query: Where was the decree issued that Antoine Galland  was called upon, with two other experts, to make  lithographic copies of in Cairo ?

pos: Antoine Galland (1763–1851) Antoine Galland (17631851) was a publisher and printer during the French Revolution and First Empire. As a printer he joined the Commission des Sciences et des Arts, a body of technical experts ("savants") sent to Egypt in 1798 to aid the work of the French expeditionary force in its successful invasion. He was therefore in Cairo when the newly discovered Rosetta Stone arrived in the city. With two other experts (Jean-Joseph Marcel and Nicolas-Jacques Conté) he was called on to make lithographic copies from the stone. These copies, the first seen in Europe, were used by Silvestre de Sacy and Johan David Åkerblad in their early attempts to decipher the hieroglyphic and demotic scripts.

pos: Rosetta Stone The Rosetta Stone is a granodiorite stele, found in 1799, inscribed with three versions of a decree issued at Memphis, Egypt in 196 BC during the Ptolemaic dynasty on behalf of King Ptolemy V. The top and middle texts are in Ancient Egyptian using hieroglyphic script and Demotic script, respectively, while the bottom is in Ancient Greek. As the decree has only minor differences between the three versions, the Rosetta Stone proved to be the key to deciphering Egyptian hieroglyphs.

neg: Mamluk architecture Mamluk architecture was a flowering of Islamic art during the reign of the Mamluk Sultanate (1250–1517), which is most visible in medieval Cairo. Religious zeal made them generous patrons of architecture and art, it was highly influenced by the Ancient Egyptian architecture and Coptic architecture within Egypt. Trade and agriculture flourished under Mamluk rule, and Cairo, their capital, became one of the wealthiest cities in the Near East and the center of artistic and intellectual activity. This made Cairo, in the words of Ibn Khaldun, "the center of the universe and the garden of the world", with majestic domes, courtyards, and soaring minarets spread across the city.

neg: Anastasia (artist) Anastasia (flourished c 1400, Paris) was a French illuminator of manuscripts, apparently specializing in the elaborate decorative borders that were increasingly fashionable, and landscape backgrounds. By her day most manuscripts were produced in commercial workshops, and many artists were women, probably especially those specializing in borders, which were often produced by a different artist from the main miniature image. The School of Paris was still the leading centre of illumination at this period, and Parisian works were widely distributed across Europe.

neg: Sulayman Hafez Sulayman Hafez was an Egyptian lawyer and politician. Hafez drafted the abdication letter of King Farouk and negotiated his stepping down following the Egyptian Revolution of 1952.

neg: Cedid Atlas Cedid Atlas (or "Atlas-ı Cedid") is the first translation of the atlas in the Muslim world, printed and published in 1803 in Istanbul, then the capital of the Ottoman Empire. The full title name of the atlas reads as Cedid Atlas Tercümesi (meaning, literally, ""A Translation of a New Atlas"") and in most libraries outside Turkey, it is recorded and referenced accordingly.

neg: Christophe Annedouche Christophe Annedouche (28 June 1803 – 10 June 1866) was a French engraver from Paris. He is known for his natural history illustrations in works such as Georges Cuvier's "Le Règne Animal".

neg: Treaty of Tafna The Treaty of Tafna was signed by both Abd-el-Kader and General Thomas Robert Bugeaud on 30 May 1837. This agreement was developed after French imperial forces sustained heavy losses and military reversals in Algeria. The terms of the treaty entailed Abd-el-Kader recognizing French imperial sovereignty in Africa. However, the price France had to pay for acquiring recognition entailed its secession of approximately two-thirds of Algeria to Abd-el-Kader (i.e. the provinces of Oran, Koléa, Médéa, Tlemcen and Algiers). As a result of the treaty, France was only able to maintain a few ports.

neg: National Workshops National Workshops (French: "Ateliers Nationaux" ) refer to areas of work provided for the unemployed by the French Second Republic after the Revolution of 1848. The political crisis which resulted in the abdication of Louis Philippe caused an acute industrial crisis adding to the general agricultural and commercial distress which had prevailed throughout 1847. It rendered the problem of unemployment in Paris very acute. The provisional government under the influence of one of its members, Louis Blanc passed a decree (25 February 1848) guaranteeing government-funded jobs. The following is an extract: "The provisional government of the French Republic undertakes to guarantee the existence of the workmen by work. It undertakes to guarantee work for every citizen."

neg: Muhammad Sa'id al-'Ashmawi Muhammad Sa'id al-'Ashmawi (Arabic: محمد سعيد العشماوى  , ] ; 1932 – 7 November 2013) was an Egyptian Supreme Court justice and former head of the Court of State Security. He was a specialist in comparative and Islamic law at Cairo University, described as "one of the most influential liberal Islamic thinkers today."

neg: Antoine Dubois Baron Antoine Dubois (19 June 1756 – 30 March 1837) was a French surgeon born in Gramat, department of Lot. As the consultant-surgeon, and head of maternity services to Napoleon and his wife the Empress Marie Louise of Austria, Dubois delivered their son and successor to the throne, Napoleon II. In 1798, he served as chief surgeon to the French Campaign of Egypt, He was the father of obstetrician Paul Antoine Dubois (1795–1871).

neg: Georges Abi-Saab Georges Michel Abi-Saab (born June 9, 1933) is an Egyptian lawyer, professor of international law, and an international judge.

neg: Revolt of Cairo The Revolt of Cairo occurred on 21–22 October 1798 against the French occupation of Egypt led by Napoleon Bonaparte.

neg: Bible of St Louis The Bible of St Louis, also called the Rich Bible of Toledo or simply the Toledo Bible, is a "Bible moralisée" in three volumes, made between 1226 and 1234 for King Louis IX of France (b. 1214) at the request of his mother Blanche of Castile. It is an illuminated manuscript that contains selections of the text of the Bible, along with a commentary and illustrations. Each page pairs Old and New Testament episodes with illustrations explaining their moral significance in terms of typology. Every excerpt of the Bible is illustrated with two miniatures. The first shows a representation of the text fragment as such, the second shows a theological or an allegorical scene explaining the text fragment in the light of the teachings of the Church. The miniatures are accompanied by the Bible text and by a short comment on the typological relationship between the two images.

neg: Modern Sciences and Arts University October University of Modern Sciences and Arts (Arabic: جامعة أكتوبر للعلوم الحديثة والآداب  ) is located in Cairo, Egypt. It was founded in 1996 by Dr. Nawal El-Degwi, a pioneer of the Egyptian private education, The university is accredited by the Egyptian and British Ministry of Education and A graduate student can study in Britain without any equivalence.

neg: Antoine Gallimard Antoine Gallimard (born 19 April 1947 in Paris, is a French publisher and company boss, president of éditions Gallimard and .

neg: Imperial Firman of 27 May 1866 The Imperial Firman Relative to Hereditary Succession was a "firman" (i.e., decree) issued by the Sultan of the Ottoman Empire Abdülaziz on 27 May 1866 at the request of Isma'il Pasha, the "wāli" (i.e. governor) of Egypt, which was then an Ottoman province. The "firman" changed the rule of succession in Egypt from one based on agnatic seniority to one based on male primogeniture in the direct line of Isma'il Pasha. The full text of the "firman" read as follows:

neg: Jean Chardin Jean Chardin (16 November 1643 – 5 January 1713), born Jean-Baptiste Chardin, and also known as Sir John Chardin, was a French jeweller and traveller whose ten-volume book "The Travels of Sir John Chardin" is regarded as one of the finest works of early Western scholarship on Persia and the Near East in general.

neg: Nasr City Nasr City (Arabic: مدينة نصر    ] ) is a district of Cairo, Egypt. It is located to the east of the Cairo Governorate and consists mostly of condominia. It was established in the 1960s as an extension to neighboring settlement of Heliopolis. The establishment of the district was part of the Egyptian Government's plan to modernise and expand Cairo following the Egyptian Revolution of 1952. Gamal Abdel Nasser, the Egyptian President at the time, was involved personally in the design process, and was the one who chose the name Nasr for the new district (""nasr"" being the Arabic word for "victory"). During the early stages of the project it was envisioned that it would constitute a new capital city. Now, Nasr City is extremely crowded, much more than was expected from the creation of the district, because of Egyptian families relocating to the district and also because of Somali and Sudanese immigration to areas of Nasr City such as Hay El Asher (10th Neighbourhood).

neg: Decree of Muharram The Decree, or Firman, of Muharram can refer to a number of decrees or firmans issued by the Ottoman Empire in the Islamic month of Muharram. The most important of which, both issued by ‘Abdu’l-Hamid II during the decline of the Ottoman Empire, are:

neg: Adly Mansour Adly Mahmoud Mansour (Arabic: عدلى محمود منصور    ] ; born 23 December 1945) is an Egyptian judge and politician who is the President (or Chief Justice) of the Supreme Constitutional Court of Egypt. He also served as the acting President of Egypt from 4 July 2013 to 8 June 2014 following the 2013 Egyptian coup d'état by the military which deposed President Mohamed Morsi. Several secular and religious figures, such as the Grand Imam of al-Azhar (Ahmed el-Tayeb), the Coptic Pope (Tawadros II), and Mohamed ElBaradei supported the coup against President Morsi and the military appointed Mansour interim-president until an election could take place. Morsi refused to acknowledge his removal as valid and continued to maintain that only he could be considered the legitimate President of Egypt. Mansour was sworn into office in front of the Supreme Constitutional Court on 4 July 2013.

neg: Fontaine du Fellah The Fontaine du Fellah, also known as the Egyptian Fountain, located at 52 rue de Sèvres in the 7th arrondissement of Paris, next to the entrance of the Vaneau metro station, was built in 1806 during the rule of Napoleon Bonaparte, in the neo-Egyptian style inspired by Napoleon's Egyptian campaign. It is the work of architect François-Jean Bralle and sculptor Pierre-Nicolas Beauvallet.


query: Which Bristol trip hop group did Paul Oakenfold do a remix for ?

pos: Paul Oakenfold Paul Mark Oakenfold (born 30 August 1963) is an English record producer and trance DJ. He is a two time Grammy Award and two time World Music Awards nominee. He was voted the No. 1 DJ in the World twice in 1998 and 1999 by DJ Magazine. Paul has provided over 100 remixes for over 100 artists including U2, Moby, Madonna, Massive Attack, New Order, The Rolling Stones, The Stone Roses etc.

pos: Massive Attack Massive Attack are an English trip hop group formed in 1988 in Bristol, consisting of Robert "3D" Del Naja, Grant "Daddy G" Marshall and formerly Andy "Mushroom" Vowles ("Mush"). Their debut album "Blue Lines" was released in 1991, with the single "Unfinished Sympathy" reaching the charts and later being voted the 63rd greatest song of all time in a poll by "NME". 1998's "Mezzanine", containing "Teardrop", and 2003's "100th Window" charted in the UK at number one. Both "Blue Lines" and "Mezzanine" feature in "Rolling Stone"' s list of the 500 Greatest Albums of All Time.

