query: Which character created by Brian K. Vaughan and Adrian Alphona has control of a vehicle in the form of a large frog?

pos: Leapfrog (comics) The Leapfrog is a fictional vehicle appearing in American comic books published by Marvel Comics. The Leapfrog is the personal mode of transport for the superhero team Runaways. The ship takes on the form of a large frog. Originally created by Janet Stein and Victor Stein, the Leapfrog was used by the Pride when they had to perform their Rite of Thunder for the Gibborim. After the Pride was destroyed by the Gibborim, control of the Leapfrog rested with Chase Stein and has since been used as the primary mode of transportation for the Runaways. The Leapfrog doesn't actually fly; it "jumps" forward to move.

pos: Chase Stein Chase Stein (also known as Talkback), is a fictional character, a superhero in the Marvel Comics "Runaways". He was created by author Brian K. Vaughan & artist Adrian Alphona, and debuted in "Runaways" vol. 1 #1 with most of the other main characters. Like every member of the original Runaways, he is the son of evil villains with special abilities; in Chase's case, mad scientists. Chase is often regarded as the "wild card" in the series, due to his often changing role in the group, from being the getaway guy and technical guru to the "loose cannon" after he departed the group for a short while. However, despite his rule-breaking persona, Chase is fiercely loyal to his friends and remains a valued member of the team. Chase is the eldest of the Runaways at age 18. Chase shares a psychic and empathic link with deinonychus Old Lace, granting him the ability to command the dinosaur to do his bidding and also possesses the Fistigons, the world's most powerful gauntlets.

neg: Frogger (1997 video game) Frogger (though branded and commonly referred to as Frogger: He's Back!) is a video game remake of the classic 1981 arcade game of the same name. It was developed by SCE Cambridge Studio and published by Hasbro Interactive in November 1997. The game is an expansion of the original arcade game, sporting levels with large maps, an updated set of graphics rendered in 3D, and additional gameplay moves. Critical reaction was mixed, with frequent criticism towards the gameplay, controls, and difficulty; while the graphics were received positively. Despite the mixed reception from critics, it was a commercial success, with the PlayStation version going on to become one of the best-selling titles for the console.

neg: Birdman and the Galaxy Trio Birdman is a fictional superhero created by Alex Toth. He debuted on NBC on September 9, 1967, and ran on Saturday mornings until September 6, 1969. The program consists of two segments: "Birdman", depicting the adventures of a winged superhero powered by the sun centering on the exploits of the extraterrestrial superhero, and "Galaxy Trio", centered in the adventures of a patrol of intergalactic superheroes. Each segment was a complete independent story and their respective characters did not interact with the others. NBC ran a segment of "Birdman" each Saturday.

neg: Hop-Frog "Hop-Frog" (originally "Hop-Frog; Or, the Eight Chained Ourangoutangs") is a short story by American writer Edgar Allan Poe, first published in 1849. The title character, a person with dwarfism taken from his homeland, becomes the jester of a king particularly fond of practical jokes. Taking revenge on the king and his cabinet for the king's striking his friend and fellow dwarf Trippetta, he dresses the king and his cabinet as orangutans for a masquerade. In front of the king's guests, Hop-Frog murders them all by setting their costumes on fire before escaping with Trippetta.

neg: Road Pig Road Pig is a fictional character from the toyline, comic books and cartoon series. He is affiliated with Cobra as one of the Dreadnoks and debuted in 1988.

neg: Larry Wade (DC Comics) Lawrence "Larry" Wade is a fictional character who appears in comic books published by DC Comics and a supporting character of Static/Virgil Hawkins. Created by writers Dwayne McDuffie and Robert L. Washington III, and artist John Paul Leon, Larry first appeared in "Static" #1 (June 1993), one of the titles published by Milestone Comics, an imprint of DC Comics. After the closing of Milestone Comics, Larry became part of DC's mainstream universe of characters. He was also featured on the Static Shock TV series from the DCAU, and was voiced by Omar Gooding.

neg: Animal Man Animal Man (Bernhard "Buddy" Baker) is a fictional character, a superhero in the DC Comics Universe . As a result of being in proximity to an exploding extraterrestrial spaceship, Buddy Baker acquires the ability to temporarily "borrow" the abilities of animals (such as a bird's flight or the proportionate strength of an ant). Using these powers, Baker fights crime as the costumed superhero Animal Man.

neg: Alucard (Castlevania) Adrian Fahrenheit Ţepeş (アドリアン・ファーレンハイツ・ツェペシュ , Adorian Fārenhaitsu Tsepeshu ) , better known as Alucard (アルカード , Arukādo ) , is a character in Konami's "Castlevania" series of video games. His first appearance in the series was in the 1989 game "", but he is best known for his role in the critically acclaimed "", released in 1997. His design in "Symphony of the Night" was created by Ayami Kojima, marking her first contribution to the "Castlevania" franchise.

neg: Black Racer (DC Comics) The Black Racer is a fictional character, a deity and avatar of Death in the DC Comics universe who often hunts those affiliated with the Speed Force. The character first appears in "New Gods" #3 (July 1971) and was created by Jack Kirby.

neg: Frog (picture books) Frog is a picture book character created by Dutch author and illustrator Max Velthuijs.

neg: Aruna (comics) Aruna is a fictional supeheroine published by DC Comics. She first appeared in "Batgirl Annual" # 1 (August 2000), and was created by Scott Peterson and Mike Deodato.

neg: Entoman Entoman is a fictional character created by David Füleki. He is an anthropomorphic duck with superhuman powers who has major or minor roles in many comic books.

neg: Princess (Flash series) Princess is a Flash animation series by Matt Stone and Trey Parker, the creators of "South Park". The story follows a Lhasa Apso dog.

neg: Anita Blake Anita Blake is the title and viewpoint character of the "" series by Laurell K. Hamilton. The series takes place in a parallel world in which supernatural characters like vampires and werewolves exist alongside regular humans, with Blake's jobs including the re-animation of the dead as well as the hunting and executing of supernatural creatures (mostly vampires) that have broken the law. Hamilton stated that she created the character after perceiving a gender inequality in detective fiction, with female characters rarely getting the same treatment as male heroes of the genre.

neg: Doctor Octopus Doctor Octopus (Otto Octavius) is a fictional character appearing in American comic books published by Marvel Comics. A highly intelligent mad scientist, Doctor Octopus is typically portrayed as a stocky, myopic man who utilizes four powerful, mechanical appendages, and is obsessed with proving his own genius and destroying the superhero Spider-Man.

neg: Quacula Quacula is an animated fictional character, an anthropomorphic vampire duck (not to be confused with Count Duckula, who is not related to Quacula) created by Filmation. He starred in his own segment on "The New Adventures of Mighty Mouse and Heckle & Jeckle" for one season.

neg: Alice (Dilbert) Alice is an engineer from the "Dilbert" comic strip. She is one of Dilbert's co-workers in the department. She has long curly hair, which transformed into a large and distinctive triangular hairstyle when the character became a regular. Her character was based on a former co-worker of cartoonist Scott Adams.

neg: List of Jam Urban Adventure Characters The following is a list of characters who appear in stories that are related (however tangentially) to the Jammer, a fictional superhero created by Bernie Mireault.

neg: Battletoads Battletoads is a video game media franchise by Rare that began with the original beat 'em up game "Battletoads" in 1991. Starring three anthropomorphic toads named after skin conditions, Rash, Zitz, and Pimple, the series was created to rival the "Teenage Mutant Ninja Turtles" games. The series as a whole has been quite popular with five installments up to this date and at its apex spawned an animated television pilot.

neg: Fantasticar The Fantasticar is a fictional flying car appearing in American comic books published by Marvel Comics. The vehicle is depicted as the primary mode of transportation for the fictional Marvel comics superhero team, the Fantastic Four. Several versions have been created by Mister Fantastic, leader of the team.

neg: Hoppy the Marvel Bunny Hoppy the Marvel Bunny is a fictional comic book superhero and funny animal originally published by Fawcett Comics as a spin-off of Captain Marvel. He was created by Chad Grothkopf (1914–2005), and debuted in "Fawcett's Funny Animals" #1 (Dec. 1942). Hoppy later became a property of DC Comics, and has made periodic appearances in Captain Marvel-related stories.


query: Are Catcha Lake and Big Dan Mine both located in Canada?

pos: Catcha Lake Catcha Lake is a Canadian lake located in the central part of Nova Scotia's Halifax Regional Municipality.

pos: Big Dan Mine Big Dan Mine is an abandoned underground mine in Northeastern Ontario, Canada. It is located about 1 km southwest of Net Lake and just west of the Ontario Northland Railway in east-central Strathy Township. It is named after Dan O'Connor, who first claimed the site in the 1890s.

neg: McLeod Lake McLeod Lake is an unincorporated community located on Highway 97 in northern British Columbia, Canada, 140 km north of Prince George. It is notable for being the first continuously inhabited European settlement established west of the Rocky Mountains in present-day Canada.

neg: Elliot Lake Elliot Lake is a city in Algoma District, Ontario, Canada. It is north of Lake Huron, midway between the cities of Sudbury and Sault Ste. Marie in the Northern Ontario region. Once dubbed the "uranium capital of the world," Elliot Lake has since diversified to a hub for forest harvesting, mine reclamation expertise and manufacturing, exporting glass awards and telescoping equipment for mining. In addition, Elliot Lake is now known as a place for affordable retirement living, waterfront cottage lots and as a four-season destination.

neg: Bennett, British Columbia Bennett, British Columbia, Canada is an abandoned town next to Bennett Lake. It was built during the Klondike Gold Rush of 1897–99 at the end of the White Pass and Chilkoot Trails from the nearby ports of Skagway and Dyea in Alaska. Gold prospectors would pack their supplies over the Coast Mountains from the ports and then build or purchase rafts to take them down the Yukon River to the gold fields around Dawson City, Yukon. When the White Pass and Yukon Route Railroad was completed in 1900 it went right to Whitehorse, passing the port town. This led the entire economy of Bennett, based on stampeders and river travelers, to collapse.

neg: Harp Lake Harp Lake is a lake in north-central Labrador, Canada.

neg: Springwater, Saskatchewan Springwater is a special service area in the Rural Municipality of Biggar No. 347, Saskatchewan, Canada. It held village status prior to December 31, 2006. Springwater is located south of Lydden Lake, west of Springwater Lake and southeast of Sunny Lake. It is also the location of the Springwater Meteorite found in 1931 near Springwater.

neg: Big Bar Lake Provincial Park Big Bar Lake Provincial Park is a provincial park in British Columbia, Canada.

neg: Bonnie Lake (Alberta) Bonnie Lake is a small lake in Alberta, Canada. It is located 6 km outside of Vilna, Alberta, north of Highway 28, and is part of the North Saskatchewan River basin.

neg: Big Salmon Lake (Ontario) Big Salmon Lake is a lake in Frontenac Provincial Park in eastern Ontario. It lies in the Frontenac Axis, and is the largest lake in the park. It is a long, narrow shaped lake, accessible by the main road into the park and by many hiking trails. Despite the name Big Salmon Lake, there are no salmon in the lake. There are no major islands in the lake, but there are a few small ones in the east end of the lake.

