query: What was the estimated population, in 2016, of the city for which Simon Scott designed artwork for some of the most visually engaging restaurants, clubs and bars?

pos: Simon Scott (painter) Simon (John) "Scotty" Scott (October 20, 1966 – August 8, 2014) was a British artist and musician, who played rock, punk, soul and country and specialized in a variety of media including commercial art, fine art and street art. His vibrant paintings and graphic artwork can be found throughout the lower Manhattan neighborhoods he loved to roam. He has designed artwork for some of New York City's most visually engaging restaurants, clubs and bars.

pos: New York City The City of New York, often called New York City or simply New York, is the most populous city in the United States. With an estimated 2016 population of 8,537,673 distributed over a land area of about 302.6 sqmi , New York City is also the most densely populated major city in the United States. Located at the southern tip of the state of New York, the city is the center of the New York metropolitan area, one of the most populous urban agglomerations in the world. A global power city, New York City exerts a significant impact upon commerce, finance, media and entertainment, art, fashion, research, technology, education, politics, and sports, its fast pace defining the term "New York minute". Home to the headquarters of the United Nations, New York is an important center for international diplomacy and has been described as the cultural, financial, and media capital of the world.

neg: Copenhagen Copenhagen (Danish: "København" ] ; Latin: "Hafnia" ) is the capital and most populous city of Denmark. The city has a population of 763,908 (as of 2016 ), of whom 601,448 live in the Municipality of Copenhagen. The larger urban area has a population of 1,280,371 (as of 01 2016 ), while the Copenhagen metropolitan area has just over 2 million inhabitants. Copenhagen is situated on the eastern coast of the island of Zealand; another small portion of the city is located on Amager, and is separated from Malmö, Sweden, by the strait of Øresund. The Øresund Bridge connects the two cities by rail and road.

neg: Scott Beale (cultural curator) Scott Beale (born May 30, 1968 in Dayton, OH) is a New York City based cultural curator, photographer, documentarian and social media expert who founded Laughing Squid, a blog about art, culture and technology and a web hosting company.

neg: Albuquerque, New Mexico Albuquerque ( ; Navajo: "Beeʼeldííl Dahsinil" /pèːʔèltíːl tɑ̀xsɪ̀nɪ̀l/) is the most populous city in the U.S. state of New Mexico. The high-elevation city serves as the county seat of Bernalillo County, and it is situated in the north central part of the state, straddling the Rio Grande. The city population is 559,277 as of the July 1, 2016 population estimate from the United States Census Bureau, and ranks as the 32nd-largest city in the U.S. The Albuquerque metropolitan statistical area (or MSA) has a population of 909,906 according to the United States Census Bureau's most recently available estimate for 2015. Albuquerque is the 60th-largest United States metropolitan area. The Albuquerque MSA population includes the city of Rio Rancho, Bernalillo, Placitas, Corrales, Los Lunas, Belen, Bosque Farms, and forms part of the larger Albuquerque–Santa Fe–Las Vegas combined statistical area, with a total population of 1,171,991 as of the July 1, 2016, Census Bureau estimates.

neg: Phoenix, Arizona Phoenix ( ) is the capital and most populous city of the U.S. state of Arizona. With 1,615,017 people (as of 2016 ), Phoenix is the fifth most populous city nationwide, the most populous state capital in the United States, and the only state capital with a population of more than one million residents.

neg: Toronto Toronto ( , ] ) is the most populous city in Canada and the provincial capital of Ontario. With a population in 2016 of 2,731,571, it is the fourth most populous city in North America after Mexico City, New York City, and Los Angeles. Toronto is the centre of the Greater Toronto Area (GTA), the most populous metropolitan area in Canada, and anchors the Golden Horseshoe, an urbanized region that is home to 9.2 million people, or over 26% of the population of Canada. A global city, Toronto is an international centre of business, finance, arts, and culture.

neg: Los Angeles Los Angeles ( ; Spanish for "The Angels"; ] ), officially the City of Los Angeles and often known by its initials L.A., is the cultural, financial, and commercial center of Southern California. With a U.S. Census-estimated 2016 population of 3,976,322, it is the second most populous city in the United States (after New York City) and the most populous city in the state of California. Located in a large coastal basin surrounded on three sides by mountains reaching up to and over 10000 ft , Los Angeles covers an area of about 469 sqmi . The city is also the seat of Los Angeles County, the most populated county in the country. Los Angeles is the center of the Los Angeles metropolitan area, with 13,131,431 residents, and is part of the larger designated Los Angeles-Long Beach combined statistical area (CSA), the second most populous in the nation with a 2015 estimated population of 18.7 million.

neg: Mississauga Mississauga is a city in the Canadian province of Ontario. Situated in Southern Ontario, it lies on the shores of Lake Ontario in the Regional Municipality of Peel. It is part of the Greater Toronto Area, to the west of Toronto. The city has a population of 721,599 as of the Canada 2016 Census, and is Canada's sixth-most populous municipality.

neg: Orlando, Florida Orlando ( ) is a city in the U.S. state of Florida and the county seat of Orange County. Located in Central Florida, it is the center of the Orlando metropolitan area, which had a population of 2,387,138, according to U.S. Census Bureau figures released in March 2016, making it the 24th-largest metropolitan area in the United States, the sixth-largest metropolitan area in the Southern United States, and the third-largest metropolitan area in Florida. As of 2015, Orlando had an estimated city-proper population of 270,934, making it the 73rd-largest city in the United States, the fourth-largest city in Florida, and the state's largest inland city.

neg: Adelaide Adelaide ( ) is the capital city of the state of South Australia, and the fifth-most populous city of Australia. In June 2016, Adelaide had an estimated resident population of 1,326,354. South Australia, with a total of 1.7 million inhabitants, has the most centralised population of any state in Australia, with more than 75 percent of its people living in greater Adelaide, while the other population centres in the state are relatively small.

neg: Laverton, Victoria Laverton is a suburb of Melbourne, Victoria, Australia, 17 km south-west of Melbourne's Central Business District, located within the Cities of Hobsons Bay and Wyndham local government areas. Laverton recorded a population of 4,915 at the 2016 Census.

neg: Miami Design District The Miami Design District is a creative neighborhood and shopping district dedicated to innovative fashion, design, art, architecture and home to a wide range of dining, entertainment, public art installations and shopping. Historically a part of Buena Vista neighborhood in Miami, Florida, United States, the 18-square block Design District is roughly bound by North 36 St (US 27) to the south, North 43rd Street to the north, West First Avenue to the west and Biscayne Boulevard to the east. After decades of falling urban decay, the Design District has risen to fame as a destination for the arts, design, and fashion. It is home to over 70 art galleries; more than 70 luxury boutiques with an additional 60 set to open in 2017, 12 restaurants and bars; showrooms; creative service companies; architecture firms; antiques dealers; private collecting museums including the Craig Robins Collection; and the de la Cruz Collection Contemporary Art Space, and in 2017, the Institute of Contemporary Art Miami (ICA).

neg: Ellenbrook, Western Australia Ellenbrook is a northeastern suburb of Perth, Western Australia, about 21 km from Perth's Central business district (CBD), located within the City of Swan. Ellenbrook, and its neighbouring suburbs of The Vines and Aveley, are unusual for Perth in being a significant distance from neighbouring suburbs. Given this relative isolation and the distance from the CBD, Ellenbrook has been designed and developed as a self-sustainable community. At June 2015 the estimated urban population for Ellenbrook and surrounds was 41,681. At the time of the 2011 census there were 16,284 people living in the gazetted suburb. It is envisioned that Ellenbrook will eventually become a satellite city, with a population of 80,000, however a more modest population prediction of 30,000 has been set for c. 2012. In June 2010 Rita Saffioti MLA stated that the population of Ellenbrook and neighbouring areas now stood at "over 25,000". Current City of Swan estimates forecast the population to increase to 37,150 by 2016 and 44,185 by 2021. Population in the City of Swan's nearby Urban Growth Corridor (roughly east of Whiteman Park) is forecast to reach 14,668 in the same period.

neg: Scottsdale, Arizona Scottsdale (O'odham: "Vaṣai S-vaṣonĭ" ; Yaqui: "Eskatel" ) is a city in the eastern part of Maricopa County, Arizona, adjacent to the Greater Phoenix Area. Named Scottsdale in 1894 after founder Winfield Scott and incorporated in 1951 with a population of 2,000, the 2015 population of the city is estimated to be 236,839 according to the U.S. Census Bureau. "The New York Times" described downtown Scottsdale as "a desert version of Miami's South Beach" and as having "plenty of late night partying and a buzzing hotel scene." Its slogan is "The West's Most Western Town."

neg: Archie Scott Gobber Archie Scott Gobber (born 1965, Warrensburg, Missouri) is an artist currently living and working in Kansas City, Missouri, who is known for eye-catching works that employ clever wordplay as a vehicle for social and political commentary.

neg: Staten Island Staten Island is one of the five boroughs of New York City in the U.S. state of New York. In the southwest of the city, Staten Island is the southernmost part of both the city and state of New York, with Conference House Park at the southern tip of the island and the state. The borough is separated from New Jersey by the Arthur Kill and the Kill Van Kull, and from the rest of New York by New York Bay. With a 2016 Census-estimated population of 476,015, Staten Island is the least populated of the boroughs but is the third-largest in area at 58 sqmi . Staten Island is the only borough of New York with a non-Hispanic White majority.

neg: Damion Scott Damion Scott (born 1976) is a comic book artist and writer, known for his work on books such as "Batman", "Robin", and "Batgirl", "Web of Spider-Man", and "Duppy". He splits his time between New York and Tokyo, where he founded an art studio that publishes a Japanese comic called "Saturday Morning Cartoons" or "SAM-C".

neg: Saint John County, New Brunswick Saint John County (2016 population: 74,020) is located in southern New Brunswick, Canada. The city of Saint John dominates the county. In the rest of the county, tourists flock to see the many scenic views on the Bay of Fundy.

neg: Sherbrooke Sherbrooke ( ; ] ) is a city in southern Quebec, Canada. Sherbrooke is situated at the confluence of the Saint-François (St. Francis) and Magog rivers in the heart of the Estrie administrative region. Sherbrooke is also the name of a territory equivalent to a regional county municipality (TE) and census division (CD) of Quebec, coextensive with the city of Sherbrooke. With 161,323 residents at the 2016 census, Sherbrooke was the sixth largest city in the province of Quebec and the thirtieth largest in Canada. The Sherbrooke Census Metropolitan Area had 212,105 inhabitants, making it the fourth largest metropolitan area in Quebec and nineteenth largest in Canada.

neg: Nairobi Nairobi ( ; ] ) is the capital and largest city of Kenya. The name comes from the Maasai phrase "Enkare Nairobi", which translates to "cool water", a reference to the Nairobi River which flows through the city. The city proper has a population of 3,138,369, while the metropolitan area has a population of 6,547,547. The city is popularly referred to as the Green City in the Sun.

neg: Hopeland, Western Australia Hopeland is an outer suburb of the Western Australian capital city of Perth, located in the Shire of Serpentine-Jarrahdale. In the 2016 census , it had a population of 336 people.