neg: Goa Mix Goa Mix, also known as The Goa Mix, is a two-hour DJ mix by British musician and DJ Paul Oakenfold. It was originally broadcast on BBC Radio 1 as an "Essential Mix" on 18 December 1994 after the producer of the show, Eddie Gordon, chose Oakenfold to produce an eclectic DJ mix for the show which featured a burgeoning variation of electronic styles, having begun the previous year. Oakenfold had, at this point, developed his own unique goa trance sound, influenced by his time at hippy gatherings on beaches in Goa, and employed it heavily into the mix, which also made pioneering use of film score samples. Oakenfold used the mix an experiment in which he tried to fuse electronic music, especially trance music, as well as film score music, and then to overlay the result with vocal parts, samples and additional production. The mix was split into two parts, later referred to as the "Silver Mix" and the "Gold Mix" respectively. Reflecting the Goa influence, the album title did not evolve beyond its simplistic working name.

neg: Intenso Project Intenso Project are an English electronic music group featuring Ben Ofoedu, DJ Rods, and Leigh Guest (from Double Trouble). On the UK Singles Chart, the band had a #22 hit with "Luv Da Sunshine", a #32 hit with "Your Music" featuring Laura Jaye, and a #23 hit with "Get It On" featuring Lisa Scott-Lee.

neg: Drum Club Drum Club was a 1990s electronic music duo of former promoters and DJs Charlie Hall and Lol Hammond. They released several albums and singles on record labels such as Big Life and Butterfly Records. Their 1993 single "Sound System" reached #63 on the UK Singles Chart. They have remixed artists such as Psychick Warriors Ov Gaia, Chapterhouse, Killing Joke, Transglobal Underground & Invaders Of The Heart and have been remixed by artists including Hardkiss, Underworld, Youth & Orbital.

neg: Global Underground 007: New York Global Underground 007: Paul Oakenfold, New York is a DJ mix album in the Global Underground series, compiled and mixed by Paul Oakenfold. The mix is a retrospective look at a set played at Twilo in New York City.

neg: Wax Motif Danny Chien (born 20 November) better known by his stage name Wax Motif, is an Australian DJ and producer based in Los Angeles, United States.

neg: Warp 9 Warp 9, a science fiction themed electro-funk and hip hop trio, best known for their influential singles "Nunk," "Light Years Away," and "Beat Wave," ranks among the most iconic groups of the electro hip hop era. Described as the "perfect instance of hip hop's contemporary ramifications," Warp 9 was the brainchild of writer-producers Lotti Golden and Richard Scher. The duo wrote and recorded under the moniker Warp 9, a production project at the forefront of the electro movement. Warp 9 evolved from a studio concept into a band when Prism Records expressed interest in releasing Nunk as a single. Golden & Scher invited drummer Chuck Wansley and percussionist Boe Brown to perform the male vocals and rhymes. Later, a female vocalist was added to the group; Ada Dyre performed vocals and rhymes for Warp 9's second single, "Light Years Away." The group released two albums, "It's a Beat Wave" (1983), (Island Records), a street themed testament exploring the topics of science fiction, hip hop and mixing, and "Fade In, Fade Out" (Motown), (1986), a soul R&B oriented montage. Warp 9's image is best described on the cover of their 12" single "Light Years Away," with Milton (Boe) Brown (Warp 9's lead singer), Chuck Wansley and session singer Ada Dyer in their trademark sci-fi space suits.

neg: The Odyssey Mixtape The Odyssey Mixtape is the first mixtape album by dancehall artist Sean Paul, released four months after his fourth studio album, Imperial Blaze. It is entirely self-produced by Paul. The image used for the album cover is a slightly modified reversed version of the one on the back of the Imperial Blaze album.

neg: Roll Deep Roll Deep (formerly Roll Deep Entourage) are an English grime crew. They were founded in 2002 by Wiley following the disbandment of UK garage crew, Pay As U Go Cartel. The crew distributed a number of mixtapes and vinyl singles independently before being signed to a major label and releasing their debut album "In at the Deep End" in June 2005. Four singles were released from the album: "Heat Up", "The Avenue", "When I'm 'Ere" and "Shake a Leg". They won an Urban Music Award

neg: The Four Owls The Four Owls are a British hip hop group established in 2011. Currently formed of record label High Focus founder Fliptrix, Verb T, BVA and Leaf Dog, they are regarded as a driving force of the United Kingdom's hip hop underground. The group released their debut studio album "Nature's Greatest Mystery" in 2011 and their second studio album "Natural Order" in 2015. The latter contains the track 'Think Twice', produced by DJ Premier.

neg: Ghost Town DJ's Ghost Town DJ's (often stylized as Ghosttown DJs) is an American hip-hop group from Atlanta, Georgia whose members consist of DJ Demp, Rodney Terry, Greg Street, Virgo Williams and Kamren Davis, which recorded the 1996 hit single, "My Boo". The song was influenced by Miami bass and was a big hit on Miami's Y100 and Power 96. In early 2016, the song became a viral meme called the "Running Man Challenge", which first emerged on Vine.

neg: The Itals The Itals are a Jamaican reggae vocal group formed in 1976 by Alvin "Keith" Porter, Lloyd Ricketts, and Ronnie Davis (currently a member of The Tennors), all of whom had previously also recorded as solo artists. All three had worked together in the late 1960s in The Westmorelites. The group recorded several albums through the late 1970s and 1980s, with Ronnie Davis going on to a successful solo career in 1997 as Ronnie Davis and Idren. The Itals' debut single, "In A Dis Ya Time", is regarded as the group's finest work, and topped the Jamaican chart. 1987's "Rasta Philosophy" was nominated for a Grammy Award as Best Reggae Album. The line-up has changed over the years, with former solo artist David Isaacs joining in 1987 when Ricketts was sentenced to a prison term, preventing him from travelling to the United States. Davis left the group in 1994, and was replaced by Porter's daughter Kada. The Itals continued to tour in 2009 in support of the newly released "Let Them Talk". In 2011 original member Lloyd Ricketts was able to obtain a work permit and performed two shows with Keith and Ronnie before his death. Ronnie Davis stepped away from The Itals again in 2012 and reunited with the Rocksteady group The Tennors, but Keith continues to tour with two of his children, Darien Porter and Kada Porter, providing harmonies. Keith will be releasing "Mind Over Matter", the remastered compilation of 22 early Itals songs and a solo album of reggae covers of classic R&B songs, called "Let's Get it On" in July 2015.

neg: London Posse London Posse was an early and influential English rap group in the English rap scene. According to The Daily Telegraph they "finally gave British rap an identity of its own."

neg: Scratch Perverts The Scratch Perverts are a collective of turntablist DJs from London, formed in 1996 by Tony Vegas, Prime Cuts and DJ Renegade.

neg: Over (Portishead song) "Over" is the second single of the album "Portishead" by the trip hop trio of the same name. It was #25 in the UK Charts at the time of its release. It has been used in numerous TV shows and movies.

neg: Perfecto Fluoro Perfecto Fluoro is the fifth DJ mix album by British electronic producer and disc jockey Paul Oakenfold, released in 1996 on Oakenfold's label Perfecto Records, then a subsidiary of Warner Music UK who are also credited. Recorded eighteen months after the Oakenfold's ground breaking "Goa Mix" (1994), notable for its pioneering of goa trance and usage of film music, "Perfecto Fluoro" utilizes the same "epic" approach and feel, with liberal use of excerpts from film soundtracks, which is referred to in the album's liner notes track listing which lists not only track, artist and label, but also which film a song appears in, where relevant. There are also several excerpts of film dialogue sampled on some of the tracks; for instance, "Teleport" by Man with No Name contains some of Jeff Goldblum's dialogue extolling the virtues of teleportation from "The Fly".

neg: Stereo MCs Stereo MCs are a British hip hop/electronic dance group which formed in Clapham, London, in 1985. They had a transatlantic Top 20 with their single "Connected". After releasing eight albums for Island Records, K7, Graffiti Recordings, and Pias, they formed the label Connected with Terranova to release their own material and that of other artists within the house/techno/electronic medium.

neg: Cartouche (group) Cartouche was a Belgian Eurodance group whose biggest dance hit from 1991 was "Feel the Groove", which peaked at number 13 in 1991 on the French Singles Chart. The members consisted of Myrelle Tholen and Jean-Paul Visser. The group only released one album, "House Music All Night Long" in 1991. The group also sang "Miracles", "Shame" and "Touch the Sky" (in 1994) which were all composed and produced by Serge Ramaekers.

neg: Creamfields (2004 album) Creamfields is the fifteenth DJ mix album by British electronic producer and disc jockey Paul Oakenfold, released in 2004. The double album was inspired by the annual Creamfields festival which at the time took place at the "Old Liverpool Airfield" organised by the Cream brand where Oakenfold had often performed. The album was released to commemorate Oakenfold's performance at the sixth annual Creamfields festival which took place several weeks after the album's release on 28 August 2004. Oakenfold performance at the festival was headlining the Cream/Goodgreef and Mixmag Arena. "Creamfields" was also the third in a series of mix albums of the same name commemorating the festival, with previous albums by different DJs being released in 2000 and 2001, with both releases carrying the same name. Oakenfold's "Creamfields" was considered a relaunch of the series

neg: Instinct (Mandalay album) Instinct is the second full-length studio album by English trip hop duo Mandalay, released in 2000 through V2 Records. Two singles were released to help promote the album: "Deep Love" and "Not Seventeen".

neg: S'Express S'Express (pronounced "ess-express"; sometimes spelled S'Xpress or S-Express; otherwise known as Victim of the Ghetto) were a British dance music act from the late 1980s, who had one of the earliest commercial successes in the acid house genre.


query: Which is a genus of vine, Epithelantha or Hardenbergia?

pos: Epithelantha Epithelantha (button cactus) is a genus of cactus that is native to northeastern Mexico, and in an area from western Texas to Arizona. "Epithelantha" has two species, "Epithelantha micromeris" and "Epithelantha bokei". The name "Epithelantha" refers to the flower position near the apex of the tubercles.

pos: Hardenbergia Hardenbergia is a small genus of leguminous vines from Australia.

neg: Dioscoreophyllum volkensii Dioscoreophyllum volkensii (Serendipity berry) is a tropical dioecious rainforest vine in the family Menispermaceae. It is native throughout most of tropical Africa from Sierra Leone east to Eritrea, and south to Angola and Mozambique. It grows at low altitudes, from sea level up to 400 m. Some authors separate plants from above 200 m as a separate species "D. cumminsii" (Stapf) Diels.

neg: Anredera Anredera is a genus of plants native to Latin America, the West Indies, Texas, and Florida. Some are naturalized in other regions (notably Mediterranean region and on various oceanic islands). Most of them evergreen vines of dry scrubland and thickets. Members of the genus are commonly known as Madeira vines. At least one species, "A. cordifolia" bears edible roots or tubers and leaves similar to those of "Basella alba".

