query: This Republic, established in 1581 and the focus of The Secret Treaty of Dover, contained how many provinces?

pos: Secret Treaty of Dover The Treaty of Dover, also known as the Secret Treaty of Dover, was a treaty between England and France signed at Dover on 1 June 1670. It required that Charles II of England would convert to the Roman Catholic Church and assist Louis XIV with 60 warships to help and 4000 soldiers in France's war of conquest against the Dutch Republic. In exchange, Charles would secretly receive a yearly pension of £230,000, as well as an extra sum of money when Charles informed the English people of his conversion, and France would send 6,000 French troops if there was ever a rebellion against Charles in England. The secret treaty was signed by Arlington, Arundell, Clifford and Bellings for England and Colbert de Croissy for France. Both kings exchanged letters of ratification and kept secret the existence of the treaty, A public treaty of Dover was also negotiated, but it was a fake designed for propaganda and to hide the religious dimension of the secret treaty. The Third Anglo-Dutch War was a direct consequence of this treaty. The actual treaty was published by historians a century later.

pos: Dutch Republic The Dutch Republic, also known as the Republic of the Seven United Netherlands ("Republiek der Zeven Verenigde Nederlanden "), Republic of the United Netherlands, Republic of the Seven United Provinces ("Republiek der Zeven Verenigde Provinciën "), the United Provinces ("Verenigde Provinciën "), Seven Provinces ("Zeven Provinciën "), Federated Dutch Provinces ("Foederatae Belgii Provinciae "), or the Dutch Federation ("Belgica Foederata ") was a republic in Europe existing from 1581, when part of the Netherlands separated from Spanish rule, until 1795. It preceded the Batavian Republic, the Kingdom of Holland, the United Kingdom of the Netherlands, and ultimately the modern Kingdom of the Netherlands.

neg: Composition of Connacht The Composition of Connacht, or Composition of Connaught and Thomond, was a 1585 agreement between, on the one hand, the Gaelic and Gaelicised chiefs of Connacht and Thomond and, on the other hand, the English Dublin Castle administration of the Kingdom of Ireland, which replaced the multiple existing levies with a single tax on land holdings. The Composition was a form of surrender and regrant, a part of the Tudor reconquest of Ireland. The English leaders were Sir John Perrot, as Lord Deputy of Ireland, and Sir Richard Bingham, as Governor of the Presidency of Connacht.

neg: Parthenopean Republic The Parthenopean Republic (Italian: "Repubblica Partenopea" ) was a French First Republic-supported republic in the territory of the Kingdom of Naples, formed during the French Revolutionary Wars after King Ferdinand IV fled before advancing French troops. The republic existed from 21 January 1799 to 13 June 1799, when Ferdinand's kingdom was re-established.

neg: Treaty of Hamburg (1638) The Treaty of Hamburg was signed in Hamburg in 1638 by Cardinal Richelieu of France and representatives of Queen Christina of Sweden. Based on the terms of the treaty, France paid Sweden 1,000,000 livres for its military contributions against the Habsburgs. Moreover, the accord confirmed their alliance set by the tenets of the Treaty of Wismar.

neg: Treaty of Berum The Treaty of Berum was a treaty concluded on 28 January 1600 at Berum Castle between the Count Enno III of East Frisia and the County of Rietberg, which regulated the sale of the Harlingerland to East Frisia.

neg: Estonia under Swedish rule Estonia under Swedish rule signifies the time between 1558 and 1710, when parts of present-day Estonia (and after 1645 all of the present-day country) were under Swedish rule. In the wake of the breakup of the State of the Teutonic Order, the Baltic German local aristocracy in the areas of Harrien (Harjumaa) and Wierland (Virumaa), as well as the city of Reval (Tallinn) in June 1561 (and somewhat later Jerwen (Järvamaa)) asked for and were granted protection by the Swedish king Eric XIV, leading to Swedish involvement in the Livonian War. At the conclusion of hostilities in 1583, Sweden was in control of the northern parts of modern Estonia and Hiiumaa island; this territory was created the Duchy of Estonia. Following renewed wars between Poland and Sweden, the southern parts of present-day Estonia (then Livonia) were incorporated into Sweden by the Treaty of Altmark in 1629. In 1645, Sweden also conquered the island of Ösel (Saaremaa) from Denmark, and were thus in control of all of present-day Estonia.

neg: Province of Canterbury The Province of Canterbury, or less formally the Southern Province, is one of two ecclesiastical provinces which constitute the Church of England. The other is the Province of York (which consists of 12 dioceses). It consists of 30 dioceses, covering roughly two-thirds of England, parts of Wales, and the Channel Islands, with the remainder comprising continental Europe (under the jurisdiction of the Diocese of Gibraltar in Europe).

neg: Spanish Armada in Ireland The Spanish Armada in Ireland refers to the landfall made upon the coast of Ireland in September 1588 of a large portion of the 130-strong fleet sent by Philip II to invade England.

neg: List of viceroys of Portugal This is a list of the Viceroys of Portugal during the Iberian Union (1580–1640). According to what was established in the Cortes of Tomar in 1581, the regency of the Kingdom of Portugal always had to be trusted by the king to a Portuguese, or in alternative to a member of the Royal Family. This was, in a general way, fulfilled, having during two periods the regency been trusted to a governmental council called Government Junta of the Kingdom of Portugal.

neg: European empire In the year 1588, the Spanish Armada was defeated by the English.