query: Which film was created first, Tex or Miracle?

pos: Tex (film) Tex is a 1982 American drama film directed by Tim Hunter (his first film as a director) and written by Charles S. Haas, based on the novel of the same name by S. E. Hinton. Matt Dillon and Jim Metzler play brothers who struggle after their mother dies and their father walks out on them.

pos: Miracle (2004 film) Miracle is a 2004 American sports docudrama about the United States men's hockey team, led by head coach Herb Brooks, portrayed by Kurt Russell, that won the gold medal in the 1980 Winter Olympics. The American team's victory over the heavily favored Soviet professionals in the medal round was dubbed the Miracle on Ice. "Miracle" was directed by Gavin O'Connor and written by Eric Guggenheim and Mike Rich. It was released on February 6, 2004.

neg: Miracle in the Land of Oblivion Miracle in the Land of Oblivion (Ukrainian: Чудо в краю забуття ) is a 1991 Ukrainian film directed by Natalia Motuzko.

neg: Christmas Miracle in Caufield, U.S.A. Christmas Miracle in Caufield, U.S.A. (also released as The Christmas Coal Mine Miracle) is a 1977 American made-for-television drama film directed by Jud Taylor.

neg: Walking Miracle Walking Miracle is the eleventh overall album by gospel singer Vanessa Bell Armstrong, and her first for EMI Gospel.

neg: The Return of Doctor X The Return of Doctor X (also billed as The Return of Dr. X) is a 1939 American science fiction-horror film directed by Vincent Sherman and starring Wayne Morris, Rosemary Lane, and Humphrey Bogart as the title character. It was based on the short story "The Doctor's Secret" by William J. Makin. Despite supposedly being a sequel to "Doctor X" (1933), also produced by Warner Bros., the films are unrelated.

neg: Technicolor Technicolor is a series of color motion picture processes, the first version dating from 1916, and followed by improved versions over several decades.

neg: E.A. — Extraordinary Accident E.A. — Extraordinary Accident (Russian: Ч. П. — Чрезвычайное происшествие , "Ch. P. - Chrezvychainoe proisshestvie " ) is a 1958 Soviet drama film directed by Viktor Ivchenko. It was the box office leader of 1959 in the Soviet Union having had more than 47 million viewers. The film is based on real events of the capture of the Soviet tanker "Tuapse" in 1954.

neg: Amazing (film) Amazing (Chinese: 神奇) is a Chinese sci-fi basketball film directed by Sherwood Hu released in 2013. The film is a sci-fi drama set in modern-day Shanghai about an unexpected series of events that unfold when China's top programmer (Huang Xiao Ming) designs the world's first thought-controlled virtual reality basketball game. It premiered at the Shanghai International Film Festival in June 2013 and released in China on September 30, 2013.

neg: The Wacky World of Tex Avery The Wacky World of Tex Avery is a French–American–Canadian animated comedy television series produced by DIC Entertainment and created by Robby London in 1997.

neg: The Haunted Mouse The Haunted Mouse is a 1941 black and white Looney Tunes cartoon directed by Tex Avery. This film was the first cartoon written by Michael Maltese.

neg: Miracle (Ilse DeLange song) "Miracle" is a single by Dutch artist Ilse DeLange, from her album "Incredible". The song was written by DeLange and Sacha Skarbek and was produced by Skarbek and Peter Ibsen. It is the title-song of the movie "Bride Flight". The song won the 2009 Rembrandt Award for best film song. "Miracle" reached the peak position in the Dutch Top 40 and stayed there for two weeks.

neg: Magos y Gigantes Magos y Gigantes (simply known as Wizards and Giants in English) is a 2003 Mexican animated fantasy-comedy film produced by Ánima Estudios and 20th Century Fox and released on November 19, 2003. This is the first feature film from Ánima Estudios and the first theatrically released animated film created with Adobe Flash, a program often used for internet cartoons. It was also the first Mexican animated feature in 30 years.

neg: Miracle (Celine Dion album) Miracle is a concept album credited to Canadian singer Celine Dion and Australian photographer Anne Geddes, released on 11 October 2004. It's Dion's ninth English language studio album and 33rd in total.

neg: The Christmas Miracle The Christmas Miracle (Russian: Рождественская мистерия , "Rozhdestvenskaya misteriya " ) is a 2000 Russian romantic drama film directed by Yuriy Feting and Andrei Kravchuk, starring Aleksey Kravchenko and Chulpan Khamatova. It has a fairy-tale narrative about a couple who reunite at Christmas after many years apart. It was Kravchuk's debut film as director. The film was released in Russian cinemas on 21 December 2000.

neg: Chilly Willy (film) Chilly Willy is a 1953 Chilly Willy cartoon, and the first in the Chilly Willy series. Chilly Willy would have a major redesign in his next cartoon, "I'm Cold", by cartoon director Tex Avery.

neg: Miracle (Puff Johnson album) Miracle is the only studio album by American singer Puff Johnson. "Forever More" was the first single from the album.

neg: The Lucky Texan The Lucky Texan is a 1934 Lonestar Films B-movie Western film featuring John Wayne (five years before his breakthrough appearance in "Stagecoach"), Barbara Sheldon, Gabby Hayes, and the legendary stuntman and actor Yakima Canutt. It was written and directed by Robert N. Bradbury.

neg: The Christmas Miracle of Jonathan Toomey The Christmas Miracle of Jonathan Toomey is a 2007 British film scripted and directed by Bill Clark. It was adapted from a 1995 book of the same name, written by Susan Wojciechowski and illustrated by P. J. Lynch, from which the film was adapted.

neg: Miracle in Soho Miracle in Soho is a 1957 British drama film directed by Julian Amyes and starring John Gregson, Belinda Lee and Cyril Cusack. The film depicts the lives of the inhabitants of a small street in Soho and the romance between a local road-builder and the daughter of Italian immigrants.

neg: Miracle (Jon Bon Jovi song) "Miracle" is the second solo single by American Rock singer Jon Bon Jovi. It was released in 1990 from his debut album "Blaze of Glory", the soundtrack album from the film "Young Guns II". The music video for the song features Jeff Beck as well as Matt LeBlanc.

neg: Miracles (Insane Clown Posse song) "Miracles" is a song written by Insane Clown Posse and Mike E. Clark for "Bang! Pow! Boom!", the duo's 2009 album. A music video was produced for the 2010 reissue of the album, dubbed the "Nuclear Edition". The song's lyrics focus on things experienced in everyday life and displaying an appreciation for them. It has become perhaps the duo's best-known song. The song's music video has gone viral and sparked a handful of memes, and was parodied on "Saturday Night Live".


query: What were the dates of the campaign that eventually led to the Treaty of Roskilde?

pos: Treaty of Roskilde The Treaty of Roskilde was concluded on 26 February (OS) or 8 March 1658 (NS) during the Second Northern War between Frederick III of Denmark–Norway and Charles X Gustav of Sweden in the Danish city of Roskilde. After a devastating defeat, Denmark-Norway was forced to give up a third of its territory to save the rest, the ceded lands comprising Blekinge, Bornholm, Bohuslän (Båhuslen), Scania (Skåne) and Trøndelag, as well as her claims to Halland.

pos: March Across the Belts The March Across the Belts was a campaign between 30 January and 8 February 1658 during the Second Northern War where King Charles X Gustav of Sweden led the Swedish army from Jutland across the ice of the Little Belt to Funen and the Great Belt to reach Zealand. The risky but vastly successful crossing was a crushing blow to Denmark, and led to the Treaty of Roskilde later that year, which handed Scania to Sweden.

neg: Siege of Rheinberg (1601) The Siege of Rheinberg also known as the Rhine campaign of 1601 was the siege of the towns of Rheinberg (Old Dutch: Rijnberk) and Meurs from June 12 to 2 August 1601, 1601 during the Eighty Years' War and the Anglo–Spanish War. Maurice of Orange with an Anglo-Dutch army besieged the Spanish held cities in part to distract them before their impending siege at Ostend. Rheinberg, an important city, eventually capitulated on July 28 after a Spanish relief force under Herman van den Bergh failed to relieve the city. The towns of Meurs surrendered soon after.

neg: Battle of Bornholm (1535) The Battle of Bornholm was a naval engagement that took place in June 1535. The conflict saw Lübeck & the Hanseatic League engaged against the forces of Sweden, Prussia, Holstein and Denmark. The Battle of Bornholm was part of the larger Count's Feud.

neg: Battles of Narvik The Battles of Narvik were fought from 9 April to 8 June 1940 as a naval battle in the Ofotfjord and as a land battle in the mountains surrounding the north Norwegian city of Narvik as part of the Norwegian Campaign of the Second World War.

neg: History of Denmark The history of Denmark as a unified kingdom began in the 8th century, but historic documents describe the geographic area and the people living there—the Danes—as early as 500 AD. These early documents include the writings of Jordanes and Procopius. With the Christianization of the Danes c. 960 AD, it is clear that there existed a kingship in Scandinavia, controlling the current Danish territory roughly speaking. Queen Margrethe II can trace her lineage back to the Viking kings Gorm the Old and Harald Bluetooth from this time, thus making the Monarchy of Denmark the oldest in Europe. The area now known as Denmark has a rich prehistory, having been populated by several prehistoric cultures and people for about 12,000 years, since the end of the last ice age.

neg: Northeast Coast Campaign (1745) The Northeast Coast Campaign (1745) occurred during King George's War from 19 July until 5 September 1745. Three weeks after the British Siege of Louisbourg (1745), the Wabanaki Confederacy of Acadia retaliated by attacking New England settlements along the coast of present-day Maine below the Kennebec River, the former border of Acadia. They attacked English settlements on the coast of present-day Maine between Berwick and St. Georges (Thomaston, Maine), within two months there were 11 raids - every town on the frontier had been attacked. Casco (also known as Falmouth and Portland) was the principal settlement.

neg: Siege of Calais (1596) The Siege of Calais of 1596, also known as the Spanish conquest of Calais, took place at the strategic port-city of Calais (present-day Nord-Pas-de-Calais, France), between April 8–24, 1596, as part of the Franco-Spanish War (1595-1598), in the context of the French Wars of Religion, the Anglo-Spanish War (1585–1604), and the Eighty Years' War.<ref name="Walters/Wagner p. 57">Walters/Wagner p.194</ref> The siege ended when the city fell into Spanish hands after a short and intense siege by the Spanish Army of Flanders commanded by Archduke Albert of Austria, Governor-General of the Spanish Netherlands ("Spanish: Alberto de Austria"). The French troops in the citadel of Calais resisted for a few days more, but finally on April 24, the Spanish troops led by Don Luis de Velasco y Velasco, Count of Salazar, assaulted and captured the fortress, achieving a complete victory. The Spanish success was the first action of the campaign of Archduke Albert of 1596.

