query: Which housewife, who had three of her war-time diaries published between 1981-2010, was Housewife, 49 based on?

pos: Housewife, 49 Housewife, 49 is a 2006 television film based on the wartime diaries of Nella Last. Written by and starring English actress and comedian Victoria Wood, it follows the experiences of an ordinary housewife and mother in the Northern English town of Barrow-in-Furness, Lancashire during the Second World War. It was first broadcast in the UK by ITV on 10 December 2006.

pos: Nella Last Nella Last (née Nellie Lord; 4 October 1889 – 22 June 1968) was a housewife who lived in Barrow-in-Furness, Lancashire, England. She wrote a diary for the Mass Observation Archive from 1939 until 1966 making it one of the most substantial diaries held by M-O. An edited version of the two million words or so she wrote during World War II was originally published in 1981 as "Nella Last's War: A Mother's Diary, 1939-45" and republished as "Nella Last's War: The Second World War Diaries of 'Housewife 49" in 2006. A second volume of her diaries, "Nella Last's Peace: The Post-war Diaries of Housewife 49", was published in October 2008, and a third volume "Nella Last in the 1950s" appeared in October 2010.

neg: Sarah Broadhead Sarah "Sallie" Middleton Robbins Broadhead (1831–1910) was a teacher, diarist, and resident of Gettysburg, Pennsylvania during the Battle of Gettysburg. She was the author of "The Diary of a Lady of Gettysburg, Pennsylvania from June 15 to July 15, 1863", which is a primary historical source for what happened during the battle and especially how it impacted the residents of the borough. It has been called the most comprehensive written document on the role of women in the Civil War. Ken Burns quoted entries from the diary in his 1990 documentary series, "The Civil War".

neg: Nora Beloff Leah Nora Beloff (24 January 1919 – 12 February 1997) was an English journalist and political writer. She worked for "The Observer" for three decades, from 1948 to 1978, and became a political correspondent in 1964, making her the first woman in such a role for a British newspaper.

neg: One Christmas "One Christmas" is an autobiographical short story by Truman Capote, portions of which were originally published in a 1982 issue of the "Ladies’ Home Journal" magazine. It was shortly thereafter published in 1983 as a book by Random House, Inc and was the final work published by Capote before his death in 1984. The story is an emotional childhood tale about the nature of deception and alcoholism. It is Capote’s last short story and a sequel to "The Thanksgiving Visitor".

neg: Jane Turpin Jane Turpin is a fictional girl character, created by Evadne Price. Most of these stories were published in "The Novel Magazine" and later compiled in a book form, in the period 1928 to 1947 (roughly the end of World War II). Jane is often referred to as the "female William", a reference to the Just William stories of Richmal Crompton which were very popular at the time.

neg: Kit McNaughton Catherine (Kit) McNaughton was an Australian nurse who served in World War I. She kept a detailed diary of her experiences.

neg: Clare Mallory Clare Mallory is the pen name under which Winifred Constance McQuilkan Hall (25 September 1913 – 20 April 1991) wrote ten children's books published between 1947 and 1951.

neg: Little House in the Big Woods Little House in the Big Woods is an autobiographical children's novel written by Laura Ingalls Wilder and published by Harper in 1932 (reviewed in June). It was Wilder's first book published and it inaugurated her "Little House" series. It is based on memories of her early childhood in the Big Woods near Pepin, Wisconsin, in the early 1870s.

neg: Lillian Maxine Serett Lillian Maxine Serett (1924-1994), also known as Maxine Sanini and Maxine Savant, born Lillian Maxine Harrison in Groveton, Texas, January 28, 1924, an author and lecturer on sex and sex techniques. She is best known as the author of "The Housewife's Handbook on Selective Promiscuity", the only book ever to be banned by the United States Supreme Court.** When she was 36 and wrote the book, her legal name was Lillian Maxine Savant, but she wrote under the pseudonym of "Rey Anthony". The resulting court case, Ginzburg v. United States, resulted in Ralph Ginzburg serving six months in federal prison for publishing the book, but Savant, the author, was never prosecuted. "Maxine Serett" was an assumed name she took on only for the trial. At the time of her death from a massive heart attack at age 70 in Pasadena, Texas,** she had been using the assumed name Maxine Sanini for more than two decades. An ebook of "Housewife's Handbook on Selective Promiscuity," subtitled "Definitive Edition," edited by Toni Savant, one of Serett's five daughters, and containing a biography of the author, was published and posted on Amazon.com on May 26, 2012.

neg: Woman of Fire '82 The Woman of Fire '82 () is a 1982 South Korean film written and directed by Kim Ki-young. This was the third film in Kim's "Housemaid" trilogy.

neg: Few Eggs and No Oranges Few Eggs and No Oranges, the diary of Vere Hodgson, recounts life on the home front during the Second World War. It was first published in 1976 by Dennis Dobson and again in 1999 by Persephone Books. Described by the author as "a diary showing how unimportant people in London and Birmingham lived through the war years", the published diaries begin on 25 June 1940, the morning after the first air raid on London.

neg: Märta Helena Reenstierna Märta Helena Reenstierna (16 September 1753 – 12 January 1841), also von Schnell, known as "Årstafrun" (The Årsta lady), was a Swedish diary writer. Her diaries were written in the period 1793–1839, and are kept at the archives of Nordiska museet in Stockholm. They were published in 1946–1953 as "Årstadagboken" (The Årsta Diary). They are considered as a valuable cultural historical document of the everyday life of the people at a Swedish manor of her epoch.

neg: Louisa Lawson Louisa Lawson (née Albury) (17 February 1848 – 12 August 1920) was an Australian poet, writer, publisher, suffragist, and feminist. She was the mother of the poet and author Henry Lawson.

neg: Nafija Sarajlić Nafija Sarajlić ("née" Hadžikarić; 3 October 1893 – 15 January 1970) was the first female Bosnian Muslim prose writer, with 23 short stories published between 1912 and 1918. She married writer Šemsudin Sarajlić and had five children. Her hectic personal life prevented her from developing her short stories into full-length novels. Sarajlić abandoned her work and withdrew from public life following the sudden death of her eldest daughter Halida in 1918.

neg: H. Maria George Colby H. Maria George Colby (née Hannah Maria George; October 1, 1844 - March 29, 1910) was an American author, fashion editor, and social leader from New Hampshire. Her articles appeared in various publications, including the "Housewife," the "Housekeeper, the "House-keeper's Weekly," the "Christian at Work," "Demorest's Monthly Magazine," "Arthur's Home Magazine," "Youth's Companion," the "Congregationalist," the Portland "Transcript," "Ladles' World," "Good Cheer," the Philadelphia "Press", the Chicago "Ledger," the "Golden Rule, "the "Household," "Good Housekeeping" and "St. Nicholas." She served as fashion editor of the "Household." Though she used various pen names, she was best known by her maiden name. H. Maria George.

neg: Zofia Baniecka Zofia Baniecka (1917 in Warsaw – 1993) was a Polish member of the Resistance during World War II. In addition to relaying guns and other materials to resistance fighters, Baniecka and her mother rescued over 50 Jews in their home between 1941 and 1944. Later, Baniecka was an activist with the Intervention Bureau of the Polish Workers' Defence Committee (Polish: "Komitet Obrony Robotników, KOR" ) in 1977. She and her husband were active participants in the Solidarity movement in the 1980s, distributing underground press. In her professional capacity, Baniecka was a long-time member of the Warsaw chapter of the Association of Polish Artists and Designers ("ZPAP").

neg: A Haunted House and Other Short Stories A Haunted House is a 1944 collection of 18 short stories by Virginia Woolf. It was produced by her husband Leonard Woolf after her death although in the foreword he states that they had discussed its production together.

neg: Judith Wills Judith Wills (born 1949 - ) is a British author, food and health journalist, magazine editor and columnist. She was born in Oxfordshire, the youngest child of a telephone salesman and an ex-primary schoolteacher and was educated at the Oxford College of Technology (now Oxford Brookes University . She lives on the borders of Herefordshire and Wales.

neg: Kitty Hart-Moxon Kitty Hart-Moxon, OBE (born December 1, 1926) is a Polish-English Holocaust survivor. She was sent to the Auschwitz-Birkenau death camp in 1943 at age 16, where she survived for two years, and was also imprisoned at other camps. Shortly after her liberation in April 1945 by American soldiers, she moved to England with her mother, where she married and dedicated her life to raising awareness of the Holocaust. She has written two autobiographies entitled "I am Alive" (1961) and "Return to Auschwitz" (1981).

neg: The Dead Stay Young The Dead Stay Young ("Die Toten Bleiben Jung") is a 1949 novel by German author Anna Seghers. The book describes Communists secretly working in Germany between the end of World War I and the outbreak of World War II.

neg: The 1940s House The 1940s House is a British historical reality television programme made by Wall to Wall/Channel 4 in 2001 about a modern family that tries to the live as a typical middle-class family in London during The Blitz of World War II. It was shown on Channel 4 in the United Kingdom in 2001, and in 2002 on PBS in the United States and ABC Television in Australia. It also aired on TVNZ in New Zealand. The series was narrated in the UK by Geoffrey Palmer.


query: Derived from the characteristically coloured marls and sandstones which occur beneath the chalk is a late Cretaceous lithostratigraphic group,  particularly along the coast of one of six countries that make up what?

pos: Hibernian Greensands Group The Hibernian Greensands Group is a late Cretaceous lithostratigraphic group (a sequence of rock strata) in Northern Ireland. The name is derived from the characteristically coloured marls and sandstones which occur beneath the chalk particularly along the Antrim coast. The strata are exposed on or near to both the northern and eastern coasts of Antrim and also between Portrush and Dungiven within County Londonderry. Further outcrops occur between Belfast and Lurgan and between Dungannon and Magherafelt. The current names replace an earlier situation where the present group was considered to be a formation and each of the present formations was considered a 'member'. Several other stratigraphic naming schemes were in use during the nineteenth century and much of the twentieth century. Various units were earlier referred to as glauconitic or chloritic marls. This group and the overlying Ulster White Limestone Group are the stratigraphical equivalent of the Chalk Group of southern and eastern England.

pos: County Antrim County Antrim (named after the town of Antrim, from Irish: "Aontroim" , meaning "lone ridge" , )) is one of six counties that form Northern Ireland. Adjoined to the north-east shore of Lough Neagh, the county covers an area of 3046 km2 and has a population of about 618,000. County Antrim has a population density of 203 people per square kilometer / 526 people per square mile. It is also one of the thirty-two traditional counties of Ireland, as well as part of the historic province of Ulster.

neg: Border Group The Border Group is a Carboniferous lithostratigraphic group (a sequence of rock strata) in southern Scotland and northernmost England. The name is derived from the Scottish Border region. The rocks of the Border Group have also previously been referred to as the Lower, Middle and Upper Border groups.

