Blade Runner 2036) is a 2017 American neo-noir science fiction short film acting as a prequel to the feature film "Blade Runner 2049"; it was released on August 30, 2017, less than two months before the release of the feature film, and features Jared Leto as "Blade Runner 2049" character Niander Wallace, alongside Benedict Wong. The film was written by Hampton Fancher and Michael Green, who also wrote the feature film, and directed by Luke Scott, whose father Ridley Scott directed the original "Blade Runner" and is executive producer on the sequel "Blade Runner 2049".

neg: Andy Weir Andrew Taylor Weir (born June 16, 1972) is an American novelist whose debut novel, "The Martian", was later adapted into a film of the same name directed by Ridley Scott in 2015. He also worked as a computer programmer for much of his life. He received the John W. Campbell Award for Best New Writer in 2016.

neg: Dogma (film) Dogma is a 1999 American fantasy comedy film, written and directed by Kevin Smith, who also stars along with Ben Affleck, Matt Damon, Linda Fiorentino, Alan Rickman, Bud Cort, Salma Hayek, Chris Rock, Jason Lee, George Carlin, Janeane Garofalo, Alanis Morissette, and Jason Mewes. It is the fourth film in Smith's View Askewniverse series. Brian O'Halloran and Jeff Anderson, stars of the first Askewniverse film "Clerks", appear in the film, as do Smith regulars Scott Mosier, Dwight Ewell, Walt Flanagan, and Bryan Johnson.

neg: Fright Night (2011 film) Fright Night is a 2011 American comedy horror film directed by Craig Gillespie, and produced by Michael De Luca and Alison Rosenzweig. A remake of Tom Holland's "Fright Night", the film's screenplay was adapted by Marti Noxon. The plot follows a teenage boy who discovers that his neighbor is actually a vampire, which culminates to a battle between the two. The film held its world premiere at The O2 in London on August 14, 2011. It was produced by DreamWorks Pictures and Reliance Entertainment, and was released in the United States by Touchstone Pictures on August 19, 2011 in Real D 3D.

neg: JR Bourne David Bourne (born April 8, 1970), known professionally as JR Bourne, is a Canadian actor, best known for his roles as Martouf from "Stargate SG-1" and Chris Argent from "Teen Wolf". He had a recurring role in the second season of the ABC soap opera "Revenge", and portrayed a CIA agent on Fox's sci-fi TV series "Fringe". As of late summer 2017, he was appearing opposite Paula Patton in the ABC mystery limited drama series "Somewhere Between".


query: What type of volcano is this volcano on the island of Hawaii where Lake Waiau is found?

pos: Lake Waiau Lake Waiau is a high-elevation lake located at 3970 m above sea level on Mauna Kea, on the island of Hawaiʻi. It is arguably one of the highest lakes in the USA, and one of very few lakes at all in the state of Hawaiʻi. It is relatively small, only about 100 m across, and varies in size as the water level rises and falls. At high water levels a small outlet stream appears at the northwest end, but it is absorbed into the ground after a short distance. The name means "swirling water" in Hawaiian, though it is usually rather placid. It usually freezes in winter, but aquatic insects such as midges and beetles can be found breeding in the water.

pos: Mauna Kea Mauna Kea ( or , ] ), is a dormant volcano on the island of Hawaii. Standing 4207 m above sea level, its peak is the highest point in the state of Hawaii. Much of the mountain is under water; when measured from its oceanic base, Mauna Kea is over 10000 m tall and is the tallest mountain on Earth. Mauna Kea is about a million years old, and has thus passed the most active shield stage of life hundreds of thousands of years ago. In its current post-shield state, its lava is more viscous, resulting in a steeper profile. Late volcanism has also given it a much rougher appearance than its neighboring volcanoes; contributing factors include the construction of cinder cones, the decentralization of its rift zones, the glaciation on its peak, and the weathering effects of the prevailing trade winds. Mauna Kea last erupted 6,000 to 4,000 years ago and is now considered dormant.

neg: Volcan Rumoka Volcan Rumoka, also known as Rumoka and Le Rumoka, is a cinder cone volcano in the Virunga Mountains in Nord Kivu, Democratic Republic of the Congo (formerly known as Zaire). The volcano is a minor satellite cone on the flanks of the massive shield volcano of Nyamuragira. It is located about 16 km (10 mi) south of Nyamuragira's caldera.

neg: Tantalus (Oahu) Mount Tantalus (Puu-ohia), is an extinct cinder cone in the southern Koʻ olau Range on the Hawaiian Island of Oʻ ahu. It also has a summit crater, Tantalus Crater. The cinder cone formed after the demise of Koʻ olau Volcano, during a time of rejuvenated stage volcanism in southeastern Oʻ ahu that also formed Punchbowl Crater, Diamond Head and Koko Head. Tantalus overlooks the modern city of Honolulu, which is built on top of Tantalus cinders.

neg: Klawasi group The Klawasi group is a cluster of three large mud volcanoes on the western flank of Mount Drum, a Pleistocene stratovolcano in the Wrangell Mountains of east-central Alaska in the United States. The cluster includes the Upper Klawasi, the Lower Klawasi and the Shrub.

neg: North Island Volcanic Plateau The North Island Volcanic Plateau (often called the Central Plateau and occasionally the Waimarino Plateau) is a volcanic plateau covering much of central North Island of New Zealand with volcanoes, lava plateaus, and crater lakes.

neg: 1975 Hawaii earthquake The 1975 Hawaii earthquake occurred on November 29 with a moment magnitude of 7.4 and a maximum Mercalli intensity of VIII ("Severe"). The shock affected several of the Hawaiian Islands and resulted in the deaths of two people and up to 28 injured. Significant damage occurred in the southern part of the Big Island totaling $4–4.1 million and it also triggered a small brief eruption of Kilauea volcano.

neg: Nabukelevu Nabukelevu is a volcano located on the southwest portion of Kadavu Island in Fiji. It is 805 m tall, and last erupted around 1660. It has formed lava domes

neg: 2009 Tonga undersea volcanic eruption The 2009 Tonga undersea volcanic eruption began on March 16, 2009, near the island of Hunga Tonga, approximately 11 km from the Tongan capital of Tongatapu. The volcano is in a highly active volcanic region that represents a portion of the Pacific Ring of Fire. It is estimated that there are up to 36 undersea volcanoes clustered together in the area.

neg: Hawaiian eruption A Hawaiian eruption is a type of volcanic eruption where lava flows from the vent in a relatively gentle, low level eruption; it is so named because it is characteristic of Hawaiian volcanoes. Typically they are effusive eruptions, with basaltic magmas of low viscosity, low content of gases, and high temperature at the vent. Very little amounts of volcanic ash are produced. This type of eruption occurs most often at hotspot volcanoes such as Kīlauea on Hawaii's big island and in Iceland, though it can occur near subduction zones (e.g. Medicine Lake Volcano in California, United States) and rift zones. Another example of Hawaiian eruptions occurred on the island of Surtsey in Iceland from 1964 to 1967, when molten lava flowed from the crater to the sea.

neg: Ok (volcano) Ok (1198m) is a shield volcano in Iceland, to the west of Langjökull. It erupted during interglacials in the Pleistocene. The glacier on top is thought to have disappeared.

neg: Kaʻū Desert The Kaʻ ū Desert is a leeward desert in the district of Kaʻ ū, the southernmost district on the Big Island of Hawaii, and is made up mostly of dried lava remnants, volcanic ash, sand and gravel. The desert covers an area of the Kīlauea Volcano along the Southwest rift zone. The area lacks any vegetation, mainly due to acid rainfall.

neg: Pogromni Volcano Pogromni Volcano is a stratovolcano on Unimak Island in the Aleutian Islands. Near it are 5 cinder cones, and a mountain called Pogromni's Sister.

