query: The mother of Margaret Tudor married Henry VII after what battle?

pos: Margaret Tudor Margaret Tudor (28 November 1489 – 18 October 1541) was Queen of Scots from 1503 until 1513 by marriage to James IV of Scotland and then, after her husband died fighting the English, she became regent for their son James V of Scotland. She was born at Westminster Palace as the oldest daughter of Henry VII of England and Elizabeth of York, and granddaughter of Margaret Beaufort, Edward IV of England and Queen Elizabeth Woodville. Margaret Tudor had several pregnancies, but most of her children died young or were stillborn. As queen dowager she married Archibald Douglas, 6th Earl of Angus. Through her first and second marriages, respectively, Margaret was the grandmother of both Mary, Queen of Scots, and Mary's second husband, Lord Darnley. Margaret's marriage to James IV foreshadowed the Union of the Crowns – their great-grandson, James VI and I, was the first to be monarch of both Scotland and England.

pos: Elizabeth of York Elizabeth of York (11 February 1466 – 11 February 1503) was queen consort of England from 1486 until her death. As the wife of Henry VII, she was the first Tudor queen. She was the daughter of Edward IV and niece of Richard III, and she married the king following Henry's victory at the Battle of Bosworth which started the last phase of the Wars of the Roses. She was the mother of King Henry VIII. Therefore, she was the daughter, sister, niece, wife, mother, and grandmother of successive kings and queens of England.

neg: Lord Henry Seymour (naval commander) Lord Henry Seymour was a younger son of Edward Seymour, 1st Duke of Somerset by his second wife Anne Stanhope. Aboard HMS "Rainbow" he commanded the 'Narrow Seas' Squadron of ships that took part in the Battle of Gravelines against the Spanish Armada in 1588. Controlling the seas off Dunkirk they joined the main British fleet (the 'Western Squadron') near Calais on 6 August, adding about a third to the total size.

neg: Second Battle of St Albans The Second Battle of St Albans was a battle of the English Wars of the Roses, fought on 17 February 1461, at St Albans. The army of the Yorkist faction under the Earl of Warwick attempted to bar the road to London north of the town. The rival Lancastrian army used a wide outflanking manoeuvre to take Warwick by surprise, cut him off from London, and drive his army from the field. The victors also released the feeble King Henry VI, who had been Warwick's prisoner, from his captivity. However, they ultimately failed to take advantage of their victory.

neg: Henry Wentworth Sir Henry Wentworth of Nettlestead, Suffolk, KB (born c.1448, died between 17 August 1499 and 27 February 1501), "de jure" 4th Baron Despenser, was the grandfather of Henry VIII's third wife, Jane Seymour, and the great-grandfather of Jane's son, Edward VI.

neg: Henry Brandon, 1st Earl of Lincoln Henry Brandon, 1st Earl of Lincoln (ca. 1523 – 1 March 1534 Southwark) was the youngest child and second son born to Charles Brandon, 1st Duke of Suffolk and Mary Tudor, Queen of France, who was a daughter of Henry VII, King of England. Thus Henry Brandon was nephew to King Henry VIII. His older sisters were Lady Frances Brandon and Lady Eleanor Brandon.

neg: Treaty of Medina del Campo (1489) The Treaty of Medina del Campo was an agreement developed on March 26, 1489 between England and the nascent Spain. Its provisions accomplished three goals: the establishment of a common policy for the two countries regarding France, the reduction of tariffs between the two countries, and, most centrally, the arrangement of a marriage contract between Arthur Tudor, eldest son of Henry VII of England, and Catherine of Aragon, daughter of Isabella I of Castile and Ferdinand II of Aragon. The treaty was signed on March 27 by Spanish sovereigns, but its ratification by Henry did not occur until September 1490 by the Treaty of Woking.

neg: Margaret, Countess of Lennox Margaret, Countess of Lennox was the daughter of Domhnall, Earl of Lennox, who died in about 1364. She married Walter de Fasselane, a cousin, who also descended from previous Earls of Lennox.

neg: Mary Shakespeare Mary Shakespeare, née Arden, (c. 1537–1608) was the mother of William Shakespeare. She was the daughter of Robert Arden. The Arden family had been prominent in Warwickshire since before the Norman Conquest. She was the youngest of 8 daughters, and she inherited her father's farm, now called Mary Arden's House, in Wilmcote, Warwickshire when Robert Arden died in December 1556.

neg: Margaret of York Margaret of York (3 May 1446 – 23 November 1503) – also by marriage known as Margaret of Burgundy – was Duchess Consort of Burgundy as the third wife of Charles the Bold and acted as a protector of the Duchy after his death. She was a daughter of Richard Plantagenet, 3rd Duke of York, and Cecily Neville, and the sister of two Kings of England, Edward IV and Richard III. She was born at Fotheringhay Castle, Northamptonshire, England, and she died at Mechelen in the Low Countries.

neg: Battle of Soissons (718) The Battle of Soissons of 718 was the last of the great pitched battles of the civil war between the heirs of Pepin of Heristal. Since Pepin's death in December 714, his grandson and heir Theudoald, his widow Plectrude, his bastard son Charles Martel, his successor as mayor of the palace in Neustria Ragenfrid, and the new king Chilperic II had been waging a war for ascendancy. Though Ragenfrid and Chilperic had begun with successes and Plectrude and Theudoald were removed early, Martel turned the tide of war and eventually forced the surrender of all his opponents.

neg: Mary FitzRoy, Duchess of Richmond and Somerset Mary FitzRoy, Duchess of Richmond and Somerset (Howard; 1519 – 7 December 1557), born Lady Mary Howard, was the only daughter-in-law of King Henry VIII of England, being the wife of his only acknowledged illegitimate son, Henry FitzRoy, 1st Duke of Richmond and Somerset.

neg: Henry VIII of England Henry VIII (28 June 1491 – 28 January 1547) was King of England from 21 April 1509 until his death. Henry was the second Tudor monarch, succeeding his father, Henry VII.

neg: Sir Edward de Courtenay Sir Edward Courtenay (c.1385 – c. August 1418) was the eldest son of Edward de Courtenay, 11th Earl of Devon (d. 5 December 1419). He fought at Agincourt, and was killed in a sea battle in Henry V's continuing campaigns in Normandy.

neg: Battle of the Spurs The Battle of the Spurs, or Battle of Guinegate, took place on 16 August 1513. As part of the Holy League, during the ongoing Italian Wars, English and Imperial troops under Henry VIII and Maximilian I surprised and routed a body of French cavalry under Jacques de La Palice. Henry and Maximilian were besieging the town of Thérouanne in Artois (now Pas-de-Calais). Henry's camp was at Guinegate, now called Enguinegatte. After Thérouanne fell, Henry VIII besieged and took Tournai.

neg: Thomas Boleyn, 1st Earl of Wiltshire Thomas Boleyn, 1st Earl of Wiltshire, 1st Earl of Ormond, 1st Viscount Rochford (c. 1477 – 12 March 1539) was an English diplomat and politician in the Tudor era. He was born at the family home, Hever Castle, Kent, which had been purchased by his grandfather Sir Geoffrey Boleyn, who was a wealthy mercer. He was buried at St. Peter's parish church in the village of Hever. His parents were Sir William Boleyn (1451 – 10 October 1505) and Lady Margaret Butler (1454–1539). He was the father of Anne Boleyn, the second wife of Henry VIII of England. As such, he was the maternal grandfather of Queen Elizabeth I.

neg: Margaret Audley, Duchess of Norfolk Margaret Howard (née Audley), Duchess of Norfolk (1540 – 9 January 1564) was the sole surviving child of Thomas Audley, 1st Baron Audley of Walden and Lady Elizabeth Grey, daughter of Thomas Grey, 2nd Marquess of Dorset and Margaret Wotton.

neg: Margaret Stewart (born c. 1455) Margaret Stewart (born c. 1455, date of death unknown) was the younger daughter of James II of Scotland and Mary of Guelders. Once engaged to the Lancastrian Prince of Wales, Margaret instead became the mistress of William Crichton, 3rd Lord Crichton (an enemy of her brother, James III), and the mother of his illegitimate daughter, Margaret Crichton, later Countess of Rothes, and possibly his son, Sir James Crichton, progenitor of the Viscounts of Frendraught. Margaret and Lord Crichton may have been married later, after the death of Crichton's wife.

neg: Arthur, Prince of Wales Arthur Tudor (20 September 1486 – 2 April 1502) was Prince of Wales, Earl of Chester and Duke of Cornwall. As the eldest son and heir apparent of Henry VII of England, Arthur was viewed by contemporaries as the great hope of the newly established House of Tudor. His mother, Elizabeth of York, was the daughter of Edward IV, and his birth cemented the union between the House of Tudor and the House of York.

neg: Anne Brandon, Baroness Grey of Powys Lady Anne Brandon, Baroness Grey of Powys (c. 1507 – January 1558) was an English noblewoman, and the eldest daughter of Charles Brandon, 1st Duke of Suffolk by his second wife, Anne Browne. Anne's mother had died in 1511. In 1514, Anne's father secured a place for her at the court of Archduchess Margaret of Savoy. While Anne was abroad, her father married Mary Tudor, the widowed Queen consort of Louis XII of France and the youngest sister of Henry VIII.

neg: Battle of Saint-Mathieu The naval Battle of Saint-Mathieu took place on 10 August 1512 during the War of the League of Cambrai, near Brest, France, between an English fleet of 25 ships commanded by Sir Edward Howard and a Franco-Breton fleet of 22 ships commanded by René de Clermont. It is possibly the first battle between ships using cannon through ports, although this played a minor role in the fighting. This was one of only two full-fledged naval battles fought by King Henry VIII's Navy Royal. During the battle, each navy's largest and most powerful ship—"Regent" and "Marie-la-Cordelière" (or simply "Cordelière")—was destroyed by a large explosion aboard the latter.

neg: Marie, Duchess of Auvergne Marie of Berry (c. 1375 – June 1434) was "suo jure" Sovereign Duchess of Auvergne and Countess of Montpensier in 1416-1434. She was the daughter of John, Duke of Berry, and Joanna of Armagnac. She was married three times. She acted as administrator of the Duchy of Bourbon for her third spouse John I, Duke of Bourbon, during his imprisonment in England after he was captured following the French defeat at the Battle of Agincourt in 1415, until 1434.


query: What American professional boxer, boxing commentator, boxing trainer, rapper, and actor, was involved in fights refereed by Ron Lipton?

