query: Justice as Fairness: A Restatement was written by the philosopher who held a Professorship at what college?

pos: Justice as Fairness: A Restatement Justice as Fairness: A Restatement is a 2001 work of political philosophy by John Rawls, a revision of his 1971 classic "A Theory of Justice" (1971).

pos: John Rawls John Bordley Rawls ( ; February 21, 1921 – November 24, 2002) was an American moral and political philosopher in the liberal tradition. He held the James Bryant Conant University Professorship at Harvard University and the Fulbright Fellowship at the University of Oxford. Rawls received both the Schock Prize for Logic and Philosophy and the National Humanities Medal in 1999, the latter presented by President Bill Clinton, in recognition of how Rawls's work "helped a whole generation of learned Americans revive their faith in democracy itself."

neg: Raimond Gaita Raimond Gaita (born Raimund Gaita 14 May 1946, Dortmund, Germany) is an Australian philosopher and award-winning writer. He was, until 2011, Foundation Professor of Philosophy at the Australian Catholic University and Professor of Moral Philosophy at King's College London. He is currently Professorial Fellow in the Melbourne Law School and the Faculty of Arts, University of Melbourne and Emeritus Professor of Moral Philosophy at King's College London. He is a Fellow of the Australian Academy of the Humanities.

neg: Nancy Fraser Nancy Fraser (born 20 May 1947) is an American critical theorist, feminist, and the Henry A. and Louise Loeb Professor of Political and Social Science and professor of philosophy at The New School in New York City. Widely known for her critique of identity politics and her philosophical work on the concept of justice, Fraser is also a staunch critic of contemporary liberal feminism and its abandonment of social justice issues. Fraser holds honorary doctoral degrees from four universities in three countries, and won the 2010 Alfred Schutz Prize in Social Philosophy from the American Philosophical Association.

neg: R. Jay Wallace R. Jay Wallace (b. 1957) is a Professor of Philosophy at the University of California, Berkeley. His areas of specialization include moral philosophy and philosophy of action. He is most noted for his work on practical reason, moral psychology, and meta-ethics.

neg: Melvin J. Lerner Melvin J. Lerner, Professor of Social Psychology at the University of Waterloo between 1970 and 1994 and now a visiting scholar at Florida Atlantic University, has been called "a pioneer in the psychological study of justice."

neg: Jerry Balmuth Jerome "Jerry" Balmuth (born May 8, 1924-September 28, 2017) is an American philosoher and the Harry Emerson Fosdick Professor of Philosophy and Religion, Emeritus, at Colgate University in Hamilton, New York.

neg: Ronald Michael Green Ronald Michael Green is an American theologian, currently Eunice and Julian Cohen Professor Emeritus for the Study of Ethics and Human Values Professor at Dartmouth College.

neg: David Kolb David Kolb (born 1939) is an American philosopher and the Charles A. Dana Professor Emeritus of Philosophy at Bates College in Maine.

neg: Richard Norman Richard J. Norman, BA (Cantab), PhD (London), is a British academic, philosopher and humanist. He is currently Emeritus Professor of Moral Philosophy at the University of Kent, and Vice-President of the British Humanist Association.

neg: Barbara Herman Barbara Herman (born May 9, 1945) is the Griffin Professor of Philosophy and Professor of Law at the University of California, Los Angeles Department of Philosophy. A well-known interpreter of Kant's ethics, Herman works on moral philosophy, the history of ethics, and social and political philosophy. Among her many honors and awards include a Guggenheim Fellowship (1985-1986) and election to the American Academy of Arts & Sciences (1995).

neg: Allen Buchanan Allen Edward Buchanan is the James B. Duke Professor of philosophy at Duke University and also professor of the Philosophy of International Law at the Dickson Poon School of Law at King's College, London. He received his PhD from the University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill in 1975. He taught at the University of Arizona, the University of Wisconsin–Madison, and the University of Minnesota before joining Duke's faculty in 2002 as professor of public policy and philosophy. He has written six books covering such topics as Marx, applied ethics (especially bio-medical ethics), social justice, and international justice, including the foundations of international law.

neg: Everett Hall Everett Wesley Hall (April 24, 1901 – June 17, 1960) was an American philosopher, known for his advocacy of common-sense realism and his notion of what he called the "categorial" primacy of certain assertions. Hall received his A.B. and M.A. degrees from Lawrence College, and his Ph.D. from Cornell University (in 1929). Between 1929 and his death in 1960, he taught at the following universities: the University of Chicago, Ohio State, Stanford, the University of Iowa, and the University of North Carolina (he was Department Chairman at the last two schools and was Kenan Professor at North Carolina). He also held visiting appointments at Northwestern University, the University of Southern California, and Kyoto University. Hall was the author of four books as well as numerous papers. The books are "What is Value" (1952), "Modern Science and Human Values"(1956), "Philosophical Systems"(1960), and "Our Knowledge of Fact and Value" (1961). After his death a number of his papers were collected by his colleague, E. M. Adams and published as "Categorial Analysis" (1964).

neg: Lindley Darden Lindley Darden (born 1945) is a contemporary philosopher of science, with a research focus on the philosophy of biology. She received her Ph.D. from the University of Chicago in 1974 and B.A. in 1968 from Rhodes College, and is currently Distinguished Scholar Teacher at the University of Maryland.

neg: R. M. Jackson Richard Meredith Jackson (19 August 1903 – 8 May 1986) was a British jurist and legal scholar. A Fellow of St John's College and Downing Professor of the Laws of England at the University of Cambridge from 1966 to 1970, he devoted his academic career to the study of the administration of justice. One of his most important books was "The Machinery of Justice in England", first published in 1940 and now in its eighth edition.

neg: Susan Hurley Susan Lynn Hurley (September 16, 1954 – August 16, 2007) was appointed professor in the department of Politics and International Studies at the University of Warwick in 1994, professor of philosophy at Bristol University from 2006 and the first woman fellow of All Souls, Oxford. She wrote on practical philosophy as well as on philosophy of mind, bringing these disciplines closer together. Her work draws on sources from the social sciences as well as the neurosciences, and can be broadly characterised as both naturalistic and interdisciplinary.

neg: Leslie Francis Leslie Francis is an American philosopher, currently Distinguished Professor for College of Philosophy and College of Law at University of Utah.

neg: Tyler Burge Tyler Burge ( ; born 1946; Ph.D., Princeton University, 1971) is Distinguished Professor of Philosophy at UCLA. Burge has made contributions to many areas of philosophy, including the philosophy of mind, philosophy of logic, epistemology, philosophy of language, and the history of philosophy.

neg: Martha Albertson Fineman Martha Albertson Fineman (born 1943) is an American jurist, legal theorist and political philosopher. She is Robert W. Woodruff Professor of Law at Emory University School of Law. Fineman was previously the first holder of the Dorothea S. Clarke Professorship of Feminist Jurisprudence at Cornell Law School and held the Maurice T. Moore Professorship at Columbia Law School.

neg: Daria Roithmayr Daria Roithmayr is the George T. and Harriet E. Pfleger Professor of Law at the University of Southern California. She is a leading scholar on the subject of racial inequality.

neg: Amartya Sen Amartya Kumar Sen, CH, FBA (] ; born 3 November 1933) is an Indian economist and philosopher, who since 1972 has taught and worked in the United Kingdom and the United States. Sen has made contributions to welfare economics, social choice theory, economic and social justice, economic theories of famines, and indexes of the measure of well-being of citizens of developing countries.

neg: Christopher M. Fairman Christopher M. Fairman (July 26, 1960 – July 22, 2015) was a professor of law at the Ohio State University Moritz College of Law and Associate Dean for Faculty. He was also the C. William O'Neill Professor in Law and Judicial Administration.


query: In addition to A Bayou Legend, how many other works did William Grant Still compose?

pos: A Bayou Legend A Bayou Legend is an American opera composed by William Grant Still, with a libretto by his wife and frequent collaborator, Verna Arvey.

pos: William Grant Still William Grant Still (May 11, 1895 – December 3, 1978) was an American composer, who composed more than 150 works, including five symphonies and eight operas.

neg: Erroll Garner Erroll Louis Garner (June 15, 1923 – January 2, 1977; some sources say b. 1921) was an American jazz pianist and composer known for his swing playing and ballads. His best-known composition, the ballad "Misty", has become a jazz standard. Scott Yanow of Allmusic calls him "one of the most distinctive of all pianists" and a "brilliant virtuoso".

neg: Marie Laveau Marie Catherine Laveau (September 10, 1801– June 15, 1881) was a Louisiana Creole practitioner of Voodoo, who was renowned in New Orleans. Her daughter, Marie Laveau II, (1827 — c. 1862) also practiced rootwork, conjure, Native American and spiritualism as well as Louisiana or what is known today as New Orleans Voodoo. She and her mother had great influence over their multiracial following. "In 1874 as many as twelve thousand spectators, both black and white, swarmed to the shores of Lake Pontchartrain to catch a glimpse of Marie Laveau II performing her legendary rites on St. John's Eve (June 23–24)."

neg: James McGranahan He composed over 25 hymns. For example, in one work he is listed as the composer of three notable songs: "He Will Hide Me" by Mary Elizabeth Servoss, "Revive Thy Work, O Lord" by Albert Midlane, and "Come" by a "Mrs. James Gibson Johnson"; and he composed the music for at least 39 of the 79 hymns in a work co-authored with Ira D. Sankey. McGranahan composed most of the tunes for the lyrics of Major Daniel Webster Whittle, including EL NATHAN, the tune associated with Whittle's "I Know Whom I Have Believèd" (written 1883).

neg: William Faulkner bibliography The bibliography of William Faulkner, an American writer, includes 19 novels, 125 short stories (not including stories that appear exclusively in novels), 20 screenplays (including uncredited rewrites), one play, six collections of poetry as well as assorted letters and essays.

neg: William Furst William Wallace Furst (March 25, 1852 – July 11, 1917) was an American composer of musical theatre pieces and a music director, best remembered for supplying incidental music to theatrical productions on Broadway.

neg: Noble Sissle Noble Lee Sissle (July 10, 1889 – December 17, 1975) was an African-American jazz composer, lyricist, bandleader, singer, and playwright, best known for the Broadway musical "Shuffle Along" (1921), and its hit song "I'm Just Wild About Harry".

neg: William Attaway William Alexander Attaway (November 19, 1911 – June 17, 1986) was an African-American novelist, short story writer, essayist, songwriter, playwright, and screenwriter.

