query: What percentage of share of the chain supermarkets has in supermarket sector in the United Kingdom who's subsidiary is Argos?

pos: Argos (retailer) Argos is a British catalogue retailer operating in the United Kingdom and Ireland, and a subsidiary of Sainsbury's. The company trades both through physical stores and online, with over 845 retail stores, 29 million yearly store customers, and nearly a billion online vistors per annum, makes it one of the largest high street retailers in the United Kingdom.

pos: Sainsbury's Sainsbury's is the second largest chain of supermarkets in the United Kingdom, with a 16.9% share of the supermarket sector in the United Kingdom. Founded in 1869, by John James Sainsbury with a shop in Drury Lane, London, the company became the largest grocery retailer in 1922, was an early adopter of self-service retailing in the United Kingdom, and had its heyday during the 1980s. In 1995, Tesco overtook Sainsbury's to become the market leader, and Asda became the second largest in 2003, demoting Sainsbury's to third place for most of the subsequent period until January 2014, when Sainsbury's regained second place.

neg: Cater Brothers Cater Brothers was a supermarket chain based in the South East of England, that later was taken over and integrated into Presto chain owned by Allied Suppliers.

neg: Brake Bros Brakes (also Brake Bros Ltd) is a distribution company supplying food, drink and other products mainly to the catering (or 'foodservice') industry in the UK, Ireland, France and Sweden through more than 70 distribution centers. It provides delivered wholesale and contract logistical services. The company was created in 1958 and headquartered in Ashford, United Kingdom. Brake Bros Limited has been a subsidiary of Sysco Corporation since July 5, 2016 when the latter bought it for $3.1bn.

neg: Andy Clarke (businessman) Andrew James Clarke (born January 1964) is a British businessman, the CEO of the Asda chain of supermarkets from 2010 to 2016, until he was replaced by Sean Clarke (unrelated), the head of parent company Walmart's operations in China.

neg: CGC Japan CGC Co., Ltd.(Co-operative Grocer Chain) (株式会社シジシージャパン , Kabushikigaisha CGC Japan ) is a Japanese supermarket co-financed by the CGC, which operates a private brand names corporation.

neg: Foodworld Foodworld, previously known as "Spencer's Daily", is a chain of supermarket stores. It was started in May 1996 as a division of Spencer & Co, a part of the RPG Group. In August 1999, it became a separate company. Currently it operates 73 stores in Bangalore, Hyderabad, Coimbatore & Chennai.

neg: Foodworks FoodWorks is the brand the Australian independent retail supermarket group Australian United Retailers Limited (AURL) trade under. The AURL was created in November 2004 from the Merger of the FoodWorks Supermarket Group Ltd (FSG) and Australian United Retailers (AUR). Its main competitors are Woolworths, Coles, Bi-Lo, IGA, and Aldi. It is Australia's second largest leading independent supermarket retailing group, supporting in excess of $1.35 billion in annual sales at the retail level.

neg: Sainsbury's Local Sainsbury’s Convenience Stores Limited (trading as Sainsbury’s Local) is a chain of 770 convenience stores operated by the UK's second largest supermarket chain Sainsbury's. Sainsbury's Local stores have different branding and fascia to the company's supermarkets.

neg: Delhaize Group Delhaize Le Lion / De Leeuw (] ) was a food retailer headquartered in Sint-Jans-Molenbeek, Brussels, Belgium, and operating in seven countries and on three continents. The principal activity of Delhaize Group is the operation of food supermarkets. On June 24, 2015, Delhaize reached an agreement with Ahold to merge and form a new parent company headquartered in the Netherlands: Ahold Delhaize.

neg: Pueblo Supermarkets Pueblo has been one of Puerto Rico's major supermarket chains since 1955.

neg: FreshChoice FreshChoice is a chain of locally owned and operated supermarkets in New Zealand, founded in 1995. The stores are operated under franchise agreements with Wholesale Distributors Ltd (WDL) – a division of Progressive Enterprises Ltd (PEL), one of New Zealand's largest retail and distribution companies. PEL is in turn 100% owned by Woolworths Limited. As of June 2017 there were 27 FreshChoice stores across New Zealand.

neg: REWE REWE (] ) is a supermarket chain in Germany and part of the Cologne-based REWE Group. REWE has more than 15,000 stores and 211,000 employees worldwide. As of 2015 they have publicised plans for investing more heavily in their online presence.

neg: Izumiya Izumiya (イズミヤ ) is a Japanese supermarket chain operated by Izumiya Co., Ltd (イズミヤ株式会社 , Izumiya Kabushiki-gaisha ) . The company was acquired by H2O Retailing in 2014, making it a wholly owned subsidiary, to raise its profile in the Kansai region.

neg: Selfridges Selfridges, also known as Selfridges & Co., is a chain of high end department stores in the United Kingdom, operated by Selfridges Retail Limited. It was founded by Harry Gordon Selfridge. The flagship store on London's Oxford Street is the second largest shop in the UK (after Harrods) and opened 15 March 1909. Other Selfridges stores opened in the Trafford Centre (1998) and Exchange Square (2002) in Manchester, and in the Bullring in Birmingham (2003).

neg: Safeway (UK) Safeway was a chain of supermarkets and convenience stores in the United Kingdom. It started as a subsidiary of the American Safeway Inc., before being sold off in 1987.

neg: Edeka The Edeka Group is the largest German supermarket corporation, currently holding a market share of 26%. Founded in 1898, it consists today of several cooperatives of independent supermarkets all operating under the umbrella organisation "Edeka Zentrale AG & Co KG", with headquarters in Hamburg. There are approximately 4,100 stores with the Edeka nameplate that range from small corner stores to hypermarkets. On November 16, 2007, Edeka reached an agreement with Tengelmann (known for A&P in the US) to purchase a 70% majority stake in Tengelmann's Plus discounter store division.

neg: Angst (supermarket) Angst is a supermarket chain of 19 stores in Romania. It has a range of 1,000 products, mainly foodstuffs. Angst is owned by a Swiss-Romanian joint venture. Angst operates mainly in Bucharest but is based in the town of Buftea, near the capital. It employs 670 people. The motto of Angst is "Excelenţa face diferenţa" (Romanian for: "Excellence Makes the Difference").

neg: Bazaar (supermarkets) Bazaar supermarkets is a discount supermarket chain in Greece. As of 2016, it operates around 120 stores. It belongs to the Veroukas Group of companies.

neg: Woolworths Group Woolworths Group plc was a listed British company that owned the high-street retail chain, Woolworths. It also owned other companies such as the entertainment distributor Entertainment UK, and book and resource distributor Bertram Books.

neg: Ritchies Stores Ritchies is the largest independent supermarket chain in Australia, owned by a group of private investors including Metcash. Ritchies, also known as "Ritchies Supa IGA", have the majority of their stores located in Victoria.

neg: Londis (United Kingdom) Londis is a chain of convenience store franchises operating in the United Kingdom and Republic of Ireland. The stores form a symbol group and are all owned on a franchise basis. As of December 2014, the company had an estimated net worth of £79 million. Since May 2015, the company has been owned by Booker Group, which purchased Londis and its sister company Budgens from the Musgrave Group for £40 million.


query: Byfleet is a village that is near which motor car racing circuit?

pos: Byfleet Byfleet is a village of medieval origin. Byfleet takes up the far east of the borough of Woking and much of the land is within the widest gap between the Wey Navigation and the River Wey, a tributary of the Thames. Its western boundary is the M25 motorway – it lies within the orbital motorway of London and its northern extreme takes in most of Brooklands business, hotel, museum and retail estate between Byfleet and New Haw and the more major Weybridge railway station on the South Western Main Line.

pos: Brooklands Brooklands was a 2.75 mi motor racing circuit and aerodrome built near Weybridge in Surrey, England, United Kingdom. It opened in 1907 and was the world's first purpose-built motor racing circuit as well as one of Britain's first airfields, which also became Britain's largest aircraft manufacturing centre by 1918, producing military aircraft such as the Wellington and civil airliners like the VC-10.

neg: West Byfleet railway station West Byfleet railway station is a relatively minor stop on the South Western Main Line opened 49 years after the line reached the following station west, Woking which is the district of the station.

neg: Harewood speed Hillclimb Harewood "speed" Hillclimb (the form with italics and a lower-case s is used officially) is a hillclimb near the village of Harewood, West Yorkshire, England. The track can be found on the A659 between Harewood village and Collingham, north of Leeds. In addition to national events, it hosts rounds of the British Hill Climb Championship, a Classic & Historic Hillclimb and an event that includes bikes. Around 11 meetings are organised between April and September each year by the British Automobile Racing Club Yorkshire Centre.

neg: The Bend Motorsport Park The Bend Motorsport Park is an under construction 7.7 kilometre bitumen motor racing circuit near the town of Tailem Bend, South Australia, 100 kilometres south-east of the state capital, Adelaide.

neg: Reading Town Regatta Reading Town Regatta is Reading's rowing regatta. It takes place at the town of Reading in Berkshire on the River Thames in southern England, near the Thames Valley Park business park on the south side of the river. A more local Thames Valley Park Regatta takes place at the same location.

neg: Ahvenisto Race Circuit Ahvenisto Race Circuit (Finnish: Ahveniston moottorirata ) is a motor racing circuit located in Hämeenlinna, Finland. The circuit is 2840 m long. It features a total elevation change of 32 m , its main straight is 280 m in length and its width varies between 9 m and 17 m .

neg: Hillingdon Cycle Circuit Hillingdon Cycle Circuit is a purpose-built road cycling circuit situated in Minet Country Park, Hayes in west London. The 0.93 mile long, 6 metre wide circuit is used for year-round racing, training and leisure riding.

neg: Comtec Racing Comtec Racing is a motor racing team based in the United Kingdom. It competes in three championships — Formula Renault, World Series by Renault and the Auto GP World Series.

neg: Cadwell Park Cadwell Park is a motor racing circuit in Lincolnshire, England, 5 mi south of Louth, England, owned and operated by MotorSport Vision, a business associated with former racing driver Jonathan Palmer.

neg: River, Kent River is a village and civil parish in Kent, England, situated between the historic town of Dover and the neighbouring village of Temple Ewell. "Village" is a somewhat loose term for River; it is a community of several thousand and is probably more usefully regarded as a suburb of Dover. After a period of rapid housing development in the 1960s and 1970s, the size and population of River have largely stabilised in recent decades, and little new development is now seen. This is partly because River lies in a steep chalk valley which affords little scope for further expansion. However, it is also true that the Dover area is historically not in the vanguard of high economic growth, being tied almost exclusively to the cross-channel port and various support industries, which have witnessed a gradual decline since the opening of the Channel Tunnel. In transport terms River is well connected, being close to the A2 and A20 trunk routes, having a railway station at Kearsney with direct services to London, and of course being only 3 mi from the Port of Dover itself.

