query: What Bill Murray movie features a score composed by Danny Elfman?

pos: Bill Murray William James Murray (born September 21, 1950) is an American actor, comedian, and writer. He first gained exposure on "Saturday Night Live", a series of performances that earned him his first Emmy Award, and later starred in comedy films—including "Meatballs" (1979), "Caddyshack" (1980), "Stripes" (1981), "Tootsie" (1982), "Ghostbusters" (1984), "Scrooged" (1988), "Ghostbusters II" (1989), "What About Bob?" (1991), and "Groundhog Day" (1993). He also co-directed "Quick Change" (1990).

pos: Scrooged Scrooged is a 1988 American Christmas comedy film, a modernization of Charles Dickens's "A Christmas Carol". The film was produced and directed by Richard Donner, and the cinematography was by Michael Chapman. The screenplay was written by Mitch Glazer and Michael O'Donoghue. The original music score was composed by Danny Elfman.

neg: Ben (film) Ben is a 1972 American horror film about a young boy and his pet rat, Ben. The film is a sequel to the 1971 film "Willard". The theme song, "Ben", is performed by singer Michael Jackson. It was also included on his 1972 album of the same name.

neg: Millions (2004 film) Millions is a 2004 British comedy-drama film directed by Danny Boyle, and starring Alex Etel, Lewis Owen McGibbon, and James Nesbitt. The screenwriter Frank Cottrell Boyce adapted his novel while the film was in the process of being made. The novel "Millions" was subsequently awarded the Carnegie Medal. This is Danny Boyle's only film not R rated by the Motion Picture Association of America.

neg: Little Shop of Horrors (film) Little Shop of Horrors is a 1986 American rock musical horror comedy film directed by Frank Oz. It is a film adaptation of the off-Broadway musical comedy of the same name by composer Alan Menken and writer Howard Ashman about a nerdy florist shop worker who finds out his venus fly trap can speak. Menken and Ashman's Off-Broadway musical was based on the low-budget 1960 film "The Little Shop of Horrors", directed by Roger Corman. The 1986 film stars Rick Moranis, Ellen Greene, Vincent Gardenia, Steve Martin, and Levi Stubbs as the voice of Audrey II. The film also featured special appearances by James Belushi, John Candy, Christopher Guest, and Bill Murray. It was produced by David Geffen through The Geffen Company and released by Warner Bros. on December 19, 1986.

neg: Fred Claus Fred Claus is a 2007 American fantasy comedy family film directed by David Dobkin, written by Dan Fogelman and Jessie Nelson, and starring Vince Vaughn and Paul Giamatti. The film was released on November 9, 2007 in the US and later released in the UK on November 30, 2007 by Warner Bros. Pictures. It is loosely based on the poem "A legend of Santa and his brother Fred" written by Donald Henkel.

neg: Murray Cutter Murray Cutter (15 March 1902, Nice, France – 19 April 1983, Burbank, California) was a versatile Hollywood orchestrator, working mainly for film composer Max Steiner, with over 150 credits spanning the mid-thirties to early 1960s. Nevertheless, he remains relatively unknown except for the much-loved original arrangement of Judy Garland's "Over the Rainbow", which continues to be sampled by modern filmmakers (e.g. recently Baz Luhrmann's "Australia" and Gus Van Sant's "Milk"). Similar to fellow arranger Alexander Courage, Cutter's name has tended to be overshadowed by the popularity of the composers with whom he was most associated.

neg: Elf: The Musical Elf is a musical based on the motion picture of the same name, with a score by Matthew Sklar and Chad Beguelin. The book is adapted by Bob Martin and Thomas Meehan from the 2003 film. The musical ran on Broadway in the Christmas seasons of 2010-11 and 2012–13, and also toured the U.S. in 2012. A new tour launched in 2014.

neg: Dr. Dolittle (film) Dr. Dolittle is a 1998 American fantasy comedy film directed by Betty Thomas, written by Larry Levin and Nat Mauldin, and starring Eddie Murphy in the titular role. The film was inspired by the series of children's stories of the same name by Hugh Lofting, but used no material from any of the novels; the main connection is the name and a doctor who can speak to animals, although the pushmi-pullyu, a much-loved feature of the books, notably makes a very brief appearance in a couple of scenes.

neg: The Corruptor (soundtrack) The Corruptor: The Soundtrack is a soundtrack to the 1999 film "The Corruptor". It consists of 17 tracks of original material. It is dominated by hip hop songs by artists including KRS-One, Cam'ron, Beanie Sigel and Keith Murray. This soundtrack should not be confused with "The Corruptor (Original Motion Picture Score)".

neg: Shaft's Big Score! Shaft's Big Score! is a 1972 American neo-noir action crime–drama film starring Richard Roundtree as the private detective John Shaft. Directed by Gordon Parks, this is the second film in the trilogy. Ernest Tidyman once more supplied the screenplay. The first film's composer Isaac Hayes was unavailable, so Parks, the returning director, did the score himself. The film was produced on a budget of $1,978,000. "Shaft's Big Score!" also stars Moses Gunn, Drew Bundini Brown, Joseph Mascolo, Julius Harris, and Joe Santos.

neg: Serenity (soundtrack) The soundtrack to the 2005 motion picture "Serenity" was released on September 27, 2005. The film's score was composed by David Newman, and performed by the Hollywood Studio Symphony under Newman's direction. According to director Joss Whedon's sleeve notes for the album, Newman was recommended by Universal's music executives when he requested a musician capable of "everything." It is of note that the acoustic guitar version of the "Ballad of Serenity", which was used at the end of the film's credits, is absent from the soundtrack.

neg: Alice's Adventures in Wonderland (1972 film) Alice's Adventures in Wonderland is a 1972 British musical film based on the Lewis Carroll novel of the same name and its sequel, "Through the Looking-Glass", directed by Australian television producer-director William Sterling. It had a distinguished ensemble cast with a musical score by John Barry and lyrics, Don Black.

neg: Watchmen: Original Motion Picture Score Watchmen: Original Motion Picture Score is a film score album for the 2009 film "Watchmen". It was released concurrently with the soundtrack album "".

neg: St. Vincent (film) St. Vincent is a 2014 American comedy-drama film written, directed and co-produced by Theodore Melfi, in his feature film debut. The film stars Bill Murray as the title character and features Jaeden Lieberher, Melissa McCarthy, Chris O'Dowd and Naomi Watts.

neg: Filmworks VI: 1996 Filmworks VI: 1996 features three scores for film by John Zorn. The album was released on Zorn's own label, Tzadik Records, in 1996. It features the music that Zorn wrote and recorded for "Anton, Mailman" (1996), a short film directed by Dina Waxman that was never completed due to loss of funding in its final stages, "Mechanics of the Brain" (1996) directed by Henry Hills and "The Black Glove" (1996), which was directed by, and starred, Maria Beatty.

neg: Heavy Traffic (soundtrack) Heavy Traffic OST is the soundtrack to Ralph Bakshi's 1973 film "Heavy Traffic". The film's score was performed by Ed Bogas and Ray Shanklin. The soundtrack album was released on Fantasy Records in 1973. The album was released on compact disc in 1996 as part of a compilation that featured both the soundtracks to "Fritz the Cat" and "Heavy Traffic" on the same disc.

neg: The Untouchables (film) The Untouchables is a 1987 American gangster film directed by Brian De Palma, produced by Art Linson, written by David Mamet, and based on the book "The Untouchables" (1957). The film stars Kevin Costner, Charles Martin Smith, Andy Garcia, Robert De Niro, and Sean Connery. Ness forms the Untouchables team to bring Al Capone to justice during Prohibition. The Grammy Award-winning score was composed by Ennio Morricone and features some period-correct music by Duke Ellington.

neg: The Nut Job The Nut Job is a 2014 3D computer-animated heist-comedy film directed by Peter Lepeniotis, who also wrote the film with Lorne Cameron. It stars the voices of Will Arnett, Brendan Fraser, Gabriel Iglesias, Jeff Dunham, Liam Neeson and Katherine Heigl. Stephen Lang, Maya Rudolph and Sarah Gadon also star in supporting roles. The film is based on Lepeniotis' 2005 short animated film "Surly Squirrel". Produced by Gulfstream Pictures, Redrover International and ToonBox Entertainment, it was released in the United States on January 17, 2014, by Open Road Films. With a budget of $42.8 million, it is the most expensive animated film co-produced in South Korea. The film grossed $64.3 million in North America, for a worldwide total of $120.8 million.

neg: Transformers: Dark of the Moon – The Score Transformers: Dark of the Moon – The Score is a soundtrack that features the musical score by composer Steve Jablonsky for the 2011 live-action film "". It was released on June 24, 2011, five days before the actual release of the film. The song "Heed Our Warning" features in the "" but was featured in the when Sentinel Prime, the Decepticons and spaceships attacked Chicago.

neg: Tootsie Tootsie is a 1982 American comedy film directed by Sydney Pollack and starring Dustin Hoffman, with a supporting cast that includes Bill Murray, Jessica Lange, Teri Garr, Dabney Coleman, Charles Durning, Geena Davis (in her acting debut), and Doris Belack. The film tells the story of a talented but volatile actor whose reputation for being difficult forces him to adopt a new identity as a woman in order to land a job. The film was adapted by Larry Gelbart, Barry Levinson (uncredited), Elaine May (uncredited) and Murray Schisgal from the story by Gelbart and Don McGuire.

neg: Elf (film) Elf is a 2003 American Christmas fantasy comedy film directed by Jon Favreau and written by David Berenbaum. It stars Will Ferrell, James Caan, Zooey Deschanel, Mary Steenburgen, Daniel Tay, Edward Asner, and Bob Newhart. It was released in the United States on November 7, 2003 by New Line Cinema. The story is about one of Santa's elves (Ferrell) who learns of his true identity as a human and goes to New York City to meet his biological father (Caan), spreading Christmas cheer in a world of cynics as he goes.


query: Edge of Forever Tour was a concert tour that included the former lead guitarist of what band?

pos: Edge of Forever Tour Edge of Forever Tour was a concert tour by Lynyrd Skynyrd in support of their album, Edge of Forever. The band performed shows with a number of other artists including Ted Nugent and Deep Purple.

pos: Ted Nugent Theodore Anthony Nugent ( ; born December 13, 1948) is an American singer-songwriter, musician and activist. Nugent initially gained fame as the lead guitarist of the Amboy Dukes, a band formed in 1963 that played psychedelic rock and hard rock. After playing with the Amboy Dukes, he embarked on a solo career.

neg: Zachary Stevens Zachary "Zak" Stevens (born March 5, 1966), is best known as the former lead vocalist of the band Savatage. He is currently the singer for progressive power metal band Circle II Circle. Stevens is also a drummer and has a degree in psychology but is not, as is often reported, a licensed, practicing psychologist.

neg: Ben Bridwell Benjamin "Ben" Bridwell (born April 25, 1978) is the lead singer of American rock band Band of Horses and a former member of the band Carissa's Wierd.

neg: Richie Sambora Richard Stephen "Richie" Sambora (born July 11, 1959) is an American rock guitarist, singer and songwriter and producer, best known as the lead guitarist of the rock band Bon Jovi for 30 years. Sambora and lead singer Jon Bon Jovi formed the main songwriting unit for the band. He has also released three solo albums: "Stranger in This Town" in 1991, "Undiscovered Soul" in 1998, and "Aftermath of the Lowdown", released in September 2012.