neg: Battle of Saule The Battle of Saule (Lithuanian: "Saulės mūšis" or "Šiaulių mūšis" ; German: "Schlacht von Schaulen" ; Latvian: "Saules kauja" ) was fought on 22 September 1236, between the Livonian Brothers of the Sword and pagan Samogitians. Between 48 and 60 knights were killed, including the Livonian Master, Volkwin. It was the earliest large-scale defeat suffered by the orders in Baltic lands. The Sword-Brothers, the first Catholic military order established in the Baltic lands, was soundly defeated and its remnants accepted incorporation into the Teutonic Order in 1237. The battle inspired rebellions among the Curonians, Semigallians, Selonians, Oeselians, tribes previously conquered by the Sword-Brothers. Some thirty years' worth of conquests on the left bank of Daugava were lost. To commemorate the battle, in 2000 the Lithuanian and Latvian parliaments declared September 22 to be the Day of Baltic Unity.

neg: De la Gardie Campaign The De la Gardie Campaign refers to the actions of a 15,000-strong Swedish military unit, commanded by Jacob De la Gardie and Evert Horn in alliance with the Russian commander Mikhail Skopin-Shuisky against the Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth in the Polish–Muscovite War (1605–18). The campaign was a result of an alliance between Charles IX of Sweden and Vasili IV of Russia, made in Viborg in 1609, whereby the latter promised to cede the County of Kexholm to Sweden.

neg: Finnish reconquest of the Karelian Isthmus (1941) The Finnish reconquest of the Karelian Isthmus (1941) refers to a military campaign carried out by Finland in 1941. It was part of what is commonly referred to as the Continuation War. Early in the war Finnish forces liberated the Karelian Isthmus. It had been ceded to the Soviet Union on March 13, 1940, in the Moscow Peace Treaty, which marked the end of the Winter War. Later, in the summer of 1944, the Soviet Union reconquered the southern part of the isthmus in the Vyborg-Petrozavodsk Offensive.

neg: Battle of St. Matthew's Day The Battle of Matthew's Day (Estonian: "Madisepäeva lahing" ) was fought near Viljandi (probably in Vanamõisa) on September 21, 1217 during the Livonian Crusade. The adversaries were the German crusading order the Sword Brethren with their recently converted Livonian and Latgalian allies and an army of 6000 Estonian men from different counties, led by Lembitu, who had attempted to unify the Estonians. The Germans won, Lembitu and Caupo of Turaida (converted Livonian chieftain, fought on the order's side) were killed. Also many others were forced to convert.

neg: Treaty of Soldin (1466) The Treaty of Soldin (German: "Vertrag von Soldin" ) was signed on 21 January 1466 at Soldin (now Myślibórz) by the Brandenburgian elector Frederick II and the Pomeranian dukes Eric II and Wartislaw X. It was mediated by the town of Stettin (now Szczecin). The treaty temporarily settled a conflict about the succession of Otto III, Duke of Pomerania, who had died without issue: Emperor Frederick III, elector Frederick II as well as Eric II and Wartislaw X of Pomerania claimed to be the rightful heir of Otto's share of the Duchy of Pomerania.

neg: Six Days' Campaign The Six Days Campaign (10–15 February 1814) was a final series of victories by the forces of Napoleon I of France as the Sixth Coalition closed in on Paris.

neg: Battle of Tornow The Battle of Tornow was fought between the forces of Prussia and Sweden on 26 September 1758 during the Seven Years' War, near modern-day Fürstenberg/Havel (then called Tornow, in the Grand Duchy of Mecklenburg-Strelitz).

neg: Russo-Swedish War (1788–1790) The Russo-Swedish War of 1788–90, known as Gustav III's Russian War in Sweden, Gustav III's War in Finland and Catherine II's Swedish War in Russia, was fought between Sweden and Russia from June 1788 to August 1790.

neg: Battle of Brunkeberg The Battle of Brunkeberg was fought on 10 October 1471 between the Swedish regent Sten Sture the Elder and forces led by Danish king Christian I.

neg: Estonian War of Independence The Estonian War of Independence (Estonian: "Vabadussõda" , literally "Freedom War"), also known as the Estonian Liberation War, was a defensive campaign of the Estonian Army and its allies, most notably the White Russian Northwestern Army, Latvia, and the United Kingdom, against the Soviet Western Front offensive and the aggression of the "Baltische Landeswehr". It was fought in connection with the Russian Civil War during 1918–1920. The campaign was the struggle of Estonia for its sovereignty in the aftermath of World War I. It resulted in a victory for the newly established state and was concluded in the Treaty of Tartu.

neg: Siege of Stralsund (1678) The Siege of Stralsund was a battle between the Electorate of Brandenburg and the Swedish Empire on 10 and 11 October 1678, during the Scanian War. After two days of bombardment, the severely devastated Swedish fortress of Stralsund surrendered to the Brandenburgers. The remainder of Swedish Pomerania was taken by the end of the year, yet most of the province including Stralsund was returned to Sweden by the terms of the Treaty of Saint-Germain-en-Laye and the Peace of Lund, both concluded in 1679.

neg: Second Margrave War The Second Margrave War (German: "Zweiter Markgrafenkrieg" ) was a conflict in the Holy Roman Empire between 1552 and 1555. Instigated by Albert Alcibiades, Margrave of Brandenburg-Kulmbach and Brandenburg-Bayreuth, it involved numerous raids, plunderings and the destruction of many towns and castles in the empire, especially in Franconia. Other towns in other areas where also affected, such as Mainz, Worms, Oppenheim, Metz, Verdun, Frankfurt, and Speyer.

neg: Joachim Gersdorff Joachim Gersdorff (12 November 1611 - 19 April 1661) was a Danish politician, from 1650 to 1660 Steward of the Danish Realm. It was Gersdorff who negotiated the Treaty of Roskilde on Denmark's part during the Second Northern War, a war he had himself been in favour of entering. The treaty, which was concluded in Roskilde on 8 March 1658 (NS), ceded Scania, Halland, Blekinge and Bornholm to Sweden.

neg: Schleswig plebiscites, 1920 The Schleswig plebiscites were two plebiscites, organized according to section XII, articles 109 to 114 of the Treaty of Versailles of June 28, 1919, in order to determine the future border between Denmark and Germany through the former duchy of Schleswig. The process was monitored by a commission with representatives from France, the United Kingdom, Norway and Sweden.


query: Tagarata was a city in an empire characterized by what ?

pos: Teglata Tagarata, was a Roman era civitas of the Roman province of Africa Proconsularis.

pos: Roman Empire The Roman Empire (Latin: "Imperium Rōmānum" ; ] Koine and Medieval Greek: Βασιλεία τῶν Ῥωμαίων, tr. "Basileia tōn Rhōmaiōn" ) was the post-Roman Republic period of the ancient Roman civilization, characterized by government headed by emperors and large territorial holdings around the Mediterranean Sea in Europe, Africa and Asia. The city of Rome was the largest city in the world  100 BC  AD 400 , with Constantinople (New Rome) becoming the largest around AD 500, and the Empire's populace grew to an estimated 50 to 90 million inhabitants (roughly 20% of the world's population at the time). The 500-year-old republic which preceded it was severely destabilized in a series of civil wars and political conflict, during which Julius Caesar was appointed as perpetual dictator and then assassinated in 44 BC. Civil wars and executions continued, culminating in the victory of Octavian, Caesar's adopted son, over Mark Antony and Cleopatra at the Battle of Actium in 31 BC and the annexation of Egypt. Octavian's power was then unassailable and in 27 BC the Roman Senate formally granted him overarching power and the new title "Augustus", effectively marking the end of the Roman Republic.

neg: Kamata Kingdom The Kamata kingdom (pron: ˈkʌmətɑ:, Assamese: কমতা ৰাজ্য) appeared in the western part of the older Kamarupa kingdom on the Indian subcontinent in the 13th century, after the fall of the Pala dynasty. The rise of the Kamata kingdom marked the end of the ancient period in the History of Assam and the beginning of the medieval period. The last rulers were the Khens, who were later displaced by Alauddin Hussain Shah, the Turko-Afghan ruler of Gauda. Though Hussain Shah developed extensive administrative structures, he could not maintain political control and the control went to the Koch dynasty.

neg: Medang Kingdom The Medang or Mataram Kingdom was a Javanese Hindu–Buddhist kingdom that flourished between the 8th and 10th centuries. It was based in Central Java, and later in East Java. Established by King Sanjaya, the kingdom was ruled by the Sailendra dynasty.

neg: Tages Tages was a founding prophet of Etruscan religion who is known from reports by Latin authors of the late Roman Republic and Roman Empire. He revealed a cosmic view of divinity and correct methods of ascertaining divine will concerning events of public interest. Divination was undertaken in Roman society by priestly officials called "haruspices". Political officials also, such as the "augures", were constituted with some responsibilities for divination. While the religion flourished, these priests accompanied public officials, including generals in the field, and were consulted on everything of interest to the senate and people of Rome.

neg: Nabataeans The Nabataeans, also Nabateans ( ; Arabic: الأنباط  "al-ʾAnbāṭ " , compare to Ancient Greek: Ναβαταίος , Latin: "Nabatæus" ), were an Arab people who inhabited northern Arabia and the Southern Levant. Their settlements, most prominently the assumed capital city of Raqmu, now called Petra, gave the name of Nabatene to the borderland between Arabia and Syria, from the Euphrates to the Red Sea. Their loosely controlled trading network, which centered on strings of oases that they controlled, where agriculture was intensively practiced in limited areas, and on the routes that linked them, had no securely defined boundaries in the surrounding desert. Trajan conquered the Nabataean kingdom, annexing it to the Roman Empire, where their individual culture, easily identified by their characteristic finely potted painted ceramics, was adopted into the larger Greco-Roman culture. They were later converted to Christianity. Jane Taylor, a writer, describes them as "one of the most gifted peoples of the ancient world".

neg: Achaemenid Empire The Achaemenid Empire ( ; c. 550–330 BC ), also called the First Persian Empire, was an empire based in Western Asia, founded by Cyrus the Great. Ranging at its greatest extent from the Balkans and Eastern Europe proper in the west to the Indus Valley in the east, it was one of the largest empires in history, spanning 5.5 million square kilometers, and was larger than any previous empire in history. It is equally notable for its successful model of a centralised, bureaucratic administration (through satraps under the King of Kings), for building infrastructure such as road systems and a postal system, the use of an official language across its territories, and the development of civil services and a large professional army. The empire's successes inspired similar systems in later empires. It is noted in Western history as the antagonist of the Greek city-states during the Greco-Persian Wars and for the emancipation of the Jewish exiles in Babylon.

neg: Panchala Panchala (Sanskrit: पञ्चाल , Pañcāla ) was an ancient kingdom of northern India, located in the Ganges-Yamuna Doab of the upper Gangetic plain. During Late Vedic times (c. 900-500 BCE), it was one of the most powerful states of the Indian subcontinent, closely allied with the Kuru Kingdom. By the c. 5th century BCE, it had become an oligarchic confederacy, considered as one of the "solasa" (sixteen) mahajanapadas (major states) of the Indian subcontinent. After being absorbed into the Mauryan Empire (322-185 BCE), Panchala regained its independence until it was annexed by the Gupta Empire in the 4th century CE.