neg: Jesús Castillo (composer) Jesús Castillo Monterroso (1877-1946) was a Guatemalan composer. He was the first musician to collect a sizable amount of Guatemalan folk music, which he later used in works such as his opera "Quiché Vinak", as well as ouvertures and symphonic poems. His piano music, as well as his orchestral output, reflects the fusion of his contemporary art with Mayan mythology such as legends and myths from the "Popol Vuh." The national youth orchestra of Guatemala, the Orquesta Sinfónica Jesús Castillo (established in 1997), was named in his honor.

neg: Lake Bruin State Park Lake Bruin State Park, one of twenty-two Louisiana state parks, is located on Lake Bruin, a clear ox-bow lake of the Mississippi River near St. Joseph, the seat of Tensas Parish in the northeastern portion of the state. The lake consists of more than 3,000 acres (12 km²) of water surface. Park visitors enjoy fishing, water sports, and camping. There are cypress trees in the lake which have stood since before the Spaniard Hernando de Soto traveled through the region in the 1540s. The 53 acre park was established in 1928 as a fish hatchery. On July 10, 1956, Governor Earl Kemp Long signed legislation authorizing the development of the park. Initially called Lake Bruin Wayside Park, the name was later changed to Lake Bruin State Park. Two weeks later, legislation was signed to acquire the land for the park, long promoted by the then State Representative J.C. Seaman

neg: Sam Brown III Sam Brown III, usually known by his first and last name without the generational appellation, is an African-American songwriter, record producer, arranger and composer and self-described "music industry insider" working in Los Angeles. He is noted for involvement in nine No.1 records, six No. 1 singles, ten RIAA Gold Record achievements, often performing multiple roles such as songwriter and producer.

neg: Adam Badeau Adam Badeau (December 29, 1831 – March 19, 1895) was an American author, Union Army officer, and diplomat. He was most prominent for his service on the staff of Ulysses S. Grant during the American Civil War and his subsequent three-volume biography of Ulysses S. Grant. Badeau enjoyed a successful career as a writer, and assisted Grant with the research, fact checking, and editing when Grant authored "Personal Memoirs of Ulysses S. Grant".

neg: William Tell Overture The "William Tell" Overture is the overture to the opera "William Tell" (original French title "Guillaume Tell"), whose music was composed by Gioachino Rossini. "William Tell" premiered in 1829 and was the last of Rossini's 39 operas, after which he went into semi-retirement, although he continued to compose cantatas, sacred music and secular vocal music. The overture is in four parts, each following without pause.

neg: Grace King Grace Elizabeth King (November 29, 1851 – January 14, 1932) was an American author of Louisiana stories, history, and biography, and a leader in historical and literary activities.

neg: Kate Chopin House (Cloutierville, Louisiana) The Kate Chopin House, also known as the Bayou Folk Museum or Alexic Cloutier House, was a house in Cloutierville, Louisiana. It was the home of Kate Chopin, author of "The Awakening", after her marriage.

neg: W. C. Handy William Christopher Handy (November 16, 1873 – March 28, 1958) was an African American composer and musician, known as the "Father of the Blues".

neg: Harry Warren Harry Warren (born Salvatore Antonio Guaragna, December 24, 1893 – September 22, 1981) was an American composer and lyricist. Warren was the first major American songwriter to write primarily for film. He was nominated for the Academy Award for Best Song eleven times and won three Oscars for composing "Lullaby of Broadway", "You'll Never Know" and "On the Atchison, Topeka and the Santa Fe". He wrote the music for the first blockbuster film musical, "42nd Street", choreographed by Busby Berkeley, with whom he would collaborate on many musical films.

neg: William Still William Still (October 7, 1821 – July 14, 1902) was an African-American abolitionist in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, conductor on the Underground Railroad, businessman, writer, historian and civil rights activist. Before the American Civil War, Still was chairman of the Vigilance Committee of the Pennsylvania Anti-Slavery Society, and directly aided fugitive slaves and kept records to help families reunite. After the war, he remained an important businessman and philanthropist, as well as used his meticulous records to write an account of the underground system and the experiences of many refugee slaves, entitled "The Underground Railroad Records" (1872).

neg: W. H. Anderson William Henry Anderson (21 April 1882 – 12 April 1955) was a composer, choir director, tenor, and voice teacher of English birth. He produced a large amount of vocal music, including more than 150 songs and 40 anthems as well as a significant amount of carols and other choral works. He also produced a large number of choral arrangements of Ukrainian, Czech, and Icelandic folksongs; mainly written for Winnipeg choir director Walter Bohonos and his choirs. He used the psudonyms Hugh Garland and Michael Bilencko for some of his published ballads and folksong arrangements, however, most of his works were published under the name W.H. Anderson. Some of his more well known compositions include the anthem "Come, I Pray Thee"; the songs "Hospitality" and "To Immortality"; the trio for female voices "Sea Blue Gardens"; and the Christmas pieces "Ane Song for the Birth of Christ", "Lullaby of the Little Angels" and "The World's Desire".

neg: Old Three Hundred The Old Three Hundred were the 297 grantees, made up of families and some partnerships of unmarried men, who purchased 307 parcels of land from Stephen Fuller Austin and established a colony that encompassed an area that ran from the Gulf of Mexico on the south, to near present-day Jones Creek, Brazoria county Texas, Brenham in Washington County, Texas, Navasota in Grimes County, and La Grange in Fayette County. Moses Austin was the original empresario of the Old Three Hundred and was succeeded by his son, Stephen F. Austin, after his untimely death.

neg: Longfellow-Evangeline State Historic Site Longfellow-Evangeline State Historic Site, located in St. Martinville, Louisiana, showcases the cultural significance of the Bayou Teche region. It is the oldest state park site in Louisiana, founded in 1934 as the Longfellow-Evangeline State Commemorative Area. "Evangeline" was Henry Wadsworth Longfellow's enormously popular epic poem about Acadian lovers, who are now figures in local history. In the town center, the Evangeline Oak is the legendary meeting place of the two lovers, Evangeline and Gabriel. A statue of Evangeline marks her supposed grave next to St. Martin of Tours Church. The state historic site commemorates the broader historical setting of the poem in the Acadian and Creole culture of this region of Louisiana.


query: From 1983 to 1993, Billy Brewer was the head football coach at a univeristy located in what city?

pos: Billy Brewer Billy Brewer (born October 8, 1935) is a head American football player and coach. He served as the head football coach at Southeastern Louisiana University from 1974 to 1979, Louisiana Tech University from 1980 to 1992, and University of Mississippi (Ole Miss) from 1983 to 1993, compiling a career college football coaching record of 125–94–6. He is the current host of an Ole Miss Rebel football post-game call-in show.

pos: University of Mississippi The University of Mississippi (colloquially known as Ole Miss) is an American public research university located in Oxford, Mississippi. It is the state of Mississippi's flagship and largest university, with a total enrollment of 24,250 in fall 2016. It is both a sea-grant and space-grant institution and is classified as an "R1: Doctoral University — Highest Research Activity". Across all its campuses, it comprises approximately 2,200 faculty members, 10,600 staff members, and 24,000 students, and has a total budget of roughly $2 billion. About 55 percent of its undergraduates and 60 percent overall come from Mississippi, and 23 percent are minorities; international students come from 90 nations.

neg: University of Minnesota Duluth The University of Minnesota Duluth (UMD) is a regional branch of the University of Minnesota system located in Duluth, Minnesota, United States. As Duluth's regional comprehensive university, UMD offers 14 bachelor's degrees in 85 majors, graduate programs in 27 different fields, a two-year program at the School of Medicine, a four-year College of Pharmacy program, and a Doctor of Education program.

neg: South Carolina State University South Carolina State University (often referred to as SCSU or SC State) is a four-year historically black university located in Orangeburg, South Carolina, United States. It is the only state funded, historically black land-grant institution in South Carolina, is a member-school of the Thurgood Marshall College Fund and is accredited by the Southern Association of Colleges and Schools (SACS).

neg: Indonesian Adventist University Indonesian Adventist University (Indonesian: "Universitas Advent Indonesia" ), also known as UNAI, is a private coeducational Christian university in Bandung, West Java in Indonesia. It is operated by the Seventh-day Adventist church.

neg: Washington State Cougars football The Washington State Cougars football program is the intercollegiate American football team for Washington State University, located in the U.S. state of Washington. The team competes at the NCAA Division I level in the FBS and is a member of the North Division of the Pac-12 Conference (Pac-12). Known as the Cougars, the first football team was fielded in 1894.

neg: North Park University North Park University is a liberal arts university in Chicago, Illinois, United States. The school, the sole university of the Evangelical Covenant Church, shares its campus with the denomination's North Park Theological Seminary. The university enrolls more than 3,000 undergraduate and graduate students from around the world, and offers both bachelor's and master's degrees. The campus is located in the North Park and Albany Park neighborhoods of Chicago.

neg: Houston Baptist University Houston Baptist University (HBU) is a private Baptist university founded in 1960. It is located in Sharpstown Section 3A, within the Southwest Management District (formerly Greater Sharpstown) in Houston, Texas, near the Southwest Freeway.

neg: Union University Union University is a private, evangelical Christian, liberal arts university located in Jackson, Tennessee, with additional campuses in Germantown and Hendersonville. The university is affiliated with the Tennessee Baptist Convention and relates to the Southern Baptist Convention.

neg: Jacobs University Bremen Jacobs University Bremen (previously International University Bremen, IUB) is an international, private residential university in Vegesack in Bremen-Nord, Bremen, Germany.

neg: Mount Allison University Mount Allison University (also Mount A or MtA) is a primarily undergraduate Canadian liberal arts and science university located in Sackville, New Brunswick. It has been ranked the top undergraduate university in the country for 18 of the last 25 years by "Maclean's" magazine. With a 17:1 student-to-faculty ratio, the average first-year class size is 65 and upper-year classes average 14 students.

neg: University of Pittsburgh at Greensburg University of Pittsburgh at Greensburg, commonly referred to as Pitt-Greensburg, is a four-year, baccalaureate degree-granting, state-related university institution that is a regional residential campus of the University of Pittsburgh located in Hempfield Township, Westmoreland County, Pennsylvania, United States. Opened in 1963, Pitt-Greensburg was granted four-year degree-granting status in 1988. Pitt-Greensburg has been voted "Best University in the Region" for eight straight years (1999–2007) by the readership of the "Pittsburgh Tribune-Review".

