query: What is the name of the underground rap group that former American drug dealer who partnered with Rich Porter and Alpo Martinez founded?

pos: Rich Porter Richard "Rich" Porter (July 26, 1965January 4, 1990) was an American drug dealer who rose to prominence in Harlem during the War on Drugs in the mid-1980s; police described him as being a "high-level crack dealer" who "sold about $50,000 worth of crack a week". The 2002 film "Paid in Full" was based on Rich and his partners Azie Faison and Alpo Martinez.

pos: Azie Faison Azie Faison (pronounced "A.Z.") is an American former drug dealer, selling cocaine in Harlem, New York, as well as a rapper and founder of the underground hip-hop group MobStyle. His legacy has been referenced by several rap artists, and his life was the basis for the film "Paid in Full" produced by Roc-A-Fella Films.

neg: Brownside Brownside is a Chicano hip-hop group founded in 1993 by the late Eazy-E. The group originally consisted of rappers Toker (Gilbert Izquierdo), Wicked (Pierre Lamas), and Danger (Carlos Martinez), who was shot dead in 1996 from a drive-by. Originally, Eazy-E's intentions on signing Brownside to Ruthless Records was to create a Chicano version of the critically acclaimed rap group N.W.A. Toker had attended high school in Compton, California where he later met Eazy-E, and the two developed a great friendship until Eazy-E's death in 1995. It is said that towards the end of Eazy's life he was attracted to Chicano rap in California and saw this as a new market to break into. Brownside has been known to use Sureño slang in their lyrics, as well as album covers.

neg: Bataka Squad Bataka Squad (formerly Bataka Underground) is a pioneering Ugandan hip hop group. The group was formed by Babaluku (a.k.a. Sniperous MC), Saba Saba aka Krazy Native and Big Poppa Momo MC. Founded in the mid-1990s, it is one of the earliest hip hop groups in Uganda.

neg: Mr. Porter Denaun Porter (born December 7, 1978), also known by the stage names Mr. Porter and Kon Artis, is an American rapper and record producer. He was best known as a member of Detroit rap group D12, until his departure in 2012, to focus on his solo career as a producer and rapper. In 2014 he rejoined D12 and was featured on the "Shady XV" album.

neg: Funkdoobiest Funkdoobiest is an American rap group from Los Angeles, California. The original members were Son Doobie (Jason Vasquez), DJ Ralph M (Ralph Medrano) and Tomahawk Funk (Tyrone Pacheco). The latter left after their second album.

neg: ASAP Mob ASAP Mob (stylized as A$AP Mob) is an American hip hop collective formed in 2006, in Harlem, New York, by members ASAP Yams, ASAP Bari and ASAP Illz . The Mob is a collective of rappers, record producers, music video directors and fashion designers, who share similar interests in music, fashion, style and art. The collective mainly consists of New York-based rappers, most of whom carry the "ASAP" moniker, such as ASAP Rocky, ASAP Ferg, ASAP Twelvyy, ASAP Nast and ASAP Ant. The collective's resident record producer, ASAP Ty Beats, also carries the moniker and has produced several songs for his ASAP Mob cohorts, most notably Rocky's solo debut single "Peso".

neg: Pedro Oliverio Guerrero Pedro Oliviero Guerrero Castillo (a.k.a. Cuchillo/The Knife) – December 24, 2010) was a Colombian drug lord and the former leader of the "Colombian Popular Revolutionary Antiterrorist Army" (Spanish: Ejército Revolucionario Popular Anti-terrorista de Colombia (ERPAC) ), a drug trafficking, right wing paramilitary organization. His nickname came from the favoured weapon he used on his victims.

neg: 18th Street gang 18th Street, also known as "Calle 18" , "Barrio 18" , "Mara 18" , or simply "La 18" in Central America, is a multi-ethnic (largely Central American and Mexican) transnational criminal organization that started as a street gang in Los Angeles. They are considered to be the largest transnational criminal gang in Los Angeles and it is estimated that there are tens of thousands of members in Los Angeles County alone. Their wide-ranging illegal activities and notoriety has come to the attention of the FBI and Immigration and Customs Enforcement. In the early 2000s, the government initiated raids against known and suspected gang members netting hundreds of arrests across the country.

neg: Gangsta Pat Patrick Hall (born November 17, 1973), better known by his stage name Gangsta Pat, is an American rapper from Memphis, Tennessee who established himself in the Memphis underground during the late 1980s and is the son of Stax Records drummer, Willie Hall. Gangsta Pat is also one of the first rap artists from the city to make the move from an indie label to a major label when signing to Atlantic records during the start of the Gangsta rap era. He wrote, produced, and played all of the instruments on his early releases.

neg: Harlem 6 Harlem 6 (also called Harlem 6 Wu-Tang) is a hip-hop, R&B, and reggaeton group affiliated with the Wu-Tang Clan & Gang Starr Foundation.

neg: Organized Konfusion Organized Konfusion (OK) is an alternative hip hop duo from Queens, New York. Though not commercially popular, the duo was one of the most respected and acclaimed underground hip hop acts of the 1990s, largely due to the groundbreaking lyrics of Pharoahe Monch and Prince Po.

neg: Héctor Luis Palma Salazar Héctor Luis Palma Salazar (a.k.a.: "El Güero Palma") is a former Mexican drug trafficker and former leader of the Sinaloa Cartel alongside Joaquín "El Chapo" Guzmán. Palma was arrested on June 23, 1995 and deported to the United States, where he served a jail sentence until June 2016. He was then extradited back to Mexico in June 2016, where he was charged with a double murder in 1995, in Nayarit.

neg: Proper Dos Proper Dos is a Mexican-American hip hop group composed of Frank Villareal (rapper), Ernie Gonzalez (producer), "Big Bass" Brian (mastering), and Stuart Wylen (bass guitar, keyboards, congas). The group released an album, "Mexican Power", in 1992 on Rhino Records. After this came "We're at It Again" in 1995, "Heat" in 1998, and "Overdose" in 1999.

neg: Muerte a Secuestradores Muerte a Secuestradores (English: "Death to Kidnappers") or MAS, was a Colombian paramilitary group supported by drug cartels, U.S. corporations, Colombian politicians, and wealthy landowners during the 1980s in order to protect their economic interests and fight kidnapping. Muerte a Secuestradores has assassinated political opponents and community organizers, and waged counterinsurgency warfare against guerrilla movements such as the FARC-EP and the M-19.

neg: Ingco Crew Ingco Crew is a famous reggaeton group from the Dominican Republic. Their members are Little K, MC Pablo, and K.T. They were featured on the 100% Dominicano: La Nueva Sangre del Reggaeton album. Their top songs include "Ella no te quiere" (with Krisspy), "Quisiera Saber", "Tu y Yo", "Saca Candela" (with Grupo Aguakate), and "Sobala, Sobala" (with Big Family). They fuse bachata, merengue, and other dance styles with the dembow beat of Reggaeton, while rapping over it. MC Pablo has also stated that his influences include American rappers Method Man and producer and rapper Dr. Dre.

neg: Secret Society (band) Secret Society is an American hip-hop group from Brooklyn, New York. The group was ultimately formed in 2005 by Necro and Non Phixion, but its members had previously collaborated on numerous occasions prior to Secret Society's formation. Previously, all five members of Secret Society had been notable contributors in the underground rap scene.

neg: Tha Alkaholiks Tha Alkaholiks, also known as Tha Liks, is an American hip hop trio from Los Angeles, California. Since the early 1990s they have produced party music with a hardcore hip hop edge, powered by the beats of DJ and producer E-Swift (born Eric Brooks in Columbus, Georgia, raised in Toledo, Ohio) and the rhymes of J-Ro (born James Robinson in Los Angeles) and Tash (born Rico Smith in Cincinnati). Though commercial crossover success largely eluded the group, they maintained a dedicated following on their native West Coast, throughout the United States and worldwide.

neg: 69 Boyz 69 Boyz is an American Miami bass and hip hop group originating from Jacksonville, Florida, but now based largely in Orlando, Florida. The group was initiated by producers C.C. Lemonhead and Jay Ski (of Chill Deal, Quad City DJs and 95 South), and consists of rappers Van "Thrill Da Playa" Bryant, Barry "Fast" Wright, Pat Hicks, Greg "Slow" Thomas, and "Rottweiler" Mike Mike.

neg: O.F.T.B. O.F.T.B. (an abbreviation of Operation From The Bottom) was an American hip hop group from the Watts district of South Los Angeles, California. The group O.F.T.B. consisted of three founding actual gang members Kevin “Flipside” White, Sammy “Bust Stop” Williams, and Ronald “Low M.B.” Watkins, who grew up in Nickerson Gardens Project, which is home to the notorious gang Bounty Hunter Bloods. They were signed to Big Beat Records where they released their debut album "Straight Up Watts" in 1992 with the hit single "Slangin' Dope".

neg: King Tone Antonio Fernandez, also known as King Tone, is the former head of the Latin Kings (the largest Hispanic street gang in the US). In 1999, Fernandez was sentenced to 12 to 15 years for conspiring to sell narcotics. He is the main figure in the HBO documentary, "Latin Kings: A Street Gang story", which was released in 2007. He is also featured in the book, "The Misfit Economy," by Alexa Clay, which was published in 2015. Upon his release, Fernandez has shared his insights as a former gang leader and political activist, and how that relates to the "legitimate world".

neg: Cocaine 80s Cocaine 80s is an American hip hop collective founded in 2011, by record producer No I.D.. With James Fauntleroy serving as lead singer on each song, the group has collectively released four full-length projects: "The Pursuit EP" (2011), "Ghost Lady EP" (2011), "Express OG EP" (2012) and "The Flower of Life" (2013).


query: Toni Lopopolo is a literary agent whose book publishing career began in 1970 in the publicity department of Bantam Books, where she helped publicize authors such as which English author of romance novels, one of the best-selling authors as well as one of the most prolific and commercially successful worldwide of the twentieth century, with her 723 novels were translated into 38 languages and she continues to be referenced in the "Guinness World Records" for the most novels published in a single year in 1976?

pos: Toni Lopopolo Toni Lopopolo is a literary agent whose book publishing career began in 1970 in the publicity department of Bantam Books, where she helped publicize authors such as Philip Roth, Barbara Cartland, Isaac Asimov and Louis L'Amour.

pos: Barbara Cartland Dame Mary Barbara Hamilton Cartland DBE CStJ (9 July 1901 – 21 May 2000) was an English author of romance novels, one of the best-selling authors as well as one of the most prolific and commercially successful worldwide of the twentieth century. Her 723 novels were translated into 38 languages and she continues to be referenced in the "Guinness World Records" for the most novels published in a single year in 1976. As Barbara Cartland she is known for her numerous romantic novels but she also wrote under her married name of Barbara McCorquodale and briefly under the pseudonym of Marcus Belfry. She wrote more than 700 books, as well as plays, music, verse, drama, magazine articles and operetta, and was a prominent philanthropist. She reportedly sold more than 750 million copies. Other sources estimate her book sales at more than two billion copies. She specialised in 19th-century Victorian era pure romance. Her novels all featured portrait-style artwork, particularly the cover art, usually designed by Frances Marshall.

