query: Who created Rivendell, ruled by Elrond who appears in a trilogy?

pos: Rivendell Rivendell is an Elven realm in Middle-earth, a fictional world created by J. R. R. Tolkien. It is an important location in Tolkien's legendarium, and is featured in "The Hobbit", "The Lord of the Rings", "The Silmarillion", and "Unfinished Tales". It was established and ruled by Elrond Half-elven in the Second Age of Middle-earth (four or five thousand years before the events of "The Lord of the Rings"), and was protected by the powers of its lord and his elven ring Vilya.

pos: Elrond Elrond Half-elven is a fictional character in J. R. R. Tolkien's Middle-earth legendarium. He is introduced in "The Hobbit", and plays a supporting role in "The Lord of the Rings" and "The Silmarillion".

neg: Legacy of the Drow The Legacy of the Drow is a New York Times best-selling fantasy series by R. A. Salvatore. It is the third series following the adventures of the Forgotten Realms character Drizzt Do'Urden.

neg: Elvandar Elvandar is a fictional nation on Midkemia, a world created by a fantasy role-playing group and popularized by Raymond E. Feist. It is home to most of the elves remaining on Midkemia. It is located north of the Duchy of Crydee in the Kingdom of the Isles. The entire nation is one great forest. This nation is ruled by Queen Aglaranna and Prince Consort Tomas with their advisors.

neg: The History of Middle-earth The History of Middle-earth is a 12-volume series of books published between 1983 and 1996 that collect and analyse material relating to the fiction of J. R. R. Tolkien, compiled and edited by his son, Christopher Tolkien. The series shows the development over time of Tolkien's conception of Middle-earth as a fictional place with its own peoples, languages, and history, from his earliest notions of a "mythology for England" through to the development of the stories that make up "The Silmarillion" and "The Lord of the Rings". It is not a "history of Middle-earth" in the sense of being a chronicle of events in Middle-earth written from an in-universe perspective. In 2000–01, the twelve volumes were republished in three limited edition omnibus volumes. Non-deluxe editions of the three volumes were published in 2002.

neg: Elantris Elantris is a fantasy novel written by American author Brandon Sanderson. It was first published on April 21, 2005 by Tor Books and is significant as Sanderson's first published book.

neg: Dragonlance Legends Dragonlance Legends is a trilogy of fantasy novels written by Margaret Weis and Tracy Hickman, which take place in the Dragonlance setting. This series is the sequel to the "Dragonlance Chronicles", and explores the lives of Raistlin and Caramon. The trilogy has two major story arcs:

neg: The Doomspell Trilogy The Doomspell Trilogy is a trilogy of fantasy novels by Cliff McNish.

neg: Lord of the Rings (board game) Lord of the Rings is a board game based on the high fantasy trilogy "The Lord of the Rings" by J. R. R. Tolkien. Published in 2000 by Kosmos in Germany, Wizards of the Coast in the U.S., and Parker Brothers in the U.K., the game is designed by Reiner Knizia and features artwork by illustrator John Howe. It won a Spiel des Jahres special award for "best use of literature in a game" and in 2004 it won the Games Magazine Games 100 Honor in the Family Strategy category. A slightly revised version was later published by Fantasy Flight Games.

neg: Barad-dûr Barad-dûr, the “Dark Tower,” is a fictional place in J. R. R. Tolkien's Middle-earth writings and is described in "The Lord of the Rings", "The Silmarillion," and other works. It is an enormous fortress of the Dark Lord Sauron, whence he rules the volcanic and barren land of Mordor. Located in northwest Mordor, near Mount Doom, the Eye of Sauron keeps watch over Middle-earth from its highest tower. The name is pronounced "Ba'rad doorr" with emphasis placed on the "rr." The Lieutenant of Barad-dûr is the Mouth of Sauron, who acts as an ambassador and herald for Mordor and Sauron.

neg: Aerin Aerin is a fictional character from J. R. R. Tolkien's Middle-earth legendarium. She was a woman of the Folk of Hador and related to Húrin Thalion. Her father was one Indor, not otherwise mentioned.

neg: Théoden Théoden is a fictional character in J. R. R. Tolkien's fantasy novel, "The Lord of the Rings". The King of Rohan, he appears as a major supporting character in "The Two Towers" and "The Return of the King".

neg: The Serpentwar Saga The Serpentwar Saga is a series of fantasy novels set in Midkemia by the author Raymond E. Feist. The novels revolve around two characters, Erik von Darkmoor and Roo Avery and also includes a host of previous characters from past novels, including Nakor, Pug, Macros the Black, Calis and Jimmy. It tells of the struggles of the Kingdom against a massive army on the distant continent of Novindus.

neg: Déagol Déagol is a fictional character in J. R. R. Tolkien's legendarium. His story is related in "The Fellowship of the Ring", the first of three volumes comprising Tolkien's most famous novel, "The Lord of the Rings", in the chapter "The Shadow of the Past".

neg: Saruman Saruman the White is a fictional character and a major antagonist in J. R. R. Tolkien's fantasy novel "The Lord of the Rings". He is leader of the Istari, wizards sent to Middle-earth in human form by the godlike Valar to challenge Sauron, the main antagonist of the novel, but eventually he desires Sauron's power for himself and tries to take over Middle-earth by force. His schemes feature prominently in the second volume, "The Two Towers", and at the end of the third volume, "The Return of the King". His earlier history is given briefly in the posthumously published "The Silmarillion" and "Unfinished Tales".

neg: Meriadoc Brandybuck Meriadoc Brandybuck, usually referred to as Merry, is a fictional character from J. R. R. Tolkien's Middle-earth legendarium, featured throughout his most famous work, "The Lord of the Rings".

neg: The Avatar Series The Avatar Series, originally The Avatar Trilogy, is a series of Dungeons & Dragons fantasy novels in the "Forgotten Realms" setting, covering the event known as the Time of Troubles.

neg: The Lays of Beleriand The Lays of Beleriand, published in 1985, is the third volume of Christopher Tolkien's 12-volume book series, "The History of Middle-earth", in which he analyzes the unpublished manuscripts of his father J. R. R. Tolkien.

neg: Eriador Eriador is a large region in J. R. R. Tolkien's fictional world of Middle-earth. The Shire, a land which became famous in the Third Age and again in modern times, was located in the central west of this region. The region was also called the Lone-lands, a translation of "Eriador".

neg: Adaptations of The Lord of the Rings "The Lord of the Rings", an epic high fantasy novel by the British author J. R. R. Tolkien, set in his fictional world of Middle-earth, has been adapted several times.

neg: The Echorium Sequence The Echorium Sequence is a fantasy trilogy by Katherine Roberts. The trilogy comprises Song Quest (1999), Crystal Mask (2001), and Dark Quetzal (2003).

neg: The Three Doors The Three Doors is a fantasy trilogy written by Emily Rodda. The story takes place on an island called Dorne, which happens to be located in the same sea as the land of Deltora, which was the prominent setting in Emily Rodda's "Deltora" series. The story focuses on a sixteen-year-old boy named Rye and a sixteen-year-old girl named Sonia. They live in a walled city known as Weld.


query: The Calhoun Depot  was part of an American Civil War military raid that occurred on what date?

pos: Calhoun Depot The Calhoun Depot was a railway station of the Western & Atlantic Railroad that was built by the State of Georgia during 1852-53 in Calhoun, Georgia. Unusual for railroads, the Western & Atlantic Railroad was owned and operated by a U.S. state. Calhoun is on its route built from Atlanta, Georgia to Chattanooga, Tennessee. Like other brick or stone depots on the line, the Calhoun Depot was involved in but survived the American Civil War. It was part of the Great Locomotive Chase.

pos: Great Locomotive Chase The Great Locomotive Chase or Andrews' Raid was a military raid that occurred on April 12, 1862, in northern Georgia during the American Civil War. Volunteers from the Union Army, led by civilian scout James J. Andrews, commandeered a train and took it northward toward Chattanooga, Tennessee, doing as much damage as possible to the vital Western and Atlantic Railroad (W&A) line from Atlanta to Chattanooga as they went. They were pursued by Confederate forces at first on foot, and later on a succession of locomotives for 87 miles.

neg: Battle of Mathias Point The Battle of Mathias Point, Virginia (June 27, 1861) was an early naval action of the American Civil War in connection with the Union blockade and the corresponding effort by the Confederates to deny use of the Potomac to the enemy.

neg: Troop engagements of the American Civil War, 1862 The following is a list of engagements that took place in 1862 during the American Civil War. During the winter and early spring of the year, Union forces gained several successes over the Confederacy, seizing control of Missouri, northern Arkansas, Kentucky, and western Tennessee, along with several coastal areas. Confederate forces defended the capital of Richmond, Virginia, from Union assaults, and then launched counter–offensives into Kentucky and Maryland, both of which end in Union victories.

neg: John D. Barry John Decatur Barry (June 21, 1839 – March 24, 1867) was an officer in the Confederate States Army during the American Civil War. The men he was leading at Chancellorsville mistakenly fired on General Thomas "Stonewall" Jackson.

neg: William Henry Chase William Henry Chase (June 4, 1798 – February 8, 1870) was a Florida militia colonel during the events in early 1861 that led to the American Civil War (Civil War). On January 15, 1861, on behalf of the State and Governor of Florida, Colonel Chase demanded the surrender of Fort Pickens at Pensacola, Florida and of its U.S. Army garrison. Chase had designed and constructed the fort while he was a captain in the United States Army Corps of Engineers. Lieutenant Adam J. Slemmer, commander of the fort, refused the surrender demand. An informal truce between the administration of President James Buchanan and Florida officials, including their still sitting U.S. Senators, avoided military action at Pensacola until after the Battle of Fort Sumter in April 1861.

neg: Battle of Arlington Mills The Battle of Arlington Mills, Virginia, was one of the first military engagements of the American Civil War, a week after the Union occupation of that part of Virginia opposite Washington, D.C. It occurred on June 1, 1861 at about 11:00 p.m., a few hours after the Battle of Fairfax Court House.

