query: Tanedra Howard, who played Simone Bethson in the 2009 American horror film "Saw VI", was the winner of which reality show?

pos: Tanedra Howard Tanedra Howard (born August 15, 1980) is an American actress. She is best known for winning the reality show "Scream Queens" and playing Simone Bethson in "Saw VI" and "Saw 3D".

pos: Saw VI Saw VI is a 2009 American horror film directed by Kevin Greutert from a screenplay written by Patrick Melton and Marcus Dunstan. It is the sixth installment in the "Saw" franchise and stars Tobin Bell, Costas Mandylor, Betsy Russell, Mark Rolston, Peter Outerbridge, and Shawnee Smith. It was produced by Mark Burg and Oren Koules of Twisted Pictures and distributed by Lionsgate.

neg: My Diet Is Better Than Yours My Diet Is Better Than Yours is an American reality competition television series which premiered on ABC on January 7, 2016. The weight-loss series features five contestants who each picks a trainer and a type of diet that they believe are the most suitable for them; the competitors subsequently drop their trainers in the elimination process if the results are not satisfactory.

neg: Beth Greene Beth Greene is a fictional character from the American horror drama television series "The Walking Dead", created by season two showrunner Glen Mazzara, and portrayed by Emily Kinney. Daughter of veterinarian and farmer Hershel Greene, and younger, half-sister of Maggie, the character has no counterpart in the comic book series on which the show is based.

neg: Bethenny Frankel Bethenny Frankel (born November 4, 1970) is an American reality TV personality who founded Skinnygirl Cocktails, authored four self-help books and hosted the talk show, "Bethenny". Frankel has appeared on "", "The Real Housewives of New York City" and was the subject of the reality television series "Bethenny Ever After".

neg: Erika Landin Erika Michelle Landin is an American actress and former pilates instructor, who appeared on two seasons of the reality TV show "Big Brother", placing fourth in "Big Brother 4" in 2003 and placing second in "Big Brother: All-Stars" in 2006. After "Big Brother 4", along with other reality show participants, she appeared in the movie "The Scorned", which was aired on the E! TV channel and distributed on DVD. Landin played Sandra in the horror movie, about a group of young adults coming upon a house possibly inhabited by a (thought to be) dead woman. Previously, in 1998, Landin had a minor appearance in the film "Dance with Me" as a dancer. Landin has also appeared in numerous commercials, and has been on the cover of "Femme Fatales" magazine. Landin is now involved in casting and has cast Survivor 12–16, The Amazing Race 9–21 27- cast the "Bachelor" Matt Grant, and has worked on shows such as MasterChef, MasterChef Junior, Millionaire Matchmaker, Tabatha's Salon Takeover, The Fashion Show, The Biggest Loser, Man vs. Child, Cougar. She got married in May 2014 and is now Erika Rich.

neg: 10 Years Younger (U.S. TV series) 10 Years Younger (also abbreviated as 10YY) is an American reality series that aired on TLC. It takes individuals and transform them to look more "glamorous", or 'ten years younger', hence the name of the show. As of February 2011, the Oprah Winfrey Network have been airing reruns of the show.

neg: Genuine Ken Genuine Ken is a reality TV game show hosted by former MTV's "The Hills" and "The City" cast member Whitney Port where 8 male contestants compete to become "The Great American Boyfriend." The TV show's first season had Whitney Port and Lauren Bruksch (director of Barbie Marketing) as permanent judges and a different guest judge each week.

neg: The Challenge (TV series) The Challenge (originally known as Road Rules: All Stars, followed by Real World/Road Rules Challenge) is a reality game show on MTV that is spun off from the network's two reality shows, "Real World" and "Road Rules". It features alumni from these two shows, in addition to first-time cast members called 'Fresh Meat', alumni from "Are You the One?", and relatives of these cast members called 'Bloodlines', competing against one another for a cash prize. "The Challenge" is currently hosted by T. J. Lavin.

neg: Series 7: The Contenders Series 7: The Contenders is a 2001 dark comedy directed by Daniel Minahan. The film is presented as a marathon of the seventh series of an American reality television show called "The Contenders," where six people, picked at random from a national lottery, are each given a pistol and forced to hunt and kill each other for the cameras. The film is a dark satire of the reality television genre. It stars Brooke Smith as Dawn, the reigning champion from the fifth and sixth series.

neg: So You Think You Can Dance Australia (season 2) Season two of So You Think You Can Dance Australia, the Australian version of the American reality dance-off series "So You Think You Can Dance", is hosted by former Rogue Traders vocalist and solo artist Natalie Bassingthwaighte, with Jason Coleman, Matt Lee and Bonnie Lythgoe acting as the judges. It premiered on 1 February 2009. Talia Fowler was announced as the winner on 26 April 2009.

neg: National Reality Television Awards The National Reality TV Awards also known as Reality TV Awards or NRTA are an annual award show produced by the IEG Global and National Media Group . The awards show became the first ever awards ceremony to launch in both the UK and US to celebrate the cast and crew from the reality TV industry.

neg: Phenomenon (TV series) Phenomenon is a competition show judged by mystifier Uri Geller and illusionist Criss Angel and hosted by Tim Vincent which debuted live on Wednesday, October 24, 2007 on NBC. The show featured ten contestants competing to become the next great mentalist, to be determined by viewers voting by phone and online. The contestants performed their effects on celebrity guests each week. The winner of "Phenomenon" would win $250,000.

neg: I Was Possessed I Was Possessed is an American reality television series based on true life accounts of possession, premiered on July 11, 2015, in the United States, on LMN.

neg: Ashley Prange Ashley Prange (born November 24, 1981) is a professional golfer and winner of the reality television program "".

neg: Australian Survivor Australian Survivor (also known as Australian Celebrity Survivor during season two) is an Australian reality game show based on the popular international "Survivor" format.

neg: Terry Deitz Terry Deitz (born October 10, 1959) is a retired U.S. Navy pilot, television host, and two-time contestant on the American reality television show "Survivor", where he placed third in the . He also competed in the , placing 15th. He is currently a commercial airline pilot and host of "Great Planes" on the Military Channel.

neg: Iliza Shlesinger Iliza Vie Shlesinger ( ; born February 22, 1983) is an American comedian. She was the 2008 winner of NBC's "Last Comic Standing" and went on to host the syndicated dating show "Excused" and the TBS comedy/game show "Separation Anxiety". Currently, she hosts a late-night talk show called Truth & Iliza on Freeform.

neg: Trishelle Cannatella Trishelle Cannatella (born November 4, 1979) is an American reality TV contestant, "Playboy" model, and actress, known for her appearances on the MTV reality television series "", and the "Real World" spinoff show "The Challenge". She has also appeared on other reality shows such as "The Surreal Life", "Kill Reality", "Punk'd" and "Fear Factor". She has also made appearances in TV ads and music videos, posed nude in "Playboy" magazine, appeared in the horror film "The Scorned", and competed successfully in celebrity poker tournaments.

neg: Yoanna House Yoanna House (born April 9, 1980) is an American fashion model and television host, best known as the winner of Cycle 2 of "America's Next Top Model".

neg: Survivor: All-Stars Survivor: All-Stars is the eighth season of the American CBS competitive reality television series "Survivor". It was filmed from November 3, 2003 through December 11, 2003 and premiered on February 1, 2004 after Super Bowl XXXVIII. It was set on the Pearl Islands of Panama, where the previous season "" had just wrapped up. Hosted by Jeff Probst, it consisted of the usual 39 days of gameplay with, for the first time, 18 competitors instead of the usual 16, and three tribes instead of the usual two.

neg: Fly Girls (TV series) Fly Girls is an American reality television program that follows the personal lives of five flight attendants working for Virgin America. The program aired from March 24, 2010 to May 5, 2010.


query: Have musicians Hansi Kürsch and John Reis both performed as members of a band?

pos: Hansi Kürsch Hans Jürgen Kürsch, better known as Hansi Kürsch (born 10 August 1966 in Lank-Latum/Meerbusch, Germany), is a German musician best known for being the co-founder, lead vocalist, co-composer, and lyricist of power metal band Blind Guardian. He was also the bassist in Blind Guardian until the 1998 album "Nightfall in Middle-Earth". He also provides lead vocals for the band Demons and Wizards.

pos: John Reis John Reis (born 1969) and also known by the pseudonyms Speedo, Slasher, and The Swami is an American musician, singer, guitarist, record label owner, and disc jockey. He is best known as the singer and guitarist for the rock band Rocket from the Crypt, which he formed and fronted (as Speedo) for the entirety of its career from 1990 to 2005. Prior to this he was the guitarist in the post-hardcore band Pitchfork, and also played in Drive Like Jehu during the early 1990s. In 1999 he formed the Hot Snakes, and in 2000 also formed the Sultans, in which (as Slasher) he sang and originally played bass before switching to rhythm guitar. He played in both these bands until their breakups in 2005 and 2007 respectively. He also released a solo recording under the name Back Off Cupids, which was recorded in 1994 but not released until 1999. Over the years he has performed in many other musical acts including Conservative Itch, Stacatto Reads, Custom Floor, and Beehive & the Barracudas. He is the owner of Swami Records, a label he founded in 1999 (he uses the title The Swami in this capacity). He frequently works with bands in a studio capacity and releases albums by many southern California groups through his label. He also hosts the "Swami Sound System" program (previously on San Diego radio station 94.9 (KBZT), and now available on Slacker Radio). Reis remains an influential figure in the San Diego underground music community and is currently performing with a new band named The Night Marchers.

neg: Kukui (band) Kukui is a Japanese band consisting of Haruka Shimotsuki (vocal, lyrics & composition) and Myu (composition, arrangement & lyrics). They have produced songs for anime and games, most notably the "Rozen Maiden" anime series.

neg: Maus (band) Maus is a rock band from Iceland, formed in 1993. The band consists of Birgir Örn Steinarsson (Biggi) on vocals and guitar, Daníel Þorsteinsson (Danni) on drums, Eggert Gíslason on bass, and Páll Ragnar Pálsson (Palli) on guitar. Most of their songs are sung in Icelandic, though English versions of some songs have been released, as well as some original songs in English. The band was active releasewise from 1994 to 2004 but still continue to play live. They released five studio albums, a number of singles and a compilation that also featured one new song and an bonus cd featuring unreleased demo's and remixes. The band was very active with live performances in and outside their native country. Abroad their most noticeable gigs where at the CMJ, Summerstage and touring Denmark. While active the band appeared at every Iceland Airwaves music festival including the first one. They were a popular supporting band for foreign bands who would visit Iceland. Those included bands/artists as Coldplay, Blonde Redhead, Ash, Ian Brown, Keane, Modest Mouse, and Placebo. Furthermore, Roger O'Donnell from The Cure has appeared as a guest keyboardist on their album "Lof Mér Að Falla Að Þínu Eyra".

