query: The Battle of Jericho, located in Tell es-Sultan, was documented in what book of the Bible?

pos: Battle of Jericho According to the Book of Joshua, the Battle of Jericho was the first battle of the Israelites in their conquest of Canaan. According to , the walls of Jericho fell after Joshua's Israelite army marched around the city blowing their trumpets. Excavations at Tell es-Sultan, the biblical Jericho, have failed to produce data to substantiate the biblical story, and scholars are virtually unanimous that the Book of Joshua holds little historical value.

pos: Tell es-Sultan The first permanent settlement on the site developed between 10,000 and 9000 BCE. During the Younger Dryas period of cold and drought, permanent habitation of any one location was impossible. However, Tell es-Sultan was a popular camping ground for Natufian hunter-gatherer groups due to the nearby Ein as-Sultan spring; these hunter-gatherers left a scattering of crescent-shaped microlith tools behind them. Around 9600 BCE the droughts and cold of the Younger Dryas stadial came to an end, making it possible for Natufian groups to extend the duration of their stay, eventually leading to year-round habitation and permanent settlement. Epipaleolithic construction at the site appears to predate the invention of agriculture, with the construction of Natufian structures beginning earlier than 9000 BC, the very beginning of the Holocene epoch in geologic history.

neg: Book of Lamentations The Book of Lamentations (Hebrew: אֵיכָה , "‘Êykhôh", from its incipit meaning "how") is a collection of poetic laments for the destruction of Jerusalem. In the Hebrew Bible it appears in the Ketuvim ("Writings"), beside the Song of Songs, Book of Ruth, Ecclesiastes and the Book of Esther (the Megilloth or "Five Scrolls"), although there is no set order; in the Christian Old Testament it follows the Book of Jeremiah, as the prophet Jeremiah is its traditional author. Jeremiah's authorship is no longer generally accepted, although it is generally accepted that the destruction of Jerusalem by Babylon in 586 BCE forms the background to the poems. The book is partly a traditional "city lament" mourning the desertion of the city by God, its destruction, and the ultimate return of the divinity, and partly a funeral dirge in which the bereaved bewails and addresses the dead. The tone is bleak: God does not speak, the degree of suffering is presented as undeserved, and expectations of future redemption are minimal.

neg: Ezekiel 45 Ezekiel 45 is the forty-fifth chapter of the Book of Ezekiel in the Hebrew Bible or the Old Testament of the Christian Bible. This book contains the prophecies spoken by the prophet Ezekiel, and is a part of the Books of the Prophets. Chapters 40-48 give the ideal picture of a new temple. This chapter contains Ezekiel's vision of the portion of land for the sanctuary, Ezekiel 45:1-5, for the city, Ezekiel 45:6, and for the prince, Ezekiel 45:7,8; the ordinances for the prince, Ezekiel 45:9-25.

neg: Ezekiel 34 Ezekiel 34 is the thirty-fourth chapter of the Book of Ezekiel in the Hebrew Bible or the Old Testament of the Christian Bible. This book contains the prophecies spoken by the prophet Ezekiel, and is a part of the Books of the Prophets.

neg: Battle of Gibeah The Battle of Gibeah is an episode related in the Book of Judges in the Hebrew Bible. The battle was triggered by an incident in which the concubine of a man from the Tribe of Levi was raped by members of the Tribe of Benjamin and later died. The Levite had offered his concubine to the mob in his place. In the morning he found the concubine unresponsive on the doorstep. He later cut her body into twelve pieces, and sent the pieces throughout all the territories of the Israelite tribes.

neg: Ezekiel 18 Ezekiel 18 is the eighteenth chapter of the Book of Ezekiel in the Hebrew Bible or the Old Testament of the Christian Bible. This book contains the prophecies spoken by the prophet Ezekiel, and is one of the Books of the Prophets.

neg: Gibeah Gibeah ( ; Hebrew: גבעה "Giv'a") is a place name appearing in several books of the Bible. It is generally identified with a hill in Jerusalem, on the outskirts of the Pisgat Ze'ev and Shuafat neighborhoods, known as Tell el-Ful. However, this identification was challenged by Israel Finkelstein in 2011.

neg: Ezekiel 14 Ezekiel 14 is the fourteenth chapter of the Book of Ezekiel in the Hebrew Bible or the Old Testament of the Christian Bible. This book contains the prophecies spoken by the prophet Ezekiel, and is one of the Books of the Prophets. This chapter records a visit of some Israeli elders to Ezekiel and God's response through the prophet dealing with the sins of idolatry.

neg: Tarshish Tarshish (Hebrew: תַּרְשִׁישׁ  ) occurs in the Hebrew Bible with several uncertain meanings, most frequently as a place (probably a large city or region) far across the sea from the Land of Israel and Phoenicia (Tarshish is currently the name of a village in Mount Lebanon District in Lebanon). Tarshish was said to have supplied vast quantities of important metals to Israel and Phoenicia. The same place-name occurs in the Akkadian inscriptions of Esarhaddon (the Assyrian king, d. 669 BC) and also on the Phoenician inscription on the Nora Stone; its precise location was never commonly known, and was eventually lost in antiquity. Legends grew up around it over time so that its identity has been the subject of scholarly research and commentary for more than two thousand years. Its importance stems in part from the fact that Hebrew biblical passages tend to understand Tarshish as a source of King Solomon's great wealth in metals - especially silver, but also gold, tin and iron (Ezekiel 27). The metals were reportedly obtained in partnership with King Hiram of Phoenician Tyre (Isaiah 23), and the fleets of Tarshish-ships. However, Solomon's Temple was destroyed by the Babylonians, thus archaeological evidence has been difficult to uncover.

neg: Wall of Jericho The Wall of Jericho was a Pre-Pottery Neolithic A (PPNA) defensive or flood protection wall suggested to date to approximately 8000 BC. If interpreted as an "urban fortification", the Wall of Jericho is the oldest city wall discovered by archaeologists anywhere in the world. It is built of undressed stones and is located at the archaeological mound known as Tell es-Sultan, in the city of Jericho on the West Bank.

neg: Zaretan Zaretan (also known as Zarethan or Zeredathah) is a city mentioned in the Bible, as near the location where the Hebrews crossed the Jordan (Joshua 3:16). In the books of Joshua (3:16, KJV "Zaretan") and 1 Kings (4:12 KJV "Zartanah", 7:46 "Zarthan"), it is called Zarethan, but in 2 Chronicles it is called 'Zeredathah (4:17, KJV).

neg: Battle of Megiddo (1918) The Battle of Megiddo (Turkish: "" ) also known in Turkish as the "Nablus Hezimeti" ("Rout of Nablus"), or the "Nablus Yarması" ("Breakthrough at Nablus") was fought between 19 and 25 September 1918, on the Plain of Sharon, in front of Tulkarm, Tabsor and Arara in the Judean Hills as well as on the Esdralon Plain at Nazareth, Afulah, Beisan, Jenin and Samakh.

neg: British occupation of the Jordan Valley The occupation of the Jordan Valley by the Egyptian Expeditionary Force (EEF) began in February 1918 during the Sinai and Palestine Campaign of World War I. After the Capture of Jericho in February the Auckland Mounted Rifle Regiment began patrolling an area of the Jordan Valley near Jericho at the base of the road from Jerusalem. Towards the end of March the First Transjordan attack on Amman and the First Battle of Amman were launched from the Jordan Valley followed a few weeks later by the equally unsuccessful Second Transjordan attack on Shunet Nimrin and Es Salt at the end of April. During this time the occupation of the Jordan was fully established and continued through the summer of 1918. The occupation ended in September with the Battle of Megiddo which consisted of the Battle of Sharon and the Battle of Nablus. The Third Transjordan attack and Second Battle of Amman were fought as part of the Battle of Nablus.

neg: Jericho Jericho ( ; Arabic: أريحا  "Arīḥā " ] ; Hebrew: יְרִיחוֹ "Yeriḥo ") is a city in the Palestinian Territories and is located near the Jordan River in the West Bank. It is the administrative seat of the Jericho Governorate, and is governed by the Fatah faction of the Palestinian National Authority. In 2007, it had a population of 18,346. The city was occupied by Jordan from 1949 to 1967, and has been held under Israeli occupation since 1967; administrative control was handed over to the Palestinian Authority in 1994. It is believed to be one of the oldest inhabited cities in the world and the city with the oldest known protective wall in the world. It was thought to have the oldest stone tower in the world as well, but excavations at Tell Qaramel in Syria have discovered stone towers that are even older.

neg: Jabesh-Gilead Jabesh-Gilead (also "Yavesh Gil'ad") is an ancient town referred to in four books of the Hebrew Bible. Some biblical scholars believe it to have been located east of the Jordan River, in the vicinity of Wadi Yabes.

neg: Ezra Ezra ( ; Hebrew: עזרא , "Ezra "; fl. 480–440 BCE), also called Ezra the Scribe (, "Ezra ha-Sofer ") and Ezra the Priest in the Book of Ezra, was a Jewish scribe and a priest. In Greco-Latin Ezra is called Esdras (Greek: Ἔσδρας ). According to the Hebrew Bible he was a descendant of Seraiah ( ) the last High Priest to serve in the First Temple ( ), and a close relative of Joshua the first High Priest of the Second Temple ( CJB and similar translations only; see also ). He returned from Babylonian exile and reintroduced the Torah in Jerusalem ( and ). According to 1 Esdras, a Greek translation of the Book of Ezra still in use in Eastern Orthodoxy, he was also a High Priest. Rabbinic tradition holds that he was only a common priest.

neg: Kidron Valley The Kidron Valley (classical transliteration, "Cedron", from Hebrew: נחל קדרון  , "Naḥal Qidron", literally Qidron River; also Qidron Valley; Arabic: وادي الجوز  , "Wadi al-Joz" for the upper segment near the Temple Mount, and "Wadi an-Nar" for the rest of it) is the valley on the eastern side of The Old City of Jerusalem, separating the Temple Mount from the Mount of Olives. It continues east through the Judean Desert in the West Bank, towards the Dead Sea, descending 4000 feet along its 20-mile course. The settlement Kedar, located on a ridge above the valley, is named after it. The neighborhood of Wadi al-Joz bears the valley's Arabic name. The Hebrew Bible calls it "Emek Yehoshafat", the "Valley of Jehoshaphat". It appears in Jewish eschatologic prophecies, which include the return of Elijah, followed by the arrival of the Messiah, and the War of Gog and Magog and Judgment Day.

neg: Deir Es-Sultan Deir El-Sultan is a monastery located on the roof of the Church of the Holy Sepulchre in Jerusalem. The "Status Quo", a 250-year old understanding between religious communities, applies to the site.