neg: Cranwell Cranwell is a village in the North Kesteven district of Lincolnshire, England. It is part of the civil parish of Cranwell and Byard's Leap and is situated approximately 3 mi north-west from Sleaford and 14 mi south-east from the city and county town of Lincoln. The principal through road, the B1429 between the A15 to the east and the A17 to the west, joins the village to RAF Cranwell. The appropriate civil parish is called Cranwell, Brauncewell and Byard's Leap with a population of 2,827 at the 2011 census.

neg: McNamara Park McNamara Park, commonly known as Mac Park, is a motor racing circuit, located near Mount Gambier in South Australia. The 2.4 km track has 12 corners and runs clockwise. Owned and run by the Mount Gambier Motorcycle and Light Car Club Inc., the circuit is used for motorcycle and kart racing only. Auto racing events are not held there, due to higher insurance and maintenance costs. There is also a shorter, 1.8 km version of the circuit.

neg: Central Circuit Central Circuit (セントラルサーキット ) is a 2.804 km motor racing circuit in Taka District, Hyōgo, Japan. It is now used only for occasional karting races, and mainly for private rental. A non championship Super GT race was held here in 1996.

neg: Goodwood Racecourse Goodwood Racecourse is a horse-racing track five miles north of Chichester, West Sussex, in England controlled by the family of the Duke of Richmond, whose seat is nearby Goodwood House. It hosts the annual Glorious Goodwood meeting in late July and early August, which is one of the highlights of the British flat racing calendar, and is home to three of the UK's 32 Group One flat races, the Sussex Stakes, the Goodwood Cup and the Nassau Stakes.

neg: Circuit de Dakar Baobabs The Circuit de Dakar Baobabs is a racing circuit located near the village of Sindia in Senegal.

neg: Ibsley Circuit Ibsley Circuit was a car racing circuit situated at RAF Ibsley, on the Fordingbridge to Ringwood Road in Hampshire, UK.

neg: Donington Park Donington Park is a motorsport circuit located near Castle Donington in Leicestershire, England. The circuit business is now owned by MotorSport Vision, and the surrounding Donington Park Estate is currently under lease by MotorSport Vision until 2038.

neg: 1960 British Grand Prix The 1960 British Grand Prix was a Formula One motor race held at the Silverstone Circuit, Northamptonshire, England, on 16 July 1960. It was race 7 of 10 in the 1960 World Championship of Drivers and race 6 of 9 in the 1960 International Cup for Formula One Manufacturers. The race was won by reigning World Champion Jack Brabham and Innes Ireland finished in third place. Between the two, multiple motorcycle Grand Prix World Champion John Surtees (in only his second ever Formula One Grand Prix) took second place.

neg: M-Sport M-Sport is an auto racing team based at Dovenby Hall near Cockermouth, Cumbria, England, United Kingdom. Formed in 1979 by the former WRC driver Malcolm Wilson, and originally known as Malcolm Wilson Motorsport, the team has had varying success running cars in several rally championships. Since 1996, M-Sport has prepared and run the official Ford World Rally Team cars in the World Rally Championship and since 2014 the company also is the official Bentley Motorsport outfit, competing in the Blancpain Endurance Series.

neg: 1978 BRDC International Trophy The XXX BRDC International Trophy was a motor race for Formula One cars held on 19 March 1978 at the Silverstone Circuit, England. It was the 30th running of the International Trophy, and the last to non-Championship Formula One regulations. The race was held over 40 laps of the Silverstone circuit, for a total distance of around 189 km .

neg: Longfleet Longfleet is a small district of Poole, Dorset centred on Longfleet Road. It is situated directly north of the town centre and lies to the east of Oakdale and to the south and west of Parkstone.


query: The Protestant Action Group or Loyalist Action Group was a secret loyalist vigilante group active in County Cork during the Irish War of Independence, the group helped British forces by gathering intelligence on the Irish Republican Army (IRA), is any of several armed movements in Ireland in the 20th and 21st centuries dedicated to Irish republicanism, the belief that all of which country, should be an independent republic?

pos: Protestant Action Group The Protestant Action Group or Loyalist Action Group was a secret loyalist vigilante group active in County Cork during the Irish War of Independence. It was made up of local Protestant unionists who opposed Irish republicanism. The group helped British forces by gathering intelligence on the Irish Republican Army (IRA) and local republicans. It is also alleged to have been involved in the killing of several republicans, most notably the Coffey brothers, who were shot in their home in Enniskean in February 1921. That year, the IRA found intelligence documents belonging to the British Auxiliary Division in Dunmanway, which apparently confirmed the existence of the group, and included a list of names of informers. This resulted in many informers being granted safe passage and protection in England by the British government. During the conflict, the local IRA brigade executed 15 informers, six of whom were Protestants. In April 1922, after a truce had come into effect, IRA members shot dead 13 Protestants in the Dunmanway area. It was claimed they were members of the Action Group, but this is disputed.

pos: Irish Republican Army The Irish Republican Army (IRA) is any of several armed movements in Ireland in the 20th and 21st centuries dedicated to Irish republicanism, the belief that all of Ireland should be an independent republic. It was also characterised by the belief that political violence was necessary to achieve that goal.

neg: Irish Republican Army (1919–1922) The Irish Republican Army (IRA) (Irish: "Óglaigh na hÉireann" ) was an Irish republican revolutionary paramilitary organisation. The ancestor to many groups also known as the Irish Republican Army, it was descended from the Irish Volunteers, an organisation established on 25 November 1913 that staged the Easter Rising in April 1916. In 1919, the Irish Republic that had been proclaimed during the Easter Rising was formally established by an elected assembly (Dáil Éireann), and the Irish Volunteers were recognised by Dáil Éireann as its legitimate army. Thereafter, the IRA waged a guerrilla campaign against the British occupation of Ireland in the 1919–21 Irish War of Independence.

neg: Irish Dominion League The Irish Dominion League was an Irish political party and movement in Ireland and Britain which advocated Dominion status for Ireland within the British Empire, and opposed partition of Ireland into separate southern and northern jurisdictions. It attracted modest support from middle-class Dubliners of moderate unionist and nationalist backgrounds, anxious to achieve a compromise in the face of the escalating conflict between the Irish Republican Army and the British. It operated between 1919 and 1921.

neg: Provisional IRA South Armagh Brigade The South Armagh Brigade of the Provisional Irish Republican Army (IRA) operated during the Troubles in south County Armagh. It was organised into two battalions, one around Jonesborough and another around Crossmaglen. By the 1990s, the South Armagh Brigade was thought to consist of about 40 members, roughly half of them living south of the border. It has allegedly been commanded since the 1970s by Thomas 'Slab' Murphy who is also alleged to be a member of the IRA's Army Council. Compared to other brigades, the South Armagh IRA was seen as an 'independent republic' within the republican movement, retaining a battalion organizational structure and not adopting the cell structure the rest of the IRA was forced to adopt after repeated intelligence failures.

neg: Ulster Volunteer Service Corps The Ulster Volunteer Service Corps (UVSC) was an Ulster loyalist vigilante and paramilitary movement active in Northern Ireland during the early 1970s. Initially the steward group for the Ulster Vanguard (later the Vanguard Unionist Progressive Party), under the title "Vanguard Service Corps", it continued to exist after becoming independent of that movement.

neg: Irish Republicanism in Northern Ireland In 1921, Ireland was partitioned. Most of the country became part of the independent Irish Free State. However, six out of the nine counties of Ulster remained part of the United Kingdom as Northern Ireland. In the 1921 elections in Northern Ireland,

neg: Progressive Unionist Party The Progressive Unionist Party (PUP) is a small unionist political party in Northern Ireland. It was formed from the "Independent Unionist Group" operating in the Shankill area of Belfast, becoming the PUP in 1979. Linked to the Ulster Volunteer Force (UVF) and Red Hand Commando (RHC), it was for a time the only left-wing party of unionism in Northern Ireland, with its main support base in the loyalist working class communities of Belfast.

neg: Two nations theory (Ireland) In Ireland, the two nations theory holds that Ulster Protestants form a distinct Irish nation. Advocated mainly by Irish unionists, who used it as a basis for opposing Home Rule and, later, to justify the partition of Ireland, it has been strongly criticised by Irish nationalists such as John Redmond (who stated that "'the two nation theory' is to us an abomination and a blasphemy"), Éamon de Valera, Seán Lemass and Douglas Gageby.

neg: Ulster Political Research Group The Ulster Political Research Group is an advisory body connected to the Ulster Defence Association (UDA), providing advice to them on political matters. The group was permanently founded in January 2002, and is largely a successor to the Ulster Democratic Party (which had been dissolved in 2001).

neg: The Troubles The Troubles (Irish: "Na Trioblóidí" ) was an ethno-nationalist conflict in Northern Ireland during the late 20th century. Also known internationally as the Northern Ireland conflict, it is sometimes described as a "guerrilla war" or a "low-level war". The conflict began in the late 1960s and it is usually deemed to have ended with the Good Friday Agreement of 1998. Although the Troubles mainly took place in Northern Ireland, at times the violence spilled over into parts of the Republic of Ireland, England and mainland Europe.

neg: Ulster nationalism Ulster nationalism is a school of thought in Northern Irish politics that seeks the independence of Northern Ireland from the United Kingdom without joining the Republic of Ireland, thereby becoming an independent sovereign state separate from both.

neg: Irish Americans in the American Civil War Irish-American Catholics served on both sides of the American Civil War (1861–1865) as officers, volunteers and draftees. Immigration due to the Irish Great Famine (1845–1852) had provided many thousands of men as potential recruits although issues of race, religion, pacifism and personal allegiance created some resistance to service. A significant body of these Irishmen later used the military experience gained in the American Civil War to fight against the British Empire with the goal of establishing an Irish Republic as members of the Irish Republican Brotherhood, the Fenian Brotherhood and Clan na Gael. In addition very large numbers of Scots-Irish Protestants were involved in the American Civil War, especially the Confederacy.

neg: Provisional Government of Ireland (1922) The Provisional Government of Ireland (Irish: "Rialtas Sealadach na hÉireann" ) was the provisional government for the administration of Southern Ireland from 16 January 1922 to 5 December 1922. It was a transitional administration for the period between the ratifying of the Anglo-Irish Treaty and the establishment of the Irish Free State. Its legitimacy was disputed by the Anti-Treaty delegates to Dáil Éireann.

neg: Capture of Bandon The Capture of Bandon occurred in 1689 when the town of Bandon in County Cork, Ireland was forcibly seized from its rebellious Protestant inhabitants by a force of Irish Army troops under Justin MacCarthy. The skirmishing at the town took place during the early stages of the Williamite War in Ireland. The Jacobite success at Bandon helped suppress any chance of a general Munster uprising against the rule of James II similar to that which occurred in Ulster the same year. The slogan "No Surrender!" is believed to have been first used at Bandon and subsequently taken up, more famously, by the defenders at the Siege of Derry the same year.