neg: Lee Wilkinson Lee Wilkinson (born Nottingham, England) is a popular British writer of over 30 romance novels in Mills & Boon since 1987, and is now publishing independently through the site "Lulu".

neg: Marian Keyes Marian Keyes (born 10 September 1963) is an Irish novelist and non-fiction writer, best known for her work in women's literature. She is an Irish Book Awards winner. By March 2017 over 35 million copies of her twelve novels preceding "The Break" (2017) have been sold and been translated into 33 languages. She became known worldwide for "Watermelon", "Lucy Sullivan is Getting Married", and "This Charming Man", with themes including domestic violence and alcoholism.

neg: Stephen McKenna (novelist) Stephen McKenna (27 February 1888 – 26 September 1967) was an English novelist who wrote forty-seven novels, mostly focusing on English upper-class society, and six non-fiction titles. He published his first novel, "The Reluctant Lover", in 1912. His best-known novel, "Sonia: Between Two Worlds", was published in 1917. It was the tenth best-selling novel for 1918 in the United States, and also made into a British film of the same name in 1921.

neg: Reay Tannahill Reay Tannahill (9 December 1929 – 2 November 2007) was a British historian, non-fiction writer, and novelist, best known perhaps for two non-fiction bestsellers: "Food in History" and "Sex in History". She also wrote under the pseudonym Annabel Laine. Her novel "Passing Glory" won in 1990 the Romantic Novel of the Year Award by the Romantic Novelists' Association.

neg: Teresa Medeiros Teresa Medeiros (born 1962/1963) is a United States award-winning romance novelist with more than eight million books in print. She wrote her first novel at 21 and has since gone on to publish 23 books. Before becoming a well-known author, she was a nurse. According to her official biography, she lives in Kentucky with her husband and cat.

neg: The Yearling The Yearling is the 1938 novel written by Marjorie Kinnan Rawlings. It was published in March 1938. It was the main selection of the Book of the Month Club in April 1938. It was the number one best seller for twenty-three consecutive weeks in 1938. As well as being the best-selling novel in America in 1938, it was the seventh-best in 1939. It sold over 250,000 copies in 1938. It has been translated into Spanish, Chinese, French, Japanese, German, Italian, Russian and twenty-two other languages. It won the Pulitzer Prize for the Novel in 1939.

neg: Dusty Answer Dusty Answer is English author Rosamond Lehmann's first novel, published in 1927. She sent it unsolicited to publishers Chatto & Windus who agreed to publish it, saying it showed 'decided quality'. It went unnoticed on initial publication but then received an effusive review by respected critic Alfred Noyes of "The Sunday Times" who called it 'the sort of novel Keats would have written', which brought it to public attention and it became a bestseller, and according to "The Guardian" a 'landmark book of the interwar period'. Its success allowed her to leave her then husband and run off with maverick artist Wogan Philipps whom she later married.

neg: Doris Miles Disney Doris Miles Disney (December 22, 1907 – March 9, 1976) was an American mystery writer. She wrote 49 novels. Many of them were best sellers, and several were made into feature films or TV movies.

neg: Sensation novel The sensation novel, also sensation fiction, was a literary genre of fiction that achieved peak popularity in Great Britain in the 1860s and 1870s. Its literary forebears included the melodramatic novels and the Newgate novels, which focused on tales woven around criminal biographies; it also drew on the gothic and romantic genres of fiction. The genre's popularity was conjoined to an expanding book market and growth of a reading public, by-products of the Industrial Revolution. Whereas romance and realism had traditionally been contradictory modes of literature, they were brought together in sensation fiction. The sensation novelists commonly wrote stories that were allegorical and abstract; the abstract nature of the stories gave the authors room to explore scenarios that wrestled with the social anxieties of the Victorian era. The loss of identity is seen in many sensation fiction stories because this was a common social anxiety; in Britain, there was an increased use in record keeping and therefore people questioned the meaning and permanence of identity. The social anxiety regarding identity is reflected in novels such as "The Woman in White" and "Lady Audley's Secret".

neg: Margaret Way Margaret Way is an Australian writer of romance novels and women's fiction. A prolific author, Way has written more than 120 novels, many through Mills & Boon, a romance imprint of British publisher Harlequin UK Ltd., owned by Harlequin Enterprises.

neg: James Hadley Chase James Hadley Chase (24 December 1906 – 6 February 1985) was an English writer. While his birth name was René Lodge Brabazon Raymond, he was well known by his various pseudonyms, including James Hadley Chase, James L. Docherty, Raymond Marshall, R. Raymond, and Ambrose Grant. He was one of the best known thriller writers of all time. The canon of Chase, comprising 90 titles, earned him a reputation as the king of thriller writers in Europe. He was also one of the internationally best-selling authors, and, so far, 50 of his books have been made into films.

neg: Jessica Steele Jessica Steele (born 9 May 1933) is a popular British author of over 85 romance novels. Her novels have been published by Mills & Boon since 1979.

neg: Regency romance Regency romances are a subgenre of romance novels set during the period of the British Regency (1811–1820) or early 19th century. Rather than simply being versions of contemporary romance stories transported to a historical setting, Regency romances are a distinct genre with their own plot and stylistic conventions. These derive not so much from the 19th-century contemporary works of Jane Austen, but rather from Georgette Heyer, who wrote over two dozen novels set in the Regency starting in 1935 until her death in 1974, and from the fiction genre known as the novel of manners. In particular, the more traditional Regencies feature a great deal of intelligent, fast-paced dialogue between the protagonists and very little explicit sex or discussion of sex.

neg: Jasmine Cresswell Jasmine Rosemary Cresswell (born 1941 in Wales) is a best-selling author of over 50 romance novels as Jasmine Cresswell and Jasmine Craig.

neg: Jacqueline Briskin Jacqueline Briskin, née Orgell (18 December 1927 – 24 December 2014) was a British-born American writer specializing in historical fiction from 1970 to 1995. Her books regularly appear on the "New York Times" bestseller's list. She was a main Selection of the Literary Guild and Doubleday Book Club seven times, her novels were translated into 26 languages, and has sold 23,000,000 copies worldwide.

neg: English novel The English novel is an important part of English literature. This article mainly concerns novels, written in English, by novelists who were born or have spent a significant part of their lives in England, or Scotland, or Wales, or Northern Ireland (or Ireland before 1922). However, given the nature of the subject, this guideline has been applied with common sense, and reference is made to novels in other languages or novelists who are not primarily British where appropriate.

neg: Josephine Bell Josephine Bell, pseudonym of Doris Bell Collier, (8 December 1897 – 24 April 1987), was an English physician and writer. Bell wrote nineteen novels and forty-five mystery novels in her lifetime, as well as radio plays, short stories, and series for women's magazines.

neg: Possession (Byatt novel) Possession: A Romance is a 1990 best-selling novel by British writer A. S. Byatt that won the 1990 Booker Prize. The novel explores the postmodern concerns of similar novels, which are often categorised as historiographic metafiction, a genre that blends approaches from both historical fiction and metafiction.

neg: Ninety-nine Novels Anthony Burgess's book Ninety-Nine Novels: The Best in English since 1939 — A Personal Choice (Allison & Busby, 1984, ISBN  ) covers a 44-year span between 1939 and 1983. Burgess was a prolific reader, in his early career reviewing more than 350 novels in just over two years for the "Yorkshire Post". In the course of his career he wrote over thirty novels.

neg: Essie Summers Essie Summers (born Ethel Snelson Summers, 4 July 1912 – 27 August 1998) was a New Zealand author whose romance novels sold more than 19 million copies in 105 countries. She was known as New Zealand's "Queen of Romance".


query: What was Kate Garvey's husband's nickname?

pos: Kate Garvey Kate Garvey is an English public relations executive and a former aide to prime minister Tony Blair. She is married to Wikipedia co-founder Jimmy Wales.

pos: Jimmy Wales Jimmy Donal Wales ( ; born August 7, 1966), also known as Jimbo Wales, is an American Internet entrepreneur. He is the co-founder of Wikipedia, the online non-profit encyclopedia, and the for-profit web hosting company Wikia.

neg: Sir Edward Burgh Sir Edward Burgh (pronounced as Borough) (d. before April 1533) was the eldest son and heir to Sir Thomas Burgh, 1st Baron Burgh and his wife Agnes Tyrwhit. He is known for being the first husband of Catherine Parr, later Queen consort to King Henry VIII. 18th-century historians have mistaken him for his grandfather, the elderly, Sir Edward Burgh, 2nd Baron Burgh of Gainsborough.

neg: Kukuruznik Kukuruznik is a Russian word derived from "kukuruza", maize. It was used as a nickname for the following.

neg: Esther Johnson Esther Johnson (March 13, 1681 – January 28, 1728) was the English friend of Jonathan Swift, known as "Stella". Whether or not she and Swift were secretly married, and if so why the marriage was never made public, remains a subject of intense debate.

neg: Prince Constantine Constantinovich of Russia Prince Constantine Constantinovich of Russia ("Константин Константинович"; 1 January 1891 – 18 July 1918), nicknamed Kostya by the family, was the fourth child of Grand Duke Constantine Constantinovich of Russia by his wife Grand Duchess Elizabeth Mavrikievna of Russia.

neg: Kate Garven Kate Garven (born 18 February 1986) is an Australian actress best known as Jade Sutherland on the television series "Home and Away", playing the role from 2000 to 2004.

neg: Grant Bovey Grant Michael Bovey (born March 1961 in Nottingham, England) is a British businessman and television personality. He is best known for his bankruptcy and his marriage to television presenter, Anthea Turner.

neg: Conor Conor is a male given name that comes from the Irish name "Conchobhar/Conchubhar" or from the name "Conaire", found in Irish legend as the name of the high king Conaire Mór and other heroes. It is popular in the English-speaking world. Conor has recently become a popular name in North America and in Great Britain, although outside Ireland the name is often spelled "Connor", "Conner" and sometimes "Konnor".

neg: Tad Lincoln Thomas "Tad" Lincoln III (April 4, 1853 – July 15, 1871) was the fourth and youngest son of Abraham and Mary Todd Lincoln. The nickname "Tad" was given to him by his father, who found him "as wiggly as a tadpole" when he was a baby. Lincoln was known to be impulsive and unrestrained, and he did not attend school during his father's lifetime. He had free run of the White House, and there are stories of him interrupting presidential meetings, collecting animals, and charging visitors to see his father. He died at the age of 18 on July 15, 1871, in Chicago.

neg: Katey Katey is a given name, a variant spelling of Katie. Notable people with the name include:

neg: Kate Norgate Kate Norgate (1853–1935) was a British historian. She was one of the first women to achieve academic success in this sphere. She is best known for her history of England under the Angevin kings and for coining the name Angevin Empire to describe their domains.

neg: Paul O'Grady Paul James O'Grady, MBE (born 14 June 1955) is an English comedian, television presenter, actor, writer and radio disc jockey. He achieved fame using his comedic drag queen character, "Lily Savage", and later became well known for presenting TV programmes as himself, such as "The Paul O'Grady Show".