neg: Paul Arthurs Paul Benjamin "Bonehead" Arthurs (born 23 June 1965) is an English musician and one of the founder members of the English rock band Oasis, best known as their rhythm guitar player from 1991–99.

neg: Michael Ray (guitarist) Michael Rea (born April 4, 1960) better known by his stage name Michael Ray is an American guitarist, songwriter and record producer. He was the lead guitarist for the punk rock band Plasmatics and for Wendy O. Williams solo projects. He also worked with hard rock band Kiss and toured with the English rock band Motörhead.

neg: Mark Tremonti Mark Thomas Tremonti (born April 18, 1974) is an American musician, singer, and songwriter, best known as the lead guitarist of the rock bands Creed and Alter Bridge. He is a founding member of both bands, and has also collaborated with many other artists over the years. He formed his own band, Tremonti, in 2011, releasing the album "All I Was" in July 2012, followed by "Cauterize" in June 2015 and "Dust" in April 2016.

neg: Matt Shultz (singer) Matthew Ray "Matt" Shultz (born October 23, 1983) is the lead singer and occasional guitarist for the American rock band Cage the Elephant. He also plays guitar on the bonus track "Cover Me Again" from their self-titled album.

neg: Mike Stone (musician) Mike Stone (born November 30, 1969) is an American heavy metal guitarist, best known for his previous involvement in the progressive metal band Queensrÿche. He joined Queensrÿche for their 2003 "Tribe" tour, and made his first appearance on the 2003 album "Tribe", with writing credits for the song "Losing Myself". Stone was the guitarist for the rock band Speed-X, and currently the guitarist and backup vocalist of the alternative punk rock band, The Stick People.

neg: Gilby Clarke Gilbert "Gilby" Clarke (born August 17, 1962) is an American musician, singer, songwriter and record producer best known for a 3-year tenure as the rhythm guitarist of Guns N' Roses, replacing Izzy Stradlin in 1991 during the Use Your Illusion Tour. Following his departure from the group, Clarke went on to forge a solo career as well playing guitar with Slash's Snakepit, Kat Men, Heart, Nancy Sinatra, Kathy Valentine (of the Go-Go's), MC5 and forming his own group Rock Star Supernova with members of Metallica and Mötley Crüe.

neg: Top Topham Anthony "Top" Topham (born 3 July 1947, Southall, Middlesex), is an English musician, and artist. He is best known as a blues guitarist, and also for being the first lead guitarist of The Yardbirds. Topham left the band before they achieved mainstream popularity, and was replaced by Eric Clapton, the first of three lead guitarists from the Yardbirds to gain an international reputation (the other two being Jeff Beck and Jimmy Page).

neg: Jacob Quistgaard Jacob Quistgaard (known as Quist) is a Danish guitarist, based in Los Angeles. Quist is best known as the lead guitarist with British singer and Roxy music frontman Bryan Ferry. He has been touring with Ferry since early 2014 and featured on his 2014 album Avonmore, with Nile Rodgers, Mark Knopfler, Johnny Marr, Flea and Marcus Miller. Other recording credits include British X-factor winners Little Mix, Stooshe and Valerie June. Quist has also performed with multi-million selling Jazz musician Jamie Cullum, bass player T.M. Stevens, Alison Moyet, Waddy Wachtel and Dutch singer Boris Titulaer. Quist is also known for his YouTube channel (QuistJam), which mainly features his original music, improvisations, tour vlogs and one of the largest and most popular collections of original "jam tracks" and backing tracks on the internet. The channel has over 50 million views and aside from featuring Quist, it also showcases other notable musicians, including Alice Cooper lead guitarist Nita Strauss and Pink Floyd session bass player Guy Pratt.

neg: Adam Ross (musician) Adam Ross is an American guitarist, songwriter, and producer. He is best known for being Rihanna's touring guitarist, including the Good Girl Gone Bad Tour, The Glow In The Dark Tour, and the Last Girl on Earth Tour. He is featured in Rihanna's 2008 release Good Girl Gone Bad Live and has also shared the stage with Jay-Z, Eminem, Chris Brown, and Ne-Yo while on tour. He currently is on tour with Adam Lambert on his The Original High Tour.

neg: Dan Donegan Daniel Joseph Donegan (born August 1, 1968) is an American musician, who currently serves as the lead guitarist for heavy metal band Disturbed. Donegan began playing guitar as a teenager and eventually formed a band called Vandal, which was an 1980s-style hair band. He also played with some of the members of Vandal in another band that was called Loudmouth. Donegan was added to the guitar show "Chop Shop's" list of "Top 100 Most Complete Guitar Players of All Time" at number 76. Donegan is currently pursuing a side project band, Fight or Flight in collaboration with Disturbed band member Mike Wengren.

neg: Donnie Steele Donald S. "Donnie" Steele (born October 6, 1971) is an American heavy metal musician. Born in Des Moines, Iowa, he is best known as one of two original guitarists in Slipknot. Steele co-founded Slipknot in 1995, performing on the band's debut demo "Mate. Feed. Kill. Repeat." He left in 1996 and was replaced by Craig "133" Jones, but later rejoined in 2011 as the touring bassist following the 2010 death of Paul Gray. Steele contributed to the band's 2014 album "", but was later replaced full-time by Alessandro Venturella.

neg: Mark Wilkerson Mark Wilkerson (born September 6, 1977) is an American musician, who was the lead singer and guitarist for rock band Course of Nature, previously known as COG.

neg: Matt Starr Matt Starr (born October 25) is an American born drummer, singer, songwriter and producer. He is currently touring with Mr. Big filling for drummer Pat Torpey on the band's "Defying Gravity" (Frontiers Records) World Tour. Starr performed on the 2017 release which was produced by Kevin Elson (Journey, Lynyrd Skynyrd). "...The Stories We Could Tell" (Frontiers Records) World Tour. In 2012 Starr joined guitarist and founding KISS member Ace Frehley. He played drums on Ace Frehley's 2014 release "Space Invader" (eOne Records). Starr was asked to play on the record after performing a few shows with Frehley in 2012. He is the only drummer other than "Late Night With David Letterman" drummer Anton Fig to play on the entirety of one of Frehley's records. The 2014 release drew comparisons to 1970's KISS and Frehley's 1978 solo album. Starr also performed on Frehley's next release "Origins Vol 1" which featured the Free cover "Fire and Water" with KISS frontman Paul Stanley on lead vocals as well as appearances by Slash, and others. While remaining with Frehley, in 2013 Starr began playing with Burning Rain which was formed by Whitesnake guitarist Doug Aldrich and Montrose vocalist Keith St John. Starr has also toured with Rainbow frontman Joe Lynn Turner Love/Hate, Quiet Riot vocalist Kevin DuBrow and others.

neg: Joel Kosche Joel Sefton Kosche (born September 20, 1969) is an American musician. He is best known for his thirteen-year tenure as the lead guitarist of the rock band Collective Soul. He is also a solo artist, and tours with his backing band, Joel Kosche Band. His debut solo album, "Fight Years", was released in 2010.

neg: Dustie Waring Dustie "Dustball" Waring is the rhythm guitarist for the American heavy metal band Between the Buried and Me. He joined in early 2005 after replacing former guitarist Nick Fletcher. He contributes the lead parts in select songs off studio albums "Alaska", "The Anatomy Of" and "Colors". Heavily influenced by bands such as Pantera, Cannibal Corpse, and Dream Theater, Dustie Waring is a self-taught guitar player, mainly learning off instructional videos and by ear. He also is the guitar player for the deathcore band, Glass Casket.

neg: Paul Reynolds (musician) Paul Reynolds (born 4 August 1962, Liverpool, England) is the former lead guitarist and backup singer for the Liverpool band A Flock of Seagulls.

neg: Lynn Strait James Lynn Strait (August 7, 1968 – December 11, 1998) was the lead singer and lyricist for the rock band Snot. He died in a car accident on December 11, 1998 at the age of 30.


query: What bacterial strain is isolated in the healthy 10-day-old variety of maize with a high sugar content?

pos: Elizabethkingia endophytica Elizabethkingia endophytica is a slightly yellow Gram-stain-negative rod-shaped bacterial strain isolated from the stem of healthy 10-day-old sweet corn ("Zea mays"). A comparison of the 16S rRNA gene sequence of the isolate showed 99.1, 97.8, and 97.4% similarity to the 16S rRNA gene sequences of the type strains of "Elizabethkingia anophelis", "Elizabethkingia meningoseptica" and "Elizabethkingia miricola", respectively. DNA-DNA hybridization indicated that the strain is representative of a new species.

pos: Sweet corn Sweet corn ("Zea mays" convar. "saccharata" var. "rugosa"; also called sugar corn and pole corn) is a variety of maize with a high sugar content. Sweet corn is the result of a naturally occurring recessive mutation in the genes which control conversion of sugar to starch inside the endosperm of the corn kernel. Unlike field corn varieties, which are harvested when the kernels are dry and mature (dent stage), sweet corn is picked when immature (milk stage) and prepared and eaten as a vegetable, rather than a grain. Since the process of maturation involves converting sugar to starch, sweet corn stores poorly and must be eaten fresh, canned, or frozen, before the kernels become tough and starchy.

neg: Zymomonas mobilis Zymomonas mobilis is a Gram negative, facultative anaerobic, non-sporulating, polarly-flagellated, rod-shaped bacterium. It is the only species found in the genus "Zymomonas". It has notable bioethanol-producing capabilities, which surpass yeast in some aspects. It was originally isolated from alcoholic beverages like the African palm wine, the Mexican pulque, and also as a contaminant of cider and beer (cider sickness and beer spoilage) in European countries.

neg: Nocardioides luteus Nocardioides luteus is a bacterium from the genus of Nocardioides which has been isolated from soil in Khartoum in Sudan. The C-10 Deacetylase from "Nocardioides luteus" can be used for enzymatic hydrolysis for producing 10-Deacetyl Baccatin III.

neg: Azotobacteraceae The family Azotobacteraceae contains aerobic diazotrophs with three genera, "Azomonas", "Azotobacter" and "Azorhizophilus" distinguished by the ability to form cysts. The family is also characterized by variable cell shape, the classic shape being ovoid, while many are pleomorphic. With an adequate supply of molybdenum, the Azotobacteraceae are able to fix at least 10 mg of molecular nitrogen per gram of carbohydrate consumed under aerobic conditions. Like most Pseudomonadaceae, the Azotobacteraceae are able to use a wide variety of carbon sources, including sucrose. Recent analysis of the unannotated genome of "Azotobacter vinelandii" has shown this bacterium is most appropriately grouped in the family Pseudomonadaceae. The original familial distinction was based on the ability to fix nitrogen, but a few Pseudomonadaceae have been found to fix nitrogen, as well. The relation is not surprising given the ability of many Azotobacteraceae to fluoresce due to the production of pyoverdine, a nonribosomal peptide siderophore typical of many Pseudomonadaceae.

neg: Microbacterium ginsengisoli Microbacterium ginsengisoli is a Gram-positive, heterotrophic, strictly aerobic bacterium from the genus of Microbacterium which has been isolated from soil from a ginseng field in Daejeon in South Korea.

neg: Mucilaginibacter gossypiicola Mucilaginibacter gossypiicola is a Gram-negative, non-motile and plant-growth-promoting bacterium from the genus of Mucilaginibacter which has been isolated from rhizosphere soil from cotton plants.

neg: Microbacterium saccharophilum Microbacterium saccharophilums is a Gram-positive, non-spore-forming, rod-shaped and non-motile bacterium from the genus of Microbacterium which has been isolated from soil from a sucrose-refining factory in Japan.