neg: RUC Special Branch RUC Special Branch was the Special Branch of the Royal Ulster Constabulary. It was heavily involved in the British state effort during the Troubles, especially against the Provisional Irish Republican Army. It worked closely with MI5 and the Intelligence Corps. It came under criticism for its handling of its agents within paramilitary organisations, including from other RUC officers. The British Army and MI5 did not fully trust Special Branch, because of the perceived influence of the Orange Order on its members.

neg: Irish rebellion of 1803 The Irish rebellion of 1803 was an unsuccessful attempt by a group of Irish republicans and Irish nationalists to secure Ireland's independence from the United Kingdom.

neg: New Ireland Group New Ireland Group was formed in 1982, seeking political and social reconciliation in Ireland, and the formation of an Ireland accommodating both the Gaelic Irish and Unionist traditions. The group predominantly of Presbyterian and Church of Ireland people based in the Northern Ireland who felt that the intractable problems could be tackled more appropriately by way of an all-Ireland agreement for a New Ireland in many ways reflecting on the vision of the United Irishmen.

neg: George Gilmore George Gilmore (1898–1985) was a Protestant Irish Republican Army leader during the 1920s and 1930s. During his period of influence the Republican movement moved significantly to the left. After leaving the movement in 1934 he remained a significant figure on the Irish left.

neg: UDA South Belfast Brigade The UDA South Belfast Brigade is the section of the Ulster loyalist paramilitary group, the Ulster Defence Association (UDA), based in the southern quarter of Belfast, as well as in surrounding areas. Initially a battalion, the South Belfast Brigade emerged from the local "defence associations" active in the city at the beginning of the Troubles. It subsequently emerged as the largest of the UDA's six brigades and expanded to cover an area much wider than its initial South Belfast borders.

neg: Loyal Irish Union The Loyal Irish Union was a unionist group formed in 1885 in Ireland.

neg: Timeline of Real Irish Republican Army actions This is a timeline of actions by the Real Irish Republican Army, also called the Real IRA, an Irish republican paramilitary group. The group was formed in late 1997 by members of the Provisional Irish Republican Army who disagreed with that organisation's ceasefire.


query: Cecil Brown's book "Suez to Singapore" describes the sinking of a battlecruiser built during what war?

pos: Cecil Brown (journalist) Cecil Brown (September 14, 1907 – October 25, 1987) was a war correspondent who worked closely with Edward R. Murrow during World War II. He was the author of the book "Suez to Singapore", which describes the sinking of "HMS Repulse" in December 1941. He also has a star on the Hollywood Walk of Fame for his contribution to radio.

pos: HMS Repulse (1916) HMS "Repulse" was a "Renown"-class battlecruiser of the Royal Navy built during the First World War. Originally laid down as an improved version of the "Revenge"-class battleship s, her construction was suspended on the outbreak of war because she would not be ready in a timely manner. Admiral Lord Fisher, upon becoming First Sea Lord, gained approval to restart her construction as a battlecruiser that could be built and enter service quickly. The Director of Naval Construction (DNC), Eustace Tennyson-D'Eyncourt, quickly produced an entirely new design to meet Admiral Lord Fisher's requirements and the builders agreed to deliver the ships in 15 months. They did not quite meet that ambitious goal, but the ship was delivered a few months after the Battle of Jutland in 1916. "Repulse", and her sister HMS "Renown" , were the world's fastest capital ships upon completion.

neg: SS Empire Celtic Empire Celtic was a ferry which was built in 1945 as Landing Ship, Tank LST 3512 for the Royal Navy. In 1946 she was chartered by the Atlantic Steam Navigation Company Ltd, converted to a ferry and renamed "Empire Celtic". In 1956, she was requisitioned by the Royal Navy for a few months during the Suez Crisis as HMS "Empire Cedric". She served until 1960 and was scrapped in 1965.

neg: HMS Achilles (1905) HMS "Achilles" was a "Warrior"-class armoured cruiser built for the Royal Navy in the first decade of the 20th century. She served with the 2nd Cruiser Squadron for most of the First World War. The ship did not participate in the Battle of Jutland in 1916, but did sink the German raider "Leopard" in 1917. "Achilles" became a training ship in 1918 and was sold for scrap in 1921.

neg: HMS Colossus (1910) HMS "Colossus" was the lead ship of her class of two dreadnought battleships built for the Royal Navy at the end of the first decade of the 20th century. She spent her whole career assigned to the Home and Grand Fleets, often serving as a flagship. Aside from participating in the Battle of Jutland in May 1916 and the inconclusive Action of 19 August, her service during World War I generally consisted of routine patrols and training in the North Sea. "Colossus" was the only dreadnought from the main body of the Grand Fleet to be hit during the Battle of Jutland, although she suffered only minor damage. The ship was deemed obsolete after the war and was reduced to reserve and then became a training ship. "Colossus" was hulked in 1923 and sold for scrap in 1928.

neg: King George V-class battleship (1911) The "King George V"-class battleships were a group of four dreadnought battleships built for the Royal Navy (RN) in the early 1910s that were sometimes termed super-dreadnoughts. The sister ships spent most of their careers assigned to the 2nd Battle Squadron of the Home and Grand Fleets, sometimes serving as flagships. In October 1914, "Audacious" struck a mine and sank. Aside from participating in the failed attempt to intercept the German ships that had bombarded Scarborough, Hartlepool and Whitby in late 1914, the Battle of Jutland in May 1916 and the inconclusive Action of 19 August, the surviving ships' service during the First World War generally consisted of routine patrols and training in the North Sea.

neg: MV Melbourne Star (1936) MV "Melbourne Star" was a British refrigerated cargo liner. She was built by Cammell Laird and Co in 1936 as one of Blue Star Line's "Imperial Star" -class ships, designed to ship frozen meat from Australia and New Zealand to the United Kingdom. She served in the Second World War and is distinguished for her rôle in Operation Pedestal to relieve the siege of Malta in August 1942. She was sunk by torpedo in 1943 with the loss of 115 lives.

neg: HMS Malaya HMS "Malaya" was a "Queen Elizabeth"-class battleship built for the Royal Navy during the early 1910s. Shortly after commissioning in 1916, she participated in the Battle of Jutland as part of the Grand Fleet. Other than that battle, and the inconclusive Action of 19 August, her service during the First World War generally consisted of routine patrols and training in the North Sea.

neg: SS Rohilla Rohilla was a passenger steamer of the British India Steam Navigation Company which was built for service between the UK and India, and as a troopship. After becoming a hospital ship in the First World War, "Rohilla" ran aground in October 1914 near Whitby with the loss of 83 lives.

neg: HMS Cygnet (H83) HMS "Cygnet" was a C-class destroyer built for the Royal Navy in the early 1930s. The ship was initially assigned to the Home Fleet, although she was temporarily deployed in the Red Sea during the Abyssinia Crisis of 1935–36. "Cygnet" was sold to the Royal Canadian Navy (RCN) in late 1937 and renamed HMCS "St. Laurent". She was stationed on the west coast of Canada when World War II began in September 1939, and had to be transferred to the Atlantic coast for convoy escort duties. She served as a convoy escort in the Battle of the Atlantic and participated in the sinking of two German submarines. The ship was on anti-submarine patrols during the invasion of Normandy, and was employed as a troop transport after VE Day for returning Canadian servicemen. "St. Laurent" was decommissioned in late 1945 and scrapped in 1947.

neg: HMS Aboukir (1900) HMS "Aboukir" was a "Cressy"-class armoured cruiser built for the Royal Navy around 1900. Upon completion she was assigned to the Mediterranean Fleet and spent most of her career there. Upon returning home in 1912, she was placed in reserve. Recommissioned at the start of the First World War, she played a minor role in the Battle of Heligoland Bight a few weeks after the beginning of the war. "Aboukir" was sunk by the German submarine "U-9", together with two of her sister ships, on 22 September 1914; 527 men of her complement died.

neg: Action of 16 March 1917 The Action of 16 March 1917 was a naval engagement in which the British armed boarding steamer "Dundee" and the "Warrior"-class armoured cruiser HMS "Achilles" fought and sank the German auxiliary cruiser SMS "Leopard" , which sank with all 319 hands and the six men of a British boarding party.

neg: Battle off Endau The Battle off Endau was a Second World War battle that took place off Endau on 26–27 January 1942. Part of the Battle of Malaya, it was the first notable naval engagement since the sinking of the battleship "Prince of Wales" and the battlecruiser "Repulse" on 10 December 1941, and the last effort by the Royal Navy to intercept Japanese convoy shipping around the Malay Peninsula.

neg: HMS Western Isles HMS "Western Isles was a command ship of the Royal Navy during World War II, serving as the flagship of the Anti-Submarine Training School at Tobermory on the Isle of Mull under Vice Admiral Gilbert Stephenson. Launched in 1902 as the Dutch Batavier Line passenger ship Batavier IV", after the war she served in the Royal Netherlands Navy as the training ship Hr. Ms. "Zeearend" (A 892). She was decommissioned in 1970, and scrapped in 1972.

neg: List of sunken battlecruisers Sunken battlecruisers are large capital ships built in the first half of the 20th century that were either destroyed in battle, scuttled, or destroyed in a weapon test. They were similar in size and cost to a battleship, and typically carried the same kind of heavy guns, but battlecruisers generally carried less armor and were faster. The first battlecruisers were developed in the United Kingdom in the first decade of the century, as a development of the armored cruiser, at the same time the dreadnought succeeded the pre-dreadnought battleship. The original aim of the battlecruiser was to hunt down slower, older armored cruisers and destroy them with heavy gunfire. However, as more and more battlecruisers were built, their opponents became ships of their own type, not slower, weaker vessels.

neg: Sydney Fremantle Admiral Sir Sydney Robert Fremantle, {'1': ", '2': ", '3': ", '4': "} (16 November 1867 – 29 April 1958) was an officer of the Royal Navy, who served during the Victorian era and had risen to the rank of rear-admiral by the outbreak of the First World War. He played a role in developing fleet communications and signalling methods prior to the war, but was hampered in effectively implementing them due to the disruption caused by the conflict. He had an active seagoing career during the war, commanding several of the cruiser squadrons, and later taking command of the British fleet in the Aegean. Promoted to vice-admiral after the end of the war and given command of the First Battle Squadron, Fremantle oversaw the interned German High Seas Fleet at Scapa Flow, and was away on exercises when the sailors began to scuttle their ships in June 1919. He attempted to salvage what he could, later accusing the German commander, Vice-Admiral Ludwig von Reuter, of a shameful breach of honour. Fremantle rose to full admiral and commanded the naval base at Portsmouth, retiring in 1928. He wrote his memoirs, publishing them after the Second World War, and donated many of his papers to institutions before his death in 1958.

