query: Which magazine has wider scope of focus, In Touch Weekly or Moment?

pos: In Touch Weekly In Touch Weekly is an American celebrity gossip magazine. The magazine is focused on celebrity news, fashion, beauty, relationships and lifestyle, and is geared towards a younger readership, billing itself as "fast and fun", along with making claims about their lower cover price on their front cover to encourage buyers to purchase their magazine rather than the other titles on a supermarket checkout rack.

pos: Moment (magazine) Moment is an independent magazine for a Jewish-American audience and is not tied to any movement or ideology. The award-winning publication features investigative stories, cultural criticism and highlights the thoughts and opinions of diverse groups of scholars, writers and policymakers. "Moment" was founded in 1975, by Nobel Prize laureate Elie Wiesel and Jewish activist Leonard Fein, who served as the magazine's first editor from 1975 to 1987. In its premier issue, Fein wrote that the magazine would include diverse opinions “of no single ideological position, save of course, for a commitment to Jewish life.” Hershel Shanks served as the editor from 1987 to 2004. In 2004, Nadine Epstein took over as editor and executive publisher of "Moment."

neg: TV Week TV Week is an Australian magazine, issued weekly, first published as a Melbourne-only publication in December 1957 (as "TV-Radio Week"), and bearing a strong affiliation to television station Channel Nine GTV.

neg: Now (UK magazine) NOW is a British weekly entertainment magazine.

neg: Epoca (magazine) Epoca (meaning "Age" in English) was an Italian illustrated weekly current events magazine published in Milan, Italy.

neg: Scope (magazine) Scope was a South African weekly men's lifestyle magazine. The magazine was launched in the 1960s and was controversial for challenging Apartheid South Africa's strict censorship laws with its bikini-clad cover girls. The weekly was published in Durban by Republican Press until its final issue in 1996. At its peak, it was South Africa's best-selling English magazine, with a circulation of 250,000.

neg: Byte (magazine) Byte was an American microcomputer magazine, influential in the late 1970s and throughout the 1980s because of its wide-ranging editorial coverage. Whereas many magazines from the mid-1980s had been dedicated to the MS-DOS (PC) platform or the Mac, mostly from a business or home user's perspective, "Byte" covered developments in the entire field of "small computers and software", and sometimes other computing fields such as supercomputers and high-reliability computing. Coverage was in-depth with much technical detail, rather than user-oriented.

neg: Finweek Finweek is a South African weekly business magazine published in both English- and Afrikaans-language editions. It is one of the country's largest circulating business titles. Competitors include fellow weekly "Financial Mail".

neg: Closer (magazine) Closer is a British tabloid magazine published by Bauer Media Group.

neg: What's on TV What's on TV is a weekly television listings magazine published by Time Inc. UK.

neg: Eye (magazine) "For the Toronto-based weekly see "Eye Weekly"."

neg: Weekly Reader Weekly Reader was a weekly educational classroom magazine designed for children. It began in 1928 as My Weekly Reader. Editions covered curriculum themes in the younger grade levels and news-based, current events and curriculum themed-issues in older grade levels. The publishing company also created workbooks, literacy centers, and picture books for younger grades.

neg: Mediaweek Mediaweek was a New York–based trade magazine owned by e5 Global Media. It is part of Adweek Media Group, which in October 2008 announced the merging of its three separate editorial teams ("Adweek", "Brandweek" and Mediaweek) into one. In 2011, "Mediaweek" and "Brandweek" were merged into Adweek.

neg: Now (newspaper) Now (styled as NOW), also known as Now Magazine, is a free alternative weekly newspaper in Toronto, Ontario, Canada.

neg: The Caterer The Caterer is a weekly UK business magazine for hospitality professionals.

neg: Presso (magazine) Presso was a Finnish language weekly business magazine published in Helsinki, Finland, between October 2004 and November 2007.

neg: State Focus State Focus is an Australian magazine program broadcast on Southern Cross Ten, presented by Peta Burton. Separate editions were made for Canberra/Southern NSW, Northern NSW, Queensland and Victoria.

neg: Health Service Journal Health Service Journal ("HSJ") is a weekly news print title and website on the British National Health Service, healthcare management and health policy.

neg: Reflex (magazine) Reflex is a Czech weekly magazine focusing on political, social and cultural topics. It was founded in 1990 and is currently owned by company Czech News Center. It is one of the Czech Republic's most controversial and widely read social-political magazines; its print circulation of 60,000 copies (as of January, 2010) reaches approximately 270,000 readers. Polls conducted by the Czech Publishers Association ("Unie vydavatelů") in 2005, 2006, 2007 and 2008 placed "Reflex" first in its category.

neg: Contacto (Luxembourg) Contacto ('Contact') is a Portuguese language weekly tabloid newspaper in Luxembourg published by the Saint-Paul Luxembourg group. The newspaper was founded in 1970. As of the early 2000s, it was the largest Portuguese newspaper in the country, with a weekly circulation of around 8,000. The paper targets Portuguese people working in the country.

neg: Picture Play (magazine) Picture Play, originally titled Picture-Play Weekly was an American weekly magazine focusing on the film industry. Its first edition was published on April 10, 1915. It eventually transitioned from a weekly to a monthly magazine, before ending its production run in 1941 when it merged with "Charm Magazine".

neg: Yeni Aktüel Yeni Aktüel ("New News" in Turkish; increasingly downplays the "Yeni" and may be referred to simply as "Aktüel") is a Turkish weekly news magazine.


query: Rays from the Rose Cross and The American Prospect, are which type of media?

pos: Rays from the Rose Cross Rays from the Rose Cross is a Christian esoteric magazine established in June 1913 by Max Heindel, author of "The Rosicrucian Cosmo-Conception" and founder of The Rosicrucian Fellowship; its original name was Echoes from Mount Ecclesia. It is issued bimonthly by The Rosicrucian Fellowship in the United States. Its publication has stopped in May/April 2004; however, there is expectation that it may start being issued once again in future times.

pos: The American Prospect The American Prospect is a quarterly American political magazine dedicated to American liberalism and progressivism. Based in Washington, D.C., "The American Prospect" says it aims "to advance liberal and progressive goals through reporting, analysis, and debate about today's realities and tomorrow's possibilities."

neg: The Verge (XM) The Verge is a Sirius XM Canada channel featuring new and emerging rock bands from Canada. The channel is produced in Toronto, Ontario for the entire SiriusXM platform. The channel's former names included Unsigned, and (un)Signed, which indicated that the channel played a combination of signed and unsigned bands. A few American songs, such as "Hard Sun" by Eddie Vedder (written and originally performed by a Canadian) are played on the channel. In August 2015, The Verge was added to the Sirius channel lineup.

neg: Ethan Watters Ethan Watters is an American journalist. He is the author of articles for "The New York Times Magazine", "Spin", "Details", "Mother Jones", "Glamour", "GQ", "Esquire", and the "San Francisco Chronicle Magazine" as well as books. He has also appeared on a number of media outlets such as "Good Morning America", "Talk of the Nation", and CNN.

neg: Media evaluation Media evaluation is a discipline of the social sciences and centres on the analysis of media content rating the exposure using a number of pre-designated criteria commonly including tonal value and presence of key messages. It is said to be one of the fastest growing areas of mass communications research.

neg: American Journal American Journal (alternately titled American Journal: Coast to Coast for its final season; also known as AJ) is a syndicated television newsmagazine program that ran from 1993 to 1998. The series was distributed by King World Productions. It was hosted by Nancy Glass from its fall 1993 launch until 1997, when siblings Michele Dabney-Perez and former newscaster-turned-talk show host Charles Perez took over for the show's final season on air. The show's tagline was "Stories Worth Watching".

neg: Los Angeles Herald-Examiner The Los Angeles Herald Examiner was a major Los Angeles daily newspaper, published Monday through Friday in the afternoon and in the morning on Saturdays and Sundays. It was part of the Hearst syndicate. The afternoon "Herald-Express" and the morning "Examiner", both of which had been publishing in the city since the turn of the 20th century, merged in 1962. For a few years after this merger, the "Herald Examiner" claimed the largest afternoon-newspaper circulation in the country.

neg: Bobby Rose (baseball) Robert Richard "Bobby" Rose (born March 15, 1967) is a former major league baseball player from Covina, California. He played on the California Angels in the major leagues, and on the Yokohama BayStars in the Japanese Central League.

neg: Jonathan Cohn Jonathan Cohn (b. 1969) is an American author and journalist who writes mainly on United States public policy and political issues. Formerly the executive editor of "The American Prospect" and a senior editor at "The New Republic", Cohn is now a senior national correspondent at the Huffington Post.

neg: Prospect Park Books Prospect Park Books is a Los Angeles-based independent publisher. Its titles are distributed by Consortium Book Sales & Distribution, a member of the Ingram Content Group. It is a member of the American Association of Publishers, Publishers Association of the West, the International Association of Culinary Professionals, and the Council of Literary Magazines and Presses.

neg: The Rays The Rays were an American group formed in New York in 1955, and active into the early 1960s. They first recorded for Chess Records. Their biggest hit single was "Silhouettes," a moderately-slow doo-wop piece of pop music that reached number 3 on the "Billboard" Hot 100 in 1957 on Cameo after being initially released on the small XYZ Records. It sold over one million copies, and was awarded a gold disc. The song was written by Bob Crewe and Frank Slay, Jr. Also on XYZ, they had a minor hit with "Mediterranean Moon" a mid-chart hit with "Magic Moon" (by this time, XYZ was being nationally distributed by London Records).

neg: CCM/USA Hockey All-American Prospects Game The CCM/USA Hockey All-American Prospects Game is an annual ice hockey event in which 40 of the top American-born NHL Entry Draft eligible prospects play against each other in an exhibition game, each hoping to boost their draft ranking with the National Hockey League scouts and general managers who attend. To date, 74 alumni have been drafted in the NHL, including 15 first-round selections.

neg: Thomas Plate Thomas Gordon Plate (born May 17, 1944) is an American journalist, university professor and op-ed columnist. Over the last 22 years his continuing column on Asia - and now specifically China - has appeared in leading newspapers across the globe, including the "South China Morning Post" in Hong Kong, where he is now a columnist writing fortnightly about China, while based in Los Angeles,"The Straits Times" in Singapore, "The Khaleej Times" out of Dubai, United Arab Emirates, "The Japan Times" in Tokyo, "The Korea Times" in South Korea, "The Jakarta Post" and many others. He was Editor of the Editorial Pages of the Los Angeles Times from 1989 to 1995, and an L.A. Times op-ed columnist until 2000. He is now at Loyola Marymount University in Los Angeles as its Distinguished Scholar of Asian and Pacific Studies and full-time Clinical Professor. He is vice president and a member of the board of the Pacific Century Institute in Los Angeles. He is founder and editor-in-chief of Asia Media International (asiamedia.lmu.edu), America's only website run by college students devoted entirely to Asia and the U.S.

neg: Paul Waldman Paul Waldman (born February 27, 1968) is a liberal / progressive American op-ed columnist and senior writer for "The American Prospect", as well as a contributor to "The Week" and a blogger for "the Washington Post"' s Plum Line blog.

neg: Nikolas Kozloff Nikolas Kozloff is an American academic, author and photojournalist. He currently writes for Al-Jazeera and has also been featured on BBC, CNN, National Public Radio, PBS' "Charlie Rose" show, "The Daily Show" and Venezuelanalysis.com.