neg: Streptomyces kanamyceticus Streptomyces kanamyceticus is a bacterial species in the genus "Streptomyces". It is the species from which the antibiotic kanamycin is isolated.

neg: Comamonas zonglianii Comamonas zonglianii is a Gram-negative, aerobic, oxidase- and catalase-positive, nonmotile bacterium from the genus "Comamonas" and family Comamonadaceae, which was isolated from a phenol-contaminated soil. Colonies of "C. zonglianii" are pale yellow in color.

neg: Weissella kimchii Weissella kimchii is a gram-positive, catalase-negative, non-sporulating, facultatively anaerobic, short rod-shaped bacterium first isolated from partly fermented kimchi in 2002. A strain of "Weissella kimchii" PL9023 was identified by researchers as a potential probiotic for vaginal health in women.

neg: Mesorhizobium huakuii Mesorhizobium huakuii is a bacterium from the genus "Mesorhizobium" which was isolated from the legume "Astragalus sinicus" in Nanjing in China." Rhizobium huakuii" was transferred to "Mesorhizobium huakuii".

neg: Methylosinus sporium Methylopila oligotropha is a methanotroph bacterium species from the genus of "Methylopila" which has been isolated from a groundwater aquifer.

neg: Piriformospora Piriformospora is a fungal genus of the order Sebacinales. It is a monotypic genus, containing the single endophytic root-colonising species Piriformospora indica, discovered from orchid plants in the Thar desert in Rajasthan, India by Prof. Ajit Verma and group, School of Life Sciences, Jawaharlal Nehru University, New Delhi. The fungus has typical pear-shaped chlamydospores, and thus, named as "P. indica ". Unlike mycorrhizal fungi, which cannot be cultured axenically, "P. indica" can be easily grown on various substrates. It has been found to promote plant growth during its mutualistic symbiotic relationship with a wide variety of plants. Experiments have shown that "P. indica" increases the resistance of colonized plants against fungal pathogens. It has also been found in experiments with barley that "P. indica"-inoculated plants are tolerant to salt stress and more resistant to root pathogens. "P. indica"-infested roots also show antioxidant capacity. The fungus also induces systemic disease resistance in plants. "P. indica" was found to require host cell death for proliferation during mutualistic symbiosis in barley. Its genome has been sequenced and was published in 2011.

neg: Xanthomonas oryzae pv. oryzae Xanthomonas oryzae" pv. "oryzae is a bacterium which causes a serious blight of rice, other grasses and sedges.

neg: Dictyoglomus thermophilum Dictyoglomus is a genus of bacterium, given its own phylum, called the Dictyoglomi. This organism is extremely "thermophilic", meaning it thrives at extremely high temperatures. It is "chemoorganotrophic", meaning it derives energy by metabolizing organic molecules. This organism is of interest because it elaborates an enzyme, xylanase, which digests xylan, a heteropolymer of the pentose sugar xylose. By pretreating wood pulp with this enzyme, paper manufacturers can achieve comparable levels of whiteness with much less chlorine bleach.

neg: Microbacterium ulmi Microbacterium ulmi is a Gram-positive, aerobic, xylanolytic, rod-shaped and non-motile bacterium from the genus of Microbacterium which has been isolated from sawdust from the tree Ulmus nigra in Salamanca in Spain.

neg: Sinorhizobium meliloti Sinorhizobium meliloti is a Gram-negative nitrogen-fixing bacterium (rhizobium). It forms a symbiotic relationship with legumes from the genera "Medicago", "Melilotus" and "Trigonella", including the model legume "Medicago truncatula". This symbiosis results in a new plant organ termed a root nodule. The "S. meliloti" genome contains three replicons: a chromosome (~3.7 megabases), one chromid, pSymB (~1.7 megabases), and one megaplasmid pSymA (~1.4 megabases). Five "S. meliloti" genomes have been sequenced to date: Rm1021, AK83, BL225C, Rm41, and SM11

neg: Pectobacterium betavasculorum Pectobacterium betavasculorum is a plant pathogenic bacterium that infects beets. It can cause significant losses during sugar beet production and storage. Little is known about the epidemiology of this disease. Its type strain is CFBP 2122 (=LMG 2464=NCPPB 2795 =ICMP 4226).

neg: Granulicoccus phenolivorans Granulicoccus phenolivorans is a Gram-positive and phenol-degrading bacterium from the genus of Granulicoccus which has been isolated from phenolic wastewater in Singapore.

neg: Altererythrobacter indicus Altererythrobacter indicus is a Gram-negative, rod-shaped and non-spore-forming bacterium from the genus of Altererythrobacter which has been isolated from the rhizosphere from the rice plant Porteresia coarctata in Pichavaram in India.

neg: Rhizopus microsporus Rhizopus microsporus is a fungal plant pathogen infecting maize, sunflower, and rice.


query: Who was born first, Tom Green or Ford Beebe?

pos: Tom Green Michael Thomas "Tom" Green (born July 30, 1971) is a Canadian stand up comedian, actor, rapper, writer, producer, director, talk show host, and media personality. Best known for his unique brand of comedy, he found mainstream prominence via his MTV television show "The Tom Green Show". Green is also known for his roles in the Hollywood films "Road Trip" (2000), "Charlie's Angels" (2000), "Freddy Got Fingered" (2001), "Stealing Harvard" (2002) and "Shred" (2008). He was briefly married to actress Drew Barrymore.

pos: Ford Beebe Ford Beebe (November 26, 1888 – November 26, 1978) was a screenwriter and director. He entered the film business as a writer around 1916 and over the next 60 years wrote and/or directed almost 200 films.

neg: Tom Bender Tom Bender is one of the American founders of the green architecture and sustainability movements.

neg: Tom Ford Thomas Carlyle "Tom" Ford (born August 27, 1961) is an American fashion designer, film director, screenwriter, and film producer. He launched his eponymous luxury brand in 2006, having previously served as the creative director at Gucci and Yves Saint Laurent. Ford directed the Oscar-nominated films "A Single Man" (2009) and "Nocturnal Animals" (2016).

neg: Billy Green (scout) William "Billy" Green otherwise, known as Billy Green the Scout, was key to the British-Upper Canadian victory at the Battle of Stoney Creek. Billy Green was born February 4, 1794 in the Saltfleet Township in Upper Canada, and died March 15, 1877. His father was a New Jersey Loyalist named Ensign Adam Green. His mother, Martha Green, died after a year or so after Billy was born, so he was raised by his oldest sister. He was the last born of the eleven children in his family. According to local tradition, he is believed the first white child born in the vicinity of Stoney Creek, Ontario.

neg: David Green (director) David Green (born 12 November 1948) is a British film director, television producer and media executive.

neg: Charlotte Green Charlotte Green (born 4 May 1956) is a British radio broadcaster. Formerly a continuity announcer and news reader for BBC Radio 4, she is now connected with Classic FM.

neg: Sharon Green Sharon Green (born 1942 in Brooklyn, New York) is an American writer of science fiction, fantasy and romance.

neg: Tom Brown (wide receiver) Thomas William "Tom" Brown (born December 24, 1963) is a former professional American football player for the National Football League's Cincinnati Bengals. He played in just two games in the 1987 season after his collegiate career at Augustana College in South Dakota.

neg: Tom Potter (brewer) Tom Potter is the co-founder and former Chairman and CEO of Brooklyn Brewery.

neg: George Toma George Toma (born February 2, 1929, in Edwardsville, Pennsylvania) is an American groundskeeper who specializes in working on sports facilities.

neg: Victor Hugo Green Victor Hugo Green (November 9, 1892 – 1960) was an African American postal employee from Harlem, New York City, best known for developing and writing what became known as "The Green Book," a travel guide for African Americans in the United States. During the time the book was published, choices of lodging, restaurants and even gas stations were limited for black people in many places, including outside the South. It was first published as "The Negro Motorist Green Book" and later as "The Negro Travelers' Green Book". The books were published from 1936 to 1966. Green reviewed hotels and restaurants that did business with African Americans during the time of Jim Crow laws and racial segregation in the United States. He printed 15,000 copies each year.

neg: Tom Cooper (cyclist) Tom Cooper (1874–1906) was an 1890s champion bicycle racer and early auto racing driver. He is best known for his rivalry with Major Taylor as well as his later work with Henry Ford and Barney Oldfield.

neg: Charlie Green (American football) Charlie Green (born March 14, 1943) was an American League football player. He was elected to the College Football Hall of Fame in 2002. He would play professionally for the Boston Patriots & Oakland Raiders.

neg: Tom Anthony Thomas Henry "Tom" Anthony (born 16 August 1943) is an English retired professional football left back who played in the Football League for Brentford.

neg: Ti Green Ti Green is an American costume designer for stage and film.

neg: Betty Ford Elizabeth Ann "Betty" Ford (née Bloomer; April 8, 1918 – July 8, 2011) was First Lady of the United States from 1974 to 1977, as the wife of the 38th President of the United States, Gerald Ford. As First Lady, she was active in social policy and created precedents as a politically active presidential wife.

neg: George Green (cricketer) George Green (13 April 1880 – 25 November 1940) was an English cricketer who played first class cricket for Derbyshire between 1903 and 1907.

neg: Tom Tauke Thomas Joseph "Tom" Tauke (born October 11, 1950 in Dubuque, Iowa) is a former member of the U.S. House of Representatives. Tauke represented the northeast corner of the state of Iowa (2nd district) as a Republican from 1979 to 1991, entering Congress as one of the youngest members. Tauke left active politics in 1991 following an unsuccessful bid to unseat U.S. Senator Tom Harkin.  He has continued to establish himself as a leading voice and public policy advocate in the U.S. telecommunications industry. Jim Nussle followed him as the Representative for northeast Iowa.

neg: George Ford (Australian politician) George Thomas Ford (10 October 1907 – 30 July 1966) was an Australian politician.

neg: Robert A. Green Robert Alexis (Lex) Green (February 10, 1892 – February 9, 1973) was a U.S. Representative from Florida.

neg: David Ford (musician) David James Ford (born 16 May 1978 in Dartford, Kent) is an English singer-songwriter, guitarist and songwriter. He first achieved prominence with the indie rock group Easyworld, who released an independent mini-album, "...Better Ways to Self Destruct" and two full-length albums on Jive Records before disbanding in 2004.


query: What city was the birthplace of the German physicist for which Hund's coupling cases in the spectroscopy of diatomic molecules are name for?

pos: Hund's cases In rotational-vibrational and electronic spectroscopy of diatomic molecules, Hund's coupling cases are idealized cases where specific terms appearing in the molecular Hamiltonian and involving couplings between angular momenta are assumed to dominate over all other terms. There are five cases, traditionally notated with the letters (a) through (e). Most diatomic molecules are somewhere between the idealized cases (a) and (b).

pos: Friedrich Hund Friedrich Hermann Hund (4 February 1896 – 31 March 1997) was a German physicist from Karlsruhe known for his work on atoms and molecules.

neg: Abraham Esau Robert Abraham Esau (7 June 1884 – 12 May 1955) was a German physicist.

neg: Otto Hesse Ludwig Otto Hesse (22 April 1811 – 4 August 1874) was a German mathematician. Hesse was born in Königsberg, Prussia, and died in Munich, Bavaria. He worked mainly on algebraic invariants, and geometry. The Hessian matrix, the Hesse normal form, the Hesse configuration, the Hessian group, Hessian pairs, Hesse's theorem, Hesse pencil, and the Hesse transfer principle are named after him. Many of Hesse's research findings were presented for the first time in "Crelle's Journal" or Hesse's textbooks.