neg: Geshem the Arabian Geshem the Arabian (or Geshem the Arab; Hebrew: גֶשֶׁם הָעַרְבִי) is the only Arab person mentioned in the Hebrew bible. He was an ally of Sanballat and Tobiah and adversary of Nehemiah (Neh. ii. 19, vi. 1). In Neh. vi. 6 he is called "Gashmu," which is probably more correct, as an Arab tribe named "Gushamu" is known (Cook, "Aramaic Glossary," s.v. ). When Nehemiah proceeded to rebuild the walls of Jerusalem, the Samaritans and the Arabs made efforts to hinder him. Geshem or Gashmu, who probably was the chief of the Arabs, joined the Samaritans and accused Nehemiah of conspiracy against the Persian king.

neg: Battle of Mount Tabor (biblical) The biblical Battle of Mount Tabor takes place during the time of the Book of Judges (recorded in chapters 4 and 5) between Canaanite forces of the king of Hazor and the Israelite army led by Barak and Deborah.

neg: Ezekiel 32 Ezekiel 32 is the thirty-second chapter of the Book of Ezekiel in the Hebrew Bible or the Old Testament of the Christian Bible. This book contains the prophecies spoken by the prophet Ezekiel, and is a part of the Books of the Prophets.


query: How many silent films did the director of "The Soul of Youth" direct between 1914 and 1922?

pos: The Soul of Youth The Soul of Youth is a 1920 American silent drama film directed by William Desmond Taylor, produced and distributed by Realart Pictures. Produced under the working title "The Boy", it stars Lewis Sargent and Lila Lee.

pos: William Desmond Taylor William Desmond Taylor (26 April 1872 – 1 February 1922) was an Irish-born American director and actor. He was a popular figure in the growing Hollywood motion-picture colony of the 1910s and early 1920s, having directed 59 silent films between 1914 and 1922 and acted in 27 between 1913 and 1915.

neg: Destinies Fulfilled Destinies Fulfilled is a 1914 American silent short film drama film directed by Lorimer Johnston. The film stars Charlotte Burton, Sydney Ayres, Jacques Jaccard, Violet Neitz, Joseph Knight, Louise Lester, Jack Richardson, Vivian Rich, and Harry Van Meter.

neg: Eugene Mullin Eugene Mullin (December 18, 1894 – April 15, 1967) was an American screenwriter and film director of the silent era. He wrote for 66 films between 1909 and 1925. He also directed seven films between 1910 and 1921. He was born in Brooklyn, New York and died in Long Island, New York.

neg: Hearts of Youth Hearts of Youth is a 1921 American silent film based on the novel "Ishmael" by E. D. E. N. Southworth. The film was directed by Tom Miranda and Millard Webb, with Webb writing the adaption for the screen. The movie stars Harold Goodwin, Colin Kenny, and Iris Ashton, and was released by the Fox Film Corporation

neg: The Woman of His Dream The Woman of His Dream is a 1921 British silent drama film directed by Harold M. Shaw and starring Mary Dibley, Alec Fraser and Sydney Seaward. It was adapted from a novel by Ethel M. Dell.

neg: E.K. Lincoln Edward Kline Lincoln (August 8, 1884 - January 9, 1958) was an American silent film actor and director. Lincoln appeared in over 65 silent films and was best known for movies like "For the Freedom of the World" (1917), "The Light in the Dark" (1922), and "Man of Courage" (1922).

neg: Hobart Henley Hobart Henley (born Hess Manassah Henle, November 23, 1887 - May 22, 1964) was an American silent film actor, director, and screenwriter. He was involved in well over 60 films either as an actor or director or both in his twenty-year career, between 1914 and 1934 when he retired from filmmaking.

neg: Francis J. Grandon Francis "Frank" J. Grandon (1879 – July 11, 1929) was an American silent film actor and director who acted in almost 100 films and directed over 100. Frank Grandon's obituary, printed in newspapers from coast-to- coast, called him "the father of movie serial motion pictures" and a mentor to many young film stars.

neg: The Cradle (1922 film) The Cradle is a 1922 American silent drama film directed by Paul Powell and written by Olga Printzlau. The film stars Ethel Clayton, Charles Meredith, Mary Jane Irving, Anna Lehr, Walter McGrail, and Adele Farrington. The film was released on March 4, 1922, by Paramount Pictures.

neg: In the Hands of a Brute In the Hands of a Brute is a 1914 American silent film produced by Sid Films and distributed by Warner's Features. It was directed by Sidney Olcott with himself, Valentine Grant, and Arthur Donaldson in the leading roles.

neg: Silent Witnesses Silent Witnesses (Немые свидетели) is a 1914 Russian film directed by Yevgeni Bauer about the relationship between masters and servants in pre-revolutionary Russia.

neg: Boy of Mine Boy of Mine is a 1923 American silent family drama film directed by William Beaudine. It stars Ben Alexander, Rockliffe Fellowes, and Henry B. Walthall. Wendy L. Marshall stated that "Beaudine had the Midas touch when it came to directing children" in films like this and "Penrod and Sam".

neg: The Light in the Dark The Light in the Dark (aka The Light of Faith and Light of Faith) is a 1922 American silent film directed by Clarence Brown and stars Lon Chaney.

neg: The Tower of Silence (film) The Tower of Silence (German: Der Turm des Schweigens) is a 1924 German mystic melodrama directed by Johannes Guter and starring Xenia Desni and Nigel Barrie. "The Tower of Silence" is a silent film, and one of the few films by Guter to survive. In 2007 it became the director's first film to be restored for modern audiences.

neg: Albert Paulig Albert Paulig (14 January 1873 – 19 March 1933) was a German film actor who was popular during the silent era. Paulig made his first film in 1914. The following year he appeared in one of Ernst Lubitsch's first directorial attempts "A Trip on the Ice" (1915). Paulig was in a number of Harry Piel thrillers including "The Man Without Nerves" (1924).

neg: A Soul Astray A Soul Astray is a 1914 American silent short drama film directed by Tom Ricketts. The film stars Charlotte Burton, William Bertram, Edith Borella, Ed Coxen, Reaves Eason, George Field and Winifred Greenwood.

neg: Pages of Life (film) Pages of Life is a 1922 silent British drama film directed by Adelqui Migliar and starring Evelyn Brent. The film is considered to be lost.

neg: Allen Curtis Allen Curtis (1877 – 24 November 1961), was an American film director of the silent era. He directed 278 films between 1913 and 1922. He was born in New York, New York and died in Hollywood, California.

neg: The Fall of Jerusalem The Fall of Jerusalem (German:Jeremias) is a 1922 German silent historical film directed by Eugen Illés and starring Carl de V. Hundt, Theodor Becker and Jaro Fürth.

neg: The Butterfly (1914 film) The Butterfly is a 1914 American silent short film directed by Tom Ricketts starring Charlotte Burton, George Field, Edward Coxen, Edith Borella, Jean Durrell, Ida Lewis and John Steppling.

neg: Our Dancing Daughters Our Dancing Daughters is a 1928 American silent drama film, starring Joan Crawford and John Mack Brown, about the "loosening of youth morals" that took place during the 1920s. The film was directed by Harry Beaumont and produced by Hunt Stromberg. This was the film that made Joan Crawford a major star, a position she held for the following half century.


query: Harry Cunningham founded the big box store that is headquartered in what Illinois city?

pos: Harry Cunningham Harry B. Cunningham (1907 in Pennsylvania – November 11, 1992 in North Palm Beach, Florida) was an American businessman and retailer who founded Kmart in 1962, along with S. S. Kresge. Cunningham had a vision to convert the retail chain into a discounter. At the time, Cunningham was sharply criticized by some, including Kresge shareholders, as possibly destroying the company. The success of Kmart proved his vision.

pos: Kmart Kmart is an American big box department store chain headquartered in Hoffman Estates, Illinois, United States. The chain purchased Sears for $11 billion in 2005, forming a new corporation under the name Sears Holdings Corporation. The Kmart name was incorporated in 1916 while the first store didn't open its doors until 1962. At its peak in 2000, Kmart operated 2,171 stores including 105 Super Kmart Center locations. For the 2005 fiscal year under the new company, the Kmart store count was at 1,416 with only 55 Super Kmart Center locations. Currently, the chain is operating 624 stores with only 1 Super Kmart Center location remaining (Store #4939 in Warren, OH). This number is the amount of stores that still exist after the closings that took place during the first quarter of 2017.

neg: Red Owl (retail chain) Red Owl was a grocery store chain in the United States, headquartered in Hopkins, Minnesota. Founded in 1922, it was initially owned and operated by a private investment firm affiliated with General Mills, and purchased in 1968 by Gamble-Skogmo.

neg: Newman's Newman's was an American department store chain based out of Joplin, Missouri. Newman Mercantile Company was started by Jewish entrepreneur Joseph Newman, a German immigrant, in the mid 19th century. Joseph Newman's son Albert and son in law Gabe Newburger opened the first Newman's dry goods store in Joplin in 1898. In 1910 Newman's relocated their Joplin store to the newly built Newman Brothers Building located at the corner of 6th & Main in downtown Joplin. Newman's department store operated out of that building until 1972, when they relocated to the newly completed Northpark Mall.

neg: Kuhn's-Big K Kuhn's-Big K, usually advertised as "Big K," was a large discount store chain in the Southeastern United States that merged with Wal-Mart in 1981 (locations in Charleston, SC and Myrtle Beach, SC were known as "Big-K Edwards" after Big K purchased the locally owned Edwards chain). It once comprised 119 stores. The company maintained headquarters in Nashville, Tennessee.

neg: Topco Topco Associates LLC is the largest American retail food GPO (Group Purchasing Organization) and the third largest private company in Illinois.

neg: Countryside Shopping Center Countryside Shopping Center is located in Countryside, Illinois. A recent rehab project is underway, with hopes of drawing more retailers to the sagging shopping area. The plaza is home to many big box retailers.

neg: Market Square (Lake Forest, Illinois) Market Square is a shopping center located in Lake Forest, Illinois, United States, in the Chicago metropolitan area. Opened in 1916, it is notable as one of the earliest planned shopping centers, and is often cited as the first planned shopping center in the United States.

neg: Astoria, Illinois Astoria (formerly "Vienna") is an incorporated town in Fulton County, Illinois, United States. The population was 1,141 at the 2010 census.

neg: Lincolnshire Commons The Lincolnshire Commons is an upscale lifestyle center located in Lincolnshire, Illinois. The center hosts numerous high-end restaurants, and promeninent retailers. The 140000 sqft center is a popular shopping area in Chicago's affluent north suburbs.

neg: Macy's Macy's, originally R. H. Macy & Co., is a department store owned by Macy's, Inc. It is one of two divisions owned by the company, with the other being Bloomingdale's. s of 2016 , the Macy's division operates 728 department store locations in the continental United States, Hawaii, Puerto Rico, and Guam, including the Herald Square flagship location in Midtown Manhattan, New York City.

neg: BigMachines BigMachines is a software company, founded in 2000 by Godard Abel and Christopher Shutts and headquartered in Deerfield, Illinois, United States with development offices in San Mateo, California and Hyderabad, India. BigMachines also has European operations with offices in Frankfurt am Main, Germany, and London served by BigMachines AG as well as offices in Singapore, Tokyo, and Sydney, serving Asia-pacific. The company's software is designed to integrate with enterprise resource planning (ERP), customer relationship management (CRM), and other business systems.