neg: Empire of Thessalonica Empire of Thessalonica is a historiographic term used by some modern scholars to refer to the short-lived Byzantine Greek state centred on the city of Thessalonica between 1224 and 1246 and ruled by the Komnenodoukas dynasty of Epirus. At the time of its establishment, the Empire of Thessalonica, under the capable Theodore Komnenos Doukas, rivaled the Empire of Nicaea and the Second Bulgarian Empire as the strongest state in the region, and aspired to capturing Constantinople, putting an end to the Latin Empire, and restoring the Byzantine Empire that had been extinguished in 1204.

neg: Western Roman Empire In historiography, the Western Roman Empire consists of the western provinces of the Roman Empire at any one time during which they were administered by a separate independent Imperial court, coequal with (or only nominally subordinate to) that administering the eastern half. Both "Western Roman Empire" and "Eastern Roman Empire" (or "Byzantine Empire") are modern terms describing "de facto" independent entities; however, at no point did the Romans consider the Empire split into two, but rather considered it a single state governed by two separate Imperial courts out of administrative expediency. The view that the Empire was impossible to govern by one emperor was established by Diocletian following the disastrous civil wars and disintegration of the Crisis of the 3rd century, and was instituted in Roman law by his introduction of the Tetrarchy in AD 285, a form of government which was legally to endure in one form or another for centuries. The Western Court was periodically abolished and recreated for the next two centuries until final abolition by Zeno in 480, by which time there was little effective central control left in the area legally administered by the Western Court.

neg: Mahisha Kingdom Mahisha or Mahishaka was a kingdom in ancient India, ruled by the Asura king Mahisha. His capital, Mahisha City, is currently known as Mysore a city in Karnataka. This kingdom is mentioned in Mahabharata, though Puranas (especially Markandeya Purana) gives more information. The Sanskrit word "Mahisha" (maहिष) means "great", "powerful".

neg: Shah Shah ( ; Persian: شاه , "Šāh "  , pronounced ] , "king") is a title given to the emperors, kings, princes and lords of Iran (historically also known as Persia). It was also adopted by the kings of Shirvan (a historical Iranian region in Transcaucasia) namely the Shirvanshahs, the rulers and offspring of the Ottoman Empire (in that context spelled as "Şah" and "Şeh"), Mughal emperors of the Indian Subcontinent, the Bengal Sultanate, as well as in Afghanistan. In Iran (Persia and Greater Persia) the title was continuously used; rather than King in the European sense, each Persian ruler regarded himself as the "Šāhanšāh" (King of Kings) or Emperor of the Persian Empire.

neg: Despotate of the Morea The Despotate of the Morea (Greek: Δεσποτᾶτον τοῦ Μορέως ) or Despotate of Mystras (Greek: Δεσποτᾶτον τοῦ Μυστρᾶ ) was a province of the Byzantine Empire which existed between the mid-14th and mid-15th centuries. Its territory varied in size during its existence but eventually grew to include almost all the southern Greek peninsula known as the Peloponnese, which was known as the Morea during the medieval and early modern periods. The territory was usually ruled by one or more sons of the current Byzantine emperor, who were given the title of "despotes" (in this context it should not be confused with despotism). Its capital was the fortified city of Mystras, near ancient Sparta, which became an important centre of the Palaiologan Renaissance.

neg: Bharata Khanda Bharata Khanda (or Bharata Ksetra) is a term used in Hindu texts, including the Vedas, "Mahabharata", "Ramayana" and the Puranic, to describe the geographic region that encompassed the modern countries of Afghanistan, Bangladesh, India, Pakistan, Nepal, Bhutan, Sri Lanka and Myanmar—that is, "South Asia" at the term's furthest extent. The historical context of the Sanskrit epics are the Vedic period (1700-600 BC), Mahajanapadas (600 BC) and the subsequent formation of the Maurya Empire (322 BCE), the beginning of the "golden age" of Classical Sanskrit literature.

neg: Daqin Daqin (; alternative transliterations include Tachin, Tai-Ch'in) is the ancient Chinese name for the Roman Empire or, depending on context, the Near East, especially Syria. It literally means the greater China, Qin () being the name of the founding dynasty of the Chinese Empire. Historian John Foster defined it as "the Roman Empire, or rather that part of it which alone was known to the Chinese, Syria". In various texts its capitals were given as Antioch and Constantinople, with no clear descriptions of the city of Rome. Its basic facets such as laws, customs, dress, and currency were explained in Chinese sources. Its medieval incarnation was described in histories during the Tang dynasty (618–907 AD) onwards as "Fulin" (), which Friedrich Hirth and other scholars have identified as the Byzantine Empire. Daqin was also commonly associated with the Syriac-speaking Nestorian Christians who lived in China during the Tang dynasty.

neg: Hellenistic armies The Hellenistic armies is the term applied to the armies of the successor kingdoms of the Hellenistic period, which emerged after the death of Alexander the Great. After his death, Alexander's huge empire was torn between his successors, the Diadochi (Greek: Διάδοχοι ). During the Wars of the Diadochi, the Macedonian army, as developed by Alexander and Philip II, gradually adopted new units and tactics, further developing Macedonian warfare and improving on the tactics used in the Classical era. The armies of the Diadochi bear few differences from that of Alexander, but during the era of the Epigonoi (Ἐπίγονοι, "Successors"), the differences were obvious, favoring numbers over quality and weight over maneuverability. The limited availability of Greek conscripts in the east led to an increasing dependence on mercenary forces, whereas in the west, Hellenistic armies were continuously involved in wars, which soon exhausted local manpower, paving the way for Roman supremacy. The major Hellenistic states were the Seleucid Empire, Ptolemaic Egypt and the Antigonid kingdom (Macedonia). Smaller states included: Attalid Pergamum, Pontus, Epirus, the Achaean League, the Aetolian League, Syracuse, and other states (like Athens, Sparta etc.).

neg: Gurjara-Pratihara The Gurjara-Pratihara dynasty, also known as the Pratihara Empire, was an imperial power during the Late Classical period on the Indian subcontinent, that ruled much of Northern India from the mid-7th to the 11th century. They ruled first at Ujjain and later at Kannauj.

neg: Rajendra Chola I Rajendra Chola I (Tamil: இராசேந்திர சோழன் Irācēntira cōḻaṉ) or Rajendra I was a Chola emperor who is considered one of the greatest rulers and military generals of India. He succeeded his father Rajaraja Chola I in 1014 CE. During his reign, he extended the influence of the Chola empire to the banks of the river Ganga in North India and across the Indian ocean to the West, making the Chola Empire one of the most powerful empires of India. Rajendra’s conquests included the Andaman and Nicobar Islands, Sri Lanka, Maldives, and he successfully invaded the territories of Srivijaya in Malaysia, Southern Thailand and Indonesia in South East Asia. The Cholas exacted tribute from Thailand and the Khmer kingdom of Cambodia. He defeated Mahipala, the Pala king of Bengal and Bihar, and to commemorate his victory he built a new capital city called Gangaikonda Cholapuram.

neg: Aztec Aztec culture ( ), also known as Mexica culture, was a Mesoamerican culture that flourished in central Mexico in the post-classic period from 1300 to 1521, during the time in which a triple alliance of the Mexica, Texcoca and Tepaneca tribes established the Aztec empire. The Aztec people were certain ethnic groups of central Mexico, particularly those groups who spoke the Nahuatl language and who dominated large parts of Mesoamerica from the 14th to the 16th centuries. The Aztec have also referred to themselves as the Meshika or Mehika.

neg: Greater Iran Greater Iran (Persian: ایران بزرگ  , "Irān-e Bozorg"), also referred to as Greater Persia (سرزمین پارس , "Sarzamin-e Pārs"), is a term used to refer to the regions of the Caucasus, West Asia, Central Asia, and parts of South Asia that has significant Iranian cultural influence due to having been either long historically ruled by the various Iranian (Persian) empires (such as those of the Medes, Achaemenids, Parthians, Sassanians, Samanids, Safavids, and Afsharids and the Qajar Empire), having considerable aspects of Persian culture due to extensive contact with the various Empires based in Persia (e.g., those regions and peoples in the North Caucasus that were not under direct Iranian rule), or are simply nowadays still inhabited by a significant amount of Iranic peoples who patronize their respective cultures (as it goes for the western parts of South Asia, Bahrain and China). It roughly corresponds to the territory on the Iranian plateau and its bordering plains. The Encyclopædia Iranica uses the term "Iranian Cultural Continent" for this region.

neg: Empire of Japan The Empire of Japan (大日本帝國 , Dai Nippon Teikoku , literally "Greater Japanese Empire") was the historical Japanese nation-state and great power that existed from the Meiji Restoration in 1868 to the enactment of the 1947 constitution of modern Japan.

neg: Economy of Western Ganga kingdom The Economy of Western Ganga kingdom (350 – 1000 CE) (Kannada: ಪಶ್ಚಿಮ ಗಂಗ ಸಂಸ್ಥಾನ ) refers to the economic structure that existed during the rule of this important ruling dynasty of ancient Karnataka. They are known as Western Gangas to distinguish them from the Eastern Gangas who in later centuries ruled over modern Orissa. The Western Ganga sovereignty lasted from about 350 to 550, initially ruling from Kolar and later moving their capital to Talakad on the banks of the Kaveri River in modern Mysore district. Later, they ruled as an important feudatory of larger empires, the imperial Chalukyas of Badami and the Rashtrakutas of Manyakheta.


query: what is the surface area of the lagoon southwest of Dreverna

pos: Dreverna Dreverna is a village located in the Klaipėda County, on the Dreverna river, southwest of the village is the Curonian Lagoon.

pos: Curonian Lagoon The Curonian Lagoon (or Bay, Gulf; Russian: "Куршский залив" , Lithuanian: "Kuršių marios" , Polish: "Zalew Kuroński" , German: "Kurisches Haff" , Latvian: "Kuršu joma" ) is separated from the Baltic Sea by the Curonian Spit. Its surface area is 1,619 km2 . The Neman River (Lithuanian: "Nemunas" ) supplies about 90% of its inflows; its watershed consists of about 100,450 square kilometres in Lithuania and Russia's Kaliningrad Oblast.

neg: Yabacon Valley Yabacon Valley (YV) is a nickname for an area within Yaba. Yaba is a suburb of Lagos, Nigeria and located at the mainland of the Lagos. This area is already growing as Nigeria’s technology hub and cluster of hundreds of banking institutions, educational institutions, technology and startup companies which steadily attracts angel investors, venture capitalists, enthusiasts and media people from all over the world. This cluster is the major reason many technology firms are considering opening up shops in Yaba. Close to the region is the Lagos Lagoon which lies on its south-western side, it empties into the Atlantic via Lagos Harbor, a main channel through the heart of the city, 0.5 km to 1 km wide and 10 km long. The term originally was born from an unintentional act of an absent mind, manipulating the Silicon Valley name to create a nick version for this cluster while writing a story title. More so, due to the lagoon near this region, the term Silicon lagoon has also been used to refer to this cluster although this is yet to stick and its origin or creator is unknown.

neg: Gulf of La Spezia The Gulf of La Spezia (Italian: "Golfo della Spezia" or "Golfo dei poeti") is a body of water on the north-western coast of Italy and part of the northern Tyrrhenian Sea, specifically of Ligurian Sea. It measures some 4.5 (length) by 3-3.5 (width) kilometers.