neg: Karl Bechert Karl Richard Bechert (August 23, 1901 in Nuremberg, Middle Franconia – April 1, 1981 in Weilmünster-Möttau, Hesse) was a German theoretical physicist and political leader. As a scientist, he made contributions in atomic physics.

neg: Johann Hedwig Johann Hedwig (8 December 1730 – 18 February 1799), also seen as Johannes Hedwig or Latinised as Joannis Hedwig, was a German botanist notable for his studies of mosses (for which he is sometimes called the father of bryology), in particular the observation of sexual reproduction in the cryptogams.

neg: Theodor W. Hänsch Theodor Wolfgang Hänsch (born 30 October 1941) is a German physicist. He received one fourth of the 2005 Nobel Prize in Physics for "contributions to the development of laser-based precision spectroscopy, including the optical frequency comb technique", sharing the prize with John L. Hall and Roy J. Glauber.

neg: Reinhard Mecke Reinhard Mecke (born 14 July 1895 in Stettin; died 30 December 1969) was a German physicist, who focused on chemical physics. He was one of the pioneers of infrared spectroscopy.

neg: Herbert Fröhlich Herbert Fröhlich (9 December 1905 – 23 January 1991) FRS was a German-born British physicist.

neg: Hans Jürgen Briegel Hans Jürgen Briegel (born 9 August 1962 in Ochsenhausen) is a German theoretical physicist. He is Full Professor at the University of Innsbruck and conducts research in the field of quantum physics and quantum information.

neg: Enrico Clementi Enrico Clementi (born November 19, 1931 in Cembra, Italy) is an Italian chemist, a pioneer in computational techniques for quantum chemistry and molecular dynamics.

neg: Ernst Gottfried Fischer Ernst Gottfried Fischer (17 July 1754 – 27 January 1831) was a German chemist. He was born in Hoheneiche near Saalfeld. After studying theology and mathematics at the University of Halle, he was a teacher in Berlin before becoming Professor of Physics in 1810. He translated Claude Berthollet's publication "Recherches sur les lois de l'affinitié" in 1802. He proposed a system of equivalents based on sulfuric acid equal to one hundred.

neg: Hans Benndorf Hans Benndorf (December 13, 1870 – February 11, 1953) was an Austrian physicist born in Zurich, and died in Graz. He made several contributions in the field of seismology and in his research of atmospheric electricity.

neg: Gustav von Hüfner Gustav von Hüfner (13 May 1840 in Köstritz – 14 March 1908 in Tübingen) was a German chemist.

neg: Klaus von Klitzing Klaus von Klitzing (born 28 June 1943, Schroda) is a German physicist, known for discovery of the integer quantum Hall effect, for which he was awarded the 1985 Nobel Prize in Physics.

neg: Franz Hein Franz Hein was born in Grötzingen (Baden), Germany. His high school years were spent in Leipzig, as well as, his college years at the University of Leipzig. He completed his Ph.D. in 1917 on optical studies of bismuth and triphenylmethane derivatives. Hein made "Assistant" at the University and in 1920 "Oberassistent". He continued working on his "Habilitation" becoming a professor in 1923. With the completion of his "Habilitation", Hein went to work on organometallic system electrochemistry.

neg: Friedrich Hustedt Friedrich Hustedt (1886 – 1 April 1968) was a German teacher and botanist, best known for his diatom systematics research.

neg: H. Dieter Zeh Heinz-Dieter Zeh (] ; born 8 May 1932 in Braunschweig, Germany), usually referred to as H. Dieter Zeh, is a professor emeritus of the University of Heidelberg and theoretical physicist.

neg: Max Volmer Max Volmer (] ; 3 May 1885 – 3 June 1965) was a German physical chemist, who made important contributions in electrochemistry, in particular on electrode kinetics. He co-developed the Butler–Volmer equation. Volmer held the chair and directorship of the Physical Chemistry and Electrochemistry Institute of the Technische Hochschule Berlin, in Berlin-Charlottenburg. After World War II, he went to the Soviet Union, where he headed a design bureau for the production of heavy water. Upon his return to East Germany ten years later, he became a professor at the Humboldt University of Berlin and was president of the East German Academy of Sciences.

neg: Herbert Arthur Stuart Herbert Arthur Stuart (27 March 1899, Zurich – 8 April 1974, Hanover) was a German experimental physicist who made contributions in molecular physics research. During World War II, he was director of the experimental physics department at the "Technische Hochschule Dresden". From 1955, he was the head of the high polymer physics laboratory at the University of Mainz.

neg: Albrecht Unsöld Albrecht Otto Johannes Unsöld (20 April 1905 – 23 September 1995) was a German astrophysicist known for his contributions to spectroscopic analysis of stellar atmospheres.

neg: Paul Söding Paul Söding (born 20 February 1933 in Dresden, Germany) is a German physicist. He is best known for his work in particle physics and as former director of research of the German particle physics lab DESY.


query: What is the full name of the actress who starred in the 1990 American monster film directed by Ron Underwood?

pos: Tremors (film) Tremors is a 1990 American monster film directed by Ron Underwood, produced by Gale Anne Hurd, Brent Maddock, and S. S. Wilson, and written by Maddock, Wilson, and Underwood. "Tremors" was released by Universal Pictures and stars Kevin Bacon, Fred Ward, Finn Carter, Michael Gross, and Reba McEntire.

pos: Finn Carter Elizabeth Fearn "Finn" Carter (born 9 March 1960) is an American actress. She is best known for her role in the 1990 film "Tremors".

neg: Belinda Balaski Belinda Balaski (born December 8, 1947 in Inglewood, California) is an American actress. She is perhaps best known for her large supporting role as Terri Fisher in Joe Dante's "The Howling" (1981), and has continued to appear in most of Dante's films including an important role in "Piranha" and cameos in "Gremlins", "", "Matinee", and "Small Soldiers". She co-stars in "Food of the Gods" and "Bobbie Jo and the Outlaw" both featuring Marjoe Gortner, and in Roger Corman's "Cannonball!" (directed by Paul Bartel) she plays navigator to Robert Carradine in a cross-country car race.

neg: Gretchen Corbett Gretchen Hoyt Corbett (born August 13, 1945) is an American actress most noted for the role of Beth Davenport on the television series "The Rockford Files" from 1974 to 1978. Though Corbett has predominantly worked in television, she also gained notoriety for her role in the cult horror film "Let's Scare Jessica to Death" (1971). She has also appeared as a recurring character on the IFC series "Portlandia", beginning in 2013.

neg: The Witches (1990 film) The Witches is a 1990 British/American dark fantasy horror-comedy film based on the children's novel of the same title by Roald Dahl. It was directed by Nicolas Roeg and produced by The Jim Henson Company for Lorimar Film Entertainment and Warner Bros., starring Anjelica Huston, Mai Zetterling, Rowan Atkinson, and Jasen Fisher. It is the last theatrical film to be produced by Lorimar before the company shut down 3 years later in 1993.

neg: The Snow Creature The Snow Creature is a 1954 horror film monster movie produced and directed by W. Lee Wilder, written by Myles Wilder, and starring Paul Langton and Leslie Denison.

neg: Hideaway (film) Hideaway is a 1995 American horror film directed by Brett Leonard. It is based on the 1992 novel of the same name by Dean Koontz, and stars Jeff Goldblum, Alicia Silverstone, Christine Lahti, Jeremy Sisto, and Rae Dawn Chong.

neg: Olivia Luccardi Olivia Luccardi (born May 17, 1989) is an American actress and producer. She is best known for her roles as Yara in the psychological horror film "It Follows", Chloe in the romantic comedy film "The Rewrite" , and Arlene in the thriller film "Money Monster".

neg: Robia LaMorte Robia Brett LaMorte, sometimes credited as Robia La Morte, (born July 7, 1970) is an American actress and former dancer. She is best known as a dancer and spokesperson for the musician Prince, and for starring as Jenny Calendar in the television series "Buffy the Vampire Slayer".

neg: Katharine Isabelle Katharine Isabelle Murray (born November 2, 1981) is a Canadian actress best known as a scream queen for her roles in various horror films. Born in Vancouver, British Columbia, she made her screen debut as a child in "Cousins" (1989), followed by supporting roles in numerous films and television series. Initially credited as Katie Murray, she later began using the name Katherine Isobel and subsequently Katharine Isabelle. She has starred in the werewolf horror films, "Ginger Snaps" (2000), its sequel, "" (2004), and "" (2004). Her portrayal of the death-obsessed teen, Ginger Fitzgerald, became one of her most notable roles. Additional roles in horror films include "Disturbing Behavior" (1998), "Carrie" (2002), "Freddy vs. Jason" (2003), "" (2010), and "American Mary" (2012). For her performance in the horror film, "American Mary" (2012), she earned several nominations for best actress, including Fangoria Chainsaw Awards, Screamfest Horror Film Festival and Toronto After Dark Film Festival.

neg: Nicole Gale Anderson Nicole Gale Anderson (born August 29, 1990) is a Filipino-American actress. She is best known for her role as Heather Chandler on The CW series "Beauty & the Beast". She is also known for her roles as Macy Misa in the Disney Channel Original Series "Jonas", and as Kelly Parker and Miranda Collins on the ABC Family series "Make It or Break It" and "Ravenswood".

neg: Angela Aames Angela Aames (February 27, 1956 – November 27, 1988), born Lois Marie Tlustos, was an American actress known for her buxom blonde bombshell image.

neg: The First Power The First Power is a 1990 American neo-noir horror film written and directed by Robert Resnikoff and starring Lou Diamond Phillips, Tracy Griffith, Jeff Kober and Mykelti Williamson.

neg: Monica Potter Monica Potter (born Monica Gregg Brokaw; June 30, 1971) is an American actress. She is known for her starring roles in the films "Con Air" (1997) and "Patch Adams" (1998). She also appeared in the horror films "Saw" (2004) and the 2009 remake of "The Last House on the Left".

neg: Helene Stanley Dolores Diane Freymouth (July 17, 1929 – December 27, 1990), better known by the stage name of Helene Stanley, was an American actress and a live model for Cinderella and other Disney characters.

neg: Frankenhooker Frankenhooker is a 1990 American black comedy horror directed by Frank Henenlotter. Very loosely inspired by Mary Shelley's novel "Frankenstein", the film stars James Lorinz as medical school drop-out Jeffrey Franken and former Penthouse Pet Patty Mullen as the title character (who wears a fatsuit in the beginning of the film).

neg: Grotesque (1988 film) Grotesque is a 1988 horror film that was directed by Joe Tornatore. Linda Blair, who previously starred in "The Exorcist", starred in the film and was the associate producer. It was filmed at Big Bear Lake.

neg: Nancy Borgenicht Nancy Borgenicht is an actress who starred in film and on television. She is best known for her role as Mrs. Randall in the 1984 horror movie "Silent Night, Deadly Night". She also appeared in "" (1988) as the woman attendant. Her other film roles include "Tripwire" (1989) and "Neon City" (1992). Nancy starred in the short lived 1990 television series "Teen Angel Returns" as Mrs. Henderson. She has appeared in some television movies like the 1986 TV movie "The Deliberate Stranger" (1986), and many others. She is also co-writer of the annual Salt Lake City production, Saturday's Voyeur, a parody of Utah politics and culture.

neg: The Lady Chablis Brenda Dale Knox (March 11, 1957 – September 8, 2016), known professionally as The Lady Chablis, was an American actress, author, and drag performer. Through exposure in the novel "Midnight in the Garden of Good and Evil" and its 1997 film adaptation she became one of the first drag performers to be accepted by a wider audience.