neg: Bergner's Bergner's is an upscale midwestern department store established in 1889. The current flagship store is located in Peoria, Illinois at The Shoppes at Grande Prairie.

neg: Gurnee Mills Gurnee Mills is an indoor shopping mall, established in Gurnee, Illinois, a village west of Waukegan, Illinois. It is located about halfway between Chicago, Illinois and Milwaukee, Wisconsin, a 40-minute drive either way, and near Six Flags Great America. It is a single-level Z-shaped mall. At 1912969 sqft of gross leasable area, it is the third largest mall in Illinois, and is visited by more than 20 million people each year. Gurnee Mills opened on August 8, 1991.

neg: Shoe Carnival Shoe Carnival is an American retailer of family footwear. The company operates 419 stores throughout the midwest, south, and southeast regions. It was founded by David Russell in 1978 and is headquartered in Evansville, Indiana.

neg: Siegel-Cooper Company The Siegel-Cooper Company was a department store that opened in Chicago in 1887 and expanded into New York City in 1896. At the time of its opening, the New York store was the largest in the world.

neg: Meijer Meijer, Inc. ( ) is a regional American supercenter chain with its corporate headquarters in Walker, Michigan, in the Grand Rapids metropolitan area. Founded in 1934 as a supermarket chain, Meijer is credited with pioneering the modern supercenter concept in 1962. About half of the company's 200 stores are located in Michigan's Lower Peninsula, with additional locations in Illinois, Indiana, Kentucky, Ohio, and Wisconsin. Meijer has no affiliation with Fred Meyer. The chain was ranked No. 19 on Forbes' 2015 list of "America's Largest Private Companies" and 19 in Fortune's 2008 "The 35 largest U.S. private companies". In 2016, "Supermarket News" ranked Meijer No. 15 in the 2016 Top 75 U.S. & Canadian Food Retailers & Wholesalers. Based on 2015 revenue, Meijer is the 26th-largest retailer in the United States.

neg: Forman Mills Forman Mills, Inc. is a Pennsauken, New Jersey-based retail chain and department store with 35 stores, located in Philadelphia, Baltimore, Delaware, New Jersey, Washington DC, Chicago, Cleveland, Detroit, New York City and their suburbs. They also operate a store at the Iverson Mall in Hillcrest Heights, Maryland. It was begun by Richard Forman when he started selling items at the Columbus Farmers Market. The chain is known for their low-priced designer clothing such as shirts, pants, shorts, capri pants, and hats.

neg: Heilig-Meyers Heilig-Meyers was a retail furniture store chain founded in Goldsboro, North Carolina, in 1913 by two Lithuanian immigrants, W. A. Heilig and J. M. Meyers. Its corporate headquarters was in Richmond, Virginia. The chain grew to become the largest furniture retailer in the United States in the 1990s, ultimately having over 1,000 stores nationwide (including Puerto Rico).

neg: United Cigar Stores United Cigar Stores was the largest chain of cigar stores in the United States. Though initially specializing in cigars, it eventually sold many other items, such as Mickey Mouse watches and shoe trees. The chain was founded in 1901. The chain represented the interests of the Consolidated Tobacco Company, the tobacco trust that controlled the American Tobacco Company and others. In September 1903 a settlement was reached with the chain's competitors and all competition ended. By 1926 the chain had close to 3000 retail stores.

neg: Naperville, Illinois Naperville ( ) is a city in DuPage and Will counties in the U.S. state of Illinois, and a suburb of Chicago. In a 2010 study assessing cities with populations exceeding 75,000, Naperville was ranked as the wealthiest city in the Midwest and the eleventh wealthiest in the nation. It was ranked among the nation's safest cities by USAToday and Business Insider. Naperville was voted the second-best place to live in the United States by "Money" magazine in 2006 and it was rated first on the list of best cities for early retirement in 2013 by Kiplinger. As of the 2010 census, the city had a population of 141,853, which was estimated to have increased to 147,100 by July 2015. It is the fifth-largest city in Illinois.

neg: Nuts on Clark Nuts on Clark is a gourmet popcorn, caramel corn, cheese corn, and nuts retailer and manufacturer based on the north side of Chicago. Located on Clark Street near Wrigley Field, the company was founded by a Chicago couple in 1979. Herbert Kenney founded it while Estelle, his wife, created the "NUTS ON CLARK" name, logo and store designs. Nuts on Clark has since expanded to locations at O'Hare International Airport and Chicago Midway International Airport as well as Soldier Field and Chicago Union Station, becoming known as something of a Chicago icon. Nuts on Clark also ships tins of their popcorn nationwide (minus Alaska and Hawaii).


query: Edward F. Cline and Alexander Butler, share which occupation?

pos: Edward F. Cline Edward Francis Cline (November 4, 1891 – May 22, 1961) was an American screenwriter, actor, writer and director best known for his work with comedians W. C. Fields and Buster Keaton. He was born in Kenosha, Wisconsin and died in Hollywood, California.

pos: Alexander Butler Alexander Butler was a British film director who made over sixty features and short films during the 1910s and 1920s including many for G.B. Samuelson's production company. Butler directed several British films in Hollywood in 1920, where Samuelson had made an arrangement with Universal Pictures. Amongst his notable films are the Sherlock Holmes adaptation "The Valley of Fear" (1916) and the early British horror film "The Beetle" (1919).

neg: Arthur M. Schlesinger Sr. Arthur Meier Schlesinger Sr. ( ; (February 27, 1888 – October 30, 1965) was an American historian who taught at Harvard University, pioneering social history and urban history. He was a Progressive Era intellectual who stressed material causes (such as economic profit and conflict between businessmen and farmers) and downplayed ideology and values as motivations for historical actors. He was highly influential as a director of PhD dissertations at Harvard for three decades, especially in the fields of social, women's, and immigration history. His son, Arthur M. Schlesinger Jr. (1917–2007),

neg: Howard F. Cline Howard F. Cline (June 12, 1915 – June 1, 1971, Washington DC) was an American government official and historian, specialising in Latin America. Cline served as Director of the Hispanic Foundation at the Library of Congress from 1952 until his death in June 1971. He was one of the founders of the Latin American Studies Association. He was also active in the Conference on Latin American History (CLAH), the professional organization of Latin American historians, which he chaired in 1964. He is still highly regarded as a scholar "devoted to and effective in the promotion of Latin American studies in the United States."

neg: Claes G. Ryn Claes Gösta Ryn (born 12 June 1943) is a Swedish-born, American academic and educator.

neg: Mary E.L. Butler Mary E. L. Butler (1874-1920) (Irish: Máire de Buitléir ) was an Irish writer and Irish-language activist.

neg: J. Turner Butler James Turner Butler (April 27, 1882 – September 29, 1969) was an American politician in the state of Florida.

neg: Victor Cline Victor B. Cline (1925–2013) was a University of California, Berkeley Ph D in Psychology, a research scientist with the George Washington University’s Human Resources Research Office, and an Emeritus Professor in Psychology at the University of Utah. His private clinical practice was in Salt Lake City, Utah.

neg: Charles Clegg Charles Myron Clegg, Jr. (June 29, 1916 – August 25, 1979) was an American author, photographer, and railroad historian. Clegg is primarily remembered as the lifelong companion of famed railroad author Lucius Beebe, and was a co-author of many of Beebe's best-known books.

neg: Clement Moore Butler Clement Moore Butler (1810-1890) was an Episcopal clergyman who served as Chaplain of the Senate (1850-1853).

neg: Bob Cline Robert Corde Cline (born May 6, 1933) is an American politician in the state of California. He served in the California House of Representatives as a Republican from 1971 to 1980.

neg: Charles DeLano Hine Charles DeLano Hine (March 15, 1867 – Feb. 13, 1927) was an American civil engineer, lawyer, railway official, and Colonel in the United States Army. He receives academic credit for studying organizations as a separate field, rather than a "smaller sister of sociology.".

neg: Matthew Butler Matthew Calbraith Butler (March 8, 1836April 14, 1909) was an American military commander and attorney and politician from South Carolina. He served as a major general in the Confederate States Army during the American Civil War, postbellum three-term United States Senator, and a major general in the United States Army during the Spanish–American War.

neg: James Baldwin James Arthur "Jimmy" Baldwin (August 2, 1924 – December 1, 1987) was an American writer and social critic. His essays, as collected in "Notes of a Native Son" (1955), explore palpable yet unspoken intricacies of racial, sexual, and class distinctions in Western societies, most notably in mid-20th-century America. Some of Baldwin's essays are book-length, for instance "The Fire Next Time" (1963), "No Name in the Street" (1972), and "The Devil Finds Work" (1976). An unfinished manuscript, "Remember This House", was expanded upon and adapted for cinema as the Academy Award-nominated documentary film "I Am Not Your Negro".

neg: Henry C. Metcalf Henry Clayton Metcalf (February 22, 1867 – August 1942) was an early American organizational theorist, Professor of Political Science at Tufts College in Massachusetts and Chairman of Tufts College, known from his publications on management with Ordway Tead and Lyndall Urwick.

neg: The Butler The Butler (full title Lee Daniels' The Butler) is a 2013 American historical drama film directed and produced by Lee Daniels and written by Danny Strong. Loosely based on the real life of Eugene Allen, the film stars Forest Whitaker as Cecil Gaines, an African-American who is a witness of notable political and social events of the 20th century during his 34-year tenure serving as a White House butler. In addition to Whitaker, the film's all-star cast also features Oprah Winfrey, John Cusack, Jane Fonda, Alex Pettyfer, Cuba Gooding Jr., Terrence Howard, Lenny Kravitz, James Marsden, David Oyelowo, Vanessa Redgrave, Alan Rickman, Liev Schreiber, Robin Williams, Minka Kelly, Mariah Carey and Clarence Williams III. It was the last film produced by Laura Ziskin, who died in 2011.

neg: Butler House (Oxon Hill, Maryland) The Butler House is a historic home of importance to local African American history and located at Oxon Hill, Prince George's County, Maryland, United States. Henry Alexander Butler, a free African American man from Charles County, moved with his family to the property in 1853, and the property has been continuously associated with the Butler family. Henry Butler became a Reconstruction era community leader, serving as trustee of the nearby Freedmen's Bureau school. The Butler House is a 2 ⁄ -story, one room deep wood-frame and log residence covered in cast stone. It sits in a secluded, forested area, adjacent to the Oxon Hill Children's Farm. As of December 2010, the house is in a severely dilapidated condition.

neg: William 'Billy' Butler William Henry Butler, also known as Billy Butler, is a British/Canadian musician, composer, sound designer, record producer and recording engineer. He is a recipient of several major music and sound production awards including an Emmy Award, two Leo Awards and a Juno Award.