neg: Beaverlodge Lake Beaverlodge Lake is a remote lake in northern Saskatchewan, Canada, located east of Uranium City, Saskatchewan. Road access is provided by Saskatchewan Highway 962.

neg: Catchacoma Lake Catchacoma Lake is a lake located in the Kawartha Highlands of Ontario, Canada.

neg: Big Whopper mine The Big Whopper mine is a large mine located at Separation Lake, in Ontario, Canada. Big Whopper represents one of the largest tantalum reserves in Canada having estimated reserves of 13.8 million tonnes of ore grading 0.007% tantalum and 1.34% lithium.

neg: Trout Lake, Alberta Trout Lake is an unincorporated community in northern Alberta within the Municipal District of Opportunity No. 17, located 48 km east of Highway 88, 303 km northeast of Grande Prairie.

neg: Lucky Lake, Saskatchewan Lucky Lake formerly known as Devil's Lake, is a village in Canaan Rural Municipality No. 225, Saskatchewan, Canada. The population was 287 as of the 2011 census. The Village is located at the junction of Highway 42, Highway 45 and Highway 646 approximately 90 km north-east of Swift Current, Saskatchewan.

neg: Aishihik Lake Aishihik Lake is a lake of Yukon, Canada.

neg: Lava Lake (British Columbia) Lava Lake is a lava dammed lake located in northwestern British Columbia, Canada. The lake lies within the Nisga'a Memorial Lava Beds Provincial Park, which includes fishing, hiking and other features.

neg: Kesagami Lake Kesagami Lake is a lake of Ontario, Canada.

neg: McEvoy Lake McEvoy Lake is a lake located in Yukon, Canada.

neg: Chandos Lake Chandos Lake is a lake in North Kawartha, Ontario, Canada.

neg: Harewood, British Columbia Harewood is the name of a lake and a plain of the Canadian province of British Columbia. It is located 4 km south of Nanaimo, on the east coast of Vancouver Island. Its geographical coordinates are The name has been in use since at least 1913, when Harewood referred to a small mining village in the area, no longer existing. The mine was owned in part by the seventh son of the third son of the Earl of Harewood. Today, the name "Harewood" is used to refer to a neighbourhood in south Nanaimo and surrounding community.

neg: Primrose Lake Primrose Lake is a large lake in Saskatchewan and Alberta, Canada. The lake straddles the Alberta/Saskatchewan border, with most of the water surface in Saskatchewan. It is close to the better known Cold Lake, Alberta.


query: Where was the paramilitary commander famous for massacring Jews living in Kaunas, Lithuania born?

pos: Algirdas Klimaitis Algirdas Klimaitis (1910 in Kaunas – August 29, 1988 in Hamburg) was a Lithuanian paramilitary commander, infamous for his role in the Kaunas pogrom in June 1941.

pos: Kaunas pogrom The Kaunas pogrom was a massacre of Jewish people living in Kaunas, Lithuania that took place on June 25–29, 1941 – the first days of the Operation Barbarossa and of Nazi occupation of Lithuania. The most infamous incident occurred in the Lietūkis garage, where several dozen Jewish men were publicly tortured and executed on June 27. After June, systematic executions took place at various forts of the Kaunas Fortress, especially the Seventh and Ninth Fort.

neg: The Holocaust in Lithuania The Holocaust in Nazi-occupied Lithuania resulted in the near total destruction of Lithuanian Jews (Litvaks), living in "Generalbezirk Litauen" of Reichskommissariat Ostland within the Nazi-controlled Lithuanian SSR. Out of approximately 208,000-210,000 Jews, an estimated 190,000–195,000 were murdered before the end of World War II (wider estimates are sometimes published), most between June and December 1941. More than 95% of Lithuania's Jewish population was massacred over the three-year German occupation — a more complete destruction than befell any other country affected by the Holocaust. Historians attribute this to the massive collaboration in the genocide by the non-Jewish local paramilitaries, though the reasons for this collaboration are still debated. The Holocaust resulted in the largest-ever loss of life in so short a period of time in the history of Lithuania.

neg: Vladimir Kurasov Vladimir Vasilyevich Kurasov (Russian: Владимир Васильевич Курасов ; July 7(19), 1897 – November 30, 1973) was a Soviet military leader, Chief of Staff of Kalinin Front (renamed as 1st Baltic Front) during World War II, reaching service rank of Army General, Hero of the Soviet Union.

neg: Joseph Epstein Joseph Epstein (October 16, 1911 – April 11, 1944 in Fort Mont-Valérien, France), also known as "Colonel Gilles" and as "Joseph Andrej", was a Polish-born Jewish communist activist and a French Resistance leader during World War II. He was executed by the Germans.

neg: Mindaugas Murza Mindaugas Gervaldas (born 16 December 1973), until 2012 known as Mindaugas Murza, is a Lithuanian politician, a radical nationalist former member of the National Democratic Party, former member of the Lithuanian National Defence Volunteer Forces (a Lithuanian government sponsored paramilitary organization), a one time leader of the National Socialist Party, and member of Šiauliai city municipality council. He is known for his anti-semitic statements.

neg: Anton Burger Anton "Toni" Burger (19 November 1911 – 25 December 1991) was a Hauptsturmführer (Captain) in the German Nazi SS, "Judenreferent" in Greece (1944) and "Lagerkommandant" of Theresienstadt concentration camp.

neg: Konstantin Rokossovsky Konstantin Konstantinovich (Xaverevich) Rokossovsky (December 21 1896 – August 3, 1968) was a Soviet officer of Polish origin who became Marshal of the Soviet Union, Marshal of Poland and served as Poland's Defence Minister. He was among the most prominent Red Army commanders of World War II, especially renowned for his planning and executing of Operation Bagration, one of the most decisive Red Army successes of the Second World War.

neg: Jan Rządkowski Jan Piotr Rządkowski (1860–1934) was a Polish military officer and a General of the Polish Army. He is best known as the commanding officer of the 1st Lithuanian-Belarusian Division during the Polish-Bolshevik War and then the commander of the armed forces of the Republic of Central Lithuania.

neg: Arvydas Pocius Lieutenant General Arvydas Pocius (born 14 May 1957) is the current Chief of Defence of Lithuania. During his military career, Pocius has held various positions, including Chief of Staff of Voluntary Service of National Defence, and Commander of the Lithuanian Land Force. Pocius was Lithuanian champion of freestyle wrestling in junior, youth and adult groups.

neg: Vincas Vitkauskas Vincas Vitkauskas (4 October 1890 – 3 March 1965) was a Lithuanian general. He became commander of the Lithuanian Army after the resignation of Stasys Raštikis in January 1940. In this capacity, Vitkauskas opposed armed resistance to the Soviet occupation in June 1940 and subsequently collaborated with the new Soviet regime.

neg: Aaron Bank Colonel Aaron Bank (November 23, 1902 – April 1, 2004) was an officer of the United States Army, and the founder of the US Army Special Forces, commonly called "Green Berets". He is also famous for his exploits as an OSS officer during World War II, parachuting into France to coordinate and activate the French Resistance and organizing an operation intended to capture Adolf Hitler. During his retirement years, Bank played a quiet but critical role in warning the nation about the risks of terrorism and modern technology and he is largely responsible for the high level of security at U.S. nuclear power plants since the early 1970s.

neg: Günther Herrmann (SS commander) Günther Herrmann (1908−2004) was a functionary in the SS of Nazi Germany during World War II and a convicted criminal. He commanded the "Sonderkommando 4b" and the "Einsatzkommando 12" of the "Einsatzgruppe C" in the occupied Soviet Union and the "Einsatzgruppe E" in Croatia. In 1973, Herrmann was convicted for the murders committed in 1941–42 in the occupied Soviet Union and was sentenced to seven years in prison.

neg: Zigmas Angarietis Zigmas Angarietis (born Zigmontas Antanas Aleksa, Russian: Зигмас Ангаретис ; June 13, 1882 – May 22, 1940) was a Lithuanian communist, Russian revolutionary, one of the leaders of the Communist Party of Lithuania. He was one of the main people behind the short-lived Lithuanian Soviet Socialist Republic (1918–1919) and Lithuanian–Belorussian Soviet Socialist Republic (Litbel). Angarietis was arrested in 1938 during the Great Purge and executed two years later. During his lifetime he wrote over a hundred Marxist–Leninist works.

neg: Hans Friedemann Götze Hans Friedemann Goetze (November 3, 1897 – May 27, 1940) was a Nazi Standartenführer (Colonel) of the German Waffen-SS and commander of SS Heimwehr Danzig (Danzig Home Defence). He was a son of SS-Brigadeführer Friedemann Goetze. He was shot and killed by a British sniper while leading Infanterie Regiment 3 of the 3rd SS Division Totenkopf near Le Paradis.

neg: Johannes Thümmler Johannes Hermann Thümmler, also Hans Thümmler, (born August 23, 1906 in Chemnitz; † 28. April 2002 in Eriskirch); was a German Obersturmbannführer and Senior Government, Head of the Gestapo Chemnitz and Katowice, as well as leader of commando 16 group D Einsatzgruppenin Croatia.

neg: Deportation of the Crimean Tatars The deportation of the Crimean Tatars (Crimean Tatar "Qırımtatar sürgünligi"; Russian "Депортация крымских татар"; Ukrainian "Депортація кримських татар") refers to the ethnic cleansing of Tatars from Crimea on 18 May 1944 carried out by Lavrentiy Beria, chief of the Soviet security and secret police, under the orders of Soviet leader Joseph Stalin. Within a space of three days, the Soviet NKVD deported at least 191,044 Crimean Tatar people in cattle trains—including women, children, and the elderly, as well as Communists and members of the Red Army−several thousands kilometers away to modern-day Uzbekistan. The deportation was ordered by Stalin as collective punishment for the 15,000–20,000 Tatars who had joined the Wehrmacht during the German occupation of Crimea in World War II, even though 25,033 Crimean Tatars had joined the Soviet Red Army during the war.

neg: Mikhail Dmitriyevich Bonch-Bruyevich Mikhail Dmitriyevich Bonch-Bruyevich (Russian: Михаи́л Дми́триевич Бонч-Бруе́вич ; 24 February [O.S. 12 February] 1870  – 3 August 1956) was an Imperial Russian and Soviet military commander, Lieutenant General (1944). His family belonged to the nobility of the former Grand Duchy of Lithuania.

neg: Juozas Lukša Juozas Lukša also known by the pseudonym "Daumantas" or "Skirmantas" (August 10, 1921 in Juodbūdis village, Prienai District Municipality – September 4, 1951 in Pabartupis village, Kaunas district) was one of the most prominent post-World War II leaders of the Lithuanian partisans, the anti-Soviet armed resistance. In 2003, director Jonas Vaitkus released a movie based on his life, "Utterly Alone".

neg: Šiauliai Ghetto The Šiauliai or Shavli Ghetto was a Jewish ghetto established in July 1941 by Nazi Germany in the city of Šiauliai (Yiddish: שאַװל , "Shavl") in Nazi-occupied Lithuania during the Holocaust. The ghetto comprised two areas – one in the Kaukazas suburb and one on Trakai Street. Both were liquidated by July 1944, and their inhabitants were killed or transferred to Nazi concentration camps. In 1939, one quarter of the population of Šiauliai was Jewish, about 8,000 persons. By the end of World War II, only about 500 Jews of the city had survived.