neg: Battle of Monocacy The Battle of Monocacy (also known as Monocacy Junction) was fought on July 9, 1864, approximately 6 mi from Frederick, Maryland, as part of the Valley Campaigns of 1864 during the American Civil War. Confederate forces under Lt. Gen. Jubal A. Early defeated Union forces under Maj. Gen. Lew Wallace. The battle was part of Early's raid through the Shenandoah Valley and into Maryland in an attempt to divert Union forces away from Gen. Robert E. Lee's army under siege at Petersburg, Virginia. The battle was the northernmost Confederate victory of the war. While the Union troops retreated to Baltimore, Maryland, the Confederates continued toward Washington, D.C., but the battle at Monocacy delayed Early's march for a day, allowing time for Union reinforcements to arrive in the Union capital. The Confederates launched an attack on Washington on July 12 at the Battle of Fort Stevens, but were unsuccessful and retreated to Virginia.

neg: Benjamin D. Pritchard Benjamin Dudley Pritchard (January 29, 1835 – November 26, 1907) was a United States Army officer, most known for leading the Union cavalry regiment which captured the fugitive Jefferson Davis, President of the Confederate States of America, in the weeks surrounding the close of the American Civil War.

neg: Gilmor's Raid Gilmor's Raid, also known as The Magnolia Station Train Raid, was a foraging and disruptive cavalry raid that was part of an overall campaign against Union railroads, led by Maj. Harry W. Gilmor with 135 men from the First and Second Maryland Cavalry regiments. It was authorized by Confederate Lt. Gen. Jubal Early during his Valley Campaigns of 1864, which threatened Washington, D.C., during the American Civil War.

neg: Daniel M. Frost Daniel Marsh Frost (August 9, 1823 – October 29, 1900) was an antebellum officer in the United States Army and then a brigadier general in the Missouri Volunteer Militia (MVM) and the Confederate States Army during the American Civil War. He was one of a handful of Confederate generals born in the North, and commanded the MVM during the Camp Jackson Affair in May 1861 that fanned civil unrest in St. Louis.

neg: Bluffton Movement The Bluffton Movement was spawned during a political rally held under the "Secession Oak" in the village of Bluffton, South Carolina, on July 31, 1844. The movement was an attempt to invoke "separate state action" against the tariff of 1842, after John Calhoun's failure to secure the presidential nomination and the Northern Democrats' abandonment of the South on the tariff had apparently destroyed hope for relief within the Democratic Party. Though many of the "Blufftonites" undoubtedly contemplated disunion, the object of their leader, Robert Barnwell Rhett, seems rather to have been a "reform" of the Union giving further safeguards to Southern interests. The movement collapsed within a short time, largely through its repudiation by Calhoun.

neg: William Watts Hart Davis William Watts Hart Davis (July 27, 1820 - December 26, 1910) was a brevetted Brigadier General of the United States Volunteers during the American Civil War. The rank was awarded to him on March 13, 1865, "for gallant and meritorious services, during operations against Charleston, South Carolina." Outside of his military service, he worked as a journalist, author and government official.

neg: Mobile magazine explosion On May 25, 1865, in Mobile, Alabama, in the Southern United States, an ordnance depot or "magazine" exploded, killing some 300 persons. This event occurred just after the end of the American Civil War, during the occupation of the city by victorious Federal troops.

neg: Battle of Cynthiana The Second Battle of Cynthiana included three separate engagements during the American Civil War that were fought on June 11 and 12, 1864, in Harrison County, Kentucky, in and near the town of Cynthiana. This was part of Confederate Brigadier General John H. Morgan's 1864 Raid into Kentucky. The battle ultimately resulted in a victory by Union forces over the raiders and ended Morgan's Last Kentucky Raid in defeat. Morgan's Raiders had previously captured the town in the First Battle of Cynthiana, July 17, 1862.

neg: Floating Battery of Charleston Harbor The Floating Battery of Charleston Harbor was an ironclad vessel that was constructed by the Confederacy in early 1861, a few months before the American Civil War ignited. Apart from being a marvel to contemporary Charlestonians, it was a strategic naval artillery platform that took part in the bombardment of Fort Sumter on April 12 and April 13, 1861, making it the first floating battery to engage in hostilities during the Civil War.

neg: Battle of Wilmington The Battle of Wilmington was fought February 11–22, 1865, during the American Civil War, mostly outside the city of Wilmington, North Carolina. The Union victory in January in the Second Battle of Fort Fisher meant that Wilmington, 30 miles upriver, could no longer be used by the Confederacy as a port. It fell to Union troops after they overcame Confederate defenses along the Cape Fear River south of the city. The Confederate General Braxton Bragg burned stores of tobacco and cotton, among other supplies and equipment, before leaving the city, to prevent the Union from seizing them.

neg: United States presidential election, 1860 The United States Presidential Election of 1860 was the nineteenth quadrennial presidential election to select the President and Vice President of the United States. The election was held on Tuesday, November 6, 1860, and served as the immediate impetus for the outbreak of the American Civil War.

neg: Battle of Bolivar Heights The Battle of Bolivar Heights (October 16, 1861) was an early battle of the American Civil War. Bolivar Heights is a plateau which overlooks the towns of Harpers Ferry, West Virginia and Bolivar, West Virginia, then part of Virginia.

neg: Andrew Talcott Andrew Talcott (1797–1883) was an American civil engineer and close friend of Civil War General Robert E. Lee. He did not serve during the Civil War, as he could not fight against the Union, nor fight against his brothers in the South. He traveled to Veracruz to work on the Railroad. Coming back with the President to New York for supplies he was arrested and placed at Fort Layfayette accused of being a spy for the Confederate States of America. He was moved to Fort Adams in Boston under orders of General John E Wool. General John A Dix was placed in the command of the Eastern Military Department. Knowing Captain Andrew well and believing his loyalty to the Union he was released.

neg: Battle of Hartsville The Battle of Hartsville was fought on December 7, 1862, in northern Tennessee at the opening of the Stones River Campaign the American Civil War. Hartsville Battlefield is listed on the National Register of Historic Places.

neg: Lawrence massacre The Lawrence massacre, also known as Quantrill's raid, was an attack during the American Civil War (1861-1865) by the Quantrill's Raiders, a Confederate guerilla group led by William Quantrill, on the Unionist town of Lawrence, Kansas.


query: William Eubank is a film director, screenwriter, and cinematographer who made three feature films, one of which was co-written by Carlyle Eubank and who else?

pos: William Eubank William Eubank (born November 15, 1982) is an American film director, screenwriter, and cinematographer. His third feature film, the estimated $65 million action thriller "Underwater", is scheduled to be released in 2018 by 20th Century Fox. His second feature film "The Signal" premiered at the 2014 Sundance Film Festival and was released in theaters by Focus Features on June 13, 2014. For his first feature film, "Love", released in 2011, in addition to directorial and director of photography duties, Eubank also served as production designer.

pos: The Signal (2014 film) The Signal is a 2014 American science fiction thriller film directed by William Eubank and co-written with Carlyle Eubank and David Frigerio. The film stars Brenton Thwaites and Laurence Fishburne. The film premiered at the 2014 Sundance Film Festival and was released theatrically in the United States on June 13, 2014. The film is among an increasing number of low-budget, independent science fiction films to be included at the Sundance Film Festival in recent years.

neg: Mary Johnston Mary Johnston (November 21, 1870 – May 9, 1936) was an American novelist and women's rights advocate from Virginia. She was one of America's best selling authors during her writing career and had three silent films adapted from her novels.

neg: Flood (film) Flood is a British disaster film from 2007, directed by Tony Mitchell. It features Robert Carlyle, Jessalyn Gilsig, David Suchet and Tom Courtenay, and is based on the 2002 novel of the same name by Richard Doyle.

neg: William P. McGivern William Peter McGivern (December 6, 1918 - November 18, 1982) was an American novelist and television scriptwriter. He published more than 20 novels, mostly mysteries and crime thrillers, some under the pseudonym Bill Peters. His novels were adapted for a number of films, among them "Odds Against Tomorrow" (1959), a noir tale of three losers, "The Big Heat" (1953), starring Glenn Ford as a cop that will do anything to get his man, "Shield for Murder", about a honest cop going bad; and "Rogue Cop" (1954), a film noir directed by Roy Rowland, about a crooked cop trying to redeem himself. "The Big Heat" received an Edgar Award in 1954 as Best Motion Picture, which McGivern shared as author of the original novel. He also published over one hundred science fiction stories during the 1940s and 1950s.

neg: Corsair (film) Corsair is a 1931 American pre-Code crime drama written, produced and directed by Roland West. The film is based on the 1931 novel "Corsair, a Pirate in White Flannels" by Walton Green and takes place in and was shot during the era of Prohibition in the United States. The film stars Chester Morris and Thelma Todd (credited as Alison Loyd).

neg: Irving Thalberg Irving Grant Thalberg (May 30, 1899 – September 14, 1936) was an American film producer during the early years of motion pictures. He was called "The Boy Wonder" for his youth and ability to select scripts, choose actors, gather production staff, and make profitable films, including "Grand Hotel", "China Seas", "Camille", "Mutiny on the Bounty", and "The Good Earth". His films carved out an international market, "projecting a seductive image of American life brimming with vitality and rooted in democracy and personal freedom," states biographer Roland Flamini.

neg: Christian Nyby Christian Nyby (September 1, 1913 – September 17, 1993) was an American television and film director and editor. As an editor, he had seventeen feature film credits from 1943 to 1952, including "The Big Sleep" (1946) and "Red River" (1948). From 1953–1975 he was a prolific director of episodes in many television series, including "Gunsmoke" and "Wagon Train". As a feature film director, he is likely best known for "The Thing from Another World" (1951).

neg: Three on a Spree Three on a Spree is a 1961 British comedy film directed by Sidney J. Furie, based on the 1902 novel "Brewster's Millions", which had been previously filmed by Edward Small in 1945.

neg: The Great Divide (1915 film) The Great Divide is a 1915 silent film drama produced by the Lubin Manufacturing Company and starring Ethel Clayton. It is based on the 1906 stage play, "The Great Divide", by William Vaughn Moody.

neg: Nedrick Young Nedrick Young (March 23, 1914 – September 16, 1968), also known by the pseudonym Nathan E. Douglas, was a screenwriter often blacklisted during the 1950s and 1960s. He is credited with writing the screenplay for "Jailhouse Rock" in 1957, which starred Elvis Presley.

neg: Anthony Paul Kelly Anthony Paul Kelly (1897 – September 26, 1932) was an American screenwriter. He wrote for 60 films between 1914 and 1930, and also wrote the play "Three Faces East", which was the basis for two films of the same name. He died in Manhattan after committing suicide.