neg: Angelus (magazine) Angelus is a weekly magazine published jointly by The Tidings Corporation and the Roman Catholic Archdiocese of Los Angeles, the most populous Catholic archdiocese in the United States. The magazine began publication in 1895 as a newspaper named "The Tidings" and is the oldest continuously published Catholic periodical on the west coast of the United States. It is also the oldest weekly periodical in the Los Angeles market. The last issue of "The Tidings" was published in June 2016; in July 2016 it was transformed into the multimedia news platform "ANGELUS" (AKA "Angelus News").

neg: John Manuel John C. Manuel is co-editor-in-chief of the Durham, N.C.,-based magazine "Baseball America" and its website BaseballAmerica.com. He also contributes to BA books such as the "Prospect Handbook" and "Almanac" and co-hosts BA Podcasts. Manuel is an expert on college baseball, minor league prospects and the draft, leading to radio and television appearances on ESPN and as a color analyst for USA Baseball and the Durham Bulls.

neg: Newsarama Newsarama is an American website that publishes news, interviews, and essays about the American comic book industry.

neg: Mark P. Shea Mark P. Shea is an American author, blogger, and speaker working in the field of Roman Catholic apologetics. Born and raised in Everett, Washington, he describes himself as a "double-jump convert[,] raised more or less as an agnostic pagan, [who] became a non-denominational Evangelical in 1979, and entered the Catholic Church in 1987". Although he has no formal theological training, he has been published in the Catholic World Report, New Oxford Review, "The Door", Catholic Digest, and "Christianity and Literature". Until 1 January 2016, Shea maintained the "Catholic and Enjoying It!" blog. Shea contributed a column to the National Catholic Register until they fired him for publicly engaging in such a way that was considered irreconcilable with their "... editorial vision or standards of charitable discussion. His one-minute “Words of Encouragement” segments have been broadcast nationally in the United States on Ave Maria Radio.

neg: Ray Ring Ray Ring is a U.S. novelist and a national-award-winning journalist. Ring has been based in the American West since the 1970s, with stints in Arizona, Colorado and Montana.

neg: Maria Hinojosa Maria Hinojosa (born July 2, 1961) is an American journalist. She is the anchor and executive producer of "Latino USA" on National Public Radio, a public radio show devoted to Latino issues. She is also the founder, president and CEO of Futuro Media Group, which produces the show.

neg: Susie Cagle Susie Cagle is an American journalist and editorial cartoonist whose work has appeared in "The American Prospect", "AlterNet", "The Awl", "GOOD", and others. Cagle is based in Oakland, California.


query: Who wrote the manga that is serialized in the monthly magazine published by ASCII Media Works, that was adapted into a thirteen episode anime produced by Trinet Entertainment?

pos: Kagihime Monogatari Eikyū Alice Rondo Kagihime Monogatari Eikyū Alice Rondo (鍵姫物語 永久アリス輪舞曲 , lit. "Key Princess Story: Eternal Alice Rondo") , or simply Kagihime, is a manga written by Kaishaku. The manga was serialised in "Dengeki Daioh". A 2006 thirteen episode anime produced by Trinet Entertainment was adapted from the manga.

pos: Dengeki Daioh Monthly Comic Dengeki Daioh (月刊コミック電撃大王 , Gekkan Komikku Dengeki Daiō ) is a Japanese shōnen manga magazine published by ASCII Media Works (formerly MediaWorks) under the "Dengeki" brand. Many manga serialized in "Dengeki Daioh" were later published in "tankōbon" volumes under ASCII Media Works' Dengeki Comics imprint. The magazine is sold every month on the 27th. A yonkoma section of "Dengeki Daioh" called "Dengeki Yonkoma Daioh" (電撃4コマ大王 ) features various omake strips of the manga series published in it. The format is typically a normal drawing on the right side featuring one or sometimes more characters, and a vertical four panel strip on the left featuring characters from the associated series in super deformed form. Two special editions of the magazine called "Dengeki Moeoh" and "Dengeki Daioh Genesis" are sold bimonthly and quarterly, respectively.

neg: School-Live! School-Live! (Japanese: がっこうぐらし! , Hepburn: Gakkō Gurashi! , lit. "Living at School!") is a Japanese manga series written by Nitroplus' Norimitsu Kaihō and illustrated by Sadoru Chiba. The series began serialization in the July 2012 issue of Houbunsha's "Manga Time Kirara Forward" magazine and is licensed in English by Yen Press. An anime adaptation by Lerche aired between July and September 2015.

neg: Jormungand (manga) Jormungand (ヨルムンガンド , Yorumungando ) is a manga series by Keitarou Takahashi, which was serialized in Monthly Sunday Gene-X magazine and published in North America by Viz Media. An anime television series produced by White Fox was broadcast between April and June 2012. A second season titled Jormungand: Perfect Order aired from October to December 2012. Both seasons have been licensed by Funimation in North America and Manga Entertainment in the United Kingdom.

neg: Rin! Rin! (凛！ ) is a Japanese manga written by Satoru Kannagi and illustrated by Yukine Honami. It is licensed in North America by Digital Manga Publishing, which released the manga between October 25, 2006, and April 25, 2007. It is licensed in German by Carlsen Verlag.

neg: Indian Summer (manga) Indian Summer (Japanese: こはるびより , Hepburn: Koharu Biyori ) is a Japanese manga written and illustrated by Takehito Mizuki. The manga was serialised in MediaWorks's monthly "Dengeki Daioh" before MediaWorks moved the title to the quarterly "Dengeki Moeoh". The manga was formerly licensed in English by ComicsOne and DrMaster.

neg: Haunted Junction Haunted Junction (HAUNTEDじゃんくしょん ) is a comedy anime and manga series created by Nemu Mukudori. The manga was serialized in the monthly manga magazine Dengeki Comic Gao! by MediaWorks from 1996 to 2001. The anime, produced by Bandai Visual and Studio Deen, aired between 2 April 1997 and 25 June 1997.

neg: Noucome Noucome (のうコメ , Nōkome ) , short for My Mental Choices are Completely Interfering with my School Romantic Comedy (俺の脳内選択肢が、学園ラブコメを全力で邪魔している , Ore no Nōnai Sentakushi ga, Gakuen Rabu Kome o Zenryoku de Jama Shiteiru ) , is a Japanese light novel series written by Takeru Kasukabe, with illustrations by Yukiwo. Kadokawa Shoten published 12 volumes between February 2012 and February 2016. A manga adaptation by Sayaka Itsuki was serialized in Enterbrain's "Famitsu Comic Clear". A ten-episode anime television series adaptation, directed by Takayuki Inagaki and produced by Diomedéa, aired between October and December 2013.

neg: Nine (manga) Nine (Japanese: ナイン , Hepburn: Nain ) is a baseball manga series by Mitsuru Adachi. It was serialized in "Monthly Shōnen Sunday Zōkan" from the October 1978 through May 1979 issues. The series was adapted into three anime television films and a live-action television drama. An altered version of the first anime was released in theaters, with new and re-arranged music.

neg: Mayo Chiki! Mayo Chiki! (まよチキ! ) is a Japanese light novel series written by Hajime Asano and illustrated by Seiji Kikuchi. The series' twelve volumes were published between November 2009 and July 2012 under Media Factory's MF Bunko J imprint. A manga adaptation illustrated by NEET was serialized in Media Factory's seinen manga magazine, "Comic Alive" between October 2010 and November 2013. A spin-off manga series called "Mayo Mayo!" (まよマヨ! ) was serialized in Kadokawa Shoten's magazine, "Nyantype" between November 2010 and October 2011. An anime television series adaptation aired in Japan between July 7 and September 29, 2011. "Mayo Chiki!" is an abbreviation of "Mayoeru Shitsuji to Chikin na Ore to" (迷える執事とチキンな俺と , lit. "The Hesitant Butler and Myself the Chicken") . The anime has been licensed by Sentai Filmworks in North America.

neg: Dengeki Bunko Magazine Dengeki Bunko Magazine (電撃文庫MAGAZINE ) is a Japanese light novel magazine published by ASCII Media Works (formerly MediaWorks). The magazine succeeded the light novel magazine "Dengeki hp", and originally was published as a special edition issue of "Dengeki Daioh" for the first two issues; the first issue was released on December 10, 2007. "Dengeki Bunko Magazine" became an independent magazine with the publication of its third volume on April 10, 2008. The magazine publishes information pertaining to ASCII Media Works' light novel publishing label "Dengeki Bunko", along with short stories written by already established authors who have had previous light novels published under "Dengeki Bunko". Other information pertains to adaptations from the light novels, such as video games, anime, or manga.

neg: Tari Tari Tari Tari is a 2012 Japanese anime television series produced by P.A.Works and directed by Masakazu Hashimoto. The series aired in Japan between July 1 and September 23, 2012 on TV Kanagawa, and was also simulcast by Crunchyroll. The series is licensed in North America by Sentai Filmworks. A manga adaptation illustrated by Tomiyaki Kagisora was serialized in Square Enix's "Gangan Joker" in 2012.

neg: Psychometrer Eiji Psychometrer Eiji (Japanese: サイコメトラーEIJI , Hepburn: Saikometorā Eiji ) is a mystery manga series written by Yuma Ando and illustrated by Masashi Asaki. The manga series is composed of 25 "tankōbon" and was serialized by Kodansha's "Weekly Shōnen Magazine". A remake written by Ando and illustrated by Asaki is currently being serialized on "Weekly Young Magazine".

neg: Zenki Zenki (Japanese: 鬼神童子ZENKI , Hepburn: Kishin Dōji Zenki , lit. ""Demon Child Zenki"") is a Japanese manga series written by Kikuhide Tani and illustrated by Yoshihiro Kuroiwa. It was serialized in the Shueisha publication, "Monthly Shōnen Jump" from 1992 to 1996. "Zenki" was adapted into a fifty-one episode anime television series in 1995 by Studio Deen and also spawned five video games. Enoki Films handles the English language version of the anime.

neg: This Art Club Has a Problem! This Art Club Has a Problem! (この美術部には問題がある! , Kono Bijutsubu ni wa Mondai ga Aru! ) is a Japanese manga series written and illustrated by Imigimuru. It began serialization in ASCII Media Works' "Dengeki Maoh" magazine with the December 2012 issue. A 12-episode anime television series adaptation by Feel aired between July and September 2016.

neg: Angel's 3Piece! Angel's 3Piece! (天使の3P! , also titled "Tenshi no 3P!" and "Here Comes the Three Angels") is a Japanese light novel series written by Sagu Aoyama and illustrated by Tinkle. ASCII Media Works have published eight volumes since June 2012 under their Dengeki Bunko imprint. Two manga adaptations have been produced published by ASCII Media Works. An anime television series adaptation by Project No.9 aired from July to September 2017.

neg: Jūni Taisen Jūni Taisen (十二大戦 , lit. "12 Wars") is a Japanese light novel written by Nisio Isin and illustrated by Hikaru Nakamura. It was published by Shueisha on May 19, 2015. The novel is licensed by Viz Media and will be released in hardcover in October 2017. An anime television series adaptation by Graphinica is scheduled to air on October 3, 2017.

neg: Children of the Sea (manga) Children of the Sea (Japanese: 海獣の子供 , Hepburn: Kaijū no Kodomo ) is a Japanese seinen adventure manga series written and illustrated by Daisuke Igarashi, and serialized in Shogakukan's monthly seinen manga magazine "Ikki". Shogakukan has released five "tankōbon" volumes so far, between July 30, 2007 and July 30, 2012. The manga is licensed in North America by Viz Media, who is serializing it online at Sigikki.com and who released the first "tankōbon" volume on July 21, 2009, and the second volume on December 15, 2009.