neg: Gadabout Gaddis Roscoe Vernon Gaddis (January 28, 1896 – October 21, 1986), known professionally as Gadabout Gaddis, was a 20th-century American fisherman and television pioneer. Gaddis was born in Mattoon, Illinois and was nicknamed Gadabout by a boss who said he could never find him.

neg: Kate Williamson Kate Williamson (September 19, 1931 – December 6, 2013) was an American actress, whose career spanned nearly three decades.

neg: Sperber (surname) Sperber is a German surname, which means "sparrowhawk", from the Middle High German "sperwære" and was a name for a small but belligerent person. In the Elizabethan era, it was not uncommon to refer to someone as "sparrow" as a term of endearment or, as evidenced in William Shakespeare's "Hamlet", as a star-crossed lover. Variants of the name include Sparber and von Sperber.

neg: Charles Read (naval officer) Charles William Read (May 12, 1840 – January 25, 1890), nicknamed "Savvy", was an officer in the antebellum United States Navy and then in the Confederate Navy during the American Civil War. He was nicknamed the "Seawolf of the Confederacy" for his exploits and daring.

neg: Maria Kinnaird Maria Kinnaird (1810–1891), born on St. Vincent, was orphaned by a volcanic eruption and was later adopted by the politician Richard Sharp, known as "Conversation Sharp". Sharp was once considered possibly to be the most popular man in London of his time. Through her adoptive father, she inherited not only a considerable fortune but a wide network of influential friends and contacts, particularly among Whig circles. She became a prominent socialite and leading hostess in London during the mid-Victorian period and was described as being an "accomplished, attractive, and intelligent woman". In 1835, she married Thomas Drummond, who developed the use of Drummond Light in surveying. She would be her husband's mainstay during his final years as Under-Secretary for Ireland (1835–1840).

neg: Papa (nickname) Papa is a nickname which may refer to:

neg: Cheever Cheever is an English surname. It is from Anglo-Norman French chivere, chevre ‘goat’ (Latin capra ‘nanny goat’), applied as a nickname for an unpredictable or temperamental person, or a metonymic occupational name for a goatherd.

neg: Trekkie Parsons Trekkie (Ritchie) Parsons (15 June 1902 – 24 July 1995) was an English artist and lithographer, perhaps best known as the lover of Leonard Woolf after his wife Virginia's death.

neg: Tige Tige is a masculine given name and nickname which may refer to:


query: Russia won the the Eurovision Song Contest in 2012 with Buranovskiye Babushki, a band consisting of how many people?

pos: Russia in the Eurovision Song Contest Russia has participated in the Eurovision Song Contest 20 times since their debut in 1994 and has participated from 2000 to 2016. Russia won the 2008 contest with Dima Bilan performing the song "Believe". Russia co-holds (with Sweden ) the record for the most top five finishes in the 21st century; finishing second with Alsou in 2000 , Dima Bilan in 2006 , Buranovskiye Babushki in 2012 and Polina Gagarina in 2015 ; third with t.A.T.u. in 2003 , Serebro in 2007 and Sergey Lazarev in 2016 , and fifth with Dina Garipova in 2013 , for a total of nine top five results.

pos: Buranovskiye Babushki Buranovskiye Babushki (Russian: Бурановские Бабушки , ] ; Udmurt: Брангуртысь песянайёс , "Brangurtyś Pesänajos"; meaning "Buranovo Grannies") is a Russian (Udmurtian) ethno-pop band containing eight elderly women. They are from the village of Buranovo (Brangurt), Udmurtia, halfway between the Volga and the Urals in Russia. Buranovskiye Babushki represented Russia at the Eurovision Song Contest 2012 in Baku, Azerbaijan where they finished second. The band consists of eight "grandmothers", but only six were allowed to appear on the Eurovision stage due to contest rules. The band performs most of their songs in the Udmurt language.

neg: Russia in the Junior Eurovision Song Contest 2017 Russia will participate in the Junior Eurovision Song Contest 2017 which will take place on 26 November 2017, in Tbilisi, Georgia. The Russian broadcaster Russia-1, owned by the All-Russia State Television and Radio Broadcasting Company (VGTRK) was responsible for organising their entry for the contest. Polina Bogusevich won the national final with the song "Krylya" (Russian: Крылья ).

neg: Smash (Russian band) Smash!! (in Russian: СМЭШ!!) was a Russian pop duo formed in 2000 which consisted of members Sergey Lazarev and Vlad Topalov. They sang mainly in English, and released their music in Eastern Europe and Southeast Asia. They were most popular among teenagers in Russia and Southeast Asia. The band split up in 2006.

neg: Karen Kavaleryan Karen Kavaleryan (Armenian: Կարեն Կավալերյան ; Russian: Каре́н Кавалеря́н ; born June 5, 1961 in Moscow, Russian SFSR, Soviet Union) is a Russian-Armenian lyricist. He currently holds the record (jointly with Ralph Siegel) for representing the most countries in the Eurovision Song Contest with five. The countries are Russia in 2002 and 2006, Belarus in 2007, Armenia in 2007 and 2010, Ukraine in 2008 and 2013 and Georgia in 2008.

neg: Alexander Rybak Alexander Igoryevich Rybak ("Alyaksandr Iharavich Rybak"; born 13 May 1986) is a Belarusian-Norwegian singer-composer, violinist, pianist, actor. Representing Norway in the 2009 Eurovision Song Contest in Moscow, Russia, Rybak won the contest with 387 points—the highest tally any country has achieved in the history of Eurovision under the old voting system—with "Fairytale", a song he wrote and composed. His debut album, "Fairytales", charted in the top 20 in nine European countries, including a No. 1 position in Norway and Russia. Rybak made a return to Eurovision in 2012 and 2016, playing the violin during both interval acts.

neg: Music of Russia Music of Russia denotes music produced in Russia and/or by Russians. Russia is a large and culturally diverse country, with many ethnic groups, each with their own locally developed music. Russian music also includes significant contributions from ethnic minorities, who populated the Russian Empire, the Soviet Union and modern-day Russia.

neg: Compact Disco Compact Disco is a Hungarian electronic music band and musical producer trio based in Budapest, founded in 2008 by three musicians of varying musical backgrounds. The band represented Hungary in the Eurovision Song Contest 2012 in Baku, Azerbaijan.

neg: Waldo's People Waldo's People is a Finnish Eurodance band. The lead singer of the band is Waldo, whose real name is Marko Reijonen. They represented Finland in the Eurovision Song Contest 2009, with the song "Lose Control". It won a place for the Eurovision final on May 16 as the jury's chosen act. They finished in last place out of 25 entries with 22 points.

neg: Eva Polna Eva Leonidovna Polna (Russian: Ева Леонидовна Польна ; born 19 May 1975 in Leningrad, now Saint Petersburg) is a Russian singer, composer and songwriter. Polna was a member of the former Russian musical band "Gosti iz budushchego" between 1996 and 2009. In 2013, Eva Polna was most rotated musical artist from Russia and CIS. Also in 2013, Polna participated in the first season of Russian TV show "Odin v odin!".

neg: PeR PeR that stands for "Please explain the Rhythm" is a Latvian pop and beatboxing band formed in 2007. The original line-up was Ralfs Eilands, Emīls Vegners, and Pēteris Upenieks. Vegners left the band in 2007 and was replaced by Edmunds Rasmanis. But when Upelnieks left the trio in 2011, he was not replaced, rendering the band a duo consisting of just Eilands and Rasmanis. After three failed attempts in earlier years to represent Latvia in the Eurovision Song Contest, PeR won the 2013 Dziesma contest and represented the country in the 2013 Contest with the song "Here We Go".

neg: Russia in the Junior Eurovision Song Contest 2013 Russia participated in the Junior Eurovision Song Contest 2013 in Kiev, Ukraine. The Russian entry was selected through a national final, organised by Russian broadcaster All-Russia State Television and Radio Company (VGTRK). The final was held on 2 June 2013. Dayana Kirillova and her song "Mechtay" won the national final, getting 12.19% of votes.

neg: Serebro Serebro (Russian: Серебро ; English translation: Silver) (Stylized as SEREBRO) is a Russian girl group formed by their manager and producer Maxim Fadeev. The group currently consists of members Olga Seryabkina, Polina Favorskaya and Katya Kischuk. Serebro was formed in 2007 as a submitted proposal for consideration by Channel One Russia for the Eurovision Song Contest 2007. Serebro was selected to represent Russia at the 2007 Contest with the song titled "Song #1". They subsequently placed third at the contest, scoring a total of 207 points. Serebro was then officially signed to Fadeev's record label Monolit Records, and in 2012, the group had additional releases produced by Sony Music Entertainment and Ego Music. During 2009, member Marina Lizorkina announced her departure from the group; she was subsequently replaced by Anastasia Karpova. Karpova left the group in 2013 and was replaced by Dasha Shashina, who left in 2016.

neg: Alena and Ninel Karpovich Alena and Ninel Karpovich (Belarusian: Алёна Карповіч, Нінэль Карповіч ; born on 3 March 1985 in Minsk, Byelorussian SSR, USSR) are a Belarusian twin sister musical duo that are current members of the pop group 3+2 that represented Belarus in the Eurovision Song Contest 2010 in Oslo. They have both hosted the Belarusian national lottery show together for a year. The twins have also release a few music singles as a musical duo. They were finalists in the television talent show New Voices of Belarus equal to Star Factory and got work in the main state orchestra of Belarus. During the television show TV project Musical Court the twins became two of the members of the pop group 3+2 that will represent Belarus in the Eurovision on 25 May 2010. The sisters also had their own entry in the Belarus pre-selection heats that was held previously.

neg: Croatia in the Eurovision Song Contest 2012 Croatia participated in the Eurovision Song Contest 2012 in Baku, Azerbaijan. The Croatian entry was selected through an internal selection, organised by the Croatian broadcaster HRT. Nina Badrić represented Croatia with the song "Nebo", which failed to qualify from the second semi-final, achieving 12th place with 42 points.

neg: Russia in the Junior Eurovision Song Contest 2006 Russia participated in the Junior Eurovision Song Contest 2006 in Bucharest, Romania. The Russian entry was selected through a national final, organised by Russian broadcaster All-Russia State Television and Radio Company (VGTRK). The final was held on 4 June 2006. Tolmachevy Twins and their song Vesenniy Jazz won the national final.

neg: Feminnem Feminnem was a girl group from Croatia and Bosnia and Herzegovina composed of three members. They represented both countries at the Eurovision Song Contest; Bosnia and Herzegovina in 2005 (with original members Ivana Marić, Neda Parmać and Pamela Ramljak) and Croatia in 2010 (when the group consisted of Nika Antolos, Parmać and Ramljak). On 21 February 2012 Pamela, Neda and Nika decided to start solo careers and leave Feminnem and effectively disbanded the group.

neg: Russia in the Eurovision Song Contest 2013 Russia participated in the Eurovision Song Contest 2013 in Malmö, Sweden. The Russian entry was selected through an internal selection, organised by Russian broadcaster Channel One Russia (C1R). Dina Garipova represented Russia with the song "What If", which qualified from the first semi-final of the competition and placed 5th in the final with 174 points.