neg: Taal Lake Taal Lake, formerly known as Bombón Lake, is a freshwater lake in the province of Batangas, on the island of Luzon in the Philippines. The lake fills Taal Caldera, a large volcanic caldera formed by very large eruptions between 500,000 and 100,000 years ago. It is the country's third largest lake after Laguna de Bay and Lake Lanao. Volcano Island, the location of Taal Volcano's historical eruptions and responsible for the lake's sulfuric content, lies near the center of the lake. There is a crater lake on Volcano Island. Known as the Yellow Lake or the Main Crater Lake, it contains its own small island, Vulcan Point. Vulcan Point was thought to be the largest third order island in the world but Treasure Island (Ontario) is much bigger and is thought to be the world largest, and is also on a freshwater lake.

neg: Inferno Crater Lake Inferno Crater Lake is a large hot spring located in the Waimangu Volcanic Rift Valley on the North Island of New Zealand, and the largest geyser-like feature in the world. The actual geyser is not visible, as it plays underwater at the bottom of the lake, however, fumaroles are visible on the lake's shore and the rock wall behind it.

neg: Kaula'ināiwi Island Kaula'ināiwi Island is an island in Hawaii County, Hawaii.

neg: Mauna Loa Mauna Loa ( or ; Hawaiian: ] ; English: Long Mountain ) is one of five volcanoes that form the Island of Hawaii in the U.S. state of Hawaiʻi in the Pacific Ocean. The largest subaerial volcano in both mass and volume, Mauna Loa has historically been considered the largest volcano on Earth. It is an active shield volcano with relatively gentle slopes, with a volume estimated at approximately 18000 mi3 , although its peak is about 120 ft lower than that of its neighbor, Mauna Kea. Lava eruptions from Mauna Loa are silica-poor and very fluid, and they tend to be non-explosive.

neg: Mount Tarawera Mount Tarawera is the volcano responsible for one of New Zealand's largest historic eruptions. Located 24 kilometres southeast of Rotorua in the North Island, it consists of a series of rhyolitic lava domes that were fissured down the middle by an explosive basaltic eruption in 1886, which killed an estimated 120 people. These fissures run for about 17 kilometres northeast-southwest.

neg: Matukutururu Matukutūruru (also Te Manurewa o Tamapahore or Wiri Mountain) is a volcano in Wiri, in the Auckland volcanic field. It had a scoria cone reaching 80 metres above sea level (around 50 m higher than the surrounding land), which was quarried away. The lava flows created 290m long Wiri Lava Cave. The hill was the site of a pā. In late 2011 the quarry lake was drained and fill-dumping began on the site.

neg: Bombalai Hill Mount Bombalai is part of a volcanic field on the Semporna peninsula in northeastern Borneo. The volcano lies in Tawau Division, Sabah, Malaysia across Cowie Harbour from the Indonesian province of East Kalimantan, and is the only volcano in the country. The low volcanic cone is located north of Sebatik Island and has a roughly 300-m-wide crater breached to the south. Two young lava flows extend almost to the coastal plain. The flows were considered younger than a lava flow radiocarbon dated at about 27,000 years before present, and the extrusion of basaltic lavas possibly continued into Holocene time. This marks the only known area of possible Holocene volcanism on Borneo. It is also known to be Malaysia's highest volcanic point.

neg: Maunaloa, Hawaii Maunaloa or Mauna Loa is a census-designated place (CDP) in Maui County, Hawaiʻ i, United States, in the western part of the island of Molokai. The population was 376 at the 2010 census.

neg: Mou Waho Island Mou Waho Island is an island in Lake Wanaka, New Zealand.


query: The Phillips Berlina used stretched underpinings from a sports car that was produced during what years?

