query: What sovereign state in Maritime Southeast Asia speaks Portuguese?

pos: Portuguese language in Asia The Portuguese language is spoken in Asia by small communities either in regions which formerly served as colonies to Portugal, notably Macau and East Timor where the language is official albeit not widely spoken, or of Lusophone immigrants, notably the Brazilians in Japan.

pos: East Timor East Timor ( ) or Timor-Leste ( ; Tetum: "Timór Lorosa'e"), officially the Democratic Republic of Timor-Leste (Portuguese: "República Democrática de Timor-Leste" , Tetum: "Repúblika Demokrátika Timór-Leste" ), is a sovereign state in Maritime Southeast Asia. It comprises the eastern half of the island of Timor, the nearby islands of Atauro and Jaco, and Oecusse, an exclave on the northwestern side of the island surrounded by Indonesian West Timor. The country's size is about 15,410 km (5,400 sq mi).

neg: Overseas Minangkabau The Overseas Minangkabau is a demographic group of Minangkabau people of Minangkabau Highlands origin in West Sumatra, Indonesia who have settled in other parts of the world . Over half of the Minangkabau people can be considered overseas Minangkabaus. They make up the majority of the population of Negeri Sembilan (in Malaysia) and Pekanbaru (in Indonesia). They also form a significant minority in the populations of Jakarta, Bandung, Medan, Batam, Surabaya and Palembang in Indonesia as well as Kuala Lumpur, Malacca, Penang, Singapore and Brunei Darussalam in the rest of the Malay world. Minangkabaus have also emigrated as skilled professionals and merchants to the Netherlands, United States, Saudi Arabia and Australia. The matrilineal culture and economic conditions in West Sumatra have made the Minangkabau people one of the most mobile ethnic group in Maritime Southeast Asia.

neg: South Sulawesi South Sulawesi (Indonesian: "Sulawesi Selatan" ; Buginese: "ᨔᨘᨒᨓᨙᨔᨗ ᨒᨕᨘᨈ" ) is a province in the southern peninsula of Sulawesi. The Selayar Islands archipelago is also part of the province.

neg: Sri Lankan Malays Malays of Sri Lanka (also known in Sinhalese language as "Ja Minissu" meaning "Javanese" (Sinhalese: ශ්රී ලාංකික මැලේ "Sri Lankika Mælay" ; Tamil: இலங்கை மலாய் ) - a catch-all term historically used for all native of the Malay Archipelago) originated in Southeast Asia. The group consists of about 40,000 people and they make up 0.20% of the Sri Lankan population. Their ancestors initially came to the country when both Sri Lanka and Indonesia were colonies of the Dutch, while a second wave (1796–1948) came from the Malay Peninsula, when both Malaya and Sri Lanka were in the British Empire.

neg: Papua New Guinea Papua New Guinea (PNG; , ; Tok Pisin: "Papua Niugini" ; Hiri Motu: "Papua Niu Gini"), officially the Independent State of Papua New Guinea, is an Oceanian country that occupies the eastern half of the island of New Guinea and its offshore islands in Melanesia, a region of the southwestern Pacific Ocean north of Australia. Its capital, located along its southeastern coast, is Port Moresby. The western half of New Guinea forms the Indonesian provinces of Papua and West Papua.

neg: Indonesia Indonesia ( or ; Indonesian: ), officially the Republic of Indonesia (Indonesian: "Republik Indonesia" ), is a unitary sovereign state and transcontinental country located mainly in Southeast Asia, with some territories in Oceania. Situated between the Indian and Pacific oceans, it is the world's largest island country, with more than seventeen thousand islands. At 1,904,569 km2 , Indonesia is the world's 14th-largest country in terms of land area and world's 7th-largest country in terms of combined sea and land area. It has an estimated population of over floor( /1e6) million people and is the world's fourth most populous country, the most populous Austronesian nation, as well as the most populous Muslim-majority country. The world's most populous island, Java, contains more than half of the country's population.

neg: List of companies of Singapore Singapore is a global city and sovereign state in Southeast Asia and the world's only island city-state. It lies one degree (137 km) north of the equator, south of the southernmost tip of continental Asia and peninsular Malaysia, with Indonesia's Riau Islands to the south. Singapore's territory consists of a diamond-shaped main island along with 62 other islets.

neg: Southeast Sulawesi Southeast Sulawesi (Indonesian: "Sulawesi Tenggara" , abbreviation: "Sultra") is a province on the Sulawesi, forming the southeastern peninsula of that island, together with a number of large offshore islands such as Buton, Muna, Kabaena and Wawonii, with smaller islands. The capital is Kendari, on the east coast of the peninsula.

neg: Southeast Solomonic languages The family of Southeast Solomonic languages forms a branch of the Oceanic languages. It consists of some 26 languages covering the South East Solomon Islands, from the tip of Santa Isabel to Makira. The fact that there is little diversity amongst these languages, compared to groups of similar size in Melanesia, suggests that they dispersed in the relatively recent past. Bugotu is one of the most conservative languages.

neg: Languages of Portugal The languages of Portugal are the languages spoken or once spoken in the territory of the country of Portugal.

neg: Lusophone music Lusophone music, interchangeably music from Portugal and Portuguese-speaking countries, is music that comes either from Portuguese-speaking countries, or from anywhere as long it is being performed in Portuguese or Portuguese-based creole languages. Generally this term is not used outside of the internet, because of some cultural differences between the peoples of the different Portuguese-speaking countries, but identity questions make a part of the shared relationship between the groups of Portuguese-speakers around the world and thus people from these different nations can have a taste for the culture of each other, as seen in the success of Brazilian media (such as music and telenovelas) in Portugal.

neg: Portuguese Gold Coast The Portuguese Gold Coast was a Portuguese colony on the West African Gold Coast (present day Ghana) on the Gulf of Guinea.

neg: Central northeastern Portuguese The central northeastern dialect of Brazilian Portuguese (Portuguese: "dialeto nordestino central" ) is a dialect spoken in the central part of the Northeast Region, Brazil, in all the states of Rio Grande do Norte, Paraíba, Alagoas and Sergipe, much of the state of Pernambuco (except for the Zona da Mata and the Recife metropolitan area), northern of Bahia, southern of Ceará, southeastern of Piauí and a few regions of Maranhão. It has roughly about 53,078,137 native speakers and varies within the region. This dialect shares similarities between north coast, Baiano and Recifense dialects.

neg: Member states of the Association of Southeast Asian Nations Member states of the Association of Southeast Asian Nations

neg: Maguindanao language Maguindanaon is an Austronesian language spoken by majority of the population of Maguindanao province in the Philippines. It is also spoken by sizable minorities in different parts of Mindanao such as the cities of Zamboanga, Davao, and General Santos, and the provinces of North Cotabato, Sultan Kudarat, South Cotabato, Sarangani, Zamboanga del Sur, Zamboanga Sibugay, as well as Metro Manila. This was the language of the historic Sultanate of Maguindanao, which existed before and during the Spanish colonial period from 1500–1888.

neg: Halmahera Sea languages The Halmahera Sea languages, also known as the Raja Ampat-South Halmahera languages, are a branch of Malayo-Polynesian languages spoken on islands in the Halmahera Sea, and on its margins from the south-eastern coast of Halmahera to the Raja Ampat Islands of the western tip of New Guinea.

neg: São Jacinto São Jacinto is an island in the estuary of the Zuari River in the Indian state of Goa. It is one of the few inhabited islands of this tiny state on the west coast of the Indian peninsula.

neg: Tukang Besi language Tukang Besi is an Austronesian language spoken in the Tukangbesi Islands in southeast Sulawesi in Indonesia by a quarter million speakers.

neg: Portuguese São Tomé and Príncipe São Tomé and Príncipe islands were a colony of the Portuguese Empire from its discovery in 1470 until 1975, when independence was granted by Portugal.

neg: East Timor–Portugal relations East Timor – Portugal relations are foreign relations between Portugal and East Timor (Timor Leste). Timor Leste has an embassy in Lisbon whilst Portugal has an embassy in Dili. East Timor was a colony of Portugal for over 400 years.

neg: Portuguese Timor Portuguese Timor Portuguese: "Timor Português" was the name of East Timor when it was under Portuguese control between 1702 to 1975. During most of this period, Portugal shared the island of Timor with the Dutch East Indies.


query: Cynfarch Oer, was probably a 6th-century king of the Sub-Roman realm of Rheged, was one of the kingdoms of the "Hen Ogledd" ("Old North"), the Brittonic-speaking region of what is now Northern England, and southern Scotland, during the post-Roman era, and which time period?

pos: Cynfarch Oer Cynfarch Oer ('Cynfarch the Dismal', also known as Cunomarcus or Cynfarch ap Meirchion) was probably a 6th-century king of the Sub-Roman realm of Rheged, believed to be located in north-west England and south-west Scotland.

pos: Rheged Rheged (] ) was one of the kingdoms of the "Hen Ogledd" ("Old North"), the Brittonic-speaking region of what is now Northern England and southern Scotland, during the post-Roman era and Early Middle Ages. It is recorded in several poetic and bardic sources, although its borders are not described in any of them. Some modern scholars have suggested that it included what is now Cumbria in North West England and possibly extended into Lancashire and Scotland. In some sources, Rheged is intimately associated with the king Urien Rheged and his family. Its inhabitants spoke Cumbric, a Brittonic dialect closely related to Old Welsh.

neg: West Saxon dialect West Saxon was one of four distinct dialects of Old English. The three others were Kentish, Mercian and Northumbrian (the latter two were similar and are known as the Anglian dialects). West Saxon was the language of the kingdom of Wessex, and was the basis for successive widely used literary forms of Old English: the Early West Saxon of Alfred the Great's time, and the Late West Saxon of the late 10th and 11th centuries.

neg: Prehistory of France Prehistoric France is the period in the human occupation (including early hominins) of the geographical area covered by present-day France which extended through prehistory and ended in the Iron Age with the Celtic "La Tène culture".

neg: House of Wessex The House of Wessex, also known as the House of Cerdic ("Cerdicingas" in Old English), refers to the family that initially ruled a kingdom in southwest England known as Wessex, from the 6th century under Cerdic of Wessex until the unification of the Kingdoms of England by Alfred the Great and his successors (Though Alfred's grandfather Egbert was the one to start consolidating West saxon domination). Alfred and his successors would also be part of this dynasty, which would continue ruling in the main line all the way until Alfred's descendant, Ethelred the Unready, whose reign in the late 10th century and early 11th century saw a brief period of Danish occupation and following his and his son Edmund Ironside's death, kingship by the Danish Cnut the Great and his successors to 1042. The House of Wessex then briefly regained its power for 24 years, but after the deposition of its last scion, Ethelred's great-grandson Edgar Atheling would fade into the annals of history after the death of Edgar Atheling in 1125.