neg: JS (band) JS is an American female R&B duo. The duo consists of members Kim Johnson and Kandy Johnson.

neg: Rättö ja Lehtisalo Rättö ja Lehtisalo is an experimental rock-music band, featuring two members of the Finnish group Circle, Jussi Lehtisalo and Mika Rättö (who also performs with Kuusumun Profeetta). Their output is clearly influenced by krautrock acts such as Cluster, Neu! and Harmonia. They have also recorded as a trio with Finnish rock performer Kauko Röyhkä.

neg: Brats (band) Brats was a Danish (Copenhagen) band formed in 1977 as a punk rock band. Original line-up featured Hank Shermann (real name Rene Krolmark, at that time known as Hank de Wank) on guitar, vocalist Franz De Zaster, drummer Eddie Haircut and bassist Mickey Rat. After recording songs for Danish "" compilation, the band split up in 1979, not much later reforming as a heavy metal band with new members. Hank Shermann was the only original member left, and he recruited bass guitarist and vocalist Yenz Leonhardt (Jens Arnsted, later of Iron Savior), drummer Lars Monroe and later second guitarist Michael Denner. This line-up signed a contract with CBS.

neg: Fever High Fever High is a Brooklyn-based duo composed of singer/instrumentalists Anna Nordeen and Reni Lane. Their five-track debut EP, "All Work", was re-released in 2016 by Sire Records after being released independently in 2015. The band also includes collaborator/producer Adam Schlesinger.

neg: The Tinklers The Tinklers are a band from Baltimore who have been together since 1979. The group consists of Charles Brohawn and Chris Mason, both of whom sing, play guitar, and percussion instruments of varying degrees of quality (including cigar boxes, spoons, and other types of junk). Both members are also actively engaged in creating art in other mediums including visual art and books. Their music can be characterized as outsider music due to its lack of traditional musical skills and abilities including proficiency at their instruments and the ability to sing in tune. Their performance method and practice eschews conventional standards of skills thought necessary for making music and can be historically placed with other acts such as Jad Fair and Half Japanese, Daniel Johnston, and many more obscure musicians.

neg: Nando Reis e Os Infernais Nando Reis e Os Infernais (or simply Os Infernais) is a Brazilian rock band founded by Nando Reis. It is the band that plays with him in studio and during live performances for his solo albums. From "MTV Ao Vivo" on, all albums by Nando Reis started being credited to both him and the band. Before the band was officially founded, keyboardist Alex Veley and guitarist Walter Villaça had already worked with Nando in his solo album "Para Quando o Arco-Íris Encontrar o Pote de Ouro", which was recorded in Seattle.

neg: Diamond Rugs Diamond Rugs is an American band project, composed of John McCauley and keyboardist Robbie Crowell of Deer Tick, Ian Saint Pé of The Black Lips, Hardy Morris of Dead Confederate, Steve Berlin of Los Lobos, and Bryan Dufresne of Six Finger Satellite. Their eponymous album, "Diamond Rugs", was released on April 24, 2012, and second album, "Cosmetics", on February 24, 2015.

neg: Kraken (band) Kraken is a rock band founded in Medellín, Colombia, in 1983. The current lineup consists of Andrés Leiva (guitar), Ricardo Wolff (guitar), Julian Puerto (drums), Luis Alberto Ramírez (bass guitar), and Rubén Gelvez (electronic keyboards). The sound of the band is characterized by a mixture of hard rock and heavy metal, a musical experiment that remains effective to this day.

neg: Milky Chance Milky Chance is a German folk group originating from Kassel. It consists of lead vocalist and guitarist Clemens Rehbein, DJ and producer Philipp Dausch, and guitarist Antonio Greger.

neg: Rust Belt Music Rust Belt Music (sometimes abbreviated RBM) is a San Francisco-based band that formed in 2001. The band has toured the United States. The original members were John Lindenbaum (vocals, guitar), Chris Cortelyou (drums), Laurin Askew (bass) and Micah Weinberg (keyboards). Askew and Weinberg were eventually replaced with Jason Michael (bass) and Andre Perry (keyboards).

neg: A-ha A-ha (usually stylized as a"-h"a; ] ) is a Norwegian band formed in Oslo in 1982. The band was founded by Morten Harket (vocals), Magne Furuholmen (keyboards) and Pål Waaktaar-Savoy (guitars). The group rose to fame during the mid-1980s after being discovered by musician and producer John Ratcliff, and continued global success in the 1990s and 2000s.

neg: Hans Chew Hans Chew (November 4, 1975) is an American pianist originally from Chattanooga, Tennessee, now based in New York City. He first gained recognition for his ragtime piano accompaniment to the late acoustic guitarist Jack Rose on his solo albums, "The Black Dirt Sessions" and "Luck in the Valley". Chew is also an original member of the psychedelic/country outfit D. Charles Speer & the Helix.

neg: Reino Nordin Reino Nordin (born 25 May 1983) is a Finnish actor and musician who is known for starring in films such as "Young Gods", "Ganes" and "Purge". Nordin has released one solo album and two albums with his band Reino & The Rhinos. His sister is singer Siiri Nordin.

neg: X-Legged Sally X-Legged Sally (XLS) is a Belgian avant-garde rock/jazz-band founded in 1988 by composer Peter Vermeersch, and disbanded in 1997. They were one of the first bands from Belgium to combine a set of very different musical styles (jazz, rock, improvisation and classical), becoming a starting point for the Belgian indie music scene that developed in the nineties.

neg: Einstürzende Neubauten Einstürzende Neubauten (] , "Collapsing New Buildings") is a German industrial band, originally from West Berlin, formed in 1980. The group currently is composed of Blixa Bargeld (lead vocals; guitar; keyboard), Alexander Hacke (bass; vocals), N.U. Unruh (custom-made instruments; percussion; vocals), Jochen Arbeit (guitar; vocals), and Rudolf Moser (custom-built instruments; percussion; vocals).

neg: Johnny Kreis Johnny Kreiss is an American rock drummer who was the drummer of Axl Rose and Izzy Stradlin's pre-Guns N' Roses band Hollywood Rose.

neg: The Ries Brothers The Ries Brothers (pronounced "Rees") is a two-member rock, blues, funk, and reggae band consisting of two brothers from Clearwater, Florida who write and perform their own music.

neg: Sigur Rós Sigur Rós (] ) is an Icelandic post-rock band from Reykjavík, who have been active since 1994. Known for their ethereal sound, frontman Jónsi's falsetto vocals, and the use of bowed guitar, the band's music is also noticeable for its incorporation of classical and minimalist aesthetic elements. The band is named after Jónsi's sister Sigurrós Elín.


query: The Textile Workers Union of America (TWUA) was an industrial union of textile workers established through the Congress of Industrial Organizations in 1939 and merged with which organization, a United States labor union known for its support for "social unionism" and progressive political causes, to become the Amalgamated Clothing and Textile Workers Union (ACTWU) in 1976?

pos: Textile Workers Union of America The Textile Workers Union of America (TWUA) was an industrial union of textile workers established through the Congress of Industrial Organizations in 1939 and merged with the Amalgamated Clothing Workers of America to become the Amalgamated Clothing and Textile Workers Union (ACTWU) in 1976. It waged a decades-long campaign to organize J.P. Stevens and other Southern textile manufacturers that achieved some successes.

pos: Amalgamated Clothing Workers of America The Amalgamated Clothing Workers of America (ACWA) was a United States labor union known for its support for "social unionism" and progressive political causes. Led by Sidney Hillman for its first thirty years, it helped found the Congress of Industrial Organizations. It merged with the Textile Workers Union of America (TWUA) in 1976 to form the Amalgamated Clothing and Textile Workers Union (ACTWU), which merged with the International Ladies' Garment Workers' Union in 1995 to create the Union of Needletrades, Industrial and Textile Employees (UNITE). UNITE merged in 2004 with the Hotel Employees and Restaurant Employees Union (HERE) in 2004 to create a new union known as UNITE HERE. After a bitter internal dispute in 2009, the majority of the UNITE side of the union, along with some of the disgruntled HERE locals left UNITE HERE, and formed a new union named Workers United, Led by former UNITE president Bruce Raynor.

neg: Sidney Hillman Sidney Hillman (March 23, 1887 – July 10, 1946) was an American labor leader. He was the head of the Amalgamated Clothing Workers of America and was a key figure in the founding of the Congress of Industrial Organizations and in marshaling labor's support for Franklin Delano Roosevelt and the Democratic Party.

neg: Women's Industrial Service League The Women’s Industrial Service League, Inc. was organized on October 8, 1931, with 14 members, under the leadership of Eleanor Hull. Many women had come from the South of the United States seeking a better life through jobs and education. Many of these women became domestic employees. The organization was set up so that young women in the Far Rockaway area of Queens would have a place to get counseling, sleeping accommodations, friendship and love. Hull was the president of the organization from 1931 to 1940. Originally known as the Working Girls Cooperative League the organization was incorporated in 1934.

neg: Maritime Trades Department, AFL–CIO The Maritime Trades Department, AFL–CIO (MTD) is one of seven constitutionally-mandated departments of the AFL-CIO. Formed on August 19, 1946 by the American Federation of Labor, the stated goal of the Department is to give "workers employed in the maritime industry and its allied trades a voice in shaping national policy."

neg: Boot and Shoe Workers' Union The Boot and Shoe Workers' Union was a North American trade union of workers in the footwear manufacturing industry which was established in 1895. The union was affiliated with the American Federation of Labor.

neg: Worker Student Alliance The Worker Student Alliance (WSA) in the United States was the section of Students for a Democratic Society led by the Progressive Labor Party. The WSA argued that the best way to build a movement in the working class, like SDS wanted, was for students to become involved in workers' struggles both on and off the campuses. In practice, that usually meant students enrolled in school would get jobs as cafeteria hands and other manual labor jobs at those schools.

neg: Workingmen's Party of Illinois The Workingmen's Party of Illinois was an American political party established in the city of Chicago in December 1873. It was one of the first International Socialist political parties established in North America. Founded in the aftermath of a massive demonstration of unemployed workers, the organization ran candidates for the Common Council of Chicago and for United States Congress as well as state office in Illinois in the November 1874 election. The organization is best remembered as one of the constituent parties coming together as the Workingmen's Party of the United States in 1876 — an organization later renamed the Socialist Labor Party of America.

neg: 1966 New York City transit strike The 1966 New York City transit strike was a strike in New York City called by the Transport Workers Union (TWU) and Amalgamated Transit Union (ATU) after the expiration of their contract with the New York City Transit Authority (TA). It was the first strike against the TA; pre-TWU transit strikes in 1905, 1910, 1916 and 1919 against the then-private transit companies had all failed. There had also been some partial TWU strikes in the 1930s, but no citywide actions. The strike led to the passage of the Taylor Law, which redefined the rights and limitations of unions for public employees in New York.