neg: Philip Alexander Bell Philip Alexander Bell (1808-1886) was a 19th century American newspaper editor and abolitionist. Born in New York City, he made his first public speech at the 1832 Colored Convention, and was active in a variety of issues, including abolition, suffrage, and the protection of fugitives. As a young man, he worked for William Lloyd Garrison's anti-slavery newspaper The Liberator. In 1837, he started the New York City newspaper "The Weekly Advocate" edited by Samuel Cornish, later renamed the "Colored American" and co-owned by Charles Bennett Ray. In 1860, he moved to San Francisco where he became co-editor of the African-American newspaper "The Pacific Appeal" and later, founder and editor of "The San Francisco Elevator" during the Reconstruction Era.

neg: Edward Mann Butler Edward Mann Butler (July 13, 1784 – November 1, 1855) was one of Kentucky's most prominent early educators. He is best remembered as being the first president of what would become the University of Louisville and heading the first public school in Kentucky.

neg: Butler May Butler "String Beans" May (August 18, 1894 – November 17, 1917) was an American vaudeville performer, singer, pianist and comedian. He has been described as "the greatest attraction in African-American vaudeville, the first recognizable blues star," and was known "for his streetwise humor, contortive vernacular dancing, and outrageous blues piano playing." He was said to have been the highest-paid black entertainer in the country at the time of his accidental death at the age of 23, and has been claimed as "the model for Jelly Roll [Morton], at least as a stage entertainer and perhaps even as a blues pianist". No recordings of May exist.

neg: Henry Cline Henry Cline (1750–1827) was an English surgeon and president of the Royal College of Surgeons.


query: Which university has been established longer on its current site, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill or Princeton University?

pos: University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, also known as UNC, or simply Carolina, is a public research university located in Chapel Hill, North Carolina, United States. It is one of the 17 campuses of the University of North Carolina system. After being chartered in 1789, the university first began enrolling students in 1795, which also allows it to be one of three schools to claim the title of the oldest public university in the United States.

pos: Princeton University Princeton University is a private Ivy League research university in Princeton, New Jersey, United States. Founded in 1746 in Elizabeth as the College of New Jersey, Princeton is the fourth-oldest institution of higher education in the United States and one of the nine colonial colleges chartered before the American Revolution. The institution moved to Newark in 1747, then to the current site nine years later, where it was renamed Princeton University in 1896.

neg: Northern Caribbean University Northern Caribbean University (NCU) is a private, liberal-arts institution owned and operated by the Jamaica Union Conference (JAMU) and the Atlantic Caribbean Union Mission (ACUM) of Seventh-day Adventists, and is located in Jamaica. With its main campus only 2 miles south of Mandeville town, in Manchester, and three other campuses situated in Kingston, Montego Bay and Salem Runaway Bay, St. Ann, this university offers a number of professional, pre-professional and vocational programmes in a spiritually wholesome and aesthetically pleasing atmosphere. Established in 1907, NCU currently enjoys an average yearly enrolment of over five thousand students, from up to 35 countries, and is the world’s largest English speaking Seventh-day Adventist tertiary institution.

neg: Princeton Reunions The Princeton Reunions are an annual college reunion event held every year on the weekend before commencement at Princeton University. It is known as the best-attended college reunion in the world. Known simply as "Reunions", this event brings back to campus upwards of 25,000 alumni and guests for a four-day celebration featuring large outdoor tents, elaborate costumes, sporting events, alumni and faculty presentations, fireworks, and bands from rock to swing.

neg: Princeton Theology The Princeton Theology was a tradition of conservative, Christian, Reformed and Presbyterian theology at Princeton Theological Seminary lasting from the founding of that institution in 1812 until the 1920s, after which, due to the increasing influence of theological liberalism at the school, the last Princeton theologians left to found Westminster Theological Seminary. The appellation has special reference to certain theologians, from Archibald Alexander to B.B. Warfield, and their particular blend of teaching, which together with its Old School Presbyterian Calvinist orthodoxy sought to express a warm Evangelicalism and a high standard of scholarship. W. Andrew Hoffecker argues that they strove to "maintain a balance between the intellectual and affective elements in the Christian faith."

neg: Triangle Universities Nuclear Laboratory The Triangle Universities Nuclear Laboratory, abbreviated as TUNL (pronounced as "tunnel"), is a tripartite research consortium operated by Duke University, the University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, and North Carolina State University. The laboratory is located on the West Campus of Duke University in Durham, North Carolina. Researchers are now drawn from several other universities around the United States in addition to members from the founding universities. TUNL also participates in long term collaborations with universities and laboratories around the world. Funding for TUNL comes primarily from the United States Department of Energy Office of Nuclear Physics.

neg: Trinity Historic District Trinity Historic District, also called Trinity Park is a national historic district and residential neighborhood located near the East Campus of Duke University in Durham, North Carolina. The district encompasses 751 contributing buildings in a predominantly residential section of Durham. They were built between the 1890s and 1960 and include notable examples of Queen Anne and Bungalow / American Craftsman style architecture. Located in the district are the separately listed "Faculty Row" cottage: the Bassett House, Cranford-Wannamaker House, Crowell House, and Pegram House. Other notable buildings include the George W. Watts School (1917), Julian S. Carr Junior High School (1922), Durham High School (1923), Durham Alliance Church (1927), Trinity Presbyterian Church (1925), Great A & P Tea Company (1927-1929), Grace Lutheran Church (c. 1950), and the former Greek Orthodox Community Church (c. 1950).

neg: University Press Club The University Press Club is an organization of Princeton University undergraduates who work as professional freelance journalists for local, regional, and national publications. It is the only student-run group of its kind in the country. Press Club alumni have gone on to careers in journalism at publications including "The New York Times", the "Washington Post", "Vanity Fair", "Forbes", and the "New Yorker" and have won the Pulitzer Prize.

neg: Palmer Square Palmer Square is a public square and planned development in the heart of Princeton, New Jersey across from Nassau Street and Princeton University that today forms a collection of shops, restaurants, offices and residential spaces.

neg: Rockefeller College John D. Rockefeller 3rd College, or "Rocky", is one of six residential colleges at Princeton University, United States. It was founded in 1982, making it the third residential college to be established at Princeton. It is named for John D. Rockefeller 3rd, Princeton Class of 1929, who served as a major donor and longtime trustee of the University.

neg: Drew University Drew University is a coeducational private university located in Madison, New Jersey, in the United States. Drew has been nicknamed the "University in the Forest" because of the serenity of its wooded 186 acres campus when compared to the busy suburban area surrounding the school. As of fall 2017, more than 2,000 students are pursuing degrees at the university's three schools.

neg: Princeton High School (Illinois) Princeton High School was founded in 1867 and graduated its first class in 1869. The school was started as a boarding school and taught subjects as English, mathematics, history, and the sciences. The school was enlarged in both 1894 and 1908 in order to accommodate for increases in attendance. The school was completely destroyed by fire on December 15, 1924. Plans were then drawn up to build a new school, but in the mean time classes were held in City Hall, the Post Office, and the Christian and Mission Covenant Churches in Princeton. The new school opened its doors on September 27, 1926. The building, 350 ft long and 100 ft wide, contained twenty classrooms; an auditorium seating 1,100; a library; a science lecture room; chemistry, physics and botanical laboratories; and a gymnasium. The building is still in use today, though several additions and remodelings have taken place since then.

neg: Seton Hall University College of Nursing The Seton Hall University College of Nursing is one of the eight schools and colleges of Seton Hall University, the Catholic University of New Jersey, and is located in South Orange. The SHU College of Nursing was the first school in New Jersey and the first Catholic school on the east coast to offer an undergraduate program in nursing. Seton Hall's graduate nursing program is also ranked as one of the top 100 in the nation by "US News & World Report". The College was named in 1971 and took its place in the Caroline D. Schwartz Building, which is conjoined with the Arts and Sciences Hall. The College of Nursing offers several degree programs including doctoral level study.

neg: Chapel Hill-Carrboro Chamber of Commerce The Chapel Hill-Carrboro Chamber of Commerce is the local chamber of commerce for the towns of Chapel Hill and Carrboro, and Southern Orange County in North Carolina, United States. The Chamber of Commerce's role has included working with the University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill's Athletic Department to promote visitor spending in the downtown area and helping businesses to relocate to Franklin Street and substantially vacant shopping malls, such as Meadowmont on the eastern edge of Chapel Hill. Along with UNC's Center for Global Initiatives, School of Social Work, and Office of the Vice Chancellor for Research and Economic Development, and Duke University's Center for International Development, the Chamber of Commerce is part of the Institute for Sustainable Development.

neg: University of Denver The University of Denver (DU) is a coeducational, four-year university in Denver, Colorado. Founded in 1864, it is the oldest independent private university in the Rocky Mountain Region of the United States. DU enrolls approximately 5,600 undergraduate students and 6,100 graduate students. The 125 acre main campus is a designated arboretum and is located primarily in the University Neighborhood, about five miles (8 km) south of downtown Denver.

neg: Nassau Presbyterian Church The Nassau Presbyterian Church is a historic congregation located at 61 Nassau Street in Princeton, New Jersey, United States. It has been the home of many important figures in the history of Presbyterianism in the United States as a result of its proximity to Princeton University and the Princeton Theological Seminary. The church operates the Princeton Cemetery and is a contributing property to the Princeton Historic District. The current pastor is The Reverend Dr. David A. Davis.

neg: The Old Princeton School The Princeton School is a former school building located in the Village of Princeton outside New Castle, Pennsylvania. It was opened in late December 1928, almost seventy years after the village of Princeton was founded. The school has been operated as both a high school and an elementary school during its years of operation. It is not to be confused with the smaller nearby schoolhouse known as the "Old" Princeton School. The building and surrounding property was purchased by Carlson Mining around 1977 for use as an office for its operations. The company also used the garages behind the school for storage. After Carlson Mining ceased mining operations, Jack Carlson (owner of Carlson Mining) began renting out the gymnasium and the old classrooms as office space.

neg: Ackland Art Museum The Ackland Art Museum is a museum and academic unit of The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill. It was founded through the bequest of William Hayes Ackland (1855–1940) to The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill. It is located at 101 S. Columbia Street near the intersection of Franklin Street at the northern edge of campus.

neg: Princeton, New Jersey Princeton is a municipality with a borough form of government in Mercer County, New Jersey, United States, that was established in its current form on January 1, 2013, through the consolidation of the Borough of Princeton and Princeton Township. As of the 2010 United States Census, the municipality's population was 28,572, reflecting the former township's population of 16,265, along with the 12,307 in the former borough.

neg: Princeton Cemetery Princeton Cemetery is located in Princeton, New Jersey. It is owned by the Nassau Presbyterian Church. John F. Hageman in his 1878 history of Princeton, New Jersey refers to the cemetery as: "The Westminster Abbey of the United States."

neg: History of the University of Pittsburgh The University of Pittsburgh, commonly referred to as Pitt, is an independent, state-related, doctoral/research university in Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, United States. For most of its history, Pitt was a private institution until it became part of the Commonwealth System of Higher Education in 1966.

neg: Princeton University Chapel The Princeton University Chapel is located on that university's main campus in Princeton, New Jersey, United States. It replaces an older chapel that burned down in 1920. Designed in 1921 by Ralph Adams Cram in his signature Collegiate Gothic style, it was built by the university between 1924 and 1928 at a cost of $2.3 million. Martin Luther King, Jr., delivered a sermon there in 1960. The chapel was rededicated in an interfaith ceremony in 2002 following a major two-year restoration.