neg: Amon Göth Amon Leopold Göth (] ; alternative spelling "Goeth"; 11 December 1908 – 13 September 1946;    ) was an Austrian SS-"Hauptsturmführer" (captain) and the commandant of the Kraków-Płaszów concentration camp in Płaszów in German-occupied Poland for most of the camp's existence during World War II.

neg: Nikolai Ivanovich Kuznetsov Nikolai Ivanovich Kuznetsov (Russian: Николай Иванович Кузнецов ) (July 27, 1911–March 9, 1944) was a semi-legendary Soviet intelligence agent and partisan who operated in Nazi-occupied Ukraine (Reichskommissariat Ukraine) during World War II who personally killed six high-ranking German officials. His file is still not fully disclosed and will be held until 2025 in the FSB archives. It was not until 1990 that Kuznetsov was officially recognized as a NKVD agent. He used several pseudonyms during his intelligence operations: e.g. Rudolf Schmidt, Nikolai Vasilevitsh Grachev (Николай Васильевич Грачёв) and Oberleutnant Paul Siebert. Kuznetsov was posthumously awarded the title Hero of the Soviet Union.


query: Where is the English mathematician who described Twistor Space in the 1960's the  Emeritus Rouse Ball Professor of Mathematics?

pos: Twistor space In mathematics, twistor space is the complex vector space of solutions of the twistor equation formula_1. It was described in the 1960s by Roger Penrose and Malcolm MacCallum. According to Andrew Hodges, twistor space is useful for conceptualizing the way photons travel through space, using four complex numbers. He also posits that twistor space may aid in understanding the asymmetry of the weak nuclear force.

pos: Roger Penrose Sir Roger Penrose {'1': ", '2': ", '3': ", '4': "} (born 8 August 1931) is an English mathematical physicist, mathematician and philosopher of science. He is the Emeritus Rouse Ball Professor of Mathematics at the Mathematical Institute of the University of Oxford, as well as an Emeritus Fellow of Wadham College.

neg: Christopher Hooley Christopher Hooley FLSW FRS (born 7 August 1928) is a British mathematician, emeritus professor of mathematics at Cardiff University. He did his PhD under the supervision of Albert Ingham. He won the Adams Prize of Cambridge University in 1973. He was elected a Fellow of the Royal Society in 1983. He is also a Founding Fellow of the Learned Society of Wales.

neg: Boris Yakovlevich Bukreev Boris Yakovlevich Bukreev Russian: Борис Яковлевич Букреев (6 September 1859 – 2 October 1962) was a Russian and Soviet mathematician who worked in the areas of complex functions and differential equations. He studied Fuchsian functions of rank zero. He was interested in projective and non-Euclidean geometry. He worked on differential invariants and parameters in the theory of surfaces, and also wrote many papers on the history of mathematics.

neg: Miles Reid Miles Anthony Reid FRS (born 30 January 1948) is a mathematician who works in algebraic geometry.

neg: Fielden Professor of Pure Mathematics The Fielden Chair of Pure Mathematics is an endowed professorial position in the School of Mathematics, University of Manchester, England.

neg: William B. Bonnor William Bowen Bonnor (9 September 1920 – 17 August 2015) was a mathematician and gravitation physicist best known for his research into astrophysics, cosmology and general relativity. For most of his academic career he was a professor of mathematics at the University of London.

neg: Renzo L. Ricca Renzo Luigi Ricca (24 January, 1960) is an Italian-born applied mathematician (naturalized British citizen), professor of mathematical-physics at the University of Milano-Bicocca. His principal research interests are in classical field theory, dynamical systems (vortex dynamics and magnetohydrodynamics) and structural complexity. He is known for his contributions to the field of geometric and topological fluid dynamics and, in particular, for his work on geometric and topological aspects of kinetic and magnetic helicity, and physical knot theory.

neg: Robert Bartnik Robert Bartnik is an Australian mathematician based at Monash University, where he holds the position of Professor of Pure Mathematics. He is known for his contribution to general relativity, particularly for demonstrating that the ADM mass of an asymptotically flat spacetime is a well-defined quantity. He gained his bachelor's and master's degrees from Melbourne University and his PhD from Princeton University in 1983. His dissertation subject was "Existence of Maximal Hypersurfaces". In 2004 he was elected as a fellow of the Australian Academy of Science at which time it was noted He is perhaps best known for his work with John McKinnon on particle-like solutions of the Einstein Yang–Mills equation, but he has worked widely on applications of geometry and analysis to the study of spacetime structure.

neg: Michael Barnsley Michael Fielding Barnsley, born in 1946, is a British mathematician, researcher and an entrepreneur who has worked on fractal compression; he holds several patents on the technology. He received his Ph.D in Theoretical Chemistry from University of Wisconsin–Madison in 1972 and BA in Mathematics from Oxford in 1968. In 1987 he founded Iterated Systems Incorporated, and in 1988 he published a book entitled "Fractals Everywhere" and in 2006 "SuperFractals".

neg: Brian Bowditch Brian Hayward Bowditch (born 1961) is a British mathematician known for his contributions to geometry and topology, particularly in the areas of geometric group theory and low-dimensional topology. He is also known for solving the angel problem. Bowditch holds a chaired Professor appointment in Mathematics at the University of Warwick.

neg: Louis Napoleon George Filon Louis Napoleon George Filon, FRS (22 November 1875 – 29 December 1937) was a French-born English applied mathematician, famous for his research on classical mechanics and particularly the theory of elasticity and the mechanics of continuous media. He also developed a method for the numerical quadrature of oscillatory integrals, now known as "Filon quadrature". He was Vice Chancellor of the University of London from 1933–35.

neg: John Clayton Taylor John Clayton Taylor {'1': ", '2': ", '3': ", '4': "} (born 4 August 1930) is a British mathematical physicist. He is an Emeritus Professor of Mathematical Physics at the Department of Applied Mathematics and Theoretical Physics of the University of Cambridge and an Emeritus Fellow of Robinson College.

neg: Trevor Wooley Trevor Dion Wooley FRS (born 17 September 1964) FRS is a British mathematician and currently Professor of Mathematics at the University of Bristol. His fields of interest include analytic number theory, Diophantine equations and Diophantine problems, harmonic analysis,

neg: John D. Barrow John David Barrow FRS (born 29 November 1952) is an English cosmologist, theoretical physicist, and mathematician. He is currently Research Professor of Mathematical Sciences at the University of Cambridge. Barrow is also a writer of popular science and an amateur playwright.

neg: Bob Hale (philosopher) Bob Hale, FRSE (born 1945), is a British philosopher, well known for his contributions to the development of the neo-Fregean (neo-logicist) philosophy of mathematics in collaboration with Crispin Wright, and for his works in modality and philosophy of language.

neg: George F. R. Ellis George Francis Rayner Ellis, FRS, Hon. FRSSAf, (born 11 August 1939), is the Emeritus Distinguished Professor of Complex Systems in the Department of Mathematics and Applied Mathematics at the University of Cape Town in South Africa. He co-authored "The Large Scale Structure of Space-Time" with University of Cambridge physicist Stephen Hawking, published in 1973, and is considered one of the world's leading theorists in cosmology. He is an active Quaker and in 2004 he won the Templeton Prize. From 1989 to 1992 he served as President of the International Society on General Relativity and Gravitation. He is a past President of the International Society for Science and Religion. He is an A-rated researcher with the NRF.

neg: Robert Lee Moore Robert Lee Moore (November 14, 1882 – October 4, 1974) was an American mathematician who taught for many years at the University of Texas. He is known for his work in general topology and for the Moore method of teaching university mathematics.

neg: Micaiah John Muller Hill Micaiah John Muller Hill FRS (1856 – 1929) was an English mathematician, known for Hill's spherical vortex and Hill's tetrahedra.

neg: Robert Tavernor Robert Tavernor (born 1954) is an English Emeritus Professor of Architecture and Urban Design at the London School of Economics and Political Science (LSE), and founding director of the Tavernor Consultancy in London. He is an architecture historian and urbanist, who has published widely on architecture and urban design, including the impact of tall buildings on historic cities. He has a long academic career, having been appointed to the Forbes Chair in Architecture at the University of Edinburgh at age 36.

neg: Victor Batyrev Victor Vadimovich Batyrev (Виктор Вадимович Батырев, born 21 August 1961, Moscow) is a Russian mathematician, specializing in algebraic and arithmetic geometry and its applications to mathematical physics. He is a professor at the University of Tübingen.

neg: Mitsuhiro Shishikura Mitsuhiro Shishikura (宍倉 光広 , Shishikura Mitsuhiro , born November 27, 1960) is a Japanese mathematician working in the field of complex dynamics. He is professor at Kyoto University in Japan.


query: Which 2 records companies released the U2 album that includes the song "Miracle Drug"?

pos: Miracle Drug "Miracle Drug" is a song by Irish rock band U2 and is the second track on their 2004 album, "How to Dismantle an Atomic Bomb". It was written about the late Irish writer Christopher Nolan, with whom the band attended Mount Temple Comprehensive School. Bono said of Nolan:

pos: How to Dismantle an Atomic Bomb How to Dismantle an Atomic Bomb is the eleventh studio album by Irish rock band U2. It was released on 22 November 2004 on Island Records and Interscope Records. Much like their previous album, "All That You Can't Leave Behind", "How to Dismantle an Atomic Bomb" exhibits a more mainstream rock sound after the band experimented with alternative rock and dance music in the 1990s. The album was produced by Steve Lillywhite, with additional production from Chris Thomas, Jacknife Lee, Nellee Hooper, Flood, Daniel Lanois, Brian Eno, and Carl Glanville.

neg: The Chocolate Invasion The Chocolate Invasion is the twenty-ninth studio album by American recording artist Prince. It was released on March 29, 2004 by NPG Records. The album was released as a download-only album through his website, NPG Music Club. All the tracks, except "The Dance", were previously available on the same website in 2001, although some may have rearrangements in music and/or lyrics. "U Make My Sun Shine", a duet with Angie Stone, was released as a single in 2001. Three more tracks had a limited release as CD singles during Prince's 2001 Hit'N'Run Tour: "Supercute", "Underneath the Cream", and "Gamillah". The album's title comes from a line in "Judas Smile". "The Dance" was later re-recorded and included on the 2006 album, "3121". All the tracks, except "Judas Smile" and "The Dance", were at one point included on the aborted album project "High".

neg: You're the Best Thing About Me "You're the Best Thing About Me" is a song by Irish rock band U2. It is the first single from their upcoming fourteenth studio album, "Songs of Experience".

neg: Miracle (Whitney Houston song) "Miracle" is the third single from Whitney Houston's third studio album, "I'm Your Baby Tonight". It was written and produced by L.A. Reid and Babyface. The single reached number nine on the US "Billboard" Hot 100 (becoming her 13th top ten hit), second on the R&B Chart, and fourth on the Adult Contemporary Chart.

neg: U2-3 Tour The U2-3 Tour was a concert tour by Irish rock band U2 that took place in 1979 and 1980 to support the band's first EP, "Three", which was released in September 1979.

