query: Both Stephen R. Donaldson and P. D. Ouspensky are known for esotericism?

pos: Stephen R. Donaldson Stephen Reeder Donaldson (born May 13, 1947) is an American fantasy, science fiction and mystery novelist, most famous for "The Chronicles of Thomas Covenant", his ten-novel fantasy series. His work is characterized by psychological complexity, conceptual abstractness, moral bleakness, and the use of an arcane vocabulary, and has attracted critical praise for its "imagination, vivid characterizations, and fast pace". He earned his bachelor's degree from The College of Wooster and a Master's degree from Kent State University. He currently resides in New Mexico.

pos: P. D. Ouspensky Pyotr Demianovich Ouspenskii (known in English as Peter D. Ouspensky, Пётр Демья́нович Успе́нский; 5 March 1878 – 2 October 1947), was a Russian mathematician and esotericist known for his expositions of the early work of the Greek-Armenian teacher of esoteric doctrine George Gurdjieff, whom he met in Moscow in 1915. He was associated with the ideas and practices originating with Gurdjieff from then on. He shared the (Gurdjieff) "system" for 25 years in England and the United States, having separated from Gurdjieff in 1924 personally, for reasons he explains in the last chapter of his book "In Search of the Miraculous".

neg: William Sloane Coffin William Sloane Coffin Jr. (June 1, 1924 – April 12, 2006) was an American Christian clergyman and long-time peace activist. He was ordained in the Presbyterian church and later received ministerial standing in the United Church of Christ. In his younger days he was an athlete, a talented pianist, a CIA agent, and later chaplain of Yale University, where the influence of Reinhold Niebuhr's social philosophy led him to become a leader in the Civil Rights Movement and peace movements of the 1960s and 1970s. He also was a member of the secret society Skull and Bones. He went on to serve as Senior Minister at the Riverside Church in New York City and President of SANE/Freeze (now Peace Action), the nation's largest peace and justice group, and prominently opposed United States military interventions in conflicts such as the Vietnam War to the Iraq War. He was also an ardent supporter of gay rights.

neg: Weird fiction Weird fiction is a subgenre of speculative fiction originating in the late 19th and early 20th centuries. It can be said to encompass the ghost story and other tales of the macabre. Weird fiction is distinguished from horror and fantasy in its blending of supernatural, mythical, and even scientific tropes. British authors who have embraced this style have often published their work in mainstream literary magazines even after American pulp magazines became popular. Popular weird fiction writers included Edgar Allan Poe, William Hope Hodgson, H. P. Lovecraft, Lord Dunsany, Arthur Machen, M. R. James, and Clark Ashton Smith.

neg: Hermetic Press Hermetic Press is a publishing company in Seattle, US, that specializes in technical literature on magic and mentalism. The company was founded in 1990 by Stephen Minch who "after writing books on magic for seventeen years, decided to try publishing them as well." The company specializes in high quality books and often produces limited edition volumes with fine binding.

neg: Andrei Oișteanu Andrei Oişteanu (] ; born September 18, 1948) is a Romanian historian of religions and mentalities, ethnologist, cultural anthropologist, literary critic and novelist. Specialized in the history of religions and mentalities, he is also noted for his investigation of rituals and magic and his work in Jewish studies and the history of antisemitism. After the Romanian Revolution of 1989, he also became noted for his articles and essays on the Holocaust in Romania.

neg: John William Donaldson John William Donaldson (7 June 1811 – 10 February 1861) was an English philologist and biblical critic.

neg: William Donaldson Charles William Donaldson (4 January 1935 – 22 June 2005) was an English satirist, writer, playboy and, under the pseudonym of Henry Root, author of "The Henry Root Letters".

neg: Society for the Academic Study of Magic The Society for the Academic Study of Magic (SASM) is a multidisciplinary academic group composed of those scholars studying all aspects of magic and other aspects of esotericism. According to the Society's website, the scope of the Society's interests include "the history, sociology, philosophy, psychology, anthropology of magic, magical practices and theories of magic, as well as magical objects, artefacts and texts."

neg: List of occult terms The occult (from the Latin word "occultus" "clandestine, hidden, secret") is "knowledge of the hidden". In common English usage, "occult" refers to "knowledge of the paranormal", as opposed to "knowledge of the measurable", usually referred to as science. The term is sometimes taken to mean knowledge that "is meant only for certain people" or that "must be kept hidden", but for most practicing occultists it is simply the study of a deeper spiritual reality that extends beyond pure reason and the physical sciences. The terms "esoteric" and "arcane" can also be used to describe the occult, in addition to their meanings unrelated to the supernatural.

neg: Don D'Ammassa Donald Eugene D'Ammassa (born April 24, 1946) is an American fantasy, science fiction and horror reviewer and author. He is chiefly known for his numerous reviews, written over a period of more than thirty years. He writes as Don D'Ammassa.

neg: Esoteric Nazism Esoteric Nazism is an umbrella term used to describe various mystical interpretations and adaptations of Nazism in the post–World War II period. After 1945, esoteric elements of the Third Reich were adapted into new "völkisch" religions of white nationalism.

neg: Donaldson–Thomas theory In mathematics, specifically algebraic geometry, Donaldson–Thomas theory is the theory of Donaldson–Thomas invariants. Given a compact moduli space of sheaves on a Calabi–Yau threefold, its Donaldson–Thomas invariant is the virtual number of its points, i.e., the integral of the cohomology class 1 against the virtual fundamental class. The Donaldson–Thomas invariant is a holomorphic analogue of the Casson invariant. The invariants were introduced by . Donaldson–Thomas invariants have close connections to Gromov–Witten invariants of algebraic three-folds and the theory of stable pairs due to Pandharipande and Thomas.

neg: Pat Donaldson Pat Donaldson (born circa 1943, Edinburgh, Lothian, Scotland) is a bass guitarist.

neg: Mitrofan Lodyzhensky Mitrofan Vasilyevich Lodyzhensky (Russian: Митрофа́н Васи́льевич Лоды́женский , in some sources Лады́женский (Ladyzhensky ); February 27 [O.S. February 15] 1852 – May 31 [O.S. May 18] 1917 ) was a Russian religious philosopher, playwright, and statesman, best known for his "Mystical Trilogy" comprising "Super-consciousness and the Ways to Achieve It", "Light Invisible", and "Dark Force".

neg: The Esoterics (ensemble) The Esoterics is a vocal ensemble based in Seattle, Washington, that performs contemporary a cappella choral settings of poetry, philosophy, and spiritual writings from around the world.

neg: I. E. S. Edwards Iorwerth Eiddon Stephen Edwards CBE, FBA (21 July 1909 – 24 September 1996) — known as I. E. S. Edwards— was an English Egyptologist considered to be a leading expert on the pyramids.

neg: Richard S. Kirby Richard Stephen Kirby (July 16, 1949—September 24, 2009) was a theologian and chaplain with interests in astronomy, cosmology, and futurology. His thought was considered to be in a direct line of descent from the futurist author H.G. Wells, through the philosopher Olaf Stapledon and the astronomer and science fiction writer Arthur C. Clarke.

neg: A. Ralph Epperson Anthony Ralph Epperson (born November 1, 1937) is an American writer and conspiracy theorist. He is known for his anti-Masonic opinions.

neg: John Donaldson (author) John Donaldson (1921?–1989), also known as Jon Inglis, was a British author and poet most particularly associated in later life with Oxford, England.

neg: The Over-Soul "The Over-Soul" is an acclaimed essay by Ralph Waldo Emerson, first published in 1841. With the human soul as its overriding subject, several general themes are treated: (1) the existence and nature of the human soul; (2) the relationship between the soul and the personal ego; (3) the relationship of one human soul to another; and (4) the relationship of the human soul to God. Influence of Eastern religions, including Vedantism, is plainly evident, but the essay also develops ideas long present in the Western tradition, e.g., in the works of Plato, Plutarch, and Neoplatonists like Plotinus and Proclus – all of whose writings Emerson read extensively throughout his career – and Emanuel Swedenborg.

neg: Art Kunkin Arthur Glick "Art" Kunkin (born 1928) is an American journalist, political organizer, machinist and New Age esotericist best known as the founding publisher and editor of the "Los Angeles Free Press".


query: What  is a board game of physical skill designed by Bill Payne and published in 2001 by Zoch Verlag, Xiangqi or Villa Paletti?

pos: Xiangqi Xiangqi (), also called Chinese chess, is a strategy board game for two players. It is one of the most popular board games in China, and is in the same family as Western (or international) chess, chaturanga, shogi, Indian chess and janggi. Besides China and areas with significant ethnic Chinese communities, xiangqi ("cờ tướng") is also a popular pastime in Vietnam.

pos: Villa Paletti Villa Paletti is a board game of physical skill designed by Bill Payne and published in 2001 by Zoch Verlag. Players compete to build the villa highest using columns from lower floors without collapsing the structure.

neg: Pokémon Tetris Pokémon Tetris (Japanese: ポケモンショックテトリス , "Pokémon Shock Tetris") was a Pokémon-themed adaptation of Tetris for the Pokémon Mini handheld games console published by Nintendo in 2002. The game was only released in Japan and Europe.

neg: Xuan Dou Zhi Wang Xuan Dou Zhi Wang (炫斗之王, "The King of Dazzling Fighters", tentatively translated for an international audience as ""King of Combat"") is an online PC fighting game published by Tencent. The game's first Beta build has been available since 2011 in China via digital download. It is considered a still in-development game and hasn't received a proper release.

neg: Pool Revolution: Cue Sports Pool Revolution: Cue Sports (also known in Europe as Cue Sports: Snooker vs. Billiards and in Japan as Cue Sports: Wi-Fi Taisen Billiards) is a sports simulation video game video game published by Hudson Soft for the Wii's WiiWare service. The game simulates a variety of cue sports. It costs 800 Wii Points to download in the PAL region (mostly Europe) and only 500 in Japan and North America (the NTSC region).

neg: Pacru Pacru is an abstract board game invented by Mike Wellmann. Pacru has much in common with Chess (piece movement with sharp tactical exchanges and long-term positional considerations) and Go (game) (strategic concepts such as area control must be considered). Pacru can be played by 2,3 or 4 people, each controlling a single colour. Commercial versions will usually come with the rules for two other games that can be played with the same equipment, Azacru and Shacru. The game was feature at the Mind Sports Olympiad.

neg: Chapayev (game) Chapayev (Russian: игра в Чапаева, "igra v Chapayeva" ) was a game played on a checkerboard, a unique hybrid of checkers and billiards which is played throughout the territory of the former USSR. The aim is to knock the opponent's pieces off the board. The game is named after the Russian Civil War hero, Vasily Chapayev. Chapayev was popular among children everywhere in the former USSR.

neg: Kelly pool Kelly pool (also known as pea pool, pill pool, keeley, the keilley game, and killy) is a pocket billiards game played on a standard pool table using fifteen numbered markers called peas or pills, and a standard set of sixteen pool balls. Gameplay involves players drawing peas at random from a <dfn id="">shake bottle</dfn> , which assigns to them the correspondingly numbered pool ball, kept secret from their opponents, but which they must pocket in order to win the game. Kelly pool is a <dfn id=">rotation</dfn> game, which means that players must contact the lowest numbered <dfn id=">object ball</dfn> on each shot first until the opportunity to pocket their own is presented. Two rule variants are set forth under rules promulgated by the Billiard Congress of America (BCA). In the simpler form, the object of play starts and ends with the goal of pocketing one's secret ball. In the second, in addition to the goal of pocketing one's secret ball, points are scored in various ways. In the instance where pills are unavailable, a cloth may be used to cover the balls, which are then chosen blindly, recorded, and replaced for play.

neg: Star Wars Epic Duels The Star Wars Epic Duels board game was released by Hasbro in 2002. It was designed for ages 8 and up, and for 2-6 players. "In Epic Duels, you create hundreds of never-before-seen battles or relive classic duels. Stage your battle in 1 of 4 different locations - a landing platform on Kamino, the Execution Arena on Geonosis, the Carbon-Freeze Room or The Emperor's Throne Room. Attack & eliminate your opponents one by one, until you're the last one standing" (from the game box). The game comes with "31 decorated Star Wars figures, 2 double-sided gameboards, 12 character cards, 28 wound markers, 378 cards, 1 die, label sheet and Instructions" (from the gamebox). The main designer of the game was Craig Van Ness, with assistance from Rob Daviau. It is out of print.

neg: Pétanque Pétanque (] ; Occitan: "petanca" ] ) is a form of boules where the goal is to toss or roll hollow steel balls as close as possible to a small wooden ball called a "cochonnet" (literally "piglet") or jack, while standing inside a circle with both feet on the ground. The game is normally played on hard dirt or gravel. It can be played in public areas in parks, or in dedicated facilities called "boulodromes". Similar games are bocce, bowls and (adapted to ice) curling.

neg: Risk: Global Domination Risk: Global Domination is a game for the PlayStation 2 (an Xbox version was canceled), about the very popular board game, "Risk". It was released in 2003. In "Risk: Global Domination", the player tries to dominate the world by defeating eleven famous generals. When players accomplish certain goals they achieve medals such as, the Medal of Jasonic Meret, which is achieved by winning their 10th career game, the Order of the Liberator, which is awarded when conquering the 100th, and Dominato Veinti, which is awarded after achieving all 33 other medals. There are 34 medals to earn total.

neg: Video Hustler Video Hustler (ビデォ・ハスラ一) is a pool (pocket billiards) arcade game released by Konami in 1981.

neg: Tute Tute (] ) is a trick-taking card game for two to four players. Originating in Italy, where it was known as "Tutti", during the 19th century the game spread in Spain, becoming one of the most popular card games in the country. The name of the game was later modified by Spanish speakers, who started calling the game "Tute". The game is played with a deck of traditional Spanish playing cards, or "naipes ", that is very similar to the Italian 40-card deck.

neg: Super Scrabble Super Scrabble is a board game introduced in 2004 and a variant of "Scrabble". In North America "Super Scrabble" is made and marketed by Winning Moves Games, but licensed by Hasbro. In the rest of the world it is manufactured by Tinderbox Games under license from Mattel. "Super Scrabble" is available in English and German. In February 2007, a "Deluxe Super Scrabble" was released with a rotating gameboard and interlocking tiles, just like "Deluxe Scrabble".

neg: Gonzalo Frasca Gonzalo Frasca (born 1972) is a game designer and academic researcher focusing on serious and political videogames. His weblog, Ludology.org, was an important publication during the early 2000s for academic researchers studying video games (see ludology for more information). The concept of ludology refers to the study of the videogame medium in terms of its defining aspects, such as game rule and mechanics. For many years, Frasca also co-published Watercoolergames with Ian Bogost, a blog about serious games.

neg: Hu Ronghua Hu Ronghua (, born 1945) is considered to be one of the best players of xiangqi, or Chinese chess. He is a native of Shanghai.

neg: Khanhoo Khanhoo or Kanhu is a non-partnership Chinese card game of the draw-and-discard structure. It was first recorded during the late Ming dynasty as a multi-trick taking game, a type of game that may be as old as "T'ienkiu" ("Heaven and Nines"), revised in its rules and published in an authorized edition by Emperor Kao Tsung in 1130 AD for the information of his subjects. Meaning "watch the pot", it is very possibly the ancestor of all rummy games.

neg: Pylos (board game) Pylos is a board game invented by David G. Royffe and published by Gigamic. Two players are given 15 marbles each. They take turns to make a pyramid in a 4 by 4 square grid (note that 15 × 2 = 4 × 4 + 3 × 3 + 2 × 2 + 1). Simple rules allow them to save their marbles — if possible, instead of playing a new marble, a player may rise one of his already played marbles to a higher position, and if any move forms a line or 2×2 square of marbles the player's colour, the player may (and indeed must) remove one or two of his marbles from the board. The winner is the player who completes the pyramid.

neg: Kaisa (cue sport) Kaisa or karoliina is a cue sport mainly played in Finland. The game originated in Russia, where it is still played to some extent, and is a close cousin to Russian pyramid. Compared to most other billiards-type games, both use similar large 68 mm (2 ⁄  in) balls, small pockets barely large enough for a ball to enter, and long and heavy cue sticks. Kaisa tables are usually 10 feet long and thus 2 feet shorter than Russian pyramid tables which are usually 12 feet long. It is a two-player or -team game. As with many carom billiards games, both players have their own <dfn id="">cue balls</dfn> used to shoot at the other balls, and usually differentiated by one cue ball having a dot or other marking on it. In all, five balls are used: the yellow <dfn id=">object ball</dfn> (called the "kaisa" in Finnish), two red object balls, and the two white cue balls (each of which serves as an object ball for the opponent). The game is played to 60 <dfn id="">points</dfn> , in a rather elaborate scoring system, reminiscent of those used in snooker and English billiards, with points being awarded for various types of shots. Like both Russian and English billiards, which are also played on large pocket billiards tables, kaisa is a hybrid of carom and pocket billiards game styles. Kaisa is principally a recreational game, without professional players. However, the first kaisa world championship tournament was held in April 2010. Participants came from 33 countries, and the main tournament was held in Kotka. A Finnish player, Marko Rautiainen, won the championship title. Amateur competition in Finland is widespread and popular, with matches being shown on a dedicated Web show on "blip.tv".

neg: Escape from Colditz Escape from Colditz is a strategy card and dice-based board game produced by Gibsons Games and first released in 1973. It was licensed to Parker Brothers in the US in the mid-1970s. The game was devised by successful escaper Pat Reid, based on the prisoner-of-war camp (Oflag IV-C) at Colditz Castle in Germany during World War II.

neg: Chu shogi Chu shogi (中将棋 "chū shōgi" or Middle Shogi) is a strategy board game native to Japan. It is similar to modern shogi (sometimes called Japanese chess) in its rules and gameplay. Its name means "mid-sized shogi", from a time when there were three sizes of shogi variants that were regularly being played. Chu shogi seems to have been developed in the early 14th century as a derivative of dai shogi ("large shogi"). There are earlier references, but it is not clear that they refer to the game as we now know it.

neg: Alfonso Moretti Alfonso Moretti aka “The Angry Trainer” (born December 19, 1973) is an American born personal trainer and physical fitness expert. Best known for his strict style and no holds barred take on health and fitness, he owns and operates Angry Trainer Fitness, a website dedicated to giving readers real world, practical information on health and fitness. Moretti has over 20 years of experience in the industry.


query: Are Peruvian Hairless Dog and Blue Picardy Spaniel both dogs?

pos: Peruvian Hairless Dog The Peruvian Hairless Dog is a breed of dog with its origins in Peruvian pre-Inca cultures. It is one of several breeds of hairless dog.

pos: Blue Picardy Spaniel The Blue Picardy Spaniel (or Épagneul Bleu de Picardie) is a breed of Spaniel originating in France, from the area around the mouth of the River Somme, around the start of the 20th century. It is descended from Picardy Spaniels and English Setters, and is described as a quiet breed that requires much exercise due to its stamina. It is especially good with children. Similar to the Picardy Spaniel, it has a distinctive coloured coat. Recognised by only a handful of kennel associations, the breed is predominantly known in France and Canada.

neg: Toy Trawler Spaniel The Toy Trawler Spaniel is an extinct breed of Spaniel which physically was similar to the King Charles Spaniel of the 16th century. It is considered to have descended from the original King Charles Spaniel, and the older variety of Sussex Spaniel. It was originally used as a sporting dog, but became used as a toy and show dog. It was considered to be on the verge of extinction by 1920. A preserved specimen is kept in Tring at the Natural History Museum.

neg: Slaty brush finch The slaty brush finch ("Atlapetes schistaceus") is a species of bird in the Emberizidae family. It is found in humid Andean forests from western Venezuela, through Colombia, to Ecuador, with a disjunct population in central Peru. The latter is sometimes considered a separate species, the Taczanowski's brush finch ("A. taczanowskii"). Furthermore, the Cuzco brush finch from south-eastern Peru is sometimes considered a subspecies of the slaty brush finch.

neg: Bohemian Shepherd The Bohemian Shepherd is a breed of dog also known as the Chodský pes or the Chodenhund. The Bohemian Shepherd is recognized nationally in Czech Republic but is not recognized by the FCI or any other major kennel club.

neg: Cavalier King Charles Spaniel The Cavalier King Charles Spaniel is a small spaniel classed as a toy dog by The Kennel Club and the American Kennel Club. It originated in the United Kingdom and is one of the more popular breeds in many countries. Since 2000, it has grown in popularity in the United States and ranks as the 18th most popular pure-breed in the United States (2013 Registration Statistics). It has a silky, smooth coat and commonly a smooth undocked tail. The breed standard recognizes four colours: Blenheim (chestnut and white), Tricolor (black/white/tan), Black and Tan, and Ruby. The breed is generally friendly, affectionate and good with both children and other animals; however, they require a lot of human interaction. Since they are a family dog, it is recommended to not leave them alone for long periods at a time. The expected average lifespan of a Cavalier King Charles Spaniel is under ten years.

neg: Peruvian vesper mouse The Peruvian vesper mouse ("Calomys sorellus") is a species of rodent in the family Cricetidae. It is found only in Peru.

neg: Cape wild dog The Cape wild dog ("Lycaon pictus pictus"), also known as South African wild dog or Cape hunting dog, is the nominate subspecies of African wild dog native to Southern Africa.

neg: Crested duck The crested duck ("Lophonetta specularioides") is a species of duck native to South America, the belonging to the monotypic genus "Lophonetta". It is sometimes included in "Anas", but it belongs to a South American clade that diverged early in dabbling duck evolution. There are two subspecies: "L. specularioides alticola" (Andean crested duck) and "L. specularioides specularioides" (Patagonian crested duck). The Patagonian crested duck is also called the southern crested duck and its range lies in the Falklands, Chile, and Argentina.

neg: American Cocker Spaniel The American Cocker Spaniel is a breed of sporting dog. It is a spaniel type dog that is closely related to the English Cocker Spaniel; the two breeds diverged during the 20th century due to differing breed standards in America and the UK. In the United States, the breed is usually called the Cocker Spaniel, while elsewhere in the world, it is called the American Cocker Spaniel in order to differentiate between it and its English cousin, which was already known as "Cocker Spaniel" before the American variety was created. The word "cocker" is commonly held to stem from their use to hunt woodcock in England, while "spaniel" is thought to be derived from the type's origins in Spain.

neg: Ragdoll The Ragdoll is a cat breed with blue eyes and a distinct colourpoint coat. It is a large and muscular semi-longhair cat with a soft and silky coat. Like all long haired cats, Ragdolls need grooming to ensure their fur does not mat. Developed by American breeder Ann Baker in the 1960s, it is best known for its docile and placid temperament and affectionate nature. The name "Ragdoll" is derived from the tendency of individuals from the original breeding stock to go limp and relaxed when picked up. Particularly popular in both the United Kingdom and the breed's native United States, ragdoll cats often are known as "dog-like cats" or "puppy-like cats" due to behaviors such as their tendency to follow people around, their ease at being physically handled, and their relative lack of aggression toward other pets.

neg: Field Spaniel The Field Spaniel is a medium-sized breed dog of the spaniel type. They were originally developed to be all-black show dogs in the late 19th and early 20th centuries and were unpopular for work as a hunting dog. However, during the mid-20th century they were redeveloped as a longer-legged dog that was more suitable to be used for field work. They are now considered to be a rare breed, and are registered as a Vulnerable Native Breed by The Kennel Club.

neg: French Spaniel The French Spaniel (Epagneul Français) is a breed of dog of the Spaniel-like setter. It was developed in France and Canada as a hunting dog, descended from dogs of the 14th century. Popular with royalty during the Middle Ages, it nearly became extinct by the turn of the 20th century but was saved by the efforts of Father Fournier, a French priest. One of the largest breeds of Spaniel, it typically has a white coat with brown markings. It is a friendly breed that has few health issues, but can be affected by a syndrome called acral mutilation and analgesia. The breed is recognised by Canadian and international kennel clubs but not by The Kennel Club (UK). The American Kennel Club has included the breed in its Foundation Stock Service, the first step to full recognition.

neg: Shar Pei The Chinese Shar-Pei, is a breed of dog known for its distinctive features of deep wrinkles and a blue-black tongue. The breed originates from Canton, China. The English name (沙皮, pinyin: "shā pí"; probably derived from British spelling of the Cantonese equivalent, "sā pèih") translates to "sand skin" and refers to the texture of its short, rough coat. As puppies, Shar Pei have numerous wrinkles, but as they mature, these loosen and spread out as they "grow into their skin". Shar Pei were named in 1978 as one of the world's rarest dog breeds by "TIME" magazine and the "Guinness World Records". Although the Shar Pei has been identified as a basal breed that predates the emergence of the modern breeds in the 19th century, the American Kennel Club did not recognize it as a breed until 1992.

neg: South American pilchard The South American pilchard ("Sardinops sagax") is a sardine of the family Clupeidae, the only member of the genus Sardinops. It is found in the Indo-Pacific and East Pacific oceans. Its length is up to 40 cm . It has other names, some of which more appropriately refer to subspecies, including blue pilchard, Australian pilchard ("S. s. neopilchardus"), blue-bait, Californian pilchard ("S. s. caeruleus"), Chilean sardine ("S. s. sagax"), Japanese pilchard ("S. s. melanostictus"), Pacific sardine, and Southern African pilchard ("S. s. ocellatus").

neg: Welsh Springer Spaniel The Welsh Springer Spaniel is a breed of dog and a member of the spaniel family. Thought to be comparable to the old Land Spaniel, they are similar to the English Springer Spaniel and historically have been referred to as both the Welsh Spaniel and the Welsh Cocker Spaniel. They were relatively unknown until a succession of victories in dog trials by the breed increased its popularity. Following recognition by The Kennel Club in 1902, the breed gained the modern name of Welsh Springer Spaniel. The breed's coat only comes in a single colour combination of white with red markings, usually in a piebald pattern. Loyal and affectionate, they can become very attached to family members and are wary of strangers. Health conditions are limited to those common among many breeds of dog, although they are affected more than average by hip dysplasia and some eye conditions. They are a working dog, bred for hunting, and while not as rare as some varieties of spaniel, they are rarer than the more widely known English Springer Spaniel with which they are sometimes confused.

neg: Italian Shepherd The Italian Shepherd, or Pastore Italiano, is a breed of dog. The existence of this breed can be traced back to 1975, when Piero Accettella, of the Little Ranch Kennels, in Cepagatti, in the province of Pescara, in Italy, noticed that, in the surrounding Italian regions of Abruzzo, Umbria, Tuscany, Marche and Northern Lazio, there existed mid-sized dogs with wolf-like features used as livestock herders and known locally as Cane Toccatore. Accettella acquired some of these dogs and crossbred them with Abruzzese Mastiffs, a breed of molosser, to increase their size. The result of this cross was a dog of great intelligence, wary of strangers and a tenacious guardian of property and livestock. The dogs have been found to be ideally suited to the role of guard dog and are easily trained for this task.

neg: Australian Cattle Dog The Australian Cattle Dog (ACD), or simply Cattle Dog, is a breed of herding dog originally developed in Australia for droving cattle over long distances across rough terrain. This breed is a medium-sized, short-coated dog that occurs in two main colour forms. It has either brown or black hair distributed fairly evenly through a white coat, which gives the appearance of a "red" or "blue" dog. It should not be confused with the Australian Shepherd, a similarly named but totally different breed.

neg: Smooth Fox Terrier The Smooth Fox Terrier is a breed of dog, one of many terrier breeds. It was the first breed in the fox terrier family to be given official recognition by The Kennel Club (circa 1875; breed standard 1876). It is well known, and although not a widely popular breed today outside of hunting and show circles, it is extremely significant due to the large number of terriers believed descended from it.

neg: Pampas fox The pampas fox ("Lycalopex gymnocercus"), also known as grey pampean fox, aguará chaí, aguarachay, Azara's fox, or Azara's zorro, is a medium-sized zorro, or "false" fox, native to the South American pampas. The alternative common names are references to Spanish naturalist Félix de Azara.

neg: Polynesian Dog The Polynesian Dog (formerly "Canis pacificus") refers to a few extinct varieties of domesticated pariah dogs from the islands of Polynesia. These dogs were used for both companionship and food and were introduced alongside poultry and pigs to various islands. They died out as a result of the cross-breeding that occurred after other breeds of dogs were introduced.

neg: Shelillon (dog) The Shelillon is a breed of dog of both Spaniel and the Scottish Collie type. It is a loyal friendly breed with moderate shedding, and minimum exercise requirements. To best understand this mixed-breed dog one must understand both its parents, the Papillon and Shetland Sheepdog. A Shelillon is not an American Kennel Club recognized breed.


query: What was name of the premiere performance in the Italian opera house where Jussi Bjorling sometimes performed?

pos: Jussi Björling Johan Jonatan "Jussi" Björling ( , ] ; 5 February 19119 September 1960) was a Swedish tenor. One of the leading operatic singers of the 20th century, Björling appeared for many years at the Metropolitan Opera in New York and less frequently at the major European opera houses, including the Royal Opera House in London and La Scala in Milan.

pos: La Scala La Scala (] ; abbreviation in Italian language for the official name Teatro alla Scala ] ) is an opera house in Milan, Italy. The theatre was inaugurated on 3 August 1778 and was originally known as the "Nuovo Regio Ducale Teatro alla Scala " (New Royal-Ducal Theatre alla Scala). The premiere performance was Antonio Salieri's "Europa riconosciuta".

neg: Il segreto di Susanna Il segreto di Susanna (English: "Susanna's Secret", German: "Susannens Geheimnis") is an intermezzo in one act by Ermanno Wolf-Ferrari to an Italian libretto by Enrico Golisciani. The premiere of the opera was in German, in a translation by Max Kalbeck, at the Hoftheater in Munich on 4 December 1909.

neg: Eugenio Cavallini Eugenio Cavallini (16 June 1806 — 11 April 1881) was an Italian conductor, composer, violinist, and violist. In 1833 he became first violinist of the orchestra at La Scala, a post he held through 1855. He also served as a conductor at La Scala, notably leading the world premieres of Gaetano Donizetti's "Lucrezia Borgia" (1833), Donizetti's "Gemma di Vergy" (1834), Donizetti's "Maria Stuarda" (1835), Saverio Mercadante's "Il giuramento" (1837), Mercadante's "Il bravo" (1839), Giuseppe Verdi's "Oberto" (1839), Verdi's "Un giorno di regno" (1840), Donizetti's "Maria Padilla" (1841), Verdi's "Nabucco" (1842), Verdi's "I Lombardi alla prima crociata" (1843), Verdi's "Giovanna d'Arco" (1845), Federico Ricci's "Estella di Murcia" (1846), and Domenico Ronzani's "Salvator Rosa" (1854).

neg: Un re in ascolto Un re in ascolto ("A King Listens") is an opera by Luciano Berio, who also wrote the Italian libretto. It is based on a short story, Under the Jaguar Sun by Italo Calvino, but incorporates excerpts from Friedrich Einsiedel's 1778 libretto (as reworked by Friedrich Wilhelm Gotter between 1790 and 1791) for an opera based on Shakespeare's "The Tempest". This became "Die Geisterinsel" in 1798, set to music written by Friedrich Fleischmann. In addition, W. H. Auden's "The Sea and the Mirror: A Commentary on Shakespeare's The Tempest" was a source.

neg: Teatro dell'Opera di Roma The Teatro dell'Opera di Roma ("Rome Opera House") is an opera house in Rome, Italy. Originally opened in November 1880 as the 2,212 seat "Costanzi Theatre", it has undergone several changes of name as well modifications and improvements. The present house seats 1,600.

neg: Euridice (Caccini) Euridice is an opera in a prologue and one act by the Italian composer Giulio Caccini. The libretto, by Ottavio Rinuccini, had already been set by Caccini's rival Jacopo Peri in 1600. Caccini's version of "Euridice" was first performed at the Pitti Palace, Florence on 5 December 1602. Caccini hurriedly prepared the score for the press and published it six weeks before Peri's version appeared.

neg: Il Parnaso confuso Il Parnaso confuso ("Parnassus in Turmoil") is an opera by the composer Christoph Willibald Gluck. It takes the form of an "azione teatrale" in one act. The Italian-language libretto is by Pietro Metastasio. The opera premiered on 24 January 1765 at Schönbrunn Palace in Vienna. All the members of the cast were archduchesses of the Habsburg family and the work was conducted by the future Emperor Leopold II from the harpsichord.

neg: Opera house An opera house is a theatre building used for opera performances that consists of a stage, an orchestra pit, audience seating, and backstage facilities for costumes and set building. While some venues are constructed specifically for operas, other opera houses are part of larger performing arts centers.

neg: Francesco Dominici (operatic tenor) Francesco Dominici (1885–1968) was an Italian operatic tenor particularly admired for his acting in comedic roles. He made his professional opera debut as Fernando in Donizetti's "La favorite" at the Teatro Donizetti in Bergamo in 1914. He created the role of Prunier in the original 1917 production of Puccini's "La rondine" at the Grand Théâtre de Monte Carlo, a role which he performed at many other opera houses including the Teatro Comunale di Bologna. Over the next several years he played mostly leading roles at the Teatro Costanzi in Rome including Rodolfo in Puccini's "La Bohème", Fenton in Verdi's "Falstaff", and the Ernesto in Donizetti's "Don Pasquale". In the early 1920s he joined the roster at La Scala where he began playing more buffo roles than leading roles. In 1921, he sang the role of doctor Cajus in Verdi's Falstaff at La Scala and in 1922 was Filipeto in the company's first production of Ermanno Wolf-Ferrari's "I quattro rusteghi". In 1926 he created the role of Emperor Altoum in the original production of Puccini's "Turandot" at La Scala. In 1929 he went on tour with La Scala to Germany. Other roles that Dominici performed at La Scala include David in Wagner's "Die Meistersinger von Nürnberg", Monostatos in Mozart's "The Magic Flute", and the Neipperg in Umberto Giordano's "Madame Sans-Gêne". In 1931 he moved to Cuba, where he taught music for many years. Dominici died in Havana in 1968.

neg: Martin's Lie Martin's Lie is a chamber opera in one act with music and an English language libretto by Gian Carlo Menotti. Commissioned by CBS, it was Menotti's third opera for television after "Amahl and the Night Visitors" and "Labyrinth". Although not initially conceived as a work for the stage, the opera premiered in a live theatrical performance on 3 June 1964 at the Bristol Cathedral for the opening of the 17th annual Bath International Music Festival. The opera was subsequently filmed with the same cast for television under the direction of Kirk Browning. The production used sets and costumes by designer Anthony Powell, and was broadcast nationally by CBS for the opera's United States premiere on 30 May 1965.

neg: Origins of opera The art form known as "opera" originated in Italy in the sixteenth and seventeenth centuries, though it drew upon older traditions of medieval and Renaissance courtly entertainment. The word "opera", meaning "work" in Italian, was first used in the modern musical and theatrical sense in 1639 and soon spread to the other European languages. The earliest operas were modest productions compared to other Renaissance forms of sung drama, but they soon became more lavish and took on the spectacular stagings of the earlier genre known as intermedio.

neg: Rinaldo (opera) Rinaldo (HWV 7) is an opera by George Frideric Handel, composed in 1711, and was the first Italian language opera written specifically for the London stage. The libretto was prepared by Giacomo Rossi from a scenario provided by Aaron Hill, and the work was first performed at the Queen's Theatre in London's Haymarket on 24 February 1711. The story of love, war and redemption, set at the time of the First Crusade, is loosely based on Torquato Tasso's epic poem "Gerusalemme liberata" ("Jerusalem Delivered"), and its staging involved many original and vivid effects. It was a great success with the public, despite negative reactions from literary critics hostile to the contemporary trend towards Italian entertainment in English theatres.

neg: Zanetto Zanetto is an opera in one act by Pietro Mascagni to an Italian libretto by Giovanni Targioni-Tozzetti and Guido Menasci. It received its first performance on 2 March 1896 at the Liceo Musicale Rossini in Pesaro. Only 40 minutes long and with cast of two singers, "Zanetto" was originally described by its composer as a "scena lirica" (lyric scene) rather than an opera. It is set in the countryside near Florence during the Renaissance and tells the story of an encounter between a beautiful courtesan, Silvia, and a young wandering minstrel, Zanetto. The libretto was adapted from an Italian translation by Emilio Praga of François Coppée's play "Le passant" (The passer-by) in which the young Sarah Bernhardt had won fame in the "en travesti" role of Zanetto.

neg: Il trovatore discography This is a partial discography of Giuseppe Verdi's opera "Il trovatore" ("The Troubadour") and "Le trouvère" (the revised version in French translation). At least 83 recordings exist of the opera as a whole, made between 1912 and 2011, although not all of them are absolutely complete. Of these, 45 are live audio recordings, 22 are studio audio recordings, and 16 are videos or movies. "Il trovatore" was first performed at the Teatro Apollo, Rome on 19 January 1853. "Le trouvère" was first presented on 12 January 1857.

neg: Der Sturm (opera) Der Sturm (The tempest) is a German-language opera in three acts by the Swiss composer Frank Martin to a libretto based on the Schlegel/Tieck German translation of Shakespeare's play "The Tempest". It was premiered at the Vienna State Opera in 1955. The role of Prospero was originally conceived for Dietrich Fischer-Dieskau, but illness prevented him participating.

neg: Melodramma Melodramma (plural: "melodrammi") is a 17th-century Italian term for a text to be set as an opera, or the opera itself. In the 19th-century, it was used in a much narrower sense by English writers to discuss developments in the early Italian libretto, e.g., "Rigoletto" and "Un ballo in maschera". Characteristic are the influence of French bourgeois drama, female instead of male protagonists, and the practice of opening the action with a chorus.

neg: Teatro Regio Ducal The Teatro Regio Ducal (Italian, "Royal Ducal Theatre") was the opera house in Milan from 26 December 1717 until 25 February 1776, when it was burned down following a carnival gala. Many famous composers and their operas are associated with it, including the premieres of Mozart's "Ascanio in Alba", "Mitridate, re di Ponto", and "Lucio Silla". The opera house also saw the premiere of Maria Teresa Agnesi Pinottini's "Ciro in Armenia" in 1753; one of the earliest successfully received operas by a female composer. Variant forms such as "Regio-Ducal Teatro" and "Teatro Regio Ducale" are also seen.

neg: Marie Wilt Marie Wilt (also Maria Vilda and Marie Liebenthaler) (30 January 1833 – 24 September 1891) was an Austrian dramatic coloratura soprano. Possessing a wide vocal range with a significant amount of power and flexibility, Wilt sang a wide repertoire that encompassed the operas of Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart, the German operas of Richard Wagner, the grand operas of Giuseppe Verdi, and the bel canto operas of Bellini, Rossini, and Donizetti. She sang for many years at the Vienna Hofoper (now Vienna State Opera) and for a number of seasons at the Royal Opera House, Covent Garden in London. She notably portrayed the role of Sulamith in the world premiere of Karl Goldmark's "Die Königin von Saba" in 1875. Also a regular performer of the concert repertoire, Wilt often appeared in performances of works by Beethoven, Haydn, and Mendelssohn.

neg: Il turco in Italia Il turco in Italia (The Turk in Italy) is an opera in two acts by Gioachino Rossini. The Italian-language libretto was written by Felice Romani. It was a re-working of a libretto by Caterino Mazzolà set as an opera (with the same title) by the German composer in 1788.

neg: Ópera do Tejo The Ópera do Tejo (] , "Tagus Opera") or Real Casa da Ópera ("Royal Opera House") was a luxurious opera house in Lisbon, Portugal. It was inaugurated on March 31, 1755, and destroyed by the major earthquake on November 1 of the same year.

neg: Arianna (Marcello) Arianna (concert performance Venice, 1727, first fully staged performance Venice, 1913) is an opera by the Venetian nobleman composer Benedetto Marcello to a libretto by Vincenzo Cassani, with contributions by Pietro Pariati. The opera was recorded under Filippo Maria Bressan in 2000.


query: Which Indian politician served as a Chairperson for the National Advisory Council and is also a widow of a former Prime Minister?

pos: National Advisory Council The National Advisory Council (NAC) of India was an advisory body set up by the first United Progressive Alliance (UPA) government to advise the Prime Minister of India. Sonia Gandhi served as its Chairperson for much of the tenure of the UPA.

pos: Sonia Gandhi Sonia Gandhi (   ; born Edvige Antonia Albina Màino 9 December 1946) is an Italian-born Indian politician, who has served as President of the Indian National Congress party since 1998. She is the widow of former Prime Minister of India, Rajiv Gandhi who belonged to the Nehru–Gandhi family.

neg: Sanjay Gandhi Sanjay Gandhi (14 December 1946 – 23 June 1980) was an Indian politician. He was a family member of the Nehru-Gandhi dynasty. During his lifetime he was widely expected to succeed his mother, Indira Gandhi as head of the Indian National Congress, but following his early death in a plane crash his elder brother Rajiv became their mother's political heir, and succeeded her as Prime Minister of India after her death. Sanjay's widow Maneka Gandhi and son Varun Gandhi are leading politicians in the BJP.

neg: Praful Patel Praful Manoharbhai Patel (born 17 February 1957 in Kolkata, India) is an Indian politician and businessman. His father, Manoharbhai Patel, was an Indian National Congress leader and had been elected to represent Gondia district in Maharashtra. Patel graduated with a Bachelor of Commerce degree from the University of Bombay and married Varsha Patel, a Gujarati businessman's daughter. In 2004, Patel became the Union Minister for Civil Aviation and in 2011, Patel was the Cabinet Minister for Heavy Industries and Public Enterprises.

neg: Syed Shahnawaz Hussain Syed Shahnawaz Hussain (   ) is an Indian Politician and he is the current Spokesperson of the Bharatiya Janata Party and a former Cabinet Minister.

neg: Anjuman Ara Jamil Anjuman Ara Jamil was a former member of parliament and the widow Brigadier General Jamil Uddin Ahmad.

neg: Jeanne Abdullah Tun Jeanne Abdullah née Danker is the current wife of former Prime Minister of Malaysia, Tun Abdullah Ahmad Badawi. She married Abdullah Badawi while he was in office. She was his second wife after the death of Badawi's first wife, Endon Mahmood.

neg: Kariya Munda Kariya Munda (born 20 April 1936) is an Indian politician and the former Deputy Speaker of the 15th Lok Sabha. He has been a former minister in the Government of India, in the Governments led by the Janata Party in 1977 and by Bhartiya Janata Party, from 1999 onwards. He was first inducted in the Morarji Desai government in 1977 and given the portfolio of Steel Ministry, in the capacity as the Minister of State. He was a cabinet minister in the ministry headed by Atal Bihari Vajpayee, including the famous stint in the 13 days' government in 1999 and afterwards. He has now been among the senior leaders of Bharatiya Janata Party, rising from the days of the 'Jansangh' and have witnessed many ups and downs in the Indian politics, particularly since the days of emergency.

neg: Surrendar Saini Surrendar Saini is an Indian social worker and the chairperson of the "Bhavan Institute of Indian Art and Culture". She is the Pradesh chairperson of the "Bharat Sevak Samaj", Delhi and the chairperson of the "Delhi Social Welfare Advisory Board", a State Government sponsored organization for women and child welfare. She was a member of the committee set up by the Ministry of Social Justice and Empowerment in 1999 for proposing amendments to the " Persons with Disabilities Act" of 1995. The Government of India awarded her the third highest civilian honour of the Padma Bhushan, in 1970, for her contributions to society.

neg: Lakshmi Krishnamurti Lakshmi Krishnamurti (1 August 1925 – 14 June 2009) was an Indian author and politician. She is the daughter of Indian independence activist S. Satyamurti.

neg: Neelam Sonkar Shrimati Neelam Sonkar (born 11 February 1973 ) is a vocal n knowledgeable politician from Azamgarh, Uttar Pradesh state of India.She has been prominently raising issues of public interest in the Parliament

neg: Dayawati Modi Dayawati Modi (1915–1994) was a philanthropist and the wife of the founder of Modi Enterprises, Rai Bahadur Gujarmal Modi. People she helped due to her altruistic nature colloquially referred to her as "Maji" as a sign of respect and gratitude. Her contribution towards development of society in Modinagar and elsewhere was underlined by her dedication towards uplifting the underprivileged and providing educational opportunities to women and children.

neg: Maryam Nawaz Maryam Safdar (Urdu:  ; born 28 October 1973), better known by the name Maryam Nawaz Sharif (Urdu:  ), is a Pakistani politician who is the daughter of former Prime Minister of Pakistan Nawaz Sharif and the First Lady of Pakistan Kalsoom Nawaz Sharif.

neg: P. R. Kurup Puthanpurayil Ramunni Kurup, commonly known as P. R. Kurup (30 September 1915 – 17 January 2001), was an Indian socialist leader and former minister of Kerala state. Born as the son of Govindan Nambiar and Kunjunjamma at Puthur near Panoor in present-day Kerala state, he was initiated into politics through Indian National Congress in 1935. He got attracted to the ideals of the socialist faction later and worked closely with various socialist parties such as Praja Socialist Party, Samyukta Socialist Party, Janata Party and Janata Dal. In 1967, he became cooperative, irrigation and Devaswam minister in the EMS ministry. In 1996, he became minister for forests and transport in the E. K. Nayanar ministry. He resigned on January 11, 1999 after age-related ailments. He died on January 17, 2001. He was married to (late) K. P. Leelavathi and had four sons and four daughters, including former Kerala state agricultural minister K. P. Mohanan.

neg: Anwara Taimur Syeda Anwara Taimur (born 24 November 1936) was the chief minister of the Indian state of Assam from 6 December 1980 to 30 June 1981. She is a leader of the Indian National Congress party in Assam and a member of the All India Congress Committee (AICC).

neg: Prema Cariappa Iychettira Prema Cariappa is an Indian political and social worker. A politician from Indian National Congress party, she was a former Mayor of Bangalore and a former MP (member of the Parliament of India), as she was representing Karnataka in the Rajya Sabha, the upper house of the Indian Parliament. She is also the chairperson of the Central Social Welfare Board.

neg: Vishram Patil murder case The Vishram Patil murder case gained national attention in India when the widow of the murder victim accused Pratibha Patil, the presidential nominee of the United Progressive Alliance, of shielding her brother, G. N. Patil, in relation to it.

neg: Jaya Jaitly Jaya Jaitly (born 14 June 1942) is an Indian politician and former Samata Party president, an activist, author and Indian handicrafts curator. She stepped down as party president because of the Operation West End controversy in 2002.

neg: Bikash Sinha Bikash Sinha is an Indian physicist, active in the fields of nuclear physics and high energy physics. Bikash Sinha was the director of the Saha Institute of Nuclear Physics and Variable Energy Cyclotron Centre and the chairman of the Board of Governors of the National Institute of Technology, Durgapur in June 2005. He retired from service as the director of Variable Energy Cyclotron Centre and the Saha Institute of Nuclear Physics in June 2009. Presently he is the Homi Bhabha Chair Professor of the Variable Energy Cyclotron Centre. He is also a member of scientific advisory board to the Prime Minister of India. He received Padma Shri in 2001 and Padma Bhushan in 2010. He is the cousin of late Atish Chandra Sinha and nephew of Bimal Chandra Sinha, Zamindar of Kandi in Murshidabad and Land Reforms Minister of West Bengal under the Chief Ministership of Bidhan Chandra Ray.

neg: P. N. Dhar Prithvi Nath Dhar (P.N. Dhar, 1 March 1919 – 19 July 2012) was an economist and the head of Indira Gandhi's secretariat and one of her closest advisers.

neg: Mukul Roy Mukul Roy (Bengali: মুকুল রায় ; born 17 April 1954) was the Railway Minister of India. He is an Indian politician and a member of the Rajya Sabha, the upper house of the Parliament of India, representing West Bengal. He also serves as the National Vice-President of his party, the All India Trinamool Congress. After Mamata Banerjee resigned as the Railway Minister she was to become the Chief Minister of West Bengal, Roy was handed additional charge of the Railway Ministry after Mamata didi expressed her desire that her party retain the Railway Ministry and personally recommended Mr. Roy to Prime Minister Manmohan Singh. He served as a Minister of State in the Railway Ministry with Manmohan Singh serving as the Cabinet Minister (pro tem) till 11 July 2011. Mukul Roy's Railway ministry will run a special train called "DU Gyan Uday Express" a Bengali worded statement, which will take 1000 students of Delhi University to places like Ahmedabad, Mumbai, Goa and Bangalore during the summer break of 2012. He has resigned from Trinamool Congress on 25th September, 2017. An application has been submitted to the Election Commission for the formation of the new political party called Nationalist Trinamool Congress Party and Mukul aide Amitabha Majumdar has been named as the President. The head office of the party is located in Dinhata, in North Bengal.

neg: T. K. A. Nair Thottuvelil Krishna Pillai Ayappan Nair (born in 1939) is a career civil servant who formerly served as Adviser to the Prime Minister of India with the rank of the Minister of State. He also previously served as Principal Secretary to Prime Minister of India.


query: Who wrote the Percy Jackson books?

pos: The Heroes of Olympus The Heroes of Olympus is a pentalogy of adventure, mythological fiction and fantasy novels by American author Rick Riordan that collectively form a sequel series to the "Percy Jackson & the Olympians" series. This series details a conflict between Greek and Roman demigods and Gaea, the earth goddess. Riordan introduces Roman mythology into his sequel series as well as several new characters. The first book of the series, "The Lost Hero", was published on October 12, 2010. The final entry in the series, "The Blood of Olympus", was published on October 7, 2014.

pos: Percy Jackson & the Olympians Percy Jackson & the Olympians, often shortened to Percy Jackson, is a pentalogy of adventure and mythological fiction books written by American author Rick Riordan, and the first book series in the Camp Half-Blood Chronicles. Five supplementary books, along with three graphic novels, have also been released. More than 45 million copies of the books have been sold in more than 35 countries.

neg: Percy Tarrant Percy Tarrant (1855–1934), was a British artist and illustrator.

neg: Percy (soundtrack) Percy is a 1971 film soundtrack for the British comedy film "Percy" performed by English rock group the Kinks with additional orchestral arrangements conducted by Stanley Myers. The songs were written by Ray Davies and include both standard rock/pop songs and instrumental numbers.

neg: Penguin Red Classics Penguin Red Classics is a series of novels published by Penguin Books in the UK. There are 39 books in the series. The books are from the Penguin Classics imprint, but do not contain any introductory material or commentary, instead focussing on the story.

neg: Percy & Thunder Percy & Thunder is a 1993 television film directed by Ivan Dixon. It premiered on TNT on September 7, 1993.

neg: Percy Brown (art historian) Percy Brown (1872–1955) was a renowned British scholar, artist, art critic, historian and archaeologist, well known as an author on Indian architecture and art, especially for his studies on Greco-Bactrian art.

neg: Sally Lloyd-Jones Sally Lloyd-Jones is a British children's book writer.

neg: Percy MacKaye Percy MacKaye (1875–1956) was an American dramatist and poet.

neg: L. Sprague de Camp Lyon Sprague de Camp ( ; 27 November 1907 – 6 November 2000), better known as L. Sprague de Camp, was an American writer of science fiction, fantasy, non-fiction and biography. In a career spanning 60 years, he wrote over 100 books, including novels and works of non-fiction, such as biographies of other fantasy authors. He was a major figure in science fiction in the 1930s and 1940s.

neg: Harry Potter Fan Zone Harry Potter Fan Zone is an Australian "Harry Potter" fansite created in 2003 by Australian teenager Andy McCray. "Harry Potter" author J. K. Rowling awarded the website a "Fan Site Award," stating that "[it] is a great Australian site with an impressively young staff who have produced some really insightful editorials."

neg: Mary Lyons Mary-Jo Wormell (born 1947), better known as Mary Lyons, was a popular British writer of 45 romance novels for Mills & Boon from 1983 to 2001.

neg: James Goss (producer) James Goss (born 1974) is an English writer and producer, known both for his work in cult TV spin-off media, including tie-in novels and audio stories for "Doctor Who" and "Torchwood", and for his fictional works beyond ready made universes.

neg: Jo Clayton Jo Clayton (February 15, 1939 – February 13, 1998) was an American fantasy and science fiction author. She wrote 35 novels and many short stories. Her works sold over one and a quarter million copies.

neg: Lisa Jackson (author) Susan Lisa Jackson (known as Lisa Jackson; born 1952) is a best-selling American author of over 75 romance novels and romantic suspense novels.

neg: Ares (comic book) Ares is a 2006 Marvel Comics comic book limited series starring the character of the same name is written by Michael Avon Oeming and pencilled by Travel Foreman.

neg: Peter Grant (book series) The Peter Grant series (alternatively, the Rivers of London series or the PC Grant series) is a series of urban fantasy novels by English author Ben Aaronovitch, and comics/graphic novels by Aaronovitch and Andrew Cartmel, illustrated by Lee Sullivan.

neg: Suzanne Collins Suzanne Collins (born August 10, 1962) is an American television writer and author, best known as the author of "The New York Times" best selling series "The Underland Chronicles" and "The Hunger Games" trilogy (which consists of "The Hunger Games", "Catching Fire", and "Mockingjay").

neg: Peter Jackson Sir Peter Robert Jackson {'1': ", '2': ", '3': ", '4': "} (born 31 October 1961) is a New Zealand film director, screenwriter and film producer. He is best known as the director, writer, and producer of "The Lord of the Rings" trilogy (2001–03) and "The Hobbit" trilogy (2012–14), both of which are adapted from the novels of the same name by J. R. R. Tolkien. Other notable films include the critically lauded drama "Heavenly Creatures" (1994), the mockumentary "Forgotten Silver" (1995), the horror comedy "The Frighteners" (1996), the epic monster remake film "King Kong" (2005), and the supernatural drama film "The Lovely Bones" (2009). He also produced "District 9" (2009), "The Adventures of Tintin: The Secret of the Unicorn" (2011), and the documentary "West of Memphis" (2012).

neg: Karen Lee Field Karen Lee Field (born in 1961 in London, England) is an author of fantasy novels for younger readers, 9 to 12-year olds, as well as adults. She also writes short fiction.

neg: Prince Caspian Prince Caspian (originally published as Prince Caspian: The Return to Narnia) is a high fantasy novel for children by C. S. Lewis, published by Geoffrey Bles in 1951. It was the second published of seven novels in "The Chronicles of Narnia" (1950–1956), and Lewis had finished writing it in 1949, before the first book was out. It is volume four in recent editions of the series, sequenced according to Narnia history. Like the others, it was illustrated by Pauline Baynes and her work has been retained in many later editions.

neg: The Life of Percy Bysshe Shelley The Life of Percy Bysshe Shelley is an unfinished posthumous biography of the Romantic poet Percy Bysshe Shelley that was written by his friend Thomas Jefferson Hogg. The first two of the four planned volumes were released in 1858 to largely unfavourable reviews. Though a few friends of Percy Shelley enjoyed the book, many critics attacked the book for being poorly edited and for portraying Shelley negatively. Though more volumes were planned, they were never published because of the Shelley family's objections to Hogg's treatment of him.


query: What American dancer, actor, singer, director, and choreographer was in the 1943 musical comedy Du Barry Was a Lady?

pos: Du Barry Was a Lady (film) Du Barry Was a Lady is a 1943 American musical comedy film, starring Red Skelton, Lucille Ball, Gene Kelly and Tommy Dorsey and his Orchestra. It is based on the 1939 stage musical of the same name. Shot in Technicolor, the film was directed by Roy Del Ruth and produced and distributed by Metro-Goldwyn-Mayer.

pos: Gene Kelly Eugene Curran Kelly (August 23, 1912 – February 2, 1996) was an American dancer, actor of film, stage and television, singer, film director, producer, and choreographer. He was known for his energetic and athletic dancing style, his good looks, and the likeable characters that he played on screen.

neg: His Butler's Sister His Butler's Sister is a 1943 American romantic comedy film directed by Frank Borzage and starring Deanna Durbin. The supporting cast includes Franchot Tone, Pat O'Brien, Akim Tamiroff, Evelyn Ankers and Hans Conreid.

neg: Ladies' Day Ladies' Day is a 1943 American comedy film directed by Leslie Goodwins and written by Charles E. Roberts and Dane Lussier. The film stars Lupe Vélez, Eddie Albert, Patsy Kelly, Max Baer and Jerome Cowan. It was released on April 9, 1943, by RKO Pictures.

neg: Mary Eaton Mary Eaton (January 29, 1901 – October 10, 1948) was a leading American stage actress, singer, and dancer in the 1910s and 1920s. A professional performer since childhood, she enjoyed success in stage productions such as the "Ziegfeld Follies" and early sound films such as "Glorifying the American Girl" and "The Cocoanuts," but found her career in sharp decline by the mid-1930s. A battle with alcoholism led to her death in 1948 from liver failure.

neg: Peggy Ryan Margaret O'Rene "Peggy" Ryan (August 28, 1924 – October 30, 2004) was an American dancer, best known for starring in a series of movie musicals at Universal Pictures with Donald O'Connor and Gloria Jean.

neg: The Human Comedy (film) The Human Comedy is a 1943 American drama film directed by Clarence Brown and adapted by Howard Estabrook. It is often thought to be based on the William Saroyan novel of the same name, but Saroyan actually wrote the screenplay first, was fired from the movie project, and quickly wrote the novel and published it just before the film was released. The picture stars Mickey Rooney with Frank Morgan. Also appearing in the film are James Craig, Marsha Hunt, Fay Bainter, Ray Collins, Van Johnson, Donna Reed and Jackie 'Butch' Jenkins. Robert Mitchum (as "Quentin") and Don DeFore appear together as boisterous soldiers in uncredited supporting roles.

neg: Honolulu (film) Honolulu is an American musical film that was released by Metro-Goldwyn-Mayer in 1939. The film stars dancer Eleanor Powell and Robert Young, and was directed by Edward Buzzell. Also appearing in the film are George Burns, Gracie Allen, Eddie "Rochester" Anderson, and Rita Johnson.

neg: Never Gonna Dance Never Gonna Dance is a Broadway musical featuring the music of Jerome Kern. The musical was based on the 1936 Fred Astaire/Ginger Rogers film "Swing Time". Lyricists include Oscar Hammerstein, Ira Gershwin, P. G. Wodehouse, Bernard Dougall, Johnny Mercer, Jimmy McHugh, Otto Harbach, and Dorothy Fields.

neg: Cuban Pete (film) Cuban Pete is a 1946 black-and-white musical comedy film released in the United States. It was directed by Jean Yarbrough and starred the Cuban-born actor and musician Desi Arnaz.

neg: Louis Douglas Louis Winston Douglas, sometimes spelled Douglass (May 14, 1889, Philadelphia - May 19, 1939, New York City) was an American dancer, choreographer, and music businessman.

neg: Barry Lather Barry Lather (born August 16, 1966 in Albany, New York) is an American director, choreographer, producer, dancer and singer.

neg: Nancye Hayes Nancye Lee Hayes AM (born 1943) is an Australian actress, dancer, singer and choreographer/director. She has been a leading figure in Australian musical theatre since the 1960s.

neg: Jayne Walton Rosen Jayne Walton Rosen (August 28, 1917 – January 10, 2010) was an American entertainer, singer and actress, who worked as Lawrence Welk's Champagne Lady from 1940 until 1945.

neg: Paul Hartman Paul Hartman (March 1, 1904–October 2, 1973) was an American dancer, stage performer and television character actor.

neg: Lee Roy Reams Lee Roy Reams (born August 23, 1942) is an American musical theatre actor, singer, dancer, choreographer, and director.

neg: Belle of the Yukon Belle of the Yukon is a 1944 American film produced and directed by William A. Seiter and starring Randolph Scott, Gypsy Rose Lee, and Dinah Shore. Based on a story by Houston Branch and set in the days of the great Canadian Gold Rush, the film is about a "reformed" con artist-turned-dance hall owner whose girlfriend, played by Gypsy Rose Lee, tries to keep him on the straight and narrow. In 1946, "Belle of the Yukon" received Academy Award nominations for Best Original Song and Best Music Scoring.

neg: Dance, Little Lady Dance, Little Lady is a 1954 British film directed by Val Guest, and starring Terence Morgan, Mai Zetterling, Guy Rolfe and Mandy Miller.

neg: Let's Dance (1950 film) Let's Dance is a 1950 musical romantic comedy Technicolor film starring Betty Hutton and Fred Astaire, and released by Paramount Pictures.

neg: Dorothy Provine Dorothy Michelle Provine (January 20, 1935 – April 25, 2010) was an American singer, dancer, actress, and comedienne.

neg: Lady Be Good (1941 film) Lady Be Good is an MGM musical film released in 1941.

neg: Carol Channing Carol Elaine Channing (born January 31, 1921) is an American actress, singer, dancer and comedian. Notable for starring in Broadway and film musicals, her characters typically radiate a fervent expressiveness and an easily identifiable voice, whether singing or for comedic effect. Carol Channing also studied acting at The Neighborhood Playhouse School of the Theatre in New York City.


query: Who did the current CEO of Station Casinos found Zuffa with?

pos: Zuffa Zuffa, LLC ( ) is an American sports promotion company specializing in mixed martial arts. It was founded in January 2001 in Las Vegas, Nevada, by Station Casinos executives Frank Fertitta III and Lorenzo Fertitta to be the parent entity of the Ultimate Fighting Championship (UFC) after they purchased it from the Semaphore Entertainment Group. The word "Zuffa" is an Italian word (] ), meaning "fight". On July 11, 2016, Zuffa announced that it would be purchased by WME-IMG for the price of $4 billion.

pos: Frank Fertitta III Frank Joseph Fertitta III (born February 24, 1962) is an American entrepreneur. He is the current CEO of Station Casinos. He is also an owner of Zuffa LLC, which is the entity that formerly ran the Ultimate Fighting Championship (UFC).

neg: Bob Iger Robert Allen Iger ( ; born February 10, 1951) is an American businessman who is chairman and chief executive officer (CEO) of The Walt Disney Company. Before Disney, Iger served as the president of ABC Television from 1994 to 1995 and the president and chief operating officer (COO) of Capital Cities/ABC, Inc. from 1995 until Disney's acquisition of the company in 1996. He was named president and COO of Disney in 2000, and later succeeded Michael Eisner as CEO in 2005, after a successful effort by Roy E. Disney to shake up the management of the company. As part of his yearly compensation, Iger earned $44.9 million in 2015.

neg: Mike McFadden Michael "Mike" McFadden (born September 7, 1964) is an American businessperson and the co-CEO of Lazard Middle Market, a Minneapolis-based investment bank. McFadden was the Republican candidate in Minnesota for U.S. Senate against incumbent Al Franken in 2014.

neg: Charles Moorman Charles Wickliffe "Wick" Moorman IV (born 1953 in Hattiesburg, Mississippi) is an American businessman and railroader. Moorman is currently the co-Chief Executive Officer of Amtrak, where he formerly served as President and CEO. Prior to his hiring by Amtrak, Moorman served as chairman, president and CEO of Norfolk Southern Railway. At Norfolk Southern, he succeeded David R. Goode on February 1, 2006. Moorman served as president from 2004 to 2013 and chief executive officer from 2005 until his initial retirement in 2015.

neg: Warren Stephens Warren Amerine Stephens (born February 18, 1957) is an American businessman. He is the chairman, president and chief executive officer (CEO) of Stephens Inc., a full service, privately held investment bank. On the "Forbes" 2016 list of the world's billionaires, he was ranked #722 with a net worth of US$2.4 billion. Stephens lives in Little Rock, Arkansas.

neg: Jonathan Shecter Jonathan Miles Shecter (born August 4, 1968), also known as "Shecky Green," is the co-founder of the music and culture magazine "The Source", former Director of Programming for the Wynn Las Vegas, and current Editor-In-Chief for Cuepoint at Medium.

neg: Danny Zappin Danny Zappin (born 1975) is an American businessman. He is the co-founder of Maker Studios, and the founder, president and CEO of Zealot Networks.

neg: Chris Albrecht Chris Albrecht (born July 24, 1952) is an American media executive. Albrecht is Chief Executive Officer and President of Starz. He is responsible for overseeing Starz Networks, Starz Distribution, Anchor Bay Entertainment, Starz Worldwide Distribution, Starz Digital Media and Starz Animation. As of January 2013, Starz became an independent publicly traded company on the NASDAQ.

neg: Mark Thompson (investor) Mark C. Thompson is an American author, executive coach, keynote speaker, businessman and venture capitalist. He is the co-author of the international bestsellers, "Admired - 21 Ways to Double Your Value", "Success Built to Last" and "Now, Build a Great Business!" as well as a venture investor, executive coach, and a producer/coach of the executive leadership program, "Leader Powertools". Thompson’s list of clients includes executives, entrepreneurs, non-profit leaders, billionaires, presidents of nations all over the world, and the leaders of small and large organizations. Thompson is CEO and co-founder of "Virgin Unite" Mentors, Sir Richard Branson's network for executive coaching and entrepreneurial innovation. Thompson is also a Broadway producer of the Tony Award-winning play "Peter and the Starcatcher" and Tony nominated "StickFly".

neg: Chad Zumock Chad Anthony Zumock is an American comedian, former radio personality, writer, and actor.

neg: Trump Entertainment Resorts Trump Entertainment Resorts, Inc. was a gaming and hospitality company that owned and operated the now shuttered Trump Taj Mahal hotel and casino, as well as the now shuttered Trump Plaza Hotel and Casino and the Trump Marina located in Atlantic City, New Jersey, United States. Formerly known as Trump Hotels & Casino Resorts, it was founded in 1995 by Donald Trump, now 45th President of the United States, who has not had any formal role in the company since 2011, if not earlier. The company filed for bankruptcy in 2004, 2009 and 2014. It has been a subsidiary of Icahn Enterprises since 2016.

neg: Shaul Olmert Shaul Olmert (born 1975) is an Israeli entrepreneur and business executive. He is the co-founder of Playbuzz, an online content publishing platform where he serves as the company's CEO. He has been involved in numerous other startups including NetAlign, GameGround, and Sundaysky. Olmert also worked as an executive with Nickelodeon/MTV Networks and Conduit.

neg: Jim Breyer James W. Breyer (born July 1961) is an American venture capitalist, founder and CEO of Breyer Capital, an investment and venture philanthropy firm, and a partner at Accel Partners, a venture capital firm. Breyer has invested in over 30 companies that have gone public or completed a merger, with some of these investments, including Facebook, earning over 100 times cost and many others over 25 times cost. On the "Forbes" 2016 list of the world's billionaires, he was ranked #722 with a net worth of US$2.4 billion.

neg: Andy Penn Andrew "Andy" Penn, FCCA, MBA is the current CEO of Telstra

neg: Carolyn Kepcher Carolyn Kepcher (born January 30, 1969) is an American businesswoman, perhaps best known for her regular appearances on the NBC television program "The Apprentice". She was formerly the Executive Vice President, Chief Operating Officer, for the Trump Golf Properties. Before her career with Trump ended in August 2006, she monitored the progress of the contestants on the program and assisted Donald Trump in determining who should be fired.

neg: Mickey Drexler Millard "Mickey" S. Drexler (born August 17, 1944) is the former CEO and current Chairman of J.Crew Group and formerly the CEO of Gap Inc. He was a director at Apple Inc. from 1999 to 2015.

neg: Main Street Station Hotel and Casino and Brewery The Main Street Station Hotel and Casino and Brewery is a hotel and casino located in Downtown Las Vegas, Nevada. It is owned by Boyd Gaming. The casino is connected to California Hotel and Casino by an enclosed skywalk over Main Street.

neg: Billy Dec Billy Dec is an entertainment television personality, attorney and entrepreneur. As the CEO/Founder of Rockit Ranch Productions, a Chicago hospitality and entertainment development company, Dec and his team specialize in the creation, marketing and management of some of the city’s top venues including Rockit, Sunda, Underground, Rockit Burger Bar, Bottlefork, The Duck Inn at Otto Mezzo. Dec appears regularly on ABC Chicago's "Windy City Live", and 103.5 KISS FM, and NBC's "Today Show". In addition, he has appeared on shows such as "Empire" and "Criminal Minds". Dec recently launched Elston Films, a production company to bring more film and television projects to the city of Chicago. In May 2014, President Obama appointed Dec to serve on his White House Commission on Asian Americans and Pacific Islanders, where he also served on the White House Bullying Prevention Task Force.

neg: David Giampaolo David Anthony Giampaolo (born 1958) is the chief executive of Pi Capital, a London-based investor club. He is also a noted entrepreneur in the global health and fitness sector. He has been described as “…London’s most networked man” by "The Times" and other newspapers. He has co-founded or served on the board of several large businesses, including Fitness First, 24 Hour Fitness, Zumba and GlobalFit. He is a trustee of Speakers4Schools and a board member of UK technology firm Smartmatic.

neg: Raj Fernando Rajiv K. "Raj" Fernando (born July 8, 1971) is an American businessman, political fundraiser and donor, and philanthropist. He is the current Chairman and CEO of Scoutahead.com and the former CEO of Chopper Trading.

neg: Cameron Zubko Cameron Zubko (born 1975) is a Canadian businessman and Chief Operating Officer of Ice Wireless, a Canadian 3G/4G telecommunications company.


query: Victor Drai produced which 1989 American comedy film written by Robert Klane?

pos: Victor Drai Victor Drai (born July 25, 1947) is a Franco-American nightclub owner, entrepreneur and film producer. Drai rose to prominence in the 1980s, producing the movies "The Woman in Red" and "Weekend at Bernie's", before leaving the industry to open a string of high-profile restaurants and nightclubs.

pos: Weekend at Bernie's Weekend at Bernie's is a 1989 American comedy film written by Robert Klane and directed by Ted Kotcheff. The film stars Andrew McCarthy and Jonathan Silverman as young insurance corporation employees who discover their boss, Bernie, dead. While attempting to convince people that Bernie is still alive, they discover that Bernie had ordered their deaths to cover up his embezzlement.

neg: River of Death (film) River of Death is a 1989 American action film written and directed by Steve Carver and starring Michael Dudikoff. It is based on the novel of the same name by Alistair MacLean.

neg: Deceit (1989 film) Deceit is a 1989 minimalist science fiction film. The entire film was shot in three days. The plot follows aliens who decide to postpone their plans to destroy Earth until they are able to have sexual relations with some of the women on the planet.

neg: Fletch Lives Fletch Lives is a 1989 American comedy film starring Chevy Chase and a sequel to "Fletch" directed by Michael Ritchie with a screenplay by Leon Capetanos based on the character created by Gregory Mcdonald. "Fletch Lives" was released by Universal Pictures.

neg: Chattahoochee (film) Chattahoochee is a 1989 American drama film directed by Mick Jackson and starring Gary Oldman and Dennis Hopper. The film is based on the real-life experiences of Chris Calhoun, who met screenwriter James Hicks, who then wrote a script based on his internment in a Florida state mental institution. It was turned down by several major studios before being accepted by Hemdale Film Corporation, a small British-owned, Los Angeles-based company that also produced "Platoon", "Hoosiers", "The Last Emperor", and "Salvador".

neg: Bhama Kalapam Bhama Kalapam is a 1988 Telugu comedy film, produced by Gandham Jagan Mohan on Raga Himaja Films banner and directed by Relangi Narasimha Rao. Starring Rajendra Prasad, Rajani, Ramya Krishna in the lead roles and music composed by Vasu Rao.

neg: Siva (1989 Telugu film) Siva (also spelt Shiva) is a 1989 Indian Telugu-language crime drama film written and directed by Ram Gopal Varma in his directorial debut. Produced by Akkineni Venkat and Yarlagadda Surendra under their banners of Annapurna Studios and SS Creations, "Siva" starred Akkineni Nagarjuna, Amala, and Raghuvaran. The film's basic plot, adapted from Bruce Lee's "Way of the Dragon" (1972), revolves around the conflict between college student-turned-gangster Siva and Bhavani, a reputed crime boss mentored by the politician Machiraju. "Siva" explores the concepts of student exploitation by anti-social elements and the impact of crowd psychology.

neg: Robert Downey Jr. filmography Robert Downey Jr. is an American actor who has acted in numerous films and television series. In the 1980s, he was considered a member of the Brat Pack after appearing in the films "Weird Science" with Anthony Michael Hall (1985), "Back to School" with Rodney Dangerfield (1986), "Less Than Zero" with Andrew McCarthy (1987), and "Johnny Be Good" again with Hall (1988). Downey also starred in the films "True Believer" (1989) and "Chances Are" (1989), and was a regular cast member on the late-night variety show "Saturday Night Live" in 1985.

neg: Let It Ride (film) Let It Ride is a 1989 American comedy film directed by Joe Pytka and starring Richard Dreyfuss, David Johansen, Teri Garr, Jennifer Tilly, Cynthia Nixon and Robbie Coltrane. It was written by Nancy Dowd (credited as Ernest Morton) and based on the novel "Good Vibes" by Jay Cronley. The story's light comedy is centered on a normally unsuccessful habitual gambler who experiences a day in which he wins every bet he places, and focuses on the personality contrasts and the perpetually upbeat, hopeful attitudes of losers.

neg: Victor Sutherland Victor Sutherland (February 28, 1889 – August 29, 1968) was an American stage, film, and television actor.

neg: Mississippi Burning Mississippi Burning is a 1988 American crime thriller film directed by Alan Parker, and written by Chris Gerolmo. It is loosely based on the FBI's investigation into the 1964 Chaney, Goodman and Schwerner murder case in Mississippi. The film stars Gene Hackman and Willem Dafoe as two FBI agents assigned to investigate the disappearance of three civil rights workers in fictional Jessup County, Mississippi. The investigation is met with hostility and backlash by the town's residents, local police and the Ku Klux Klan (KKK).

neg: Trust Me (1989 film) Trust Me is a 1989 American crime film written and directed by Robert Houston and starring Adam Ant, David Packer and Talia Balsam.

neg: Cappuccino (film) Cappuccino is a 1989 Australian comedy film about out of work actors.

neg: Enne Petha Raasa Ennai Petha Raasa is a 1989 Indian Tamil film, directed by Siraj and produced by Rajkiran. The film stars Ramarajan, Rupini, Srividya and Vinu Chakravarthy in lead roles. The film had musical score by Ilayaraja.

neg: Driving Force (film) Driving Force is a 1989 action film directed by A.J. Prowse.

neg: Rathi (film) Rathi is a 1989 Indian Malayalam film, directed by Jayadevan.

neg: Speed Zone Speed Zone (also known as Cannonball Fever), released in 1989, is a comedy set around an illegal cross-country race (inspired by the Cannonball Baker Sea-To-Shining-Sea Memorial Trophy Dash).

neg: Fun Down There Fun Down There is a 1988 drama film directed by Roger Stigliano. It stars Michael Waite, who co-wrote the script with Stigliano. It premiered at the 1989 Berlin International Film Festival where it won the Teddy Award for Best Feature Film. It was released onto DVD by Frameline.

neg: Arabesk (film) Arabesk is a 1989 Turkish comedy film directed by Ertem Eğilmez.

neg: Cinergi Pictures Cinergi Pictures Entertainment Inc. was a small independent production company that was founded by Andrew G. Vajna, after he had sold his interest in his first production company, Carolco International Pictures, in 1989. The company had a number of major hit films, most notably "Die Hard with a Vengeance" in 1995. However, the majority of their films lost money. A string of box office bombs - including "Color of Night", "Judge Dredd", "The Scarlet Letter", "Nixon", "Shadow Conspiracy", "Deep Rising" and "" - ultimately undid the company, and it closed in 1998.

neg: The Railway Dragon The Railway Dragon is a 1989 American television animated film. Leslie Nielsen featured as the narrator.


query: What city did William Jacob Robbins work as the director of the New York Botanical Garden?

pos: William Jacob Robbins William Jacob Robbins (1890-1978) was an American botanist and physiologist. He attended Lehigh University from 1906 to 1910 and earned a Ph.D. from Cornell University in 1915. He was director of the New York Botanical Garden from 1937 to 1957. He was a member of the National Academy of Sciences and the American Philosophical Society, serving as president of the latter from 1956 to 1959. In 1943 he served as president of the Botanical Society of America and Torrey Botanical Club.

pos: New York Botanical Garden The New York Botanical Garden (NYBG) is a botanical garden and National Historic Landmark located in the Bronx, New York City. The 250 acre site's verdant landscape supports over one million living plants in extensive collections. Each year over one million visitors visit the garden's remarkable diversity of tropical, temperate, and desert flora, as well as programming that ranges from exhibitions in the Haupt Conservatory to festivals on Daffodil Hill.

neg: Per Axel Rydberg Per Axel Rydberg (July 6, 1860 – July 25, 1931) was a Swedish-born, American botanist who was the first curator of the New York Botanical Garden Herbarium.

neg: Wave Hill Wave Hill is a 28 acre estate in the Hudson Hill section of Riverdale, Bronx, in New York City. Wave Hill currently consists of public horticultural gardens and a cultural center, all situated on the slopes overlooking the Hudson River, with expansive views across the river to the New Jersey Palisades. Listed on the National Register of Historic Places, the estate includes two houses and a botanical garden. The oldest part of the main house, Wave Hill House, dates back to 1843; Glyndor House dates from 1927 and contains a multi-room art gallery. Perkins Visitor Center, which was originally a garage, contains a gift shop and an information desk.

neg: Gregory Long Gregory Long is Chief Executive Officer and The William C. Steere Sr. President of The New York Botanical Garden in the Bronx, New York.

neg: Job Bicknell Ellis Job Bicknell Ellis (January 21, 1829 – December 30, 1905) was a pioneering North American mycologist known for his study of the Ascomycetes, especially the grouping of fungi called the Pyrenomycetes (known today as the Sordariomycetes). Born and raised in New York, he worked as a teacher and farmer before developing an interest in mycology. He collected specimens extensively, and together with his wife, prepared 200,000 sets of dried fungal samples that were sent out to subscribers in series between 1878 and 1894. Together with colleagues William A. Kellerman and Benjamin Matlack Everhart, he founded the "Journal of Mycology" in 1885, forerunner to the modern journal "Mycologia". He described over 4000 species of fungi, and his collection of over 100,000 specimens is currently housed at the herbarium of the New York Botanical Gardens. Ellis had over 100 taxa of fungi named in his honor.

neg: Linnaean Garden The Linnaean Garden or Linnaeus' Garden (Swedish: "Linnéträdgården" ) is the oldest of the botanical gardens belonging to Uppsala University in Sweden. It has been restored and is kept as an 18th-century botanical garden, according to the specifications of Carl Linnaeus.

neg: Anna Murray Vail Anna Murray Vail (7 January 1863 – 18 December 1955) was an American botanist and first librarian of the New York Botanical Garden. She was a student of the Columbia University botanist and geologist Nathaniel Lord Britton, the force behind the founding of the New York Botanical Garden, and was active in its creation.

neg: Marshall Avery Howe Marshall Avery Howe (1867-1936) was an American botanist, taxonomist, morphologist, curator and the third director of the New York Botanical Garden. He specialized in the study of liverworts (Hepaticae) and algae, and also an expert on and cultivator of dahlias and other ornamental plants. He was Instructor in cryptogamic botany at the University of California at Berkeley. He was appointed curator of the New York Botanical Garden in 1906, assistant director in 1923, and director in 1935 after the death of Elmer Drew Merrill. In collecting for the gardens, he made numerous expeditions collecting algae and liverworts. He was an active member of the "Garden Club" in New York. He served as secretary then president of the Board of Trustees of the Pleasantville Free Library.

neg: Brooklyn Botanic Garden Brooklyn Botanic Garden (BBG) is a botanical garden in the borough of Brooklyn in New York City. Founded in 1910, and located in the Prospect Park neighborhood, the 52 acre garden includes a number of specialty "gardens within the Garden", plant collections and the Steinhardt Conservatory, which houses the C. V. Starr Bonsai Museum, three climate-themed plant pavilions, a white cast-iron and glass aquatic plant house, and an art gallery. The Garden holds over 14,000 taxa of plants and each year has over 900,000 visitors.

neg: Horace Wolcott Robbins Horace Wolcott Robbins (21 October 1842 – 1904) was an American landscape painter known for his watercolors.

neg: Arnold W. Brunner Arnold William Brunner (September 25, 1857 – February 14, 1925) was an American architect who was born and died in New York City. Brunner was educated in New York and in Manchester, England. He attended Massachusetts Institute of Technology, where he studied under William R. Ware. Early in his career, he worked in the architectural office of George B. Post. He was a Fellow of the American Institute of Architects after 1892 and was appointed by Theodore Roosevelt to the United States Commission of Fine Arts in Washington, D.C. He was a member of the New York Fine Arts Commission, the American Civic Association, The Century Association, The Engineer's Club, The Players, the Cosmos Club in Washington D.C., the National Institute of Arts and Letters, The Union Club of Cleveland, and several other organizations. In 1910, he was elected to the National Academy of Design as an Associate member, and became a full member in 1916. Brunner was also known as a city planner, and made significant contributions to the city plans of Cleveland, Ohio, Rochester, New York, Baltimore, Maryland, Denver, Colorado, Trenton, New Jersey, and Albany, New York. Brunner was, for a short time, partnered with Thomas Tryon as the firm Brunner & Tryon.

neg: National Botanical Gardens (Uganda) The National Botanical Gardens of Uganda, commonly known as the Botanical Gardens Entebbe, are located in Entebbe, Uganda. They were laid out in 1898 by the first curator, A Whyte, close to the shores of Lake Victoria. The gardens are divided into different zones, including a rainforest zone. This rainforest formed the backdrop to scenes from the Tarzan films featuring Johnny Weissmuller, shot in the 1940s.

neg: Shanghai Botanical Garden The Shanghai Botanical Garden () is a botanic garden located in the southwestern suburbs of Shanghai, China, (around 12 km southwest of the city centre) in the Xuhui District.

neg: Botanical Heights, St. Louis Botanical Heights is a neighborhood of St. Louis, Missouri. Its former name was McRee Town. The Botanical Heights neighborhood is defined by Chouteau Avenue on the North, Interstate 44 on the South, 39th Street on the East and Vandeventer Avenue on the West. This near Southside neighborhood is located just north of the Shaw neighborhood.

neg: William Henry Powell William Henry Powell (February 14, 1823 – October 6, 1879), was an American artist who was born and died in New York City.

neg: Clark Botanic Garden Clark Botanic Garden is a 12 acres botanical garden located in Albertson, New York, on Long Island.

neg: Enid A. Haupt Conservatory The Enid A. Haupt Conservatory is a greenhouse in the Bronx, New York, United States, a major part of the New York Botanical Garden (NYBG). Inspiration for the park and the conservatory stemmed from Nathaniel Lord Britton and his wife Elizabeth. The couple had visited the Royal Botanic Garden at Kew on their honeymoon and thought a similar park and conservatory should be built for New York City. The NYBG and the Conservatory were the result.

neg: Gardens of the World Gardens of the World is a botanical garden in Thousand Oaks, California. It is located at Thousand Oaks Boulevard, directly across the street from Thousand Oaks Civic Arts Plaza. Established in 2001, the park was given to the city by the owners of a local travel agency. It is home to a French garden and waterfall, English rose garden, Italian grapevine garden and a Japanese garden with koi ponds and a pagoda. The park is used for hiking and picnicking, and guided tours of the gardens are available. Its Californian Mission Courtyard is home to native California flora and replicas of the remaining 21 California Missions. It is also a statue of Padre Serra in this part of the park. The botanical garden is 4,5 acres.

neg: Harold Jacoby Harold Jacoby (4 March 1865 – 20 July 1932) was an American astronomer, born in New York City.

neg: Waterbury, Connecticut Waterbury (nicknamed "The Brass City") ( ) is a city in the U.S. state of Connecticut on the Naugatuck River, 33 miles (45 minutes) southwest of Hartford and 77 miles (90 minutes) northeast of New York City. Waterbury is in New Haven County, Connecticut. As of the 2010 census, Waterbury had a population of 110,366, making it the 10th largest city in the New York Metropolitan Area, 9th largest city in New England and the 5th largest city in Connecticut.

neg: Henry Ives Cobb, Jr. Henry Ives Cobb, Jr. (March 24, 1883 – August 1974) was an American artist and architect who lived and worked in New York, New York. He is known primarily for his paintings of scenes in and around Manhattan, especially Central Park. He was a member of the American Institute of Architects and the Art Students League of New York, as well as the Society of Independent Artists and the Royal Academy.