neg: University of Papua New Guinea The University of Papua New Guinea (UPNG) is a university located in Port Moresby, capital of Papua New Guinea. It was established by ordinance of the Australian administration in 1965. This followed the Currie Commission which had enquired into higher education in Papua New Guinea. The University of Papua New Guinea Act No. 18, 1983 bill repealing the old Ordinance was passed by the National Parliament in August 1983.

neg: University of Tennessee at Chattanooga The University of Tennessee at Chattanooga, (variously called UT-Chattanooga, UTC, or Chattanooga) is a public university located in Chattanooga, Tennessee, United States. The university is one of three universities and two other affiliated institutions in the University of Tennessee System (UT System).

neg: University of Wisconsin–Milwaukee The University of Wisconsin–Milwaukee (also known as UW–Milwaukee, UWM or Milwaukee) is a public urban research university located in Milwaukee, Wisconsin, in the United States. It is the largest university in the Milwaukee metropolitan area and a member of the University of Wisconsin System. It is also one of the two doctoral degree-granting public universities and the second largest university in Wisconsin.

neg: University of Michigan–Flint The University of Michigan–Flint (commonly referred to as U of M–Flint), is a public university located in Flint, Michigan in the United States. It is one of the two University of Michigan satellite campuses (the other is in Dearborn).

neg: LeTourneau University LeTourneau University (LETU) is a private, interdenominational Christian university located in Longview, Texas, United States with programs in engineering, aeronautical science, education and business. The university also provides graduate and undergraduate degree programs for working adults online and at education centers in Texas in Dallas, Houston, and Longview.

neg: University of Michigan–Dearborn The University of Michigan–Dearborn (commonly referred to as UM-Dearborn or UM-D) is a public university located in Dearborn, Michigan, United States. It is one of the two regional campuses of the University of Michigan operating under the policies of the Board of Regents. The University of Michigan in Ann Arbor is located 35 miles to the west; the other regional campus is in Flint.

neg: University of Western Australia The University of Western Australia (UWA) is a public research university in the Australian state of Western Australia. The university's main campus is in Perth, the state capital, with a secondary campus located in Albany and various other facilities elsewhere.

neg: University of Idaho The University of Idaho (officially abbreviated UI, locally referred to as "the U of I") is the U.S. state of Idaho's oldest public university, located in the city of Moscow in Latah County in the northern portion of the state. It is the state's flagship, land-grant and primary research university. The University of Idaho was the state's sole university for 71 years, until 1963, and its College of Law, established in 1909, was first accredited by the American Bar Association in 1925.

neg: University of Denver The University of Denver (DU) is a coeducational, four-year university in Denver, Colorado. Founded in 1864, it is the oldest independent private university in the Rocky Mountain Region of the United States. DU enrolls approximately 5,600 undergraduate students and 6,100 graduate students. The 125 acre main campus is a designated arboretum and is located primarily in the University Neighborhood, about five miles (8 km) south of downtown Denver.

neg: Harding University Harding University is a private liberal arts university with international campuses scattered around the globe and its main campus located in Searcy, Arkansas, United States, about 50 mi northeast of Little Rock. It is also the largest private university in the state of Arkansas. Harding is one of several institutions of higher learning associated with the Churches of Christ.


query: What does Barbra Streisand's son do for a living?

pos: Partners (Barbra Streisand album) Partners is the thirty-fourth studio album by American singer and songwriter Barbra Streisand, released on September 16, 2014 by Columbia Records. The album features Streisand singing duets with an all-male lineup including Stevie Wonder, Michael Bublé, Billy Joel, John Legend, John Mayer, Andrea Bocelli, Lionel Richie, and Elvis Presley from an earlier recording. The collection also features Streisand's first studio-recorded duet with her now 47-year-old son, Jason Gould. The album release was promoted on "The Tonight Show", where Streisand was the evening's sole guest and sang a medley with host Jimmy Fallon.

pos: Jason Gould Jason Emanuel Gould (born December 29, 1966) is an American actor, director, producer, writer and singer.

neg: Arnold Stiefel Arnold Stiefel, chairman and CEO of Stiefel Entertainment, is an American talent manager, film and television producer, and entrepreneur. Over the course of his career, Stiefel has worked with Bette Midler, Prince, and Toni Braxton, amongst others. He is best known for his association with Rod Stewart, whom he has managed since 1983.

neg: Arthur Gershwin Arthur Gershwin (March 14, 1900 – November 19, 1981) was one of the four Gershwin family siblings of American musical fame. Although he was a composer, he was not a professional musician, and made his living as a stockbroker.

neg: Songbird (Barbra Streisand song) "Songbird" is the title track and first single released from Barbra Streisand's 1978 album. It was written by Dave Wolfert and Steve Nelson and produced by Gary Klein.

neg: Sondra Currie Sondra Currie (born Sandra Marie Currie; January 11, 1947) is an American actress.

neg: Sabra Jones Sabra Jones is an American actress, director, writer, and producer known for her expansive collection of artistic work and for founding The Mirror Theater Ltd. She has produced over 172 theatrical productions in New York City, London, and around the country, including the 1982 Broadway production of "Alice in Wonderland." Jones has acted on Broadway, at the Metropolitan Opera, in numerous regional productions, and in select television and film roles. She currently lives between Manhattan and Vermont, working as the Founding & Producing Artistic Director for The Mirror Theater Ltd and for The Mirror’s Vermont chapter, the Greensboro Arts Alliance and Residency.

neg: My Father's Song "My Father's Song" is a song recorded by American singer Barbra Streisand for her seventeenth studio album, "Lazy Afternoon" (1975). It was released as a 7" single in August 1975 through Columbia Records. Rupert Holmes wrote the song in collaboration with its producer Jeffrey Lesser. A sentimental ballad, "My Father's Song" was about Streisand's childhood with her father; Holmes' lyrics involve a protagonist, presumably a daughter, asking for her father's approval in life and love.

neg: Barbra Amesbury Barbra Amesbury (born 1948 in Kirkland Lake, Ontario) is a Canadian philanthropist, singer-songwriter, composer and filmmaker, who had several Top 40 hits in Canada in the 1970s as Bill Amesbury before coming out as transsexual. Amesbury is the long-time partner of Canadian philanthropist Joan Chalmers.

neg: Bob Stillman Bob Stillman (born December 2, 1954, New York City) is an American actor, singer, and songwriter.

neg: Michael Goldstone Michael Goldstone is an American music industry executive and owner of Mom + Pop Music.

neg: Jonathan Levit Jonathan Levit (born April 20, 1971) is an American magician, actor, television host and theatrical producer. He has appeared in quite a number of movies and television series, and was the host of VH1's reality series, "Celebracadabra". Jonathan also performs frequently at the World Famous Magic Castle in Hollywood.

neg: Adam Streisand Adam F. Streisand is an American trial attorney notable for his involvement in litigation with regard to trusts and estates, including representation of former Microsoft CEO Steve Ballmer in disputes with Donald Sterling's trust, Jeanie Buss in litigation over control of the Los Angeles Lakers and celebrity estates, such as Michael Jackson, Ray Charles, Marlon Brando, Barry White, Dennis Hopper, Michael Crichton, Anna Nicole Smith, Rodney Dangerfield, Joey Bishop, Bing Crosby, Carroll Shelby, Alan Thicke and others.

neg: Will Rothhaar William Edward Lamar "Will" Rothhaar (born January 12, 1987) is an American actor. He was born in New York City, the son of Michael Rothhaar and Nancy Linehan Charles, both of whom are playwrights, actors and directors.

neg: A Star Is Born (soundtrack) A Star Is Born is the soundtrack album to the 1976 musical film of the same name, performed by its stars Barbra Streisand and Kris Kristofferson. The album was very successful, holding the number-one spot on the "Billboard" 200 chart for six weeks and eventually was certified 4x Platinum by RIAA for more than 4 million copies with a reported 15 million copies worldwide in the liner notes of the Streisand's album "Release Me".

neg: Just for the Record... (Barbra Streisand album) Just for the Record... is a box set by American singer Barbra Streisand. It was released by Columbia Records on September 24, 1989. Streisand and her manager, Martin Erlichman, were credited as the album's executive producers. "Just for the Record..." includes a variety of performances throughout Streisand's career, recording from 1955 to 1989. It also features a song taken from her first studio recording session, a cover Mack Gordon and Harry Warren's "You'll Never Know". Other tracks were taken from various live performances, TV specials, and her previous albums from her back catalog.

neg: Joey Sagal Joey Sagal (born February 12, 1957) is an American actor and screenwriter who has played Elvis Presley and George Clooney in movies and on television. He is the son of film director Boris Sagal.

neg: Bob Haas Robert D. Haas (born 1942) is the Chairman Emeritus of Levi Strauss & Co., son of Walter A. Haas Jr., and the great-great-grandnephew of the company's founder, Levi Strauss.

neg: Richard Brancatisano Richard Peter Brancatisano (born 29 October 1983) is an Australian television actor and musician, best known for his roles as Xander Bly, the Green Mystic Ranger, in "" and Dominic Russo on the ABC Family drama series, "Chasing Life".

neg: Joseph Stern Joseph Stern (born September 3, 1940) is an American film, theater and television producer and actor.

neg: Christopher Murray (actor) Christopher Murray (born March 19, 1957 in Los Angeles, California) is an American actor. He is the son of actors Don Murray and Hope Lange, as well as the stepson of film director Alan J. Pakula, Lange's second husband.

neg: Anthony Soprano Jr. Anthony John "A.J." Soprano Jr. (born July 15, 1986), played by Robert Iler, is a fictional character on the HBO TV series "The Sopranos". He is the son of Carmela and Tony Soprano.


query: Who distributed the first in it's series film which Rick Yune played a notable role in?

pos: Rick Yune Rick Yune is an American actor, screenwriter, producer, martial artist and former model. His most notable roles have been in the movies "Snow Falling on Cedars", the first "Fast and Furious" film "The Fast and the Furious", and in the James Bond movie "Die Another Day". He was part of the main cast of the Netflix original series "Marco Polo" until the series was cancelled on December 12, 2016.

pos: The Fast and the Furious The Fast and the Furious (also known as Fast & Furious) is an American franchise based on a series of action films that is largely concerned with illegal street racing and heists, and includes material in various other media that depicts characters and situations from the films. Distributed by Universal Pictures, the series was established with the 2001 film titled "The Fast and the Furious"; this was followed by seven sequels, two short films that tie into the series, and as of May 2017, it has become Universal's biggest franchise of all time, currently the sixth-highest-grossing film series of all time with a combined gross of over $5 billion.