query: Phil Dent and Lisa Raymond, have which occupation?

pos: Phil Dent Philip Clive Dent (born 14 February 1950), is a former professional tennis player. Dent's high water mark as a pro singles player was reaching the Australian Open final in 1974, which he lost to Jimmy Connors in four sets. Dent was also the Men's Doubles champion at the Australian Open in 1975 (with teammate John Alexander), and the Mixed Doubles champion at the US Open in 1976 (with teammate Billie Jean King).

pos: Lisa Raymond Lisa Raymond (born August 10, 1973) is an American retired professional tennis player who has achieved notable success in doubles tennis. Raymond has 11 Grand Slam titles to her name: 6 in women's doubles and 5 in mixed doubles. On June 12, 2000, she reached the world number one ranking in doubles. Her career high singles ranking was fifteenth in October 1997.

neg: Phil Lollar Phil Lollar (born August 6, 1959) is an American writer, director, voice actor, and producer for the Focus on the Family-created radio drama, "Adventures in Odyssey". He is credited as being one of the show's creators. He also provided the voice for one of characters from the show, Dale Jacobs. He also worked on the "", the "Little Dogs on the Prairie" videos and Big Idea's "3-2-1 Penguins!" series. He is currently a script supervisor for "Paws and Tales" and is developing a project called "Iliad House".

neg: Lisa Loring Lisa Loring (born Lisa Ann DeCinces on February 16, 1958) is an American actress. She is best known for having played Wednesday Addams on the 1964–66 sitcom "The Addams Family".

neg: Raymond Rougeau Raymond Rougeau (born February 18, 1955) is a Canadian television presenter,

neg: Lisa Paulsen Lisa Paulsen is the current President and CEO of the Entertainment Industry Foundation.

neg: Phil Simon Phil Simon (born ca. 1972) is an American speaker, journalist, and author. He writes about management, technology, publishing, disruption, communication, and analytics.

neg: Lisa Moore (writer) Lisa Moore (born 28 March 1964) is a Canadian writer.

neg: Lisa Parry Lisa Parry is a British playwright and poet, who also freelances as a journalist.

neg: Lisa Hammond Lisa Hammond (b. 1956) is a British studio potter. She is a Fellow of the Craft Potters Association of Britain. She has specialised in vapour glazing since leaving college, first using salt and, since the early 1980s, soda glaze. She produces a range of functional ware for the preparation, cooking and serving of food. Alongside functional ware, she makes a range of work that she describes as "individual and playful".

neg: Lisa Eldridge Lisa Eldridge is a make-up artist, creative director, and author.

neg: Phil Roman Philip Roman (born December 21, 1930 in Fresno, California) is an American animator. He is the founder of animation studios Film Roman and Phil Roman Entertainment. Roman is of Mexican American descent.

neg: Lisa Arch Lisa Arch (née Kushell; born November 23, 1971) is an American comedian and actress known for her roles in the 1997–98 season of the FOX Network comedy show, "MADtv", as cohost of TBS's "Dinner and a Movie" from 2002 to 2005, and as the recurring character of Samantha Samuels on Disney Channel's "Cory in the House". Arch has also been in movies, such as 2007's "Evan Almighty".

neg: Lisa Crafts Lisa Crafts is an American animator and moving image artist whose interdisciplinary work has addressed issues of environmental uncertainty, sexuality, creativity and chaos.

neg: Lisa A. Callif Lisa A. Callif is an American entertainment attorney specializing in independent film. She works in all aspects of the field with a focus on clearance work – making it possible for filmmakers to use a limited amount of unlicensed material in their projects by utilizing the U.S. Copyright Law’s fair use doctrine.

neg: Phil Trow Phil Trow (born 9 September 1966 in Manchester) is a broadcaster at BBC Radio Manchester and has worked in radio for over 20 years.

neg: Lisa Lobsinger Lisa Lobsinger is an indie rock singer from Calgary, Alberta, Canada. She is the lead singer for the band Reverie Sound Revue and is known for her powerful voice and distinctive hair styles. Reverie Sound Revue has released an extended play and a studio album.

neg: Lisa Darr Lisa Darr (born April 21, 1963) is an American actress.

neg: Lisa Fowler (disambiguation) Lisa Fowler is an EastEnders character.

neg: Lisa Victoria Lisa Victoria Redwood (born 24 February 1973) is a Welsh television actor best known for playing the character of Sheryl Hughes in the long-running Welsh soap "Pobol y Cwm" on S4C.

neg: Roberta L. Raymond Roberta L. Raymond, "née" Roberta Wolin (born November 16, 1938 in Oak Park, Illinois) is an American actor, sociologist, civil rights worker, artist, and writer. She is married to mathematician Richard Gustavus Larson, PhD, has one son Charles D. Raymond, and a grandson Trevor William Raymond.

neg: Phil Martini Phil Martini (aka Phil Martin) is a London-based Freelance drummer.


query: Pat Smear joined what American rock band, co-founded by Kurt Cobain, as a touring guitarist?

pos: So You Fell in Love with a Musician... So You Fell In Love With A Musician... is the second solo album by guitarist Pat Smear, released by SST Records in 1992. A music video, filmed by Dave Markey, was made for the song "Innocent X". The year following this album's release, Smear joined grunge band Nirvana as a touring guitarist.

pos: Nirvana (band) Nirvana was an American rock band formed by singer and guitarist Kurt Cobain and bassist Krist Novoselic in Aberdeen, Washington, in 1987. Nirvana went through a succession of drummers, the longest-lasting being Dave Grohl, who joined in 1990. Despite releasing only three full-length studio albums in their seven-year career, Nirvana has come to be regarded as one of the most influential and important alternative bands in history. Though the band dissolved in 1994 after the death of Cobain, their music maintains a popular following and continues to influence modern rock and roll culture.

neg: The Sonics The Sonics are an American garage rock band from Tacoma, Washington that formed in 1960. Their aggressive, hard-edged sound has been a major influence on punk, garage, and hard rock music worldwide, and they have been named as inspirations to Nirvana, Bruce Springsteen, the Fall, and other major artists.

neg: All That Remains (band) All That Remains is an American heavy metal band from Springfield, Massachusetts, formed in 1998. They have released eight studio albums, a , and have sold over a million records worldwide. The group currently consists of vocalist Philip Labonte, guitarists Oli Herbert and Mike Martin, bassist Aaron Patrick, and former Diecast drummer Jason Costa. Labonte and Herbert are the only original members. In spite of this, the band's line-up had remained consistent from the release of 2008's "Overcome" until 2015's "The Order of Things", spanning four albums. This line-up changed, however, in September 2015, when long-time bassist Jeanne Sagan left the band, with Patrick taking her place.

neg: Stu Cook Stuart Alden Cook (born April 25, 1945) is an American bass guitarist, best known for his work in the rock band, Creedence Clearwater Revival, for which he is a member of the Rock and Roll Hall of Fame.

neg: Tourmaline (band) Tourmaline is an American rock band from, New Jersey. Formed in June 2004, the band consists of Matt Rauch (lead vocals, Ryan Baredes (guitar), and Max Rauch (Drums). They have released two albums. "Strange Distress Calls" was released in the United States a year after the band's formation on June 21. It was recorded shortly after they formed in the span of ten days. Three of the members were 15 years of age. "The Swindle" was recorded in March of 08 with producer Joe Mcgrath and released in the fall of 08.

neg: Kevin Salem Kevin Salem is an American singer-songwriter, guitarist, and record producer. He began his career as a member of Dumptruck, and subsequently played with multiple artists on tour, including Yo La Tengo and Freedy Johnston.

neg: Ratchell Ratchell was an American rock band formed by former Steppenwolf guitarist Larry Byrom. The lineup also included bassist Howard Messer, guitarist Pat Couchois, and drummer Chris Couchois. The band released two albums on Decca Records: "Ratchell" in 1971 and "Ratchell II" in 1972.

neg: Moe (band) Moe, generally stylized as moe., is an American jam band, formed at the University at Buffalo in 1989. The band members are Rob Derhak (bass, vocals), Al Schnier (guitar, vocals, keyboard), Chuck Garvey (guitar, vocals), Vinnie Amico (drums), and Jim Loughlin (percussion).

neg: Meat Puppets Meat Puppets is an American rock band formed in January 1980 in Phoenix, Arizona. The group's original lineup was Curt Kirkwood (guitar/vocals), his brother Cris Kirkwood (bass guitar), and Derrick Bostrom (drums). The Kirkwood brothers met Bostrom while attending Brophy Prep High School in Phoenix. The three then moved to Tempe, Arizona (a Phoenix suburb and home to Arizona State University), where the Kirkwood brothers purchased two adjacent homes, one of which had a shed in the back where they regularly practiced.

neg: List of Black Flag band members Black Flag is an American hardcore punk band formed in 1976 in Hermosa Beach, California by Greg Ginn, the band's guitarist, primary songwriter, and sole constant member. During Black Flag's ten-year existence, the band went through sixteen distinct lineups involving seventeen different musicians. Aside from Ginn, the longest-lasting members were singer Henry Rollins (5 years), bassist Chuck Dukowski (4½ years), and drummer Roberto "Robo" Valverde (3 years). The 1983–1985 lineup of Ginn, Rollins, bassist Kira Roessler, and drummer Bill Stevenson recording four albums and three EPs together in a sixteen-month period. After breaking up in 1986 and briefly reuniting in 2003, Black Flag announced another reunion in January 2013. Two versions of Black Flag are currently touring; the Ginn-fronted band known as "Black Flag", and one featuring founding vocalist Keith Morris known simply as "Flag".

neg: Ruthensmear Ruthensmear is the first solo album by guitarist Pat Smear.

neg: Bullets and Octane Bullets and Octane are a hard rock band originally from St. Louis, Missouri and now based in Southern California (as referenced in the song "Cancer California"). They originate from the band Ultrafink (which released one album titled "Carbotrolly", currently out of print). The band has been touring in Europe and North America since December 31, 1998, playing as a support band for Avenged Sevenfold, Stone Sour, Social Distortion, Bad Religion, Eagles of Death Metal and Flogging Molly amongst others, as well as headlining their own shows in 2006.

neg: Sasquatch (band) Sasquatch are an American stoner metal band. The band was formed in 2001 in Los Angeles by Keith Gibbs (guitar, vocals), Rick Ferrante (drums) and Clayton Charles (bass). Charles left the band in 2007, and was replaced by Jason Casanova.

neg: Soundgarden Soundgarden is an American rock band formed in Seattle, Washington, in 1984 by singer and rhythm guitarist Chris Cornell, lead guitarist Kim Thayil, and bassist Hiro Yamamoto. Matt Cameron became the band's full-time drummer in 1986, while bassist Ben Shepherd became a permanent replacement for Yamamoto in 1990. The band dissolved in 1997 and reformed in 2010. Cornell remained in Soundgarden until his death in May 2017, putting the band's future in doubt and leaving Thayil as the only remaining original member of the band.