neg: Nightbreed Nightbreed (also Night Breed on publicity material, or Clive Barker's Nightbreed) is a 1990 American dark fantasy horror film written and directed by Clive Barker, based on his 1988 novella "Cabal", and starring Craig Sheffer, Anne Bobby, David Cronenberg, Charles Haid, Hugh Quarshie, and Doug Bradley. The film features an unstable mental patient who is falsely led to believe by his doctor that he is a serial killer. Tracked down by the police, his doctor, and his girlfriend Lori, Boone eventually finds refuge in an abandoned cemetery called Midian among a "tribe" of monsters and outcasts known as the "Nightbreed" where they hide from humanity.

neg: Christie Lynn Smith Christie Lynn Smith is an American actress. She is perhaps best known for her role as Deardra Farnum in the 2010 film "The Crazies".

neg: DeepStar Six DeepStar Six is a 1989 American science fiction horror film about the struggles of the crew of an underwater military outpost to defend their base against the attacks of a sea monster (possibly a giant eurypterid). It was released in January 1989. The film's main actors and supporting players included Greg Evigan, Taurean Blacque, Nancy Everhard, Cindy Pickett, Miguel Ferrer, Nia Peeples and Matt McCoy.


query: The Yellow Birds is a 2017 American war film directed by Alexandre Moors and based on the novel "The Yellow Birds" by Kevin Powers, the film stars which American actor, that made his feature film debut in Francis Ford Coppola's independent film "Tetro" (2009)?

pos: The Yellow Birds (film) The Yellow Birds is a 2017 American war film directed by Alexandre Moors and based on the novel "The Yellow Birds" by Kevin Powers. The film stars Tye Sheridan, Jack Huston, Alden Ehrenreich, Jennifer Aniston, and Toni Collette. It premiered at the 2017 Sundance Film Festival on January 21, 2017.

pos: Alden Ehrenreich Alden Caleb Ehrenreich ( ; born November 22, 1989) is an American actor. He made his feature film debut in Francis Ford Coppola's independent film "Tetro" (2009) and appeared in Coppola's subsequent film "Twixt" (2011). In 2013, he appeared in Woody Allen's "Blue Jasmine", Park Chan-wook's "Stoker" and starred in Richard LaGravenese's "Beautiful Creatures". In 2016, he starred as Hobie Doyle in the Coen brothers comedy "Hail, Caesar!" and as Frank Forbes in Warren Beatty's "Rules Don't Apply". In 2018, he will star as Han Solo in an as of yet untitled "Star Wars" spin-off film revolving around the character's younger years.

neg: Michael Rapaport Michael David Rapaport (born March 20, 1970) is an American actor, podcast host, director, and comedian. He has appeared in over sixty films since the early 1990s. His best known television roles include "Boston Public", "Friends", "The War at Home", "Prison Break", "Justified", and "Atypical" (2017). Some of his notable film roles include "True Romance" (1993), "Higher Learning" (1995), "Cop Land" (1997), "Deep Blue Sea" (1999), "The 6th Day" (2000), "Dr. Dolittle 2" (2001), "Big Fan" (2009), and "The Heat" (2013). He also directed the documentary "" (2011).

neg: Trent Lewis Thomas Trent Lewis II (born 16 November 1979), known professionally as Trent Lewis, is an American actor.

neg: Brothers (2009 film) Brothers is a 2009 American psychological war drama film and a remake of Susanne Bier's Danish film "Brødre" (2004), which takes place in Afghanistan and Denmark. The film stars Tobey Maguire, Jake Gyllenhaal, and Natalie Portman, and is directed by Jim Sheridan. Both films take inspiration from Homer's epic poem, the "Odyssey". The film received a mixed to positive response and grossed $43 million. Tobey Maguire received particular praise for his performance and received a Golden Globe nomination for Best Actor in a Motion Picture Drama for his performance.

neg: Rudy Ramos Rudy Ramos (born September 19, 1950) is an American actor and musician whose films include "Helter Skelter" (1976), "The Enforcer" (1976), "The Driver" (1978), "Defiance" (1980), "Beverly Hills Cop II" (1987), "Quicksilver" (1986), "Colors" (1988), and "Open House" (1987).

neg: Joe Zaso Joseph Zaso (born November 20, 1970 in Queens, New York City) is an American actor and filmmaker.

neg: From Paris with Love (film) From Paris with Love is a 2010 English-language French action film starring John Travolta and Jonathan Rhys Meyers and directed by Pierre Morel. The screenplay was co-written by Luc Besson. The film was released in the United States on February 5, 2010.

neg: Alicia Coppola Alicia Coppola (born April 12, 1968) is an American television and film actress.

neg: Chris Beetem Chris Beetem (born Christopher Lapinski; August 8, 1969 Philadelphia) is an American film and television actor. He is known for his roles in films such as "Black Hawk Down", "Every Day" and "Mr. Popper's Penguins". Beetem is also known for his roles in well known television shows such as "As the World Turns", "One Tree Hill", "JAG" and "Pan Am".

neg: Pierre-Yves Cardinal Pierre-Yves Cardinal (born 24 July 1978) is a Canadian film and television actor. He is best known for his role as Francis in Xavier Dolan's "Tom at the Farm", for which he garnered a Canadian Screen Award nomination as Best Supporting Actor at the 2nd Canadian Screen Awards, and won a Jutra Award as Best Supporting Actor at the 17th Jutra Awards.

neg: Theo Rossi John Theodore "Theo" Rossi (born June 4, 1975) is an American actor and producer best known for his portrayal of Juan Carlos "Juice" Ortiz on the FX series "Sons of Anarchy", and Hernan "Shades" Alvarez in "Luke Cage".

neg: Martin Sheen Ramón Antonio Gerardo Estévez (born August 3, 1940), known professionally as Martin Sheen, is an American actor who first became known for his roles in the films "The Subject Was Roses" (1968) and "Badlands" (1973), and later achieved wide recognition for his leading role in "Apocalypse Now" (1979).

neg: Inglourious Basterds Inglourious Basterds is a 2009 war film written and directed by Quentin Tarantino starring Brad Pitt, Christoph Waltz, Michael Fassbender, Eli Roth, Diane Kruger, Til Schweiger, and Mélanie Laurent. The film tells the fictional alternate history story of two plots to assassinate Nazi Germany's political leadership, one planned by Shosanna Dreyfus (Laurent), a young French Jewish cinema proprietor, and the other by a team of Jewish American soldiers led by First Lieutenant Aldo Raine (Pitt). Christoph Waltz co-stars as Hans Landa, an SS colonel tracking down Raine's group and who has a connection to Shosanna's past. The film's title was inspired by Italian director Enzo G. Castellari's macaroni combat film, "The Inglorious Bastards" (1978).

neg: Ramón Rodríguez (actor) Ramón Rodríguez (born December 20, 1979) is a Puerto Rican actor known for his roles on the television series "The Wire" (2006–08) and "Day Break" (2006–07), and in the films "" (2009) and "The Taking of Pelham 123" (2009). He portrayed John Bosley on the short-lived ABC television reboot of "Charlie's Angels" (2011). In 2014, Rodríguez starred as Ryan Lopez on the Fox crime drama television series "Gang Related".

neg: Tom Ford Thomas Carlyle "Tom" Ford (born August 27, 1961) is an American fashion designer, film director, screenwriter, and film producer. He launched his eponymous luxury brand in 2006, having previously served as the creative director at Gucci and Yves Saint Laurent. Ford directed the Oscar-nominated films "A Single Man" (2009) and "Nocturnal Animals" (2016).

neg: Ernest O'Donnell Ernest O'Donnell (born November 24, 1968) is an American actor who is known for his roles in various Kevin Smith films, most notably "Clerks".

neg: Harrison Ford filmography Harrison Ford is an American actor and voice actor who has appeared in numerous films. He is known for portraying Han Solo in "Star Wars" (1977), "The Empire Strikes Back" (1980), "Return of the Jedi" (1983), and "" (2015); Indiana Jones in "Raiders of the Lost Ark" (1981), "The Temple of Doom" (1984), "The Last Crusade" (1989) and "The Kingdom of the Crystal Skull" (2008); and Rick Deckard in "Blade Runner" (1982). He also played Jack Ryan in "Patriot Games" (1992) and again in "Clear and Present Danger" (1994).

neg: Scott Elrod Scott Michael Elrod (born February 10, 1975) is an American actor.

neg: Finn Wittrock Peter "Finn" Wittrock, Jr. (born October 28, 1984) is an American actor and screenwriter. He began his career in guest roles on several television shows. He made his film debut in 2004, in "Halloweentown High" before returning to films in the 2010 film "Twelve". After studying theater at The Juilliard School, he was a regular in the soap opera, "All My Children," from 2009 to 2011, while performing in several theatrical productions. In 2011, he performed in playwright Tony Kushner's Off-Broadway play "The Illusion" and made his Broadway debut in 2012 as Happy Loman in the revival of Arthur Miller's play "Death of a Salesman", directed by Mike Nichols.

neg: Terrence Howard Terrence Dashon Howard (born March 11, 1969) is an American actor and singer. Having his first major roles in the 1995 films "Dead Presidents" and "Mr. Holland's Opus", Howard broke into the mainstream with a succession of television and cinema roles between 2004 and 2006. He was nominated for the Academy Award for Best Actor for his role in "Hustle & Flow". Howard has had prominent roles in many other movies including "Winnie", "Ray", "Lackawanna Blues", "Crash", " Four Brothers", "Get Rich or Die Tryin'", "Idlewild", "August Rush", "The Brave One" and "Prisoners". Howard played James Rhodes in the first "Iron Man" and its video game adaptation, but he was replaced by Don Cheadle for the future films. He currently stars as the lead character Lucious Lyon in the television series "Empire". His debut album, "Shine Through It", was released in September 2008.

neg: Polsky Films Polsky Films is a film production company based in Los Angeles, California created by brothers Alan Polsky and Gabe Polsky. "" directed by Werner Herzog and starring Nicolas Cage was Polsky Films first film. They also own the rights to turn the novels "Flowers for Algernon", "Gun, with Occasional Music", and "Butcher’s Crossing" by John Edward Williams into films and the rights to turn the lives of Albert Einstein and Sigmund Freud into films.


query: Were United States v. Nixon and Zelman v. Simmons-Harris both US Supreme Court cases?

pos: United States v. Nixon United States v. Nixon, 418 U.S. 683 (1974), was a landmark United States Supreme Court decision which resulted in a unanimous 8–0 ruling against President Richard Nixon, ordering him to deliver presidential tape recordings and other subpoenaed materials to the District Court. Issued on July 24, 1974, the ruling was important to the late stages of the Watergate scandal, when there was an ongoing impeachment process against Richard Nixon. "United States v. Nixon" is considered a crucial precedent limiting the power of any U.S. president to claim executive privilege.

pos: Zelman v. Simmons-Harris Zelman v. Simmons-Harris, 536 U.S. 639 (2002) , was a 5-4 decision of the United States Supreme Court that upheld an Ohio program that used school vouchers. The Court decided that the program did not violate the Establishment Clause of the First Amendment even if the vouchers could be used for private, religious schools.