neg: Ælla of Northumbria Ælla (or Ælle) (fl. 866; d. 21 March 867) was King of Northumbria, England in the middle of the 9th century. Sources on Northumbrian history in this period are limited, ancestry is not known and the dating of the beginning of Ælla's reign is questionable.

neg: Æthelfrith Æthelfrith (died c. 616) was King of Bernicia from c. 593 until his death. Around 604 he became the first Bernician king to also rule the neighboring land of Deira, giving him an important place in the development of the later kingdom of Northumbria. He was especially notable for his successes against the Britons and his victory over the Gaels of Dál Riata. Although he was defeated and killed in battle and replaced by a dynastic rival, his line was eventually restored to power in the 630s.

neg: Scotland during the Roman Empire Scotland during the Roman Empire refers to the protohistorical period during which the Roman Empire interacted with the area that is now Scotland, which was known to them as "Caledonia". Roman legions arrived around  71, having conquered the Celtic tribes of "Britain" (England and Wales) over the preceding three decades. Aiming to annex all of the island of "Albion", Romans under Q. Petilius Cerialis and Gn. Julius Agricola invaded the Caledonians in the 70s and 80s.

neg: Kingdom of Northumbria The Kingdom of Northumbria ( ; Old English: "Norþhymbra rīce" , "kingdom of the Northumbrians") was a medieval Anglian kingdom in what is now northern England and south-east Scotland, which subsequently became an earldom in a unified English kingdom. The name reflects the approximate southern limit to the kingdom's territory, the Humber estuary.

neg: Kingdom of East Anglia The Kingdom of the East Angles (Old English: "Ēast Engla Rīce" ; ), today known as the Kingdom of East Anglia, was a small independent kingdom of the Angles comprising what are now the English counties of Norfolk and Suffolk and perhaps the eastern part of the Fens. The kingdom formed in the 6th century in the wake of the Anglo-Saxon settlement of Britain. It was ruled by the Wuffingas in the 7th and 8th centuries, but fell to Mercia in 794, and was conquered by the Danes in 869, forming part of the Danelaw. It was conquered by Edward the Elder and incorporated into the Kingdom of England in 918.

neg: Older Scots Older Scots refers to the following periods in the history of the Scots language

neg: Old Norman Old Norman, also called Old Northern French or Old Norman French, was one of many "langues d'oïl" (Old French) dialects. It was spoken throughout the region of what is now called Normandy and spread into England, Southern Italy, Sicily and the Levant. It is the ancestor of modern Norman, including the insular dialects (such as Jèrriais), as well as Anglo-Norman.

neg: Timeline of prehistoric Scotland This timeline of prehistoric Scotland is a chronologically ordered list of important archaeological sites in Scotland and of major events affecting Scotland's human inhabitants and culture during the prehistoric period. The period of prehistory prior to occupation by the genus "Homo" is part of the geology of Scotland. Prehistory in Scotland ends with the arrival of the Romans in southern Scotland in the 1st century AD and the beginning of written records. The archaeological sites and events listed are the earliest examples or among the most notable of their type.

neg: Hadrian's Wall Hadrian's Wall (Latin: "Vallum Aelium" ), also called the Roman Wall, Picts' Wall, or "Vallum Hadriani" in Latin, was a defensive fortification in the Roman province of Britannia, begun in AD 122 in the reign of the emperor Hadrian. It ran from the banks of the River Tyne near the North Sea to the Solway Firth on the Irish Sea, and was the northern limit of the Roman Empire, immediately north of which were the lands of the northern Ancient Britons, including the Picts.

neg: Kingdom of Alba The Kingdom of Alba refers to the Kingdom of Scotland between the deaths of Donald II (Domnall mac Causantin) in 900 and of Alexander III in 1286, which then led indirectly to the Scottish Wars of Independence. The name is one of convenience, as throughout this period the elite and populace of the Kingdom were predominantly Pictish-Gaels or later Pictish-Gaels and Scoto-Norman, and differs markedly from the period of the Stuarts, in which the elite of the kingdom were (for the most part) speakers of Middle English, which later evolved and came to be called Lowland Scots.

neg: Dun an Sticir Dun an Sticir (Scottish Gaelic: "Dùn an Sticir" , ] ) is an Iron Age broch situated approximately 9.5 kilometers north of Lochmaddy in a lake on North Uist in the Scottish Outer Hebrides. A building was erected on the site in the late-medieval period.

neg: Hen Ogledd Yr Hen Ogledd (] ), in English the Old North, is the region of Northern England and the southern Scottish Lowlands inhabited by the Celtic Britons of sub-Roman Britain and the Early Middle Ages. Its denizens spoke a variety of the Brittonic language known as Cumbric. The Hen Ogledd was distinct from the parts of northern Britain inhabited by the Picts, Anglo-Saxons, and Scoti as well as from Wales, although the people of the Hen Ogledd were the same Brittonic stock as the Picts, Welsh and Cornish, and the region loomed large in Welsh literature and tradition for centuries after its kingdoms had disappeared.

neg: Rædwulf of Northumbria Rædwulf was king of Northumbria for a short time. His descent is not known, but it is possible that he was a kinsman of Osberht and Ælla.

neg: Leinster Leinster ( — — ] ) is one of the Provinces of Ireland situated in the east of Ireland. It comprises the ancient Kingdoms of Mide, Osraige and Leinster. Following the 12th-century Norman invasion of Ireland, the historic fifths of Leinster and Mide gradually merged, mainly due to the impact of the Pale, which straddled both, thereby forming the present-day province of Leinster. The ancient kingdoms were shired into a number of counties for administrative and judicial purposes. In later centuries, local government legislation has seen further sub-division of the historic counties.

neg: Arthfael Hen ap Rhys Arthfael Hen ap Rhys, also called Arthfael the Old, was the king of the Kingdom of Glywysing (in modern-day Wales) between 785 and approximately 825 AD.

neg: Cynddylan Cynddylan (Modern Welsh pronunciation: /kən'ðəlan/), or Cynddylan ap Cyndrwyn was a seventh-century Prince of Powys associated with Pengwern. Cynddylan is attested only in literary sources: unlike many kings from Brittonic-speaking post-Roman Britain, he does not appear in the early Welsh genealogies or other historical sources. The son of King Cyndrwyn, Cynddylan is described in the probably seventh-century poem "Marwnad Cynddylan" ("Elegy for Cynddylan") and seems to have been a chieftain in Powys.

neg: Prehistoric Orkney Prehistoric Orkney refers to a period in the human occupation of the Orkney archipelago of Scotland that was the latter part of these islands' prehistory. The period of prehistory prior to occupation by the genus "Homo" is part of the geology of Scotland. Although some written records refer to Orkney during the Roman invasions of Scotland, prehistory in northern Scotland does not end until the commencement of the Early Historic Period around AD 600.


query: What came first, Honda Today or Honda City?

pos: Honda Today This Honda Today was a "kei car" (minivehicle) produced by the Japanese automaker Honda beginning in 1985. It was replaced by the Honda Life in 1998. Honda's smallest car being produced at the time was the Honda City, which was a supermini and it had an engine larger than "kei" car legislation allowed. The Today represented a re-entry into "kei" car production. Honda had abandoned "kei" passenger cars in 1975, choosing to manufacture the Honda Acty kei truck, and the Honda Street microvan for that segment. Previously, Honda's smallest car was the Honda Civic, followed by the smaller Honda City in 1981.

pos: Honda City The Honda City is a compact car which has been produced by the Japanese manufacturer Honda since 1981.

neg: Honda Performance Development Honda Performance Development, Inc. (HPD) is a subsidiary of American Honda Motor Co. which was established in 1993 and is based in Santa Clarita, California. It is the technical operations center for Honda's American motorsports programs and is involved in the design and development of race engines and chassis for auto racing series such as the IndyCar Series, American Le Mans Series (ALMS), Le Mans Series (LMS), FIA World Endurance Championship (WEC) and Super GT.

neg: Honda Vigor The Honda Vigor was a premium sedan that was sold in Japan through the "Honda Verno" dealer network from 1981 to 1995 derived from the Honda Accord, and briefly sold in North America from 1992 to 1994 as the Acura Vigor. Early Vigors were more upmarket versions of the Accord and served as Honda's flagship until the arrival of the Honda Legend. In 1989, the Vigor would differentiate itself further from the Accord with unique styling and an available longitudinal five-cylinder engine, and a twin to the Vigor was introduced with the Honda Inspire, available at "Honda Clio" dealerships.

neg: Honda XR series The Honda XR series is a range of four-stroke, off-road motorcycles that were designed in Japan but assembled all over the world.

neg: Integrated Motor Assist Integrated Motor Assist (commonly abbreviated as IMA) is Honda's hybrid car technology, introduced in 1999 on the Insight. It is a specific implementation of a parallel hybrid. It uses an electric motor mounted between the internal combustion engine and transmission to act as a starter motor, engine balancer, and assist traction motor.

neg: Honda P50 The Honda P50 (known as the P25 in some markets) was introduced in June 1966. It was the last motor-wheel moped design by Honda (and probably by any other large manufacturer).

neg: Honda NSX (second generation) The second generation Honda NSX, marketed as Acura NSX in North America, is a 2-seater, mid-engined hybrid sports car developed and manufactured by Honda in the United States. It went on sale in the United States in June 2016. It succeeds the original NSX that was produced in Japan from 1990 to 2005.

neg: Honda Crider The Honda Crider is a compact/mid-size sedan produced by Guangqi Honda (广汽本田) in China. It was introduced in 2013.

neg: Honda Aircraft Company The Honda Aircraft Company is a wholly owned subsidiary of the Honda Motor Company that has developed the prototype HondaJet and is slated to manufacture and market the production version of the aircraft. The company was formed as a separate entity in August 2006 under the leadership of president and CEO Michimasa Fujino.

neg: Twentieth Century Motor Car Corporation The Twentieth Century Motor Car Corporation was an automobile company started by con-artist Geraldine Elizabeth Carmichael in 1974. The company's flagship vehicle was the Dale, a prototype three-wheeled two-seater sports car designed and built by Dale Clifft. It was touted as being powered by an 850 cc air-cooled engine and featuring 70 mpgus fuel economy and a $2,000 (in 1974 US dollars) price, which were popular specifications during the mid 1970s US fuel crisis.