neg: Real Audiencia of Lima The Real Audiencia and Chancery of Lima (Spanish: "Audiencia y Chancellería real de Lima" ) was a superior court in the New World empire of Spain, located in the city of Lima, capital of the Viceroyalty of Peru. It was created on November 20, 1542 as was the viceroyalty itself, by the Emperor Charles V. The Audiencia began functioning in 1543 and initially had jurisdiction over the entire viceroyalty—virtually all of Spanish-controlled South America and Panama. Later other "audiencias" were established in the Viceroyalty. The Audiencia functioned until 1821 when the forces of José de San Martín entered Lima.

neg: Treaty of Hampton Court (1562) The Treaty of Hampton Court (also known as the Treaty of Richmond) was signed on 22 September 1562 between Queen Elizabeth and Huguenot leader Louis I de Bourbon, prince de Condé. The treaty was concluded by François de Beauvais, Seigneur de Briquemault. Based on the terms of the accord, 3000 English troops were summoned to occupy Le Havre and Dieppe. Moreover, Queen Elizabeth promised to provide economic aid to the Huguenots. Once peace was restored in France, Elizabeth refused to withdraw her troops, stating that she had taken Le Havre not for religious reasons but to indemnify her for the loss of Calais, which was rightfully hers. The regent of France, Catherine de' Medici sent both Catholic and Huguenot troops against Le Havre, which surrendered on 28 July 1563. Feeling betrayed by the Huguenots, Elizabeth never trusted them again.

neg: Battle of the Narrow Seas The Battle of the Narrow Seas, also known as the Battle of the Goodwin Sands or Battle of the Dover Straits was a naval engagement that took place on the 3–4 October 1602 during the Anglo-Spanish War of 1585 and part of the Dutch Revolt. An English fleet under Sir Robert Mansell intercepted and attacked six Spanish galleys under the command of Federico Spinola; in the Dover Straits and was fought all the way off from the coast of England and finally off the Spanish Netherlands. The English were soon joined by a Dutch fleet under Jan Adriaanszoon Cant and they completed the destruction.

neg: Crown Colony of Malta The Crown Colony of the Island of Malta and its Dependencies (commonly known as the Crown Colony of Malta) was part of the British Empire in the present-day Republic of Malta. It was established when the Malta Protectorate was transformed into a British Crown colony in 1813, and this was confirmed by the Treaty of Paris in 1814.

neg: Province of Limburg (1815–39) Limburg was one of the provinces of the United Kingdom of the Netherlands and later Belgium. The province existed for the duration of the United Kingdom, from 1815 to 1830, and for the first years after the Belgian independence, from 1830 to 1839. When King William I signed the Treaty of London in 1839, the province was split into a Belgian, and a Dutch part, the "new" Duchy of Limburg.

neg: Politics and government of the Dutch Republic The Dutch Republic was a confederation of seven provinces, which had their own governments and were very independent, and a number of so-called Generality Lands. These latter were governed directly by the States-General ("Staten-Generaal" in Dutch), the federal government. The States-General were seated in The Hague and consisted of representatives of each of the seven provinces.

neg: Treaty of Utrecht The Treaty of Utrecht, which established the Peace of Utrecht, is a series of individual peace treaties, rather than a single document, signed by the belligerents in the War of the Spanish Succession, in the Dutch city of Utrecht in March and April 1713. The treaties between several European states, including Spain, Great Britain, France, Portugal, Savoy and the Dutch Republic, helped end the war.

neg: Imperial Government The name imperial government (German: "Reichsregiment" ) denotes two organs, created in 1500 and 1521 respectively, in the Holy Roman Empire of the German Nation to enable a unified political leadership, with input from the Princes. Both were composed of the emperor or his deputy and 20 — later 22 — representatives of the Imperial States and in both cases, the imperial city of Nuremberg was the seat of government. The creation of a functional imperial government was the central plank of the Imperial Reform the princes attempted in the early 16th Century. Both attempts failed after a short time, due to the resistance of the Emperor and the divergent interests of princes.

neg: History of Prince Edward Island Prince Edward Island is a Canadian province consisting of an island of the same name. The island is part of Mi'kma'ki, the lands of the Mi'kmaq people. Explored by Europeans in the 16th Century, the French claimed all of the lands of the Maritimes in 1604 and French settlers arrived in 1720. By conquest, the British claimed all of the lands including Prince Edward Island in 1763. It became the British colony of St. John Island in 1769 and joined the Canadian Confederation on July 1, 1873.

neg: Huguenot rebellions The Huguenot rebellions, sometimes called the Rohan Wars after the Huguenot leader Henri de Rohan, were an event of the 1620s in which French Protestants (Huguenots), mainly located in southwestern France, revolted against royal authority. The uprising occurred a decade following the death of Henry IV, who, himself originally a Huguenot before converting to Catholicism, had protected Protestants through the Edict of Nantes. His successor Louis XIII, under the regency of his Italian Catholic mother Marie de' Medici, became more intolerant of Protestantism. The Huguenots tried to respond by defending themselves, establishing independent political and military structures, establishing diplomatic contacts with foreign powers, and openly revolting against central power. The Huguenot rebellions came after two decades of internal peace under Henry IV, following the intermittent French Wars of Religion of 1562–98.

neg: Venice Company The Venice Company was an English chartered trading company established in 1583 to monopolise on trade in and around the Venetian colonies in the Mediterranean Sea.


query: Jo In-sung stars in the 2017 political crime thriller released in what country?