pos: Phillips Berlina The Phillips Berlina is a neo-classic car built in Pompano Beach, Florida in the early nineteen-eighties. Debuting in 1980, it was designed by Charles W. Phillips in the style of the 1936 Mercedes-Benz 540K Special Roadster. It used stretched C3 Chevrolet Corvette underpinnings, coupled to fibreglass bodywork. As for the Corvette, power steering and brakes, powered tinted windows, and tilt steering were fitted. The fuel injected 5.7 litre V8 engine in the 1982 Berlinas offers 200 hp at 4,200 rpm, for a top speed of around 180 km/h . The earlier carburetted version (L81) had 190 hp on tap. By 1982, a special "Coupé SE" version was also available.

pos: Chevrolet Corvette (C3) The Chevrolet Corvette (C3) was a sports car that was produced by Chevrolet for the 1968 through 1982 model years. Engines and chassis components were mostly carried over from the previous generation, but the body and interior were new. It set new sales records with 53,807 produced for the 1979 model year. The C3 is the third generation of the Chevrolet Corvette, while the 1969 through 1976 models mark the second generation of the Corvette Stingray.

neg: Austin Sheerline The Austin Sheerline is a large luxury car produced by Austin in the United Kingdom from 1947 to 1954.

neg: Porsche 914 The Porsche 914 or VW-Porsche 914 is a mid-engined, targa-topped two-seater roadster designed sports car manufactured and marketed collaboratively by Volkswagen and Porsche from 1969 to 1976.

neg: Hispano-Suiza H6 The Hispano-Suiza H6 is a luxury car that was produced by Hispano-Suiza, mostly in France. Introduced at the 1919 Paris Motor Show, the H6 was produced until 1933. Roughly 2,350 H6, H6B, and H6C cars were produced in total.

neg: Sachsenring P240 The Sachsenring P240 was a luxury car built by the VEB Kraftfahrzeugwerk Horch Zwickau in East Germany between 1955 and 1959. The early preproduction models can be identified by the grill, which is divided in two and has vertical bars.

neg: Nash-Healey The Nash-Healey is a two-seat sports car that was produced for the American market between 1951 and 1954. Marketed by Nash-Kelvinator Corporation with the Nash Ambassador drivetrain and a European chassis and body, it served as a halo (or image) vehicle, or flagship car, for the automaker to promote the sales of the other Nash models. It was "America's first post-war sports car", and the first introduced in the U.S. by a major automaker since the Great Depression. The Nash-Healey was the product of the partnership between Nash-Kelvinator Corporation and British automaker Donald Healey. Later on, the car was restyled by Pinin Farina and subassembly began in Italy.

neg: Delage D6 The Delage D6 was a six-cylinder luxury car produced by the manufacturer between 1930 and 1940 and again, after the war, between 1946 and 1953. (The final cars were still receiving their bodies from specialist coach builders and being listed for sale during 1954.) For much of this time it was the company’s principal or, from 1946, only model.

neg: Bentley Mulsanne (1980–92) The Bentley Mulsanne is a performance luxury car which was produced by Bentley Motors Limited from 1980 until 1992, though derivative models like the Continental T and Azure continued in production into the 2000s. The name "Mulsanne" is derived from Bentley's motorsport history, which included five victories at the 24 Hours of Le Mans between 1924 and 1930 — the 'Mulsanne Straight' being the stretch of the Le Mans racecourse where cars reach their highest speeds.

neg: Lancia Beta (van) The Lancia Beta "Autocarro" is a small commercial vehicle produced by the Italian company Lancia between 1950 and 1961. It was sold as the Z10 short wheelbase and Z11 long wheelbase model, and a rarer three-axle Z12 version.

neg: Volvo S40 The Volvo S40 is a compact luxury car marketed and produced by the Swedish manufacturer Volvo Cars from 1995 to 2012 across two generations.