pos: Ron Lipton Ron Lipton (born August 8, 1946) is an American boxing referee who has officiated in world title bouts in the United States, Ireland and Italy, and on HBO pay-per-view. Lipton refereed fights involving Evander Holyfield, Ray Mercer, Roy Jones Jr., Oscar De La Hoya, David Tua, Junior Jones, Chris Eubank, Donovan Ruddock, Pernell Whitaker and Roberto Duran.

pos: Roy Jones Jr. Roy Levesta Jones Jr. (born January 16, 1969) is an American professional boxer, boxing commentator, boxing trainer, rapper, and actor who holds dual American and Russian citizenship. He is a six-time former world champion in four weight classes, having held titles at middleweight, super middleweight, light heavyweight, and heavyweight; and is the only boxer in history to start his professional career at light middleweight and go on to win a heavyweight title. As an amateur he represented the United States at the 1988 Summer Olympics, winning a silver medal in the light middleweight division.

neg: Larry Donald Larry Ali Donald (born January 6, 1967) is an American former professional boxer. As an amateur he won a bronze medal in the super heavyweight division at the 1991 World Championships and represented the United States at the 1992 Olympics.

neg: Lennox Lewis vs. Mike Tyson Lennox Lewis vs. Mike Tyson, billed as "Lewis–Tyson: Is On", was a professional boxing match that took place on June 8, 2002 at the Pyramid Arena in Memphis, Tennessee, United States, between IBF, IBO and WBC heavyweight champion Lennox Lewis and former IBF, WBA and WBC heavyweight champion Mike Tyson. The fight was for Lewis' heavyweight championship titles. Lewis defeated Tyson by knockout in the eighth round.

neg: John McCarthy (referee) John Michael McCarthy (born October 12, 1962) is an American mixed martial arts referee, perhaps best known for his officiating of numerous bouts promoted by the Ultimate Fighting Championship (UFC) dating back to UFC 2. Known to fans as "Big" John McCarthy, he took a brief sabbatical from officiating toward the end of 2007 to pursue a career in television commentary for The Fight Network and also provided commentary for Affliction, before returning to his role as a referee in 2008. McCarthy is also a former Los Angeles Police Officer, and a Tactical Self-Defense Instructor at the Los Angeles Police Academy, as well as the founder of C.O.M.M.A.N.D: a training and certification school for MMA referees and judges. He has also officiated bouts in Bellator, and is a qualified boxing referee. In February 2015, Big John & Bellator commentator Sean Wheelock launched their new weekly podcast, Let's Get It On with Big John McCarthy & Sean Wheelock.

neg: Mo Hussein Mo Hussein ( (1962--) 17 1962 (age 55 ) ) born in Hackney is an English professional light/light welterweight boxer of the 1980s who won the British Boxing Board of Control (BBBofC) Southern Area lightweight title, and Commonwealth lightweight title, and was a challenger for the BBBofC British light welterweight title against Lloyd Christie, his professional fighting weight varied from 134 lb , i.e. lightweight to 140 lb , i.e. light welterweight. Mo Hussein was trained and managed by Jimmy Tibbs, and promoted by Frank Warren.

neg: Ron Waterman Ron Waterman (born November 23, 1965) is an American mixed martial artist, professional wrestler, and celebrity member of the Team Impact motivational group. He holds notable victories over Valentijn Overeem, Ricco Rodriguez, Kevin Randleman, and Mario Rinaldi. He was the only WEC Super Heavyweight Champion.

neg: Lamon Brewster Lamon Tajuan Brewster (born June 5, 1973) is an American former professional boxer who competed from 1996 to 2010. He held the WBO heavyweight title from 2004 to 2006, and is best known for scoring an upset knockout victory over Wladimir Klitschko to win the vacant title. As an amateur, Brewster won the U.S. national championships in 1995, and a silver medal at that year's Pan American Games, both in the heavyweight division. Following his retirement from the sport in 2011, he became an entrepreneur and founded a consulting business.

neg: Al Phillips Al "The Aldgate Tiger" Phillips (25 January 1920 – 7 February 1999) was a Jewish English professional feather/light/welterweight boxer of the 1930s, 1940s and 1950s, who won the British Boxing Board of Control (BBBofC) British featherweight title, European Boxing Union (EBU) featherweight title, and British Empire featherweight title, and was a challenger for the British Empire featherweight title, and BBBofC British featherweight title, against Nel Tarleton, and Ronnie Clayton, his professional fighting weight varied from 124+1/2 lb , i.e. featherweight to 137 lb , i.e. welterweight. Al Phillips was ranked as the Number-3 featherweight in the world by The Ring magazine.

neg: LaVerne Clark LaVerne Clark is an American mixed martial artist and a former professional boxer. Clark is a veteran of the Ultimate Fighting Championship, Maximum Fighting Championship and World Fighting Alliance. Clark holds a professional record of 27-21-1, with notable wins over Mac Danzig, Fabiano Iha, and Shonie Carter. He was the first professional boxer to be successful in the UFC.

neg: Don King (boxing promoter) Donald King (born August 20, 1931) is an American boxing promoter known for his involvement in historic boxing matchups. He has been a controversial figure, partly due to a manslaughter conviction (and later pardon), and civil cases against him.

neg: Josue Marquez Josue Marquez Acevedo (born November 30, year unknown) is a Puerto Rican who was once a world title challenging boxer. Not known for his punching power, (Marquez only won 7 of his 46 professional boxing fights by knockout), Marquez nevertheless gave many of the top boxers of his era trouble and managed to defeat a number of them.

neg: Kevin Randleman Kevin Christopher Randleman (August 10, 1971 – February 11, 2016) was an American mixed martial arts fighter and a former UFC Heavyweight Champion. Randleman's background was in collegiate wrestling, and he competed in the heavyweight and light heavyweight classes. Randleman had fought in the UFC, PRIDE, WVR, and Strikeforce. He was previously associated with Mark Coleman's Team Hammer House, before training at Randy Couture's gym in Las Vegas, Nevada.

neg: Vicente Rondón Vicente Paúl Rondón (July 29, 1938 – December 28, 1992) was a Venezuelan professional boxer who won the WBA light heavyweight title.

neg: Tim VanNewhouse Timothy 'Tim' Homes VanNewhouse (born February 14, 1986 in Cleveland, Ohio) is an American former professional lightweight boxer, who is a current professional boxing manager.

neg: Mark Nelson (boxing referee) Mark Nelson is a boxing referee from Maplewood, Minnesota. Nelson is sanctioned by the WBO, WBA, and IBF, and has been appointed to officiate over 80 world title fights.

neg: Buster Douglas James "Buster" Douglas (born April 7, 1960) is an American former professional boxer who competed from 1981 to 1990, and 1996 to 1999. He is best known for his stunning upset of Mike Tyson on February 11, 1990 in Tokyo to win the undisputed heavyweight title. At the time Tyson was undefeated and considered to be the best boxer in the world, as well as one of the most feared heavyweight champions in history due to his domination of the division over the previous three years. The only casino to make odds for the fight (all others declining to do so as they considered the fight such a foregone conclusion) had Douglas as a 42-to-1 underdog for the fight, making his victory, in commentator Jim Lampley's words, "The biggest upset in the history of heavyweight championship fights." Douglas held the title for eight months and two weeks, losing on October 25, 1990 to Evander Holyfield via third-round knockout, in his only title defense.

neg: Boxing at the 1988 Summer Olympics Boxing at the 1988 Summer Olympics took place in the "Chamshil Students' Gymnasium" in Seoul between September the 17th and October the 2nd. Twelve men's individual boxing events were contested, attended by 441 athletes and 159 officials from 106 countries. Cuba boycotted the 1988 Olympics which impacted the competition. The events were also notable for the controversial decision in the light middleweight championship bout between Roy Jones Jr. and Park Si-Hun and also for referee Keith Walker being attacked in the ring post fight after the Jong-Il Byun and Aleksandar Khristov bout.

neg: Lamont Pearson Lamont Pearson, (born February 18, 1971 in Washington, D.C.) is an American professional boxer who currently resides in Cheltenham, Maryland. His professional record stands at 23-4-1 with 12 knockouts. Each of his four losses have come to current or former world champions.

neg: Kenny Bayless Kenny Bayless (born 1950) is an American boxing referee from Nevada. He is best known for having refereed many of the sport's superfights, including Manny Pacquiao vs. Ricky Hatton, Oscar De La Hoya vs. Floyd Mayweather Jr., Ricky Hatton vs. Paulie Malignaggi, Miguel Cotto vs. Antonio Margarito, Manny Pacquiao vs. Miguel Cotto, as well as Floyd Mayweather Jr. vs. Manny Pacquiao. Bayless's catchphrase, when giving his instructions to the fighters before the opening bell, is "What I say you must obey."

neg: Tony Lopez (boxer) Tony "The Tiger" Lopez (born February 24, 1963), is a former professional boxer from Sacramento. He was a 3-Time World Boxing Champion. He is remembered for his victory in the 1988 "The Ring" Fight of the year by decision over Rocky Lockridge. He fought against Julio César Chávez in 1994 in Monterrey. He lost by TKO. Tony Lopez is now retired from boxing and runs a bail bond agency in Sacramento.

neg: Mike Tyson vs. Michael Spinks Mike Tyson vs. Michael Spinks was a boxing match which took place on Monday June 27, 1988. Both men were undefeated and each had a claim to being the legitimate heavyweight champion. At the time, Tyson held the belts of all three of the major sanctioning organizations (World Boxing Council, World Boxing Association, and International Boxing Federation) while Spinks was the "Ring" champion and was considered the lineal champion.


query: Between a Bearded Collie and a West Siberian Laika which dog originated in Ural and West Siberia?

pos: Bearded Collie The Bearded Collie, or Beardie, is a herding breed of dog once used primarily by Scottish shepherds, but now mostly a popular family companion.

pos: West Siberian Laika The West Siberian Laika or "WSL", is a breed of hunting dog and a breed of spitz type. Russian publications indicate that the term West Siberian Laika loosely applied to hunting dogs originating with the Mansi and Khanty people in Ural and West Siberia, but there were no standards or registrations of WSL as such until 1930. Then WWll disrupted it for a while, but "systematic breeding with registrations" resumed after the war ended, in 1946. This was the time the breed began taking modern shape. Before that hunters only knew of Mansi Laika and Khanty Laika. In early 1960 many hunters in Ural still preferred the term Mansi Laika, when speaking of West Siberian Laika. In Russian language, the term Laika originated from the word "layat" that means to bark. The word Laika simply means "barker". Any hunting Laika is a bark pointer (pointing at animal of interest by barking and staying with the animal ). It is a versatile dog depending on use and environment, but in certain parts of the country they have become more specialized.

neg: Pika A pika ( ; archaically spelled pica) is a small mammal, with short limbs, very round body, rounded ears, and no external tail. They resemble their close cousin the rabbit, but with shorter ears. They live in mountainous countries in Asia, with two species also in North America. Most pikas prefer rocky slopes. The large-eared pika of the Himalayas and nearby mountains is one of the highest living mammals, found at heights of more than 6000 m . Pikas graze on a range of plants, mostly grasses, flowers and young stems. In the autumn, they pull hay, soft twigs and other stores of food into their burrows to eat during the long, cold winter. The name "pika" is used for any member of the Ochotonidae, a family within the order of lagomorphs, which also includes the Leporidae (rabbits and hares). One genus, Ochotona, is recognised within the family, and it includes 30 species. It is also known as the "whistling hare" due to its high-pitched alarm call when diving into its burrow. In the United States, the pika is colloquially called a "coney", a nonspecific term also used for rabbits, hares, and hyraxes. The name "pika" appears to be derived from the Tungus "piika" and the scientific name "Ochotona" is from the Mongolian word "ogdoi" which means pika.

neg: Ural Swedes The Ural Swedes, (Swedish: "uralssvenskar" , Russian: Уральские шведы ) were Yaik Cossacks (later Orenburg Cossacks) with Swedish ancestry, related to the large groups of Swedish prisoners of the Great Northern War (1700–1721).

neg: Kurilian Bobtail The Kurilian Bobtail is a cat breed (or breed group, depending on registry) originating from the Kuril Islands, as well as Sakhalin Island and the Kamchatka peninsula of Russia. Short- or long-haired, it has a semi-cobby body type and a distinct short, fluffy tail. The back is slightly arched with hind legs longer than the front, similar to those of the Manx. The breed is also called the Kuril Islands Bobtail, Kuril Bobtail (both often misspelled "Kurile") and Curilsk Bobtail, and may be referred to without "Bobtail". It is sometimes also spelled Kurilean. The original short-haired variant is a natural breed, known on the islands for over 200 years. As selectively bred pets, they have been popular in Russia and to some extent other parts of Europe, especially for their rodent-hunting abilities, since the middle of the 20th century, but remain rare in North America as of 2011 .

neg: Dalmatian (dog) The Dalmatian is a breed of medium sized dog, noted for its unique black or liver spotted coat and mainly used as a carriage dog in its early days. Despite its name, there is little to no evidence that the breed originated in the historical region of Dalmatia. Today, it is a popular family pet and many dog enthusiasts enter Dalmatians into kennel club competitions.

neg: West Siberian taiga The West Siberian taiga ecoregion (WWF ID:PA0611) covers the West Siberian Plain in Russia, from the Ural mountains in the west to the Yenisei River in the east, and roughly from 56° N to 66° N latitude. It is a vast, flat lowland region of boreal forests (taiga), and wetlands (40% of the region is swamps and bogs), covering an area about 1,800 km west-east, by 1,000 km north-south.

neg: Brown Caucasian The Brown Caucasian (Russian: Kaвкaзcкaя бypaя, Kavkazskaya buraya ) is a cattle breed from the Caucasus (Armenia, Georgia, Azerbaijan and Dagestan (Russia)). Found in the Caucasus region the breed is the result of crossing Brown Swiss and Kostroma cattle onto the local cattle to produce a variable breed depending on the local stock, with strains for dairy and dairy-beef production.

neg: Russkiy Toy The Russian Toy (also known as the Russian Toy Terrier, and in Russia as the Russkiy Toy, Toychik,Russian: Русский той, Тойчик ) is a very small breed of dog originally bred in Russia from the English Toy Terrier which is known today as the Manchester Terrier. There are two types of coats in the breed: smooth coat and long coat. The smooth-coated variety was previously known as the Russian Toy Terrier and long-coated as the Moscow Long Haired Toy Terrier. Both were brought together under the same Russian Toy Terrier name in 1988 and the "Terrier" was dropped from the name when the breed was added in 2006 to the official list of breeds registered with the Fédération Cynologique Internationale and has been registered in the Foundation Stock Service of the American Kennel Club since 2008, allowed to compete in AKC companion events since 2010. The first official breed standard of the two varieties was written in 1966 in Russia.

neg: German Shepherd The German Shepherd (German: Deutscher Schäferhund , ] ) is a breed of medium to large-sized working dog that originated in Germany. The breed's officially recognized name is German Shepherd Dog in the English language (sometimes abbreviated as "GSD"). The breed is also known as the Alsatian in Britain and Ireland. The German Shepherd is a relatively new breed of dog, with their origin dating to 1899. As part of the Herding Group, German Shepherds are working dogs developed originally for herding sheep. Since that time however, because of their strength, intelligence, trainability, and obedience, German Shepherds around the world are often the preferred breed for many types of work, including disability assistance, search-and-rescue, police and military roles, and even acting. The German Shepherd is the second-most registered breed by the American Kennel Club and fourth-most registered breed by The Kennel Club in the United Kingdom.

neg: Bolonka Russian Tsvetnaya Bolonka (Russian: Болонка ), also known as the Bolonka Zwetna in Germany, is a rare toy breed of the Bichon type, developed in Moscow and Saint Petersburg, Russia from the ancestors of smaller dogs such as the Bichon, Toy Poodle, Shih Tzu, Pekingese and French Bolognese. They include the white version Franzuskaya Bolonka, which is a variation of the Italian Bolognese dog. "Franzuskaya" means French, "Zwetna" is the German term for "Tsvetnaya" and means multicolored, and "Bolonka" translates as "Bolognese" in a number of Slavic languages. The Bolonka has recently gained more fame by being the chosen breed of Prince William and Kate Middleton.

neg: Eurasier The Eurasier, or "Eurasian dog", is a breed of dog of spitz type that originated in Germany. It is widely known as a wonderful companion that maintains its own personality, has a dignified reserve to strangers, a strong bond to its family and that is relatively easy to train.

neg: Konni (dog) Konni (Russian: Ко́нни , 1999–2014), full name Connie Paulgrave (Ко́нни По́лгрейв ), also known as Connie, was a female black Labrador Retriever belonging to the President of Russia, Vladimir Putin. Konni was often seen at the President's side, including at staff meetings, and when Putin greeted world leaders during their visits to Russia.

neg: Borzoi The Borzoi ( , literally "fast"), also called the Russian wolfhound (Russian: Ру́сская псовая борзая ), is a breed of domestic dog ("Canis lupus familiaris"). Descended from dogs brought to Russia from central Asian countries, it is similar in shape to a greyhound, and is also a member of the sighthound family.

neg: Chuchunya Chuchunya is a hominid cryptid rumoured to exist in Siberia, Russia. It has been described as six to seven feet tall and covered with dark hair. Some cryptozoologists including Bernard Heuvelmans have speculated that Chuchunya may be a relict population of Neanderthal. Mark Hall, another cryptozoologist, has suggested surviving members of "Homo gardarensis". Conclusive evidence for the existence of the creature, has yet to be presented.

neg: Shih Tzu A Shih Tzu (English: ; ), also known as the Chrysanthemum Dog, is a toy dog breed, weighing 10–19 pounds (4.5–8.6kg) when fully grown. The exact origins of the breed are unknown, but it is thought to have originated in Tibet and then been developed in China.

neg: Cavalier King Charles Spaniel The Cavalier King Charles Spaniel is a small spaniel classed as a toy dog by The Kennel Club and the American Kennel Club. It originated in the United Kingdom and is one of the more popular breeds in many countries. Since 2000, it has grown in popularity in the United States and ranks as the 18th most popular pure-breed in the United States (2013 Registration Statistics). It has a silky, smooth coat and commonly a smooth undocked tail. The breed standard recognizes four colours: Blenheim (chestnut and white), Tricolor (black/white/tan), Black and Tan, and Ruby. The breed is generally friendly, affectionate and good with both children and other animals; however, they require a lot of human interaction. Since they are a family dog, it is recommended to not leave them alone for long periods at a time. The expected average lifespan of a Cavalier King Charles Spaniel is under ten years.

neg: Siberian large-toothed shrew The Siberian large-toothed shrew ("Sorex daphaenodon") is a species of shrew. An adult Siberian large-toothed shrew has a weight of 4.6-6.0 grams and a body length of 5.5-6.4 centimeters, with a tail of 2.4-3.75 centimeters. This species is found across Northeast Asia, from Mongolia through northeastern China to the Russian Far East and the Paektusan region of North Korea.

neg: Dhole The dhole /dəʊl/ ("Cuon alpinus") is a canid native to Central, South and Southeast Asia. Other English names for the species include Asiatic wild dog, Indian wild dog, whistling dog, red dog, and mountain wolf. It is genetically close to species within the genus "Canis", though its skull is convex rather than concave in profile, it lacks a third lower molar and the upper molars sport only a single cusp as opposed to two to four. During the Pleistocene, the dhole ranged throughout Asia, Europe and North America but became restricted to its historical range 12,000–18,000 years ago.

neg: Boston Terrier The Boston Terrier is a breed of dog originating in the United States. This "American Gentleman" was accepted in 1893 by the American Kennel Club as a non-sporting breed. Color and markings are important when distinguishing this breed to the AKC standard. They should be either black, brindle or seal with white markings. Bostons are small and compact with a short tail and erect ears. The AKC says they are highly intelligent and very easily trained. They are friendly and can be stubborn at times. The average life span of a Boston is around 11 to 13 years, though some can live well into their teens.

neg: Karelo-Finnish Laika The Karelo-Finnish Laika is a hunting dog breed from the Karelia area of Russia. It is sometimes referred to as a Finnish Spitz by the Finnish Kennel Club and by the Russian Kennel Federation.

neg: Hokkaido wolf The Hokkaido wolf ("Canis lupus hattai"), also known as the Ezo wolf (Japanese: エゾオオカミ（蝦夷狼）ー , Hepburn: Ezo Ōkami ) and in Russia as the Sakhalin wolf, is an extinct subspecies of gray wolf that once inhabited coastal north-east Asia. Its nearest relatives were the wolves of North America rather than Asia. It was exterminated in Hokkaidō during the Meiji Restoration period, when American-style agricultural reforms incorporated the use of strychnine-laced baits to kill livestock predators. Some taxonomists believe that it still survives on Sakhalin island. It was one of two subspecies that were once found in the Japanese archipelago, the other being the Japanese wolf.