neg: Deep Zone Project Deep Zone Project is a Bulgarian house/electro band formed in 2000 by DJ Dian Solo, JuraTone and Rossko. Eventually Rosko was replaced by Startrax. Deep Zone are most famous for their collaboration with DJ Balthazar, when they represented Bulgaria at the Eurovision Song Contest 2008 with the song "DJ, Take Me Away". The band has released five albums and has had a number of successful singles on the Bulgarian charts and has won many national and international awards. Their vocalist until early 2011 was Joanna Dragneva; after leaving for a solo career, she was replaced by Nadia Petrova.

neg: Russia in the Junior Eurovision Song Contest Russia first competed in the Junior Eurovision Song Contest in 2005. Their first win came in 2006, when the Tomachevy Twins won for Russia with "Vesenniy Jazz".

neg: Macedonia in the Eurovision Song Contest Macedonia, presented in the contest as the Former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia (FYR Macedonia), has participated in the Eurovision Song Contest 17 times since its official debut in 1998. The country had attempted to participate in 1996, but failed to qualify from the audio-only qualifying round. Macedonia is one of the most unsuccessful countries in the contest, having failed to crack the Top 10 in the 8 appearances it has made it to the final. Macedonia's best result in the contest is Elena Risteska's 12th-place finish in 2006 . Macedonia has failed to qualify from the semi-final round in nine of the last ten contests (2008–17), the exception being Kaliopi, who finished 13th in the 2012 final.

neg: Polina Gagarina Polina Sergeyevna Gagarina (Russian: Поли́на Серге́евна Гага́рина ; ] , born 27 March 1987) is a Russian singer, songwriter, actress and model. She represented Russia in the Eurovision Song Contest 2015 with "A Million Voices" where she finished second.


query: Which show runner of "A Fish Called Selma" attended Harvard University?

pos: A Fish Called Selma "A Fish Called Selma" is the nineteenth episode of "The Simpsons"<nowiki>'</nowiki> seventh season. It originally aired on the Fox network in the United States on March 24, 1996. The episode features Troy McClure, who attempts to resurrect his acting career by marrying Selma Bouvier. Show runners Bill Oakley and Josh Weinstein were fans of Phil Hartman and wished to produce an episode that focused on his character McClure. Freelance writer Jack Barth wrote the episode, and Mark Kirkland directed it.

pos: Bill Oakley William Lloyd "Bill" Oakley (born February 27, 1966) is an American television writer and producer, known for his work on the animated comedy series "The Simpsons". Oakley and Josh Weinstein became best friends and writing partners at high school; Oakley then attended Harvard University and was Vice President of the "Harvard Lampoon". He worked on several short-term media projects, including writing for the variety show "Sunday Best", but was then unemployed for a long period.

neg: Helen Hutchinson Helen Hutchinson is a Canadian television personality. She is a former co-anchor of "W5" (1979-1987), "Canada AM" (1973-1979), "Arts '73" and WTN's "". She graduated from University of Toronto with a master of library science degree from in November 1994.

neg: Douglas Merrill Douglas Clark Merrill (born 1970) is an American technologist and businessman. He grew up in Arkansas and graduated from the University of Tulsa majoring in social and political organization. Merrill attended Princeton University where he received Masters and Doctoral degrees in Artificial Intelligence.

neg: List of Suits episodes "Suits" is an American television drama series created by Aaron Korsh, which premiered on June 23, 2011 on the USA Network. It revolves around Mike Ross (Patrick J. Adams) and Harvey Specter (Gabriel Macht), two lawyers at a high-profile New York corporate law firm. Harvey is one of the city's top attorneys. He chooses to take on Mike as his associate, although Mike never attended Harvard—the only school from which the firm hires—or indeed any law school at all. Ross relies on his photographic memory and intelligence to succeed.

neg: David A. Levinson David A. Levinson is an American television and soap opera writer, originally from Falmouth, Massachusetts. He is a 1997 graduate of Emerson College in Boston.

neg: Daphne Matziaraki Daphne Matziaraki is a Greek director, writer and producer, graduated from University of California, Berkeley. Her thesis-film "4.1 Miles" received critical appraisal and recognition earning her a Gold Medal at 43rd Annual Student Academy Awards, The film went onto receive a nomination for Academy Award for Best Documentary Short Subject at the 89th Academy Awards.

neg: Jeff Martin (writer) Jeff Martin is an American television producer and writer. He originally wrote for "The Simpsons" during the second, third, and fourth seasons, and eventually returned over 20 years later to write again for seasons 27 and 28. He attended Harvard University, where he wrote for "The Harvard Lampoon", as have many other "Simpsons" writers. He left along with most of the original staff in 1993, and has since written for several TV shows, including "Listen Up!", "Baby Blues" and "Homeboys in Outer Space". He also wrote for "Late Night with David Letterman" during the 1980s, and occasionally appeared on the show as Flunkie the late-night viewer mail clown, a depressed clown who smoked cigarettes and sometimes talked about his infected tattoos. Martin won four Emmys during his time at "Late Night".

neg: Sanford Jay Frank Sanford Jay "Sandy" Frank, also known as Sandy Frank (July 21, 1954 – April 18, 2014), was a television writer who was known as a writer for "Late Night with David Letterman". He wrote for Letterman's NBC show for four years, during which the show won four Emmy Awards for comedy-variety writing. Frank had a bachelor's degree in mathematics and a law degree from Harvard and had written for "The Harvard Lampoon".

neg: Dawn Prestwich Dawn Prestwich is an American television writer and producer. She attended The Hockaday School in Dallas, Texas and Stanford University. In 1997, she shared an Emmy nomination with several producers of "Chicago Hope" in the category "Outstanding Drama Series". In 2003, she and Nicole Yorkin won a Writers Guild of America award for the pilot episode of the episodic drama "The Education of Max Bickford".

neg: Michael C. Janeway Michael Charles Janeway (May 31, 1940 – April 17, 2014) was a professor at the Columbia University Graduate School of Journalism. He was editor of the "Boston Globe" and dean of the Medill School of Journalism at Northwestern University.

neg: Jeffrey Lieber Jeffrey Lieber is an American screenwriter for both television and film. He was born in Evanston, Illinois, United States and attended Evanston Township High School. He attended the University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign and earned a BFA in acting from the Department of Theatre. He is credited as a co-creator of the television series "Lost".

neg: Aisha Muharrar Aisha Muharrar (born March 12, 1984) is an American television writer and author of the book "More Than a Label" . She was a writer for NBC's "Parks and Recreation" created by Greg Daniels and Michael Schur. Previously, she was a staff writer for Fox's animated comedy "Sit Down, Shut Up", created by Mitch Hurwitz. She graduated from Harvard University with a degree in English and American Literature and Language and was the Vice President of the "Harvard Lampoon" humor magazine. She is a native of Bay Shore, New York and currently lives in Los Angeles.

neg: Jeffrey A. Taylor Jeffrey A. Taylor is the former interim United States Attorney for the District of Columbia. He is a graduate of Stanford University and Harvard Law School.

neg: Nisha Ganatra Nisha Ganatra (born in Vancouver, British Columbia) is a film director, film producer, screenwriter and actress of Indian ancestry. She is best known for her films "Chutney Popcorn" (1999) and "Cosmopolitan" (2003), and for being a consulting producer on, and directing three episodes of, the first season of the Golden Globe–winning TV series "Transparent". Ganatra graduated from the New York University (NYU) Tisch School of the Arts where she studied with Martin Scorcese and Spike Lee. She is openly lesbian.

neg: Bill Selman William G. Selman (born c. 1939) is a retired head coach of men's college, university and professional ice hockey teams.

neg: Helen Vendler Helen Hennessy Vendler (born April 30, 1933, in Boston, MA) is an American literary critic and is the A. Kingsley Porter University Professor at Harvard University.

neg: Lisa F. Jackson Lisa F. Jackson (born 1950) is an American documentary filmmaker, known most recently for her films, "" (2007) and "Sex Crimes Unit" (2011), which aired on HBO in 2008 and 2011. Her work has earned awards including two Emmy awards and a Jury Prize from the Sundance Film Festival. She has screened her work and lectured at the Columbia University School of Journalism, Brandeis, Purdue, NYU, Yale, Notre Dame and Harvard University and was a visiting professor of documentary film at the School of Visual Arts in Manhattan.

neg: Harriet Brown Harriet Brown is an American writer, magazine editor, and professor of magazine journalism at the S.I. Newhouse School of Public Communications at Syracuse University.

neg: Robert L. Selman Robert L. Selman (born May 7, 1942) is an American-born educational psychologist and perspective-taking theorist. who specializes in adolescent social development. He is married to Anne Selman and father to Jesse Selman and Matt Selman. He is the Roy E. Larsen Professor of Education and Human Development at the Harvard Graduate School of Education (HGSE) and a Professor of Psychology in Medicine at Harvard University. Robert Selman founded the Risk and Prevention masters program at the Harvard Graduate School of Education in 1992, and served as its first director through 1999. (In 2010, the program was renamed “Prevention Science and Practice.”) Selman served as the chair of the Human Development and Psychology department at HGSE from 2000 to 2004. At the Harvard Medical School, he is professor of psychology in the Department of Psychiatry, where he serves as senior associate at the Judge Baker Children's Center and at the Department of Psychiatry at Children's Hospital Boston.

neg: Patty Lin Patty Lin is an American television screenwriter and producer. She is a graduate of Cornell University

neg: Janice Redish Janice "Ginny" Redish is an American usability writer and consultant. She graduated from Bryn Mawr College and holds a Ph.D. in Linguistics from Harvard University.


query: Who manufactured the combination of inactivated an infectious disease of the liver  and Vi polysaccharide of Salmonella typhi bacteria?

pos: Hepatyrix Hepatyrix is a combined Hepatitis A and Typhoid vaccination. A combination of inactivated Hepatitis A virus and Vi polysaccharide of Salmonella typhi bacteria manufactured by GlaxoSmithKline

pos: Hepatitis A Hepatitis A is an infectious disease of the liver caused by the hepatitis A virus (HAV). Many cases have few or no symptoms, especially in the young. The time between infection and symptoms, in those who develop them, is between two and six weeks. When symptoms occur, they typically last eight weeks and may include nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, jaundice, fever, and abdominal pain. Around 10–15% of people experience a recurrence of symptoms during the six months after the initial infection. Acute liver failure may rarely occur, with this being more common in the elderly.

neg: Jean-François Rossignol Jean-François Rossignol is an American scientist, a medicinal chemist and a physician, born in France on September 5, 1943. He was educated at the University of Paris, later specializing in tropical medicine. He then pursed a career in academia and in the pharmaceutical industry discovering and developing new drugs for the treatment of parasitic diseases such as halofantrine in the treatment of multidrug resistant "Falciparum" malaria or albendazole and nitazoxanide for the treatment of intestinal protozoan and helminthic infections. In 1993, he co-created his own pharmaceutical company, Romark Laboratories, L.C., to develop his own invention nitazoxanide, the first of the thiazolides. At Romark, he is the Chairman of the Board of Directors of the company and its Chief Science Officer. Following the discovery of the antiviral activity of the thiazolides Rossignol went to Stanford University in California to study interferon stimulated gene pathways and chronic viral hepatitis under Prof. Emmet Keeffe and Prof. Jeffery Glenn. It was in the Glenn laboratory that the mechanism of antiviral activity of nitazoxanide against the hepatitis C virus was discovered.