neg: United States v. Lawrence United States v. Lawrence, 3 U.S. 42 (1795) , was a United States Supreme Court case determining that the Supreme Court cannot normally compel a federal trial judge to proceed in a case which he feels is lacking sufficient evidence to proceed. In the case, the court held:

neg: Parker v. Brown Parker v. Brown, 317 U.S. 341 (1943) , was a United States Supreme Court case on the scope of US antitrust law. It held that actions taken by state governments were exempt from the scope of the Sherman Act.

neg: Christensen v. Harris County Christensen v. Harris County, 529 U.S. 576 (2000) is a Supreme Court of the United States case holding that a county's policy of requiring employees to schedule time off to avoid accruing time off was not prohibited by the Fair Labor Standards Act.

neg: United States v. Williams (1951) United States v. Williams, 341 U.S. 70 (1951) , is a decision by the United States Supreme Court that provides that (protecting US citizens' Fourteenth Amendment rights from individuals sworn to uphold laws) may only be applied to federal cases and is not available to the state governments.

neg: Joe Nixon Joseph M. Nixon, known as Joe Nixon (born September 15, 1956), is a lawyer in Houston, Texas, who is a Republican former member of the Texas House of Representatives. Elected in 1994, with the rise of George W. Bush to the Texas governorship, Nixon from 1995 to 2007 represented House District 133 in Harris County.

neg: United States v. Hubbard United States v. Hubbard was a 1978 criminal court case charging Mary Sue Hubbard and several other members of the Church of Scientology with violations of various laws including:

neg: Yakus v. United States Yakus v. United States, 321 U.S. 414 (1944), was a decision by the United States Supreme Court which upheld congressional power to fetter judicial review and to delegate broad and flexible law-making power to an administrative agency in this constitutional challenge to the Emergency Price Control Act of 1942. The wartime anti-inflation measure, intended to expedite price control enforcement, conferred on the federal district courts jurisdiction over violations of Office of Price Administration (OPA) regulations made under the act. But judicial power to consider the constitutionality of such regulations was accepted. Congress specified that challenges to their validity be initially reviewed under stringent time limitations by the OPA and on appeal exclusively by a special Article III tribunal in the District of Columbia—the Emergency Court of Appeals—and thereafter by the Supreme Court.

neg: Nebraska Press Ass'n v. Stuart Nebraska Press Association v. Stuart, 427 U.S. 539 (1976), was a landmark Supreme Court of the United States decision in which the Court held unconstitutional prior restraints on media coverage during criminal trials.

neg: United States v. Carolene Products Co. United States v. Carolene Products Company, 304 U.S. 144 (1938), was an April 25, 1938 decision by the United States Supreme Court. The case contains for its famous "Footnote Four" in which the Court established the system of heightened scrutiny for laws targeting "discrete and insular minorities," compared with the lower scrutiny applied for economic regulations, as in this case.

neg: Hanson v. Denckla Hanson v. Denckla, 357 U.S. 235 (1958), was a case decided by the Supreme Court of the United States regarding personal jurisdiction in the context of assets held in trust.

neg: Stump v. Sparkman Stump v. Sparkman, 435 U.S. 349 (1978), is the leading United States Supreme Court decision on judicial immunity. It involved an Indiana judge who was sued by a young woman who had been sterilized without her knowledge as a minor in accordance with the judge's order. The Supreme Court held that the judge was immune from being sued for issuing the order because it was issued as a judicial function. The case has been called one of the most controversial in recent Supreme Court history.

neg: United States v. Ortiz United States v. Ortiz, 422 U.S. 891 (1975) , was a United States Supreme Court case in which the Court held that the Fourth Amendment prevented Border Patrol officers from conducting warrantless, suspicionless searches of private vehicles removed from the border or its functional equivalent.

neg: McGowan v. Maryland McGowan v. Maryland, 366 U.S. 420 (1961), was a United States Supreme Court case in which the court held that laws with religious origins are not unconstitutional if they have secular purpose.

neg: Myers v. United States Myers v. United States, 272 U.S. 52 (1926) , was a United States Supreme Court decision ruling that the President has the exclusive power to remove executive branch officials, and does not need the approval of the Senate or any other legislative body.

neg: Utah v. Evans Utah v. Evans, 536 U.S. 452 (2002) , was a United States Supreme Court case regarding the use of certain statistical techniques in the census.

neg: United States v. Wurzbach United States v. Wurzbach, 280 U.S. 396 (1930), is a unanimous ruling by the US Supreme Court that the term "political purpose," as used in the Federal Corrupt Practices Act, was not impermissibly vague. The Supreme Court reversed the district court, which had quashed an indictment under the Act.

neg: Herbert W. Kalmbach Herbert Warren Kalmbach (October 19, 1921 – September 15, 2017) was an American attorney and banker. He served as the personal attorney to United States President Richard Nixon (1968–1973). He became embroiled in the Watergate scandal due to his fundraising activities in the early 1970s, some of which supported undercover operatives directed by senior White House figures under Nixon. Kalmbach was convicted and served 191 days in jail for his part in the scandal, and lost his license to practice law for a time, although he was later reinstated.

neg: Peretz v. United States Peretz v. United States, 501 U.S. 923 (1991) , was a Supreme Court of the United States case. The Court affirmed that a defendant in a federal criminal trial on a felony charge must affirmatively object to the supervising of jury selection by a magistrate judge, ruling that it is not enough that the defendant merely acquiesce to the magistrate's involvement in his case for a court to reverse a conviction for this reason.

neg: Marshall v. Marshall Marshall v. Marshall, 547 U.S. 293 (2006) is a case in which the United States Supreme Court held that a federal district court had equal or concurrent jurisdiction with state probate (Will) courts over tort claims under state common law. The case drew an unusual amount of interest because the petitioner was Playboy Playmate and celebrity Anna Nicole Smith (whose legal name was Vickie Lynn Marshall). Smith won the case, but unsolved issues regarding her inheritance eventually led to another Supreme Court case, "Stern v. Marshall". She died long before that case was decided.

neg: Gravel v. United States Gravel v. United States, 408 U.S. 606 (1972), was a case regarding the protections offered by the Speech or Debate Clause of the United States Constitution. In the case, the Supreme Court of the United States held that the privileges and immunities of the Constitution's Speech or Debate Clause enjoyed by members of Congress also extend to Congressional aides, but not to activity outside the legislative process.


query: Mark Perakh who helped write The Panda's Thumb, was a professor at what university?

pos: The Panda's Thumb (blog) The Panda's Thumb is a weblog on the creation-evolution controversy from a mainstream scientific perspective. In 2006, "Nature" listed it as one of the top five science blogs. It is written by multiple contributors, including Wesley R. Elsberry, Paul R. Gross, Nick Matzke, PZ Myers and Mark Perakh, many of whom also have complementary weblogs at ScienceBlogs. The blog takes its name from The Panda's Thumb, the pub of the virtual University of Ediacara, which is named after the by Stephen Jay Gould, which in turn takes its title from the essay "The Panda's Peculiar Thumb", which discusses the Panda's sesamoid bone, an example of convergent evolution.

pos: Mark Perakh Mark Perakh (Russian: Марк Пэрах ; "perach" (פֶּ֫רַח) is the Hebrew word for "flower"; born "Mark Yakovlevich Popereka" in 1924, Kiev, Ukraine, died 7 May 2013 in Escondido, California), was a professor emeritus of Mathematics and statistical mechanics at California State University, Fullerton in Fullerton, California.

neg: Pankaj Dubey Pankaj Dubey (born 28 July 1978) is an Indian Author, screenwriter, Director and Producer from Mumbai. He has a Bachelor of Laws degree from Delhi University and a Masters in Applied Communications from Coventry School of Art and Design.

neg: University of Delhi The University of Delhi (UOD), informally known as Delhi University (DU), is a collegiate public central university, located in New Delhi, India. It was founded in 1922 by an Act of the Central Legislative Assembly. As a collegiate university, its main functions are divided between the academic departments of the university and affiliated colleges. Consisting of three colleges, two faculties, and 750 students at its founding, the University of Delhi has since become India's largest institution of higher learning and among the largest in the world. The university currently consists of 16 faculties and 86 departments distributed across its North and South campuses. It has 77 affiliated colleges and 5 other institutes with an enrollment of over 132,000 regular students and 261,000 non-formal students. The Vice-President of India serves as the University's chancellor.

neg: Maharaja Agrasen University Maharaja Agrasen University is a private university in Baddi, Himachal Pradesh, India. It was founded by Dr. Nand Kishore Garg in the town of Barotiwala in 2013. Maharaja Agrasen University was inaugurated by Shri Pranab Mukherjee, President of India on 25 May 2013. The university established under Maharaja Agrasen (Establishment and Regulation) Act, 2012 (Act. No. 15 of 2013) is in the picturesque backdrop of Kasauli Hills.

neg: Mark D. Steinberg Mark D. Steinberg is a history professor at the University of Illinois, Urbana-Champaign.

neg: Mark Harman (computer scientist) Prof. Mark Harman is a British computer scientist. Since 2010, he has been a Professor at University College London. He is also Director of the Centre for Research on Evolution Search and Testing (CREST), a research laboratory at UCL.

neg: Jonathan Mark Kenoyer Jonathan Mark Kenoyer (born May 28, 1952, in Shillong, India) is an American archaeologist and Professor of Anthropology at the University of Wisconsin–Madison. He earned his Bachelor of Arts, Master's, and Doctorate degrees at the University of California, Berkeley, finishing in 1983.

neg: Harminder Dua Harminder Singh Dua (born in Jalandhar, Punjab) is an Indian-British medical doctor and researcher (with MBBS, DO, DO (Lond), MS, MNAMS, FRCS, FRCOphth, FEBO, MD, PhD). He is the chair and professor of ophthalmology at University of Nottingham and is the head of the Division of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences. Prior, he was associate professor at the Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, USA when he was invited to chair in Nottingham in April 1994. He earlier did his Graduation in Medicine from Government Medical College and Hospital,Nagpur.

neg: Sita Naik Dr Sita Naik is a medical professional and educator, Immunologist who retired as the Professor and Head of the Department of Clinical Immunology at Sanjay Gandhi Postgraduate Institute of Medical Sciences. She was formerly a member of the Governing Body of the Medical Council of India and continues to write on the medical education policy of India.

neg: Julia Crick Julia Catherine Crick (born 1963) is professor of palaeography and manuscript studies at King's College London. Crick is an honorary university fellow of the University of Exeter where she was formerly employed.

neg: Qiang Yang Qiang Yang () is the Chair Professor, Department Head of CSE, HKUST in Hong Kong and University New Bright Professor of Engineering and Chair Professor from 2015. He was the founding head of Noah's Ark Lab. He had taught at the University of Waterloo and Simon Fraser University. His research interests are data mining and artificial intelligence.

neg: David Delpy David Thomas Delpy, {'1': ", '2': ", '3': ", '4': "} FREng (born 11 August 1948), is a British bioengineer, and Hamamatsu Professor of Medical Photonics, at University College London.

neg: Mark H. Shapiro Mark H. Shapiro (born 1940 in Boston, MA) is a professor, emeritus of physics at California State University, Fullerton. Shapiro holds an A.B. degree in physics from the University of California, Berkeley; and, M.S. and Ph.D. degrees in physics from the University of Pennsylvania. He received his Ph.D. from the University of Pennsylvania in 1966.

neg: David Elton Dr. David Elton {'1': ", '2': ", '3': ", '4': "} is Professor Emeritus of political science at the University of Lethbridge, and President of the Max Bell Foundation.

neg: Jared Diamond Jared Mason Diamond (born September 10, 1937) is an American ecologist, geographer, biologist, anthropologist and author best known for his popular science books "The Third Chimpanzee" (1991); "Guns, Germs, and Steel" (1997, awarded a Pulitzer Prize); "" (2005); and "The World Until Yesterday" (2012). Originally trained in physiology, Diamond is known for drawing from a variety of fields, including anthropology, ecology, geography and evolutionary biology. He is a professor of geography at UCLA.

neg: Anders Persson Anders Persson (born 1953) is an Associate Professor and the Director of the Center for Medical Image Science and Visualization at Linköping University, Sweden, and Linköping University Hospital. He was recruited by Linköping University in 2002 to start the center. In 2005 he received his Ph.D. from Linköping University in Medical Imaging. He received the Lennart Nilsson Award for scientific photography from the Karolinska Institute in 2008 "for the development of new imaging technologies and methods, which are extremely useful in health care and medical research".

neg: Mark Almond Mark Almond is a British author, and was a lecturer in Modern History at Oriel College, Oxford.

neg: Nigel Shadbolt Sir Nigel Richard Shadbolt {'1': ", '2': ", '3': ", '4': "} (born 9 April 1956) is Principal of Jesus College, Oxford, and Professorial Research Fellow in the Department of Computer Science, University of Oxford. He is Chairman of the Open Data Institute which he co-founded with Sir Tim Berners-Lee. He is also a Visiting Professor in the School of Electronics and Computer Science at the University of Southampton. Shadbolt is an interdisciplinary researcher, policy expert and commentator. His research focuses on understanding how intelligent behaviour is embodied and emerges in humans, machines and, most recently, on the Web, and has made contributions to the fields of Psychology, Cognitive science, Computational neuroscience, Artificial Intelligence (AI), Computer science and the emerging field of Web science.

neg: Stephen Shore (professor) Stephen Mark Shore (born September 27, 1961) is an autistic professor of special education at Adelphi University. He has written the books that include: College for Students with Disabilities, Understanding Autism for Dummies, Ask and Tell, and Beyond the Wall. Currently, he serves on the board of Autism Speaks, and is one of the first two autistic board members in its history, looking to improve the potential of those on the autism spectrum. He once headed the Asperger's Association of New England and was on the board of the Autism Society of America.

neg: Rajendra Persaud Rajendra 'Raj' Persaud (born 13 May 1963) is an English consultant psychiatrist, broadcaster and author of books about psychiatry. In October 2008, Persaud resigned from his position as consultant psychiatrist at the South London and Maudsley NHS Foundation Trust, following a three-month suspension by the General Medical Council for dishonesty. He is known for raising public awareness of psychiatric and mental health issues in the general media, has published five books and received numerous awards.

neg: Les Back Les Back (Born 17 December 1962) is a professor of sociology at Goldsmiths, University of London and an author.


query: What Three things indirectly influenced Grandy Brodie through Paul Klee?

pos: Gandy Brodie Gandy Brodie (May 20, 1924 - October 22, 1975) was an American painter working primarily in New York City and Townshend, Vermont during the middle part of the 20th century. He had ties to Abstract Expressionism through artists such as Willem de Kooning and his style, though singular, was considered second-generation Abstract Expressionism. His paintings were influenced by the works of artists such as Camille Corot, Paul Cezanne, Vincent van Gogh, Piet Mondrian, Chaim Soutine, Georges Rouault, Pablo Picasso, and Paul Klee. Shane Brody, his only child, is a jazz and Americana guitarist who resides in Underhill, Vermont.

pos: Paul Klee Paul Klee (] ; 18 December 1879 – 29 June 1940) was a Swiss-German artist. His highly individual style was influenced by movements in art that included Expressionism, Cubism, and Surrealism. Klee was a natural draftsman who experimented with and eventually deeply explored color theory, writing about it extensively; his lectures "Writings on Form and Design Theory" ("Schriften zur Form und Gestaltungslehre"), published in English as the "Paul Klee Notebooks", are held to be as important for modern art as Leonardo da Vinci's "A Treatise on Painting" for the Renaissance. He and his colleague, Russian painter Wassily Kandinsky, both taught at the Bauhaus school of art, design and architecture. His works reflect his dry humor and his sometimes childlike perspective, his personal moods and beliefs, and his musicality.

neg: Isabel Brodie Babianska Isabel Brodie Babianska (5 February 1920 – 2006) was a Scottish painter and founder member of the New Scottish Group. She worked on various commissions as a costume and stage designer, and as an illustrator and model.

neg: Philosophy of Søren Kierkegaard Søren Kierkegaard's philosophy has been a major influence in the development of 20th-century philosophy, especially existentialism and postmodernism. Kierkegaard was a 19th-century Danish philosopher who has been called the "Father of Existentialism". His philosophy also influenced the development of existential psychology.

neg: The Miyagi Museum of Art The Miyagi Museum of Art (宮城県美術館 , Miyagi-ken bijutsukan ) opened in Sendai, Japan, in 1981. The collection has as its primary focus works associated with Miyagi Prefecture and the Tōhoku region more generally, from the Meiji period to the present day, and also includes paintings by Wassily Kandinsky and Paul Klee. Artists represented include Aimitsu, Kishida Ryūsei, Matsumoto Shunsuke, Nakamura Tsune, Takahashi Yuichi, Yasui Sōtarō, and Yorozu Tetsugoro.

neg: Kahler-Kreis Kahler-Kreis (Kahler Circle) refers to the circle, lasting from 1939 to the early 1970s, of intellectual friends of Erich Kahler and his second wife, Alice (Lili or Lilly) Loewy Kahler.This group, named the "Kahler-Kreis" by Charles Greenleaf Bell, had its physical center at the Kahlers' house, One Evelyn Place in Princeton, New Jersey. Erich Kahler, a scholar, author, and lecturer, arrived in Princeton in 1939 as a financially destitute Jewish refugee from the Nazi regime. One Evelyn Place welcomed Jewish intellectual refugees from Europe and was filled with visitors, boarders, and cultural conversation. The Einstein family, the Thomas Mann family, and Hermann Broch were close friends of the Kahlers. The Kahler circle of friends also included Erwin Panofsky, Hetty Goldman, Ernst Kantorowicz, Kurt Gödel, and the painter Ben Shahn.

neg: Charles Gleyre Marc Gabriel Charles Gleyre (2 May 1806 – 5 May 1874), was a Swiss artist, resident in France from an early age. He took over the studio of Paul Delaroche in 1843 and taught a number of younger artists who became prominent, including Claude Monet, Pierre-Auguste Renoir, Alfred Sisley, James Abbott McNeill Whistler, Auguste Toulmouche, and Louis-Frederic Schützenberger.

neg: Paul Gauguin Eugène Henri Paul Gauguin ( ; ] ; 7 June 1848 – 8 May 1903) was a French post-Impressionist artist. Underappreciated until after his death, Gauguin is now recognized for his experimental use of color and Synthetist style that were distinctly different from Impressionism. His work was influential to the French avant-garde and many modern artists, such as Pablo Picasso and Henri Matisse. Gauguin's art became popular after his death, partially from the efforts of art dealer Ambroise Vollard, who organized exhibitions of his work late in his career, as well as assisting in organizing two important posthumous exhibitions in Paris. Many of his paintings were in the possession of Russian collector Sergei Shchukin and other important collections.

neg: Sophie Renoir Sophie Renoir (born 1964) is a French actress. She is the great-granddaughter of the French Impressionist painter Pierre-Auguste Renoir (1841-1919), and daughter of the cinematographer Claude Renoir (1913–93).

neg: Jan Verkade Johannes Sixtus Gerhardus (Jan) Verkade (18 September 1868 - 19 July 1946), afterwards Willibrord Verkade O.S.B., was a Dutch Post-Impressionist and Christian Symbolist painter. A disciple of Paul Gauguin and friend of Paul Sérusier, he belonged to the circle of artists known as 'Les Nabis.' Of a Dutch anabaptist background, his artistic and spiritual journey led him to convert to Roman Catholicism, and to take Holy Orders as a Benedictine monk, taking the religious name Willibrord. He entered the Archabbey of Beuron and continued his work in a religious context, working closely with Desiderius Lenz, leader of the Beuron Art School. He worked throughout Europe and had an important influence on the continuing development of the new Benedictine Art.

neg: H. Keith H. Brodie Harlow Keith Hammond Brodie (August 24, 1939 – December 2, 2016) was an American psychiatrist, educator, and former President of Duke University.

neg: Still Life with Profile of Laval Still Life with Profile of Laval is an 1886 oil painting by French artist Paul Gauguin, located in the Indianapolis Museum of Art, which is in Indianapolis, Indiana. It depicts Gauguin's friend Charles Laval in profile with an assortment of inanimate objects, including a ceramic pot Gauguin made himself.

neg: The Cubist Painters, Aesthetic Meditations Les Peintres Cubistes, Méditations Esthétiques (English, The Cubist Painters, Aesthetic Meditations), is a book written by Guillaume Apollinaire between 1905 and 1912, published in 1913. This was the third major text on Cubism; following "Du "Cubisme"" by Albert Gleizes and Jean Metzinger (1912); and André Salmon, "Histoire anecdotique du cubisme" (1912).

neg: Serial imagery Serial imagery is the repeating of one image in many variations or forms. It is a central idea in modern and contemporary art. It can take several forms. A portrait can painted in differing hues and backgrounds with subtle changes to the subject as in Van Gogh's L'Arlésienne and Claude Monet’s Rouen Cathedral Another type is where the same subject is painted at different times of day or seasons of the year for example Claude Monet in his Poplars, Haystacks. The same subject may also be rendered in different mediums, and in different poses, thus, the practice of underpainting may be considered a form of serial imagery even if the image is lost in the completed work. It is common in photography where multiple exposures at varies angles are taken with different lenses etc. in search of the desired effect. It is also used in literature, especially poetry.

neg: Lillie P. Bliss Lillie P. Bliss (born "Lizzie Plummer Bliss", April 11, 1864 in Boston; died March 12, 1931 in New York City) was an American art collector and patron. At the beginning of the 20th century, she was one of the leading collectors of modern art in New York. One of the lenders to the landmark Armory Show in 1913, she also contributed to other exhibitions concerned with raising public awareness of modern art. In 1929, she played an essential role in the founding of the Museum of Modern Art. After her death, 150 works of art from her collection served as a foundation to the museum and formed the basis of the in-house collection. These included works by artists such as Paul Cézanne, Georges Seurat, Paul Gauguin, Henri Matisse, Pablo Picasso and Amedeo Modigliani.

neg: Alexander Oswald Brodie Alexander Oswald Brodie (November 13, 1849 – May 10, 1918) was an American military officer and engineer. Earning his initial reputation during the Indian wars, he came to prominence for his service with the Rough Riders during the Spanish–American War. His friendship with Theodore Roosevelt then led to Brodie being appointed Governor of Arizona Territory from 1902 to 1905.

neg: Sidney Janis Sidney Janis (July 8, 1896 – November 23, 1989) was a wealthy clothing manufacturer and art collector who opened an art gallery in New York in 1948. His gallery quickly gained prominence, for he not only exhibited the work of most of the emerging leaders of Abstract Expressionism, but also that of such important European artists as Pierre Bonnard, Paul Klee, Joan Miró, and Piet Mondrian. As the critic Clement Greenberg explained in a 1958 tribute to the dealer, Janis' exhibition practices had helped to establish the legitimacy of the Americans, for his policy "not only implied, it declared, that Jackson Pollock, Willem de Kooning, Franz Kline, Phillip Guston, Mark Rothko, and Robert Motherwell were to be judged by the same standards as Matisse and Picasso, without condescension, without making allowances." Greenberg observed that in the late 1940s "the real issue was whether ambitious artists could live in this country by what they did ambitiously. Sidney Janis helped as much as anyone to see that it was decided affirmatively."