neg: 7 Women 7 Women, also known as Seven Women, is a 1966 film drama made by Metro-Goldwyn-Mayer. It was directed by John Ford, produced by Bernard Smith and John Ford, from a screenplay by Janet Green and John McCormick, based on the short story "Chinese Finale" by Norah Lofts. The music score was by Elmer Bernstein and the cinematography by Joseph LaShelle. This was the last feature film directed by Ford, ending a career that spanned approximately fifty years.

neg: William E. Wing William E. Wing (4 July 1869 – 10 March 1947) was an American screenwriter of the silent era. He wrote for 94 films between 1912 and 1927.

neg: Kenneth Thomson (actor) Kenneth Thomson (January 7, 1899 – January 26, 1967) was an American character actor active during the silent and early sound film eras. He, along with his wife Alden Gay, was a founding member of the Screen Actors Guild. The group was founded after meetings held at the Thomsons' home during 1933. During his brief twelve-year career in front of the camera, he appeared in over 60 films. After appearing in several Broadway plays during the early and mid-1920s, Thomson would make his film debut with a starring role in 1926's "Risky Business". Over the next four years, he would appear in over a dozen films, in either starring or featured roles. In 1930 alone he would appear in ten films, half of which were in starring roles, such as "Lawful Larceny", which also starred Bebe Daniels and Lowell Sherman (who also directed), and "Reno", whose other stars were Ruth Roland and Montagu Love; the other half would see him in featured roles as in "A Notorious Affair", starring Billie Dove, Basil Rathbone, and Kay Francis. During the rest of the 1930s, he would appear in numerous films, mostly in either supporting or featured roles, such as "The Little Giant" (1933), starring Edward G. Robinson and Mary Astor, and "Hop-Along Cassidy" (1935), starring William Boyd; although he occasionally would have a starring role, as in opposite Harold Lloyd in 1932's "Movie Crazy".

neg: Ben Hecht Ben Hecht (February 28, 1894 – April 18, 1964) was an American screenwriter, director, producer, playwright, journalist, and novelist. A journalist in his youth, he went on to write thirty-five books and some of the most entertaining screenplays and plays in America. He received screen credits, alone or in collaboration, for the stories or screenplays of some seventy films.

neg: The Crime and the Criminal The Crime and the Criminal is a 1912 Australian silent film directed by Alfred Rolfe. It features the same railway collision as the climax in "Do Men Love Women?" (1912) which had come out only a few weeks prior. However the plots of the movies are different.

neg: Wilfrid North Wilfrid North (16 January 1863 – 3 June 1935), also spelled Wilfred North, was an Anglo-American film director, actor, and writer of the silent film era. He directed 102 films, including short films; acted in 43 films; and wrote the story for 3 films.

neg: The Old Curiosity Shop (1914 film) The Old Curiosity Shop is a 1914 British silent drama film directed by Thomas Bentley and starring Mai Deacon, Warwick Buckland and Alma Taylor. It was based on the 1840 novel "The Old Curiosity Shop" by Charles Dickens, and was the first of three film adaptations of the story by Bentley. It was made by the Hepworth Company, the leading British film studio before the First World War.

neg: Hobart Henley Hobart Henley (born Hess Manassah Henle, November 23, 1887 - May 22, 1964) was an American silent film actor, director, and screenwriter. He was involved in well over 60 films either as an actor or director or both in his twenty-year career, between 1914 and 1934 when he retired from filmmaking.

neg: Three Dollars Three Dollars is a 2005 Australian film, directed by Robert Connolly and based on a novel of the same name by Elliot Perlman. It won the 2005 Australian Film Institute Award for Best Adapted Screenplay.

neg: Reveille (film) Reveille is a 1924 British silent drama film directed by George Pearson. It follows some British soldiers during and after the First World War, though Pearson wrote in a January 1924 letter to his cast and crew:


query: Wealth Partaking Scheme a cash disbursement policy to holders of a card with what acronym?

pos: Wealth Partaking Scheme Wealth Partaking Scheme (; Portuguese: "Plano de comparticipação pecuniária no desenvolvimento económico" ) is a cash disbursement policy to holders of a Macau Resident Identity Card by the Macau Special Administrative Region since 2008. The main purpose of the scheme is to share the results of the region's economic development with its people and help mitigate the effects of inflation.

pos: Macau Resident Identity Card The Macau Resident Identity Card (; Portuguese: Bilhete de Identidade de Residente ) or BIR is an official identity card issued by the Direcção dos Serviços de Identificação of Macau. There are two types of Resident Identity Cards: one for permanent residents (; Portuguese: "Bilhete de Identidade de Residente Permanente da R.A.E.M." ), and one for non-permanent residents (; Portuguese: "Bilhete de Identidade de Residente não Permanente da R.A.E.M." ).

neg: Crown Retail Deposit Guarantee Scheme The Crown Retail Deposit Guarantee Scheme was an opt-in deposit insurance scheme, established under the Public Finance Act 1989 in New Zealand during the Great Recession, 2008 to 2011. Dr Michael Cullen, Finance Minister at the time of the scheme's introduction said, "The deposit guarantee is designed to give assurance to New Zealand depositors. The New Zealand banking system remains sound. We want to ensure that ordinary New Zealanders feel that their deposits are safe in the current uncertain international financial market conditions."

neg: Cash in lieu of commodities Cash in lieu of commodities refers to cash provided to food program operators (e.g.,

neg: Discount card A discount card is a card or document, often a plastic credit card or paper card, that entitles the holder to discounts on the prices of some products or services. Cards may be issued as part of a loyalty program, offering discounts to existing customers to ensure their continuing custom; they may be offered free of charge, offering a modest discount with the intention of persuading purchasers to patronise participating shops; or they may be sold to members, offering larger discounts—for example, the tastecard offers 50% discounts at many restaurants—at a substantial annual cost. Cards may be offered by merchants or groups of merchants, by clubs or associations who negotiate on behalf of all members to obtain benefits, or by official organisations offering concessionary prices to qualifying groups, such as the disabled.

neg: Private equity fund A private equity fund is a collective investment scheme used for making investments in various equity (and to a lesser extent debt) securities according to one of the investment strategies associated with private equity.

neg: Visa Electron Visa Electron is a debit card available across most of the world, with the exception of Canada, Australia, Ireland and the United States . The card was introduced by Visa in 1985 and is a sister card to the Visa Debit card. The difference between Visa Electron and Visa Debit is that payments with Visa Electron require that all the funds be available at the time of transfer, i.e., Visa Electron card accounts may not normally be overdrawn. Visa Debit cards, on the other hand, typically allow transfers exceeding available funds up to a certain limit. Some online stores and all offline terminals (like on trains and aircraft) do not support Visa Electron because their systems cannot check for the availability of funds.

neg: Unified managed account Unified managed accounts are managed investment accounts that have developed out of separate accounts. Where a separate account holds the securities associated with a single investment manager or style managed for a client, a unified managed account typically holds multiple separate accounts, as well as other investment products such as mutual funds and exchange traded funds. Unified managed accounts also typically automate services such as rebalancing, cashflow management, and other services that are typically handled manually by financial advisors or institutions when using a separate account. A unified managed account removes the need to have more than one account and combines all of the assets into one account with a single registration.

neg: CollarCard CollarCard is a credit card-sized collar stay holder, which fits into the user's wallet. The patent-pending CollarCard contains four "pop-out" collars stays. CollarCard is made of the environmentally friendly plastic Teslin. The CollarCard eliminates the common experience of forgetting collar stays – something every man has experienced and no other product on the market solves. While conventional collar stays are easy to misplace, CollarCard fits in a man’s wallet and can be used as needed.

neg: Chartered Strategic Wealth Professional The Chartered Strategic Wealth Professional (CSWP) designation is a professional certification conferred by Canadian Securities Institute, a Canadian financial education company that provides courses, programs, certifications, and designations for financial industry professionals.

neg: Women Card Women Card is a plastic privilege card launched by Pratishtha Endeavours LLP that enables female cardholders to do transactions at different merchant stores at discounted prices. The card is transferable which enables any women cardholder to shop with different merchants at a discounted price.

neg: Central Provident Fund In Singapore, the Central Provident Fund (CPF; Chinese: 公积金, Pinyin: "Gōngjījīn") is a compulsory comprehensive savings plan for working Singaporeans and permanent residents primarily to fund their retirement, healthcare, and housing needs. The CPF is an employment based savings scheme with employers and employees contributing a mandated amount to the Fund.

neg: Qualified Non-UK Pension Scheme A Qualifying Non-UK Pension Scheme (QNUPS) is a form of overseas pension scheme available to British citizens that reside permanently outside of the United Kingdom or who reside in the United Kingdom. If the QNUPS complies with specific HMRC regulations, it will be recognised as a QROPS (Qualifying Recognised Offshore Pension Scheme) which allow individuals to transfer UK based approved pension assets to an overseas based "QROPS". A QNUPS can also allow individuals to invest more into their pensions than the usual UK limit in terms of both annual contributions and overall 'lifetime limit' of fund size

neg: United States Passport Card The passport card (previously known as the People Access Security Service Card, or PASS Card) is a credit card–sized national identity card and limited travel document produced in the United States. Like a passport booklet, the passport card is only issued to U.S. citizens and non-citizen nationals. The passport card was created as a result of the Western Hemisphere Travel Initiative (WHTI) which imposed more stringent documentary requirements on travelers. The passport card's intended primary purpose is to allow cardholders to cross the United States border into and out of Bermuda, Canada, Mexico and some Caribbean countries at land border crossings or sea ports-of-entry. The passport card cannot be used for international air travel. However, it is an acceptable form of identification for domestic air travel inside the United States.

neg: Perpetuity A perpetuity is an annuity that has no end, or a stream of cash payments that continues forever. There are few actual perpetuities in existence (the United Kingdom (UK) government has issued them in the past; these were known as consols and finally redeemed in 2015). Real estate and preferred stock are among some types of investments that affect the results of a perpetuity, and prices can be established using techniques for valuing a perpetuity. Perpetuities are but one of the time value of money methods for valuing financial assets. Perpetuities are a form of ordinary annuities.

neg: Australian Seniors Card The Australian Seniors Card is a card issued by various Australian State and Territory governments to permanent residents, aged 60 or over, who work no more than a set number of paid hours per week, or based on state or territory requirements.