neg: Solanum seaforthianum Solanum seaforthianum, the Brazilian nightshade, is a flowering evergreen vine of the Solanaceae family native to tropical South America. As a member of the Solanum genus, it is related to such plants as the tomato and potato. It is characterized by clusters of four to seven leaves and can climb to a height of 6 m given enough room. It blooms in the mid to late summer with clusters of star-shaped purple inflorescence followed by scarlet marble-sized berries. The plant is highly heat resistant, but cannot tolerate frost conditions. The plant contains modest amounts of various tropane alkaloids such as atropine, scopolamine and hyoscyamine and should be considered mildly toxic and inedible.

neg: Guzmania megastachya "Guzmania megastachya" is a species of plant in the genus "Guzmania". It is an epiphyte and is a part of the Bromeliaceae family.

neg: Guzmania Guzmania (tufted airplant) is a genus of over 120 species of flowering plants in the botanical family Bromeliaceae, subfamily Tillandsioideae. They are mainly stemless, evergreen, epiphytic perennials native to Florida, the West Indies, southern Mexico, Central America, and northern and western South America. They are found at altitudes of up to 3500 m in the Andean rainforests.

neg: Croton sylvaticus Croton sylvaticus is a tree in the Euphorbiaceae family. It is commonly known as the forest fever-berry. These trees are distributed in forests from the east coast of South Africa to Tropical Africa. It grows 7-13 m in height, occasionally up to 30 m, in moist forests, thickets and forest edges at altitudes of 350-1800 m.

neg: Mandevilla Mandevilla is a genus of tropical and subtropical flowering vines belonging to the dogbane family, Apocynaceae. It was first described as a genus in 1840. A common name is rocktrumpet.

neg: Brugmansia Brugmansia is a genus of seven species of flowering plants in the family Solanaceae. They are woody trees or shrubs, with pendulous flowers, and have no spines on their fruit. Their large, fragrant flowers give them their common name of angel's trumpets, a name sometimes used for the closely related genus "Datura". (Datura differs from Brugmansia in that they are herbaceous bushes, with erect rather than pendulous flowers - and most have spines on their fruit).

neg: Cephalaralia Cephalaralia cephalobotrys is a species of epiphytic vine of the family Araliaceae, endemic to Australia. It is the only member of genus Cephalaralia.

neg: Aristotelia australasica Aristotelia australasica (mountain wineberry) is a shrub in the family Elaeocarpaceae. It grows in or near cool rainforest areas in northern New South Wales, Australia.

neg: Epidendrum ruizianum Epidendrum ruizianum is an epiphytic reed-stemmed "Epidendrum" of the orchid family native to the cloud forests of Bolivia (including Cochabamba and La Paz), Colombia, Ecuador, Peru, and Venezuela, at altitudes of 2-3 km.

neg: Billbergia 'Rosea' 'Rosea' is a hybrid cultivar of the genus "Billbergia" in the Bromeliad family.

neg: Georgenthalia Georgenthalia is an extinct genus of dissorophoid temnospondyl from the Lower Permian. It is an amphibamid which lived in what is now the Thuringian Forest of central Germany. It is known from the holotype MNG 11135, a small, complete skull. It was found in the Bromacker locality of the Tambach Formation. It was first named by Jason S. Anderson, Amy C. Henrici, Stuart S. Sumida, Thomas Martens and David S. Berman in 2008 and the type species is "Georgenthalia clavinasica".

neg: Billbergia kuhlmannii Billbergia kuhlmannii is a species in the genus "Billbergia". It is an epiphyte native to Brazil and Bolivia.

neg: Dianthus japonicus Dianthus japonicus, known as seashore pink, is a species of herbaceous perennial plant in the genus "Dianthus".

neg: Epilobium densiflorum Epilobium densiflorum is a species of willowherb known by the common names denseflower willowherb, dense spike-primrose or dense boisduvalia. It is native to western North America from British Columbia to Baja California, where it is found in a variety of habitats. This is an erect annual often exceeding a meter in height with fuzzy green foliage. The pointed leaves are up to 8 centimeters long near the base of the plant, and the upper leaves are generally more hairy than the lower. The stem may branch or not. The top of the stem is occupied by a hairy, leafy, densely flowered inflorescence. Each flower has four deeply notched petals in shades of pinkish purple to nearly white with dark veining, each about a centimeter long. The fruit is a cylindrical capsule about a centimeter long.

neg: Eschweilera roraimensis Eschweilera roraimensis is a species of woody plant in the Lecythidaceae family.

neg: Hardenbergia violacea Hardenbergia violacea syn. "H. monophylla" is a species of flowering plant in the pea family Fabaceae, native to Australia from Queensland to Tasmania. It is known in Australia by the common names false sarsaparilla, purple coral pea, happy wanderer, native lilac and waraburra (which comes from the Kattang language). Elsewhere it is also called vine lilac or lilac vine.

neg: Stonebergia Stonebergia is an extinct genus in the rose family Rosaceae which contains the single species Stonebergia columbiana. The genus was described from a series of isolated fossil leaves in shale from an early Eocene location in southern British Columbia.

neg: Emmeorhiza Emmeorhiza is a monotypic genus of flowering plants in the Rubiaceae family. The genus contains only one species, viz. "Emmeorhiza umbellata", which is found from northern Trinidad to tropical South America.


query: What is the middle name of the actor who plays Blade Runner 2049 character Sapper Morton ?

pos: 2048: Nowhere to Run 2048: Nowhere to Run (known in Chinese and Taiwanese territories as 2048: No Escape or 2048: Nowhere to Escape; alteratively known as Blade Runner 2048) is a 2017 American neo-noir science fiction short film acting as a prequel to the feature film "Blade Runner 2049" and the sequel to short film ""; it was released on August 30, 2017, less than one month before the release of the feature film, and features Dave Bautista as "Blade Runner 2049" character Sapper Morton, alongside Orion Ben. The film was written by Hampton Fancher and Michael Green, who also wrote the feature film, and directed by Luke Scott, whose father Ridley Scott directed the original "Blade Runner" and is executive producer on the sequel "Blade Runner 2049".

pos: Dave Bautista David Michael Bautista Jr. (born January 18, 1969) is an American actor, semi-retired professional wrestler, former mixed martial artist, and bodybuilder.

neg: Glenn Plummer Glenn E. Plummer (born August 18, 1961) is an American film and television actor.

neg: William Sanderson William Sanderson (born January 10, 1944) is an American character actor famous for his roles in "Blade Runner", "Deadwood", "True Blood", and as a cast member in the long-running, 1980s television series "Newhart".

neg: Randolph Powell Randolph "Randy" Powell (born April 14, 1950) is an American actor, best known for his roles on television. He was a leading cast member of the science fiction series "Logan's Run" and played Alan Beam in the soap opera "Dallas".

neg: Orion Ben Orion Ben (Hebrew: אוריאן בן  ) is a British and Israeli actress best known for portraying Varde in the BBC Four series "Detectorists" and her appearances in the second "Blade Runner 2049" prequel short film "" and "Call the Midwife".

neg: James Parks (actor) James Jean Parks (born November 16, 1968) is an American actor.

neg: M. C. Gainey Michael Connor "M. C." Gainey (born January 18, 1948) is an American actor whose distinctive mustache, 6'2" height, and threatening look have landed him supporting roles as Southern or Southwestern thugs and criminals. He is known for playing a major role in the 1997 "Con Air" action movie.

neg: Howard Morton Howard Leroy Morton (May 15, 1925 – May 11, 1997) was an American actor.

neg: Dax Shepard Dax Randall Shepard (born January 2, 1975) is an American actor, writer and director. He is best known for his work in the feature films "Without a Paddle" (2004), "" (2005), "Employee of the Month" (2006), "Idiocracy" (2006), "Let's Go to Prison" (2006), "Hit and Run" (2012), and "CHiPs" (2017), the last pair of which he also wrote and directed, and the MTV practical joke reality series "Punk'd" (2003). He portrayed Crosby Braverman in the NBC comedy-drama series "Parenthood" from 2010 to 2015.

neg: Sam Rockwell Sam Rockwell (born November 5, 1968) is an American actor known for independent and mainstream films.

neg: Larry B. Scott Larry B. Scott (born August 17, 1965) is an American actor.

neg: Scott MacDonald (actor) Scott MacDonald (born September 29 1959) is an American actor. He is best known for his recurring roles as Captain Manning on short-lived series Threshold, Burley from HBO series "Carnivàle", and as from "", and as the title character from 1997 horror film "Jack Frost", and Officer Gerard of Dexter.

neg: Jake Cherry Jacob "Jake" Cherry (born September 15, 1996) is an American actor.

neg: Kirk Cameron Kirk Thomas Cameron (born October 12, 1970) is an American actor. He is known for his role as Mike Seaver on the ABC sitcom "Growing Pains" (1985–92), a role for which he was nominated for two Golden Globe Awards.

neg: Blaine Hogan Blaine Hogan (born January 29, 1980) is an American actor.

neg: Scott Shaw Scott Shaw (born September 23, 1958) is an American actor, author, film director, film producer, journalist, martial artist, musician, photographer, and professor.

neg: 2036: Nexus Dawn 2036: Nexus Dawn (known in Chinese and Taiwanese territories as 2036: Clone Era, 2036: Chain Dawn, or 2036: Copy of the Times; alteratively known as Blade Runner 2036) is a 2017 American neo-noir science fiction short film acting as a prequel to the feature film "Blade Runner 2049"; it was released on August 30, 2017, less than two months before the release of the feature film, and features Jared Leto as "Blade Runner 2049" character Niander Wallace, alongside Benedict Wong. The film was written by Hampton Fancher and Michael Green, who also wrote the feature film, and directed by Luke Scott, whose father Ridley Scott directed the original "Blade Runner" and is executive producer on the sequel "Blade Runner 2049".

neg: Cotter Smith Cotter Smith (born May 29, 1949) is an American stage, film, and television actor.

neg: Guru Singh Gurpreet "Guru" Singh (born March 21, 1980) is an American actor.

neg: Courtland Mead Courtland Robert Mead (born April 19, 1987) is an American actor.

neg: David Richardson (actor) David Richardson (born 20 March 1987 in Perth, Western Australia) is an Australian television actor.


query: Which rivalry were involved in the chant referring to the United Kingdom's Victories of the First and Second World War?

pos: Two World Wars and One World Cup "Two World Wars and One World Cup" is a football song sung by supporters of the England national football team to the tune of "Camptown Races" as part of the England–Germany football rivalry. The chant refers to the United Kingdom's victories in the First and Second World Wars, and England's 4-2 victory against West Germany after extra time in the final game of the 1966 FIFA World Cup. The chant has also spawned similar chants such as "Stand up if you won the war".