neg: Karl Knaths Karl Knaths (October 21, 1891 – March 9, 1971) was an American artist whose personal approach to the Cubist aesthetic led him to create paintings which, while abstract, contained readily identifiable subjects. In addition to the Cubist painters, his work shows influence by Paul Cézanne, Wassily Kandinsky, Utagawa Kuniyoshi, Paul Klee, Stuart Davis, and Agnes Weinrich. It is nonetheless, in use of heavy line, rendering of depth, disciplined treatment of color, and architecture of planes, distinctly his own.

neg: Henrietta Barclay Paist Henrietta Barclay Paist (1870–1930) was an American artist, designer, teacher, and author. She is perhaps best known for her china painting, a popular turn-of-the-century pastime. Born in Red Wing, Minnesota in 1870, she studied ceramics in Germany, watercolor painting in Minneapolis, and design in Chicago before settling in the Twin Cities, where she also found time to marry and raise a family.

neg: Honor Brooke Honor Brooke (1861-1940) was the eldest daughter of Stopford Brooke (chaplain) and Emma Beaumont. She was born in London and grew up at 1 Manchester Square where her father kept an open house, with guests including William Morris, Robert Browning, Alfred, Lord Tennyson, Gertrude Bell, William Holman Hunt and Edvard Grieg, with whom she discussed her love of the work of Henrik Ibsen. She was photographed as a child, together with two of her sisters, by Lewis Carroll. Honor Brooke was friends with Eleanor Marx and Edith Ellis and joined them in speaking to the Silvertown strikers at an open-air meeting on 29 November 1889. She was a member of the Christian Socialist movement and was involved with philanthropic work among working class communities in London, setting up the Children's Holiday Fund for Marylebone in 1883 which organised countryside holidays for children from London slums, and the Honor Club for Working Girls, a social club initially based in Fitzroy Square which offered cookery lessons, entertainments and refreshments for young women after their working day.

neg: Gustave Fayet Gustave Fayet (Béziers, May 20, 1865 - Carcassonne, September 24, 1925) was a French painter. His work is close in style to that of Paul Gauguin or Odilon Redon. He learnt to draw and paint with his father, Gabriel Fayet, and his uncle Léon Fayet, who both admired pre-impressionnist painters such as Adolphe Monticelli or Camille Corot. Gustave Fayet's style is very personal, far from impressionism or academic work, rather more symbolism. Gustave Fayet was also an art collector, he owned works by Degas, Manet, Pissarro and above all Paul Gauguin. Fayet was in fact one of Gauguin's main clients and he lent many of the paintings in his collection for the Gauguin exhibitions between 1903 and 1925. In 1908, he brought the Abbaye de Fontfroide (near Narbonne, France), that he reconstructed and where he exhibited many of the paintings from his collection, among them "Day" and "Night" by Odilon Redon.

neg: Ron Kleemann Ron Kleemann (July 24, 1937 – May 30, 2014) was an American photorealist painter. Kleemann has been recognized as one of the original artists of the Photorealism movement. His work is usually that of shiny, brightly painted vehicles sometimes focusing on just certain parts.


query: How long is the track used in the 2011 24 Hours of Le Mans race?

pos: 2011 24 Hours of Le Mans The 2011 24 Hours of Le Mans ("24 Heures du Mans 2011") was the 79th Grand Prix of Endurance, and took place on 11–12 June 2011 at the Circuit de la Sarthe, Le Mans, France, and organised by the Automobile Club de l'Ouest (ACO). It was the third round of the 2011 Intercontinental Le Mans Cup, and was part of a World Championship or International Cup for the first time since 1992, when it was part of the World Sportscar Championship. The race was attended by 249,500 spectators.

pos: Circuit de la Sarthe The Circuit des 24 Heures du Mans, also known as Circuit de la Sarthe (after the 1906 French Grand Prix triangle circuit) located in Le Mans, Maine, France, is a semi-permanent race course chiefly known as the venue for the 24 Hours of Le Mans auto race. Comprising private, race-specific sections of track in addition to public roads which remain accessible most of the year, its present configuration is 13.629 km long, making it one of the longest circuits in the world. Capacity of the race stadium, where the short "Bugatti Circuit" is situated, is 100,000. The Musée des 24 Heures du Mans is a motorsport museum located at the main entrance of the venue.

neg: Penbay International Circuit Penbay International Circuit (PIC; ) is a motor sport circuit in Donggang Township, Pingtung County, Taiwan. The circuit is 3.527 km long with widths from 12m to 20m. It has five configurations. It officially opened on 9 October 2011.

neg: 2011 Monaco GP2 Series round The 2011 Monaco GP2 Round was the third round of the 2011 GP2 Series season. It was held on May 26–28, 2011 at Circuit de Monaco, Monte Carlo, Monaco, supporting the 2011 Monaco Grand Prix. GP2's feeder formula GP3 did not appear at this event.

neg: 1957 24 Hours of Le Mans The 1957 24 Heures du Mans was the 25th running of the 24 Hours of Le Mans, Grand Prix of Endurance, and took place on 22 and 23 June 1957, on the Circuit de la Sarthe. It was also the fifth round of the F.I.A. World Sports Car Championship. Some 250,000 spectators had gathered for Europe’s classic sports car race, around an 8.38-mile course. The prospect of an exciting duel between Ferrari, Maserati, Jaguar, Aston Martin and Porsche was enough to draw large crowds to the 24 Hours race, now back at its usual date and reintegrated into the World Championship.

neg: Autódromo Ciudad de Concordia Autódromo Ciudad de Concordia is a motorsports circuit located near Concordia, Entre Ríos, Argentina. The circuit also used to host the Formula 3 Sudamericana. The track has 14 corners and it Is 1.96 mi long.

neg: 2003 12 Hours of Sebring The 2003 12 Hours of Sebring was the 51st running of this event, and took place on March 15, 2003. This was also the opening race of the 2003 American Le Mans Series season.

neg: 1966 12 Hours of Sebring The 1966 12 Hours of Sebring was an endurance race held at the 5.2 mile (8.3 km) Sebring International Raceway, Sebring, Florida, United States on March 26, 1966. It was the sixteenth running of the endurance classic and the second round of the 1966 World Sportscar Championship season. The race proved to be a disastrous event; one of the darkest in American motorsports history.

neg: 1929 24 Hours of Le Mans The 1929 24 Hours of Le Mans was the 7th Grand Prix of Endurance, and took place on 15 and 16 June 1929.

neg: 2011 RAC Tourist Trophy The 2011 RAC Tourist Trophy was an auto racing event held at the Silverstone Circuit, Silverstone, England on 3–5 June, and was the fifth round of the 2011 FIA GT1 World Championship season. It was the FIA GT1 World Championship's second race held at the 5.901 km Silverstone, although it is the first international racing series to use the brand new pit complex which was being built at the time of last years race. The event was supported by the FIA GT3 European Championship, GT4 European Cup and Lamborghini Blancpain Super Trofeo.

neg: List of European Le Mans Series circuits The European Le Mans Series (known from 2004–2005 as the Le Mans Endurance Series and from 2006–2011 as the Le Mans Series) has raced on 17 different circuits in its 14-year history. The series has visited the United Kingdom in each year of its existence. The series made forays outside of Europe in 2005 and 2006 to Istanbul Park, in 2007 to Interlagos in Brazil, and in 2012 to Road Atlanta in the United States.

neg: 1959 24 Hours of Le Mans The 24 Heures du Mans was the 27th 24 Hours of Le Mans, Grand Prix of Endurance, and took place on 21 and 22 June 1959, on Circuit de la Sarthe. It was also the fourth round of the F.I.A. World Sports Car Championship. Some 150,000 spectators had gathered for Europe’s classic sports car race, around an 8.38-mile course. The prospect of an exciting duel between Ferrari, Aston Martin and Porsche was enough to draw large crowds to the 24 Hours race.

neg: 2015 24 Hours of Le Mans The 83rd 24 Hours of Le Mans (French: "83 24 Heures du Mans" ) was an automobile endurance event held from 10 to 14 June 2015 at the Circuit de la Sarthe, Le Mans, France. It was the 83rd running of the 24 Hour race organised by the Automobile Club de l'Ouest as well as the third round of the 2015 FIA World Endurance Championship. A test day was held two weeks prior to the race on 31 May. A record-breaking 263,500 people attended the event.

neg: Autodrome Saint-Eustache The Autodrome Saint-Eustache is a motor sport complex in Saint-Eustache, Quebec, Canada established in 1965, which contains a .40-mile paved oval and a one-mile paved road course with hot pits, grandstands and services.

neg: Lanier Raceplex Lanier Raceplex is a 0.375-mile paved oval racetrack located just outside Braselton, Georgia. The track opened in 1982 as a dirt track, and was paved in the mid-1980s. The track was under the NASCAR Whelen All-American Series banner with Super Late Models, SuperTrucks, Junkyard Dogs, Outlaw Late Models, Mini Stocks, INEX RaceCeiver/zMax Legends Cars and INEX Bandolero Cars. The track ended weekly racing at the end of the 2011 season, but will remain open for larger events. But said larger events have not taken place since its closure in 2011. On January 20, 2014 it was reported that the former track owner Donnie Clack was “no longer associated” and that the track had been sold.

neg: 2004 24 Hours of Le Mans The 2004 24 Hours of Le Mans was the 72nd Grand Prix of Endurance, and took place on 12 and 13 June 2004.

neg: 2010 24 Hours of Nürburgring The 2010 24 Hours of Nürburgring was an endurance sports car race held at the Nürburgring Nordschleife race track in Germany on May 13–16.

neg: Solituderennen The Solituderennen (eng: "Solitude race") motorsport events are held on the 11.4 km Solitudering race track near Stuttgart. The event and the track were named after the nearby Castle Solitude. Motorsports events were held there from 1903 to 1965.

neg: 1979 24 Hours of Le Mans The 1979 24 Hours of Le Mans was the 47th Grand Prix of Endurance, and took place on 9 and 10 June 1979.

neg: 2012 6 Hours of Bahrain The 2012 6 Hours of Bahrain was an auto race held at Bahrain International Circuit, Sakhir, Bahrain on Saturday 29 September 2012. It was the inaugural running of the 6 Hours of Bahrain and the sixth round of the 2012 FIA World Endurance Championship season.

neg: 2011 5-hour Energy 500 The 2011 5-hour Energy 500 was a NASCAR Sprint Cup Series motor race held on June 12, 2011 at Pocono Raceway in Long Pond, Pennsylvania. Contested over 200 laps on the 2.5-mile (4.0 km) asphalt tri-oval, it was the 14th race of the 2011 Sprint Cup Series season. The race was won by Jeff Gordon for the Hendrick Motorsports team. Kurt Busch finished second, and Kyle Busch clinched third.

neg: 1983 1000 km of Nürburgring The 1983 1000 km of Nürburgring was an endurance race held at the Nürburgring Nordschleife. It was Round 3 of the 1983 FIA World Endurance Championship. The race was the last international race to be held at the Nordschleife until the 2015 FIA WTCC Race of Germany, and the following year, the new GP-Strecke track was completed and all international racing was held on that section of the track. It was also the race where West German driver Stefan Bellof recorded a still-unbeaten 6:11.13 around the track in his factory backed Rothmans Porsche 956.