query: Blackledge-Kearney was used by which administrator for a temporary headquarters during the crossing of the Hudson in the late 1770s?

pos: Blackledge-Kearney Blackledge-Kearney House, also known as "Cornwallis' Headquarters", is located within the Palisades Interstate Park in Alpine, Bergen County, New Jersey, United States. The original, southern portion of the house was probably built in the 1760s, and the northern addition built around 1840. It was added to the National Register of Historic Places on July 24, 1984. Lord Cornwallis was believed to have used the house as a temporary headquarters during his crossing of the Hudson River in 1776, but modern historians dispute this claim.

pos: Charles Cornwallis, 1st Marquess Cornwallis Charles Cornwallis, 1st Marquess Cornwallis KG, PC (31 December 1738 – 5 October 1805), styled Viscount Brome between 1753 and 1762 and known as The Earl Cornwallis between 1762 and 1792, was a British Army officer and colonial administrator. In the United States and the United Kingdom he is best remembered as one of the leading British generals in the American War of Independence. His surrender in 1781 to a combined American and French force at the Siege of Yorktown ended significant hostilities in North America. He also served as a civil and military governor in Ireland and India; in both places he brought about significant changes, including the Act of Union in Ireland, and the Cornwallis Code and the Permanent Settlement in India.

neg: Siege of Annapolis Royal (1744) The Siege of Annapolis Royal (also known as the Siege of Fort Anne) in 1744 involved two of four attempts by the French, along with their Acadian and native allies, to regain the capital of Nova Scotia/Acadia, Annapolis Royal, during King George's War. The Siege is noted for Governor of Nova Scotia Paul Mascarene successfully defending the last British outpost in the colony and for the first arrival of New England Ranger John Gorham to Nova Scotia. The French and Mi'kmaq land forces were thwarted on both attempts on the capital because of the failure of French naval support to arrive.

neg: George Warde General George Warde (24 November 1725 – 11 March 1803) was a British Army officer. The second son of Colonel John Warde of Squerryes Court in Westerham, he was a close childhood friend of James Wolfe, the Conqueror of Quebec. He became a colonel in the Royal Horse Guards. (2 April 1778 Colonel of the 1st Regiment of Horse). In 1773 he became colonel of the 14th Dragoons, then in 1791 was appointed Commander-in-Chief, Ireland, a post which earned him the rank of general in 1796. He was instrumental in repulsing two French invasions of Ireland in 1796 and 1798.

neg: Pontiac (Ottawa leader) Pontiac or Obwandiyag (c. 1720 – April 20, 1769) was an Odawa war chief who became noted for his role in Pontiac's War (1763–1766), an American Indian struggle against British military occupation of the Great Lakes region and named for him. It followed the British victory in the French and Indian War, the North American front of the Seven Years' War. Pontiac's importance has been debated in the war that bears his name. Nineteenth-century accounts portrayed him as the mastermind and leader of the revolt, but some subsequent scholars argued that his role had been exaggerated. Historians today generally view him as an important local leader who influenced a wider movement that he did not command.

neg: John Kearney (bishop) John Kearney, D.D. (c.1742–1813) was the Church of Ireland Bishop of Ossory from 1806 to 1813.

neg: John McLoughlin Dr. John McLoughlin, baptized Jean-Baptiste McLoughlin, (October 19, 1784 – September 3, 1857) was a French-Canadian, later American, Chief Factor and Superintendent of the Columbia District of the Hudson's Bay Company at Fort Vancouver from 1824 to 1845. He was later known as the "Father of Oregon" for his role in assisting the American cause in the Oregon Country in the Pacific Northwest. In the late 1840s his general store in Oregon City was famous as the last stop on the Oregon Trail.

neg: Dawsonne Drake Dawsonne Drake (1724–1784) was the first British governor of Manila from 1762 to 1764, during the British occupation of the Seven Years' War. Prior to his term as the Manila administrator, he was the governor of White Town from 1742 to 1762.

neg: Cuylerville, Eastern Cape Cuylerville is a village in South Africa, located halfway between Bathurst and the Great Fish River. It was the first village established by the 1820 settlers, and was named after Colonel Jacob Glen Cuyler, the military commander at Fort Frederick.

neg: Burke Cuppage Lieutenant-General Sir Burke Douglas Cuppage KCB (1794–1877) was a British Army officer who became Lieutenant Governor of Jersey.

neg: Old Fort Providence Old Fort Providence, located near the mouth of Yellowknife Bay, Northwest Territories, Canada, was one of the first fur trading outposts on Great Slave Lake. Peter Pond of the North West Company first proposed trading with the Dene around Great Slave Lake in 1786. In 1789, Alexander Mackenzie initiated a period of trade with the Yellowknives and Tłı̨chǫ (formerly known as Dogrib) Dene and instructed his assistant, Laurent Leroux, to start a trading post in this area. The post was not a major centre for fur trading and was used primarily as a supply centre for other, more important trading posts or expeditions. It served, for example, as a base of supply for Sir John Franklin's Coppermine Expedition towards the Arctic Ocean in 1820. It was located within a productive fishery used for generations by the Dene around Yellowknife Bay and helped supply meat and fish for traders at Great Slave Lake. The Hudson's Bay Company took over the post in 1821 after the demise of the North West Company, but the settlement was in decline and it closed in 1823. The buildings have long since decayed but the ruins were excavated in 1969-1971.

neg: Fort Vancouver Fort Vancouver was a 19th-century fur trading post that was the headquarters of the Hudson's Bay Company's Columbia Department, located in the Pacific Northwest. Named for Captain George Vancouver, the fort was located on the northern bank of the Columbia River in present-day Vancouver, Washington. The fort was a major center of the regional fur trading. Every year trade goods and supplies from London arrived either via ships sailing to the Pacific Ocean or overland from Hudson Bay via the York Factory Express. Supplies and trade goods were exchanged with a plethora of Indigenous cultures for fur pelts. Furs from Fort Vancouver were often shipped to the Chinese port of Guangzhou where they were traded for Chinese manufactured goods for sale in the United Kingdom. At its pinnacle, Fort Vancouver watched over 34 outposts, 24 ports, six ships, and 600 employees. Today, a full-scale replica of the fort, with internal buildings, has been constructed and is open to the public as Fort Vancouver National Historic Site.

neg: New Holland (Acadia) New Holland (Nova Hollandia) was a colony established by Dutch naval captain Jurriaen Aernoutsz upon seizing the capital of Acadia, Fort Pentagouet in Penobscot Bay (present day Castine, Maine), and several other Acadian villages during the Franco-Dutch War. The Dutch imprisoned the Governor of Acadia Jacques de Chambly. The French and native allies under the command of St. Castin regained control of the area the following year in 1675, however, a year later the Dutch West India Company appointed Cornelis Steenwijck, a Dutch merchant in New York, governor of the "coasts and countries of Nova Scotia and Acadie." The formal Dutch claim to Acadia (1676) was finally abandoned at the end of the war with the Treaty of Nijmegen in 1678.

neg: David Ramsay (Upper Canada) David Ramsay (c. 1740 – c. 1810) was a controversial figure born in Leven, Scotland, who served as a cabin boy in the British Royal Navy, participated in the siege of Louisbourg in 1758 and later acted as a courier, translator and fur and alcohol trader, in part of the lower Great Lakes region consisting of present-day southern Ontario, Canada, and western New York state.

neg: Fort Lac la Pluie Fort Lac la Pluie was a fur trade depot established by the North West Company sometime between 1775 and 1787. It was located on a high bank on the west side of modern Fort Frances, Ontario across from International Falls, Minnesota on the Rainy River downstream (west) of some rapids (Chaudière portage) where the river flows out of Rainy Lake. Upstream at the outlet of the lake was the old French post of Fort Saint Pierre (1731-1758). The site is marked by a granite boulder. Morton describes some runable rapids, Fort Saint Pierre and a fall that had to be portaged before reaching the fort, which implies that the river level may have changed.

neg: Alexander Roderick McLeod Alexander Roderick McLeod (c. 1782 – 11 June 1840) was a fur trader and explorer in British North American who began his career with the North West Company in 1802.

neg: Savannah Town, South Carolina Savannah Town, South Carolina is a defunct settlement that was located in the colonial years on the Savannah River below the fall line in present-day Aiken County. In the 1670s the Westo had a village here, but they were displaced by the Savannah (as the English called a local Shawnee band) in a trade war, and it became known by 1685 as Savannah Town. The English colony had traders who did a lucrative business in dressed skins with the Savannah Shawnee. Fortified as a frontier post, the settlement developed and ferry service was established across the river. The town was gradually overtaken by its competitor of Augusta, Georgia, established in 1735 five miles upriver and closer to Indian settlements. Traders here intercepted commerce, sending it to their port of Savannah on the coast. By 1740 Savannah Town was declining, and by 1765 the village was abandoned and the fort closed.

neg: Brandon House Brandon House was a Hudson's Bay Company post or posts from 1793 to 1824. It was located at several places on the Assiniboine River between Brandon, Manitoba and the mouth of the Souris River about 21 miles southeast of Brandon. Because of its location near the Souris River it was a center for trade with the Mandans in North Dakota. It was moved four times and there were related forts nearby, so its history is necessarily complex. For background see Assiniboine River fur trade.

neg: Paul-Joseph Le Moyne de Longueuil Paul-Joseph Le Moyne de Longueuil (September 17, 1701 – May 12, 1778) was a seigneur and colonial army officer in New France and governor of Trois-Rivières from 1757 to 1760.

neg: Samuel Smith (Upper Canada politician) Samuel Bois Smith (27 December 1756 – 20 October 1826) was a Loyalist British Army officer and politician. He was appointed to the Executive Council of Upper Canada and appointed Administrator of Upper Canada.

neg: John McLoughlin Jr. John McLoughlin Jr. (1812–1842) was a Metis Chief Trader employed by the Hudson's Bay Company.

neg: George Clarke (governor) George Clarke (1676 – 12 January 1760) was a colonial governor of New York. He was also known as George Clarke of Hyde, after he purchased Hyde Hall in Cheshire, the ancestral home of his wife, Anne Hyde, in the 1740s. He became Secretary of the Province of New York in 1703. Along with his wife he purchased land in 1715 in Hempstead, Long Island, New York, and built an estate called Hyde Park. He became acting colonial governor of New York in 1736 following the death of William Cosby, serving until George Clinton arrived in 1743 to replace Cosby. Clarke then held the post of Lieutenant Governor until 1747.


query: Which route that goes through Conyer is a 1695 mi cycle-path?

pos: Conyer Conyer is a hamlet within Teynham civil parish in the borough of Swale in Kent, England. It is located around one mile north of the village of Teynham, and at the head of Conyer Creek, which flows into the Swale to the north. The Saxon Shore Way and National Cycle Route 1 pass through the hamlet.

pos: National Cycle Route 1 National Cycle Route 1 (or NCR 1) is a route of the National Cycle Network, running from Dover to Shetland. The 1695 mi cycle-path is located in the United Kingdom.

neg: Hillingdon Cycle Circuit Hillingdon Cycle Circuit is a purpose-built road cycling circuit situated in Minet Country Park, Hayes in west London. The 0.93 mile long, 6 metre wide circuit is used for year-round racing, training and leisure riding.

neg: A6023 road The A6023 road runs from Conisbrough to Rotherham via Mexborough and Denaby Main. It passes Conisbrough Castle.

neg: Around the Bay in a Day Around the Bay in a Day (sometimes abbreviated as Around the Bay) is a non-competitive fully supported recreational cycling fundraising event organised by Bicycle Network in Victoria, Australia. Cyclists register to ride a course which was originally 210 km (but later augmented with a 250 km option) either clockwise or anti-clockwise around Port Phillip Bay, starting and ending in Melbourne, and catching the Searoad Ferry between Queenscliff and Sorrento. For those who choose to do the 210 km or 250 km route (the only two that properly fit the event description) the ride begins and ends at Alexandra Gardens. Half of the riders head towards the east-side of the bay, riding to Sorrento, and the other half head west towards Queenscliff. Riders cross the bay near the Port Phillip heads on ferries to complete the ride.

neg: A368 road The A368 is a part primary status A road in North Somerset, England. It runs from Marksbury (near Bath) to Banwell (near Weston-super-Mare) along the northern edge of the Mendip Hills and past the reservoir at Chew Valley Lake.

neg: Antrim Road The Antrim Road is a major arterial route and area of housing and commerce that runs from inner city north Belfast to Dunadry, passing through Newtownabbey and Templepatrick. It forms part of the A6 road, a traffic route which links Belfast to Derry. It passes through the New Lodge, Newington and Glengormley areas of Northern Ireland amongst others.

neg: Christchurch Railway Cycleway The Christchurch Railway Cycleway follows the Main North railway in Christchurch. The route currently extends from Kilmarnock Street (Riccarton) in the south, through Fendalton and Papanui to Tuckers Road (Northcote) in the north. The northernmost section, from Northcote Road to Tuckers Road, was completed in early 2010. When this section was finished, the pathway was about 6 km long.

neg: Mark Beaumont Mark Ian Macleod Beaumont (born 1 January 1983) is a record-breaking long-distance British cyclist, adventurer, broadcaster, documentary maker and author. He holds the record for cycling round the world, completing his 18,000 mi route on 18 September 2017, having taken less than 79 days. On 18 February 2010 Beaumont completed a quest to cycle the Americas, cycling from Anchorage, Alaska, USA to Ushuaia in Southern Argentina, for a BBC Television series.

neg: Newfoundland and Labrador Route 201 Route 201 (known as the Osprey Trail) is a provincial road in the Canadian province of Newfoundland and Labrador. It is one of only three loop roads designated with a route number that starts and ends at the Trans-Canada Highway (Route 351, Norris Arm Road, and Route 404, Robinsons Road are the others). The road spans 28 km , and allows for a scenic journey along the southern coast of Trinity Bay. There are quite a number of summer cottages along the route, and highway is known for an abundance of ospreys during the summer months.

neg: Cycle Oregon Cycle Oregon is a week-long recreational bicycle ride held annually in different parts of the U.S. state of Oregon. It is also the name of a non-profit corporation established in 1991 to manage the event. More than a thousand riders participate every year and are supported by vans, meals and facilities.

neg: Outer Circle Trail The Outer Circle Trail, also known as the Anniversary Trail, Anniversary Outer Circle Trail, or even the Outer Circle Anniversary Trail, is a shared use path for cyclists and pedestrians, which partly follows the Alamein Line through the inner eastern suburbs of Melbourne, Victoria, Australia.

neg: Conyer's Green, Suffolk Conyer's Green is a village in the ceremonial county of Suffolk, in the borough of St Edmundsbury. The population is included in the civil parish of Great Barton.

neg: High Weald Landscape Trail The High Weald Landscape Trail (HWLT) is a 145 km route in England between Horsham, West Sussex and Rye, East Sussex, designed to pass through the main landscape types of the High Weald Area of Outstanding Natural Beauty (AONB). It does not follow the highest ground, and the eastern section is only a few feet above sea level. It keeps to the northern edge of the High Weald except in the west where it runs close to the southern edge for a short distance.

neg: CycleNetXChange CycleNetXChange provides a standard format with which to exchange cycle path data, together with information about the quality of routes; This enables computerised transport systems to provide cycle routes.

neg: Dyfi Valley Way The Dyfi Valley Way is a long distance footpath in Mid Wales. The 108 mi route runs all the way up one side of the River Dyfi and down the other side. The starting and finishing points, near the river's estuary, are Borth and Aberdyfi. The route follows the north side of the Dyfi through Pennal and the Centre for Alternative Technology at Llwyngwern Quarry. Across the site of King Arthur's last battle at Camlan, the Way takes in the strenuous climb up to the summit of Aran Fawddwy, which at 2,971 ft (906 metres) is the highest peak south of Snowdon. At Llanuwchllyn the route retraces its steps south of the Dyfi through Llanymawddwy and Machynlleth. The walk links with the Meirionnydd Coast Walk at Aberdyfi. The route is partly waymarked, and is highly varied in character: it directs the walker along seldom walked routes. A good map is required and, if possible, a route guide. The Dyfi valley is in Mid Wales and the river's lower reaches are sometimes regarded as the boundary between north and south Wales.

neg: Hellyer Gorge The Hellyer Gorge is a gorge in Tasmania, through which flows the Hellyer River, named after Henry Hellyer. It is the subject of the Hellyer Gorge State Reserve. The Murchison Highway passes through the area with many sharp and steep bends. Being subject to black ice, this portion of road has now been bypassed by the newer Ridgely Highway. Nevertheless, the area is quite picturesque and some bush-walking tracks have been blazed for tourists.

neg: Pennine Cycleway The Pennine Cycleway is a Sustrans-sponsored route in the Pennines range in northern England, an area often called the "backbone of England". The route passes through the counties of Derbyshire, West Yorkshire, Lancashire, North Yorkshire, Cumbria and Northumberland. It is part of the National Cycle Network (NCN No. 68). Sustrans founder John Grimshaw calls it 'the best National Cycle Network route of the lot'.

neg: North Wales Path The North Wales Path is a long-distance walk of some 60 mi that runs close to the North Wales coast between Prestatyn in the east and Bangor in the west. Parts of it overlap with the Wales Coast Path. The path runs along parts of the Clwydian Range Area of Outstanding Natural Beauty (AONB). The path was devised, implemented and maintained by the then Countryside Council for Wales (now succeeded by Natural Resources Wales) and three councils: Gwynedd, Conwy, and Denbighshire.

neg: Way of the Roses The Way of the Roses is the newest of Great Britain's coast-to-coast, long-distance cycle routes and is based on minor roads, disused railway lines and specially constructed cycle paths. It lies entirely within the counties of Lancashire and Yorkshire, crossing the Yorkshire Dales and the Yorkshire Wolds in the north of England, passing through the historic cities of Lancaster and York and scenic towns and villages including Settle, Pateley Bridge and Ripon.

neg: Condamine Power Station Condamine Power Station is a 140 MW combined cycle power station near Miles on the western Darling Downs in Queensland, Australia. The station is located 8 km east of Miles on the south side of the Warrego Highway. The Condamine Power Station is owned by QGC Limited, a subsidiary of BG Group. It has been claimed to be the world’s first combined-cycle power station entirely fired by untreated coal seam gas and Australia's first steam turbine condenser cooled by coal seam methane waste water. However, the Townsville Power Station at Yabulu, which was converted from a peak load power station to burn only coal seam gas in a combined cycle configuration, was commissioned much earlier, in February 2005.

neg: Lon Clwyd Lon Clwyd is the name of a partially completed cycle route running South from the North Wales coast. It currently links Rhyl (where it joins National Cycle Route 5) to Rhuddlan, but has not yet been extended to communities further south such as Denbigh and Ruthin.


query: Which university Gregory Stephen Jerman represented as member of BU in the 1998 NCAA Division I-A football season?

pos: Greg Jerman Gregory Stephen Jerman (born January 24, 1979) is a former American football offensive lineman. He played four seasons in the National Football League for the Miami Dolphins from 2002 to 2004 and for the Buffalo Bills in 2005. He played college football at Baylor University from 1998 to 2001. He was born in 1979 at Hyannis, Massachusetts, and attended Franklin High School in El Paso, Texas. He was admitted to the Texas State Bar in 2014 and began practicing law with the Lubbock County Criminal District Attorney's office.

pos: 1998 Baylor Bears football team The 1998 Baylor Bears football team (variously "Baylor", "BU", or the "Bears") represented Baylor University in the 1998 NCAA Division I-A football season. They were represented in the Big 12 Conference in the South Division. They played their home games at Floyd Casey Stadium in Waco, Texas. They were coached by head coach Dave Roberts.

neg: 2001 Southern Miss Golden Eagles football team The 2001 Southern Miss Golden Eagles football team represented the University of Southern Mississippi in the 2001 NCAA Division I-A football season. The Golden Eagles were led by head coach Jeff Bower and played their home games at M. M. Roberts Stadium. They were a member of Conference USA.

neg: 1998 Eastern Michigan Eagles football team The 1998 Eastern Michigan Eagles football team represented Eastern Michigan University in the 1998 NCAA Division I-A football season. In their fourth season under head coach Rick Rasnick, the Eagles compiled a 3–8 record (3–6 against conference opponents), finished in fourth place in the West Division of the Mid-American Conference, and were outscored by their opponents, 309 to 216. The team's statistical leaders included Walter Church with 2,650 passing yards, Eric Powell with 473 rushing yards, and Jermaine Sheffield with 953 receiving yards. L. J. Shelton received the team's most valuable player award.

neg: Tulsa Golden Hurricane football The Tulsa Golden Hurricane football program represents the University of Tulsa in college football at the NCAA Division I Football Bowl Subdivision (FBS) level. Tulsa has competed in the American Athletic Conference (The American) since the 2014 season and was previously a member of Conference USA (C-USA). The team is currently led by head coach Philip Montgomery. Tulsa plays its home games at Skelly Field at H. A. Chapman Stadium in Tulsa, Oklahoma. The University of Tulsa has the smallest undergraduate enrollment of all schools that participate at the FBS level.

neg: Greg Quick Phillip "Greg" Quick (born November 30, 1956) is an American gridiron football coach and former player. He is currently the linebackers coach for the Montreal Alouettes of the Canadian Football League (CFL). Quick served as the head football coach at the University of Chicago (1989–1993), St. Norbert College (1994–1998), and Concord University (2003–2008), compiling a career college football record of 48–112.