neg: Salad Bowl strike The Salad Bowl strike was a series of strikes, mass pickets, boycotts and secondary boycotts that began on August 23, 1970 and led to the largest farm worker strike in U.S. history. The strike was led by the United Farm Workers against the International Brotherhood of Teamsters. The Salad Bowl strike was only in part a jurisdictional strike, for many of the actions taken during the event were not strikes. The strike led directly to the passage of the California Agricultural Labor Relations Act in 1975.

neg: League for Socialist Action (UK) It consisted of a group of members of the reunified Fourth International who split from the International Marxist Group in the 1976 in support of the American Socialist Workers Party's tendency in the International.

neg: California Immigrant Workers Association The California Immigrant Workers Association (CIWA) was a group created by labor unions in California in the wake of the Immigration Reform and Control Act of 1986. Its main goal was to associate immigrant workers and integrate them to the labor movement through amnesty.

neg: Seattle General Strike The Seattle General Strike of 1919 was a five-day general work stoppage by more than 65,000 workers in the city of Seattle, Washington, which lasted from February 6 to February 11 of that year. Dissatisfied workers in several unions began the strike to gain higher wages after two years of World War I wage controls. Most other local unions, including members of the American Federation of Labor (AFL) and the Industrial Workers of the World (IWW), joined the walkout. Although the strike was non-violent and lasted less than a week, government officials, the press, and much of the public viewed the strike as a radical attempt to subvert US institutions.

neg: United Fishermen and Allied Workers' Union The United Fishermen and Allied Workers' Union was established in 1945 in British Columbia through the merger of the United Fishermen's Federal Union and the Fish, Cannery and Reduction Plant and Allied Workers Union. It represented fishers, shoreworkers, and workers in fish processing and transport, and fought for improved wages and working conditions in the industry as well as the imposition of fishing quotas and licensing requirements. The union survived raiding wars with the British Columbia Gillnetter's Association in 1952 and the Seafarers' International Union in 1953. Suspected of being under communist influence, it was suspended by the Trades and Labour Congress of Canada in 1953 and refused admittance to the Canadian Labour Congress until 1972. For example, a longtime president of the UFAWU, Homer Stevens, ran as the Communist Party candidate in the Burnaby-Richmond-Delta riding in the 1970s. The union also had a section in Nova Scotia. The UFAWU joined the Canadian Auto Workers in 1996.

neg: Canadian Congress of Labour The Canadian Congress of Labour (CCL) was founded in 1940 and merged with Trades and Labour Congress of Canada (TLC) to form the Canadian Labour Congress (CLC) in 1956.

neg: League of Revolutionary Black Workers The League of Revolutionary Black Workers (LRBW) formed in 1969 in Detroit, Michigan. The League united a number of different Revolutionary Union Movements (RUMs) that were growing rapidly across the auto industry and other industrial sectors—industries in which Black workers were concentrated in Detroit in the late 1960s and early 1970s. The formation of the League was an attempt to form a more cohesive political organ guided by the principles of Black liberation and Marxism-Leninism in order to gain political power and articulate the specific concerns of Black workers through political action. While the League was only active for a short period of time, it was a significant development in a time of increasing militancy and political action by Black workers and in the context of both the Black liberation and Marxist-Leninist movements in the United States.

neg: Public Works and Constructional Operatives' Union The Public Works and Constructional Operatives' Union was a trade union in the United Kingdom. It was founded in 1889 by John Ward (who remained general secretary throughout its existence) as the Navvies, Bricklayers' Labourers and General Labourers' Union and was renamed in 1920. Losing members to other unions throughout the 1920s, its Staffordshire district merged with the Transport and General Workers' Union in 1929 and it disappeared altogether in 1933.

neg: Federation of Hospital and University Employees The Federation of Hospital And University Employees is a coalition of labor unions in New Haven, Connecticut, United States, which represents thousands of workers at Yale University and Yale-New Haven Hospital. The federation currently includes recognized unions UNITE HERE Locals 34 and 35, which represent university food service, maintenance, and custodial workers, and clerical and technical workers, respectively. UNITE HERE has also, for the last fifteen years, supported the organizing efforts of graduate student teachers and researchers in the Graduate Employees and Students Organization. Finally, the Federation also includes the 150 dietary workers at Yale-New Haven Hospital who are members of Local 1199NE of the Service Employees International Union (SEIU). Since 1998, this union has conducted an organizing campaign of about 1,800 other blue-collar service workers at the hospital. On March 22, 2006, the union and hospital agreed to an agreement governing the conduct of both parties in a neutral election process by which hospital employees will be able to vote on whether to unionize.

neg: Socialist Unity (United States) Socialist Unity was a Trotskyist group in the United States. It was founded by former members of the Socialist Workers Party (SWP) in 1985, around Les Evans who wanted to maintain links with the United Secretariat of the Fourth International. Immediately after being expelled from the SWP, future Socialist Unity supporters formed part of the Socialist Action but left that grouping in favor of joining the Solidarity with the International Socialists and Workers Power in 1986. Within Solidarity they constituted a " Fourth International Caucus " which retains links with the United Secretariat of the Fourth International in this capacity.

neg: National Trades' Union The National Trades' Union was the first federation of labor unions in the United States. It was established in 1834, but collapsed during the Panic of 1837.

neg: Labor Age Labor Age was a monthly political magazine published from 1929 to 1933. The publisher was by the Labor Publication Society. It succeeded the "Socialist Review", journal of the Intercollegiate Socialist Society. "Labor Age" advocated industrial unionism, economic planning, and workers' education (especially the activities of Brookwood Labor College). It reported extensively on innovative tactics for organizing nonunion workers in mass production industries, identifying tactics that would become standard procedure for union organizers in the 1930s and 1940s. Important figures associated with "Labor Age" were A. J. Muste, James Maurer, Harry W. Laidler, Fannia Cohn, and Louis Budenz.

neg: Labor rights Labor rights or workers' rights are a group of legal rights and claimed human rights having to do with labor relations between workers and their employers, usually obtained under labor and employment law. In general, these rights' debates have to do with negotiating workers' pay, benefits, and safe working conditions. One of the most central of these rights is the right to unionize. Unions take advantage of collective bargaining and industrial action to increase their members' wages and otherwise change their working situation. Labor rights can also take in the form of worker's control and worker's self management in which workers have a democratic voice in decision and policy making. The labor movement initially focused on this "right to unionize", but attention has shifted elsewhere.


query: In what month and year was the video game that inspired the Overwatch digital comic series released?

pos: Overwatch (digital comic series) Overwatch is an American digital comic series published online by Blizzard Entertainment and republished by Dark Horse Comics' digital service, featuring events surrounding the characters of the "Overwatch" universe. The title was launched on April 21, 2016, and has continued to be published with no set schedule.

pos: Characters of Overwatch The team-based first person shooter video game "Overwatch", developed by Blizzard Entertainment and released in May 2016, features 25 playable characters (heroes) and a number of supporting characters as part of the game's narrative, which is told through animated media and digital comics outside of the game.

neg: Escape Velocity (video game) Escape Velocity is a single-player role-playing space trading and combat video game series first introduced in 1996 by Ambrosia Software for the Apple Macintosh. Two other similar games based on the original, "EV Override" and "EV Nova", followed in 1998 and 2002 respectively, the latter of which is also available on Microsoft Windows. In addition there is a trading card game available based on the storyline of the "EV Nova" universe.

neg: Gears of War 2 Gears of War 2 is a military science fiction third-person shooter video game developed by Epic Games and published by Microsoft Game Studios for the Xbox 360. It is the second installment of the "Gears of War" series, with lead design by Cliff Bleszinski. The game was released in North America, Europe and Australia on November 7, 2008 and was released in Japan on July 30, 2009. The game expands technically on the previous game by using a modified Unreal Engine 3 engine. The development team brought in comic book writer Joshua Ortega to help write the plot for the game.

neg: Guild Wars Guild Wars is a massively multiplayer online role-playing game (MMORPG) series developed by ArenaNet and published by NCSOFT. It provides two main modes of gameplay—a cooperative role-playing component and a competitive PvP component—both of which are hosted on ArenaNet's servers. Three stand-alone episodes, one major expansion pack, and several "mini"-expansions were released in the series from April 2005 to April 2013.

neg: BioShock (series) BioShock is a first-person shooter video game series developed by Irrational Games—the first under the name 2K Boston/2K Australia—and designed by Ken Levine. The first game in the series was released for the Windows operating system and Xbox 360 video game console on August 21, 2007 in North America, and three days later (August 24) in Europe and Australia. A PlayStation 3 version of the game, which was developed by 2K Marin, was released internationally on October 17, 2008 and in North America on October 21, 2008 with some additional features. The game was also released for the Mac OS X operating system on October 7, 2009. A version of the game for mobile platforms has also been developed by IG Fun. A sequel, "BioShock 2", was released on February 9, 2010. On August 12, 2010, Irrational Games unveiled a trailer for a new game titled "BioShock Infinite", released on March 26, 2013. With the release of "BioShock Infinite" selling over 11 million copies as of May 2015, the three games combined have more than 25 million copies sold.

neg: Strike Suit Zero Strike Suit Zero is a space flight combat game developed by the independent game studio Born Ready Games. "Strike Suit Zero" seeks to revive the space combat genre by introducing "strike mode" as a new element to the dogfight-based gameplay of classic space combat games. "Strike Suit Zero" takes its inspiration from numerous different franchises, most notably "Elite" and related franchises: "Homeworld", "Freelancer", "Colony Wars", "Star Wars", "Gundam", "Macross" and "". The game is built on a proprietary engine. It was released for Microsoft Windows on January 23, 2013, and for OS X and Linux on August 9, 2013.

neg: Wars (series) The Wars series, also known as Famicom Wars (ファミコンウォーズ , Famikon Wōzu ) in Japan, Advance Wars in the West, and occasionally Nintendo Wars as a whole, is a series of military turn-based tactics video games, usually developed by Intelligent Systems and published by Nintendo. The series debuted in Japan on August 12, 1988. Like another Intelligent Systems series, "Fire Emblem", earlier installments of the series were released only in Japan; "Advance Wars" (2001) was the first to reach the North American and European markets. "Advance Wars" was released in the United States on September 10, 2001, but put on hold in Japan and Europe due to the terrorist attacks in the U.S. Although released in Europe in January 2002, neither GBA game was released in Japan until the "Game Boy Wars Advance 1+2" compilation which released for the Game Boy Advance on November 25, 2004 and for the Wii U Virtual Console on April 3, 2014.

neg: Marvel Heroes (video game) Marvel Heroes, also known as Marvel Heroes 2016 and Marvel Heroes Omega, is a free-to-play massively multiplayer online action role-playing video game developed by Gazillion Entertainment and Secret Identity Studios. Characters such as Iron Man, Captain America, Deadpool and Wolverine serve as characters that players can unlock in the game. Players who pre-purchased a game pack received early access to the game on May 29, 2013. The game was officially launched on June 4, 2013, on Microsoft Windows. An OS X version is planned to follow post-launch, and in November 2014 was in an open beta. The game was renamed to "Marvel Heroes 2015" on June 4, 2014. The game was rebranded in January 2016 to "Marvel Heroes 2016".

neg: Overwatch League The Overwatch League is a professional eSports league for the video game "Overwatch". During Blizzcon 2016, Blizzard announced their plans for the league, using an organization of permanent teams in league placements similar to more traditional physical sports in the United States, rather than the use of relegation and promotion used in a series like "League of Legends" Championship Series.

neg: Counter-Strike (video game) Counter-Strike (also known as Half-Life: Counter-Strike) is a first-person shooter video game developed by Valve Corporation. It was initially developed and released as a "Half-Life" modification by Minh "Gooseman" Le and Jess Cliffe in 1999, before Le and Cliffe were hired and the game's intellectual property acquired. "Counter-Strike" was released by Valve on the Microsoft Windows platform in 2000. The game spawned a franchise, and is the first installment in the "Counter-Strike" series. Several remakes and Ports of "Counter-Strike" have been released on the Xbox console, as well as OS X and Linux. It is sometimes referred to as Counter-Strike 1.6 to distinguish it from other titles of the series, 1.6 being the final major software update the game received.

neg: Onimusha Onimusha (鬼武者 , literally "Oni Warrior") is a series of video games by developer Capcom. The series makes use of the historic figures that shaped Japan's history, retelling their stories with supernatural elements. Most of the games are of the action-adventure game genre, a combination of third person combat and puzzle solving, where the protagonist wields the power of the Oni, enabling them to fight the Genma, the main enemy of the series. As of 2017, the series has sold over 8 million copies, making it Capcom's seventh best-selling franchise, behind the "Resident Evil", "Monster Hunter", "Street Fighter", "Mega Man", "Devil May Cry" and "Dead Rising" series.

neg: Game Over (video game) Game Over is an action video game developed by Dinamic Software and published by Imagine Software in 1987. It was available for the Amstrad CPC, Commodore 64, MSX, Thomson TO7 and ZX Spectrum. The game was generally received positively. The game's promotional artwork caused a controversy due to the portrayal of a female nipple, which was subsequently covered-up. A sequel ("Game Over II") was released in 1987.

neg: Call of Duty: Black Ops III Call of Duty: Black Ops III is a first-person shooter video game, developed by Treyarch and published by Activision. It is the twelfth entry in the "Call of Duty" series and the sequel to the 2012 video game "". It was released on Microsoft Windows, PlayStation 4, and Xbox One on November 6, 2015. A feature-limited version developed by Beenox and Mercenary Technology that only supports multiplayer modes was released on PlayStation 3 and Xbox 360 and was also the final "Call of Duty" title released on those platforms.

neg: Battlefield Hardline Battlefield Hardline is a first-person shooter video game developed by Visceral Games in collaboration with EA DICE and published by Electronic Arts. It was released in March 2015 for Microsoft Windows, PlayStation 3, PlayStation 4, Xbox 360 and Xbox One. Unlike the previous games in the "Battlefield" series, "Hardline" focuses on crime, heist and policing elements instead of military warfare.

neg: The Invincible Iron Man (video game) The Invincible Iron Man is an action video game published by Activision and developed by Torus Games for the Game Boy Advance in 2002. It is a one-player side-scrolling action game in which the player battles various villains from the Iron Man comic book series.

neg: Army of Two Army of Two is a third-person shooter video game developed and published by Electronic Arts, released on March 6, 2008 for the Xbox 360 and PlayStation 3 consoles. The game is centered upon two mercenaries fighting through war, political turmoil, and a conspiracy from 1993 to 2009. Focusing on cooperative strategies, "Army of Two"' s main feature is the necessity to use coordinated teamwork to accomplish the game's goals. While the game is meant to be played with another human as a partner, a "Partner Artificial Intelligence" (PAI) is also included and programmed to follow the player's strategies. Dependence on a partner (whether human or PAI) is so pronounced that most objectives are impossible to complete without it.

neg: Asterix at the Olympic Games (video game) Asterix at the Olympic Games is a video game for the Wii, Xbox 360, PlayStation 2, PC and Nintendo DS that is loosely based on the comic with the same name and most based on the live action film. It was released in Europe in November 2007 for PC, Wii, PlayStation 2 and Nintendo DS, this game was also later released for Xbox 360 in Europe in August 2008. This was the second to last Asterix game released by Atari/Infogrames, as the company lost the Asterix license in Early 2009.

neg: Injustice: Gods Among Us Injustice: Gods Among Us is a fighting video game based upon the fictional universe of DC Comics. The game was developed by NetherRealm Studios and published by Warner Bros. Interactive Entertainment for the PlayStation 3, Xbox 360, and Wii U. It was released in April 2013 in North America, Europe, and Australia, and June 2013 in Japan. An expanded version of the game, titled "Injustice: Gods Among Us Ultimate Edition", was released in November 2013 for the PlayStation 3, PlayStation 4, PlayStation Vita, Xbox 360, Wii U, and Microsoft Windows. A free-to-play mobile app based on "Injustice" was also released for Android and iOS devices.

neg: Metal Gear Metal Gear (Japanese: メタルギア , Hepburn: Metaru Gia ) is a series of action-adventure stealth video games, created by Hideo Kojima and developed and published by Konami. The first game, "Metal Gear", was released in 1987 for the MSX home computer architecture. The player takes control of a special forces operative (usually either Solid Snake or Big Boss), who is assigned to find the titular superweapon "Metal Gear", a bipedal walking tank with the ability to launch nuclear weapons. Several sequels have been released for multiple consoles, which have expanded the original game's plot adding characters opposing and supporting Snake, while there have also been a few prequels exploring the origins of the Metal Gear and recurring characters.

neg: Syndicate (2012 video game) Syndicate is a cyberpunk first-person shooter video game developed by Starbreeze Studios and published by Electronic Arts for Microsoft Windows, PlayStation 3 and Xbox 360. It is a reboot of the "Syndicate" series of real-time tactical shooter games developed by Bullfrog Productions. The game was released in February 2012 worldwide.

neg: Left 4 Dead Left 4 Dead is a cooperative first-person shooter video game with survival horror elements, developed by Valve South and published by Valve Corporation. The game uses Valve's proprietary Source engine, and is available for Microsoft Windows, Xbox 360 and OS X. Development on the game was completed on November 13, 2008, and two versions were released digitally: A downloadable digital version, released on November 17, 2008, and a digital retail disc version, with a release date determined by region. The digital retail disc version was released in North America and Australia on November 18, 2008; and in Europe on November 21, 2008.


query: What year was the winner of the 2016 Marrakesh ePrix born?

pos: 2016 Marrakesh ePrix The 2016 Marrakesh ePrix (formally the 2016 FIA Formula E Marrakesh ePrix) was a Formula E motor race held on 12 November 2016 at the Circuit Moulay El Hassan in Marrakesh, Morocco in front of a crowd of 7,000 people. It was the second round of the 2016–17 Formula E season and the first time the series had visited the African continent. The 33-lap race was won by e.Dams-Renault driver Sébastien Buemi, who started from the seventh position. Sam Bird finished second for the Virgin team and Mahindra driver Felix Rosenqvist came in third.

pos: Sébastien Buemi Sébastien Olivier Buemi (born 31 October 1988) is a Swiss professional racing driver, who formerly competed for Scuderia Toro Rosso in Formula One. Buemi is currently a reserve driver for Scuderia Toro Rosso's sister team, Red Bull Racing, as well as being a member of Toyota's FIA World Endurance Championship squad and e.dams Renault in the FIA Formula E Championship. Along with teammate Anthony Davidson, Buemi became World Champion in the LMP1 class of the FIA World Endurance Championship, in 2014. He won the second ever Formula E championship, the season held across 2015–2016, by two points for setting the fastest lap time in the final race despite not finishing the event.

neg: 2015 Monaco ePrix The 2015 Monaco ePrix was a Formula E motor race held on 9 May 2015 on the Circuit de Monaco, a street circuit in Monte Carlo, Monaco. It was the seventh championship race of the single-seater, electrically powered racing car series' inaugural season. The race was won by Sébastien Buemi, who became the first multiple race winner in the series.

neg: 2016 Tour of Oman The 2016 Tour of Oman was a road cycling stage race that took place between 16 and 21 February 2016 in Oman. It was the seventh edition of the Tour of Oman and is rated as a 2.HC race as part of the 2016 UCI Asia Tour. The previous year's champion, Rafael Valls, was not present to defend his title.

neg: Mohammed Rabii Mohammed Rabii (Arabic: محمد ربيعي  "Muḥammad Rabī‘ī"; born 13 July 1993) is a Moroccan boxer. He won a bronze medal in the men's welterweight event at the 2016 Summer Olympics.

neg: Carolina Marín Carolina María Marín Martín (born 15 June 1993) is a professional badminton player from Spain. She is the Olympic Champion, two time World Champion, three time European Champion and the former World No.1 in BWF rankings for the badminton women's singles. Carolina Marin is currently ranked No. 4 in the World by Badminton World Federation. She became the World Champion in women's singles two times in a row in 2014 and 2015. She won her first Olympics gold medal in women's singles at the 2016 Rio Olympics after defeating P. V. Sindhu of India.

neg: Mohcine El Kouraji Mohcine El Kouraji (born 1 December 1997 in Marrakech) is a Moroccan cyclist.

neg: Tyler Williams (cyclist) Tyler Williams (born 17 November 1994 in Chandler, AZ) is an American cyclist who rides for .

neg: Driss Lahrichi Driss Lahrichi (born 2 December 1997) is a Moroccan swimmer. He competed in the men's 100 metre backstroke event at the 2016 Summer Olympics.

neg: Benoît Vaugrenard Benoît Vaugrenard (] ; born 5 January 1982) is a French road racing cyclist who rides for UCI ProTeam FDJ . He was named in the start list for the 2016 Giro d'Italia.

neg: 2016 UCI Road World Championships The 2016 UCI Road World Championships took place in Doha, Qatar, in October 2016. The championships was moved from the traditional September to October to avoid extreme hot and blustery weather. The event consisted of a road race, a team time trial and a time trial for elite men and women and a road race and a time trial for men under-23, junior men and junior women. It was the 89th Road World Championships and the first time that Qatar and the Middle East hosted the championships.

neg: Hamza Driouch Hamza Driouch (Arabic: حمزة الدريوش  ; born 16 November 1994) is a Qatari track and field athlete. He was born in Guelmim, Morocco.

neg: Ellen van Dijk Eleonora Maria "Ellen" van Dijk (] ; born 11 February 1987) is a Dutch professional road racing cyclist riding for Team Sunweb. Besides road cycling she was also a track cyclist until 2012. Van Dijk is known as a time trial specialist and is five times world champion. She won her first world title on the track in the scratch race in 2008. She became Road World Champion in 2012, 2013 and 2016 with her respective trade teams in the team time trial and in 2013 also in the individual time trial. In 2015, she won the time trial at the first European Games and the silver medal in the team time trial at the world championships.

neg: James Winslow James Winslow (born 16 April 1983) is a British racing driver. He is the winner of five motorsport championships and currently competes in the Asian Le Mans Series.

neg: 2016 Mallorca Open – Singles Caroline Garcia won the title, defeating Anastasija Sevastova in the final, 6–3, 6–4.

neg: Chloé Dygert Chloé Dygert (born January 1, 1997) is an American professional racing cyclist. She has won three gold medals at the UCI Track Cycling World Championships and a silver medal at the Olympic Games.

neg: Inès Boubakri Inès Boubakri (Arabic: إيناس بوبكري  ; born 28 December 1988) is a Tunisian foil fencer. She is a two-time Olympian, who won a bronze medal at the 2016 Summer Olympics, and is a member of Association sportive de Bourg-la-Reine in France, under head coach Yann Detienne.

neg: Mousa Shanan Zayed Mousa Shanan Zayed (born 9 March 1994) is a Qatari tennis player.

neg: Roxrite Omar "RoxRite" Delgado Macias (born April 6, 1982) is an award-winning competitive b-boy from San Diego, California. As of November 2014, he has won 85 titles including the UK B-Boy Championships (2005), R16 (2009), Red Bull BC One (2011) and Freestyle Session (2013).

neg: Miki Monrás Miquel "Miki" Monrás Albanell (born 17 January 1992 in Barcelona) is a professional racing driver from Spain.

neg: Erika Varela Erika Haydee Varela Huerta (born 3 April 1994) is a Mexican professional racing cyclist. She rode in the women's road race at the 2015 UCI Road World Championships.

neg: Lucy Evangelista Lucy Avril Evangelista (born on 17 January 1986 in Ballymena, Northern Ireland) is a British model and former Miss Northern Ireland winner and Miss World entrant.


query: Silent Hill HD Collection is a compilation of remastered ports of "Silent Hill 3", and "Silent Hill 2", a survival horror video game published by which company?

pos: Silent Hill HD Collection Silent Hill HD Collection is a compilation of remastered ports of "Silent Hill 2" and "Silent Hill 3" released for the PlayStation 3 and Xbox 360.

pos: Silent Hill 2 Silent Hill 2 is a survival horror video game published by Konami for the PlayStation 2 and developed by Team Silent, a production group within Konami Computer Entertainment Tokyo. The game was released in September 2001 as the second installment in the "Silent Hill" series. An extended version of the game containing a short bonus scenario and other minor additions was published for Xbox in December of the same year. In 2002 it was ported to the Microsoft Windows operating system. A remastered high-definition version of the game was released for the PlayStation 3 and the Xbox 360 in 2012 as part of the "Silent Hill HD Collection".

neg: Dead Rising (video game) Dead Rising (デッドライジング , Deddo Raijingu ) is an open world, survival horror beat 'em up video game developed and published by Capcom, and is the first entry in the series of the same name. The game's story sees players controlling Frank West, a photojournalist, who becomes trapped in a shopping mall within a town that is suffering from a zombie outbreak, and finds himself not only surviving by salvaging various items for weapons, but also rescuing survivors trapped in the complex and dealing with crazed psychopaths, while attempting to stay alive to uncover the truth behind the incident. While players must complete major missions to advance the main story, the sandbox element of the game means that optional tasks can be done, with several additional endings available if the player doesn't complete certain conditions towards the true ending of the story.

neg: Nightmare Creatures Nightmare Creatures is a survival horror video game released for the PlayStation, Microsoft Windows and Nintendo 64. It was developed by Kalisto Entertainment and published by Activision and Sony Computer Entertainment. A sequel, "Nightmare Creatures II", was released three years later. The Mobile phone version of "Nightmare Creatures" was developed and published by Gameloft in 2003.

neg: The Lost (video game) The Lost is an unreleased third-person shooter survival horror game co-developed by Irrational Games and FXLabs. Set to be released in 2002 for the PlayStation 2 and Xbox game consoles, "The Lost" went through a rocky development period until it was completed, and cancelled.

neg: Allison Road (video game) Allison Road is an upcoming first-person survival horror video game for Linux, Microsoft Windows, OS X by Lilith Ltd and formerly to be published by Team17. It was considered to be a spiritual successor to "P.T.", the playable teaser for the cancelled video game "Silent Hills". Before being funded by Team17, the game's development was fan-based. On 4 June 2016, the "Allison Road" Twitter account announced the game's cancellation. On August 22, 2016 an announcement was made on the Twitter account indicating that work on the game had resumed.

neg: Silent Service (video game) Silent Service is a 1985 submarine simulator video game. It was designed by Sid Meier and published by MicroProse for various 8-bit home computers, and in 1987 for 16-bit systems like the Amiga. A NES port of "Silent Service" developed by Rare was released in 1989 by Konami in Europe and by Konami's Ultra Games subsidiary in North America. The follow-up game, "Silent Service II", was released in 1990.

neg: F.E.A.R. F.E.A.R. First Encounter Assault Recon is a survival horror first-person shooter video game developed by Monolith Productions and published by Sierra Entertainment. It was released on October 17, 2005, for Microsoft Windows, and ported by Day 1 Studios to the Xbox 360 and PlayStation 3. TimeGate Studios has released two expansion packs, "F.E.A.R. Extraction Point" in October 2006, and "F.E.A.R. Perseus Mandate" in November 2007. A direct sequel titled "", was released in February 2009, and a second sequel, "F.3.A.R.", was released in June 2011, though it was developed by Day 1 Studios (now known as Wargaming Chicago-Baltimore), not by Monolith Productions.

neg: I Am Alive I Am Alive is a survival video game developed by Ubisoft Shanghai and published by Ubisoft. The game takes place in a post-apocalyptic setting and focuses on facing the permanent insecurity of a dystopian, decaying and hazardous world, and humanity's darkest inclinations towards brutality and materialism. Originally under development by Darkworks from 2003 until 2007, Ubisoft Shanghai completed the title. It was released for Xbox 360 on March 7, 2012, for PlayStation 3 on April 3, 2012 in North America and April 4, 2012 in Europe and also for Microsoft Windows on September 6, 2012.

neg: The Thing (video game) The Thing is a 2002 third-person shooter survival horror video game developed by Computer Artworks, published by Black Label Games, a publishing wing of Vivendi Universal Games, and distributed by Konami for Windows, Xbox and PlayStation 2. Game Boy Color and Game Boy Advance versions were also planned, but both were cancelled early in development.

neg: Dying Light Dying Light is an open world first person survival horror action-adventure video game developed by Techland and published by Warner Bros. Interactive Entertainment. Announced in May 2013, it was released in January 2015 for Microsoft Windows, Linux, PlayStation 4, and Xbox One. The game was once planned to be released on PlayStation 3 and Xbox 360, but was later cancelled due to hardware limitations.

neg: F.E.A.R. 3 F.E.A.R. 3 (stylized as F.3.A.R.) is a first-person shooter survival horror video game developed by Day 1 Studios for Microsoft Windows, PlayStation 3 and Xbox 360. It is the sequel to "", and the third and final installment of the "F.E.A.R." series. It was announced on April 8, 2010, and was stated to include John Carpenter helping on the cinematics as well as writer Steve Niles. It is also the only "F.E.A.R." game to have offline multiplayer, and co-op.

neg: Hysteria Project Hysteria Project is a 2009 FMV survival horror adventure game developed and published by BulkyPix for iOS and first released on the App Store on April 7, 2009. It was released as a PlayStation mini available for play on the PlayStation 3 and PlayStation Portable on April 15, 2010 in Europe and April 22, 2010 in North America. The port was published by Sanuk Games. A sequel was released on the App Store in 2011, "Hysteria Project 2".

neg: Call of Cthulhu: Dark Corners of the Earth Call of Cthulhu: Dark Corners of the Earth is a survival horror video game developed by Headfirst Productions and published by Bethesda Softworks with 2K Games and Ubisoft for the PC and Xbox systems. The game was published for the Xbox in 2005 and the PC in 2006. "Call of Cthulhu: Dark Corners of the Earth" combines an action-adventure game with a relatively realistic first-person shooter and elements of a stealth game.

neg: Primal (video game) Primal is an action-adventure horror video game developed by SCE Studio Cambridge and published by Sony Computer Entertainment exclusively for PlayStation 2. In May 2016, the game was made available for the PlayStation 4 through the PlayStation Network with slightly improved graphics and trophy support.

neg: Escape Dead Island Escape Dead Island is an adventure survival horror video game developed by Swedish developer Fatshark and published by German studio Deep Silver and distributed by Square Enix in North America for PS3 and Xbox 360 and Valve Corporation for PC. This is the second "Dead island" spin-off. On August 27, 2014, Deep Silver revealed that access to a beta version of "Dead Island 2", the third main entries of the series, will be available for those who pre-order "Escape Dead Island" on any of the platforms.

neg: Alone in the Dark 2 (video game) Alone in the Dark 2 is the 1993 sequel to 1992's survival horror video game "Alone in the Dark" developed and published by Infogrames as the second installment in the series. It was ported to the PC-98 and FM Towns in 1994 and to the 3DO Interactive Multiplayer in 1995 under the same name, and to the Sega Saturn and PlayStation in 1996 as Alone in the Dark: Jack is Back in Europe, and renamed as Alone in the Dark: One-Eyed Jack's Revenge in North America.

neg: Dementium II Dementium II is a first person, survival horror video game developed for the Nintendo DS. It is the sequel to 2007's "", also for the Nintendo DS. The game was developed by Renegade Kid and published by SouthPeak Games. It was released in 2010 and features many improvements over its predecessor "", including different weapons, a larger variety of enemies, the ability to jump and crouch, save points, more environments, an improved map system and the removal of respawning enemies. Weapons include shank, revolver, sledge hammer, shotgun, assault rifle, dynamite, flame thrower, nail gun, and relic. Items include flashlight, ammo for any of the weapons, adrenaline shots, pills, and medkits. A remastered version of the game was released for Microsoft Windows and Mac OS X on December 17, 2013.

neg: Sam Barlow (game designer) Sam Barlow is a British video game designer, best known as the writer and designer of Her Story and the two British Silent Hill games, "" and "". He previously worked as a game director at Climax Studios, before leaving in 2014 to become an indie game developer. He published his first independent game, "Her Story", in June 2015.

neg: Dark Matter (video game) Dark Matter is an indie metroidvania/survival horror video game developed by Interwave Studios and published by Iceberg Interactive for the Windows, Linux and macOS in 2013.

neg: Dead Rising 2: Off the Record Dead Rising 2: Off the Record is an open world survival horror beat 'em up video game. It is developed by Capcom Vancouver and published by Capcom. The game is a reimagining of "Dead Rising 2", with that game's protagonist, Chuck Greene, replaced by Frank West of the first "Dead Rising".

neg: The Sum of All Fears (video game) The Sum of All Fears is a tactical shooter video game developed by Red Storm Entertainment, published by Ubisoft, and released for Microsoft Windows, Game Boy Advance, PlayStation 2 (only released in Europe) and GameCube. The game is based on the "Ghost Recon" game engine.


query: Which opened first, 28 Liberty Street or World Trade Center?

pos: 28 Liberty Street 28 Liberty Street, formerly known as One Chase Manhattan Plaza, is a banking skyscraper located in the downtown Manhattan Financial District of New York City, between Pine, Liberty, Nassau, and William Streets. Construction on the building was completed in 1961. It has 60 floors, with 5 basement floors, and is 248 meters (813 ft) tall, making it the 15th tallest building in New York City, the 43rd tallest in the United States, and the 200th tallest building in the world.

pos: World Trade Center (1973–2001) The original World Trade Center was a large complex of seven buildings in Lower Manhattan, New York City, United States. It featured the landmark twin towers, which opened on April 4, 1973, and were destroyed as a result of the September 11 attacks in 2001. At the time of their completion, the "Twin Towers"—the original 1 World Trade Center, at 1368 ft ; and 2 World Trade Center, at 1,362 ft —were the tallest buildings in the world. The other buildings in the complex included the Marriott World Trade Center (3 WTC), 4 WTC, 5 WTC, 6 WTC, and 7 WTC. All these buildings were built between 1975 and 1985, with a construction cost of $400 million ($ in 2014 dollars). The complex was located in New York City's Financial District and contained 13400000 sqft of office space.

neg: Bahrain World Trade Center The Bahrain World Trade Center (also called Bahrain WTC or BWTC) is a 240 m , 50-floor, twin tower complex located in Manama, Bahrain. The towers were built in 2008 by the multi-national architectural firm Atkins. It is the first skyscraper in the world to integrate wind turbines into its design.

neg: Lincoln American Tower The Lincoln American Tower is a 22-story building located at the corner of North Main and Court streets in Memphis, Tennessee. It is also a historical landmark, one of the first steel frame skyscrapers built in Memphis. The tower underwent a six-year refurbishing project starting in 2002, and despite a fire in 2006, is now open and accepting tenants.

neg: Washington Convention Center The Washington Convention Center in Washington DC was a convention center located one block southwest at 909 H Street NW, occupying the city block bounded by New York Avenue, 9th Street, H Street, and 11th Street. Construction on the center began in 1980, and it opened on December 10, 1983. At 800000 sqft , it was the fourth largest facility in the United States at the time. However, during the 1980s and 1990s, numerous larger and more modern facilities were constructed around the country, and by 1997 the Washington Convention Center had become the 30th largest facility.

neg: Amsterdam Zuid station Amsterdam Zuid is a railway station situated in the borough of Amsterdam-Zuid in Amsterdam, Netherlands. The station opened in 1978. For a number of years it was named Amsterdam Zuid WTC, referring to the nearby World Trade Center Amsterdam. In 2006, with the area surrounding the station rapidly developing, the station was enlarged and the reference to the WTC was dropped.

neg: List of tenants in 7 World Trade Center 7 World Trade Center was building seven of the World Trade Center complex in New York City. It was completed in 1987 at a height of 185 m (610 ft).

neg: Wyndham New Yorker Hotel The Wyndham New Yorker Hotel is a historic hotel located at 481 Eighth Avenue in New York City, United States. The 43-story Art Deco hotel, opened 1930, is a 1,083-room, mid-priced hotel located in Manhattan's Garment District and Hell's Kitchen areas, near Pennsylvania Station, Madison Square Garden, Times Square, and the Empire State Building. The 1 e6sqft building offers two restaurants and approximately 33,000 sqft of conference space. Since re-opening as a hotel in 1994, it has undergone approximately $100 million in capital improvements, including lobby and room renovations and infrastructure modernization. The Unification Church purchased the building in 1975, and since 2014, it has been part of the Wyndham Hotels & Resorts chain.

neg: The Corinthian (Manhattan) The Corinthian is a 58-story apartment building that was New York City's largest apartment building when it opened in 1988.

neg: Liberty City (Miami) Liberty City is a neighborhood in Miami, Florida, United States. The area is roughly bound by NW 79th Street to the north, NW 27th Avenue to the west, Northwest 36th Street to the South, and Interstate 95 to the east. The Miami neighborhood is home to one of the largest concentrations of African Americans in South Florida, as of 2000 Census. Although often referred to as "Model City" both historically and by the City of Miami government, the neighborhood is more commonly referred to as "Liberty City" by local residents.

neg: SunTrust International Center The SunTrust International Center is a building in Downtown Miami, Florida, United States. It is located in the heart of the Central Business District, on Southeast 1st Street near 3rd Avenue. It is one block west of Biscayne Boulevard. The tower rises from a six-story parking pedestal, and consists of 31 floors. It is 125 m (375 ft) in height, which gives it a very low position on the list of tallest buildings in Miami. However, as the building opened in 1973, it appears in most photos of the Miami skyline, and is one of the more famous buildings in the city. However, due to the completion of 50 Biscayne, the tower is obstructed if seen from Biscayne Bay. The building is the Miami headquarters of SunTrust Bank and is almost entirely composed of Class A office space.

neg: Building at 116 John Street 116 John Street is a historic office tower at the southwest corner of John Street in the Financial District of Lower Manhattan. It was built in 1931, and is a 35-story brick and terra cotta building consisting of a three-story base, a 19-story shaft, and 12 upper stories that recede in a series of setbacks. The building features Art Deco style design elements at the recessed entrances and in the lobby. Built as a speculative office building for insurance companies, the building interior was rehabilitated in 2013 and some floors converted to apartments.

neg: Baltimore World Trade Center Located on the Inner Harbor of Baltimore, Maryland, the Baltimore World Trade Center is the world's tallest regular pentagonal building (the pentagonal JPMorgan Chase Tower in Houston is taller, but is not regular). It was designed by the architectural firm Pei Cobb Freed & Partners, with the principal architects being Henry N. Cobb and Pershing Wong.

neg: World Trade Center Chittagong The World Trade Center Chittagong (also called World Trade Center or WTC Chittagong), is a 90.70 m , 21-floor complex located in Agrabad Commercial Area, Chittagong, Bangladesh. The building opened in 2016.

neg: Warner Theatre (Torrington, Connecticut) The Warner Theatre is an Art-Deco style movie palace located at 68-82 Main Street in Torrington, Connecticut. It opened on August 19, 1931 as part of the Warner Bros. chain of movie theaters. Today it operates as a mixed-use performing arts center. It is individually listed on the National Register of Historic Places and also a contributing property in the Downtown Torrington Historic District.

neg: Renaissance Plaza Renaissance Plaza (formerly named World Trade Square) is a proposed residential and retail complex to be built on a 5.5 acre site in the Delaware Riverfront region of Philadelphia, Pennsylvania. The previous World Trade Square complex design was to be developed by Carl Marks Real Estate Group and called for four high-rise office buildings: Old City Harbor Tower I, Old City Harbor Tower II, Old City Harbor Tower III, and the Greater Philadelphia World Trade Center. The tallest buildings would have been the Old City Harbor Towers II and III, which were planned as twin office skyscrapers that each rise 636 feet (194 m), with 37 floors. Old City Harbor Tower I was being planned as a residential tower, rising 435 ft (132 m), with 42 floors. The Greater Philadelphia World Trade Center would have been the shortest of all four buildings, rising 324 ft (99 m), with 17 floors.

neg: Chongqing World Trade Center The Chongqing World Trade Center (WTCC, 重庆世界贸易中心) is a 283.1 metre (929 foot) tall skyscraper located in the Jiefangbei CBD area of Chongqing, China.

neg: Guy F. Tozzoli Guy Frederick Tozzoli (February 12, 1922, North Bergen, New Jersey – February 2, 2013, Myrtle Beach, South Carolina) was director of the World Trade Department of the Port of New York Authority in the 1960s. As such he was the driving force behind the development of the World Trade Center. Tozzoli was also a founder of the World Trade Centers Association, which fostered the development and operation of World Trade Centers globally. Tozzoli was the driving force from New York City, while his business associates Soichiro Honda and Paul Fabry led the WTC effort in Tokyo and New Orleans respectively. Tozzoli graduated from Fordham University and later served his country as a lieutenant in World War II and the Korean War. Tozzoli was credited for hiring Minoru Yamasaki to design the World Trade Center complex which was dedicated in April, 1973. Tozzoli retired as Director of the World Trade Department for the Port Authority in 1987, but remained as president of the World Trade Centers Association until January 2011.

neg: 109 Washington Street 109 Washington Street is a five-story tenement on the Lower West Side of Manhattan in New York City, within the area once known as Little Syria. Due to demolitions connected to the construction of the Brooklyn Battery Tunnel and the World Trade Center, it stands as the last tenement on a portion of lower Washington Street that has been estimated by Kate Reggev to have contained around 50 tenements. After September 11, 2001, its proximity to the World Trade Center site made it the subject of some media attention, including a nationally syndicated radio story about the experiences of its residents on the day of the attack. In recent years, community officials, activists, and preservationists have advocated for its designation as a landmark as part of a mini-historical district with the connected buildings of St. George's Syrian Catholic Church and the Downtown Community House.

neg: Liberty Towers (Jersey City) The Liberty Towers is an apartment complex in Jersey City, New Jersey. It consists of Liberty Towers West, and Liberty Towers East, both of which were constructed from 2001 to 2003 and have 36 floors. They are tied for the 11th tallest building in the Jersey City at 380 ft (120 m). Although they are considered two different buildings, they rise from the same podium, which is used for parking and also contains a lobby. On top of the podium is a deck with leisure facilities for the tenants. The complex has 648 units.

neg: Hotel Ground Zero Hotel Ground Zero (titled The 9/11 Hotel in the UK) is an American television documentary special that premiered on September 11, 2009 on the History channel, marking the eighth anniversary of the event. The program features the overshadowed story of the Marriott World Trade Center (3 WTC) on the day of the 2001 attacks, resulting in its destruction caused by the collapse of the adjacent South Tower followed by the North Tower, as told by people who had escaped from the hotel.

neg: MCI Center (Los Angeles) MCI Center is a 126.3 m skyscraper in downtown Los Angeles, California, United States. It was completed in November, 1973 and has 33 floors. It is 32nd tallest building in Los Angeles. The Class A building has 63,032 m2 of office space with a glass atrium and courtyard. On March 21, 2005 Jamison Properties bought the building for $150 per square foot totaling $101,770,500. This purchase included 925 West Eighth Street (originally known as the "Broadway Plaza" which became known as Macy's Plaza) and the 3,000 space parking garage. In 2013, the Ratkovich Company acquired the property, and after a redesign by Johnson Fain Architects, renamed the plaza “The Bloc.” Known for the fortress-like facade, the ground level is becoming more pedestrian friendly by removing brick walls and the glass atrium. The developer is also planning a sunken, sunlight-filled public plaza that directly connects to the 7th Street / Metro Center Station. This will be the first direct underground connection of a private development to a subway station on Metro's system.


query: Name the term used to describe military aircraft designed primarily for air-to-air combat against other aircraft, an example being the Albatros Dr.II, a German prototype single-seat triplane, fitted with twin machine guns?

pos: Albatros Dr.II The Albatros Dr.II was a German prototype single-seat fighter triplane, the sole example of which flew in the spring of 1918. It was similar in many respects to the D.X biplane, employing among other features the same 145 kW (195 hp) Benz Bz.IIIbo engine and twin 7.92 mm (.312 in) machine guns.

pos: Fighter aircraft A fighter aircraft is a military aircraft designed primarily for air-to-air combat against other aircraft, as opposed to bombers and attack aircraft, whose main mission is to attack ground targets. The hallmarks of a fighter are its speed, maneuverability, and small size relative to other combat aircraft.

neg: Gotha Go 149 The Gotha Go 149 was a military aircraft developed in Germany in the mid-1930s for training fighter pilots. It was a conventional low-wing cantilever monoplane with tailwheel undercarriage, the main units of which retracted inwards. The wing was wooden, while the monocoque fuselage was metal. Two prototypes were constructed, and an armed version was also proposed as a light home-defence fighter ("Heimatschutzjäger") armed with two 7.92 mm (.312 in) MG 17 machine guns, but the "Luftwaffe" did not purchase either version of the design, and no further examples were built.

neg: Focke-Wulf Fw 187 The Focke-Wulf Fw 187 "Falke" ("falcon") was a German aircraft developed in the late 1930s. It was conceived by Kurt Tank as a twin-engine, high-performance fighter, but the "Luftwaffe" saw no role for the design, perceiving it as intermediate between the Messerschmitt Bf 109 and Bf 110. Later prototypes were adapted to two-seats to compete with the Bf 110 in the "Zerstörer" (heavy fighter) role, but only nine aircraft were built in total.

neg: Biplane A biplane is a fixed-wing aircraft with two main wings stacked one above the other. The first powered, controlled aeroplane to fly, the Wright Flyer, used a biplane wing arrangement, as did many aircraft in the early years of aviation. While a biplane wing structure has a structural advantage over a monoplane, it produces more drag than a similar unbraced or cantilever monoplane wing. Improved structural techniques, better materials and the quest for greater speed made the biplane configuration obsolete for most purposes by the late 1930s.

neg: Albatros L.66 The Albatros L.66 was a simple, low powered, two seat sports and training parasol wing monoplane, built in Germany in the mid-1920s.

neg: MG 15 The MG 15 was a German 7.92 mm machine gun designed specifically as a hand manipulated defensive gun for combat aircraft during the early 1930s. By 1941 it was replaced by other types and found new uses with ground troops.

neg: Focke-Wulf Fw 200 Condor The Focke-Wulf Fw 200 "Condor", also known as "Kurier" to the Allies, was a German all-metal four-engined monoplane originally developed by Focke-Wulf as a long-range airliner. A Japanese request for a long-range maritime patrol aircraft led to military versions that saw service with the "Luftwaffe" as long-range reconnaissance and anti-shipping/maritime patrol bomber aircraft. The Luftwaffe also made extensive use of the Fw 200 as a transport.

neg: Albatros L 65 The Albatros L 65 was a German two-seat reconnaissance fighter biplane first flown in 1925.

neg: Military helicopter A military helicopter is a helicopter that is either specifically built or converted for use by military forces. A military helicopter's mission is a function of its design or conversion. The most common use of military helicopters is transport of troops, but transport helicopters can be modified or converted to perform other missions such as combat search and rescue (CSAR), medical evacuation (MEDEVAC), airborne command post, or even armed with weapons for attacking ground targets. Specialized military helicopters are intended to conduct specific missions. Examples of specialized military helicopters are attack helicopters, observation helicopters and anti-submarine warfare helicopters.

neg: Counter-insurgency aircraft Counter-insurgency aircraft or COIN aircraft are a specialized variety of military light attack aircraft, designed for counter-insurgency operations, armed reconnaissance, air escort of ground forces, and ground support against "low-intensity engagements"; usually irregular groups of insurgents armed with artillery and/or portable rockets.

neg: Fokker M.16 The Fokker M.16 was a full-gap single-engine, two-seat fighter developed in 1915. It had a single 149 kW (200 hp) Austro-Daimler water-cooled inline engine. It was armed with two 7.92 mm (.312 in) machine guns.

neg: Heinkel HD 43 The Heinkel Doppeldecker 43 was a prototype German fighter aircraft of the 1930s. A single-engined, single-seat biplane, the HD 43 was designed to meet a secret German "Reichswehr" requirement for a single-seat fighter. It had two-bay wooden wings with a steel-tube fuselage, and was powered by a 750 hp (600 kW) BMW VI engine. The single prototype flew in 1931.

neg: Messerschmitt Me 328 The Messerschmitt Me 328 was originally designed as a parasite aircraft to protect "Luftwaffe" bomber formations during World War II. During its protracted development, a wide variety of other roles were suggested for it. Late in the war, the design was resurrected for consideration as a "Selbstopfer" (suicide weapon) aircraft, but was judged unsuitable even for this purpose. The tiny fighter was to have been propelled by pulsejets, but the unsuitability of these engines doomed the Me 328 from the start.

neg: Tupolev Tu-2 The Tupolev Tu-2 (development names ANT-58 and 103; NATO reporting name Bat) was a twin-engine Soviet high-speed daylight and frontline (SDB and FB) bomber aircraft of World War II vintage. The Tu-2 was tailored to meet a requirement for a high-speed bomber or dive-bomber, with a large internal bombload, and speed similar to that of a single-seat fighter. Designed to challenge the German Junkers Ju 88, the Tu-2 proved comparable, and was produced in torpedo, interceptor and reconnaissance versions. The Tu-2 was one of the outstanding combat aircraft of World War II and it played a key role in the Red Army's final offensives.

neg: Nose gunner A nose gunner or front gunner is a crewman on a military aircraft who operates a machine gun or autocannon turret in the front, or "nose", of the airplane. This position could be manned by someone who was a dedicated gunner, however, it was more common for him to have a dual role, the gunnery being a secondary position (i.e. his primary task is navigator, bombardier, most commonly). This is different from fixed guns mounted in the nose and fired by the pilot or co-pilot, since those do not require a nose gunner. Manned nose guns were most common during WWI and World War II, employed by both Allied and Axis forces. Early in WWI, nose-gunners enjoyed a period of popularity on pusher-engined fighters; a gunner would be stationed in the nose, covering the arc ahead of the aircraft. Once the synchronizer was invented, allowing a fixed machine gun to fire through the propellor, the pusher-engined fighter fell into disuse, although nose guns were still commonly seen on multi-engine bomber aircraft.

neg: Albatros D.X The Albatros D.X was a German prototype single-seat fighter biplane developed in 1918 in parallel with the Albatros D.IX. It used the same slab-sided and flat-bottomed fuselage as the D.IX, which was a departure from previous Albatros designs, but was powered by a 145 kW (195 hp) Benz Bz.IIIbo water-cooled V8 engine in place of the D.IX's Mercedes D.IIIa straight-six.

neg: List of aircraft of World War II The List of aircraft of World War II includes all the aircraft used by those countries which were at war during World War II from the period between their joining the conflict and the conflict ending for them. Aircraft developed but not used operationally in the war are in the prototypes section at the end. Prototypes for aircraft that entered service under a different design number are ignored in favour of the service version. The date the aircraft entered service, or was first flown if the service date is unknown or it did not enter service follows the name, followed by the country of origin and major wartime users. Aircraft used for multiple roles are generally only listed under their primary role unless specialized versions were built for other roles. Aircraft used by neutral countries such as Spain, Switzerland and Sweden or countries which did no significant fighting such as most of those in South America (except Brazil), are not included.

neg: Aerial warfare Aerial warfare is the battlespace use of military aircraft and other flying machines in warfare. Aerial warfare includes bombers attacking enemy installations or a concentration of enemy troops or strategic targets; fighter aircraft battling for control of airspace; attack aircraft engaging in close air support against ground targets; naval aviation flying against sea and nearby land targets; gliders, helicopters and other aircraft to carry airborne forces such as paratroopers; aerial refueling tankers to extend operation time or range; and military transport aircraft to move cargo and personnel. Historically, military aircraft have included lighter-than-air balloons carrying artillery observers; lighter-than-air airships for bombing cities; various sorts of reconnaissance, surveillance and early warning aircraft carrying observers, cameras and radar equipment; torpedo bombers to attack enemy shipping; and military air-sea rescue aircraft for saving downed airmen. Modern aerial warfare includes missiles and unmanned aerial vehicles. Surface forces are likely to respond to enemy air activity with anti-aircraft warfare.

neg: Anti-aircraft warfare Anti-aircraft warfare or counter-air defence is defined by NATO as "all measures designed to nullify or reduce the effectiveness of hostile air action." They include ground-and air-based weapon systems, associated sensor systems, command and control arrangements and passive measures (e.g. barrage balloons). It may be used to protect naval, ground, and air forces in any location. However, for most countries the main effort has tended to be 'homeland defence'. NATO refers to airborne air defence as counter-air and naval air defence as anti-aircraft warfare. Missile defence is an extension of air defence as are initiatives to adapt air defence to the task of intercepting any projectile in flight.

neg: Albatros C.XII The Albatros C.XII was a German military reconnaissance aircraft which saw service during World War I. It differed markedly from previous Albatros C-type aircraft by adopting an elliptical-section fuselage similar to that of the Albatros D.V. The C.XII also featured a tailplane of reduced area, but it retained the wings of the earlier Albatros C.X.