neg: Monthly Magazine Z Monthly Magazine Z (Japanese: 月刊マガジンZ , Hepburn: Gekkan Magajin Zetto ) was a Japanese seinen mixed-media magazine published by Kodansha, aimed at teenage males and above, but particularly at hardcore anime and manga fans, featuring articles as well as manga tied into popular franchises. Original manga were also featured in the magazine.

neg: The Sacred Blacksmith The Sacred Blacksmith (Japanese: Seiken no Burakkusumisu , Hepburn: lit. "The Sacred Sword Blacksmith" ) , is a Japanese light novel series by Isao Miura, with illustrations by Luna. All 16 volumes have been published by Media Factory under their MF Bunko J label. A manga adaptation by Kōtarō Yamada started serialization in the seinen manga magazine "Monthly Comic Alive" on March 27, 2009. The first "tankōbon" was published June 23, 2009. A 12 episode anime adaptation by Manglobe studios aired from October 3, 2009 to December 19, 2009.

neg: Kamisama Kiss Kamisama Kiss (Japanese: 神様はじめました , Hepburn: Kamisama Hajimemashita , lit. "I Became a God" or "God Began") is a Japanese manga series written and illustrated by Julietta Suzuki and serialized by Hakusensha in the "shōjo" manga magazine "Hana to Yume". The series is licensed for regional release in North America by Viz Media as part of their "Shojo Beat" imprint. An anime adaptation has been produced by TMS Entertainment and directed by Akitaro Daichi and began airing in October 2012. It has been streamed by Funimation Entertainment in North America. A second season was announced and premiered during January 2015.

neg: The High School Life of a Fudanshi The High School Life of a Fudanshi (腐男子高校生活 , Fudanshi Kōkō Seikatsu ) is a Japanese "yonkoma" manga series written and drawn by Atami Michinoku. The manga is published online in Ichijinsha's "Zero-Sum Online" with first "tankōbon" format released on September 25, 2015. The manga is licensed in North America by Seven Seas Entertainment.


query: Which position did this prominent official in Nazi Germany serve under Adolf Hitler to gain power within the Third Reich who accepted the establishment of the Freikorps?

pos: Freikorps Sauerland The Freikorps Sauerland (Free Corps of Sauerland), was a paramilitary association created by Gauleiter Albert Hoffmann in September 1944. In October, the Freikorps was officially established, and accepted by the Party Chancellery of Nazi Germany, where Martin Bormann, head of the Volkssturm associated the Freikorps to his services, as they often completed tasks, missions, etc. with them in the final months of the war. Hoffmann saw the Freikorps Sauerland as an "elite unit" in his Gau Westfalen-Süd campaigns against Allied Forces (notably, this is also where Albert Hoffmann had served as the Gauleiter before war had broken out).

pos: Martin Bormann Martin Bormann (17 June 1900 – 2 May 1945) was a prominent official in Nazi Germany as head of the Nazi Party Chancellery. He gained immense power within the Third Reich by using his position as Adolf Hitler's private secretary to control the flow of information and access to Hitler.

neg: Flensburg Government The Flensburg Government (German: "Flensburger Regierung" ), also known as the Flensburg Cabinet ("Flensburger Kabinett"), the Dönitz Government ("Regierung Dönitz"), or the Schwerin von Krosigk Cabinet ("Kabinett Schwerin von Krosigk"), was the short-lived government of Nazi Germany during a period of three weeks around the end of World War II in Europe. The government was formed following the suicide of Adolf Hitler on 30 April 1945 during the Battle of Berlin. It was headed by Grand Admiral Karl Dönitz as the Reichspräsident and Lutz Graf Schwerin von Krosigk as the Leading Minister.

neg: Nazi concentration camps Nazi Germany maintained concentration camps (German: "Konzentrationslager" , KZ or KL) throughout the territories it controlled before and during the Second World War. The first Nazi camps were erected in Germany in March 1933 immediately after Hitler became Chancellor and his Nazi Party was given control of the police by Reich Interior Minister Wilhelm Frick and Prussian Acting Interior Minister Hermann Göring. Used to hold and torture political opponents and union organizers, the camps initially held around 45,000 prisoners.

neg: Franz Halder Franz Halder (30 June 1884 – 2 April 1972) was a German general and the chief of the "Oberkommando des Heeres" staff (OKH, Army High Command) from 1938 until September 1942, when he was dismissed after frequent disagreements with Adolf Hitler. Until December 1941 Halder's military position corresponded to the old Chief of the General Staff position, which during World War I had been the highest military office in the German Imperial Army. Halder's diary during his time as chief of OKH General Staff has been a source for authors that have written about such subjects as Hitler, World War II and the Nazi Party. In William Shirer's "The Rise and Fall of the Third Reich", Halder's diary is cited hundreds of times.

neg: Oster Conspiracy The Oster Conspiracy of 1938 was a proposed plan to overthrow German "Führer" Adolf Hitler and the Nazi regime if Germany went to war with Czechoslovakia over the Sudetenland. It was led by Generalmajor (major general) Hans Oster, deputy head of the "Abwehr" and other high-ranking conservatives within the Wehrmacht who opposed the regime for its behaviour that was threatening to bring Germany into a war that they believed it was not ready to fight. They planned to overthrow Hitler and the Nazi regime through a planned storming of the Reich Chancellery by forces loyal to the plot to take control of the government, who would either arrest or assassinate Hitler, and restore the exiled Wilhelm II as Emperor.

neg: Alfred Meyer Gustav Alfred Julius Meyer (5 October 1891 in Göttingen – 11 April 1945 in Hessisch Oldendorf) was a Nazi official. He joined the Nazi party in 1928 and was the Gauleiter of North Westphalia from 1930 to 1945 and the "Reichsstatthalter" in Lippe and Schaumburg-Lippe from 1933 to 1945.

neg: Military Administration (Nazi Germany) During World War II, Nazi Germany created military-led regimes in occupied territories which were known as a Military administration or Military administration authority (de: "Militärverwaltung"). These differed from "Reichskommissariate" which were led by Nazi Party officials. A "Military administration" was normally led by a "military commander" ("Militärbefehlshaber", official acronym "MilBfh.").

neg: Nazi Party Chancellery The Party Chancellery ("Parteikanzlei"), was the name of the head office for the German Nazi Party (NSDAP), designated as such on 12 May 1941. The office existed previously as the Staff of the Deputy Führer ("Stab des Stellvertreters des Führers") but was renamed after Rudolf Hess flew to England in an attempt to negotiate a peace agreement without Hitler's authorization. Hess was denounced by Hitler, his former office was dissolved, and the new Party Chancellery was formed in its place under Martin Bormann.

neg: Staffelführer Staffelführer was one of the first paramilitary ranks used by the German "Schutzstaffel" (SS) in the early years of that group’s existence. The later SS rank of "Staffelführer" traces its origins to the First World War, where the title was used by commanding officers of the "Deutsches Heer"'s "Luftstreitkräfte" aircraft squadrons initially named as "Feldflieger Abteilung" as observation-only units in 1914, and during 1916, became known as "Staffeln".

neg: Obersturmführer Obersturmführer (] , "senior storm leader") was a Nazi Party paramilitary rank that was used in several Nazi organisations, such as the SA, SS, NSKK and the NSFK. Translated as “senior assault (or storm) leader”. The rank was akin in seniority to that of a "Oberleutnant" in the German Army and also the equivalent of 1st lieutenant in foreign armies.

neg: Hitler's Chancellery Hitler's Chancellery, officially known as the Kanzlei des Führers der NSDAP ("Chancellery of the Führer of the Nazi Party"; abbreviated as KdF) was a Nazi Party organization. Also known as the "Privatkanzlei des Führers" ("Private Chancellery of the Führer"), the agency served as the private chancellery of Adolf Hitler, handling different issues pertaining to matters such as complaints against party officials, appeals from party courts, official judgments, clemency petitions by NSDAP fellows and Hitler's personal affairs.

neg: Leadership ranks of the Sturmabteilung Leadership ranks of the Sturmabteilung were the titles and positions held by the commanders of the "Sturmabteilung" (SA) of the Nazi Party between the years of 1920 and 1945.

neg: Günther Schwägermann Günther Schwägermann (born 24 July 1915) served in the Nazi government of German dictator Adolf Hitler. From approximately late 1941, Schwägermann served as the adjutant for Dr. Joseph Goebbels. He reached the rank of SS-"Hauptsturmführer" (captain). Schwägermann survived World War II and was held in American captivity from 25 June 1945 until 24 April 1947.

neg: Führer Führer (] , spelled Fuehrer when the umlaut is not available) is a German word meaning "leader" or "guide". As a political title it is most associated with the Nazi dictator Adolf Hitler, who was the only person to hold the position of Führer. The word "Führer" in the sense of "guide" remains common in German, and it is used in numerous compound words. However, because of its strong association with Hitler, the isolated word usually comes with stigma and negative connotations when used with the meaning of "leader", especially in political contexts. The word "Führer" has cognates in the Scandinavian languages, spelled "fører" in Danish and Norwegian and "förare" in Swedish, which have the same meaning and use as the German word, but without necessarily having political connotations.

neg: Göring Telegram The Göring Telegram was a message sent by Adolf Hitler's designated successor—Hermann Göring—on 23 April 1945 asking for permission to assume leadership of the crumbling Third Reich. The telegram caused Hitler to strip his hand-picked successor of power and appoint new political successors, Joseph Goebbels and Karl Dönitz.

neg: August Meyszner August Edler von Meyszner (3 August 1886 – 24 January 1947) was an Austrian gendarmerie officer, right-wing politician, and senior "Ordnungspolizei" (order police) officer who held the post of Higher SS and Police Leader in the German-occupied territory of Serbia from January 1942 to March 1944, during World War II. He has been described as one of "Reichsführer-SS" Heinrich Himmler's most brutal subordinates.

neg: Themes in Nazi propaganda The propaganda of the National Socialist German Workers' Party regime that governed Germany from 1933 to 1945 promoted Nazi ideology by demonizing the enemies of the Nazi Party, notably Jews and communists, but also capitalists and intellectuals. It promoted the values asserted by the Nazis, including heroic death, "Führerprinzip" (leader principle), "Volksgemeinschaft" (people's community), "Blut und Boden" (blood and soil) and pride in the Germanic "Herrenvolk" (master race). Propaganda was also used to maintain the cult of personality around Nazi leader Adolf Hitler, and to promote campaigns for eugenics and the annexation of German-speaking areas. After the outbreak of World War II, Nazi propaganda vilified Germany's enemies, notably the United Kingdom, the Soviet Union and the United States, and in 1943 exhorted the population to total war.

neg: Wilhelm Keitel Wilhelm Keitel (22 September 1882 – 16 October 1946) was a German field marshal who served as Chief of the Armed Forces High Command ("Oberkommando der Wehrmacht" or OKW) in Nazi Germany during World War II. According to David Stahel, Keitel was "well known and [...] reviled as Hitler's dependable mouthpiece and habitual yes-man" among his military colleagues.

neg: Oberkommando der Luftwaffe The Oberkommando der Luftwaffe (OKL) was the air force High Command of the Third Reich.

neg: Beer Hall Putsch The Beer Hall Putsch, also known as the Munich Putsch, and, in German, as the Hitlerputsch or Hitler-Ludendorff-Putsch, was a failed coup attempt by the Nazi Party leader Adolf Hitler — along with "Generalquartiermeister" Erich Ludendorff and other "Kampfbund" leaders — to seize power in Munich, Bavaria, during 8–9 November 1923. About two thousand Nazis marched to the centre of Munich, where they confronted the police, which resulted in the death of 16 Nazis and four police officers. Hitler himself was not wounded during the clash, although he locked his left arm with the right arm of Max Erwin von Scheubner-Richter who, when he was shot and killed, pulled Hitler to the pavement with him. Hitler escaped immediate arrest and was spirited off to safety in the countryside. After two days, Hitler was arrested and charged with treason.