neg: 2004 Baylor Bears football team The 2004 Baylor Bears football team (variously "Baylor", "BU", or the "Bears") represented Baylor University in the 2004 NCAA Division I-A football season. They were represented in the Big 12 Conference in the South Division. They played their home games at Floyd Casey Stadium in Waco, Texas. They were coached by head coach Guy Morriss.

neg: 1998 Fresno State Bulldogs football team The 1998 Fresno State football team represented California State University, Fresno in the 1998 NCAA Division I-A football season, and competed as a member of the Western Athletic Conference. Led by head coach Pat Hill, the Bulldogs played their home games at Bulldog Stadium in Fresno, California.

neg: Morgan State Bears The Morgan State Bears are the twelve varsity sports teams representing Morgan State University in Baltimore, Maryland in intercollegiate athletics, including men and women's basketball, cross country, tennis and track and field; women's-only bowling, softball, and volleyball; and men's-only football. The Bears compete in the NCAA Division I FCS and are members of the Mid-Eastern Athletic Conference.

neg: Leonard Little Leonard Antonio Little (born October 19, 1974) is a former American football defensive end for the St. Louis Rams of the National Football League (NFL). Little played college football for the University of Tennessee, and was recognized as an All-American. He was drafted by the Rams in the third round of the 1998 NFL Draft, and played his entire twelve-year professional career with them.

neg: 2000 Georgia Bulldogs football team The 2000 Georgia Bulldogs football team represented the University of Georgia in the 2000 NCAA Division I-A football season. The Bulldogs completed the season with an 8–4 record.

neg: 1998 Pittsburgh Panthers football team The 1998 Pittsburgh Panthers football team represented the University of Pittsburgh in the 1998 NCAA Division I-A football season.

neg: Northern State Wolves The Northern State Wolves are the athletic teams that represent Northern State University, located in Aberdeen, South Dakota, in NCAA Division II intercollegiate sports. The Wolves compete as members of the Northern Sun Intercollegiate Conference for all 15 varsity sports. Northern State has been a member of the conference since 1978, and they also have the second smallest enrollment of the 14 member schools. In the 1990s, all members of the NSIC solely became members of NCAA Division II, after spending many years with dual membership with the NAIA.

neg: Lance Gunn Lance Cameron Gunn (born January 9, 1970) is a former American football defensive back who played one season with the Cincinnati Bengals of the National Football League. He was drafted by the Cincinnati Bengals in the seventh round of the 1993 NFL Draft. He played college football at the University of Texas at Austin and attended North Shore Senior High School in Cloverleaf, Texas. Gunn was also a member of the Frankfurt Galaxy of the World League of American Football.

neg: Bucknell Bison The Bucknell Bison are the athletic teams of Bucknell University. The program is a member of the Patriot League for NCAA Division I sports, Division I FCS in football.

neg: Southern Miss Golden Eagles football The Southern Miss Golden Eagles football program represents the University of Southern Mississippi in college football at the NCAA Division I Football Bowl Subdivision. The Eagles are members of Conference USA and play their home games at M. M. Roberts Stadium in Hattiesburg, Mississippi.

neg: 1998 Grambling State Tigers football team The 1998 Grambling State Tigers football team represented Grambling State University as a member of the Southwestern Athletic Conference (SWAC) during the 1998 NCAA Division I-AA football season. The Tigers were led by head coach Doug Williams in his first year and finished the season with a record of five wins and six losses (5–6, 4–4 SWAC). The Tigers offense scored 287 points while the defense allowed only 318 points.

neg: Southwest Baptist Bearcats football The Southwest Baptist Bearcats football program represents Southwest Baptist University in college football and competes in the Division II level of the National Collegiate Athletics Association (NCAA). In 2014, Southwest Baptist became a member of the Great Lakes Valley Conference and has remained in the league. Prior to this SBU was in the Mid-America Intercollegiate Athletics Association from 1988–2007 and 2012–2013, the rest of the athletic programs are in the MIAA. SBU's home games are played at Plaster Stadium in Bolivar, Missouri.

neg: 2002 Alabama Crimson Tide football team The 2002 Alabama Crimson Tide football team (variously "Alabama", "UA", "Bama" or "The Tide") represented the University of Alabama in the 2002 NCAA Division I-A football season. It was the Crimson Tide's 106th overall season, 70th as a member of the Southeastern Conference (SEC) and its 11th within the SEC Western Division. The team was led by head coach Dennis Franchione, in his second year, and played their home games at Bryant–Denny Stadium in Tuscaloosa, Alabama. They finished the season with a record of 10–3 (6–2 in the SEC) to finish in first place in the SEC West; however, the team was ineligible to compete in the 2002 SEC Championship Game or a bowl game due to a two-year postseason ban imposed as part of the penalty for National Collegiate Athletic Association (NCAA) violations.

neg: Christian Brothers Buccaneers The Christian Brothers University Buccaneers and Lady Buccaneers are the official sports teams of Christian Brothers University. The Bucs and Lady Bucs play in Division II as a part of the Gulf South Conference.

neg: 1998 Boise State Broncos football team The 1998 Boise State Broncos football team represented Boise State University in the 1998 NCAA Division I-A football season. The Broncos competed in the Big West Conference and played their home games on campus at Bronco Stadium in Boise, Idaho. Led by first-year head coach Dirk Koetter, Boise State was 6–5 overall and 2–3 in conference play.

neg: 1998 Notre Dame Fighting Irish football team The 1998 Notre Dame Fighting Irish football team represented the University of Notre Dame in the 1998 NCAA Division I-A football season. The team was coached by Bob Davie and played its home games at Notre Dame Stadium in South Bend, Indiana.


query: Which third cousin of Henry VIII had a great-grandfather who had a deadly rivalry with Richard Plantagenet?

pos: Eleanor Carey Eleanor Carey (c. 1495 – after 1528) was the daughter of Sir Thomas Carey of Chilton Foliat and his wife Margaret Spencer. She was the great-granddaughter of Edmund Beaufort, 2nd Duke of Somerset, which meant she was a third cousin to Henry VIII.

pos: Edmund Beaufort, 2nd Duke of Somerset Edmund Beaufort, 2nd Duke of Somerset, KG (1406 – 22 May 1455), sometimes styled 1st Duke of Somerset, was an English nobleman and an important figure in the Wars of the Roses and in the Hundred Years' War. He also succeeded in the title of 4th Earl of Somerset and was created 1st Earl of Dorset and 1st Marquess of Dorset (previously held by his father and later forfeited), and Count of Mortain. He was known for his deadly rivalry with Richard Plantagenet, 3rd Duke of York.

neg: Duke of Hereford Duke of Hereford was a title in the Peerage of England. It was created in 1397 for Richard II's cousin, Henry Bolingbroke, due to his support for the King in his struggle against their uncle Thomas of Woodstock, 1st Duke of Gloucester. It merged in the crown on Henry's usurpation two years later, and has never since been recreated.

neg: Henry of Almain Henry of Almain (Anglo-Norman French: "Henri d'Almayne") (2 November 1235 – 13 March 1271) was the son of Richard, 1st Earl of Cornwall and his first wife Isabel Marshal. His surname is derived from a vowel shift in pronunciation of "d'Allemagne" (English: of Germany), so called by the elites of England because of his father's status as the elected German King of the Romans (the "King of Almayne").

neg: Thomas Percy, 1st Earl of Worcester Thomas Percy, 1st Earl of Worcester, KG (1343 – 23 July 1403) was an English medieval nobleman best known for leading the rebellion with his nephew Henry Percy, known as 'Harry Hotspur', and his elder brother, Henry Percy, 1st Earl of Northumberland.

neg: Hundred Years' War The Hundred Years' War was a series of conflicts waged from 1337 to 1453 by the House of Plantagenet, rulers of the Kingdom of England, against the House of Valois, rulers of the Kingdom of France, over the succession to the French throne. Each side drew many allies into the war. It was one of the most notable conflicts of the Middle Ages, in which five generations of kings from two rival dynasties fought for the throne of the largest kingdom in Western Europe. The war marked both the height of chivalry and its subsequent decline, and the development of strong national identities in both countries.

neg: Henry VIII of England Henry VIII (28 June 1491 – 28 January 1547) was King of England from 21 April 1509 until his death. Henry was the second Tudor monarch, succeeding his father, Henry VII.

neg: Eleanor Holland, Countess of Salisbury Eleanor Holland, Countess of Salisbury (1386- after 1413), was an English noblewoman, the daughter of Thomas Holland, 2nd Earl of Kent, a half-brother of King Richard II of England. She was the first wife of Thomas Montacute, 4th Earl of Salisbury. One of her brothers was Edmund Holland, 4th Earl of Kent, to whom she was co-heiress. She is not to be confused with her eldest sister Alianore Holland, Countess of March who bore the same name.

neg: Arthur, Prince of Wales Arthur Tudor (20 September 1486 – 2 April 1502) was Prince of Wales, Earl of Chester and Duke of Cornwall. As the eldest son and heir apparent of Henry VII of England, Arthur was viewed by contemporaries as the great hope of the newly established House of Tudor. His mother, Elizabeth of York, was the daughter of Edward IV, and his birth cemented the union between the House of Tudor and the House of York.

neg: Alice de Toeni, Countess of Warwick Alice de Toeni, Countess of Warwick (26 April 1284 – 1 January 1324/25) was a wealthy English heiress and the second wife of Guy de Beauchamp, 10th Earl of Warwick (1272 – 12 August 1315), an English nobleman in the reign of Kings Edward I and Edward II. He was one of the principal opponents of Piers Gaveston, a favourite of Edward II. Alice married three times; Guy was her second husband.

neg: Robert of Thornham Robert of Thornham (or Robert de Turnham) (died 1211) was an English soldier and administrator. The namesake of his landowner father, he was the younger brother of Stephen of Thornham. Robert made his reputation in connection with the conquest of Cyprus in 1191 during the Third Crusade. On order of King Richard I, he led half the fleet in that battle. Subsequently, he was responsible for controlling the island when the Crusaders moved on, first jointly with Richard de Camville and then independently, when he defeated a group of Cypriot rebels. After he left Cyprus, Robert became more closely identified with Richard I. As the king's "familiaris", he carried Richard's equipment from the Holy Land to England. When Richard I was captured in 1192 in Vienna, among the terms of his release was the presentation of men to stand as "pledges" that the ransom would be paid. Robert was among these hostages, though evidently not for long, as he was back by the king's side in 1194 at Poitiers. Appointed Seneschal of Anjou, he served in France with Richard I, primarily in Anjou and Normandy, throughout the rest of Richard's reign. At around the same time, he was also appointed High Sheriff of Surrey, but he did not return to England until after Richard's death. In 1196, he led troops at Richard's behest into Brittany on an unsuccessful attempt to capture the child Duke of Brittany Arthur, whose mother Constance was resistant to Richard's control. In 1197, King Richard arranged for Robert to marry Isabella Fossard, daughter and heiress of the powerful Yorkshire baron William Fossard. The Fossard inheritance included the castle, honor, and lordship of Mulgrave with 34.5 attached knight's fees.