neg: Large igneous province In geology, a large igneous province (LIP) is an extremely large accumulation of igneous rocks, including plutonic rocks (intrusive) or volcanic rock formations (extrusive), arising when hot magma extrudes from inside the Earth and flows out. The source of many or all LIPs is variously attributed to mantle plumes or to processes associated with plate tectonics. Types of LIPs can include "large volcanic provinces" (LVP), created through flood basalt, and "large plutonic provinces" (LPP). Rampino and Stothers (1988) cite eleven distinct flood-basalt episodes - occurring in the past 250 million years - which created volcanic provinces and plateaus and coincided with mass extinctions. However, more flood basalts have been recognized, such as the large Ontong Java Plateau, and the medium-sized Chilcotin Group, though the latter may be linked to the Columbia River Basalt Group. Formation depends on a range of factors, such as continental configuration, latitude, volume, rate, duration of eruption, style and setting (continental vs. oceanic), the pre-existing climate state, and the biota resilience to change.

neg: Yesnaby Sandstone Group The Yesnaby Sandstone Group is a Devonian lithostratigraphic group (a sequence of rock strata) in west Mainland Orkney, Scotland. The name is derived from the locality of Yesnaby where the strata are exposed in coastal cliffs.

neg: Illawarra Coal Measures The Illawarra Coal Measures is a group of sedimentary rocks occurring in the Sydney Basin in eastern Australia. This stratum is up to 150 metres thick. Formed in the late Permian, it comprises shale, quartz-lithic sandstone, conglomerate rocks, chert, with sporadically carbonaceous mudstone, coal and seams of torbanite. Coal mining of these measures remains a significant commercial enterprise to the present day. One of the abandoned coal mines in the Blue Mountains is now a tourist attraction.

neg: Coastline of Australia The coastline of Australia comprises the coasts of mainland Australia and Tasmania. It nominally includes a part of all Australian states and territories; the otherwise landlocked Australian Capital Territory has a coastal enclave at Jervis Bay Territory.

neg: Geology of Algeria The geology of Algeria is diverse; the country divides into three different tectono-stratigraphic domains. In the south and west is the West African Craton which consists of Precambrian granitic basement and surrounding Neoproterozoic mobile belts. Further south the Tuareg Shield comprises the Hoggar, Adrar des Iforas and Air sub-shields which have each been affected by tectono-thermal events touching much of the continent. In the north are the Alpine chain mountains with a succession of folded and over-thrusted strata.

neg: Buntsandstein The Buntsandstein (German for "coloured" or "colourful sandstone") or Bunter sandstone is a lithostratigraphic and allostratigraphic unit (a sequence of rock strata) in the subsurface of large parts of west and central Europe. The Buntsandstein predominantly consists of sandstone layers of the Lower Triassic series and is one of three characteristic Triassic units, together with the Muschelkalk and Keuper that form the Germanic Trias Supergroup.

neg: Austin Chalk The Austin Chalk is an upper Cretaceous geologic formation in the Gulf Coast region of the United States. It is named after type section outcrops near Austin, Texas. The formation is made up of chalk and marl.

neg: Geology of Scotland The geology of Scotland is unusually varied for a country of its size, with a large number of differing geological features. There are three main geographical sub-divisions: the Highlands and Islands is a diverse area which lies to the north and west of the Highland Boundary Fault; the Central Lowlands is a rift valley mainly comprising Paleozoic formations; and the Southern Uplands, which lie south of the Southern Uplands Fault, are largely composed of Silurian deposits.

neg: Gray Sandstone Group The Gray Sandstone Group is a late Silurian lithostratigraphic group (a sequence of rock strata) in west Wales. The strata are exposed in the coast around the Milford Haven area; outcrops occur either side of Marloes Bay. Besides quartzitic sandstones and mudstones, sandy rottenstones are found at outcrop. Fossils within the rottenstone beds include brachiopods and corals. The rocks of this group have also previously been known as the Gray Sandstone Series.

neg: Plateau In geology and earth science, a plateau ( , or ; plural plateaus or plateaux), also called a high plain or tableland, is an area of highland, usually consisting of relatively flat terrain that is raised significantly above the surrounding area, often with one or more sides with steep slopes. Plateaus can be formed by a number of processes, including upwelling of volcanic magma, extrusion of lava, and erosion by water and glaciers.Plateaus are classified according to their surrounding environment as intermontane, Piedmont, or continental. Plateaus are found on every continent, with Asia hosting the largest and highest: the Tibetan Plateau.

neg: Gold Coast, Queensland The Gold Coast is a coastal area in the Australian state of Queensland, approximately 66 km south-southeast of the state capital Brisbane and immediately north of the border with New South Wales. With a census-estimated 2016 population of 638,090, The Gold Coast is the sixth-largest city in Australia, making it the largest non-capital city, and the second-largest city in Queensland.

neg: Santos Basin The Santos Basin (Portuguese: "Bacia de Santos" ) is an approximately 352000 km2 large mostly offshore sedimentary basin. It is located in the south Atlantic Ocean, some 300 km southeast of Santos, Brazil. The basin is one of the Brazilian basins to have resulted from the break-up of Gondwana since the Early Cretaceous, where a sequence of rift basins formed on both sides of the South Atlantic; the Pelotas, Santos, Campos and Espírito Santo Basins in Brazil, and the Namibia, Kwanza and Congo Basins in southwestern Africa.

neg: Ulster White Limestone Group The Ulster White Limestone Group is a late Cretaceous lithostratigraphic group (a sequence of rock strata) in Northern Ireland. The name is derived from the characteristic chalk rock which occurs particularly along the Antrim coast. The strata are exposed on or near to both the northern and eastern coasts of Antrim and also between Portrush and Dungiven within County Londonderry. Further outcrops occur between Belfast and Lurgan and between Dungannon and Magherafelt. The current names replace an earlier situation where the present group was considered to be a formation and each of the present formations was considered a 'member'. Several other stratigraphic naming schemes were in use during the nineteenth century and much of the twentieth century. This group and the underlying Hibernian Greensands Group are the stratigraphical equivalent of the Chalk Group of southern and eastern England.

neg: Coastline of the United Kingdom The coastline of the United Kingdom is formed by a variety of natural features including islands, bays, headlands and peninsulas. It consists of the coastline of the island of Great Britain and the north-east coast of the island of Ireland, as well as a large number of much smaller islands. Much of the coastline is accessible and quite varied in geography and habitats. Large stretches have been designated areas of natural beauty, notably the Jurassic Coast and the Heritage Coast.

neg: List of geological groups of Great Britain This is a sortable list of the groups into which the rock succession of Great Britain and surrounding seas is formally divided. Rock sequences are described by geologists by dividing them hierarchically thus: individual 'beds' of rock (or in the case of certain volcanic rocks, 'flows') are grouped into 'members', members are grouped into 'formations', formations into 'groups' and groups occasionally into 'supergroups'. Some groups are also subdivided into 'subgroups'. Not all of these hierarchical layers are necessarily present or defined within a particular rock succession. Many of these groups will be encountered as 'series' in older geological literature or indeed simply as the proper name e.g. 'Dalradian' or 'Millstone Grit' though care needs to be exercised as many of the names have or have had other meanings which may not coincide with the assemblage of rocks referred to formally through designation as a 'group'.

neg: Seven Sisters, Sussex The Seven Sisters is a series of chalk cliffs by the English Channel. They form part of the South Downs in East Sussex, between the towns of Seaford and Eastbourne in southern England. They are within the Seven Sisters Country Park which is bounded by the coast, the Cuckmere and the A259 road. They are the remnants of dry valleys in the chalk South Downs, which are gradually being eroded by the sea.

neg: Skrinkle Sandstones Group The Skrinkle Sandstones Group is a late Devonian to early Carboniferous lithostratigraphic group (a sequence of rock strata) in west Wales. The name is derived from the bay of Skrinkle Haven in south Pembrokeshire. The Group comprises the Gupton and overlying West Angle formations and is up to 300m thick. It was deposited south of the east-west aligned Ritec Fault.

neg: Carbonate platform A carbonate platform is a sedimentary body which possesses topographic relief, and is composed of autochthonous calcareous deposits (Wilson, 1975). Platform growth is mediated by sessile organisms whose skeletons build up the reef or by organisms (usually microbes) which induce carbonate precipitation through their metabolism. Therefore, carbonate platforms can not grow up everywhere: they are not present in places where limiting factors to the life of reef-building organisms exist. Such limiting factors are, among others: light, water temperature, transparency and pH-Value. For example, carbonate sedimentation along the Atlantic South American coasts takes place everywhere but at the mouth of the Amazon River, because of the intense turbidity of the water there (Carannante et al., 1988). Spectacular examples of present-day carbonate platforms are the Bahama Banks under which the platform is roughly 8 km thick, the Yucatan Peninsula which is up to 2 km thick, the Florida platform, the platform on which the Great Barrier Reef is growing, and the Maldive atolls. All these carbonate platforms and their associated reefs are confined to tropical latitudes. Today’s reefs are built mainly by scleractinian corals, but in the distant past other organisms, like archaeocyatha (during the Cambrian) or extinct cnidaria (tabulata and rugosa) were important reef builders.

neg: West African Craton The West African Craton is one of the five large masses, or cratons, of the Precambrian basement rock of Africa that make up the African Plate, the others being the Kalahari craton, Congo craton, Saharan Metacraton and Tanzania Craton. These land masses came together in the late Precambrian and early Palaeozoic eras to form the African continent. At one time, volcanic action around the rim of the craton may have contributed to a major global warming event.


query: Batman Bridge is named after which grazier and entrepreneur?

pos: Batman Bridge The Batman Bridge is a modern bridge spanning kanamaluka/Tamar River in the north of the Australian state of Tasmania. The bridge is on the Batman Highway connecting the West Tamar Highway (state route A7) to the East Tamar Highway (state route A8). The eastern end of the bridge is located at Whirlpool Reach, George Town and the western end is about halfway between Kayena and Deviot, Tasmania. The bridge overlooks the Deviot Sailing Club and is named after John Batman, Launceston businessman and co-founder of Melbourne.

pos: John Batman John Batman (21 January 18016 May 1839) was an Australian grazier, entrepreneur and explorer. He settled in the north-east of the Van Diemen's Land Colony in the 1820s, and later as a leading member of the Port Phillip Association he led an expedition which explored the Port Phillip Bay area on the Australian mainland with a view to establishing a new settlement there. He is best known for his role in the founding of the settlement on the Yarra River which became the city of Melbourne, eventual capital of the new Colony of Victoria, and one of Australia's largest and most important cities.

neg: Lionel Samson Lionel Samson (1799-15 March 1878) was an early Swan River Colony settler and businessman whose firm, Lionel Samson & Son, is the oldest continuing family business in Australia.

neg: Macpherson Robertson Sir Macpherson Robertson KBE (6 September 185920 August 1945) was an Australian philanthropist, entrepreneur and founder of confectionery company "MacRobertson's".