neg: CHAPS The Clearing House Automated Payment System or CHAPS is a British company established in London in February 1984, which offers same-day sterling fund transfers.

neg: Mandatory Provident Fund (Hong Kong) The Mandatory Provident Fund (), often abbreviated as MPF (強積金), is a compulsory saving scheme (pension fund) for the retirement of residents in Hong Kong. Most of employees and their employers are required to contribute monthly to mandatory provident fund schemes provided by approved private organisations, according to their salaries and the period of employment.

neg: Liverpool Victoria Liverpool Victoria (which since May 2007 has traded as LV=) is one of the United Kingdom's largest insurance companies with over five million customers. It offers a range of products from car, home, pet, travel and life insurance to investment and retirement solutions. LV= is also the United Kingdom's largest friendly society, with 5,700 employees.

neg: SmarTrip SmarTrip is a contact-less stored-value smart card payment system managed by the Washington Metropolitan Area Transit Authority (WMATA). The Maryland Transit Administration (MTA) uses a compatible payment system called CharmCard. A reciprocity agreement between the MTA and WMATA allows either card to be used for travel on any of the participating transit systems in the Baltimore-Washington metropolitan area. Unlike traditional paper farecards or bus passes, SmarTrip/CharmCard is designed to be permanent and reloadable. For the rest of this article, "SmarTrip" will refer to both unless there is a specific difference between the two.

neg: Monetary Authority of Singapore The Monetary Authority of Singapore (Abbreviation: MAS; ; Malay: "Penguasa Kewangan Singapura") is Singapore's central bank and financial regulatory authority. It administers the various statutes pertaining to money, banking, insurance, securities and the financial sector in general, as well as currency issuance. The acronym is a play on words, as ""mas"" means "gold" in Malay.

neg: Payday loan A payday loan (also called a payday advance, salary loan, payroll loan, small dollar loan, short term, or cash advance loan) is a small, short-term unsecured loan, "regardless of whether repayment of loans is linked to a borrower's payday." The loans are also sometimes referred to as "cash advances," though that term can also refer to cash provided against a prearranged line of credit such as a credit card. Payday advance loans rely on the consumer having previous payroll and employment records. Legislation regarding payday loans varies widely between different countries, and in federal systems, between different states or provinces.


query: Which author of Superman: The Wedding Album is known for creating the superhero Booster Gold?

pos: Superman: The Wedding Album Superman: The Wedding Album is an American comic book published in 1996 by DC Comics. It is notable in that it features the long-awaited wedding of Superman/Clark Kent and Lois Lane in DC Comics continuity, an event that was nearly 60 years in the making. Bearing a cover date of December 1996, the issue was published during the week of October 6, 1996, coinciding with an episode of the television series "" which also featured the wedding of the two characters. The story was written by the five principal writers for the "Superman" titles at the time: Dan Jurgens, Karl Kesel, David Michelinie, Louise Simonson, and Roger Stern.

pos: Dan Jurgens Dan Jurgens (born June 27, 1959) is an American comic book writer and artist. He is known for creating the superhero Booster Gold, and for his lengthy runs on the Superman titles "The Adventures of Superman" and "Superman" (vol. 2), particularly during "The Death of Superman" storyline.

neg: George Klein (comics) George D. Klein (c. 1915 or 1920 – 1969) was an American comic book artist and cartoonist whose career stretched from the 1930s and 1940s' Golden Age of comic books. He was best known as an inker for DC Comics, where he was an integral part of the Superman family of titles from 1955 to 1968, and for Marvel Comics, where he was the generally recognized, uncredited inker on Jack Kirby's pencil art for the landmark comic book "The Fantastic Four" #1.

neg: Captain Battle Captain Battle is a fictional hero and one of the features in Lev Gleason's "Silver Streak Comics", from the period known as "Golden Age of Comic Books."

neg: 100 (DC Comics) The 100, the 10 and the 1000 are fictional organized crime groups appearing in American comic books published by DC Comics. The 10 debuted in "Superman" #665 (September 2007), and were created by Kurt Busiek and Rick Leonardi. The 100 debuted in "Superman's Girl Friend Lois Lane" #105 (October 1970), and were created by Bob Kanigher. The 1,000 debuted in "Booster Gold" #2 (March 1986), and were created by Dan Jurgens.

neg: World's Finest Comics World's Finest Comics was an American comic book series published by DC Comics from 1941 to 1986. The series was initially titled "World's Best Comics" for its first issue; issue #2 (Summer 1941) switched to the more familiar name. Michael E. Uslan has speculated that this was because DC received a cease and desist letter from Better Publications, Inc., who had been publishing a comic book entitled "Best Comics" since November 1939. Virtually every issue featured DC's two leading superheroes, Superman and Batman, with the earliest issues also featuring Batman's sidekick, Robin.

neg: Golden Knight The Golden Knight is a fictional character, a comic book knight published by DC Comics. He first appeared in "The Demon" vol. 3, #20 (February 1992), and was created by Alan Grant and Val Semeiks. The character is based on the mythical knight Percival as defined by Chrétien de Troyes' unfinished fifth romance, "Perceval, le Conte du Graal" (Perceval, the Story of the Grail).

neg: Mister Miracle Mister Miracle (Scott Free) is a fictional superhero appearing in American comic books published by DC Comics. He first appeared in "Mister Miracle" #1 (April 1971) and was created by Jack Kirby.

neg: Red Tornado (Ma Hunkel) The Red Tornado is a fictional character, a superheroine in the DC Comics Universe, debuting during the Golden Age of Comic Books. Created by Sheldon Mayer, she first appeared in her civilian identity as Abigail Mathilda "Ma" Hunkel in All-American Publications' "All-American Comics" #3 (June 1939), and became the Red Tornado in "All-American Comics" #20 (Nov. 1940). As the Red Tornado, she was one of the first superhero parodies, as well as one of the first female superheroes (possibly the very first), and, when occasionally disguised as a man, comics' first cross-dressing heroine. (Madame Fatal, earlier that year, was the first cross-dressing hero.)

neg: The Reign of the Superman "The Reign of the Superman" (January 1933) is a short story written by Jerry Siegel and illustrated by Joe Shuster. It was the first published use by the writer/artist duo of the name "Superman", which they later applied to their archetypal fictional superhero. The title character of this story is a telepathic villain rather than a physically powerful hero. (Although the name is hyphenated between syllables due to it being broken between pages on the story's opening spread, it is spelled "Superman" in the magazine's table of contents and in the story's text.)

neg: Powers and abilities of Superman The powers of DC Comics character Superman have changed since his introduction in the 1930s. Many other DC Comics characters have Superman's abilities from Kryptonian DNA, such as Zod, Kara Zor-El, and even the hybrid Superboy. The extent of Superman's powers peaked during the 1970s and 1980s to the point where various writers found it difficult to create suitable challenges for the character. Lex Luthor described Superman as a "living god" on Earth. As a result, his powers were significantly reduced when his story was rebooted by writer John Byrne after the "Crisis on Infinite Earths" series. After Byrne's departure, Superman's powers were gradually increased again, though with greater in-story explanation than his Pre-"Crisis" incarnation.

neg: Chris Burnham Chris Burnham is a comic book artist known for his work on "Batman Incorporated" with Grant Morrison, as well as the creator-owned books such as "Officer Downe" and "Nixon's Pals", which were published by Image Comics.

neg: Goldbug (comics) Goldbug is the name of two fictional supervillains appearing in American comic books published by Marvel Comics.

neg: Rich Buckler Rich Buckler (February 6, 1949 – May 19, 2017) was an American comics artist and penciller, best known for his work on Marvel Comics' "Fantastic Four" in the mid-1970s and for creating the character Deathlok in "Astonishing Tales" #25. Buckler drew virtually every major character at Marvel and DC, often as a cover artist.

neg: General Zod General Dru-Zod is a fictional supervillain appearing in American comic books published by DC Comics, commonly in association with Superman. The character, who first appeared in "Adventure Comics" #283 (April 1961), was created by Robert Bernstein and initially designed by George Papp. As a Kryptonian, he exhibits the same powers and abilities as Superman and is consequently viewed as one of his greatest enemies.

neg: John Byrne (comics) John Lindley Byrne ( ; born July 6, 1950) is an American comics artist and writer. Since the mid-1970s, Byrne has worked on many major superheroes. Byrne's better-known work has been on Marvel Comics' "X-Men" and "Fantastic Four" and the 1986 relaunch of DC Comics' "Superman" franchise, the first issue of which featured comics' first variant cover. Coming into the comics profession as penciller, inker, letterer and writer on his earliest work, Byrne began co-plotting the "X-Men" comics during his tenure on them, and launched his writing career in earnest with "Fantastic Four" (where he also served as penciler and inker). During the 1990s he produced a number of creator-owned works, including "Next Men" and "Danger Unlimited". He scripted the first issues of Mike Mignola's "Hellboy" series and produced a number of "Star Trek" comics for IDW Publishing. In 2015, Byrne and his X-Men collaborator Chris Claremont were entered into the Will Eisner Award Hall of Fame.

neg: Leo Dorfman Leo Dorfman (February 17, 1914 – July 9, 1974) (also credited as Geoff Brown and David George) was an American writer of comic books throughout the Silver Age. Although the majority of his work was for DC Comics, he also wrote for Dell Comics and Gold Key Comics.

neg: Leslie Newman Leslie Newman is a screenwriter who co-wrote the first three "Superman" films with husband David Newman, who died in 2003. They had two children together. She has written a novel entitled Gathering Force (Simon & Schuster, 1974), and a cook book entitled Feasts: Menus for Home-cooked Celebrations (HarperCollins, 1990).

neg: DC Archive Editions DC Archive Editions is a line of hardcover reprint runs of early, often rare comic book series, titles, and stories. They include more than 160 Golden Age and Silver Age comic properties currently owned by DC Comics, regardless of whether DC Comics was the original publisher. The series first published "Superman Archives" Vol. 1 in 1989. Most of the restoration work to make the pages suitable for quality printing has been done by Rick Keene, who has restored more than 2500 pages.

neg: Michael Golden (comics) Michael Golden is an American comics artist and writer best known for his late-1970s work on Marvel Comics' "The Micronauts", as well as his co-creation of the characters Rogue and Bucky O'Hare.