neg: Edmund, Earl of Rutland Edmund, Earl of Rutland (17 May 1443 – 30 December 1460) was the fifth child and second surviving son of Richard Plantagenet, 3rd Duke of York, and Cecily Neville. He was born in Rouen. At the time Rouen was the capital of English occupied France and his father held the office of Lieutenant of France. He was killed at the age of 17 either during or shortly after the Battle of Wakefield, during the Wars of the Roses.

neg: Henry Wentworth Sir Henry Wentworth of Nettlestead, Suffolk, KB (born c.1448, died between 17 August 1499 and 27 February 1501), "de jure" 4th Baron Despenser, was the grandfather of Henry VIII's third wife, Jane Seymour, and the great-grandfather of Jane's son, Edward VI.

neg: Richard Williams (alias Cromwell) Sir Richard Williams (born by 1502 – 1544), also known as Richard Cromwell, was a Welsh soldier and a courtier in the court of Henry VIII. He was a maternal nephew of Thomas Cromwell, and profited from the Dissolution of the Monasteries in which he took an active part. He was the patrilineal great-grandfather of Oliver Cromwell.

neg: Thomas de Monthermer, 2nd Baron de Monthermer Thomas de Monthermer, 2nd Baron Monthermer (4 October 1301 – 24 June 1340) was the son of Ralph de Monthermer, 1st Baron Monthermer and Joan of Acre, the daughter of King Edward I of England. He was a first cousin of King Edward III of England.

neg: Katherine Neville, Baroness Hastings Katherine Neville, Baroness Hastings (1442 – between January and 25 March 1504), was a noblewoman and a member of the powerful Neville family of northern England. She was one of the six daughters of Richard Neville, 5th Earl of Salisbury, and the sister of military commander Richard Neville, 16th Earl of Warwick, known to history as "Warwick the Kingmaker".

neg: James Boleyn Sir James Boleyn was a courtier in the reign of Henry VIII of England and chancellor of the household of his niece, Anne Boleyn, the second wife of Henry VIII and thus the great-uncle of Elizabeth I. James was the son of Sir William Boleyn and his eldest brother was Thomas Boleyn, 1st Earl of Wiltshire.

neg: William Adelin William Ætheling (] ; 5 August 1103 – 25 November 1120), designated or titled Adelin (alternately rendered as "Adelinus", "Adelingus", "A(u)delin" or other Latinised Norman-French variants of "Ætheling"), was the son of Henry I of England by his wife Matilda of Scotland, and was thus heir apparent to the throne. His early death without issue caused a succession crisis, known in history as The Anarchy.

neg: John de Southeray John de Southeray (1364 - 1383) was an illegitimate son of King Edward III of England by his mistress Alice Perrers. He was the oldest of Perrers' three acknowledged illegitimate children by her royal lover. He was married in 1377 to a daughter of Henry de Percy, 3rd Baron Percy; she divorced him in 1380, claiming she had not consented to the marriage.

neg: Henry Norris (courtier) Sir Henry Norris (or Norreys) (c. 1482 – 17 May 1536) was a Groom of the Stool in the privy chamber of King Henry VIII. While a close servant of the King, he also supported the faction in court led by Queen Anne Boleyn, and when Anne fell out of favour, he was among those accused of treason and adultery with her. He was found guilty and executed, together with the Queen's brother, George Boleyn (Viscount Rochford), Sir Francis Weston, William Brereton and Mark Smeaton. Most historical authorities argue that the accusations were untrue and part of a plot to get rid of Anne.

neg: Hamelin de Warenne, Earl of Surrey Hamelin de Warenne, Earl of Surrey (c. 1129 – 7 May 1202) ("alias" Hamelin of Anjou and (anachronistically) Hamelin Plantagenet), was an Anglo-Angevin nobleman, a half-brother of King Henry II of England, and was prominent at the courts of the Plantagenet kings of England, Henry II and his sons Richard I and John.

neg: Sir Richard Butler of Polestown Sir Richard Butler (1395 – 1443) of Polestown, County Kilkenny, was the second son of James Butler, 3rd Earl of Ormond, and Anne Welles. His older brother James inherited the earldom. Following the extinction of the senior family line, his great-grandson, Piers Butler, became the 8th Earl of Ormond.


query: The Smart Studios Story chronicles a recording studio founded by Steve Marker and the drummer of what alternative rock band?

pos: The Smart Studios Story The Smart Studios Story is a 2016 documentary film written, directed and co-produced by Wendy Schneider. The film chronicles the history and impact of Madison, Wisconsin-based recording studio Smart Studios, founded by Butch Vig and Steve Marker in 1983. The film premiered on March 16, 2016, at the SXSW Film Festival and was released on iTunes March 7th, 2017.

pos: Butch Vig Bryan David Vig (born August 2, 1955), better known as Butch Vig, is an American musician and record producer, best known as the drummer and co-producer of the alternative rock band Garbage and the producer of diamond-selling album "Nevermind" by grunge band Nirvana.

neg: Quietdrive Quietdrive is an alternative rock band based in Hopkins, Minnesota that formed in 2002. Quietdrive released their debut album "When All That's Left Is You" on May 30, 2006 on Epic Records. In April 2008, Quietdrive parted with Epic Records and released their album titled "Deliverance" on October 14, 2008 with the Militia Group. In 2009 they parted with Militia Group and released their independent EP titled "Close Your Eyes" on their own independent record label Sneaker 2 Bombs Records. Their third full-length album, titled "Quietdrive", debuted on December 14, 2010 and their full-length album, titled "Up or Down", on April 24, 2012. The band's most recent release was "The Ghost of What You Used to Be", which was released on December 16, 2014.

neg: Thymme Jones Thymme (pronounced "Tim") Jones (born 1962) is the drummer for the Chicago, Illinois-based band Cheer-Accident. Jones frequently appears on the local Public-access television cable TV program "Cool Clown Ground". He has appeared on a number of Bobby Conn albums, playing drums on Conn's biggest hit "Never Get Ahead", as well as trumpet, piano and moog synthesizer on Conn's later albums "Rise Up!" and The Golden Age". Before Cheer-Accident, Thymme played with the groups Brise-Glace and Dot Dot Dot, the latter of which also included Jef Bek, Chris Block and Ross Feller. He plays drums, piano and trumpet on Smog's 1997 record Red Apple Falls. He has also released several solo projects. In the 2000s (decade) he collaborated with Panicsville.

neg: The Village Green (band) The Village Green is a Portland, Oregon indie rock band, composed of lead vocalist/guitarist/composer J. Nicholas Allard and drummer/producer/back-up vocalist Jeremy Sherrer, bassist/back-up vocalist Dave Depper, & lead guitarist/back-up vocalist Nathan Junior. The band have recently reformed as of 2012 and are working on a new album.

neg: Smart Studios Smart Studios was a recording studio located in Madison, Wisconsin. It was set up in 1983 by Butch Vig and Steve Marker to produce local bands. The studio produced bands such as Killdozer, The Smashing Pumpkins, L7, Tad Juster, Nirvana. After initial production and remix successes, the building became the focus of operations for Vig and Marker's own group, Garbage, who released their debut album in 1995.

neg: Marble Valley Marble Valley is a band formed by the drummer of the indie rock band Pavement, Steve West.

neg: Steve Upton Steven 'Steve' Upton (born 24 May 1946 in Wrexham, Wales), although he grew up in Exeter, Devon, England, is the former drummer for the British rock band Wishbone Ash. He was with the band for two decades (1969–1990).

neg: Acme Rocket Quartet Acme Rocket Quartet was an American band from Davis, California featuring Thin White Rope guitarist Roger Kunkel, drummer Steve Edberg, bassist David Thompson, and horn player John Killebrew. For their third album, "Sound Camera", drummer Steve Edberg was replaced by Rusi Gustafson, who was a guest performer on their previous album, "Ultra-High-Frequency".

neg: Jose Medeles Jose Medeles is an American musician based in Portland, Oregon. Medeles opened the Revival Drum Shop in 2009, a store dedicated to vintage and custom drums. He currently leads 1939 Ensemble, a drums, vibraphone, trumpet, guitar, and noise quartet. Medeles has played live and/or recorded with The Breeders, Kim Deal (solo), Ben Harper, Donavon Frankenreiter, Joey Ramone, Modest Mouse, 22 Jacks, Mike Watt, Scout Nibblet, CJ Ramone, Face to Face, Rocco DeLuca, Bilimeux, John Davis, Steve Soto (solo), Holloys, Jackson United, Io Perry, Tito & Taranchula, Drunken Prayer, Dustbowl Holler (Tom Waits Tribute), Custom Made Scare, Los Infernos, and Crank Williams. He has recorded two solo drum recordings: "Random Underdog Stories" (2002) and "Tale of a Dysfunctional Drummer" (2006). He endorses Vater Drumsticks and accessories, Istanbul Agop Cymbals, and Drum Workshop hardware.

neg: Icarus the Owl Icarus the Owl is an American alternative rock band based in Portland, Oregon formed in 2009. The band currently consists of vocalist Joey Rubenstein, lead guitarist Tim Brown, percussionist Rob Bernknopf, and bassist Jake Thomas-Low. The band has self-released 4 studio albums titled "The Spotless Mind" (2009), "Love Always, Leviathan" (2012), "Icarus the Owl" (2014), and "Pilot Waves" (2015), and one EP titled "Qualia" (2011). The band has participated on the Vans Warped Tour in 2013 and has toured with bands such as A Lot Like Birds, Hail the Sun, Stolas, Eidola, Artifex Pereo, and The Ongoing Concept. In 2015, the band has signed with Blue Swan Records and released "Pilot Waves", their debut album with the label in 2015.

neg: Kris Myers Kris Myers (born April 5, 1977) is an American musician. He is currently the drummer for Chicago-based progressive rock band Umphrey's McGee.

neg: Comrades (band) Comrades is an American rock band from Richmond, Virginia. The band started making music in 2008, and released a studio album, "Safekeeper", in 2014 with Blood and Ink Records.

neg: The Anti-Job The Anti-Job are an American indie-avant-garde-psychedelic rock band originally from New York City. The group formed in 2009 at Vassar College. Their music offers a mixture of floral psychedelic surf rock, lyrical surrealism, electronic and folk music accented with poly-rhythms. Current members consist of Amanda Jones, Martin Lopez-Iu and Lee Harcourt. They are currently based in Los Angeles, California, signed to BLOOM records.

neg: The Taking (album) The Taking is the third studio album by American rock band Loaded. It was produced by Terry Date in Seattle, Washington, and was released on April 19, 2011 through Eagle Rock Entertainment. Writing for the album began in 2009, while the band were touring in support of "Sick". It will be the first Loaded release, since "", without drummer Geoff Reading, who, after departing the band, was replaced by Isaac Carpenter in September 2009.