neg: Towa no Quon Towa no Quon (Japanese: トワノクオン , Hepburn: Towa no Kuon , lit. "Eternal Quon", also romanized as Towanoquon) , is a 2011 Japanese animated supernatural film series consisting of six films and directed by Umanosuke Iida. The first film in the series was released in theaters on June 18, 2011 and the last on November 26, 2011. The anime series has been licensed by Sentai Filmworks in North America.

neg: Not One Less Not One Less () is a 1999 drama film by Chinese director Zhang Yimou, adapted from Shi Xiangsheng's 1997 story "A Sun in the Sky" (). It was produced by Guangxi Film Studio and released by China Film Group Corporation in mainland China, and distributed by Sony Pictures Classics and Columbia TriStar internationally.

neg: Media Asia Entertainment Group Media Asia Entertainment Group (), Media Asia Group (, ), is a Hong Kong production company and film distributor for films made in Hong Kong and throughout China. It is a subsidiary of Lai Sun Development Company Ltd.

neg: Ultraman Cosmos: The First Contact Ultraman Cosmos: The First Contact (ウルトラマンコスモス THE FIRST CONTACT , Urutoraman Kosumosu: Za Fāsuto Kontakuto ) is Ultraman Cosmos's first theatrical film adaptation, and was released in Japan on August 3, 2001. It is a tokusatsu superhero film in the Ultraman franchise, it also celebrates the 35th anniversary of the franchise. It is a direct prequel to the original Ultraman Cosmos television series.

neg: Dead in Tombstone Dead in Tombstone is a 2013 American direct-to-video action-horror western film produced by Universal 1440 Entertainment. It was directed by Roel Reiné and written by Shane Kuhn and Brendan Cowles. The film stars Danny Trejo as Guerrero, a gang leader who gets double-crossed by his fellow gang members. Striking a pact with the Devil after entering Hell, he resurfaces to the earthly world to avenge his own death by killing the men who murdered him. The film was released in home media on October 22, 2013 and was followed by a sequel, "Dead Again in Tombstone" (2017).

neg: Press It Press It is the first full length studio album by SHINee's Taemin. It was released on February 23, 2016, by SM Entertainment. The title song for this album was "Press Your Number".

neg: Office (2015 Hong Kong film) Office is a 2015 Hong Kong-Chinese musical comedy-drama film produced and directed by Johnnie To and starring Chow Yun-fat, Sylvia Chang, Eason Chan and Tang Wei. The film is an adaptation of the 2008 play "Design for Living", which was created by and starred Chang. "Office" premiered at the 2015 Toronto International Film Festival and was theatrically released on 2 September 2015 in China and 24 September in Hong Kong in 3D.

neg: Daniel Yun Daniel Yun () is a Singaporean veteran film producer, media practitioner, and marketer. He has extensive experience in advertising and marketing, including running his own marketing and promotion company, Channels Marketing, before moving into the broadcast and movie industry. He joined Singapore Broadcasting Corporation Radio as Vice-President of Radio Sales in 1991 and became Head of Programming in 1992. He then went on to establish and head the Marketing Communications as well as the Programming and Acquisition departments for Television Corporation of Singapore (TCS) in 1994.

neg: Tiny Times Tiny Times (Chinese: 小时代), also known as Tiny Times 1.0 is the first installment of the film series written and directed by Guo Jingming and based on the best-selling novel of the same name also by Guo.

neg: Tiny Times (franchise) "Tiny Times" is a Chinese film series directed and written by Guo Jingming.

neg: In the Groove (series) In the Groove (commonly abbreviated ITG) was a series of music video games that used a four-panel dance pad. The series was first distributed by Roxor Games during a time when four-panel dance games in the arcade market were on the decline. As of October 18, 2006, Konami (makers of "Dance Dance Revolution") has acquired the intellectual property rights to the series.

neg: Once Upon a Time in China (film series) Once Upon a Time in China is a Hong Kong film franchise directed, written, and produced by Tsui Hark. The stories are based on the life of Chinese folk hero Wong Fei-hung, who is portrayed by Jet Li in the first three films and Vincent Zhao in the fourth and fifth films. The first two films in the franchise were among the most popular of the Golden Age of Hong Kong cinema (usually dated from 1986 to 1993) and were known for their depiction of Chinese nationalism as well as action choreography. The "Once Upon a Time in China" films were among Jet Li's best known hits at that time.

neg: S.W.A.T. (film) S.W.A.T. is a 2003 American action crime thriller film directed by Clark Johnson, and is based on the 1975 television series of the same name. It stars Samuel L. Jackson, Colin Farrell, Michelle Rodriguez and LL Cool J. It was produced by Neal H. Moritz and released in the United States on August 8, 2003.

neg: Monsters, Inc. (franchise) Monsters, Inc. is a CGI animated film series and Disney media franchise that began with the 2001 film, "Monsters, Inc.", produced by Pixar and distributed by Walt Disney Pictures. The original film was followed by a prequel film, "Monsters University", released in 2013.

neg: See This Movie See This Movie is a 2004 comedy film written by David M. Rosenthal and Joseph Matthew Smith, and directed by Rosenthal. The film stars Seth Meyers and John Cho, and also features Jessica Paré, Jim Piddock, and Jessalyn Gilsig, with cameo appearances by Patton Oswalt, Miguel Arteta, and the film's executive producers Chris Weitz and Paul Weitz.

neg: Insidious (film series) Insidious is a series of American horror films from FilmDistrict except for the third one which was released by Gramercy Pictures. There are four films in the franchise, "Insidious" (2010), "" (2013), and "" (2015), which have grossed a total of $357.7 million worldwide. The fourth film is scheduled for 2018 release.

neg: The Flintstones (film series) The Flintstones is a live-action comedy film series based on the Hanna-Barbera animated television series of the same name. It consists of two films that are both directed by Brian Levant and released by Universal Pictures and Amblin Entertainment.

neg: The Street Fighter The Street Fighter (激突！殺人拳 , "Gekitotsu! Satsujin Ken" ) , literally "Clash, Killer Fist!", is a Japanese martial arts film released in 1974 and produced by Toei Company Ltd. It was released in the US by New Line Cinema and became one of the first films to be a commercial success for the distributor. It is notable as the first film to receive an X-rating in the United States solely for violence. In the UK it was originally released as "Kung Fu Streetfighter", presumably to avoid confusion with the Charles Bronson movie "Hard Times" which was initially released as "The Streetfighter" in the UK.

neg: Stitch! The Movie Stitch! The Movie is an American direct-to-video animated film in the "Lilo & Stitch" franchise, released on August 26, 2003. Although it follows the events of the first film (and, by extension, the 2005 direct-to-video sequel ""), it is often considered more of a backdoor pilot for the spin-off series "". The story is an introduction to Dr. Jumba Jookiba's 625 experiments (made prior to Stitch) that he created with the financing of Dr. Jacques von Hämsterviel. The film was produced by Walt Disney Pictures and Walt Disney Television Animation, with animation done by Rough Draft Korea and Starburst Animation.

neg: Poltergeist (film series) Poltergeist is an American horror film series distributed by Metro-Goldwyn-Mayer during the 1980s. The original trilogy revolves around the members of the Freeling family, who are stalked and terrorized by a group of ghosts lead by a demon known as the Beast that are attracted to the youngest daughter, Carol Anne. The original film was co-written and produced by Steven Spielberg. The "Poltergeist" films collected a total of approximately $132 million at the United States box office.


query: What Wes Anderson film is about a fox who steals food from wealthy farmers?

pos: Fantastic Mr Fox Fantastic Mr Fox is a children's novel written by British author Roald Dahl. It was published in 1970, by George Allen & Unwin in the UK and Alfred A. Knopf in the U.S., with illustrations by Donald Chaffin. The first UK Puffin paperback, first issued in 1974, featured illustrations by Jill Bennett. Later editions have featured illustrations by Tony Ross (1988) and Quentin Blake (1996). The story is about Mr Fox and how he outwits his farmer neighbours to steal their food from right under their noses. In 2009, it was adapted into a film by Wes Anderson.

pos: Fantastic Mr. Fox (film) Fantastic Mr. Fox is a 2009 American stop-motion animated comedy film based on Roald Dahl's children's novel of the same name. The film is about a fox who steals food each night from three mean and wealthy farmers. They are fed up with Mr. Fox's theft and try to kill him, so they dig their way into the foxes' home, but the animals are able to outwit the farmers and live underground.

neg: Wilt (film) Wilt is a 1989 film adaptation by LWT of the Tom Sharpe novel of the same name. The story follows the comic misadventures of the eponymous Henry Wilt as he is accused of the murder of his wife when she suddenly goes missing after a party at a friend's house where they have a very public argument.

neg: Fox, goose and bag of beans puzzle The fox, goose and bag of beans puzzle is a river crossing puzzle. It dates back to at least the 9th century, and has entered the folklore of a number of ethnic groups.

neg: The Croods The Croods is a 2013 American 3D computer-animated comedy adventure film produced by DreamWorks Animation and distributed by 20th Century Fox. It stars the voices of Nicolas Cage, Emma Stone, Ryan Reynolds, Catherine Keener, Clark Duke, and Cloris Leachman. The film is set in a fictional prehistoric Pliocene era known as "The Croodaceous" (a prehistoric period which contains fictional prehistoric creatures) when a caveman's position as a "Leader of the Hunt" is threatened by the arrival of a prehistoric genius who comes up with revolutionary new inventions as they trek through a dangerous but exotic land in search of a new home.

neg: The Flying Fox of Snowy Mountain (1978 film) The Flying Fox of Snowy Mountain is a 1978 Hong Kong film adapted from Louis Cha's novels "Fox Volant of the Snowy Mountain" and "The Young Flying Fox". The series was produced by CTV.

neg: Skrat In folklore, a Skrat is a mischievous creature often possessing gold and other riches. Stories about Skrats often revolve around the Skrat being tricked out of its treasure or else the Skrat fooling the treasure seeker by unexpectedly making the treasure disappear. Skrats can aid farmers with whom they are living, although this is usually at the expense of the farmer's neighbours from whom they steal.

neg: Farmkids Farmkids (styled as FARMkids) is an Australian computer-animated comedy television series about pampered zoo animals accidentally being shipped to a dude ranch. 13 episodes aired in Series 1 and another 13 in Series 2.

neg: Feral animal A feral animal (from Latin "fera", "a wild beast") is an animal living in the wild but descended from domesticated individuals.

neg: Animal Trilogy The Animal Trilogy consists of three consecutively released Italian giallo films by Dario Argento: "The Bird with the Crystal Plumage" (1969), "The Cat o' Nine Tails" (1971) and "Four Flies on Grey Velvet" (1972). The giallo trilogy has had an influence on horror films and murder mysteries made outside of Italy since the late 1960s.