neg: Ordnungspolizei The Ordnungspolizei (] , "Order Police"), abbreviated Orpo, were the uniformed police force in Nazi Germany between 1936 and 1945. The Orpo organization was absorbed into the Nazi monopoly on power after regional police jurisdiction was removed in favor of the central Nazi government ("Verreichlichung" of the police). The Orpo was under the administration of the Interior Ministry but headed by members of the SS until the end of World War II. Owing to their green uniforms, Orpo were also referred to as "Grüne Polizei" (green police). The force was first established as a centralized organisation uniting the municipal, city, and rural uniformed police that had been organised on a state-by-state basis.


query: What Greek Goddess' name is also associated with the extinct volcano Kerkis?

pos: Kerkis Kerkis or Kerketeus (Greek, Modern: Κέρκης, "Kérkis"; Ancient: Κερκετεύς, "Kerketeús") is an extinct volcano, forming the bulk of the center of the Greek island of Samos. Its highest peak, named "Vigla" (Βίγλα), is at 1,433 m (4,701 ft), making it the second-highest peak in the East Aegean (after Fengari on Samothrace). The mountain's name, in both ancient and modern forms, means roughly, "belonging to Circe".

pos: Circe Circe ( ; (Greek: Κίρκη "Kírkē" ] ) is a goddess of magic or sometimes a nymph, witch, enchantress or sorceress in Greek mythology. By most accounts, she was the daughter of the sun god Helios, and Perse, an Oceanid nymph. Her brothers were Aeetes, keeper of the Golden Fleece, and Perses. Her sister was Pasiphaë, the wife of King Minos and mother of the Minotaur. Other accounts make her the daughter of Hecate, the goddess of witchcraft.

neg: Cephisso In Greek mythology, Cephisso (or Kephiso (Κηφισώ)) was one of the three Muses that were daughters of Apollo. Her sisters were Apollonis and Borysthenis.

neg: Kourotrophos Kourotrophos (Greek: κουροτρόφος , "child nurturer") is the name that was given in ancient Greece to gods and goddesses whose properties included their ability to protect young people. Such gods called by this adjective included Athena, Apollo, Hermes, Hecate, Aphrodite, Artemis, etc., and were usually depicted holding a baby in their arms.

neg: Dia (mythology) Dia (Greek: Δία or Δῖα, "heavenly", "divine" or "she who belongs to Zeus"), in ancient Greek religion and folklore, may refer to:

neg: Gayane (given name) Gayane (Armenian: Գայանե ; Գայիանէ ), also spelled Gayaneh, is a popular Armenian female name of unknown meaning. Some relate it to the Ancient Greek word "gaia", who was the "earth goddess," see Gaia.

neg: Ereshkigal In Mesopotamian mythology, Ereshkigal ( EREŠ.KI.GAL , lit. "Queen of the Great Earth") was the goddess of Irkalla, the land of the dead or underworld. Sometimes her name is given as Irkalla, similar to the way the name Hades was used in Greek mythology for both the underworld and its ruler, and sometimes it is given as Ninkigal, lit. "Great Lady of the Earth" or "Lady of the Great Earth".

neg: Alalcomeneis Alalcomeneis (Gr. Ἀλαλκομενηίς ) was an epithet of the Greek goddess Athena, the origin of which was subject to several theories. Some derived it from the name of the hero Alalcomenes, or from the Boeotian village of Alalcomenae, where in some traditions she was said to have been born. In or near that town there was a temple of Athena Alalcomeneis that was plundered by the Roman general Sulla in the early 1st century BC. After he removed the temple's main icon, an ivory statue of the goddess, the place fell into disuse and disrepair. In the early 19th century, William Martin Leake claimed ruins of the temple could still be seen.

neg: Thetis Thetis ( ; Greek: Θέτις ] ), is encountered in Greek mythology mostly as a sea nymph or known as the goddess of water, one of the 50 Nereids, daughters of the ancient sea god Nereus.

neg: Alcimache In Greek mythology, the name Alcimache (Ancient Greek: Ἁλκιμάχη) may refer to:

neg: Thespia (mythology) In Greek mythology, Thespia (Greek: Θέσπια) was the daughter of the river-god, Asopus and Metope, daughter of Ladon, also a river-god. Thespiae (the city west of Thebes) was named after her.

neg: Dawn goddess A dawn goddess is a deity in a polytheistic religious tradition who is in some sense associated with the dawn.

neg: Creusa In Greek mythology, Creusa ( ; Ancient Greek: Κρέουσα "Kreousa" "princess") may refer to the following figures:

neg: Androktasiai In Greek mythology, the Androktasiai (Ancient Greek: Ἀνδροκτασίαι ; singular: Androktasia) were the female personifications of manslaughter, and daughters of the goddess of strife and discord, Eris, . This name is also used for all of Eris' children collectively, as a whole group.

neg: Phorcys In Greek mythology, Phorcys ( ; Ancient Greek: Φόρκυς , "Phorkus") is a primordial sea god, generally cited (first in Hesiod) as the son of Pontus and Gaia. According to the Orphic hymns, Phorcys, Cronus and Rhea were the eldest offspring of Oceanus and Tethys. Classical scholar Karl Kerenyi conflated Phorcys with the similar sea gods Nereus and Proteus. His wife was Ceto, and he is most notable in myth for fathering by Ceto a host of monstrous children. In extant Hellenistic-Roman mosaics, Phorcys was depicted as a fish-tailed merman with crab-claw fore-legs and red-spiked skin.

neg: Elpis In Greek mythology, Elpis (Ancient Greek: ἐλπίς ) is the personification and spirit of hope (usually seen as an extension to suffering by the Greek, not as a god), perhaps a child of Nyx and mother of Pheme, the goddess of fame, renown and rumor. She was depicted as a young woman, usually carrying flowers or cornucopia in her hands.

neg: Melia (Oceanid) In Greek mythology, Melia is the name of one (or two) of the Oceanid daughters of Oceanus and Tethys.

neg: Isis Isis ( ; Ancient Greek: Ἶσις ] ; Egyptian: "3s.t" or "js.t;" Coptic: ⲏⲥⲉ "Ēse") is a goddess from the polytheistic pantheon of Egypt. She was first worshiped in ancient Egyptian religion, and later her worship spread throughout the Roman Empire and the greater Greco-Roman world. Isis is still widely worshiped by many pagans today in diverse religious contexts; including a number of distinct pagan religions, the modern Goddess movement, and interfaith organizations such as the Fellowship of Isis.

neg: Stratonice (mythology) Stratonice (Greek: Στρατoνίκη from στρατός "army" and νίκη "victory") is the name of four women in Greek mythology.

neg: Chía (goddess) The goddess Chía (from the Chibcha language "the one who is like the moon"), is a triple goddess in the religion of the Muisca who inhabited the Altiplano Cundiboyacense in pre-Columbian times. Of central importance to the pantheon, she was worshipped across various Muisca lands. In one of her many functions, Chía was considered to be the patron deity of the Zipa ruler, who governed the territory encompassing what is now Bogotá. Her ceremonial center was located in or around the city of Chía, Cundinamarca, which was aptly named after the goddess.

neg: Gaia (mythology) In Greek mythology, Gaia ( or from Ancient Greek Γαῖα , a poetical form of Γῆ "Gē", "land" or "earth"), also spelled Gaea, is the personification of the Earth and one of the Greek primordial deities. Gaia is the ancestral mother of all life: the primal Mother Earth goddess. She is the immediate parent of Uranus (the sky), from whose sexual union she bore the Titans (themselves parents of many of the Olympian gods) and the Giants, and of Pontus (the sea), from whose union she bore the primordial sea gods. Her equivalent in the Roman pantheon was Terra.

neg: Aracynthias Aracynthias (Ancient Greek: Ἀρακυνθιάς ) was a toponymic epithet of the Greek goddess Aphrodite, derived from Mount Aracynthus, the position of which is a matter of historical uncertainty, but on which she was said to have had a temple.


query: The 494th Fighter Squadron is part of what Royal Air Force station near the town on Lakenheath?

pos: 494th Fighter Squadron The 494th Fighter Squadron (494 FS) is part of the 48th Fighter Wing at RAF Lakenheath, England.

pos: RAF Lakenheath Royal Air Force Lakenheath or RAF Lakenheath (IATA: LKZ, ICAO: EGUL) is a Royal Air Force station near the town of Lakenheath in Suffolk, England, 4.7 mi north-east of Mildenhall and 8.3 mi west of Thetford.

neg: RAF East Kirkby Royal Air Force East Kirkby or more simply RAF East Kirkby is a former Royal Air Force station near the village of East Kirkby, south of Horncastle in Lincolnshire, just off the A155. The Greenwich meridian passes through the base.

neg: RAF Linton-on-Ouse RAF Linton-on-Ouse (IATA: HRT, ICAO: EGXU) is a Royal Air Force station at Linton-on-Ouse in North Yorkshire, England, 10 mi north-west of York. It is currently a flying training centre. It has satellite stations at RAF Topcliffe and RAF Dishforth.

neg: RAF Kilchiaran RAF Kilchiaran was a Royal Air Force radar station situated on the Isle of Islay in Scotland.

neg: RAF Keevil Royal Air Force Station Keevil or more simply RAF Keevil is a former Royal Air Force station located 4 mi east of Trowbridge, Wiltshire, England.

neg: RAF Snetterton Heath Royal Air Force station Snetterton Heath or more simply RAF Snetterton Heath is a former Royal Air Force station located south east of the A11, 6 mi south west of Attleborough, Norfolk, England.

neg: RAF Feltwell Royal Air Force Feltwell or more simply RAF Feltwell is a Royal Air Force station in Norfolk, East Anglia that is used by the United States Air Forces Europe. The station is located about 10 miles west of Thetford, and is in the borough of King's Lynn at approximate Ordnance Survey grid reference .

neg: 493d Fighter Squadron The 493d Fighter Squadron (493 FS), nicknamed "The Grim Reapers", is part of the United States Air Force's 48th Fighter Wing located at RAF Lakenheath, England. The 493d Fighter Squadron is currently the only USAF squadron flying the F-15C Eagle within the U.S. Air Forces in Europe Major Command and has been flying the F-15C since 1994. These 493d F-15C fighter aircraft are affixed with modern weaponry systems specifically designed to locate and target enemy aircraft and include the AIM-9 and AIM-120 air-to-air missiles. The 493d provides Air-to-Air offensive and defensive support missions for United States and NATO operations. The squadron has earned multiple commendations and awards, including the Air Force Association's Hughes Trophy in 1997 and 1999 and the 2014 Raytheon Trophy, being recognized as the top fighter squadron in the United States Air Force.

neg: 514th Air Mobility Wing The 514th Air Mobility Wing is a wing of the United States Air Force based at Joint Base McGuire-Dix-Lakehurst, New Jersey. It traces its history back to the activation of the 514th Troop Carrier Wing in May 1949.

neg: 48th Operations Group The 48th Operations Group (48 OG) is the flying component of the 48th Fighter Wing, assigned to the United States Air Forces in Europe - Air Forces Africa. The group is stationed at RAF Lakenheath, England.

neg: RAF Heathfield RAF Heathfield, sometimes known as RAF Ayr/Heathfield due to its proximity to Glasgow Prestwick Airport, which was also used by military flights, is a former Royal Air Force station.