neg: Udarser Wiek The Udarser Wiek is a bay on Germany's Baltic Sea coast, about 8 km² in area, between the islands of Rügen in the north and Ummanz in the south. In the west, the "bodden" transitions into the Schaproder Bodden and in the southeast to the "Gahlitz" in the lake of Koselower See. At the northeast end of the bay lies the island of Öhe.

neg: Great South Bay Great South Bay, actually a lagoon, is situated between Long Island and Fire Island, in the State of New York. It is approximately 45 mi long and protected from the Atlantic Ocean by Fire Island, a barrier island, as well as the eastern end of Jones Beach Island and Captree Island.

neg: Carrum Carrum Swamp The Carrum Carrum Swamp encompassed 52 square kilometres with a catchment area of 735 square kilometres. It had four outlets to the Port Phillip Bay, including Kananook Creek/Eel Race Drain, Patterson River and Mordialloc Creek. Explorer William Hovell discovered "a very extensive fresh water marsh, from 12 to 15 miles long and 11/2 to 6 broad, and only separated from Port Phillip by a narrow ridge or bank of sand not more than from two hundred to three hundred yards wide." A painting titled “Lagoon in the Carrum Carrum Swamp – evening 1872” by James W Curtis is held at the National Gallery of Australia.

neg: Blue Lagoon (geothermal spa) The Blue Lagoon (Icelandic: "Bláa lónið") geothermal spa is one of the most visited attractions in Iceland. The spa is located in a lava field in Grindavík on the Reykjanes Peninsula, southwestern Iceland. Bláa lónið is situated approximately 20 km from the Keflavík International Airport and 39 km from the capital city of Reykjavík, roughly a 21-minute drive from the airport and a 50-minute drive from Reykjavík.

neg: Timbun Mata Timbun Mata Island (Malay: "Pulau Timbun Mata" ) is the largest island on the south side of Darvel Bay, in Semporna, Sabah, Malaysia. It is over 26 kilometres long and at the widest is almost 10 kilometres wide. The island is mountainous and was formerly (pre-2000) densely wooded. Mt. Tannabalu, the highest point at 620 m., is a conical, extinct volcano located at the centre of the island. A secondary peak, Mt. Sedungal, at the east end of the island rises to 489 m. The south side of the island is only separated from the mainland by a shallow channel known as the Trusan Sigalong. It is located at 4°39' N 118°25' E with an area of 114.97 km².

neg: Pamlico Sound Pamlico Sound ( ) in North Carolina in the US is the largest lagoon along the North American East Coast, extending 129 km long and 24 to 48 km (15 to 20 miles) wide. It is part of a large, interconnected network of lagoon estuaries that includes Albemarle Sound, Currituck Sound, Croatan Sound, Pamlico Sound, Bogue Sound, Core Sound, and Roanoke Sound. Together, these sounds, known as the Albemarle-Pamlico sound system, comprise the second largest estuary in the United States, covering over 3,000 sq. mi. of open water.(Chesapeake Bay is the largest.) The Pamlico Sound is separated from the Atlantic Ocean by the Outer Banks, a row of low, sandy barrier islands that include Cape Hatteras National Seashore, Cape Lookout National Seashore, and Pea Island National Wildlife Refuge. The Albemarle-Pamlico Sound is one of nineteen great waters recognized by the America's Great Waters Coalition.

neg: Rassower Strom The Rassower Strom is a waterway that lies at the tip of the tongue of land between the lagoons of the Wieker Bodden and Breetzer Bodden and is part of the North Rügen Bodden Chain. On its southern shore is the ferry boat landing stage between the villages of "Vaschvitz" and "Fischersiedlung" in the municipality of Trent. It separates the heartland of the island of Rügen, the Muttland, from the peninsula of Wittow in the north. At its narrowest point it is 350 m wide.

neg: Meads Bay Pond The pond is a narrow, 21 ha brackish lagoon next to Long Bay Village, near the south-western end of the main island. Its north-western shore is separated from Meads Bay by a thin strip of land, a former dune, that carries a road and tourism developments. The substrate is marl on the northern side and limestone on the southern. Vegetation around the pond consists mainly of stands of buttonwood mangroves, with some longspine acacia and grey nicker at the western end.

neg: Waituna Lagoon The Waituna Lagoon is on the southern coastline of the South Island of New Zealand. It forms part of the Awarua Wetland, a Ramsar site that was established in 1976.

neg: Lake Lesina Lake Lesina (Italian:Lago di Lesina or Laguna di Lesina), situated in the north of Apulia between Tavoliere delle Puglie and the promontory of Gargano, is the ninth largest lake in Italy and the second largest in the southern part of the country. It is about 22 km long, an average of 2.4 km wide, and covers an area of 51.4 square kilometres.

neg: Rekawa Lagoon Rekawa Lagoon (Sinhalese: රැකව කලපුව ) is a coastal waterbody located in Hambantota Districtt in the Southern Province, Sri Lanka and it is located 200 km south of Colombo. The lagoon possesses a rich biodiversity with a variety of flora (ex; mangroves) and fauna (ex; fish, crustaceans, birds).

neg: Chilika Lake Chilika lake is a brackish water lagoon, spread over the Puri, Khurda and Ganjam districts of Odisha state on the east coast of India, at the mouth of the Daya River, flowing into the Bay of Bengal, covering an area of over 1,100 km. It is the largest coastal lagoon in India and the second largest coastal lagoon in the world after The New Caledonian barrier reef in New Caledonia.

neg: Shark Bay (Sea World) Shark Bay is a shark exhibit located within the Sea World theme park on the Gold Coast, Australia. It is the largest man-made lagoon system in the world.

neg: Codrington Lagoon Codrington Lagoon is a long lagoon which takes up much of the west of the Caribbean island of Barbuda. Its access to the sea is via Cuffy Creek, at the northern tip of the lagoon. The water is shallow, and much of the shore of the northern half of the lagoon is marshland. The town of Codrington, the main settlement on the island, is located on the eastern shore of the lagoon.

neg: Pwll Lagoon Pwll Lagoon is a Site of Special Scientific Interest in Carmarthen & Dinefwr, Wales.

neg: Songkhla Lake Songkhla Lake (Thai: ทะเลสาบสงขลา , rtgs: "Thale Sap Songkhla" ,  ] ) is the largest natural lake in Thailand. It is on the Malay peninsula in the southern part of the country. Covering an area of 1,040 km it borders the provinces of Songkhla and Phatthalung. Despite being called a lake, this water feature is actually a lagoon complex geologically.

neg: Mar Menor Mar Menor (] , "Minor sea" or "Smaller Sea". The Mediterranean Sea is also called "Larger Sea [Mar Mayor] in the region) is a coastal salty lagoon in the Iberian Peninsula located south-east of the Autonomous Community of Murcia, Spain, near Cartagena.

neg: Spafarief Bay Spafarief Bay is a bay in the Kotzebue Sound, on the Chukchi Sea-facing coast of Alaska. Its size is 15 mi. across. There is a lagoon at its southern end.


query: Benson's Wild Animal Farm was a private zoo and amusement park in a town with what population as of the 2010 census?

pos: Benson's Wild Animal Farm Benson's Wild Animal Farm was a private zoo and amusement park in Hudson, New Hampshire, United States. It opened to the public in 1926 and closed in 1987, after having been renamed New England Playworld for its final year. The state of New Hampshire acquired the property in 1989 and transferred it to the town of Hudson in 2009. It is being developed as a public park and nature area.

pos: Hudson, New Hampshire Hudson is a town in Hillsborough County, New Hampshire, United States. It is located along the Massachusetts state line. The population was 24,467 at the 2010 census, with an estimated population of 24,645 in 2013. It is the ninth-largest municipality (town or city) in the state, by population.

neg: Kensington, New Hampshire Kensington is a town in Rockingham County, New Hampshire, United States. The population was 2,124 at the 2010 census.

neg: New London, New Hampshire New London is a town in Merrimack County, New Hampshire, United States. The population was 4,397 at the 2010 census.

neg: Newport, New York Newport is a town in Herkimer County, New York, United States. The population was 2,302 at the 2010 census.

neg: Washington Park, North Carolina Washington Park is a town in Beaufort County, North Carolina, United States. The population was 451 at the 2010 Census.

neg: Bakersfield, Vermont Bakersfield is a town in Franklin County, Vermont, United States. The population was 1,322 at the 2010 census.

neg: Machiasport, Maine Machiasport is a town in Washington County, Maine, United States. The population was 1,119 at the 2010 census. Machiasport is a historic seaport and tourist destination.

neg: Chester, Maine Chester is a town in Penobscot County, Maine, United States. The population was 546 at the 2010 census.

neg: Solon, Maine Solon is a town in Somerset County, Maine, United States. The population was 1,053 at the 2010 census.

neg: Florence, Mississippi Florence is a town in Rankin County, Mississippi. As of the 2010 census, the town population was 4,141. It is part of the Jackson Metropolitan Statistical Area.

neg: Sandown, New Hampshire Sandown is a town in Rockingham County, New Hampshire, United States. The population was 5,986 at the 2010 census.

neg: Washington, New Hampshire Washington is a town in Sullivan County, New Hampshire, United States. The population was 1,123 at the 2010 census. Situated in a hilly, rocky, forested area, and with 26 lakes and ponds, Washington is a picturesque resort area. It is home to Pillsbury State Park.

neg: Wilton, Maine Wilton is a town in Franklin County, Maine, United States. The population was 4,116 at the 2010 census. Situated beside Wilson Pond, the former mill town is today primarily a recreation area.

neg: Greybull, Wyoming Greybull is a town in Big Horn County, Wyoming, United States. The population was 1,847 at the 2010 census.

neg: Springfield, New Hampshire Springfield is a town in Sullivan County, New Hampshire, United States. The population was 1,311 at the 2010 census. Gile State Forest is located within the town.

neg: Alstead, New Hampshire Alstead ( ) is a town in Cheshire County, New Hampshire, United States. The population was 1,937 at the 2010 census. Alstead is home to Feuer State Forest.

neg: Chesterville, Maine Chesterville is a town in Franklin County, Maine, United States. The population was 1,352 at the 2010 census.

neg: Biltmore Forest, North Carolina Biltmore Forest is a town in Buncombe County, North Carolina, United States. The population was 1,343 in 2010. It is part of the Asheville Metropolitan Statistical Area.

neg: Palmyra, Maine Palmyra is a town in Somerset County, Maine, United States. The population was 1,986 at the 2010 census.

neg: Hampton, New Hampshire Hampton is a town in Rockingham County, New Hampshire, United States. The population was 14,976 at the 2010 census. Located beside the Atlantic Ocean, Hampton is home to Hampton Beach, a summer tourist destination.

neg: Tiverton, Rhode Island Tiverton is a town in Newport County, Rhode Island, United States. The population was 15,780 at the 2010 census.


query: Ardtornish House is famous for its gardens and the estate is the location of which abandoned castle?

pos: Ardtornish Ardtornish (Scottish Gaelic: "Àird Tòirinis" ) is a Highland estate in Scotland located in Morvern, Lochaber. Ardtornish House is famous for its gardens and the estate is the location of the ruined Ardtornish Castle and the still-inhabited Kinlochaline Castle.

pos: Kinlochaline Castle Kinlochaline Castle is a 12th-century Scottish fortress on the Ardtornish estate in Morvern in the Highland council area. It is also known as Caisteal an Ime (Scottish Gaelic for "Castle of Butter") because a Lady of Clan MacInnes, Dubh Chal (Lady of the Black Veil), is said to have paid the builder with butter equal to the volume of the castle.

neg: Ballumbie Ballumbie is a residential area on the north-east edge of Dundee, Scotland. The area was formerly an estate centred on Ballumbie Castle, a mid-16th-century fortification, which was followed by the 19th-century Ballumbie House. There is also a golf course surrounded by a medieval wall and the site of a late medieval parish church. The castle and house are located just outside the City of Dundee, in Angus.

neg: Neidpath Castle Neidpath Castle is an L-plan rubble-built tower house, overlooking the River Tweed about 1 mi west of Peebles in the Borders of Scotland. The castle is closed to the public.

neg: Ardencaple Castle Ardencaple Castle, also known as Ardincaple Castle, and sometimes referred to as Ardencaple Castle Light, is a listed building, situated about 1 smi from Helensburgh, Argyll and Bute, Scotland. Today, all that remains of the castle is a tower, perched on the edge of a plateau, looking down on a flat tract of land between it and the shore of the Firth of Clyde. The original castle was thought to have been built sometime in the 12th century, and part of the remains of the original castle were said to have existed in the 19th century. Today, that sole remaining tower is used as a navigational aid for shipping on the Firth of Clyde. Because of its use as a lighthouse the tower has been called Ardencaple Castle Light.

neg: Arnage Castle Arnage Castle is a country house, incorporating a Z-plan tower house, located around 4 mi north of Ellon, in Aberdeenshire, north-east Scotland. The tower house dates from the late 16th century, and was extended in subsequent centuries.

neg: Tredegar House Tredegar House (Welsh: "Tŷ Tredegar") is a 17th-century Charles II-era country house mansion in Coedkernew, at the western edge of the city of Newport, Wales. For over five hundred years it was home to the Morgan family, later Lords Tredegar; one of the most powerful and influential families in the area. Described as "The grandest and most exuberant country house" in Monmouthshire and one of the "outstanding houses of the Restoration period in the whole of Britain", the mansion stands in a reduced landscaped garden of 90 acre (0.14 of a square mile) forming the non-residential part of Tredegar Park. The property became a Grade I listed building on 3 March 1952 and has been under the care of the National Trust since March 2012.

neg: Dalmeny House Dalmeny House is a Gothic revival mansion located in an estate close to Dalmeny on the Firth of Forth, to the north-west of Edinburgh, Scotland. It was designed by William Wilkins, and completed in 1817. Dalmeny House is the home of the Earl and Countess of Rosebery. The house was the first in Scotland to be built in the Tudor Revival style. It provided more comfortable accommodation than the former ancestral residence, Barnbougle Castle, which still stands close by. Dalmeny today remains a private house, although it is open to the public during the summer months. The house is protected as a category A listed building, while the grounds are included in the Inventory of Gardens and Designed Landscapes in Scotland.

neg: Cairnburgh Castle Cairnburgh Castle is a ruined castle that is located on the islands of Cairn na Burgh Mòr and Cairn na Burgh Beag, Argyll and Bute, Scotland. These islands are at the northern extremity of the Treshnish Isles at the mouth of Loch Tuath, Mull north of Iona. 1991's "The Changing Scottish Landscape" characterizes it as "one of the most isolated fortifications in Britain...[and] also one of the strangest."

neg: Ascott House Ascott House, sometimes referred to as simply Ascott, is a Grade II* listed building in the hamlet of Ascott near Wing in Buckinghamshire, England. It is set in a 3200 acre estate.

neg: Powerscourt Estate Powerscourt Estate (Irish: "Eastát Chúirt an Phaoraigh" ), located in Enniskerry, County Wicklow, Ireland, is a large country estate which is noted for its house and landscaped gardens, today occupying 19 hectares (47 acres). The house, originally a 13th-century castle, was extensively altered during the 18th century by German architect Richard Cassels, starting in 1731 and finishing in 1741. A fire in 1974 left the house lying as a shell until it was renovated in 1996.

neg: Wirtemberg Castle Wirtemberg Castle, a ruined hilltop castle is the second family seat of the House of Württemberg, whose ancestors had abandoned "Beutelsbach Castle" ("also Kappelberg Castle"). Built on the eponymous Württemberg mountain in a spur of the Schurwald around 411 m above sea level, it is located in the current municipality of Rotenberg in Stuttgart, between Bad Cannstatt and Esslingen am Neckar. Between 1080 and 1819 three castles with this name existed in the area.

neg: Cilgerran Castle Cilgerran Castle (Welsh: "Castell Cilgerran" ) is a 13th-century ruined castle located in Cilgerran, Pembrokeshire, Wales, near Cardigan. The first castle on the site was thought to be built by Gerald of Windsor around 1110–1115, and it changed hands several times over the following century between English and Welsh forces. In the hands of William Marshal, 2nd Earl of Pembroke, the construction of the stone castle began after 1223. After passing through successive families, it was left to ruin and eventually abandoned by 1400. The castle backs onto a cliff face, with the remaining ruins dating from the 13th century. It was most heavily fortified where it faces inland, and includes a pair of drum towers rather than a central keep which remain. It passed into the hands of the National Trust in 1938, who open it to the public.

neg: Ardlamont House Ardlamont House is a Georgian estate house lying at the tip of the Cowal peninsula, 5.5 km south of Kames, in Argyll, Scotland. The house was built c.1820 for Major General John Lamont, 19th of Lamont. It is designated as a Category B listed building by Historic Scotland. The two-storey house is harled. The main block has a piended (hipped) slate roof, while the single-storey wings have skew (sloping) gables. A well-preserved obelisk sundial is located in the garden.

neg: Balloch Castle Balloch Castle is an early 19th-century country house situated at the southern tip of Loch Lomond, in West Dunbartonshire, Scotland. Balloch was a property of the Lennox family from the 11th century, and the old castle was built in the 13th century. In the 19th century the estate was purchased by John Buchanan of Ardoch, who demolished the ruins of the old castle and erected the present building. The Tudor Gothic architecture is the work of Robert Lugar. In 1915 Balloch was bought by Glasgow City Corporation, and has been leased by West Dunbartonshire Council since 1975. The estate was designated as a country park in 1980, and since 2002 has been part of Loch Lomond and The Trossachs National Park. Although the house has been periodically used for visitor facilities and council offices, it is now included on the Buildings at Risk Register. Balloch Castle is a category A listed building, and the estate is included on the Inventory of Gardens and Designed Landscapes in Scotland.

neg: Westenhanger Castle Westenhanger Castle is a fortified manor house once owned by royalty, located next to Westenhanger railway station and the grandstand of Folkestone Racecourse in Kent. The castle has endured a period of steady decline to near ruination in recent years, but the current owners have engaged a programme of consolidation, conservation and restoration to the castle and adjoining buildings. It is now being used as a conference and wedding venue.

neg: Lennoxlove House Lennoxlove House is a historic house set in woodlands half a mile south of Haddington in East Lothian, Scotland. The house comprises a 15th-century tower, originally known as Lethington Castle, and has been extended several times, principally in the 17th, 19th and 20th centuries. The house is protected as a category A listed building, and is described by Historic Scotland as "one of Scotland's most ancient and notable houses." The wooded estate is included on the Inventory of Gardens and Designed Landscapes in Scotland, the national listing of significant gardens.

neg: Cathcart Castle Cathcart Castle was a 15th-century castle, located in what is now Linn Park in the Cathcart area of southern Glasgow, Scotland. The castle was abandoned in the 18th century, and the remaining ruins were pulled down in 1980, leaving only foundations visible.

neg: Gwydir Castle Gwydir Castle is situated in the Conwy valley, Wales, a mile to the west of the ancient market town of Llanrwst and 1.5 mi to the south of the large village of Trefriw. An example of a fortified manor house dating back to c1500, it is located on the edge of the floodplain of the river Conwy, and overlooked from the west by the now-forested slopes of Gwydir Forest.

neg: Fasque House Fasque, also known as Fasque House, or Fasque Castle is a mansion in Aberdeenshire, Scotland, situated near the village of Fettercairn, in the former county of Kincardineshire.

neg: Hope Castle Hope Castle, also referred to as Blayney Castle, is an 18th-century house built in the town of Castleblayney, located in County Monaghan, Ireland. Over the years, Hope Castle has been inhabited for various uses, such as homes to many, military barracks, a hospital, convent, and was most recently used as a hotel before its demise in 2010. The building still stands, although unoccupied.

neg: Appleby Castle Appleby Castle is in the town of Appleby-in-Westmorland overlooking the River Eden (grid reference [ NY685200] ). It consists of a 12th-century castle keep which is known as Caesar's Tower, and a mansion house. These, together with their associated buildings, are set in a courtyard surrounded by curtain walls. Caesar's Tower and the mansion house are each recorded in the National Heritage List for England as a designated Grade I listed building. The uninhabited parts of the castle are a scheduled ancient monument.


query: Did both Mark Rydell and Jacques Feyder direct films?

pos: Mark Rydell Mark Rydell (born March 23, 1928) is an American actor, film director and producer. He has directed many Academy Award-nominated films including "The Fox" (1967), "The Reivers" (1969), "Cinderella Liberty" (1973), "The Rose" (1979), "The River" (1984) and "For the Boys" (1991). He was nominated for an Academy Award for Best Director for "On Golden Pond" (1981). Mark Rydell also studied Acting at The Neighborhood Playhouse School of the Theatre in New York City.

pos: Jacques Feyder Jacques Feyder (] ; 21 July 1885 – 24 May 1948) was a Belgian actor, screenwriter and film director who worked principally in France, but also in the USA, Britain and Germany. He was a leading director of silent films during the 1920s, and in the 1930s he became associated with the style of poetic realism in French cinema. He adopted French nationality in 1928.

neg: La Chèvre La Chèvre (English title: Knock on Wood, literal translation: "The Goat") is a 1981 French comedy film directed by Francis Veber, starring Pierre Richard and Gérard Depardieu. It is the first of three films featuring Richard and Depardieu as a comic duo.

neg: Jerry Leider Jerry Leider is an American producer of both feature films and television programs. He has also worked as a senior executive at studios, television networks and talent agencies.

neg: Identification Marks: None Identification Marks: None (Polish: Rysopis ) is a 1964 Polish drama film directed by Jerzy Skolimowski. It was the first feature film directed by Skolimowski, after the shorts "Erotique", "Little Hamlet", "The Menacing Eye", "Boxing" and "Your Money or Your Life".

neg: Soldaterkammerater rykker ud Soldaterkammerater rykker ud is a 1959 Danish comedy film directed by Sven Methling and starring Louis Miehe-Renard.

neg: Mark Rezyka Mark Rezyka (born 11 June 1959, in Montreal, Quebec, Canada) is best known as a top director of heavy metal videos in the 1980s and 1990s. With partners Marcelo Epstein and Dominic Orlando, he founded Pendulum Productions in 1982, and directed over 300 music videos over the next 15 years. Artists included Quiet Riot, Kiss, Ratt, Cinderella, Whitesnake, Survivor, Foreigner, Cheap Trick, and Joan Jett, among others.

neg: Le Far West Le Far West is a 1973 Belgian-French comedy film directed by Jacques Brel. It was entered into the 1973 Cannes Film Festival. This was Brel's ninth feature film, and his second directorial effort. Brel was obsessed with "le Far West" (the Wild West). The film co-starred Gabriel Jabbour, Danielle Evenou, and Arlette Lindon. The film was released 15 May 1973.

neg: The Margin (film) The Margin (French: "La Marge" , also known as "The Streetwalker" and "Emmanuelle 77") is a 1976 French erotic drama film written and directed by Walerian Borowczyk and starring Sylvia Kristel. It is loosely based on the novel "The Margin" by André Pieyre de Mandiargues.

neg: Fifi Martingale Fifi Martingale is a 2001 French film directed by Jacques Rozier. The film is about a theater company attempting to put on a new play. It was Jean Lefebvre's last film.

neg: Disneynature Disneynature is an independent film unit of Walt Disney Studios that produces nature documentary films. The production company was founded on April 21, 2008 and is headquartered in Paris, France. Heading the unit is Disney veteran Jean-Francois Camilleri, who also serves as senior vice president and general manager for Walt Disney Studios Motion Pictures France.

neg: Mark Amin Mohammed Mark Amin (Persian: محمد مارک امین  ), known professionally as Mark Amin, is an Iranian American motion picture producer, distributor and writer who has been working in independent and mainstream cinema for more than two decades. Some of Amin’s film credits include "The Prince and Me" (2004), starring Julia Stiles, 1997's "Eve's Bayou", starring Samuel L. Jackson, and 2002’s "Frida", a biopic which Amin executive produced.

neg: The Iron Maiden The Iron Maiden (released in the US as Swinging Maiden) is a 1962 British comedy film. The film was directed by Gerald Thomas, and stars Michael Craig, Anne Helm, Jeff Donnell and Alan Hale, Jr. There are minor roles for "Carry On" stalwarts Jim Dale and Joan Sims, and the veteran actor Sam Kydd also appears with his then six-year-old son Jonathan Kydd. The film was widely perceived as an attempt to repeat the success of the film "Genevieve", with traction engines in place of vintage cars.

neg: Raoul André Raoul André (May 24, 1916 in Rabat (Morocco) - November 4, 1992) was a French director and screenwriter, He was married to actress Louise Carletti (December 1955), and he is the father of Ariane Carletti.

neg: Brocéliande (film) Brocéliande is a French horror film written by Doug Headline and Benoît Lestang, directed by Doug Headline, and starring André Wilms, Alice Taglioni and Alexis Loret.

neg: Intersection (1994 film) Intersection is a 1994 film, directed by Mark Rydell and starring Richard Gere, Sharon Stone, Lolita Davidovich and Martin Landau. It is a remake of the French film "Les choses de la vie" (1970) by Claude Sautet, the story — set in Vancouver, British Columbia — concerns an architect (played by Gere) who, as his classic Mercedes 280SL roadster hurtles into a collision at an intersection, flashes through key moments in his life, including his marriage to a beautiful but chilly heiress (Stone) and his subsequent affair with a travel writer (Davidovich).

neg: The Railrodder The Railrodder is a 1965 short comedy film starring Buster Keaton in one of his final film roles, directed by Gerald Potterton and produced by the National Film Board of Canada (NFB). A 25-minute comedic travelogue of Canada, "The Railrodder" was also Keaton's final silent film, as the film contains no dialogue and all sound effects are overdubbed.

neg: Diary of the Dead (1976 film) Diary of the Dead is a 1976 neo-noir film directed by Arvin Brown, based on the novel "One Across, Two Down" by Ruth Rendell. It was produced by Charles B. Moss. Robert L. Fish, author of "Mute Witness", the basis of "Bullitt", contributed to the screenplay.

neg: Jonathan Yudis Jonathan Yudis is an American film director. He made his feature film debut in 2005 with "Pervert!", a tribute to the films of Russ Meyer. He also directed the live-action segments of the "Ren and Stimpy Adult Party Cartoon" episode "". His wife is the daughter of filmmaker Ralph Bakshi.

neg: La Vie Commence Demain La vie commence demain is a 1950 French film directed by Nicole Védrès. It was the first X-rated film shown in the United Kingdom. It was screened at the Regent Street Cinema in London in 1951.

neg: Alain Guiraudie Alain Guiraudie (] ; born 15 July 1964) is a French film director and screenwriter. He has directed ten mostly LGBT-related films since 1990. He is openly gay.

neg: Marie Antoinette Queen of France Marie Antoinette Queen of France (French: Marie-Antoinette reine de France and also known as Shadow of the Guillotine) is a French language motion picture historical drama directed by Jean Delannoy who co-wrote screenplay with Pierre Erlanger and Bernard Zimmer. The film stars Michèle Morgan and Richard Todd. It was nominated for the Golden Palm (Jean Delannoy) at the 1956 Cannes Film Festival.


query: During which war did the Japanese troops commit mass murder and rape against civilians that is recorded in The Good Man of Nanking: The Diaries of John Rabe?

pos: The Good Man of Nanking The Good Man of Nanking: The Diaries of John Rabe is a collection of the personal journals of John Rabe, a German businessman who lived in Nanjing at the time of the Nanking Massacre in 1937–1938. The book contains the diaries that Rabe kept during the Nanking Massacre, writing from his personal experience and observation of the events that took place. It also excerpts Rabe's experience in immediate post-war Berlin, then occupied by Soviet troops. Rabe's diaries were made known and quoted by author Iris Chang during the research for her book, "The Rape of Nanking"; they were subsequently translated from German to English by John E. Woods and published in the United States in 1998.

pos: Nanking Massacre The Nanking Massacre was an episode of mass murder and mass rape committed by Japanese troops against the residents of Nanjing ("Nanking"), then the capital of the Republic of China, during the Second Sino-Japanese War. The massacre is also known as the Rape of Nanking or, using Pinyin romanization, the Nanjing Massacre or Rape of Nanjing.

neg: Soviet invasion of Manchuria The Soviet invasion of Manchuria, also known as the Manchurian Strategic Offensive Operation ("Манчжурская стратегическая наступательная операция" , lit. "Manchzhurskaya Strategicheskaya Nastupatelnaya Operaciya") or simply the Manchurian Operation ("Маньчжурская операция"), began on 9 August 1945 with the Soviet invasion of the Japanese puppet state of Manchukuo. It was the last campaign of the Second World War, and the largest of the 1945 Soviet–Japanese War which resumed hostilities between the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics and the Empire of Japan after almost six years of peace. Soviet gains on the continent were Manchukuo, Mengjiang (Inner Mongolia) and northern Korea. The Soviet entry into the war and the defeat of the Kwantung Army was a significant factor in the Japanese government's decision to surrender unconditionally, as it made apparent the Soviet Union would no longer be willing to act as a third party in negotiating an end to hostilities on conditional terms.

neg: Ronald Shaw Ronald Shaw (19209 August 1945) was a British pilot who was captured by the Japanese during World War II, and was killed by the atomic bombing of Nagasaki while in Japanese captivity.

neg: Battle of Borneo (1941–42) The Battle of Borneo was a successful campaign by Japanese Imperial forces for control of Borneo island and concentrated mainly on the subjugation of the Kingdom of Sarawak, Brunei, North Borneo, and the western part of Kalimantan that was part of the Dutch East Indies. The Japanese main unit for this mission was the 35th Infantry Brigade led by Major-General Kiyotake Kawaguchi.

neg: Wednesday demonstration Wednesday demonstration (Korean: 수요 집회 ), officially named Wednesday Demonstration demanding Japan to redress the Comfort Women problems (Korean: 일본군 위안부 문제 해결을 위한 정기 수요시위 ), is a weekly protest in Korea which aims at obtaining justice from the Japanese government regarding the large scale sexual slavery system established under Imperial Japan rule during World War II (its victims are commonly known under the euphemism "comfort women"). The weekly protest is held in the presence of surviving comfort women on every Wednesday at noon in front of the Embassy of Japan in Seoul.

neg: John Mennie John ('Jack') George Mennie, A.R.M.S. D.A.(ABDN). ARMS., (26 November 1911 in Aberdeen – 24 August 1982 in Tirinie, Blair Athol, Perthshire) was a Scottish artist who came to public attention in 2011 for his many contemporaneous drawings of his life as a prisoner of war during the Japanese occupation of Singapore and Thailand in World War II. The drawings were made in secret depicting scenes of daily life and personalities in the camps in Singapore and Thailand, working on the Death railway. They also uniquely documented the "Selarang Square Squeeze" when some 17,000 prisoners were forced to crowd in the barracks square for nearly five days with little water and no sanitation until they signed a 'promise not to escape'.

neg: Mutsuhiro Watanabe Mutsuhiro Watanabe (Japanese: 渡邊睦裕 , January 1, 1918 – April 1, 2003) was an Imperial Japanese Army sergeant in World War II who served at POW camps in Omori, Naoetsu (present day Jōetsu), Niigata, Mitsushima (present day Hiraoka) and at the Civilian POW Camp at Yamakita. After Japan's defeat, the US Occupation authorities classified Watanabe as a war criminal for his mistreatment of prisoners of war (POWs), but he managed to evade arrest and was never tried in court.

neg: Double Tenth incident The "Double Tenth incident" or "Double Tenth massacre" occurred on 10 October 1943, during the Second World War Japanese occupation of Singapore. The "Kempeitai" – Japanese Military Police – arrested and tortured fifty-seven civilians and civilian internees on suspicion of their involvement in a raid on Singapore Harbour that had been carried out by Anglo–Australian commandos from "Operation Jaywick". Seven Japanese ships were sunk, but none of those arrested and tortured had participated in the raid, nor had any knowledge of it. Fifteen of them died in Singapore's Changi Prison.

neg: Mukden Incident The Mukden Incident, or Manchurian Incident, was a staged event engineered by Japanese military personnel as a pretext for the Japanese invasion in 1931 of northeastern China, known as Manchuria.

neg: Korechika Anami Korechika Anami (阿南 惟幾 , Anami Korechika , 21 February 1887 – 15 August 1945) was a general in the Imperial Japanese Army during World War II, and was War Minister at the time of the surrender of Japan.

neg: Dragon Seed (novel) Dragon Seed is a novel by Pearl S. Buck first published in 1942. It describes the lives of Chinese peasants in a village outside Nanjing, China immediately prior to and during the Japanese invasion in 1937. Some characters seek protection in the city while others become collaborators. This story focuses less on the details of the attack and more on the characters’ reactions to the events in Nanking. The Nanking Massacre (commonly called the Rape of Nanking) involved months of horrific violence by the Imperial Japanese Army as they conquered the city; the novel takes place during these events. Buck opines in the novel that Japanese troops passing through China feel no responsibility for their conduct as they won’t be present to be confronted after the violence is over.

neg: Matsue incident The Matsue incident, also known as the Matsue Riot incident, Imperial Voluntary Army incident, or the Shimane Prefectural Office incendiarism, was an incident that occurred in Japan immediately after the Japanese surrender that signaled the end of World War II. The incident was staged by approximately forty dissidents, who attacked facilities in Matsue City, Shimane Prefecture, at dawn on August 24, 1945, resulting in one casualty.

neg: Japanese Devils Japanese Devils (or Riben Guizi 日本鬼子 ) is a Japanese documentary about the war crimes committed by the Imperial Japanese Army between 1931 and 1945. The documentary is a series of interviews with 14 Japanese veterans of the Second Sino-Japanese War who recount rape, massacres, bio-experiments, and cannibalism. The accuracy of these interviews is contested by Japanese nationalist critics.

neg: War Crimes Act 1991 The War Crimes Act 1991 is an Act of the Parliament of the United Kingdom. It confers jurisdiction on courts in the United Kingdom to try people for war crimes committed in Nazi Germany or German-occupied territory during the Second World War by people who were not British citizens at the time, but have since become British citizens or residents. The legislation was enacted, as there then were no provisions to allow the extradition of British residents, or naturalised citizens to face trial for war crimes in third countries. Other countries, such as the United States have used civil, rather than criminal proceedings, to resolve this issue by revoking citizenship of suspects, facilitating their deportation.

neg: Battle of Sarimbun Beach The Battle of Sarimbun Beach was the first stage of the Japanese assault on Singapore in February 1942 during World War II. Sarimbun Beach, in the west of Singapore Island, was the area in which Japanese troops, under the overall direction of Lieutenant General Tomoyuki Yamashita, first attacked Allied forces. The commander of Allied forces in Singapore, Lieutenant General Arthur Percival, did not expect the Japanese to make their main attack in the west, and failed to reinforce the Australian 22nd Brigade, which took the brunt of the assault. The main Japanese objective to the immediate rear of Sarimbun Beach was Tengah Airfield.

neg: John Elias Williams John Elias Williams (; 1871 – 24 March 1927) was a missionary to China, he served with the American Presbyterian Mission for 28 years. He was also the vice president of the University of Nanking. He was murdered in Nanjing Incident on 24 March 1927.

neg: Taiping War Cemetery The Taiping War Cemetery (Malay: "Tanah Perkuburan Perang Taiping" ) is the final resting place for Allied personnel who were killed during World War II, particularly the Malayan Campaign and the Japanese occupation of Malaya. Servicemen who died after the war or during their posting in northern Malaya prior to the Malayan Emergency are also interred here. The cemetery is located in Bukit Larut, Taiping, Perak, Malaysia and was erected and maintained by the Commonwealth War Graves Commission.

neg: Tsuyama massacre The Tsuyama massacre (津山事件 , Tsuyama jiken ) was a spree killing that occurred on 21 May 1938 in the rural village of Kamo close to Tsuyama city in Okayama, Japan.

neg: Hideki Tojo Hideki Tōjō (Kyūjitai: 東條 英機 ; Shinjitai: 東条 英機 ; "   "; December 30, 1884 – December 23, 1948) was a general of the Imperial Japanese Army (IJA), the leader of the Imperial Rule Assistance Association, and the 27th Prime Minister of Japan during much of World War II, from October 17, 1941, to July 22, 1944. As Prime Minister, he was responsible for ordering the attack on Pearl Harbor, which initiated war between Japan and the United States, although planning for it had begun in April 1941 before he entered office. After the end of the war, Tojo was arrested, sentenced to death for Japanese war crimes by the International Military Tribunal for the Far East, and hanged on December 23, 1948.

neg: Japanese relocation Japanese relocation may refer to World War II events:

neg: Sakae Ōba Sakae Ōba (大場 栄 , Ōba Sakae ) (21 March 1914 – 8 June 1992) was an officer of the Imperial Japanese Army during World War II. He served in both China and in the Pacific campaign. After Japanese forces were defeated in the Battle of Saipan, he led a group of soldiers and civilians deep into the jungle to evade capture by Allied forces. Under Ōba's leadership, the group survived for over a year after the battle and finally surrendered in December 1945, three months after the war had ended. Following his return to Japan, he became a successful businessman and served on the city council of Gamagori, Aichi.


query: In addition to his role in When Strangers Appear, what role did Barry Watson play in "7th Heaven"?

pos: When Strangers Appear When Strangers Appear is a 2001 psychological thriller film starring Radha Mitchell ("Pitch Black", "High Art"), Barry Watson (TV's "Seventh Heaven") and Josh Lucas ("The Deep End").

pos: Barry Watson (actor) Michael Barrett "Barry" Watson (born April 23, 1974) is an American actor, known for his roles of Matthew "Matt" Camden on "7th Heaven", Brian Davis in "What About Brian" and Todd Deepler in "Samantha Who?".

neg: Hollywood A.D. "Hollywood A.D." is the nineteenth episode of the seventh season of the American science fiction television series "The X-Files". It premiered on the Fox network in the United States on April 30, 2000. The episode is a "Monster-of-the-Week" story, unconnected to the series' wider mythology. "Hollywood A.D." earned a Nielsen household rating of 7.7, being watched by 12.88 million people in its initial broadcast. The episode was met with largely positive reviews, with many critics approving of the episode's humorous nature.

neg: Sarah Thompson (actress) Sarah Thompson Kane (born October 25, 1979) is an American actress best known for her role as Eve in "Angel" (2003–2004) and Rose in "7th Heaven" (2005–2006).

neg: Strangers (TV series) Strangers is a UK police drama that appeared on ITV between 5 June 1978 and 20 October 1982.

neg: The Big Bang Theory (season 7) The seventh season of the American sitcom "The Big Bang Theory" aired on CBS from September 26, 2013, to May 15, 2014.

neg: Ray Barrett Raymond Charles "Ray" Barrett (2 May 19278 September 2009) was an Australian actor. During the 1960s, he was a leading actor on British television, where he was best known for his appearances in "The Troubleshooters" (1965–71). From the 1970s, he appeared in lead and character roles in a number of Australian films and TV series.

neg: Colin Baker Colin Baker (born 8 June 1943) is an English actor. He became known for playing Paul Merroney in the BBC drama series "The Brothers" from 1974 to 1976. He later played the sixth incarnation of The Doctor in the long-running science fiction television series "Doctor Who" from 1984 to 1986. Baker's tenure as the Doctor proved to be a controversial era for the series, which included a hiatus in production and his subsequent replacement on the orders of BBC executive Michael Grade.

neg: One Tree Hill (season 7) The seventh season of "One Tree Hill" premiered on September 14, 2009. This is the first season not to include the show's original cast members Chad Michael Murray and Hilarie Burton. After successful ratings for the first three episodes, The CW gave the series a full-season order of 22 episodes.

neg: Jay Simon Jay Simon (born 17 December 1966 in London) is a British stage, film/television and voice actor best known for screen roles including: the Flight Attendant in "The Wedding Date", Billy Hennessy in Jack Higgins' "Midnight Man" and Lionel Symon in Stephen Poliakoff's "Perfect Strangers".

neg: Barry Kivel Barry Kivel is an actor, director, editor, and producer who appeared in "Crocodile Dundee" (1984), "Memoirs of an Invisible Man" (1992), "Coneheads" (1993), "Bound" (1996), "One Fine Day" (1996), "Body and Soul" (2000), "Turn of Faith" (2001), and "Q-4: Dream Corporation" (2016), a futuristic thriller which is in post-production. To his credits, he has produced "Three Sides (2011)", a short film. As an editor, he also has edited "Three Sides" (2011). He also directed Three Sides. He received a special thanks for the 2016 documentary film "The Natural: The Best There Ever Was", which is completed, and he has a role in there as Pat McGee and himself. In television he has acted on serial police drama "Hill Street Blues", sitcom "Full House", sitcom "Who's the Boss?", sitcom "Empty Nest", legal drama "Civil Wars", sitcom "Murphy Brown", legal drama "Brooklyn South", television drama "Judging Amy", and sitcom "Scrubs".

neg: Absolute Strangers Absolute Strangers is a 1991 made-for-television CBS docudrama featuring "Happy Days" star Henry Winkler returning to his first major TV role in eight years.

neg: Heaven and Earth and the Stars Heaven and Earth and the Stars is a 1976 album by Lulu. It was the second and last of her albums to be released on the Chelsea record label, which ceased production this year. Like the previous album, it was produced by Wes Farrell, apart from two tracks "The Man Who Sold the World" and "Watch That Man" which were produced by David Bowie and Mick Ronson. The former had been a big hit for Lulu, reaching No.3 in the UK, although had been released more than two years before this album's release. Also from 1974 was Lulu's theme song for the James Bond film, "The Man with the Golden Gun", produced by John Barry. Another hit single featured on this album was "Take Your Mama for a Ride", which had been a No.37 hit in 1975. Despite these inclusions, the album failed to chart, being too late to cash in on the hits. Further singles released from the album were "Boy Meets Girl" and the title track, bring the total single releases to five - half the album.

neg: Patient Zero (The Outer Limits) "Patient Zero" is an episode of "The Outer Limits" television show. It first aired on 23 March 2001, during the seventh season.

neg: Neutron and Star Neutron and Star, also known as Seventh Heaven, is a British trance duo consisting of producer/writer Alan Stott and vocalist/writer Lucy Clarke.

neg: Barry McEvoy Barry McEvoy | Born: (1967--) 11, 1967 (age 50 ) is an Irish film actor/writer best known for writing and playing the lead in "An Everlasting Piece" (2000), directed by Barry Levinson. McEvoy's first screen appearance of note was in the supporting role of a gangster in "Gloria" (1999), filmed after he had spent a decade performing in Off Broadway plays in New York City. McEvoy also appears in "Gettysburg" (1993), "Veronica Guerin" (2003), "" (2006), and "Five Minutes of Heaven" (2009).

neg: Bones (season 7) The seventh season of the American television series "Bones" premiered on November 3, 2011, and concluded on May 14, 2012, on Fox. The show maintained its previous time slot, airing on Thursdays at 9:00 pm ET for the first half of the season. It began airing on Mondays at 8:00 pm when it returned on April 2, 2012. The season contains a reduced order of 13 episodes to accommodate Emily Deschanel's pregnancy. Fox ordered an additional four episodes, that were produced during the seventh season, but aired during the first part of season eight.

neg: Love at Seventh Sight Love At Seventh Sight () is a 2009 Hong Kong film.

neg: Gentle Strangers Gentle Strangers is a 1972 Australian film directed by Cecil Holmes.

neg: Terry Scott Owen John "Terry" Scott (4 May 1927 – 26 July 1994) was an English actor and comedian who appeared in seven "Carry On films". He also appeared in BBC1's popular domestic sitcom "Terry and June" with June Whitfield.

neg: Seventh Heaven (poetry collection) Seventh Heaven is a poetry collection by Patti Smith, published in 1972.

neg: Last Rites (Law & Order: Criminal Intent) "Last Rites" is a seventh season episode of the television series "". It also marks Det. Mike Logan's final appearance in the series.