query: Who is older Glenn Hughes or Ross Lynch?

pos: Glenn Hughes Glenn Hughes (born 21 August 1951) is an English rock bassist and vocalist, best known for playing bass and performing vocals for funk rock pioneers Trapeze, the Mk. III and IV line-ups of Deep Purple, as well as briefly fronting Black Sabbath in the mid-1980s.

pos: Ross Lynch Ross Shor Lynch (born December 29, 1995) is an American singer, songwriter, and actor. He is one of the founding members of the pop rock band R5. As an actor, he is known for his debut role as Austin Moon on the Disney Channel original series "Austin & Ally", and for his role as Brady in the "Teen Beach Movie" series. Lynch is also starring in a new horror/thriller movie called "My Friend Dahmer," where he plays the role of Jeffrey Dahmer in his teenage years. The movie is set to debut in the fall of 2017.

neg: Tom Lynch (American football) Thomas Frank Lynch (born May 24, 1955 in Chicago, Illinois) is a former American football guard in the National Football League for the Seattle Seahawks and the Buffalo Bills. Lynch played college football at Boston College.

neg: Glenn Seton Glenn Seton (born 5 May 1965) is an Australian racing driver. He won the Australian Touring Car Championship in 1993 and 1997 while driving for his own team. Although he never won the Bathurst 1000 like his father Barry did in 1965, Glenn started from pole position in 1994 and 1996, and finished second three times. He came close to winning the race in 1995, holding a significant lead in the closing stages, but his engine failed nine laps from the finish.

neg: Ross Greenwood (journalist) Ross Greenwood (born 29 June 1959) is an Australian financial analyst and journalist.

neg: Tony Lynch Anthony Junior Lynch (born 20 January 1966) is an English former professional footballer who played in the Football League, as a Left winger.

neg: Glenn Nugent Glenn Nugent (born 8 November 1971) is a former Australian rules footballer who played with Hawthorn and St Kilda in the Australian Football League (AFL) during the 1990s.

neg: Glenn Dunlop Glenn Dunlop (born 12 May 1968 in Belfast, Northern Ireland) is a retired Northern Irish footballer who played as a central defender. After beginning his playing career at amateur level for Sirocco Works, he signed for Belfast side Crusaders in 1991, retiring in 2000 due to a call to Christian ministry.

neg: Sammy T. Hughes Samuel Thomas Hughes (October 20, 1910 – August 9, 1981) was an American second baseman in baseball's Negro Leagues. Born in Louisville, Kentucky, he played primarily for the Elite Giants through their various stops in Nashville, Columbus, Washington, D.C. and Baltimore, always in the Negro National League.

neg: Fabulous Blitzkrieg Jeremiah "Jay" Ross (born August 2, 1975) is an American former professional wrestler. He is best known under his ring name Fabulous Blitzkrieg (later abbreviated to Blitzkrieg) and for his appearances with World Championship Wrestling (WCW).

neg: Ross Bjork Ross Bjork (born October 22, 1972) is the current athletics director for the University of Mississippi. He has previously served as the director of athletics for Western Kentucky University where he was the youngest among all of the 120 NCAA FBS when hired. He has also previously worked for the University of Miami, UCLA, and the University of Missouri.

neg: Glen Glenn (sound engineer) Glen Percy Raymond Glenn (November 25, 1907–August 21, 1960) was a Canadian-American sound man who went to Los Angeles in the 1930s to pursue a career in television and movies. He was born in New Brunswick, Canada.

neg: Glenn Cornick Glenn Douglas Barnard Cornick (23 April 1947 – 28 August 2014) was a British bass player, best known as a founding member of the British band Jethro Tull. "Rolling Stone" has called his playing with Tull as "stout, nimble underpinning, the vital half of a blues-ribbed, jazz-fluent rhythm section".

neg: Brian Lynch (public servant) Brian John Lynch, ONZM, MA (born 1936) is a former New Zealand public servant, diplomat, and was the director of the New Zealand Institute of International Affairs.

neg: Jim Lynch (ice hockey) Jim Lynch (born (1953--) 6, 1953 ) is a Canadian retired professional ice hockey player and coach who played for Fife Flyers, Murrayfield Racers, Solihull Barons, Humberside Seahawks and coached Ayr Scottish Eagles in the United Kingdom.

neg: Ross Jack James Ross Jack (born 21 March 1959) is a Scottish football player and manager.

neg: Shane Douglas Troy Allan Martin (born November 21, 1964) is an American professional wrestler and promoter, better known by his ring name Shane Douglas. He is best known for his tenures in Extreme Championship Wrestling (ECW), World Championship Wrestling (WCW), World Wrestling Federation (WWF), and Total Nonstop Action Wrestling (TNA), where he worked as a wrestler and manager.

neg: Glenn Hunter (footballer) Glenn Cyril Hunter (born 1967) is a former Crusaders F.C. footballer and held the club's goalscoring record with 157 goals in 296 appearances, breaking the record of Curry Mulholland, which had stood for almost 40 years before being surpassed by Jordan Owens in January 2016.

neg: Tom Lynch (rugby league) Tom "Tommy" Lynch is a professional rugby league footballer who played in the 2010s, playing at club level for Featherstone Rovers (Heritage № 938), and Gateshead Thunder.

neg: Glenn McQuaid Glenn McQuaid (born 1972/1973) is an Irish film director. He is known for his feature film debut "I Sell The Dead" and his involvement in the audio play anthology series "Tales From Beyond the Pale", both of which were produced by frequent collaborator Larry Fessenden's Glass Eye Pix. He has also directed a segment of anthology horror film "V/H/S".

neg: Glenn Wright Forest Glenn "Buckshot" Wright (February 6, 1901 – April 6, 1984), was a professional baseball player. He played all or part of eleven seasons in Major League Baseball between 1924 and 1935, primarily as a shortstop. Wright played for the Pittsburgh Pirates, Brooklyn Dodgers, and Chicago White Sox.

neg: Glenn Watkins Glenn E. Watkins (born May 30, 1927), is the Earl V. Moore Professor (Emeritus) of Music History and Musicology at the University of Michigan and a specialist in the study of Renaissance and 20th-century music.


query: Who was an American singer, Bob Dylan or Philip Pullman?

pos: Bob Dylan Bob Dylan ( ; born Robert Allen Zimmerman, May 24, 1941) is an American singer, songwriter, musician, painter, and writer. He has been influential in popular music and culture for more than five decades. Much of his most celebrated work dates from the 1960s, when he became a reluctant "voice of a generation" with songs such as "Blowin' in the Wind" and "The Times They Are a-Changin'", which became anthems for the Civil Rights Movement and anti-war movement. Leaving behind his initial base in the American folk music revival, his six-minute single "Like a Rolling Stone", recorded in 1965, enlarged the range of popular music.

pos: Philip Pullman Philip Pullman CBE, FRSL (born 19 October 1946) is an English novelist. He is the author of several best-selling books, most notably the fantasy trilogy "His Dark Materials" and the fictionalised biography of Jesus, "The Good Man Jesus and the Scoundrel Christ". In 2008, "The Times" named Pullman one of the "50 greatest British writers since 1945". In a 2004 poll for the BBC, Pullman was named the eleventh most influential person in British culture.

neg: List of songs written by Bob Dylan This list contains songs written by American singer-songwriter Bob Dylan, including those where he is credited as co-author. The list omits traditional songs where Dylan has claimed arranger's copyright.

neg: Phil Phillips Phil Phillips (born Philip Baptiste, March 14, 1926) is an American singer and songwriter, best known for his 1959 song, "Sea of Love".

neg: Song for Bob Dylan "Song for Bob Dylan" is a song written by David Bowie for his 1971 album "Hunky Dory". The song parodies Bob Dylan's 1962 homage to Woody Guthrie, "Song to Woody". Yet while Dylan opens with "Hey, hey, Woody Guthrie, I wrote you a song," Bowie addresses Dylan by his birth name saying, "Now, hear this, Robert Zimmerman, I wrote a song for you."

neg: Jim Steinman James Richard Steinman (born November 1, 1947) is an American composer, lyricist, and Grammy Award-winning record producer responsible for many hit songs. He has also worked as an arranger, pianist and singer. His work has included songs in the adult contemporary, rock and roll, dance, pop, musical theater and film score genres. Beginning his career in musical theater, Steinman's most notable work in the area includes lyrics for "Whistle Down the Wind" and music for "Tanz der Vampire".

neg: Tom Glazer Thomas Zachariah Glazer (September 2, 1914 – February 21, 2003) was an American folk singer and songwriter known primarily as a composer of ballads, including: "Because All Men Are Brothers", recorded by The Weavers and Peter, Paul and Mary, "Talking Inflation Blues", recorded by Bob Dylan, and "A Dollar Ain't A Dollar Anymore". He wrote the lyrics to the songs "Melody of Love" (1954), and "Skokian" (1954).

neg: John Cohen (musician) John Cohen (born August 2, 1932, in Queens, New York) is a founding member of the New Lost City Ramblers as well as a musicologist, photographer and filmmaker. Some of his best known images document the Abstract Expressionist scene centered on New York's Cedar Bar; gallery happenings by early performance artists; young Bob Dylan's arrival in New York; Beat Generation writers during the filming of Robert Frank and Alfred Leslie's film "Pull My Daisy"; and the "old time" musicians of Appalachia. (The title of Cohen's 1962 film, "High Lonesome Sound", has become synonymous with that music.) He has been one of the most important "discoverers" of traditional musicians and singers, finding and recording Dillard Chandler, Roscoe Holcomb, and many banjo players, most notably on the album "High Atmosphere".

neg: Albert Grossman Albert Bernard Grossman (May 21, 1926 – January 25, 1986) was an American entrepreneur and manager in the American folk music scene and rock and roll. He was famous as the manager of many of the most popular and successful performers of folk and folk-rock music, including Bob Dylan, Janis Joplin, Peter, Paul and Mary, the Band, Odetta, Gordon Lightfoot and Ian & Sylvia.

neg: Bob Roberts (folksinger) Alfred William "Bob" Roberts (1907–1982) was a British folk singer, songwriter, storyteller, bargeman, author, and journalist. He was the last captain of a British commercial vessel operating under sail, and brought to an end a centuries-old tradition.

neg: Philip Grausman Philip Grausman (born July 16, 1935) is an American sculptor who continues to push the limits of the time-honored portrait in art. His early work focused on natural forms representing buds and seeds, and this exploration led him to the underlying structure and form of the human head. His monumental heads of fiberglass display a subtle hand, and the lack of detail makes a stunning presentation. He also continues to create reductivist portraits at normal scale, experimenting with various metals with matte finishes to accomplish his vision.

neg: Philip Powers Philip Powers (born 1963) is a record producer. His recordings have been nominated for four ARIA Awards. He has produced 34 CDs for the 1M1 Records label including "The Lighthorsemen" and and he has also produced or been executive producer of more than fifty CDs for the Sydney Symphony Orchestra on the Sydney Symphony Live label. A number of these have been with conductor, Vladimir Ashkenazy as well as two CDs with conductor Gianluigi Gelmetti. Another CD featured Vladimir Ashkenazy as pianist playing rare Rachmaninov works. He was also Supervising Producer of Sir Charles Mackerras, a double CD featuring famous Czech repertoire and Richard Strauss's "Also sprach Zarathustra" conducted by Sir Charles Mackerras.