neg: No Line on the Horizon No Line on the Horizon is the twelfth studio album by Irish rock band U2. It was produced by Brian Eno, Daniel Lanois, and Steve Lillywhite, and was released on 27 February 2009. It was the band's first record since "How to Dismantle an Atomic Bomb" (2004), marking the longest gap between studio albums of their career to that point. The band originally intended to release the songs as two EPs, but later combined the material into a single record. Photographer Anton Corbijn shot a companion film, "Linear", which was released alongside the album and included with several special editions.

neg: Mother Records Mother Records was a record label founded by the band U2 in 1983 and distributed by parent Island Records. As a supportive promotional platform, the label released several one-off single releases for The Hothouse Flowers, In Tua Nua and Cactus World News among others.

neg: Metal Health Metal Health is the third studio album by American heavy metal band Quiet Riot. It was released on March 11, 1983, bolstered by the No. 5 hit "Cum On Feel the Noize" and the No. 31 hit "Metal Health". "Metal Health" is notable for being the first heavy metal album to reach the top spot on the "Billboard" 200, replacing the Police's "Synchronicity" at number one in November 1983. The album went on to sell more than six million copies and is considered a classic among heavy metal fans. Some critics, such as AllMusic, describe it as a one-hit wonder, owing to Quiet Riot's relative lack of critical and commercial success with following albums (and subsequent disintegration) towards the end of the 1980s. The title track was ranked No. 35 on VH1's 40 Greatest Metal Songs.

neg: From the Sky Down From the Sky Down is a 2011 American documentary film directed by Davis Guggenheim about rock band U2 and the production of their 1991 album "Achtung Baby". The film documents the album's difficult recording period, the band members' relationships, and the group's creative process. Guggenheim, who was commissioned by U2 to create the film to commemorate the record's 20th anniversary, spent several months in 2011 developing the documentary. The band were filmed during a return visit to Hansa Studios in Berlin where parts of the album were recorded, and during rehearsals in Winnipeg for the Glastonbury Festival 2011. The film contains unreleased scenes from the group's 1988 motion picture "Rattle and Hum", along with archival footage and stills from the "Achtung Baby" recording sessions. Development of the album's emblematic song "One" is recounted through the replaying of old recording tapes.

neg: Lost & Found (Marilyn Manson album) Lost & Found is the second Marilyn Manson compilation album. It was released in Europe on May 5, 2008 by Polydor Records. It contains four songs from Marilyn Manson's first four studio albums and one from their only live album, "The Last Tour on Earth". There are no previously unreleased songs, B-sides or rarities on the album, all tracks can be found on the band's various studio albums preceding it. As of mid-2008, "Lost & Found" is only available via digital download, an average rate of $2 per track. The only two songs that don't appear on most editions of are I Don't Like the Drugs (But the Drugs Like Me) and Irresponsible Hate Anthem.

neg: Niecy Niecy is a 1982 album by American singer Deniece Williams which was released on the Columbia Records label. The album went to numbers 20 and 5 on the U.S. "Billboard" Top 200 Albums and "Billboard" R&B Albums charts. Featured on the album was a cover of The Royalettes' "It's Gonna Take a Miracle", which was released as a single and peaked at number 1, 6 and 10 on the U.S. "Billboard" R&B, Adult Contemporary Singles and Hot 100 charts respectively.

neg: Miracles (Change album) Miracles is the second studio album by the Italian/U.S. ensemble Change. It was released in 1981 and reached number forty-six on the US "Billboard" Album Chart and nine on the US "Billboard" Black Albums chart. "Miracles" includes the singles "Paradise", "Your Move", "Heaven of My Life", "Stop for Love" (in the UK only) and "Miracles".

neg: Lost in the Dream Lost in the Dream is the third studio album by American indie rock band The War on Drugs, released on March 18, 2014 through Secretly Canadian. The album debuted at number 26 on the "Billboard" 200 and received universal acclaim from critics upon its release, appearing on and topping numerous end-of-year best album lists. The album produced five singles: "Red Eyes", "Under the Pressure", "Burning", "Eyes to the Wind", and "An Ocean in Between the Waves", all of which were released as radio promotional singles only.

neg: Miracle (Cascada song) "Miracle" is a song performed by German eurodance recording trio Cascada. It was written by Yann Peifer and Manuel Reuter, who also produced the song under their production names Yanou and DJ Manian, for the band's first studio album "Everytime We Touch" (2006). It was released as the album's first single on November 23, 2004 through Zooland Records. It was later released internationally in association with other dance music labels including Robbins Entertainment and All Around The World and Universal Music Group. Musically, the song runs through an eurodance beat with Europop lyrics.

neg: In Some Small Way "In Some Small Way" is the fourth and last promotional single from Celine Dion's album "Miracle". It was released on 7 March 2005 in the United States and Canada.

neg: October Tour The October Tour was a concert tour by Irish rock band U2 that took place in 1981 and 1982 to support the band's second studio album, "October", which was released in October 1981.

neg: October (U2 album) October is the second studio album by Irish rock band U2. It was produced by Steve Lillywhite, and released on 12 October 1981 on Island Records. Inspired by Bono's, the Edge's, and Larry Mullen Jr.'s memberships in a Christian group called the "Shalom Fellowship", the record features spiritual and religious themes. Their involvement with Shalom Fellowship led them to question the relationship between the Christian faith and the "rock and roll" lifestyle, and threatened to break up the group.

neg: Hard Candy (Madonna album) Hard Candy is the eleventh studio album by American singer and songwriter Madonna. It was released on April 19, 2008, by Warner Bros. Records. The album was her final studio album with the record company, marking the end of a 25-year recording history. Madonna started working on the album in early 2007, and collaborated with Justin Timberlake, Timbaland, The Neptunes and Nate "Danja" Hills. The album has an overall R&B vibe, while remaining a dance-pop record at its core. The Pet Shop Boys were also asked to collaborate with Madonna on the album by Warner Bros., but the record company later changed their mind and withdrew their invitation.

neg: Miracle (rapper) Samson Andah, better known by his stage name Miracle, is a Ghanaian Australian hip hop artist, based in Sydney, Australia. After being signed to Sony in 2010, Miracle has toured the country heavily, predominately as a supporting artist for US based rappers and has also appeared independently on several festival rosters. After a string of mix tapes and stand alone singles, Miracle is due to issue his first major album release in the late 2014. The album known as "Mainland", will feature production from acclaimed Australian hip hop producer Styalz Fuego. and features American indie pop band Youngblood Hawke, on the single 'Endless Summer'. A national tour in July/August will also support the upcoming single.

neg: Slave to the Grind Slave to the Grind is the second studio album by American heavy metal band Skid Row, released on June 11, 1991 by Atlantic Records. The album displayed harsher sound than its predecessor and lyrics that avoided hard rock cliches. "Slave to the Grind" is the first heavy metal album to chart at number one on the "Billboard" 200 in the Nielsen SoundScan era, selling 134,000 copies in its opening week. The album was certified 2× platinum by the Recording Industry Association of America (RIAA) in 1998 for shipping two million copies in the United States. It produced five singles: "Monkey Business", "Slave to the Grind", "Wasted Time", "In a Darkened Room" and "Quicksand Jesus", all of which did not receive significant airplay as the singles from the previous record. Skid Row promoted the album opening for Guns N' Roses in 1991 and as a headliner the following year.

neg: Electrical Storm (song) "Electrical Storm" is a song by Irish rock band U2. It was released as a single from their second compilation album, "The Best of 1990–2000", and was one of the two new songs recorded for that album (the other one being "The Hands That Built America"). The music video for the song prominently features drummer Larry Mullen Jr., as well as actress Samantha Morton. The song was written by Bono and is about two lovers who are fighting and the tension between them; it relates this to a looming electrical storm. U2 did not play the song live until 2 July 2009, when they performed it on the second concert of their U2 360° Tour in Barcelona.


query: What weapon, designed by Aimo Lahti, was a descendant of the M-22 prototype and the KP/-26 production model?

pos: Aimo Lahti Aimo Johannes Lahti (April 28, 1896 – April 19, 1970) was a self-taught Finnish weapons designer. Of the 50 weapons he designed, the best known is the Suomi M-31 SMG. Other well-known weapon designs of his include the Lahti-Saloranta M/26 LMG, Lahti L-35 pistol, and Lahti L-39 anti-tank rifle. Lahti also designed the 7,62 ITKK 31 VKT anti-aircraft machine gun and the 20 ITK 40 VKT anti-aircraft cannon.

pos: Suomi KP/-31 The Suomi KP/-31 (Suomi-konepistooli or "Submachine-gun Finland", literally: "Machine-pistol Finland") was a submachine gun (SMG) of Finnish design used during World War II. It was a descendant of the M-22 prototype and the KP/-26 production model, which was revealed to the public in 1925. The "Suomi-konepistooli KP/-31" is often abbreviated to "Suomi KP".

neg: RPD machine gun The RPD (Russian: ручной пулемёт Дегтярёва "Ruchnoy Pulemyot Degtyaryova", English: Degtyaryov hand-held machine gun) is a 7.62mm light machine gun developed in the Soviet Union by Vasily Degtyaryov for the intermediate 7.62×39mm M43 cartridge. It was created as a replacement for the DP machine gun chambered for the 7.62×54mmR round. It is a precursor of most squad automatic weapons. It was succeeded in Soviet service by the RPK.

neg: Artemis 30 The Artemis 30 is an anti-aircraft gun system originally developed in 1982 and produced by the Hellenic Arms designed by Anastasios Georgiou (EBO) and Athanassios Calligeris Designer lots parts of twin barrels for use by the Greek armed forces (Hellenic Army) in the Aegean sea. The system is named after the ancient Greek goddess of the hunt, Artemis.

neg: Vz. 98/22 The Vz. 98/22 is a Czechoslovakian-designed, full-sized, bolt-action rifle, designed and produced in Czechoslovakia. It replaced the Gewehr 98 rifles purchased from Germany after the Treaty of Versailles. The rifles were quickly replaced by the shorter Vz. 24, and were sold to various other nations, most notably Iran and Turkey, where they remained in service to World War II era and beyond.

neg: 122 mm gun M1931 (A-19) 122 mm corps gun M1931 (A-19) (Russian: 122-мм корпусная пушка обр. 1931 г. (А-19) ) was a Soviet field gun, developed in the late 1920s and early 1930s. In 1939 the gun was replaced in production by an improved variant, M1931/37. The piece saw action in World War II with the Red Army. Captured guns were employed by Wehrmacht and the Finnish Army.

neg: Solothurn ST-5 The Solothurn ST-5 is a 20 mm anti-aircraft gun designed by Solothurn in Switzerland which ultimately was the design basis for the highly successful 2 cm FlaK 30 series of guns used by Germany in World War II.

neg: Vz. 52 machine gun The vz. 52 ("7,62 mm lehký kulomet vzor 52") is a Czechoslovak light machine gun developed after the Second World War for the Czechoslovak Armed Forces.

neg: Mikhail Kalashnikov Lieutenant-General Mikhail Timofeyevich Kalashnikov (Russian: Михаи́л Тимофе́евич Кала́шников ; ] ; 10 November 1919 – 23 December 2013) was a Russian general, inventor, military engineer, writer and small arms designer. He is most famous for developing the AK-47 assault rifle and its improvements, the AKM and AK-74, as well as the PK machine gun and RPK light machine gun.

neg: IVL A.22 Hansa IVL A.22 Hansa was a Finnish license copy of the German two-seat, low winged single-engined seaplane Hansa-Brandenburg W.33, which had been designed by Hansa und Brandenburgische Flugzeugwerke in the 1920s.