neg: Angellala Rail Bridge Angellala Rail Bridge is a heritage-listed railway bridge on the Roma-Cunnamulla railway line over Angellala Creek in Sommariva in the Shire of Murweh, Queensland, Australia. It was designed by Henry Charles Stanley and built from  1885 to 1994. It was added to the Queensland Heritage Register on 21 October 1992.

neg: Alfred Bader Alfred Robert Bader CBE (born April 28, 1924, in Vienna, Austria) is a Canadian chemist, businessman, philanthropist, and collector of fine art. He was considered by the "Chemical & Engineering News" poll of 1998 to be one of the "Top 75 Distinguished Contributors to the Chemical Enterprise" during C&EN's 75-year history.

neg: Jiak Kim Bridge The Jiak Kim Bridge () is a pedestrian bridge in Singapore. The bridge spans the Singapore River near Robertson Quay. Constructed in 1999, it was named after Tan Jiak Kim (), grandson of famous merchant and philanthropist Tan Kim Seng and son of Tan Beng Swee (). He is also a prominent Straits-born Chinese merchant and political activist during the early 19th century.

neg: Bob Clifford Dr. Robert "Bob" Frederick Clifford AO, (born in Tasmania, Australia), and now living in Surrey, England, is an Australian shipbuilder, entrepreneur, and businessman, best known for his success in building his Incat catamaran building company into an international brand that sells wave piercing catamaran ferries all over the world including to the US military and many European ferry operators.

neg: Albert Bridge, Brisbane Albert Bridge is a heritage-listed railway bridge of steel truss design crossing the Brisbane River between Indooroopilly and Chelmer in the City of Brisbane, Queensland, Australia. It was designed by Henry Charles Stanley and built from 1894 to 1895 by John McCormick & Son. It was added to the Queensland Heritage Register on 21 October 1992.

neg: Melbourne City Centre Melbourne City Centre (sometimes referred to as "Central City", and colloquially known as simply "The City" or "The CBD") is an area of Melbourne, Victoria, Australia. It is the area in which Melbourne was established in 1835, by John Batman and John Pascoe Fawkner, and its boundaries are defined by the Government of Victoria's "Melbourne Planning Scheme". Today it comprises the two oldest areas of Melbourne; the Hoddle Grid and Queen Victoria Market, as well as sections of the redeveloped areas of Docklands and Southbank/South Wharf. It is not to be confused with the larger local government area of the City of Melbourne.

neg: Charles "Buffalo" Jones Charles Jesse Jones, known as Buffalo Jones (January 31, 1844 – October 1, 1919), was an American frontiersman, farmer, rancher, hunter, and conservationist who cofounded Garden City, Kansas. He has been cited by the National Archives as one of the "preservers of the American bison".

neg: Thomas Alexander Barns Thomas Alexander Barns FZS FES, also known as T. A. Barns and T. Alexander Barns, and in his private life as Alexander Barns (4 June 1881 – 4 March 1930), was an English business man, explorer, big game hunter, author, artist, naturalist and lecturer connected with the opening up of Central Africa by Europeans in the early 20th century.

neg: Jack Pesch Bridge The Jack Pesch Bridge is a bridge for pedestrians and cyclists which crosses the Brisbane River. The bridge is named in honour of Jack Pesch, a cycling champion during the 1930s. He subsequently ran a bicycle shop in Petrie Terrace, Brisbane, until the mid-1990s, selling and servicing his own 'Rocket' cycles and cycle parts.

neg: John McKenzie (philanthropist) Sir John Robert Hugh McKenzie (5 August 1876 – 26 August 1955) was a New Zealand businessman and philanthropist. He was born in Yarrawalla, Victoria, Australia on 5 August 1876. In the 1950 New Year Honours, he was appointed a Knight Commander of the Most Excellent Order of the British Empire (KBE) for public and philanthropic services.

neg: Donald Shaver Donald McQueen Shaver {'1': ", '2': ", '3': ", '4': "} (born August 12, 1920) is a Canadian pioneer in the poultry industry, who founded a breeding company that achieved worldwide prominence. At its peak Shaver Poultry Breeding Farms was the world's largest, being one of only two "world class foundation breeding" companies in Canada.

neg: William Moss William Lionel Moss CBE (9 October 1891 – 4 June 1971) was an Australian grazier who served as federal president of the Australian Country Party from 1962 to 1968.

neg: Bartlett Richards Bartlett Richards (January 6, 1862 – September 5, 1911) and his brothers DeForest Richards and Jarvis Richards were cattle barons who owned or fenced in vast acreage in Wyoming, Nebraska and Colorado.

neg: Benjamin Knight Benjamin Brayton Knight (1813–1898) was a New England industrialist and philanthropist, who was a partner with his brother Robert Knight in the B. B. & R. Knight Company and was one of the largest textile manufacturers in the world when he died in 1898. Knight co-founded the large and famous brand, Fruit of the Loom.

neg: Marion Hedgepeth Marion Columbus Hedgepeth (April 14, 1856 – December 31, 1909) – also known as the Handsome Bandit, the Debonair Bandit, the Derby Kid and the Montana Bandit – was a famous Wild West outlaw.

neg: Abraham Hopkins Davis Anthony Hopkins Davis (c. August 1796 – 4 June 1866) was a businessman and horticulturist in the early days of the Colony of South Australia.

neg: Martin Copley Martin Copley (1940 – 30 July 2014) was a British-born Australian conservationist and philanthropist who established the Australian Wildlife Conservancy (AWC), an organisation which purchases and manages large areas of land, mainly former pastoral properties, as nature reserves (called 'sanctuaries') for the conservation of biodiversity.

neg: The Big Culvert The Big Culvert is a substantial granite and bluestone arch culvert on the historic Yarra Track near Cambarville, Victoria, Australia. It was built in the 1870s as part of the improvements to the road from Melbourne to the Woods Point and Jordan Goldfields. It was probably designed by Clement Wilks who was also responsible for the design of the Wilks Creek Bridge near Marysville also on the "Yarra Track". This moss covered granite and bluestone arch was constructed by a German settlor, George Koehler, who operated a hotel nearby. (Listed on the National Trust of Australia (Victoria) Register: B5804 and on the Register of the National Estate: Place 5720).


query: The 2005–06 Eintracht Frankfurt season was the 106th season, the club played in the 2005–06 Bundesliga was the 43rd season of the Bundesliga, which country's premier football league?

pos: 2005–06 Eintracht Frankfurt season The 2005–06 Eintracht Frankfurt season was the 106th season in the club's football history. In 2005–06 the club played in the Bundesliga, the first tier of German football.

pos: 2005–06 Bundesliga The 2005–06 Bundesliga was the 43rd season of the Bundesliga, Germany's premier football league.

neg: 1952–53 Eintracht Frankfurt season The 1952–53 Eintracht Frankfurt season was the 53rd season in the club's football history. In 1952–53 the club played in the Oberliga Süd, the top tier of German football. It was the club's 8th season in the Oberliga Süd.

neg: 2016–17 FSV Frankfurt season The 2016–17 FSV Frankfurt season is the 118th season in the football club's history. After being relegated from the 2015–16 2. Bundesliga, FSV Frankfurt now play in the 3. Liga. They also participated in this season's edition of the domestic cup, the DFB-Pokal. The season covers a period from 1 July 2016 to 30 June 2017.

neg: 2005–06 Manchester City F.C. season The 2005–06 season was Manchester City Football Club's fourth consecutive season playing in the Premier League, the top division of English football, and its ninth season since the Premier League was first created with Manchester City as one of the its original 22 founding member clubs. Overall, it was the team's 114th season playing in a division of English football, most of which have been spent in the top flight.

neg: Salzburger Liga The Salzburger Liga, is since the 2010/2011 season, the top division in Salzburg football and the fourth-highest division in Austria. The association responsible for the league is the Salzburg Football Association.

neg: 2005–06 2. Bundesliga (women) The 2nd Fußball-Bundesliga (women) 2005–06 was the 2nd season of the 2. Fußball-Bundesliga (women), Germany's second football league. It began on 14 August 2005 and ended on 5 June 2006.

neg: 1974–75 Bundesliga The 1974–75 Bundesliga was the 12th season of the Bundesliga, West Germany's premier football league. It began on 24 August 1974 and ended on 14 June 1975. FC Bayern Munich were the defending champions.

neg: 2013–14 Eintracht Frankfurt season The 2013–14 Eintracht Frankfurt season was the club's 114th season in its history. In 2013–14, the club played in the Bundesliga, the top tier of German football, the club's second season back in this league and its 45th overall. The club also participated in the UEFA Europa League, where it began in the play-off round and reached the round of 32.

neg: Bayer 04 Leverkusen (women) Bayer 04 Leverkusen, also known as Bayer Leverkusen, Leverkusen, or simply known as Bayer, is a German women's football club based in Leverkusen, North Rhine-Westphalia. The club plays in the 2. Bundesliga, the second tier of German women's football.

neg: 1987–88 Bundesliga The 1987–88 Bundesliga was the 25th season of the Bundesliga, the premier football league in West Germany. It began on 31 July 1987 and ended on 21 May 1988. FC Bayern Munich were the defending champions.

neg: 2005–06 Eredivisie The 2005/06 season of the Eredivisie began in August 2005 and ended in May 2006. PSV Eindhoven became champions on April 9, 2006. The season was overshadowed by the death of FC Utrecht player David di Tommaso.

neg: KFC Uerdingen 05 KFC Uerdingen 05 is a German football club in the Uerdingen district of the city of Krefeld, North Rhine-Westphalia. The one time Bundesliga side enjoyed its greatest successes in the 1980s but now currently plays in the 4th division, Regionalliga West.

neg: 2005–06 Luton Town F.C. season The 2005–06 season was the 120th season in the history of Luton Town Football Club, and the club’s 85th consecutive year in The Football League. This was the club's first season in the second tier of English football since the 1995–96 season.

neg: 2007–08 UEFA Champions League The 2007–08 UEFA Champions League was the 16th season of UEFA's premier European club football tournament, the UEFA Champions League, since it was rebranded in 1992, and the 53rd tournament overall.

neg: 1984–85 Bundesliga The 1984–85 Bundesliga was the 22nd season of the Bundesliga, the premier football league in West Germany. It began on 24 August 1984 and ended on 8 June 1985. VfB Stuttgart were the defending champions.

neg: 2015–16 Hannover 96 season The 2015–16 Hannover 96 season is the 120th season in the club's football history. In 2015–16 the club plays in the Bundesliga, the premier tier of German football. It is the club's 14th consecutive season in this league after the promotion from the 2. Fußball-Bundesliga in 2002.

neg: 2013–14 Borussia Mönchengladbach season The 2013–14 Borussia Mönchengladbach season is the 113th season in the club's football history. In 2013–14 the club plays in the Bundesliga, the top tier of German football. It is the clubs sixth consecutive season in this league, having been promoted from the 2. Bundesliga in 2008.