pos: Jo In-sung Jo In-sung (; born July 28, 1981) is a South Korean actor. He is 189 cm tall. He is best known for his leading roles in the television series "What Happened in Bali" (2004), "That Winter, the Wind Blows" (2013), and "It's Okay, That's Love" (2014), as well as the films "The Classic" (2003), "A Dirty Carnival" (2006), "A Frozen Flower" (2008) and "The King" (2017).

pos: The King (2017 film) The King (Hangul: 더 킹 ; RR: "Deo king " ) is a 2017 South Korean political crime thriller film starring Jo In-sung and Jung Woo-sung.

neg: Midnight FM Midnight FM () is a 2010 South Korean thriller film by Kim Sang-man starring Soo Ae and Yoo Ji-tae.

neg: In Another Country (film) In Another Country () is a 2012 South Korean comedy-drama film written and directed by Hong Sang-soo. Set in a seaside town, the film consists of three parts that tell the story of three different women, all named Anne and all played by French actress Isabelle Huppert. The film competed for the Palme d'Or at the 2012 Cannes Film Festival.

neg: Boarding Gate Boarding Gate is a 2007 French thriller film about the sophisticated power plays between a debt-ridden underworld entrepreneur, his provocative and ambitious ex-associate and a manipulative young couple who employ her. Written and directed by Olivier Assayas, the film features an international cast comprising Asia Argento, Michael Madsen, Carl Ng and Kelly Lin. Kim Gordon, of the band "Sonic Youth", also plays a supporting role as an enigmatic businesswoman forced to intervene as events unfold in Hong Kong.

neg: Voice of a Murderer Voice of a Murderer (; lit. "His Voice") is a 2007 South Korean crime thriller-drama film written and directed by Park Jin-pyo, starring Sol Kyung-gu and Kim Nam-joo. It was the third top-grossing domestic film of 2007, with 3,143,247 tickets sold. The story is a fictionalized account of a real-life kidnapping case in 1991.

neg: Yaakkai Yaakkai (English: "Body" ) is a 2017 Indian Tamil romantic crime thriller film directed by Kuzhandhai Velappan, starring Krishna and Swathi Reddy in the leading roles. Featuring music composed by Yuvan Shankar Raja, the film was released on 3 March 2017.

neg: The Mayor (2017 film) The Mayor (, lit. "Special Citizen") is a 2017 South Korean political drama film written and directed by Park In-je. It stars Choi Min-sik, Kwak Do-won, Shim Eun-kyung, Moon So-ri, Ra Mi-ran, Ryu Hye-young and Ki Hong Lee. The film was released in South Korea on April 26, 2017 and in the US and Canada on April 28.

neg: Code Kunst Jo Sung-woo (Hangul: 조성우; born December 18, 1989), better known by his stage name Code Kunst (Hangul: 코드 쿤스트), is a South Korean rapper and producer. He joined HIGHGRND in September 2015, and released his third studio album "Muggle's Mansion" on February 28, 2017.

neg: Wind River (film) Wind River is a 2017 American neo-western murder mystery thriller film written and directed by Taylor Sheridan. The film stars Jeremy Renner and Elizabeth Olsen as a U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service tracker and an FBI agent, respectively, who try to solve a murder on the Wind River Indian Reservation in Wyoming. Gil Birmingham and Graham Greene also star. According to Sheridan, the opening "inspired by true events" card was a reference to the "thousands of actual stories just like it" involving sexual assault of women on reservations, his primary motivation for writing the film.

neg: The Vanished Murderer The Vanished Murderer () is a 2015 period suspense crime action thriller film directed by Law Chi-leung. A China-Hong Kong co-production, the film was released in China on November 27, 2015.

neg: Sin of a Family Sin of a Family () is 2011 South Korean crime film, produced by Shin Hyun-joon, about a detective who investigates the circumstances of a young autistic boy's death.

neg: North Korean Slaves North Korean Slaves is a 2016 Singaporean-British documentary television film. Produced by MAKE Productions for Singapore's Channel NewsAsia and United Kingdom's Channel 4, it investigates the North Korean men who are used like slaves in a coal mine in the jungle of Sarawak, Malaysia, earning money to keep the Supreme Leader Kim Jong-un and the people around him in power. Aired on Channel NewsAsia's "Undercover Asia 3" documentary series on March 2016, it received a nomination for Best Current Affairs Programme at the 21st Asian Television Awards in 2016.

neg: Andante (TV series) Andante (Hangul: 안단테 ; RR: "Andante " ) is a South Korean television series starring Kai, Baek Chul-min, Lee Ye-hyun and Kim Jin-kyung. It airs on KBS1 every Sunday at 10:10 (KST). The show premiered on September 24, 2017.

neg: Paradox (2017 film) Paradox is a 2017 Hong Kong-Chinese action film directed by Wilson Yip, with action direction by Sammo Hung, written by Jill Leung and Nick Cheuk, and stars Louis Koo as a police negotiator who travels to Bangkok to search for his teenage daughter and is aided by local detectives played by Tony Jaa and Wu Yue. Along the way, he encounters the mastermind of an organ trafficking gang (Chris Collins) who colludes with a local politician (Gordon Lam), leading to a series of hot pursuit. "Paradox" is the third installment of the "SPL" film series, following the 2005 film, "" and 2015's "". The film was released in China on 17 August 2017 and in Hong Kong on 25 August 2017.

neg: Mon Mon Mon Monsters Mon Mon Mon Monsters is a 2017 Taiwanese horror-comedy film written, directed and co-produced by Giddens Ko. It premiered as the closing film for the 41st Hong Kong International Film Festival in April 2017, and was released in theaters on July 28, 2017.

neg: Tabloid Truth Tabloid Truth (; lit. "Leaflet: Dangerous Rumors") is a 2014 South Korean thriller film directed by Kim Kwang-sik, and starring Kim Kang-woo, Jung Jin-young, Ko Chang-seok and Park Sung-woong.

neg: Jo Min-su Jo Min-su (; born January 29, 1965) is a South Korean actress. She is best known for her award-winning turn in the Kim Ki-duk film "Pietà".

neg: Our Diary Our Diary is a 2017 South Korean action drama film directed by Lim Gong-sam.

neg: The Age of Shadows The Age of Shadows (; lit. "Emissary") is a 2016 South Korean period action thriller film directed by Kim Jee-woon and written by Lee Ji-min and Park Jong-dae. The film stars Song Kang-ho and Gong Yoo. It was selected as the South Korean entry for the Best Foreign Language Film at the 89th Academy Awards but it was not nominated.

neg: The Shameless The Shameless (; lit. "A Bastard" or "A Rouge") is a 2015 South Korean film starring Kim Nam-gil and Jeon Do-yeon. It is written and directed by Oh Seung-uk, who described it as a "hardboiled romantic noir thriller.

neg: Sarkar 3 Sarkar 3 is a 2017 Indian political crime thriller film, directed by Ram Gopal Verma. This is the third installment of the "Sarkar franchise" which stars Amitabh Bachchan again in the titular lead role along with Ronit Roy, Jackie Shroff, Manoj Bajpayee, Amit Sadh and Yami Gautam. The movie was released worldwide on 12 May, 2017, to positive reviews from critics.


query: A Head Full of Ghosts is a horror novel by Paul Tremblay, themes include elements of which term used for the use of exorcism in the Roman Catholic faith for those who are believed to be the victims of demonic possession?

pos: A Head Full of Ghosts A Head Full of Ghosts is a horror novel by Paul Tremblay. The plot involves an American family under strain when their fourteen-year-old daughter, Marjorie Barrett, exhibits signs of mental illness. The story is told from the point of view of Marjorie's eight-year-old sister, Merry. Themes include elements of Catholic exorcism and reality television exploitation.

pos: Exorcism in the Catholic Church Exorcism in the Catholic Church is the use of exorcism in the Roman Catholic faith for those who are believed to be the victims of demonic possession. In Roman Catholicism, exorcism is sacramental but not a sacrament, unlike baptism or confession. Unlike a sacrament, exorcism's "integrity and efficacy do not depend ... on the rigid use of an unchanging formula or on the ordered sequence of prescribed actions. Its efficacy depends on two elements: authorization from valid and licit Church authorities, and the faith of the exorcist." The Catechism of the Catholic Church states: "When the Church asks publicly and authoritatively in the name of Jesus Christ that a person or object be protected against the power of the Evil One and withdrawn from his dominion, it is called exorcism."

neg: Rule of Faith The rule of faith (Latin: regula fidei ) or analogy of faith (analogia fidei) is a phrase rooted in the Apostle Paul's admonition to the Christians in Rome in the Epistle to the Romans , which says, "We have different gifts, according to the grace given us. If a man's gift is prophesying, let him use it in proportion to his faith." (NIV, 1984) The last phrase, "in proportion to his faith" is in Greek κατὰ ἀναλογίαν τῆς πίστεως ("analogy of faith"). In Romans 12:6 this refers to one of three possible ideas: the body of Christian teachings, the person's belief and response to the grace of God, or to the type of faith that can move mountains. This phrase in Romans 12 becomes the root for later usage of the term by such Early Christian writers as Tertullian. Tertullian links it to the core set of Christian teachings, i.e.:

neg: Paschal mystery Paschal Mystery is one of the central concepts of Catholic faith relating to the history of salvation. Its main subject is the passion, death, and Resurrection of Jesus Christ – the work God the Father sent his Son to accomplish on earth. According to the Compendium of the Catechism of the Catholic Church, "The Paschal Mystery of Jesus, which comprises his passion, death, resurrection, and glorification, stands at the center of the Christian faith because God's saving plan was accomplished once for all by the redemptive death of His Son Jesus Christ." The Catechism states that in the liturgy of the Church which revolves around the seven sacraments, "it is principally his own Paschal mystery that Christ signifies and makes present."

neg: Horror and terror The distinction between horror and terror is a standard literary and psychological concept applied especially to Gothic literature and film. Terror is usually described as the feeling of dread and anticipation that "precedes" the horrifying experience. By contrast, horror is the feeling of revulsion that usually occurs "after" something frightening is seen, heard, or otherwise experienced. It is the feeling one gets after coming to an awful realization or experiencing a deeply unpleasant occurrence. In other words, horror is more related to being shocked or scared (being horrified), while terror is more related to being anxious or fearful. Horror has also been defined as a combination of terror and revulsion.

neg: Marian apparition A Marian apparition is a reported supernatural appearance by the Blessed Virgin Mary. The figure is often named after the town where it is reported, or on the sobriquet given to Mary on the occasion of the apparition.

neg: Goetia Goetia or Goëtia (Medieval Latin; anglicised as goety ) is a practice that includes the conjuration of demons, specifically the ones summoned by the Biblical figure, King Solomon. The use of the term in English largely derives from the 17th-century grimoire "The Lesser Key of Solomon", which features an "Ars Goetia" as its first section. It contains descriptions of the evocation, or "calling out", of seventy-two demons, famously edited by Aleister Crowley in 1904 as "The Book of the Goetia of Solomon the King".

neg: Catholic funeral A Catholic funeral is carried out in accordance with the prescribed rites of the Catholic Church. Such funerals are referred to in Catholic canon law as "ecclesiastical funerals" and are dealt with in canons 1176–1185 of the Code of Canon Law and canons 874–879 of the Code of Canons of the Eastern Churches. In Catholic funerals, the Church seeks firstly to offer the Mass for the benefit of the soul of the deceased so that the temporal effects of sin in Purgatory may be extinguished, and secondly to provide condolence and comfort for the deceased's family and exhort the latter to pray, along with the Church, for the soul of the departed.

neg: Sins of the Father (Buffy novel) Sins of the Father is an original novel based on the U.S. television series "Buffy the Vampire Slayer". It's tagline was "The past revisits both the slayer and the watcher".

neg: Catholic guilt Catholic guilt is an expression used to identify the reported excess guilt felt by Catholics and lapsed Catholics.

neg: Exorcism of Roland Doe In the late 1940s, in the United States, priests of the Roman Catholic Church performed a series of exorcisms on an anonymous boy, documented under the pseudonym "Roland Doe" or "Robbie Mannheim". The 14-year-old boy (born circa 1935), was the alleged victim of demonic possession, and the events were recorded by the attending priest, Raymond Bishop. Subsequent supernatural claims surrounding the events were used as elements along with the Loudun possessions in the 1971 novel "The Exorcist" by William Peter Blatty and the 1973 film adaptation.

neg: Demonicus Demonicus is a 2001 horror film from Full Moon Entertainment. The film was directed by Jay Woelfel from a script by Tim Sullivan & Jay Woelfel and starred Gregory Lee Kenyon, Venesa Talor, Brannon Gould, Kyle Tracy, Jennifer Capo, Allen Nabors, Candace Kroslak, Dominic Joseph and Val Perez.

neg: Exorcism in Christianity Exorcism in Christianity is the practice of casting out demons from a person they are believed to have possessed. The person performing the exorcism, known as an exorcist, is often a member of the Christian Church, or an individual thought to be graced with special powers or skills. The exorcist may use prayers and religious material, such as set formulas, gestures, symbols, icons, amulets, etc. The exorcist often invokes God, Jesus and/or several different angels and archangels to intervene with the exorcism. A survey of Christian exorcists found that most exorcists believe that any mature Christian can perform an exorcism, not just members of clergy. Christian exorcists most commonly believe the authority given to them by the Father, Son, and Holy Spirit (the Trinity) is the source of their ability to cast out demons.

neg: Japanese horror Japanese horror is Japanese horror fiction in popular culture, noted for its unique thematic and conventional treatment of the horror genre in light of western treatments. Japanese horror tends to focus on psychological horror and tension building (suspense), particularly involving ghosts and poltergeists, while many contain themes of folk religion such as: possession, exorcism, shamanism, precognition, and yōkai.

neg: Tartaruchi Tartaruchi (singular: "tartaruchus", meaning "holder of Tartarus") are the keepers of Tartarus (hell), according to the 4th century, non-canonical "Apocalypse of Paul". The author describes them as using one hand to choke damned souls, and the other using an "iron of three hooks". Temeluchus is the only tartaruchus named in the work.

neg: Demonology Demonology is the study of demons or beliefs about demons, especially the methods used to summon and control them. The original sense of "demon", from the time of Homer onward, was a benevolent being, but in English the name now holds connotations of malevolence. (In order to keep the distinction, when referring to the word in its original Greek meaning English may use the spelling "Daemon" or "Daimon".)

neg: Ghost hunting Ghost hunting is a pseudoscience wherein its adherents visit and investigate locations that are reported to be haunted by ghosts. Typically, a ghost hunting team will attempt to collect "evidence" that they see as supportive of paranormal activity. Ghost hunters often use a variety of electronic devices: the EMF meter; digital thermometer; handheld and static digital video cameras, such as thermographic (or infrared) and night vision; digital audio recorder; and computer. Traditional techniques such as conducting interviews and researching the history of a site are also employed. Some ghost hunters refer to themselves as a "paranormal investigator".

neg: Capuchin Crypt The Capuchin Crypt is a small space comprising several tiny chapels located beneath the church of Santa Maria della Concezione dei Cappuccini on the Via Veneto near Piazza Barberini in Rome, Italy. It contains the skeletal remains of 3,700 bodies believed to be Capuchin friars buried by their order. The Catholic order insists that the display is not meant to be macabre, but a silent reminder of the swift passage of life on Earth and our own mortality.

neg: Cyril O'Regan Cyril J. O'Regan (born 1952) is an Irish Catholic intellectual and the Catherine F. Huisking Professor of Theology at the University of Notre Dame. He specialises in systematic theology and historical theology, with a specific interest in continental philosophy, religious literature, mystical theology and post-modern thought. He is best known for his multi-volume gnosticism series. This series began with "Gnostic Return in Modernity" and continued in "Gnostic Apocalypse: Jacob Boehme's Haunted Narrative." Rehabilitating a project attempted in the nineteenth century by a leader of the Tübingen school of theology, Ferdinand Christian Baur, O'Regan attempts to identify a gnostic structure or "grammar" that can be traced through sources and authors as diverse as Valentinianism and William Blake. By identifying this grammar, he hoped to find a way to distinguish works of gnosticism from other types with superficial resemblances, such as writings in Neoplatonism. As a Christian theologian, he also hopes to equip theologians to avoid gnosticism, which he sees as an alternative contrary to genuine Christian faith yet, by its nature, one that is present in every era. This project is in some ways similar to that of Eric Voegelin, who in his "Science, Politics and Gnosticism" (1968) attempted to identify some core features of gnosticism that he viewed as dangerous, though the two thinkers disagree about how to define gnosticism and why it should be rejected.

neg: Human possession in science fiction Human possession in science fiction is an extension within science-fiction literature and film of the mythology of human possession found in many cultures throughout human history. Typically, possession in science fiction involves extraterrestrial parasitic organisms that can take control of a human host. During the Cold War era in the western world, this was often a metaphor for the threat of communism.

neg: Excommunication Excommunication is an institutional act of religious censure used to deprive, suspend, or limit membership in a religious community or to restrict certain rights within it, in particular receiving of the sacraments. The term is often historically used to refer specifically to Catholic excommunications from the Catholic Church, but it is also used more generally to refer to similar types of institutional religious exclusionary practices and shunning among other religious groups. For instance, many Protestant denominations have similar practices of excusing congregants from church communities, while Jehovah's Witnesses, as well as the Churches of Christ, use the term "disfellowship" to refer to their form of excommunication.

neg: Gay exorcism Gay exorcisms (or "homosexual exorcisms"), similar to demonic exorcisms, are where an exorcist evicts "homosexual demons" or other spiritual entities from a LGBT individual. These exorcisms are intended to "remove" homosexuality from an individual. Some gay rights activists report these exorcisms occurring in modern times.


query: Which band was formed first, Goldfinger or Poster Children?

pos: Goldfinger (band) Goldfinger is an American rock band from Los Angeles, California that formed in 1994. The band is widely considered to have been a contributor to the movement of third-wave ska, a mid-1990s revitalization in the popularity of ska. However, the releases of "Open Your Eyes" and "Disconnection Notice", have been more commonly placed as punk rock genre. Apart from the band's music, Goldfinger is also noted for their political activism, particularly in the area of animal rights.

pos: Poster Children Poster Children is an American indie rock band formed at the University of Illinois at Champaign-Urbana in 1987. They have issued eleven studio albums. Known for their strong DIY ethic, the band members continue to drive their own tour bus, create their own artwork and T-shirt designs, and operate their own record label. Poster Children were also pioneers in several forms of electronic technology relating to performance art, including enhanced CDs, webcasts, and blogs.

neg: The Redlands Palomino Company The Redlands Palomino Company are a UK country rock band. The band was formed in 1999 in London, and features husband and wife singers Alex and Hannah Elton-Wall.

neg: Andrew VanWyngarden Andrew Wells VanWyngarden (born February 1, 1983) is an American musician. He is the lead vocalist, guitar player and songwriter for the band MGMT, praised for (according to "Interview Magazine") "an uncanny knack for producing pop music that sounds as if it were filtered through a kaleidoscope." One of his (and MGMT cofounder Benjamin Goldwasser's) songs "Kids" (from the "Oracular Spectacular" album) received a nomination for the Grammy Award for Best Pop Performance by a Duo or Group with Vocals, while the duo was nominated in the Best New Artist category.

neg: The Mike Flowers Pops The Mike Flowers Pops (also known as MFP, The Pops or The Mike Flowers Pops Orchestra) is a British easy listening band fronted by Mike Flowers (real name: Mike Roberts) and supported by the "Sounds Superb Singers" and "Super Stereo Brass". Formed in 1993, there were up to fourteen of them on stage at any time, and they were principally known for easy listening or lounge music covers of both 'classic' and contemporary pop music.

neg: The Knife (Goldfinger album) The Knife is the seventh studio album by American ska punk band Goldfinger, released on July 21, 2017, through Rise Records. It marks the band's first album following a nine-year non-album gap, their longest ever. It is their first release featuring their new supergroup line-up consisting of guitarist/vocalist and founding member John Feldmann, lead guitarist Philip Sneed (Story of the Year), bassist Mike Herrera (MxPx, Mike Herrera's Tumbledown) and drummer Travis Barker (blink-182). There are also several notable musicians who make guest appearances on the album.

neg: Pete Jupp Pete Jupp is a British drummer/musician who played in the bands The English Rogues, Wildlife (with Steve Overland), and Samson (with Merv Goldsworthy), before forming FM in 1984 with the (parenthetically) aforementioned musicians.

neg: Powderfinger discography The discography of Powderfinger, an Australian alternative rock group, consists of seven studio albums, thirty-one singles, five extended plays, three live albums, four compilation albums, one video album and twenty-nine music videos. They have been nominated for forty-nine ARIA Music Awards, of which they have won eighteen. Shortly after the independent release of their debut self-titled EP in 1993, Powderfinger signed on to a major record label to release their second EP, "Transfusion". In 1994 they issued their debut album "Parables for Wooden Ears", which did not reach the ARIA Albums Chart. After performances at music festivals, touring and supporting international artists, Powderfinger released their second studio album, "Double Allergic" (1996), which became their charting breakthrough by peaking at No. 4. Following public recognition from the album's high-selling singles, Powderfinger went on to release "Internationalist" in 1998, which was their first number-one album; it was certified five times platinum by ARIA for shipment of 350,000 copies.

neg: Clean Cut Kid (band) Clean Cut Kid are an English indie pop band from Liverpool. Formed in 2012, the band consists of Mike Halls (lead vocals, guitar), Evelyn Halls (backing vocals, keys), Saul Godman (bass, backing vocals) and Ross Higginson (drums).

neg: The Nashville Teens The Nashville Teens are an English rock band, formed in Surrey in 1962. They are best known for their 1964 hit single "Tobacco Road", a top 10 UK hit and a top 20 hit in the United States.

neg: Goldfinger (Ash song) "Goldfinger" is a song by Ash, released from their album "1977" on 15 April 1996. The song was written by Tim Wheeler and produced by Owen Morris. It was released as a single CD, a 7" vinyl (the limited edition 7" comes with a golden glitter clear vinyl and an accompanying picture sleeve), and as a cassette.

neg: Goldfrapp discography English electronic music duo Goldfrapp have released seven studio albums, two live albums, two compilation albums, four extended plays, 25 singles, eight promotional singles, one video album and 29 music videos. The band was formed in 1999 in London, and consists of Alison Goldfrapp (vocals, synthesiser) and Will Gregory (synthesiser).

neg: The Lotus Eaters (band) The Lotus Eaters are an English new wave band formed in 1982 in Liverpool. Their debut single, "The First Picture of You", became a hit in the UK and in continental Europe, notably France, Italy, Belgium and Spain.

neg: Riff Raff (band) Riff Raff was a British progressive rock band formed by keyboardist Tommy Eyre in 1972. The band was a continuation on the back of drummers (and Harrow School of Art friends) Rod Coombes and Joe Czarnecki's (aka Joe Peter)'s project originally called 'Crikey' which started in 1969 and completed in 1970, when Coombes had to accept growing tour commitments with Juicy Lucy. These sessions comprised half of the Riff Raff album "Outside Looking In", in which Coombes wrote half the songs.

neg: John Feldmann John William Feldmann (born June 29, 1967) is an American musician and producer. He has produced and co-written songs accounting for sales of more than 34 million albums worldwide—6 million alone from 2011 to 2015—and is also the lead singer/guitarist of the band Goldfinger. He is an animal rights advocate.

neg: The Presidents (UK rock band) The Presidents rock band was formed in Sutton, Surrey, UK, in 1958 by Glyn Johns, Robin Mayhew, Colin Golding, Phil Cunliffe, Ken Headley and Pat Lavelle. This lineup changed in 1959 when Martin Johnson replaced Pat Lavelle on vocals, then again in 1962 Eddie Patterson took over from Phil Cunliffe on drums. At about this time Ken Headley left the band to further his studies at Durham University, where he tragically succumbed to liver failure, requiring Robin Mayhew to assume his role on lead guitar.

neg: Slow Children Slow Children is an American new wave pop group consisting of Pal Shazar and Andrew Chinich. They released two albums on a major label, Ensign, in 1981 and 1982, and a third self-released album in 2016.

neg: Fingerprince Fingerprince is an album by The Residents. The album was recorded between 1974–76 and released in 1977. It was intended to be a three-sided record named "Tourniquet Of Roses". Due to expense, the project was abandoned and cut down to a regular two-sided album. The third side was originally released separately in 1979 as "Babyfingers". For the CD release of "Fingerprince", all of the songs from "Babyfingers" which were originally supposed to be part of the album were included in their original running order. The 1995 Euro Ralph CD reissue of "Fingerprince" kept the original track order from the vinyl, but included the complete "Babyfingers" as a bonus 3" CD with the album.

neg: The Primary 5 The Primary 5 was a Scottish pop band from Glasgow, Scotland, formed in 2003 by former Teenage Fanclub and Soup Dragons drummer Paul Quinn. The name referred to the band being the fifth that Quinn has played in. The band's first album "North Pole" was self-released on Quinn's Bellbeat Music label. They signed with Re-Action Recordings for the second album "Go!" . Allmusic's Matt Collar described the album as "A sparkling, sun-drenched blast of melodic guitar pop" and said it was "a superb album equal to its predecessor in every way -- and perhaps even a little better."

neg: The Golden Dogs The Golden Dogs are a pop-rock band based in Toronto, Ontario, Canada. Formed in 2001, the band is known for their wild, energetic live shows and were labelled as one of the best live bands in Canada by "Chart" Magazine.

neg: Marion (band) Marion are an English indie rock band, formed in 1993 in Macclesfield, Cheshire. The band's classic lineup featured frontman Jaime Harding (born Jaime Brian Harding), guitarist Phil Cunningham, guitarist Tony Grantham, bassist Nick Gilbert and drummer Murad Mousa.

neg: Going for Gold (album) Going For Gold is a singles compilation album by the British rock band Shed Seven, released in May 1999 via Polydor Records. The album features sleevenotes written by Mark Sutherland, the former editor of "Melody Maker", who refers to the LP as the band's "Best of Album", whereas the album artwork itself carries the sub-title "The Greatest Hits".


query: Which Swiss actress and opera director was in the film Time of the Wolf?

pos: Time of the Wolf (2002 film) Time of the Wolf is a 2002 drama film about an orphan boy who goes to live with his only surviving relatives. The film stars Burt Reynolds, Marthe Keller and Devin Douglas Drewitz. It was filmed in Toronto, Ontario, Canada

pos: Marthe Keller Marthe Keller (born 28 January 1945) is a Swiss actress and opera director.

neg: Elke Aberle Elke Aberle (born 1 July 1950) is a German actress.

neg: Senta Wengraf Senta Wengraf is an Austrian film and television actress.

neg: Ewa Fröling Ewa Fröling, "Eva Marie Fröling ", (born 9 August 1952) is a Swedish actress and director who was born in Stockholm. She is internationally most recognized for her leading parts in Gunnel Lindblom's "Sally och friheten" (as Sally) and Ingmar Bergman's "Fanny and Alexander" (as Emelie).