neg: How to Steal a Dog How to Steal a Dog (; lit. "The Perfect Way to Steal a Dog") is a 2014 South Korean film directed by Kim Sung-ho, based on the novel of the same name by Barbara O'Connor.

neg: Golden Fox Golden Fox is a novel by Wilbur Smith, one of the Courtney Novels. It is set from 1969 to 1979 and touches on the South African Border War and the revolution in Ethiopia.

neg: Fox games The fox is placed in the middle of the board, and 13 geese are placed on one side of the board. The fox and geese can move to any empty space around them (also diagonally). The fox can jump over geese like in checkers, capturing them. Repeated jumps are possible. Geese can not jump. Unlike in Halatafl, capturing is not mandatory. The geese win if they surround the fox so that it cannot move. The fox wins if it captures enough geese so that the remaining geese cannot surround it.

neg: Wind River (film) Wind River is a 2017 American neo-western murder mystery thriller film written and directed by Taylor Sheridan. The film stars Jeremy Renner and Elizabeth Olsen as a U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service tracker and an FBI agent, respectively, who try to solve a murder on the Wind River Indian Reservation in Wyoming. Gil Birmingham and Graham Greene also star. According to Sheridan, the opening "inspired by true events" card was a reference to the "thousands of actual stories just like it" involving sexual assault of women on reservations, his primary motivation for writing the film.

neg: Yobi, the Five Tailed Fox Yobi, the Five Tailed Fox (Korean: 천년여우 여우비 ) is a 2007 animated Korean film by Lee Sung-gang, the director of "My Beautiful Girl, Mari". The film loosely draws upon the Korean folk tales of the "kumiho".

neg: Woodpecker (2008 film) Woodpecker is a 2008 comedic film starring Jon Hyrns and directed by Alex Karpovsky. The film follows Hyrns and his cohort, Wesley Yang, as they obsessively search the Arkansas bayou for proof that ivory-billed woodpecker is in fact not extinct.

neg: Fox Evil Fox Evil is a novel by British crime-writer Minette Walters. It won the Crime Writers' Association Gold Dagger in 2003, making her one of the few writers to win the award more than once.

neg: Wildlife farming Wildlife farming refers to the raising of non-domesticated animals in an agricultural setting to produce whole living animals (to keep as pets) and commodities such as food, traditional medicine and fiber.

neg: Sky Pirates Sky Pirates (Also known as Dakota Harris) is a 1986 Australian adventure film written and produced by John D. Lamond, and directed by Colin Eggleston. It was inspired by Steven Spielberg's "Raiders of the Lost Ark" (1981), as well as borrowing liberally from "The Philadelphia Experiment" (1984), "The Deer Hunter" (1978), "Dirty Harry" (1971) and "Mad Max" (1979).

neg: Coyote Falls Coyote Falls is a 2010 Looney Tunes film starring characters Wile E. Coyote and the Road Runner. It is directed by Matthew O'Callaghan, written by , produced by Reel FX Creative Studios and released by Warner Bros. Animation. It is the first Wile E. Coyote and Road Runner movie to be made into CGI in 3D (the first theatrically released 3-D WB animated short since 1953's "Lumber Jack-Rabbit") and it was theatrically released with "".

neg: Murder of Marion Parker Marion Parker (October 11, 1915 – December 17, 1927) was the 12-year-old daughter of Perry Parker, a prominent banker in Los Angeles. She had a twin sister named Marjorie. On December 15, 1927, Marion was abducted from her school and later killed by William Edward Hickman (February 1, 1908 – October 19, 1928), who called himself "The Fox". Her murder has since become the subject of folk songs.


query: From which city did the painter of The Badia Polyptych come ?

pos: Badia Polyptych The Badia Polyptych (Italian: "Polittico di Badia") is a painting by the Italian artist Giotto, painted around 1300 and housed in the Uffizi Gallery of Florence.

pos: Giotto Giotto di Bondone ( 1270 – January 8, 1337), known mononymously as Giotto (] ) and latinised as Giottus, was an Italian painter and architect from Florence during the Late Middle Ages. He worked during the "Gothic or Proto-Renaissance" period.

neg: Jan Styka Jan Styka (April 8, 1858 in Lwów – April 11, 1925 in Rome) was a Polish painter noted for producing large historical, battle-piece, and Christian religious panoramas. He was also illustrator and poet. Known also as a great patriotic speaker - his speeches were printed in 1915 under the French title "L'ame de la Pologne" (The Soul of Poland).

neg: Tripo Kokolja Tripo Kokolja (February 28, 1661 – October 18, 1713) was a Venetian painter from the Bay of Kotor. He is chiefly remembered today for introducing the still life and landscape painting into the art of the eastern Adriatic.

neg: Martin Kober Martin Kober (also "Chober, Cober, Coeber, Khober, Koeber, Koebner", Polish: "Marcin Kober" ) (ca. 1550 – before 1598) was a portrait painter and court painter to different Central European monarchs - King Stephen Báthory, Rudolf II, Holy Roman Emperor, Queen Anna Jagiellon and King Sigismund III Vasa, active mainly in the Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth.

neg: Peter Fendi Peter Fendi (4 September 1796 – 28 August 1842) was an Austrian court painter, portrait and genre painter, engraver, and lithographer. He was one of the leading artists of the Biedermeier period.

neg: Władysław Łuszczkiewicz Władysław Łuszczkiewicz (September 3, 1828 – May 23, 1900) was a Polish historical painter of the late Romantic era from Kraków, active in the period of the foreign partitions of Poland. He was a professor at the Academy of Fine Arts and served as its principal in 1893/95. One of his best students was Jan Matejko, the eminent Polish historical painter and later, his close associate. Łuszczkiewicz taught painting, drawing, anatomy and architectural styles. Highly educated, he also worked as conservator of architectural monuments in the city later on in his career, and wrote historical dissertations.

neg: Vincentas Dmachauskas Vincentas Dmachauskas or, in Polish, Wincenty Dmochowski (Belarusian: Вінцэнт Дмахоўскі; 1805/07, Nogorodovichi, Dzyatlava District – 6 March 1862, Vilnius) was a Belarusian-born Lithuanian painter and scenographer in the Romantic style.

neg: Jan Ksawery Kaniewski Jan Ksawery Kaniewski, also known in Italian as Francesco Saverio Kaniewski (1805 – 13 April 1867) was a Polish painter trained in St. Petersburg who spent several years in Rome. He was particularly known for his portraits and his depictions of historical and Biblical scenes.

neg: Vasily Volkov Vasily Alekseyevich Volkov (Russian: Василий Алексеевич Волков; 21 March 1840, Saint Petersburg – 22 April 1907, Poltava) was a Russian-Ukrainian Academic painter; known primarily for portraits and historical scenes.

neg: Bartholomeus Spranger Bartholomeus Spranger (name variations: "Bartholomaeus" or "Bartholomäus" and "Spraneers"; 21 March 1546 in Antwerp – 1611 in Prague) was a Flemish painter, draughtsman, sculptor and etcher who became a painter to the imperial court in Prague. His unique style combining elements of Netherlandish painting and Italian influences, in particular the Roman Mannerists, had an important influence on other artists in Prague and beyond.

neg: Albertus Pictor Albertus Pictor (English, "Albert the Painter"; Immenhusen, c. 1440 – c. 1507), also called Albert Pictor, Albert Målare and Albrekt Pärlstickare (Swedish), is the most famous late medieval Swedish painter, known for his wallpaintings surviving in numerous churches in southern and central Sweden. Celebrations for the quincentenary of his death were arranged for 2009.

neg: Gabriele Castagnola Gabriele Castagnola (14 November 1828 – 30 August 1883) was an Italian artist born in Genoa and active in Florence. He worked in oil painting and chromolithography in an academic style. This style of painting and sculpture derived from the Academies where most artists received their formal training, and is characterized by its high finish, use of mythological or historical subject matter, and moralistic tone. Castagnola's paintings are often somewhat sentimental and often focus on themes of love and romance. The romance of the Early Renaissance painter Filippo Lippi with the young novice Lucrezia Buti is a recurring theme in his pieces, as are nuns in general.

neg: Michael Neher Michael Neher (1798 at Munich – 1876 in Munich), the son of Joseph Neher, a citizen and painter of that city, but of a family from Biberach. Michael received a classical education, and was instructed in the rudiments of painting by Mitterer, and in 1813 entered the Academy at Munich. From 1816 to 1818 he studied under Matthias Klotz, and was then employed by Angelo Quaglio in his theatrical work. After having worked for some time as scene-painter at the Court Theatre, he went to Trento, Milan, and Trieste, and painted portraits. In 1819 he was encouraged by Hieronymus Hess, at Rome, to devote himself to genre painting. On his return to Munich in 1823 he became Conservator of the Art Union. In 1839 he painted several saloons in the Hohenschwangen Schloss, after sketches of Schwind, Gasner, and Schwanthaler. He, however, in 1837 devoted himself entirely to architectural painting, and travelled for improvement on the Rhine, and in Belgium. He was received an honorary member of the Academy at Munich in 1876, and died there in the same year.

neg: Saint Vincent Panels The Saint Vincent Panels, or the "Adoration of Saint Vincent" panels, are a polyptych consisting of six panels that were perhaps painted in the 1450s. They are attributed to the Portuguese painter Nuno Gonçalves, who was active from 1450 to 1471. Traditionally, the polyptych is dated to the 1450s due to the putative prominence of Prince Henry the Navigator among the persons represented in the panels (Henry died in 1460). Controversy concerning the true nature of Henry's presence in the panels - if any - along with the inclusion of figures that can be identified as his brothers, all of whom died before 1450, renders it difficult to assign any secure date for the creation of the panels other than sometime during the "floruit" of the painter Gonçalves.

neg: Nicos Nicolaides Nicos Nicolaides (Greek: Νίκος Νικολαΐδης ) was a Greek painter and writer.

neg: Magdalena Pietersz Magdalena Pietersz (before 1560 – after 1592), was a Dutch renaissance painter.

neg: Valle Romita Polyptych The Valle Romita Polyptych (Italian: "Polittico di Valle Romita") is a painting by the Italian late Gothic painter Gentile da Fabriano, dating from c. 1410-1412 and now housed in the Pinacoteca di Brera in Milan. It was originally executed for the Franciscan hermitage of Valle Romita near Gentile's birthplace, Fabriano.