neg: To Be Alone with You "To Be Alone with You" is a song by Bob Dylan from his 1969 album "Nashville Skyline".

neg: Bill Rice Wilbur Steven "Bill" Rice (born April 19, 1939 in Datto, Arkansas) is an American country music singer and songwriter. Rice charted six singles between 1971 and 1978, including the Top 40 hit "Travelin' Minstrel Man", but is better known for his songwriting. Rice has written songs for artists such as Johnny Paycheck, Reba McEntire, Charley Pride and Jerry Lee Lewis, and he has more awards from the American Society of Composers, Authors and Publishers than any other songwriter. Rice has also been nominated for two Grammy Awards.

neg: Bob Roberts (singer) Robert A. "Bob" Roberts (April 27, 1879 – January 21, 1930), sometimes referred to as "Ragtime" Bob Roberts, was an American novelty singer in the early years of the 20th century.

neg: Bob Russell (songwriter) Sidney Keith "Bob" Russell (April 25, 1914 – February 1970) was an American songwriter (mainly lyricist) born in Passaic, New Jersey.

neg: Autry Inman Robert Autry Inman (January 6, 1929 – September 6, 1988), was an American country and rockabilly musician.

neg: Victor Maymudes Victor Maymudes (1935 – 2001) was Bob Dylan's tour manager at the beginning of his musical success in the early 1960s. After a hiatus in New Mexico, Maymudes rejoined Dylan as his tour manager from 1986 to 1996.

neg: Jonathan Richman Jonathan Michael Richman (born May 16, 1951) is an American singer, songwriter and guitarist. In 1970 he founded the Modern Lovers, an influential proto-punk band. Since the mid-1970s, Richman has worked either solo or with low-key, acoustic and electric, backing. Currently, he plays only acoustic to protect his hearing. He is known for his wide-eyed, unaffected and childlike outlook, and music that, while rooted in rock and roll, is influenced by music from around the world.

neg: Bob Dylan, Performing Artist Bob Dylan, Performing Artist is a series of three books written by music critic Paul Williams concerning the music of American singer-songwriter Bob Dylan. Unlike many other books about Dylan, these are not biographical but focus primarily on the performances delivered at various concerts over a period of almost forty years. The performances Williams analyzes were either personally attended or reviewed from audio-tapes (and sometimes from videotapes). In an interview published in "Isis" magazine's August 1990 issue, Williams told interviewer Derek Barker, "I didn't want to write about the person, I wanted to write about what this person has created, his art, his music." "Bob Dylan, Performing Artist" is considered one of the leading critical analyses of Dylan's songs and performances.

neg: Richie Havens Richard Pierce "Richie" Havens (January 21, 1941 – April 22, 2013) was an American singer-songwriter and guitarist. His music encompassed elements of folk, soul, and rhythm and blues. He is best known for his intense and rhythmic guitar style (often in open tunings), soulful covers of pop and folk songs, and his opening performance at the 1969 Woodstock Festival.

neg: Olof Björner Olof Björner (born November 26, 1942 in Stockholm, Sweden) is a Swedish researcher who has specialized in documenting the live performances and recording sessions of American singer-songwriter Bob Dylan. In addition to operating bjorner.com, a website featuring detailed listings of Dylan's live concerts and studio recordings from 1956 to 2016, Björner has authored a 13-volume set on these subjects, "Olof's Files: A Bob Dylan Performance Guide", which was issued by UK publisher Hardinge Simpole.


query: The Orthodox stance was used by the last boxer in what weight class to hold the undisputed champion title?

pos: Orthodox stance In combat sports such as boxing, an orthodox stance is one in which the boxer places his left foot farther in front of the right foot, thus having his weaker side closer to the opponent. As it favors the stronger, dominant side—often the right side, see laterality—the orthodox stance is the most common stance in boxing. It is mostly used by right-handed boxers. Many boxing champions—such as Jack Johnson, Anthony Joshua, Marco Antonio Barrera, Rocky Marciano, Ingmar Johansson, Roberto Durán, Floyd Mayweather Jr., Muhammad Ali, Amir Khan, Peter Buckley, Johnny Tapia, Mike Tyson, Larry Holmes, Lennox Lewis, and Wladimir Klitschko —fought in an orthodox stance.

pos: Lennox Lewis Lennox Claudius Lewis, {'1': ", '2': ", '3': ", '4': "} , {'1': ", '2': ", '3': ", '4': "} (born 2 September 1965) is a former professional boxer who competed from 1989 to 2003. He is a three-time world heavyweight champion, a two-time lineal champion, and remains the last heavyweight to hold the undisputed title. Lewis holds dual British and Canadian citizenship; as an amateur he represented Canada at the 1988 Summer Olympics, winning a gold medal in the super-heavyweight division after defeating future world champion Riddick Bowe in the final.

neg: Floyd Mayweather Jr. vs. Ricky Hatton Floyd Mayweather Jr. vs. Ricky Hatton, billed as Undefeated, was a boxing superfight that took place on December 8, 2007, at the MGM Grand Garden Arena in Las Vegas, between reigning WBC & "The Ring" welterweight champion Floyd Mayweather Jr. and reigning "The Ring" light welterweight champion Ricky Hatton.

neg: Evander Holyfield vs. Lennox Lewis Evander Holyfield vs. Lennox Lewis, billed as "Undisputed", was a professional boxing match contested on March 13, 1999 for the WBA, WBC, IBF and "Lineal" Heavyweight Championships.

neg: Mike Tyson vs. Michael Spinks Mike Tyson vs. Michael Spinks was a boxing match which took place on Monday June 27, 1988. Both men were undefeated and each had a claim to being the legitimate heavyweight champion. At the time, Tyson held the belts of all three of the major sanctioning organizations (World Boxing Council, World Boxing Association, and International Boxing Federation) while Spinks was the "Ring" champion and was considered the lineal champion.

neg: Buster Douglas James "Buster" Douglas (born April 7, 1960) is an American former professional boxer who competed from 1981 to 1990, and 1996 to 1999. He is best known for his stunning upset of Mike Tyson on February 11, 1990 in Tokyo to win the undisputed heavyweight title. At the time Tyson was undefeated and considered to be the best boxer in the world, as well as one of the most feared heavyweight champions in history due to his domination of the division over the previous three years. The only casino to make odds for the fight (all others declining to do so as they considered the fight such a foregone conclusion) had Douglas as a 42-to-1 underdog for the fight, making his victory, in commentator Jim Lampley's words, "The biggest upset in the history of heavyweight championship fights." Douglas held the title for eight months and two weeks, losing on October 25, 1990 to Evander Holyfield via third-round knockout, in his only title defense.

neg: Pat O'Keefe Pat O'Keefe (17 March 18831960) was an English boxer who became British champion at both welter and middleweight. His professional career spanned between 1903 and 1915, and in 1914 he made an unsuccessful bid at the European Heavyweight belt, losing to Georges Carpentier. Between 1907 and 1910 he left Britain and continued his boxing career firstly in the United States and then Australia.

neg: Billy Hardy Billy Hardy (born 5 September 1964 in Sunderland) is a former bantamweight and featherweight boxer champion. He held the British championship at bantamweight and featherweight, as well as the European and Commonwealth featherweight titles.

neg: Apollo Creed Apollo Creed is a fictional character from the "Rocky" films, initially portrayed as the undisputed heavyweight champion of the world. He was played by Carl Weathers. He is a tough but agile African-American boxer. The character was inspired by the real-life champion Muhammad Ali, having what one author remarked as the same "brash, vocal, [and] theatrical" personality. Protagonist Rocky Balboa, Creed's rival in "Rocky" and "Rocky II", faces underdog odds (five-to-one in "Rocky II") and views Creed with respect, pointedly refusing the prodding of a reporter to "trash talk" against Creed by laconically remarking, "He's great."

neg: Oscar Albarado Oscar Albarado (born September 15, 1948 in Pecos, Texas) is a former American professional boxer who competed in the light middleweight (154 lb) division and held the world light middleweight championship.

neg: Undisputed II: Last Man Standing Undisputed II: Last Man Standing is a 2006 American direct-to-video martial arts film directed by Isaac Florentine and starring Michael Jai White, Scott Adkins, Eli Danker and Ben Cross. It is the sequel to the 2002 boxing film "Undisputed". White portrays ex-boxer George "Iceman" Chambers, a role originally played by Ving Rhames in the first film. It was followed by two sequels: "" (2010) and "" (2017), which continue the story of Russian prison fighter Yuri Boyka, played by Adkins.

neg: Joe Calzaghe Joseph William Calzaghe, {'1': ", '2': ", '3': ", '4': "} ( ; born 23 March 1972) is a Welsh former professional boxer who competed from 1993 to 2008. He is a two-weight world champion, having held the unified WBA (Super), WBC, IBF, WBO, "Ring" magazine, and lineal super-middleweight titles, as well as the "Ring" light-heavyweight title. Calzaghe is the longest-reigning super-middleweight world champion in boxing history, having held the WBO title for over 10 years and making 21 successful defences before moving up to light-heavyweight. As his super-middleweight and light-heavyweight reigns overlapped, he retired with the longest continual time as world champion of any active fighter.

neg: Miguel Cotto Miguel Ángel Cotto Vázquez (born October 29, 1980) is a Puerto Rican professional boxer. He has held the WBO light middleweight title since August 2017, and has held six world championships, being the first boxer from Puerto Rico to win world titles in four weight classes. As of September 2017, Cotto is ranked as the world's second best best active light middleweight by BoxRec, third by "The Ring" magazine, and seventh by the Transnational Boxing Rankings Board. In 2007 and 2009 he reached a peak pound for pound ranking of seventh by "The Ring".

neg: Isaac Chilemba Miguel Isaac Chilemba Zuze (born 17 May 1987) is a Malawian professional boxer who held the IBO super-middleweight title from 2010 to 2011, and challenged for the WBA (Undisputed), IBF, and WBO light-heavyweight titles in 2016.

neg: Alex Sánchez (boxer) Alex Sánchez Sepúlveda (born June 5, 1975) is a former Puerto Rican professional boxer. He held the WBO minimumweight title from 1993 to 1997.

neg: Conor McGregor Conor Anthony McGregor (Irish: "Conchúr Antóin Mac Gréagóir" ; born 14 July 1988) is an Irish professional mixed martial artist and professional boxer who is currently signed to the Ultimate Fighting Championship (UFC). He is the reigning UFC Lightweight Champion, and former UFC Featherweight Champion. During his mixed martial arts (MMA) career, McGregor has competed as a featherweight, lightweight, and welterweight. As of 2017, McGregor is ranked 2nd on UFC's pound for pound rankings.

neg: Errol Spence Errol Spence Jr. (born March 3, 1990) is an American professional boxer who has held the IBF welterweight title since May 2017. As an amateur he won three consecutive United States national championships in the welterweight division and represented the U.S. at the 2012 Olympics, where he reached the welterweight quarter-finals. As of June 2017, Spence is ranked as the world's second best welterweight by "The Ring" magazine, third by the Transnational Boxing Rankings Board, and fourth by BoxRec.

neg: Mike Tyson vs. Buster Douglas Mike Tyson vs. Buster Douglas, billed as "Tyson Is Back!", was a historic boxing match that occurred at the Tokyo Dome in Tokyo, Japan on February 11, 1990, in which then undefeated, undisputed heavyweight champion Mike Tyson lost via knockout to the 42–1 underdog Buster Douglas. The fight is widely considered one of the biggest upsets in sports history.

neg: List of ABA light-middleweight champions ABA (Amateur Boxing Association of England) light-middleweight champions. The Light middleweight class was first contested in 1951, it was discontinued after the 2002 championships, then returned in 2010, yet in 2014 under the new AIBA rules which have now been adopted by the ABA (now known as England Boxing) the light- middleweight category has been discontinued once again. The weight limit has been set at 71 kg throughout its history. Amateur Boxing Association of England Light-middleweight champions.

neg: List of WBO world champions This is a list of WBO world champions, showing every world champion certified by the World Boxing Organization (WBO). The WBO is one of the four major governing bodies in professional boxing, and has awarded world championships in 17 different weight classes since 1989.

neg: Mike Tyson vs. Kevin McBride Mike Tyson vs. Kevin McBride was a professional boxing match contested on June 11, 2005. Although the former heavyweight champion appeared to be ahead on points on the judges' scorecards through six rounds, he failed to answer the bell for the 7th round and was ruled defeated by technical knockout.

neg: James Tillis James Tillis (born July 5, 1957) is a former professional boxer. Known as "Quick", he was known for his fast hand speed. Tillis challenged for the WBA world heavyweight title in 1981, but was defeated by fifteen round unanimous decision to Mike Weaver. Tillis was the first man to go the distance with a prime Mike Tyson in 1986. He holds notable wins over Ron Stander by TKO 7 in 1980, and the hard punching Earnie Shavers by ten-round decision in 1982. Tillis fought for the last time in 2001 at the age of 44.


query: Who has been in more bands, Eddi Reader or Al Barr?

pos: Eddi Reader Sadenia "Eddi" Reader MBE (born 29 August 1959) is a Scottish singer-songwriter, known both for her work with Fairground Attraction and for an enduring solo career. She is the recipient of three BRIT Awards and has topped both the album and singles charts. In 2003 she showcased the works of Scotland's national poet, Robert Burns.

pos: Al Barr Alexander Martin Barr (born January 21, 1968) has been the lead singer of the Dropkick Murphys since 1998. He was also a founder and lead singer for The Bruisers, which he helped form in 1988 in Portsmouth, New Hampshire. His first band circa 1984, was called D.V.A. (Direct Vole Assault). He also went on to front 5 Balls of Power, with future members of Scissorfight, The Radicts, L.E.S. Stitches, and US Bombs, before he formed The Bruisers. His band the Bruisers had played many shows with Boston's Dropkick Murphys, and when Dropkick lead singer Mike McColgan quit the band in 1998 the Murphys asked Barr to be the new lead singer. The first album the Dropkick Murphys released with Barr as singer was 1999's "The Gang's All Here".

neg: Sheila E. Sheila Cecelia Escovedo (born December 12, 1957) better known under the stage name Sheila E., is an American percussionist, singer, author, and actress. She began her career in the mid 1970s as a percussionist and singer for The George Duke Band. After leaving the group in 1983, Sheila began a successful solo career, starting with her critically acclaimed debut album, which included the career-defining song, "The Glamorous Life". She became a mainstream solo star in 1985 following the success of the singles, "The Belle of St. Mark", "Sister Fate", and "A Love Bizarre" with the latter becoming one of her signature songs. She is commonly referred to as The Queen of Percussion.

neg: Al Burt Al Burt or, more fully, Alvin Victor Burt (September 11, 1927 – November 29, 2008) was a Florida author and longtime journalist with "The Miami Herald". He served as a sports writer, news reporter, editor, editorial writer and columnist.

neg: Ronnie Gilbert Ruth Alice "Ronnie" Gilbert (September 7, 1926 – June 6, 2015) was an American folk singer, songwriter, actress and political activist. She was one of the original members of the music quartet the Weavers, as a contralto with Pete Seeger, Lee Hays, and Fred Hellerman.

neg: Bill Davis (musician) William "Bill" Davis (born New Orleans, Louisiana) is an American guitarist, vocalist, and songwriter. He is the founder, lead guitarist, and lead vocalist of the rock band Dash Rip Rock, and a member of the Louisiana Music Hall of Fame. Davis founded Dash Rip Rock in 1984 and is often credited as a pioneer in "country punk," "cowpunk," and alt-country music that combines elements of rock with country and outlaw country with punk rock, but Davis has said in interviews that he considers his music to be widely roots-based. His work has been inspired by a variety of styles, including rock, country, punk, power pop, punk, soul and, at times, Cajun.

neg: Ronnie Dawson (musician) Ronald Monroe "Ronnie" Dawson (11 August 1939 – 30 September 2003) was an American rockabilly singer, guitarist and drummer, nicknamed The Blond Bomber. Although he achieved regional success in the 1950s, his popularity peaked internationally with tours in the 1980s and 1990s.

neg: Ed Sanders Edward "Ed" Sanders (born August 17, 1939) is an American poet, singer, social activist, environmentalist, author, publisher and longtime member of the band The Fugs. He has been called a bridge between the Beat and Hippie generations. Sanders is considered to have been active and "present at the counterculture's creation."

neg: Ed Draper Ed Draper (born June 1981 in Hackney, London) is a journalist, television presenter and radio broadcaster. He is best known for presenting the sports bulletins on the Absolute Radio (formerly Virgin Radio) Breakfast Show, as well as the station's Rock 'N' Roll Sport Podcast, on which he works with Russ Williams. He is also one of the main faces of Sky Sports News fronting their online bulletins, and has appeared as a sports presenter for Sky News.

neg: Peter Magadini "Peter Charles 'Pete' Magadini"' (January 25, 1942) is an American drummer,|Jazz drummer]], percussionist, educator and author of books on drumming and drum technique. He is known for his body of work (instructional books and videos) concerning the comprehension and execution of musical polyrhythms, especially the book "The Musicians Guide to Polyrhythms". Magadini has recorded and performed with Diana Ross, Bobbie Gentry, George Duke, Al Jarreau, Don Menza, John Handy and Mose Allison.

neg: Almost Big Band The Almost Big Band was a 13 piece jazz band formed by Ernie Wilkins in 1980 after his permanent move to Copenhagen, Denmark. Members included expatriate American such as Kenny Drew and Ed Thigpen as well as prominent Danish jazz musicians such as Jesper Thilo and Bent Jaedig.

neg: Big Black Big Black was an American punk rock band from Evanston, Illinois, active from 1981 to 1987. Founded by singer and guitarist Steve Albini, the band's initial lineup also included guitarist Santiago Durango and bassist Jeff Pezzati, both of Naked Raygun. In 1985 Pezzati was replaced by Dave Riley, who played on Big Black's two full-length studio albums, "Atomizer" (1986) and "Songs About Fucking" (1987).

neg: Lonnie Brooks Lonnie Brooks (born Lee Baker Jr., December 18, 1933 – April 1, 2017) was an American blues singer and guitarist. The musicologist Robert Palmer, writing in "Rolling Stone", stated, "His music is witty, soulful and ferociously energetic, brimming with novel harmonic turnarounds, committed vocals and simply astonishing guitar work." Jon Pareles, a music critic for the "New York Times", wrote, "He sings in a rowdy baritone, sliding and rasping in songs that celebrate lust, fulfilled and unfulfilled; his guitar solos are pointed and unhurried, with a tone that slices cleanly across the beat. Wearing a cowboy hat, he looks like the embodiment of a good-time bluesman." Howard Reich, a music critic for the "Chicago Tribune", wrote, "...the music that thundered from Brooks' instrument and voice...shook the room. His sound was so huge and delivery so ferocious as to make everything alongside him seem a little smaller."

neg: Pancho Barraza Jose Arriaga Barraza Rodríguez is a Mexican singer/songwriter. Known as Pancho Barraza, he became involved in Mexican traditional music after moving to Mazatlán and becoming involved with the bands Banda San Sebastian and Banda Camino. In 1991 he joined Cruz Lizarraga Jr., Enrique Valdez and brothers Miguel, Víctor, and Silvano Montalva to form Banda Los Recoditos. He released his solo debut in 1995 with "Mis Canciones De Amor".

neg: Association of Late-Deafened Adults Association of Late-Deafened Adults (ALDA) is an organization for people who become deaf after childhood. ALDA was founded in 1987 by Bill Graham and Kathie Hering of Chicago, Illinois. Within a few years, the organization had chapters in over 15 regions across the United States. The primary growth vehicle was ALDA News, a monthly newsletter.

neg: Al Perkins (children's author) Al Perkins (1904–1975) was the author of several children's books, including "Hand, Hand, Fingers, Thumb", "The Digging-est Dog", and "The Ear Book". He also wrote early titles in the Beginner Books and Bright and Early series.

neg: Michael Owen Bruce Michael Owen Bruce (born March 16, 1948) is an American rock musician, best known as a member of Alice Cooper.

neg: Angels & Electricity Angels & Electricity is the fourth studio album by Eddi Reader released in the UK on 11 May 1998.

neg: Mary Ann McCall Mary Ann McCall (May 4, 1919 in Philadelphia – December 14, 1994 in Los Angeles, California) was a pop and jazz singer. Aside from solo work, she sang for Charlie Barnet, Tommy Dorsey, and Woody Herman. She was briefly married to Al Cohn. In 1949 she won the "Down Beat" Readers' Poll for "Girl Singer (With Band)".

neg: Baja Marimba Band The Baja Marimba Band was a musical group led by marimba player Julius Wechter. Formed by producer Herb Alpert after his own Tijuana Brass, the Baja Marimba Band outlasted the Tijuana Brass by several years thanks largely in part to TV producer Chuck Barris, who featured the group's music on his game shows in the 1970s.

neg: Alan Bishop Alan Bishop is an American musician, most famous for being the bassist and vocalist of experimental rock band Sun City Girls. He has also released solo material under the aliases Alvarius B. and Uncle Jim. In the early 1980s Bishop played in the short-lived band Paris 1942 with Maureen Tucker of the Velvet Underground, and was briefly a member of skate punk group JFA. Bishop is now a member of the Cairo-based band,The Invisible Hands. He is the co-founder, along with Hisham Mayet, of Sublime Frequencies, a Seattle-based record label focused on collating esoteric music and imagery from all over the world, most notably Southeast Asia, North Africa, and the Middle East.

neg: The Blasters The Blasters are a rock and roll band formed in 1978 in Downey, California, by brothers Phil Alvin (vocals and guitar) and Dave Alvin (guitar), with bass guitarist John Bazz and drummer Bill Bateman. Phil Alvin explained the origin of the band's name: " I thought Joe Turner’s backup band on his Atlantic records–I had these 78s–I thought they were the Blues Blasters. That ends up it was Jimmy McCracklin. I just took the 'Blues' off and Joe finally told me, that’s Jimmy McCracklin’s name, but you tell ‘im I gave you permission to steal it [laughs]"


query: What American author was the writer of "the Gate Thief"?

pos: The Gate Thief The Gate Thief is a fantasy novel by Orson Scott Card. It is the second novel in the Mither Mages trilogy.

pos: Orson Scott Card Orson Scott Card (born August 24, 1951) is an American novelist, critic, public speaker, essayist, and columnist. He writes in several genres but is known best for science fiction. His novel "Ender's Game" (1985) and its sequel "Speaker for the Dead" (1986) both won Hugo and Nebula Awards, making Card the only author to win both science fiction's top U.S. prizes in consecutive years. A feature film adaptation of "Ender's Game", which Card co-produced, was released in late October 2013 in Europe and on November 1, 2013, in North America.

neg: The Gatekeeper (novel series) The Gatekeeper is a trilogy of books written by Christopher Golden and Nancy Holder based on the TV series "Buffy the Vampire Slayer".

neg: Tim Powers Timothy Thomas "Tim" Powers (born February 29, 1952) is an American science fiction and fantasy author. Powers has won the World Fantasy Award twice for his critically acclaimed novels "Last Call" and "Declare". His 1987 novel "On Stranger Tides" served as inspiration for the "Monkey Island" franchise of video games and was optioned for adaptation into the .

neg: Sam Merwin Jr. Samuel Kimball Merwin Jr. (April 28, 1910 - January 13, 1996) was an American mystery fiction writer, editor and science fiction author, who published fiction mostly as Sam Merwin Jr. His pseudonyms included Elizabeth Deare Bennett, Matt Lee, Jacques Jean Ferrat and Carter Sprague.

neg: Greer Gilman Greer Ilene Gilman is an American author of fantasy stories.

neg: Philip Roth Philip Milton Roth (born March 19, 1933) is an American novelist.

neg: James Preller James Preller (born February 1, 1961) is an American writer of children's books including "Bystander", "Six Innings", and the Jigsaw Jones Mysteries.

neg: The Good Thief (novel) The Good Thief, by Hannah Tinti, is a debut novel published in 2008 by Dial Press. It is the story of Ren, an orphan adopted by a pair of gentleman rogues in early American New England and led willingly into a life of crime. Ren, who is missing his left hand, is taught to lie, steal and run confidence games by his new mentor, Benjamin Nab, and they travel to the city of North Umbridge, where a mousetrap factory owner reigns supreme using his army of hired thugs ("hat boys") and the unmarried, dowdy girls who work in the factory ("mousetrap girls").

neg: Timothy Hallinan Timothy Hallinan (born 1949) is an American thriller writer, based in Southern California and Southeast Asia. In the 1990s, Hallinan created the erudite private eye Simeon Grist, who appeared in a total of six novels, all set in Los Angeles. The series was widely and well reviewed, with some titles appearing on critics "Ten Best" lists for the year in which they appeared, such as that of the Drood Review of Mystery, but did not achieve widespread popularity. Hallinan returned to publication in 2007 with a second series, set in Bangkok, where he has lived off and on since the early 1980s. The new series features a rough-travel writer named Philip ("Poke") Rafferty, who has settled in the Thai capital and is in the process of trying to cobble together a family comprising Rose, the former go-go dancer he loves, and a precocious street urchin named Miaow. The first book in the series is "A Nail Through the Heart" (William Morrow). In 2011 he launched a third series starring Junior Bender, private detective to Los Angeles' underworld elite.

neg: Jack Vance John Holbrook "Jack" Vance (August 28, 1916 – May 26, 2013) was an American mystery, fantasy, and science fiction writer. Though most of his work has been published under the name Jack Vance, he also wrote 9 mystery novels using his full name John Holbrook Vance, three under the pseudonym Ellery Queen, and one each using the pseudonyms Alan Wade, Peter Held, John van See, and Jay Kavanse. Some editions of his published works give his year of birth as 1920.

neg: Ursula K. Le Guin Ursula Kroeber Le Guin ( ; born October 21, 1929) is an American author of novels, children's books, and short stories, mainly in the genres of fantasy and science fiction. She has also written poetry and essays. First published in the 1960s, her work has often depicted futuristic or imaginary alternative worlds in politics, the natural environment, gender, religion, sexuality and ethnography. In 2016, "The New York Times" described her as "America's greatest living science fiction writer", although she has said she would prefer to be known as an "American novelist".

neg: Susan Marie Swanson Susan Marie Swanson (born May 19, 1955) is an American author of children's literature, poet, and educator. Swanson is best known for her children's book "The House in the Night", which won a Minnesota Book Award.

neg: Alicia Nitecki Alicia Nitecki /ni'tetski/, (born January 2, 1942) is an American author and professor of English Literature at Bentley University, Waltham, Massachusetts

neg: Christopher Coake Christopher Coake (born November 28, 1971) is an American fiction writer.

neg: Kristine Kathryn Rusch Kristine Kathryn Rusch (born June 4, 1960) is an American writer and editor. She writes under various pseudonyms in multiple genres, including science fiction, fantasy, mystery, romance, and mainstream.

neg: Jennifer Roberson Jennifer Mitchell Roberson (born October 26, 1953) is an American author of fantasy and historical literature.

neg: Lloyd Alexander Lloyd Chudley Alexander (January 30, 1924 – May 17, 2007) was an American author of more than forty books, primarily fantasy novels for children and young adults. His most famous work is "The Chronicles of Prydain", a series of five high fantasy novels whose conclusion, "The High King", was awarded the 1969 Newbery Medal for excellence in American children's literature. He won U.S. National Book Awards in 1971 and 1982.

neg: The Seventh Gate The Seventh Gate (1994) is the final novel by Margaret Weis and Tracy Hickman in their seven-book Death Gate Cycle series.

neg: Serpent Mage Serpent Mage is the fourth book in The Death Gate Cycle series written by Margaret Weis and Tracy Hickman. It was released in 1992.

neg: Tobias Wolff Tobias Jonathan Ansell Wolff (born June 19, 1945) is an American short story writer, memoirist, and novelist. He is known for his memoirs, particularly "This Boy's Life" (1989) and "In Pharaoh's Army" (1994). He has written two novels, including "The Barracks Thief" (1984), which won the PEN/Faulkner Award for Fiction, and an array of short stories. Wolff received a National Medal of Arts from President Barack Obama in September 2015.

neg: Ross Lockridge Jr. Ross Franklin Lockridge Jr., (April 25, 1914 – March 6, 1948) was an American novelist of the mid-20th century. He is noted for "Raintree County" (1948), a widely praised novel which many readers and critics considered a contender for the "Great American Novel," and for his death by suicide just as it was reaching the top of the best-seller lists.


query: R U Professional was a satirical song that partly referenced the 2008 superhero film directed by whom?

pos: R U Professional "R U Professional" is a 2009 satirical song by the American indie rock band The Mae Shi, inspired by a July 2008 outburst by actor Christian Bale on the set of "Terminator Salvation". Bale was filming with actress Bryce Dallas Howard when he berated director of photography, Shane Hurlbut, for walking into his line of sight. An audio recording of the incident appeared on website TMZ on February 2, 2009. The Mae Shi composed and recorded the song later in the same day, and released it the next day. The group stated that the piece was created to honor Bale. The song parodies Bale by sampling his voice from the 2008 diatribe. The chorus incorporates Bale's use of the word "professional" from his flare-up. The lyrics reference several films the actor starred in, including "Newsies", "Swing Kids", "American Psycho", and "The Dark Knight".

pos: The Dark Knight (film) The Dark Knight is a 2008 superhero film directed, co-produced, and co-written by Christopher Nolan. Featuring the DC Comics character Batman, the film is the second part of Nolan's "The Dark Knight Trilogy" and a sequel to 2005's "Batman Begins", starring an ensemble cast including Christian Bale, Michael Caine, Heath Ledger, Gary Oldman, Aaron Eckhart, Maggie Gyllenhaal and Morgan Freeman. In the film, Bruce Wayne/Batman (Bale), Police Lieutenant James Gordon (Oldman) and District Attorney Harvey Dent (Eckhart) form an alliance to dismantle organized crime in Gotham City, but are menaced by a criminal mastermind known as the Joker (Ledger) who seeks to undermine Batman's influence and create chaos.

neg: Presto (film) Presto is a 2008 American Pixar computer animated short film shown in theaters before their feature length film "WALL-E". The short is about a magician trying to perform a show with his uncooperative rabbit and is a gag-filled homage to classic cartoons such as "Tom and Jerry" and "Looney Tunes". "Presto" was directed by veteran Pixar animator Doug Sweetland, in his directorial debut.

neg: The Wrestler (2008 film) The Wrestler is a 2008 American sports drama film co-produced and directed by Darren Aronofsky, written by Robert D. Siegel, and starring Mickey Rourke, Marisa Tomei, and Evan Rachel Wood. Production began in January 2008 and Fox Searchlight Pictures acquired rights to distribute the film in the U.S.; it was released in a limited capacity on December 17, 2008, and was released nationwide on January 23, 2009. It was released on DVD and Blu-ray Disc on April 21, 2009, in the United States. It was released in the United Kingdom on June 1, 2009.

neg: Tru Loved Tru Loved is a 2008 independent film written and directed by Stewart Wade.

neg: Gigantic (2008 film) Gigantic is a 2008 independent comedy film directed by Matt Aselton and starring Paul Dano, Zooey Deschanel, John Goodman, Edward Asner and Jane Alexander. The script, written by Aselton and his college friend Adam Nagata, tells of Brian (Dano), a mattress salesman who wishes to adopt a baby from China, but finds himself sharing his passion, with the quirky, wealthy Harriet (Deschanel) when they meet in his store. The story was based on Aselton's childhood wish for his parents to adopt a Chinese baby. The film was shot in New York and Connecticut. It had its world premiere at 2008's Toronto International Film Festival and was released in the United States on April 3, 2009.

neg: Singh Is Kinng Singh is Kinng is a 2008 Indian action comedy film, directed by Anees Bazmee, which stars Akshay Kumar and Katrina Kaif in lead roles. The film also featured a music video with Snoop Dogg. The film was released on 8 August 2008, and a major part of the production was shot in Australia. Akshay Kumar was also nominated for the Asian Film Awards in the "Best Actor" category for his performance in the film. "Singh is Kinng" was declared a Superhit by Box Office India. The spelling of the word "king" in the film's title with an additional letter "n" was based on advice provided by a numerologist.

neg: Role Models Role Models is a 2008 American comedy film directed by David Wain and written by David Wain, Timothy Dowling, Paul Rudd and Ken Marino. It is about two energy drink salesmen who are ordered to perform 150 hours of community service as punishment for various offenses. For their service, the two men work at a program designed to pair kids with adult role models. The film stars Seann William Scott, Paul Rudd, Christopher Mintz-Plasse, Bobb'e J. Thompson, Jane Lynch and Elizabeth Banks.

neg: Sucker Punch (2008 film) Sucker Punch is a 2008 action film starring Danny John-Jules, Gordon Alexander, Tom Hardy, Antonio Fargas and Ian Freeman and written and directed by Malcolm Martin.