neg: Belgian ship A4 Patrol vessel "A4" (French: "Patrouilleur A4" ) was a small Mersey-class naval trawler operated by Belgium during the Second World War. Originally built for the British Royal Navy, as HMS "John Ebbs", the ship is notable for its role in evacuating Belgian gold reserves to England during the Battle of Belgium in May 1940. The success of the operation not only allowed the Belgian government in exile to fund its operations but deprived the German occupiers of an important asset to support their war effort. After the Belgian surrender, the vessel and its crew interned themselves in neutral Spain. In 1946, the vessel and its crew were released and the ship was scrapped soon afterwards.

neg: William Tennant (Royal Navy officer) Admiral Sir William George "Bill" Tennant KCB CBE MVO DL (2 January 1890 – 26 July 1963) was a British naval officer. He was lauded for overseeing the successful evacuation of Dunkirk in 1940. Tennant subsequently served as captain of the battlecruiser HMS "Repulse", when it searched for German capital ships in the Atlantic. He remained in this capacity when the "Repulse" was sunk by the Japanese along with HMS "Prince of Wales" in the South China Sea on 10 December 1941, three days after the attack on Pearl Harbor. He later aided in the setup of the Mulberry harbours and the Pluto pipelines, a crucial part of the success of Operation Overlord.

neg: SS Empire Cross Empire Cross was a  GRT tanker that was built in 1941 by Sir J Laing & Sons Ltd, Sunderland, Co Durham, United Kingdom for the Ministry of War Transport (MoWT). Sold into merchant service in 1946, she capsized and sank on 2 August following an explosion and fire at Haifa, Palestine.

neg: SS Empire Brigade SS "Empire Brigade was a  GRT cargo ship that was built in 1912 as SS "Hannington Court. She served through the First World War and was sold in 1936 to Achille Lauro, who renamed her Elios. In 1940 when Italy declared war on France and the United Kingdom she was interned by the UK as a war prize and taken over by the Ministry of War Transport (MoWT), which renamed her "Empire Brigade". Four months later she was torpedoed and sunk by "U-99" .

neg: SS Beaverford SS "Beaverford" was a cargo liner operated by the Canadian Pacific Steamship Company. Built in 1928 for freight service between Montreal and London, she was sunk in 5 November 1940 during the Battle of Convoy HX-84 while fighting to allow other ships in the convoy to escape the German pocket battleship "Admiral Scheer".

neg: Mackensen-class battlecruiser The "Mackensen" class was the last class of battlecruisers to be built by Germany in World War I. The design initially called for seven ships, but three of them were redesigned as the "Ersatz Yorck" class . Of the four ships of the "Mackensen" class, "Mackensen", "Graf Spee", and "Prinz Eitel Friedrich" were launched, and "Fürst Bismarck" was not—but none were completed, after wartime shipbuilding priorities were redirected towards U-boat—and the ships were broken up in the early 1920s. The lead ship of the class was named for August von Mackensen, a prominent military commander during the war. In response to the "Mackensen"-class ships, the British Royal Navy laid down the Admiral-class battlecruiser s, all but one of which would eventually be cancelled; the sole survivor, HMS "Hood" , was completed after the end of the war.


query: The Division of Angas was named for the founder of which colony on the continent of Australia?

pos: Division of Angas (1903–34) The Division of Angas was an Australian Electoral Division in South Australia. The division was created in 1903 and abolished in 1934. It was named for George Fife Angas, a South Australian pioneer, and was based in various rural areas to the east, south-east, north-east and north-west of Adelaide at different times including Angaston, Cadell, Eudunda, Gawler, Kapunda, Nuriootpa, Mallala, Murray Bridge, Tanunda and Walker Flat and from 1922 stretched further eastward as far as the South Australian border. It was a generally marginal seat which was won at various times by the Australian Labor Party and the Nationalist Party (and their predecessors).

pos: George Fife Angas George Fife Angas (1 May 1789 – 15 May 1879) was an English businessman and banker who, from England, played a significant part in the formation and establishment of the Colony of South Australia. He established the South Australian Company and was its founding chairman of the board of directors. In later life he migrated to the colony and served as a member of the first South Australian Legislative Council.

neg: Arthur Bowes Smyth Arthur Bowes Smyth (23 August 175031 March 1790) was a naval officer and surgeon on the First Fleet that established the colony of New South Wales. Smyth kept a diary and documented the natural history he encountered in Australia.

neg: Hundred of Cameron The Hundred of Cameron is a cadastral unit of hundred located in the Mid North of South Australia centred on Lake Bumbunga. The northern Hummock Range occupies much of the western half of the area and the Adelaide-Port Augusta railway line runs near and parallel to the eastern boundary. It is one of the 16 hundreds of the County of Daly. It was named in 1869 by Governor James Fergusson for early pioneer Hugh Cameron.

neg: Australasia Australasia, a region of Oceania, comprises Australia, New Zealand, neighbouring islands in the Pacific Ocean and, sometimes, the island of New Guinea (which is usually considered to be part of Melanesia). Charles de Brosses coined the term (as French "Australasie") in "Histoire des navigations aux terres australes" (1756). He derived it from the Latin for "south of Asia" and differentiated the area from Polynesia (to the east) and the southeast Pacific (Magellanica). The bulk of Australasia sits on the Indo-Australian Plate, together with India.

neg: Francis MacCabe Francis Peter MacCabe (1817-27 June 1897) was a surveyor in the colony of New South Wales (later a state of Australia) in the 19th century. He surveyed and mapped the lower reaches of the Murrumbidgee, Darling and Murray Rivers in New South Wales.

neg: Gowrie, Australian Capital Territory Gowrie is a suburb of Canberra, Australia, located in the northern end of the Tuggeranong Valley. Tuggeranong suburbs are the southernmost of Australia's capital city. Gowrie is named after Brigadier-General Alexander Gore Arkwright Hore-Ruthven, 1st Earl of Gowrie (1872–1955), Governor-General of Australia from 1936–1944.

neg: Division of Adelaide The Division of Adelaide is an Australian electoral division in South Australia and is named for the city of Adelaide, South Australia's capital. The 76 km² seat is centred on the Adelaide city centre and spans from Grand Junction Road in the north to Cross Road in the south and from Portrush Road in the east to South Road in the west, taking in suburbs including Ashford, Clarence Park, Enfield, Goodwood, Kent Town, Keswick, Kilburn, Maylands, Northgate, Norwood, Parkside, Prospect, Rose Park, St Peters, Toorak Gardens, Unley and Walkerville.

neg: Division of Dampier The Division of Dampier was an Australian Electoral Division in Western Australia. The division was created in 1913 and abolished in 1922. It was named for the navigator William Dampier, the first Englishman to see Australia, and was located in rural Western Australia, including the towns of Northam and Toodyay. It was safe seat for the non-Labor parties.

neg: Tedbury Tedbury (c.1780, Botany Bay-1810, Parramatta) (also "Tidbury", "Tjedboro") was an Aboriginal Australian involved in frequent acts of resistance to British colonists in the early years of New South Wales. He was son of noted warrior and resistance fighter Pemulwuy.

neg: Grey County, Western Australia Grey County was one of the 26 counties of Western Australia that were designated in 1829 as cadastral divisions. It was named after Charles Grey, 2nd Earl Grey, a powerful opposition Whig MP, who was to become Prime Minister of the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland from 1830-1834. It approximately corresponds to the southern part of the Ninghan Land District which forms the basis for land titles in the area.

neg: Dickson, Australian Capital Territory Dickson (postcode: 2602) is a suburb in the Inner North of Canberra, Australia. It is named after Sir James Dickson (1832–1901) who was a Queensland advocate of Australian Federation and one of the founders of the Australian Constitution. There is no specific theme for street names.

neg: Province of Bumbunga The Province of Bumbunga ( ) was an Australian secessionist micronation located on a farm at Bumbunga near Snowtown and Lochiel, South Australia, from 1976 until approximately 2000. Its founder and only ruler was a British monkey trainer, uranium prospector, and postmaster named Alex Brackstone.

neg: John Caesar John Caesar (1764 – 15 February 1796), nicknamed "Black Caesar", was the first Australian bushranger and one of the first people of African descent to arrive in Australia.

neg: Abraham Hopkins Davis Anthony Hopkins Davis (c. August 1796 – 4 June 1866) was a businessman and horticulturist in the early days of the Colony of South Australia.

neg: Symonston, Australian Capital Territory Symonston (postcode: 2609) is a primarily industrial and agricultural suburb of Canberra, Australian Capital Territory, Australia. Symonston is named after Sir Josiah Symon a Legislator, Federalist and one of the Founders of the Constitution of Australia.

neg: David Collins (lieutenant governor) Colonel David Collins (3 March 1756 – 24 March 1810) was a British Irish administrator of Britain's first Australian colonies.

neg: Alan Frost Alan J. Frost , (born 29 March 1943) is an Australian academic based at La Trobe University. A major theme of his research has involved the European exploration of the Pacific Ocean over the second half of the eighteenth century. He is best known for books in which he challenges common historical stereotypes and misconceptions concerning the colonisation of Australia. These include "Botany Bay Mirages: Illusions of Australia's Convict Beginnings", "Botany Bay: The Real Story", and "The First Fleet: The Real Story". Frost's arguments radically challenge those expressed by prominent historians Manning Clark and Robert Hughes.

neg: August Kavel August Ludwig Christian Kavel (3 September 1798 – 12 February 1860). Pastor Kavel was a founder of Lutheranism in Australia.

neg: Patrick Lindesay Sir Patrick Lindesay, KCB, KCH (24 February 1778 – 14 March 1839) was a military officer during the Napoleonic Wars and Peninsular War but is most noted as having served as Acting Governor of New South Wales, Australia in 1831. Mount Lindesay (Queensland), Mount Lindesay (New South Wales) and Lindesay River in Australia are all named after him.

neg: John Septimus Roe John Septimus Roe (8 May 1797 – 28 May 1878) was the first Surveyor-General of Western Australia. He was a renowned explorer, and a Member of Western Australia's legislative and executive councils for nearly 40 years.

neg: Eugene Fitzalan Eugene Fitzherbert Albini Fitzalan (1830 - 1911) was an Irish-born botanist in Australia. He made many botanical expedition and discovered numerous new species. He created the first botanical garden in Cairns, Queensland, now the heritage-listed Flecker Botanical Gardens.


query: Was the IBM PS/1 or the Compucolor II introduced first?

pos: IBM PS/1 The IBM PS/1 is a brand for a line of personal computers that marked IBM's return to the home market in 1990, five years after the IBM PCjr. It was replaced by the IBM Aptiva in September 1994.