neg: Diamond Lil (comics) Diamond Lil (Lillian Crawley-Jeffries) is a fictional mutant character appearing in American comic books published by Marvel Comics. The character was created by writer and artist John Byrne for the ongoing comic book series "Alpha Flight". Since her debut, Diamond Lil has been portrayed as both hero and villain.

neg: Rebecca Banner Rebecca Banner is a fictional supporting character appearing in American comic books published by Marvel Comics, as well as multiple spin-offs and dramatizations of the "Hulk" comic book titles. She was created by writers and artists Bill Mantlo and Sal Buscema in "Incredible Hulk" #267 in January 1982. She is the wife of Brian Banner and the mother of their son Bruce Banner, who would grow up to be the gamma-powered superhero known as the Hulk.


query: The Wu experiment was conducted by the physicist who was part of what field of study?

pos: Wu experiment The Wu experiment was a nuclear physics experiment conducted in 1956 by the Chinese American physicist Chien-Shiung Wu in collaboration with the Low Temperature Group of the US National Bureau of Standards. The experiment's purpose was to establish whether or not conservation of parity ("P"-conservation), which was previously established in the electromagnetic and strong interactions, also applied to weak interactions. If "P"-conservation were true, a mirrored version of the world (where left is right and right is left) would behave as the mirror image of the current world. If "P"-conservation were violated, then it would be possible to distinguish between a mirrored version of the world and the mirror image of the current world.

pos: Chien-Shiung Wu Chien-Shiung Wu (; May 31, 1912 – February 16, 1997) was a Chinese-American experimental physicist who made significant contributions in the field of nuclear physics. Wu worked on the Manhattan Project, where she helped develop the process for separating uranium metal into uranium-235 and uranium-238 isotopes by gaseous diffusion. She is best known for conducting the Wu experiment, which contradicted the hypothetical law of conservation of parity. This discovery resulted in her colleagues Tsung-Dao Lee and Chen-Ning Yang winning the 1957 Nobel Prize in physics, and also earned Wu the inaugural Wolf Prize in Physics a mere two decades later in 1978. Her expertise in experimental physics evoked comparisons to Marie Curie. Her nicknames include "the First Lady of Physics", "the Chinese Madame Curie", and the "Queen of Nuclear Research".

neg: Chen Yu'ao Chen Yu'ao () is a professor of physics at the University of Science and Technology of China (USTC), working on quantum information, quantum communication and quantum simulation.

neg: Fan Haifu Fan Haifu (; born 15 August 1933) is a Chinese physicist. He is a member of the Chinese Academy of Sciences and The World Academy of Sciences.

neg: James E. McDonald James Edward McDonald (May 7, 1920 – June 13, 1971) was an American physicist. He is best known for his research regarding UFOs. McDonald was senior physicist at the Institute for Atmospheric Physics and professor in the Department of Meteorology, University of Arizona, Tucson.

neg: Warren Elliot Henry Dr. Warren Henry (February 18, 1909 – October 31, 2001) was an American physicist who made significant contributions to the advancement of science and technology and education, training and mentoring several generations of physicists. Nearly seven decades of work in the fields of magnetism and superconductivity have earned him praise as one of the most eminent African-American scientists in U.S. history.

neg: Moses H. W. Chan Moses Hung-Wai Chan (陳鴻渭) is a physics professor at Penn State University, where he holds the rank of Evan Pugh Professor. He is an alumnus of Bridgewater College and Cornell University, where he earned his Ph.D. in 1974 and was a Postdoctoral Associate at Duke University. He has been a professor at Penn State's University Park Campus since 1979.

neg: Mark G. Raizen Mark George Raizen is a physicist who conducts experiments on quantum optics and atom optics.

neg: Tai Tsun Wu Tai Tsun Wu (, September 1, 1933) is a Chinese-born American physicist and applied physicist well known for his contributions to high-energy nuclear physics and statistical mechanics.

neg: Louis Winslow Austin Louis Winslow Austin (October 30, 1867 – June 27, 1932) was an American physicist known for his research on long-range radio transmissions.

neg: Walter Heitler Walter Heinrich Heitler (] ; 2 January 1904 – 15 November 1981) was a German physicist who made contributions to quantum electrodynamics and quantum field theory. He brought chemistry under quantum mechanics through his theory of valence bonding.

neg: Quirino Majorana Quirino Majorana (28 October 1871 – 31 July 1957) was an experimental physicist who investigated a wide range of phenomena during his long career as professor of physics at the Universities of Rome, Turin (1916–1921), and Bologna (1921–1934), Italy.

neg: Robert Pound Robert Vivian Pound (May 16, 1919 – April 12, 2010) was an American physicist who helped discover nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) and who devised the famous Pound–Rebka experiment supporting general relativity. He became a tenured professor of physics at Harvard without ever having received a graduate degree.

neg: Hui Chen Hui Chen is an American physicist, currently at Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory and an Elected Fellow of the American Physical Society.

neg: Robert Woodrow Wilson Robert Woodrow Wilson (born January 10, 1936) is an American astronomer, 1978 Nobel laureate in physics, who with Arno Allan Penzias discovered in 1964 the cosmic microwave background radiation (CMB). The award purse was also shared with a third scientist, Pyotr Leonidovich Kapitsa, for unrelated work.

neg: Werner Israel Werner Israel, {'1': ", '2': ", '3': ", '4': "} (born October 4, 1931) is a world renowned physicist, author, researcher, and professor at the University of Victoria.

neg: Lu Jeu Sham Lu Jeu, Sham (Chinese: 沈呂九) (born April 28, 1938) is a Chinese physicist. He is best known for his work with Walter Kohn on the Kohn–Sham equations.

neg: Li Yinyuan Li Yinyuan (; 22 June 1919 – 22 August 2016) was a Chinese physicist and an academician of the Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS).

neg: Alfred Bucherer Alfred Heinrich Bucherer (* 9 July 1863 in Cologne; † 16 April 1927 in Bonn) was a German physicist, who is known for his experiments on relativistic mass. He also was the first who used the phrase "theory of relativity" for Einstein's theory of special relativity.

neg: Abraham Zelmanov Abraham Zelmanov (May 15, 1913 – February 2, 1987), was a prominent scientist working in the General Theory of Relativity and cosmology. He first constructed, in 1944, the complete mathematical method to calculate physical observable quantities in the General Theory of Relativity (the theory of chronometric invariants). Applying the mathematical apparatus, in the 1940s, he established the basics of the theory of inhomogeneous anisotropic universe, where he determined specific kinds of all cosmological models — scenarios of evolution — which could be theoretically conceivable for a truly inhomogeneous and anisotropic Universe in the framework of Einstein's theory.

neg: Theodor W. Hänsch Theodor Wolfgang Hänsch (born 30 October 1941) is a German physicist. He received one fourth of the 2005 Nobel Prize in Physics for "contributions to the development of laser-based precision spectroscopy, including the optical frequency comb technique", sharing the prize with John L. Hall and Roy J. Glauber.

neg: Laurens W. Molenkamp Laurens W. Molenkamp is a Professor of physics and Chair of Experimental Physics at the University of Würzburg. He is known for his work on semiconductor structures and topological insulators.


query: Valley Apparel LLC is a brand of clothing that consists of what type of casual jacket that was originally created for military pilots, and eventually became part of popular culture and apparel?

pos: Valley Apparel L.L.C. Valley Apparel L.L.C. is a United States brand of clothing consisting of Flight jackets and military outerwear manufactured in Knoxville, Tennessee for the United States Armed Forces. Founded in 1959 and independent since 2000, Valley specializes in military style apparel for both the consumer market and military customers in the United States Department of Defense (DOD).

pos: Flight jacket A flight jacket is a casual jacket that was originally created for military pilots and eventually became part of popular culture and apparel. It has evolved into various different styles and silhouettes including the 'letterman' jacket and the fashionable 'bomber' jacket that is known today.

neg: Bodysuit A bodysuit or shorthand body is a one-piece form-fitting garment that covers the torso and the crotch. The style of a basic bodysuit is similar to a one-piece swimsuit and a leotard, though the materials may vary. A bodysuit, unlike a swimsuit or leotard, has snaps, hooks or velcro at the crotch. A bodysuit may have sleeves and varying shoulder strap and collar styles. Bodysuits can be made from a number of fabrics, including cotton, lace, nylon, etc. In general, textile bodysuits include expandable fiber such as spandex for a better fit to the shape of the body.

neg: Army Combat Shirt The Army Combat Shirt (ACS) is a flame-resistant shirt developed and used by the United States Army as a supplementary addition to the Army Combat Uniform. The ACS is a stand-alone shirt designed specifically for use with Improved Outer Tactical Vest armor in warm and hot weather instead of the blouse. It is intended to greatly increase user comfort through the use of lightweight, moisture-wicking, and breathable fabrics. The ACS was created in conjunction with the USMC's Flame Resistant Organizational Gear (FROG). The ACS, in conjunction with the Fire Resistant ACU (FRACU) trousers, provides head-to-toe protection against burns.

neg: Flak jacket A flak jacket or flak vest is a form of body armor designed to provide protection from case fragments ("frag") from high explosive weaponry, such as anti-aircraft artillery ("flak" a German contraction for "Fliegerabwehrkanone" ("aircraft-defense gun")), grenades, some round shot used in shotguns and land mines and other lower-velocity projectiles. It is not designed to protect against bullets fired from small arms such as rifles or handguns. However, certain flak jackets are able to sustain certain gunshots, depending on the armor, the projectile, and the range from which the shot was fired.

neg: Goggle jacket Goggle jackets are a hooded windproof type jacket released in 1988 made by C.P. Company for the sponsoring of Mille Miglia and open car endurance race and became popular across Europe and in Britain. They zip up to cover the head and face completely, except for two built-in goggles, sometimes covered with transparent mesh or various lenses and sometimes including a mesh mouth area for ease of breathing.

neg: War bonnet War bonnets (also called warbonnets or headdresses) are feathered headgear traditionally worn by male leaders of the American Plains Indians Nations who have earned a place of great respect in their tribe. Originally they were sometimes worn into battle, but they are now primarily used for ceremonial occasions. They are seen as items of great spiritual and political importance, only to be worn by those who have earned the right and honour through formal recognition by their People.

neg: Battledress A battledress is a type of uniform used as combat uniforms, as opposed to dress uniforms or formal uniform worn at parades and functions. In American English, the term fatigues is often used, originally being a term for soldiers' work uniforms. The battledress is generally camouflaged, either in monochrome such as a shade of green or brown to approximate the background, or in a disruptive pattern.

neg: Skeleton suit A skeleton suit was an outfit of clothing for small boys, popular from about 1790 to the late 1820s, after which it increasingly lost favor with the advent of trousers. It consisted of a tight short- or long-sleeved coat or jacket buttoned to a pair of high-waisted trousers. Skeleton suits are often described as one of the earliest fashions to be specifically tailored for children, rather than being adult fashions sized down. Previously (and subsequently) young boys wore dresses until they were breeched, or put into trousers.

neg: Motoring hood A motoring hood or driving hood was an unusual and short-lived women's fashion dating to the turn of the 19th to 20th century whose purpose was to protect the wearer from dirt and dust while riding in an automobile.

neg: Avirex Avirex is an American company that designs, manufactures and markets clothing lines. It was founded by Jeff Clyman in 1975 as a brand for military apparel. Contrary to popular belief, Avirex was not a U.S. military supplier during World War II. In 1987 the company became an official Government contract supplier with A-2 jackets for the United States Air Force.

neg: Icelandic tail-cap The Icelandic tail-cap or skotthúfa is a typical part of the Icelandic national costume. Originally it was only worn by men, but starting in the 18th century women started to wear it along with the "peysa", a men's jacket with a single row of buttons creating the proto-"peysuföt". Later it was adopted for the bodice-dress ("upphlutsbúningur" ).

neg: Straitjacket A straitjacket is a garment shaped like a jacket with overlong sleeves and is typically used to restrain a person who may otherwise cause harm to him/herself or others. Once the arms are inserted into the straitjacket's sleeves, they are then crossed across the chest. The ends of the sleeves are then tied to the back of the wearer, ensuring that the arms are kept close to the chest with as little movement as possible.

neg: Slim Jeans Slim Jeans was the name of a weight-reducing product heavily marketed in the United States through television commercials in the 1980s. Slim Jeans were a pair of pants, very unlike jeans and more like sweatpants, made of a silver reflective material. They were supposed to help the wearer lose weight by trapping body heat and promoting the loss of "water weight" through sweating. Slim Jeans also came with a hooded sweatshirt made of the same material. The product and commercial, which became the subject of discussion on X-Entertainment, are considered by some to be unintentionally comic.

neg: Flight suit A flight suit is a full body garment, worn while flying aircraft such as military airplanes, gliders and helicopters. These suits are generally made to keep the wearer warm, as well as being practical (plenty of pockets), and durable (including fire retardant). Its appearance is usually similar to a jumpsuit. A military flight suit may also show rank insignia. It is sometimes used as a combat uniform in close quarters battle or visit, board, search, and seizure situations, for its practicality.

neg: Field jacket Field jacket can refer to any one of several US Military jackets:

neg: Facing colour A facing colour is a common tailoring technique for European military uniforms where the visible inside lining of a standard military jacket, coat or tunic is of a different colour to that of the garment itself. The jacket lining evolved to be of different coloured material, then of specific hues. Accordingly when the material was turned back on itself: the cuffs, lapels and tails of the jacket exposed the contrasting colours of the lining or facings, enabling ready visual distinction of different units: regiments, divisions or battalions each with their own specific and prominent colours. While a popular practice in 18th century armies, the use of facings was especially observed and elaborated on during the Napoleonic Wars.

neg: VF Corporation VF Corporation is an American worldwide apparel and footwear company founded in 1899 and headquartered in Greensboro, North Carolina. The company’s more than 30 brands are organized into five product categories: Outdoor & Action Sports, Jeanswear, Imagewear, Sportswear and Contemporary Brands. The company controls 55% of the U.S. backpack market with the Jansport, Eastpak, Timberland and North Face brands.

neg: Air Warrior (U.S. Army) Air Warrior (AW) is a modular, integrated, rapidly reconfigurable combat aircrew ensemble designed for U.S. Army aircrews. Previous aviation life support equipment consisted of a non-integrated assemblage of protective and survival gear. AW uses a systems approach to equipping the aircrew and closes the capability gap between human and machine. Fielded incrementally in blocks to rapidly provide enhanced capabilities to the warfighter, AW leverages and integrates clothing and equipment, such as the Army Aircrew Combat Uniform and ballistic protection, from other product managers. As of April 2010, more than 18,000 AW systems had been fielded in support of OIF and OEF.

neg: Jupe (jacket) A jupe referred to a loose-fitting wool jacket or tunic for men. It was later restricted to an item of women's and children's clothing.

neg: Telogreika Telogreika (Russian: телогре́йка ; ] ; lit. "body warmer") or vatnik (Russian: ватник ; ] ) is a Russian kind of warm cotton wool-padded jacket. It was also a part of winter uniform first issued by the Red Army during World War II. Telogreikas continued to be issued until the late 1960s.

neg: Dép lốp The dép lốp (dép "sandal" lốp "tire rubber") are a form of sandal in Vietnam made from recycled tires. The sandals, along with the khăn rằn scarf, were a distinctive clothing of Vietnamese soldiers. These shoes were often called "Ho Chi Minh sandals" by Americans.


query: What profession does Izu Ojukwu and Fred Savage have in common?

pos: Izu Ojukwu Izu Ojukwu is a Nigerian film director. In 2007 he won "Best Director" for "Sitanda" at the 3rd Africa Movie Academy Awards, which received nine nominations and won five awards at the event, including "Best Picture" and "Best Nigerian Film".

pos: Fred Savage Frederick Aaron "Fred" Savage (born July 9, 1976) is an American actor, television director, and producer. He is best known for his role as Kevin Arnold in the American television series "The Wonder Years", which ran from 1988 to 1993. He has earned several awards and nominations, such as People's Choice Awards and Young Artist Awards.

neg: Steve Rhodes (musician) Steve Rhodes (April 1926 - May 2008) was a Nigerian broadcaster and musician who founded the Steve Rhodes Orchestra in 1970. He was Fela Kuti's manager in the 1960s and was source of inspiration for many Nigerian musicians who started out in the 1960s and 1970s.

neg: Ted Savage Theodore Savage, Jr. (born as Ephesian Savage on February 21, 1936 in Venice, Illinois), was an outfielder in Major League Baseball who played from 1962 to 1971. He played for eight teams in a nine-year major league career.

neg: Edwin Savage Edwin Sidney Savage (28 February 1862 — 26 October 1947) was a British priest in the Church of England and an author.

neg: Marshall Savage Marshall Thomas Savage (born 1955), is an advocate of space travel who wrote "" and founded the Living Universe Foundation, which was designed to make plans for stellar exploration over the next 1,000 years.

neg: Savages (1972 film) Savages is a 1972 Merchant Ivory Film directed by James Ivory and screenplay by George W. S. Trow and Michael O'Donoghue, based on an idea by Ivory.

neg: Chukwu Chukwu is the supreme being of the Igbo religion. In the Igbo pantheon, Chukwu is the source of all other Igbo deities, and is responsible for assigning them their different tasks. The Igbo people believe that all things come from Chukwu, who brings the rains necessary for plants to grow and controls everything on earth and the spiritual world. They believe Chukwu to be an infinitely powerful, undefinable, supreme deity encompassing everything in space and space itself.

neg: Horatio Agedah Horatio Nelson Oyenke Agedah OFR,JP.LL.B Hons(London)B.L.FNIM;FNGE;FNBS (born in Odi, Nigeria on 24 July 1929, died 31 October 2007) was a Nigerian journalist, broadcaster, administrator and lawyer.

neg: Dan Savage bibliography American author Dan Savage (born October 7, 1964) has written six books, op-ed pieces in "The New York Times", and an advice column on sexual issues in "The Stranger" (an alternative newspaper from Seattle, Washington). A graduate of the University of Illinois at Urbana–Champaign, Savage began contributing a column, "Savage Love", to "The Stranger" from its inception in 1991. By 1998 his column had a readership of four million. He was Associate Editor at the newspaper from 1991 to 2001, when he became its editor-in-chief, later becoming its editorial director in 2007.

neg: Josephine Oluseyi Williams Josephine Oluseyi Williams (born March 10, 1957) is a Nigerian financial expert, Public administrator and former Lagos State Head of Service.

neg: Percy Savage Donald Percival "Percy" Savage (12 October 1926 – 12 August 2008) was an Australian fashion publicist, designer, artist, raconteur and bon viveur. He left Australia as a 20-year-old, and spent the rest of his life living and working in Europe. He was the first person to be employed in a public relations capacity in Haute Couture and is considered to be the original inspiration and instigator of celebrity fashion publicity. During the 1950s and 1960s, Savage was regarded as 'the undisputed prince of public relations for the Paris fashion world.'

neg: Igwe Okafo Igwe Okafo(born 1830-1891) was the 16th Obi of Otolo and Igwe of Nnewi kingdom. He was the traditional supreme ruler and spiritual leader in Nnewi, an Igbo city in Nigeria. He is a member of the Nnofo Royal lineage and the successor to his father Eze Ukwu. Unlike most Igbo monarchies, there were kings of Nnewi before the arrival of Europeans.

neg: Ojiako Ezenne His Royal Highness, "Ogbuefi" Ojiako Ezenne (1857–1944) was a member of the Igbo tribe who was appointed by the Colonial government to serve as Warrant Chief (1914–1921) and then Paramount Chief (1921–1944), of Adazi-Nnukwu, currently in Anambra State in Nigeria. As the new protectorate government, did not in all cases impose a new royal family on native populations, but recognised the ancient ruling families based on Ofo seniority across villages, Ojiako Ezenne as the holder of the "Ofo Ozo Okpalaekili", the oldest Ozo title in Adazi-Nnukwu, became the first African to serve as President of the Agulu Customary Court in 1914, having already served as clan chief between 1907 and 1914 of Amolu Clan, the senior clan in Adazi-Nnukwu. Ojiako Ezenne was a contemporary of Warrant Chiefs such as Muoyekwu Onyiuke of Nimo, Amobi of Ogidi and Nnama Orjiakor of Nibo. Identified by the Colonial Distinct Office, as serving with an excellent record, Ojiako Ezenne on February 1, 1915, chaired the meeting of forty-five Warrant Chiefs in South-East Nigeria that enacted laws terminating the practice of slavery in South-East Nigeria, thus pitting him in direct confrontation with the Aro slave dealers.

neg: Ogbanje An Ọgbanje (strictly "Ọgbanje" and cannot be substituted with "Ọbanje", the "gb" forms a single consonant in Igbo language) is a term in Ọdịnanị for what was believed to be an evil spirit that would deliberately plague a family with misfortune. Its literal translation in the Igbo language is "children who come and go". It was believed that within a certain amount of time from birth (usually not past puberty), the Ọgbanje would deliberately die and then come back and repeat the cycle causing the family grief. Female circumcision was sometimes thought to get rid of the evil spirit, whereas finding the evil spirits "Iyi-ụwa", which they had dug somewhere secret, would ensure the Ọgbanje would never plague the family with misfortune again. The "Iyi-ụwa" was the Ọgbanje's way of coming back to the world and also a way of finding its targeted family.

neg: Aize Obayan Aize Oloigbe Imouokhome (born March 4 1960) is a Nigerian educational administrator and a Professor of Counselling with specialization in Multicultural aspects of Human Behavioural Disposition.

neg: Wilberforce Echezona Wilberforce William Chukudinka Echezona was a Nigerian musicologist and a pioneer teacher of music in Nigerian universities. He was the first Igbo man to be educated at London's Trinity College of Music, and the first African to obtain a degree in music education in the United States, where he received a PhD from Michigan State University in 1963.

neg: Jeff Unaegbu Jeff Unaegbu (born Elochukwu Jephthah Unaegbu on October 1, 1979) is a Nigerian writer, actor, artist and documentary film maker, the author of eight books

neg: Afeez Oyetoro Afeez Oyetoro (born August 20, 1963) is a Nigerian comic actor, popularly known as "Saka".

neg: Soni Oyekan Soni Olufemi Olubunmi Oyekan is a Nigerian-American chemical engineer.

neg: Chuk Iwuji Chukwudi Iwuji (born 1975, Nigeria), usually shortened to Chuk Iwuji or Chuck Iwuji, is a Nigerian-born British actor.

neg: Bruce Savage William Bruce Savage is a retired U.S. soccer defender. He played four seasons in the North American Soccer League, nine in Major Indoor Soccer League and earned sixteen caps with the U.S. national team between 1983 and 1992. On March 12, 2014 it was announced that he would be a 2014 inductee into the Indoor Soccer Hall of Fame. He currently coaches youth soccer in Florida.


query: Argyll's Rising was to overthrow what king who was the last Roman Catholic monarch of England, Scotland, and Ireland?

pos: Argyll's Rising Argyll's Rising or Argyll's Rebellion was a 1685 attempt by a group of largely Scottish exiles, led by Archibald Campbell, 9th Earl of Argyll, to overthrow King James II and VII. It took place shortly before and in support of the Monmouth Rebellion, led by James Scott, 1st Duke of Monmouth. Argyll's Rising was intended to tie down Royal forces in Scotland while Monmouth's army marched on London. Both rebellions were backed by Protestants opposed to the kingship of James, a Roman Catholic.

pos: James II of England James II and VII (14 October 1633 – 16 September 1701) was King of England and Ireland as James II and King of Scotland as James VII, from 6 February 1685 until he was deposed in the Glorious Revolution of 1688. He was the last Roman Catholic monarch of England, Scotland and Ireland.

neg: Roman Catholic Diocese of Argyll and the Isles The Roman Catholic Diocese of Argyll and the Isles (Latin "Diocesis Ergadiensis et Insularum") is an ecclesiastical territory or diocese of the Roman Catholic Church in Scotland, in the Province of Saint Andrews and Edinburgh.

neg: William Russell, Lord Russell William Russell, Lord Russell (29 September 1639 – 21 July 1683), was an English politician. He was a leading member of the Country Party, forerunners of the Whigs, who laid the groundwork opposition in the House of Commons of England to the concept of a reign of an openly Catholic King (James II) during the reign of King Charles II but ultimately resulted in his execution for treason, almost two years before King Charles died and James acceded to the throne.

neg: Cromwell (disambiguation) Oliver Cromwell (1599–1658) was an English military and political leader and later Lord Protector of the Commonwealth of England, Scotland and Ireland.

neg: William IV of the United Kingdom William IV (William Henry; 21 August 1765 – 20 June 1837) was King of the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland and King of Hanover from 26 June 1830 until his death. The third son of George III and younger brother and successor to George IV, he was the last king and penultimate monarch of Britain's House of Hanover.

neg: Battle of Scarrifholis The Battle of Scarrifholis was fought in County Donegal in the north-west of Ireland on 21 June 1650, during the Irish Confederate Wars – part of the Wars of the Three Kingdoms (Irish: "Cogadh na dTrí Ríocht"). It was fought between the Ulster Army (Catholic), commanded by Heber MacMahon, Roman Catholic Bishop of Clogher, and an English Parliamentarian army commanded by Charles Coote, 1st Earl of Mountrath and composed of troops from the New Model Army and local Ulster Protestant settlers. The battle resulted in the annihilation of the Ulster army and the loss of most of its weapons and supplies. This secured the north of Ireland for the English Parliament and contributed greatly to the Cromwellian conquest of Ireland.

neg: Oliver Cromwell Oliver Cromwell (25 April 15993 September 1658) was an English military and political leader and later Lord Protector of the Commonwealth of England, Scotland, and Ireland.

neg: John Campbell (bishop of Argyll) John Campbell (Scottish Gaelic: "Iain Caimbeul" ) (died 1613) was a Scottish clergyman who served as the Bishop of Argyll from 1611 to 1613.

neg: Protestant Revolution (Maryland) The Protestant Revolution of 1689, sometimes called "Coode's Rebellion" after one of its leaders, John Coode, took place in the Province of Maryland when Puritans, by then a substantial majority in the colony, revolted against the proprietary government led by the Roman Catholic Charles Calvert, 3rd Baron Baltimore. The rebellion followed the "Glorious Revolution" in England of 1688, which saw the Protestant Monarchs William III and Mary II, replace the English, Catholic monarch, King James II. The Lords Baltimore lost control of their proprietary colony, and for the next 25 years, Maryland would be ruled directly by the British Crown. The Protestant Revolution also saw the effective end of Maryland's early experiments with religious toleration, as Catholicism was outlawed, and Roman Catholics forbidden from holding public office. Religious toleration would not be restored in Maryland until after the American Revolution.

neg: Irish Confederate Wars The Irish Confederate Wars, also called the Eleven Years' War (derived from the Irish language name "Cogadh na hAon Bhliana Déag"), took place in Ireland between 1641 and 1653. It was the Irish theatre of the Wars of the Three Kingdoms – a series of civil wars in the kingdoms of Ireland, England and Scotland (all ruled by Charles I). The conflict in Ireland essentially started by pitting the native Irish Catholics against English and Scottish Protestant colonists and their supporters, and ended with Royalists, Irish Catholics and Scottish Presbyterians fighting the ultimate winners, the English Parliament. It was both a religious and an ethnic conflict – fought over who would govern Ireland, whether it would be governed from England, which ethnic and religious group would own most of the land, and which religion would predominate in the country. It was the most destructive conflict in Irish history.

neg: George Wade Field Marshal George Wade {'1': ", '2': ", '3': ", '4': "} (1673 – 14 March 1748) was a British Army officer who served in the Nine Years' War, War of the Spanish Succession, Jacobite rising of 1715 and War of the Quadruple Alliance before leading the construction of barracks, bridges and proper roads in Scotland. He went on to be a military commander during the War of the Austrian Succession and Commander-in-Chief of the Forces during the Jacobite rising of 1745.

neg: Edmund Mortimer, 5th Earl of March Edmund de Mortimer, 5th Earl of March and 7th Earl of Ulster (6 November 1391 – 18 January 1425) was an English nobleman. A great-great-grandson of King Edward III of England, he was heir presumptive to King Richard II of England, his first cousin twice removed, when Richard II was deposed in favour of Henry IV. Edmund Mortimer's claim to the throne was the basis of rebellions and plots against Henry IV and his son Henry V, and was later taken up by the House of York in the Wars of the Roses, though Mortimer himself was an important and loyal vassal of Henry V and Henry VI. Edmund Mortimer was the last Earl of March of the Mortimer family.

neg: Catholic Church in Scotland The Catholic Church in Scotland (Scottish Gaelic: "An Eaglais Chaitligeach" ; Scots: "Catholic Kirk" ), overseen by the Scottish Bishops' Conference, is part of the worldwide Catholic Church headed by the Pope. After being firmly established in Scotland for nearly a millennium, the Catholic Church was outlawed following the Scottish Reformation in 1560. Catholic Emancipation in 1793 helped Catholics regain civil rights. In 1878, the Catholic hierarchy was formally restored. Throughout these changes, several pockets in Scotland retained a significant pre-Reformation Catholic population, including parts of Banffshire, the Hebrides, and more northern parts of the Scottish Highlands.

neg: Edward VI of England Edward VI (12 October 1537 – 6 July 1553) was King of England and Ireland from 28 January 1547 until his death. He was crowned on 20 February at the age of nine. The son of Henry VIII and Jane Seymour, Edward was England's first monarch to be raised as a Protestant. During his reign, the realm was governed by a Regency Council because he never reached his majority. The Council was first led by his uncle Edward Seymour, 1st Duke of Somerset (1547–1549), and then by John Dudley, 1st Earl of Warwick, from 1551 Duke of Northumberland.

neg: Exclusion Crisis The Exclusion Crisis ran from 1679 through 1681 in the reign of King Charles II of England, Scotland and Ireland. Three Exclusion bills sought to exclude the King's brother and heir presumptive, James, Duke of York, from the thrones of England, Scotland and Ireland because he was Roman Catholic. None became law. Two new parties formed. The Tories were opposed to this exclusion while the "Country Party", who were soon to be called the Whigs, supported it.

neg: John Talbot, 16th Earl of Shrewsbury John Talbot, 16th Earl of Shrewsbury, 16th Earl of Waterford (1791–1852) was a British peer and aristocrat. Sometimes known as "Good Earl John", he has been described as "the most prominent British Catholic of his day", although he was the last Earl of Shrewsbury to follow the Catholic faith. John was also Lord High Steward of Ireland, an office the Earls of Shrewsbury have held since 1446.