neg: 2006–07 2. Bundesliga The 2006–07 2. Bundesliga was the 33rd season of the 2. Bundesliga, the second tier of Germany football league.

neg: Under 17 Bundesliga The Under 17 Bundesliga (German: B-Junioren Bundesliga) is the highest level of play in German football for male juniors between the ages of 15 and 17. It was formed in 2007 and operates in three regional divisions with 14 clubs each. At the end of season, the three league winners and one of the runners-up determine the German champions for this age group.

neg: 2003–04 Bundesliga The 2003–04 Bundesliga was the 41st season of the Bundesliga, Germany's premier football league.

neg: 2. Basketball Bundesliga The 2. Basketball Bundesliga is the second tier level league of professional club basketball in Germany. Before the 2007–08 season, the "2. Basketball Bundesliga" consisted of two geographical divisions (North and South). Since 2007 the 2. Basketball Bundesliga now consists of the two hierarchical leagues, named "ProA" and "ProB". At the end of the season, the top two teams of the ProA qualify for the Basketball Bundesliga, and the teams positioned 15th and 16th are relegated to the lower league ProB.


query: John Mitchell Nuttall is best remembered for his work with a physicist who co-invented the detector component of what device?

pos: John Mitchell Nuttall John Mitchell Nuttall (21 July 1890 – 28 January 1958) was an English physicist, born in Todmorden. He is best remembered for his work with the physicist Hans Geiger, which resulted in the Geiger–Nuttall law of radioactive decay.

pos: Hans Geiger Johannes "Hans" Wilhelm "Gengar" Geiger (30 September 1882 – 24 September 1945) was a German physicist. He is perhaps best known as the co-inventor of the detector component of the Geiger counter and for the Geiger–Marsden experiment which discovered the atomic nucleus. Geiger was born at Neustadt an der Haardt, Germany. He was one of five children born to the Indologist Wilhelm Ludwig Geiger, who was professor at the University of Erlangen.

neg: Edward Condon Edward Uhler Condon (March 2, 1902 – March 26, 1974) was a distinguished American nuclear physicist, a pioneer in quantum mechanics, and a participant in the development of radar and nuclear weapons during World War II as part of the Manhattan Project. The Franck–Condon principle and the Slater–Condon rules are co-named after him.

neg: Foster–Seeley discriminator The Foster–Seeley discriminator is a common type of FM detector circuit, invented in 1936 by Dudley E. Foster and Stuart William Seeley. The circuit was envisioned for automatic frequency control of receivers, but also found application in demodulating an FM signal.

neg: John Carroll (astronomer) Sir John Anthony Carroll {'1': ", '2': ", '3': ", '4': "} (8 January 1899 – 2 May 1974) was a British astronomer and physicist. In the 1920s he worked at the Solar Physics Observatory, Cambridge, UK with F.J.M. Stratton and Richard van der Riet Woolley. He made major technological advances, inventing a high resolution spectrometer, and (with C G Fraser) a "coronal camera".

neg: Thomas Edison Thomas Alva Edison (February 11, 1847October 18, 1931) was an American inventor and businessman, who has been described as America's greatest inventor. He developed many devices that greatly influenced life around the world, including the phonograph, the motion picture camera, and the long-lasting, practical electric light bulb. Dubbed "The Wizard of Menlo Park", he was one of the first inventors to apply the principles of mass production and large-scale teamwork to the process of invention, and because of that, he is often credited with the creation of the first industrial research laboratory.

neg: Alan James Duncan Alan James Duncan FRSE FRSA (4 November 1938 – 9 July 1999) was a Scottish atomic physicist who created a metastable atomic hydrogen beam apparatus used to first observe the two-photon decay of metastable hydrogen and measure fundamental predictions of quantum theory.

neg: Robert Pound Robert Vivian Pound (May 16, 1919 – April 12, 2010) was an American physicist who helped discover nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) and who devised the famous Pound–Rebka experiment supporting general relativity. He became a tenured professor of physics at Harvard without ever having received a graduate degree.

neg: Francis Rudolph Shonka Francis Rudolph Shonka (18 April 1906 – 11 October 1970) was a physicist and inventor. Shonka was known for his pioneering work with ionizing radiation measurement devices and equipment. This equipment bears his name today as the: Shonka ionization chamber, the Shonka electrometer, and Shonka plastics.

neg: Digicon A digicon detector is a spatially resolved light detector using the photoelectric effect directly. It uses magnetic and electric fields operating in a vacuum to focus the electrons released from a photocathode by incoming light onto a collection of silicon diodes. It is a photon-counting instrument, so most useful for weak sources.

neg: Granville Beynon Sir William John Granville Beynon, CBE, FRS (24 May 1914 in Dunvant – 11 March 1996 in Aberystwyth) was a Welsh physicist. He co-operated with Sir Edward Victor Appleton, who had detected the terrestrial Ionosphere.

neg: Microchannel plate detector A micro-channel plate (MCP) is a planar component used for detection of particles (electrons, ions and neutrons) and impinging radiation (ultraviolet radiation and X-rays). It is closely related to an electron multiplier, as both intensify single particles or photons by the multiplication of electrons via secondary emission. However, because a microchannel plate detector has many separate channels, it can additionally provide spatial resolution.

neg: William Eccles William Henry Eccles FRS (23 August 1875 – 29 April 1966) was a British physicist and a pioneer in the development of radio communication.

neg: LeRoy Apker LeRoy W. Apker (June 11, 1915 – July 5, 1970) was an American experimental physicist. Along with his colleagues E. A. Taft and Jean Dickey, he studied the photoelectric emission of electrons from semiconductors and discovered the phenomenon of exciton-induced photoemission in potassium iodide. In 1955, he received the Oliver E. Buckley Condensed Matter Prize of the American Physical Society for his work.

neg: William D. Coolidge William David Coolidge ( ; October 23, 1873 – February 3, 1975) was an American physicist and engineer, who made major contributions to X-ray machines. He was the director of the General Electric Research Laboratory and a vice-president of the corporation. He was also famous for the development of "ductile tungsten", which is important for the incandescent light bulb.

neg: Oliver Lodge Sir Oliver Joseph Lodge, {'1': ", '2': ", '3': ", '4': "} (12 June 1851 – 22 August 1940) was a British physicist and writer involved in the development of, and holder of key patents for, radio. He identified electromagnetic radiation independent of Hertz' proof and at his 1894 Royal Institution lectures (""The Work of Hertz and Some of His Successors""), Lodge demonstrated an early radio wave detector he named the "coherer". In 1898 he was awarded the "syntonic" (or tuning) patent by the United States Patent Office. Lodge was Principal of the University of Birmingham from 1900 to 1920.

neg: C. Thomas Elliott Charles Thomas Elliott (known as Tom Elliott), FRS, CBE, is a leading scientist in the fields of narrow gap semiconductor and infrared detector research. Hailing from county Durham, after gaining his Ph.D., he worked at the University of Manchester before joining RRE in Malvern, Worcestershire in the late 1960s. In the 1970s he invented the SPRITE detector (Signal PRocessing In The Element) which was also known as the TED (Tom Elliott's Detector). This was a photoconductor device in which the infrared scene was scanned across the detector (made from HgCdTe) at the same rate as the carriers drifted under an applied controlled constant bias current. This device decame part of TICM - the standard UK thermal imaging common module used since the 1980s by UK armed forces. Tom Elliott received a Rank Prize in 1982 for this work and was elected a Fellow of the Royal Society in 1988.

neg: William Duddell William Du Bois Duddell (1 July 1872, Kensington, London – 4 November 1917, Wandsworth, London) was an English physicist and electrical engineer. His inventions include the moving coil oscillograph, as well as the thermo-ammeter and thermo-galvanometer.

neg: Donald Davies Donald Watts Davies, CBE, FRS (7 June 1924 – 28 May 2000) was a Welsh computer scientist who was employed at the UK National Physical Laboratory (NPL). In 1965 he developed the concept of packet switching, which is today the dominant basis for data communications in computer networks worldwide, and implemented it in the NPL network. This was independent of the work of Paul Baran in the United States who had a similar idea in the early 1960s. The ARPANET project credited Davies primarily for his influence.

neg: Scintillation counter A scintillation counter is an instrument for detecting and measuring ionizing radiation by using the excitation effect of incident radiation on a scintillator material, and detecting the resultant light pulses.

neg: John R. Wiegand John Richard Wiegand (born 1912, Germany) discovered the Wiegand effect, a physical phenomenon in which a special wire, called a "Wiegand wire", produces small magnetic fields. The accompanying Wiegand reader detects the magnetic pulses produced by the two-domain wire embedded within, typically, plastic cards. There is also a Wiegand interface commonly used to transmit the data collected by a Wiegand sensor in a card reader. The Wiegand effect was first thought to be a commercially viable solution to better ignition systems for internal combustion engines. Echlin Corporation, an automotive parts manufacturer owned Sensor Engineering of Hamden, Connecticut in the 1970s. That application was displaced by the electronic ignition system.

neg: John Arnold Cranston Dr John Arnold Cranston FRSE FRIC LLD (15 August 1891 – 25 April 1972) was a Scottish research chemist. He is credited with the development of isotopes and also the co-discovery of Protactinium (element 91). However this credit was claimed by others, not himself directly, and only caused controversy in the scientific world after the publishing of his obituary.


query: Who is the actor who was in the first "Star Wars" prequel trilogy and in a Christmas comedy film?

pos: Jingle All the Way Jingle All the Way is a 1996 American Christmas family comedy film directed by Brian Levant and starring Arnold Schwarzenegger and Sinbad, with Phil Hartman, Rita Wilson, Jake Lloyd, James Belushi and Robert Conrad. The plot focuses on two rival fathers, workaholic Howard Langston (Schwarzenegger) and stressed out postal worker Myron Larabee (Sinbad), both desperately trying to get a Turbo-Man action figure for their respective sons on a last minute shopping spree on Christmas Eve.

pos: Jake Lloyd Jake Matthew Lloyd (born March 5, 1989) is an American former actor who played young Anakin Skywalker in the 1999 film "", the first in the "Star Wars" prequel trilogy. He reprised this role in five subsequent "Star Wars" video games.

neg: Brian Thompson Brian Earl Thompson (born August 28, 1959) is an American actor. Thompson has worked in the action adventure and science fiction genres where his stature and unique appearance often lends him to imposing roles, although he has earned many comedic parts as well. His career began with a small role in the 1984 film "The Terminator". His second feature was the hit comedy "The Three Amigos". He played the villainous "Night Slasher" in the 1986 film Cobra. His first named role was on "Werewolf", a horror series that ran during Fox's inaugural broadcasting year of 1987–1988. Thompson has played several characters in the "Star Trek" franchise, the Alien Bounty Hunter on "The X-Files", and Eddie Fiori on "". In 2014, he produced, wrote and starred in the B movie parody "The Extendables".