pos: Compucolor II The Compucolor was an early color home computer product introduced in 1976 by Compucolor Corporation of Norcross, Georgia. It was a major product breakthrough in color graphics, text, and storage.

neg: IBM 610 The IBM 610 Auto-Point Computer is one of the first personal computers, in the sense of a computer to be used by one person whose previous experience with computing might only have been with desk calculators. It was controlled interactively by a keyboard. The principal designer of this machine was John Lentz, as part of his work for the Watson Lab at Columbia University.

neg: POWER2 The POWER2, originally named RIOS2, is a processor designed by IBM that implemented the POWER instruction set architecture. The POWER2 was the successor of the POWER1, debuting in September 1993 within IBM's RS/6000 systems. When introduced, the POWER2 was the fastest microprocessor, surpassing the Alpha 21064. When the Alpha 21064A was introduced in 1993, the POWER2 lost the lead and became second. IBM claimed that the performance for a 62.5 MHz POWER2 was 73.3 SPECint92 and 134.6 SPECfp92.

neg: Philco computers Philco was one of the pioneers of transistorized computers. After the company developed a surface barrier transistor, much faster than previous point-contact types, it was awarded contracts for military and government computers. Commercialized derivatives of some of these designs became successful business and scientific computers. The TRANSAC (Transistor Automatic Computer) Model S-1000 was released as a scientific computer. The TRANSAC S-2000 mainframe computer system was first produced in 1958, and a family of compatible machines, with increasing performance, was released over the next several years.

neg: IBM System/7 The IBM System/7 was a computer system, designed in Boca Raton, Florida, and delivered in 1971. It was a 16-bit machine and one of the first made by IBM to use novel semiconductor memory, instead of magnetic core memory conventional at that date. IBM had earlier products in industrial control market, notably the IBM 1800 which appeared in 1964. However, there was minimal resemblance in architecture or software between the 1800 series and the System/7.

neg: PC-1 (computer) The Parametron Computer 1 (PC-1) was a binary, single-address computer developed at Professor Hidetosi Takahasi's Laboratory at the Department of Physics, University of Tokyo, and was one of the first general purpose computers that used parametron components and dual frequency magnetic-core memory. Construction started in September 1957 and was completed on March 26, 1958. The PC-1 was used at Takahasi's Laboratory for research related both to hardware and software and the researchers in the Faculty of Science also used it for scientific computing. The PC-1 was retired in May 1964.

neg: IBM System/360 The IBM System/360 (S/360) is a family of mainframe computer systems that was announced by IBM on April 7, 1964, and delivered between 1965 and 1978. It was the first family of computers designed to cover the complete range of applications, from small to large, both commercial and scientific. The design made a clear distinction between architecture and implementation, allowing IBM to release a suite of compatible designs at different prices. All but the incompatible model 44 and the most expensive systems used microcode to implement the instruction set, which featured 8-bit byte addressing and binary, decimal and (hexadecimal) floating-point calculations.

neg: IBM 1402 The IBM 1402 was a high speed card reader/punch introduced on October 5, 1959 as a peripheral input/output device for the IBM 1401 computer. It was later used with other computers of the IBM 1400 series and IBM 7000 series product lines. It was adapted as the IBM 1622 Card Read-Punch for the IBM 1620 and provided the basic design for the models 2501, 2520 and 2540 equipment used with the IBM System/360 product line.

neg: IBM 608 The IBM 608 Transistor Calculator, a plugboard-programmable unit, was the first IBM product to use transistor circuits without any vacuum tubes and is believed to be the world's first all-transistorized calculator to be manufactured for the commercial market. The 608 contained more than 3,000 germanium transistors. Announced in April 1955, it was released in December 1957. It was similar in nature of operation to the vacuum tube IBM 604, which had been introduced a decade earlier. Although the 608 outpaced its immediate predecessor, the IBM 607 by a factor of 2.5, it was soon rendered obsolete by newer IBM products and only a few dozen were ever delivered. The 608 was withdrawn from marketing in April 1959.

neg: Sony SMC-70 The SMC-70 is a computer produced by Sony from 1982. Although it resembles a home computer, it was designed for professional video generation, for example in Cable television applications, and digital video effect generation. It was the first computer that used the just invented (also by Sony) 3.5" micro floppy disk drive that later became industry standard. It had a few distinctive aspects that set it aside from many of it contemporary systems. For example, it did not use a version of Microsoft BASIC, but its own Sony developed BASIC, and it could handle and display kanji characters.

neg: PS/2 port The PS/2 port is a 6-pin mini-DIN connector used for connecting some keyboards and mice to a PC compatible computer system. Its name comes from the IBM Personal System/2 series of personal computers, with which it was introduced in 1987. The PS/2 mouse connector generally replaced the older DE-9 RS-232 "serial mouse" connector, while the PS/2 keyboard connector replaced the larger 5-pin/180° DIN connector used in the IBM PC/AT design. The PS/2 designs on keyboard and mouse interfaces are electrically similar and employ the same communication protocol. However, unlike the otherwise similar Apple Desktop Bus connector used by Apple, a given system's keyboard and mouse port may not be interchangeable since the two devices use a different set of commands.

neg: IBM 2540 The IBM 2540 was a punched-card computer peripheral manufactured by IBM Corporation for use of System/360 and later computer systems. The 2540 was designed by IBM's Data Processing Division in Rochester, Minnesota, and was introduced in 1965. The 2540 could read punched-cards at 1000 cards per minute (CPM) and punch at 300  CPM. The 2540 was based on the design of the older, slightly slower, 1402.

neg: IBM 632 The IBM 632 was a valve-and-relay driven basic (very basic) accounting machine, introduced in 1958, that was available in seven different models. It consisted of an IBM Electric typewriter and at least a punched card unit (like the IBM 024) that housed the "electronics" in two gates (a relay gate and an electronic gate). Some machines also had a card reader unit (like the IBM 026). A small core memory provided storage for 8 numeric 12 digit words.

neg: IBM 650 The IBM 650 Magnetic Drum Data-Processing Machine is one of IBM's early computers, and the world’s first mass-produced computer. It was announced in 1953 and in 1956 enhanced as the IBM 650 RAMAC with the addition of up to four disk storage units. Almost 2,000 systems were produced, the last in 1962. Support for the 650 and its component units was withdrawn in 1969.

neg: IBM 303X Two additional processors, the 3031 and the 3032 were announced October 6, 1977.

neg: Disk II The Disk II Floppy Disk Subsystem, often rendered as Disk ][, is a 5¼-inch floppy disk drive designed by Steve Wozniak and manufactured by Apple Computer. It went on sale in June 1978 at a retail price of US$495 for pre-order; it was later sold for $595 ( ) including the controller card (which can control up to two drives) and cable. The Disk II was designed specifically for use with the Apple II personal computer family to replace the slower cassette tape storage. These floppy drives cannot be used with any Macintosh computer without an Apple IIe Card as doing so will damage the drive or the controller.

neg: IBM ThinkPad UltraPort IBM UltraPort was a nonstandard USB 1.1 port used by IBM on its range of ThinkPad laptop computers.

neg: Commodore 1551 The Commodore 1551 (originally introduced as the SFS 481) is a floppy disk drive for the Commodore Plus/4 home computer. It resembles a charcoal-colored Commodore 1541 and plugs into the cartridge port, providing faster access than the C64/1541 combination. Commodore reportedly planned an interface to allow use of the 1551 with the C64, but it was never released.

neg: Programmed Data Processor Programmed Data Processor (PDP), referred to by some customers, media and authors as "Programmable Data Processor, is a series of minicomputers made and marketed by the Digital Equipment Corporation from 1957 to 1990. The name "PDP" intentionally avoids the use of the term "computer" because, at the time of the first PDPs, computers had a reputation of being large, complicated, and expensive machines, and the venture capitalists behind Digital (especially Georges Doriot) would not support Digital's attempting to build a "computer"; the word "minicomputer" had not yet been coined. So instead, Digital used their existing line of logic modules to build a "Programmed Data Processor" and aimed it at a market that could not afford the larger computers.

neg: Compaq Portable 386 The Compaq Portable 386 was a computer released by Compaq Computer Corporation in 1987. Its street price upon its release was US$12,000–14,000 for a model equipped with an 20 MHz Intel 80386 CPU, 2 MB RAM, 16 kB ROM , 1.2 MB 5¼-inch floppy, 40 or 100 MB hard disk , and a 10" amber colored gas-plasma display. Power is supplied using a mains electricity outlet, a battery exists however just stores the BIOS configuration. Option for Intel 80387 (FPU). An expansion box for two IBM-AT ISA card slots available.

neg: Sun-1 Sun-1 was the first generation of UNIX computer workstations and servers produced by Sun Microsystems, launched in May 1982. These were based on a CPU board designed by Andy Bechtolsheim while he was a graduate student at Stanford University and funded by DARPA. The Sun-1 systems ran SunOS 0.9, a port of UniSoft's UniPlus V7 port of Seventh Edition UNIX to the Motorola 68000 microprocessor, with no window system. Early Sun-1 workstations and servers used the original Sun logo, a series of red "U"s laid out in a square, rather than the more familiar purple diamond shape used later.


query: Which rock band, Social Distortion or Wolf Parade, is Canadian?

pos: Social Distortion Social Distortion is an American punk rock band formed in 1978 in Fullerton, California. The band currently consists of Mike Ness (lead vocals, lead guitar), Jonny Wickersham (rhythm guitar, backing vocals), Brent Harding (bass, backing vocals), David Hidalgo Jr. (drums), and David Kalish (keyboards).

pos: Wolf Parade Wolf Parade is an indie rock band formed in 2003 in Montreal, Quebec of musicians from British Columbia. The band went on indefinite hiatus in 2011, but announced its return to recording and performing in January 2016.

neg: Spencer Krug Spencer Krug ( ) (born May 4, 1977) is a Canadian musician. He is the singer, songwriter and keyboardist for the indie rock band Moonface. He has also performed with other Canadian bands including Wolf Parade, Sunset Rubdown, Swan Lake, Frog Eyes, Fifths of Seven, and ska band the Two Tonne Bowlers, playing various instruments. His involvement in many musical acts has garnered him a noticeably high output of work, being credited on several releases a year. He is known for his distinctive voice and songwriting abilities.

neg: Wildlife (band) Wildlife are a Canadian indie rock band formed in 2005. The band is currently based in Toronto. The band's debut LP "Strike Hard, Young Diamond" was favourably received by both "Exclaim!" and "Chart".

neg: Sloan (band) Sloan is a Toronto-based rock/power pop quartet from Halifax, Nova Scotia. Throughout their over twenty-five-year career, Sloan has released 11 LPs, two EPs, a live album, a Greatest hits album and more than thirty singles. The band has received nine Juno Award nominations, winning one. The band is known for their sharing of songwriting from each member of the group and their unaltered line-up throughout their career. Their albums' success has made Sloan one of the most popular Canadian bands of all time.