neg: Raufoss Mk 211 The Raufoss Mk 211 is a .50 caliber (12.7×99mm NATO) multipurpose anti-matériel High-explosive incendiary/armor-piercing ammunition projectile produced by Nammo (Nordic Ammunition Group, a Norwegian/Finnish military industry manufacturer of ammunition), under the model name "NM140 MP". It is commonly referred to as simply "multipurpose" or "Raufoss", which refers to Nammo's original parent company: Raufoss Ammunisjonsfabrikker (Ammunition Factory) in Raufoss, Norway, established in 1896. The "Mk 211" name comes from the nomenclature "Mk 211 Mod 0" used by the U.S. military for this round.

neg: Lahti L-35 The Lahti L-35 is a semi-automatic pistol designed by Aimo Lahti that was produced between 1935 and 1952. Designed to be manufactured autonomously in Finland, the pistol was used by Finland throughout the Winter War and Continuation War. Considered to be of high quality, the Lahti was well manufactured and worked reliably in cold conditions or when fouled. The use of a bolt accelerator, an uncommon feature in a pistol, helped make the Lahti a reliable pistol.

neg: 6.5×55mm The 6.5×55mm (designated as the 6.5×55 Swedish by the SAAMI and 6,5 × 55 SE by the C.I.P.) is a first-generation smokeless powder rimless bottlenecked rifle cartridge. Other, less common names are 6.5×55mm Swedish Mauser, 6.5×55mm Mauser and 6.5×55mm Krag. It was developed in 1891 for use in the new service rifles then under consideration by the United Kingdoms of Sweden and Norway. The two nations had independent armies and consequently the normal procedure at the time was for their respective governments to use the same ammunition and then purchase small arms of their choice. Norway adopted the Krag–Jørgensen rifle, while Sweden adopted a Mauser rifle design.

neg: AK-105 The AK-105 is a shortened carbine version of the AK-74M rifle, which in turn was derived from the original AK-47 design and its AK-74 successor. The AK-102, AK-104, and AK-105 are very similar in design, the only difference being the caliber and corresponding magazine type. The AK-105 is chambered to fire 5.45×39mm ammunition. The AK-105 is supplementing AKS-74U carbines in Russian Army service since 2001.

neg: SU-122-44 The SU-122-44 was a Soviet self-propelled gun (SPG) prototype. The classification "44" stands for the T-44 tank chassis, which this SPG utilized. It was designed in early 1944 with a 122 mm D-25-44S gun, with its fighting compartment situated at the front of the hull. The front had a sloped 90 mm armor plate, with an inclination of 27 degrees. The side armor plating was 75 mm thick, and the rear was 45 mm thick. The design was found to be too heavy and too large for its intended use. Its competitor, the SU-100-M-2, proved a superior design, and on 7 March 1945 all work on the SU-122-44 was terminated.

neg: Gepárd anti-materiel rifle The Gepárd anti-materiel rifles are a family of Hungarian weapons designed to destroy unarmored and lightly armored targets. These long range, large caliber rifles have high accuracy as well as high muzzle velocity. In 1987 the Hungarian army sought to obtain a compact, mobile weapon that could damage lightly armored targets. The project, led by Ferenc Földi (Institute of Military Technology of the Hungarian People's Army), culminated in the creation of the Gepárds.

neg: Ckm wz. 25 Hotchkiss The Ciężki karabin maszynowy wz. 25 Hotchkiss (Polish for "Heavy machine gun, Mark 1925, Hotchkiss") was a Polish derivative of the Hotchkiss M1914 machine gun, rechambered for 7.92×57mm Mauser ammunition.

neg: Vz. 24 The vz. 24 rifle is a bolt-action carbine designed and produced in Czechoslovakia from 1924 to 1942. It was developed from the Mauser Gewehr 98 line, and features a very similar bolt design. The rifle was designed in Czechoslovakia shortly after World War I, to replace the Vz. 98/22, featuring a 600 mm (23.6") barrel which was shorter and considered more handy than the 150 mm (5.9") -longer Gewehr 98. The carbine followed a similar trend in weapon design at the time, that a short rifle gave away little in ballistic efficiency at combat ranges, but was easier to handle on account of its shorter length.

neg: Neopup PAW-20 The Neopup PAW-20 ("Personal Assault Weapon, 20 mm") is a grenade launcher designed by Tony Neophytou and as of 2015, is both produced and marketed by Denel.

neg: Mauser BK-27 The BK 27 (also BK27 or BK-27) (German acronym for "Bordkanone", "on-board cannon") is a 27 mm caliber revolver cannon manufactured by Mauser (now part of Rheinmetall) of Germany. It was developed in the late 1960s for the MRCA (Multi Role Combat Aircraft) program that ultimately became the Panavia Tornado.

neg: Yakovlev Yak-4 The Yakovlev Yak-4 (Service names Yak-4, BB-22bis ("Blizhnij Bombardirivschik", "short-range bomber")) was a Soviet light bomber used during World War II. It was developed from the Ya-22/Yak-2.

neg: Milkor MGL The Milkor MGL (Multiple Grenade Launcher) is a lightweight 40 mm six-shot revolver-type grenade launcher (variations also fire 37/38mm) developed and manufactured in South Africa by Milkor (Pty) Ltd. The MGL was demonstrated as a concept to the South African Defence Force (SADF) in 1981. The operating principle was immediately accepted and subjected to a stringent qualification program. The MGL was then officially accepted into service with the SADF as the Y2. After its introduction in 1983, the MGL was gradually adopted by the armed forces and law enforcement organizations of over 50 countries. Total production since 1983 has been more than 50,000 units.


query: Which game allows the most players to participate, Mad Gab or Blokus?

pos: Mad Gab Mad Gab is a game created by Terry White in which there are at least two teams and 2-12 players. Each team has two minutes to sound out three puzzles. The puzzles, also known as mondegreens, contain small words that, when put together, make a word or phrase. For example, "These If Hill Wore" when pronounced quickly sounds like "The Civil War." Another example would be "Eye Mull of Mush Sheen" quickly spoken it sounds like "I'm A Love Machine." There are two levels of difficulties: easy and hard. The faster the puzzles are answered, the more points the players score.

pos: Blokus Blokus ( ) is an abstract strategy board game for two to four players, invented by Bernard Tavitian and first released in 2000 by Sekkoïa, a French company. It has won several awards, including the Mensa Select award and the 2004 Teacher's Choice Award. In 2009, the game was sold to Mattel.

neg: Bartok (card game) The game of Bartok, also known by a number of other names, such as Wartoke, Warthog, Bartog, Bentok, Last One Standing or Bong 98, is a card game where the winner of each round invents a new rule which must be obeyed for the remainder of the game. It belongs to the "shedding" or Crazy Eights family of card games, whereby each player tries to rid himself of all of his cards. The game progresses through a series of rounds with a new rule being added in each round, thus making the game increasingly complex as it progresses. These newly introduced rules may modify any existing rules.

neg: Black Lady Black Lady is an extremely combative variant of the card game Whist that is popular in the United Kingdom and is similar to the North American game Hearts. It is commonly played among large groups of players, typically 8 to 10, using two decks of cards, or it can be played by as few as three players using a single deck.

neg: British Go Association The British Go Association (BGA) promotes and supports the playing of Go, the ancient Chinese strategy game, in the United Kingdom. The BGA was founded in 1953 and has a membership of about 450. It oversees tournaments, publishes the "British Go Journal", and maintains a list of clubs.

neg: Bomberman Tournament Bomberman Tournament (known as Bomberman Story in Japan) was a game in the long-standing Bomberman series for the GBA. The game contains a fully realized multiplayer battle mode between linked Game Boy Advances. The player and up to three friends can compete in any of the game's eight multiplayer battle arenas, each of which has its own unique gameplay twist.

neg: Wizard Staff Wizard Staff (also known as Wisest Wizard or Wizard Sticks or Wizard) is a drinking game in which players play individually in an attempt to consume more beer than their opponents. As a player drinks, their current can of beer is taped to the top of their previous cans before being opened. It is then opened and consumed from the top of the staff, making the task more difficult as more beers are consumed, not only because of increased inebriation, but also because it simply becomes more physically challenging as the staff becomes taller. Once a staff is taller than its owner, that person has reached wizard status. At the end of the night, whoever is left with the longest staff (in other words, consumed the most beer) is declared the "Wisest Wizard".

neg: Mafia (party game) Mafia, also known as Werewolf, is a party game created by Dmitry Davidoff in 1986 modelling a conflict between an informed minority, the mafia, and an uninformed majority, the innocents. At the start of the game, each player is secretly assigned a role affiliated with one of these teams. The game has two alternating phases: "night", during which the mafia may covertly "murder" an innocent, and "day", in which surviving players debate the identities of the mafia and vote to eliminate a suspect. Play continues until all of the mafia have been eliminated or until the mafia outnumbers the innocents.

neg: Bananagrams (online game) Bananagrams is an online social game developed by Large Animal Games in partnership with Majesco Entertainment. It launched on Facebook on November 17, 2008. Success of the Bananagrams tile game developed by the Nathanson family prompted Bananagrams International to extend the brand online. Bananagrams was later released on Bebo and MySpace.

neg: Hattrick Hattrick is a browser-based massively multiplayer online football management game developed in Sweden and started in 1997. Currently the game contains 128 different countries, each with its own league pyramid, and 53 different language versions. As of October 2016, the community of the game has about 300,000 users world wide, each with their own team. The number peaked in February 2009 with almost one million users. "Hattrick" has arranged 63 seasons as far as November 2016 (each of which lasts about four months).

neg: Fawful Fawful, known in Japan as Gerakobits (ゲラコビッツ , Gerakobittsu ) , is a fictional character appearing in the "Mario & Luigi" series of role-playing video games developed by AlphaDream. The character is considered to be "insane," and often serves as either the main antagonist or the sidekick to the main antagonist in the games.

neg: Global Warfare Global Warfare (GW) is a multiplayer modification for "Half-Life". The project was the brain child of Aggro_Boy, Sasquatch and alX, who formed the original GW team.

neg: List of best-selling Game Boy Advance video games The best-selling video games of all-time on the Game Boy Advance (GBA) are "Pokémon Ruby" and "Sapphire". First released in Japan on November 21, 2002, the games went on to sell over 16 million units worldwide. "Pokémon FireRed" and "LeafGreen", enhanced remakes of the original "Pokémon Red", "Green" and "Blue" games, are the second best-selling titles on the platform with sales in excess of 12 million copies. "Pokémon Emerald", the enhanced version of "Ruby" and "Sapphire", is third with sales of more than 7 million units. The top five is rounded out by "" and "", each of which sold over 5.5 million units.

neg: Mob Wars Mob Wars is a multiplayer role-playing game hosted on the social networking site Facebook. It allows players to engage in Mafia-style wars with one another and has become one of the most lucrative Facebook applications and the first to net USD 1M per month in revenue. However, this number has never been confirmed by the developer or any third parties.

neg: DarkOrbit DarkOrbit is a massively multiplayer online game developed by Bigpoint Games. The game is set in outer space, where players control a spaceship to battle against non-player characters and other players. It is a three-dimensional isometric Flash game with over 95 million registered accounts.