neg: Christopher Knight (actor) Christopher Anton Knight (born November 7, 1957) is an American actor and businessman. He is known for playing Peter Brady on the 1970s series "The Brady Bunch". He has since gone on to become a successful businessman and enjoyed a semi-resurgence in the public eye with television appearances in the 2000s. His father, Edward Knight, was also an actor.

neg: Adam Harrington (U.S. actor) Adam Harrington is an American actor and comedian. His first credited acting role was in 2001.

neg: Finding Father Christmas Finding Father Christmas is a 2016 made-for-television Christmas romantic drama film directed by Terry Ingram and starring Erin Krakow and Niall Matter. It is an adaptation of the novels ""Finding Father Christmas"" and ""Engaging Father Christmas"" by Robin Jones Gunn. The film was produced by Hallmark Movies & Mysteries, and premiered on their network in the United States on November 13, 2016. A sequel to the film, entitled "Engaging Father Christmas" is due to be broadcast on the channel on November 12, 2017.

neg: Christmas Rematch La rivincita di Natale, internationally released as Christmas Rematch, is a 2004 Italian comedy-drama film directed by Pupi Avati. It is the sequel of the 1986 film "Christmas Present".

neg: Jango Fett Jango Fett is a fictional character in the "Star Wars" franchise, created by George Lucas. He made his debut in the 2002 film "", where he was portrayed by actor Temuera Morrison.

neg: Nate Torrence Nathan Andrew "Nate" Torrence (born December 1, 1977) is an American comedic actor known for playing the role of Wade Bailey on the HBO series "Hello Ladies" and for his numerous roles in television advertisements.

neg: Nativity! (film) Nativity! is a 2009 British Christmas comedy film directed by Debbie Isitt and released on 27 November 2009 and the first in the Nativity (film series). The film stars Martin Freeman and Ashley Jensen. The film is written by its director, Debbie Isitt, but is also partially improvised.

neg: Holiday Heart Holiday Heart is a 2000 TV movie starring Ving Rhames, Chandra Currelley, Alfre Woodard, and Mykelti Williamson. It was directed by Robert Townsend, aired on the cable TV channel Showtime, and was distributed on DVD by Metro-Goldwyn-Mayer. It was based on a play by Cheryl L. West, and involves a gay drag queen befriending a single mother and her daughter and trying to protect them from the criminal environment around them. It was nominated for a Golden Globe Award, for Woodard's performance, among other award nominations.

neg: Shane Baumel Shane F. Baumel (born February 12, 1997) is an American teen actor. The first movie he appeared in was "Daddy Day Care", with the role of Crispin. He also had a role in "Wild Hogs", starring Tim Allen, and appeared on TV a few times, in shows such as "Emperor's New School", as the voice of Tipo. And he appeared in the 2004 TV movie "A Boyfriend for Christmas". He has also appeared in "Adventures in Odyssey", a Christian radio drama, as the voice of Everett Meltsner.

neg: One Man Star Wars Trilogy One Man Star Wars Trilogy is an Off-Broadway play based on the original "Star Wars" trilogy, written and performed by Canadian actor Charles Ross, and directed by TJ Dawe. It premiered in Toronto, Ontario in January, 2001, and has since toured worldwide, with over 1,000 performances in 119 cities as of March 2007.

neg: John Callen John Callen (born November 4, 1946) is an English-born New Zealand character actor, voiceover artist and director. He is best known for portraying Óin, brother of Glóin in the 2012-2014 "The Hobbit" film trilogy.

neg: Oliver Ford Davies Oliver Robert Ford Davies (born 12 August 1939) is an English actor and writer, best known for his role as Sio Bibble in "Star Wars" to . He is also known for his role as Cressen in HBO series "Game of Thrones".

neg: Han Solo Han Solo is a character in the "Star Wars" franchise. In the original film trilogy, Han and his co-pilot, Chewbacca, became involved in the Rebel Alliance's struggle against the Galactic Empire. During the course of the "Star Wars" narrative, he becomes a chief figure in the Alliance and succeeding galactic governments. "Star Wars" creator George Lucas described the character as "a loner who realizes the importance of being part of a group and helping for the common good". Harrison Ford portrayed the character in the original "Star Wars" trilogy as well as "". Alden Ehrenreich will portray a young Han Solo in an upcoming, as yet untitled spinoff film.

neg: Terrence Howard Terrence Dashon Howard (born March 11, 1969) is an American actor and singer. Having his first major roles in the 1995 films "Dead Presidents" and "Mr. Holland's Opus", Howard broke into the mainstream with a succession of television and cinema roles between 2004 and 2006. He was nominated for the Academy Award for Best Actor for his role in "Hustle & Flow". Howard has had prominent roles in many other movies including "Winnie", "Ray", "Lackawanna Blues", "Crash", " Four Brothers", "Get Rich or Die Tryin'", "Idlewild", "August Rush", "The Brave One" and "Prisoners". Howard played James Rhodes in the first "Iron Man" and its video game adaptation, but he was replaced by Don Cheadle for the future films. He currently stars as the lead character Lucious Lyon in the television series "Empire". His debut album, "Shine Through It", was released in September 2008.

neg: Stephen Frost Stephen Frederick Eustace Frost (born 28 December 1955) is an English actor and comedian.

neg: Eric Christmas Eric Cuthbert Christmas (19 March 1916 – 22 July 2000) was a British stage and screen actor, with over 40 films and numerous television roles to his credit. He was well known for his role as Mr. Carter, the principal of Angel Beach High School, in the 1982 hit comedy "Porky's", the 1983 sequel "" and the 1985 sequel "Porky's Revenge!". He was also well known for his sporadic role as Reverend Diddymoe in the NBC sitcom, "Amen".

neg: Star Wars Gangsta Rap The "Star Wars Gangsta Rap" is a parody song based on the original "Star Wars" trilogy. The song was later popularized as a Flash animated music video and was the first winner of the Audience Choice Award in the Lucasfilm-sponsored Official Star Wars Fan Film Awards.

neg: Once Upon a Christmas (film) Once Upon a Christmas is a 2000 family film directed by Tibor Takács. It stars Kathy Ireland, John Dye, and Mary Donnelly-Haskell. The filming location was in Vancouver, British Columbia. It premiered on the PAX Network. As of 2009, it is shown in the 25 Days of Christmas programming block on ABC Family. In 2012, it was broadcast on the Hallmark Channel.

neg: Bradley Cooper Bradley Charles Cooper (born January 5, 1975) is an American actor. He was one of the world's highest-paid actors for three years, and has been nominated for various accolades, including four Academy Awards, two BAFTA Awards and two Golden Globe Awards. Cooper appeared in "Forbes" Celebrity 100 on two occasions and "Time"'s list of 100 most influential people in the world in 2015.


query: Sib Hashian, best known as the drummer for the rock band Boston played on which band member's 1980 self-titled solo album?

pos: Barry Goudreau (album) Barry Goudreau is the debut self-titled album of original Boston guitarist Barry Goudreau. Featuring Goudreau's Boston bandmates Brad Delp on lead vocals and Sib Hashian on drums (as well as future Boston singer Fran Cosmo), the album displays a sound very similar to that of Boston's first two releases, "Boston" (1976) and "Don't Look Back" (1978). However, neither this album nor any of Goudreau's subsequent releases with other acts (Orion The Hunter, RTZ) proved to be as commercially successful as his work with Boston. The album was released in 1980 and was Goudreau's only solo album. The song "Dreams" was released as a single in 1980, nearly cracking "Billboard"'s top 100. It still receives airplay today on Classic rock radio stations, as does "Mean Woman Blues".

pos: Sib Hashian John Thomas "Sib" Hashian (August 17, 1949 – March 22, 2017) was an American musician, best known as a drummer for the rock band Boston.

neg: Terry Bozzio Terry John Bozzio (born December 27, 1950) is an American drummer best known for his work with Missing Persons and Frank Zappa. He has been featured on nine solo or collaborative albums, 26 albums with Zappa, and seven albums with Missing Persons. He has been a prolific sideman, playing on numerous releases by other artists since the mid-1970s. He was inducted into the "Modern Drummer" Hall of Fame in 1997. His stepdaughter, Marina, is also a drummer and a member of the heavy metal band Aldious, and his son Raanen is also a drummer.

neg: The Fuzztones The Fuzztones are an American garage rock revival band formed in 1980. Founded by singer-guitarist Rudi Protrudi in New York City, the band has gone through several member changes but is currently active in Europe. Dismissed by some critics and listeners as a "bar band" or unoriginal, they maintained a strong fan base in New York, in Europe (with their music being played on Hungarian State Radio), and in Los Angeles. Rudi Protrudi moved to Los Angeles in 1987, after the breakup of the original band, to organize a new Fuzztones, consisting of Jordan Tarlow, (Lead Guitar) John "Speediejohn" Carlucci, (Bass) Jason Savall, (Vox Organ) & "Mad" Mike Czekaj on drums. This lineup bears the distinction of being the only 1980's garage rock revival band to secure a major label record deal , when they signed to RCA.

neg: The Beach Boys Love You The Beach Boys Love You is the 21st studio album by American rock band the Beach Boys, released on April 11, 1977. Originally planned as a Brian Wilson solo outing named "Brian Loves You", the album is almost entirely written and performed by Wilson, with the other band members mainly serving as additional lead vocalists. Penned during a process of mental and drug rehabilitation for Wilson, the album relies heavily on 1970s analog synthesizers, while the lyrics tend to be autobiographic or conversational. It was initially received with a sharp divide between fans and critics, peaking at No. 53 on US record charts. One single was issued from the album: "Honkin' Down the Highway" backed with "Solar System".

neg: Emily Rose Epstein Emily Rose Epstein is an American drummer. She is best known for her collaborations with the garage rock musicians Ty Segall and Mikal Cronin. She is a member of Segall's live band, and a former member of Cronin's.

neg: Jay Schellen Jay Schellen (born 20 May 1960) is an American drummer who is best known as a member of the hard rock band Hurricane. Schellen has also worked and currently working with a number of other heavy rock and progressive rock bands, including with Asia, World Trade, Circa, Unruly Child and several members of Yes.

neg: Requiem (Killing Joke song) "Requiem" is a song by English rock band Killing Joke. It was released in September 1980 by E.G. Records as the second single from their eponymous debut studio album. The song peaked at number 43 on the "Billboard" Hot Dance Club Songs chart.

neg: Moving Parts The Moving Parts was a late 1970s Boston-based rock music band. Though short-lived and little noticed during their career, the band's members went on to form parts of more influential bands Birdsongs of the Mesozoic and Mission of Burma.

neg: Radiator King Adam Silvestri, known professionally as Radiator King, is an American punk/blues singer-songwriter and guitarist from Boston, Massachusetts. He is the lead vocalist and sole member of the act, occasionally using a supporting band while on tour and in studio. When asked about the name Radiator King, Silvestri stated that it came from when he "titled a friend’s painting and it was suggested to him that he use that name for his next band".