neg: The Strumbellas The Strumbellas are a Canadian rock band, whose music has been described as alternative country, indie rock, and "gothic folk".

neg: Steve Marriner Steve Marriner, also known as Steve Gregg, (born 1984 in Ottawa, Ontario) is a Canadian multi-instrumentalist, singer, songwriter and record producer based in Ottawa, Ontario. He first garnered attention in the Ottawa blues scene in his early teens as a prodigy blues harp (harmonica) player. He also plays baritone guitar, electric guitar, piano, Hammond organ, upright bass and electric bass). As of 2016, he is the frontman, singer, one of two guitarists and harmonica player for the Canadian rock'n'roll-blues group MonkeyJunk. The band's album "To Behold" won the 2011 Juno Award for Blues Album of the Year. Prior to forming MonkeyJunk, Marriner was a member of two Ottawa bands, the Johnny Russell Band and the JW-Jones Blues Band. He appeared several times on the mainstage of the Ottawa Bluesfest as a member of the JW-Jones Blues Band.

neg: Underwhelmed "Underwhelmed" is the debut single by Canadian alternative rock band Sloan. The song was originally recorded for the band's debut EP, "Peppermint". A music video was released of the "Peppermint" version. The song was re-recorded for the band's debut full-length album, "Smeared", and was released as the album's first single. The song was the band's most successful single outside Canada, peaking at #25 on the Modern Rock Tracks chart in 1993.

neg: Bad Luck (Social Distortion song) "Bad Luck" is a punk rock song and the second track from Social Distortion's fourth studio album "Somewhere Between Heaven and Hell" which was released in 1992.

neg: Social Distortion 2001 Tour The Social Distortion 2001 Tour was a concert tour by Social Distortion. It was their first tour in three years as Mike Ness was busy with his solo project, touring throughout 1999 and the rest of the band was off doing their own thing. Dennis Danell was working as a producer in the Orange County area for up-and-coming punk bands and he was also in the process of recording demos for his side project. John Maurer had started his own side band as well, Foxy. Foxy had just released its debut album. On this tour, the band premiered new songs off of the Sex, Love and Rock 'n' Roll album like, "Footprints On My Ceiling", "I Wasn't Born to Follow" and "Angel's Wings" and "Road Zombie", although, "Angel's Wings" sounded almost different with different lyrics than its studio counterpart. They even played a couple songs that were rare to hear at a Social Distortion concert those days, "Hour of Darkness", "Backstreet Girl", "I Won't Run No More", "When She Begins", "King of Fools" and "Down On the World Again". This was also one of the few tours where Social Distortion did not have ANY opening acts.

neg: Fallen Empires Tour The Fallen Empires Tour was a world tour by Scottish/Northern Irish alternative rock band Snow Patrol.

neg: Salvation Town Salvation Town is the debut album from Jonny Wickersham, guitarist for punk band Social Distortion. The album was released on April 1, 2014. The producer of the album was Dave Kalish, a long-time friend and collaborator of Jonny's.

neg: Hard Times and Nursery Rhymes Hard Times and Nursery Rhymes is the seventh studio album by the American punk rock band Social Distortion, released on January 18, 2011. It is the band's first album recorded with bassist Brent Harding, their first album of new material since 2004's "Sex, Love and Rock 'n' Roll", and their first release on Epitaph Records. Work on the album began in 2006 and it was originally forecast for a 2007 release, but was pushed back several times while the band continued touring and writing new material. After four years of writing, Social Distortion recorded the album from February to July 2010 at Ocean Studios in Burbank, California. Drummer Atom Willard left the group during the recording sessions in favor of his other band, Angels & Airwaves. He was temporarily replaced by Scott Reeder before David Hidalgo, Jr. joined as the band's new permanent drummer. Despite being listed as a band member on the album, Hidalgo did not actually play on it; instead, the band hired session musician Josh Freese to record the drum tracks.

neg: The Consumer Goods The Consumer Goods was a Canadian indie rock/pop band originally from Winnipeg, Manitoba. Their politically charged music earned both praise and contempt, and made them controversial figures in the Canadian indie rock scene in the 2000s. Between 2005 and 2012, they released four records and scored two significant hits including "…Sam Katz," a polemic against Winnipeg's mayor that went into heavy rotation on local radio, much to Sam Katz's embarrassment, and "Hockey Night in Afghanada," an anthemic call for the separation of hockey and war-mongering that "managed to thoroughly embarrass the folks at CBC Sports when they submitted the song to CBC's contest to replace the Hockey Night In Canada Theme." The band also toured Canada extensively, appeared on the cover of "Uptown Magazine", charted in over 50 independent radio stations in Canada and the US, and were nominated for two awards (including one of CBC's annual listener-selected "Bucky Awards"). Principally powered by activist/teacher Tyler Shipley, the band relocated to Toronto in the late 2000s and released its final album there, produced by Dale Morningstar and featuring Dave Clark and Bob Egan. They are often compared to other politically minded acts from Winnipeg, most notably The Weakerthans and Propagandhi. The Consumer Goods appeared on the Winnipeg-based Grumpy Cloud Records.

neg: Kurt Robertson Kurt Robertson, also known as "Dirty Kurt" (born July 21, 1965 in Vancouver, British Columbia), is a Canadian punk rock guitarist and musician. Robertson was a member of Vancouver-based Celtic punk band The Real McKenzies from 1993 to 2013, appearing on their first seven full-length studio albums. In 2014, he joined the skate punk band SNFU.

neg: Wolfstone Wolfstone are a Scottish musical group founded in 1989, who play Celtic rock. Their repertoire consists of both original songs and traditional folk pieces. To date, they have released seven studio albums, the latest, "Terra Firma", in 2007. The band record on their own label, Once Bitten Records. The group are named after the "Wolfstone", a Pictish stone originally sited at Ardross, Easter Ross, close to where the band initially recorded.

neg: Young Liars (band) Young Liars is a Canadian indie rock band formed in 2008 in Vancouver, British Columbia. On November 9, 2011, Nettwerk Records announced that they had signed Young Liars to their record label. The band released their debut full-length, Tidal Wave on June 24th. 2014.

neg: Feist (singer) Leslie Feist (born 13 February 1976), known professionally as Feist, is a Canadian indie pop singer-songwriter and guitarist, performing both as a solo artist and as a member of the indie rock group Broken Social Scene.

neg: The Trews The Trews are a Canadian hard rock band from Antigonish, Nova Scotia, consisting of vocalist Colin MacDonald, guitarist John-Angus MacDonald, bassist Jack Syperek, and drummer Gavin Maguire. The band is currently based in Hamilton, Ontario

neg: Camouflage Nights Camouflage Nights is a Canadian electronic rock band from Toronto fronted by Rob Benvie and Ian McGettigan.

neg: The Lovvers LP The Lovvers LP is the debut studio album by Canadian noise rock band AIDS Wolf, released in 2006.

neg: Tricky Woo Tricky Woo is a Canadian indie rock band, based in Montreal. The band consists of vocalist and guitarist Andrew Dickson, guitarist Adrian Popovich, bass guitarist Alex Crowe and drummer Patrick Sayers. The band was nominated for a Juno Award for their 1999 album "Sometimes I Cry".


query: Who has directed a movie featuring the music of Omar Fadel?

pos: Omar Fadel Omar Fadel is an award winning, Los Angeles based composer for film, television, and video games. He is also a multi-instrumentalist, whose scores frequently feature him on a wide array of instruments, including guitar, piano, cello, drums and percussion. Omar’s work can be heard in numerous films, television shows and video games, namely the global game franchise , The Dictator, and the Oscar nominated film, Day One.

pos: The Dictator (2012 film) The Dictator is a 2012 British-American political satire black comedy film co-written by and starring Sacha Baron Cohen as his fourth feature film in a leading role. The film is directed by Larry Charles, who previously directed Baron Cohen's mockumentaries "Borat" and "Brüno". Baron Cohen, in the role of Admiral General Aladeen, the dictator of the fictional Republic of Wadiya visiting the United States, stars alongside Anna Faris, Ben Kingsley, Jason Mantzoukas, and an uncredited appearance by John C. Reilly.

neg: Jonny Fair Jonny Fair is an American jazz/folk singer/crooner, musician, actor and composer. Fair composed and performed the music and acted in the 2007 motion picture "Gordon Glass" starring Omar Benson Miller. Fair also acted as the sidewalk cafe Maitre D' in the opening sequence of the 2002 motion picture "Collateral Damage" starring Arnold Schwarzenegger and as the post match reporter in the 2001 made-for-TV movie "When Billie Beat Bobby" starring Ron Silver.

neg: Eaten by Lions (film) Eaten by Lions is a British comedy feature film written and directed by Jason Wingard. The film stars Antonio Aakeel, Jack Carroll, Johnny Vegas, and Asim Chaudhry. The Film is the feature-length adaptation of the director's 2013 short film 'Going to Mecca' which won best comedy at the Manchester International Film Festival. The feature follows half-brothers Omar and Pete as they embark on a journey to find Omar's estranged father, confronting him on the day of his daughters engagement party.

neg: Shahada (film) Shahada is a 2010 German drama film directed by Burhan Qurbani. It was nominated for the Golden Bear at the 60th Berlin International Film Festival. The film narrates the fates of three German-born Muslims in Berlin that collide as they struggle to find middle ground between faith and modern life in contemporary Western society.

neg: Not Fade Away (film) Not Fade Away is a 2012 drama film and the directorial debut of "The Sopranos" creator David Chase. It was released on December 21, 2012.

neg: Taper Jean Girl "Taper Jean Girl" is a song by American rock band Kings of Leon. It is the third track on their 2005 album "Aha Shake Heartbreak". A fan favorite, the song is known for its tight spiraling guitar, barely discernible, unmistakably dirty chorus, and as "Rolling Stone" calls it, "a final double-time explosion that, frankly, doesn't go on long enough." The song is featured in "Entourage" season 3 episode 12 "Sorry, Ari". The song is featured in the 2007 film "Disturbia" and plays during a scene as well as the closing credits; however, it does not appear on the soundtrack for the film. It is also featured in the 2008 film "Cloverfield" and on the soundtrack for that film.