neg: Clive Parker Clive Parker (born 1960) also known as Clive Parker-Sharp, is an English drummer, active in the punk, post-punk and new wave genres. He was a member of the bands The Members, Spizzenergi/Athletico Spizz 80, Big Country, and Scary Thieves. He went on to play with John Moore (Jesus and Mary Chain.) in The Expressway.

neg: Anchor & Braille Anchor & Braille is the recording alias for American singer and songwriter Stephen Christian, known for fronting the alternative rock band Anberlin, before its dissolution in 2014. Originally conceived as a side project for Christian, Anchor & Braille is now his primary vehicle for releasing music. Christian has described Anchor & Braille as a collaborative effort, having recorded with musicians such as Aaron Marsh of Copeland, Micah Tawlks, and Kevin Daily of Civil Twilight. Since its beginning, Christian has released three studio albums under this name, Felt in 2009, The Quiet Life in 2012, and Songs for the Late Night Drive Home in 2016.

neg: Mikey Erg Mikey Erg (real name Mike Yannich) (born February 7, 1980) is a punk rock drummer, guitarist, and vocalist, from New Jersey. He has played in numerous bands, most famously The Ergs!, but also Star Fucking Hipsters, The Dopamines, The Unlovables, Dirtbike Annie, Parasites, and The LLC (the house band on "The Chris Gethard Show"). In 2016, he released his first solo album, "Tentative Decisions".

neg: Just Say Yes (Punchline album) Just Say Yes is an album by the pop punk band Punchline, first announced in April 2008 with a release date of September 16, 2008. It is the follow-up to "37 Everywhere", released in 2006. Tracks 1-5, 7, 9 and 10 of the album were recorded at Room Sound Studios in Tempe, Arizona, with the producer Jamie Woolford (formerly of The Stereo, now a member of the band Let Go). The remaining tracks were recorded at Smart Studios in Madison, Wisconsin, with Sean O'Keefe, who previously produced Punchline's "Action" album.

neg: Alternate Learning Alternate Learning (or ALRN) was a power pop/new wave band from 1977 to 1982, based in Davis, California and fronted by Scott Miller, a singer-songwriter later known for his work as leader of the 1980s band Game Theory and 1990s band the Loud Family.

neg: The Stands The Stands were an English alternative rock band, formed in 2002 in Liverpool. The band was composed of singer-songwriter Howie Payne, guitarist Luke Thomson, bassist Dean Ravera and drummer Steve Pilgrim.

neg: Mark Tremonti Mark Thomas Tremonti (born April 18, 1974) is an American musician, singer, and songwriter, best known as the lead guitarist of the rock bands Creed and Alter Bridge. He is a founding member of both bands, and has also collaborated with many other artists over the years. He formed his own band, Tremonti, in 2011, releasing the album "All I Was" in July 2012, followed by "Cauterize" in June 2015 and "Dust" in April 2016.


query: In what city did Frank Fertitta III found his current company?

pos: Zuffa Zuffa, LLC ( ) is an American sports promotion company specializing in mixed martial arts. It was founded in January 2001 in Las Vegas, Nevada, by Station Casinos executives Frank Fertitta III and Lorenzo Fertitta to be the parent entity of the Ultimate Fighting Championship (UFC) after they purchased it from the Semaphore Entertainment Group. The word "Zuffa" is an Italian word (] ), meaning "fight". On July 11, 2016, Zuffa announced that it would be purchased by WME-IMG for the price of $4 billion.

pos: Frank Fertitta III Frank Joseph Fertitta III (born February 24, 1962) is an American entrepreneur. He is the current CEO of Station Casinos. He is also an owner of Zuffa LLC, which is the entity that formerly ran the Ultimate Fighting Championship (UFC).

neg: Spring Air Company Spring Air Company is a mattress company based in the United States. It was founded in Chicago in 1926 when Francis Karr patented a mattress design with free-end coils. Because of the heavy weight, high transportation costs, and low value per unit weight of mattresses, they are often manufactured locally. The company is thus a licensing organization, with local licensees manufacturing the mattresses under a common name for national marketing. Like a cooperative, the licensees own the Spring Air name. Spring Air has factories across the world.

neg: Fegyver- és Gépgyár FÉG ("Fegyver- és Gépgyár", "Arms and Machine Factory") refers to the Hungarian company Fegyver- és Gépgyártó Részvénytársaság ("Arms and Machine Manufacturing Company"), which was founded on 24 February 1891 in Csepel (now part of Budapest). The company came under the ownership of MPF Industry Group in 2010,since the acquisition, FÉG is one of the biggest exporters of HVAC products to the international markets in the East-Central European heating device industry.

neg: Symantec Symantec Corporation (commonly known as Symantec) is an American software company headquartered in Mountain View, California, United States. The company produces software for security, storage, backup and availability - and offers professional services to support its software. Netcraft assesses Symantec (including subsidiaries) as the most-used certification authority. Symantec is a Fortune 500 company and a member of the S&P 500 stock-market index. The company also has development centers in Pune, Chennai and Bengaluru (India).

neg: Gyro-Kopp-Ters Gyro-Kopp-Ters is an American aircraft manufacturer based in Lake City, Florida and founded by brothers Bob and Arden Kopp. The company specializes in the design and manufacture of autogyros in the form of kits for amateur construction.

neg: Frisbie (music company) Frisbie is a music company headquartered in TriBeCa, New York City. Founded by Mary Frisbie Wood in 2006, it specializes in writing for television commercials, sound design, movie scoring, brand consulting and writing. Frisbie has produced artists including Of Montreal, IV Thieves, Holly Brook, Kaki King, Brandun DeShay, Larry Campbell, Jesse Harris, Sonya Kitchell, Soulive, Evan Dando, Benji Hughes and Mickey Avalon.

neg: Thomann (retailer) Musikhaus Thomann is a German-based retailer of musical instruments, studio, lighting, and pro-audio equipment. Thomann became widely known primarily due to its large online retail operation, Thomann Cyberstore. According to a 2014 article in the largest Upper Franconian newspaper based in Bavaria, the "Fränkischer Tag" , Musikhaus Thomann is the largest online retailer of its category of merchandise, worldwide. Hans Thomann, Sr., founded the company years ago (in 1954) as a family business in — part of the village of Burgebrach, in Bavaria, Germany — where the Musikhaus Thomann headquarters endures today (2017). And, as of 2017, the company is still family-owned.

neg: Ferfrans Ferfrans is an American firearms manufacturer based in Montclair, California. It was established in 1998 by Filipino-American brothers Ferdinand and Francis Sy. Ferfrans was derived from the brother's names, Ferdinand and Francis. The company was previously known as Ferfrans Specialties.

neg: Frank Fertitta Jr. Frank Joseph Fertitta Jr. (October 30, 1938 – August 21, 2009) was an American entrepreneur. He was the founder of Station Casinos, a gaming company based in Summerlin, Nevada. The company started out as a locals casino operator on July 1, 1976, opening the Bingo Palace, which was later renamed Palace Station. The company went public with an IPO in 1993 upon Fertitta's retirement.

neg: Left Field Productions Left Field Productions is an independent video game development studio located in Ventura, California, United States. Founded in 1994 by industry veterans John Brandwood, Jeff Godfrey and Mike Lamb, Left Field is probably best known for their time spent as a Nintendo third-party developer, during which they designed the critically acclaimed Nintendo 64 game "Excitebike 64".

neg: Franklin & Marshall (company) Franklin & Marshall is an Italian clothing manufacturer and retailer, founded and headquartered in Montorio Veronese, a town in the province of Verona in 1999.

neg: Ares Incorporated ARES Incorporated is an American weapons manufacturer and firearms engineering company co-founded by the American weapons inventor and developer Eugene Stoner in 1971. The company is based in Port Clinton, Ohio, and produces fire control systems, turret systems, small arms, automatic cannons and industrial machinery. Mr. Stoner left the company in 1989, joining Knight's Armament Company in 1990, where his designs included the "Stoner 96", a further refinement of the ARES LMG/Stoner 63.

neg: Eurekster Eurekster was a New Zealand-based company that built social search engines for use on websites, which were referred to as "swickis" (for "search plus wiki"). The company was based in Christchurch, with an office in San Francisco, California. It was co-founded by Grant Ryan and Steven Marder, who served as its chief scientist and CEO, respectively. Ryan is also the co-founder and chairman of the Christchurch-based company SLI Systems, which specialize in search engines that learns from users. According to Marder, "Eurekster pioneered vertical, social search..."

neg: Frank J. Caufield Frank J. Caufield (born 1939) is best known as a co-founder of the venture capital firm Kleiner Perkins Caufield & Byers, based in Menlo Park, California.

neg: Carbon Motors Corporation Carbon Motors Corporation was an American automotive corporation that developed a purpose-built police car. Founded in Los Angeles, California, by Stacy Dean Stephens and William Santana Li (a former police officer and former Ford executive, respectively) in 2003, the company moved to Atlanta, Georgia, in 2006, where it continued to develop its product and gain investors. In July 2009, the company relocated their headquarters to Connersville, Indiana, with plans to invest $350 million into converting a former Visteon plant there.

neg: Wah Chang Corporation Wah Chang Corporation is an American manufacturing company based in Albany, Oregon in the United States. In 1916 (some sources say 1914), Chinese American mining engineer Kuo-Ching Li founded the company in New York state, under the name Wah Chang Trading Corporation. "Wah Chang" is Cantonese for "fortunate enterprise" or "great development". This expanded as an international tungsten ore and concentrate trading company. Li remained with the company until his death in 1961, serving as president until 1960 and then board chairman.

neg: Forgiato Wheels Forgiato, or Forgiato Designs, is an American company based in Los Angeles, California. The company was founded in 2006. It designs and builds luxury wheels for performance cars, which are built in the United States. The company holds an annual festival, Forgiato Fest, to showcase their wheels. Celebrities such as Flo Rida and 2 Chainz have Forgiato Wheels.

neg: Dixon Ticonderoga Company The Dixon Ticonderoga Company is an office and art supplies maker from the United States, with headquarters in Heathrow, Florida. The company offers a number of brands, with one of the most well-known being "Ticonderoga" - the yellow No. 2 pencil known for its distinctive green and yellow ferrule. Other brands include Dixon and Oriole pencils, Dixon Industrial products, Prang school and art supplies, and Lyra art products.

neg: Paolo Feraboli Paolo Feraboli (born September 20, 1976) is the founder and current Director of the Automobili Lamborghini Advanced Composite Structures Laboratory (ACSL), and founder and CEO of Gemini Composites, LLC in Seattle, Washington.