neg: Mercedes-Benz 320A The Mercedes-Benz 320A is a cabriolet built by German automobile manufacturer Mercedes-Benz between 1938 and 1942. The new model was lower, longer and broader than its predecessor Mercedes-Benz 290 of type W18, the production of which started on 1933. The new model was displayed for the first time at the Berlin Auto Show on 1937. The designing process of the new Mercedes-Benz 320A was led by the former race driver Max Zailer and its obviously sporty appearance was partly due to the influence of the luxurious Mercedes-Benz 540K, the model called "Silver Arrow".

neg: Maybach Zeppelin The Maybach Zeppelin was the Maybach company's "Repräsentationswagen" model from 1929 to 1939. Named for the company's famous production of zeppelin engines prior to and during World War I, it was an enormous luxury vehicle which weighed approximately 3000 kg (6600 lb). This weight was so great that German drivers required an additional goods vehicle licence for vehicles over 2½ tons. Along with the Voisin, and behind the Daimler Double Six, this was Europe's joint second luxury V12 car in production.

neg: Bentley S3 The Bentley S3 is a four-door luxury car produced by Bentley from late 1962 until 1965.

neg: Maserati Tipo 61 The Maserati Tipo 61 (commonly referred to as the Maserati Birdcage) is a sports racing car of the early 1960s. The car was produced between 1959 and 1961 by Maserati for racing in sports car events including the 24 Hours of Le Mans endurance classic. It used an intricate tubular space frame chassis, containing about 200 chro-moly steel tubes welded together, hence the nickname "Birdcage". This method of construction provided a more rigid and, at the same time, lighter chassis than other sports cars of the time.

neg: Bristol 406 The Bristol 406 was a luxury car produced between 1958 and 1961 by British manufacturer Bristol Aeroplane Co. Their cars were constructed to very high engineering standards and were intended to be long-lasting to justify their very high price. Buyers might arrange considerable changes to the specification of their own particular vehicle. Bristol Aeroplane's car division later became Bristol Cars.

neg: Bitter Cars Erich Bitter Automobil GmbH (Bitter) is a premium sports-luxury automobile marque produced in Germany and later Austria. Founder Erich Bitter, a former racing driver turned automobile tuner, importer and ultimately designer began crafting his own vehicles after business ventures with Italian manufacture Intermeccanica ended.

neg: Ford Thunderbird (fifth generation) The fifth generation of the Ford Thunderbird is a large personal luxury car that was produced by Ford for the 1967 to 1971 model years. This fifth generation saw the second major change of direction for the Thunderbird. The Thunderbird had fundamentally remained the same in concept through 1966, even though the styling had been updated twice. The introduction of the Ford Mustang in early 1964 had, however, challenged the Thunderbird's market positioning. It, like the Thunderbird, was a small, two-door, four-seater with sporting pretensions, but it was more affordable. The Thunderbird's sales suffered. Ford's response was to move the Thunderbird upmarket.

neg: Mercedes-Benz 190 SL The Mercedes-Benz 190 SL (W121) is a two-door super luxury roadster produced by Mercedes-Benz between May 1955 and February 1963. Internally referred to as W121 (BII or B2), it was first shown in prototype at the 1954 New York Auto Show, and was available with an optional removable hardtop.

neg: Austin 7 The Austin 7 is an economy car that was produced from 1922 until 1939 in the United Kingdom by Austin. It was nicknamed the "Baby Austin" and was at that time one of the most popular cars produced for the British market and sold well abroad. Its effect on the British market was similar to that of the Model T Ford in the US, replacing most other British economy cars and cyclecars of the early 1920s. It was also licensed and copied by companies all over the world. The very first BMW car, the BMW Dixi, was a licensed Austin 7, as were the original American Austins. In France they were made and sold as Rosengarts. In Japan, Nissan also used the 7 design as the basis for their first cars, although not under licence. This eventually led to a 1952 agreement for Nissan to build and sell Austins in Japan under the Austin name.

neg: Lincoln Sport The Lincoln Sport is a two-door roadster that was built by Lincoln in the early 1920s.