neg: Robert Rodriguez Robert Anthony Rodriguez (born June 20, 1968) is an American filmmaker, screenwriter, and musician. He shoots and produces many of his films in Mexico and his home state, Texas. Rodriguez directed the 1992 action film "El Mariachi", which was a commercial success after grossing $2 million against a budget of $7,000. The film spawned two sequels known collectively as the "Mexico Trilogy": "Desperado" and "Once Upon a Time in Mexico". He directed "From Dusk till Dawn" in 1996 and developed its (2014–present). Rodriguez co-directed the 2005 neo-noir crime thriller anthology "Sin City" (adapted from the graphic novel of the same name) and the 2014 sequel, "". Rodriguez also directed the "Spy Kids" films, "The Faculty", as well as "The Adventures of Sharkboy and Lavagirl", "Planet Terror", and "Machete". He is a friend and frequent collaborator of filmmaker Quentin Tarantino, who founded the production company A Band Apart, which Rodriguez was a member of. In December 2013, Rodriguez launched his own cable television channel, El Rey.

neg: Omer Dadi Aur Gharwale Omar Dadi aur Gharwalay is a 2012 Pakistani Romantic drama aired on ARY Digital. It was directed by Nadeem Baig, produced by 7th Sky Entertainment and Unilever Pakistan, and written by Samina Ejaz. Its title song "Mein Sitara Subh-e-Umeed Ka" was sung by Rahat Fateh Ali Khan. Lyrics were written by Faaiz Anwar and composed by Prakash-Ashish.

neg: Unforgettable (2014 film) Unforgettable is a 2014 Bollywood drama film directed by Arshad Yusuf Pathan. The film stars Mohammed Iqbal Khan, Alka Verma and Hazel Crowney in lead roles. The film is based and shot in Dubai. It is a love story of Mohammed Iqbal Khan who is a car racer who loses his eyesight. Sujeet Shetty has scored the film's music. The film was released in India on 13 June 2014

neg: The Intouchables The Intouchables (French: Intouchables ] , UK: Untouchable) is a 2011 French buddy comedy-drama film directed by Olivier Nakache & Éric Toledano. It stars François Cluzet and Omar Sy. Nine weeks after its release in France on 2 November 2011, it became the second biggest box office hit in France, just behind the 2008 film "Welcome to the Sticks". The film was voted the cultural event of 2011 in France with 52% of votes in a poll by Fnac. The film has received several award nominations. In France, the film won the César Award for Best Actor for Omar Sy, and garnered seven further nominations for the César Awards, including the César Award for Best Film, which it lost to the Best Picture winner "The Artist".

neg: Selena: Greatest Hits Selena: Greatest Hits, is a 2003 American music film starring Jennifer Lopez, which is a tribute to Selena's music. It was released on August 5, 2003 and both English and Spanish are used. It is set in Joshua Tree, California.

neg: Hello Again (2017 film) Hello Again is an upcoming American musical film directed by Tom Gustafson and written by Cory Krueckeberg, based on the musical of same name by Michael John LaChiusa. The film stars Audra McDonald, Martha Plimpton, T. R. Knight, and Rumer Willis. Principal photography began on December 1, 2015 in New York City.

neg: Angelito (Don Omar song) "Angelito" ("Little Angel") is the first single by Don Omar taken from his album "King of Kings". It reached number one on the "Billboard" Latin Rhythm Airplay, Hot Latin Tracks and Latin Tropical Airplay charts. It appeared in the US chart, peaking at number 93 on the "Billboard" Hot 100.

neg: The Blazing Sun (1954 film) The Blazing Sun    (Arabic: صراع في الوادي  , Ṣira‘ Fī al-Wādī ) is a 1954 Egyptian romance/drama film directed by Egyptian film director Youssef Chahine and written by Helmy Halim and Ali El Zorkani. It starred Omar Sharif and Faten Hamama. This was the first film role that Omar Sharif played. In 1996, during the Egyptian Cinema centennial, this film was selected one of the best 150 Egyptian film productions. It was presented in the 1954 Cannes Film Festival under the name "The Blazing Sky".

neg: The United The United (Arabic: المتحدين) is an unreleased film produced by Touchstone Pictures. It was conceived as Disney's first ever Arabic-language film, intended primarily for Middle Eastern audiences. Produced by Rachel Gandin, "The United" was directed by Amin Matalqa, written by Nizar Wattad, and features performances from Farouk Al-Fishawy, Waleed Zuaiter, Bosaina, and Amir Scandar. It was shot in and around Amman, Jordan in January 2011 by veteran cinematographer Ray Peschke, and edited by Debbie Berman. In addition to an original score by composer, Omar Fadel, the United also features a vocal collaboration between three of the Arab world's best known rappers, Omar Offendum, Deeb, and Salah Edin.

neg: O (Omarion song) "O" is a song from American R&B singer Omarion. It was released on July 17, 2004 as the first single off his debut album of the same name. "O" was the first choice for Omarion's debut single in the UK and was picked over "Touch", which was the original choice for his first UK single. The song was Omarion's first hit as a solo artist, peaking at number 27 on the "Billboard" Hot 100 and peaked at numbers 24 and 12 on the Mainstream Top 40 and Hot R&B/Hip-Hop Songs charts respectively. The song also charted in New Zealand and the UK, peaking at numbers 18 and 47 respectively.

neg: Bodied Bodied is a 2017 American comedy-drama film directed by Joseph Kahn, and written by Alex Larsen. The film was produced by Eminem. The movie first premiered at the 2017 Toronto International Film Festival. The film stars Calum Worthy as Adam, a graduate student who becomes a competitive battle rapper after becoming immersed in the scene while working on his graduate thesis on the subject.

neg: Avenue Montaigne (film) Fauteuils d'orchestre (literal translation, Orchestra Seats) is a French film released in 2006 directed by Danièle Thompson, which she co-scripted with her son, Christopher Thompson. The film was released in the United Kingdom and Australia as "Orchestra Seats", and in the United States and English-speaking Canada as "Avenue Montaigne".

neg: El Benny El Benny is a Cuban film released in 2006, directed and co-written by Jorge Luis Sánchez, his first feature-length film. It is a fictional story based on the life of the famous Cuban musician Benny Moré. It includes new versions of his songs performed by musicians including Chucho Valdés, Juan Formell, Haila and Orishas.

neg: Music Within Music Within is a 2007 comedy-drama film directed by Steven Sawalich and starring Ron Livingston, Melissa George, Michael Sheen, Rebecca De Mornay and Marion Ross. The film tells the true story of Richard Pimentel, a respected public speaker whose hearing disability attained in the Vietnam War drove him to become an activist for the Americans with Disabilities Act.

neg: Bandoleros "Bandoleros" is a single from Don Omar that promotes both the album "Los Bandoleros" and "". It was one of the songs that brought reggaeton airplay to the United States, and was heard worldwide. Its lyrics talk about the reggaeton genre. The song was also featured in the 2006 film "", 2009 film "Fast & Furious" and in the 2013 film "Fast & Furious 6".


query: What was the profession of the owner of Cato?

pos: Cato (spy) Cato was an African-American slave who served as an American Black Patriot spy and courier gathering intelligence with his owner, Hercules Mulligan, who was a "sub-agent of the Culper Ring" in New York City. Mulligan's activities began before the Ring was formed and he operated both independently and in connection with the Ring. Cato was a vital associate in Mulligan's activities, often acting as a courier, in part through British-held territory. Historian Paul R. Misencik has written that Cato was a "faithful accomplice" of Mulligan.

pos: Hercules Mulligan Hercules Mulligan (September 25, 1740March 4, 1825) was a tailor and spy during the American Revolutionary War.

neg: Origines Origines ("Origins") is the title of a historical work by Marcus Porcius Cato.

neg: Christian Dyrvig Christian Peter Dyvig (born 11 October 1964) is a Danish lawyer, businessman and investor. He is the CEO and founder of C. P. Dyvig & Co. in Copenhagen.

neg: John C. Malone John Carl Malone (born March 7, 1941) is an American business executive, landowner and philanthropist. He served as chief executive officer (CEO) of Tele-Communications Inc. (TCI), a cable and media giant, for twenty-four years from 1973 to 1996. Malone is now chairman of Liberty Media, Liberty Global, and Liberty Interactive all which he is the majority owner, and also owns 10% of Lionsgate/Starz Inc.. He was interim CEO of Liberty Media, until succeeded by former Oracle CFO Greg Maffei.

neg: John S. Cate John S. Cate (March 25, 1839 – October 11, 1906) was an American business executive and politician who served as a member of the Massachusetts House of Representatives, a member of the Board of Selectmen, and as Mayor of Everett, Massachusetts.

neg: Don Oriolo Don Oriolo is an artist, musician, and writer best known for his work in the music publishing industry and for overseeing the Felix the Cat cartoon franchise after his father, Felix co-creator Joe Oriolo, died in 1985. Don Oriolo also owns and operates the Oriolo Guitar Company, a guitar, bass, and ukulele manufacture company whose products often feature Felix and other Oriolo-designed artwork. Oriolo has also authored a number of books featuring his paintings of Felix the Cat, whom he describes as his creative muse. Some of his music publishing credentials include writing Jon Bon Jovi's first charted track, as well as signing Meatloaf and Lisa Lisa and the Cult Jam.

neg: SACO Hardware SACO is a Saudi Arabian hardware retailing and wholesaling business. SACO has established 27 retail stores (with sizes varying from 2,500 m to 22,500 m) that operate in twelve cities in Saudi Arabia. The company employs 1,500 people and features more than 45,000 hardware items. SACO's Head office and Maintenance Service Center are located in Riyadh. SACO is an authorized dealer for Ace Hardware.

neg: Cato Street Cato Street is a play by the British actor and writer Robert Shaw. The play's subject matter is the Cato Street Conspiracy of 1820. The play was first produced in London in November 1971, at the Young Vic, and the cast included Vanessa Redgrave, James Hazeldine, Bob Hoskins, George Innes and Malcolm Tierney.

neg: C. T. Loo Ching Tsai Loo, commonly known as C. T. Loo (; 1February 1880August15, 1957), was an art dealer of Chinese origin who maintained galleries in Paris and New York and supplied important pieces for collectors and American museums. He has been called "the preeminent dealer of Chinese art and artifacts for the first half of the twentieth century," but also criticized for his active role in removing antiques and archaeological treasures from China for sale to western collectors.

neg: SCO Group SCO, The SCO Group, The TSG Group, Caldera Systems, and Caldera International are the various names of an American software company that became known for acquiring the Santa Cruz Operation's Server Software and Services divisions, and UnixWare and OpenServer technologies, and then pursuing a series of legal battles known as the SCO-Linux controversies.

neg: Carlo Cattaneo Carlo Cattaneo (] ; Milan, June 15, 1801 – Castagnola, February 6, 1869) was an Italian philosopher and writer, famous for his role in the Five Days of Milan on March 1849, when he led the city council during the rebellion.

neg: Moshe Mano Moshe Mano (born 1955, in Haifa, Israel) is a businessman who is active in the maritime, hospitality and real estate industries. He is the founder, President and CEO of the Mano Holdings Group, which includes Mano Maritime Ltd., Mano Holidays Ltd. and Bambook Properties Ltd.