neg: Quidditch In the world of the "Harry Potter" novels and movies, Quidditch is a magical competitive sport involving flying contestants. Matches are played between two teams of seven players riding flying broomsticks, using four balls: a Quaffle, two Bludgers, and a Golden Snitch. Six ring-shaped goals are situated atop poles of different heights, three on each side of the pitch. It is an extremely rough but very popular semi-contact sport, played by wizards and witches. In the wizarding world, Quidditch has a fervent fan following.

neg: Rage of Bahamut Rage of Bahamut (神撃のバハムート , Shingeki no Bahamūto ) is a card battle game (CBG) developed by Cygames and published by DeNA. The user base of "Rage of Bahamut", Cygames' English-language social card game provided on Mobage's worldwide network, exceeded three million outside Japan on August 7, 2012.

neg: MAD (MUD) MAD ("Multi Access Dungeon") was a global MUD, similar to MUD1, which ran on "FREMP11", the BITNET node operated by the École Nationale Supérieure des Mines de Paris. The MUD was developed by Bruno Chabrier and Vincent Lextrait, two students at the school, and began operating in 1984.

neg: Super Scrabble Super Scrabble is a board game introduced in 2004 and a variant of "Scrabble". In North America "Super Scrabble" is made and marketed by Winning Moves Games, but licensed by Hasbro. In the rest of the world it is manufactured by Tinderbox Games under license from Mattel. "Super Scrabble" is available in English and German. In February 2007, a "Deluxe Super Scrabble" was released with a rotating gameboard and interlocking tiles, just like "Deluxe Scrabble".

neg: Grinding (gaming) Grinding is a term used in video gaming to describe the process of engaging in repetitive tasks. The most common usage is in the context of MMORPGs like "Realm of the Mad God", "World of Warcraft", or "Lineage" in which it is often necessary for a character to repeatedly kill AI-controlled monsters, using basically the same strategy over and over again to advance their character level to be able to access newer content. MUDs, generally sharing much of the same gameplay as MMORPGs, often feature grinding as well. Grinding may be required by some games to unlock additional features such as level progression or additional items.

neg: AVATAR (MUD) A.V.A.T.A.R. MUD is a free, online, massively multiplayer, fantasy, text-based role-playing game (or MUD), set in a real-time virtual environment. It combines elements of role-playing games, hack and slash style computer games, adventure games and social gaming.

neg: Morabaraba Morabaraba is a traditional two-player strategy board game played in South Africa, Botswana and Lesotho. The game is also known as Mlabalaba, Mmela (in Setswana), Muravava, Umlabalaba. The game is similar to Twelve Men's Morris, a variation on the Roman board game Nine Men's Morris.


query: Out of the two musicians, Adam Shore (Warrant) and Gary Lightbody (Snow Patrol), who was the multi-instrumentalist, in addition to their vocal talents?

pos: Adam Shore Adam Shore is an American musician and the original vocalist for glam metal band Warrant. He sang on early Warrant demos such as "You've Got A Broken Heart" and "Tease Machine". He also co-wrote the Warrant song "Thin Disguise" (which was originally a B-side) with his replacement Jani Lane, with Lane ending up on the final recording.

pos: Gary Lightbody Gary Lightbody (born 15 June 1976) is a Northern Irish singer, songwriter, guitarist and multi-instrumentalist, best known as the lead singer and rhythm guitarist of the Northern Irish-Scottish rock band Snow Patrol.

neg: Adam Levine Adam Noah Levine (born March 18, 1979) is an American singer, songwriter, multi-instrumentalist, actor, and record producer. He is the lead singer for the pop rock band Maroon 5.

neg: Ingus Baušķenieks Ingus Baušķenieks (born December 30, 1956 ) is a Latvian musician known as a member of Dzeltenie Pastnieki and as a solo artist. He is a multi-instrumentalist, with the bass guitar being his primary instrument in band engagements. He is also known for his proficiency in home recording and tape editing.

neg: Laurence Hobgood Laurence Hobgood (born 1959) is a contemporary jazz piano virtuoso, composer, arranger, producer, lyricist and educator. Perhaps best known for his twenty-year collaboration with vocalist Kurt Elling, Hobgood has had a varied and dynamic career. In addition to his prowess at the piano he's identified by many as a key player in the imaginative updating of the "American Songbook", particularly in his arranging for vocalists; his stylized re-imagining of both classic songbook repertoire and more recent artists' work (Carole King; Earth, Wind & Fire; Paul Simon; Burt Bacharach; Sting; U2, etc.) has had a far-ranging influence within the jazz world and beyond.

neg: Spencer Krug Spencer Krug ( ) (born May 4, 1977) is a Canadian musician. He is the singer, songwriter and keyboardist for the indie rock band Moonface. He has also performed with other Canadian bands including Wolf Parade, Sunset Rubdown, Swan Lake, Frog Eyes, Fifths of Seven, and ska band the Two Tonne Bowlers, playing various instruments. His involvement in many musical acts has garnered him a noticeably high output of work, being credited on several releases a year. He is known for his distinctive voice and songwriting abilities.

neg: Steve Marriner Steve Marriner, also known as Steve Gregg, (born 1984 in Ottawa, Ontario) is a Canadian multi-instrumentalist, singer, songwriter and record producer based in Ottawa, Ontario. He first garnered attention in the Ottawa blues scene in his early teens as a prodigy blues harp (harmonica) player. He also plays baritone guitar, electric guitar, piano, Hammond organ, upright bass and electric bass). As of 2016, he is the frontman, singer, one of two guitarists and harmonica player for the Canadian rock'n'roll-blues group MonkeyJunk. The band's album "To Behold" won the 2011 Juno Award for Blues Album of the Year. Prior to forming MonkeyJunk, Marriner was a member of two Ottawa bands, the Johnny Russell Band and the JW-Jones Blues Band. He appeared several times on the mainstage of the Ottawa Bluesfest as a member of the JW-Jones Blues Band.

neg: Matt Cameron Matthew David Cameron (born November 28, 1962) is an American musician who serves as the drummer for the American rock bands Pearl Jam and Soundgarden. After getting his start with the Seattle, Washington-based bands Bam Bam and Skin Yard, he first gained fame as the drummer for Soundgarden, which he joined in 1986 and remained in until the band's break-up in 1997. In 1998, Cameron was invited to play on Pearl Jam's U.S. Yield Tour. He soon became a permanent member and has remained in the band ever since. In 2010, Soundgarden reunited for a tour and released a new album, "King Animal," on November 13, 2012.

neg: If There's a Rocket Tie Me to It "If There's a Rocket Tie Me to It" is a song from alternative rock band Snow Patrol's fifth album "A Hundred Million Suns". It was released as the follow-up single to "Crack the Shutters" on 8 and 9 March 2009. It was the third single taken from the album. The music was composed in collaboration between the band members of Snow Patrol, and frontman Gary Lightbody serving as lyricist. The song is a departure from Lightbody's frequent attempts at diagnosing his less positive personal issues, which often focus on his romantic breakups, and instead celebrates a newfound love outside human relationships.

neg: Bruce Peninsula (band) Bruce Peninsula is a Canadian indie rock band, whose style has been described as "a near indescribable and rousing potpourri of prog, gospel, folk, rock, pop and country." The band consists of core members Matt Cully on vocals and guitar, Misha Bower on vocals, Neil Haverty on vocals, guitar and metallophone, Andrew Barker on bass guitar and lap steel and Steve McKay on drums. Bruce Peninsula also regularly features a large choir section, currently made up of Tamara Lindeman (The Weather Station), Ivy Mairi, Daniella Gesundheit (Snowblink) and Kari Peddle. The choir has previously included Katie Stelmanis (Austra), Casey Mecija (Ohbijou), Isla Craig, Amy Learmonth (the Youngest), Taylor Kirk (Timber Timbre) and Christienne Chesney.

neg: Yazoo Basin Boogie Yazoo Basin Boogie is an album by American guitarist Stefan Grossman, released in 1970. It was reissued on LP in 1974 by Grossman's own label Kicking Mule Records and on CD in 1999 and 2005 by Shanachie Records. It has had various track listings with each reissue. A 1991 reissue with the same title was a compilation including tracks from "Yazoo Basin Boogie" and Grossman's 1972 release "Memphis Jellyroll". The original release was issued with guitar tablature. The track "Adam's Voice" is a child speaking.

neg: Adam Solomon Adam "The Professor" Solomon (born 1 January 1963 in Mombasa, Kenya) is a Juno Award-winning composer, guitar maestro, and singer. Solomon began performing at an early age, playing the kivoti (flute) and the kayamba (shaker) at village celebrations and festivals. He established his career playing lead guitar and singing on recordings and videos with some of Kenya's most popular bands and musicians, including Joseph Kamaru, Bana Citoyen, Super Kalles, Super Mazembe, Les Wanyika, Popo Lipo of Lessa Lessan, Professor Mb. Naaman with the Nine Stars Band, Kanda Bongo Man, Fadhili Williams, Juma Toto, and the Mombasa Roots Band. Adam's touring credits include workshops and performances with Congolese superstar Papa Wemba and Ismael Lo from Senegal.

neg: Aaron Sperske Aaron Sperske is an American drummer, who has played in several bands, including Beachwood Sparks, Father John Misty, Lilys, The Miracle Workers, Ariel Pink's Haunted Graffiti, The Chapin Sisters, and The Pernice Brothers. He also played drums on the Elliott Smith song "Coast to Coast" which was featured on the "From a Basement on the Hill" album. Most recently he has recorded drums for Tobias Jesso Jr. album "Goon" and started The Skiffle Players with Cass McCombs."Skifflin" a full length L.P. was released in 2016

neg: Warrant (American band) Warrant is an American glam metal band formed in 1984 in Hollywood, Los Angeles, California, that experienced success from 1989 to 1996 with five albums reaching international sales of over 10 million. The band first came into the national spotlight with their 2× platinum debut album "Dirty Rotten Filthy Stinking Rich", and one of its singles, "Heaven," reached No. 1 in "Rolling Stone" and No. 2 on the "Billboard" Hot 100. The band continued its success in the early 1990s with the 2× platinum album "Cherry Pie" which provided the hit album titled song and music video.

neg: Jani Lane Jani Lane (February 1, 1964 – August 11, 2011) was an American recording artist and the lead vocalist, frontman, lyricist and main songwriter for the glam metal band Warrant. From Hollywood, California, the band experienced success from 1989–1996 with five albums reaching international sales of over 10 million. Lane left Warrant in 2004 and again in 2008 after a brief reunion. Lane also released a solo album "Back Down to One" in 2003 and the album "Love the Sin, Hate the Sinner" with a new group "Saints of the Underground" in 2008.

neg: Adam Davy Adam Davy (born 30 August 1977), is an actor and multi-instrumentalist.

neg: Symphonicity Tour The Symphonicity Tour was a worldwide concert tour by musician Sting in support of his album "Symphonicities", which was released in 2010. He was accompanied by the Royal Philharmonic Orchestra. The concerts themselves featured material from the album as well as several hits from his solo career and The Police.