neg: Helmet (band) Helmet is an American alternative metal band from New York City formed in 1989. Founded by vocalist and lead guitarist Page Hamilton, Helmet has had numerous lineup changes, and Hamilton has been the only constant member.

neg: Smack (American band) Smack is a Los Angeles pop/rock band formed by singer/guitarist Lantz L'Amour, current L.A. Guns guitarist Stacey Blades, former and now current Blessings bassist Jamie Zimlin, and former Junkyard drummer Patrick Muzingo.

neg: Cut Me Some Slack "Cut Me Some Slack" is a song by Paul McCartney, Dave Grohl, Krist Novoselic and Pat Smear from Grohl's film "Sound City" and its . The song was first performed at the by the four, and was released on December 14, 2012, through YouTube. The song was a jam featuring McCartney and the surviving members of Nirvana, and it was described by McCartney as a "Nirvana reunion". The four also performed the song, along with a number of Beatles songs, at a Paul McCartney concert in Seattle (Nirvana's home town) on June 19, 2013.

neg: Frank the Baptist Frank the Baptist is an American alternative rock band founded in San Diego, California by frontman Frank Vollmann.

neg: List of Slipknot concert tours Slipknot is an American heavy metal band from Des Moines, Iowa, formed in 1995. The band's first concert tour was of the United States with the 1999 Ozzfest, a festival founded in 1996 featuring live performances by heavy metal bands. After the Livin la Vida Loco tour, the band embarked in November 1999 on its first international circuit, the World Domination Tour. After being on the road for a year through North America, Europe, Japan, and Australia, the band briefly attended Tattoo the Earth, during which the band recorded the performance at Dynamo Open Air and later released it as part of the film "10 Years of Life Death Love Hate Pain Scars Victory War Blood and Destruction".

neg: Matt Starr Matt Starr (born October 25) is an American born drummer, singer, songwriter and producer. He is currently touring with Mr. Big filling for drummer Pat Torpey on the band's "Defying Gravity" (Frontiers Records) World Tour. Starr performed on the 2017 release which was produced by Kevin Elson (Journey, Lynyrd Skynyrd). "...The Stories We Could Tell" (Frontiers Records) World Tour. In 2012 Starr joined guitarist and founding KISS member Ace Frehley. He played drums on Ace Frehley's 2014 release "Space Invader" (eOne Records). Starr was asked to play on the record after performing a few shows with Frehley in 2012. He is the only drummer other than "Late Night With David Letterman" drummer Anton Fig to play on the entirety of one of Frehley's records. The 2014 release drew comparisons to 1970's KISS and Frehley's 1978 solo album. Starr also performed on Frehley's next release "Origins Vol 1" which featured the Free cover "Fire and Water" with KISS frontman Paul Stanley on lead vocals as well as appearances by Slash, and others. While remaining with Frehley, in 2013 Starr began playing with Burning Rain which was formed by Whitesnake guitarist Doug Aldrich and Montrose vocalist Keith St John. Starr has also toured with Rainbow frontman Joe Lynn Turner Love/Hate, Quiet Riot vocalist Kevin DuBrow and others.

neg: Jane's Addiction Jane's Addiction is an American rock band from Los Angeles, formed in 1985. The band consists of Perry Farrell (vocals), Dave Navarro (guitar), Stephen Perkins (drums) and Chris Chaney (bass).


query: Where was the confectionary company owned by  Maria Franca Fissolo developed?

pos: Maria Franca Fissolo Maria Franca Fissolo (born 1941) is an Italian billionaire, the widow of Michele Ferrero, and the owner of Ferrero SpA, Europe's second largest confectionery company.

pos: Michele Ferrero Michele Ferrero (] ; 26 April 1925 – 14 February 2015) was an Italian entrepreneur. He owned the chocolate manufacturer Ferrero SpA, Europe's second largest confectionery company (at the time of his death), which he developed from the small bakery and café of his father in Alba, Piedmont. His first big success was adding vegetable oil to the traditional "gianduja" paste to make the popular spread, Nutella.

neg: Bombrini-Parodi-Delfino Bombrini-Parodi-Delfino (better known as BPD), was a chemical company founded in 1912 by Giovanni Bombrini and Leopoldo Parodi-Delfino to produce gunpowder and explosives. Around its location in Colleferro (south of Rome) soon grew a small town attracting manpower from the nearby farms. After World War I, BPD expanded its activities on fertilizers and cement at nearby Segni (Società Calce e Cementi). In 1938 an explosion in the gunpowder plant killed 60 people. After World War II, BPD diversified into mechanics, textiles and chemistry. The last remaining owner, the Parodi-Delfino family, entered a joint venture with SNIA-Viscosa in 1968. SNIA’s chemical division was thereafter named SNIA BPD until BPD was sold to Simmel Difesa, when it was renamed SNIA SpA.

neg: Joseph Schmidt Confections Joseph Schmidt Confections was a San Francisco-based chocolatier, which created gourmet confections with imported Belgian chocolate. The line of confections included truffles of various sizes, slicks, and mosaics. Joseph Schmidt confections ceased operations in 2009.

neg: Tic Tac Tic Tac (officially styled as "tic tac") is a brand of small, hard mints, consisting of 94.5% sugar, manufactured by the Italian confectioner Ferrero, and are available in a variety of flavours in over 100 countries.

neg: Divella Divella is an Italian food company based in Rutigliano. It was founded in 1905.

neg: Wilbert Parkhurst Wilbert Parkhurst was the founder of Empresas La Famosa, Inc., a company dedicated to the packaging and distribution of canned fruits and juices. The company, whose products are sold in 62 countries, is the owner of the brands "Famosa", "Criada" and "Coco Lopez"

neg: Marzadro Distillery The Marzadro Distillery is an Italian family run company created at the end of World War II. Its birth and evolution follows closely the economic transformation of Italy and the modernization of its means of production, in particular in the Northern part of the country. The company is located in the historical region for the production of grappa. Together with other distilleries in the regions of Trentino, Veneto, Friuli, Piemonte and Lombardia has made important contributions that have changed the character of this liquor from an "ammazzacaffè" to a liquor worthy of international recognition. Initially, the distillery operated only locally, distilling pomace to produce grappa and other liquor. Currently it benefits from a national and international network of distribution.

neg: Fendi Fendi (] ) is an Italian luxury fashion house whose specialities include fur, ready-to-wear, leather goods, shoes, fragrances, eyewear, timepieces and accessories. Founded in 1925 in Rome, Fendi is renowned for its fur and fur accessories. Fendi is also well known for its leather goods such as "Baguette", 2jours, Peekaboo or Pequin handbags.

neg: Lacasa Lacasa S.A. is a Spanish confectionery company, headquartered in Zaragoza. The group includes Chocolates Lacasa, Comercial Chocolates Lacasa, Bombonera Vallisoletana, Productos Mauri, Chocolates Del Norte, lacasavital, and has marketing offices or factories in places such as Argentina, Belgium, France, Portugal, Spain, and the United States.

neg: Granarolo (company) Granarolo S.p.A. is a food company in Italy, founded in 1957 and based in Bologna. It operates in the fresh milk and dairy-cheese sector (milk, yoghurt, desserts, ice cream, fresh cream and long-life cream, fresh and aged cheeses, and milk-based baby food), dry pasta, deli meats and vegetable foods.

neg: Borsalino Borsalino is a hat company known particularly for its fedoras. Established in 1857, Borsalino produces felt from Belgian rabbit fur at its factory in Alessandria, Italy.

neg: Troika (chocolate) Troika is a chocolate-based confection made by Nidar AS of Trondheim, Norway. It consists of three distinct layers, prompting its name "Troika". The top layer is soft raspberry jelly, the middle layer is truffle, and the bottom one is marzipan. It is also covered with dark chocolate. Troika was launched in 1939 with the name "Geletrøffel". The name of the chocolate is inspired by the Russian word "Troika", which means a group of three.

neg: Ferrero Rocher Ferrero Rocher is a chocolate and hazelnut confectionery produced by the Italian chocolatier Ferrero SpA

neg: Brioschi (company) Brioschi is an Italian company founded in 1907 as "Achille Brioschi & C." to "produce and make commerce of chemicals, liquors and similars"; in 1914 the society was quoted on the Milan stock exchange. In the 1970s Brioschi was transformed into an investment company and today’s Brioschi Sviluppo Immobiliare is a real estate contractor, no longer bearing any relationship to the epoch-making "cachet Brioschi" which was once its staple product. Its offshoot, the American company Brioschi Pharmaceuticals, LLC, continued to market the effervescent antacid in the United States, however in 2013 Brioschi Pharmaceuticals LLC filed for bankruptcy and discontinued selling Brioschi products in North America. That was until 2015 when the Canadian company Neobourne Pharma LP. obtained control of the Brioschi Brand and trademark for North America. Neobourne Pharma is now marketing and selling the effervescent antacid in the United States and in Canada.

neg: Mikawaya Mikawaya is an American confectionery specializing in Japanese pastries, snacks and desserts. The company's products include traditional wagashi, as well as newer offerings, such as mochi ice cream. Mochi ice cream, which was created by Mikawaya's former CEO and President Frances Hashimoto, now represents the majority of Mikawaya's annual sales.

neg: Bormioli Rocco Bormioli Rocco (] ) is a formerly all-Italian manufacturer of household goods now operating under international holding company Vision Capital. The company has been Italy's largest glass manufacturer and one of the world's leading suppliers of tableware/glassware. Founded in 1825 in Fidenza (Province of Parma, Italy), Bormioli Rocco produces glassware and plastic containers as well as closures focused on pharmaceutical use.

neg: Grippo's Grippo's is a snack food company, headquartered in Cincinnati, Ohio. Beginning operation in 1919, the company grew regionally, adding varieties of snack foods to its production. The company was founded by Angelo Grippo and originated from a one-room office on Court Street in downtown Cincinnati. Today, the business is headquartered at Colerain Avenue in Cincinnati.

neg: Fox's Confectionery Fox's Confectionery is an English confectionery company based in Braunstone, Leicester.

neg: BiscoMisr BiscoMisr is an Egyptian company specialising in baked goods. It was established in 1957 during Egypt’s nationalization program as the Egyptian Company for Foods which has been the country’s main provider of baked goods and confectionery at that time.

neg: Lavazza Luigi Lavazza S.p.A. (] ) is an Italian manufacturer of coffee products. Founded in Turin in 1895 by Luigi Lavazza, it was initially run from a small grocery store at Via San Tommaso 10. The business of Lavazza S.p.A. is currently administered by the third and fourth generation of the Lavazza family.

neg: Freia (chocolate) Freia is a Norwegian chocolate sweets manufacturing company. The company is famous for Freia Melkesjokolade and Kvikk Lunsj, as well as for other candy and dessert products.


query: What country, was the car Robert James Wykel went to see before he was never identified again, made in?