neg: Max Franken Max Franken is the drummer of Minimal Compact, a rock band that achieved success in Europe in the 1980s. Born in Amsterdam, he is the only non-Israeli member of the band.

neg: Heaven Help the Fool Heaven Help The Fool was the second solo album by Grateful Dead rhythm guitarist Bob Weir, released in 1978. It was recorded during time off from touring, in the summer of 1977, while Grateful Dead drummer Mickey Hart recovered from injuries sustained in a vehicular accident. Weir returned to the studio with Keith Olsen, having recorded "Terrapin Station" with the producer earlier in the year. Several well-known studio musicians were hired for the project, including widely used session player Waddy Wachtel and Toto members David Paich and Mike Porcaro.

neg: Loverboy (Loverboy album) Loverboy was the debut album released by the rock band Loverboy in 1980.

neg: Norman "Dinky" Diamond Norman Victor "Dinky" Diamond (15 December 1950–10 September 2004) was a British drummer who played with the rock band Sparks at the height of their fame in the UK in the early 1970s, playing on the albums "Kimono My House" (1974), "Propaganda" (1974) and "Indiscreet" (1975). In 1975 Diamond was voted Drummer of the Year in a poll held by Premier Drums. He committed suicide by hanging in 2004 after a long-running dispute with noisy neighbours.

neg: The Stompers The Stompers are an American rock band formed in East Boston, Massachusetts in 1977. The group formed after lead vocalist, guitarist, and songwriter Sal Baglio and drummer Mark Cuccinello were joined by Stephen Gilligan on bass, and Dave Friedman on keyboards. On November 7, 1977, the band played their first show in Beverly, Massachusetts.

neg: Banned in Boston (The Jabbers album) Banned in Boston is an album by The Jabbers which collects all of their songs with frontman GG Allin recorded 1978–1984. This is the first time the band got credit for the songs they played—usually only Allin got the credit.

neg: 1980 (Brats album) 1980 is title of the debut album by Danish punk/metal band Brats.

neg: Jim Bonfanti James Alexander Bonfanti (born December 17, 1948 in Windber, Pennsylvania) is a rock drummer, best known as a member of the band Raspberries.

neg: Dan Panic Dan Sullivan, also known as Dan Panic or Danny Panic, is a punk rock drummer from Chicago.

neg: The Steve Howe Album The Steve Howe Album is Yes guitarist Steve Howe's second solo album. It was released in 1979. The album features Yes band members Alan White, Bill Bruford and Patrick Moraz. Also featured is Jethro Tull's former drummer Clive Bunker on percussion on one song.

neg: Echo Beach "Echo Beach" is a song recorded by the Canadian group Martha and the Muffins in 1979. Written by band member Mark Gane, it was released as a single from their album "Metro Music" in 1980 and won the Juno Award for Single of the Year. It was certified gold in Canada on October 1, 1980, a month after "Metro Music" achieved gold status. "Echo Beach" was the band's only significant international hit, although they had several other hits in Canada. It reached No. 10 on the UK Singles Chart, and No. 6 on the Australian Singles Chart (Kent Music Report).

neg: Tris Imboden Gregory Tristan "Tris" Imboden (born July 27, 1951) is an American rock and jazz drummer. As an educator, he has been a drum clinician and author of tutorial materials. As a performer, he has been in studio sessions and on tour with some of the most notable and highest-selling musicians of all time. s of 1990 , he has been best known as the lead drummer with the multi-platinum band, Chicago. He is a multi-platinum selling artist.


query: Polly Fashion, was a popular fashion doll competitor that competed with various fashion dolls, though the 1960s and 2000s originally made by Valentine Doll Co in 1962 to what year, it was sold through the American variety store chain, Family Dollar department stores, as a cheaper alternative to other fashion dolls?

pos: Polly Fashion (Model) Doll Polly was a popular fashion doll competitor that competed with various fashion dolls, though the 1960s and 2000s originally made by Valentine Doll Co in 1962 to 1964 and then by other manufactures for other companies through (1958–Present Known as the (Polly Series) she's currently being made by "Polyfect Toys" a private toy company in china. Sold through Family Dollar department stores, as a cheaper alternative to other fashion dolls.

pos: Family Dollar Family Dollar is an American variety store chain. With over 8,000 locations in all states except Alaska, Hawaii, Oregon and Washington, it is the second largest retailer of its type in the United States. Family Dollar is headquartered in Matthews, a suburb of Charlotte, North Carolina, where it employs 1,400 people.

neg: List of Hudson's Bay Company brands The Hudson's Bay Company, like most large retail and grocery chains, offers store brands, commonly referred to as "generic brands," which are lower cost alternatives to name brand products. The company has numerous store brands, each catering to a different consumer need or desire. Many products offered under the company's brands are private label products, which can be found in many different categories at most of the company's family of stores (The Bay, Home Outfitters, Designer Depot, and Fields). This is a list of the Hudson's Bay Company's brands.

neg: Cuddly Dudley Cuddly Dudley is a "lifesize" (at 28.5 inch tall) shiny plush stuffed animal nostalgic cocker spaniel doll that was used as a subscription sales promotional item by the "Chicago Tribune" in the mid-1960s. In addition, the animal took on a life of its own as a recurring character on Chicago children's TV for many years.

neg: Macy's Macy's, originally R. H. Macy & Co., is a department store owned by Macy's, Inc. It is one of two divisions owned by the company, with the other being Bloomingdale's. s of 2016 , the Macy's division operates 728 department store locations in the continental United States, Hawaii, Puerto Rico, and Guam, including the Herald Square flagship location in Midtown Manhattan, New York City.

neg: VPL (brand) VPL is an American fashion label founded in Fall 2003 by British born designer, Victoria Bartlett based on the idea of underwear as outerwear. This award-winning line filled a niche between lingerie and sportswear with utilitarian, stylish garments that were meant to be mixed, matched, and layered. Merging comfort, functionality, and fashion, VPL positioned itself well as an everyday uniform for a sophisticated, multi-faced clientele. The line grew in the high-end contemporary collection, and in 2013 it extended into fashion active with the addition of swim, shoes and accessories. VPL is certified as B-Corporation in 2016 and benefits women's education through women's clothing sustainably produced in the US.

neg: Dollfie Dollfie is a brand of vinyl doll created by the Japanese company Volks in 1997. It is a highly poseable hybrid of fashion doll and action figure. A Dollfie doll is about the size of a Barbie doll, 1/6 or , though there are variants in different heights ranging from 23 – . Dollfie dolls generally come blank, i.e., their heads are not painted. When an artist paints a Dollfie, the technique is referred to as a "face-up" or "make-up". Dollfie dolls are much more flexible than typical Barbie-style western fashion dolls of the same size, because of the much larger number of joints in the body.

neg: Charmin' Chatty Charmin' Chatty was a doll produced by the toy company Mattel in 1963 and 1964. The doll, introduced at the American Toy Fair in New York City in March 1963, belonged to a line of highly successful talking dolls introduced in 1960 (Chatty Cathy was the first of these dolls). Other chatty dolls in the line (and the year they were introduced) were Chatty Baby (1962), Tiny Chatty Baby (1963), Tiny Chatty Brother (1963) and Singin' Chatty (1965). Mattel trademarked the word "chatty" in the 1960s, and some of the packaging for its talking toys carried the tag line, "A Chatty doll by Mattel" or "A Chatty toy by Mattel". Mattel dolls such as Drowsy, Baby Cheryl, and Tatters had the tag line on their boxes that said, "A Chatty Doll by Mattel."

neg: 5-7-9 5-7-9 is a low to mid-end fashion retailer, commonly found in malls throughout the continental United States and Puerto Rico, and formerly Hawaii. It is a sister company to Rainbow Shops. The chain offers mid to low-priced fashions for young teens and young women between 13 and 22 years of age. The store's name refers to the junior miss clothing sizes the store specializes in.

neg: TJ Maxx TJ Maxx (often stylised as T•j•maxx) is an American department store chain, selling at prices generally lower than other major similar stores. It has more than 1,000 stores, making it one of the largest clothing retailers in the United States.

neg: Weinstock's Weinstock's, originally Weinstock, Lubin, and Co., was an American department store chain headquartered in Sacramento, California. It was founded by Harris Weinstock and his half-brother, David Lubin. The chain was purchased by Hale's in 1949, becoming part of Broadway-Hale Stores, later Carter Hawley Hale, which was later purchased by Federated Department Stores (now Macy's, Inc.) in 1995. Shortly after the purchase, most of the Weinstock's stores were converted to Macy's, while the remaining stores were either closed or sold.

neg: Baby Phat Baby Phat is an American apparel brand developed by model and entrepreneur Kimora Lee Simmons in 1999. The brand is the high-end line of Russell Simmon's Phat Fashions LLC label, and is carried in mid-market department including Macy's and Dillard's. The label is credited for catering to female urban wear in a market predominately geared toward men. In 2004, the label's parent company was acquired by Kellwood Company for $140 million.

neg: Pillow Pal Pillow Pals were a line of plush toys made by Ty, Inc. during the 1990s. The toys were given their name because they were soft like a pillow, and were made with children in mind. Though many of them resembled certain Beanie Babies, those that did not share names with their Beanie Baby counterparts. Such Pillow Pals saw a decline in popularity in the late 1990s with the introduction of Beanie Buddies, which were also larger versions of various Beanie Babies. In January 1999, all Pillow Pals were redesigned, and their colors were changed. This line did not sell well, and was discontinued by Ty around the end of the year. Today, PillowPals LLC takes children's drawings and replicates them into 3D pillows.

neg: Barbie Fashion Model Collection The Barbie Fashion Model Collection is a line of dolls introduced in 2000. The collection features dolls aimed at the adult collector, and is primarily sold via the Barbiecollector.com website and online retailers. The dolls in the collection are all made from a material called Silkstone, a durable material that simulates the weight and feel of porcelain dolls. To date, all of the female dolls have featured the 1993 resculpt of the original Barbie face from 1959, with updated facial screening and a variety of skin tones, hair colors, and fashion ensembles. The collection has also featured the Ken character, and as of 2011, the Francie character. In 2010, a line of dolls based on characters from the AMC television drama "Mad Men" were produced.

neg: List of American Girl characters American Girl is an American line of 18 in dolls released in 1986 by Pleasant Company. The dolls portray eight- to eleven-year-old girls of a variety of ethnicities. They are sold with accompanying books told from the viewpoint of the girls. Originally the stories focused on various periods of American history, but were expanded in 1995 to include contemporary characters and stories, the latest addition being WellieWishers, a line of 14.5 in dolls aimed for younger children.

neg: My Pet Monster My Pet Monster is a plush doll first produced by American Greetings in 1986. As one of the few plush dolls marketed to boys at the time, My Pet Monster was popular in the late 1980s and early 1990s. The doll has blue fur, horns and a fanged smile, and is recognizable by its orange plastic handcuffs. The handcuffs could also be worn by children and came with a breakaway link so that the child could simulate breaking the chain. Several versions of the doll have been released in various sizes and other attributes. Other characters were also created with brightly colored fur and unorthodox names like Gwonk, Wogster and Rark. Their popularity allowed a wealth of merchandise including coloring books, Golden Look-Look books, frame-tray puzzles and various other items.

neg: Five Below Five Below (Stylized as fiVe BEL°W) is an American publicly held chain of discount stores that sells products that cost up to $5. The chain is aimed at teens and pre-teens, but has many adult products as well. Stores are typically located in strip malls as opposed to standing alone. A large portion of Five Belows are located in college towns.

neg: Fluffy Stuff Fluffy Stuff is a brand of cotton candy that comes in a variety of fruit flavors, marketed by Tootsie Roll Industries, who acquired it in 2000. It is the largest producer of cotton candy in the United States. The candy is packed in moisture-resistant, airtight bags, to prevent moisture and airborne containments from spoiling the product. It is available in popular seasonal varieties, including Snow Balls (December), Cotton Tails (Easter), and Spider Webs (Halloween).

neg: Furryville Furryville is a German line of Mattel toys that launched in 2005. Furryville toys are small stuffed animals up to 3 inches in height. The line consists of many types of animals, usually sold in sets. They are typically packaged as either a family of four animals of the same species or as "two-furs", two toys sold together (but not always of the same species). A Furryville toy can also be sold individually, such as "Kangaroo Court" (a tennis-playing kangaroo) or "Sensational Groom" (a wedding skunk). They are available online only.

neg: Wigwam Stores Inc. Wigwam Stores Inc. was an American chain of discount department stores that was based in Seattle and operated across five states: Washington, Hawaii, Oregon, California and Arizona. The discount department store was a fairly new concept when Wigwam's first store opened in 1946. Wigwam Stores' goal was to sell a wide array of products at a lower cost.

neg: Online Stores Inc. Online Stores, Inc. is an e-commerce company based in New Stanton, Pennsylvania, specializing in retail niche markets that has been in operation since 2001. Its best-selling products are American flags. The privately owned company employs approximately 100 people and includes eight stores: United States Flag Store, English Tea Store, Discount Safety Gear Store, Safety Girl Store, Imprinted Store, Mobile Cases Store, ToySplash, Construction Gear Store.

neg: Asian fashion doll Asian fashion dolls are fashion dolls that are made by Asian manufacturers or primarily targeted to an Asian market. Some have received international attention, such as with Momoko Doll, and in 2005 the first annual Dollstyle convention was held in Tokyo.


query: What was the birth name of the pope who appointed the current secretary of the Congregation for Bishops?

pos: Ilson de Jesus Montanari Ilson de Jesus Montanari (born 18 July 1959) has been secretary of the Congregation for Bishops since his appointment by Pope Francis on 12 October 2013.

pos: Pope Francis Pope Francis (Latin: "Franciscus" ; Italian: "Francesco" ; Spanish: "Francisco" ; born Jorge Mario Bergoglio; 17 December 1936) is the 266th and current Pope of the Catholic Church, a title he holds "ex officio" as Bishop of Rome, and sovereign of Vatican City. He chose Francis as his papal name in honor of Saint Francis of Assisi. Francis is the first Jesuit pope, the first from the Americas, the first from the Southern Hemisphere, the first to choose a name not used by a predecessor since Lando in 913 AD, and the first pope from outside Europe since the Syrian Gregory III, who reigned in the 8th century.

neg: Pope Urban VIII Pope Urban VIII (Latin: "Urbanus VIII" ; baptised 5 April 1568 – 29 July 1644), reigned as pope from 6 August 1623 to his death in 1644. He expanded the papal territory by force of arms and advantageous politicking, and was also a prominent patron of the arts and a reformer of Church missions.

neg: Giovanni Antonio Farina Saint Giovanni Antonio Farina (11 January 1803 – 4 March 1888) was an Italian Roman Catholic bishop known for his compassionate treatment of the poor and for his enlightened views of education; he was sometimes dubbed as the "Bishop of the Poor". He served as the Bishop of Vicenza and later as the Bishop of Treviso; he is also known for ordaining the future Pope Pius X to the priesthood.

neg: Luigi Maglione Luigi Maglione (2 March 1877 – 23 August 1944) was an Italian Cardinal of the Roman Catholic Church. He was elevated to the cardinalate in 1935 and served as the Vatican Secretary of State under Pope Pius XII from 1939 until his death. Pius XII never replaced Maglione, opting to assume the responsibilities of the office himself, with the assistance of two undersecretaries.

neg: Renato Martino Renato Raffaele Martino (born 23 November 1932) is an Italian prelate of the Roman Catholic Church. He has been a cardinal since 2003. As the longest serving Cardinal Deacon since June 2014 he is the Cardinal Protodeacon. He served for more than twenty years in the diplomatic service of the Holy See, including sixteen years as Permanent Observer of the Holy See to the United Nations. He held positions in the Roman Curia from 2002 to 2009.

neg: Angelo Scola Angelo Scola (] ) (born 7 November 1941) is an Italian Cardinal of the Catholic Church, philosopher and theologian. He was appointed Archbishop of Milan by Pope Benedict XVI on 28 June 2011. He had served as Patriarch of Venice from 2002 to 2011. He was elevated to the rank of cardinal in 2003.

neg: Pope John XXIII Pope John XXIII (Latin: "Ioannes XXIII" ; Italian: "Giovanni XXIII" ; born Angelo Giuseppe Roncalli, ] ; 25 November 18813 June 1963) reigned as Pope from 28 October 1958 to his death in 1963 and was canonized on 27 April 2014. Angelo Giuseppe Roncalli was the fourth of fourteen children born to a family of sharecroppers who lived in a village in Lombardy. He was ordained to the priesthood on 10 August 1904 and served in a number of posts, including papal nuncio in France and a delegate to Bulgaria, Greece and Turkey. In a consistory on 12 January 1953 Pope Pius XII made Roncalli a cardinal as the Cardinal-Priest of Santa Prisca in addition to naming him as the Patriarch of Venice.

neg: Fabio Fabene Fabio Fabene (born 12 March 1959) has been the Under-Secretary of the Synod of Bishops since his appointment on 8 February 2014 by Pope Francis. He was consecrated bishop on 30 May 2014.

neg: Krikor Bedros XX Gabroyan Krikor Bedros XX Gabroyan (Armenian: Գրիգոր Պետրոս Ի. Կապրոյեան also known in English as Gregory Petros XX Gabroyan and in French as Grégoire Pierre XX Ghabroyan born in Aleppo, Syria on 14 November 1934) is the Catholicos-Patriarch of Cilicia of the Armenian Catholic Church after his election on 24 July 2015 and the necessary concession of the ecclesiastical full communion by Pope Francis one day later. He was officially enthroned on 9 August 2015.

neg: Pope Pius X Pope Saint Pius X (Italian: "Pio X" ), born Giuseppe Melchiorre Sarto, (2 June 1835 – 20 August 1914) was Pope from August 1903 to his death in 1914. He was canonized in 1954. Pius X is known for vigorously opposing modernist interpretations of Catholic doctrine, promoting traditional devotional practices and orthodox theology. His most important reform was to order the codification of the first Code of Canon Law, which collected the laws of the Church into one volume for the first time. He was also considered a pastoral pope, in the sense of encouraging personal holiness, piety and a daily lifestyle reflecting deep Christian values. He was born in the town of Riese, which would later append "Pio X" (Pius X's name in Italian) to the town's name.

neg: Antonio María Javierre Ortas Antonio María Javierre Ortas S.D.B. (21 February 1921 – 1 February 2007) was a cardinal of the Catholic Church, and former prefect of the Congregation for Divine Worship and the Discipline of the Sacraments in the Vatican.

neg: Pope Clement IX Pope Clement IX (Latin: "Clemens IX" ; 28 January 1600 – 9 December 1669), born Giulio Rospigliosi, was Pope from 20 June 1667 to his death in 1669.

neg: Ignatius Moses I Daoud Ignatius Basile Moses I Daoud (or "Moussa Daoud") (Syriac: ܐܝܓܢܐܛܝܘܣ ܡܘܫܐ ܩܕܡܝܐ ܕܐܘܕ ) (born 18 September 1930 – 7 April 2012) was Patriarch Emeritus of Antioch for the Syrian Catholic Church, a Cardinal Bishop (because he was an Eastern Patriarch elevated to Cardinal), and Prefect Emeritus of the Congregation for the Oriental Churches in the Catholic Church.

neg: Pontifical Commission for Latin America The Pontifical Commission for Latin America is a department of the Roman Curia. Established by Pope Pius XII on 19 April, 1958, it is charged with providing assistance to and examining matters pertaining to the Church in Latin America. The Commission operates under the auspices of the Congregation for Bishops.

neg: Cláudio Hummes Cláudio Hummes, OFM (] , born 8 August 1934) is a Brazilian Cardinal of the Roman Catholic Church. He served as prefect of the Congregation for the Clergy in the Roman Curia (2006–2010), having previously served as Archbishop of Fortaleza from 1996 to 1998 and archbishop of São Paulo from 1998 to 2006. A member of the Order of Friars Minor and an outspoken proponent of social justice, he was elevated to the cardinalate in the consistory of 21 February 2001.

neg: Pope Gregory IX Pope Gregory IX Latin: "Gregorius IX" (born Ugolino di Conti; c. 1145 or before 1170 – 22 August 1241), was Pope from 19 March 1227 to his death in 1241. He is known for issuing the "Decretales" and instituting the Papal Inquisition, a mechanism that severely punished people accused of heresy, in response to the failures of the episcopal inquisitions established during the time of Pope Lucius III through his papal bull "Ad abolendam" issued in 1184.

neg: Francesco Bracci Francesco Bracci (November 5, 1879 – March 24, 1967) was an Italian Cardinal of the Roman Catholic Church. He served as Secretary of the Sacred Congregation for the Discipline of the Sacraments in the Roman Curia from 1935 to 1958, and was elevated to the cardinalate in 1958.

neg: Domenico Calcagno Domenico Calcagno (born 3 February 1943) is an Italian prelate of the Catholic Church. He has been a bishop since 2002 and a cardinal since 2012.

neg: Pope Pius VIII Pope Pius VIII (20 November 1761 – 30 November 1830), born Francesco Saverio Castiglioni, reigned as Pope from 31 March 1829 to his death in 1830.

neg: Pope Innocent II Pope Innocent II (Latin: "Innocentius II" ; died 23 September 1143), born Gregorio Papareschi, was Pope from 14 February 1130 to his death in 1143. His election was controversial and the first eight years of his reign were marked by a struggle for recognition against the supporters of Antipope Anacletus II. He reached an understanding with Lothair II, Holy Roman Emperor who supported him against Anacletus and whom he crowned King of the Romans. Innocent went on to preside over the Second Lateran council.

neg: Christophe Pierre Christophe Louis Yves Georges Pierre (born 30 January 1946) is French-born Roman Catholic prelate and diplomat in the service of the Holy See. An archbishop since 1995, he was appointed the apostolic nuncio (ambassador) to the United States on 12 April 2016, after serving as nuncio to Mexico from 2007 to 2016. He previously held the post of nuncio to Haiti and Uganda.


query: Waterfalls was the follow-up to the hit from what solo album?

pos: Waterfalls (Paul McCartney song) "Waterfalls" is a Paul McCartney ballad from his first solo album after Wings, "McCartney II". The song has a stripped-down sound, with McCartney only playing a Fender Rhodes electric piano and a synthesizer and singing, and a short solo most likely played on an acoustic guitar. It was released as a single with "Check My Machine" as its B-Side and reached chart position #9 in the UK. In the US, however, it was his first single ever to miss the "Billboard" Hot 100 chart, only reaching number 106 despite being the follow-up to the number one hit "Coming Up". In 2013, "Rolling Stone" rated it the #25 all-time Paul McCartney post-Beatles song, describing how it contrasted with Wings' prior single.

pos: Coming Up (song) "Coming Up" is a song written and performed by Paul McCartney. It is the opening track on his 1980 solo album "McCartney II". Like other songs on the album, the song has a minimalist synthesised feel to it. It featured vocals sped up by using a vari-speed tape machine. McCartney played all instruments and shared vocal harmonies with wife Linda McCartney.

neg: Go Your Own Way (album) Go Your Own Way is the second studio album to have been released by British singer-songwriter and former "Pop Idol" runner-up, Gareth Gates. The album is essence split into two sections, with tracks one to ten representing "Night", and tracks eleven to nineteen "Day". In some regions, such as the United Kingdom and Europe, the two regions are split across in two discs; in other regions, the entire album is contained on one disc. The album is Gates' last release on the Sony BMG record label, as sales of "Go Your Own Way" were much lower than his first studio album, "What My Heart Wants to Say", resulting in his record deal being terminated. Three singles were released from the album: "Spirit in the Sky", "Sunshine" and "Say It Isn't So".

neg: Red Rain (song) "Red Rain" is the first track on English rock musician Peter Gabriel's 1986 solo album "So". In the USA, it was the second single from the album and reached number three on "Billboard" magazine's Mainstream Rock chart in 1986, where it stayed for three weeks between July and August. In the rest of the world it was not released until 1987 and received less airplay and sales, peaking at 46 in the UK singles chart after entering the chart in July of that year. A live version also charted in the US and the UK in 1994.

neg: You're So Close "You're So Close" is a song by English musician Peter Murphy, from his fourth solo studio album "Holy Smoke" (1992). Written by Murphy and Paul Statham, the song was released in 1992 as the second single from the album, through Beggars Banquet and RCA Records. Despite not matching with the success of the lead single off the album, "The Sweetest Drop", the song charted on "Billboard" Modern Rock Tracks, peaking at number 18.

neg: Only Everything Only Everything is the second solo album by Juliana Hatfield, released in 1995. Two singles with accompanying music videos were released from the album: "What a Life" and "Universal Heart-Beat". "Universal Heart-Beat" peaked at #5 on Billboard's Modern Rock Tracks in 1995.

neg: The Waterfall (album) The Waterfall is the seventh studio album by American rock band My Morning Jacket. Produced by Tucker Martine and group frontman Jim James, the album was released on May 4, 2015 by ATO Records and Capitol Records. My Morning Jacket rose to prominence in the 2000s with a string of acclaimed albums and praised live performances. Its sixth album, "Circuital" (2011), was equally well received. The band toured in support of it for two years before taking a break. They regrouped in late 2013 to begin work on "The Waterfall", a process which took eighteen months.

neg: Songs of Love & Loss 2 Songs of Love & Loss 2 is the ninth studio album by Australian singer-songwriter Tina Arena, released on 15 November 2008 by EMI in Australia. Her second cover album, it follows on from "Songs of Love & Loss", released in 2007, and includes covers of songs by Blondie, Lulu, Alice Cooper and Split Enz among others. The first single, "Oh Me Oh My", was released to Australian radio on 22 October 2008 and made available for download on 8 November. The album was certified gold by the Australian Recording Industry Association for sales in excess of thirty-five thousand just three days after its release and debuted at No. 12 on the ARIA Albums Chart. A limited edition was released featuring a bonus DVD with a 10-minute documentary on the making of the album. The documentary was also available as a video download with pre-orders of the album from the iTunes Store. The digital release also contained a bonus track, a cover of Petula Clark's 1964 hit "Downtown".

neg: World Falling Down World Falling Down is the fourth solo album for music artist Peter Cetera, released in June 1992, and his third album since leaving the group Chicago.

neg: Hits (Kylie Minogue album) Hits is a compilation album by Australian recording artist Kylie Minogue. It was released solely in Japan, Hong Kong and the Philippines by EMI. The compilation contains songs from "Light Years" (2000), "Fever" (2001), "Body Language" (2003), "Ultimate Kylie" (2004), "Showgirl Homecoming Live" (2007), "X" (2007) and "Aphrodite" (2010), in addition to a remix of "Get Outta My Way" by Japanese electronic musician Yasutaka Nakata of capsule. A special edition was also released, including a bonus DVD of music videos.

neg: Up (Olly Murs song) "Up" is a song by English singer Olly Murs, released on 1 December 2014 as the second single from his fourth studio album, "Never Been Better" (2014). It features American singer Demi Lovato and is also featured on the deluxe version of Lovato's fourth album, "Demi". It was written and produced by Daniel Davidsen, Peter Wallevik and Cutfather, with additional writing from Wayne Hector, and Maegan Cottone.

neg: Gold (Olivia Newton-John album) Olivia Newton-John: Gold is a double album of Olivia Newton-John's greatest hits, released in 2005. It contains all but one of her solo "Billboard" Hot 100 hits (excluding "I Need Love") and is the first CD to contain the track "Fool Country" (a B-side to "Magic" and contained in the film "Xanadu", but not available on the soundtrack). The album is considered the most thorough of all of Newton-John's many compilation albums.

neg: T-Shirt (Shontelle song) "T-Shirt" is the first solo single released by Barbadian singer Shontelle from her album "Shontelligence" (2008). It is her second official single following the release of 2007's "Roll It" which was released only in select European countries. A remix, featuring The-Dream, is included on her second album, "No Gravity" (2010). The single peaked at number thirty six on the "Billboard" Hot 100 in the United States, but peaked within the top ten of the charts in Belgium and the United Kingdom. In the latter country, "T-Shirt" was certified silver by the British Phonographic Industry.

neg: Whitesnake (album) Whitesnake is the self-titled seventh studio album by British rock band of the same name, released in 1987. The album produced a major power ballad hit, "Is This Love", along with the number one hit "Here I Go Again". The album was a major crossover hit eventually selling over eight million copies in the US (and thus going eight times platinum). The album peaked at No. 2 on the US "Billboard" 200 and No. 8 on the UK Albums Chart. Its success in the US boosted its predecessor, "Slide It In", from gold to double platinum status. Its success would see the band receive a nomination for the Brit Award for Best British Group in 1988.

neg: Solo (Solo album) Solo is the debut studio album by American R&B group Solo, released September 12, 1995 via Perspective Records. The album was executive produced by Jimmy Jam and Terry Lewis, and it peaked at #52 on the "Billboard" 200.

neg: Rufus Wainwright discography The discography of Rufus Wainwright, a Canadian-American singer-songwriter, consists of seven studio albums, three live albums, three compilations, three extended plays (EPs), three video albums, nine singles, and nine music videos. Wainwright's self-titled debut album was released through DreamWorks Records in May 1998. Although his success was limited, Wainwright reached #24 on "Billboard's" Top Heatseekers chart, and "Rolling Stone" named him 1998's Best New Artist. Wainwright's second album, "Poses", was released through the same label in June 2001, resulting in the #1 position on the Heatseekers Chart and #117 on the "Billboard" 200. With material recorded from the same session, "Want One" was released through DreamWorks in September 2003, and "Want Two" was released through Geffen Records in November 2004.

neg: Scatman's World (song) "Scatman's World" is a song by American artist Scatman John. It was released in June 1995 the second single from the album of the same name and the follow-up to the international hit "Scatman (Ski Ba Bop Ba Dop Bop)". The song entered at number fourteen of its first week in the UK Singles chart, and then peaked at number ten. Around the world the single held its own and sold well removing any fans' doubts of Larkin being a one-hit-wonder.

neg: Honesty (Alex Parks song) "Honesty" is the second and final single from Alex Parks' second album, and is the title track. It was released as a single on 23 January 2006. Despite hopes that it would revive interest in the album, it received little promotion or distribution, and peaked at #56 on the UK Singles Chart.

neg: Alone (Bee Gees song) "Alone" is a song by the Bee Gees. It is the opening track on the multi-platinum "Still Waters" album released by the Bee Gees in 1997, and the first single from the album. The song is a pop ballad written by Barry, Robin and Maurice Gibb recorded in 1996. The track was a big hit worldwide, peaking at number 5 in the UK and dominating the charts in Hong Kong, Thailand and Malaysia at number 1. In the US the single peaked at number 28, making it their final top 40 hit in that country, after being a "Billboard" "Hot Shot" debut at number 34.

neg: Grow Up (Olly Murs song) "Grow Up" is a song performed by English singer-songwriter Olly Murs. The song was released as a digital download in the United Kingdom on 7 October 2016 as the second single from his fifth studio album "24 Hrs" (2016). The song has peaked at number 25 on the UK Singles Chart. The song was written by Olly Murs, Steve Robson, Camille Purcell, Wayne Hector.

neg: Waterfalls (Timomatic song) "Waterfalls" is a song by Nigerian-born Australian singer-songwriter and dancer Timomatic. It was released as a digital download in Australia on 13 September 2013. The song peaked at number 26 on the Australian Singles Chart.

neg: Hush (LL Cool J song) "Hush" is the second single from LL Cool J's eleventh album, "The DEFinition". It was released on February 15, 2005 for Def Jam Recordings, produced by Timbaland, LL Cool J and Eric "NY Nicks, featuring vocals by 7 Aurelius, and was the follow-up to "Headsprung". Though not as successful as "Headsprung" (in North America), "Hush" still managed to make a dent on the Billboard charts; peaking at #26 on the "Billboard" Hot 100, #11 on the Hot Rap Singles chart and #14 on the Hot R&B/Hip-Hop Songs chart. However, "Hush" saw top ten success in the United Kingdom, where it entered and peaked at #3 on the UK Singles Chart.