neg: Eurogentec Eurogentec is an international biotechnology supplier, based in Belgium, that specializes in genomics and proteomics kits and reagents as well as cGMP biologics. The company was founded in 1985 as a spin-off from the University of Liège. Eurogentec's contract manufacturing organization facilities are licensed by the Belgian Ministry of Health to produce clinical trial and commercial biopharmaceutical material and also licensed by the US FDA to manufacture a commercial recombinant protein product for the US market. Eurogentec operates two manufacturing facilities in Belgium that provide custom biologics and oligonucleotide-based components for diagnostic and therapeutic applications.

neg: Pharmaceutical microbiology Pharmaceutical Microbiology is an applied branch of Microbiology. It involves the study of microorganisms associated with the manufacture of pharmaceuticals e.g. minimizing the number of microorganisms in a process environment, excluding microorganisms and microbial by-products like exotoxin and endotoxin from water and other starting materials, and ensuring the finished pharmaceutical product is sterile. Other aspects of pharmaceutical microbiology include the research and development of anti-infective agents, the use of microorganisms to detect mutagenic and carcinogenic activity in prospective drugs, and the use of microorganisms in the manufacture of pharmaceutical products like insulin and human growth hormone.

neg: Coronatine Coronatine (COR) is a toxin produced by the bacterium "Pseudomonas syringae". It is involved in causing stomata to re-open after they close in response to pathogen-associated molecular patterns, as well as interfering with the responses mediated by salicylic acid after the infection has begun. It consists of coronafacic acid (CFA), which is an analog of methyl jasmonic acid (MeJA), and coronamic acid (CMA), joined by an amide bond between the acid group of CFA and the amino group of CMA.

neg: Advaxis Advaxis is an American company devoted to the discovery, development and commercialization of immunotherapies based on a technology platform which uses engineered "Listeria monocytogenes" ("aka" "Lm"). The company is headquartered in Princeton, New Jersey and was incorporated in Delaware in 2006.

neg: Fosmidomycin Fosmidomycin is an antibiotic that was originally isolated from culture broths of bacteria of the genus "Streptomyces". It specifically inhibits DXP reductoisomerase, a key enzyme in the non-mevalonate pathway of isoprenoid biosynthesis. It is a structural analogue of 2-C-methyl-D-erythrose 4-phosphate. It inhibits the "E. coli" enzyme with a KI value of 38 nM (4), MTB at 80 nM, and the "Francisella" enzyme at 99 nM.

neg: R1 plasmid The R1 Plasmid is a plasmid that was first isolated from "Salmonella paratyphi" bacteria in 1963.

neg: Surgicel Surgicel is a hemostatic agent (blood-clot-inducing material) made of an oxidized cellulose polymer (the unit is polyanhydroglucuronic acid), manufactured by the Ethicon subsidiary of Johnson And Johnson. It was introduced into clinical practice in 1947. It is used to control post-surgical bleeding. It is also used by some boxing cutmen to control bleeding.

neg: Dictyoglomus thermophilum Dictyoglomus is a genus of bacterium, given its own phylum, called the Dictyoglomi. This organism is extremely "thermophilic", meaning it thrives at extremely high temperatures. It is "chemoorganotrophic", meaning it derives energy by metabolizing organic molecules. This organism is of interest because it elaborates an enzyme, xylanase, which digests xylan, a heteropolymer of the pentose sugar xylose. By pretreating wood pulp with this enzyme, paper manufacturers can achieve comparable levels of whiteness with much less chlorine bleach.

neg: Jenapharm Jenapharm is a pharmaceutical company from Jena, Germany. Founded in 1950 in East Germany, the company focused from the beginning on the production and development of steroids. Due to the economic circumstances of the Eastern Bloc, the company initially used a unique process of steroid synthesis starting from hog bile, however this method was abandoned a decade later in favor of total synthesis. Initially the company produced a wide range of generic steroids, including corticosteroids, but later on it focused on anabolic steroids, estrogens and progestins.

neg: Ukrain Ukrain (Ukrainian: Україн ; also called celandine) is the trademarked name of a semi-synthetic substance derived from the plant "Chelidonium majus" and promoted as a drug to treat cancer and viral infections, including HIV and hepatitis. It was created in 1978, by a Ukrainian chemist Vasyl Novytskyi (Ukrainian: Василь Новицький ). Ukrain is named after the nation of Ukraine and is produced by an Austrian company Nowicky Pharma.

neg: Listerine Listerine is a brand of antiseptic mouthwash product. It is promoted with the slogan "Kills germs that cause bad breath". Named after Joseph Lister, 1st Baron Lister, a pioneer of antiseptic surgery, Listerine was developed in 1879 by Joseph Lawrence, a chemist in St. Louis, Missouri.

neg: Gellan gum Gellan gum is a water-soluble anionic polysaccharide produced by the bacterium "Sphingomonas elodea" (formerly "Pseudomonas elodea"). The gellan-producing bacterium was discovered and isolated by the former Kelco Division of Merck & Company, Inc. in 1978 from the lily plant tissue from a natural pond in Pennsylvania, USA. It was initially identified as a substitute gelling agent at significantly lower use level to replace agar in solid culture media for the growth of various microorganisms Its initial commercial product with the trademark as "GELRITE" gellan gum, was subsequently identified as a suitable agar substitute as gelling agent in various clinical bacteriological media.

neg: Kenneth Murray (biologist) Sir Kenneth "Ken" Murray FRS FRSE FRCPath (30 December 1930 – 7 April 2013) was an English molecular biologist and the Biogen Professor of Molecular Biology at the University of Edinburgh. His wife was Lady Noreen (née Parker), also a biologist. The team of Kenneth Murray developed the vaccine against hepatitis B and he is one of the founders of Biogen.

neg: CPS operon The capsule biosynthesis, or CPS operon is a section of the genome present in some "Escherichia coli" which regulates the production of polysaccharides which make up the bacterial capsule. These polysaccharides help protect the bacteria from harsh environments, toxic chemicals, and bacteriophages.

neg: Bliss GVS Pharma Bliss GVS Pharma Ltd. is an Indian pharmaceutical and company headquartered in Mumbai, India. Bliss GVS primarily develops, manufactures and markets products across various therapeutic categories including Anti-fungal, Contraceptive, Laxative, Anti-haemorrhoidal, Anti-spasmodic, Anti-malarial, Anti-biotic, Anti-microbial, Anti-inflammatory, Antipyretic, Analgesic and several others.

neg: Mapp Biopharmaceutical Mapp Biopharmaceutical is an American pharmaceutical company based in San Diego, California. It is responsible for the research and development of ZMapp, a drug which is still under development, comprising three humanized monoclonal antibodies as a treatment for Ebola virus disease. The drug was first tested in humans during the 2014 West Africa Ebola virus outbreak. The ZMapp drug is a result of the collaboration between Mapp Biopharmaceutical, LeafBio (the commercial arm of Mapp Biopharmaceutical), Defyrus Inc. (Toronto), the U.S. government and the Public Health Agency of Canada. The antibody work came out of research projects funded by Defense Advanced Research Projects Agency (DARPA) more than a decade ago, and years of funding by the Public Health Agency of Canada. ZMapp is manufactured in the tobacco plant "Nicotiana benthamiana" in the bioproduction process known as "pharming" by Kentucky BioProcessing, a subsidiary of Reynolds American.

neg: Platensimycin Platensimycin, a metabolite of "Streptomyces platensis", which is an excellent example of a unique structural class of natural antibiotics, has been demonstrated to be a breakthrough in recent antibiotic research due to its unique functional pattern and significant antibacterial activity. This compound is a member of a class of antibiotics which act by blocking enzymes involved in the condensation steps in fatty acid biosynthesis, which Gram-positive bacteria need to biosynthesise cell membranes (β-ketoacyl-(acyl-carrier-protein (ACP)) synthase I/II (FabF/B)). Other enzymes in this pathway have similarly been proven antibiotic targets for example FabI, the enoyl-ACP (acyl carrier protein) reductase, that is inhibited by isoniazid and related compounds and the antiseptic agent triclosan.

neg: Polyglycolide Polyglycolide or poly(glycolic acid) (PGA), also spelled as polyglycolic acid, is a biodegradable, thermoplastic polymer and the simplest linear, aliphatic polyester. It can be prepared starting from glycolic acid by means of polycondensation or ring-opening polymerization. PGA has been known since 1954 as a tough fiber-forming polymer. Owing to its hydrolytic instability, however, its use has initially been limited. Currently polyglycolide and its copolymers (poly(lactic-"co"-glycolic acid) with lactic acid, poly(glycolide-"co"-caprolactone) with ε-caprolactone and poly (glycolide-"co"-trimethylene carbonate) with trimethylene carbonate) are widely used as a material for the synthesis of absorbable sutures and are being evaluated in the biomedical field.

neg: BioNeutra BioNeutra is a Canada-based agri-biotechnology manufacturer of patented technology to produce the food ingredients and natural fibre sweeteners, Isomaltooligosaccharide (IMO) and Fructooligosaccharide (FOS). BioNeutra is the first company to have received US Food and Drug Administration (FDA) and Health Canada approval for the manufacturing of IMO in North America.


query: ORiNOCO was the brand name of wireless networking technology by Proxim Wireless, which was previously an American multinational telecommunications equipment company that was headquartered in Murray Hill, New Jersey, and was established on what date?

pos: ORiNOCO ORiNOCO was the brand name for a family of wireless networking technology by Proxim Wireless (previously Lucent). These integrated circuits (codenamed Hermes) provide wireless connectivity for 802.11-compliant Wireless LANs.

pos: Lucent Lucent Technologies, Inc., was an American multinational telecommunications equipment company headquartered in Murray Hill, New Jersey, in the United States. It was established on September 30, 1996, through the divestiture of the former AT&T Technologies business unit of AT&T Corporation, which included Western Electric and Bell Labs.

neg: Shenzhen NORCO Intelligent Technology Shenzhen NORCO Intelligent Technology Co., Ltd (NORCO, 华北工控), is a Chinese company with 30 branch offices, employing over 700 employees. Founded in 1991 and headquartered in Shenzhen, China, it is a manufacturer of industrial PCs and embedded computers. NORCO industrial PC products include CPU cards, embedded industrial motherboards, industrial computers, industrial workstations, Panel PCs, firewalls, storage arrays (inc. NAS), industrial power supplies, industrial chassis, passive backplanes, industrial computer accessories and IO adapters.

neg: Ubiquiti Networks Ubiquiti Networks is an American technology company started in 2005. Based in New York, NY, Ubiquiti manufactures wireless data communication products for enterprise and wireless broadband providers with a primary focus on under-served and emerging markets.

neg: CloseCall America CloseCall America, also called CloseCall, was a telephone, wireless and Internet service provider formed in 1999, with operations headquartered in Stevensville, Maryland. It provided service throughout the United States.