neg: Strafing Strafing is the military practice of attacking ground targets from low-flying aircraft using aircraft-mounted automatic weapons ranging from machine guns (5mm to 20mm) to autocannons or rotary cannons (typically 20mm to 37mm). This means that, although ground attack using automatic weapons fire is very often accompanied with bombing or rocket fire, the term "strafing" does not specifically include the last two. The term "strafing" can cover either fixed guns, or aimable (flexible) guns. Fixed guns firing directly ahead tend to be more predominant on fixed wing aircraft, while helicopters tend to use aimable weapons which can be fired in many different directions independent of the direction the aircraft is pointing in (in most cases, flexible guns on a fixed wing aircraft are for defense purposes only, although they can sometimes be used to fire on ground targets to limited effect). Some fixed wing aircraft, like fighter-bombers, are capable of flying either air-combat missions or ground attack missions (P-47 Thunderbolt), while others are dedicated ground-attack types (Il-2 Shturmovik). In cases where an aircraft is capable of both types of combat, when it is assigned to a ground attack role, and thus expected to be using the guns mostly for strafing, the fixed weapons are often mounted so that the convergence point is lower and at a greater range than would be used for air combat. This is helpful because it allows the pilot to aim at a target without having to dive towards the ground as steeply, decreasing the risk of collision with the ground and increasing the amount of firing time available before having to pull up, and it also increases the range from the target, helping avoid anti-aircraft fire and potential damage from exploding targets. Because of the low altitude and relatively low airspeed required for accurate strafing, it is very risky for the pilot, who is exposed not only to the risk of flight-into-terrain and obstacles such as power lines, but also to anti-aircraft weapons, including surface-to-air missiles (both vehicle mounted and hand-held), anti-aircraft artillery and small caliber weapons fire (such as machine guns and small arms). Planes purposely designed for ground attack may include additional armour around and underneath the cockpit and other vulnerable areas such as engines to protect the pilot and key flight components, while aircraft designed mostly for air combat tend to have most of their armor placed to protect directly ahead or to the rear, where fire from other aircraft is most likely, leaving them more vulnerable to fire from directly below or to the sides, where much ground fire often comes from.


query: Which type of don is available in more countries, Gran Mastín de Borínquen or Labrador Retriever?

pos: Gran Mastín de Borínquen The Gran Mastín de Borinquen, also known as the Puerto Rican Mastiff, Mastín Borincano, Becerillo de Borinquen and Perro Barsino de Hacienda, is the only breed native to the island of Puerto Rico.

pos: Labrador Retriever The Labrador Retriever, also Labrador, is a type of retriever-gun dog. The Labrador is one of the most popular breeds of dog in the United Kingdom and the United States.

neg: Jineteada gaucha Jineteada gaucha or doma gaucha is a traditional sport in the gaucho culture of Argentina, Paraguay, Uruguay, and southern parts of Chile. The objective is for the rider to stay on an untamed horse for a specified time, 6 to 15 seconds, depending on the category.

neg: Hierran Wolfdog The Hierran Wolfdog or Perro Lobo Herreño is a breed of dog originated in the Island of El Hierro, in the Canary Islands (Spain). The islanders know it as ""lobito"" or ""perro lobo"".

neg: Barbu de Grubbe The Barbu de Grubbe, Dutch: Grubbe baardkriel , is a breed of bantam chicken from Belgium. It is a true bantam, and has no full-sized counterpart; males weigh about 700 grams and hens about 600 g. It is a tail-less variant of the Barbu d'Anvers, and is otherwise similar to it in every respect. The same colour varieties are accepted for the Barbu de Grubbe as for the Barbu d'Anvers.

neg: Retriever A retriever is a type of gun dog that retrieves game for a hunter. Generally gun dogs are divided into three major classifications: retrievers, flushing spaniels, and pointing breeds. Retrievers were bred primarily to retrieve birds or other prey and return them to the hunter without damage; retrievers are distinguished in that nonslip retrieval is their primary function. As a result, retriever breeds are bred for soft mouths and a great willingness to please, learn, and obey. A soft mouth refers to the willingness of the dog to carry game in its mouth without biting into it. "Hard mouth" is a serious fault in a hunting dog and is very difficult to correct. A hard-mouthed dog renders game unpresentable or at worst inedible.

neg: Russkiy Toy The Russian Toy (also known as the Russian Toy Terrier, and in Russia as the Russkiy Toy, Toychik,Russian: Русский той, Тойчик ) is a very small breed of dog originally bred in Russia from the English Toy Terrier which is known today as the Manchester Terrier. There are two types of coats in the breed: smooth coat and long coat. The smooth-coated variety was previously known as the Russian Toy Terrier and long-coated as the Moscow Long Haired Toy Terrier. Both were brought together under the same Russian Toy Terrier name in 1988 and the "Terrier" was dropped from the name when the breed was added in 2006 to the official list of breeds registered with the Fédération Cynologique Internationale and has been registered in the Foundation Stock Service of the American Kennel Club since 2008, allowed to compete in AKC companion events since 2010. The first official breed standard of the two varieties was written in 1966 in Russia.

neg: Grand Bleu de Gascogne The Grand Bleu de Gascogne (FCI No.22) is a breed of dog of the scenthound type, originating in France and used for hunting in packs. Today's breed is the descendant of a very old type of large hunting dog, and is an important breed in the ancestry of many other hounds.

neg: Kooikerhondje The Kooikerhondje (literal English translation "little cager dog" or "little caging dog") is a small spaniel-type breed of dog of Dutch ancestry that was originally used as a working dog, particularly in an "eendenkooi" (duck cage) to lure ducks. Kooikers were popular in the 17th and 18th century and appeared in the paintings of Rembrandt and Jan Steen. The breed is rapidly gaining popularity in the United States, Canada and Scandinavia, where it is still relatively unknown.

neg: Grand Anglo-Français Blanc et Noir The Grand Anglo-Français Blanc et Noir (FCI No.323) translated into English as the Great Anglo-French White and Black Hound, is a breed of dog used in hunting as a scenthound, usually in packs. It is one of the Anglo-French hound breeds which were created by crossing French scenthounds with English (Anglo) Foxhounds.

neg: Griffon Bruxellois The Griffon Bruxellois or Brussels Griffon is a breed of toy dog, named for their city of origin: Brussels, Belgium. The Griffon Bruxellois may refer to three different breeds, the Griffon Bruxellois, the Griffon Belge and the Petit Brabançon. Identical in standard except for coat and colour differences, in some standards they are considered varieties of the same breed, much like Belgian Shepherd Dogs.

neg: Terceira Mastiff The Terceira Mastiff (Portuguese: ] ) is a landrace Portuguese dog breed, also known as the Rabo Torto ("rabo"=tail, "torto"=curled/twisted). Neither the Fédération Cynologique Internationale nor the local Clube Português de Canicultura has officially recognized it. It is a remarkable ancestor to both the Cão Fila de São Miguel and the Fila Brasileiro . This breed is fully different from the Barbado da Terceira

neg: Juan de la Cerda, 5th Duke of Medinaceli Juan de la Cerda, 5th Duke of Medinaceli, (1544 – 29 May 1594), Grandee of Spain, (in full, Spanish: "Don Juan Luis de la Cerda y Manuel de Portugal, quinto duque de Medinaceli, cuarto marqués de Cogolludo, cuarto conde del Puerto de Santa María, Grande de España, señor de las villas de Deza y Enciso, embajador extraordinario en Portugal, caballero de la Orden del Toisón de Oro, Order of the Golden Fleece, since 1585" ), was a Spanish nobleman and Ambassador in Portugal.

neg: Cão Fila de São Miguel The Cão Fila de São Miguel (Portuguese: ] ) (frequently translated into English as the "São Miguel Cattle Dog" or "Cattle Dog of São Miguel Island", but other names, such as "Azores Cattle Dog", may be used) is a dog breed of molosser type originating on São Miguel Island in the Azores, an island chain which is one of the autonomous regions of Portugal. The breed was originally used for working with cattle.

neg: João Fernandes Lavrador João Fernandes Lavrador (] ) was a Portuguese explorer of the late 15th century. He was the first modern explorer in the coasts of the Northeast of Northern America, including the Labrador peninsula, which bears his name. The popular dog breed Labrador Retriever is named after the peninsula and thus by effect also bears his name.

neg: French Spaniel The French Spaniel (Epagneul Français) is a breed of dog of the Spaniel-like setter. It was developed in France and Canada as a hunting dog, descended from dogs of the 14th century. Popular with royalty during the Middle Ages, it nearly became extinct by the turn of the 20th century but was saved by the efforts of Father Fournier, a French priest. One of the largest breeds of Spaniel, it typically has a white coat with brown markings. It is a friendly breed that has few health issues, but can be affected by a syndrome called acral mutilation and analgesia. The breed is recognised by Canadian and international kennel clubs but not by The Kennel Club (UK). The American Kennel Club has included the breed in its Foundation Stock Service, the first step to full recognition.

neg: Griffon Nivernais The Griffon Nivernais (FCI No.17) is a breed of dog of the scenthound type, originating in France, and is a versatile hunting dog, used on small and large game, in packs or individually. Today's breed is a reconstruction of an ancient type of dog from the Nivernais region.

neg: Basset Artésien Normand The Basset Artésien Normand ("Norman Artesian Basset") is a short legged hound type dog developed in France. The word "basset" refers to short-legged hounds.

neg: Water dog Water dogs are a type of gun dog bred to flush and retrieve game from water, often serving the waterfowl hunter. Strong swimming desire is a characteristic of these dogs. Some of the oldest dog breeds are water dogs. The term was originally water spaniels (a misnomer, as not all are spaniels). With the advent of kennel clubs many "water spaniels" were accepted under the names including the designation retriever rather than spaniel.

neg: Griffon Griffon is a type of dog - a collection of breeds that were originally hunting dogs. There are three lines of the griffon type recognized by the Fédération Cynologique Internationale (FCI): the griffon vendéens, the wirehaired pointers, and the "smousje" (Belgian companion dogs or Dutch Smoushond). The griffon type is characterized by rough or wire-hair.

neg: Xarnego Valenciano The Xarnego or Xarnego Valenciano is a hound breed of dog originating in Valencian Community, Spain. This breed is known by several names, according to the different areas of the Valencian geography: Xarnego, Xarnego Valenciano, Gos coniller, Podenco Valencíano.

neg: Serbian Tricolour Hound The Serbian Tricolour Hound ("srpski trobojni gonič" or "trobojac") is a breed of dog of the hound type. Formerly called the Yugoslavian Tricolour Hound, the name was changed for clarity after the breakup of SFR Yugoslavia in 1991. The breed was first exhibited at shows in 1950. At one time it was considered a variation of the Serbian Hound, but was recognised by the Fédération Cynologique Internationale as a separate breed in 1961.