neg: The Snowman and the Snowdog The Snowman and The Snowdog is a 2012 animated short film. It is the sequel to "The Snowman", and was created to mark the 30th anniversary of the original short film. "The Snowman and The Snowdog" is dedicated to John Coates (the film's producer, who died in September 2012) and features a new song called "Light the Night" by former Razorlight drummer Andy Burrows. "The Snowman and The Snowdog" won the Televisual Bulldog Award 2013 in the Best Children's category.

neg: Touch and Gone Touch and Gone is the fifth album by American rock musician Gary Wright. It was released in November 1977 on Warner Bros. Records as the follow-up to "The Light of Smiles". Wright changed his approach to songwriting for the album by collaborating with other writers on six of the nine songs. The album was recorded with only keyboard instruments, aside from drums and percussion.

neg: Gary Moon Gary Moon is an American rock bassist best known performing with Three Dog Night (1988–9) and Night Ranger (1991–96). HitMen AllStars (2011–15), and the SnakS (2014–2015).

neg: Jocelyne Lanois Jocelyne Chantal Lanois is a Canadian musician, bass player and songwriter from Hull, Quebec, who has been a member of the bands Martha and the Muffins and Crash Vegas. She has also had touring stints as bassplayer with Ani DiFranco and Chris Whitley, and played on Sarah McLachlan's album "Solace". She is the sister of record producer Daniel Lanois, and was partner at his experimental Lab Studio with producer, musician Malcolm Burn, collaborating on his solo release, "Redemption".

neg: Dave Pegg Dave Pegg (born 2 November 1947) is an English multi-instrumentalist and record producer, arguably most visible as a bass guitarist. He is the longest-serving member of the pre-eminent British folk rock band Fairport Convention and has been bassist with a number of important folk and rock groups including The Ian Campbell Folk Group and Jethro Tull. He has appeared on some of the most significant albums of his era, as well as undertaking solo projects. His style of playing bass has been particularly influential in folk rock music.


query: What genre is the third film from the Three Flavours Cornetto trilogy?

pos: Three Flavours Cornetto trilogy The Three Flavours Cornetto trilogy (also known as the Cornetto trilogy or the Blood and Ice Cream trilogy) is a series of British comedic genre films directed by Edgar Wright, written by Wright and Simon Pegg, produced by Nira Park, and starring Pegg and Nick Frost. The trilogy consists of "Shaun of the Dead" (2004), "Hot Fuzz" (2007), and "The World's End" (2013).

pos: The World's End (film) The World's End is a 2013 British-American comic science fiction film directed by Edgar Wright, written by Wright and Simon Pegg, and starring Pegg, Nick Frost, Paddy Considine, Martin Freeman, Eddie Marsan and Rosamund Pike. The film follows a group of friends who discover an alien invasion during an epic pub crawl in their home town.

neg: Naqoyqatsi Naqoyqatsi ( ), also known as Naqoyqatsi: Life as War, is a 2002 film directed by Godfrey Reggio and edited by Jon Kane, with music composed by Philip Glass. It is the third and final film in the Qatsi trilogy.

neg: Sideways Trilogy The Sideways Trilogy is a series of three comedic wine themed novels by Rex Pickett which include "Sideways", which was the basis of a 2004 film directed by Alexander Payne, "Vertical" and "Sideways 3 Chile".

neg: Shake, Rattle & Roll III Shake, Rattle & Roll III is the third installment of the "Shake Rattle & Roll" franchise. It was distributed by Regal Films. It is directed by Peque Gallaga and Lore Reyes. This film is an entry of the 1991 Metro Manila Film Festival.

neg: Animal Trilogy The Animal Trilogy consists of three consecutively released Italian giallo films by Dario Argento: "The Bird with the Crystal Plumage" (1969), "The Cat o' Nine Tails" (1971) and "Four Flies on Grey Velvet" (1972). The giallo trilogy has had an influence on horror films and murder mysteries made outside of Italy since the late 1960s.

neg: Black Society trilogy The Kuroshakai" trilogy, also known as the Black Society" trilogy, is a series of films directed by Japanese filmmaker Takashi Miike involving Chinese "triads" and Japanese "yakuza".

neg: The Decameron (1971 film) The Decameron (Italian: "Il Decameron" ) is a 1971 film by Italian director Pier Paolo Pasolini, based on the novel "Il Decameron" by Giovanni Boccaccio. It is the first movie of Pasolini's "Trilogy of life", the others being "The Canterbury Tales" and "Arabian Nights".

neg: 3D film A three-dimensional stereoscopic film (also known as three-dimensional film, 3D film or S3D film) is a motion picture that enhances the illusion of depth perception, hence adding a third dimension. The most common approach to the production of 3D films is derived from stereoscopic photography. In it, a regular motion picture camera system is used to record the images as seen from two perspectives (or computer-generated imagery generates the two perspectives in post-production), and special projection hardware and/or eyewear are used to limit the visibility of each image in the pair to the viewer's left or right eye only. 3D films are not limited to theatrical releases; television broadcasts and direct-to-video films have also incorporated similar methods, especially since the advent of 3D television and Blu-ray 3D.

neg: Prison film A prison film is a film genre concerned with prison life and often prison escape. These films range from acclaimed dramas examining the nature of prisons, such as "Cool Hand Luke", "Midnight Express", "Brubaker", "Escape from Alcatraz", "The Shawshank Redemption", and "Kiss of the Spider Woman" to actioners like "Lock Up" and "Undisputed", and even comedies satirizing the genre like "Stir Crazy", "Life", and "Let's Go To Prison".

neg: Off Key Off Key (also known as "Desafinado") is a 2001 Spanish-British-Italian comedy film written and directed by Manuel Gómez Pereira. In it Joe Mantegna, Danny Aiello, and George Hamilton star as three celebrity tenors. Although they perform and have some good times together, they are rivals onstage and in their private lives. They also undergo intense scrutiny from the paparazzi and gossip press over their love lives and careers. The film was loosely inspired by the real life Three Tenors, Plácido Domingo, Luciano Pavarotti, and José Carreras.

neg: Cinematique 3 Cinematique 3 is the final in a series of three instrumental albums by Paul Haig, subtitled "Themes to Unknown Films". The album was released by private label Rhythm of Life in 2003.

neg: Third Act Third Act is the third full-length album by the Swedish/Danish band Evil Masquerade.

neg: 3 Américas 3 Américas is a 2007 Argentine/U.S. dramatic film written and directed by Cristina Kotz Cornejo. The film was produced by Cristina Kotz Cornejo and Angela Counts. The story takes place in Boston, Massachusetts and Buenos Aires, Argentina.

neg: 3 (1971 film) 3 is a 1971 Norwegian drama film directed by Nicole Macé, starring Per Tofte, Tone Schwarzott, Hanne Løye and Anne Marie Ottersen. It deals with a polyamorous relationship between a man and two women.

neg: Despicable Me 3 Despicable Me 3 (stylized in marketing and onscreen as Despicable M3) is a 2017 American 3D computer-animated comedy film produced by Illumination Entertainment for Universal Pictures. It is the third main installment in the "Despicable Me" film series and the sequel to "Despicable Me 2" (2013). The film is directed by Pierre Coffin and Kyle Balda, co-directed by Eric Guillon and written by Cinco Paul and Ken Daurio.

neg: On the Loose (1984 film) On the Loose is a 1984 Australian film consisting of three stories about teenagers in modern society.

neg: Goal III: Taking on the World Goal III: Taking on the World (also known as Goal III) is the third part of the association football "Goal!" film trilogy, directed by Andrew Morahan written and produced by Mike Jefferies from the first two "Goal!" films. Unlike its two predecessors, this film did not have a theatrical release and was instead released on 15 June 2009 straight to DVD and Blu-ray in the United Kingdom.

neg: Troublesome Night 3 Troublesome Night 3 is a 1998 Hong Kong horror comedy film produced by Nam Yin and directed by Herman Yau. It is the third of the 19 films in the "Troublesome Night" film series.

neg: The Monocle Laughs The Monocle Laughs or The Monocle (French:Le monocle rit jaune, Italian:L'ispettore spara a vista) is a 1964 French-Italian comedy thriller film directed by Georges Lautner and starring Paul Meurisse, Marcel Dalio and Olivier Despax. It is the third in a trilogy of films directed by Lautner and starring Meurisse. It is preceded by "The Black Monocle" (1961) and "The Eye of the Monocle" (1962).

neg: Hocus Pocus (1993 film) Hocus Pocus is a 1993 American comedy horror fantasy film directed by Kenny Ortega, starring Bette Midler, Kathy Najimy and Sarah Jessica Parker; written by Neil Cuthbert and Mick Garris, and based on a story by Garris and David Kirschner. It follows the villainous trio of witches, who are inadvertently resurrected by a male teenager as a virgin in Salem, Massachusetts.

neg: Corn (film) Corn is a 2004 drama-thriller starring Jena Malone about the dangers of genetically modified food.


query: What British historian wrote about Sonnet 154?

pos: Sonnet 154 As the last in the famed collection of sonnets written by English poet and playwright William Shakespeare from 1592 to 1598, Sonnet 154 is most often thought of in a pair with the previous sonnet, number 153. As A. L. Rowse states in "Shakespeare's Sonnets: The Problems Solved", Sonnets 153 and 154 "are not unsuitably placed as a kind of coda to the Dark Lady Sonnets, to which they relate." Rowse calls attention to the fact that Sonnets 153 and 154 "serve quite well to round off the affair Shakespeare had with Emilia, the woman characterized as the Dark Lady, and the section of the Dark Lady sonnets". Shakespeare used Greek mythology to address love and despair in relationships. The material in Sonnets 153 and 154 has been shown to relate to the six-line epigram by the Byzantine poet known as Marianus Scholasticus, who published a collection of 3,500 poems called "The Greek Anthology". When translated, the epigram resembles Sonnets 153 and 154, addressing love and the story of Cupid, the torch, and the Nymph's attempt to extinguish the torch.

pos: A. L. Rowse Alfred Leslie Rowse (4 December 1903 – 3 October 1997), known publicly as A. L. Rowse but to friends and family as "Leslie", was a British author and historian from Cornwall, England, UK.

neg: John Jenour John Jenour (146517 September 1542) was a British legal official. He was the son of William Jenour of Stonham Aspal, Suffolk and his wife Katherine Whiting, and the elder brother of Robert Jenour, who became an officer of the Court of Common Pleas along with John. In 1491 he worked as an attorney for the Common Pleas, and in 1503 he became Filazer of Devon, Dorset, and Somerset, followed by a 1510 promotion to Second Prothonotary. As Prothonotary he was in charge of pleading and entries, and his book of entries was sometimes cited in court; a copy currently belongs to the Library of Congress. Although he never rose higher than Second Prothonotary, his influence on the next generation of judges was profound; he trained Sir Robert Catlyn, Sir Robert Broke, Sir Anthony Browne and James Dyer, all of whom became Chief Justices. He died on 17 September 1542, leaving two sons; Richard, the elder, later became a Member of Parliament and clerk of the Court of General Surveyors, while Robert, the younger, also became a barrister, although not one of any major note.

neg: Marmaduke Constable (died 1545) Sir Marmaduke Constable (c.1480 – 14 September 1545), of Everingham, Yorkshire, was an English soldier and Member of Parliament. He was the great-grandfather of the poet, Henry Constable, author of "Diana", one of the first sonnet sequences in English.

neg: Sidney Low Sir Sidney James Mark Low (22 January 1857 – 14 January 1932) was a British journalist, historian, and essayist.