neg: List of acquisitions by Juniper Networks Juniper Networks, Inc. is an information technology and computer networking products multinational company, founded in 1996.

neg: Belgacom ICS BICS (previously known as Belgacom ICS or Belgacom International Carrier Services) operates in the telecommunication industry as a subsidiary of Proximus Group (parent group), and provides wholesale carrier services to wireline and wireless operators, and service providers globally. The company was founded in 1997 and is headquartered in Brussels, Belgium with sales offices and Service Operation Centers worldwide including Dubai, Singapore, Bern, San Francisco and New York. BICS provides voice, connectivity, messaging, roaming and mobile financial services to over 1,000 fixed and wireless carriers and service providers, including more than 400 mobile operators. In 2012 BICS processed 28 billion international minutes and generated revenues for 1,65 Billion Euro.

neg: Ultralife Corporation Ultralife Corporation (NASDAQ: ULBI ) is a United States company that sells products ranging from portable power solutions to communications and electronics systems. Ultralife was established in 1990 and is based in Newark, New York. There are two main departments in the company, namely Battery & Energy Products and Communications Systems. The products of the company are under the Ultralife Batteries, McDowell Research, AMTI, and ABLE brand. The potential users of the company are government, defense, and commercial customers. In 2008, the Company changed its name from Ultralife Batteries, Inc. to Ultralife Corporation.

neg: Dow Corning Dow Corning is an American multinational corporation headquartered in Midland, Michigan, United States. Originally established as a joint venture between the Dow Chemical Company and Corning Incorporated, it is now owned by DowDuPont and specializes in silicone and silicon-based technology, and is the largest silicone product producer in the world.

neg: Neoway Technology Neoway Technology Co. Ltd. is a Chinese multinational networking and telecommunications equipment and services company headquartered in Shenzhen, Guangdong.

neg: Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers The Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE, pronounced "I triple E") is a professional association with its corporate office in New York City and its operations center in Piscataway, New Jersey. It was formed in 1963 from the amalgamation of the American Institute of Electrical Engineers and the Institute of Radio Engineers. Today, it is the world's largest association of technical professionals with more than 420,000 members in over 160 countries around the world. Its objectives are the educational and technical advancement of electrical and electronic engineering, telecommunications, computer engineering and allied disciplines.

neg: Tekom Technologies Tekom Technologies, Inc. is a Taiwanese consumer electronics company, founded in 1996. Its headquarters are in Taipei, and it has offices in Shanghai and a factory in Guangdong.

neg: Clearwire Clearwire Corporation (stylized as clearw˙re) was a telecommunications operator which provided mobile and fixed wireless broadband communications services to retail and wholesale customers in the United States, Belgium and Spain. Clearwire traces its roots to 1998, when Sierra Technologies, Inc., spun off certain assets to form a new company, Clearwire Technologies Inc. In October 2003, Craig McCaw purchased Clearwire Technologies, Inc. parent company Clearwire Holdings and moved the company headquarters to Kirkland, Washington. In 2012, Clearwire moved the company headquarters to Bellevue, Washington.

neg: Verizon Communications Verizon Communications (   ) ( ), otherwise known as Verizon, is an American multinational telecommunications conglomerate and a corporate component of the Dow Jones Industrial Average. The company is based at 1095 Avenue of the Americas in Midtown Manhattan, New York City, but is incorporated in Delaware.

neg: Arris International Arris International Plc is a telecommunications equipment manufacturing company incorporated in England and Wales that provides cable operators with high-speed data, video and telephony systems for homes and businesses. The company's principal executive offices are located in Suwanee, Georgia, and it has design, engineering, manufacturing, distribution, service and sales office locations worldwide.

neg: 4G Americas 4G Americas is a wireless industry trade association representing the 3GPP family of technologies. The organization was established in January 2002 under the name 3G Americas. On September 28, 2010, 3G Americas announced the organization's name change to 4G Americas and a realignment of its mission and objectives. 4G Americas works throughout the Western hemisphere to inform government agencies, other businesses and the public about the 3GPP wireless technologies.

neg: Plantronics Plantronics is an electronics company producing audio communications equipment for business and consumers. Its products support unified communications, mobile use, gaming and music. Plantronics is a publicly traded company (NYSE: PLT) headquartered in Santa Cruz, California. Most of Plantronics' products are produced in China and Mexico.

neg: Broadcom Broadcom Corporation was an American fabless semiconductor company that made products for the wireless and broadband communication industry. It was acquired by Avago Technologies in 2016 and currently operates as a wholly owned subsidiary of the merged entity called Broadcom Limited. The division is headquartered in Irvine, California. Broadcom Corporation was founded by professor-student pair Henry Samueli and Henry Nicholas from UCLA in 1991. In 1995 the company moved from its Westwood, Los Angeles office to Irvine, California. In 1998, Broadcom became a public company on the NASDAQ exchange (ticker symbol: BRCM) and now employs approximately 11,750 people worldwide in more than 15 countries.

neg: SpinVox SpinVox was a start-up company that is now a subsidiary of global speech technology company Nuance Communications, an American multinational computer software technology corporation, headquartered in Burlington, Massachusetts, United States on the outskirts of Boston, that provides speech and imaging applications. Initially, SpinVox provided voice-to-text conversion services for carrier markets, including wireless, fixed, VoIP and cable, as well as for unified communications, enterprise and Web 2.0 environments. This service was ostensibly provided through an automated computer system, with human intervention where needed. However, there were accusations that the system operated almost exclusively through the use of call-center workers in South Africa and the Philippines.

neg: Bell Labs Nokia Bell Labs (formerly named AT&T Bell Laboratories, Bell Telephone Laboratories and Bell Labs) is an American research and scientific development company, owned by Finnish company Nokia. Its headquarters are located in Murray Hill, New Jersey, in addition to other laboratories around the rest of the United States and in other countries.

neg: Xirrus Xirrus, Inc is a Wi-Fi technology company based in Thousand Oaks, California, US, that designs and sells wireless networking equipment based on the IEEE standards 802.11a, 802.11b, 802.11g, 802.11n and 802.11ac. The company has been independently selling these products since 2005.

neg: Mstar (Internet service provider) Mstar, originally headquartered in Murray, Utah but later relocated to Orem, Utah, was a fiber optic internet service provider in the state of Utah, USA. Mstar provided Internet, telephone (VoIP) and television services (IPTV) via fiber optics. Mstar was a provider of services over municipally owned backbones, namely the Utah Telecommunication Open Infrastructure Agency (UTOPIA) and IProvo.


query: Which Russian composer was a member of the group of composers known as The Five, Nikolai Rimsky-Korsakov or Mikhail Glinka?

pos: Nikolai Rimsky-Korsakov Nikolai Andreyevich Rimsky-Korsakov (18 March [O.S. 6 March] 1844 21 June [O.S. 8 June] 1908 ) was a Russian composer, and a member of the group of composers known as The Five. He was a master of orchestration. His best-known orchestral compositions—"Capriccio Espagnol", the "Russian Easter Festival Overture", and the symphonic suite "Scheherazade"—are staples of the classical music repertoire, along with suites and excerpts from some of his 15 operas. "Scheherazade" is an example of his frequent use of fairy tale and folk subjects.

pos: Mikhail Glinka Mikhail Ivanovich Glinka (Russian: Михаи́л Ива́нович Гли́нка ; 1 June [O.S. 20 May] 1804 15 February [O.S. 3 February] 1857 ) was the first Russian composer to gain wide recognition within his own country, and is often regarded as the fountainhead of Russian classical music. Glinka's compositions were an important influence on future Russian composers, notably the members of The Five, who took Glinka's lead and produced a distinctive Russian style of music.

neg: Sergei Korsakoff Sergei Sergeievich Korsakoff (Russian: Серге́й Серге́евич Ко́рсаков ; January 22, 1854, Gus-Khrustalny – May 1, 1900, Moscow) was a Russian neuropsychiatrist.

neg: Mikhail Gulko Mikhail Aleksandrovich Gulko (Russian: Михаил Алeксандpoвич Гулько ; born July 23, 1931, Kharkiv, Ukrainian SSR, USSR) is an author and performer of Russian chanson.

neg: Alexander Radvilovich Alexander Yuryevich Radvilovich (Russian: Александр Юрьевич Радвилович ; born 1955) is a Russian composer, pianist and teacher from Leningrad (now Saint Petersburg) from which Conservatory he also graduated at which he was under guidance from Sergei Slonimsky. In 1992 and 1994 respectively he was the first ever composer of Russian origin to get education at the International New Music in Darmstadt. He is known for his symphonies of two of his own poems called "Legend About Violinist" and "Pushkin". At one time, after reading Fyodor Dostoyevsky he composed a string quartet called "The Boy at Christ’s New Year Celebration" and also designed a mini opera called "Let’s Write Fairy-tale". He also composed an opera called "Hindrance" which was based on Danii Kharms' poem "Ruin of the Gods". Currently he is a member of both Russian Composer’s and Saint Petersburg Composer's Unions and works as music pedagogue at the Humanitarian University of the Petersburg Conservatory. On occasion, he tours the world as composer, pianist and leader of the Sound Ways which he also founded back in 1989. His music is published by various labels in countries such as Russia, the Netherlands and the United States.

neg: Anatoliy Brandukov Anatoly Andreyevich Brandukov (Russian: Анато́лий Андре́евич Брандуко́в ) (January 6 [O.S. December 25, 1858] 1859 – February 16, 1930) was a Russian cellist who premiered many cello pieces of prominent composers including Pyotr Tchaikovsky and Sergei Rachmaninoff. Born as Russian classical music was flourishing in the middle of the 19th century, he worked with many of the important composers and musicians of the day, including performances with Anton Rubinstein and Alexander Siloti. As a soloist, he excelled in performance and was especially noted for stylish interpretations, his refined temperament, and beautiful, expressive tone. In his later years, he became a professor at Moscow Conservatory, and continued to perform well into his later life. Although his popularity is obscured by the more famous composers and virtuosos, his influence on those composers' most prominent compositions is evident.

neg: Nikolai Zverev Nikolai Sergeyevich Zverev (Russian: Николай Серге́евич Зве́рев , sometimes transliterated Nikolai Zveref; 183212 October [O.S. 30 September] 1893 ) was a Russian pianist and teacher known for his pupils Alexander Siloti, Sergei Rachmaninoff, Alexander Scriabin, Konstantin Igumnov, Alexander Goldenweiser, and others.

neg: Nicholas Goldfinches-Kulikovich Nicholas Goldfinches-Kulikovich (Belarusian: Mikalai Shchagloў-Kulіkovіch, born on 13 October 1896, Moscow, Russian Empire - died on 31 March 1969, Chicago, United States) was a cultural and social activist, composer and musicologist, researcher of Belarusian church and secular music.

neg: List of compositions by Mikhail Glinka Below is a list of compositions by Mikhail Glinka. The works are categorized by genre, date of composition and titles.