pos: Murder of Robert Wykel Robert James Wykel (born May 18, 1930; disappeared February 23, 1996) was a retired sheet metal worker from Burien, Washington, United States, who restored classic cars. He has not been seen by anyone who could positively identify him since 1996, when he went to see a Ford Thunderbird he was interested in purchasing. Myron Wynn, who accompanied him at that time, was convicted 15 years later of murdering Wykel. Wynn maintains that he is innocent and that Wykel went to Argentina.

pos: Ford Thunderbird The Ford Thunderbird is a rear wheel drive automobile which was manufactured by Ford in the United States over eleven model generations from 1955 through 2005. The Thunderbird created a market niche that eventually became known as the personal luxury car.

neg: Mercedes-Benz W186 The Mercedes-Benz W186 model 300 was a four-door luxury tourer produced by Mercedes-Benz between 1951 and 1957. The company's largest and most prestigious automobile, it was the Maybach of its day, elegant, powerful, exclusive, and expensive. Three versions were produced in succession, known informally as the 300a (or simply 300), 300b, and 300c. An enlarged "300d" variant built on the W189 chassis succeeded it in late 1957.

neg: Austin A40 Sports The Austin A40 Sports debuted at the 1949 London Motor Show as a four-passenger, aluminium-bodied convertible variant of the Austin A40 – carrying an "Austin of England" nameplate, bearing Austin's "Flying A" hood ornament, and designed and manufactured in conjunction with Jensen Motors.

neg: Austin 7 The Austin 7 is an economy car that was produced from 1922 until 1939 in the United Kingdom by Austin. It was nicknamed the "Baby Austin" and was at that time one of the most popular cars produced for the British market and sold well abroad. Its effect on the British market was similar to that of the Model T Ford in the US, replacing most other British economy cars and cyclecars of the early 1920s. It was also licensed and copied by companies all over the world. The very first BMW car, the BMW Dixi, was a licensed Austin 7, as were the original American Austins. In France they were made and sold as Rosengarts. In Japan, Nissan also used the 7 design as the basis for their first cars, although not under licence. This eventually led to a 1952 agreement for Nissan to build and sell Austins in Japan under the Austin name.

neg: Opel Commodore The Opel Commodore was an executive car (E-segment) produced by Opel from 1967 to 1982. It is the six-cylinder variant of the Rekord with styling differences. The Commodore nameplate was used by Opel from 1967 to 1982. However, its nameplate/lineage continues with the Australian Holden Commodore. The last generation was sold in the United Kingdom primarily as the Vauxhall Viceroy although Opel models were also sold.

neg: Opel Astra The Opel Astra (Lat: "Stars") is a compact car/small family car (C-segment in Europe) engineered and manufactured by the German automaker Opel since 1991.

neg: Arrol-Johnston Arrol-Johnston (later known as Arrol-Aster) was an early Scottish manufacturer of automobiles, which operated from 1896 to 1931 and produced the first automobile manufactured in Britain. The company also developed the world's first "off-road" vehicle for the Egyptian government, and another designed to travel on ice and snow for Ernest Shackleton's Nimrod Expedition to the South Pole.

neg: Sports sedan A sports sedan or a sports saloon is a sedan automobile (US) or saloon car (UK) that is designed to look and feel "sporty", offering the motorist more connection with the driving experience, while providing the comfort and amenities expected of a luxury sedan. A wider definition that includes related coupé, convertibles, crossovers is known as sport luxury. Most vehicles in this category overlap with the compact executive car and executive car classifications, while the sporty small family sedans are called sport compacts (mostly used in North America).

neg: Mercedes-Benz 320A The Mercedes-Benz 320A is a cabriolet built by German automobile manufacturer Mercedes-Benz between 1938 and 1942. The new model was lower, longer and broader than its predecessor Mercedes-Benz 290 of type W18, the production of which started on 1933. The new model was displayed for the first time at the Berlin Auto Show on 1937. The designing process of the new Mercedes-Benz 320A was led by the former race driver Max Zailer and its obviously sporty appearance was partly due to the influence of the luxurious Mercedes-Benz 540K, the model called "Silver Arrow".

neg: Toyota MR2 The Toyota MR2 is a two-seat, mid-engined, rear-wheel-drive sports car manufactured in Japan and marketed globally by Toyota from 1984 to 2007 over three generations: W10 (1984–1989), W20 (1990–1999) and W30 (2000–2007). It is Japan's first mid-engined production car.

neg: Ryknield Motor Company The Ryknield Motor Company, originally established as the Ryknield Engine Company was a short-lived motor car manufacturer of the early twentieth century. Based in Burton-upon-Trent in England, the company was formed by a number of prominent business men in February 1902. Ernest E. Baguley, who had apprenticed in the rail industry with Hawthorn Leslie and Company, and then W. G. Bagnall, saw the potential of the motor car, and in 1901, Baguley designed a steam-engine for a motor car. His employer at the time, Bagnalls, were not interested in the concept, so he left the company and joined the Ryknield Engine Company as manager in November 1902.

neg: Jaguar Mark IX The Jaguar Mark IX (pronounced "mark nine") is a large luxury saloon car produced by Jaguar Cars between 1959 and 1961. It replaced the previous Mark VIII. The early versions were identical in exterior appearance to the Mark VIII except for the addition of a chrome "Mk IX" badge to the boot lid. Later versions had a larger tail-lamp assembly with the addition of an amber section for traffic indication, visually similar to the tail-lights of the smaller Jaguar Mark 2. It was replaced by the lower and more contemporary-styled Mark X in 1961.

neg: Prime Ministerial Limousine The Prime Ministerial Limousine is the official vehicle used by the Prime Minister of Australia. The current vehicle fleet is a BMW 7 Series . The Prime Ministerial and other Ministerial limousines are maintained by COMCAR, a subdivision of the Department of Finance. The vehicles are often referred to in the media and the community as "C1", which is the numberplate that the limousines feature. The Australian flag is centrally mounted on the bonnet of the vehicle.

neg: Sleeper (car) A sleeper (US English) or Q-car (British English) is a car that has high performance and an unassuming exterior. Sleeper cars are so called because their exterior looks little or no different from a standard or economy-class car. In some cases the car appears worse due to seeming neglect on the owner's part, typically referred to as "all go and no show". While appearing to be a standard or neglected car, internally they are modified to perform at higher performance levels. The American nomenclature comes from the term sleeper agent, while the British term derives from the Q-ships used by the Royal Navy.

neg: Aero Car (1921 automobile) The Aero Car was a planned American automobile. It was to have used a two-cycle engine to drive a propeller. The car, whose wheelbase was only 60 in , was to have sold for $160. One prototype was made, in 1921, before the project was shelved.

neg: Lanchester petrol-electric car The Lanchester petrol-electric car is a protype motor vehicle, designed in 1927 by Frederick W. Lanchester of the Lanchester Motor Company in his workshop in Birmingham, England. It is now on display in Thinktank, Birmingham Science Museum.

neg: Opel (Olympia) Rekord P1 The Opel Rekord P1 (branded for its first two years as the Opel Olympia Rekord P) was an executive car introduced in August 1957, in time for the Frankfurt Motor Show, by Opel as a replacement for the previous year's Opel Olympia Rekord. It was larger than its predecessor and featured a US-style eye-catching wrap-around windscreen and rear window, reminiscent of its General Motors Luton-built cousin, the Vauxhall Victor FA, which had appeared in England a few months earlier.

neg: Leyland P76 The Leyland P76 is a large car that was produced by Leyland Australia, the Australian subsidiary of British Leyland. Featuring what was described at the time as the "standard Australian wheelbase of 111 inches", it was intended to provide the company with a genuine rival to large local models like the Ford Falcon, the Holden Kingswood, and the Chrysler Valiant. But, due to the first real fuel crisis and demand far exceeding the supply, Leyland rushed the assembly process with the first of the P76s to come off the assembly line, resulting in poor build quality and some reliability issues. The combination of the rushed assembly, fuel crisis and strikes at the component manufacturers' factories, resulted in the Leyland P76 being labelled a lemon, despite receiving the Wheels Car of the Year in 1973. By 1974, sales of the P76 had slumped and BMC decided to end the production of the P76. Although the P76 has been labelled a lemon in Australian motoring history, it has become an iconic Aussie car and has a loyal following.

neg: Opel 1.8 litre The Opel 1.8-litre is a luxury car manufactured by Opel. Production commenced in January 1931, and continued till November 1933. The Opel 1.8-litre was the first new Opel to be launched following the purchase of an 80% share in Opel by General Motors (GM), and the first Opel to have been designed and developed by GM in North America .

neg: Subaru BRAT The Subaru BRAT, short for "Bi-drive Recreational All-terrain Transporter", known outside the United States as the 284 in the United Kingdom, Brumby in Australia, and Shifter, MV, Targa or MPV in other markets, is a light duty, four-wheel drive coupé utility, sold from 1978 to 1994. It was an export-only model, never being officially sold in Japan. Due to this, the BRAT became a popular grey import vehicle in Japan.

neg: Harley-Davidson Model W The Harley-Davidson Model W, also known as the "Sport Twin", is a motorcycle made by Harley-Davidson from 1919 to 1923. Unusually for a Harley-Davidson motorcycle, the Model W had a flat-twin engine and a trailing link fork. The Model W set speed records on runs from New York City to Chicago and from the Canada–United States border to the Mexico–United States border. Slow home market sales led to the end of production after four years.


query: The 1984 Troy State Trojans football team represented Troy State University during the 1984 NCAA Division II football season, the 1984 team was led by which former American football coach?

pos: 1984 Troy State Trojans football team The 1984 Troy State Trojans football team represented Troy State University during the 1984 NCAA Division II football season, and completed the 64th season of Trojan football. The Trojans played their home games in at Veterans Memorial Stadium in Troy, Alabama. The 1984 team came off an 7–4 record from the previous season. The 1984 team was led by coach Chan Gailey. The team finished the regular season with a 9–1 record and made the NCAA Division II playoffs. The Trojans defeated the North Dakota State Bison 18–17 in the National Championship Game en route to the program's first NCAA Division II Football Championship and second overall national championship.

pos: Chan Gailey Thomas Chandler Gailey Jr. (born January 5, 1952) is a former American football coach. Gailey has served as the head coach of the Dallas Cowboys, Georgia Tech Yellow Jackets, and Buffalo Bills.

neg: 2012 Auburn Tigers football team The 2012 Auburn Tigers football team represented Auburn University in the 2012 NCAA Division I FBS football season. The team was coached by Gene Chizik, who was in his fourth season with Auburn. The Tigers played their home games at Jordan–Hare Stadium in Auburn, Alabama, and competed in the Western Division of the Southeastern Conference (SEC).

neg: Wayne Howard (American football) Wayne Howard (born April 30, 1931) is a former American football coach. He was head coach at UC Riverside from 1972 to 1973, Long Beach State from 1974 to 1976 and Utah from 1977 to 1981. He had a career college football record of 70–37–2.