neg: The Countess of Pembroke's Arcadia The Countess of Pembroke's Arcadia, also known simply as the Arcadia, is a long prose work by Sir Philip Sidney written towards the end of the 16th century. Having finished one version of his text, Sidney later significantly expanded and revised his work. Scholars today often refer to these two major versions as the "Old Arcadia" and the "New Arcadia". The "Arcadia" is Sidney's most ambitious literary work by far, and as significant in its own way as his sonnets.

neg: Sonnet 74 Sonnet 74 is one of 154 sonnets written by the English playwright and poet William Shakespeare. It is a member of the Fair Youth sequence, in which the poet expresses his love towards a young man.

neg: Sonnet 132 Sonnet 132 is one of 154 sonnets written by the English playwright and poet William Shakespeare.

neg: Geoffrey Scott (architectural historian) Geoffrey Scott (11 June 1884 – 14 August 1929) was an English scholar and poet, known as a historian of architecture. His biography of Isabelle de Charrière entitled "The Portrait of Zelide" won the 1925 James Tait Black Memorial Prize.

neg: Samuel Taylor Coleridge Samuel Taylor Coleridge ( ; 21 October 177225 July 1834) was an English poet, literary critic, philosopher and theologian who, with his friend William Wordsworth, was a founder of the Romantic Movement in England and a member of the Lake Poets. He wrote the poems "The Rime of the Ancient Mariner" and "Kubla Khan", as well as the major prose work "Biographia Literaria". His critical work, especially on William Shakespeare, was highly influential, and he helped introduce German idealist philosophy to English-speaking culture. Coleridge coined many familiar words and phrases, including suspension of disbelief. He was a major influence on Ralph Waldo Emerson and American transcendentalism.

neg: John Stubbs John Stubbs (or Stubbe) (c. 1544 – after 25 September 1589) was an English pamphleteer, political commentator and sketch artist during the Elizabethan era.

neg: Howard Hayes Scullard Howard Hayes Scullard (February 9, 1903 – March 31, 1983) FBA, FSA was a British historian specializing in ancient history, notable for editing the "Oxford Classical Dictionary" and for his many books.

neg: Sonnet 118 Sonnet 118 is one of 154 sonnets written by the English playwright and poet William Shakespeare. It is a member of the Fair Youth sequence, in which the poet expresses his love towards a young man.

neg: William Lambarde William Lambarde (18 October 1536 – 19 August 1601) was an English antiquarian, writer on legal subjects, and politician. He is particularly remembered as the author of "A Perambulation of Kent" (1576), the first English county history; "Eirenarcha" (1581), a widely read manual on the office and role of justice of the peace; and "Archeion" (completed c.1591, though not published until 1635), a discourse that sought to trace the Anglo-Saxon roots of English common law, prerogative and government.

neg: Josuah Sylvester Josuah Sylvester (1563 – 28 September 1618) was an English poet.

neg: Sonnet 108 Sonnet 108 is one of 154 sonnets written by the English playwright and poet William Shakespeare. It is a member of the Fair Youth sequence, in which the poet expresses his love towards a young man.

neg: Sonnet 119 Sonnet 119 is one of 154 sonnets written by the English playwright and poet William Shakespeare. It's a member of the Fair Youth sequence, in which the poet expresses his love towards a young man.

neg: William Hutton (historian) William Hutton (30 September 1723 – 20 September 1815) was an English poet and historian. Originally from Derby, he moved to Birmingham and became the first significant historian of the city, publishing his "History of Birmingham" in 1781.

neg: John Bale John Bale (21 November 1495 – November 1563) was an English churchman, historian and controversialist, and Bishop of Ossory. He wrote the oldest known historical verse drama in English (on the subject of King John), and developed and published a very extensive list of the works of British authors down to his own time, just as the monastic libraries were being dispersed. His unhappy disposition and habit of quarreling earned him the nickname "bilious Bale".

neg: George W. Bernard Professor George W. Bernard is a British historian who specializes in the reign of King Henry VIII, specifically the English Reformation of the 1530s – both in England and globally – and the 'reign' of Anne Boleyn. He is most famous for his arguments for the strength of Henry VIII as a ruler not controlled by faction, and for his theory that Anne Boleyn was guilty of adultery in 1536 based on a poem by Lancelot de Carles. He is commonly pitted up against David Starkey and Eric Ives who forcefully present the opposite argument.

neg: Sonnet 6 Sonnet 6 is one of 154 sonnets written by the English playwright and poet William Shakespeare. It is a procreation sonnet within the Fair Youth sequence. The sonnet continues Sonnet 5, thus forming a diptych. It also contains the same distillatory trope featured in Sonnet 54, Sonnet 74 and Sonnet 119.

neg: H. T. Dickinson Harry Thomas Dickinson FRSE (born 9 March 1939, Gateshead) is an English historian specialising in British eighteenth century politics. He obtained his BA and MA from the University of Durham and his PhD from the University of Newcastle upon Tyne. He was reader in history at the University of Edinburgh and Richard Lodge Professor of British history at Edinburgh. He was editor of the journal "History" from 1993 to 2000. Isaac Kramnick wrote that of the biographies of Lord Bolingbroke, Dickinson's was the "most reliable". In the opinion of David Armitage, Dickinson's life of Lord Bolingbroke "replaced all earlier accounts".


query: Are Rennae Stubbs and Jack Sock both tennis players?

pos: Rennae Stubbs Rennae Stubbs (born 26 March 1971) is an Australian retired tennis player. She was an Australian Institute of Sport scholarship holder. She has won four Grand Slam doubles titles and two Grand Slam mixed doubles titles. She was ranked world No.1 in doubles for three weeks in 2000. She represented Australia at four successive Summer Olympic Games: Atlanta 1996, Sydney 2000, Athens 2004, and Beijing 2008.

pos: Jack Sock Jack Sock (born September 24, 1992) is an American professional tennis player who is currently ranked world No. 21 in men's singles by the Association of Tennis Professionals (ATP). He is one of the top ranked American men in both singles and doubles on the ATP Tour. A former junior US Open champion, Sock's singles success is highlighted by 7 ATP finals, including three titles. His career best result came at the 2017 Indian Wells Masters, where he reached the semi-finals.

neg: Alex Bogomolov Jr. Aleksandr Aleksandrovich Bogomolov Jr. (Russian: Александр Александрович «Алекс» Богомолов , born April 23, 1983), nicknamed Bogie, is a Russian-American retired professional tennis player.

neg: 1996 Stella Artois Championships The 1996 Stella Artois Championships was a men's tennis tournament played on grass courts at the Queen's Club in London in the United Kingdom and was part of the World Series of the 1996 ATP Tour. It was the 94th edition of the tournament and was held from June 10 through June 16, 1996. Boris Becker won the singles title.

neg: John Hayes (tennis) John Hayes (born April 7, 1955) is a former professional tennis player from the United States.

neg: Doug Burke (tennis) Douglas "Doug" Burke (born 25 July 1963) is a former professional tennis player from Jamaica.

neg: John Whitlinger John Whitlinger (born February 4, 1954 in Neenah, Wisconsin) is a right-handed former professional tennis player from the United States.

neg: Jon Leach Jonathan Leach (born April 18, 1973) is a former professional tennis player from the United States. He is the husband of Lindsay Davenport.

neg: 2005 Wimbledon Championships – Women's Doubles Cara Black and Rennae Stubbs were the defending champions but each competed with different partners this year. Stubbs partnered Lisa Raymond and was knocked out in the first round whereas Black partnered Liezel Huber and won the title, beating Amélie Mauresmo and Svetlana Kuznetsova in the final, 6–2, 6–1.

neg: John Fitzgerald (tennis) John Basil Fitzgerald OAM (born 28 December 1960) is a former professional tennis player from Australia who played right-handed with a single-handed backhand.

neg: Taylor Dent Taylor Phillip Dent (born April 24, 1981) is a retired professional tennis player from the United States. He reached a career-high singles ranking of World No. 21, winning 4 singles titles.

neg: John Roddick John Roddick (born July 4, 1976) is an American former professional tennis player and the current director of tennis and head men's tennis coach at the University of Central Florida.

neg: Tati Rascón Juan Luis "Tati" Rascón Lope (born 2 March 1971) is a Spanish professional tennis player.

neg: Mervyn Rose Mervyn Gordon Rose AM (23 January 1930 – 23 July 2017) was an Australian male tennis player who won 7 Grand Slam titles (singles, doubles and mixed doubles).

neg: Nicola Slater Nicola Slater (born 14 August 1984 in Ayr) is a British tennis player.

neg: Juan Mónaco Juan Mónaco (] ; born 29 March 1984), nicknamed "Pico", is a male former tennis player from Argentina. He won nine singles titles, reached the semifinals of the 2010 Shanghai Masters and the 2012 Miami Masters, and achieved a career-high singles ranking of world no. 10 in July 2012. He announced his retirement from professional tennis on 15th May, 2017.

neg: Jessica Steck Jessica Steck (born 6 August 1978) is a South African tennis player. During her career on the professional tennis circuit from 1996 to 2003, she won the 1996 US Open Junior Girls' Doubles title and won several singles and doubles titles on the ITF Women's Circuit. Steck has competed and won first-round doubles matches in all four Grand Slam events.

neg: Ren Jing Ren Jing () is a Chinese professional tennis player.

neg: 2004 Wimbledon Championships – Men's Doubles Top-seeds and two-time defending champions Jonas Björkman and Todd Woodbridge defeated Julian Knowle and Nenad Zimonjić 6–1, 6–4, 4–6, 6–4 to win the Men's Doubles title at the 2004 Wimbledon Championships. With the title Woodbridge broke Reginald Doherty and Laurence Doherty's record of eight Wimbledon men's doubles titles.

neg: Robert Lindstedt Robert Lindstedt (born 19 March 1977) is a Swedish professional tennis player, who turned pro in 1998, and is a doubles specialist. His biggest title has been the 2014 Australian Open with partner Łukasz Kubot. He is also a three-time Wimbledon finalist with former partner Horia Tecău.

neg: Reginald Doherty Reginald "Reggie" or "R. F." Frank Doherty (14 October 1872 – 29 December 1910) was a British tennis player and the older brother of tennis player Laurence Doherty. He was known in the tennis world as "R.F." rather than "Reggie". He was a four-time Wimbledon singles champion and a triple Olympic Gold medalist in doubles and mixed doubles.

neg: Wimbledon Effect The Wimbledon effect (Japanese: ウィンブルドン現象, rōmaji: "Uinburudon Genshō", literally "Wimbledon Phenomenon") is a chiefly British and Japanese analogy (which possibly originated in Japan) which compares the tennis fame of the Wimbledon Championships, held at the All England Lawn Tennis and Croquet Club in Wimbledon, London, with the economic success of the United Kingdom's financial services industries – especially those clustered in the City of London. The point of the analogy is that a national and international institution (the All England Club) can be highly successful despite the lack of strong native competition, as in modern tennis Britain has produced very few Wimbledon champions, with only Ann Haydon Jones, Virginia Wade (both women's singles), Jonathan Marray (men's doubles), Andy Murray (men's singles), John Lloyd, Jeremy Bates, Jo Durie, Jamie Murray and Heather Watson (mixed doubles) winning titles in the Open Era.