neg: List of string quartets by Béla Bartók The Hungarian composer Béla Bartók wrote six string quartets, each for the usual forces of two violins, viola and cello. Notable composers who have been influenced by them include Benjamin Britten, particularly in the Sonata in C for Cello and Piano (; ), Elliott Carter, who refers in the opening of his own First String Quartet to Bartók’s Sixth Quartet , Chen Yi , Edison Denisov, whose Second Quartet is closely related to Bartók’s Fifth Quartet , Franco Donatoni, who was deeply impressed when he heard a broadcast of Bartók's Fourth Quartet , Robert Fripp, who mentions them as an influence upon King Crimson , Miloslav Ištvan , György Kurtág, whose Opp. 1 and 28 both owe a great deal to Bartók's quartets (; ), György Ligeti, whose two string quartets both owe a great deal to Bartók’s quartets (; ), Bruno Maderna , George Perle, who credits the Bartók Fourth and Fifth Quartets as precedents for his use of arrays of chords related to one another by different types of symmetry , Walter Piston (; ), Kim Dzmitrïyevich Tsesakow , Wilfried Westerlinck , Stefan Wolpe, who explained in a public lecture how he had derived ideas from Bartók’s Fourth Quartet , and Xu Yongsan .

neg: Symphony No. 3 (Glazunov) Alexander Glazunov composed his Symphony No. 3 in D major, Op. 33, in 1890, and it was published by 1892 by the Leipzig firm owned by Mitrofan Belyayev. The symphony is dedicated to Pyotr Ilyich Tchaikovsky and was first performed in St. Petersburg in December 1890 under the baton of Anatoly Lyadov. The symphony is considered a transitional work, with Glazunov largely eschewing the influences of Balakirev, Borodin, and Rimsky-Korsakov inherent in his earlier symphonies for the newer influences of Tchaikovsky and Wagner. Because of this change, the Third has been called the "anti-kuchkist" symphony in Glazunov's output ("kuchkist" from "kuchka", the shortened Russian name for the nationalist music group The Five). He would tone down these new influences in his subsequent symphonies as he strove for an eclectic mature style. The Third also shows a greater depth of expression, most evident in the chromatic turns of its third movement, reminiscent of Wagner's opera "Tristan und Isolde".

neg: Leonid Rezetdinov Leonid Fiatovich Rezetdinov (Russian: Леонид Фиатович Резетдинов ; August 5, 1961) is a Russian composer and a winner of the "National Prize" of the Russian Academy of Advertising. He was born in Leningrad (now Saint Petersburg) and attended Saint Petersburg Conservatory where he was under guidance of Boris Tishchenko till 1985. In 1988 he joined Russian Union of Composers and two years later became an attendee of the International Society for Contemporary Music where his teacher was Witold Lutosławski. For eight years after it, he was a teacher at the Musical College of Rimsky-Korsakov and by 2000 became a CEO and record producer at Studio Digital Film Production of Saint-Petersburg Documentary Film Studio. The same year he joined Music Fund and became an author of over 30 film scores. In 2009 he won the first prize at the Berdyansk International Film Festival and since then worked with various conductors such as Vladimir Altschuler, Valery Gergiev and Stanislav Gribkov. He also worked with Leonid Korchmar, Ravil Martynov, Vasily Petrenko, Rashid Skuratov, and Alexander Titov and have traveled throughout Europe, Asia and North America.

neg: Constantin Bakaleinikoff Constantin Romanovich Bakaleinikov (also spelled Bakaleynikov and Bakaleinikoff; Russian: Константин Романович Бакалейников ; 26 April 1896 – 3 September 1966) was a Russian-born composer.

neg: Mikhail Kollontay Mikhail Georgiyevich Kollontay (Russian: Михаи́л Гео́ргиевич Коллонта́й ; born August 21, 1952 in Moscow), Russian composer and pianist. Also known under his mother’s name, Ermolaev.

neg: Fedor Glushchenko Fedor Ivanovich Glushchenko (Russian: Фёдор Иванович Глущенко ; born August 15, 1944) is a Russian conductor and violinist.

neg: Saint Petersburg Conservatory The N. A. Rimsky-Korsakov Saint Petersburg State Conservatory (Russian: Санкт-Петербургская государственная консерватория имени Н. А. Римского-Корсакова ) is a music school in Saint Petersburg. In 2004, the conservatory had around 275 faculty members and 1,400 students.

neg: Vladimir Rebikov Vladimir Ivanovich Rebikov (Russian: Влади́мир Ива́нович Ре́биков, "Vladi'mir Iva'novič Re'bikov" ; born May 31 [OS May 19] 1866 - Krasnoyarsk, Siberia, Russia — died October 1, 1920 - Yalta, Crimea, Ukraine) was a late romantic 20th-century Russian composer and pianist.

neg: Mikhail Raukhverger Mikhail Rafailovich Raukhverger (also transliterated as Rauchverger or Rauverger; Russian: Михаил Рафаилович Раухвергер ; November 22, 1901 October 18, 1989) was a Jewish–Soviet pianist and composer.

neg: Mikhail Goldstein Mikhail Emmanuilovich Goldstein (Russian: Михаил Эммануилович Гольдштейн ; pen name: Mikhailo Mykhailovsky; 8 November [O.S. 26 October] 1917 7 September 1989), was a Soviet composer and violinist of Ukrainian-Jewish origin, brother of prominent violinist Boris Goldstein.

neg: Symphony No. 5 (Enescu) Symphony No. 5, in D major is a large-scale composition for orchestra, tenor soloist, and female choir by the Romanian composer George Enescu, using a text by the Romanian poet Mihai Eminescu. Drafted in 1941 and partially orchestrated at some later date, the symphony was left unfinished at Enescu's death, but has been completed posthumously, first partially by in 1970–72 and 1990, then in complete form by Pascal Bentoiu in 1995.

neg: Viktor Suslin Viktor Yevseyevich Suslin (Russian: Ви́ктор Евсе́евич Су́слин ; June 13, 1942, Miass, Ural, Russia – July 10, 2012, Hamburg, Germany) was a Russian composer. An associate of Sofia Gubaidulina's, together with her and Vyacheslav Artyomov he formed the improvisatory ensemble 'Astraea' in 1975. He emigrated to Germany in 1981.

neg: Thomas de Hartmann Thomas Alexandrovich de Hartmann (Russian: Фома́ Алекса́ндрович Га́ртман ; September 21, 1885March 28, 1956) was a Russian composer and prominent student and collaborator of George Gurdjieff.


query: Are both Christopher Amott and Stephen Malkmus guitarists?

pos: Christopher Amott Christopher Amott (born 23 November 1977) is a Swedish guitarist and vocalist, younger brother of Michael Amott and founding member of the Swedish metal bands Arch Enemy and Armageddon.

pos: Stephen Malkmus Stephen Joseph Malkmus (born May 30, 1966) is an American musician best known as the lead singer and guitarist of the indie rock band Pavement. He currently performs with Stephen Malkmus and the Jicks.

neg: Richard Maloof Richard Maloof (born January 17, 1940) is an American musician who played bass and tuba for the Lawrence Welk orchestra.

neg: Eric Meyer (musician) Eric Meyer (born August 23, 1966) is an American musician who is best known as the guitarist for the Los Angeles based thrash metal band Dark Angel, which he joined in 1984, and played on all of their albums from "We Have Arrived" onwards.

neg: Joe Morris (guitarist) Joseph Francis Michael Morris (born September 13, 1955) is an American jazz guitarist, bassist, improvisor, and composer.

neg: Stephen M. Sano Stephen M. Sano (born 1959) is professor of music and the Harold C. Schmidt director of choral studies at Stanford University. Using the name Steve Sano, he is also an accomplished kī hō'alu, or slack-key guitar, player.

neg: Chris Freeman (Australian musician) Christopher James "Chris" Freeman (c. 1950–1992) was an Australian multi-instrumentalist and teacher who specialised in six-string and 12-string guitar for classical and flamenco music. At the age of 17 he severed the fingertip of his left hand middle finger in a car accident. It was replaced by a silver cap, which gave him the nickname "Silver Finger". He released three solo albums, "Thesilger" (1976), "Shifting Sands... Night & Day" (1978) and "Best of Chris Freeman" (1991). He also issued four albums with keyboardist John Shaw, "Chris Freeman and John Shaw" (1981), "Synthesized Orchestration" (1983), "Synthesized Orchestration Vol. 2" (1984) and "The Best of Chris Freeman and John Shaw" (1990). Freeman died in 1992 after an asthma attack, aged 41 or 42. Australian musicologist Ian McFarlane described him as a "[g]ifted multi-instrumentalist" who "garnered considerable praise for his work, but he never embraced the notion of mainstream acceptance".

neg: Halvard Kausland Halvard Magne Kausland (born 25 April 1945) is a Norwegian jazz guitarist and civil servant.

neg: Amtrac (musician) Caleb Cornett (born May 19, 1987), better known by his stage name Amtrac, is an American songwriter, producer, vocalist, multi-instrumentalist and DJ .

neg: Luke Morley Luke Morley (born 19 June 1960 in Camberwell, London, England) is the guitarist, chief songwriter and producer for the hard rock band Thunder from 1989 to Present (with a break from 1999–2002, and 2009–2011). Previous to that he was a member of 1980s group, Terraplane who subsequently became Thunder.

neg: Amon Amarth Amon Amarth is a Swedish melodic death metal band from Tumba, formed in 1992. The band takes its name from the Sindarin name of Mount Doom, a volcano in J. R. R. Tolkien′s Middle-earth. Their lyrics mostly deal with Viking mythology and history, and so they have been linked with Viking metal. The band is composed of vocalist Johan Hegg, guitarists Olavi Mikkonen and Johan Söderberg, bassist Ted Lundström and drummer Jocke Wallgren. Amon Amarth has released ten studio albums, one compilation album, one EP, one video album, and ten music videos. Its first studio album, "Once Sent from the Golden Hall", debuted in 1998. Five more studio releases followed, before the band saw its breakthrough with the 2008 album "Twilight of the Thunder God", which debuted at No. 10 on the Swedish album charts and No. 50 on the US "Billboard" 200. Three more albums, "Surtur Rising", "Deceiver of the Gods", and "Jomsviking" followed in 2011, 2013, and 2016, respectively.

neg: Günter Schulz Günter Schulz (or Guenter Schulz) is a German-born guitarist formerly of the band KMFDM. His first credited appearance (as Svetlana Ambrosius, or Svet Am) was on the band's "Naïve" album (1990). He continued using that stage name until 1995's "Nihil". Schulz displayed an impressive mastery of speed metal guitar skills and co-wrote many of KMFDM's songs from the 1990s. He also wrote and performed in various KMFDM side projects, including two albums with Sascha Konietzko's Excessive Force and a solo album by En Esch. He currently resides in Vancouver, British Columbia.

neg: I Am Dynamite Iamdynamite (sometimes stylized as IAMDYNAMITE) is an American indie/minimalist/rock duo consisting of Christopher Martin (guitar and lead vocals) and Chris Phillips (drums and vocals). The duo is from Ann Arbor, Michigan and released its first full-length album SUPERMEGAFANTASTIC on Brando Records on June 5, 2012.