neg: Ford Eifel The Ford Eifel is a car manufactured by Ford Germany between 1935 and 1940. It initially complemented and then replaced the Ford Köln. It was itself replaced by the Ford Taunus.


query: Matilde Camus and Sara Teasdale, have which occupation in common?

pos: Matilde Camus Matilde Camus (26 September 1919 – 28 April 2012) was a Spanish poet who also wrote non-fiction.

pos: Sara Teasdale Sara Teasdale (August 8, 1884January 29, 1933) was an American lyric poet. She was born Sarah Trevor Teasdale in St. Louis, Missouri, and used the name Sara Teasdale Filsinger after her marriage in 1914.

neg: Sara Botsford Sara Botsford (born August 4, 1951) is a Canadian television and film actress. She plays Marilla in the 2016 "Anne of Green Gables" TV movie, opposite Martin Sheen, and plays Lady Covington in the Nickelodeon YTV series "RIDE". She is probably best known for her role of Ann Hildebrand in the television series "E.N.G." for which she won a Gemini Award for Best Performance by an Actress in a Continuing Leading Dramatic Role. Prior to that role, her most remembered role would be the wickedly evil character of Lillith McKechnie, AKA Isabella, on the daytime drama "As the World Turns" from 1988 to 1990. In "Dangerous Offender: The Marlene Moore Story" (1996), she portrayed Marlene Moore's (Brooke Johnson) lawyer. In 2002 she portrayed Kathleen Sinclair in the TV movie "Trudeau" about the life of the late Prime Minister Pierre Elliott Trudeau. In 2003 she appeared in "Burn: The Robert Wraight Story".

neg: Adelaïde Leuhusen Amalia Aurora "Adelaïde" Leuhusen, née "Valerius" (1 December 1828 – 1923), was a Swedish baroness, painter and concert singer. She was a teacher and benefactor of the famous Swedish opera singer Christina Nilsson, whom she introduced to Paris, where Nilsson started her international career. She was a member of the Royal Swedish Academy of Music. During her lifetime, she was famous throughout Sweden and known for her work outside of her native country.

neg: Sara Blomfield Sara Louisa Blomfield (née Ryan; 1859 – 1939) was a distinguished early member of the Bahá'í Faith in the British Isles, and a supporter of the rights of children and women. She became styled "Lady Blomfield" after her husband was knighted in 1889.

neg: Diane Paulus Diane Marie Paulus (born 1966 in New York City, USA) is an American director of theater and opera who became Artistic Director of the American Repertory Theater (ART) at Harvard University in 2009. Paulus was nominated for the Best Director Tony Award for her revival of "Hair", and won the award in 2013 for her revival of "Pippin". She has received the 2009 Harvard College Women’s Leadership Award and the Columbia University IAL Diamond Award.

neg: Sara Sotillo Sara Sotillo Guillén (April 19, 1900 – December 16, 1961) was a Panamanian educator, feminist, and founder of the National Feminist Party of Panama.

neg: Sara M. Harvey Sara M. Harvey (born March 11, 1976) is an American costume designer, and an author of fiction and nonfiction, most notably having written multiple articles for the "Greenwood Encyclopedia of Clothing Through World History". She is a regular speaker on the subjects of costume design at science-fiction conventions, and has won awards for her plus-sized creations.

neg: Caroline Brazier Caroline Brazier is an Australian actress who is best known for the role of Chrissy Merchant in "Packed to the Rafters" and the starring roles of Veronica Johnson and her twin sister Betti in the children's television series "Parallax". Brazier has also had a number of roles in the theatre, films and other television series. She is not to be confused with Caroline Brazier, Chief Librarian at the British Library.

neg: Camille D'Arville Camille D'Arville (June 21, 1863 — September 9, 1932), born Cornelia "Neeltye" Dykstra, was a Dutch-born light opera singer and a vaudeville performer. She was a member of The Bostonians. (Her surname is also found as Darville, d'Arville, and D'arville.)