pos: 1966 FIFA World Cup Final The 1966 FIFA World Cup Final was the final match in the 1966 FIFA World Cup, the eighth football World Cup and one of the most controversial finals ever. The match was played by England and West Germany on 30 July 1966 at Wembley Stadium in London, and had an attendance of 96,924. The British television audience peaked at 32.30 million viewers, making the final the most watched television event ever in the United Kingdom.

neg: Coronation Cup (football) The Coronation Cup was a one-off football tournament to celebrate the Coronation of Queen Elizabeth II, between four English and four Scottish clubs, held in Glasgow in May 1953. This tournament, like the Empire Exhibition Trophy, was held in very high regard by football clubs, as at the time it allowed teams to test themselves against teams from another country in the days before European football.

neg: 1872 FA Cup Final The 1872 FA Cup Final was a football match between Wanderers and Royal Engineers on 16 March 1872 at Kennington Oval in London. It was the final of the first staging of the Football Association Challenge Cup (known in the modern era as the FA Cup), which became the primary cup competition in English football and the oldest football competition in the world. Fifteen teams entered the competition in its first season and, due to the rules in place at the time, Wanderers reached the final having won only one match in the four preceding rounds. In the semi-finals, they drew with the Scottish club Queen's Park, but reached the final when the Scots withdrew from the competition as they could not afford to return to London for a replay.

neg: 1981 Football League Cup Final The 1981 Football League Cup Final was a football match between Liverpool and West Ham United on 14 March 1981 at Wembley Stadium, London. It was the final match of the 1980–81 Football League Cup, the 21st staging of the Football League Cup, a competition for the 92 teams in The Football League. Both teams were appearing in their second final, and had both lost their first finals in 1966 and 1978 respectively.

neg: 1919–20 British Home Championship The 1919-20 British Home Championship was an international football tournament played during the 1919–20 season between the British Home Nations. Wales eventually took the trophy as the first of three victories they claimed during the 1920s, their last undisputed triumphs. The competition marked an important watershed in British football as part of the first full season played following the First World War, which had killed, wounded or retired many prominent players of the 1914 competition.

neg: Wembley Wizards The Wembley Wizards is a nickname for the Scotland national football team who defeated England 5–1 at Wembley in the 1928 British Home Championship.

neg: Heart of Midlothian F.C. and World War I Between August and November 1914, sixteen Heart of Midlothian Football Club players enlisted to fight in World War I. In doing so, they became the first British team to sign up en masse. The majority joined the 16th (Service) Battalion of the Royal Scots, otherwise known as McCrae's Battalion. On the first day of the Battle of the Somme in 1916, the British Army lost nearly 20,000 men, including three of Hearts footballers who had signed up. The war ended up claiming the lives of seven of the Hearts players who had enlisted, with several others returning so severely wounded they were unable to play football again.

neg: Football World Championship The Football World Championship was a friendly game between the English and Scottish champions in the late 19th and early 20th century.

neg: Oggy Oggy Oggy The Oggy Oggy Oggy chant (alternatively spelt Oggie Oggie Oggie), and its variations, are often heard at sporting events, political rallies and around numerous Scout and Guide campfires, primarily in Britain, Ireland and some Commonwealth nations.

neg: God Defend New Zealand "God Defend New Zealand" is one of two national anthems of New Zealand, the other being "God Save the Queen". Legally they have equal status, but "God Defend New Zealand" is more commonly used and is widely (albeit incorrectly) referred to as "the national anthem". Originally written as a poem, it was set to music as part of a competition in 1876. Over the years its popularity increased, and it was eventually named the second national anthem in 1977. The anthem has English and Māori lyrics, with slightly different meanings. When performed in public, the usual practice is to sing the first verse in both Māori and English.

neg: Norwood–Port Adelaide rivalry The Norwood–Port Adelaide rivalry is Australian rules football's oldest and one of its most intense rivalries. It is contested between the Norwood Football Club and the Port Adelaide Football Club. Together Port Adelaide (36) and Norwood (30) have won 66 South Australian National Football League (SANFL) premierships since the founding of the competition in 1878. As the SANFL competition has been suspended due to war, only 132 seasons have been played, therefore together Norwood and Port Adelaide have won exactly half of all SANFL premierships awarded. The two clubs have met in finals 50 times with 17 of those grand finals including 2 war-time grand finals.

neg: Battle of Britain (disambiguation) The Battle of Britain was a Second World War campaign in which the German Luftwaffe and British Royal Air Force fought for air superiority.

neg: 1920–21 British Home Championship The 1920-21 British Home Championship was a football tournament played between the British Home Nations during the 1920–21 season. The second tournament played since the hiatus of the First World War, the 1921 competition was dominated by Scotland, who won the first of seven championships they would claim throughout the decade. England and reigning champions Wales came joint second as goal difference was not at this stage used to separate teams.

neg: Memorial Grounds Memorial Grounds was the home stadium of east London football club Thames Ironworks from the beginning of the 1897-98 season, until the end of the 1899-1900 season. The team continued to play at the stadium, under its new name of West Ham United, until they moved to the Boleyn Ground in 1904. The Memorial Grounds stadium was situated at the east end of Memorial Avenue, Plaistow, close to where West Ham station now stands. The faint outline of the cycle track is visible on aerial photographs.

neg: Roses rivalry The term "Roses rivalry" can refer to sporting rivalries between teams from the English counties of Lancashire and Yorkshire. The name of the rivalry is derived from the historic Wars of the Roses which was carried out between the House of Lancaster and the House of York. The term has been used to describe:

neg: Germany–Netherlands football rivalry The Germany–Netherlands football rivalry is one of the few longstanding football rivalries at a national level. Beginning in 1974 when the Dutch lost the 1974 FIFA World Cup to West Germany in the final (though deeply rooted in Dutch anti-German sentiment due to the German occupation of the Netherlands during World War II) the rivalry between the two nations has become one of the best known international football rivalries in the world.

neg: Football in the United Kingdom Association football is organised on a separate basis in each of the four constituent countries that make up the United Kingdom (UK), with each having a national football association responsible for the overall management of football within their respective country. There is no United Kingdom national football team. Football has been the most popular sport in the UK since the 1860s. Rugby union, rugby league and cricket are other popular sports.

neg: 1915 FA Cup Final The 1915 FA Cup Final took place on 24 April 1915 and was contested by Sheffield United and Chelsea. It was the last FA Cup final to be staged before competitive football was suspended in Britain because of the First World War. The match was moved from its pre-war location of Crystal Palace in south London to Old Trafford in Manchester to avoid disruption to travel in and around London.

neg: Football chant A football chant or terrace chant is a song or chant sung at association football matches. They can be historic, dating back to the formation of the club, adaptations of popular songs, plagiarised, a mock of the originals, spontaneous reactions to events on the pitch. They are one of the last remaining sources of an oral folk song tradition in the United Kingdom. Traditions vary from country to country and team to team, but they are generally used either to encourage the home team or slight the opposition. Not only do fans sing songs to directly slight the opposition they are playing that day; many teams sing songs about their club rivals, even if they are not playing them.

neg: Fight song In American and Canadian sports, a fight song is a song associated with a team. In both professional and amateur sports, fight songs are a popular way for fans to cheer for their team. Fight songs are laden with history; in singing a fight song, fans feel part of a large, time-honored tradition. Although the term "fight song" is primarily used in the United States, the use of fight songs is commonplace around the world, but they may also be referred to as team anthems, team songs or games songs in other countries, even such as Australia, Mexico and New Zealand. Fight songs differ from stadium anthems, used for similar purposes, in that they are usually written specifically for the purposes of the team, whereas stadium anthems are not.

neg: Leeds United (song) "Leeds United" was a single released by the English football team Leeds United in 1972, as the official song for their appearance in the Centenary FA Cup Final. It reached number 10 in the UK Singles Chart. Its B-side was the better known song "Leeds Leeds Leeds", also known as "Marching On Together".


query: Pizzagate conspiracy theory revolved around the Gmail account of what chief of staff?

pos: Pizzagate conspiracy theory Pizzagate is a debunked conspiracy theory that emerged and went viral during the 2016 United States presidential election cycle. In the fall of 2016, the personal e-mail account of John Podesta, Hillary Clinton's campaign manager, was hacked in a spear-phishing attack and his e-mails were made public by WikiLeaks. Proponents of the Pizzagate theory falsely claimed that the e-mails contained coded messages referring to human trafficking and connecting a number of restaurants in the United States and members of the Democratic Party with an alleged child-sex ring. The theory has been extensively discredited by a wide array of organizations, including the District of Columbia Police Department.

pos: Podesta emails In March 2016, the personal Gmail account of John Podesta, a former White House chief of staff and the chairman of Hillary Clinton's 2016 U.S. presidential campaign, was compromised in a data breach, and a collection of his emails, many of which were work-related, were stolen. Cybersecurity researchers as well as the United States government attributed responsibility for the breach, which was accomplished via a spear-phishing attack, to the hacking group Fancy Bear, allegedly affiliated with Russian intelligence services.

neg: Roswell Gilpatric Roswell Leavitt Gilpatric (November 4, 1906 – March 15, 1996) was a prominent New York City corporate attorney and government official who served as Deputy Secretary of Defense from 1961–64, when he played a pivotal role in the high-stake strategies of the Cuban Missile Crisis, advising President John F. Kennedy as well as Robert McNamara and McGeorge Bundy on dealing with the Russian nuclear missile threat. Gilpatric later served as Chairman of the Task Force on Nuclear Proliferation in 1964.

neg: John F. Kelly John Francis Kelly (born May 11, 1950) is the current White House Chief of Staff for U.S. President Donald Trump, previously serving as U.S. Secretary of Homeland Security in the same administration.

neg: Leslie H. Gelb Leslie Howard "Les" Gelb (born March 4, 1937) is a former correspondent and columnist for "The New York Times", a former senior Defense and State Department official, and currently President Emeritus of the Council on Foreign Relations.

neg: Debategate Debategate or briefing-gate was a political scandal affecting the administration of Ronald Reagan; it took place in the final days of the 1980 presidential election. Reagan's team had somehow acquired President Jimmy Carter's briefing papers, classified top secret, that Carter used in preparation for the October 28, 1980 debate with Reagan. The briefing papers were never specified to be vital strategy memos or just routine position papers. This leak of campaign papers was not divulged to the public until late June 1983, after Laurence Barrett published "Gambling With History: Reagan in the White House", an in-depth account of the Reagan administration's first two years.

neg: Donald Rumsfeld Donald Henry "Don" Rumsfeld (born July 9, 1932) is an American retired politician and businessman. Rumsfeld served as the 13th Secretary of Defense from 1975 to 1977 under President Gerald Ford, and as the 21st Secretary of Defense from 2001 to 2006 under President George W. Bush. He is both the youngest and the second oldest person to have served as Secretary of Defense. Additionally, Rumsfeld was a three-term U.S. Congressman from Illinois (1963–1969), Director of the Office of Economic Opportunity (1969–1970), Counsellor to the President (1969–1973), the United States Permanent Representative to NATO (1973–1974), and White House Chief of Staff (1974–1975).