neg: RAF Ossington RAF Ossington was a Royal Air Force station located near the village of Ossington, Nottinghamshire, England.

neg: RAF Watton Royal Air Force Station Watton or more simply RAF Watton is a former Royal Air Force station located 9 mi southwest of East Dereham, Norfolk, England.

neg: RAF Graveley RAF Graveley is a former Royal Air Force station located 5 mi south of Huntingdon.

neg: Castlereagh Aerodrome Castlereagh Aerodrome was a Royal Australian Air Force (RAAF) emergency landing ground and dispersal ground during World War II at Castlereagh, New South Wales, Australia. The runway was 5000 ft x 150 ft . The airfield was to become home to No. 94 Squadron's Mosquito aircraft and had been upgraded by No. 9 Airfield Construction Squadron, however the aircraft did not arrive before No. 94 Squadron was relocated to RAAF Base Richmond and disbanded.

neg: No. 4 Squadron RAF No. 4 (Reserve) Squadron (previously known as No. 4 Squadron, sometimes written as No. IV Squadron) of the Royal Air Force operates the BAE Hawk T2 in the training role from RAF Valley, as a part of No. 4 Flying Training School.

neg: 69th Fighter Squadron The 69th Fighter Squadron (69 FS) is a United States Air Force Reserve fighter squadron. It is assigned to the 944th Operations Group, stationed at Luke Air Force Base, Arizona.

neg: RAF Wildenrath Royal Air Force Wildenrath, commonly known as RAF Wildenrath, was a Royal Air Force military airbase near Wildenrath in North Rhine-Westphalia, Germany that operated from 1952 to 1992. Wildenrath was the first of four 'Clutch' stations built for the RAF in Germany during the early 1950s. It opened on 15 January 1952, and was followed by RAF Geilenkirchen on 24 May 1953, RAF Brüggen in July 1953 and RAF Laarbruch that opened on 15 October 1954. RAF Wildenrath, RAF Brüggen and RAF Laarbruch were close to each other and came under the auspices of NATO's Second Allied Tactical Air Force (2ATAF).

neg: RAF Sturgate Royal Air Force Station Sturgate or more simply RAF Sturgate is a former Royal Air Force station located 10 mi north of Lincoln, Lincolnshire, England.

neg: RAF Langford Lodge RAF Langford Lodge is a former Royal Air Force station near Belfast, Northern Ireland. Today the airfield is owned by RLC (UK) a subsidiary of RLC Engineering Group which is headquartered in the Isle of Man. Langford Lodge is located on the eastern shores of Lough Neagh and close to RAF Aldergrove/Belfast International Airport and the former RAF Nutts Corner.

neg: RAF North Creake Royal Air Force North Creake or more simply RAF North Creake is a former Royal Air Force station located 3.3 mi southwest of Wells-next-the-Sea, Norfolk and 5.7 mi northwest of Fakenham, Norfolk, England.


query: The Expected utility hypothesis was initiated by which Swiss mathematician in 1738?

pos: Expected utility hypothesis In economics, game theory, and decision theory the expected utility hypothesis, concerning people's preferences with regard to choices that have uncertain outcomes (gambles), states that if specific axioms are satisfied, the subjective value associated with an individual's gamble is the statistical expectation of that individual's valuations of the outcomes of that gamble. Initiated by Daniel Bernoulli in 1738, this hypothesis has proved useful to explain some popular choices that seem to contradict the expected value criterion (which takes into account only the sizes of the payouts and the probabilities of occurrence), such as occur in the contexts of gambling and insurance. Until the mid-twentieth century, the standard term for the expected utility was the moral expectation, contrasted with "mathematical expectation" for the expected value.

pos: Daniel Bernoulli Daniel Bernoulli FRS ( ; ] ; 8 February 1700 – 17 March 1782) was a Swiss mathematician and physicist and was one of the many prominent mathematicians in the Bernoulli family. He is particularly remembered for his applications of mathematics to mechanics, especially fluid mechanics, and for his pioneering work in probability and statistics. His name is commemorated in the Bernoulli's principle, a particular example of the conservation of energy, which describes the mathematics of the mechanism underlying the operation of two important technologies of the 20th century: the carburetor and the airplane wing.

neg: Émile Borel Félix Édouard Justin Émile Borel (] ; 7 January 1871 – 3 February 1956) was a French mathematician and politician. As a mathematician, he was known for his founding work in the areas of measure theory and probability.

neg: P-adic quantum mechanics "p"-adic quantum mechanics is a relatively recent approach to understanding the nature of fundamental physics. It is the application of p-adic analysis to quantum mechanics. The p-adic numbers are a counterintuitive arithmetic system that was discovered by the German mathematician Kurt Hensel in about 1899. The closely related adeles and ideles were introduced in the 1930s by Claude Chevalley and André Weil. Their study has now transformed into a major branch of mathematics. They were occasionally applied to the physical sciences, but it wasn't until a publication by the Russian mathematician Igor Volovich in 1987 that the subject was taken seriously. There are now hundreds of research articles on the subject, along with international journals as well.

neg: Pierre de Fermat Pierre de Fermat (] ; (Between 31 October and 6 December 1607 – 12 January 1665) was a French lawyer at the "Parlement" of Toulouse, France, and a mathematician who is given credit for early developments that led to infinitesimal calculus, including his technique of adequality. In particular, he is recognized for his discovery of an original method of finding the greatest and the smallest ordinates of curved lines, which is analogous to that of differential calculus, then unknown, and his research into number theory. He made notable contributions to analytic geometry, probability, and optics. He is best known for his Fermat's principle for light propagation and his Fermat's Last Theorem in number theory, which he described in a note at the margin of a copy of Diophantus' "Arithmetica".

neg: Carl Friedrich Gauss Johann Carl Friedrich Gauss ( ; German: "Gauß" , ] ; Latin: "Carolus Fridericus Gauss" ) (30 April 177723 February 1855) was a German mathematician who contributed significantly to many fields, including number theory, algebra, statistics, analysis, differential geometry, geodesy, geophysics, mechanics, electrostatics, magnetic fields, astronomy, matrix theory, and optics.

neg: Leontief utilities In economics and consumer theory, a Leontief utility function is a function of the form:

neg: Ludwig Stickelberger Ludwig Stickelberger (May 18, 1850 – April 11, 1936) was a Swiss mathematician who made important contributions to linear algebra (theory of elementary divisors) and algebraic number theory (Stickelberger relation in the theory of cyclotomic fields).

neg: Jens Kraft Jens Kraft (1720–1756) was a Danish mathematician and philosopher of Norwegian birth. He was born in Frederikshald in Norway, but at age 5 he became an orphan and was subsequently raised by his uncle in Thy in Jutland. As a philosopher he introduced the study of ontology to Scandinavian academic circles.

neg: Henri Fehr Henri Fehr (Zurich, 2 February 1870 – 1954) was a Swiss mathematician. He was the founder of the Foundation for the Advancement of Mathematical Sciences, of the journal "Commentarii Mathematici Helvetici" and of the journal "L'Enseignement Mathématique" along with Charles-Ange Laisant. Fehr's interests in mathematics were scientific and social as is demonstrated by his involvement in academic life, committees for the improvement of mathematical instruction, education of teachers and internationalization of mathematics.

neg: Bernoulli trial In the theory of probability and statistics, a Bernoulli trial (or binomial trial) is a random experiment with exactly two possible outcomes, "success" and "failure", in which the probability of success is the same every time the experiment is conducted. It is named after Jacob Bernoulli, a 17th century Swiss mathematician.

neg: Willem 's Gravesande Willem Jacob 's Gravesande (26 September 1688 – 28 February 1742) was a Dutch mathematician and natural philosopher, chiefly remembered for developing experimental demonstrations of the laws of classical mechanics. As professor of mathematics, astronomy, and philosophy at Leiden University, he helped to propagate Isaac Newton's ideas in Continental Europe.

neg: Auguste Forel Auguste-Henri Forel (1 September 1848 – 27 July 1931) was a Swiss myrmecologist, neuroanatomist, psychiatrist and eugenicist, notable for his investigations into the structure of the human brain and that of ants. For example, he is considered a co-founder of the neuron theory. Forel is also known for his early contributions to sexology and psychology. From 1978 until 2000 Forel’s image appeared on the 1000 Swiss franc banknote.

neg: Marcel Grossmann Marcel Grossmann (Hungarian: "Grossmann Marcell" , April 9, 1878 – September 7, 1936) was a mathematician and a friend and classmate of Albert Einstein. Grossmann was a member of an old Swiss family from Zurich. His father managed a textile factory. He became a Professor of Mathematics at the Federal Polytechnic School in Zurich, today the ETH Zurich, specializing in descriptive geometry.

neg: Contributions of Leonhard Euler to mathematics The 18th-century Swiss mathematician Leonhard Euler (1707–1783) is among the most prolific and successful mathematicians in the history of the field. His seminal work had a profound impact in numerous areas of mathematics and he is widely credited for introducing and popularizing modern notation and terminology.

neg: Dietrich Mahnke Dietrich Mahnke (October 17, 1884, Verden – July 25, 1939, Fürth) was a German philosopher and historian of mathematics.

neg: Ernst Engel Ernst Engel (March 26, 1821 – December 8, 1896) was a German statistician and economist, famous for the Engel curve and the Engel's law.

neg: Gerhard Frey Gerhard Frey (] ; born 1944) is a German mathematician, known for his work in number theory. His Frey curve, a construction of an elliptic curve from a purported solution to the Fermat equation, was central to Wiles' proof of Fermat's Last Theorem.

neg: L'Hôpital's rule In mathematics, and more specifically in calculus, L'Hôpital's rule or L'Hospital's rule (] ) uses derivatives to help evaluate limits involving indeterminate forms. Application (or repeated application) of the rule often converts an indeterminate form to an expression that can be evaluated by substitution, allowing easier evaluation of the limit. The rule is named after the 17th-century French mathematician Guillaume de l'Hôpital. Although the contribution of the rule is often attributed to L'Hôpital, the theorem was first introduced to L'Hôpital in 1694 by the Swiss mathematician Johann Bernoulli.

neg: Aurel Stodola Aurel Boleslav Stodola (10 May 1859 – 25 December 1942) was a Slovak engineer, physicist, and inventor. He was a pioneer in the area of technical thermodynamics and its applications and published his book "Die Dampfturbine" (the steam turbine) in 1903. In addition to the thermodynamic issues involved in turbine design the book discussed aspects of fluid flow, vibration, stress analysis of plates, shells and rotating discs and stress concentrations at holes and fillets. Stodola was a professor of mechanical engineering at the Swiss Polytechnical Institute (now ETH) in Zurich. One of his students was Albert Einstein. In 1892, Stodola founded the Laboratory for Energy Conversion.

neg: Johann Heinrich Lambert Johann Heinrich Lambert (] , "Jean-Henri Lambert" in French; 26 August 1728 – 25 September 1777) was a Swiss polymath who made important contributions to the subjects of mathematics, physics (particularly optics), philosophy, astronomy and map projections.

neg: Auguste Comte Isidore Marie Auguste François Xavier Comte (] ; 19 January 1798 – 5 September 1857) was a French philosopher who founded the discipline of praxeology and the doctrine of positivism. He is sometimes regarded as the first philosopher of science in the modern sense of the term.


query: The actor that won the BAFTA for Best Actor in a Leading Role for his performance in "Billy Elliot" also starred with Devon Alan and Dermot Mulroney in what 2004 film?

pos: Undertow (2004 film) Undertow is a 2004 psychological thriller film directed by David Gordon Green, starring Jamie Bell, Devon Alan, Dermot Mulroney and Josh Lucas. Taking place in Georgia, the film tells the story of two boys pursued by a murderous uncle.