neg: Allen Carter Wayne Allen Carter (born December 12, 1952 in Pomona, California) is a former American football running back. He played in the National Football League (NFL) for the New England Patriots in 1975 and 1976 after playing college football for the USC Trojans.

neg: Jason Garrett Jason Calvin Garrett (born March 28, 1966) is an American football head coach of the Dallas Cowboys of the National Football League (NFL). Garrett was the offensive coordinator and assistant head coach of the Cowboys before being promoted to interim head coach after the firing of Wade Phillips on November 8, 2010. He is a former professional American football quarterback in the National Football League for the Dallas Cowboys, New York Giants, Tampa Bay Buccaneers and Miami Dolphins. He played college football at Princeton University.

neg: Rod Reed Roderick Reed (born September 15, 1966) is an American college football coach and former player. He is currently the head football coach at Tennessee State University (TSU), a position he has held since December 2009.

neg: 1984 Notre Dame Fighting Irish football team The 1984 Notre Dame Fighting Irish football team represented the University of Notre Dame in the 1984 college football season. The team was coached by Gerry Faust and played its home games at Notre Dame Stadium in South Bend, Indiana.

neg: Alan Williams (American football) Alan Williams (born November 4, 1969) is an American football coach and former player.

neg: Dale Carr Dale Carr (born March 10, 1964) is the former head football coach at Angelo State University and Tyler Junior College.

neg: 1995 USC Trojans football team The 1995 USC Trojans football team represented the University of Southern California (USC) in the 1995 NCAA Division I-A football season. In their tenth year under head coach John Robinson, the Trojans compiled a 9–2–1 record (6–1–1 against conference opponents), shared the Pacific-10 Conference (Pac-10) championship with Washington, and outscored their opponents by a combined total of 355 to 212.

neg: Paul Rhoads Paul Robert Rhoads (born February 2, 1967) is an American college football coach and former player. He currently serves as defensive coordinator for the University of Arkansas. A long-time major conference defensive coordinator, he is best-known for his seven-year tenure as head coach at Iowa State.

neg: Brian VanGorder Brian VanGorder (born April 17, 1959) is an American football coach and player. He most recently served as defensive coordinator at the University of Notre Dame. He served as the head football coach at Wayne State University from 1992 to 1994, and Georgia Southern University in 2006, compiling a career college football record of 19–25. VanGorder was the defensive coordinator for the Atlanta Falcons of the National Football League (NFL) from 2008 to 2011, and also worked in the same capacity for the University of Georgia (2001–2004) and Auburn University (2012).

neg: 1985 Florida Gators football team The 1985 Florida Gators football team represented the University of Florida during the 1985 NCAA Division I-A football season. The season was the second for Galen Hall as the head coach of the Florida Gators football team, having coached the 1984 Gators' final eight games as their interim coach. Because of NCAA probation terms handed down the previous year, Hall's 1985 Florida Gators were ineligible to win the Southeastern Conference (SEC) title, receive a bowl bid, or appear on live television.

neg: Tony Oden Anthony Earl Oden (born June 30, 1973) is an American football coach and former player. Oden played collegiately as an outside linebacker at Baldwin–Wallace College in the early 1990s.

neg: John Archer (basketball) John Archer was the head basketball coach of the Troy State Trojans from 1956-1973. He was the third coach in the history of the Troy basketball program and accumulated a record of 304-185 in his seventeen seasons as head coach. He guided the program to three NAIA National Tournament appearances and three Alabama Collegiate Conference titles. He came to Troy State Teachers College in 1956 as head basketball and tennis coach, line coach of the football team, and as an instructor in the physical education program. When his coaching days were over, Archer remained on the Troy State staff as a physical education instructor and intramural director.

neg: 1984 Ohio Bobcats football team The 1984 Ohio Bobcats football team was an American football team that represented Ohio University in the Mid-American Conference (MAC) during the 1984 NCAA Division I-A football season. In their sixth and final season under head coach Brian Burke, the Bobcats compiled a 4–6–1 record (4–4–1 against MAC opponents), finished in fourth place in the MAC, and were outscored by all opponents by a combined total of 262 to 134.

neg: 1984 Cal State Northridge Matadors football team The 1984 Cal State Northridge Matadors football team represented Cal State Northridge during the 1984 NCAA Division II football season.

neg: 1964 USC Trojans football team The 1964 USC Trojans football team represented the University of Southern California (USC) in the 1964 college football season. In their fifth year under head coach John McKay, the Trojans compiled a 7–3 record (3–1 against conference opponents), finished in a tie with Oregon State for the Athletic Association of Western Universities (AAWU or Pac-8) championship, and outscored their opponents by a combined total of 207 to 130. The Trojans ended their season with an upset victory over an undefeated Notre Dame that was ranked #2 in the AP Poll.

neg: 1984 Cleveland Browns season The 1984 Cleveland Browns season was the team's 35th season with the National Football League. At the season's mid-way point, head coach Sam Rutigliano was fired after starting 1–7. He was replaced by defensive coordinator Marty Schottenheimer, who went 4–4 to finish the season. (Schottenheimer would coach the Browns until 1988, guiding the Browns to a .620 winning percentage in his tenure with the team.)

neg: 1984 Virginia Tech Hokies football team The 1984 Virginia Tech Hokies football team represented the Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University (Virginia Tech) in the 1984 NCAA Division I-A football season as a Division I-A Independent. The team was led by head coach Bill Dooley, in his seventh year, and played their home games at Lane Stadium in Blacksburg, Virginia. They finished the season with a record of eight wins and four losses (8–4), and with a loss against Air Force in the Independence Bowl. Bruce Smith won the Outland Trophy and was the first pick overall in the 1985 NFL Draft.

neg: 1984 Toledo Rockets football team The 1984 Toledo Rockets football team was an American football team that represented the University of Toledo in the Mid-American Conference (MAC) during the 1984 NCAA Division I-A football season. In their third season under head coach Dan Simrell, the Rockets compiled an 8–3–1 record (7–1–1 against MAC opponents), won the MAC championship, lost to L 13–30 vs. <a href="">UNLV


query: Who is older of Richard Ashcroft and Roger Hodgson?

pos: Richard Ashcroft Richard Paul Ashcroft (born 11 September 1971) is an English singer and songwriter. He was the lead singer and occasional rhythm guitarist of the alternative rock band The Verve from their formation in 1990 until their original split in 1999. He became a successful solo artist in his own right, releasing three UK top three solo albums. The Verve reformed in 2007 but again broke up by summer 2009. Ashcroft then founded a new band, RPA & The United Nations of Sound, and released a new album on 19 July 2010. On 22 February 2016 Ashcroft announced his fourth solo album, "These People", set for release 20 May 2016. Chris Martin of Coldplay has described Ashcroft as "the best singer in the world".

pos: Roger Hodgson Charles Roger Pomfret Hodgson (born 21 March 1950) is an English musician, singer and songwriter, best known as the former co-frontman and founder member of progressive rock band Supertramp. Hodgson composed and sang the majority of the band's hits, including "Dreamer", "Give a Little Bit", "Breakfast in America", "Take the Long Way Home", "The Logical Song" and "It's Raining Again".

neg: Roger Grey, 10th Earl of Stamford Roger Grey, 10th Earl of Stamford (27 October 1896 – 18 August 1976) was an English peer.

neg: List of Roger Hodgson concert tours Supertramp co-founder, former lead singer, songwriter and composer Roger Hodgson is currently on his worldwide "Breakfast in America Tour".

neg: Lee Hodgson Lee John Hodgson (born 29 June 1986, Middlesbrough, North Yorkshire, England) is an English first-class cricketer. He is a right-handed batsman and a right-arm medium-fast bowler who played for Yorkshire, having previously appeared for Surrey.

neg: Maurice Hodgson Hodgson was knighted (knight bachelor) in 1979. He also received an Honorary Doctorate from Heriot-Watt University in 1979.

neg: Ash Road Ash Road (1965) is a novel for children by Australian author Ivan Southall. It won the in 1966."'

neg: Roger Carter (darts player) Roger Carter (born October 28, 1961 in Sandusky, Ohio) is a former American darts player.

neg: Richard Ashworth Richard James Ashworth (born 17 September 1947 in Folkestone) is a Member of the European Parliament for South East England for the Conservative Party and was the Leader of the Conservative Party in the European Parliament from March 2012 to November 2013. He is married with three daughters.

neg: Hodgson Pratt Hodgson Pratt (10 January 1824 – 26 February 1907) was an English pacifist who is credited with founding the International Arbitration and Peace Association in 1880.

neg: Richard Molloy Richard 'Roo' Molloy is the younger brother of Mick Molloy and was the co-host of "Tough Love with Mick Molloy" radio show on Triple M.

neg: Mark Elder Sir Mark Philip Elder, CH, CBE (born 2 June 1947) is a British conductor. He is the music director of the Hallé Orchestra in Manchester, England.

neg: James Hodgson (cricketer, born 1969) James Simon Hodgson (born 1969) is the Headmaster of Bedford School and a former English cricketer.

neg: Roger Stephenson Roger Stephenson OBE (born London 1946) is an English architect and is the Managing Partner of stephenson STUDIO in Manchester, England.

neg: Ronald Hutton Ronald Hutton (born 1953) is an English historian who specialises in the study of Early Modern Britain, British folklore, pre-Christian religion and contemporary Paganism. A professor in the subject at the University of Bristol, Hutton has published fourteen books and has appeared on British television and radio. He has held a fellowship at Magdalen College, Oxford and is a Commissioner of English Heritage.

neg: Dave Hodgson David Stuart Hodgson MBE (born 21 October 1959) is the directly elected mayor of the Borough of Bedford in Bedfordshire, England. Hodgson is the second elected mayor to represent the Liberal Democrats in the United Kingdom.

neg: Reginald Doherty Reginald "Reggie" or "R. F." Frank Doherty (14 October 1872 – 29 December 1910) was a British tennis player and the older brother of tennis player Laurence Doherty. He was known in the tennis world as "R.F." rather than "Reggie". He was a four-time Wimbledon singles champion and a triple Olympic Gold medalist in doubles and mixed doubles.

neg: Ashley Wooliscroft Ashley David Wooliscroft (born 28 December 1979) is an English footballer who played for in the Football League for Stoke City.

neg: Derek Hodgson (trade unionist) Derek Hodgson (born 1941) is a former Welsh trade union leader.

neg: James Hodgson (mathematician) James Hodgson (1672–1755) was an English mathematical teacher, lecturer and writer.

neg: Kevin Ashcroft Kevin Ashcroft is a professional rugby league footballer who played in the 1960s, and 1970s, and coached in the 1970s, 1980s, and 1990s, playing at representative level for Great Britain, and Lancashire, and at club level for Rochdale Hornets, Dewsbury, Leigh, Warrington and Salford, as a prop , or hooker , i.e. number 8 or 10, or, 9, during the era of contested scrums, and coaching at club level for Leigh (twice), and Salford. Ashcroft is a Warrington Hall of Fame inductee.

neg: John Evan Hodgson John Evan Hodgson {'1': ", '2': ", '3': 'RA', '4': "} (1831–1895) was an English painter.