neg: Michael Rochelle Michael D. Rochelle (born 1950) is a retired United States Army lieutenant general, who served as deputy chief of staff, G-1 in the Department of the Army.

neg: Chris Mattei Christopher “Chris” Michael Mattei (born 25 May 1978) is a trial lawyer and former Chief of the Financial Fraud and Public Corruption unit for the United States Attorney’s Office in the District of Connecticut.

neg: Michael Dugan (general) General Michael J. Dugan (born February 22, 1937) was briefly the 13th Chief of Staff of the United States Air Force for 79 days in 1990 until he was dismissed by United States Secretary of Defense Dick Cheney after telling reporters that the U.S. military planned to target Saddam Hussein, his family, and even his mistress in the Gulf War with Iraq. He became the first member of the Joint Chiefs of Staff to be fired since Admiral Louis Denfeld in 1949, and the first top general to be relieved since General MacArthur in 1951.

neg: Huntington D. Sheldon Huntington Denton "Ting" Sheldon (February 14, 1903 – May 19, 1987) served as the Director of the Office of Current Intelligence of the US Central Intelligence Agency from 1951 to 1961, serving under Presidents Truman, Eisenhower, and Kennedy. Sheldon was the second Director of the OCI, and developed it into a major Office. Sheldon briefed all three Presidents; the President's Intelligence Check List, which became the President's Daily Brief, was developed by Richard Lehman under his direction. His first wife was Magda Merck, youngest daughter of George Merck, the founder of Merck & Co. . They were married on April 12, 1928, and had three children, Huntington, Audrey, and Peter. The marriage ended in divorce in November 1936 . He was later the husband of science-fiction writer Alice B. Sheldon (James Tiptree Jr.).

neg: Richard Bagger Richard H. "Rich" Bagger (born March 27, 1960) is an American Republican Party politician from New Jersey, and former State Senator who later served as chief of staff to Governor Chris Christie. He left the Christie administration in early 2012, and is now an Executive Vice President with Celgene. He is a resident of Westfield, New Jersey.

neg: Denis McDonough Denis Richard McDonough (born December 2, 1969) was the 26th White House Chief of Staff, succeeding Jack Lew at the start of President Barack Obama's second term.

neg: Michael Anton Michael Anton (born 1970) is a senior national security official in the Trump administration. He is best known for his pseudonymous essays written during the 2016 Presidential campaign in which he supported Donald Trump and collaborated on the pro-Trump "Journal of American Greatness" blog. Anton was named Deputy Assistant to the President for Strategic Communications on the United States National Security Council. He is a former speechwriter for Rudy Giuliani and George W. Bush's National Security Council, and has worked as director of communications at investment bank Citigroup and as managing director of investing firm BlackRock.

neg: Nannygate "Nannygate" is a popular term for the 1993 revelations that caused two of President Bill Clinton's choices for United States Attorney General to become derailed and culminated in the appointment and confirmation of Janet Reno.

neg: Tim McCarthy Timothy J. McCarthy (born June 20, 1949) is the current Chief of Police of Orland Park, Illinois and a former member of the United States Secret Service. He is best known for defending President Ronald Reagan during the assassination attempt by John Hinckley Jr..

neg: October Surprise conspiracy theory The October Surprise conspiracy theory refers to a plot to influence the outcome of the 1980 United States presidential election, contested between incumbent president Jimmy Carter (D–GA) and his opponent, former California governor Ronald Reagan (R–CA).

neg: George Marshall George Catlett Marshall Jr. (December 31, 1880 – October 16, 1959) was an American statesman and soldier. He was Chief of Staff of the United States Army under presidents Franklin D. Roosevelt and Harry S. Truman, and served as Secretary of State and Secretary of Defense under Truman. He was hailed as the "organizer of victory" by Winston Churchill for his leadership of the Allied victory in World War II.

neg: Larry O'Brien Lawrence Francis O'Brien Jr. (July 7, 1917September 28, 1990) was one of the United States Democratic Party's leading electoral strategists for more than two decades. He served as Postmaster General in the cabinet of President Lyndon Johnson.

neg: Intelgate Intelgate is an ongoing American political scandal, started in late August 2015 with whistleblowers leaking complaints to the press, concerning alleged manipulation of CENTCOM intelligence analysis regarding America's wars in Syria and Iraq.

neg: Ernest "Chick" Tsikerdanos Ernest "Chick" Tsikerdanos (June 2, 1924 – December 8, 1997) was a veteran of OSS, 82nd Airborne. He served in Burma with the OSS Detachment 101. Tsikerdanos had a close relationship with General and Madame Chiang Kai-shek and was held in high esteem by them and other Chinese Nationalist leaders. On the last day of the war, August 9, 1945, Tsikerdanos was wounded in the right eye by a Japanese mortar shell fragment when his battalion of Burmese Kachin irregulars were ambushed while moving across a valley. After leaving the service, Tsikerdanos joined CIA and was assigned to Taiwan where he ran cross-channel reconnaissance and harassment operations into Red China from Nationalist-held islands. He served multiple tours in Greece, and later was entrusted with the difficult assignment of cleaning up the large mess of internal "dirt" files collected over twenty-five years by the paranoid former CIA Chief, James Jesus Angleton, after Angleton's forced retirement. After his own retirement, Tsikerdanos returned to CIA as a Contract Case Officer, working with distinction in the Agency's Counterterrorism Center for several years. He was personally engaged against some of the most dangerous terrorist suspects in Europe. He died on 8 December 1997 at the age of 73, after being diagnosis with cancer.

neg: Memogate (Pakistan) The memogate controversy (also Mullen memo controversy) revolves around a memorandum (addressed to Admiral Mike Mullen) ostensibly seeking help of the Obama administration in the wake of the Osama bin Laden raid to avert a military takeover of the civilian government in Pakistan, as well as assisting in a civilian takeover of the government and military apparatus. The memo was delivered in May 2011; Mansoor Ijaz wrote a "Financial Times" article in October 2011 bringing initial public attention to the affair. The memo, which at first was questioned to even exist, was published in November, leading to the resignation of Ambassador Haqqani and the continuing Pakistani Supreme Court investigation.


query: Hercules, also known as "Herculas" or "Uncle Harkless", was a slave who worked at Mount Vernon, the plantation house of who, the first President of the United States?

pos: Hercules (chef) Hercules – also known as "Herculas" or "Uncle Harkless" – was a slave who worked at Mount Vernon, George Washington's Virginia plantation on the Potomac River. He was the head cook at the mansion in the 1780s, cooking for the Washington family and their guests. In 1790 President Washington brought him to Philadelphia, Pennsylvania (then the temporary national capital) to cook in the kitchen of the President's House. Hercules escaped to freedom from Mount Vernon in 1797, and later was legally manumitted under the terms of Washington's will.

pos: Mount Vernon Mount Vernon was the plantation house of George Washington, the first President of the United States, and his wife, Martha Dandridge Custis Washington. The estate is situated on the banks of the Potomac River in Fairfax County, Virginia, near Alexandria, across from Prince George's County, Maryland. The Washington family had owned land in the area since the time of Washington's great-grandfather in 1674. In 1739 they embarked on an expansion of the estate that continued under George Washington, who came into possession of the estate in 1754, but did not become its sole owner until 1761.

neg: David Humphreys House The General David Humphreys House, located at 37 Elm St., Ansonia, Connecticut, was built from 1695 to 1698 and is the birthplace of the American Revolutionary War Colonel David Humphreys. Humphreys was a friend of and aide de camp to General George Washington and was nominated by President Washington to become the first ambassador of the United States to a foreign country (Portugal). The historic house museum has been restored to a mid 18th century appearance, and serves as the headquarters for the Derby Historical Society.

neg: Columbus Delano Columbus Delano, (June 4, 1809 – October 23, 1896) was a lawyer, rancher, banker, statesman and a member of the prominent Delano family. Delano was elected U.S. Congressman from Ohio, serving two full terms and one partial one. Prior to the American Civil War, Delano was a National Republican and then a Whig; as a Whig he was identified with the faction of the party that opposed the spread of slavery into the Western territories, and he became a Republican when the party was founded as the major anti-slavery party after the demise of the Whigs in the 1850s. During Reconstruction Delano advocated federal protection of African-Americans civil rights, and argued that the former Confederate states should be administered by the federal government, but were not part of the United States until they met the requirements for readmission to the Union. Delano served as President Ulysses S. Grant's Secretary of the Interior during a time of rapid Westward expansionism, and contended with conflicts between Native American tribes and American settlers. He was instrumental in the establishment of America's first national park, supervising the first U.S. federally funded exploratory scientific expedition into Yellowstone in 1871, and becoming America's first national park overseer in 1872. In 1874, Delano requested that Congress protect Yellowstone through creation of a federally funded administrative agency, the first Secretary of the Interior to request such preservation of a nationally important site.

neg: Lincoln Catafalque The Lincoln catafalque is a catafalque hastily constructed in 1865 to support the casket of Abraham Lincoln while the president's body lay in state in the Capitol Rotunda in Washington, D.C. The catafalque has since been used for all those who have lain in state in the Capitol Rotunda, as listed below. When not in use, the catafalque is kept in the United States Capitol Visitor Center in a small vaulted chamber. It was previously kept in an area called Washington's Tomb, which was originally intended, but never used, as the burial place for George Washington, the first President of the United States.

neg: Ambrose Madison Ambrose Madison (January 17, 1696 - August 27, 1732) was a planter and politician in the Piedmont of Virginia. He married Frances Taylor in 1721, daughter of James Taylor, a member of the Knights of the Golden Horseshoe Expedition across the Blue Ridge Mountains from the Tidewater. Through her father, Madison and his brother-in-law Thomas Chew were aided in acquiring 4,675 acres in 1723, in what became Orange County. There he developed his tobacco plantation known as Mount Pleasant (and later as Montpelier.) The Madisons were parents of James Madison Sr. and grandparents of President James Madison.

neg: Abraham Lincoln Abraham Lincoln ( ; February 12, 1809 – April 15, 1865) was an American politician and lawyer who served as the 16th President of the United States from March 1861 until his assassination in April 1865. Lincoln led the United States through its Civil War—its bloodiest war and perhaps its greatest moral, constitutional, and political crisis. In doing so, he preserved the Union, paved the way to the abolition of slavery, strengthened the federal government, and modernized the economy.

neg: James Buchanan Henry James Buchanan Henry (1833-1915) was a lawyer, writer, Secretary to the President of the United States, nephew and ward of James Buchanan. He was the first man to hold this office after it became an official, paid Government post. He held this position for two years.

neg: Benjamin Harrison V Benjamin Harrison V (April 5, 1726April 24, 1791), from Charles City County, Virginia, was an American politician, planter, and merchant, a revolutionary leader and a Founding Father of the United States. He received his higher education at the College of William and Mary. Harrison was a representative to the Virginia House of Burgesses for Surry County, Virginia (1756–1758, 1785–1786), and Charles City County (1766–1776, 1787–1790). He was a Virginia delegate to the Continental Congress from 1774 to 1777 and, during the Second Continental Congress, was a signer of the Declaration of Independence. Harrison served as Virginia's fifth governor from 1781 to 1784. His direct descendants include two U.S. Presidents—his son William Henry Harrison and great-grandson Benjamin Harrison.

neg: First inauguration of George Washington The first inauguration of George Washington as the first President of the United States was held on Thursday, April 30, 1789 on the balcony of Federal Hall in New York City, New York. The inauguration marked the commencement of the first four-year term of George Washington as President. Chancellor of New York Robert Livingston administered the presidential oath of office. With his inauguration, the executive branch of the United States government officially began operations under the new frame of government established by the 1787 Constitution. The first term of John Adams as Vice President commenced on April 21, 1789, when he assumed his duties as presiding officer of the United States Senate.

neg: William Henry Barnum William Henry Barnum (September 17, 1818 – April 30, 1889) was an American politician, serving as a state representative, U.S. Representative, U.S. Senator, and finally as chairman of the Democratic National Committee. He was also known as Seven Mule Barnum.

neg: Andrew Johnson Andrew Johnson (December 29, 1808 July 31, 1875) was the 17th President of the United States, serving from 1865 to 1869. Johnson became president as he was vice president at the time of the assassination of Abraham Lincoln. A Democrat who ran with Lincoln on the National Union ticket, Johnson came to office as the Civil War concluded. The new president favored quick restoration of the seceded states to the Union. His plans did not give protection to the former slaves, and he came into conflict with the Republican-dominated Congress, culminating in his impeachment by the House of Representatives. He was acquitted in the Senate by one vote.

neg: Harry Washington Harry Washington was a one-time West African slave of the future first president of the United States, George Washington. He escaped and served as a corporal in the Black Pioneers attached to a British artillery unit. After the war he emigrated to Nova Scotia where he married Jenny and then migrated to Sierra Leone, West Africa. In 1800 he joined a rebellion, against the British colonial authorities, in the Sierra Leone Colony, and was exiled to the Bullom Shore, where he subsequently died.

neg: Eston Hemings Eston Hemings Jefferson (May 21, 1808 – January 3, 1856) was born a slave at Monticello, the youngest son of Sally Hemings, a mixed-race slave. Most historians who have considered the question believe that his father was Thomas Jefferson, the United States president. Evidence from a 1998 DNA test showed that a descendant of Eston matched the Jefferson male line, and historical evidence also supports the conclusion that Thomas Jefferson was probably Eston's father. Many historians believe that Jefferson had a relationship with Sally Hemings and fathered her six children, four of whom survived to adulthood.

neg: Paul Jennings (slave) Paul Jennings (1799–1874) was a personal servant, as a young slave, to President James Madison during and after his White House years. After buying his freedom in 1845 from Daniel Webster, Jennings is noted for publishing in 1865 the first White House memoir. His book was "A Colored Man's Reminiscences of James Madison", described as "a singular document in the history of slavery and the early American republic."

neg: John Wayles Jefferson John Wayles Jefferson, born John Wayles Hemings (May 8, 1835 – July 12, 1892), was a successful businessman before and after the American Civil War, in which he served in the Union Army and was promoted to the rank of colonel. Jefferson owned a successful hotel in Madison, Wisconsin, in the 1850s; after the Civil War he moved to Memphis, Tennessee, where he achieved wealth as a cotton broker. Jefferson is believed to be a grandson of Thomas Jefferson, third President of the United States; his paternal grandmother was Sarah (Sally) Hemings, the president's mixed-race slave and half-sister to his late wife.

neg: First inauguration of Woodrow Wilson The first inauguration of Woodrow Wilson as the 28th President of the United States was held on Tuesday, March 4, 1913, at the east portico of the United States Capitol in Washington, D.C.. The inauguration marked the commencement of the first four-year term of Woodrow Wilson as President and of Thomas R. Marshall as Vice President. Chief Justice Edward D. White administered the presidential oath of office to Wilson.

neg: John Adams Sr. John Adams Sr. (February 8, 1691 – May 25, 1761) was a British colonial farmer and minister. He was the father of the second U.S. President, John Adams, and grandfather of the sixth President, John Quincy Adams. He was the son of Joseph Adams Jr. (1654-1737), the grandson of Joseph Adams Sr. (1626-1694), and the great-grandson of Henry Adams, who emigrated from Braintree, Essex, in England to Massachusetts Bay Colony in about 1638. He was also descended from John and Priscilla Alden. Adams worked as a farmer and cobbler (also called a cord-wainer or shoemaker) for most of his life.

neg: Gentleman Jim Robinson James Robinson (October 6, 1799 – October 15, 1875), known as Gentleman Jim, was born on the Pittsylvania Plantation of Landon Carter, Jr. to a freewoman by the name of Susan aka "Annah". He first rose to prominence as one of the wealthiest African Americans in the Manassas area, but is also known because his homestead was located between the lines of the Confederate and Union armies during two major battles of the Civil War.

neg: Virginia dynasty The Virginia dynasty is a term sometimes used to describe the fact that four of the first five Presidents of the United States were from Virginia. The term sometimes excludes George Washington, who, though a Virginia planter, was closely aligned with the policies of the Federalist Party, and was succeeded by his Vice President, John Adams of Massachusetts. The first five presidents were, in order, George Washington, John Adams, Thomas Jefferson, James Madison, and James Monroe.

neg: Petticoat affair The Petticoat affair (also known as the Eaton affair) was an 1829–1831 U.S. scandal involving members of President Andrew Jackson's Cabinet and their wives. Led by Floride Calhoun, wife of Vice President John C. Calhoun, these women (the "petticoats") socially ostracized John Eaton, the Secretary of War, and his wife Peggy over disapproval of the circumstances surrounding their marriage and what they considered her failure to meet the moral standards of a cabinet wife. The affair shook up the Jackson administration and led to the resignation of all but one cabinet member. It facilitated Martin Van Buren's rise to the presidency and was, in part, responsible for Calhoun's transformation from a national political figure with presidential aspirations into a sectional leader of the slave-holding Southern states.

neg: United States elections, 1789 The 1789 United States elections elected the members of the 1st United States Congress. It was the first general election since the ratification of the United States Constitution in 1788, and it elected the first President and the first members of Congress. Formal political parties did not exist, as the leading politicians of the day largely distrusted the idea of "factions." However, Congress would become broadly divided by the economic policies of Treasury Secretary Alexander Hamilton, with the Pro-Administration faction supporting those policies. Opposing them was the Anti-Administration faction, which saw a smaller role for the federal government. North Carolina and Rhode Island did not take part in the presidential election, as they had not yet ratified the Constitution, while a deadlocked legislature prevented New York from appointing its electors.


query: American singer Steve Earle has released how many studio albums, including a collaboration with bluegrass artist Del McCoury, Delano Floyd McCoury was born in Bakersville, North Carolina in 1939, but the family relocated to York County, Pennsylvania while he was still a child, is an American bluegrass musician?

pos: Steve Earle discography American singer Steve Earle has released sixteen studio albums, including a collaboration with bluegrass artist Del McCoury. Earle's work reflects a wide range of styles, including bluegrass, roots rock, folk, blues and country. He or his labels have also released six live albums and eight compilation albums.

pos: Del McCoury Delano Floyd McCoury was born in Bakersville, North Carolina in 1939, but the family relocated to York County, Pennsylvania while he was still a child, is an American bluegrass musician. As leader of the Del McCoury Band, he plays guitar and sings lead vocals along with his two sons, Ronnie McCoury and Rob McCoury, who play mandolin and banjo respectively. In June 2010, he received a National Heritage Fellowship lifetime achievement award from the National Endowment for the Arts and in 2011 he was elected into the International Bluegrass Music Hall of Fame.

neg: Bill Monroe William Smith Monroe ( ; September 13, 1911 – September 9, 1996) was an American mandolinist, singer, and songwriter who helped to create the style of music known as bluegrass. Because of this he is commonly referred to as the "Father of Bluegrass". The genre takes its name from his band, the Blue Grass Boys, named for Monroe's home state of Kentucky. Monroe's performing career spanned 69 years as a singer, instrumentalist, composer and bandleader.

neg: Clint Miller (rockabilly musician) Isaac Clinton "Clint" Miller (born May 24, 1939, Ferguson, North Carolina) is an American rockabilly singer and politician.

neg: Aereo-Plain Aereo-Plain is American musician John Hartford's groundbreaking bluegrass album released in 1971. It reached number 193 on The Billboard 200 chart.

neg: Jamie Lee Thurston Jamie Lee Thurston (born in Montpelier, Vermont) is an American country music singer. He was raised in Waterbury, Vermont and performed with his father starting at age 15. After moving to Los Angeles, California, he moved again to Nashville, Tennessee in 1999.

neg: The Bluegrass Sessions (Lynn Anderson album) The Bluegrass Sessions is a bluegrass album by country musician Lynn Anderson, released in 2004.

neg: Al Hopkins Albert Green Hopkins (1889 – October 21, 1932) (Al Hopkins) was an American musician, a pioneer of what later came to be called country music; in 1925 he originated the earlier designation of this music as "hillbilly music", though not without qualms about its pejorative connotation.

neg: Johnny Carver Johnny Carver (born November 24, 1940 in Jackson, Mississippi) is an American country music artist. Between 1968 and 1977, he charted fifteen Top 40 hits on the "Billboard" country charts. His highest-charting single was a cover of Tony Orlando's "Tie a Yellow Ribbon Round the Ole Oak Tree", a cover that reached No. 1 for him in 1974. He also had cover success with his version of the Starland Vocal Band's "Afternoon Delight." Carver lives today in rural Wilson County, Tennessee.

neg: Fly Through the Country Fly Through the Country is the title of the second studio album by the progressive bluegrass band New Grass Revival, released in 1975 on the Flying Fish label. It is also the title of the fifth song on the album.

neg: Georgia Turner Georgia Turner (1921-1969) (born Georgia Bell Turner known after marriage as Georgia Turner Connelly), was an American folk singer. She is credited with an early recording of "Rising Sun Blues", produced by Alan Lomax in 1937, in Middlesboro, Kentucky. Her adaptation of this American folk classic, better known as "House Of The Rising Sun," has become the standard, the ancestor of covers by hundreds of later performers, including Dave Van Ronk, Bob Dylan, The Animals, Joan Baez, Tracy Chapman, Muse, and even Andy Griffith. (The lyrics later published by Lomax in "Our Singing Country" in 1941 incorporate some lines from a version performed by Bert Martin.)

neg: Terry McBride (musician) Terry McBride (born September 16, 1958 in Taylor, Texas) is an American country music artist. Between 1989 and 1994, and again from 2000 to 2002, McBride was the lead vocalist and bass guitarist in the band McBride & the Ride, a country music group which recorded six studio albums and charted more than ten singles on the "Billboard" Hot Country Songs charts. He is also the son of 1970s country singer Dale McBride.

neg: Atlanta (band) Atlanta was an American country music group formed in 1982 in Nashville, Tennessee, USA. It was composed of Brad Griffis (vocals, bass guitar), Bill Davidson (vocals, guitar), Tony Ingram (vocals, fiddle), Alan David (vocals, lead guitar), Allen Collay (vocals, keyboards), Bill Packard (vocals, keyboards), Jeff Baker (bass vocal, harmonica), Dick Stevens (bass), and John Holder (drums). Between 1983 and 1988, Atlanta recorded two albums for MCA Records and charted nine hit singles on the "Billboard" country chart.

neg: Little Archie (singer) Archie Patrick Himons, also known as Little Archie and latterly Aashid Himons, (September 22, 1942—March 19, 2011) was an American singer and musician born in West Virginia. He was "a musical innovator that fused traditional country blues with reggae and world music during the late 1970s" and is best known for his "blu-reggae" band Afrikan Dreamland.

neg: Frank Wakefield Franklin Delano Roosevelt Wakefield (born June 26, 1934) is an innovative American mandolin player in the bluegrass music style. Wakefield is known for his collaborations with a number of important and well-known bands, including Red Allen, Don Reno, Jerry Garcia, David Grisman, The Stanley Brothers, and the Greenbriar Boys.

neg: Corky Siegel Mark Paul "Corky" Siegel (born October 24, 1943) is an American musician, singer-songwriter, and composer. He plays harmonica and piano. He plays and writes blues and blues-rock music, and has also worked extensively on combining blues and classical music. He is best known as the co-leader of the Siegel-Schwall Band, and as the leader of the Chamber Blues group.

neg: Zac Brown Band Zac Brown Band is an American country music band based in Atlanta, Georgia, on the Southern Ground Artists label. The lineup consists of Zachry Alexander "Zac" Brown (born July 31, 1978) (lead vocals, guitar), Jimmy De Martini (born August 3, 1976) (fiddle, vocals), John Driskell Hopkins (born May 3, 1971) (bass guitar, guitar, baritone guitar, banjo, ukulele, upright bass, vocals), Coy Bowles (born February 20, 1979) (guitar, keyboards), Chris Fryar (born November 22, 1970) (drums), Clay Cook (born April 20, 1978) (guitar, keyboards, mandolin, steel guitar, vocals), Matt Mangano (born May 12, 1976) (bass guitar), and Daniel de los Reyes (born July 18, 1962) (percussion).

neg: Words and Music (Roger Miller album) Words and Music is the fourth studio album by American country music singer Roger Miller. It was released under the Smash Records label in 1966 (see 1966 in country music). The record reached #32 on the country album charts and #108 on the "Billboard" 200, marking a significant drop in the charts following his first three albums.

neg: Mark Germino Mark Germino is an American folk rock and country singer-songwriter. Born in North Carolina, he initially worked as a poet before moving into folk rock songwriting; by 1974, he had moved to Nashville. Initially, he did not plan to become a singer, although he eventually bought a guitar and took up singing as well, as he decided that singing was easier than reciting poetry.

neg: Smokey Mayfield Arlie Vincent Mayfield, I (June 20, 1924 – September 11, 2008), known as Smokey Mayfield, was a ranch supervisor in the Texas Panhandle and a bluegrass musician. In the late 1940s, Mayfield and his brothers played warmup for Tennessee Ernie Ford, Maddox Brothers and Rose, Hank Snow, and other country singers.

neg: Jerusalem (Steve Earle album) Jerusalem is the 10th studio album by alternative country singer Steve Earle, released in 2002. A concept album, it has a political theme, and contains songs about a post–September 11, 2001 world.

neg: For the Good Times: A Tribute to Ray Price For The Good Times: A Tribute to Ray Price is the seventy-first studio album by country music singer-songwriter Willie Nelson, released on September 19, 2016. Nelson, a former member of Price's Cherokee Cowboys and friend, recorded the twelve-track album at Ocean Way Studios, where Price also recorded his final "Beauty Is" album. Engineered by Fred Foster and Bergen White, the album features Vince Gill on six tracks. The content spans Honky Tonk and Countrypolitan.


query: Which cast member of "It Happened on Fifth Avenue" was also a major Broadway star in the 1920's?

pos: It Happened on Fifth Avenue It Happened on Fifth Avenue (1947) is a motion picture comedy, directed by Roy Del Ruth and starring Victor Moore, Ann Harding, Don DeFore, Charles Ruggles and Gale Storm. Herbert Clyde Lewis and Frederick Stephani were nominated for the Academy Award for Best Story, losing to Valentine Davies and another Christmas-themed story, "Miracle on 34th Street".

pos: Victor Moore Victor Frederick Moore (February 24, 1876 – July 23, 1962) was an American actor of stage and screen, as well as a comedian, writer, and director, most significantly a major Broadway star from the late 1920s through the 1930s.

neg: The Branded Woman The Branded Woman is a 1920 American silent drama film released by First National Pictures. It stars Norma Talmadge who also produced the film along with her husband Joseph Schenck through their production company, Norma Talmadge Productions. The film is based on a 1917 Broadway play "Branded", by Oliver D. Bailey and was adapted for the screen by Anita Loos and Albert Parker who also directed.

neg: J-U-N-K J-U-N-K is a 1920 American film produced by Morris R. Schlank.

neg: Hazel Shermet Hazel Shermet (August 1, 1920 – October 27, 2016) was an American actress, comedian, and singer whose decades-long career spanned radio, television, film and theater, including Broadway. In addition to her live action-roles, Shermet also enjoyed a lengthy career as a voice-over and voice actor. She provided the voice of Henrietta Hippo for the entire 196-episode run of the syndicated children's show, "New Zoo Revue", from 1972 until 1977.

neg: Florenz Ziegfeld Jr. Florenz Edward Ziegfeld Jr. (March 21, 1867 – July 22, 1932), popularly known as Flo Ziegfeld, was an American Broadway impresario, notable for his series of theatrical revues, the "Ziegfeld Follies" (1907–1931), inspired by the "Folies Bergère" of Paris. He also produced the musical "Show Boat". He was known as the "glorifier of the American girl". Ziegfeld is a member of the American Theater Hall of Fame.

neg: Oh, Lady, Lady Oh, Lady, Lady is a lost 1920 American silent comedy romance film directed by Major Maurice Campbell and starring Bebe Daniels. It is based on a popular 1918 Broadway stage musical, "Oh, Lady! Lady!!"

neg: Sam Levene Sam Levene (August 28, 1905 – December 28, 1980) was an American Broadway and film actor. He made his Broadway debut in 1927 with five lines in a play titled "Wall Street", and over a span of nearly 50 years, appeared on Broadway in 37 Shows, of which 33 were the original Broadway Productions, many now considered legendary. Levene made his film debut in 1936, recreating the role of Patsy that he had played in the Broadway production of "Three Men on a Horse" in 1935. He also appeared in the USO Tour of this same Show; the Radio Version; the Musical version that opened on Broadway called "Let It Ride" (1961) as well as the 1969 Broadway Revival of the play directed by George Abbott, the original Broadway Director and co-author.

neg: Just Off Broadway (1929 film) Just Off Broadway is a 1929 American silent drama film directed by Frank O'Connor and starring Donald Keith, Ann Christy and Larry Steers.

neg: The Sins of St. Anthony The Sins of St. Anthony is a 1920 American silent comedy film directed by James Cruze and written by Charles Collins and Elmer Blaney Harris. The film stars Bryant Washburn, Margaret Loomis, Lorenza Lazzarini, Viora Daniel, Frank Jonasson, and May Baxter. The film was released on July 4, 1920, by Paramount Pictures. It may be a lost film, as no known prints are known to exist.

neg: Peg Murray Margaret L. "Peg" Murray (born February 14, 1924) is an American actress of stage, musical theatre and television.

neg: The Fatal Hour (1920 film) The Fatal Hour is a lost 1920 American feature-length silent film directed by George W. Terwilliger. It starred Broadway star Thomas W. Ross (1873-1959) and Wilfred Lytell and was released by Metro Pictures. Ross is forgotten to modern audiences while Lytell is a known name amongst silent film buffs.

neg: 5th Ave Girl 5th Ave Girl is a 1939 comedy film about a millionaire who feels neglected by his family, so he hires a young woman to stir things up. It stars Ginger Rogers and Walter Connolly.

neg: Peacock Alley (1930 film) Peacock Alley is a 1930 American musical romantic drama film directed by Marcel de Sano, and starring Mae Murray and George Barraud. The film is a remake of the 1922 silent film of the same name in which Murray also stars. Aside from Murray being cast in the lead, the remake was largely different from the 1922 silent film. While Murray's character in the 1922 film was named Cleo, she was renamed Claire Tree in this film. George Barraud replaced Monte Blue as the male lead, who is now named Clayton Stoddard.

neg: Eli Wallach Eli Herschel Wallach ( ; December 7, 1915 – June 24, 2014) was an American film, television and stage actor whose career spanned more than six decades, beginning in the late 1940s. Trained in stage acting, which he enjoyed doing most, he became "one of the greatest 'character actors' ever to appear on stage and screen" states TCM, with over 90 film credits. On stage, he often co-starred with his wife, Anne Jackson, becoming one of the best-known acting couples in the American theater. As a stage and screen character actor, Wallach had one of the longest careers in show business, spanning 62 years from his Broadway debut to his last major Hollywood studio movie.

neg: The Prince Chap The Prince Chap is a 1920 American silent drama film directed by William C. deMille and written by Olga Printzlau based upon the play of the same name by Edward Peple. The film stars Thomas Meighan, Charles Ogle, Kathlyn Williams, Casson Ferguson, Ann Forrest, Peaches Jackson, and Mae Giraci. The film was released in August 1920, by Paramount Pictures.

neg: Mid-Channel Mid-Channel is a 1920 American silent drama film based on a play of the same name written by Sir Arthur Wing Pinero. The film was produced and directed by Harry Garson and stars Clara Kimball Young. On Broadway the play starred Ethel Barrymore.

neg: Martha Raye Martha Raye (August 27, 1916 – October 19, 1994) was an American comic actress and singer who performed in movies, and later on television. She also acted in plays, including Broadway.

neg: Nanette Comstock Nanette Comstock (July 17, 1866 – June 24, 1942) was an American actress whose career on stage spanned nearly thirty-five years. She appeared on both the New York and London stage and had shared the stage with many of the luminaries of the late nineteenth and early twentieth centuries.

neg: The Bad Man (play) The Bad Man was a 1920 Broadway three-act comedy written by Porter Emerson Browne,

neg: Etta Hawkins Henrietta Luna Hawkins Morris (August 21, 1865 – July 13, 1945), known as Etta Hawkins, was an American comedic stage actress during the early 1900s. She gained prestige with her work in the productions of "Lord Chumley" with E.H. Sothern, "The Charity Ball" and "The Lost Paradise".

neg: Enter Madame (play) Enter Madame was a 1920 Broadway three-act comedy written by Gilda Varesi and Dolly Byrne,


query: Since when has the automobile driven by Garrett Smithley for MBM Motorsports been sold?

pos: Garrett Smithley Garrett Smithley (born April 27, 1992) is an American professional stock car racing driver. He currently competes full-time in the NASCAR Xfinity Series, driving the No. 0 Chevrolet Camaro for JD Motorsports and the No. 40 Toyota Camry for MBM Motorsports. Smithley has also competed in the Camping World Truck Series and ARCA Racing Series.

pos: Toyota Camry The Toyota Camry ( ; Japanese: トヨタ・カムリ "Toyota Kamuri") is an automobile sold internationally by the Japanese manufacturer Toyota since 1982, spanning multiple generations. Originally compact in size (narrow-body), later Camry models have grown to fit the mid-size classification (wide-body)—although the two sizes co-existed in the 1990s. Since the release of the wide-bodied versions, Camry has been extolled by Toyota as the firm's second "world car" after the Corolla. In Japan, Camry is exclusive to "Toyota Corolla Store" retail dealerships. Narrow-body cars also spawned a rebadged sibling in Japan, the Toyota Vista (トヨタ・ビスタ)—also introduced in 1982 and sold at "Toyota Vista Store" locations. Diesel fuel versions have previously retailed at "Toyota Diesel Store".

neg: Cadillac Fleetwood The Cadillac Fleetwood is a model of luxury car manufactured by the Cadillac division of General Motors from the 1985 through the 1996 model years.

neg: Pontiac Montana The Pontiac Montana is a minivan that was sold by Pontiac. Prior to the 1997 model year, it was known as Pontiac Trans Sport. In 1997, the Trans Sport added the Montana moniker as part of an available trim package. The package proved so popular the line was renamed Montana in 1999 for the US and 2000 for Canada. For 2005, the van was redesigned with a higher, less aerodynamic nose to resemble an SUV. The Montana name was also changed to Montana SV6. It was discontinued after the 2006 model year in the United States because of slow sales, but continued to be sold in Mexico until the 2009 model year and in Canada until the 2010 model year because of GM phasing out the Pontiac brand after the 2010 model year. Since their introduction, the Pontiac minivans were General Motors' most popular minivans among consumers in Canada.

neg: Chevrolet Biscayne The Chevrolet Biscayne was a series of full-size cars produced by the American manufacturer Chevrolet between 1958 and 1972. Named after a show car displayed at the 1955 General Motors Motorama, the Biscayne was the least expensive model in the Chevrolet full-size car range (except the 1958-only Chevrolet Delray). The absence of most exterior and fancy interior trimmings remained through the life of the series, as the slightly costlier Chevrolet Bel Air offered more interior and exterior features at a price significantly lower than the mid-line Chevrolet Impala.

neg: Ford Thunderbird The Ford Thunderbird is a rear wheel drive automobile which was manufactured by Ford in the United States over eleven model generations from 1955 through 2005. The Thunderbird created a market niche that eventually became known as the personal luxury car.

neg: GM V platform (1966) The V platform is a rear-wheel drive automobile platform that underpinned various General Motors (GM) vehicles from 1966 through to its final discontinuation in 2007. The V platform was developed in the 1960s by the German subsidiary of GM, Opel. However, it was not without significant revision over its lifetime. The platform's phase-out began when European production ended during 2003, while the Australian variants, produced by Holden continued until 2007, after their final replacement by Zeta-derived models. The first of these Zeta cars came in 2006, with the remaining changing over in 2007. V-cars are identified by the "V" fourth character in their Vehicle Identification Number. Although completely unrelated, the "V platform" designation was also used for a series of North American front-wheel drive personal luxury coupes (see: GM V platform (1987)).

neg: DeSoto (automobile) DeSoto (sometimes De Soto) is an American automobile marque that was manufactured and marketed by the DeSoto Division of the Chrysler Corporation from 1928 to the 1961 model year. The De Soto marque was officially dropped November 30, 1960, with over two million vehicles built since 1928.

neg: Mercury Cyclone The Mercury Cyclone is an automobile that was produced by Mercury from 1964 to 1971. It started as a performance model of the 1964 Mercury Comet, and was named the Mercury Comet Cyclone through 1967. For 1968, the "Comet" part of the name was dropped. Options such as GT, Spoiler and Cobra Jet were added and removed. In 1971, it was integrated into the Mercury Montego line as their performance model.

neg: LaFerrari LaFerrari (project name, F150) is a limited production hybrid sports car built by Ferrari. LaFerrari literally means "TheFerrari" in Italian language and in some other Romance languages, in the sense that it is the "definitive" Ferrari. On December 3, 2016, a LaFerrari auctioned off for $7 million (£5,743,500.00) making this car "the most valuable 21st century automobile ever sold at auction".

neg: Mercury Milan The Mercury Milan is a mid-size sedan that was based on the Mazda-designed Ford CD3 platform and distributed by Mercury. It is a twin of the Ford Fusion, while being slotted below the luxury-spec Lincoln MKZ (formerly Lincoln Zephyr) sedan. The Milan was first shown at the 2005 Chicago Auto Show, and was sold in the United States (including Puerto Rico and the U.S. Virgin Islands), Mexico, and the Middle East. With Ford eliminating the Mercury division, production of the Milan ended December 17, 2010. It is named for the Italian city of Milan.

neg: Lister Cars Lister Cars is a British sports car manufacturer founded by Brian Lister in 1954 in Cambridge, England, which became known for its involvement in motorsport. Sold in 1986, Laurence Pearce produced variants of the Jaguar XJS before producing a bespoke sports car, the Lister Storm. In 2013, Lister Cars was acquired by Lawrence Whittaker's company Warrantywise. Production of the original sports car restarted in 2014 and ten continuation Lister Jaguar Knobblys were built to celebrate Lister’s 60th Anniversary. In 2016 The Lister Motor Company announced the build and sale of The Lister Knobbly Stirling Moss.

neg: MacDonald Motorsports MacDonald Motorsports (MMS) was a NASCAR team owned by former NASCAR Sprint Cup series driver Randy MacDonald and his mother, Pat MacDonald.

neg: Pontiac Sunbird The Pontiac Sunbird is an automobile that was produced by Pontiac, initially as a subcompact for the 1976 to 1980 model years, and later as a compact for the 1982 to 1994 model years. The Sunbird model ran for 18 years (with a lapse during the 1981 and 1982 model years, as the 1982 model was called J2000) and was then replaced in 1995 by the Pontiac Sunfire. Through the years the Sunbird was available in notchback coupe, sedan, hatchback, station wagon, and convertible body styles.

neg: GC Motorsports International GC Motorsports International (formerly Go Canada Racing) was a NASCAR racing team based in Ontario, Canada, owned by Canadian businessman Steve Meehan. GCMI currently fields the No. 27 Ford Mustang in the NASCAR Nationwide Series and the No. 27 Dodge in the NASCAR Canadian Tire Series.

neg: Maruti Suzuki Maruti Suzuki India Limited, formerly known as Maruti Udyog Limited, is an automobile manufacturer in India. It is a 56.21%-owned subsidiary of Japanese automobile and motorcycle manufacturer Suzuki Motor Corporation. s of 2017 , it had a market share of 51% of the Indian passenger car market. Maruti Suzuki manufactures and sells popular cars such as the Ciaz, Ertiga, Wagon R, Alto, Swift, Celerio, Swift Dzire, Omni, Baleno and Baleno RS. The company is headquartered at New Delhi. In February 2012, the company sold its ten millionth vehicle in India.

neg: Subaru BRAT The Subaru BRAT, short for "Bi-drive Recreational All-terrain Transporter", known outside the United States as the 284 in the United Kingdom, Brumby in Australia, and Shifter, MV, Targa or MPV in other markets, is a light duty, four-wheel drive coupé utility, sold from 1978 to 1994. It was an export-only model, never being officially sold in Japan. Due to this, the BRAT became a popular grey import vehicle in Japan.

neg: Akins Motorsports Akins Motorsports, formerly Akins-Sutton Motorsports was a NASCAR team based in Mooresville, North Carolina, which is near Charlotte. The team was formed in 1992 by Brad Akins, owner of several car dealerships in Georgia and team pit crew member, and Bob Sutton who served as the team's financial manager. At the time the team was sold to Braun Racing in 2006, it was owned by longtime team general manager Doug Stringer. The team was known for its Great Clips-sponsored #38 team in the Busch Series (now the Xfinity Series), which was later fielded by Braun Racing and Turner Scott Motorsports.

neg: Ford Thunderbird (fifth generation) The fifth generation of the Ford Thunderbird is a large personal luxury car that was produced by Ford for the 1967 to 1971 model years. This fifth generation saw the second major change of direction for the Thunderbird. The Thunderbird had fundamentally remained the same in concept through 1966, even though the styling had been updated twice. The introduction of the Ford Mustang in early 1964 had, however, challenged the Thunderbird's market positioning. It, like the Thunderbird, was a small, two-door, four-seater with sporting pretensions, but it was more affordable. The Thunderbird's sales suffered. Ford's response was to move the Thunderbird upmarket.

neg: Rambler (automobile) Rambler was an automobile brand name used by the Thomas B. Jeffery Company between 1900 and 1914, then by its successor, Nash Motors from 1950 to 1954, and finally by Nash's successor, American Motors Corporation from 1954 to 1969 in the United States and 1983 in international markets. It was often nicknamed the "Kenosha Cadillac" after its place of manufacture.

neg: Nissan Fuga The Nissan Fuga (Japanese: 日産・フーガ "Nissan Fūga") is a full-size luxury sedan produced by Japanese automaker Nissan since October 2004. It is built on a wider, stretched wheelbase version of the Nissan FM platform. After the Nissan Cima and Nissan President were discontinued in August 2010, the Fuga became Nissan's flagship vehicle. In North America and Europe, the Fuga is sold as the second and third-generation Infiniti M (Q70 from 2014), where it has been the flagship of the Infiniti luxury division of Nissan since 2006.

neg: Athenian Motorsports Athenian Motorsports was an American professional stock car racing team that last competed in the NASCAR Xfinity Series, the Camping World Truck Series, and the ARCA Racing Series. In the Xfinity Series, the team last fielded the No. 05 Zaxby's Chevrolet Camaro part-time for John Wes Townley. In the Camping World Truck Series, the team last fielded the No. 05 Zaxby's Chevrolet Silverado full-time for part-time drivers: Townley, Parker Kligerman, Brady Boswell, and Cody Coughlin. In the ARCA Racing Series, the team last fielded the No. 05 Zaxby's Chevrolet Impala part-time for Townley. The team was sponsored by Zaxby's Chicken Restaurants, co-founded by John Wes' father and team owner Tony Townley, and the team name is likely a reference to the company's home in Athens, Georgia. The team closed down in 2017, and sold its owner points to MDM Motorsports' No. 99 team.