query: What city and state was J.C. Ewing in when he served as coach for Baylor University?

pos: J. C. Ewing Joseph Chalmers Ewing (June 1, 1875 – April 5, 1965) was an American football and baseball coach. He served as the third head football coach at Baylor University, coaching in 1902 and compiling a record of 2–4–2. Ewing was also the first head baseball coach at Baylor, coaching the 1902 season and tallying a mark of 5–9.

pos: Baylor University Baylor University (BU) is a private Baptist university in Waco, Texas. Chartered in 1845 by the last Congress of the Republic of Texas, it is the oldest continuously-operating university in Texas and one of the first educational institutions west of the Mississippi River in the United States. Located on the banks of the Brazos River next to I-35, between the Dallas-Fort Worth Metroplex and Austin, the university's 1,000-acre campus is the largest Baptist university campus in the world.

neg: Hayden Fry John Hayden Fry (born February 28, 1929) is a former American football player and coach. He played college football for Baylor University. He served as the head coach at Southern Methodist University (1962–1972), North Texas State University, now the University of North Texas (1973–1978), and the University of Iowa (1979–1998), compiling a career college football record of 232–178–10. He was inducted into the College Football Hall of Fame as a coach in 2003.

neg: Livingston, Texas Livingston is a city in and the county seat of Polk County, Texas, United States. With a population of 5,335 at the 2010 census, it is the largest city in Polk County. It is located approximately seventy-five miles north of Houston and was originally settled in 1835 as Springfield. Its name was changed to Livingston and became the county seat of Polk County in 1846.

neg: Chicago State University Chicago State University (CSU) is a state university of the U.S. state of Illinois, located in Chicago. The University is a member-school of Thurgood Marshall College Fund.

neg: Balch Springs, Texas Balch Springs ( or ) is a city in Dallas County, Texas, United States. It is a suburb of Dallas and part of the Dallas–Fort Worth metroplex. The population was 23,728 at the 2010 census.

neg: University Park, Texas University Park is an affluent city in Dallas County, Texas, United States, an inner northern suburb of Dallas. The population was 23,068 at the 2010 census. The city is home to Southern Methodist University.

neg: Houston Houston ( ) is the most populous city in the U.S. state of Texas and the fourth-most populous city in the United States. With a census-estimated 2016 population of 2.303 million within an area of 667 sqmi , it is also the largest city in the southern United States and the seat of Harris County. Located in Southeast Texas near the Gulf of Mexico, it is the principal city of the Greater Houston metro area, which is the fifth-most populated MSA in the United States.

neg: 1997 Baylor Bears football team The 1997 Baylor Bears football team (variously "Baylor", "BU", or the "Bears") represented Baylor University in the 1997 NCAA Division I-A football season. They were represented in the Big 12 Conference in the South Division. They played their home games at Floyd Casey Stadium in Waco, Texas. They were coached by head coach Dave Roberts.

neg: Ewing Park, New Jersey Ewing Park is a neighborhood located within Ewing Township in Mercer County, New Jersey, United States. It is located immediately south of The College of New Jersey.

neg: Scotland, Texas Scotland is a city in Archer County in the U.S. state of Texas. It is part of the Wichita Falls, Texas Metropolitan Statistical Area. The population was 501 at the 2010 census. The town is named for its founder, Henry J. Scott.

neg: Seminole, Texas Seminole is a city in and the county seat of Gaines County in Texas, United States. The population was 6,430 at the 2010 census.

neg: Addison, Texas Addison is an incorporated town in Dallas County, Texas, in the United States. Addison is situated to the immediate north of the city of Dallas. The town's population was 13,056 at the 2010 census. Addison and Flower Mound were the only two Texas towns with a population greater than 10,000 in the 2010 census; since then the towns of Prosper and Trophy Club have also exceeded 10,000 in population estimates. Addison is best-known within the Dallas-Fort Worth Metroplex region for its abundance of restaurants and nightlife.

neg: Denton, Texas Denton is a city in and the county seat of Denton County, Texas. As of the 2010 United States Census, its population was 113,383, making it the 27th-most populous city in Texas and the 12th-largest city in the Dallas–Fort Worth metroplex.

neg: Richardson, Texas Richardson is a principal city in Dallas and Collin counties in the U.S. state of Texas. As of the 2015 American Community Survey, the city had a total population of 106,123. Richardson is an affluent inner suburb of Dallas and home of The University of Texas at Dallas (UTD) and the Telecom Corridor® with a high concentration of telecommunications companies. More than 5,000 businesses have operations within Richardson's 28 sqmi , including many of the world's largest telecommunications/networking companies: AT&T, Verizon, Cisco Systems, Samsung, ZTE, MetroPCS, Texas Instruments, Qorvo, and Fujitsu. Richardson's largest employment base is provided by the insurance industry, with Blue CrossBlue Shield of Texas' headquarters located in the community along with a regional hub for GEICO, regional offices for United Healthcare and one of State Farm Insurance's three national regional hubs.

neg: Dallas Dallas ( ) is a city in the U.S. state of Texas. It is the most populous city in the Dallas–Fort Worth metroplex, which is the fourth most populous metropolitan area in the United States. The city's population ranks ninth in the U.S. and third in Texas after Houston and San Antonio. The city's prominence arose from its historical importance as a center for the oil and cotton industries, and its position along numerous railroad lines. The bulk of the city is in Dallas County, of which it is the county seat; however, sections of the city are located in Collin, Denton, Kaufman, and Rockwall counties. According to the 2010 United States Census, the city had a population of 1,197,816. The United States Census Bureau's estimate for the city's population increased to 1,317,929 as of July 1, 2016.

neg: Baylor Bears football The Baylor Bears football team represents Baylor University in Division I FBS college football. They are a member of the Big 12 Conference. After 64 seasons at the off-campus Floyd Casey Stadium, the Bears opened the new on-campus McLane Stadium for the 2014 season.

neg: University of Texas at Arlington The University of Texas at Arlington (UTA or UT Arlington) is a public research university located in Arlington, Texas. The campus is in the Dallas–Fort Worth–Arlington metropolitan area, and is adjacent to downtown Arlington. The university was founded in 1895 and was in the Texas A&M University System for several decades until joining The University of Texas System in 1965.

neg: Bishop College Bishop College was a historically black college, founded in Marshall, Texas, United States, in 1881 to serve students in east Texas, where the majority of the black population lived. In 1961 it moved to Dallas, and the big city setting helped it attract more students. It operated until 1988, when a financial scandal caused it to lose accreditation and funding.

neg: Garrison, Texas Garrison is a city in Nacogdoches County, Texas, United States. The population was 895 at the 2010 census.

neg: Texas State University Texas State University is a public research university located in San Marcos, Texas, United States. Established in 1899 as the Southwest Texas State Normal School, it opened in 1903 to 303 students. Since that time it has grown into the largest institution in the Texas State University System and the fifth-largest university in the state of Texas with an enrollment of over 38,000 students for the 2015 fall semester. It has 10 colleges and about 50 schools and departments, including nationally recognized programs in Geography, Criminal Justice and Music.

neg: McGregor, Texas McGregor is a city in McLennan and Coryell counties in the U.S. state of Texas. The population was 4,987 at the 2010 census.


query: Which did Carolyn Janice Cherry write first. "Cyteen" or "Wizard Spawn"?

pos: The Sword of Knowledge The Sword of Knowledge is a trilogy of shared world fantasy novels credited to the authors C. J. Cherryh, Leslie Fish, Nancy Asire, and Mercedes Lackey. The three novels in the series were all published by Baen Books in 1989: "A Dirge for Sabis" (Cherryh and Fish), "Wizard Spawn" (Cherryh and Asire), and "Reap the Whirlwind" (Cherryh and Lackey). The books were first released as a complete trilogy in an omnibus edition in 1995.

pos: C. J. Cherryh Carolyn Janice Cherry (born September 1, 1942), better known by the pen name C. J. Cherryh, is an American writer of speculative fiction. She has written more than 60 books since the mid-1970s, including the Hugo Award-winning novels "Downbelow Station" (1981) and "Cyteen" (1988), both set in her Alliance-Union universe. She is known for "world building," depicting fictional realms with great realism supported by vast research in history, language, psychology, and archeology. Her series of fantasy novels set in the Alliance-Union universe, the Morgaine Stories, have sold in excess of 3 million copies.

neg: The Wizard of Lemuria The Wizard of Lemuria is a fantasy novel by American writer Lin Carter, the first book of his "Thongor series" set on the fictional ancient lost continent of Lemuria. The author's first published novel, it was initially issued in paperback by Ace Books in 1965. The author afterwards revised and expanded the text, in which form it was reissued as Thongor and the Wizard of Lemuria, first published in paperback by Berkley Books in 1969. This retitled and revised edition became the standard edition for later reprintings. The novel was also adapted into comic form, appearing in eight issues of Marvel's "Creatures on the Loose".

neg: Rocannon's World Rocannon's World is the first novel by American writer Ursula K. Le Guin. It was published in 1966 as an Ace Double, along with Avram Davidson's "The Kar-Chee Reign," following the tête-bêche format. Though it is one of Le Guin's many works set in the universe of the technological Hainish Cycle, the story itself has many elements of heroic fantasy. The hero Gaveral Rocannon encounters lords who live in castles and wield swords, and other races much like fairies and gnomes, in his travels on a backward planet.

neg: Craig Strete Craig Kee Strete (born 6 May 1950) is a science fiction writer of Cherokee descent. He is noted for his use of American Indian themes and has had multiple Nebula Award nominations.

neg: Child Christopher and Goldilind the Fair Child Christopher and Goldilind the Fair is a fantasy novel by William Morris, perhaps the first modern fantasy writer to unite an imaginary world with the element of the supernatural, and thus the precursor of much of present-day fantasy literature. It was first published in hardcover by Morris' Kelmscott Press in 1895. Its importance in the history of fantasy literature was recognized by its republication by the Newcastle Publishing Company as the twelfth volume of the celebrated Newcastle Forgotten Fantasy Library in April, 1977.

neg: Julian May Julian Clare May (born July 10, 1931) is an American science fiction, fantasy, horror, science and children's writer who also uses several literary pseudonyms, best known for her "Saga of Pliocene Exile" ("Saga of the Exiles" in the United Kingdom) and "Galactic Milieu Series" books.

neg: Donita K. Paul Donita Kathleen Paul (born November 20, 1950) is a best-selling contemporary Christian fiction novelist. Best known for her fantasy "DragonKeeper Chronicles" series, she won a finalist medal in the Christy Awards for the first installment of the "DragonKeeper Chronicles", "DragonSpell." She has also written romances and juvenile novels under the name Kathleen Paul. Born in Lawrence, Kansas, Paul now lives in eastern Colorado.

neg: Carolyn Treffinger Carolyn Treffinger (  1930 ) was an American children's author. Her most notable work was "Li Lun, Lad of Courage", which was published in 1947 and won a Newbery Honor in 1948. It was illustrated by Kurt Wiese, and also won a Lewis Carroll Shelf Award in 1959.

neg: Dorothy Morrison (author) Dorothy Morrison (born May 6, 1955) is an author and teacher in the fields of magic, Wicca and Neo-Paganism. She is a Third Degree Wiccan High Priestess of the Georgian Tradition, and founded the Coven of the Crystal Garden in 1986. She is a member of the Coven of the Raven, and studies the RavenMyst Circle Tradition. Originally from Texas, she is an expert archer, a former staff writer for several bow-hunting magazines, and winner of three State Championship titles (Arkansas, Tennessee and Illinois). She has also been an administrator for the Humane Society. She is a member of the Pagan Poets Society and a charter member of M.A.G.I.C., a magical writers and artists organization. Her work has been published in many journals and magazines, including Circle Network News, SageWoman, and Crone Chronicles. She presently lives in Northern Virginia with her husband Mark.

neg: Ealdwood Stories The Ealdwood Stories, also known as the Arafel Stories, are a collection of fantasy works by American writer C. J. Cherryh. The books are works of high fantasy based in part on Celtic mythology. Arafel, a main character, is a Daoine Sidhe, the highest of the Sidhe faery-folk. She dwells in the magical small forest of Ealdwood, from which the tales take their name.

neg: Cuckoo's Egg Cuckoo's Egg is a science fiction novel by American writer C. J. Cherryh. The book was published by DAW Books in 1985, and there was also a limited hardcover printing by Phantasia Press in the same year. The book was nominated for the Hugo Award and longlisted the Locus Award for Best Novel. It was later reprinted along with Cherryh's novel "Serpent's Reach" in the 2005 omnibus volume "The Deep Beyond".

neg: Hammerfall (novel) Hammerfall is a science fiction novel by American science fiction and fantasy author C. J. Cherryh . It was first published in June 2001 in the United States by HarperCollins under its Eos Books imprint. It was also serialized in two parts as "Ribelle Genetico" and "Il Pianeta del Deserto" in the Italian science fiction magazine, "Urania", published in issue 1425 in October 2001, and issue 1430 in January 2002, respectively.

neg: Legends are Made, Not Born Legends are Made, Not Born is a d20 Dungeon Crawl Classics adventure written for "Dungeons & Dragons" by Chris Doyle. It is the first DCC to feature 0-level characters (PCs with 1 level in an NPC class).

neg: Talking to Dragons Talking to Dragons is a young adult fantasy novel, the fourth and final book in the "Enchanted Forest Chronicles" by Patricia Wrede, although it was published first, in 1985. It is told in first person from the point of view of sixteen-year-old Daystar, son of Cimorene, a woman who lives at the edge of the Enchanted Forest.

neg: The Cold Equations "The Cold Equations" is a science fiction short story by American writer Tom Godwin, first published in "Astounding Magazine" in 1954. In 1970, the Science Fiction Writers of America selected it as one of the best science-fiction short stories published before 1965, and it was therefore included in "The Science Fiction Hall of Fame, Volume One, 1929–1964".

neg: C. J. Cherryh bibliography American writer C. J. Cherryhs career began with publication of her first books in 1976, "Gate of Ivrel" and "Brothers of Earth". She has been a prolific science fiction and fantasy author since then, publishing over 60 novels, short-story compilations, with continuing production as her blog attests. Ms. Cherryh has received the Hugo and Locus Awards for some of her novels.

neg: Pern Pern is a fictional planet created by Anne McCaffrey beginning in the 1960s, the setting for the "Dragonriders of Pern" series of science fiction books. In the story it is "Rukbat 3", the third planet in orbit around the star Rukbat, counting outward.

neg: Ursula K. Le Guin Ursula Kroeber Le Guin ( ; born October 21, 1929) is an American author of novels, children's books, and short stories, mainly in the genres of fantasy and science fiction. She has also written poetry and essays. First published in the 1960s, her work has often depicted futuristic or imaginary alternative worlds in politics, the natural environment, gender, religion, sexuality and ethnography. In 2016, "The New York Times" described her as "America's greatest living science fiction writer", although she has said she would prefer to be known as an "American novelist".

neg: Deryni Rising Deryni Rising is a historical fantasy novel by American-born author Katherine Kurtz. It was first published by Ballantine Books as the nineteenth volume of the Ballantine Adult Fantasy series in August 1970, and was reprinted at least ten times over the next three decades. In 2004, the author released a revised and updated edition of the novel that was published by Ace Books. "Deryni Rising" was the first of Kurtz' Deryni novels to be published, though some of her later works served as prequels, detailing events that occurred before the time period of "Deryni Rising". As a result, the storyline of the "Childe Morgan Trilogy" immediately precedes "Deryni Rising", despite the fact that it was published over thirty years after the first novel.

neg: The Matter of Seggri "The Matter of Seggri" is a science fiction novelette by American writer Ursula K. Le Guin. It was first published in 1994 in the third issue of "Crank!", a science fiction – fantasy anthology, and has since been printed in number of other publications. In 2002, it was published in Le Guin's collection of short stories "The Birthday of the World: and Other Stories". “The Matter of Seggri” won the James Tiptree Jr. Award in 1994 for exploring "Gender-Bending" and has been nominated for many other honors, including the Nebula Award.

neg: The Merchanter novels The Merchanter novels are several loosely connected novels by science fiction and fantasy author C. J. Cherryh set in her Alliance-Union universe. These science fiction novels explore her merchanter subculture: the extended families that own and operate the ships that supply goods, transportation, news and trade to the various worlds and space stations in the human Earth, Alliance and Union space. The novels are related by a common setting and theme – a misfit (made so by circumstance) who finds his or her proper home – rather than plot and character; none of the books is a direct sequel of another in the conventional sense.


query: Canadian independent alternative rock, ska, and reggae rock band released their album R.E.V.O. on what date?

pos: R.E.V.O. (EP) R.E.V.O. is an EP by Canadian indie band Walk off the Earth which was released on 30 October 2012 through Columbia Records.

pos: Walk off the Earth Walk Off the Earth is a Canadian independent alternative rock, ska, and reggae rock band from Burlington, Ontario. They are known for their music videos of covers and originals. The band is well known for its covers of pop genre music on YouTube, making use of uncommon instruments such as the ukulele and the theremin, as well as looping samples. The band's recorded music and videos are produced by member and multi-instrumentalist, Gianni "Luminati" Nicassio.

neg: Ra McGuire Ramon Wayne "Ra" McGuire (born June 13, 1950) is a Canadian singer, songwriter, author, and founding and longtime member of the rock band Trooper. Ra (pronounced "Ray") has performed with Trooper and Brian Smith from 1975, when their first album was released, to the present day.

neg: The Expos The Expos are a Canadian reggae band from Newmarket, Ontario.

neg: DVSR DVSR are an Australian Rap metal band from South-western Sydney, New South Wales. They were formed in November 2013, and released their debut studio album "D.V.S.R." in November 2015.

neg: Jamaican Funk—Canadian Style Jamaican Funk—Canadian Style is the debut album of Canadian emcee Michie Mee, in collaboration with DJ L.A. Luv, released May 14, 1991. It was released on First Priority/Atlantic Records in the United States, where 60,000 copies were sold. The album, which also featured dancehall reggae music, was nominated for Rap Recording of the Year at the 1992 Juno Awards. The only single, "Jamaican Funk," was released in 1990.

neg: Bedouin Soundclash Bedouin Soundclash is a Canadian band currently based in Toronto. Their sound can be described as reggae and ska.

neg: Smooth Like Stone on a Beach Smooth Like Stone on a Beach is the debut album by Canadian reggae band Walk Off the Earth, released on December 31, 2007 through SlapDash Records.

neg: The Rabid Whole Currently based in Toronto, Ontario, Canada, The Rabid Whole (also known by the acronym TRW) is a band that plays a mixture of rock, industrial, electronica, and alternative music.

neg: The Midway State The Midway State is a Canadian alternative rock band from Collingwood/Wasaga Beach, Ontario. The band is signed to Remedy Records worldwide and to Universal Publishing for the world outside North America. The band released their debut album "Holes" in 2008. Their second album, "Paris or India", was released on 19 July 2011.

neg: Stand (R.E.M. song) "Stand" is a song by the American alternative rock band R.E.M., released as the second single from the album "Green" in 1989. The song peaked at number six on the "Billboard" Hot 100, becoming R.E.M.'s second top 10 hit in the United States. The song reached number 48 on the UK Singles Chart and number 16 in Canada. It was placed on R.E.M.'s Warner Bros. Records "best of" album "" in 2003.

neg: Redeye Empire Redeye Empire is a rock-reggae band from Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada.

neg: Ready Records Ready Records was a small but influential independent record label based out of Toronto, Canada that signed a number of new wave and indie rock bands from the early to mid-1980s. Focusing primarily on local Toronto-area talent, it released 7" and 12" singles, LPs, and cassettes. Founded in 1979 by Angus MacKay and Andy Crosbie, the label existed between 1979 and 1985, when it folded.

neg: July Fourth Toilet July Fourth Toilet is a band from Vancouver, Canada. They are an experimental act that can be loosely described as rock, although they incorporate elements of several styles of music.

neg: Razor (band) Razor is a Canadian speed metal band formed in 1983 at Guelph, Ontario. Pioneers of Canadian thrash metal, Razor has been referred to as one of the country's "big four", alongside Sacrifice, Voivod and Annihilator. The group shot music videos for songs such as "Evil Invaders", "Shotgun Justice", "American Luck", and "Sucker for Punishment". The band dissolved in 1992, but reformed in the late 1990s to record another album, titled "Decibels", in 1997.

neg: Figure IV Entertainment Figure IV Entertainment was a Canadian independent record label, specializing in hip hop music.

neg: V E Records V E Records is an independent record label and online store based in the US state of Texas, specializing in R&B and Hip Hop and related genres. They have released albums, singles, and compilations.

neg: The Lovvers LP The Lovvers LP is the debut studio album by Canadian noise rock band AIDS Wolf, released in 2006.

neg: Kick Axe Kick Axe is a Canadian heavy metal band from Regina, Saskatchewan. Influenced by rambunctious arena rock from the 70s and early 80s, the group is perhaps best known for their 1984 album "Vices", praised by publications such as Allmusic for its "down-and-dirty guitar riffs" and notably managing to crack the American market. The band achieved moderate commercial success in the mid-1980s on the strength of the singles "Heavy Metal Shuffle", "On the Road to Rock", and "Rock The World". Following the release of their 1986 album "Rock the World", Kick Axe disbanded and remained on hiatus for many years. In 2004, they re-emerged with the album "Kick Axe IV".

neg: Arkells Arkells are a Canadian rock band, formed in Hamilton, Ontario. In 2006, they signed with Dine Alone Records, and have since signed with Universal Records Canada. They have released four albums, two EPs and a number of singles that have charted in Canada. The band has won multiple Juno Awards, including one for their album "High Noon" in 2015.

neg: The Strumbellas The Strumbellas are a Canadian rock band, whose music has been described as alternative country, indie rock, and "gothic folk".

neg: It Came from Canada It Came from Canada is a series of compilation albums, released on Og Music in the 1980s, which featured music by independent, alternative and punk bands from Canada.


query: Are Millard Webb and Philippe Garrel from the same country?

pos: Millard Webb Millard Webb (6 December 1893 – 21 April 1935), was an American screenwriter and director. He directed 20 films between 1920 and 1933. His best-known film is the 1926 silent John Barrymore adventure "The Sea Beast" costarring Dolores Costello. Webb also directed the early sound Florenz Ziegfeld produced talkie "Glorifying the American Girl" released by Paramount in 1929. His active years were from 1916 to 1933.

pos: Philippe Garrel Philippe Garrel (] ; born 6 April 1948) is a French director, cinematographer, screenwriter, film editor and producer, associated with New Wave movement. His films have won him awards at the prestigious Cannes Film Festival and Venice Film Festival.

neg: George-Frédéric-Théophile Baillairgé George-Frédéric-Théophile Baillairgé (16 October 1824 – 7 December 1909) was from a

neg: James Webb (South African artist) James Webb (born June 20, 1975 in Kimberley, Northern Cape) is a South African artist best known for his interventions and installations incorporating sound. Webb also works as a sound designer, curator and teacher. His sound installations place special emphasis on the sourcing and presentation of the sound clips, as well as the social significance and context of these sounds. Often referred to as a "collector of sounds," Webb is interested in the role that aural events play in our everyday life. The physical presentation of the work, including the installation space and the logistics of speakers, are also deliberate choices for Webb.

neg: Rita Webb Rita Webb (born Olive Rita Thompson; 25 February 1904 – 30 August 1981) was an English character actress, mainly in comedy roles. She was the eldest child of Henry Augustus Webb (1880–1926) and Rose Jeannette Keysor. She had a younger brother, Henry Richard Webb, also an actor, and two elder identical twin half-brothers, Leslie and Gordon Durlacher, from her mother's first marriage to Samuel Durlacher. She was the niece of Leonard Keysor, the first Jewish serviceman to win the Victoria Cross in the First World War. A half-brother was the actor George Webb.

neg: Matthew Webb Captain Matthew Webb (19 January 1848 – 24 July 1883) was the first recorded person to swim the English Channel without the use of artificial aids for sport purpose. On 25 August 1875, Webb swam from Dover to Calais in less than 22 hours.

neg: Russell Webb (water polo) Russell Irving "Russ" Webb (born June 1, 1945) is a retired water polo player from the United States. He played in two consecutive Summer Olympics for his native country, starting in 1968. He won a bronze medal with the Men's National Team at the 1972 Summer Olympics in Munich, West Germany.

neg: Simon Webb (footballer) Simon Webb (born 19 January 1978 in County Mayo) is a retired Irish footballer.

neg: Philippe Wahl Philippe Wahl is a French business executive. Having previously been a government advisor and bank executive, in September 2013 he was appointed president and chief executive officer of La Poste, the group which includes the French postal service.

neg: Reg Webb Reginald William "Reg" Webb (born 17 May 1947) is an English musician and singer-songwriter. He achieved success not only with his own band Fusion (which later became The Reg Webb Band and featured Nik Kershaw), but also touring with Lenny Kravitz, The Outfield, Suzi Quatro, Vanessa Paradis and others. He is also part of a duo called 'Short People'.

neg: Juan Orol Juan Rogelio García García, better known as Juan Orol (August 4, 1897 in Lalín, Pontevedra, Spain – May 26, 1988 in Mexico City, Mexico) was a Mexican-Spanish actor, producer, screenwriter and film director. He was known as "The King of the Mexican Film noir". He was also known as "The Involuntary Surrealist". He was a pioneer of the Mexican cinema's first talkies and one of the main promoters of the Rumberas film in the "Golden Age of Mexican cinema". His films have been described as cult films.

neg: Philippe Petit Philippe Petit (] ; born 13 August 1949) is a French high-wire artist who gained fame for his high-wire walk between the Twin Towers of the World Trade Center in New York City, on the morning of August 7, 1974. For his unauthorized feat 1350 ft above the ground – which he referred to as "le coup" – he rigged a 450 lb cable and used a custom-made 26 ft long, 55 lb balancing pole. He performed for 45 minutes, making eight passes along the wire. The following week, he celebrated his 25th birthday. All charges were dismissed in exchange for him doing a performance in Central Park for children.

neg: Sam Webb (boxer) Sam Webb (born 11 April 1981) is an English professional boxer fighting in the light middleweight division. He is a former holder of the British light middleweight title.

neg: Gary Webb Gary Stephen Webb (August 31, 1955 – December 10, 2004) was an American investigative journalist.

neg: Ryan Millard Ryan Millard (born 13 March 1987 in Hurstville, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia) is a Fijian rugby league player for the Wests Magpies in the New South Wales Cup. He plays as a five-eighth or full-back, and can also play as a centre or on the wing. He is a Fijian international.

neg: Philippe Paul Philippe Paul (born 25 January 1965) is a member of the Senate of France, representing the Finistère department. He is a member of the Union for a Popular Movement.

neg: Verre (restaurant) Verre, also known as Gordon Ramsay at the Hilton Dubai Creek, was a restaurant operated by chef Gordon Ramsay which was located within the Hilton Dubai Creek. It was the first overseas restaurant to be opened by Ramsay, and was in operation for ten years between 2001 and 2011. It was a combined operation between Hilton and Ramsay, with the celebrity chef taking a percentage of the takings each month and Hilton drawing up staffing salaries and arranging the decor of the restaurant. These would both cause problems as Ramsay disliked the decor, and had to initially pay supplements to his staff to prevent them from leaving due to the lower wages paid by Hilton. Amongst the head chefs who worked at Verre, Angela Hartnett and Jason Atherton both went on to win Michelin stars upon their return to the UK. The restaurant was positively received by critics and was named the best restaurant in the Middle East in 2010.

neg: Gaston Alexandre Auguste, Marquis de Galliffet Gaston Alexandre Auguste, Marquis de Galliffet, Prince de Martigues (Paris, 23 January 1830 – 8 July 1909), was a French general, best known for having taken part in the repression of the 1871 Paris Commune. He was Minister of War in Waldeck-Rousseau's cabinet at the turn of the century, which caused a controversy in the socialist movement, since independent socialist Alexandre Millerand also took part in the same government, and was thus side by side with the "Fusilleur de la Commune" (the "Commune's executioner").

neg: Philippe Vigier Philippe Vigier (born February 3, 1958 in Valence, Drôme) is a member of the National Assembly of France. He represents the Eure-et-Loire department, and is a member of the Union of Democrats and Independents. He was formerly a member of the New Centre and UDF. He is the mayor of Cloyes-sur-le-Loir, Eure-et-Loire.

neg: Anne Garrels Anne Garrels (born July 2, 1951) was a long-time foreign correspondent for National Public Radio in the United States.

neg: B. Linden Webb Bernard Linden Webb (25 November 1884 – 28 June 1968) was an Australian Christian minister and pacifist. During both World Wars he resigned from active ministry within the Methodist Church of Australasia because of his opposition to his nation's military engagement.

neg: Hubert Webb (cricketer) Hubert Eustace "Hughie" Webb (30 May 1927 – 8 November 2010) was a pioneering professor of neurovirology at St Thomas's Hospital in London who was an outstanding sportsman in his student days.


query: Christian III reined as king of both Denmark and which other country?

pos: Christian III (disambiguation) Christian III generally refers to Christian III of Denmark. It may also refer to:

pos: Christian III of Denmark Christian III (12 August 1503 – 1 January 1559) reigned as king of Denmark from 1534 until his death and Norway from 1537 until his death. During his reign, Christian established Lutheranism as the state religion within his realms as part of the Protestant Reformation.

neg: John, King of Denmark John (Danish and Norwegian: "Hans" ; Swedish: "Johan" ; né "Johannes") (2 February 1455 – 20 February 1513) was a Scandinavian monarch under the Kalmar Union. He was King of Denmark (1481–1513), Norway (1483–1513) and as John II (Swedish: "Johan II" ) Sweden (1497–1501). From 1482 to 1513, he was concurrently Duke of Schleswig and Holstein in joint rule with his brother Frederick. He currently remains the only King of Denmark since the mid-15th century to not be named Christian or Frederick, if one does not include the current Queen of Denmark, Margrethe II.

neg: 1863 in Denmark Events from the year 1863 in Denmark.

neg: History of Denmark The history of Denmark as a unified kingdom began in the 8th century, but historic documents describe the geographic area and the people living there—the Danes—as early as 500 AD. These early documents include the writings of Jordanes and Procopius. With the Christianization of the Danes c. 960 AD, it is clear that there existed a kingship in Scandinavia, controlling the current Danish territory roughly speaking. Queen Margrethe II can trace her lineage back to the Viking kings Gorm the Old and Harald Bluetooth from this time, thus making the Monarchy of Denmark the oldest in Europe. The area now known as Denmark has a rich prehistory, having been populated by several prehistoric cultures and people for about 12,000 years, since the end of the last ice age.

neg: Abel, King of Denmark Abel of Denmark (1218 – 29 June 1252) was Duke of Schleswig from 1232 to 1252 and King of Denmark from 1250 until his death in 1252. He was the son of Valdemar II by his second wife, Berengária of Portugal, and brother to Eric IV and Christopher I.

neg: Harald III of Denmark Harald III (Harald the Whetstone, Danish: "Harald Hen" ;  1040 – April 17, 1080) was King of Denmark from 1076 to 1080. Harald III was an illegitimate son of Danish king Sweyn II Estridsson, and contested the crown with some of his brothers. He was a peaceful ruler who initiated a number of reforms. Harald was married to his cousin Margareta Hasbjörnsdatter, but did not leave any heirs, and was succeeded by his brother Canute IV the Saint. Four of his half-brothers were in turn crowned Danish kings.

neg: Religion in Denmark Of all the religions in Denmark, the most prominent is Christianity in the form of the Evangelical Lutheran Church of Denmark (Dansk Folkekirke), the state religion. Hence, Denmark is a non-secular state as there is a clear link between the church and the state with a Minister for Ecclesiastical Affairs. However, pockets of virtually all faiths can be found among the population. The second largest faith is Islam, due to immigration since 1980. In general, however, Danes feel themselves as secular, and church attendance is generally low.

neg: Danish Gold Coast The Danish Gold Coast (Danish: "Danske Guldkyst" or "Dansk Guinea") denotes the colonies that Denmark-Norway controlled in Africa as a part of the Gold Coast (roughly present-day southeast Ghana), which is on the petroleum and natural gas rich Gulf of Guinea. It was colonized by the Dano-Norwegian fleet, first under indirect rule by the Danish West India Company (a chartered company), later as a crown colony of the kingdom of Denmark-Norway.

neg: China–Denmark relations China–Denmark relations are foreign relations between China and Denmark. Denmark recognized the People's Republic of China on January 9, 1950 and the two countries established diplomatic relations on May 11, 1950. Denmark was the first Western country to establish diplomatic ties with China. On February 15, 1956, the two countries upgraded diplomatic relations from ministerial to ambassadorial level and exchanged ambassadors. China has an embassy in Copenhagen. Denmark has an embassy in Beijing and 4 general consulates in Chongqing, Guangzhou, Hong Kong and Shanghai.

neg: Margaret of Denmark, Queen of Scotland Margaret of Denmark (23 June 1456 – 14 July 1486), also referred to as Margaret of Norway, was Queen of Scotland from 1469 to 1486 by marriage to King James III. She was the daughter of Christian I, King of Denmark, Norway and Sweden, and Dorothea of Brandenburg.

neg: Harthacnut Harthacnut (Danish: Hardeknud ; "Tough-knot"; c.1018 – 8 June 1042), sometimes referred to as Canute III, was King of Denmark from 1035 to 1042 and King of England from 1040 to 1042.

neg: Frederick IX of Denmark Frederick IX (Christian Frederik Franz Michael Carl Valdemar Georg; 11 March 1899 – 14 January 1972) was King of Denmark from 1947 to 1972.

neg: Margaret I of Denmark Margaret I (Danish: "Margrete Valdemarsdatter" , Norwegian: "Margrete Valdemarsdatter" , Swedish: "Margareta Valdemarsdotter" , Icelandic: "Margrét Valdimarsdóttir" ; 1353 – 28 October 1412), was queen consort of Norway 1363-1380 and Sweden 1363-1364, and later ruler in her own right of Denmark, Norway and Sweden, from which later period there are ambiguities regarding her specific titles. She was the founder of the Kalmar Union, which spanned Scandinavia for over a century. Margaret was known as a wise, energetic and capable leader, earning the nickname "Semiramis of the North", or "the Lady King". Though the latter was a derisive nickname invented by her rival Albert of Mecklenburg, it became widely used in recognition of her capabilities.

neg: Counties of Denmark The Counties of Denmark (Danish: "Danmarks amter" ) were former subdivisions of metropolitan Denmark, used primarily for administrative regions, with each county having its own council with substantial powers. Originally there had been twenty-four counties, but the number was reduced to roughly fourteen in 1970 - the number fluctuated slightly over the next three decades. In 2006 there were thirteen traditional counties as well as three municipalities with county status (the island of Bornholm, which was a county from 1660 until 2002, became a "regional municipality" with county powers, but only briefly from 2003 until 2006). On January 1, 2007, the counties were abolished and replaced by five larger "regions".

neg: Vejle County Vejle Amt (English "Vejle County") is a former county (Danish: "amt") on the east coast of the Jutland peninsula in southern Denmark. The county was abolished effective January 1, 2007, when it was divided between Region Midtjylland (i.e. "Region Central Jutland") and Region of Southern Denmark. Vejle became the seat of the latter region.

neg: Frederick V of Denmark Frederick V (Danish and Norwegian: "Frederik"; 31 March 172314 January 1766) was king of Denmark-Norway and Duke of Schleswig-Holstein from 1746 until his death. He was the son of Christian VI of Denmark and Sophia Magdalene of Brandenburg-Kulmbach.

neg: Prince Harald of Denmark Prince Harald of Denmark ("Harald Christian Frederik"; 8 October 1876 - 30 March 1949) was a member of the Danish Royal Family. He was the third son of Frederick VIII of Denmark and his wife, Lovisa of Sweden, and thus brother to Christian X of Denmark.

neg: Christian I (disambiguation) Christian I generally refers to Christian I of Denmark. It may also refer to:

neg: Peder Griffenfeld Count Peder Griffenfeld (before ennoblement Peder Schumacher) (24 August 1635 – 12 March 1699) was a Danish statesman and royal favourite. He became the principal adviser to King Christian V of Denmark from 1670 and the "de facto" ruler of the dual kingdom of Denmark-Norway in the first half of the 1670s. In 1673 he was appointed as Chancellor of Denmark, elevated to count, the highest aristocratic rank in Denmark-Norway, and received the Order of the Elephant, the country's highest order. At the behest of his enemies at court, Griffenfeld was arrested in early 1676 and convicted of treason, a charge that historians agree was false. He was imprisoned for 22 years, mainly at Munkholmen in Norway.

neg: Count Christian of Rosenborg Count Christian of Rosenborg ("Christian Frederik Franz Knud Harald Carl Oluf Gustav Georg Erik"; 22 October 1942 – 21 May 2013) was a member of the Danish royal family. Born Prince Christian of Denmark, he was high in the line of succession until the constitution was changed in 1953 to allow females to inherit the crown, placing his branch of the dynasty behind that of his cousin Margrethe and her two younger sisters. He later gave up his princely rank and his rights to the throne in order to marry a commoner.

neg: 1670 in Denmark Events from the year 1670 in Denmark.


query: What was the size of the sovereign state in which Fernando Sylvan born?

pos: Fernando Sylvan Fernando Sylvan (Díli, 26 August 1917—Cascais, 25 December 1993) was a poet and a writer from East Timor.

pos: East Timor East Timor ( ) or Timor-Leste ( ; Tetum: "Timór Lorosa'e"), officially the Democratic Republic of Timor-Leste (Portuguese: "República Democrática de Timor-Leste" , Tetum: "Repúblika Demokrátika Timór-Leste" ), is a sovereign state in Maritime Southeast Asia. It comprises the eastern half of the island of Timor, the nearby islands of Atauro and Jaco, and Oecusse, an exclave on the northwestern side of the island surrounded by Indonesian West Timor. The country's size is about 15,410 km (5,400 sq mi).

neg: Quintana Roo Quintana Roo (] ), officially the Free and Sovereign State of Quintana Roo (Spanish: "Estado Libre y Soberano de Quintana Roo" ), is one of the 31 states which, with the Federal District, make up the 32 federal entities of Mexico. It is divided into ten municipalities and its capital city is Chetumal.

neg: Province of Huelva Huelva (] , ] ) is a province of southern Spain, in the western part of the autonomous community of Andalusia. It is bordered by Portugal, the provinces of Badajoz, Seville, and Cádiz, and the Atlantic Ocean. Its capital is Huelva.

neg: Rio de Janeiro (state) Rio de Janeiro (] ) is one of the 27 federative units of Brazil. It has the second largest economy of Brazil, with the largest being that of the state of São Paulo.

neg: Landlocked country A landlocked state or landlocked country is a sovereign state entirely enclosed by land, or whose only coastlines lie on closed seas. There are currently 49 such countries, including five partially recognised states. Only two, Bolivia and Paraguay in South America, lie outside Afro-Eurasia (the Old World).

neg: Goa Goa is a state in India within the coastal region known as the Konkan in India. It is bounded by Maharashtra to the north and Karnataka to the east and south, with the Arabian Sea forming its Western coast. It is India's smallest state by area and the fourth smallest by population. Goa has the highest GDP per capita among all Indian states, that is two and a half times that of the country. It was ranked the best placed state by the "Eleventh Finance Commission" for its infrastructure and ranked on top for the best quality of life in India by the National Commission on Population based on the 12 Indicators.

neg: Saint Vincent and the Grenadines Saint Vincent and the Grenadines ( ) is a sovereign state in the Lesser Antilles island arc, in the southern portion of the Windward Islands, which lie at the southern end of the eastern border of the Caribbean Sea where the latter meets the Atlantic Ocean. The country is also known simply as Saint Vincent.

neg: Lebanon Lebanon ( ; Arabic: لبنان  "Lubnān" ; ] ; French: "Liban" ), officially known as the Lebanese Republic (Arabic: الجمهورية اللبنانية  "al-Jumhūrīyah al-Lubnānīyah" ; ] ; French: "République libanaise" ), is a sovereign state in Western Asia. It is bordered by Syria to the north and east and Israel to the south, while Cyprus is west across the Mediterranean Sea. Lebanon's location at the crossroads of the Mediterranean Basin and the Arabian hinterland facilitated its rich history and shaped a cultural identity of religious and ethnic diversity. At just 10,452 km (4,036 sq. mi.), it is the smallest recognized country on the entire mainland Asian continent.

neg: List of companies of Barbados Barbados is a sovereign island country in the Lesser Antilles, in the Caribbean. It is 34 km in length and up to 23 km in width, covering an area of 432 km2 . It is situated in the western area of the North Atlantic and 100 km east of the Windward Islands and the Caribbean Sea; therein, it is about 168 km east of the islands of Saint Vincent and the Grenadines and 400 km north-east of Trinidad and Tobago. Barbados is outside of the principal Atlantic hurricane belt. Its capital is Bridgetown.

neg: San Fernando, Tamaulipas San Fernando is a municipality and city located in the Mexican state of Tamaulipas. It is about 85 mi away from Brownsville, Texas. The municipality has a population of 57,220, while the city itself has a population of 29,665.

neg: Pará Pará (] ) is a state in northern Brazil traversed by the lower Amazon River. It borders the Brazilian states of (clockwise from north) Amapá, Maranhão, Tocantins, Mato Grosso, Amazonas and Roraima. To the northwest it also borders Guyana and Suriname, and to the northeast it borders the Atlantic Ocean. The capital and largest city is Belém, located at the mouth of the Amazon at the Atlantic Ocean and the 11th most populous city in the country.

neg: West Florida West Florida (Spanish: "Florida Occidental" ) was a region on the north shore of the Gulf of Mexico which underwent several boundary and sovereignty changes during its history. The province was established by the British in 1763 out of lands ceded from the Spanish and French. As its name suggests, it was formed out of the Western part of formerly Spanish Florida (East Florida formed the eastern part), along with lands taken from French Louisiana; West Florida's capital was Pensacola. The colony included most of what is now the Florida Panhandle, as well as parts of the modern U.S. states of Louisiana, Mississippi, and Alabama.

neg: Belgium Belgium ( ), officially the Kingdom of Belgium, is a sovereign state in Western Europe bordered by France, the Netherlands, Germany, Luxembourg, and the North Sea. It is a small, densely populated country which covers an area of 30528 km2 and has a population of about 11 million people. Straddling the cultural boundary between Germanic and Latin Europe, Belgium is home to two main linguistic groups: the Dutch-speaking, mostly Flemish community, which constitutes about 59 percent of the population, and the French-speaking, mostly Walloon population, which comprises 40 percent of all Belgians. Additionally, there is a small 1 percent group of German-speakers who live in the East Cantons.

neg: Colima Colima, officially the Free and Sovereign State of Colima (Spanish: "Estado Libre y Soberano de Colima" ), is one of the 32 states that make up the 32 Federal Entities of Mexico. It shares its name with its capital and main city, Colima.

neg: Spanish West Indies The Spanish West Indies or Spanish Antilles (also known as "Las Antillas Occidentales" or simply "Antillas Españolas" in Spanish) was the former name of the Spanish colonies in the Caribbean. It became a territory of the Viceroyalty of New Spain when the viceroyalty was created in 1535.

neg: São Pedro, São Paulo São Pedro is a municipality in the state of São Paulo in Brazil. The population is 34,284 (2015 est.) in an area of 611 km².

neg: Colombia Colombia ( or ; ] ), officially the Republic of Colombia (Spanish:    ), is a sovereign state largely situated in the northwest of South America, with territories in Central America. Colombia shares a border to the northwest with Panama, to the east with Venezuela and Brazil and to the south with Ecuador and Peru. It shares its maritime limits with Costa Rica, Nicaragua, Honduras, Jamaica, Haiti and the Dominican Republic. It is a unitary, constitutional republic comprising thirty-two departments. The territory of what is now Colombia was originally inhabited by indigenous peoples, with as most advanced the Muisca, Quimbaya and the Tairona.

neg: Southern Basque Country The Southern Basque Country (Basque: "Hegoalde" or "Hego Euskal Herria" ; Spanish: "Hegoalde, País Vasco y Navarra" or "País Vasco peninsular" ) is a term used to refer to the Basque territories within Spain as a unified whole.

neg: List of sovereign states in 1496 The notion of a sovereign state arises in the 16th century with the development of modern diplomacy.

neg: Florida Florida (Spanish for "land of flowers") is a state in the southeastern region of the United States. It is bordered to the west by the Gulf of Mexico and Alabama, to the north by Alabama and Georgia, to the east by the Atlantic Ocean, and to the south by the Straits of Florida. Florida is the 22nd-most extensive, the 3rd-most populous, and the 8th-most densely populated of the U.S. states. Jacksonville is the most populous municipality in the state, and is legally the largest city by area in the contiguous United States (due to the consolidation of Jacksonville with Duval County). The Miami metropolitan area is Florida's most populous urban area. The city of Tallahassee is the state capital.

neg: Portuguese São Tomé and Príncipe São Tomé and Príncipe islands were a colony of the Portuguese Empire from its discovery in 1470 until 1975, when independence was granted by Portugal.


query: Were both Wilfred Noy and Pier Paolo Pasolini directors and actors?

pos: Wilfred Noy Wilfred Noy (born Wilfred Noy Blumberg, 24 December 1883 – 29 March 1948) was an English film director, actor, screenwriter and producer of the silent era. Noy was the maternal uncle of Leslie Howard. He directed 89 films between 1910 and 1936. He also appeared in 18 films between 1924 and 1939.

pos: Pier Paolo Pasolini Pier Paolo Pasolini (] ; 5 March 1922 – 2 November 1975) was an Italian film director, poet, writer and intellectual. Pasolini also distinguished himself as an actor, journalist, philosopher, philologist, novelist, playwright, painter and political figure.

neg: The Midnight Girl The Midnight Girl is a 1925 American drama film directed by Wilfred Noy, starring Lila Lee and featuring Béla Lugosi.

neg: Jean Pierre Noher Jean Pierre Noher (born May 5, 1956) is a French-Argentine theater, film and television actor.

neg: Funny Dirty Little War Funny Dirty Little War (Spanish: No habrá más penas ni olvido ; original title translatable as "There will be no more sorrow or forgetfulness", a line from "Mi Buenos Aires Querido" tango lyrics) is a 1983 Argentine comedy drama film directed by Héctor Olivera, written by Olivera and Roberto Cossa, based on a novel of the same name by Osvaldo Soriano. It was produced by Fernando Ayala and Luis O. Repetto, and stars Federico Luppi, Miguel Ángel Solá, Ulises Dumont, Héctor Bidonde and Víctor Laplace.

neg: A Princess of the Blood A Princess of the Blood is a 1916 British silent film directed by Wilfred Noy.

neg: Laura Betti Laura Betti (1 May 1927 – 31 July 2004) was an Italian actress known particularly for her work with directors Federico Fellini, Pier Paolo Pasolini and Bernardo Bertolucci. She had a long friendship with Pasolini and made a documentary about him in 2001.

neg: Pietro Pastore Pietro Mario Pastore, also known as Piero Pastore (born 3 April 1908 in Padua; died 8 January 1968 in Rome) was an Italian professional footballer who played as a striker; he later became an actor.

neg: Diego Peretti Diego Peretti (born February 25, 1963) is an Argentine actor, screenwriter and former psychiatrist.

neg: La Notte La Notte (English: "The Night" ) is a 1961 Italian drama film directed by Michelangelo Antonioni and starring Marcello Mastroianni, Jeanne Moreau and Monica Vitti (Umberto Eco appeared in a cameo). Filmed on location in Milan, the film is about a day in the life of an unfaithful married couple and their deteriorating relationship. In 1961 "La Notte" received the Golden Bear at the Berlin International Film Festival, as well as the David di Donatello Award for Best Director. "La Notte" is considered the central film of a trilogy beginning with "L'Avventura" (1960) and ending with "L'Eclisse" (1962).

neg: Hey Boy (film) Hey Boy (Italian: "Proibito rubare" ; also known as "No Stealing" and "Guagilo") is a 1948 Italian drama film directed by Luigi Comencini and starring Adolfo Celi. A missionary on his way to Africa has his suitcase stolen in Naples. While trying to locate it, he comes to realise the suffering and poverty in the city, and decides his work is needed there.

neg: A Place for Lovers A Place for Lovers (Italian: Amanti , French: Le Temps des amants ) is a 1968 French-Italian romantic drama film directed by Vittorio De Sica, written by Brunello Rondi, Julian Zimet, Peter Baldwin, Ennio De Concini, Tonino Guerra, Cesare Zavattini based on the play "Gli Amanti" by Brunello Rondi and Renaldo Cabieri, and distributed by Metro-Goldwyn-Mayer.

neg: Turi Ferro Salvatore "Turi" Ferro (10 January 1921 – 10 May 2001) was an Italian film, television and stage actor. He is considered the most important actor in the Sicilian theatre post-World War II era.

neg: Jack Lee (film director) Wilfred John Raymond "Jack" Lee (27 January 1913 – 15 October 2002) was a British film director, screenwriter, editor and producer.

neg: Paolo Bianchini Paolo Bianchini (born in 1931) is an Italian director and screenwriter.

neg: Alberto Bonucci Alberto Bonucci (19 May 1918 – 5 April 1969) was an Italian film actor and director. He appeared in 53 films between 1950 and 1967. He was born in Campobasso, Italy and died in Rome, Italy.

neg: Queen of the Night (1931 Italian-language film) Queen of the Night (Italian:La donna di una notte) is a 1931 French comedy film directed by Marcel L'Herbier, assisted by Amleto Palermi and Guido Brignone, and starring Francesca Bertini, Ruggero Ruggeri and Romano Calò. It was filmed in Germany as the Italian-language version of the French film "La Femme d'une nuit", also directed by L'Herbier. In the early years of sound it was common to remake films in different languages. A German-language version was also released the same year directed by Fritz Wendhausen.

neg: Olivia Hussey Olivia Hussey (born Olivia Osuna; 17 April 1951) is an English-Argentinian actress. After appearing in theatre in London, Hussey was chosen to play the role of Juliet in Franco Zeffirelli's 1968 film version of "Romeo and Juliet". The role lent her international recognition, and she won a Golden Globe and also the David di Donatello Award for her performance.

neg: Eugène Py Eugène Py (19 May 1859 – 26 August 1924) was a major early French cameraman, cinematographer and film director and is widely considered the founding pioneer of the cinema of Argentina.

neg: Silvio Noto Silvio Noto (25 December 1926 – 16 December 2012) was an Italian TV and radio presenter, actor and voice actor.

neg: Gianpaolo Rosmino Gianpaolo Rosmino (2 July 1888 – 20 July 1982) was an Italian actor and film director. Rosmino enjoyed a lengthy screen career. Aafter making his debut in the silent era in 1913 he appeared in over eighty films and television series up to 1965. He played a prominent role in the 1913 silent "Love Everlasting", one of the two most famous Italian early silent films. His is sometimes credited as Gian Paolo Rosmino.

neg: Alain Noury Alain Noury (born 4 November 1945) is a French actor. He appeared in more than twenty films since 1967.