neg: Konstantin Kapıdağlı Konstantin Kapıdağlı, born Konstantinos Kyzikinos (Greek: Κωνσταντίνος Κυζικηνός ), was a Greek–Ottoman court painter from the late 18th century to the early 19th century. Most of his works were created around 1789–1806.

neg: Bacchus (Leonardo) Bacchus, formerly "Saint John the Baptist", is a painting in the Musée du Louvre, Paris, France, based on a drawing by the Italian Renaissance artist Leonardo da Vinci. It is presumed to have been executed by an unknown follower, perhaps in Leonardo's workshop. Sydney J. Freedberg assigns the drawing to Leonardo's second Milan period. Among the Lombard painters who have been suggested as possible authors are Cesare da Sesto, Marco d'Oggiono, Francesco Melzi, and Cesare Bernazzano. The painting shows a male figure with garlanded head and leopard skin, seated in an idyllic landscape. He points with his right hand off to his left, and with his left hand grasps his thyrsus and also points down to earth.

neg: Carl Joseph Begas Carl Joseph Begas, or Karl Begas, (30 September 1794 – 24 November 1854), was a German historical painter born at Heinsberg near Aachen. His father, a retired judge, destined him for the legal profession, but the boy's tastes pointed definitely in another direction. Even at school he was remarked for his wonderful skill in drawing and painting, and in 1812 he was permitted to visit Paris in order to perfect his art.

neg: Biagio Betti Biagio Betti (1535–1605) was an Italian painter of the late-Renaissance or Mannerist period. He was born in Cutigliano. He became, in 1557, a monk of the order of the Theatines of San Silvestro al Quirinale, and his works are principally confined to the monastery of that order in Rome.


query: In Australian parliamentary practice, the Father of which Commonwealth Parliament or the Federal Parliament, is the legislative branch of the government of Australia, and is the more senior of the Father of the Senate and the House of Representatives?

pos: Father of the Australian Parliament In Australian parliamentary practice, the Father of the Australian Parliament is the more senior of the Father of the Senate and the Father of the House of Representatives. It is an informal, honorific title which carries no parliamentary responsibilities. Where two or more parliamentarians have had equal lengths of continuous service, more than any other currently serving parliamentarian, they are known as the joint Fathers of the Parliament. The current Father of the Parliament is Senator Ian Macdonald who has held the title since 10 May 2016.

pos: Parliament of Australia The Parliament of the Commonwealth of Australia, variously referred to as the Australian Parliament, the Commonwealth Parliament or the Federal Parliament, is the legislative branch of the government of Australia. It consists of three elements: the Queen of Australia, the Senate and the House of Representatives. The Queen is represented by the Governor-General. The combination of two elected Houses, in which the members of the Senate represent the six States and the two self-governing Territories while the members of the House represent electoral divisions according to population, is modelled on the United States Congress. Through both Houses, however, there is a fused executive, drawn from the Westminster System.

neg: Australian federal election, 1934 Federal elections were held in Australia on 15 September 1934. All 74 seats in the House of Representatives, and 18 of the 36 seats in the Senate were up for election. The incumbent United Australia Party led by Prime Minister of Australia Joseph Lyons with coalition partner the Country Party led by Earle Page defeated the opposition Australian Labor Party led by James Scullin. Labor's share of the primary vote fell to an even lower number than in the 1931 election due to the Lang Labor split, but it was able to pick up an extra four seats on preferences and therefore improve on its position. The Coalition suffered an eight-seat swing, forcing Lyons to take the Country Party into his government (the UAP had governed alone in the previous term).

neg: Senate (Trinidad and Tobago) The Senate is the appointed upper house of the bicameral Parliament of Trinidad and Tobago. The Senate sits in the Red House in Port of Spain. The Senate has 31 members all appointed by the President: 16 Government Senators appointed on the advice of the Prime Minister, 6 Opposition Senators appointed on the advice of the Leader of the Opposition and 9 Independent Senators appointed in the discretion of the President from outstanding persons who represent other sectors of civil society. The presiding officer, the President of the Senate, is elected from among the Senators who are not Ministers or Parliamentary Secretaries (Parliamentary secretary). A senator must be at least 25 years old and a citizen of Trinidad and Tobago.

neg: Department of Education (Australia) The Australian Department of Education was a department of the Government of Australia charged with the responsibility for national policies and programs to help Australians access quality and affordable childcare; early childhood education, school education, post-school, higher education, international education and academic research. The head of the department was the Secretary of the Department of Education, Lisa Paul {'1': ", '2': ", '3': ", '4': "} , who reported to the Minister for Education, the Hon. Christopher Pyne {'1': ", '2': ", '3': ", '4': "} , the Assistant Minister for Education, the Hon. Sussan Ley {'1': ", '2': ", '3': ", '4': "} , and the Parliamentary Secretary to the Minister for Education, Senator the Hon. Scott Ryan.

neg: Philip McBride Sir Philip Albert Martin McBride KCMG (18 June 1892 – 14 July 1982) was an Australian politician. He was a United Australia Party member of the Australian House of Representatives for Grey from 1931 to 1937 and the Australian Senate from 1937 to 1944, and a Liberal Party of Australia member of the House of Representatives for Wakefield from 1946 to 1958. He served as a minister in both of Robert Menzies' governments, as Minister for the Army and Minister for Repatriation (1940), Minister for Supply and Development and Minister for Munitions (1940–1941), Minister for the Interior (1949–1950), and Minister for Defence (1950–1958).

neg: Treasurer of Australia The Treasurer of Australia is the minister in the Government of Australia responsible for government expenditure and revenue raising. The Treasurer plays a key role in the economic policy of the government. By strong Constitutional convention, the Treasurer is always a member of the Parliament of Australia with a seat in the House of Representatives.

neg: Section 51(xxix) of the Constitution of Australia Section 51(xxix) of the Australian Constitution is a subsection of Section 51 of the Australian Constitution that gives the Commonwealth Parliament of Australia the right to legislate with respect to "external affairs".

neg: Andrew Murray (Australian politician) Andrew James Marshall Murray (born 29 January 1947) is an Australian politician. He was an Australian Democrats member of the Australian Senate from 1996 to 2008, representing Western Australia. In 2013, Murray was appointed a Royal Commissioner on the Australian Government Royal Commission into Institutional Responses to Child Sexual Abuse.

neg: Bob Ellicott Robert James "Bob" Ellicott {'1': ", '2': ", '3': ", '4': "} (born 15 April 1927) is an Australian lawyer, politician and judge. Ellicott is one of only six politicians to have served in both the Parliament of Australia and the Federal Court of Australia, along with Nigel Bowen, Merv Everett, Tony Whitlam, John Reeves and Duncan Kerr.

neg: Cabinet Secretary (Australian minister) The Cabinet Secretary was a former title conferred on an Australian minister responsible for assisting the Prime Minister to manage the day-to-day procedural and operational matters of the Cabinet and any Cabinet committees. As per all other ministers in the Westminster system, the Cabinet Secretary was a sitting member of Parliament, chosen by the Prime Minister and officially appointed by the Governor-General. The Cabinet Secretary was a portfolio minister of the Department of the Prime Minister and Cabinet and existed at various stages between 2007 and 2017, when the position was abolished.

neg: Larry Anthony Lawrence James "Larry" Anthony (born 17 December 1961) is a former Australian politician. He was a National Party of Australia member of the Australian House of Representatives representing the Division of Richmond, New South Wales, from the March 1996 election until his defeat in the 2004 election. He held the seat that was previously held by his father, Doug Anthony, and his grandfather, Larry Anthony, senior. The Anthonys are the only three-generation dynasty in the history of the House of Representatives.

neg: Crossbencher A crossbencher is an independent or minor party member of some legislatures, such as the British House of Lords and in the Parliament of Australia. They take their name from the crossbenches, between and perpendicular to the government and opposition benches, where crossbenchers sit in the chamber.

neg: President of the Senate of South Africa The President of the Senate presided over the Senate of South Africa, the upper house of the Parliament of South Africa. The President was chosen from among the Senators at its first sitting following a general election and whenever the office was vacant. The President acted as a "referee", taking charge of debates to make sure that the Senators could participate freely while keeping to the rules. The President also had managerial duties to ensure that Senate runs smoothly. Each political party in the Senate elected a chief whip to run its affairs. The presiding officers, the chief whips, and the Leader of Government Business (the person appointed by the Cabinet to liaise with Parliament) together decided on the programme of work.

neg: Loss of supply Loss of supply occurs where a government in a parliamentary democracy using the Westminster System or a system derived from it is denied a supply of treasury or exchequer funds, by whichever house or houses of parliament or head of state is constitutionally entitled to grant and deny supply. A defeat on a budgetary vote is one such way by which supply can be denied. Loss of supply is typically interpreted as indicating a loss of confidence in the government. Not all "money bills" are necessarily supply bills. For instance, in Australia, supply bills are defined as "bills which are required by the Government to carry on its day-to-day business".

neg: William Senior (politician) William Senior (9 February 1850 – 22 November 1926) was an English-born Australian politician, senator in the Parliament of Australia.

neg: Parliament of New South Wales The Parliament of New South Wales, located in Parliament House on Macquarie Street, Sydney, is the main legislative body in the Australian state of New South Wales (NSW). It is a bicameral parliament elected by the people of the state in general elections. The parliament shares law making powers with the Australian Federal (or Commonwealth) Parliament. It is Australia's oldest legislature. The New South Wales Parliament follows the Westminster parliamentary traditions of dress, Green–Red chamber colours and protocol.

neg: Deputy Premiers of the Australian states The deputy premiers of the Australian states are the second-most senior officers in the governments of the individual states of Australia. The position is generally filled by either the deputy leader of the governing party or the leader of the second-largest party in a governing coalition.

neg: Chief Justice of Western Australia The Chief Justice of Western Australia is the most senior judge of the Supreme Court of Western Australia and the highest ranking judicial officer in the Australian state of Western Australia. The Chief Justice is both the judicial head of the Supreme Court as well as the administrative head. He or she is responsible for arranging the business of the court and establishing its rules and procedures.

neg: Australian federal election, 1987 Federal elections were held in Australia on 11 July 1987, following the granting of a double dissolution on 5 June by the Governor-General Sir Ninian Stephen. Consequently, all 148 seats in the House of Representatives as well as all 76 seats in the Senate were up for election. The incumbent Australian Labor Party, led by Prime Minister Bob Hawke, defeated the opposition Liberal Party of Australia, led by John Howard and the National Party of Australia led by Ian Sinclair.