neg: RoboDoc RoboDoc is a 2008 film that is distributed by National Lampoon. The comedy was written by two medical doctors, brothers Doug and Scott Gordon M.D., and directed by Stephen Maddocks and co-produced by Donald Tynes. Sleazy lawyers and heartless insurance companies are spoofed in this medical comedy. The world premiere took place on Saturday May 10, 2008 at Hard Rock Live on the Universal City Walk. The film was released in the Orlando Market on Friday September 26, 2008.

neg: The Amazing Bulk The Amazing Bulk is a 2012 American direct-to-video superhero film directed by Lewis Schoenbrun. Considered to be a mockbuster of the Marvel Studios film "The Incredible Hulk", the film's settings and visuals are almost entirely all reused stock imagery, graphics, and video purchased from various websites.

neg: The Rocker (film) The Rocker is a 2008 American comedy film directed by Peter Cattaneo and written by Maya Forbes and Wallace Wolodarsky, from a story by Ryan Jaffe. The film stars Rainn Wilson as a failed musician who goes on tour with his nephew's band after one of their songs goes viral. Christina Applegate, Jeff Garlin, Josh Gad, Teddy Geiger and Emma Stone also star. It was released on August 20, 2008, received mixed reviews and was a box office bomb, grossing just $8 million against its $15 million budget.

neg: Boogie (2008 film) Boogie is a 2008 Romanian film written and directed by Radu Muntean.

neg: Nonsense Revolution Nonsense Revolution is a 2008 Canadian comedy film directed by Ann Verrall and starring Alex House, Anastasia Phillips, Robert Clark and Deborah Allen.

neg: Plastic City (film) Plastic City () is a 2008 Brazilian-Chinese-Japanese-Hong Kong thriller film directed by Yu Lik-wai.

neg: A Wednesday! A Wednesday! is a 2008 Indian thriller film written and directed by Neeraj Pandey. It stars Naseeruddin Shah and Anupam Kher. Set between 2 pm and 6 pm on a Wednesday, the film depicts an about-to-retire police commissioner (Anupam Kher) narrating a sequence of events that unfolded on a particular Wednesday. There does not exist any written record. The awareness of the incident exists only in his mind and in those of several individuals who were involved, willingly and unwillingly, and how those events affected the lives of all the concerned people. It was the inspiration for Tamil movie "Unnaipol Oruvan" , Telugu movie "Eeenadu", with Kamal Hassan in the role played by Naseeruddin Shah in the original and Mohanlal and Daggubati Venkatesh playing the role acted by Anupam Kher in the original in Tamil and Telugu respectively and also Hollywood movie A Common Man (film). Directed by Chandran Rutnam with actor Ben Kingsley portraying the role played by Nasseruddin Shah and Ben Cross portraying the role played by Anupam Kher.

neg: Batman Returns Batman Returns is a 1992 American superhero film directed by Tim Burton, based on the DC Comics character Batman. It is the second installment of Warner Bros.' initial "Batman" film series, with Michael Keaton reprising the role of Bruce Wayne/Batman. The film, produced by Denise Di Novi and Burton, also stars Danny DeVito as the Penguin, Michelle Pfeiffer as Catwoman, and Christopher Walken as corrupt tycoon Max Shreck.

neg: Bram Stoker's Dracula's Guest Bram Stoker's Dracula's Guest (also known as just "Dracula's Guest") is a 2008 film that was written and directed by Michael Feifer. It was released direct to video in August 2008 and is loosely based on Bram Stoker's 1914 novel "Dracula's Guest and Other Weird Stories".

neg: Can't Go Back (Primal Scream song) "Can't Go Back" is a song by the band Primal Scream. It was released as a single on 14 July 2008, and was the first and only single to be released from the band's ninth album, "Beautiful Future". The song entered the UK Singles Chart at number 48 on 26 July 2008. The song was featured in the video for the 2008 British Grand Prix at the Formula One website. The song is also featured in the 2010 film "Kick-Ass", , and trailers for the 2011 film "Johnny English Reborn".

neg: 2008 in UFC The year 2008 is the 16th year in the history of the Ultimate Fighting Championship (UFC), a mixed martial arts promotion based in the United States. In 2008 the UFC held 20 events beginning with, "UFC 80: Rapid Fire".

neg: Right Place, Wrong Time (film) Right Place, Wrong Time is a 2008 action-comedy film directed by Michael Allen Carter and starring Noah J. Smith.

neg: Street Warrior Street Warrior is a 2008 action film directed by David Jackson.


query: Who did the person believed to be The "infidel mathematician"  succeed as the AStronomer Royal in Britain?

pos: The Analyst The Analyst, subtitled ""A DISCOURSE Addressed to an Infidel MATHEMATICIAN. WHEREIN It is examined whether the Object, Principles, and Inferences of the modern Analysis are more distinctly conceived, or more evidently deduced, than Religious Mysteries and Points of Faith"", is a book published by George Berkeley in 1734. The "infidel mathematician" is believed to have been Edmond Halley, though others have speculated Sir Isaac Newton was intended. See .

pos: Edmond Halley Edmond (or Edmund) Halley, FRS (pronounced ; 8 November [O.S. 29 October] 1656 – 25 January 1742 [O.S. 14 January 1741] ) was an English astronomer, geophysicist, mathematician, meteorologist, and physicist who is best known for computing the orbit of Halley's Comet. He was the second Astronomer Royal in Britain, succeeding John Flamsteed.

neg: Thomas Branker Thomas Branker (Brancker) (1633–1676) was an English mathematician.

neg: Richard Laughton Richard Laughton (1670?–1723) was an English churchman and academic, now known as a natural philosopher and populariser of the ideas of Isaac Newton.

neg: Edward Wright (mathematician) Edward Wright (baptised 8 October 1561; died November 1615) was an English mathematician and cartographer noted for his book "Certaine Errors in Navigation" (1599; 2nd ed., 1610), which for the first time explained the mathematical basis of the Mercator projection, and set out a reference table giving the linear scale multiplication factor as a function of latitude, calculated for each minute of arc up to a latitude of 75°. This was in fact a table of values of the integral of the secant function, and was the essential step needed to make practical both the making and the navigational use of Mercator charts.

neg: Callippus Callippus ( ; Ancient Greek: Κάλλιππος ; c. 370 BC – c. 300 BC) was a Greek astronomer and mathematician.

neg: John Craig (mathematician) John Craig (1663 – 11 October 1731) was a Scottish mathematician and theologian.

neg: William Wales (astronomer) William Wales (1734? – 29 December 1798) was a British mathematician and astronomer.

neg: John Wallis John Wallis ( ; 3 December 1616 – 8 November 1703) was an English mathematician who is given partial credit for the development of infinitesimal calculus. Between 1643 and 1689 he served as chief cryptographer for Parliament and, later, the royal court. He is credited with introducing the symbol ∞ for infinity. He similarly used 1/∞ for an infinitesimal.

neg: Jonathan Cape (mathematician) Jonathan Cape FRS (1793–9 September 1868) was a mathematician and Church of England clergyman.

neg: Francesco Barozzi Francesco Barozzi (in Latin, "Franciscus Barocius") (9 August 1537 – 23 November 1604) was an Italian mathematician, astronomer and humanist.

neg: Ahmad ibn Yusuf Abu Ja'far Ahmad ibn Yusuf ibn Ibrahim ibn Tammam al-Siddiq Al-Baghdadi (835–912), known in the West by his Latinized name Hametus, was an Arab mathematician, like his father Yusuf ibn Ibrahim (Arabic: يوسف بن ابراهيم الصدَيق البغدادي  ).

neg: Ibn Yunus Abu al-Hasan 'Ali ibn 'Abd al-Rahman ibn Ahmad ibn Yunus al-Sadafi al-Misri (Arabic: ابن يونس) (c. 950-1009) was an important Egyptian Muslim astronomer and mathematician, whose works are noted for being ahead of their time, having been based on meticulous calculations and attention to detail.

neg: John Hellins John Hellins FRS ( 1749 – 5 April 1827) was an autodidact, schoolteacher, mathematician, astronomer and country parson.

neg: Nicholas Kratzer Nicholas Kratzer (1487? – 1550) was a German mathematician, astronomer, and horologist. Much of Kratzer's professional life was spent in England, where he was appointed as astronomer to King Henry VIII.

neg: Isaac Newton in popular culture Isaac Newton was an English mathematician, natural philosopher, theologian, alchemist and one of the most influential scientists in human history. His "Philosophiae Naturalis Principia Mathematica" is considered to be one of the most influential book in the history of science, laying the groundwork for most of classical mechanics by describing universal gravitation and the three laws of motion. In mathematics, Newton shares the credit with Gottfried Leibniz for the development of the differential and integral calculus.

neg: Nicholas of Lynn Nicholas of Lynn or Lynne, also known in Latin as Nicolas de Linna, was an English astronomer of the 14th century.

neg: John Finlayson (disciple) John Finlayson or Finleyson (1770–1854) was a disciple of Richard Brothers. Finlayson was born in Scotland in 1770. His descendants make him the second son of Colonel John Hamilton M'Finlay, who married, about 1765, Lady Elizabeth Mary Alexander, eldest sister of the last Earl of Stirling. He was originally a writer at Cupar, Fife, and removed thence to Edinburgh. His relations with Brothers, which began in 1797, are detailed in the article on that enthusiast. He printed at Edinburgh a couple of pamphlets before repairing to London. In London he was 'in considerable practice as a house agent.' Brothers led him to change the spelling of his name, by telling him his ancestors had some 'fine leys' of land granted them for deeds of valour. Brothers, who died (1824) in Finlayson's house at Marylebone, made it his dying charge to his friend that he should write against a rival genius, Bartholomew Prescot of Liverpool. This Finlayson did, describing Prescot's 'System of the Universe,' very correctly, as a 'misapprehended mistaken elaborate performance, or book.'

neg: John Harrison John Harrison (3 April [O.S. 24 March] 1693 – 24 March 1776) was a self-educated English carpenter and clockmaker who invented a marine chronometer, a long-sought-after device for solving the problem of calculating longitude while at sea. His solution revolutionized navigation and greatly increased the safety of long-distance sea travel. The problem he solved was considered so important following the Scilly naval disaster of 1707 that the British Parliament offered financial rewards of up to £20,000 (equivalent to £ today) under the 1714 Longitude Act. Harrison came 39th in the BBC's 2002 public poll of the 100 Greatest Britons.

neg: John Hadley John Hadley (16 April 1682 – 14 February 1744) was an English mathematician, and laid claim to the invention of the octant, two years after Thomas Godfrey claimed the same.

neg: Olinthus Gregory Olinthus Gilbert Gregory (29 January 1774 – 2 February 1841) was an English mathematician, author and editor.

neg: Archytas Archytas ( ; Greek: Ἀρχύτας ; 428–347 BC) was an Ancient Greek philosopher, mathematician, astronomer, statesman, and strategist. He was a scientist of the Pythagorean school and famous for being the reputed founder of mathematical mechanics, as well as a good friend of Plato.


query: What type of media does Sarah Price and Richard Wallace have in common?

pos: Sarah Price (filmmaker) Sarah Price is an American filmmaker, known for the feature documentaries "American Movie" (1999 Winner of the Grand Jury Prize for Documentary at the Sundance Film Festival, released by Sony Pictures Classics), "Caesar's Park" (2001 SXSW Int'l Film Fest, Sundance Channel), "The Yes Men" (2003 Toronto Int'l Film Festival, released by United Artist/MGM), and "Summercamp!" (2006 Toronto Int'l Film Fest, Sundance Channel). Price was also a cinematographer on "The Yes Men Fix the World" (2009 Sundance Film Fest/HBO), and a Co-Producer of "Youssou N’dour: I Bring What I Love" (2008 Toronto Int’l Fest). In 2009, she expanded into commercial directing and is represented by Independent Media Inc. In 2014, she further expanded into episodic television, directing "The Carrie Diaries" for Warner Brothers.

pos: Richard Wallace (director) Richard Wallace (August 26, 1894 – November 3, 1951) was an American film director.

neg: Wallace Park The Wallace Park in Lisburn, Northern Ireland was bequeathed to the people of Lisburn by Sir Richard Wallace. It is a pleasant park with tree-lined walkways. There is a number of football pitches, tennis courts, a duck pond and a children's adventure play area. The grounds of Lisburn Cricket Club are in the centre of the park where Cecil Walker MBE is the groundman.

neg: Simon Wallace Simon Wallace (born 1957) is a British composer and pianist.

neg: Jamie Hyneman James Franklin Hyneman (born September 25, 1956) is an American special effects expert who is best known as the co-host of the television series "MythBusters" alongside Adam Savage. He is also the owner of M5 Industries, the special effects workshop where "MythBusters" was filmed. He is known among "Robot Wars" devotees for his robot entry, Blendo, which, for a time, was deemed too dangerous for entry in the competition. He is one of the designers of the aerial robotic camera system Wavecam, used in sports and entertainment events.

neg: Jane Farrow Jane Farrow is a Canadian author and broadcaster and community organizer. Her written works include "Wanted Words", "Wanted Words 2", and (with Ira Basen, David Wallechinsky and Amy Wallace) the "Canadian Book of Lists". She worked for CBC Radio from 1998 to 2007, producing segments for programs such as "This Morning" and "The Sunday Edition", including the popular word-game segment "Wanted Words" (from which the books of the same name were derived). Farrow hosted and co-created other short series and shows including "Workology" (all about the modern workplace, cube farmers and clockwatchers) ' and the etymological program "And Sometimes Y", "Home" (about our obsession with domesticity) and "The Omnivore" (about our complex relationship to food and eating). She and her producers won a Silver Medal at the New York Radio Awards for “The Brain and Language”, an episode of ‘And Sometimes Y’ on CBC Radio One in 2009.

neg: Daniel Wallace (author) Daniel Wallace (born 1959) is an American author, best known for his 1998 novel "", the basis for the Tim Burton film "Big Fish" and the Broadway musical of the same name. His other books include "Ray in Reverse" and "The Watermelon King". His stories have also been published in a number of anthologies and magazines, including "The Year's Best Fantasy and Horror."

neg: Richard Wolf Richard "Wolfie" Wolf is a multi-platinum-selling music producer, songwriter and remixer, and an Emmy Award winning film and television composer.

neg: Sarah Turner (filmmaker) Sarah Turner is a British artist, filmmaker, writer, curator and academic. Her moving image work is known for its preoccupation with form and its interplay between abstraction and narration.

neg: Richard Price (disambiguation) Richard Price (1723–1791) was a Welsh philosopher and an English Unitarian minister, credited with founding actuarial science and mentoring Mary Wollstonecraft.

neg: Richard L. Wallace Richard Lee Wallace (born February 27, 1936) is an American educator and former chancellor of the University of Missouri in Columbia, Missouri. He is the 20th chief executive officer of the Columbia campus and sixth since the creation of the University of Missouri System. Wallace holds bachelor's and master's degrees from Northwestern University and a doctorate in economics from Vanderbilt University. In addition to holding the position of chancellor Wallace served on the board of directors for both the Big 12 Conference and the NCAA Division-I Committee on Athletic Certification. He was named Chancellor Emeritus of the University of Missouri upon his retirement

neg: Mary-Anne Wallace Mary-Anne Wallace is an Australian Paralympic swimmer with a vision impairment. At the 1984 New York/Stoke Mandeville Games, she won a gold medal in the Women's 400 m Freestyle B3 event, a silver medal in the Women's 100 m Butterfly B3 event, and two bronze medals in the Women's 100 m Freestyle B3 and Women's 200 m Individual Medley B3 events.

neg: Wallace Chapman Wallace Leslie Chapman (born 1969) is a New Zealand radio and television host.

neg: Robert Wallace (Edinburgh MP) Robert Wallace (24 June 1831 – 6 June 1899) was a Scottish writer who had a remarkably varied career as a classics teacher, minister, university professor, newspaper editor, barrister and finally a member of parliament. He was born on 24 June 1831 at Kincaple near St. Andrews, Fife, and was the second son of Jasper Wallace, a gardener, and Elizabeth Archibald. He was educated at the Geddes Institution, Culross, Fife, and at the University of St. Andrews where he graduated M.A. in 1853. He was awarded the degree of D.D. by Glasgow University in 1869. He married Margaret Robertson (died 1898) on 10 March 1858 and they had six sons and one daughter. While he was minister at Old Greyfriars Church in Edinburgh, he was involved in attempts to reform and modernise the Church of Scotland. As a result, his fitness to be a minister was questioned and presumably this controversy influenced his decision to leave the clerical profession. He died in London on 6 June 1899.

neg: James D. Wallace James Donald Wallace is Emeritus Professor of Moral Philosophy at University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign and the author of several books on the subject of morality and ethics that draw on the American philosophical tradition of Pragmatism, in particular the ethical theory of John Dewey. His works include "Norms and Practices" (2008), "Ethical Norms, Particular Cases" (1996), "Moral Relevance and Moral Conflict" (1988), and "Virtues and Vices" (1978), as well as numerous articles. His teaching has covered a variety of subjects including: "value theory, practical reasoning, social and political philosophy, bioethics, ancient Greek philosophy, and philosophy of art."

neg: Sara Price Sara Price is an American driver, having competed in motocross, rallying, the X Games and Speed Energy Formula Off-Road. Price has won 17 national motocross championships and she has medaled in the X Games.

neg: Andy Wallace (producer) Andy Wallace is an American music studio engineer with a long track record of successful productions, beginning with the 1986 production of the Run-DMC/Aerosmith collaboration on "Walk This Way" with Rick Rubin. Following this breakout success, Wallace went on to work with Feeder, Sum 41, The Cult, Slayer, Prince, Bruce Springsteen, Sepultura, Soulfly, Nirvana, The Misfits, White Zombie, Jeff Buckley, Ben Folds Five, Faith No More, Rollins Band, Rush, Alice Cooper, Bernard Butler, Bad Religion, Sonic Youth, L7, Guns N' Roses, Rage Against the Machine, Front 242, Alabama 3, Linkin Park, Trapt, Foo Fighters, Silverchair, At the Drive-In, Staind, Sevendust, Blind Melon, System of a Down, Phish, Skunk Anansie, A Perfect Circle, Limp Bizkit, 3 Doors Down, Fuel, Chevelle, Disturbed, Paul McCartney, The Cribs, Atreyu, Young Astronauts Club, Avenged Sevenfold, Dream Theater, Ghost (Swedish band), A Day to Remember and many others. As of October 2005, over 80 million album units had been sold worldwide that contained a credit to Andy Wallace.

neg: The Price of Peace The Price of Peace is a Singaporean television drama set in Japanese-occupied Singapore during World War II. It was first aired on TCS Eighth Frequency (now MediaCorp Channel 8) on 30 June 1997. Although the drama was originally in Mandarin, an English-dubbed version was also broadcast on TCS Fifth Frequency (now MediaCorp Channel 5) in 1999. The drama has been rerun on MediaCorp Channel 8 several times since its premiere and its latest airing was in August 2013. The series is based on a 1995 book of the same title (published by Asiapac Books), which contains numerous first-hand accounts of war veterans and eyewitnesses.

neg: Y Pris Y Pris ("The Price") is a popular Welsh language television programme produced by Fiction Factory for Welsh public service television station S4C. Described in its tagline as ""The Sopranos" by the seaside", the show is set in Carmarthenshire and follows the "tangled lives of a group of gangsters who hide their illicit dealings".

neg: Richard Price (barrister) Richard Price (1790–1833) was a British barrister, known as philologist, antiquarian, and literary editor.

neg: The Price of Kings The Price of Kings is a projected twelve-part feature-length documentary film series directed by Joanna Natasegara and Richard Symons. Each film focuses on the life and leadership of a specific world leader. The first film in the series, "Yasser Arafat", released in 2011.

neg: Duncan Watt Duncan Watt (1942–2017) was an author and a newscaster and radio presenter. A household name in the 80s and 90s, Watt read the primetime news on Channel 5 for the then Singapore Broadcasting Corporation from 1980 to 1998 as well as presented classical music on Symphony 92.4FM for about 24 years until 2004. He was also known for his 20-book Wallace Boys series for teenagers about the adventures of brothers Nigel and Bruce Wallace in far-flung places such as Kariba, Zimbabwe, the Skeleton Coast and the Scottish Highlands.


query: What company located in Herzogenaurach, Bavaria uses Funda Onal as a model?

pos: Funda Önal Funda Önal (born 28 November 1981 in Sheffield, England where she attended Silverdale School) is a British model and dancer. She has starred in a range of campaigns like Nike and Adidas as well as appearing in music videos for Calvin Harris, Tinie Tempah and Kid Cudi. Önal is also known for starring in the British reality TV programme "Made in Chelsea" and played a Beauxbatons student in the film adaptation of "Harry Potter and the Goblet of Fire". She has also appeared as a dancer on the X-Factor UK 2010-2011, and played Supergirl and Wonder Woman in comic books for Superheroines.net

pos: Adidas Adidas AG (] ) (stylised as adidas since 1949) is a German multinational corporation, headquartered in Herzogenaurach, Bavaria, that designs and manufactures shoes, clothing and accessories. It is the largest sportswear manufacturer in Europe, and the second largest in the world.

neg: Tomorrow Focus Tomorrow Focus AG, which has its registered office in Munich, Germany, is an exchange-listed internet group and one of the leading providers of digital media content in Germany. Its principal shareholder is Hubert Burda Media. TOMORROW FOCUS AG was created at the end of 2001 by the merger of Focus Digital AG and Tomorrow Internet AG. The company’s Management Board comprises Toon Bouten (Chief Executive Officer), Dirk Schmelzer (Chief Financial Officer) and Christoph Schuh.

neg: Mieschke Hofmann und Partner Mieschke Hofmann und Partner GmbH (MHP) is a global consultancy based in Ludwigsburg, Germany, specializing in IT and process consulting in the automotive and manufacturing sectors. Porsche has held an equity stake in the firm since 1999, starting at 49% and increasing over time to the current 81.8%. MHP has experienced sustained growth since its inception in 1996.

neg: Centrosolar Centrosolar, based in Munich, Germany, is one of the leading stock exchange listed solar companies in Europe. The company produces photovoltaic (PV) systems for private houses and industrial properties. Centrosolar markets standard grid-connected systems and non-grid-connected solar power generators.

neg: Saal an der Donau Saal is a municipality in the district of Kelheim in Bavaria in Germany. It is located along the banks of the Danube River, around 25 km southwest of Regensburg.

neg: Franconian Heights Nature Park The Franconian Heights Nature Park (German: "Naturpark Frankenhöhe" ) is a nature park in Germany that covers an area of approximately 1,100 square kilometres. It is located northeast of the town of Rothenburg ob der Tauber in Bavaria and covers most of the hill ridge known as the Franconian Heights, as well as areas to the west and up to the Sulzach. The nature park is in one of the sunniest areas of southern Germany and offers a very varied landscape with mixed forests, rivers, vineyards and dry habitats.

neg: Arvato Arvato is a global services company headquartered in Gütersloh, Germany. Its services include customer support, information technology, logistics, and finance. The history of Arvato goes back to the printing and industry services division of Bertelsmann; the current name was introduced in 1999. Today, Arvato is one of eight divisions of Bertelsmann, the media, services and education group. In 2016, Arvato had about 68,463 employees and an overall turnover of 3.84 billion euros.

neg: Vaisala Vaisala (] ) is a Finnish company that develops, manufactures and markets products and services for environmental and industrial measurement.

neg: Franconian Forest Railway The Franconian Forest Railway (German: "Frankenwaldbahn"), route no. KBS 840, is an 88 kilometre long, electrified, double-tracked main line from Lichtenfels via Kronach to Saalfeld. It is part of the Munich–Nuremberg–Bamberg–Jena–Halle/Leipzig–Berlin trunk route. It was completed in October 1885.

neg: E.ON Gaz Romania E.ON Gaz Romania is a Romanian supply company in the gas industry, specialising in natural gas supply. The base of the distribution company was laid in 1975. Based on a government decision issued in 2000, "The National Gas Company" (Societatea Naţională de Gaze Naturale Romgaz) was reorganised according to the services provided, thus resulting DistriGaz Nord, a company which was taken over by E.ON Group in June 2005, further to the acquisition of the majority of shares by E.ON Ruhrgas AG. Starting with April 2006, the company repositions itself on the specific market, by adopting a new trading name testifying its affiliation to E.ON Group, more exactly E.ON Gaz Romania.

neg: BayWa Based in Munich, BayWa Aktiengesellschaft is a German company which operates in the agriculture, building materials and energy sectors. It provides trading, strategic and other miscellaneous services in these sectors.

neg: Voxeljet voxeljet AG, which is based in Friedberg (Bayern) near Augsburg (Germany), is a manufacturer of industrial 3D printing systems. The company has been listed on the New York Stock Exchange since its IPO in the year 2013. Besides the development and distribution of printing systems, voxeljet AG also operates service centers for the on-demand manufacture of molds and models for metal casting in Germany and abroad. These products are manufactured with the help of a generative production method based on 3D CAD data (also referred to as "3D printing").

neg: Kunstareal The Kunstareal (] , "art district") is a museum quarter in the city centre of Munich, Germany.

neg: WEDAL WEDAL ("Westdeutschland-Anbindungsleitung") is a 319 km long German natural gas pipeline, which connects the MIDAL pipeline with the Belgian natural gas grid. WEDAL branches off the MIDAL pipeline in Bad Salzuflen. From there the pipeline runs to Soest and further across North Rhine-Westphalia to the connection at the Belgian border near Aachen. The construction of WEDAL started in 1996 and the pipeline was completed in 1998. WEDAL is owned and operated by Wingas GmbH & Co. KG.

neg: Melitta Melitta ( ) is a Germany-based company selling coffee, paper coffee filters, and coffee makers, part of the Melitta Group, which also has Melitta branches in other countries world-wide. The company is headquartered in Minden, North Rhine-Westphalia.

neg: KAGG (law) Gesetz über Kapitalanlagegesellschaften (KAGG) — (German for Investment Company Act) — was a set of German regulations for Mutual Funds that was phased out in 2007 and replaced by the German Investment Modernization Act ("Investement Act"). An objective of the new Investment Act is to promote Germany as an investment fund market, stemming the erstwhile exodus of German-managed funds that became domiciled in other European havens, namely Luxembourg. BaFin is the regulatory enforcement agency that oversees the German financial industry.

neg: Foba FOBA AG is a Swiss company that makes photographic studio equipment.

neg: Noch (model railroads) Noch GmbH & Co. KG, from Wangen im Allgäu (written "NOCH" by the company) is a manufacturer and importer of accessories for model trains, especially for building landscapes. It makes products for all common sizes of model trains.

neg: Saal an der Saale Saal an der Saale is a municipality in the district of Rhön-Grabfeld in Bavaria in Germany. It is situated on the river Fränkische Saale. The municipality consists the two townships Saal an der Saale and Waltershausen.

neg: Hohenau Hohenau is a municipality in the district of Freyung-Grafenau in Bavaria in Germany.

neg: Austrian Business Agency Austrian Business Agency (German: "Österreichische Industrieansiedlungs- und WirtschaftswerbungsgmbH" ) (ABA-Invest in Austria) is the national investment promotion company of the Republic of Austria. The organization is responsible for acquiring and providing professional consulting services to foreign companies that intend to establish a subsidiary or business operations in Austria. ABA provides information about Austria as a business location and advises companies on all relevant issues. The business settlement agency was founded as ICD Austria by the in 1982, and renamed Austrian Business Agency (ABA) in 1995. On the occasion of its 25th anniversary in 2007, ABA changed its corporate design and now uses the name ABA-Invest in Austria instead of Austrian Business Agency, because it shows more clearly the purpose of the company. ABA-Invest in Austria employs a staff of 25 people.


query: In which city did this Australian rules football game involving the Collingwood Football Club where Shane Kerrison had replaced Alan Richardson took place?

pos: Shane Kerrison Shane Kerrison (born 28 March 1965) is a former Australian rules footballer who played for Collingwood in the Australian Football League (AFL). He was a late inclusion in Collingwood's team for the 1990 Grand Final, replacing Alan Richardson, and was one of the best afield in the Pies' victory over Essendon. Wearing the number 44 jumper throughout his career, Kerrison retired at the end of 1995, but remained as a runner for Collingwood in the ensuing years.

pos: 1990 AFL Grand Final The 1990 AFL Grand Final was an Australian rules football game contested between the Collingwood Football Club and the Essendon Football Club, held at the Melbourne Cricket Ground in Melbourne on 6 October 1990. It was the 94th annual Grand Final of the Australian Football League (formerly the Victorian Football League), staged to determine the premiers for the 1990 AFL season. The match, attended by 98,944 spectators, was won by Collingwood by a margin of 48 points, marking that club's 14th premiership victory.

neg: 1992 AFL Grand Final The 1992 AFL Grand Final was an Australian rules football game contested between the Geelong Football Club and West Coast Eagles, held at the Melbourne Cricket Ground in Melbourne on 26 September 1992. It was the 96th annual Grand Final of the Australian Football League (formerly the Victorian Football League), staged to determine the premiers for the 1992 AFL season. The match, attended by 95,007 spectators, was won by West Coast by a margin of 28 points, marking that club's first premiership victory and the first by a team based outside the state of Victoria.

neg: 1915 VFL Grand Final The 1915 VFL Grand Final was an Australian rules football game contested between the Collingwood Football Club and Carlton Football Club, held at the Melbourne Cricket Ground in Melbourne on 18 September 1915. It was the 19th annual Grand Final of the Victorian Football League, staged to determine the premiers for the 1915 VFL season. The match, attended by 39,343 spectators, was won by Carlton by a margin of 33 points, marking that club's fifth premiership victory and second in succession.

neg: 1918 VFL Grand Final The 1918 VFL Grand Final was an Australian rules football game contested between the South Melbourne Football Club and Collingwood Football Club, held at the Melbourne Cricket Ground in Melbourne on 7 September 1918. It was the 22nd annual Grand Final of the Victorian Football League, staged to determine the premiers for the 1918 VFL season. The match, attended by 39,262 spectators, was won by South Melbourne by a margin of 5 points, marking that club's second premiership victory.

neg: Dingley Football Club The Dingley Football and Netball Club is an Australian rules football and netball club located in the southern suburbs of Melbourne. The football teams participates in the Southern Football Netball League, based in the south and south eastern suburbs of Melbourne, Victoria.

neg: Fitzroy Stars Football Club The Fitzroy Stars Football Club is an Australian rules football club located 7 km north east of Melbourne in the suburb of Thornbury. The club is based in the Aboriginal community of Melbourne's inner northern suburbs. They usually play their home games at Victoria Park in Abbotsford, the former home ground of the Collingwood Football Club, but have also played at other venues including the Bill Lawry Oval in 2012.

neg: Riddell Football Club The Riddell Football Netball Club, nicknamed the Bombers, is an Australian rules football club located 50 km north west of Melbourne in the town of Riddells Creek affiliated with the Riddell District Football League.

neg: 1951 VFL Lightning Premiership The 1951 VFL Lightning Premiership was an Australian rules football knockout competition played entirely on Wednesday, 9 May. It was played on the Jubilee Day holiday, held to celebrate 50 years of Federation of Australia, between rounds 3 and 4 of the Victorian Football League's 1951 season with all games played at the MCG. This was the fourth time a lightning premiership had been contested in the VFL, the first since 1943. It was contested by the 12 VFL teams who competed in the 1951 VFL season. A total of 25,882 people attended the competition. Collingwood won its second Lighting Premiership competition defeating Melbourne in the final by 6 points.

neg: Barry Richardson (Australian footballer) Barry Richardson (born 22 January 1946 in Albury, New South Wales) is a former Australian rules football player who played in the VFL between 1965 and 1974 for the Richmond Football Club.

neg: 1941 VFL Lightning Premiership The 1941 VFL Lightning Premiership was an Australian rules football knockout competition played entirely on Saturday 24, May. It was played during a weeks break of the Victorian Football Leagues's 1941 VFL season between rounds 4 and 5 with all games being played at the MCG. The competition was also played on the same day as an interstate match between New South Wales and Victoria in Sydney. This was the second time a lightning premiership had been contested in the VFL. It was contested by the 12 VFL teams who competed in the 1941 VFL season. A crowd of 19,572 attended the competition. Collingwood won the competition by 1 point, defeating Melbourne in the final.

neg: 1996 AFL Grand Final The 1996 AFL Grand Final was an Australian rules football game contested between the North Melbourne Football Club and the Sydney Swans, held at the Melbourne Cricket Ground in Melbourne on 28 September 1996. It was the 100th annual Grand Final of the Australian Football League (formerly the Victorian Football League), staged to determine the premiers for the 1996 AFL season. The match, attended by 93,102 people, was won by North Melbourne by a margin of 43 points, marking that club's third premiership victory. North Melbourne were awarded a gold premiership cup instead of the usual silver in honor of the centenary grand final.