neg: Sara Henderson Sara Jane Henderson (15 September 1936 – 29 April 2005) was an Australian pastoralist and author who became an Australia household name after the publication of her autobiography "From Strength to Strength" in 1993 about rebuilding Bullo River cattle station in the Northern Territory of Australia.

neg: Guido Maus Guido Maus (born 5 November 1964, Malmedy) is a Belgian-born gallery owner, gallerist, curator, and long-time collector of contemporary art currently living and working in Birmingham, Alabama.

neg: Siouxsie Medley Siouxsie Medley, born and raised in Los Angeles, is a musician, artist and actress. Medley is best known as the guitarist for Dead Sara, a rock band she started at age 15 with her friend Emily Armstrong, who was 16.

neg: Patricia Hermine Sloane Patricia Hermine Sloane, Phd (November 21, 1934 - November 21, 2001) was an American Painter, Author, and Professor of Fine Arts at NYC Technical College of the City University of New York. She was best known for her Abstract Expressionism painting style, which can be interpreted as early street or urban art, with a close connection to the New York school movement. She was a member of the 10th Street Galleries (specifically the Camino Gallery) in New York City during the 1950s and 1960s. Dr. Sloane's books included topics on fine arts, art history, principles of color, and the works of T.S. Elliot. She was married to Dr. Kenneth Campbell, a noted sculptor & artist.

neg: Sara Suleri Sara Suleri Goodyear, born Sara Suleri (born June 12, 1953), is an author and professor emeritus of English at Yale University, where her fields of study and teaching include Romantic and Victorian poetry and an interest in Edmund Burke. Her special concerns include postcolonial literature and theory, contemporary cultural criticism, literature and law. She was a founding editor of the "Yale Journal of Criticism", and serves on the editorial boards of "YJC", "The Yale Review", and "Transition".

neg: Mathilde Cottrelly Mathilde Cottrelly (February 7, 1851 in Hamburg, Germany – June 15, 1933 in Tuckerton, New Jersey) ("née Meyer") was a German born stage actress, singer, producer and theatre manager. She was popular on Broadway in the 1880s until the 1920s. 1920s audiences saw her as the hypochondriac Mrs. Cohen in the long running play "Abie's Irish Rose".

neg: Sally Ball Sara Louise "Sally" Ball is an American poet, editor, and professor. She is the author of "Annus Mirabilis" (Barrow Street Press, 2005). Her poems and essays have appeared in literary journals and magazines including "American Poetry Review," "Harvard Review", "Pleiades", "Ploughshares", "Rivendell", "Slate", "Threepenny Review", "Salmagundi", "The Southwest Review", "The Threepenny Review", "Yale Review," and the "Review of Contemporary Fiction". She earned her B.A. from Williams College, and her M.F.A. from Warren Wilson College. She taught at Beloit College, and worked at Washington University’s International Writers Center. She is associate director of Four Way Books. She teaches at Arizona State University. In 1993, she married T. M. McNally; they have three children.

neg: Kate Sara Chittenden Kate Sara Chittenden (17 April 1856 – 16 Sept 1949) was an American professor of music, music school founder, and piano teacher.

neg: Lydia Cornell Lydia Cornell (born July 23, 1953) is an American actress best known for her role as Sara Rush on the ABC situation comedy "Too Close for Comfort".

neg: Sara Paretsky Sara Paretsky (born June 8, 1947) is an American author of detective fiction, best known for her novels focused on the female protagonist V.I. Warshawski.

neg: Sara Netanyahu Sara Netanyahu (Hebrew: שרה נתניהו  ; "née" Ben-Artzi; born 5 November 1958) is the wife of Israeli Prime Minister Benjamin Netanyahu. Netanyahu is an educational and career psychologist by profession.

neg: Géraldine Lapalus Géraldine Lapalus (born 8 November 1979 in Marseille) is a French actress and model.