neg: Benedict Calvert, 4th Baron Baltimore Benedict Leonard Calvert, 4th Baron Baltimore (21 March 1679 – 16 April 1715) was an English nobleman and politician. He was the second son of Charles Calvert, 3rd Baron Baltimore (1637–1715) by Jane Lowe, and became his father's heir upon the death of his elder brother Cecil in 1681. The 3rd Lord Baltimore was a devout Roman Catholic, and had lost his title to the Province of Maryland shortly after the events of the Glorious Revolution in 1688, which saw the Protestant monarchs William III and Mary II accede to the British throne. Benedict Calvert would make strenuous attempts to have his family's title to Maryland restored by renouncing Roman Catholicism and joining the Church of England.

neg: Battle of Dunbar (1650) The Battle of Dunbar (3 September 1650) was a battle of the Third English Civil War. The English Parliamentarian forces under Oliver Cromwell defeated a Scottish army commanded by David Leslie which was loyal to King Charles II, who had been proclaimed King of Scots and crowned at Scone. Charles was pronounced King of Great Britain, Ireland and France on 5 February 1649. The battlefield has been inventoried and protected by Historic Scotland under the Historic Environment (Amendment) Act 2011.

neg: Wexford Martyrs The Wexford Martyrs were Matthew Lambert, Robert Myler, Edward Cheevers, Patrick Cavanagh ("Irish": Pádraigh Caomhánach), John O'Lahy, and one other unknown individual. In 1581, they were found guilty of treason for aiding in the escape of James Eustace, 3rd Viscount Baltinglass; for refusing to take the Oath of Supremacy which declared Elizabeth I of England to be the head of the Church; and for conveying Catholic priests, laymen, and a Jesuit out of Ireland. On 5 July 1581, they were hanged, drawn and quartered in Wexford, Ireland. They were subsequently Beatified by Pope John Paul II.

neg: Secret Treaty of Dover The Treaty of Dover, also known as the Secret Treaty of Dover, was a treaty between England and France signed at Dover on 1 June 1670. It required that Charles II of England would convert to the Roman Catholic Church and assist Louis XIV with 60 warships to help and 4000 soldiers in France's war of conquest against the Dutch Republic. In exchange, Charles would secretly receive a yearly pension of £230,000, as well as an extra sum of money when Charles informed the English people of his conversion, and France would send 6,000 French troops if there was ever a rebellion against Charles in England. The secret treaty was signed by Arlington, Arundell, Clifford and Bellings for England and Colbert de Croissy for France. Both kings exchanged letters of ratification and kept secret the existence of the treaty, A public treaty of Dover was also negotiated, but it was a fake designed for propaganda and to hide the religious dimension of the secret treaty. The Third Anglo-Dutch War was a direct consequence of this treaty. The actual treaty was published by historians a century later.

neg: John Stuart, 3rd Earl of Bute John Stuart, 3rd Earl of Bute, ( ; 25 May 1713 – 10 March 1792) was a Scottish nobleman who served as Prime Minister of Great Britain (1762–1763) under George III. He was arguably the last important favourite in British politics. He was the first Prime Minister from Scotland following the Acts of Union in 1707 and the first Tory to have held the office.


query: In what year did Family Fued's host mistakenly announce the winner of Miss Universe?

pos: Ariadna Gutiérrez Ariadna María Gutiérrez Arévalo (born December 25, 1993) is a Colombian actress, model, and beauty pageant titleholder who won Miss Colombia 2014 and placed 1st runner-up in Miss Universe 2015. She is best known for being mistakenly announced as the winner of Miss Universe 2015 by host Steve Harvey.

pos: Steve Harvey Broderick Stephen "Steve" Harvey (born January 17, 1957) is an American comedian, television host, producer, radio personality, actor, and author. He hosts "The Steve Harvey Morning Show", the "Steve Harvey" talk show, "Family Feud", "Little Big Shots" and its spinoff "", and "Steve Harvey's Funderdome".

neg: Stevi Perry Stevi Lauren Perry (born July 5, 1990) is an American TV host and beauty queen who was crowned Miss Teen USA 2008.

neg: Eunice Olsen Eunice Olsen (born 24 October 1977) is a Singaporean actress, TV Host and beauty pageant titleholder known for having been the winner of the Miss Singapore Universe pageant in 2000.

neg: Miss Universe Miss Universe is an annual international beauty pageant that is run by the Miss Universe Organization. Along with its rival contests, Miss World and Miss Earth, this pageant is one of the most important and publicized beauty pageants in the world. It is held in more than 190 countries worldwide and seen by more than half a billion people annually. The Miss Universe Organization and the brand is currently owned, along with Miss USA and Miss Teen USA, by WME/IMG.

neg: Miss Earth 2008 Miss Earth 2008, the eighth edition of Miss Earth pageant, was held on 9 November 2008 at the Clark Expo Amphitheater in Angeles, Pampanga, Philippines. Eighty-five delegates arrived from 19 October 2008 in Philippines. The pageant was broadcast live via ABS-CBN and coverage since on Studio 23 in the Philippines and to many countries worldwide via Star World, The Filipino Channel and other partner networks.<ref name="globalnation.inquirer-news/breakingnews/view/20081110–171362/RP-bet-crowned-Ms-Earth-2008"> </ref>

neg: Queenie Chu Queenie Chu or Queenie Chu Wai Man (Traditional Chinese:朱慧敏), born in Hong Kong, on April 22, 1981 with family roots in Shunde, Guangdong, China, is a Hong Kong television presenter and actress affiliated with TVB. She was also Miss Hong Kong 2004 1st runner-up.

neg: Michelle McLean Michelle McLean (born 31 July 1972 in Windhoek) is a Namibian actress, writer, model and beauty queen who was crowned Miss Universe in 1992. She was 19 years old when she represented Namibia and became the first (and so far only) woman from Namibia to win the crown. McLean was only the second woman after Ronel Liebenberg to represent Namibia as an independent country.

neg: Miss International 1985 The 25th Miss International pageant was held on 15 September 1985 at Tsukuba's Expo Plaza. The pageant was hosted by Masumi Okada. this was the first time that Venezuela won the title of Miss International.

neg: Kris Aquino Kristina Bernadette "Kris" Cojuangco Aquino (born February 14, 1971) is a Filipino talk show host, actress, producer, entrepreneur, product endorser, and writer. Dubbed the "Queen of All Media," she has hosted talk shows and game shows, and has also starred in movies and selected television series. She is the youngest daughter of former Philippine senator Benigno S. Aquino, Jr., and Corazon Cojuangco-Aquino, who served as the 11th President of the Philippines. Her brother is Benigno S. Aquino, III, who served as the 15th President of the Philippines.

neg: Miss Universe 1958 Miss Universe 1958, the 7th Miss Universe pageant, was held on 26 July 1958 in Long Beach, California, United States. 36 contestants competed where finally, Miss Colombia, 19-year-old Luz Marina Zuluaga won the competition, and was crowned by Gladys Zender of Peru.

neg: Rina Mor Rina Mor-Goder (Hebrew: רינה מור-גודר  ; born Rina Messinger; February 16, 1956) is an Israeli lawyer, writer and beauty queen who won Miss Universe 1976.

neg: Miss Teen USA 2008 Miss Teen USA 2008, the 26th Miss Teen USA pageant, was held on August 16, 2008 at Grand Ballroom in the Atlantis Paradise Island, Nassau, Bahamas. This was the first Miss Teen USA pageant that was not televised, after then-Miss Universe Organization broadcast partner NBC failed to renew its contract, and it was also the first Miss Teen USA pageant broadcasting only online by Ustream and the first held outside the United States. The pageant was hosted by Seth Goldman and Miss Teen USA 2004, Shelley Hennig.

neg: Miss Universe 2006 Miss Universe 2006, the 55th Miss Universe pageant, was held on 23 July 2006 at the Shrine Auditorium in Los Angeles, California, United States. Zuleyka Rivera of Puerto Rico crowned by Natalie Glebova of Canada at the end of the event. 86 contestants competed for the crown.

neg: Gul Panag Gul Panag (born Gulkirat Kaur Panag, 3 January 1979; Chandigarh, India) is an Indian actress, voice actress, model, and former beauty queen who competed in the Miss Universe pageant.

neg: Miss Universe Malaysia 2010 The "Miss Universe Malaysia 2010" also referred to as The Next Miss Universe Malaysia 2010 is the 46th edition of the Miss Universe Malaysia pageant which was held at the Royale Chulan Hotel, Kuala Lumpur on May 16, 2010 where the reigning winner Joannabelle Ng of Sabah crowned her successor Nadine Thomas from Selangor at the end of the event.

neg: Paula Ferrada She held the title of Miss Belleza Juvenil in Colombia in 1994 and was the hostess of a local TV program called "Super Bien" in her home town. She had roles in sporadic episodes of the Colombian comedy "O todos en la cama". She then pursued a modeling career and participated in more than 50 TV commercials.

neg: Miss Universe UK 2008 The Miss Universe UK 2008 pageant was held on May 4, 2008. That year only 50 candidates competed for the national crown. The chosen winner represents the United Kingdom at Miss Universe 2008. The runner up will represent the country in different International pageants.

neg: Yamani Saied Yamani Esther Saied Calviño (born May 12, 1978 in Ciudad de Panamá Panamá) is a Panamanian model and beauty pageant contestant winner of the Señorita Panamá 1998. She also represented Panama in the Miss Universe 1999, the "48th Miss Universe". The pageant was held at Chaguaramas Convention Centre, Chaguaramas, Trinidad and Tobago on May 26, 1999.

neg: Claudia Cruz Claudia Julissa Cruz Rodríguez (born February 5, 1986 in Bonao) is a Dominican actress, TV Host, model and beauty pageant titleholder who represented her country at the Miss World 2004 pageant.

neg: Pia Wurtzbach Pia Alonzo Wurtzbach (born 24 September 1989), formerly known in the Philippine entertainment and modeling industry as Pia Romero and, later, Pia Wurtzbach, is a Filipino-German actress, TV host, model and beauty queen who was crowned Miss Universe 2015 on 20 December 2015 after becoming Miss Universe Philippines 2015 at the Binibining Pilipinas 2015 pageant on 15 March 2015.

neg: Aída Yéspica Aída María Yéspica Jaime (] ) (born on 15 July 1982 in Barquisimeto, Venezuela) is a Venezuelan television personality, model, actress and former beauty pageant contestant active in show business in Venezuela, Italy, Spain and United States simply as Aída Yéspica.