neg: Rentech Rentech, Inc. (stands for Renewable Energy Technology) is a Los Angeles, California, based United States company that owns and operates wood fiber processing and nitrogen fertilizer manufacturing businesses. It provides wood chipping and wood pellet services through a subsidiary Fulghum Fibres, Inc. and sells nitrogen fertilizer through Rentech Nitrogen Partners, L.P. In addition, Rentech owns the intellectual property for a number of energy technologies, such as Rentech–SilvaGas Gasification Process and Fischer–Tropsch process based Rentech Process.

neg: Frank Mohn Frank Mohn AS marketed under the brand name Framo is a supplier of submerged cargo pumps to the tanker market. The company was founded in 1938 and is located outside Bergen, Norway. The portfolio of products include submerged cargo pumps, transportable pumping systems, oil-recovery equipment, anti-heeling systems and offshore pumping systems. All of their products are manufactured in Norway.


query: What was the name of the boundary created by the piece of legislation that led to the reason for the Pakistan Independence Day?

pos: Independence Day (Pakistan) Independence Day (Urdu:  ; "Yaum-e Āzādī"), observed annually on 14 August, is a national holiday in Pakistan. It commemorates the day when Pakistan achieved independence and was declared a sovereign nation following the end of the British Raj in 1947. Pakistan came into existence as a result of the Pakistan Movement, which aimed for the creation of an independent Muslim state in the north-western regions of South Asia via partition. The movement was led by the All-India Muslim League under the leadership of Muhammad Ali Jinnah. The event was brought forth by the Indian Independence Act 1947 under which the British Raj gave independence to the Dominion of Pakistan which comprised West Pakistan (present-day Pakistan) and East Pakistan (now Bangladesh). In the Islamic calendar, the day of independence coincided with Ramadan 27, the eve of which, being Laylat al-Qadr, is regarded as sacred by Muslims.

pos: Partition of India The Partition of India was the division of British India in 1947 which accompanied the creation of two independent dominions, India and Pakistan. The Dominion of India is today the Republic of India, and the Dominion of Pakistan is today the Islamic Republic of Pakistan and the People's Republic of Bangladesh. The "partition" involved the division of two provinces, Bengal and the Punjab, based on district-wise Hindu or Muslim majorities. The boundary demarcating India and Pakistan became known as the Radcliffe Line. It also involved the division of the British Indian Army, the Royal Indian Navy, the Indian Civil Service, the railways, and the central treasury, between the two new dominions. The partition was set forth in the Indian Independence Act 1947 and resulted in the dissolution of the British Raj, as the British government there was called. The two self-governing countries of Pakistan and India legally came into existence at midnight on 14–15 August 1947.

neg: Fifth Amendment to the Constitution of Pakistan The Fifth Amendment to the Constitution of Pakistan (Urdu: آئین پاکستان میں پانچویں ترمیم) was adopted in September 5 of 1976, by the elected Parliament of Pakistan under the democratic government of Zulfikar Ali Bhutto. The "V Amendment" widen the scope of restriction on the Pakistan High Courts to strip powers of the High Courts to enforce the grants of natural fundamental rights explained in Chapter I, Part II of the Constitution. This amendment also imposed the import and sales tax on the consumer product. "V Amendment" also restricted the eligibility of the Governor or the Chief minister of those who are not from the provinces in which they have fought the elections for the respected offices. "V Amendment" also set the maximum age of the Chief Justice as well as the term of serving the respected office.

neg: Pakistan–Poland relations Pakistan–Poland relations refers to bilateral relations between Poland and Pakistan, which date back to the 1940s. After the Independence of Pakistan on August 14, 1947, Liaquat Ali Khan, the first Prime minister of Pakistan, made the first diplomatic approaches to the People's Republic of Poland and finally, on December 17, 1962, Pakistan became one of the first Muslim countries to establish relations with then-communist government of Poland.

neg: Pakistan Penal Code The Pakistan Penal Code usually called PPC (Urdu:  , Majmū'ah-yi ta'zīrāt-i Pākistān) is a penal code for all offences charged in Pakistan. It was originally prepared by Lord Macaulay with a great consultation in 1860 on the behalf of the Government of India as the Indian Penal Code. After the independence in 1947, Pakistan inherited the same code and subsequently after several amendments by different governments, in Pakistan it is now a mixture of Islamic and English Law. Presently, the Pakistan Penal Code is still in effect and can be amended by the Senate of Pakistan.

neg: List of NRO beneficiaries The National Reconciliation Ordinance (NRO) was an ordinance issued by the former President of Pakistan, General Pervez Musharraf, on October 5, 2007. It granted amnesty to politicians, political workers and bureaucrats who were accused of corruption, embezzlement, money laundering, murder, and terrorism between January 1, 1986, and October 12, 1999, the time between two states of martial law in Pakistan. It was declared unconstitutional by the Supreme Court of Pakistan on December 16, 2009, throwing the country into a political crisis. All individual names were supposedly kept in secrecy but the government was forced to declassified all names after a successful intervention of the Supreme Court of Pakistan in 2009.

neg: Khokhra Par, Karachi Khokhrapar (Urdu: کھوکھراپار ) is located inside Malir Town Karachi, Sindh, origin of the name "Khokhra par" goes back to the days when Mohajirs (immigrants) from partition time came to this place, most of them crossed the border of India to newly founded country of Pakistan from Khokhra Par, Sindh and found this area significantly resembling with original Khokhra Par because its dry and desert like surroundings were quite similar in nature to what they earlier came across during their exodus, therefore they ended up naming it the same, latter it was attempted to officially renamed as "Azam Colony" in honor of then Governor of West Pakistan Lieutenant General Muhammad Azam Khan (1908–1994) by the Government but the earlier name "Khokhra Par" remained more prominent and popular.

neg: Planning Commission (Pakistan) The Planning Commission (denoted as PC) is a financial and public policy development institution of the Government of Pakistan. The Commission comes under Ministry of Planning, Development and Reforms. The Planning Commission undertakes research studies and state policy development initiatives for the growth of national economy and the expansion of the public and state infrastructure of the country in tandem with the Ministry of Finance (MoF).

neg: South Waziristan South Waziristan (Pashto: سويلي وزيرستان قبايلي سيمه ; Urdu: جنوبی وزیرستان ایجنسی ) is the southern part of Waziristan, a mountainous region of northwest Pakistan, that covers some 11,585 km² (4,473 mi²). Waziristan comprises the area west and southwest of Peshawar between the Tochi River to the north and the Gomal River to the south, forming part of Pakistan's Federally Administered Tribal Areas (FATA). The Khyber-Pakhtunkhwa lies immediately to the east. The region was an independent tribal territory from 1893, remaining outside of British-ruled empire and Afghanistan. Tribal raiding into British-ruled territory was a constant problem for the British, requiring frequent punitive expeditions between 1860 and 1945. Troops of the British Raj coined a name for this region "Hell's Door Knocker" in recognition of the fearsome reputation of the local fighters and inhospitable terrain. The region became part of Pakistan in 1947.

neg: Treaty of Kalat The Treaty of Kalat (Urdu: قلات کے معاہدے) was an 1875 agreement between the British Raj and the Baloch tribes bordering the Punjab region in modern-day Pakistan.

neg: Sahibzada Mohammad Khurshid Sahibzada Mohammad Khurshid (Urdu: صاحبزادہ محمد خورشید ) (21 July 1901 - ?) was the first Pakistani governor of the Khyber-Pakhtunkhwa of Pakistan. Prior to the independence of Pakistan, the governor had been appointed by the government of British India (based in Calcutta and later Delhi). For almost two years after independence, Pakistan continued to have British governors until the appointment of Sahibzada Khurshid.

neg: Winston's Hiccup "Winston's Hiccup" (also known as "Churchill's Sneeze") (Arabic: حازوقة وينستون) refers to the abruptly concave section of Jordan's eastern border with Saudi Arabia, causing the border to resemble a zigzag shape, supposedly created arbitrarily in 1921 when Winston Churchill (then serving as the Secretary of State for the Colonies) drew the boundary of the British protectorate of Transjordan following a "particularly liquid lunch". The legend arose after Churchill himself boasted in his later years that he had created Jordan "with the stroke of a pen, one Sunday afternoon in Cairo". Nevertheless, the supposed involvement of alcohol in the drawing of the border as well as Churchill's claimed sole responsibility over it are almost certainly apocryphal.

neg: Treaty of Alinagar The Treaty of Alinagar was signed on February 9, 1757 between Robert Clive of the British East India Company and the Nawab of Bengal, Mirza Muhammad Siraj Ud Daula. Based on the terms of the accord, the Nawab would recognize all the provisions of Mughal Emperor Farrukh Siyar's "firman" of 1717. Moreover, all British goods that passed through Bengal would be exempt from duties. In other tenets of the agreement, the British would not be hindered from fortifying Calcutta, as well as mint coins in Calcutta. The signing of the treaty was one of the events leading up to the famous Battle of Plassey.

neg: Conservatism in Pakistan Conservatism in Pakistan (Urdu: پاكستانی قدامت پسندی ), generally relates to the traditional, social, and religious identities in the politics of Pakistan. American historian Stephen Cohen describes several political constants in Pakistan's conservatism: respect for tradition, the rule of law and the Islamic religion which is an integral in the idea of Pakistan.

neg: Lahore Declaration The Lahore Declaration is a bilateral agreement and governance treaty between India and Pakistan. The treaty was signed on 21 February 1999, at the conclusion of a historic summit in Lahore, and ratified by the parliaments of both countries the same year.

neg: Punjab Irregular Force The Punjab Irregular Force (PIF) was created in 1851, to protect the NW frontier of British India. It was termed "Irregular" because it was outside the control of the Regular British East India Company Presidency armies of the 3 Presidencies of Bengal, Bombay or Madras, but was under the control of the British chief magistrate of Punjab, known as the President of the Board of Administration from 1849, then as the Chief Commissioner from 1853. Its soldiers were not subject to parade ground drill and showed unconcern towards routine orders given to regiments of the line. They practiced swift tactical movements in small groups, showing special elan and flair. It comprised the various regiments raised earlier for the same purpose on the orders of General Charles James Napier and Col. Sir Henry Montgomery Lawrence between 1843 and 1849 of the former Frontier Brigade established in 1846 and Transfrontier Brigade established in 1849. In 1865 the PIF was redesignated Punjab Frontier Force and in 1903 became the Frontier Force. In 1922 it was split into 2 separate units: the 12th Frontier Force Regiment and the 13th Frontier Force Rifles. In 1947 both were ceded to the new state of Pakistan, which in 1957 amalgamated them, together with a 3rd unit, the Pathan Regiment which Pakistan had earlier created from elements of both, to form the Frontier Force Regiment. Within the latter regiment, the first 15 of its 52 battalions can trace their origins back to original British Army regiments, and the regiment still maintains the lineage of its predecessor British regiments. Members of the PIF traditionally referred to themselves with pride as "Piffers", a tradition very much maintained within the Pakistan Army.