neg: Leader of the Opposition in the Senate (Australia) Leader of the Opposition in the Senate (Australia)

neg: Seanad Éireann Seanad Éireann ( ; "Senate of Ireland") is the government upper house of the Oireachtas (the Irish legislature), which also comprises the President of Ireland and Dáil Éireann (the lower house). It is commonly called the Seanad or Senate and its members senators ("seanadóirí" in Irish, singular: "seanadóir"). Unlike Dáil Éireann, it is not directly elected but consists of a mixture of members chosen by various methods. Its powers are much weaker than those of the Dáil and it can only delay laws with which it disagrees, rather than veto them outright. It has been located, since its establishment, in Leinster House.


query: What sport did Michael Venus and Yevgeny Kafelnikov both participate in?

pos: Michael Venus (tennis) Michael Venus (born 16 October 1987) is a New Zealand professional tennis player. He reached a career high singles ranking of 274 in July 2011, but is much better known as a leading doubles player with a huge serve. His highest ranking in this discipline is 12, gained in July 2017. He won the final of the 2017 French Open partnering with American Ryan Harrison, and followed that with a runner-up finish in the 2017 US Open mixed doubles with Chan Hao-ching of Chinese Taipei as his partner.

pos: Yevgeny Kafelnikov Yevgeny Aleksandrovich Kafelnikov (Russian: Евгений Александрович Кафельников ] ; born 18 February 1974) is a Russian former world No. 1 tennis player. He won two Grand Slam singles titles, the 1996 French Open and the 1999 Australian Open. He also won four Grand Slam doubles titles, being the last man to have won both the men's singles and doubles titles at the same Grand Slam tournament, which he did at the 1996 French Open.

neg: 2003 WTA Tour Championships The 2003 WTA Tour Championships, also known by its sponsored name Bank of America WTA Tour Championships Presented by Porsche, was a women's tennis tournament played on indoor hard courts at the Staples Center in Los Angeles, United States. It was the 33rd edition of the year-end singles championships, the 28th edition of the year-end doubles championships, and was part of the 2003 WTA Tour. The tournament was held between November 4 and November 10, 2003. First-seeded Kim Clijsters won the singles event and earned $1,000,030 first-prize money as well as 485 ranking points. With her victory Clijsters became the first female tennis player to earn $US4 million in a season. For the first time since 1978 a round robin system was used, after the men's Tennis Masters Cup. Two groups of four players were formed and each contender had to play three matches. Also, for singles, instead of the top sixteen players qualifying, only top eight qualified for the WTA Tour Championships. For doubles, the top four pairs (previously top eight) pairs qualified for the WTA Tour Championships, but still continued with the single elimination format.

neg: 1984 French Open – Women's Doubles The Women's Doubles tournament at the 1984 French Open was held from 26 May until 10 June 1984 on the outdoor clay courts at the Stade Roland Garros in Paris, France. Martina Navratilova and Pam Shriver won the title, defeating Claudia Kohde-Kilsch and Hana Mandlíková in the final.

neg: Michael Ferreira Michael Ferreira (born 1 October 1938 in Bombay [now Mumbai]), nicknamed "the Bombay Tiger", is notable amateur player of English billiards from India, and a three-time Amateur World Champion. He participated in the Indian National Billiards Championship in 1960 for the first time, and in 1964 represented India in the World Amateur Billiards Championship (WABC) held in New Zealand, where he progressed to the semi-finals. In 1977, he won his first World Amateur Billiards Champion title and followed it up with the World Open Billiards Championship title in the same year. He has two other WABC titles. In 1978 he became the first amateur to break the barrier of 1,000 points, in the billiards national championships, and created a new amateur world record by scoring 1,149 points.

neg: Michel Kratochvil Michel Frank Kratochvil (born 7 April 1979) is a former tennis player from Switzerland. He was a member of the Swiss Davis Cup Team between 2000–2004 with a singles record 3–9, winning the decider in the first round of the 2003 World Group against Martin Verkerk of Netherlands 1–6, 7–6, 7–6, 6–1. He played doubles alongside Roger Federer in the 2002 Gstaad Open who was the defending champion but lost in the first round this time. He also defeated reigning champion Andre Agassi in the first round 2002 Indian Wells Masters.

neg: 2002 St. Petersburg Open – Doubles Denis Golovanov and Yevgeny Kafelnikov were the defending champions but lost in the quarterfinals to Irakli Labadze and Marat Safin.

neg: Ilija Lupulesku Ilija Lupulesku (born October 30, 1967 in Uzdin) is a former Serbian-Yugoslav and later American table tennis player who competed in the 1988, 1992, 1996, 2000 and in the 2004 Summer Olympics. He became a naturalized American citizen in 2002 and competed for the United States from 2004 to 2006 including 2004 Summer Olympics. Ilija Lupulesku played his first game of table tennis at age nine in his small hometown of Uzdin, Yugoslavia. After seeing other children playing at his local school, he picked up a paddle and began what would become his life's ambition. Despite his love and talent for soccer, Lupulesku, under the watchful eye of first coach Jon Bosika, committed himself to training and by age 14 was the top player on the Yugoslavian Junior National Table Tennis Team. Over the next 12 years, he would rise through the ranks of the world's best players and become one of the largest sport celebrities in his native Yugoslavia.

neg: 1992 Federation Cup (tennis) The 1992 Federation Cup was the 30th edition of the most important competition between national teams in women's tennis. For the first time, qualifying rounds were split among three regional zones, each sending teams to the main World Group tournament. Germany defeated Spain in the final, held on 19 July, giving Germany their second title and first since the German reunification.

neg: Ivan Lendl Ivan Lendl (] ; born March 7, 1960) is a retired tennis player originally from Czechoslovakia who became a United States citizen in 1992. He is often considered among the greatest in the sport's history. He was the world No. 1 for 270 weeks in the 1980s and finished his career with 94 singles titles. At the majors he won eight titles and was runner-up a record 11 times. He also won seven year-end championships and a record 22 Grand Prix Super Series titles.

neg: Table tennis at the 2016 Summer Olympics Table tennis at the 2016 Summer Olympics in Rio de Janeiro took place from 6 to 17 August 2016 at the third pavilion of Riocentro. Around 172 table tennis players (equally distributed between men and women) competed in both the singles and team events. Table tennis had appeared at the Summer Olympics on seven previous occasions beginning with the 1988 Summer Olympics in Seoul. In addition to men's and women's singles, the team events were staged for the third time since replacing doubles events at the 2008 Summer Olympics in Beijing.

neg: 2016 Israel Open – Doubles Mate Pavić and Michael Venus were the defending champions, but decided not to defend their title.

neg: Miloslav Mečíř Miloslav Mečíř (] ) (born 19 May 1964) is a former professional tennis player from Slovakia. He won the men's singles gold medal at the 1988 Olympic Games, where he represented Czechoslovakia, and played in two Grand Slam singles finals. In 1987 he won the WCT Finals, the major season-ending championship for the World Championship Tennis tour.

neg: Michael Windisch Michael Windisch (born August 9, 1976) is an Austrian former swimmer, who specialized in butterfly and in individual medley events. He is a 2000 Olympian and a member of Wolfsberger Swimming Club in Wolfsberg, Carinthia. While studying in the United States, Windisch was named to the men's GTE Academic All-American athletes' team for the fall season. Although he was born in South Africa, Windisch held a dual residency status to compete internationally for his parents' homeland Austria.

neg: Paris Masters The Paris Masters is an annual tennis tournament for male professional players held in Paris, France. It is played indoors at the AccorHotels Arena. The event is part of the ATP World Tour Masters 1000 on the Association of Tennis Professionals (ATP) Tour. In 1989 it was one of the premier nine tournaments of the Grand Prix Tour and part of the Grand Prix Super Series replacing the Tokyo Open. The event is usually the final tournament on the tour before the season-ending ATP World Tour Finals. Because of its sponsorship, the event is officially known as the BNP Paribas Masters. Prior to the Tennis Masters Series replacing the ATP Super 9 in 2000, the event was known as the Paris Open. It is also often referred to as the Paris Indoor event.

neg: Pavel Vízner Pavel Vízner (born 15 July 1970) is a retired professional male tennis player from the Czech Republic. Vízner has reached the French Open final twice, having had turned professional in 1990 and achieved a career high doubles ranking of World No. 5 in November 2007.

neg: Russian Cup (tennis) The Russian Cup (Russian: Русский Кубок ) is an annual major national Russian sports award given to tennis players, coaches, companies and other organizations and people that contributed in the development of that sport in Russia. The cup was established in 1994 by then-Vice President of the Russian Tennis Federation Dmitry Vikharev and the President of IC Arman. It was organized by Anatoly Gusev in the following two years, and after his death in 1996 his wife Lyudmila Guseva and businessman Alexander Cherkasov continued its organization.

neg: 2010 Karshi Challenger – Singles Rainer Eitzinger was the champion in 2009, but he decided to not compete this year.<br>Blaž Kavčič won the final against Michael Venus 7–6(6), 7–6(5).

neg: 2008 ATP Masters Series The ATP Masters Series are part of the elite tour for professional men's tennis organized by the Association of Tennis Professionals called the ATP Tour.

neg: Virtua Tennis 2 Virtua Tennis 2 (known as Tennis 2K2 in the United States and Power Smash 2 in Japan) is a sequel to "Virtua Tennis" that was released for the Sega Dreamcast, Sega NAOMI arcade unit and Sony's PlayStation 2 (known as Sega Sports Tennis) in 2001. New features included the ability to slice and play as female players such as Seles, Serena Williams, Venus Williams and Davenport and the males such as Rafter, Norman, Enqvist and Moya and mixed doubles matches. The game was created and produced by Hitmaker, with Acclaim Entertainment publishing it in Europe for the PS2. This was the last Virtua Tennis game to be released for the Dreamcast following its discontinuation.

neg: Hawaii Open Seiko Super Tennis was the 1984 name of a men's professional tennis tournament played in Maui or Honolulu, Hawaii from 1974 through 1984. It was played in Maui every year except 1984, when it was played in Honolulu. The event was played on outdoor hard courts.

neg: Goran Ivanišević Goran Ivanišević (; born 13 September 1971) is a retired Croatian professional tennis player and current tennis coach. He is the only person to win the men's singles title at Wimbledon as a wildcard. He achieved this in 2001, having previously been runner-up at the championships in 1992, 1994 and 1998. Before the 2001 tournament, he was ranked 125th and after his victory he was 16th. His career-high singles ranking was World No. 2 (behind Pete Sampras) in 1994. He coached Marin Čilić from September 2013 to July 2016, leading Čilić to his biggest achievement to date, the 2014 US Open title.