neg: Cameron Richardson (footballer) Cameron Richardson (born 2 December 1987) is an Australian rules footballer who plays for the North Melbourne Football Club in the Australian Football League (AFL).

neg: Rodger Richardson Rodger Richardson (born 12 June 1943) is a former Australian rules footballer who played with Richmond in the Victorian Football League (VFL).

neg: 1997 AFL Grand Final The 1997 AFL Grand Final was an Australian rules football game contested between the Adelaide Football Club and the St Kilda Football Club, held at the Melbourne Cricket Ground in Melbourne on 27 September 1997. It was the 101st annual Grand Final of the Australian Football League (formerly the Victorian Football League), staged to determine the premiers for the 1997 AFL season. The match, attended by 99,645 spectators, was won by Adelaide by a margin of 31 points, marking that club's first premiership victory.

neg: 1900 VFL Grand Final The 1900 VFL Grand Final was an Australian rules football game contested between the Melbourne Football Club and Fitzroy Football Club, held at the East Melbourne Cricket Ground in Melbourne on 22 September 1900. It was the 3rd annual Grand Final of the Victorian Football League, staged to determine the premiers for the 1900 VFL season. The match, attended by 20,181 spectators, was won by Melbourne by a margin of 4 points.

neg: Claremont Oval Claremont Oval is an Australian rules football stadium located in Perth, Australia. The stadium, opened in 1905 as "Claremont Recreation Ground", seats 15,000. It is the home of the Claremont Football Club, an Australian Rules football club that plays in the West Australian Football League, the state's premier Australian Rules competition.

neg: Craigieburn Football Club The Craigieburn Football Club is an Australian rules football club and is located 27 km north of Melbourne in the township of Craigieburn.

neg: Shane Richardson (rugby league) Shane Richardson is the current general manager of football of the Australian National Rugby League team, the South Sydney Rabbitohs. Richardson rejoined the club in his current role in 2016 from the NRL, where he had served as the head of game strategy and development.

neg: Mount Waverley Football Club The Mount Waverley Football & Netball Club is a semi-professional Australian rules football club in the south eastern suburbs of Melbourne. The club participates in the Southern Football Netball League.

neg: Adelaide City Park Adelaide City Park is a multi-use stadium in Adelaide, Australia. It is mainly used for Association football and has been the home ground for Adelaide City since 2004. The stadium has a capacity of 5,500 people.

neg: 2012 AFL finals series The 2012 Australian Football League finals series determined the winner of the 2012 AFL season. The series was scheduled to occur over four weekends in September 2012, culminating with the 116th AFL/VFL Grand Final at the Melbourne Cricket Ground on 29 September 2012.


query: What company published a fantasy tabletop role-playing game originally designed by Gary Gygax and Dave Arneson that has a book of rules that lack the complete set of rules for the game, and only includes rules for use by players of the game?

pos: Player's Handbook The Player's Handbook (Players Handbook in first edition "Advanced Dungeons & Dragons" ("AD&D")) is a book of rules for the fantasy role-playing game "Dungeons & Dragons" ("D&D"). It does not contain the complete set of rules for the game, and only includes rules for use by players of the game. Additional rules, for use by Dungeon Masters (DMs), who referee the game, can be found in the "Dungeon Master's Guide". Many optional rules, such as those governing extremely high-level players, and some of the more obscure spells, are found in other sources.

pos: Dungeons & Dragons Dungeons & Dragons (abbreviated as D&D or DnD) is a fantasy tabletop role-playing game (RPG) originally designed by Gary Gygax and Dave Arneson, and first published in 1974 by Tactical Studies Rules, Inc. (TSR). The game has been published by Wizards of the Coast (now a subsidiary of Hasbro) since 1997. It was derived from miniature wargames with a variation of the "Chainmail" game serving as the initial rule system. "D&D"'s publication is commonly recognized as the beginning of modern role-playing games and the role-playing game industry.

neg: Tunnels & Trolls Tunnels & Trolls (abbreviated "T&T") is a fantasy role-playing game designed by Ken St. Andre and first published in 1975 by Flying Buffalo. The second modern role-playing game published, it was written by Ken St. Andre to be a more accessible alternative to "Dungeons & Dragons" and is suitable for solitaire, group, and play-by-mail gameplay.

neg: Cities of the Sun Cities of the Sun is an accessory for the 2nd edition of the "Advanced Dungeons & Dragons" fantasy role-playing game, published in 1995.

neg: Lenard Lakofka Lenard "Len" Lakofka (born in 1944) is an American writer of material for the fantasy role-playing game "Dungeons & Dragons". Although never a formal TSR staff member, the company that published the game of "Dungeons & Dragons", he was an influential voice in the development of the game. He was one of the playtesters of the game as it was being developed, an editor of early manuscripts, wrote a widely-read monthly "D&D" magazine column and two official "D&D" adventures, and had his home campaign setting of the Lendore Isles incorporated into Gary Gygax's World of Greyhawk Fantasy Game Setting.

neg: List of role-playing game software Role-playing game software, as opposed to role-playing video games, is a software intended to assist in developing and running of role-playing games. It does not allow the game to be played entirely within the computer. Such software assist in the drawing of maps, player character and non-player character creation, generation of monsters, and provision of dice rolls and their results. The software may be specific to a single role playing game system, or flexible enough to be applied to multiple game models.

neg: Adventure Games Adventure Games was an American game company that produced role-playing games and game supplements.

neg: Wrath of the Immortals Wrath of the Immortals, written by Aaron Allston, is a boxed set for the "Dungeons & Dragons" ("D&D") fantasy role-playing game first published by TSR in 1992, revising the rules of the "Immortals Rules" box set that was originally released in 1986.

neg: Complete Psionic Complete Psionic is a supplemental rulebook for the 3.5 edition of the "Dungeons & Dragons" role-playing game published by Wizards of the Coast and released in April 2006. It is the first 3.5 edition supplemental rulebook published by Wizards of the Coast which focuses on psionics since the "Expanded Psionics Handbook".

neg: Stephen R. Marsh Stephen R. Marsh is an American game designer and lawyer best known for his contributions to early editions of TSR's "Dungeons & Dragons" fantasy tabletop role-playing game (RPG). Some of the creatures he created for the original edition of "D&D" in 1975 have been included in every subsequent edition of the game.

neg: Swords and Sorcery (video game) Swords and Sorcery is a fantasy role playing video game developed and published by Personal Software Services. It was released exclusively in the United Kingdom for the ZX Spectrum in 1985 and the Amstrad CPC in 1986. The game contains elements of dungeon crawling and revolves around a customisable player-character navigating through catacombs in order to secure a large wealth of treasure, whilst simultaneously collecting seven pieces of sacred armour.

neg: Game System License The 4th edition Game System License was released by Wizards of the Coast to the public on June 17, 2008. This is a trademark license similar to, but more restrictive than, the d20 System Trademark License that was created for 3rd edition of "Dungeons & Dragons". The license allows third-party publishers to create products using the intellectual property of "Dungeons & Dragons".

neg: Daredevils (role-playing game) Daredevils is a pulp magazine tabletop role-playing game set in the 1930s. It was written by Robert Charrette and Paul Hume and published by Fantasy Games Unlimited in 1982. The game comes with a rule book, a scenario book, a character sheet, and a three panel game master screen. "Daredevils" is Charrette and Hume's third game of a series. The first two games were "Bushido" and "Aftermath!". All three games feature similar game mechanics, but those of "Daredevils" are simpler than those of "Aftermath!" "Daredevils" was not popular. In his book "Designers & Dragons", Appelcline said, "It was probably still too awkward and it was only supported with four supplements."

neg: List of role-playing game publishers This is a list of companies that have produced tabletop role-playing games, listed in order of the year that the company published its first role-playing game-related product (game, supplement, or magazine). Also listed is the years the company was active, and a list of notable role-playing games the company has produced. This list makes note of the first edition of each game which a company published, and does not try to list subsequent editions of the same game published by the same company.

neg: Arcana Unearthed Arcana Unearthed (properly Monte Cook's Arcana Unearthed, ISBN  ) is a role-playing game created by Monte Cook and first published in 2003. Described as a "variant player's handbook", the 256-page hardcover core rulebook bears many similarities to the "Players Handbook" of 3rd Edition "Dungeons & Dragons", on which Cook worked a few years prior. In terms of rules, "Arcana Unearthed" is based on the d20 system of "Dungeons & Dragons", although due to including rules for character advancement it cannot be an official d20 system product. (It does, however, use the Open Gaming License.)

neg: Against the Giants Against the Giants is an adventure module written by Gary Gygax and published by TSR in 1981 for the "Dungeons & Dragons" fantasy role-playing game. It combines the G series of modules previously published in 1978: "Steading of the Hill Giant Chief", "Glacial Rift of the Frost Giant Jarl", and "Hall of the Fire Giant King". All three were produced for use with the 1st edition "Advanced Dungeons & Dragons" rules. In 1999, to recognize the 25th anniversary of TSR, the company released an updated version, "". Later in 1999, Wizards of the Coast published a novelization of "Against the Giants" by Ru Emerson.

neg: Lamia (Dungeons & Dragons) In the "Dungeons & Dragons" fantasy role-playing game, the lamia is a type of fictional monster. The lamia is typically portrayed in the game as a creature with the lower body of a lion, and the upper torso, arms, and head of a human female. A less common type of lamia, the lamia noble, was depicted as having the lower body of a serpent. The lamia was introduced in the first edition "Advanced Dungeons & Dragons" game's original "Monster Manual" sourcebook, written by Gary Gygax and published in 1977. The lamia also appeared in second edition and third edition "Dungeons & Dragons". In the fourth edition, it was reenvisaged as a swarm of insects. The fifth edition disregards this and returns it to its classic design.

neg: Complete Mage Complete Mage is a supplemental rule book for the 3.5 edition of the "Dungeons and Dragons" role-playing game. It is effectively the sequel to "Complete Arcane".

neg: Dragonlance: Fifth Age Dragonlance: Fifth Age is an accessory for the "SAGA System", published in 1996. It uses the setting of Dragonlance, which originally was used in the "Advanced Dungeons & Dragons" fantasy role-playing game.

neg: Mordenkainen's Fantastic Adventure Mordenkainen's Fantastic Adventure by Robert J. Kuntz and Gary Gygax is an adventure module for the "Dungeons & Dragons" role-playing game, published by TSR, Inc. in 1984. It originally bore the code "WG5" and was intended for use with the "Advanced Dungeons & Dragons" first edition rules. Because it is one of the "WG" modules, it is a module intended for the "World of Greyhawk" campaign setting. It was later updated in 2004 to the Third Edition Revised rules in "Dungeon" magazine, issue #112, as Maure Castle. There were subsequently two additional installments in issues #124 and #139.

neg: Phoenix Games Phoenix Games was an American game company that produced role-playing games and game supplements.

neg: Dungeons & Dragons Game (1991 boxed set) The New Easy-to-Master Dungeons & Dragons Game is an introductory set for the "Dungeons & Dragons" fantasy role-playing game, published by TSR, Inc. in 1991. It was a replacement for the previous "Dungeons & Dragons Basic Set", serving to introduce new players to the game, using the rule set previously established.