neg: Parliament of Pakistan The Parliament of Pakistan, (Urdu:  — "Majlis ê Shura Pākistān" ); is the federal and supreme legislative body of Pakistan. It is a bicameral federal legislature that consists of the Senate as upper house and the National Assembly, as lower houses. According to the constitution of Islamic Republic of Pakistan, the President of Pakistan is also a component of the Parliament. The National Assembly is elected for a five-year term on the basis of adult franchise and one-man one-vote. The tenure of a Member of the National Assembly is for the duration of the house, or sooner, in case the Member dies or resigns. The tenure of the National Assembly also comes to an end if dissolved on the advice of the Prime Minister or by the president in his discretion under the Constitution.

neg: Wāli of Swat The Wāli of Swat (Urdu: والی سوات) was the official title of the leader (wāli) of the erstwhile princely state of Swat and also the nomenclature of the dynasty that ruled there from 1926 to 1969. The earlier titles of rulers in this area were 'Akhund', 'Khan', and so on. The title "amir-e shariyat" remained in brief usage, when the title badshah came into usage for the ruler. This title was officially changed to "wali" in 1926 when Swat became a princely state in the British Raj. Following Pakistan's independence post-1947, Swat remained an autonomous princely state of West Pakistan and the Wali continued to function as a political entity. The post became defunct in 1969, after the princely state of Swat became dissolved and was incorporated into the North-West Frontier Province of Pakistan (now Khyber Pakhtunkhwa). The region comprising the former princely state today covers parts of the Swat, Buner and Shangla districts of Khyber Pakhtunkhwa. Today, the title is used unofficially as a courtesy title by heirs of the Miangul family of the former Wali of Swat. The whole dynasty founded by the Abdul Wadud Badshah, also called itself by this title.

neg: Political history of Pakistan The political history of Pakistan (Urdu:  ) is the narrative and analysis of political events, ideas, movements, and leaders of Pakistan. Pakistan gained independence from the United Kingdom on 14 August 1947, when British India was divided by the United Kingdom, in a region what is commonly referred to as the South Asia. Since its independence, Pakistan has had a colorful yet turbulent political history at times, often characterized by martial law and inefficient governments.

neg: Instrument of Accession (Jammu and Kashmir) The Instrument of Accession is a legal document executed by Maharaja Hari Singh, ruler of the princely state of Jammu and Kashmir, on 26 October 1947. By executing this document under the provisions of the Indian Independence Act 1947, Maharaja Hari Singh agreed to accede to the Dominion of India .

neg: Delimitation Commission of India The Delimitation commission or Boundary commission of India is a commission established by the Government of India under the provisions of the Delimitation Commission Act. The main task of the commission is redrawing the boundaries of the various assembly and Lok Sabha constituencies based on a recent census. The representation from each State is not changed during this exercise. However, the number of SC and ST seats in a state are changed in accordance with the census.

neg: Amb (princely state) Amb was a princely state of the former British Indian Empire ruled over by the Tanoli tribe. Following Pakistani independence in 1947, and for some months afterwards, Amb's Nawab remained unaligned. However, at the end of December 1947 he acceded to Pakistan, while retaining internal self-government. Amb continued as a Princely state of Pakistan until 1969, when it was incorporated into North West Frontier Province (now Khyber-Pakhtunkhwa).


query: Are both Robin White and Maria Sharapova professional tennis players?

pos: Robin White (tennis) Robin White (born December 10, 1963) is a former professional tennis player from the United States.

pos: Maria Sharapova Maria Yuryevna Sharapova (Russian: Мари́я Ю́рьевна Шара́пова ; ] ; born April 19, 1987) is a Russian professional tennis player. A United States resident since 1994, Sharapova has competed on the WTA tour since 2001. She has been ranked world No. 1 in singles by the WTA on five separate occasions, for a total of 21 weeks. She is one of ten women, and the only Russian, to hold the career Grand Slam. She is also an Olympic medalist, having earned silver for Russia in women's singles at the 2012 Summer Olympics in London.

neg: 2010 WTA Tour The Women's Tennis Association (WTA) Tour is the elite professional tennis circuit organized by the WTA. The 2010 WTA Tour calendar comprises the Grand Slam tournaments (supervised by the International Tennis Federation (ITF)), the WTA Premier tournaments (Premier Mandatory, Premier 5 and regular Premier), the WTA International tournaments, the Fed Cup (organized by the ITF), and the year-end championships (the Commonwealth Bank Tournament of Champions and the WTA Tour Championships). Also included in the 2010 calendar is the Hopman Cup, which does not distribute ranking points and is organized by the ITF.

neg: Monterrey Open The Monterrey Open is a professional women's tennis tournament played on outdoor hard courts. The event is affiliated with the Women's Tennis Association (WTA), and is part of the International tournaments on the WTA Tour. From 2009 to 2013 the tournament was held in the Sierra Madre Tennis Club, from 2014 the tournament is currently held at the Club Sonoma.

neg: Isabella Holland Isabella Holland (born 2 January 1992) is an Australian professional tennis player.

neg: 1993 Amway Classic – Singles Robin White was the defending champion of the singles event at the Amway Classic tennis tournament, but lost in the first round.

neg: Virginia Wade Sarah Virginia Wade, (born 10 July 1945) is a former professional tennis player from Great Britain. She won three Grand Slam singles championships and four Grand Slam doubles championships, and is the only British woman in history to have won titles at all four Grand Slam tournaments. She was ranked as high as No. 2 in the world in singles, and No. 1 in the world in doubles.

neg: Petra Kvitová Petra Kvitová (] ; born 8 March 1990) is a Czech professional tennis player. Known for her powerful left-handed groundstrokes and variety, Kvitová turned professional in 2006 and has won 20 career singles titles, including two Grand Slam titles at Wimbledon. She is also an Olympic medalist, capturing the bronze medal at the 2016 Rio Olympics. She reached her career-high ranking of world no. 2 on 31 October 2011 and as of 18 September 2017, is ranked world no. 14 by the Women's Tennis Association (WTA). As such, Kvitová is the current second highest-ranked Czech and the second highest-ranked left-handed player in the WTA behind Karolína Plíšková and Germany's Angelique Kerber, respectively.

neg: Maria Goloviznina Maria Goloviznina (Russian: Мария Головизнина ; born 5 June 1979) is a Russian former tennis player.

neg: Johanna Larsson Johanna Larsson (born 17 August 1988) is a Swedish professional tennis player.

neg: Ekaterina Makarova Ekaterina Valeryevna Makarova (Russian: Екатери́на Вале́рьевна Мака́рова ; ] ; born on 7 June 1988) is a Russian professional tennis player. She achieved her career-high ranking of number 8 on 6 April 2015. Her best Grand Slam singles results have come at the 2014 US Open and the 2015 Australian Open where she reached the semifinals on both occasions. Makarova is a four-time Grand Slam champion in doubles competition, having won the 2012 US Open mixed doubles tournament with Bruno Soares, and the 2013 French Open, the 2014 US Open and 2017 Wimbledon Championships with Elena Vesnina.

neg: 2013 Porsche Tennis Grand Prix – Singles Maria Sharapova successfully defended her title, beating Li Na in the final, 6–4, 6–3.

neg: 2015 Maria Sharapova tennis season The 2015 Maria Sharapova tennis season officially began on 4 January 2015 with the start of the 2015 WTA Tour. Sharapova entered the season ranked as world number 2 behind Serena Williams following the completion of the 2014 season.

neg: 1990 Holden NSW Open The 1990 Holden NSW Open (known as such in 1990 for sponsorship reasons) was a combined men's and women's tennis tournament played on outdoor hard courts. It was the 98th edition (the 22nd edition in the Open Era) of the event known that year as the Holden New South Wales (NSW) Open, and was part of the ATP World Series of the 1990 ATP Tour, and the WTA Tier III tournaments of the 1990 WTA Tour. It took place at the White City Stadium in Sydney, Australia, from 8 to 14 January 1990. Yannick Noah and Natasha Zvereva won the singles titles.

neg: Stan Wawrinka career statistics This is a list of the main career statistics of Swiss professional tennis player, Stan Wawrinka. To date, Wawrinka has won sixteen ATP singles titles, including three Grand Slam singles titles at the 2014 Australian Open, the 2015 French Open, and the 2016 US Open, and one ATP Masters 1000 title at the 2014 Monte-Carlo Rolex Masters. He was also a semifinalist at the 2013 US Open, the 2015 Australian Open, the 2015 US Open, and the 2013, 2014 and 2015 ATP World Tour Finals. He also has reached the quarterfinals at 2014 and 2015 Wimbledon. Wawrinka also won a gold medal partnering Roger Federer in men's doubles for Switzerland in the 2008 Summer Olympics in Beijing, beating Swedish team Simon Aspelin and Thomas Johansson. In 2014 Wawrinka was part of the Swiss National Team, winning the Davis Cup for the first time.

neg: Anna Kalinskaya Anna Nikolayevna Kalinskaya (Russian: Анна Николаевна Калинская ; born 2 December 1998 in Moscow) is a Russian professional tennis player.

neg: Hicham Arazi Hicham Arazi (Arabic: هشام أرازي  ; born 19 October 1973) is a former male tennis player from Morocco. He played professionally from 1993 to the end of 2007. The left-hander reached his career-high ATP Tour singles ranking of world No. 22 on November 5, 2001. During his career, Arazi captured one singles title, in Casablanca. "The Moroccan Magician" reached the quarter-finals of the Australian Open twice and the French Open twice. As well as the aforementioned nickname, some tennis analysts called him "The Moroccan McEnroe" due to his talent - he played with incredible touch, and often enjoyed the support of the crowd even when not at home. He led Patrick Rafter, winner of the US Open in 1997 and 1998, two sets to love during the first round of the latter tournament. In the third set he was upset with several line calls, telling umpire Norm Chryst to "get out of here", which sparked the beginning of Arazi's meltdown (and Rafter's comeback). During his career, he notably gained victories over former World No. 1s and Grand Slam champions Roger Federer, Andre Agassi, Yevgeny Kafelnikov, Marat Safin, Lleyton Hewitt, Juan Carlos Ferrero, Carlos Moyá and Jim Courier.

neg: Anna Tatishvili Anna Tatishvili (Georgian: ანა ტატიშვილი , born February 3, 1990 in Tbilisi) is a Georgian-American professional tennis player.

neg: Varvara Flink Varvara Alexandrovna Flink (Russian: Варвара Александровна Флинк ; born 13 December 1996) is a Russian tennis player. She achieved her career high WTA singles ranking of 218 on 14 November 2016. Flink won her first ITF singles title on 21 May 2017. In doubles, Flink has two ITF titles. The first was in Monastir, Tunisia, in 2012. By winning the doubles title, Flink reached her highest doubles ranking of 471 on 1 April 2013. Flink reached two singles semifinals in 2013, one in Dubrovnik and the other in Seoul.