neg: Kano (company) Kano is a London-based computing company which makes DIY computer and coding kits, designed to allow all ages to build their own technology. Alex Klein is Kano's cofounder CEO and John Makinson, former Chairman of Penguin Random House, is its Chairman.

neg: Chief commercial officer The Chief Commercial Officer (CCO) is an executive-level role, with the holder being responsible for the commercial strategy and the development of an organization. It typically involves activities relating to marketing, sales, product development and customer service to drive business growth and market share. As a corporate officer position, the CCO generally reports directly to the chief executive officer (CEO) and is primarily concerned with ensuring the integrated commercial success of an organization. The role typically must combine technical knowledge of the relevant field with strong marketing and business development skills.

neg: Geoffrey Edmund Cator Sir Geoffrey Edmund Cator C.M.G. (1884 – 1973 in Lacock, Wiltshire, England), he was the son of Ronert Cator of Bath. Married with Elizabeth Margaret Wynne Mostyn in 1922, he had a son, Peter John Cator (26 October 1924 - 22 January 2006) and daughter Rosemary Ann Cator.

neg: Cato, Wisconsin Cato is a town in Manitowoc County, Wisconsin, United States. The population was 1,616 at the 2000 census. The unincorporated communities of Cato, Cato Falls, Clarks Mills, Grimms, Madsen, and North Grimms are located within the town. A Manitowoc County park is located in the town which is called "Cato Falls" for a waterfall on the Manitowoc River.

neg: Michael F. Cannon Michael F. Cannon is director of health policy studies at the Cato Institute and an outspoken critic of the Affordable Care Act.

neg: Willem Grasso Willem Grasso (20 April 1833 – 20 March 1903) was the founder of Grasso’s Royal Machine Factories Ltd.

neg: Dio Chrysostom Dio Chrysostom ( ; Greek: Δίων Χρυσόστομος "Dion Chrysostomos"), Dion of Prusa or Dio Cocceianus (c. 40 CE – c. 115 CE), was a Greek orator, writer, philosopher and historian of the Roman Empire in the 1st century. Eighty of his "Discourses" (or "Orations"; Λόγοι ) are extant, as well as a few Letters and a funny mock essay "In Praise of Hair", as well as a few other fragments. His surname "Chrysostom" comes from the Greek "chrysostomos" (χρυσόστομος), which literally means "golden-mouthed". He should not be confused with the Roman historian Cassius Dio, nor with the 4th-century bishop John Chrysostom of Constantinople.

neg: Ray Dalio Raymond Dalio (born August 8, 1949) is an American investor, hedge fund manager and philanthropist. Dalio is the founder of investment firm Bridgewater Associates, one of the world's largest hedge funds.

neg: Christensen & Co Christensen & Co (CCO) is an architectural firm based in Copenhagen, Denmark. It was founded in 2006 by Michael Christensen and is particularly known for its work in sustainable architecture, often with the educational sector.


query: What famous song recorded live by Bob Marley in 1975 might have been written by Vincent Ford?

pos: Vincent Ford Vincent Ford (c. 1940 – 28 December 2008), known as "Tata" or "Tartar", was a Jamaican songwriter best known for receiving writing credit for "No Woman, No Cry", the reggae song made famous by Bob Marley & The Wailers, as well as three other Bob Marley songs. However, controversy persisted as to whether the compositions had actually been written by Marley himself, and had been credited to Ford to allow Marley to avoid contractual obligations, resulting in a legal battle that ended with the Marley estate being granted control of the songs.

pos: No Woman, No Cry "No Woman, No Cry" is a reggae song by Bob Marley and the Wailers. The song first became known in 1974 through the studio album "Natty Dread". The live version from the 1975 album "Live!" was released as a single and is the best known version — it was included on the greatest hits compilation "Legend" and was recorded at the Lyceum Theatre in London on July 19, 1975 as part of his "Natty Dread Tour".

neg: Soul Revolution Soul Revolution is an album by Bob Marley and the Wailers. It was produced by Lee "Scratch" Perry and the Wailers. A "dub" version with the vocals removed was released as "Soul Revolution Part II". In 1988 both versions were released as one set.

neg: Ramaya "Ramaya" is a song by Afric Simone in 1975.

neg: Fly Away (John Denver song) "Fly Away" is a 1975 song written and performed by John Denver featuring vocals by Olivia Newton-John. Released as a single from the "Windsong" album, "Fly Away" peaked at number 13 on the "Billboard" Hot 100 chart and spent two weeks atop the adult contemporary chart in early-1976, Denver's sixth number one on this chart. "Fly Away" also peaked at number 12 on the country chart.

neg: I Want More (Can song) "I Want More" is a song on Can's 1976 album "Flow Motion". Unusually, it features all of the members of the band on vocals simultaneously and is characteristic of their Virgin era sound, with lyrics written by Peter Gilmour.

neg: Without Your Love (Roger Daltrey song) "Without Your Love" is a song released in 1980 by Roger Daltrey of The Who written by Billy Nicholls and was a hit for him on his album "McVicar". The song was written for the soundtrack of the film "McVicar", a bio-pic of English bank robber John McVicar, that was produced by Daltrey and also featured him in the starring role.

neg: Bob Marley and the Wailers Bob Marley and the Wailers were a Jamaican reggae band led by Bob Marley which developed from the earlier ska vocal group, the Wailers, created by Marley with Peter Tosh and Bunny Wailer in 1963. By late 1963 singers Junior Braithwaite, Beverley Kelso, and Cherry Smith had joined the Wailers. By the early 1970s, Marley and Bunny Wailer had learned to play some instruments and brothers Aston "Family Man" Barrett (bass) and Carlton Barrett (drums), had joined the band. After Bunny Wailer and Peter Tosh left the band in 1974, Marley began touring with new band members. His new backing band included the Barrett brothers, Junior Marvin and Al Anderson on lead guitar, Tyrone Downie and Earl "Wya" Lindo on keyboards, and Alvin "Seeco" Patterson on percussion. The "I Threes", consisting of Judy Mowatt, Marcia Griffiths, and Marley's wife, Rita, provided backing vocals.

neg: Funky President (People It's Bad) "Funky President (People It's Bad)" is a funk song by James Brown. Released as a single in 1974, it charted #4 R&B. It also appeared on the album "Reality". According to Brown the "funky president" of the song's title was meant to refer to U.S. President Gerald Ford, who had succeeded Richard Nixon in the White House shortly before it was recorded.

neg: Live from Las Vegas (Frank Sinatra album) Live from Las Vegas is a 2005 live album by the American singer Frank Sinatra.

neg: Live (Luciano album) Live is a 2000 reggae album by Luciano, the Jamaican second-generation roots reggae artist and poet.

neg: Cindy Breakspeare Cynthia Jean Cameron Breakspeare (born October 24, 1954) — known as Cindy Breakspeare — is a Canadian-Jamaican jazz musician and former model. She was crowned Miss World 1976. She is the mother of Grammy-winning reggae musician Damian Marley, through her relationship with reggae legend Bob Marley, who remained married to Rita Marley until his death. Bob is said to have written the songs "Waiting in Vain", "She Used To Call Me Dada" and "Turn Your Lights Down Low" about her and their love.

neg: Turn Your Lights Down Low "Turn Your Lights Down Low" is a song by Bob Marley & The Wailers from their 1977 album "Exodus". It is the only song on Side B of the album that was not released as a single.

neg: Natty Dread Natty Dread is a 1974 album by Bob Marley and the Wailers. It was the first album released as Bob Marley and the Wailers instead of just the Wailers, the first recorded without Peter Tosh and Bunny Wailer, and the first recorded with the I Threes, a female vocal trio consisting of Marcia Griffiths, Judy Mowatt, and Marley's wife, Rita Marley.

neg: Troubadour (J. J. Cale album) Troubadour is a 1976 album by J. J. Cale, his fourth since his debut in 1972. Eric Clapton covered the song "Cocaine" on his 1977 album "Slowhand", turning it into one of his biggest hits. He later covered the track "Travelin' Light" for his 2001 studio album "Reptile". "Travelin' Light" was also recorded by Widespread Panic for their album "Space Wrangler" in 1988.

neg: Songs for the Road Songs for the Road is the second solo album by singer-songwriter David Ford, released as a digital download in August 2007. The physical release was released on 15 October 2007. A charts website listed "Decimate" as a chart-topper in Croatia, but has been debated as the single was never released as a single in that country, and may have been a radio-voting chart instead. Ford released his version of The Smiths' "There Is a Light That Never Goes Out" as a bonus track.

neg: Live It Up! (film) Live It Up! is a British music-film (US release title: Sing and Swing) released in 1963. It was filmed at Pinewood Film Studios in London, England, and featured Gene Vincent, Jenny Moss, The Outlaws, Patsy Ann Noble, The Saints and Heinz Burt (most of them being produced by Joe Meek who wrote the film's theme) among others. It was filmed at Pinewood Studios in Buckinghamshire, England. The film also featured a young actor called Steve Marriott who went on to become a well-known singer with Small Faces and Humble Pie.

neg: Because the Night "Because the Night" is a song written by Bruce Springsteen and Patti Smith that was first released in 1978 as a single off the Patti Smith Group album "Easter". It rose to number 13 on the "Billboard" Hot 100 chart, as well as number five in the United Kingdom, and helped propel sales of "Easter" to mainstream success—even as Smith was deciding to retire from a life of constant touring. In 1987, the song was ranked number 116 on "NME" magazine's list of "The Top 150 Singles of All Time". It remains one of the best-known songs of Smith's catalog.

neg: Viva! (Roxy Music album) Viva! Roxy Music was the first live Roxy Music album. It was released in August 1976 and was recorded at three venues in the United Kingdom between 1973 and 1975. The recordings were from the band's shows at the Glasgow Apollo in November 1973, Newcastle City Hall in October 1974 and the Wembley Empire Pool in October 1975.

neg: Sweet Gene Vincent "Sweet Gene Vincent" is a song and single by Ian Dury. Taken from his first solo album "New Boots and Panties!!" it was his second solo single and third solo release and is a tribute to Rock 'n' Roll singer Gene Vincent. It was released November 1977 on the single BUY 23 "Sweet Gene Vincent / You're More Than Fair" and there was no picture sleeve released.

neg: Trapped (Jimmy Cliff song) "Trapped" is a 1972 song written and recorded by reggae artist Jimmy Cliff and popularized by Bruce Springsteen in the 1980s.

neg: Max Romeo Max Romeo (born Maxwell Livingston Smith, 22 November 1944) is a Jamaican reggae and roots reggae recording artist who has achieved chart success in his home country and in the United Kingdom. Romeo had several hits with the vocal group the Emotions. His song "Wet Dream" (1968) included overtly sexual lyrics and launched a new style of reggae.