neg: Everus Everus (Li Nian) is a car marque of Guangqi Honda, a joint venture between Honda and Guangzhou Automobile Group (GAC Group). "Li Nian" was also the name of a concept car that Guangqi Honda debuted in Auto China 2008, coinciding with the reveal of the brand. Honda became the first foreign automaker to develop vehicles under a brand owned by its local joint venture automaker in China.

neg: Honda CB-1 The Honda CB-1 is a small, light naked sports motorcycle with a 399 cc straight-four engine, carrying the model code NC27. In contrast to other models of the Honda CB series, the name is written with a hyphen. In some countries it was marketed as Honda CB400F.

neg: Honda WOW The Honda WOW (WOW stands for "Wonderful Open-hearted Wagon") was a concept car created by the automobile division of Honda. The WOW was first introduced at the 2005 Tokyo Motor Show. The WOW was designed to fit the needs of both a person and their dog.

neg: Honda Civic Si The Honda Civic Si is a sport compact trim of Civic by Honda. The Si (Sport Injected) trim was introduced for the third generation of Honda Civics in both Japan and North America. In Canada and elsewhere the trim became known as the SiR for the sixth and seventh generations, and the Si trim was equivalent to the USDM EX model.

neg: Honda Canada Inc. Honda Canada Inc. is the Canadian division of the Honda Motor Company. Founded in 1969, Honda has been building cars in Canada since 1986.

neg: Honda S2000 The Honda S2000 was a roadster that was manufactured by Japanese automaker Honda from 1999 to 2009. First shown as a concept car at the Tokyo Motor Show in 1995, the production version was launched in April 1999 to celebrate the company's 50th anniversary. The S2000 is named for its engine displacement of two liters, carrying on in the tradition of the S500, S600, and S800 roadsters of the 1960s.

neg: Honda City (AA) The first generation Honda City (Honda Jazz in Europe) was a subcompact hatchback aimed mainly at the Japanese domestic market. The somewhat ungainly designed City, referred to by Honda as "Tall Boy" style, was also marketed abroad and was available in a number of versions. First introduced in November 1981 it carried the model codes AA for sedans, VF for vans, and FA for the widetrack Turbo II and Cabriolets. It was sold at the Honda Japan dealership sales channel called "Honda Clio."

neg: Motoring Today Motoring Today is a Philippine motoring and motorsports television program and the longest-running motoring and motorsports program on Philippine television. The program debuted on 7 June 1987 hosted by its creator Ray Butch Gamboa and race car driver Pocholo Ramirez. The program reports about the latest news and recent developments in the local and global motoring industry as well as current events in the local and international motorsports. It also showcases the latest cars available in the Philippine market and tackles various issues affecting the Philippine motoring public. The program has a counterpart weekly column, penned by Gamboa, in the daily newspaper "The Philippine STAR".

neg: Atlas Honda Atlas Honda (AHL; Urdu:  ) is a Pakistani motorcycle manufacturer owned by Atlas Group and Honda Motor Company and based in Karachi, Sindh, Pakistan since 1962. It is the largest motorcycle assembler and a market leader in Pakistan.

neg: Honda Accord (ninth generation) The ninth generation Honda Accord is a mid-size car introduced in 2012 by Honda, and received a refreshed front fascia, grill, head lights, rear lights, and alloy wheel designs for the 2016 model year. With the discontinuation of smaller European and Japanese market Accord in 2015, the larger North American Accord became the only version in production, with the Hybrid version taking over as the flagship of Honda's automotive product in many markets that once received the smaller Accord.

neg: Suzuki Alto The Suzuki Alto (スズキ・アルト) is a kei car built by Suzuki. Its selling points have long included a low price and good fuel economy. The model, currently in its eighth generation, was first introduced in 1979 and has been built in many countries worldwide. The Alto badge has often been used on different cars in Japan and in export markets, where it is considered a city car.


query: This public, coeducational, state university is located in a city with a population at the 2010 census of what?

pos: Tarleton State University Tarleton State University is a public, coeducational, state university located in Stephenville, Texas and is a member of the Texas A&M University System. Located just outside the Dallas/Fort Worth metroplex, Tarleton offers programs including agriculture, nursing, music, medical technology, mathematical data mining, and teacher education programs. The university's public school improvement programs are active in over 50 area school districts. In fall 2012, the university enrolled over 10,000 students for the first time.

pos: Stephenville, Texas Stephenville is a city in and the county seat of Erath County, Texas, United States. The population was 17,123 at the 2010 census. Founded in 1856, it is home to Tarleton State University. Stephenville is among several communities that call themselves the "Cowboy Capital of the World".

neg: Druid Hills, Georgia Druid Hills is a community which includes both a census-designated place (CDP) in unincorporated DeKalb County, Georgia, United States, as well as a neighborhood of the city of Atlanta. The CDP's population was 14,568 at the 2010 census. The CDP contains the main campus of Emory University and the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC). The Atlanta-city section of Druid Hills is one of Atlanta's most affluent neighborhoods with a mean household income in excess of $238,500 (making it the ninth most affluent, per that metric).

neg: San Marcos, California San Marcos is a city in the North County region of San Diego County in the U.S. state of California. As of the 2010 census, the city's population was 83,781. It is the site of California State University San Marcos. The city is bordered by Escondido to the east, Encinitas to the southwest, Carlsbad to the west, and Vista to the northwest. Lake San Marcos is an enclave, or county island, in the southwestern part of the city, within San Marcos' sphere of influence but technically an unincorporated community.

neg: Johnson City, Tennessee Johnson City is a city in Washington, Carter, and Sullivan counties in the U.S. state of Tennessee, with most of the city being in Washington County. As of the 2010 census, the population of Johnson City was 63,152, and by 2015 the estimated population was 66,027, making it the ninth-largest city in the state.

neg: Platte City, Missouri Platte City is a city in Platte County, Missouri, along the Little Platte River. The population was 4,691 at the 2010 census. It is the county seat of Platte County.

neg: Coldwater, Michigan Coldwater is a city in the U.S. state of Michigan. As of the 2010 census, the city population was 10,945. It is the county seat of Branch County, located in the center of the southern border of Michigan.

neg: Waterloo, Iowa Waterloo is a city in and the county seat of Black Hawk County, Iowa, United States. As of the 2010 United States Census the population decreased by 0.5% to 68,406; a recent 2014 Census estimates the population at 68,364, making it the sixth-largest city in the state. Waterloo is part of the Waterloo – Cedar Falls Metropolitan Statistical Area, and is the more populous of the two cities.

neg: Shoreline, Washington Shoreline is a city in King County, Washington, United States, 9 mi north of Downtown Seattle bordering the northern Seattle city limits. As of the 2010 census, the population was 53,007, making it the 20th largest city in the state of Washington.

neg: Birmingham, Alabama Birmingham ( ) is the most populous city in the U.S. state of Alabama and the county seat of Jefferson County. The city's population was 212,237 in the 2010 United States Census. In the 2010 US Census, the Birmingham-Hoover Metropolitan Statistical Area had a population of about 1,128,047, which is approximately one-quarter of Alabama's population.

neg: Youngstown State University Youngstown State University (YSU), founded in 1908, is an urban research university located in Youngstown, Ohio, United States. As of fall 2010, there were 15,194 students and a student-faculty ratio of 19:1. The fall 2010 enrollment figure is the highest since 1990, when the number of students on campus was 15,454. Records show that 11,803 of the students are undergraduates. Beyond its current student body, YSU claims more than 94,000 alumni.

neg: Birmingham, Michigan Birmingham is a city on the north side of Metro Detroit in the U.S. state of Michigan. As of the 2010 census, the population was 20,103.

neg: Campbellsville, Kentucky Campbellsville is a home rule-class city in and the county seat of Taylor County, Kentucky, United States. The population within city limits was 10,604 at the 2010 U.S. census. It is the site of Campbellsville University, a private institution. On the border is Green River Lake, established for flood control and now the center of a popular park.

neg: Titusville, Florida Titusville is a city in and the county seat of Brevard County, Florida, United States. The city's population was 43,761 as of the 2010 United States Census.

neg: Norwich, New York Norwich is a city in Chenango County, New York, United States. Surrounded on all sides by the town of Norwich, the city is the county seat of Chenango County. The name is taken from Norwich, England. Its population was 7,190 at the 2010 census.

neg: Morrow, Georgia Morrow is a city in Clayton County, Georgia, United States. The population was 6,445 at the 2010 census, up from 4,882 in 2000. It is the home of Clayton State University.

neg: Dayton, Ohio Dayton ( ) is the sixth-largest city in the state of Ohio and is the county seat of Montgomery County. A small portion of the city extends into Greene County. In the 2010 census, the population was 141,527, and the Dayton metropolitan area had 799,232 residents, making it Ohio's fourth-largest metropolitan area, after Cleveland, Cincinnati, and Columbus and the 63rd-largest in the United States. The Dayton-Springfield-Greenville Combined Statistical Area had a population of 1,080,044 in 2010, making it the 43rd-largest in the United States. Dayton is within Ohio's Miami Valley region, just north of the Cincinnati–Northern Kentucky metropolitan area.

neg: University Park, Iowa University Park is a city in Mahaska County, Iowa, United States. The population was 487 at the 2010 census. The city is named for Central Holiness University.

neg: Jacksonville, Alabama Jacksonville is a city in Calhoun County, Alabama, United States. As of the 2010 census the population was 12,548, which is a 49% increase since 2000. It is included in the Anniston-Oxford Metropolitan Statistical Area. Jacksonville State University is located here, which is a center of commerce and one of the largest employers in the area.

neg: Athens, Ohio Athens is a city in and the county seat of Athens County, Ohio, United States. It is located along the Hocking River in the southeastern part of Ohio. A historic college town, Athens is home to Ohio University(home of about 30,000 students in Athens, and is the principal city of the Athens, Ohio Micropolitan Statistical Area. The official population of Athens in the 2010 U.S. Census was 23,832.

neg: Hays, Kansas Hays is a city in and the county seat of Ellis County, Kansas, United States. The largest city in northwestern Kansas, it is the economic and cultural center of the region. It is also a college town, home to Fort Hays State University. As of the 2010 census, the city population was 20,510.

neg: Ferguson, Missouri Ferguson is a city in St. Louis County, Missouri, United States. It is part of the Greater St. Louis metropolitan area. The population was 21,203 at the 2010 census.


query: Which astronaut was born first Franco Malerba or Michael Foale?

pos: Franco Malerba Franco Egidio Malerba (born October 10, 1946, in Busalla, Metropolitan City of Genoa, Italy) is an astronaut. He was the first citizen of Italy to travel to space.