pos: Jamie Bell Andrew James Matfin Bell (born 14 March 1986) is an English actor and dancer who rose to prominence for his debut role in "Billy Elliot" (2000) for which he won the BAFTA for Best Actor in a Leading Role. He is also known for his roles in the films "King Kong" (2005), "Jumper" (2008), "The Adventures of Tintin" (2011), and "Snowpiercer" (2013), as well as starring as Abraham Woodhull in the TV series, "" (2014). He portrayed the Thing in the 2015 film "Fantastic Four".

neg: My Baby's Daddy My Baby's Daddy is a 2004 comedy film, directed by Cheryl Dunye.

neg: John Abraham (actor) John Abraham (born 17 December 1972) is an Indian film actor, producer and a former model who appears in Hindi films. After modelling for numerous advertisements and companies, he made his film debut with "Jism" (2003), which earned him a Filmfare Best Debut Award nomination. This was followed by his first commercial success, "Dhoom" (2004). He received two Filmfare Award nominations, for his negative roles in "Dhoom", and in "Zinda" (2006). He later appeared in the major critical success "Water" (2005). He was nominated for a Filmfare Award for Best Supporting Actor for the film "Baabul" (2006). Since then, Abraham has starred in many critically and commercially successful films including "Kaal" (2005), "Garam Masala" (2005), "Taxi No. 9211" (2006), "Dostana" (2008), "New York" (2009), "Force" (2011), "Desi Boyz" (2011), "Housefull 2" (2012), "Race 2" (2013), "Shootout at Wadala" (2013), "Madras Cafe" (2013), "Welcome Back" (2015), "Dishoom" (2016), and the latest, "Force 2", thus establishing himself as a commercially successful actor of Indian cinema.

neg: Billy Boyle Billy Boyle is an Irish actor on British film, television and stage. He is a veteran of the West End stage having played leading roles in over 15 hit shows. In his first West End musical "Maggie May" he was nominated as best newcomer. Gower Champion then chose him to play Barnaby in "Hello Dolly" at The Theatre Royal Drury Lane. He appeared in "Canterbury Tales" at the Phoenix Theatre as The Clerk of Oxford. Harold Hobson, The Times critic said, "He was a breath of fresh air in the West-End". He then went on to play leading roles in "No Sex Please, We're British", "Billy", "What's a Nice Country", "The Rivals", "Love, Lust, & Marriage", "Some Like it Hot", Disney's "Beauty and the Beast", and in the original cast of "Dirty Dancing. Lately he has appeared as Grandpa George" and Grandpa Joe in Charlie and The Chocolate Factory at Drury Lane. In 2016 he was Major Bouvier and Norman Vincent Peale in the smash hit Grey Gardens. He followed this playing Arvide in Guys and Dolls at the Phoenix Theatre in the West End.He has had his own very successful television series in Ireland "It's Billy Boyle" as well as leading roles in "Trail of Guilt", the award-winning "The Grass Arena", "The Bretts", as well as many guest appearances in EastEnders, The Professionals, Coronation Street, Father Ted etc. In the late 1970s, Boyle was cast as 'Ronald McDonald' in the European TV commercials and in all print media for the fast food chain McDonald's. He was the last 'straight man' to Basil Brush on BBC1's "The Basil Brush Show" and later presented a programme, Dance Crazy for ITV, on the history of dance with Lesley Judd. Lately he has been seen in Dirk Gently, for BBC Four and Lead Balloon. His many films include Stanley Kubrick's "Barry Lyndon", "Groupie Girl", "Side by Side", "Shergar", "Wild Geese II", "The Scarlet and the Black", "Round Ireland with a Fridge" and A United Kingdom.

neg: Ben Daniels Ben Daniels (born David T Daniels on 10 June 1964) is an English actor. Initially a celebrated stage actor, Daniels was nominated for an Olivier Award for Best Supporting Actor for "Never the Sinner" (1991), the Evening Standard Award for Best Actor for "900 Oneonta" (1994), Best Actor in the M.E.N. Theatre Awards for "Martin Yesterday" (1998), and won the 2001 Olivier Award for Best Supporting Actor for his performance in the Arthur Miller play "All My Sons".

neg: Wallace Shawn Wallace Michael Shawn (born November 12, 1943) is an American actor, voice actor, playwright, essayist and comedian. His film roles have included those of Wally Shawn in the Louis Malle-directed comedy-drama "My Dinner with Andre" (1981), Vizzini in "The Princess Bride" (1987), Ezra in "The Haunted Mansion", providing the voice of Rex in the "Toy Story" franchise, providing the voice of Gilbert Huph in "The Incredibles" (2004), and providing the voice of Calico in "" (2010). He also starred in a variety of television series, including "Gossip Girl" and recurring appearances as Grand Nagus Zek in "" (1993–99).

neg: Roland Manookian Roland Manookian (born 8 September 1979) is an English actor, who is most notable for his role as Zeberdee in the 2004 film "The Football Factory", and as Craig Rolfe in "Rise of the Footsoldier" in 2007. He has also appeared in Guy Richie's "Rocknrolla" and Nick Love's "Goodbye Charlie Bright" and "The Business". He has also appeared in episodes of "The Bill" in 1999 as Ben Glover.

neg: Ed Stoppard Edmund "Ed" Stoppard (born 16 September 1974) is an English actor.

neg: Josh Bolt Josh Bolt (born Joshua Ryan Bolt on 2 May 1994) is an English actor from Liverpool, England. He played "Robbie" in the multi award winning feature film "The Be All and End All", a role which saw him shortlisted for the best newcomer at the 2009 British Indepependent Film Awards. Josh began acting at the age of 12 when he was cast in a theatre production of "Much Ado About Nothing". In 2009 he starred alongside Aaron Johnson and Kristin Scott Thomas playing "Pete Shotton" in the BAFTA nominated film "Nowhere Boy".

neg: Head in the Clouds Head in the Clouds is a 2004 Canadian-British war drama film written and directed by John Duigan. The original screenplay focuses on the choices young lovers must make as they find themselves surrounded by increasing political unrest in late-1930s Europe.

neg: Liam Neeson filmography Liam Neeson is an Irish actor and voice actor, who rose to prominence with his acclaimed starring role in Steven Spielberg's 1993 Oscar winner "Schindler's List". He has since starred in a number of other successful films, including "", "Taken", "Michael Collins", "Les Misérables", "Batman Begins", "Kinsey", "Clash of the Titans", and "The Chronicles of Narnia" series. He has been nominated for a number of awards including an Academy Award for Best Actor, a BAFTA Award for Best Actor in a Leading Role and three Golden Globe Awards for Best Actor in a Motion Picture Drama. "Empire" magazine ranked Neeson among both the "100 Sexiest Stars in Film History" and "The Top 100 Movie Stars of All Time."

neg: Fracture (2004 film) Fracture is a 2004 New Zealand film written and directed by Larry Parr and based on the novel by Maurice Gee. The film is set in Wellington and stars Kate Elliott, Jared Turner and Australian John Noble. The film was met with positive reviews and was the second highest grossing local film at the New Zealand box office in 2004 behind In My Father's Den.

neg: The Dust Factory The Dust Factory is a 2004 film directed and written by Eric Small.

neg: Never Die Alone Never Die Alone is a 2004 crime thriller film directed by Ernest R. Dickerson. It is an adaptation of the novel of the same name, written by Donald Goines.

neg: Deadly Visions Deadly Visions is a 2004 made-for-television film starring Nicollette Sheridan, Gordon Currie, Sarah Deakins, Philip Granger, Haili Page and Frida Betrani. It was directed by Michael Scott and written by John Murlowski.

neg: Clifton Powell Clifton Powell (born March 16, 1956) is an American actor, known for playing supporting roles in films, most significant "Ray" (2004), for which he received an NAACP Image Award for Outstanding Supporting Actor in a Motion Picture nomination.

neg: Jamie Foreman Jamie Foreman (born 25 May 1958) is an English actor best known for his roles as Duke in "Layer Cake" (2004) and Bill Sikes in Roman Polanski's "Oliver Twist" (2005). He played opposite Ray Winstone and Kathy Burke in Gary Oldman's "Nil by Mouth" (1997) and also featured in "Elizabeth" (1998), "Gangster No. 1" (2000) and "Sleepy Hollow" (1999). He appeared in the 2006 "Doctor Who" episode "The Idiot's Lantern" and featured as a racist taxi driver in "The Football Factory" (2004). In the 2008 film "Inkheart" Foreman played Basta. He also appeared in one episode of "" in 2009.

neg: Hugh Grant Hugh John Mungo Grant (born 9 September 1960) is an English actor and film producer. Grant has received a Golden Globe, a BAFTA, and an Honorary César for his work. His films have earned more than US$2.4 billion from 25 theatrical releases worldwide. Grant first received attention after earning the Volpi Cup for his performance in James Ivory's "Maurice" (1987) but achieved international success after appearing in the Richard Curtis-scripted "Four Weddings and a Funeral" (1994). Grant used this breakthrough role as a frequent cinematic persona during the 1990s, delivering comic performances in films such as "Mickey Blue Eyes" (1999) and "Notting Hill" (1999). One of the best known figures in 1990s British popular culture, Grant was in a high-profile relationship with Elizabeth Hurley, which was the focus of much attention in the British and international media.

neg: Ray (film) Ray is a 2004 American musical biographical film focusing on 30 years in the life of rhythm and blues musician Ray Charles. The independently produced film was written, produced and directed by Taylor Hackford, and stars Jamie Foxx in the title role. Foxx received an Academy Award for Best Actor for his performance as well as the Golden Globe, BAFTA, Screen Actors Guild and Critics' Choice awards, becoming the second actor to win all five major lead actor awards for the same performance, and the only one to win the Golden Globe in the Musical or Comedy (rather than the Drama) category.

neg: BAFTA Award for Best Actor in a Supporting Role Best Actor in a Supporting Role is a British Academy Film Award presented annually by the British Academy of Film and Television Arts (BAFTA) to recognize an actor who has delivered an outstanding supporting performance in a film. Actors of all nationalities are eligible to receive the award.

neg: Vanity Fair (2004 film) Vanity Fair is a 2004 British-American historical drama film directed by Mira Nair and adapted from William Makepeace Thackeray's novel of the same name. The novel has been the subject of numerous television and film adaptations, and Nair's version made notable changes in the development of main character Becky Sharp.


query: The Battle of Gazala, was fought during the Western Desert Campaign of which time period, west of the port of Tobruk in Libya, from 26 May to 21 June 1942, Axis troops of the "Panzerarmee Afrika", "Generaloberst" Erwin Rommel, a German general and military theorist?

pos: Battle of Gazala The Battle of Gazala (near the modern town of "Ayn al Ghazālah") was fought during the Western Desert Campaign of the Second World War, west of the port of Tobruk in Libya, from 26 May to 21 June 1942. Axis troops of the "Panzerarmee Afrika" ("Generaloberst" Erwin Rommel), consisted of German and Italian units. Allied forces (Commander-in-Chief Middle East, General Sir Claude Auchinleck), were mainly British, Indian, South African and Free French.

pos: Erwin Rommel Erwin Rommel (15 November 1891 – 14 October 1944) was a German general and military theorist. Popularly known as the Desert Fox, he served as field marshal in the Wehrmacht of Nazi Germany during World War II.

neg: 3rd Panzer Division (Wehrmacht) The 3rd Panzer Division (English: 3rd Tank Division ) was an armoured division in the German Army, the Wehrmacht, during World War II.