neg: Agnieszka Radwańska Agnieszka Radwańska (nicknamed Aga, born 6 March 1989) is a Polish professional tennis player. Radwańska achieved a career-high singles ranking of world No. 2 in July 2012. She has won twenty career singles titles, and is nicknamed "La Profesora" among players and the media. Her achievements include winning WTA's Fan Favourite Award six times, Shot of the Year four times, and Shot of the Month on a regular basis. She has been described as making intelligent use of the court.

neg: Ksenia Pervak Ksenia Yuryevna Pervak (Russian: Ксения Юрьевна Первак ; born 27 May 1991 in Chelyabinsk, Soviet Union) is a Russian professional tennis player.

neg: 1995 WTA Tour The WTA Tour is the elite tour for professional women's tennis organised by the Women's Tennis Association (WTA). The WTA Tour includes the four Grand Slam tournaments, the WTA Tour Championships and the WTA Tier I, Tier II, Tier III and Tier IV events. ITF tournaments are not part of the WTA Tour, although they award points for the WTA World Ranking.


query: Octave Chanute was an American civil engineer and aviation pioneer, born in France, he provided many budding enthusiasts, including The Wright brothers, were two American brothers, inventors, and aviation pioneers who are generally credited with inventing, building, and flying the world's first successful what?

pos: Octave Chanute Octave Chanute (February 18, 1832, Paris – November 23, 1910, Chicago, Illinois) was an American civil engineer and aviation pioneer, born in France. He provided many budding enthusiasts, including the Wright brothers, with help and advice, and helped to publicize their flying experiments. At his death he was hailed as the father of aviation and the heavier-than-air flying machine.

pos: Wright brothers The Wright brothers, Orville (August 19, 1871 – January 30, 1948) and Wilbur (April 16, 1867 – May 30, 1912), were two American brothers, inventors, and aviation pioneers who are generally credited with inventing, building, and flying the world's first successful airplane. They made the first controlled, sustained flight of a powered, heavier-than-air aircraft on December 17, 1903, four miles south of Kitty Hawk, North Carolina. In 1904–05 the brothers developed their flying machine into the first practical fixed-wing aircraft. Although not the first to build and fly experimental aircraft, the Wright brothers were the first to invent aircraft controls that made fixed-wing powered flight possible.

neg: Curtiss Autoplane The Curtiss Autoplane, invented by Glenn Curtiss in 1917, is widely considered the first attempt to build a roadable aircraft. Although the vehicle was capable of lifting off the ground, it never achieved full flight.

neg: Emil Matthew Laird Emil Matthew Laird (November 29, 1896 – December 18, 1982) was an American aircraft builder and pilot. He put the first commercial aircraft into production at his E. M. Laird Aviation Company.

neg: Carl S. Bates Carl S. Bates (January 1, 1884 – August 27, 1956) was an aviation pioneer from Clear Lake, Iowa. He piloted gliders in 1899, and in 1906 he designed a gasoline-powered airplane that was equipped with a three-point landing gear, an air-cooled engine, a metal propeller and metal wing rudders.

neg: United States Aeronautical Reserve The United States Aeronautical Reserve (U.S.A.R.) was an early aviation organization created by Harvard University’s Aero Club on September 8, 1910. The founder was John H. Ryan, and the General Secretary Richard R. Sinclair. The earliest aviators and others to enroll near the founding date were: “Glen H. Curtiss, Wilbur Wright, Harry S. Harkness, Augustus Post, Clifford B. Harmon, Allan R. Ryan, Herbert L. Saterlee, ex-governor Curtis Guild, Jr., Edwin Gould, Charles K. Hamilton, Horace F. Karnay, John G. Stratton, George M. Cox, Gen. Nelson A. Miles, Commodore John H. Hubbard, Charles F. Willard, Charles J. Glidden, Walter Brookins, Ralph J. Stone, William Hilliard, Cromwell Dixon, Samuel F. Perkins, Capt. Thomas F. Baldwin, Greeley S. Curtiss, General W. A. Bancroft, and Adams D. Clafton.”, Recruiting stations were at Harvard University, in Boston, Massachusetts; Mineola, Long Island; and Belmont Park, Long Island (Belmont Park is most known for its racetrack but it also has quite an early aviation history that became U.S.A.R.'s earliest members such as Glenn Curtiss and Wilber Wright of the Wright Bros).

neg: Aida de Acosta Aida de Acosta Root Breckinridge (July 28, 1881 – May 26, 1962) was an American socialite and the first woman to fly a powered aircraft solo. In 1903, while in Paris with her mother, she caught her first glimpse of dirigibles. She then proceeded to take only three flight lessons, before taking the sky by herself.

neg: Patrick Young Alexander Patrick Young Alexander (28 March 1867 – 7 July 1943) was a British aeronautical pioneer fascinated by the possibility of heavier-than-air flight. He was an enthusiastic balloonist and he was also particularly active in meteorology. He performed many metrological and aviation experiments, designing and building his own equipment. He travelled widely, visiting Australia in his youth and later making many visits to USA — crossing the Atlantic at least 50 times — he travelled widely in Europe and visited Mexico, Russia, Siberia and Africa in pursuit of his interests.

neg: Franz Reichelt Franz Reichelt (1879 – 4 February 1912), also known as Frantz Reichelt or François Reichelt, was an Austrian-born French tailor, inventor and parachuting pioneer, now sometimes referred to as the Flying Tailor, who is remembered for jumping to his death from the Eiffel Tower while testing a wearable parachute of his own design. Reichelt had become fixated on developing a suit for aviators that would convert into a parachute and allow them to survive a fall should they be forced to leave their aircraft. Initial experiments conducted with dummies dropped from the fifth floor of his apartment building had been successful, but he was unable to replicate those early successes with any of his subsequent designs.

neg: List of Louis Blériot medal winners The Louis Blériot medal is an aviation honor awarded by the Fédération Aéronautique Internationale (FAI), the international aviation record adjudicating body. The medal may be awarded up to three times every year to record setters in speed, altitude and distance categories in light aircraft. The award was established by 1936 in honor of Louis Blériot.

neg: Charles McDermott (inventor) Charles M. McDermott (September 22, 1808 – October 13, 1884) was an American physician and inventor. He is claimed to have been granted the first known American patent for a non-powered airplane, in 1872.

neg: John Moisant John Bevins Moisant (April 25, 1868 – December 31, 1910), known as the "King of Aviators," was an American aviator, aeronautical engineer, flight instructor, businessman, and revolutionary. As a pilot, he was the first to conduct passenger flights over a city (Paris), as well as across the English Channel, from Paris to London. He also co-founded a prominent flying circus, the Moisant International Aviators.

neg: Curtiss Model H The Curtiss Model H was a family of classes of early long-range flying boats, the first two of which were developed directly on commission in the United States in response to the ₤10,000 prize challenge issued in 1913 by the London newspaper, the "Daily Mail", for the first non-stop aerial crossing of the Atlantic. As the first aircraft having transatlantic range and cargo-carrying capacity, it became the grandfather development leading to early international commercial air travel, and by extension, to the modern world of commercial aviation. The last widely produced class, the Model H-12, was retrospectively designated Model 6 by Curtiss' company in the 1930s, and various classes have variants with suffixed letters indicating differences.

neg: Blériot VIII The Blériot VIII was a French pioneer era aeroplane built by Louis Blériot, significant for its adoption of both a configuration and a control system that were to set a standard for decades to come. The previous year, Blériot had experimented with a tandem wing design, the Blériot VI, then built another aircraft, the Blériot VII, in which the rear wing was somewhat smaller than the front wing. In the Blériot VIII, he reduced the size of the rear wing yet again, to the point where it was no longer contributing much in the way of lift, but had become the horizontal stabiliser. More novel was his adoption of a single control stick that would control both roll and pitch, while the rudder was controlled by a horizontal, centrally pivoted bar swung by the pilot's feet. A similar control arrangement for roll and pitch control had been incorporated into an aircraft the previous year by Robert Esnault-Pelterie, but the Bleriot VIII was the first use in a single airframe of the combination of hand/arm-operated joystick and foot-operated rudder control, that is in use to the present day, for the basic format of aerodynamic aircraft control systems.

neg: Curtiss Aeroplane and Motor Company Curtiss Aeroplane and Motor Company was an American aircraft manufacturer formed in 1916 by Glenn Hammond Curtiss. After significant commercial success in the 'teens and 20s, it merged with the Wright Aeronautical in 1929 to form Curtiss-Wright Corporation.

neg: Hubert Latham Arthur Charles Hubert Latham (10 January 1883 – 25 June 1912) was a French aviation pioneer. He was the first person to attempt to cross the English Channel in an aeroplane. Due to engine failure during his first of two attempts to cross the Channel, he became the first person to land an aeroplane on a body of water.

neg: Jane Herveu Jeanne Aline Herveux, generally known as Jane Herveu, (1885–1955) was a pioneering French aviator who obtained her pilot's licence on 7 December 1910.

neg: United States Army World War I Flight Training With the purchase of its first airplane, built and successfully flown by Orville and Wilbur Wright, in 1909 the United States Army began the training of flight personnel. This article describes the training provided in those early years, though World War I, and the immediate years after the war until the establishment of the United States Army Air Corps Flight Training Center in San Antonio, Texas during 1926.

neg: Glenn Curtiss Glenn Hammond Curtiss (May 21, 1878 – July 23, 1930) was an American aviation pioneer and a founder of the U.S. aircraft industry. He began his career as a bicycle racer and builder before moving on to motorcycles. As early as 1904, he began to manufacture engines for airships. In 1908 Curtiss joined the Aerial Experiment Association (AEA), a pioneering research group, founded by Alexander Graham Bell at Beinn Bhreagh, Nova Scotia to build flying machines.

neg: Russell Maughan Russell Lowell Maughan (March 28, 1893 – April 21, 1958) was an officer in the United States Army and a pioneer aviator. His career began during World War I, and spanned the period in which military aviation developed from a minor arm of the Army Signal Corps to the huge Army Air Forces on the verge of becoming a separate service.

neg: Santos-Dumont 14-bis The 14-bis "(Quatorze-bis )", also known as Oiseau de proie ("bird of prey" in French), was a pioneer era canard biplane designed and built by Brazilian aviation pioneer Alberto Santos-Dumont. In 1906 near Paris the "14-bis" made a manned powered flight that was the first to be publicly witnessed by a crowd and the first by an airplane outside the U.S.

neg: Frederick Marriott Frederick Marriott (July 16, 1805 – December 16, 1884 in San Francisco, California) was an English-born American publisher and early promoter of aviation, creator of the "Avitor Hermes Jr.", the first unmanned aircraft to fly by its own power in the United States. He was described as "an English gentlemen, of eccentric habits, much shrewdness and enterprise, and entire originality" by the publisher of the newspaper "Northern Indianian" on March 19, 1874.