neg: Dan Miller (guitarist) Dan Miller (born October 3, 1967) is an American musician and songwriter. He has toured and recorded with the alternative rock duo They Might Be Giants since late 1998. Generally, Miller plays guitars for the band. Prior to joining TMBG, he performed with the groups Edith O and Lincoln. Having left Lincoln for personal reasons in 1998, he was contacted by John Flansburgh, who offered him a spot as lead guitarist for They Might Be Giants' Fall 1998 tour. He has also toured with John Flansburgh as Mono Puff's guitarist in the late 1990s, and played on bandmate John Linnell's "State Songs" tour.

neg: Stephen Drury Stephen Drury (born April 13, 1955) is an American pianist, conductor and electronic musician.

neg: Stephen Thomas Erlewine Stephen Thomas "Tom" Erlewine (born June 18, 1973, in Ann Arbor, Michigan) is an American music critic and senior editor for AllMusic. He is the author of many artist biographies and record reviews for AllMusic, as well as a freelance writer, occasionally contributing liner notes. He is the frontman and guitarist for the Ann Arbor-based band, Who Dat?

neg: Steve Durand Stephen "Steve" Durand (born ) is a Canadian rock musician, most notable for his work with Tinker and his involvement with Melissa Auf der Maur.

neg: Samoth Samoth (born Tomas Thormodsæter Haugen; 9 June 1974) is a musician and multi-instrumentalist in the Norwegian black metal scene. He was well known for his distinct guitar work and drumming in the band Emperor, as well as his formation of the death metal band Zyklon. In very early Emperor releases, he was called Samot (his name "Tomas" backward), and with the formation of Zyklon he became known as Zamoth. Samoth was the owner of the record label Nocturnal Art Productions and had a close relationship with Candlelight Records.

neg: Matt Slocum (keyboardist) Matt Slocum (born Matthew Dutot Slocum) is a keyboardist who collaborates predominantly with southern jazz, funk, fusion and blues musicians. He has worked with Susan Tedeschi, Jimmy Herring Allman Brothers bassist Oteil Burbridge and Railroad Earth among many others.

neg: Carol Jarvis Carol Jarvis (born 17 November 1977) is a trombonist, keyboard player, arranger, orchestrator, musical director, professor, journalist, clinician and presenter.

neg: Stephen Emmel Stephen Emmel is a Coptologist and musician.

neg: Rick Marotta Richard Thomas "Rick" Marotta (born January 7, 1948) is an American drummer and percussionist. He has appeared on recordings by leading artists such as Aretha Franklin, Carly Simon, Steely Dan, James Taylor, Paul Simon, John Lennon, Hall & Oates, Stevie Nicks, Wynonna, Roy Orbison, Todd Rundgren, Roberta Flack, Peter Frampton, Quincy Jones, Jackson Browne, Al Kooper, Waylon Jennings, Randy Newman, Peter Gabriel, Kenny G, The Jacksons, Crosby, Stills & Nash, Warren Zevon, and Linda Ronstadt.


query: Harold L. Martin was chancellor of which historically black public research university?

pos: Harold L. Martin Harold L. Martin Sr. Ph.D. (born October 22, 1951) is an American engineer, educator and former, and current Chancellor of Winston-Salem State and North Carolina Agricultural and Technical State University respectively. He is the first alumnus in the history of North Carolina A&T to hold the position of Chancellor.

pos: Winston-Salem State University Winston-Salem State University (WSSU), a constituent institution of the University of North Carolina, is a historically black public research university located in Winston-Salem, North Carolina, United States. It is a member-school of the Thurgood Marshall College Fund. WSSU is an accredited university offering baccalaureate and graduate programs to a diverse student population.

neg: Philip Guthrie Hoffman Philip Guthrie Hoffman (6 August 1915 – 29 October 2008) was the fifth president of the University of Houston, and the first chancellor of the University of Houston System. While at the university, he was instrumental in obtaining state affiliation, transitioning to a racially integrated status, and expanding enrollment in multiple locations. Hoffman also served as president of the Texas Medical Center. Prior to his appointment as president of UH, he was a professor and administrator for several universities.

neg: South Carolina State University South Carolina State University (often referred to as SCSU or SC State) is a four-year historically black university located in Orangeburg, South Carolina, United States. It is the only state funded, historically black land-grant institution in South Carolina, is a member-school of the Thurgood Marshall College Fund and is accredited by the Southern Association of Colleges and Schools (SACS).

neg: Curley Byrd Harry Clifton "Curley" Byrd (February 12, 1889 – October 2, 1970) was an American university administrator, educator, athlete, coach, segregationist, and politician. Byrd began a long association with the University of Maryland as an undergraduate in 1905, and eventually rose to the position of university president from 1936 to 1954.

neg: University of South Carolina The University of South Carolina (also referred to as USC, SC, South Carolina, or simply Carolina) is a public, co-educational research university in Columbia, South Carolina, United States, with seven satellite campuses. Its campus covers over 359 acre in downtown Columbia not far from the South Carolina State House. The University is categorized by the Carnegie Foundation for the Advancement of Teaching as having "highest research activity." It has been ranked as an "up-and-coming" university by U.S. News & World Report, and its undergraduate and graduate International Business programs have ranked among the top three programs in the nation for over a decade. It also houses the largest collection of Robert Burns and Scottish literature materials outside Scotland, and the world's largest Ernest Hemingway collection.

neg: Mary McLeod Bethune Mary Jane McLeod Bethune (born Mary Jane McLeod; July 10, 1875 – May 18, 1955) was an American educator, stateswoman, philanthropist, humanitarian and civil rights activist best known for starting a private school for African-American students in Daytona Beach, Florida. She attracted donations of time and money, and developed the academic school as a college. It later continued to develop as Bethune-Cookman University. She also was appointed as a national adviser to President Franklin D. Roosevelt as part of what was known as his Black Cabinet. She was known as "The First Lady of The Struggle" because of her commitment to gain better lives for African Americans.

neg: Archie Dykes Archie Reece Dykes (born January 20, 1931) is an American academic. He served as the chancellor of the University of Kansas from 1973 to 1981. From 1967 to 1971, he was chancellor of the University of Tennessee at Martin. Dykes is an alumnus of East Tennessee State University and University of Tennessee at Knoxville and holds bachelor's, master's, and doctorate degrees in education.

neg: University of Alabama at Birmingham The University of Alabama at Birmingham (UAB) is a public research university in Birmingham in the U.S. state of Alabama. Developed from an academic extension center established in 1936, the institution became an autonomous institution in 1969 and is today one of three institutions in the University of Alabama System and the only R1 research institution in the state. In the fall of 2015, 19,656 students from more than 110 countries were enrolled at UAB pursuing studies in 140 programs of study in 12 academic divisions leading to bachelor's, master's, doctoral, and professional degrees in the social and behavioral sciences, the liberal arts, business, education, engineering, and health-related fields such as medicine, dentistry, optometry, nursing, and public health.

neg: Charles Hamilton Houston Charles Hamilton Houston (September 3, 1895 – April 22, 1950) was a prominent African-American lawyer, Dean of Howard University Law School, and NAACP first special counsel, or Litigation Director. A graduate of Amherst College and Harvard Law School, Houston played a significant role in dismantling Jim Crow laws, especially attacking segregation in schools and racial housing convenants. He earned the title "The Man Who Killed Jim Crow".

neg: Black Cabinet The Black Cabinet, or Federal Council of Negro Affairs or Black Brain Trust, was the informal term for a group of African-Americans who served as public policy advisors to President Franklin D. Roosevelt and his wife Eleanor Roosevelt in his 1933-45 terms in office. There was no official organization. The term was coined in 1936 by Mary McLeod Bethune and was occasionally used in the press. By mid-1935, there were 45 African Americans working in federal executive departments and New Deal agencies.

neg: Robert S. Martin Robert S. Martin, Ph.D. (born 1949) is an American librarian, archivist, administrator, and educator. He is the former director of the Institute of Museum and Library Services (IMLS), and is currently a member of the National Council on the Humanities.

neg: Martin Hall (academic) Martin Hall (born in Guildford, England) is a British-South African academic and educationalist who has written extensively on South African history, culture and higher education policy. He is a former Vice Chancellor of the University of Salford.

neg: King University King University (formerly King College) is a private university in Bristol, Tennessee. Graduate programs are offered in business administration, nursing, and education. Founded in 1867, King is independently governed with covenant affiliations to the Presbyterian Church (U.S.A.) and the Evangelical Presbyterian Church (EPC).

neg: University of Baltimore The University of Baltimore (UB), located in midtown Baltimore, Maryland, in the Mt. Vernon neighborhood at 1420 N. Charles Street, is part of the University System of Maryland. The university is a public undergraduate, graduate, and professional university located in the heart of the state's largest city. UB's schools and colleges provide education in business, law, public affairs, and the applied arts and sciences.

neg: New Orleans University New Orleans University was a historically black college that operated between 1873 and 1934 in New Orleans, Louisiana. It was founded by the Methodist Episcopal Church and affiliated with a number of preparatory schools located in various parts of the state of Louisiana. It merged with Straight College in 1934 to form Dillard University.

neg: Union University Union University is a private, evangelical Christian, liberal arts university located in Jackson, Tennessee, with additional campuses in Germantown and Hendersonville. The university is affiliated with the Tennessee Baptist Convention and relates to the Southern Baptist Convention.

neg: John D. Robinson John D. Robinson (born August 24, 1946) is a retired psychologist and Professor Emeritus of Psychiatry and Surgery at Howard University College of Medicine. In 1973, Robinson became the first African-American psychologist in the U.S. Air Force, and, in 1975, the first African-American psychologist in the U.S. Navy. He also served as the first African-American administrator at the University of Texas at Austin.

neg: Black liberalism Black liberalism, also known as African-American liberalism is a political and social philosophy within the United States of America's African-American community that aligns with primarily liberalism, most commonly associated with the Democratic Party. Modern liberalism is a core value of the Democratic Party, which has consistently received 85-95% of the African-American vote since the 1960s due to the support of the Civil Rights Movement by U.S. Presidents John F. Kennedy and Lyndon B. Johnson.

neg: Allen Meadors Allen Coats Meadors (born May 17, 1947) is an American professor and university administrator. Meadors has served as dean of the College of Public Health at the University of Oklahoma and of the College of Health, Social and Public Services at Eastern Washington University, chief executive at Penn State Altoona, chancellor at the University of North Carolina at Pembroke and president of the University of Central Arkansas (UCA). In September 2011, Meadors resigned from UCA following a controversy about his actions regarding renovation of his official university residence. Subsequently, he served as executive director of the United Arab Emirates Higher Education Coordination Council and president of St. John International University.

neg: Clifton R. Wharton Jr. Clifton Reginald Wharton Jr. (born September 13, 1926) is an American university president, corporate executive and former United States Deputy Secretary of State In his multiple careers, he has been an African American pioneer.

neg: Inman E. Page Inman E. Page (December 29, 1853 - December 21, 1935) was a Baptist leader and educator in Oklahoma and Missouri. He was president of four schools: the Lincoln Institute, Langston University, Western University, and Roger Williams University and principal of Douglass High School in Oklahoma City. He and George Milford were the first black students at Brown University.