neg: Battle of Alam el Halfa The Battle of Alam el Halfa took place between 30 August and 5 September 1942 south of El Alamein during the Western Desert Campaign of the Second World War. "Panzerarmee Afrika"—a German–Italian force commanded by "Generalfeldmarschall" Erwin Rommel—attempted an envelopment of the British Eighth Army, commanded by Lieutenant-General Bernard Montgomery. In the last major Axis offensive (Operation Brandung/"Unternehmung Brandung") of the Western Desert Campaign, Rommel had planned to defeat the Eighth Army before Allied reinforcements made an Axis victory in Africa impossible.

neg: Battle of El Guettar The Battle of El Guettar was a battle that took place during the Tunisia Campaign of World War II, fought between elements of the Army Group Africa under General Hans-Jürgen von Arnim, along with Italian forces under General Giovanni Messe, and U.S. II Corps under Lieutenant General George Patton in south-central Tunisia. It was the first battle in which U.S. forces were able to defeat the experienced German tank units, but the followup to the battle was inconclusive.

neg: Last battle of the battleship Bismarck The last battle of the German battleship "Bismarck" took place in the Atlantic Ocean approximately 300 nmi west of Brest, France, on 26–27 May 1941. Although it was a decisive action between capital ships, it has no generally accepted name.

neg: Wolfsschlucht II "Führerhauptquartier" Wolfsschlucht II (English: "Wolf Canyon") or W2 was the codename used for one of Adolf Hitler's World War II Western Front military headquarters located in Margival, 10 km northeast of Soissons in the department of Aisne in France. It was one of many other Führer Headquarters throughout Europe but was used only one time by Adolf Hitler, June 16 and 17, 1944 for a meeting with Field Marshals Rommel and von Rundstedt about the Normandy Front.

neg: The Hardest Day The Hardest Day is a name given to a Second World War air battle fought during the Battle of Britain on 18 August 1940 between the German Luftwaffe and British Royal Air Force (RAF). By June 1940, the Allies had been defeated in Western Europe and Scandinavia. Britain rejected overtures for a negotiated peace. Consequently, Adolf Hitler issued the German armed forces ("Wehrmacht") Directive No. 16 ordering the invasion of the United Kingdom.

neg: Battle of Arnhem The Battle of Arnhem was a major battle of the Second World War fought in and around the Dutch towns of Arnhem, Oosterbeek, Wolfheze, Driel and the surrounding countryside from 17–26 September 1944.

neg: Battle of Kiev (1941) The First Battle of Kiev was the German name for the operation that resulted in a very large encirclement of Soviet troops in the vicinity of Kiev during World War II. This encirclement is considered the largest encirclement in the history of warfare (by number of troops). The operation ran from 7 August to 26 September 1941 as part of Operation Barbarossa, the Axis invasion of the Soviet Union. In Soviet military history, it is referred to as the Kiev Strategic Defensive Operation, with somewhat different dating of 7 July – 26 September 1941.

neg: Middle East Theatre of World War II The Middle East Theatre of World War II is defined largely by reference to the British Middle East Command, which controlled Allied forces in both Southwest Asia and eastern North Africa. From 1943, most of the action and forces concerned were in the adjoining Mediterranean Theatre.

neg: 25th Infantry Division Bologna The 25th Infantry Division Bologna (Italian: "25 Divisione Autotrasportabile "Bologna"") was an auto-transportable Infantry Division of the Italian Army during World War II. It was stationed in Tripolitania and was sent to Libya for the Italian invasion of Egypt. It fought in North Africa until it was destroyed in the Second Battle of El Alamein.

neg: Fritz Bayerlein Fritz Hermann Michael Bayerlein (14 January 1899 – 30 January 1970) was a general in the Wehrmacht of Nazi Germany during World War II. He initially served as a staff officer, including with Erwin Rommel in the Afrika Korps. He then commanded the 3rd Panzer Division, the Panzer Lehr Division and LIII Army Corps in the European theatre. Bayerlein was a recipient of the Knight's Cross of the Iron Cross with Oak Leaves and Swords.

neg: Battle of Sidi Bou Zid The Battle of Sidi Bou Zid ("Unternehmen Frühlingswind" /Operation Spring Breeze) took place during the Tunisia Campaign from 14–17 February 1943, in World War II. The battle was fought around Sidi Bou Zid, where a large number of American units were mauled by German and Italian forces. It resulted in the Axis recapturing the strategically important town of Sbeitla in central Tunisia. The success at Sidi Bou Zid was reversed by April by counter-attacks by British and American forces. The battle was planned by the Germans to be a two-part offensive-defensive operation against US positions in western Tunisia.

neg: Kozelsk Offensive The Kozelsk Offensive (Russian: Козельская наступательная операция ) was an offensive conducted by parts of the Red Army's Western Front against the German 2nd Panzer Army in southwestern Kaluga Oblast on the Eastern Front of World War II between 22 August and 9 September 1942.

neg: Rommel: The Desert Fox Young had served in North Africa in the Indian Army and was once taken prisoner by Rommel's troops. Young extensively interviewed Rommel's widow and collaborated with several individuals who had been close to Rommel, including Hans Speidel, with the support of British journalist and historian Basil Liddell Hart. Speidel, Rommel's former chief of staff, had already written in 1946 that he planned to turn Rommel into "the hero of the German people" and a role model for them. Rommel was a suitable candidate, since his suicide following the failed 20 July plot had led to the assumption that he had opposed Nazism. Young subscribed to this view, subtly conveying that Rommel served the regime but was not part of it.

neg: Heinrich von Prittwitz und Gaffron Heinrich von Prittwitz und Gaffron (4 September 1889 – 10 April 1941) was a general officer in the "Heer" (Army) branch of the "Wehrmacht" of Nazi Germany during World War II. He was commander of the 14th and 15th Panzer Divisions and was killed in action in the early stages of the Siege of Tobruk.

neg: Operation Crusader Operation Crusader was a military operation during the Second World War by the British Eighth Army against the Axis forces in North Africa between 18 November and 30 December 1941. The operation was intended to relieve the 1941 Siege of Tobruk; the Eighth Army tried to destroy the Axis armoured force before advancing its infantry. The plan failed when, after a number of inconclusive engagements, the British 7th Armoured Division was defeated by the "Afrika Korps" at Sidi Rezegh.

neg: Panzer-Grenadier-Division Großdeutschland The Panzer Grenadier Division Großdeutschland (also commonly referred to simply as Großdeutschland or Grossdeutschland or Grossdeutschland Division) was an elite combat unit of the German Army ("Heer") that fought on the Eastern Front in World War II. "Großdeutschland" was one of the best-equipped units of the German Army.

neg: Battle of Rhodes (1943) The Battle of Rhodes (Greek: Μάχη της Ρόδου ) was a brief battle between Italian and German forces for the control of the Greek island of Rhodes, in the then Italian-held Dodecanese islands in the Aegean Sea.

neg: XXXXVIII Panzer Corps XXXXVIII Panzer Corps (also: XXXXVIII Army Corps or XXXXVIII. "Armeekorps") , was a corps-level formation of the German Army which saw extensive action on both the eastern and western fronts during World War II.

neg: Order of battle for Operation Barbarossa This is the order of battle for Operation Barbarossa, the German invasion of the Soviet Union during World War II. It was fought between the German-led Axis Forces and the Soviet Forces. The operation started on June 22, 1941, and ended on December 5, 1941, at the conclusion of Operation Typhoon.


query: The Punk Singer is a documentary film about a feminist singer who fronted which bands in the 1990's?

pos: The Punk Singer The Punk Singer is a 2013 documentary film about feminist singer Kathleen Hanna who fronted the bands Bikini Kill and Le Tigre, and who was a central figure in the riot grrrl movement. Directed by filmmaker Sini Anderson and produced by Anderson and Tamra Davis, the film's title is taken from the Julie Ruin song "The Punk Singer", from Hanna's 1998 solo effort.

pos: Kathleen Hanna Kathleen Hanna (born November 12, 1968) is an American singer, musician, artist, feminist activist, pioneer of the feminist punk riot grrrl movement, and punk zine writer. In the early-to-mid-1990s she was the lead singer of feminist punk band Bikini Kill, before fronting Le Tigre in the late 1990s and early 2000s. In 1998, Hanna released a lo-fi solo album under the name Julie Ruin and since 2010, has been working on a project called The Julie Ruin. A documentary film about Hanna was released in 2013 by director Sini Anderson, titled "The Punk Singer", detailing Hanna's life and career, as well as revealing her years-long battle with Lyme disease. Hanna is married to Adam Horovitz of the Beastie Boys.

neg: Anti Feminism Anti Feminism (stylized as ∀NTI FEMINISM) is the solo musical project started by vocalist Kenzi in 1991. None of the other members are considered official. The rotating supporting members come from various parts of Japan, including Tokyo, Osaka, Sapporo, Fukuoka, and Nagoya. In 2007, Anti Feminism toured through Europe and the U.S. with Hagakure.

neg: Spitboy Spitboy was an American anarcho-punk band founded in the San Francisco bay area, in California in 1990. The all-female band aggressively criticized patriarchy and gender roles but did not associate with the contemporaneous riot grrrl movement. They released several records and toured extensively before disbanding in 1995. Members later played in the bands Instant Girl and Aus Rotten, while drummer Michelle Cruz Gonzales]] and vocalist Adrienne Droogas have been active as writers.

neg: Sarah Dash Sarah Dash (born August 18, 1945) is a singer and actress. Her first notable appearance on the music scene was as a member of Patti LaBelle & the Bluebelles. Dash has had a full career, moving from singer, to songwriter, session musician, sideman for famous bands that include LaBelle, The Rolling Stones, and Keith Richards.

neg: Chisel (band) Chisel was a punk rock band from the United States that existed between 1990 and 1997. In that time, the group released two full-length albums and a compilation of early recordings.

neg: Bikini Kill Bikini Kill was an American punk rock band formed in Olympia, Washington, in October 1990. The group consisted of singer and songwriter Kathleen Hanna, guitarist Billy Karren, bassist Kathi Wilcox, and drummer Tobi Vail. The band is widely considered to be the pioneer of the riot grrrl movement, and was known for its radical feminist lyrics and fiery performances. Their music is characteristically abrasive and hardcore-influenced. After two full-length albums, several EPs and two compilations, they disbanded in 1997.

neg: Rebel Girl (song) "Rebel Girl" is a song by American punk rock band Bikini Kill. The song was released in three different recorded versions in 1993 – on an EP, an LP, and a 7-inch single. The single version was produced by Joan Jett and features her on guitar and background vocals. Widely considered a classic example of punk music, the song remains emblematic of the riot grrrl movement of the 1990s.

neg: Bitch and Animal Bitch and Animal, a duo consisting of musicians Bitch and Animal Prufrock, were a queercore band that performed from 1995 to 2004. They became established while touring as an opening act for Ani DiFranco, and later launched their own highly successful tours.

neg: Girl Power (video) Girl Power is a queer feminist video made in 1992 by Sadie Benning with a Fisher-Price PixelVision camera. The video, which runs for 15 minutes, is considered at once a reflection on Benning's unhappy childhood and a celebration of her sexuality and the Riot grrrl subculture. The video was featured in "Pixel This Vision", a project organized by The Balagan Experimental Film & Video Series to "put together a program of the best of PixelVision"

neg: Girl Monstar Girl Monstar were an all female Australian rock band which formed 1988 with the line-up of Damian Child on bass guitar; Anne McCue on lead guitar and vocals; Sherry Valier (aka Sherry Rich) on vocals and rhythm guitar (ex-Cactus Fever); and Sue World on drums and vocals (ex-Wet Ones). Both of their singles, "Surfing on a Wave of Love" / "He's Hell" (1989) and "Joe Cool" (1990), topped the Australian Independent charts. They issued one album, "Monstereo Delicio", in July 1992 on Timberyard Records. Child was replaced by Janene Abbott but the group disbanded in 1993. Australian musicologist, Ian McFarlane, described their sound "trash pop style mixed tough guitar riffs with strong harmonies". Valier as Rich, is a country rock artist and has issued solo material as well as performing in bands. McCue is also an alternative country artist, she relocated to Nashville and has released several solo albums.