pos: Michael Foale Colin Michael Foale, CBE (born 6 January 1957) is a British-American astrophysicist and former NASA astronaut. He is a veteran of six Space Shuttle missions and extended missions on both Mir and the International Space Station. He was the first Briton to perform a space walk, and until 17 April 2008, he held the record for most time spent in space by a US citizen: 374 days, 11 hours, 19 minutes. He still holds the cumulative-time-in-space record for a UK citizen.

neg: SoloTrek XFV The SoloTrek XFV (Exo-skeletal Flying Vehicle) was a single-person VTOL aircraft. It was first flown in December 2001 by Millennium Jet Inc, a private company run by Michael Moshier. Millennium Jet subsequently changed its name to Trek Aerospace Inc. The SoloTrek pilot maintained a standing position and was propelled by two ducted fans located above and on either side of the user, leading some to class it as a type of backpack helicopter. It ran for around 2 hours on gasoline fuel. According to Michael Moshier, its inventor and designer, SoloTrek was capable of hovering for up to two hours, flying at 100 km/h and travelling more than 200 km.

neg: Franco Franchi Franco Franchi (born Francesco Benenato, 18 September 1928 – 9 December 1992) was an Italian comedian.

neg: Joseph M. Acaba Joseph Michael "Joe" Acaba (born May 17, 1967) is an educator, hydrogeologist, and NASA astronaut. In May 2004 he became the first person of Puerto Rican heritage to be named as a NASA astronaut candidate, when he was selected as a member of NASA Astronaut Training Group 19. He completed his training on February 10, 2006 and was assigned to STS-119, which flew from March 15 to March 28, 2009 to deliver the final set of solar arrays to the International Space Station. Acaba served as a Flight Engineer aboard the International Space Station, having launched on May 15, 2012. He arrived at the space station on May 17 and returned to Earth on September 17, 2012 at 6:53am Moscow Standard Time when touchdown was officially recorded by the Russian Federal Space Agency. Acaba returned to the International Space Station in 2017 as a member of Expedition 53/54.

neg: Michael Delisle Michael Delisle (born 1959 in Longueuil) is a Canadian writer from Quebec. He is a two-time nominee for the Governor General's Award for French-language fiction, for "Le sort de fille" at the 2006 Governor General's Awards and for "Le Feu de mon père" at the 2014 Governor General's Awards, and won the Grand prix du livre de Montréal in 2014 for "Le Feu de mon père". He also received the Prix Émile-Nelligan for "Fontainebleau" in 1987 and the Prix Adrienne-Choquette for "Le sort de Fille" in 2005.

neg: John Herrington John Bennett Herrington (born September 14, 1958 in Chickasaw Nation) is a retired United States Naval Aviator and former NASA astronaut. In 2002, Herrington became the first enrolled member of a Native American tribe to fly in space.

neg: Ivan Bella Ivan Bella (born 25 May 1964 in Brezno, Czechoslovakia (now Slovakia)) is a Slovak Air Force officer who became the first Slovak citizen to fly in space. He participated in an eight-day joint Russian-French-Slovak mission to the Mir space station in 1999.

neg: Charles Bassett Charles Arthur "Charlie" Bassett II (December 30, 1931 – February 28, 1966), (Capt, USAF), was an American electrical engineer and United States Air Force test pilot. He was selected as a NASA astronaut in 1963 and assigned to "Gemini 9", but died in an airplane crash during training for his first spaceflight.

neg: Pascal Chretien Pascal Chrétien (born 7 April 1968) is a French-Australian commercial helicopter pilot and engineer with degrees in electronics and aerospace who designed, built and test flew the world’s first manned electric helicopter the Solution F/Chretien Helicopter on 12 August 2011. The helicopter, built for the French company Solution F, set a "Guinness World Record" and received the "IDTechEx Electric Vehicles Land Sea & Air" award.

neg: James Irwin James Benson "Jim" Irwin (March 17, 1930 – August 8, 1991) (Col, USAF) was an American astronaut, aeronautical engineer, test pilot, and a United States Air Force pilot. He served as lunar module pilot for Apollo 15, the fourth human lunar landing. He was the eighth person to walk on the Moon and the first, and youngest, of those astronauts to die.

neg: STS-41-G STS-41-G was the 13th flight of NASA's Space Shuttle program and the sixth flight of Space Shuttle "Challenger". "Challenger" launched on 5 October 1984, and conducted the second shuttle landing at Kennedy Space Center on 13 October. It was the first shuttle mission to carry a crew of seven, including the first crew with two women (Sally Ride and Kathryn Sullivan), the first American EVA involving a woman (Sullivan), the first Australian-born person to journey into space and the first astronaut with a beard (Paul Scully-Power) and the first Canadian astronaut (Marc Garneau).

neg: Michael Carroll (space artist) Michael W. Carroll is an award-winning astronomical artist and science writer. His art has appeared in magazines such as "TIME", "National Geographic", and "Astronomy", and has flown aboard the Russian space station "Mir" and NASA's Phoenix Mars lander. He is also a founding member of the International Association of Astronomical Artists.

neg: Michael Raynor (actor) Michael Raynor, is an American actor, director and writer. His best known roles are as Joseph Morgan in "ER (TV series)", Apollo 15 Astronaut Al Worden in "From the Earth to the Moon", Mick in the movie "A Brother's Kiss" and Frank in the movie "Federal Hill."

neg: Ricardo Peralta y Fabi Ricardo Peralta y Fabi (born August 15, 1950) is a Mexican mechanical engineer and former astronaut trainee who was a backup for astronaut Rodolfo Neri Vela on STS-61-B. Peralta was one of three people selected among 400 applicants to the Mexican space program.

neg: Michael J. Adams Michael James "Mike" Adams (May 5, 1930 – November 15, 1967), (Maj, USAF), was an American aviator, aeronautical engineer, and USAF astronaut. He was the first American space mission fatality, according to the United States definition.

neg: Apollo 11 Apollo 11 was the spaceflight that landed the first two humans on the Moon. Mission commander Neil Armstrong and pilot Buzz Aldrin, both American, landed the lunar module "Eagle" on July 20, 1969, at 20:18 UTC. Armstrong became the first to step onto the lunar surface six hours after landing on July 21 at 02:56:15 UTC; Aldrin joined him about 20 minutes later. They spent about two and a quarter hours together outside the spacecraft, and collected 47.5 lb of lunar material to bring back to Earth. Michael Collins piloted the command module "Columbia" alone in lunar orbit while they were on the Moon's surface. Armstrong and Aldrin spent just under a day on the lunar surface before rejoining "Columbia" in lunar orbit.

neg: Christopher C. Kraft Jr. Christopher Columbus "Chris" Kraft Jr. (born February 28, 1924) is an American aerospace engineer and retired NASA engineer and manager who was instrumental in establishing the agency's Mission Control operation. Following his graduation from Virginia Tech in 1944, Kraft was hired by the National Advisory Committee for Aeronautics (NACA), the predecessor organization to the National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA). He worked for over a decade in aeronautical research before being asked in 1958 to join the Space Task Group, a small team entrusted with the responsibility of putting America's first man in space. Assigned to the flight operations division, Kraft became NASA's first flight director. He was on duty during such historic missions as America's first manned spaceflight, first manned orbital flight, and first spacewalk.

neg: Andrew J. Feustel Andrew Jay "Drew" Feustel ( ; born August 25, 1965) is an American geophysicist and a NASA astronaut. His first spaceflight in May 2009, STS-125, lasted just under 13 days. This was a mission with six other astronauts to repair the Hubble Space Telescope, aboard Space Shuttle "Atlantis". Feustel performed three spacewalks during the mission. Following several years working as a geophysicist, Feustel was selected as an astronaut candidate by NASA in July 2000. His second spaceflight was STS-134, which launched on May 16, 2011 and landed on June 1, 2011; that mission was the penultimate Space Shuttle flight.

neg: Andreas Mogensen Andreas Enevold Mogensen (born November 2, 1976) is a Danish engineer and astronaut. He was the first Dane to fly in space as part of the "iriss" programme.

neg: Michael D. Reynolds Michael D. Reynolds (born 1954) is a Professor of Astronomy and served as the Dean of Mathematics & Natural Sciences and Professor of Astronomy at Florida State College in Jacksonville, Florida. Reynolds is perhaps best known for his astronomy and science education efforts, from the classroom to informal education to astronomy and space exploration outreach.

neg: Franco Cavallo Franco Cavallo (born October 26, 1932) is an Italian competitive sailor and Olympic medalist. He won a bronze medal in the Star class at the 1968 Summer Olympics in Mexico City in team with Camillo Gargano.


query: The father of Charlotte Lee, Countess of Lichfield, was the king of what countries?

pos: Charlotte Lee, Countess of Lichfield Charlotte Lee, Countess of Lichfield (5 September 1664 – 17 February 1718), formerly Lady Charlotte Fitzroy, was the illegitimate daughter of King Charles II of England by one of his best known mistresses, Barbara Villiers, 1st Duchess of Cleveland.

pos: Charles II of England Charles II (29 May 1630 – 6 February 1685) was king of England, Scotland and Ireland. He was king of Scotland from 1649 until his deposition in 1651, and king of England, Scotland and Ireland from the restoration of the monarchy in 1660 until his death.

neg: George II of Great Britain George II (George Augustus; German: "Georg II. August" ; 30 October / 9 November 1683  – 25 October 1760) was King of Great Britain and Ireland, Duke of Brunswick-Lüneburg (Hanover) and Prince-elector of the Holy Roman Empire from 11 June 1727 (O.S.) until his death.

neg: Charlotte of France Charlotte of France (23 October 1516 – 18 September 1524) was the second child and second daughter of King Francis I and his wife Claude.

neg: Anne Stafford, Countess of Huntingdon Anne Hastings, Countess of Huntingdon ("née" Lady Anne Stafford) (c. 1483–1544) was the daughter of Henry Stafford, 2nd Duke of Buckingham, and Lady Katherine Woodville. She was the wife of Sir Walter Herbert, and George Hastings, 1st Earl of Huntingdon, and served in the household of King Henry VIII's daughter, Princess Mary, the future Queen Mary I.

neg: Richard II of England Richard II (6 January 1367 – c. 14 February 1400), also known as Richard of Bordeaux, was King of England from 1377 until he was deposed on 30 September 1399. Richard, a son of Edward, the Black Prince, was born in Bordeaux during the reign of his grandfather, Edward III. His father was Prince of Aquitaine. Richard was the younger brother of Edward of Angoulême, upon whose death Richard, at three years of age, became second in line to the throne after his father. Upon the death of Richard's father prior to the death of Edward III, Richard, by primogeniture, became the heir apparent to the throne. With Edward III's death the following year, Richard succeeded to the throne at the age of ten.