query: Where is the setting of the Shakespeare play that utilizes a Maiden's Garland?

pos: Maiden's garland A maiden's garland, also known as a virgin's crown, crants or crantsey, is a crown-shaped garland used as a funeral memento for, usually female, virgins. They are generally made of paper flowers, rosettes and ribbons fixed to a wooden frame. Many are also adorned with white paper gloves, and may be inscribed with verses of poetry and the name of the deceased. The garlands are carried before, or on, the coffin during the funeral procession and afterwards displayed in the church. W.R. Bullen, writing in "The Tablet" in 1926, reports that the "practice of carrying garlands at a maiden's funeral was common in England, Wales and Scotland before the Reformation and after it for two hundred years or more, but the custom has now almost entirely fallen into disuse." Shakespeare refers to the custom in his play "Hamlet", when describing the burial of Ophelia:

pos: Hamlet The Tragedy of Hamlet, Prince of Denmark, often shortened to Hamlet ( ), is a tragedy written by William Shakespeare at an uncertain date between 1599 and 1602. Set in Denmark, the play dramatises the revenge Prince Hamlet is called to wreak upon his uncle, Claudius, by the ghost of Hamlet's father, King Hamlet. Claudius had murdered his own brother and seized the throne, also marrying his deceased brother's widow.

neg: Macbeth Macbeth ( ; full title The Tragedy of Macbeth) is a tragedy by William Shakespeare; it is thought to have been first performed in 1606. It dramatises the damaging physical and psychological effects of political ambition on those who seek power for its own sake. Of all the plays that Shakespeare wrote during the reign of James I, who was patron of Shakespeare's acting company, "Macbeth" most clearly reflects the playwright's relationship with his sovereign. It was first published in the Folio of 1623, possibly from a prompt book, and is Shakespeare's shortest tragedy.

neg: Florizel (The Winter's Tale) Florizel is a fictional character in Shakespeare's "The Winter's Tale".

neg: Twelfth Night Twelfth Night, or What You Will is a comedy by William Shakespeare, believed to have been written around 1601–02 as a Twelfth Night's entertainment for the close of the Christmas season. The play centres on the twins Viola and Sebastian, who are separated in a shipwreck. Viola (who is disguised as Cesario) falls in love with Duke Orsino, who in turn is in love with the Countess Olivia. Upon meeting Viola, Countess Olivia falls in love with her thinking she is a man. The play expanded on the musical interludes and riotous disorder expected of the occasion, with plot elements drawn from the short story "Of Apollonius and Silla" by Barnabe Rich, based on a story by Matteo Bandello. The first recorded performance was on 2 February 1602, at Candlemas, the formal end of Christmastide in the year's calendar. The play was not published until its inclusion in the 1623 First Folio.

neg: Crollalanza theory of Shakespeare authorship The Crollalanza theory of Shakespeare's identity posits that Shakespeare was an Italian called Michelangelo Florio a.k.a. "Crollalanza", whose mother's family name is variously given as Crollalanza or Scrollalanza ("shake-speare"). He is said to have emigrated to England where he became (or at least was responsible for the works attributed to) William Shakespeare supposedly of Stratford-upon-Avon. First proposed in the 1920s, at which time it was associated confusingly with the idea that the Elizabethan linguistic scholar John Florio or his father (another Michelangelo Florio) was involved in creating Shakespeare's works, the Crollalanza hypothesis has gone through several permutations and developments. In most recent versions, the character's birthplace has moved from the North to the South of Italy.

neg: Mermaid Theatre The Mermaid Theatre was a theatre encompassing the site of Puddle Dock and Curriers' Alley at Blackfriars in the City of London, and the first built in the City since the time of Shakespeare. It was, importantly, also one of the first new theatres to abandon the traditional stage layout; instead a single tier of seats surrounded the stage on three sides.

neg: Death and the Maiden (play) Death and the Maiden is a 1990 play by Chilean playwright Ariel Dorfman. The world premiere was staged at the Royal Court Theatre in London on 9 July 1991, directed by Lindsay Posner. It had one reading and one workshop production prior to its world premiere.

neg: Henry VIII (play) Henry VIII is a collaborative history play, written by William Shakespeare and John Fletcher, based on the life of King Henry VIII of England. An alternative title, All Is True, is recorded in contemporary documents, the title Henry VIII not appearing until the play's publication in the First Folio of 1623. Stylistic evidence indicates that individual scenes were written by either Shakespeare or his collaborator and successor, John Fletcher. It is also somewhat characteristic of the late romances in its structure. It is noted for having more stage directions than any of Shakespeare's other plays.

neg: The Battle of Hastings (play) The Battle of Hastings is a 1778 play by the English writer Richard Cumberland. It is a tragedy set around the Battle of Hastings in 1066. It was staged at the Drury Lane Theatre in October 1778 by Richard Brinsley Sheridan. Sheridan later mocked Cumberland's sensitivity to criticism by modelling the character Sir Fretful Plagiary, in his 1779 play "The Critic", after him.

neg: Arden of Faversham Arden of Faversham (original spelling: Arden of Feversham) is an Elizabethan play, entered into the Register of the Stationers Company on 3 April 1592, and printed later that same year by Edward White. It depicts the murder of Thomas Arden by his wife Alice Arden and her lover, and their subsequent discovery and punishment. The play is notable as perhaps the earliest surviving example of domestic tragedy, a form of Renaissance play which dramatized recent and local crimes rather than far-off and historical events.

neg: Garrick's Temple to Shakespeare Garrick's Temple to Shakespeare is a small garden folly erected in 1756 on the north bank of the River Thames at Hampton in the London Borough of Richmond upon Thames. Grade I listed, it was built by the actor David Garrick to honour the playwright William Shakespeare, whose plays Garrick performed to great acclaim throughout his career. During his lifetime Garrick used it to house his extensive collection of Shakespearean relics and for entertaining his family and guests. It passed through a succession of owners until coming into public ownership in the 20th century, but fell into serious disrepair by the end of the century. After a campaign supported by distinguished actors and donations from the National Lottery's "good causes" fund, it was restored in the late 1990s and reopened to the public as a museum and memorial to the life and career of Garrick. It is reputedly the world's only shrine to Shakespeare.

neg: Cymbeline Cymbeline , also known as Cymbeline, King of Britain, is a play by William Shakespeare set in Ancient Britain and based on legends that formed part of the Matter of Britain concerning the early Celtic British King Cunobeline. Although listed as a tragedy in the First Folio, modern critics often classify "Cymbeline" as a romance or even a comedy. Like "Othello" and "The Winter's Tale", it deals with the themes of innocence and jealousy. While the precise date of composition remains unknown, the play was certainly produced as early as 1611.

neg: The Winter's Tale The Winter's Tale is a play by William Shakespeare originally published in the First Folio of 1623. Although it was grouped among the comedies, some modern editors have relabelled the play as one of Shakespeare's late romances. Some critics consider it to be one of Shakespeare's "problem plays" because the first three acts are filled with intense psychological drama, while the last two acts are comedic and supply a happy ending.

neg: The Faithful Shepherdess The Faithful Shepherdess is a Jacobean era stage play, the work that inaugurated the playwriting career of John Fletcher. Though the initial production was a failure with its audience, the printed text that followed proved significant, in that it contained Fletcher's influential definition of tragicomedy. Like many of Fletcher's later tragicomedies, "The Faithful Shepherdess" deals with the darker side of sexuality and sexual jealousy, albeit within a comic framework.

neg: Heroic drama Heroic drama is a type of play popular during the Restoration era in England, distinguished by both its verse structure and its subject matter. The subgenre of heroic drama evolved through several works of the middle to later 1660s; John Dryden's "The Indian Emperour" (1665) and Roger Boyle's "The Black Prince" (1667) were key developments.

neg: The Prophetess (play) The Prophetess is a late Jacobean era stage play, a tragicomedy written by John Fletcher and Philip Massinger. It was initially published in the first Beaumont and Fletcher folio of 1647.

neg: Renaissance fair A Renaissance fair, Renaissance faire, or Renaissance festival is an outdoor weekend gathering, usually held in the United States, open to the public and typically commercial in nature, which purportedly recreates a historical setting for the amusement of its guests. Some are permanent theme parks, while others are short-term events in a fairground, winery, or other large public or private spaces. Renaissance fairs generally include an abundance of costumed entertainers or fair-goers, musical and theatrical acts, art and handicrafts for sale, and festival food. Some offer campgrounds for those who wish to stay more than one day. Many Renaissance fairs are set during the reign of Queen Elizabeth I of England. Some are set earlier, during the reign of Henry VIII, or in other countries, such as France, and some are set outside the era of the Renaissance; these may include earlier Medieval periods (including Vikings), or later periods, such as 17th-18th Century pirates. Some engage in deliberate "time travel" by encouraging participants to wear costumes representing several eras in a broad time period. Renaissance fairs encourage visitors to enter into the spirit of things with costumes and audience participation. Many welcome fantasy elements such as wizards and elves.

neg: The Queen (play) The Queen, or The Excellency of Her Sex is a Caroline era tragicomedy. Though published anonymously in 1653, The play is now generally attributed to John Ford — making it a significant addition to the very limited canon of Ford's works.

neg: Windsor, Berkshire Windsor ( ) is a historic market town and unparished area in the Royal Borough of Windsor and Maidenhead in Berkshire, England. It is widely known as the site of Windsor Castle, one of the official residences of the British Royal Family.

neg: The Fairy of the Lake The Fairy of The Lake is a play written by John Thelwall in 1801. It was published in his book "Poems Chiefly Written in Retirement". It is a melodrama set in approximately the Fifth Century and centres on Arthurian legend. The play was never performed in its time, as it was banned for being too provocative around the same time when Thelwall himself was arrested and tried for treason in England.

neg: Troilus and Cressida Troilus and Cressida ( ) is a tragedy by William Shakespeare, believed to have been written in 1602. It was described by Frederick S. Boas as one of Shakespeare's problem plays. The play ends on a very bleak note with the death of the noble Trojan Hector and destruction of the love between Troilus and Cressida. The work has in recent years "stimulated exceptionally lively critical debate". Throughout the play, the tone lurches wildly between bawdy comedy and tragic gloom, and readers and theatre-goers have frequently found it difficult to understand how one is meant to respond to the characters. However, several characteristic elements of the play (the most notable being its constant questioning of intrinsic values such as hierarchy, honour and love) have often been viewed as distinctly "modern," as in the following remarks on the play by author and literary scholar Joyce Carol Oates: