query: Are Les McKeown and Lauren Laverne both singers?

pos: Les McKeown Leslie Richard McKeown (born 12 November 1955) is a Scottish pop singer who was the lead singer of the Bay City Rollers during their most successful period.

pos: Lauren Laverne Lauren Cecilia Fisher (née Gofton, 28 April 1978), known professionally as Lauren Laverne, is an English radio DJ, model, television presenter, author, singer and comedian.

neg: Adrienne Bailon Adrienne Eliza Houghton (née Bailon; born October 24, 1983) is an American singer-songwriter, recording artist, actress, dancer and television personality. Adrienne Bailon first became publicly known when she rose to fame as one of the founding members and singer of both 3LW (1999–2007) and Disney's The Cheetah Girls (2003–2008).

neg: René LaVice René LaVice is a Canadian electronic music producer, DJ and singer. His song "The Calling", featuring Ivy Mairi, entered the UK Singles Chart at number 118 following a placement on BBC Radio 1's A List playlist. The song also featured as the station's Track of the Day and appeared on its In New Music We Trust playlist. LaVice has also officially remixed the likes of Nero, Wilkinson, Rudimental and A-Trak and supported The Prodigy on their 2015 UK arena tour.

neg: Lynn Breedlove Lynn Breedlove (also known as Lynnee Breedlove) (born in Oakland, California) is an American musician, writer, and performer.

neg: Jadon Lavik Jadon Laird Lavik (born May 23, 1978) is a CCM singer-songwriter formerly signed with BEC Recordings.

neg: Marce LaCouture Marce Lacouture is an American folk music and cajun recording artist and song writer.

neg: Martine St. Clair Martine St. Clair (French: Martine St-Clair) (born Martine Nault, 22 July 1962) is a Canadian singer from the province of Quebec. She has released numerous albums in a career that has spanned over two decades.

neg: Susan McKeown Susan McKeown (born February 6, 1967) is an Irish folk singer and songwriter.

neg: Lowlands (album) Lowlands is an album by Irish songwriter, and folk singer Susan McKeown, released in 2000.

neg: Lauren Mayhew Lauren Courtney Mayhew (November 27, 1988) is an American singer, actress and former ring announcer for WWE ECW.

neg: Nick Lavallee Nick Lavallee is an American comedian, musician, and singer-songwriter from Manchester, New Hampshire, United States. Active in stand-up since 2009, Lavallee has released four albums, numerous web videos, and has performed with Andrew Dice Clay, Bo Burnham, Bob Marley, Doug Stanhope, MC Lars, and Sally Struthers.

neg: Los Angeles: The Voices Los Angeles: The Voices, often shortened to LA: The Voices, is the name of a group of four male singers based in the Netherlands. The original group, founded by Gordon Heuckeroth who left the group in 2013, consisted of Heuckeroth, Remko Harms, Richy Brown, Roy van den Akker, and Peter William Strykes. Robbert Besselaar replaced original member Remko Harms in January 2016. It is a vocal band with classic musicals and trained men who bring a repertoire that is a cross between the British Il Divo and Marco Borsato.

neg: Ciaran McKeown Ciaran McKeown (born 1943) is a former peace activist in Northern Ireland.

neg: Lauren Brown (musician) Lauren Brown is an American percussionist, known for her skill as a "tap dancing drummer", and the invention of that specific style of percussion.

neg: LMC (British band) LMC are a British dance group consisting of producers, Lee Monteverde, Matt Cadman and Cris Nuttall. They have performed remixes for Scooter, Erasure, Dannii Minogue, Lasgo, Flip & Fill, Robert Palmer and Shania Twain. LMC is best known for the track "Take Me to the Clouds Above" which featured a sample from "How Will I Know" by Whitney Houston, and "With or Without You" by U2 which topped the UK Singles Chart in early 2004, as well as going top 5 in Ireland and top 10 in Australia.

neg: Luc de Larochellière Luc De Larochellière (born 27 April 1966) is a Canadian singer-songwriter from Quebec.

neg: Caroline Lavelle Caroline Lavelle is a British singer-songwriter and cellist who has created three solo albums and contributed vocals, music, and production help to many other artists and bands.

neg: Lindsay McKeown Lindsay McKeown was a Northern Irish footballer who played in the Irish League for twelve seasons with Linfield throughout the 1980s. He won youth caps for Northern Ireland and four caps for the Irish League representative team.

neg: Tommy McLain Tommy McLain (born 15 March 1940, in Jonesville, Louisiana) is an American swamp pop musician, best known as a singer but who also plays keyboards, drums, bass guitar, and fiddle.

neg: Laverne Bryan Laverne Bryan (born 17 May 1965) is an Antigua and Barbuda athlete. She competed in both the 800 metres and the 1500 metres at the 1984 Summer Olympics and the 1988 Summer Olympics.

neg: Les McCann Leslie Coleman McCann (born September 23, 1935) is an American jazz pianist and vocalist


query: When was the President of India born who inaugurated Maharashtra Airport Development Company (MADC) on 1 October 2017?

pos: Shirdi Airport Shirdi Airport (IATA: SAG, ICAO: VASD) is located at Kakadi village, about 14 km South-west of the town of Shirdi in Maharashtra, India. The airport, spread over 400 hectares, is owned by the Maharashtra Airport Development Company (MADC) and was inaugurated by President Ram Nath Kovind on 1 October 2017. Communication Navigation Surveillance (CNS) and Air Traffic Control (ATC) at the airport will be managed by the Airports Authority of India (AAI).

pos: Ram Nath Kovind Ram Nath Kovind (born 1 October 1945) is an Indian politician who is the President of India, in office since 2017. Previously he served as Governor of Bihar from 2015 to 2017 and was a Member of Parliament, Rajya Sabha from 1994 to 2006. He was a leader of the Bharatiya Janata Party (BJP). Kovind was nominated as a presidential candidate by the ruling NDA coalition and won the 2017 presidential election, becoming the second Dalit to be elected to the post of President. He assumed office on 25 July 2017.

neg: Tapir Gao Tapir Gao (born 1 October 1964) is an Indian politician.He is the President of Arunachal Pradesh, Bharatiya Janata Party. He was a member of the 14th Lok Sabha of India, representing the Arunachal East constituency of Arunachal Pradesh and the Bharatiya Janata Party. Gao was General Secretary of Bharatiya Janata Party in 2011 & Gao is currently National Executive Member of BJP.

neg: K. K. Venugopal Kottayan Katankot Venugopal (born 1931), known generally as K. K. Venugopal (personal name is Venugopal) is an eminent Indian constitutional lawyer and a senior advocate in the Supreme Court of India. On 30 June, 2017, he was appointed as the Attorney-General of India under the leadership of Prime Minister Narendra Modi.

neg: Banwarilal Purohit Banwarilal Purohit (born April 16, 1940) is an Indian politician from Vidarbha region. He is the present Governor of Tamil Nadu state appointed by the President of India on 30 September 2017. He was appointed as Governor of Assam State by President of India on 17 August 2016.

neg: Yogi Adityanath Yogi Adityanath (born Ajay Mohan Bisht on 5 June 1972) is an Indian priest and Hindu nationalist politician who is the current Chief Minister of Uttar Pradesh, in office since 26 March 2017. He has an image as a Hindutva firebrand.

neg: Mac Maharaj Sathyandranath Ragunanan "Mac" Maharaj (born 22 April 1935 in Newcastle, KwaZulu-Natal) is a South African politician affiliated with the African National Congress, academic and businessman of Indian origin. He is the former official spokesperson of the President of South Africa, Jacob Zuma.

neg: Fakhruddin Ali Ahmed Fakhruddin Ali Ahmed (13 May 1905 – 11 February 1977) was the fifth President of India from 1974 to 1977 and also the 2nd President of India to die in office.

neg: Anjali Damania Anjali Anish Damania is an Indian anti-corruption activist and politician. She was the convener of Maharashtra state unit of Aam Admi Party (AAP), and a Director of the real estate firm SVV Developers. During 2011–12, she exposed corruption in the Kondhane dam project through RTI queries. She came into the limelight in 2012, after she accused the Bharatiya Janata Party President Nitin Gadkari of having a business partnership with the Nationalist Congress Party chief Sharad Pawar. She unsuccessfully contested 2014 Lok Sabha elections from Nagpur, as an AAP candidate against Gadkari. However, in March 2015, she quit the AAP amid allegations of horse trading against national convener and Delhi CM Arvind Kejriwal.

neg: Mohammad Hidayatullah Mohammad Hidayatullah OBE    (17 December 1905 – 18 September 1992) was the 11th Chief Justice of India serving from 25 February 1968 to 16 December 1970, and the sixth Vice President of India, serving from 31 August 1979 to 30 August 1984. He had also served as the Acting President of India from 20 July 1969 to 24 August 1969 and from 6 October 1982 to 31 October 1982. He is regarded as an eminent jurist, scholar, educationist, author and linguist.

neg: Raosaheb Danve Raosaheb Patil Danve (born 18 March 1955). He represents Bhartiya Janata Party in 16th Lok Sabha & currently Maharashtra President Bhartiya Janata Party. During the general elections that were held in May 2014, Raosaheb Danve-Patil won the Jalna constituency for the fourth time. Immediately afterwards, he was sworn in by the Prime Minister Narendra Modi as the Minister of State for Ministry of Consumer Affairs, Food and Public Distribution, the position he held till March 2015.

neg: Pramod Agarwal Pramod Agarwal (born September 1954) is an Indian businessman.

neg: Y. G. Mahajan Y. G. Mahajan (born 12 May 1941) is an Indian politician from the Bharatiya Janata Party (BJP) political party.

neg: Ahmed bin Saeed Al Maktoum Shiekh Ahmed bin Saeed Al Maktoum (Arabic: أحمد بن سعيد آل مكتوم  ; born 1 December 1958) is president of the Dubai Civil Aviation Authority, CEO and chairman of the Emirates Group, chairman of Dubai World, and Noor Takaful insurance company. He is chairman of the Dubai Supreme Fiscal Committee, and second vice chairman of the Dubai Executive Council.

neg: Rahul Gandhi Rahul Gandhi    ] ; (born 19 June 1970) is an Indian politician who is currently serving as Member of Parliament, Lok Sabha from Amethi, Uttar Pradesh. He also currently serves as Member of the Parliamentary Standing Committee on External Affairs.

neg: Usha Narayanan Usha Narayanan, born Tint Tint (Burmese: တင့်တင့် ) was the First Lady of India from 1997 to 2002. She was married to K. R. Narayanan, the tenth President of India. Upon her husband's assumption of the presidency, Narayanan became India's second foreign-born first lady. She played a key role in women social welfare activities initiated by the presidency.

neg: Chhatrapati Sambhaji Raje International Airport Chhatrapati Sambhaji Raje International Airport is a proposed greenfield international airport to serve the city of Pune, India. The airport will be located near the villages of Kumbharvalan, Ekhatpur-Munjawadi, Khanwadi, Pargaon Memane, Vanpuri, Udachiwadi near Saswad and Jejuri in Purandar taluka of Pune District in the Indian state of Maharashtra. The Chief Minister of Maharashtra, Mr. Devendra Fadnavis declared that the first flight from this airport is expected take off by 2019 and the airport will be named after Maratha emperor Chhatrapati Sambhaji who was born at Purandhar fort.

neg: Mukul Roy Mukul Roy (Bengali: মুকুল রায় ; born 17 April 1954) was the Railway Minister of India. He is an Indian politician and a member of the Rajya Sabha, the upper house of the Parliament of India, representing West Bengal. He also serves as the National Vice-President of his party, the All India Trinamool Congress. After Mamata Banerjee resigned as the Railway Minister she was to become the Chief Minister of West Bengal, Roy was handed additional charge of the Railway Ministry after Mamata didi expressed her desire that her party retain the Railway Ministry and personally recommended Mr. Roy to Prime Minister Manmohan Singh. He served as a Minister of State in the Railway Ministry with Manmohan Singh serving as the Cabinet Minister (pro tem) till 11 July 2011. Mukul Roy's Railway ministry will run a special train called "DU Gyan Uday Express" a Bengali worded statement, which will take 1000 students of Delhi University to places like Ahmedabad, Mumbai, Goa and Bangalore during the summer break of 2012. He has resigned from Trinamool Congress on 25th September, 2017. An application has been submitted to the Election Commission for the formation of the new political party called Nationalist Trinamool Congress Party and Mukul aide Amitabha Majumdar has been named as the President. The head office of the party is located in Dinhata, in North Bengal.

neg: Bharatiya Mahila Bank Bharatiya Mahila Bank (BMB) was an Indian financial services banking company based in Mumbai, India. Former Indian Prime Minister Manmohan Singh inaugurated the system on 19 November 2013 on the occasion of the 96th birth anniversary of former Indian Prime Minister Indira Gandhi. Although initially reported as a bank exclusively for women, the bank allows deposits to flow from everyone, but lending will be predominantly for women. India is the third country in the world to have a bank especially for women, after Pakistan and Tanzania. The bank was merged with State Bank of India on 31 March 2017.

neg: Dr. G. Parameshwara Parameshwara Gangadharaiah (born August 6, 1951) better known by name Dr. G. Parameshwara, is an Indian politician, President of the Karnataka Pradesh Congress Committee. and who also served as Home Minister of Karnataka from 2015 to 2017.

neg: Pratap Singh Khachariyawas Pratap Singh Khachariyawas (born 16 May 1969, Jaipur) is an Indian National Congress politician from Rajasthan. He was born to Laxman Singh Shekhawat and Himmat Kanwar. He is nephew of Bhairon Singh Shekhawat, the former vice president of India. He started his political career as an independent President of University of Rajasthan (1992-93). He was also a member of legislative assembly from Civil Lines, Jaipur (2008-13). Currently he is state spokesperson of Rajasthan Pradesh Congress Committee and president of Jaipur Congress.he is one of the most powerful politicians/leaders in rajasthan of the congress party.

neg: Devwrat Singh Devwrat Singh (born 3 June 1969 Jamnagar, Gujarat) is an Indian politician and a member of the Indian National Congress political party.


query: What highly classified remote detachment of Edwards Air Force Base has a multidisciplinary broadcast design, animation and visual effects studio named after it?

pos: S4 Studios S4 Studios, LLC is a multidisciplinary broadcast design, animation and visual effects studio, founded in 1999 by Geoffrey Kater and Dale Hendrickson, augmented two years later by Larry Le Francis. The company is named after a highly sensitive and purportedly extraterrestrial alien research complex located within the super-secret U.S. government base Area 51. Kater, a futurist designer, came from Saban Entertainment. Le Francis was an animation series producer at Klasky Csupo, Inc. and Nickelodeon. Hendrickson designed some 2,000 characters for Fox TV’s "The Simpsons" during his seven years as the series’ Character Design Supervisor. He left S4 Studios in 2006. Originally located in Van Nuys, California, the company relocated to Hollywood, California in 2004.

pos: Area 51 The United States Air Force facility commonly known as Area 51 is a highly classified remote detachment of Edwards Air Force Base, within the Nevada Test and Training Range. According to the Central Intelligence Agency (CIA), the correct names for the facility are Homey Airport (ICAO: KXTA) and Groom Lake, though the name "Area 51" was used in a CIA document from the Vietnam War. The facility has also been referred to as "Dreamland" and "Paradise Ranch", among other nicknames. The special use airspace around the field is referred to as Restricted Area 4808 North (R-4808N).

neg: 256th Intelligence Squadron The 256th Intelligence Squadron (256 IS) is a unit of the Washington Air National Guard at Fairchild Air Force Base, Spokane, Washington. It is a geographically separate unit (GSU) assigned to the 252d Combat Communications Group at Camp Murray, Washington. Prior to converting to an intelligence mission, the 256th was a combat communications squadron.

neg: 507th Air Refueling Wing The 507th Air Refueling Wing is a reserve component of the United States Air Force. It is assigned to Fourth Air Force of Air Force Reserve Command, stationed at Tinker Air Force Base, Oklahoma with elements at Altus Air Force Base and Will Rogers World Airport. If mobilized, the wing is gained by Air Mobility Command. It performs air refueling and airlift and employs approximately 1100 men and women. The wing also provides the full-time technicians and support personnel for all reserve units stationed at Tinker.

neg: Eighth Air Force The Eighth Air Force (8 AF) is a numbered air force (NAF) of the United States Air Force Global Strike Command (AFGSC). It is headquartered at Barksdale Air Force Base, Louisiana. The command serves as Air Forces Strategic – Global Strike, one of the air components of United States Strategic Command (USSTRATCOM). The Eighth Air Force includes the heart of America's heavy bomber force: the B-2 Spirit stealth bomber, the B-1 Lancer supersonic bomber, and the B-52 Stratofortress heavy bomber aircraft.

neg: Nevada Test and Training Range The Nevada Test and Training Range (NTTR) is one of two military training areas used by the United States Air Force Warfare Center at Nellis Air Force Base in Nevada. The NTTR land area includes a "simulated Integrated Air Defense System", several individual ranges with 1200 targets, and 4 remote communication sites. The current NTTR area and the range's former areas have been used for aerial gunnery and bombing, for nuclear tests, as a proving ground and flight test area, for aircraft control and warning, and for Blue Flag, Green Flag, and Red Flag exercises.

neg: 430th Expeditionary Electronic Combat Squadron The 430th Expeditionary Electronic Combat Squadron is an active United States Air Force unit. It is assigned to the 451st Expeditionary Operations Group and stationed at Kandahar Air Base, Afghanistan.

neg: 87th Air Base Wing The 87th Air Base Wing is the host wing at Joint Base McGuire-Dix-Lakehurst, New Jersey and its headquarters are on the McGuire Air Force Base portion of the Joint Base. The wing provides installation support to commands at McGuire Air Force Base, Fort Dix, and Naval Air Engineering Station Lakehurst. Joint Base McGuire-Dix-Lakehurst is the Department of Defense's (DoD) only tri-service joint base that consolidated Air Force, Army, and Navy installations. Base officials refer to Joint Base McGuire-Dix-Lakehurst as "JB MDL".

neg: 4708th Air Defense Wing The 4708th Air Defense Wing is a discontinued United States Air Force organization. Its last assignment was with the 30th Air Division of Air Defense Command (ADC) at Selfridge Air Force Base (AFB), Michigan, where it was discontinued in 1956. It was established in 1952 at Selfridge as the 4708th Defense Wing in a general reorganization of Air Defense Command (ADC), which replaced wings responsible for a base with wings responsible for a geographical area. It assumed control of several fighter Interceptor squadrons that had been assigned to the 56th Fighter-Interceptor Wing, some of which were Air National Guard squadrons mobilized for the Korean War.

neg: Clear Air Force Station Clear Air Force Station ("Clear" colloq.) is an Alaska Air National Guard radar station for detecting incoming ICBMs and submarine-launched ballistic missiles to NORAD's Missile Correlation Center (MCC) and to provide Space Surveillance data to Air Force Space Command's Space Control Center (SCC). Clear's AN/FPS-123 Upgraded Early Warning Radar is part of the Solid State Phased Array Radar System (SSPARS) which also includes those at Beale AFB, Cape Cod AFS, RAF Fylingdales and Thule Site J. The "historic property" was one of the Alaska World War II Army Airfields and later a Cold War BMEWS site providing NORAD data to Colorado's BMEWS Central Computer and Display Facility (CC&DF).

neg: 50th Network Operations Group The 50th Network Operations Group (50 NOG) is a United States Air Force unit of the 50th Space Wing at Schriever Air Force Base, Colorado. 50th NOG is the single focal point for operating and maintaining the $8.2 billion Air Force Satellite Control Network and all 50 SW communications and computer systems (C-CS). Specific mission responsibilities are accomplished through the group's four squadrons, six detachments, and the Program Management Office.

neg: Arnold Engineering Development Complex Arnold Engineering Development Complex (AEDC), Arnold Engineering Development Center before July 2012, located at Arnold Air Force Base, Tennessee is a ground-based flight test facility operated by the Air Force Test Center.

neg: 486th Flight Test Squadron The 486th Flight Test Squadron is a secretive unit, with a somewhat misleading designation, assigned to Eglin Air Force Base, Florida, and which is associated with United States Department of State Foreign Emergency Support Team activities. The squadron motto is ""Non semper ea sunt quae videntur"" which translates as "Not always what they seem". It was apparently assigned to the 227th Special Operations Flight, later redesignated the 150th Special Operations Squadron, McGuire Air Force Base, New Jersey, but is currently assigned to the 46th Test Wing at Eglin, and operates a pair of Boeing C-32B or Boeing 757-23A aircraft, on stand-by alert for special operations and intelligence missions world-wide. Official documents make it clear that operations fall under the aegis of Air Force Special Operations Command.

neg: 392d Air Expeditionary Group The 392d Air Expeditionary Group is a provisional United States Air Force unit. It is assigned to Air Combat Command to activate or inactivate as needed. The group was last active as the 392d Strategic Missile Wing at Vandenberg Air Force Base, California, where it briefly operated three early models of intercontinental ballistic missile during 1961. In 1984, the wing was consolidated with the 392d Bombardment Group

neg: Cheli Air Force Station Cheli Air Force Station, formerly located within Bell in southeastern Los Angeles County, California, was a United States Air Force installation and a Cold War Radar Bomb Scoring site of the Strategic Air Command, from 1947 to 1961.

neg: 437th Operations Group The 437th Operations Group (437 OG) is an active United States Air Force unit. It is the flying component of the Twenty-First Air Force 437th Airlift Wing, stationed at Charleston Air Force Base, South Carolina.

neg: 4702d Defense Wing The 4702nd Defense Wing (Def Wg) is a discontinued wing of the United States Air Force, last assigned to the 25th Air Division at Geiger Field, Washington. It was established in 1952 at Hamilton AFB, California in a general reorganization of Air Defense Command (ADC), which replaced wings responsible for a base with wings responsible for a geographical area. It moved twice in the first few months it was active and as a result became non operational until early 1953. It then assumed control of several Fighter Interceptor and Radar squadrons in the Pacific Northwest, some of which were Air National Guard squadrons mobilized for the Korean War. It was discontinued in the fall of 1954 and its units transferred to the new 9th Air Division.

neg: 43d Electronic Combat Squadron The 43d Electronic Combat Squadron (43 ECS) is a United States Air Force unit. Its current assignment is with the 55th Electronic Combat Group, being stationed as a tenant unit at Davis-Monthan Air Force Base, Arizona as a geographically separated unit from its parent, the 55th Wing at Offutt Air Force Base, Nebraska.

neg: Aircrew survival equipmentman Aircrew survival equipmentmen are survival equipment specialists and certified parachute riggers who oversee valuable life saving equipment, parachutes, and other special gear used by U.S. Naval and Marine Corps special operations forces, Naval Air Department, and the U.S Parachute Demonstration Team known as the "Leap Frogs". They perform a wide range of duties, which include inspecting, maintaining, and repairing parachutes, search and rescue equipment, along with survival kits, medical kits, flight clothing, protective wear, night vision equipment, aircrew oxygen systems, liquid oxygen converters, anti-exposure suits, and g-suits. PRs operate and maintain carbon dioxide transfer and recharge equipment, operate and repair sewing machines as well as train aircrew and other personnel in parachute rigging and the use of safety and survival equipment.

neg: Gunter Annex Gunter Annex is a United States Air Force installation located in the North-northeast suburbs of Montgomery, Alabama. The base is named after former Montgomery mayor William Adams Gunter. Until 1992 it was known as Gunter Air Force Base or Gunter Air Force Station. It has been a military training base since its opening in 1940.

neg: Headquarters Emergency Relocation Team Headquarters Emergency Relocation Team (HERT) was a subordinate unit to the United States' Strategic Air Command during the Cold War, poised to provide command and control (C2) of SAC forces in the event of a national emergency (i.e. nuclear war). The personnel and equipment were stationed at Offutt AFB, Nebraska, with temporary deployment locations at the Cornhusker Army Ammunition Plant, Grand Island, Nebraska.

neg: Air Force Global Strike Command Air Force Global Strike Command (AFGSC) is a Major Command (MAJCOM) of the United States Air Force, headquartered at Barksdale Air Force Base, Louisiana. AFGSC provides combat-ready forces to conduct strategic nuclear deterrence and global strike operations in support of combatant commanders. It is subordinated to the USSTRATCOM.


query: Jennifer Pharr Davis has hiked on the long-distance walk in Europe around Mont Blanc that covers approximately what distance?

pos: Jennifer Pharr Davis Jennifer Pharr Davis is an American long distance hiker, author, speaker, National Geographic Adventurer of the Year, and Ambassador for the American Hiking Society. She has hiked over 12,000 miles on six different continents, including thru-hikes on the Pacific Crest Trail, the Appalachian Trail (three times), the Colorado Trail, the Long Trail in Vermont, the Bibbulmun Track in Australia, and numerous trails in Europe and South America (e.g., the Tour du Mont Blanc, West Highland Way, Laugavegur, GR 11 (Spain), GR 20, and the Pembrokeshire Coast Path, Cotahuasi Canyon and the Inca Trail to Machu Picchu).

pos: Tour du Mont Blanc The Tour du Mont Blanc or TMB is one of the most popular long-distance walks in Europe. It circles the Mont Blanc massif, covering a distance of roughly 170 km with 10 km of ascent/descent and passes through parts of Switzerland, Italy and France.

neg: Jerusalem Trail The Jerusalem Trail, (Hebrew: שביל ירושלים  , "Shvil Yerushalaim") is a hiking path that extends the Israel National Trail into Jerusalem. The trail is almost a complete circuit, and can be extended to a full loop by following Israel National Trail marks. The length is approximately 42 km (26mi).

neg: Tête de Balme The Tête de Balme (2,321 m) is a mountain of the Mont Blanc Massif, located on the border between Switzerland and France. It lies on the range north of the Col de Balme, culminating at the Croix de Fer.

neg: 20 kilometres race walk The 20 kilometre race walk is an Olympic athletics event that is competed by both men and women. The racewalking event is competed as a road race. Athletes must always keep in contact with the ground and the supporting leg must remain straight until the raised leg passes it. (20 kilometres is 12.4274 miles)

neg: North Wales Path The North Wales Path is a long-distance walk of some 60 mi that runs close to the North Wales coast between Prestatyn in the east and Bangor in the west. Parts of it overlap with the Wales Coast Path. The path runs along parts of the Clwydian Range Area of Outstanding Natural Beauty (AONB). The path was devised, implemented and maintained by the then Countryside Council for Wales (now succeeded by Natural Resources Wales) and three councils: Gwynedd, Conwy, and Denbighshire.

neg: Swiss Path The Swiss Path is the name given to a special national path in central Switzerland opened in 1991. It makes a loop around one arm of Lake Lucerne, starting in Rütli and passing through Bauen, Flüelen, Sisikon and Morschach, finishing at Brunnen. The total length is around 35 km , taking 2 or 3 days to complete.

neg: Chablais Alps The Chablais Alps are a mountain range in the western Alps. They are situated between Lake Geneva and the Mont Blanc Massif. The Col des Montets separates them from the Mont Blanc Massif in the south, and the Rhône valley separates them from the Bernese Alps in the east.

neg: Jura ridgeway The Jura ridgeway is a long-distance hiking trail along the Jura mountain range in Switzerland. It starts in Dielsdorf near Zurich, and follows the crest of the mountain ridge towards the southwest, to finish near Nyon by Lake Geneva.

neg: Land's End to John o' Groats Land's End to John o' Groats is the traversal of the whole length of the island of Great Britain between two extremities; in the southwest and northeast. The traditional distance by road is 874 mi and takes most cyclists ten to fourteen days; the record for running the route is nine days. Off-road walkers typically walk about 1200 mi and take two or three months for the expedition. Two much-photographed signposts indicate the traditional distance at each end.

neg: Julier Pass The Julier Pass (Romansh: "Pass dal Güglia", German: "Julierpass", Italian "Passo del Giulia") (el. 2284 m) is a mountain pass in Switzerland, in the Albula Range of the Alps. It connects the Engadin valley with the rest of Graubünden. At its summit, the pass crosses the watershed / drainage divide between the basins of the Rivers Rhine and Danube. The Julier Pass lies between Piz Lagrev and Piz Julier.

neg: St James Walkway The St James Walkway is a 66 km -long subalpine tramping (i.e. the New Zealand term for 'hiking') track located in the Lewis Pass area of the South Island of New Zealand. It is administered by the Department of Conservation.

neg: Swiss Plateau The Swiss Plateau or Central Plateau (German: "Schweizer Mittelland" ; French: "plateau suisse" ; Italian: "altopiano svizzero" ) constitutes one of the three major landscapes in Switzerland alongside the Jura Mountains and the Swiss Alps. It covers about 30% of the Swiss surface. It comprises the regions between the Jura and the Alps, partly flat but mostly hilly, and lies at an average height between 400 and 700 m AMSL. It is by far the most densely populated region of Switzerland, and the most important with respect to economy and transportation.

neg: Mount Sizer Mount Sizer is a prominent peak located on Blue Ridge in Henry W. Coe State Park, just east of Morgan Hill, California. Because Mount Sizer is the highest point on Blue Ridge and under 10 mi from the park's headquarters, it makes it an ideal destination for day hikers. There are two ways to reach the summit. One by trails and one by a combination of trail and fire road. The fire road route leads almost directly up Blue Ridge to Mount Sizer and is affectionately nicknamed "The Shortcut". This road rises roughly 1500 ft in 1.3 mi giving it an average grade of 22%.

neg: Great St Bernard Pass Great St. Bernard Pass (French: "Col du Grand St-Bernard" , Italian: "Colle del Gran San Bernardo" , German: "Grosser Sankt Bernhard" ; 2469 m ) is the third highest road pass in Switzerland. It connects Martigny in the canton of Valais in Switzerland with Aosta in the region Aosta Valley in Italy. It is the lowest pass lying on the ridge between the two highest mountains of the Alps, Mont Blanc and Monte Rosa. The pass itself is located in Switzerland in the canton of Valais, very close to Italy. It is located on the main watershed that separates the basin of the Rhône from that of the Po.

neg: Mount Baker Wilderness Mount Baker Wilderness is a 119,989 acre wilderness area within the Mount Baker-Snoqualmie National Forest in the western Cascade Range of northern Washington state. Its eastern border is shared with the boundary of the Stephen Mather Wilderness and North Cascades National Park for a distance of 40 miles (65 kilometers). The wilderness extends from State Route 20 north to the Canada–US border. On the west, it is bounded by the foothills of the Puget Sound lowlands.

neg: Col Ferret The Col Ferret ("Petit Col Ferret") (el. 2490 m.) is an Alpine pass between the canton of Valais and the Aosta Valley. This pass separates the Mont Blanc Massif from the Pennine Alps.

neg: Route des Crêtes Route des Crêtes (English: Route of the Ridges ) is an 89 km road in the Vosges Mountains in eastern France, which passes through the Parc Naturel Régional des Ballons des Vosges. It connects Sainte-Marie-aux-Mines (north) with Cernay (south) and runs on the border of the departements of Haut-Rhin (68) and Vosges (88). Most of the route is at an elevation in excess of 950 m , with the highest point being at the Col du Grand Ballon (1343 m ). The road is generally open from April to November, but most of the route is closed in the winter by snow.

neg: Mont Blanc Mont Blanc (] ) or Monte Bianco ] , both meaning "White Mountain", is the highest mountain in the Alps and the highest in Europe west of Russia's Caucasus peaks.

neg: 100 kilometres race walk The 100-kilometer race walk is a racewalking event. The event is competed as a road race. Athletes must always keep in contact with the ground and the supporting leg must remain straight until the raised leg passes it. 100 kilometers is 62.14 miles.

neg: White Rose Walk The White Rose Walk, a 35-mile / 56 km trail located in North Yorkshire, England, was devised in 1968 by the Yorkshire Wayfarers, It starts at the Kilburn White Horse (National Grid Ref SE 514 813) and is completed by touching the trig point on top of Roseberry Topping (NZ 579 126). The walk whilst recognised by the Long Distance Walkers Association (LDWA) as a long distance walk in itself, mixes and crosses with several other long distance paths including the Cleveland Way, the Coast to Coast Walk, and the Lyke Wake Walk. The route takes in the highest peaks in the area such as Live Moor, Carlton Moor, Sutton Bank, Cold Moor, the Wainstones and Urra Moor. The walk also passes Captain Cooks Monument on Easby Moor.

neg: Zoe Romano Zoë Romano is an American ultra-distance endurance runner. Romano is the first and only person ever to run the Tour de France course of 2,000 miles at 30 miles a day, which she ran while the competing cyclists were racing on the course. She was also the first female to run coast-to-coast across the United States unsupported, pushing her gear in a running stroller from Huntington Beach, California, to Charleston, South Carolina. In 2013 she chose as another big personal goal and challenge a run on the island of Corsica.


query: When was the  Anglo-Irish physician, naturalist and collector died who's niece recovered from spinal deformity due to Sarah "Crazy Sally" Mapp?

pos: Sally Mapp Sarah "Crazy Sally" Mapp (died 1737) was an English lay bonesetter, who gained fame both by performing impressive bone-setting acts in Epsom and London, and by being a woman in a male-dominated profession. Bone-setting was a medical practice used to manipulate and fix musculoskeletal injuries using manual force. Mapp grew up in Wiltshire, England, and learned about the practice from her father, who was also a bone-setter. She frequently fixed horse racing injuries, but her most famous case was fixing the spinal deformity of Sir Hans Sloane's niece.

pos: Hans Sloane Sir Hans Sloane, 1st Baronet, PRS (16 April 1660 – 11 January 1753) was an Anglo-Irish physician, naturalist and collector noted for bequeathing his collection to the British nation, thus providing the foundation of the British Museum.

neg: Charlotte Hood, 3rd Duchess of Bronté Charlotte Mary Hood, Baroness Bridport, 3rd Duchess of Bronté (née Nelson; 20 September 1787 – 29 January 1873) was the daughter of William Nelson, 1st Earl Nelson and Sarah Yonge. She died at the age of 85 in Cricket St. Thomas, Somerset, England. She was buried in Cricket St. Thomas, Somerset.

neg: Rosalinde Hurley Dame Rosalinde Hurley, DBE, FRCPath, FRCOG (30 December 1929 – 30 June 2004), was a British physician, microbiologist, pathologist, public health and medical administrator, ethicist and barrister. She was knighted in 1988 for her services to medicine and public health.

neg: Jane Lewson Jane Lewson (née "Vaughan") (1700–1816), commonly known as Lady Lewson, was an eccentric centenarian. She was in born in 1700 in Strand, London. Early in life she married a wealthy man, who died when she was 26, leaving her with one daughter. When her daughter married she spent the rest of her years as an eccentric widow, living in Coldbath Square and rarely leaving her home despite her considerable wealth. She became well known during her era for the fact that until her death at the age of 116 she continued to wear the fashions of the reign of George I, and hence she became known as Lady Lewson because of her fashion style. She was known for her extreme superstition and fear of getting a cold, which led her to only use one teacup, she smeared herself with pigs fat instead of washing and she would never have her windows washed in case they were broken and let in germs. By the time of her death, it was said they had become so grimy they no longer let in light.

neg: Mary Boyle, Countess of Cork and Orrery Mary Boyle, Countess of Cork and Orrery (21 May 1746 – 30 May 1840) was an Anglo-Irish literary hostess.

neg: William Henry Fitton William Henry Fitton (24 January 1780 – 13 May 1861) was an Irish physician and amateur geologist

neg: Kate Marsden Kate Marsden (13 May 1859 – 26 May 1931) was a British missionary, explorer, writer and nursing heroine. Supported by Queen Victoria and Empress Maria Fedorovna she investigated the care of leprosy. She set out on a journey from Moscow to Siberia to find a cure, creating a leper treatment centre in Siberia. She returned to England and inspired Bexhill Museum, but she was obliged to retire as a trustee. Marsden was dogged after her journey by homophobia, her finances were questioned as were her motives for her journey. Her accusers almost succeeded in making her sexuality the basis for an "Oscar Wilde"-type trial. She was however elected a fellow of the Royal Geographical Society. She has a large diamond named after her and is still remembered in Siberia, where a large memorial statue was erected at Sosnovka village in 2014.

neg: Elizabeth Blackwell Elizabeth Blackwell (3 February 1821 – 31 May 1910) was a British-born physician, notable as the first woman to receive a medical degree in the United States, as well as the first woman on the UK Medical Register. She was the first woman to graduate from medical school, a pioneer in promoting the education of women in medicine in the United States, and a social and moral reformer in both the United States and in the United Kingdom. Her sister Emily was the third woman in the US to get a medical degree.

neg: Maria Kinnaird Maria Kinnaird (1810–1891), born on St. Vincent, was orphaned by a volcanic eruption and was later adopted by the politician Richard Sharp, known as "Conversation Sharp". Sharp was once considered possibly to be the most popular man in London of his time. Through her adoptive father, she inherited not only a considerable fortune but a wide network of influential friends and contacts, particularly among Whig circles. She became a prominent socialite and leading hostess in London during the mid-Victorian period and was described as being an "accomplished, attractive, and intelligent woman". In 1835, she married Thomas Drummond, who developed the use of Drummond Light in surveying. She would be her husband's mainstay during his final years as Under-Secretary for Ireland (1835–1840).

neg: Louisa Collings Louisa Elizabeth Collings (née Lukis; 4 June 1818 or 1828 – 24 March 1887) was an amateur lichenologist and natural history collector from the Channel Islands. She was the wife of William Thomas Collings, Seigneur of Sark, and an ancestor of all subsequent seigneurs.

neg: Charles William Dymond Charles William Dymond was born on 4 August 1832 and died in 1915, and his occupation was that of a physician. From 1851 to 1852, he explored Worlebury Camp. On 11 July 1860, Dymond married Mary Esther Wilson and had two children, Philip William Dymond (born 26 August 1862 at Bootle) and Helen Margaret Dymond (born 23 January 1864 at Bootle). In 1900, he was elected to the title of "Honorary Fellow of the Society of Antiquaries of Scotland".

neg: Fanny Talbot Fanny Talbot (née) Browne (1824–1917) was a landowner and philanthropist, and a friend and correspondent of the influential art critic John Ruskin. She is noted for donating the first property—4.5 acres of land known as Cliff of Light ("Dinas Oleu" in Welsh), at Barmouth, Gwynedd—to the National Trust.

neg: Hereditary spastic paraplegia Hereditary spastic paraplegia (HSP) is a group of inherited diseases whose main feature is a progressive gait disorder. The disease presents with progressive stiffness (spasticity) and contraction in the lower limbs. HSP is also known as hereditary spastic paraparesis, familial spastic paraplegia, French settlement disease, or Strumpell-Lorrain disease. The symptoms are a result of dysfunction of long axons in the spinal cord. The affected cells are the primary motor neurons, therefore the disease is an upper motor neuron disease. HSP is not a form of cerebral palsy even though it physically may appear and behave much the same as spastic diplegia. The origin of HSP is different from cerebral palsy. Despite this, some of the same anti-spasticity medications used in spastic cerebral palsy are sometimes used to treat HSP symptoms.

neg: H. F. B. Lynch Henry Finnis Blosse Lynch, MA, FRGS (18 April 1862 – 24 November 1913) was a British traveller, businessman, and Liberal Member of Parliament.

neg: Andrew Bloxam Andrew Bloxam (22 September 1801 – 2 February 1878) was an English clergyman and naturalist; in his later life he had a particular interest in botany. He was the naturalist on board HMS "Blonde" during its voyage around South America and the Pacific in 1824–26, where he collected mainly birds. Later as a Church of England minister he lived in Warwickshire and Leicestershire and made significant contributions to the study of the natural history of the area. His special interest was in fungi and the genera "Rubus" and "Rosa". His botanical author abbreviation is "A.Bloxam".

neg: Philip Cross Philip Cross (1826–1888) from Shandy Hall, Dripsey, County Cork, Ireland, was a physician convicted and hanged for the murder of his wife after an affair with his children's governess. The case was known in the late 19th century as "the Coachford Poisoning Case" as the house was on the road between the adjacent villages of Dripsey and Coachford.

neg: George Merryweather George Merryweather was a doctor and inventor born on 10 April 1794 in Burley in Wharfedale, Yorkshire, England. He married Jane Anderson Loy in 1826. They had four children: Mary, Jane, John and Emily. He then married Hannah Baker in 1844, after the death of his first wife in 1832. Merryweather died on 4 November 1870 in Whitby, Yorkshire, England. He was interred in Whitby's Larpool Cemetery. Despite this, he was seen in 1871 at 10 Abbey Terrace West, although his death was officially registered a year before.

neg: Thomas Peel Dunhill Sir Thomas Peel Dunhill {'1': ", '2': ", '3': ", '4': "} (3 December 1876 – 22 December 1957) was an Australian thyroid surgeon and Physician to the Queen of the United Kingdom.

neg: Judith Montefiore Lady Judith Montefiore (20 February 1784 - 1 October 1862) was a British linguist, musician, travel writer, and philanthropist. A keen traveler, she noted the distress and suffering around her, more particularly in the "Jewish Quarters" of the towns through which she passed, and was ever ready with some plan of alleviation. Her privately printed journals, threw light upon her character, and showed her to be cultureed, imbued with a strong religious spirit, true to the teachings and observances of the Jewish faith, yet exhibiting the widest catholicity to those of other beliefs. She was quick to resent any indignity or insult that might be offered to her religion or her people.

neg: Joseph Banks Sir Joseph Banks, 1st Baronet, {'1': ", '2': ", '3': ", '4': "} (24 February [O.S. 13 February] 1743 19 June 1820) was a British naturalist, botanist and patron of the natural sciences.

neg: Charles Darwin (medical student) Charles Darwin (3 September 1758 – 15 May 1778) was the oldest son of Erasmus Darwin (1731–1802) and Mary Howard (1740–70), and was the uncle of the famous naturalist Charles Robert Darwin (though dying before his nephew's birth). He showed considerable promise while studying medicine at the University of Edinburgh, but died while still a student.


query: Merle Martin Rasmussen is an American game designer and writer best known for creating which espionage-themed role-playing game, first published in 1980?

pos: Merle M. Rasmussen Merle Martin Rasmussen is an American game designer and writer best known for creating the espionage role-playing game "Top Secret".

pos: Top Secret (role-playing game) Top Secret is an espionage-themed role-playing game written by Merle M. Rasmussen and first published in 1980 by TSR, Inc.

neg: Attack of the Humans Attack of the Humans is a role-playing game published by Rapport Games in 1990.

neg: Maelstrom (role playing game) Maelstrom is a role-playing game by Alexander Scott, originally published in 1984 by Puffin Books as a single soft cover book (ISBN  ; ISBN  ). The game is set in a 16th to 17th century British setting - the Tudor Period and the Elizabethan era - although the rules can be adapted to other locations or time periods. Firearms (readily available in Europe at this time) are conspicuously absent from the setting, mentioned only in passing in the initial rulebook.

neg: Lords of Waterdeep Lords of Waterdeep is a German-style board game designed by Peter Lee and Rodney Thompson and published by Wizards of the Coast in 2012. The game is set in Waterdeep, a fictional city in the Forgotten Realms campaign setting for the "Dungeons & Dragons" role-playing game. Players take the role of masked rulers of Waterdeep, deploying agents and hiring adventurers to complete quests and increase their influence over the city.

neg: The Game (dice game) The Game is a dice game designed by Reinhold Wittig. It was first published in Germany in 1979, without rules and under the German name "Das Spiel".

neg: Thieves' Guild (role-playing game) Thieves' Guild is a role-playing game published by Gamelords in 1980.

neg: B-1 Nuclear Bomber B-1 Nuclear Bomber is a flight simulator game based on piloting a B-1 Lancer to its target and dropping a nuclear bomb. The USSR is one of the target countries. The game was developed by Avalon Hill and Microcomputer Games, Inc, and released in 1980 for the Apple II and other computers.

neg: Wizard and the Princess Wizard and the Princess (1980), also known as Adventure in Serenia (1982), is an adventure game by On-Line Systems for the Apple II, Atari 8-bit family, and Commodore 64. It was the second title released in On-Line Systems' Hi-Res Adventures series after "Mystery House".

neg: Campaign setting A campaign setting is usually a fictional world which serves as a setting for a role-playing game or wargame campaign. A "campaign" is a series of individual adventures, and a "campaign setting" is the world in which such adventures and campaigns take place. Usually a campaign setting is designed for a specific game (such as the "Forgotten Realms" setting for "Dungeons & Dragons") or a specific genre of game (such as Medieval fantasy, or outer space/science fiction adventure). There are numerous campaign settings available both in print and online. In addition to published campaign settings available for purchase, many game masters create their own settings, often referred to as "homebrew" settings or worlds.

neg: Escape from Astigar's Lair Escape from Astigar's Lair is an adventure for fantasy role-playing games published by Judges Guild in 1980.

neg: Trek-80 Trek-80 is a computer game developed by Judges Guild in 1979 for the TRS-80.

neg: Role Aids Role Aids is a line of role-playing game supplements published by Mayfair Games starting in 1982 .

neg: Gangster! Gangster! is a role-playing game published by Fantasy Games Unlimited in 1979.

neg: Heroes of Olympus (role-playing game) Heroes of Olympus is a role-playing game first published by Task Force Games in 1981.

neg: Odysseus (role-playing game) Odysseus is a role-playing game published by Fantasy Games Unlimited in 1980.

neg: Nick Pelling Nick Pelling is a British-born computer programmer and investigative writer best known as the creator of the 1984 game "Frak!".

neg: Rogue (video game) Rogue (also known as Rogue: Exploring the Dungeons of Doom) is a dungeon crawling video game by Michael Toy and Glenn Wichman and later contributions by Ken Arnold. "Rogue" was originally developed around 1980 for Unix-based mainframe systems as a freely-distributed executable (Public domain software). It was later included in the official Berkeley Software Distribution 4.2 operating system (4.2BSD). Commercial ports of the game for a range of personal computers were made by Toy, Wichman, and Jon Lane under the company A.I. Design and financially supported by the Epyx software publishers. Additional ports to modern systems have been made since by other parties using the game's now-open source code.

neg: Crafty Games Crafty Games is an American publisher of role-playing games based on espionage and fantasy themes, particularly Spycraft. The company was founded by the creative team behind the Classic Spycraft and Spycraft 2.0 RPGs, shortly after both lines were shut down by then-publisher Alderac Entertainment Group. Since its inception, Crafty Games has published over 50 products in print and PDF format, both through Mongoose Publishing's Flaming Cobra imprint and e-book vendor OneBookShelf. Crafty Games' work on Spycraft 2.0 has won nominations for the Diana Jones Award and 4 ENnie Awards in 2006.

neg: Redmond A. Simonsen Redmond Aksel Simonsen (June 18, 1942 – March 9, 2005) was an American graphic artist and game designer best known for his work at the board wargame company Simulations Publications, Inc. (SPI) in the 1970s and early 1980s. Simonsen was considered an innovator in game information graphics, and is credited with creating the term "game designer".

neg: Steve Miller (game designer) Steve Miller is a game designer and editor who has worked on a number of products for the "Dungeons & Dragons" fantasy role-playing game from Wizards of the Coast, and other role-playing games.

neg: 1980 in games This page lists board and card games, wargames, miniatures games, and tabletop role-playing games published in 1980. For video games, see 1980 in video gaming.


query: What was the stage name of the child actor who played a sidekick to a silent film comedian born Nov. 9, 1889?

pos: Ernie Morrison Ernest Fredric Morrison (December 20, 1912 – July 24, 1989) was an African American child actor who performed under the stage name "Sunshine Sammy." Morrison was the only black member of the East Side Kids, and was also an original "Our Gang" kid, a sidekick to Harold Lloyd and Snub Pollard, a silent screen comedian, a vaudevillian, a dancer, and band leader.

pos: Snub Pollard Harry "Snub" Pollard (9 November 1889 – 19 January 1962) was an Australian-born vaudevillian, who became a silent film comedian in Hollywood, popular in the 1920s.

neg: The Second Hundred Years (film) The Second Hundred Years (a.k.a. The Second 100 Years) is a 1927 American silent comedy short film starring Stan Laurel and Oliver Hardy prior to their official billing as the duo Laurel and Hardy. The team appeared in a total of 107 films between 1921 and 1951.

neg: Alan Carney Alan Carney (December 22, 1909 – May 2, 1973) was an American actor and comedian.

neg: Della Fox Della May Fox (October 13, 1870 - June 15, 1913) was an American singing comedian, whose popularity peaked in the 1890s when the diminutive Fox appeared opposite the very tall DeWolf Hopper in several musicals. She also toured successfully with her own company.

neg: Frank J. Coleman Frank John Coleman (26 April 1888 – 29 November 1948) was an American silent film actor.

neg: Hank Mann Hank Mann (born David William Lieberman, May 28, 1888 – November 25, 1971) was a comedian and silent screen star who was the last surviving member of the Keystone Cops. According to fellow actor and original member of the ensemble Edgar Kennedy, Mann was the originator of the idea for the Keystone Cops.

neg: Pat O'Malley (actor) Pat O'Malley (September 3, 1890 – May 21, 1966) was an American vaudeville and stage performer prior to starting a prolific film career at the age of 16.

neg: Helen Bray Helen Bray (November 25, 1889 – October 15, 1990) was a Missouri-born American actress who appeared in several silent films during the early 20th century.

neg: Kenneth Thomson (actor) Kenneth Thomson (January 7, 1899 – January 26, 1967) was an American character actor active during the silent and early sound film eras. He, along with his wife Alden Gay, was a founding member of the Screen Actors Guild. The group was founded after meetings held at the Thomsons' home during 1933. During his brief twelve-year career in front of the camera, he appeared in over 60 films. After appearing in several Broadway plays during the early and mid-1920s, Thomson would make his film debut with a starring role in 1926's "Risky Business". Over the next four years, he would appear in over a dozen films, in either starring or featured roles. In 1930 alone he would appear in ten films, half of which were in starring roles, such as "Lawful Larceny", which also starred Bebe Daniels and Lowell Sherman (who also directed), and "Reno", whose other stars were Ruth Roland and Montagu Love; the other half would see him in featured roles as in "A Notorious Affair", starring Billie Dove, Basil Rathbone, and Kay Francis. During the rest of the 1930s, he would appear in numerous films, mostly in either supporting or featured roles, such as "The Little Giant" (1933), starring Edward G. Robinson and Mary Astor, and "Hop-Along Cassidy" (1935), starring William Boyd; although he occasionally would have a starring role, as in opposite Harold Lloyd in 1932's "Movie Crazy".

neg: Sam Bernard Sam Bernard (born Samuel Barnett, 5 June 1863 – 16 May 1927) was an English-born American vaudeville comedian who also performed in musical theatre, comic opera and burlesque and appeared in a few silent films.

neg: Edna Luby Edna Luby (October 12, 1884 – October 1, 1928) was an American actress and comedian. She acted on stage and in silent films and performed in vaudeville as a celebrity impersonator. Luby was the niece Sigmund Lubin, a pioneer film producer.

neg: Wilmuth Merkyl Wilmuth John Merkyl (June 2, 1885 – May 1, 1954) was an American stage and screen actor popular in early silent films. On stage he had also been a singer in light operettas. He was born in Iowa and died in California.

neg: It's the Old Army Game It's the Old Army Game is a 1926 American silent comedy film starring W. C. Fields and Louise Brooks. The "army game" is the shell game, a con-trick which WC Fields observes being played. "It's the old army game" he says, sagely. The film was directed by A. Edward Sutherland, billed as Eddie Sutherland, and co-stars Sutherland's aunt, the stage actress Blanche Ring in one of her few silent film appearances. The film is based on the revue "The Comic Supplement" by Joseph P. McEvoy and Fields, and included several skits from Fields' stage plays.

neg: Harpo Marx Arthur Marx (born Adolph Marx; November 23, 1888 – September 28, 1964), known professionally as Harpo Marx, was an American comedian, actor, mime artist, and musician, and the second-oldest of the Marx Brothers. In contrast to the mainly verbal comedy of his brothers Groucho Marx and Chico Marx, Harpo's comic style was visual, being an example of both clown and pantomime traditions. He wore a curly reddish blonde wig, and never spoke during performances (he blew a horn or whistled to communicate). He frequently used props such as a horn cane, made up of a lead pipe, tape, and a bulbhorn, and he played the harp in most of his films.

neg: W. J. Hill W. J. Hill (1834–1888) was an English actor, singer and comedian.

neg: Tibor Lubinszky Tibor Lubinszky (26 November 1909 - 1 April 1956) was a Hungarian film actor. Lubinszky became famous as a child actor, starring in a number of silent films during the 1910s and 1920s. In the 1920 Austrian film "The Prince and the Pauper" he played the role of two doppelgangers. He is sometimes credited as Tibi Lubinsky.

neg: Bert Lytell Bert Lytell (February 24, 1885 in New York City – September 28, 1954 in New York City), Born Bertram Lytell, he was a popular screen star of the silent film era who starred in romantic, melodrama and adventure films.

neg: Lou Costello Louis Francis "Lou" Cristillo (March 6, 1906 – March 3, 1959), known by the stage name Lou Costello, was an American actor of radio, stage, television and film and burlesque comedian best remembered for the comedy double act of Abbott and Costello, with Bud Abbott. They started in burlesque, before showcasing their routines on radio, on Broadway, and in Hollywood films between 1940-1956. Costello played a bumbling character opposite Abbott's straight man. He was known for the catchphrases "Heeeeyyy, Abbott!" and "I'm a baaaaad boy!"

neg: Victor Potel Victor Potel (October 12, 1889 – March 8, 1947) was an American film character actor who began in the silent era and appeared in over 430 films in his 38-year career.

neg: Harry Watson, Jr. Harry B. Watson, Jr. (June 12, 1876 – October 1, 1965) was an American actor and comedian. Before his Vaudeville and Broadway stage career and making his films, he was a clown for Ringling Bros. and Barnum & Bailey Circus. Among his Broadway shows

neg: The Non-Stop Kid The Non-Stop Kid is a 1918 American short comedy film featuring Harold Lloyd.


query: What state was the president who appointed Fran P. Mainella to be the 16th Director of the National Park Service of the United States once governor of?

pos: Fran P. Mainella Frances P. Mainella (born 1947) was the 16th Director of the National Park Service of the United States and first woman to hold that position. She was appointed by President George W. Bush and confirmed by the U.S. Senate in 2001. She announced her retirement in July 2006 and resigned effective October 15, 2006. Mary A. Bomar, was sworn-in as the 17th Director on October 17, 2006.  She was in charge of the NPS when it allowed Redskin's Owner Dan Snyder to illegally remove 130 trees from his property, and while the park ranger who blew the whistle on this activity, Ranger Robert M. Dano, was persecuted at length. She subsequently gave contradictory accounts of this to federal investigators.

pos: George W. Bush George Walker Bush (born July 6, 1946) is an American politician who served as the 43rd President of the United States from 2001 to 2009. He was also the 46th Governor of Texas from 1995 to 2000. After graduating from Yale University in 1968 and Harvard Business School in 1975, he worked in the oil industry. Bush married Laura Welch in 1977 and ran unsuccessfully for the House of Representatives shortly thereafter. He later co-owned the Texas Rangers baseball team before defeating Ann Richards in the 1994 Texas gubernatorial election. Bush was elected president in 2000 after a close and controversial win over Democratic rival Al Gore, becoming the fourth president to be elected while receiving fewer popular votes than his opponent.

neg: The Blaine House The Blaine House, also known as James G. Blaine House, is the official residence of the Governor of Maine and his or her family. The Executive Mansion was officially declared the residence of the Governor in 1919 with the name "The Blaine House." It is located at Capitol and State Streets in Augusta, Maine, United States, across the street from the Maine State House.

neg: Andrew Johnson National Historic Site Andrew Johnson National Historic Site is a National Historic Site in Greeneville, Tennessee, maintained by the National Park Service. It was established to honor Andrew Johnson, 17th President of the United States, who became president after Abraham Lincoln's death. The site includes two of Johnson's homes, his tailor shop, and his grave site within the Andrew Johnson National Cemetery.

neg: Van Buren State Park (Ohio) Van Buren State Park is a 296 acre Ohio state park in Van Buren, Hancock County, Ohio in the United States. The park, named for the 8th U.S. President, Martin Van Buren, was opened to the public in 1950. It is in a small patch of woods in Northwestern Ohio and is surrounded by thousands of acres of fields of corn, wheat and soybeans. Van Buren State Park is open for year-round recreation.

neg: John Spellman John Dennis Spellman (born December 29, 1926) was the 18th Governor of Washington between 1981 and 1985 and the first King County Executive from 1969 to 1981. He was elected governor in 1980 amid large gains for Republicans across the country. During his tenure, the Washington State economy suffered due to the early 1980s recession. Spellman was defeated in his reelection campaign in 1984. He is to date the last Republican to hold the office of Governor of Washington.

neg: Lieutenant Governor of New Mexico The Lieutenant Governor of New Mexico is an elected official in the state of New Mexico that ranks just below the Governor of New Mexico. The lieutenant governor is the first person in the order of succession of New Mexico's executive branch, thus serving as governor in the event of the death, resignation, removal, impeachment, absence from the state, or incapacity due to illness of the Governor of New Mexico. The lieutenant governor is elected on a ticket with the governor for a four-year term. This position was first filled by Ezequiel Cabeza De Baca on January 6, 1912, the year that New Mexico became a state.

neg: Presidencies of Grover Cleveland The presidencies of Grover Cleveland lasted from March 4, 1885 to March 4, 1889, and from March 4, 1893 to March 4, 1897. The first Democrat elected after the Civil War, Grover Cleveland is the only President of the United States to leave office after one term and later return for a second term. His presidencies were the nation's 22nd and 24th. Cleveland defeated James G. Blaine of Maine in 1884, lost to Benjamin Harrison of Indiana in 1888, and then defeated President Harrison in 1892.

neg: William L. Guy William Lewis Guy (September 30, 1919 – April 26, 2013) was the governor of the U.S. state of North Dakota from 1961 to 1973. Guy was North Dakota's longest-serving governor in state history, serving two consecutive two-year terms and two four-year terms in office.

neg: Governor of Massachusetts The Governor of Massachusetts is the head of the executive branch of Massachusetts' state government and serves as commander-in-chief of the state's military forces. The current governor is Charlie Baker.

neg: Lynn Frazier Lynn Joseph Frazier (December 21, 1874January 11, 1947) was a politician from North Dakota, serving as a U.S. Senator from 1923 to 1941 and the 12th Governor of North Dakota from 1917 until being recalled in 1921. He was the first American governor ever successfully recalled from office. The only other time a gubernatorial recall has been successful was in 2003 to California Governor Gray Davis.

neg: Albert Rosellini Albert Dean Rosellini (January 21, 1910 – October 10, 2011) was an American politician, the 15th governor of the state of Washington for two terms, from 1957 to 1965, and was the first Italian American and Roman Catholic governor elected west of the Mississippi River.

neg: List of Governors of South Dakota The Governor of South Dakota is the chief executive of the U.S. state of South Dakota. The current Governor is Dennis Daugaard. The Governor has the power to sign or veto laws, and to call the Legislative Assembly into emergency session. He has an "ex officio" North Dakota Governor's Residence. The governor may only serve two terms consecutively, and becomes eligible for reelection after four years out of office.

neg: Governorship of Franklin D. Roosevelt Franklin D. Roosevelt was elected governor of New York in 1928 and served from 1 January 1929 until his election as President of the United States in 1932. His term as governor provided him with a high-visibility position in which to prove himself as well as provide a major base from which to launch a bid for the presidency.

neg: Martin E. Trapp Martin Edwin Trapp (April 18, 1877 – July 26, 1951) was an American state auditor, governor and lieutenant governor of the U.S. state of Oklahoma. Oklahoma's third lieutenant governor, he was the first to become governor not through an election but instead due to the previous governor's impeachment and removal from office.

neg: Paul L. Patterson Paul Linton Patterson (July 18, 1900 – January 31, 1956) was an American Republican politician. A native of Ohio, he served in World War I before becoming an attorney in Oregon. Later he served as President of the Oregon State Senate (1951–1952) and the 26th Governor of Oregon (1952–1956), dying in office.

neg: John H. Sununu John Henry Sununu (born July 2, 1939) is a Cuban-born American politician who served as the 75th Governor of New Hampshire (1983–89) and later White House Chief of Staff under President George H. W. Bush. He is the father of John E. Sununu, the former United States Senator from New Hampshire, and Christopher Sununu, the governor of New Hampshire. Sununu was the chairman of the New Hampshire Republican Party from 2009 to 2011.

neg: Governor of Oklahoma The governor of the State of Oklahoma is the head of state for the U.S. state of Oklahoma. Under the Oklahoma Constitution, the governor is also the head of government, serving as the chief executive of the Oklahoma executive branch, of the government of Oklahoma. The governor is the "ex officio" Commander-in-Chief of the Oklahoma National Guard when not called into federal use. Despite being an executive branch official, the governor also holds legislative and judicial powers. The governor's responsibilities include making yearly "State of the State" addresses to the Oklahoma Legislature, submitting the annual state budget, ensuring that state laws are enforced, and that the peace is preserved. The governor's term is four years in length.

neg: Governor of California The Governor of California is the chief executive of the California state government, commander-in-chief of the California National Guard and the California State Military Reserve, whose responsibilities also include making annual State of the State addresses to the California State Legislature, submitting the budget, and ensuring that state laws are enforced. The position was created in 1849, the year before California became a state.

neg: George Franklin Drew George Franklin Drew (August 6, 1827 – September 26, 1900) was the 12th Governor of the U.S. state of Florida.

neg: Herbert Hoover National Historic Site The Herbert Hoover National Historic Site is a unit of the National Park System in West Branch, Iowa, United States. The buildings and grounds are managed by the National Park Service to commemorate the life of Herbert Hoover, the 31st President of the United States. The park was established in 1965, shortly after it was named a National Historic Landmark. It now encompasses 186.8 acre .

neg: Columbus Delano Columbus Delano, (June 4, 1809 – October 23, 1896) was a lawyer, rancher, banker, statesman and a member of the prominent Delano family. Delano was elected U.S. Congressman from Ohio, serving two full terms and one partial one. Prior to the American Civil War, Delano was a National Republican and then a Whig; as a Whig he was identified with the faction of the party that opposed the spread of slavery into the Western territories, and he became a Republican when the party was founded as the major anti-slavery party after the demise of the Whigs in the 1850s. During Reconstruction Delano advocated federal protection of African-Americans civil rights, and argued that the former Confederate states should be administered by the federal government, but were not part of the United States until they met the requirements for readmission to the Union. Delano served as President Ulysses S. Grant's Secretary of the Interior during a time of rapid Westward expansionism, and contended with conflicts between Native American tribes and American settlers. He was instrumental in the establishment of America's first national park, supervising the first U.S. federally funded exploratory scientific expedition into Yellowstone in 1871, and becoming America's first national park overseer in 1872. In 1874, Delano requested that Congress protect Yellowstone through creation of a federally funded administrative agency, the first Secretary of the Interior to request such preservation of a nationally important site.


query: Was Jason Loewenstein and Underoath bands both located in America?

pos: Jason Loewenstein Jason Loewenstein (born July 20, 1971) is an American alternative rock singer, songwriter and multi-instrumentalist and a member of the indie-rock bands Sebadoh and The Fiery Furnaces. He grew up in Northampton, Massachusetts, where he attended Northampton High School, and now resides in Brooklyn, New York.

pos: Underoath Underoath (stylized as Underøath or UnderOath) is an American Christian post-hardcore band from Tampa, Florida. Founded by Dallas Taylor and Luke Morton on November 30, 1997, in Ocala, Florida, subsequently its additional members were from Tampa, Florida.

neg: Satellite (US band) Satellite is an American alternative rock band from Los Angeles, California, and Nashville, Tennessee, formed by Steven McMorran, Josh Dunahoo, and Mitch Allan in June 2010.

neg: Fang Island Fang Island was an American indie rock band formed in Providence, Rhode Island, and based in Brooklyn, New York. The group consisted of guitarists Jason Bartell and Chris Georges, bassist Brock Hengin and drummer Marc St. Sauveur.

neg: Phosphorescent (band) Phosphorescent is the working moniker of American singer-songwriter, Matthew Houck (born 1980). Originally from Huntsville, Alabama, Houck began recording and performing under this "nom de plume" in 2001 in Athens, Georgia. He is currently based in Brooklyn, New York.

neg: Stay Human (band) Stay Human is a band founded and led by American musician Jon Batiste. They are the house band for Stephen Colbert's late-night talk show "The Late Show with Stephen Colbert", which premiered on September 8, 2015.

neg: Yellow Ostrich Yellow Ostrich was an American indie rock band based in Brooklyn, New York. The band formed in 2009 and, at the time of their last show, consisted of Alex Schaaf (vocals and guitar), Michael Tapper (drums), Jared Van Fleet and Zach Rose.

neg: Jason Flom Jason Flom (born February 17, 1961) is an American music industry executive and current Chief Executive Officer of Lava Records. He has served, at times, as the Chairman and CEO of Atlantic Records, Virgin Records, and the Capitol Music Group. In 1995, he founded Lava Records. He is also a philanthropist who has supported and championed various political and social causes. He is the host of the podcast Wrongful Conviction with Jason Flom.

neg: Jason Sutter Jason Sutter is an American musician and drummer currently based in Los Angeles, California.

neg: The Slants The Slants are an Asian-American dance-rock band. The band was founded by Simon Young (also known as Simon Tam) in 2006 in Portland, Oregon. Often compared with 80’s synth-pop bands such as Depeche Mode, New Order, and Joy Division, as well as modern acts such as The Killers and The Bravery, the band often refers to their sound as "Chinatown Dance Rock". All members of the current lineup are of Asian Pacific Islander descent and they are well known for their involvement with the Asian American community, often playing at large cultural festivals and anime conventions, and fighting racist ideas/stereotypes. The band is well known in legal circles due to their battle with the United States Trademark Office, which went before the Supreme Court of the United States in the case of "Matal v. Tam", and was decided in their favor.

neg: Aaron Gillespie Aaron Roderick Gillespie (born July 18, 1983) is an American musician, best known for being the original drummer and clean vocalist for the metalcore band Underoath, and the lead singer and rhythm guitarist for the alternative rock band The Almost. Gillespie also maintains his own solo project, and released his debut full-length album, "Anthem Song" on March 8, 2011. From 2013 to 2016, he was the touring drummer for Paramore.

neg: Inger Lorre Inger Lorre (born Lori Ann Wening) is an American singer who is best known for her bands The Nymphs and Motel Shootout.

neg: Hypnogaja Hypnogaja (pronounced hip-nō-gä-zhä) is an American rock band from Los Angeles, CA. The group is composed of vocalist Jason "ShyBoy" Arnold, keyboardist Mark Nubar Donikian, drummer Adrian Barnardo and guitarists Bryan Farrar and Abe Parker.

neg: Liberteer Liberteer is the grindcore project of Santa Cruz, California–based musician Matthew Widener, best known for his work for Exhumed, The County Medical Examiners and Cretin. The project started out as a band under the name Citizen and went through a name change with Widener's shifting political views. It released its debut album, "Better to Die on Your Feet Than Live on Your Knees" in 2012 through Relapse Records.

neg: Jason Chen Jason Chen (), born November 12, 1988, is an American pop singer of Taiwanese descent. He began as a singer performing covers on YouTube, where he gained a sizable following. He later released dozens of singles and four full albums.

neg: Boy in Static Boy in Static is an indie rock band currently based in San Francisco, California, composed of Alexander Chen and Kenji Ross. The band has toured internationally with bands such as 13 & God, Freezepop, and Lymbyc Systym.

neg: Combichrist Combichrist is an American aggrotech band formed in 2003 by Norwegian Andy LaPlegua, who also founded the bands Icon of Coil, Panzer AG, "Scandinavian Cock" and "Scandy". Combichrist is based in Atlanta, Georgia. The band consist of only LaPlegua in the studio with Joe Letz, Eric13, Brent Ashley, and Nick Rossi for live performances. Releases by the band have been very successful in terms of sales and charted in top positions for dance and alternative charts worldwide.

neg: LoCash Cowboys (album) LoCash Cowboys is the self-titled sophomore album of the American country music duo LoCash Cowboys. It was released on June 18, 2013 via Average Joes Entertainment.

neg: The Velveteins The Velveteins is an indie rock band from Edmonton, Canada. The group consists of core songwriting members Spencer Morphy (guitar, singer) and Addison Hiller (percussion, singer). Originating as a solo project by Morphy, The Velveteins group was formed in 2014 after Morphy's extended trip Down Under during which he "fell in love with the psychedelic music and lush beaches of Australia". The band's self-produced first effort, "Fresh Claws EP," was released in 2014 and marked the first collaborative work by Morphy and Hiller. A second release, "A Hot Second With The Velveteins," was produced and recorded by Lincoln Parish of Cage The Elephant in his home studio in Nashville, Tennessee. This release received critical acclaim locally and internationally. The band has played CMW in Toronto and has opened for high profile indie acts such as Milo Greene, USS, and July Talk.

neg: Williams Street Records Williams Street Records, LLC is an American independent record company found by Jason DeMarco, based in Atlanta, Georgia. It is a joint venture of Williams Street Studios (a division of Turner Broadcasting System, which is in turn owned by Time Warner) and Warner Music Group (Time Warner's former record company) and it is distributed through Alternative Distribution Alliance. Under that label, they have released original works of music, some of which are related to their shows on Adult Swim. The label is managed by Chris Hartley, and the A&R is Jason DeMarco.

neg: Nine Inch Nails Nine Inch Nails (abbreviated as NIN and stylized as NIИ) is an American industrial rock band founded in 1988 by Trent Reznor in Cleveland, Ohio. The band released two influential albums during the 1990s – "The Downward Spiral" (1994) and "The Fragile" (1999) – and has record sales exceeding over 20 million copies worldwide, with 10 million sales certified in the United States alone.

neg: The Abominable Iron Sloth The Abominable Iron Sloth is an American sludge metal band from Sacramento, California. The band features vocalist/guitarist Justin Godfrey, guitarists Cayle Hunter and Jeff Irwin, bassist Mike Martin, and drummer Mitch Wheeler. They released their eponymous debut album through Goodfellow Records in early 2006. Their second album, "The Id Will Overcome", was released in 2010.


query: The Wisconsin Lottery is run by the Wisconsin Department of Revenue and was authorized in 1988 by the state legislature, its games consist of Mega Millions, is an American multi-jurisdictional lottery game; it is offered in how many states, the District of Columbia, and the U.S. Virgin Islands?

pos: Wisconsin Lottery The Wisconsin Lottery is run by the Wisconsin Department of Revenue and was authorized in 1988 by the state legislature. It is a member of the Multi-State Lottery Association (MUSL). Its games consist of Mega Millions, Powerball, Megabucks, Supercash!, Badger 5, Pick 3, Pick 4, and scratch games. Since its founding, it has generated $3 billion for property tax relief for state residents.

pos: Mega Millions Mega Millions (which began as The Big Game in 1996, which was renamed to The Big Game Mega Millions six years later) is an American multi-jurisdictional lottery game; it is offered in 44 states, the District of Columbia, and the U.S. Virgin Islands. The first "(The Big Game) Mega Millions" drawing was in 2002 (see below.)

neg: Land Lottery A Land Lottery is a method of allocating land ownership or the right to occupy land by lot.

neg: Community Choice Aggregation Community Choice Aggregation, abbreviated CCA, is a system adopted into law in the United States states of Massachusetts, New York, Ohio, California, New Jersey, Rhode Island, and Illinois, which allows cities, counties, and some special districts, to aggregate the buying power of individual customers within a defined jurisdiction in order to secure alternative energy supply contracts on a community-wide basis, but allowing consumers not wishing to participate to opt out. Also known as Community Choice Energy (CCE), municipal aggregation, governmental aggregation, electricity aggregation, and community aggregation, CCAs now serve nearly 5% of Americans in over 1300 municipalities as of 2014.

neg: Cash4Life Cash4Life is a lottery game that began sales on June 13, 2014, in New York and New Jersey; the first drawing took place on June 16. Cash4Life currently is offered in nine states (see below.)

neg: List of Massachusetts state forests Massachusetts, with forests covering 3060000 acres (59%) of its land area, administers more than 500000 acres of state forest, wildlife and watershed land under the cabinet level Executive Office of Energy and Environmental Affairs. Lands are managed by Department of Conservation and Recreation, Division of State Parks and Recreation (285000 acres ), Division of Fisheries and Wildlife (MassWildlife) (140000 acres ), and the Division of Water Supply Protection's Office of Watershed Management (104000 acres ).

neg: PayDay (lottery) PayDay was a lottery game administered by several regions of Canada. The game draws four numbers from 1 through 77. Each ticket contains 15 sets of numbers. Their distribution is located in the table below.

neg: Louisiana Lottery Corporation The Lottery offers full and part-time employment in a total of 6 different cities in the State of Louisiana. Over half of the Lottery sales are for prize expenses. Not only does the government receive revenue from the Lottery, but businesses do as well. The minimum age to purchase a ticket is 21 years olds. However, to sell or receive a Lottery ticket there is no minimum age.

neg: Great Lakes Megalopolis The Great Lakes Megalopolis consists of the group of metropolitan areas in North America largely in the Great Lakes region and along the Saint Lawrence Seaway. It lies mainly within the Midwestern United States, but extends into western Pennsylvania and Upstate New York, as well as Southern Ontario and the southern part of Quebec in Canada. It is the largest and most populated megalopolis in North America.

neg: Decades of Dollars Decades of Dollars (DoD) was the name of a Virginia-only lottery game; it began as a multi-state game in January 2011. Georgia and Kentucky joined Virginia in launching DoD; Arkansas joined in May 2011. (DoD replaced "Win for Life" in Kentucky; WFL ended in 2014 as a Virginia-only game.)

neg: Legislature of the Virgin Islands The Legislature of the Virgin Islands is the territorial legislature of the United States Virgin Islands. The legislative branch of the unincorporated U.S. territory is unicameral, with a single house consisting of 15 senators, elected to two-year terms without term limits. The territorial legislature meets in the capital of Charlotte Amalie on the island of St. Thomas.

neg: Multi-State Lottery Association The Multi-State Lottery Association (MUSL) is an American non-profit, government-benefit association owned and operated by agreement of its 33-member lotteries. MUSL was created to facilitate the operation of multi-jurisdictional lottery games, most notably Mega Millions and Powerball.

neg: Metropolitan Utilities District The Metropolitan Utilities District, or M.U.D., is the political subdivision and public corporation of the U.S. State of Nebraska that operates the drinking water and natural gas systems for Omaha, Nebraska and surrounding areas. M.U.D. is the only metropolitan utilities district in the State of Nebraska, and the fifth largest public natural gas utility in the U.S.

neg: Gambling in Maine Legal forms of gambling in the U.S. state of Maine include parimutuel wagering on horse races, the Maine Lottery, two casinos, and charitable gaming.

neg: Lucky for Life Lucky for Life (LFL) is a lottery drawing game (as of September 2017) available in 24 states and the District of Columbia. Lucky for Life, which began in 2009 in Connecticut as "Lucky-4-Life", became a New England–wide game three years later, and added eleven lotteries during 2015. LFL's slogan is "The Game of a Lifetime". Drawings remain in Connecticut; Lucky for Life is drawn Mondays and Thursdays at 10:38 p.m. Eastern Time, using two drawing machines and numbered balls.

neg: 4-Digits 43014-Digits (abbreviation: 4-D) is a lottery in Singapore and Malaysia. Individuals play by choosing any number from 0000 to 9999. Then, twenty-three winning numbers are drawn each time. If one of the numbers matches the one that the player has bought, a prize is won. A draw is conducted to select these winning numbers. 4-Digits is a fixed-odds game.

neg: Special district (United States) Special districts (also known as special service districts, special district governments, limited purpose entities, or special-purpose districts in the United States) are independent, special-purpose governmental units that exist separately from local governments such as county, municipal, and township governments, with substantial administrative and fiscal independence. They are formed to perform a single function or a set of related functions. The term "special district governments" as defined by the U.S. Census Bureau excludes school districts. In 2007, the U.S. had more than 39,000 special district governments.

neg: Wisconsin's congressional districts Wisconsin is currently divided into 8 congressional districts, each represented by a member of the United States House of Representatives. After the 2010 Census, the number of Wisconsin's seats remained unchanged.

neg: Michigan Gaming Control and Revenue Act The Michigan Gaming Control and Revenue Act, passed by Michigan voters in 1996 as Proposal E and then expanded and signed into law as the Public Act 69 of 1997, allows non-Native American casino gaming in Michigan. The proposal was approved by 51.51% of the voters on November 5, 1996.

neg: Wisconsin v. City of New York Wisconsin v. City of New York, 517 U.S. 1 (1996) , was a United States Supreme Court case that held that under the Constitution's Census Clause, Congress is granted with the authority to conduct an "actual enumeration" of the American society, chiefly for the purpose of allocating congressional representation among the states.

neg: Wisconsin State Patrol The Wisconsin State Patrol is the state police force for the state of Wisconsin. It serves a population of 5.7 million mainly through traffic safety and enforcement on the state highways.

neg: LGBT rights in Vermont The establishment of LGBT rights in the US state of Vermont is a recent occurrence, with the majority of progress having taken place in the past century. It was one of 37 US states, along with the District of Columbia, that issued marriage licenses to same-sex couples, until the landmark Supreme Court ruling of Obergefell v. Hodges that legalized equal marriage rights for same-sex couples nationwide.


query: Humane Society International Australia is an offshoot of what organisation that also was identified as teh 136th largest charity in the United States by the "Chronicle of Philanthropy"?

pos: Humane Society International Australia Humane Society International Australia (HSIA) is the Australian branch of Humane Society International (HSI), an offshoot of the international animal protection organisation, The Humane Society of the United States (HSUS).

pos: The Humane Society of the United States The Humane Society of the United States (HSUS), based in Washington, D.C., is an American nonprofit organization founded by journalist Fred Myers and Helen Jones, Larry Andrews, and Marcia Glaser in 1954, to address what they saw as animal-related cruelties of national scope, and to resolve animal welfare problems by applying strategies beyond the resources or abilities of local organizations. In 2013, the "Chronicle of Philanthropy" identified HSUS as the 136th largest charity in the United States in its Philanthropy 400 listing.

neg: Wayne Pacelle Wayne Pacelle (born August 4, 1965) is the President and Chief Executive Officer (CEO) of the Humane Society of the United States (HSUS). Pacelle took office June 1, 2004, after serving for nearly 10 years as the organization's chief lobbyist and spokesperson. Since becoming CEO, he has sought to expand the organization's membership base and its influence on public policy.

neg: Operation Save America Operation Save America (formerly Operation Rescue National) is a fundamentalist Christian conservative organization based in Concord, North Carolina, a suburb of Charlotte, that opposes human induced abortion and its legality, non-Christian religions , and homosexuality. In 1994, Flip Benham became the director of the organization, then called "Operation Rescue National". Benham replaced Keith Tucci, who had replaced Randall Terry. Terry, Tucci and Benham have all been convicted of crimes related to their protest activities. Rusty Thomas is the current national director, having taken over when Flip Benham stepped down.

neg: United Way of America United Way of America (now United Way Worldwide) based in Alexandria, Virginia, is a nonprofit organization that works with almost 1,200 local United Way offices throughout the country in a coalition of charitable organizations to pool efforts in fundraising and support. United Way's focus is to identify and resolve pressing community issues and to make measurable changes in communities through partnerships with schools, government agencies, businesses, organized labor, financial institutions, community development corporations, voluntary and neighborhood associations, the faith community, and others. The main areas include education, income, and health.

neg: Peninsula Humane Society The Peninsula Humane Society (PHS) is one of the largest humane organizations in the United States. Located in San Mateo County, California, it is a private non-profit charitable organization with approximately 50,000 members. It is an animal rescue (including wildlife rescue), rehabilitation and adoption operation with two locations. The Tom and Annette Lantos Center for Compassion, where adoptable animals are housed, is in the city of Burlingame and the older physical plant, which serves as the intake shelter, is located at Coyote Point in the city of San Mateo. PHS has been responsible for considerable progress in the California Legislature with new humane laws in the state, especially since the late 1970s. PHS has been characterized as a progressive and innovative humane organization.

neg: Philanthropy Journal The Philanthropy Journal is an online magazine that delivers news, resources and opinion on matters relating to non-profit organizations. The journal offers a free website and email newsletters, nonprofit job postings, professional-development webinars, and resource listings. In addition to regular news coverage, it publishes information on trends, research, and resources relevant to nonprofits.

neg: Clear Path International Clear Path International (CPI) is a non-profit organization based in the United States. The organization assists civilian victims of war in post-conflict zones. This assistance takes the form of direct medical and social services to survivors and their families as well as equipment support to hospitals. Clear Path International's projects are in Afghanistan, Vietnam, Cambodia and on the border of Burma and Thailand.

neg: Australia for Dolphins Action for Dolphins (AFD), formerly known as 'Australia for Dolphins', is an animal welfare charity committed to achieving international protection for small cetaceans (dolphins and other small whales). The organisation aims to end dolphin hunting and captivity.

neg: Doris Day Animal League The Doris Day Animal League is an animal advocacy group based in Washington D.C. It established the annual observance Spay Day USA in 1994, which the group uses to bring attention to the pet overpopulation problem in the United States. On September 1, 2006, the organization merged with the Humane Society of the United States.

neg: RedRover (organisation) RedRover is, broadly, an animal rescue organisation, with the strapline "bring animals from crisis to care". It was founded (as 'United Animal Nations') in Sacramento, California in 1987. It is not affiliated with United Animal Nations (International) based in Switzerland.

neg: Berkshire Humane Society The Berkshire Humane Society (BHS) is a private non-profit humane organization in Berkshire County, Massachusetts. Founded in 1992, BHS is an open admissions shelter and has cared for over 43,000 animals. The humane society operates animal welfare services and pet adoption facilities in Pittsfield and Great Barrington.

neg: Protect the Harvest Protect the Harvest is an American 501(c)(4) nonprofit advocacy organization founded by oil executive Forrest Lucas which opposes "the radical animal rights movement” and particularly the Humane Society of the United States, which it calls "a wealthy and successful attack group". The organization has an allied political action committee, the Protect the Harvest PAC, which funds campaigns to assist or defeat candidates for political office.

neg: Knights of Columbus The Knights of Columbus is the world's largest Catholic fraternal service organization. Founded by Father Michael J. McGivney in New Haven, Connecticut, in 1882, it was named in honor of the explorer Christopher Columbus. Originally serving as a mutual benefit society to working class and immigrant Catholics in the United States, it developed into a fraternal benefit society dedicated to providing charitable services, including war and disaster relief, promoting Catholic education and Catholic public policy positions, and actively defending Catholicism in various nations.

neg: Atlas Service Corps Atlas Service Corps ("Atlas Corps") is a United States-based 501(c)(3) nonprofit organization which aims to facilitate communication among international leaders in the international non-profit sector. It was founded by Scott Beale, and formally incorporated on April 7, 2006.

neg: Childhelp Childhelp is a national non-profit organization dedicated to the prevention and treatment of child abuse. Founded in 1959 as International Orphans, Inc. by Sara O'Meara and Yvonne Fedderson, Childhelp is one of the largest non-profit child abuse prevention and treatment organizations in the nation. It operates facilities in California, Virginia, Tennessee, and Arizona. The Childhelp National Child Abuse Hotline services all of the United States, its territories and Canada. The organization also distributes Childhelp Speak Up Be Safe, a school-based abuse and bullying prevention program.

neg: San Diego Humane Society San Diego Humane Society and SPCA, is a non-profit organization in San Diego, California with three campuses in San Diego County. The organization's programs include; sheltering and adopting animals, investigating animal cruelty and neglect, rescuing animals in emergency situations, positive reinforcement behavior training through public training classes, providing adult and youth education programs, sharing animals through pet-assisted therapy and more. In Oceanside and Vista, the San Diego Humane Society North Campus provides animal control and stray pet services for the public.

neg: Morris Animal Foundation Morris Animal Foundation is a United States charity devoted to animal health. The Foundation advances veterinary medicine and is a global leader in funding veterinary research for companion animals, horses and wildlife.

neg: Dan Pallotta Daniel M. "Dan" Pallotta (born January 21, 1961) is an American entrepreneur, author, and humanitarian activist. He is best known for his involvement in multi-day charitable events with the long-distance Breast Cancer 3-Day walks, AIDS Rides bicycle journeys, and Out of the Darkness suicide prevention night walks. Over nine years, 182,000 people participated in these events and raised $582 million. They were the subject of a Harvard Business School case study. He is the author of "Uncharitable – How Restraints on Nonprofits Undermine Their Potential", the best-selling title in the history of Tufts University Press. He is also the author of "Charity Case: How the Nonprofit Community Can Stand Up for Itself and Really Change the World", and "When Your Moment Comes – a Guide to Fulfilling Your Dreams". He is the president of Advertising for Humanity and president and founder of the Charity Defense Council. He is a featured contributor to Harvard Business Review online.

neg: Supporting organization (charity) A supporting organization, in the United States, is a public charity that operates under the U.S. Internal Revenue Code in 26 USCA 509(a)(3). A supporting organization either makes grants to, or performs the operations of, a public charity similar to a private foundation. However, unlike donations to a private foundation, donations to a supporting organization garner the same higher deduction rate as donations to public charities. However, supporting organizations allow less control over the organization to the founders than private foundations. The Internal Revenue Code calls a public charity that relies on a supporting organization a "supported organization".

neg: Habitat for Humanity Habitat for Humanity International (HFHI), generally referred to as Habitat for Humanity or simply Habitat, is an international, non-governmental, and nonprofit organization, which was founded in 1976. Habitat has been devoted to building "simple, decent, and affordable" housing, a self-described "Christian housing ministry," and has addressed the issues of poverty housing all over the world. The international operational headquarters are located in Americus, Georgia, United States, with the administrative headquarters located in Atlanta. There are five area offices located around the world: United States and Canada; Africa and the Middle East (located in Pretoria, South Africa); Asia-Pacific (Bangkok, Thailand); Europe and Central Asia (Bratislava, Slovakia); and Latin America and the Caribbean (San Jose, Costa Rica).

neg: Mercy Ships Mercy Ships is an international charity. Mercy Ships currently operates the largest non-governmental hospital ship in the world, providing humanitarian aid like free health care, community development projects, community health education, mental health programs, agriculture projects, and palliative care for terminally ill patients.