neg: Thomas Howard, 2nd Duke of Norfolk Thomas Howard, 2nd Duke of Norfolk (1443 – 21 May 1524), styled Earl of Surrey from 1483 to 1485 and again from 1489 to 1514, was an English nobleman and politician. He was the only son of John Howard, 1st Duke of Norfolk, by his first wife, Katherine Moleyns. The Duke was the grandfather of both Queen Anne Boleyn and Queen Catherine Howard and the great grandfather of Queen Elizabeth I. He served four monarchs as a soldier and statesman.

neg: Robert, King of Naples Robert of Anjou (Italian: "Roberto d'Angiò" ), known as Robert the Wise (Italian: "Roberto il Saggio" ; 1275 – 20 January 1343), was King of Naples, titular King of Jerusalem and Count of Provence and Forcalquier from 1309 to 1343, the central figure of Italian politics of his time. He was the third son of King Charles II of Naples and Maria of Hungary, and during his father's lifetime he was styled Duke of Calabria (1296–1309).

neg: Duke of Beaufort Duke of Beaufort, a title in the Peerage of England, was created by Charles II in 1682 for Henry Somerset, 3rd Marquess of Worcester, a descendant of Charles Somerset, 1st Earl of Worcester, legitimized son of Henry Beaufort, 3rd Duke of Somerset, a Lancastrian leader in the Wars of the Roses. The name "Beaufort" refers to a castle in Champagne, France (now Montmorency-Beaufort). It is the only current dukedom to take its name from a place outside the British Isles.

neg: Princess Sophie of the Netherlands Princess Sophie of the Netherlands (Wilhelmine Marie Sophie Louise; 8 April 1824 – 23 March 1897) was the only daughter and last surviving child of King William II of the Netherlands and of his wife Grand Duchess Anna Pavlovna of Russia. She was heir presumptive to her niece, Queen Wilhelmina of the Netherlands, for seven years, from the death of her brother until her own death.

neg: Edmund Tudor, 1st Earl of Richmond Edmund Tudor, 1st Earl of Richmond (11 June 1430 – 3 November 1456), also known as Edmund of Hadham (Welsh: "Edmwnd Tudur"), was the father of King Henry VII of England and a member of the Tudor family of Penmynydd, North Wales. Born to Owen Tudor and the dowager queen Catherine of Valois, Edmund was half-brother to Henry VI of England. After being raised for several years by Katherine de la Pole, Henry took an interest in Edmund's upbringing. Once he came to age, Edmund was granted a title and lands by Henry. Both Edmund and his brother Jasper, were each made advisers to the King as they were his remaining blood relatives.

neg: Princess Cecilia of Sweden Cecilia of Sweden, (Swedish: "Cecilia Gustavsdotter Vasa") (16 November 1540 in Stockholm – 27 January 1627 in Brussels), was Princess of Sweden as the daughter of King Gustav I and his second queen, Margaret Leijonhufvud, and Margravine of Baden-Rodemachern through marriage with Christopher II, Margrave of Baden-Rodemachern. She is the most famous of the daughters of Gustav Vasa, known for a courtship scandal in connection with a sister's wedding and for a lengthy stay in England under Elizabeth I where her first child was born.

neg: Charles Schomberg, 2nd Duke of Schomberg Charles Schomberg, 2nd Duke of Schomberg ('s-Hertogenbosch, 5 August 1645 – Turin, 17 October 1693) was a general in the Prussian, Dutch and British Army, the second in the Von Schonberg line to be Duke of Schomberg, a title in the Peerage of England. His father was Frederick, the First Duke, and his brother and heir was Meinhardt, the Third and Last Duke.

neg: Duke Charles Louis Frederick of Mecklenburg Duke Charles Louis Frederick of Mecklenburg, Prince of Mirow (German: "Herzog Carl Ludwig Friedrich zu Mecklenburg, Prinz von Mirow" ; 23 February 1708 – 5 June 1752) was a member of the House of Mecklenburg-Strelitz and the father of Queen Charlotte of the United Kingdom and Queen of Hanover.

neg: Geoffrey Plantagenet, Count of Anjou Geoffrey V (24 August 1113 – 7 September 1151) — called the Handsome or the Fair (French: "le Bel" ) and Plantagenet — was the Count of Anjou, Touraine, and Maine by inheritance from 1129 and then Duke of Normandy by conquest from 1144. By his marriage to the Empress Matilda, daughter and heiress of Henry I of England, Geoffrey had a son, Henry Curtmantle, who succeeded to the English throne as King Henry II (1154-1189) and was the first of the Plantagenet dynasty to rule England; the name "Plantagenet" was taken from Geoffrey's epithet. His ancestral domain of Anjou gave rise to the name Angevin for three kings of England (Henry II his son and heir, and Henry's sons Richard and John), and what became known as the Angevin Empire in the 12th century.

neg: Anne Brandon, Baroness Grey of Powys Lady Anne Brandon, Baroness Grey of Powys (c. 1507 – January 1558) was an English noblewoman, and the eldest daughter of Charles Brandon, 1st Duke of Suffolk by his second wife, Anne Browne. Anne's mother had died in 1511. In 1514, Anne's father secured a place for her at the court of Archduchess Margaret of Savoy. While Anne was abroad, her father married Mary Tudor, the widowed Queen consort of Louis XII of France and the youngest sister of Henry VIII.

neg: Marie Thérèse of France Marie-Thérèse Charlotte of France (19 December 1778 – 19 October 1851), "Madame Royale", was the eldest child of Louis XVI and Marie Antoinette, and the only one to reach adulthood (her siblings all dying before the age of 11). She was married to Louis Antoine, Duke of Angoulême, who was the eldest son of the future Charles X, her father's younger brother; thus the bride and groom were also first cousins.

neg: Louis of Cyprus Louis of Savoy (Italian: "Ludovico" ; 5 June 1436 or 1 April 1437 – August 1482) was King of Cyprus, reigning together with and in the right of his wife, Charlotte. He was the second son and namesake of Louis, Duke of Savoy, and his wife Anne, daughter of King Janus of Cyprus. He was born in Geneva.

neg: Sir Thomas Parr Sir Thomas Parr (c. 1483 – 11 November 1517) was an English knight, courtier and Lord of the Manor of Kendal in Westmorland (now Cumbria) during the Tudor period. He is best known as the father of Catherine Parr, queen consort of England and the sixth and final wife of King Henry VIII.

neg: Gustavus Adolphus of Sweden Gustav II Adolf (9 December 1594 – 6 November 1632, O.S.), widely known in English by his Latinised name Gustavus Adolphus or as Gustav II Adolph, was the King of Sweden from 1611 to 1632 and is credited as the founder of Sweden as a Great Power (Swedish: "Stormaktstiden" ). He led Sweden to military supremacy during the Thirty Years' War, helping to determine the political as well as the religious balance of power in Europe. He was formally and posthumously given the name Gustavus Adolphus the Great (Swedish: "Gustav Adolf den store" , Latin: "Gustavus Adolphus Magnus" ) by the Riksdag of the Estates in 1634.

neg: Charlotte Du Rietz Charlotta "Charlotte" du Riez or Du Rietz, née De Geer (1744–1820) was a Swedish baroness, known as a love object of King Gustav III. It is unknown whether or not she was ever physically involved with the monarch.

neg: Sophia of Hanover Sophia of the Palatinate (commonly referred to as Sophia of Hanover; 14 October 1630 – 8 June 1714) was the Electress of Hanover from 1692 to 1698. As a granddaughter of James VI and I, she became heir presumptive to the crowns of the Kingdom of England and the Kingdom of Ireland under the Act of Settlement 1701. After the Acts of Union 1707, she became heir presumptive to the unified throne of the Kingdom of Great Britain. She died less than two months before she would have become queen, and her claim to the throne passed on to her eldest son, George Louis, Elector of Hanover, who ascended as George I on 1 August 1714 (Old Style).


query: An American theoretical physicist who worked in particle physics and cosmology, she was also known as the Frank B. Baird, Jr., was a former guest on a podcast that was described as "a think tank promoting science, reason, and secular values in public policy and at the grass roots"; when was that podcast started?

pos: Point of Inquiry Point of Inquiry is the radio show and flagship podcast of the Center for Inquiry (CFI), "a think tank promoting science, reason, and secular values in public policy and at the grass roots". Started in 2005, "Point of Inquiry" has consistently been ranked among the best science podcasts available in iTunes. It has been celebrated for its guests and for the quality of its interviews. Former guests include leading scientists, writers and public intellectuals such as Neil DeGrasse Tyson, Paul Krugman, Lisa Randall, Brian Greene, Oliver Sacks, Susan Jacoby, David Brin and Temple Grandin.

pos: Lisa Randall Lisa Randall (born June 18, 1962) is an American theoretical physicist working in particle physics and cosmology. She is the Frank B. Baird, Jr. Professor of Science on the physics faculty of Harvard University. Her research includes elementary particles, fundamental forces and extra dimensions of space. She studies the Standard Model, supersymmetry, possible solutions to the hierarchy problem concerning the relative weakness of gravity, cosmology of extra dimensions, baryogenesis, cosmological inflation, and dark matter. She contributed to the Randall–Sundrum model, first published in 1999 with Raman Sundrum.

neg: Freedom From Religion Foundation The Freedom From Religion Foundation (FFRF) is an American non-profit organization based in Madison, Wisconsin with members from all 50 states. The largest national organization advocating for non-theists, FFRF promotes the separation of church and state and educates the public on matters relating to atheism, agnosticism, and nontheism. The FFRF publishes a newspaper, "Freethought Today" 10 times a year. Since 2006, as the Freethought Radio Network, FFRF has produced the "Freethought Radio" show.

neg: Food Tank Food Tank: A Food Think Tank, is a 501(c)(3) non-profit organization founded in 2013 by Danielle Nierenberg and Ellen Gustafson to reform the food system. Its goal is to highlight environmentally, socially, and economically sustainable ways of alleviating hunger, obesity, and poverty.

neg: Ellen Brown Ellen Hodgson Brown is an American author, political candidate, attorney, public speaker, and advocate of alternative medicine and financial reform, most prominently public banking. Brown is the founder and president of the Public Banking Institute, a nonpartisan think tank devoted to the creation of publicly run banks. She is also the president of Third Millennium Press, and is the author of twelve books, including "Web of Debt" and "The Public Bank Solution", as well as over 200 published articles. She has appeared on cable and network television, radio, and internet podcasts, including a discussion on the Fox Business Network concerning student loan debt with the Cato Institute's Neil McCluskey, a feature story on derivatives and debt on the Russian network RT, and the Thom Hartmann Show's "Conversations with Great Minds." Ellen Brown ran for California Treasurer in the California June 2014 Statewide Primary election.

neg: Left, Right & Center Left, Right, & Center is a weekly hour-long public radio program that provides a "civilized yet provocative antidote to the screaming talking heads that dominate political debate". The program is also distributed as a political podcast. The show's regular co-hosts are the following:

neg: Aron Ra Aron Ra (born October 15, 1962) is the former president of the Atheist Alliance of America, the host of the "Ra-Men Podcast", a public speaker, video producer, blogger, and vlogger. He is also the former Texas state-director of the American Atheists.

neg: Kyle Kulinski Kyle Kulinski (born January 31, 1988) is an American talk show host, a social democratic commentator and the co-founder of Justice Democrats. He is the host of the internet show Secular Talk.

neg: Dana Stevens (critic) Dana Shawn Stevens (born June 30, 1966) is a movie critic at "Slate" magazine. She is also a regular on the magazine's weekly cultural podcast the "Culture Gabfest".

neg: Cara Santa Maria Cara Louise Santa Maria (born October 19, 1983) is an American science communicator, journalist, producer, television host, and podcaster.

neg: The Mark Levin Show The Mark Levin Show is a conservative talk radio show hosted by Mark Levin. The program is broadcast nationwide on Westwood One and reaches an estimated seven million weekly listeners, according to an estimate from "Talkers Magazine". The "Talkers" estimate puts Levin's listenership in a tie with "The Glenn Beck Radio Program" for fourth most-listened-to talk radio show in the United States and, counting all radio formats, tied for ninth most-listened-to radio program in the United States.

neg: StarTalk (2015 TV series) StarTalk is an American talk show hosted by Neil deGrasse Tyson that airs weekly on National Geographic. "StarTalk" is a spin-off of the podcast of the same name, in which Tyson discusses scientific topics through one-on-one interviews and panel discussions. Space.com called it the "first-ever science-themed late-night talk show." The series premiered on April 20, 2015.

neg: Bethenny (talk show) Bethenny is an American syndicated talk show that was hosted by Bethenny Frankel, who also served as co-producer and creator with Ellen DeGeneres. The series debuted as a summer test run on June 11, 2012 on six stations owned by Fox Television Stations. It premiered nationwide across the United States and Canada starting on September 9, 2013.

neg: Bloggingheads.tv Bloggingheads.tv (sometimes abbreviated "bhtv") is a political, world events, philosophy, and science video blog discussion site in which the participants take part in an active back and forth conversation via webcam which is then broadcast online to viewers. The site was started by the journalist Robert Wright ("The Evolution of God", "", "The Moral Animal" ) and the blogger and journalist Mickey Kaus on November 1, 2005. (Kaus has since dropped out of operational duties of the site as he didn't want his frequent linking to be seen as a conflict of interest.) Most of the earlier discussions posted to the site involved one or both of those individuals, but since has grown to include a total of over one thousand individual contributors, mostly journalists, academics, scientists, authors, well known political bloggers, and other notable individuals.

neg: Thomas Woods Thomas Ernest Woods Jr. (born August 1, 1972) is an American historian, political commentator, author, and podcaster. Woods is a "New York Times" Best-Selling author and has published twelve books. He has written extensively on subjects including the history of the United States, Catholicism, contemporary politics, and economics. Although not an economist himself, Woods is a proponent of the Austrian School of economics. He hosts two podcasts, "The Tom Woods Show" and "Contra Krugman".

neg: Rebecca D. Costa Rebecca Dazai Costa (born April 11, 1955) is an American sociobiologist, author, and radio host She is best known for her controversial book, "The Watchman's Rattle", which offers an evolutionary explanation for modern problems such as government gridlock, terrorism, obesity, the decline in education, violence, etc. National Public Radio's "EarthSky" said, "Rebecca Costa is a sociobiologist who spots and explains emerging trends in relationship to human evolution, global markets, and new technologies." Costa is an authority on biological imperatives which frequently drive economic, political and social agendas. She has been featured in "The New York Times", "USA Today", "Washington Post", "Larry King Live", etc.

neg: Brooke Gladstone Brooke Gladstone is an American journalist, author and media analyst. She is co-host (with Bob Garfield) and managing editor of the WNYC radio program "On the Media", and has been a contributor to "The Washington Post", "The Boston Globe", "The Observer", and "Slate". Gladstone lectures at universities and conferences and has appeared on PBS's "Bill Moyers Journal" and CNN's "Reliable Sources" (and once filled in for Charlie Rose on PBS's "Charlie Rose Show".) She is widely quoted as an expert on press trends.

neg: Science Fantastic with Michio Kaku Science Fantastic with Michio Kaku is a science-related radio program hosted by theoretical physicist Professor Michio Kaku. The show airs on Saturdays from 17:00 EST to 20:00 EST on several over-the-air radio stations as well as several digital formats such as SiriusXM radio. The show can also be accessed as a podcast from iTunes. The show covers a variety of science related topics, often with a futurist point of view. Guests are often interviewed and several listener calls are answered during most broadcasts. The show has received mostly positive reviews on iTunes.

neg: Juliette Kayyem Juliette N. Kayyem (born August 16, 1969) is an American author and host of the WGBH podcast "The SCIF". She serves as a national security analyst for CNN and is a weekly guest on Boston Public Radio. She is the Belfer Lecturer in International Security at the John F. Kennedy School of Government at Harvard, a member of Secretary Jeh Johnson’s Homeland Security Advisory Council, and a member of the Council on Foreign Relations and the Pacific Council on International Policy. She is a former candidate for Governor of Massachusetts and a former Boston Globe columnist, writing about issues of national security and foreign affairs for the op-ed page.

neg: Project Steve Project Steve is a list of scientists with the given name Stephen/Steven or a variation thereof (e.g., Stephanie, Stefan, Esteban, etc.) who "support evolution". It was originally created by the National Center for Science Education as a "tongue-in-cheek parody" of creationist attempts to collect a list of scientists who "doubt evolution," such as the Answers in Genesis' list of scientists who accept the biblical account of the Genesis creation narrative or the Discovery Institute's "A Scientific Dissent From Darwinism". The list pokes fun at such endeavors to make it clear that, "We did not wish to mislead the public into thinking that scientific issues are decided by who has the longer list of scientists!" It also honors Stephen Jay Gould.

neg: List of The Big Bang Theory episodes "The Big Bang Theory" is an American comedy television series created and executively produced by Chuck Lorre and Bill Prady. Like the name of the series itself (with the exception of the first episode "Pilot"), episode titles of "The Big Bang Theory" always start with ""The"" and resemble the name of a scientific principle, theory or experiment, whimsically referencing a plot point or quirk that is stated in that episode.

neg: Pamela L. Gay Pamela L. Gay (born December 12, 1973) is an American astronomer, educator, podcaster, and writer, best known for her work in astronomical podcasting and citizen science astronomy projects. She is the Director of Technology and Citizen Science for the Astronomical Society of the Pacific. Her research interests include analysis of astronomy data, as well as examination of the impact of citizen science initiatives. Gay has also appeared as herself in various television documentary series.


query: Kosciuszko National Park is part of the town that is situated at what elevation?

pos: Kosciuszko National Park Kosciuszko National Park covers 6900 km2 and contains mainland Australia's highest peak, Mount Kosciuszko, for which it is named, and Cabramurra the highest town in Australia. Its borders contain a mix of rugged mountains and wilderness, characterised by an alpine climate, which makes it popular with recreational skiers and bushwalkers.

pos: Cabramurra, New South Wales Cabramurra was the third highest permanently inhabited town on the Australian continent, situated at 1,488m (only 82m lower than Dinner Plain in Victoria, and 272m lower than Charlotte Pass Village in NSW) AHD (4,880 ft) in the western Snowy Mountains of the Great Dividing Range, in the state of New South Wales. The last residents are schedule to leave the town in January 2018 with the current workforce housed being replaced with drive-in/drive-out staff. The name "Cabramurra" may be derived from Wiradjuri "gambirra marra", meaning "crooked hand".

neg: Mount Eliza, Victoria Mount Eliza is a seaside town on the Mornington Peninsula, Victoria, Australia. It is in the local government area of the Shire of Mornington Peninsula.

neg: Bundarra, New South Wales Bundarra is a small town on the Northern Tablelands of New South Wales, Australia. The town is located on Thunderbolts Way and on the banks of the Gwydir River, in the Uralla Shire local government area, 563 kilometres (350 mi) kilometres from the state capital, Sydney. At the 2011 census , Bundarra had a population of 404 and the surrounding area had 805 persons.

neg: Wandiligong Wandiligong is a town in north-eastern Victoria, Australia. The town is located on Morses Creek and in the Alpine Shire local government area, 6 km south of Bright and 330 km north east of the state capital, Melbourne. At the 2011 census , Wandiligong had a population of 296.

neg: Mount Burnett, Victoria Mount Burnett is a small country town and bounded locality located approximately 72 km from Melbourne, in Victoria, Australia. The town has no post office or town centre. Most of the town is either farmland or rural housing. The town shares its postcode (3781) with neighbouring town Cockatoo. Mount Burnett is located in the Shire of Cardinia.

neg: Hat Head, New South Wales Hat Head is a coastal town on the eastern mid north Coast of New South Wales, 459 kilometres north of Sydney, Australia, and in the Hat Head National Park. At the 2011 census, Hat Head had a population of 326 people.

neg: Moss Vale, New South Wales Moss Vale is a town in the Southern Highlands of New South Wales, Australia, in the Wingecarribee Shire. At the 2016 census , it has a population of 8,579 and is sited on the Illawarra Highway, which connects to Wollongong and the Illawarra coast via Macquarie Pass.

neg: Springbrook, Queensland Springbrook is a mountain and plateau in the Gold Coast hinterland of South East Queensland, Australia. It is also the name of the associated town and locality within the City of Gold Coast. The highest point, known as Springbrook Mountain is 990 m high. The plateau is covered in subtropical rainforest and crossed by many small creeks. The area has excellent views to the Gold Coast and is known for its cliffs, waterfalls and forest walks, most of which are protected in the Springbrook National Park.

neg: Brooklyn, New South Wales Brooklyn is a town on the upper north shore of Sydney, in the state of New South Wales, Australia, in the local government area of Hornsby Shire. Hornsby Council is currently developing a 'Brooklyn Master Plan' to provide for further improvement of the amenities in the area. It is part of The County of Cumberland, in which Sydney city is located.

neg: Inverell Inverell is a town in northern New South Wales, Australia, situated on the Macintyre River, close to the Queensland border. It is also the centre of Inverell Shire. Inverell is located on the Gwydir Highway on the western slopes of the Northern Tablelands. It has a temperate climate. In the 2011 census , the population of Inverell was 9,347.

neg: Wollar Wollar is a town in New South Wales, Australia. The town is located 316 km north west of the state capital Sydney and 48 km north east of the regional centre of Mudgee, near the Goulburn River National Park. At the 2006 census , Wollar and the surrounding region had a population of 304.

neg: Charlotte Pass, New South Wales Charlotte Pass (often erroneously referred to as Charlotte's Pass), elevation 1837 m , is a location, snow resort and village in the Snowy Mountains of New South Wales, Australia. The pass is located in the Kosciuszko National Park where the Kosciuszko Road crosses Kangaroo Ridge. Charlotte Pass is the closest village to Mount Kosciuszko.

neg: CSIRO Hut CSIRO Hut , also known as the Rabbiters Hut, is an Australian alpine hut in the Kosciuszko National Park.

neg: Mount Stromlo Mount Stromlo (formerly Mount Strom ) is a mountain with an elevation of 770 m   that is situated in the Weston Creek district of Canberra, in the Australian Capital Territory, Australia. The mountain is most notable as the location of the Mount Stromlo Observatory. The mountain forms part of the catchment area of the Cotter River which in turn is the primary water supply for Canberra.

neg: Brisbane Ranges National Park The Brisbane Ranges National Park is a national park in the Barwon South West region of Victoria, Australia, The 7718 ha national park is situated approximately 80 km west of Melbourne near the town of Meredith and is managed by Parks Victoria. The park covers part of the Brisbane Ranges, an area of hills of moderate elevation.

neg: Colo, New South Wales Colo is a small town located north-west of Sydney in New South Wales, Australia. It is home to the Colo River and parts of the Wollemi National Park. The main road through Colo is Putty Road. The locality of Colo is bounded in the south and the east by the Hawkesbury River.

neg: Mareeba Mareeba is a town on the Atherton Tableland in Far North Queensland, Australia. The town is 417 m above sea level on the confluence of the Barron River, Granite Creek and Emerald Creek. It is within the local government area of Shire of Mareeba (between 2008 and 2013, it was within the Tablelands Region). The town's name is derived from an Aboriginal word meaning "meeting of the waters". In the 2011 census, Mareeba had a population of 10,181 people.

neg: Stanthorpe, Queensland Stanthorpe is a town situated in south east Queensland, Australia. The town lies on the New England Highway near the New South Wales border 223 km from Brisbane via Warwick, 56 km north of Tenterfield and 811 m above sea level. The area surrounding the town is known as the Granite Belt. At the 2011 census , Stanthorpe had a population of .

neg: Toogong, New South Wales Toogong is a town in the Central West region of New South Wales, Australia. The town is located in the Cabonne Shire local government area, 300 km west of the state capital, Sydney. At the 2006 census , Toogong had a population of 370.

neg: Parkes, New South Wales Parkes is a town in New South Wales, Australia. It is the main settlement in the local government area of Parkes Shire. Parkes had an urban population of 15,450 as at 30 June 2016.

neg: Kosciuszko Road The Kosciuszko Road is a road in the Snowy Mountains of New South Wales, Australia which runs from Pine Valley , to the ski resort of Charlotte Pass . It passes through the towns of Berridale and Jindabyne before entering Kosciuszko National Park. Within the national park it provides access to Smiggin Holes and Perisher Valley and Charlotte Pass ski resorts, and terminates just past the entry to the latter.


query: Benita Valente was lauded for her interpretations of which German, later British, baroque composer?

pos: Benita Valente Benita Valente (born October 19, 1934), is a distinguished American soprano whose long career has encompassed the operatic stage as well as performance of lieder, chamber music and oratorio. She is especially lauded for her interpretations of Mozart and Handel, but she also excelled in certain Verdi roles. "The New York Times" once referred to her "as gifted a singer as we have today, worldwide."

pos: George Frideric Handel George Frideric (or Frederick) Handel ( ; born Georg Friedrich Händel ] ; 23 February 1685 (O.S.) [(N.S.) 5 March] – 14 April 1759) was a German, later British, baroque composer who spent the bulk of his career in London, becoming well known for his operas, oratorios, anthems, and organ concertos. Handel received important training in Halle and worked as a composer in Hamburg and Italy before settling in London in 1712; he became a naturalised British subject in 1727. He was strongly influenced both by the great composers of the Italian Baroque and by the middle-German polyphonic choral tradition.

neg: Marie Wilt Marie Wilt (also Maria Vilda and Marie Liebenthaler) (30 January 1833 – 24 September 1891) was an Austrian dramatic coloratura soprano. Possessing a wide vocal range with a significant amount of power and flexibility, Wilt sang a wide repertoire that encompassed the operas of Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart, the German operas of Richard Wagner, the grand operas of Giuseppe Verdi, and the bel canto operas of Bellini, Rossini, and Donizetti. She sang for many years at the Vienna Hofoper (now Vienna State Opera) and for a number of seasons at the Royal Opera House, Covent Garden in London. She notably portrayed the role of Sulamith in the world premiere of Karl Goldmark's "Die Königin von Saba" in 1875. Also a regular performer of the concert repertoire, Wilt often appeared in performances of works by Beethoven, Haydn, and Mendelssohn.

neg: George Jeffreys (composer) George Jeffreys (ca. 16104 or 5 July 1685) was an English composer during the period that saw the introduction of the Italian "seconda pratica" to northern Europe.

neg: Johann Bernhard Bach the Younger Johann Bernhard Bach (the younger; to distinguish him from an older family member with the same name) (24 November 1700 – 12 June 1743) was a nephew of Johann Sebastian Bach. He was a German composer and organist.

neg: Roland Bocquet Roland Bocquet (3 June 1878 – 16 October 1956) was a British composer, pianist and teacher who for most of his career was based in the city of Dresden, and is chiefly associated with the composition of German Lieder. For the most part his work was rarely heard in Britain and he is now relatively unknown. In Germany, however, he had a limited but devoted following during his lifetime, and his music is still performed.

neg: Johann Ernst Eberlin Johann Ernst Eberlin (27 March 1702 – 19 June 1762) was a German composer and organist whose works bridge the baroque and classical eras. He was a prolific composer, chiefly of church organ and choral music. Marpurg claims he wrote as much and as rapidly as Alessandro Scarlatti and Georg Philipp Telemann, a claim also repeated by Leopold Mozart - though ultimately Eberlin did not live nearly as long as either of those two composers.

neg: John Alexander Fuller Maitland John Alexander Fuller Maitland (7 April 1856 – 30 March 1936) was an influential British music critic and scholar from the 1880s to the 1920s. He encouraged the rediscovery of English music of the 16th and 17th centuries, particularly Henry Purcell's music and English virginal music. He also propounded the notion of an English Musical Renaissance in the second half of the 19th century, particularly praising Charles Villiers Stanford and Hubert Parry.

neg: George Handford (composer) George Handford (1582–5 – 1647), was an English Baroque composer.

neg: Partita Partita (also "partie", "partia", "parthia", or "parthie") was originally the name for a single-instrumental piece of music (16th and 17th centuries), but Johann Kuhnau (Thomaskantor until 1722) and his successor Johann Sebastian Bach used it for collections of musical pieces, as a synonym for dance suite (see Bach Suites).

neg: Francesca Vanini-Boschi Francesca Vanini-Boschi (died 1744) was an Italian contralto singer of the 18th century. She is best remembered for her association with the composer George Frideric Handel, for whom she sang both in Italy and in London.

neg: Nicola Francesco Haym Nicola Francesco Haym (6 July 1678 – 31 July 1729) was an Italian opera librettist, composer, theatre manager and performer, and numismatist. He is best remembered for adapting texts into libretti for the London operas of George Frideric Handel and Giovanni Bononcini. Libretti that he provided for Handel included those for "Giulio Cesare", "Ottone", "Flavio", "Tamerlano", "Rodelinda", and several others; for Bononcini, he produced two, "Calfurnia" and "Astianatte".

neg: English Musical Renaissance The English Musical Renaissance was a hypothetical development in the late 19th and early 20th century, when British composers, often those lecturing or trained at the Royal College of Music, were said to have freed themselves from foreign musical influences, to have begun writing in a distinctively national idiom, and to have equalled the achievement of composers in mainland Europe. The idea gained considerable currency at the time, with support from prominent music critics, but from the latter part of the 20th century has been less widely propounded.

neg: Handel House Museum The Handel House Museum is a museum in Mayfair, London dedicated to the life and works of the German-born British baroque composer George Frideric Handel, who made his home in London in 1712 and eventually became a British citizen in 1727. Handel was the first occupant of 25 Brook Street, which he rented from 1723 until his death there in 1759. Almost all his works after 1723, amongst them many of his best-known operas, oratorios and ceremonial music, were composed and partially rehearsed in the house, which contained a variety of keyboard instruments, including harpsichords, a clavichord and a small chamber organ.

neg: Valeri Brainin Valeri Brainin (aka "Willi Brainin" and "Brainin-Passek", Russian: Валерий Борисович Брайнин "(Valeri Borissovich Brainin)" ] ] ] ), Russian/German musicologist, music manager, composer, and poet.

neg: Nicolaus Vetter Andreas Nicolaus Vetter (] ; October 1666 – 13 June 1734) was a German organist and composer.

neg: Violin concerto A violin concerto is a concerto for solo violin (occasionally, two or more violins) and instrumental ensemble, customarily orchestra. Such works have been written since the Baroque period, when the solo concerto form was first developed, up through the present day. Many major composers have contributed to the violin concerto repertoire, with the best known works including those by Bach, Bartók, Walton, Beethoven, Brahms, Bruch, Mendelssohn, Mozart, Paganini, Prokofiev, Shostakovich, Sibelius, Tchaikovsky, and Vivaldi.

neg: Brandenburg Concertos The Brandenburg Concertos by Johann Sebastian Bach (BWV 1046–1051, original title: Six Concerts à plusieurs instruments) are a collection of six instrumental works presented by Bach to Christian Ludwig, Margrave of Brandenburg-Schwedt, in 1721 (though probably composed earlier). They are widely regarded as some of the best orchestral compositions of the Baroque era.

neg: Duchess Maria Antonia of Bavaria Maria Antonia, Princess of Bavaria (18 July 1724 – 23 April 1780), Electress of Saxony, was a German composer, singer, harpsichordist and patron, known particularly for her operas "Il trionfo della fedeltà" (Dresden, summer 1754) and "Talestri, regina delle amazoni" (Nymphenburg Palace, February 6, 1760). She was also the Regent of Saxony in 1763-1768. Baptised "Maria Antonia Walpurgis Symphorosa", she was known as Maria Antonia.

neg: Girolamo Bartei Girolamo Bartei (c. 1570 - c. 1618) was an Italian composer of sacred music in the early Baroque.

neg: Nicola Matteis Nicola Matteis (Matheis) (fl. c. 1670 – after 1713) was the earliest notable Italian Baroque violinist in London, whom Roger North judged in retrospect "to have bin a second to Corelli," and a composer of significant popularity in his time, though he had been utterly forgotten until the later 20th century.

neg: Georg Joseph Vogler Georg Joseph Vogler, also known as Abbé Vogler (June 15, 1749 – May 6, 1814), was a German composer, organist, teacher and theorist. In a long and colorful career extending over many more nations and decades than was usual at the time, Vogler established himself as a foremost experimenter in baroque and early classic music. His greatest successes came as performer and designer for the organ at various courts and cities around Europe, as well as a teacher, attracting highly successful and devoted pupils such as Carl Maria von Weber. His career as a music theorist and composer however was mixed, with contemporaries such as Mozart believing Vogler to have been a charlatan. Despite his mixed reception in his own life, his highly-original contributions in many areas of music (particularly musicology and organ theory) and influence on his pupils endured, and combined with his eccentric and adventurous career, prompted one historian to summarize Vogler as "one of the most bizarre characters in the history of music".


query: Where did the holiday that falls on the day of the 2013 Sydney to Hobart Yacht Race originate?

pos: 2013 Sydney to Hobart Yacht Race The 2013 Sydney to Hobart Yacht Race, sponsored by Rolex, is the 69th annual running of the "blue water classic" Sydney to Hobart Yacht Race. As in past editions of the race, it is hosted by the Cruising Yacht Club of Australia based in Sydney, New South Wales. As with previous Sydney to Hobart Yacht Races, the 2013 edition began on Sydney Harbour, at 1pm on Boxing Day (26 December 2013), before heading south for 630 nautical miles (1,170 km) through the Tasman Sea, past Bass Strait, into Storm Bay and up the River Derwent, to cross the finish line in Hobart, Tasmania.

pos: Boxing Day Boxing Day is a holiday celebrated the day after Christmas Day. It originated in the United Kingdom, and is celebrated in a number of countries that previously formed part of the British Empire. Boxing Day is on 26 December, although the attached bank holiday or public holiday may take place either on that day or two days later.

neg: Public holidays in Tokelau Public holidays in Tokelau are described in the "Interpretation Rules 2003" as "Sunday, Christmas Day, Boxing Day, New Year's Day, Good Friday, Easter Monday, Tokehega Day, and any day declared by a village to be a public holiday". Although some New Zealand public holidays, such as Waitangi Day and ANZAC Day are celebrated in Tokelau, these are not official holidays.

neg: Christmas Eve Christmas Eve is the day before Christmas Day, the festival commemorating the birth of Jesus of Nazareth. Christmas Day is observed around the world, and Christmas Eve is widely observed as a full or partial holiday in anticipation of Christmas Day. Together, both days are considered one of the most culturally significant celebrations in Christendom and Western society.

neg: Réveillon In Belgium, Brazil, France, Portugal, Romania, in the Canadian provinces of Quebec, Ontario and New Brunswick, the city of New Orleans, and some other French-speaking places, a réveillon (] ) is a long dinner held on the evenings preceding Christmas Day and New Year's Day. The name of this dinner is based on the word "réveil" (meaning "waking"), because participation involves staying awake until midnight and beyond. In Portuguese-speaking countries, it is also a designation for the party preceding to the New Year's Day. In the United States, the "réveillon" tradition is still observed in New Orleans due to the city's strong French heritage, with a number of the city's restaurants offering special "réveillon" menus on Christmas Eve.

neg: Melbourne Cup The Melbourne Cup is Australia's most prestigious annual Thoroughbred horse race. It is a 3,200 metre race for three-year-olds and over, conducted by the Victoria Racing Club on the Flemington Racecourse in Melbourne, Victoria as part of the Melbourne Spring Racing Carnival. It is the richest "two-mile" handicap in the world, and one of the richest turf races. The event starts at 3pm on the first Tuesday in November and is known locally as "the race that stops a nation".

neg: Ozmas Ozmas is a Christmas celebration in the Australian winter.

neg: Western Australia Day Western Australia Day (formerly known as Foundation Day) is a public holiday in Western Australia, celebrated on the first Monday in June each year to commemorate the founding of the Swan River Colony in 1829. Because of the celebration of Western Australia Day, WA does not celebrate the Queen's Birthday Holiday in June, as do the other Australian states; it is held in September or October instead.

neg: National Ride to Work Day The Australian National Ride to Work Day (also National Ride2Work Day) is a commuter cycling social movement and participatory event that encourages commuters to bicycle to and from work. The event is held in October annually at various location in most Australian states and territories. The event is organised by various Australians state and territory bicycle organisations and local government authorities. It is a free event for individuals to register and participate, with registrations over 100,000 in 2010. Workplace bicycle user groups are formed and workplace coordinators are encourage other colleagues to participate. Workplaces are recognised for outstanding participation.

neg: Bellerive Yacht Club The Bellerive Yacht Club is a yacht club in the Australian state of Tasmania. It was established in 1926 to cater for a growing population in the city of Clarence and encourage sailing activities amongst the population there. It has since grown to over 800 members with an annual turnover of over A$1 million.

neg: Tax holiday A tax holiday is a temporary reduction or elimination of a tax. It is synonymous with tax abatement, tax subsidy or tax reduction. Governments usually create tax holidays as incentives for business investment. Tax holidays have been granted by governments at national, sub-national, and local levels, and have included income, property, sales, VAT, and other taxes. Some tax holidays are extra-statutory concessions, where governing bodies grant a reduction in tax that is not necessarily authorized within the law. In developing countries, governments sometimes reduce or eliminate corporate taxes for the purpose of attracting foreign direct investment or stimulating growth in selected industries.

neg: Australia Day Live Concert Australia Day Live is a concert on the grounds of Parliament House in Canberra, Australia, hosted each year on 25 January. The concert, first launched in 2004, features music from Australian artists and musicians. Australia Day Live is preceded by the Australian of the Year Awards. The name of the concert was changed in 2012 to 'Australia Celebrates Live'.

neg: Cape Wickham Cape Wickham is the most northerly point of King Island, Tasmania, Australia. From here, it is 90 km to Cape Otway on the Australian mainland. In the 19th century, ships coming from Europe would sometimes attempt to sail between Cape Wickham and Cape Otway to cut down on the required travelling time to Sydney, however the trip was dangerous and the price of failure high; usually shipwreck on the unforgiving King Island coast.

neg: Elizabeth Street, Hobart Elizabeth Street is the major street which runs South-East to North-West through the city and suburbs of Hobart, Tasmania, Australia. It was named by the Governor of New South Wales from 1810-1821, Lachlan Macquarie, after his wife Elizabeth Macquarie.

neg: Independence and Unity Day (Slovenia) Independence and Unity Day (Slovene: "Dan samostojnosti in enotnosti" ) is a Slovenian national holiday that occurs on every 26 December to commemorate the official proclamation of the Slovenian independence referendum on 26 December 1990. The referendum took place on 23 December that year. In it, 95% of the voters favoured the establishment of independent and sovereign nation. Between 1991 and 2005, the holiday used to be known simply as Independence Day. The current name was adopted in September 2005, following the proposal of the then-opposition Social Democrats, in order to emphasize the national consensus at the time of the 1990 referendum, which was supported by all political parties represented in the Assembly of the Socialist Republic of Slovenia at the time.

neg: Founders Day (South Africa) Founders Day ("Afrikaans: Stigtingsdag") or Van Riebeeck's Day was a formal public holiday of the Union of South Africa and the Republic of South Africa until 1994. The holiday was established on 6 April 1952 during the Van Riebeeck Festival in honour of the 300th anniversary of the arrival of the Dutch in South Africa. Jan van Riebeeck arrived at Table Bay on 6 April 1652 as a result Cape Town was founded. From 1980, the day became known as Founders Day (Stigtingsdag).

neg: Falcon, Western Australia Falcon is a southern suburb of Mandurah, located southwest of Mandurah's central area and with frontage to the Indian Ocean. The suburb was named after Falcon Bay. Falcon was approved as a suburb name on 13 November 1967 and gazetted on 8 March 1968. Many of the streets in the adjoining estate were named after yachts;"Falcon" itself was the name of a yacht, the crew of which won a silver medal in the yacht races at the 1956 Melbourne Olympics.

neg: National Beer Day National Beer Day is a holiday celebrated in several countries, particularly

neg: Khamis el sakara Khamis El Sakara is a Lebanese holiday. The name is from Lebanese Arabic, which means in English "Thursday of drunkness". It is celebrated on the last Thursday before the first day of Lent, when Lebanese Catholics gather and indulge in alcoholic beverages.

neg: Public holidays in Anguilla Holidays in Anguilla are predominantly religious holidays, with a number of additional national holidays. The most important holiday in the Territory is Separation day, which celebrates the separation of the island from Saint Kitts and Nevis.

neg: Phuket King's Cup Regatta The Phuket King's Cup Regatta (PKCR) is a one-week event held annually in Phuket, Thailand. The regatta was inaugurated in 1987 to celebrate the 60th birthday of the King of Thailand. The event has been held every year since during the first week of December. With royal patronage, the regatta is organised by the Phuket King's Cup Regatta Organizing Committee under the auspices of the Royal Varuna Yacht Club (RVYC), in conjunction with the Yacht Racing Association of Thailand, the Royal Thai Navy (RTN), and Phuket Province. In 2016 the event will be held from 3–10 December.

neg: Sinhalese New Year Sinhalese New Year, generally known as Aluth Avurudda (Sinhalese: අලුත් අවුරුද්ද ) in Sri Lanka, is a Sri Lankan holiday that celebrates the traditional Lunar New Year of the Sinhalese people in Sri Lanka. It is a major anniversary celebrated by not only the Sinhalese people but by most Sri Lankans. The timing of the Sinhala New Year coincides with the new year celebrations of many traditional calendars of South and Southeast Asia. The festival has close semblance to the Tamil New year, Thai New year, Bengali New Year, Cambodian New Year, Lao New Year, Thingyan in Myanmar and Odia New Year festival in India. It is a public holiday in Sri Lanka. It is generally celebrated on 13 April or 14 April and traditionally begins at the sighting of the new moon.