neg: Punk's Not Dead (2007 film) Punk's Not Dead is a 2007 documentary film directed by Susan Dynner, an American hardcore punk fan. The film claims to infiltrate American clubs, malls, recording studios, etc. where it sets out to claim hardcore punk and pop punk music is "thriving" from an American perspective. Its content features performances largely from 1980s hardcore bands and MTV skate punk and pop punk/rock acts. It also includes various interviews and behind-the-scenes footage with the bands, labels and fans.

neg: Annie Haslam Annie Haslam (born 8 June 1947 in Bolton, Lancashire, England) is an English vocalist, songwriter, and painter. She is best known as the lead singer of progressive rock band Renaissance since 1971, and for her long and diverse solo singing career. She has a five-octave vocal range. From 2002, Haslam has developed a parallel career as a visual artist, producing paintings on canvas, painted musical instruments, and giclées.

neg: Skinned Teen Skinned Teen was a riot grrrl band from London, England, active in the early 1990s. They have been cited as an inspiration by Beth Ditto, Kathleen Hanna and Josephine Olaussan of Love Is All.

neg: Pink Champagne Pink Champagne (first named Kasern 9) was a Swedish feminist punk band in the 1980s. It consisted of four women, Stina Berge (drums), Ann Carlberger (vocals), Karin Jansson (guitar) and Gunilla Welin (bass). Kajsa Grytt was briefly a member. They released two full-length albums, "Vackra pojke!" ("Beautiful Boy!", 1981) and "Kärlek eller ingenting" ("Love or Nothing", 1983), before breaking up in 1984.

neg: Foxcore Foxcore is a 1990s rock music genre of bands featuring female singers. According to Joanne Gottlieb and Gayle Wald, the term was coined as a joke by Thurston Moore during the early 1990s to describe a wave of loud and aggressive female fronted bands that was occurring at the time. Failing to understand Moore's humorous intent, and confusing it with the Riot Grrrl and movement of that era, the media picked up on the term.

neg: Eric Singer Project Eric Singer Project is an American rock band. ESP was founded in the 1990s by Eric Singer, drummer for such acts as Lita Ford, Black Sabbath, Badlands, Alice Cooper, and Kiss, along with Bruce Kulick (Kiss, Grand Funk Railroad) on guitar, John Corabi (The Scream, Mötley Crüe, Ratt) on guitar and bass, and Karl Cochran on guitar and bass. Vocals duties were shared by Eric, John, and Karl.

neg: Roxy Saint Roxanne "Roxy" Saint (born November 5, 1977) is an American singer, musician, video producer, director, and actress who started singing at age 17. She's known for her role in the film "Zombie Strippers" and as the lead performer in the goth band Roxy Saint and the Blackouts.

neg: Teresa Taylor Teresa Taylor (born 1962), also known as Teresa Nervosa, is an American musician and actress. She is best known as being a drummer for the American punk band Butthole Surfers.

neg: I Was a Teenage Feminist I Was A Teenage Feminist is an American/Canadian documentary film directed by Therese Shechter, produced by UpFront Productions and distributed by Women Make Movies. The title is a play on that of the 1957 horror movie, "I Was a Teenage Werewolf". The film explores the marked discomfort among many young, progressive women to identify themselves as feminists and how that discomfort came to be. Through personal narrative as well as interviews with feminist icons and everyday women and men, Shechter’s film documents a complex, multi-generational look at feminist identity in today’s world. The film had its television premiere on March 8, 2005 (International Women's Day) Canada's W Network, and it won Best Film at the National Council of Jewish Women Film Festival and Special Mention at the Karachi International Film Festival in 2006.

neg: Chris Barrows Chris Barrows (born Wichita, Kansas) is an American vocalist and songwriter best known as frontman of the punk band Pink Lincolns. Barrows co-founded The Pink Lincolns in 1986 in Tampa, Florida, quickly becoming known for his "trademark snotty humor" and stage antics. Still active in Florida, the band has released a number of albums and EPs including splits such as "Screeching Weasel/Pink Lincolns Split" and "Live At Some Prick's House" with The Queers. In 1998 Barrows released one album as vocalist of the group The Jackie Papers, and in 2009 he released the album "Shove" while vocalist of the punk group The Spears. His debut solo album, "Human Being," will be released by 24 Hour Service Station on September 9, 2014.

neg: Selene Vigil-Wilk Selene Here Vigil (born July 16, 1965) is an American singer and musician. She co-founded grunge band 7 Year Bitch alongside Elizabeth Davis, Valerie Agnew and Stefanie Sargent in 1990; they released three studio albums before disbanding in 1997. In 2000, Vigil formed a gothic band, Cistine. In 2010, Vigil released her debut solo album, "That Was Then".


query: Huh Jung directed which film, released on August 17, 2017?

pos: Huh Jung Huh Jung (born 1981) is a South Korean film director and screenwriter. Huh directorial debut - a low-budget horror-thriller "Hide and Seek" (2013) starring Son Hyun-joo, was an unexpected hit in 2013 with 5.6 million admissions. His second feature - also a horror film, titled "The Mimic", stars actress Yum Jung-ah and is scheduled to release in 2017.

pos: The Mimic (film) The Mimic is a 2017 South Korean horror-thriller film written and directed by Huh Jung, and starring Yum Jung-ah and Park Hyuk-kwon. It was released on August 17, 2017.

neg: Jung Min-ah Jung Min-ah (born March 3, 1994) is a South Korean actress. She began her career as a child actress, starring in television dramas such as "Damo" (2003), "Fashion 70's" (2005) and "Time Between Dog and Wolf" (2007).

neg: Monster (2017 film) Monster is an upcoming South Korean period thriller film directed by Heo Jong-ho. It stars Kim Myung-min, Park Hee-soon, Lee Geung-young, Choi Woo-shik, Park Sung-woong, Kim In-kwon and Lee Hye-ri.

neg: May 18 (film) May 18 (; lit. "Splendid Holiday") is a South Korean film released in 2007.

neg: Mon Mon Mon Monsters Mon Mon Mon Monsters is a 2017 Taiwanese horror-comedy film written, directed and co-produced by Giddens Ko. It premiered as the closing film for the 41st Hong Kong International Film Festival in April 2017, and was released in theaters on July 28, 2017.

neg: Journey to the West: The Demons Strike Back Journey to the West: The Demons Strike Back () is a 2017 Chinese fantasy-adventure-comedy film directed by Tsui Hark and written and produced by Stephen Chow. The film is a sequel to the 2013 film "", which was directed, written, and produced by Chow.

neg: Walking Past the Future Walking Past the Future ( ) is a 2017 Chinese drama film directed by Li Ruijun. It was screened in the Un Certain Regard section at the 2017 Cannes Film Festival.

neg: Chupan Chupai Chupan Chupai is an upcoming 2017 Pakistani comedy-thriller film directed by Mohsin Ali. The film stars Ahsan Khan and Neelam Munir in the lead cast. It is expected to release in December 2017 under the production banner of Huzu Productions.

neg: Eye on Juliet Eye on Juliet is a Canadian drama film, directed by Kim Nguyen and released in 2017.

neg: The Handmaiden The Handmaiden (;  "Lady" ) is a 2016 South Korean erotic psychological thriller film directed by Park Chan-wook and starring Kim Min-hee, Kim Tae-ri, Ha Jung-woo and Cho Jin-woong. It is inspired from the novel "Fingersmith" by Welsh writer Sarah Waters, with the setting changed from Victorian era Britain to Korea under Japanese colonial rule.

neg: King and the Clown King and the Clown (, lit. "The King's Man") is a 2005 South Korean historical drama film, starring Kam Woo-sung, Jung Jin-young and Lee Joon-gi. It was adapted from the 2000 stage play, "Yi" ("You") about Yeonsangun of Joseon, a Joseon dynasty king and a court clown who mocks him. It was released on 29 December 2005, runs for 119 minutes; and distributed domestically by Cinema Service and internationally by CJ Entertainment.

neg: Park Jung-woo Park Jung-woo (born 1969) is a South Korean film director and screenwriter. Park is an award-winning screenwriter turned director, and probably ranks as South Korea's most well-known screenwriter for his famous stories such as "Attack the Gas Station" (1999), "Last Present" (2001), "Kick the Moon" (2001), "Break Out" (2002) and "Jail Breakers" (2002). In 2004, he debuted with his directorial feature "Dance with the Wind" (2004). His third feature "Deranged" (2012) is a refreshing and unique take on the disaster genre, was a hit with more than 4.5 million admissions.

neg: The Outlaws (2017 film) The Outlaws is an upcoming South Korean crime action film directed by Kang Yoon-sung. The film stars Ma Dong-seok and Yoon Kye-sang.

neg: Legend of the Naga Pearls Legend of the Naga Pearls (Chinese: 鲛珠传) is an upcoming Chinese fantasy adventure film directed by Yang Lei, starring Darren Wang, Zhang Tianai and Sheng Guansen. It is the first film to be set in the fictional world of Novoland. The film will be released on August 11, 2017 in China.

neg: OK Mein Dhokhe OK Mein Dhokhe (Hindi: ओके में धोखे English: Deceptions in OK) is an upcoming Indian 2016 Bollywood drama thriller film, directed by Utpal S. Chaudhary, under the banners of Meow Music Company and Lotus Media & Films. The film is set to release on 18 March 2016.

neg: Miracle in Cell No. 7 Miracle in Cell No. 7 (; lit. "A Gift from Room 7") is a 2013 South Korean film starring Ryu Seung-ryong, Kal So-won and Park Shin-hye. The film is a heartwarming comedy and family melodrama about a mentally challenged man wrongfully imprisoned for murder, who builds friendships with the hardened criminals in his cell, and in return they help him see his daughter again by smuggling her into the prison.

neg: Boonie Bears III Boonie Bears III is a 2016 Chinese animated adventure comedy film directed by Ding Liang and Lin Yongchang. The film is the third installment in the "Boonie Bears" film series based on the animated series of the same name, following the 2015 film "". It was released in China on January 16, 2016. It will be followed by "", scheduled for release in 2017.

neg: 52Hz, I Love You 52 Hz, I Love You (Mandarin: 52赫茲我愛你) is a 2017 Taiwanese musical drama film directed by Wei Te-sheng. It was released on January 26, 2017.

neg: A Dirty Carnival A Dirty Carnival (; lit: <nowiki></nowiki>"The Mean Street"<nowiki></nowiki>) is a South Korean neo-noir action thriller film directed by Yoo Ha. It is Yoo Ha's fourth feature film, his previous work being the 2004 drama, "Once Upon a Time in High School".

neg: Duckweed (film) Duckweed (Chinese: 乘风破浪; lit. Ride the Winds, Break the Waves) is a 2017 Chinese drama film directed by Han Han and starring Deng Chao, Eddie Peng, Zanilia Zhao and Dong Zijian. It was released on January 28, 2017.

neg: Plum Blossom (film) Plum Blossom (; lit. "Youth") is a 2000 South Korean coming-of-age film written and directed by Kwak Ji-kyoon.