neg: Elisabeth Schwarz Elisabeth Schwarz (born 5 July 1984) is an Austrian operatic soprano. She was born in Salzburg, Austria.

neg: Marianne Stanior Marianne Stanior (1910–1967) was a German stage and film actress.

neg: Doris Kirchner Doris Kirchner (born 3 May 1930) is an Austrian stage, film and television actress.

neg: Marie-Louise Gilles Marie-Louise Gilles (or Marie-Luise Gilles, born 1937) is a German mezzo-soprano in opera and concert, also a professor of voice and stage director of opera.

neg: Ursula Zollenkopf Ursula Zollenkopf is a German classical contralto singer. A member of the NDR Chor based in Hamburg, she appeared as a soloist in opera and concert, including premieres of contemporary music such as Stravinsky's "Threni" and Schoenberg's "Moses und Aron".

neg: Marcello Viotti Marcello Viotti (29 June 195416 February 2005) was a Swiss classical music conductor, best known for opera.

neg: David Bennent David Bennent (born 9 September 1966) is a Swiss actor.

neg: Séverine Cornamusaz Séverine Cornamusaz (born 1975, Lausanne) is a Swiss-French film director. In 2009 her first film "Cœur animal" won the Prix du cinéma suisse Best Film, and Best Actor was won by Antonio Buil.

neg: Brigitte Oelke Brigitte Oelke (born 25 May ?? in St. Gallen) is a Swiss singer, actress, and dancer.

neg: Irene Eisinger Irene Eisinger (8 December 19038 April 1994) was a German and British opera singer and film actress. Her career was closely linked to the foundation and the early years of the Glyndebourne Festival Opera.

neg: Lisa Tomaschewsky Lisa Tomaschewsky (born 22 July 1988) is a German film and television actress.

neg: Mystery of the Wolf Mystery of the Wolf (Finnish: Suden arvoitus ) is a 2006 Finnish drama directed by Raimo O Niemi.

neg: Hans Rehmann Hans Rehmann (1900–1939) was a Swiss actor. He was one of the director Paul Czinner's favourite actors.

neg: Johanna Wolf (brothel owner) Johanna Wolf (1841-floruit 1889), was an Austrian-Hungarian brothel owner, procurer and madam. She owned and operated a successful high class brothel in Vienna from 1865 onward. She has been the subject of fiction.

neg: Marta Husemann Marta Husemann (née Wolter 20 August 1913 Berlin - 30 June 1960) was a German actress and resistance fighter against the Nazi regime, among others in the Red Orchestra.

neg: Pia Mechler Pia Mechler (born 19 February 1983) is a German born actress, director and author.

neg: The Tiger of Circus Farini The Tiger of Circus Farini (German:Der Tiger des Zirkus Farini) is a 1923 German silent film directed by Uwe Jens Krafft and starring Helena Makowska, Arnold Korff and Elsie Fuller.


query: Who was born first Quentin Crisp or J. B. Priestley?

pos: Quentin Crisp Quentin Crisp (born Denis Charles Pratt; (1908--)25 1908  – (1999--)21 1999 ) was an English writer, raconteur and actor.

pos: J. B. Priestley John Boynton "J. B." Priestley, OM ( ; 13 September 1894 – 14 August 1984), was an English novelist, playwright, scriptwriter, social commentator and broadcaster.

neg: John Dalton (divine) John Dalton (1814–1874) was an English Roman Catholic priest.

neg: Nigel Priestley Michael John Nigel Priestley {'1': ", '2': ", '3': ", '4': "} (21 July 1943 – 23 December 2014) was a New Zealand earthquake engineer. He made significant contributions to the design and retrofit of concrete structures, and developed the first displacement-based method of seismic design.

neg: Terence Copley Terence Copley (19 August 1946 – 17 January 2011) was a British academic and author. Terence Copley was Professor of Educational Studies (Religious Education) at the University of Oxford, England and also Emeritus Professor of Religious Education at the University of Exeter, England.

neg: Moreton John Wheatley Colonel Moreton John Wheatley, CB, RE (2 March 1837 – 13 May 1916), was a British Army officer who was Bailiff of the Royal Parks from 1879 to 1902.

neg: Tobias Crisp Tobias Crisp D.D. (1600–1643) was an English clergyman and reputed antinomian. In the end he proved a divisive figure for English Calvinists, with a serious controversy arising from the republication of his works in the 1690s.

neg: John Fleming (priest) John Irving Fleming is an Australian priest and bioethicist. He was the founding president of Campion College.

neg: Douglas Carey The Very Rev Douglas Falkland Carey DSO was an eminent Anglican priest in the first half of the 20th century. A former Army Chaplain who was ordained in 1900, he was Dean of Guernsey from 1922 until 1931.

neg: Neil Priestley Neil Priestley (born 23 June 1961) is a former English cricketer. Priestley was a left-handed batsman who fielded as a wicket-keeper. He was born in Blyborough, Lincolnshire.

neg: Joseph Leycester Lyne Joseph Leycester Lyne, known by his religious name as Father Ignatius of Jesus ((1837--)23 1837  – (1908--)16 1908 ), was an Anglican Benedictine monk.

neg: Dennis Silk Dennis Raoul Whitehall Silk CBE (born 8 October 1931) is a former schoolmaster and international cricketer. He was also a close friend of the poet Siegfried Sassoon, about whom he has spoken and written extensively.

neg: John Fuller Russell John Fuller Russell (1814–1884), was a priest in the Church of England, a writer, mostly on theological subjects, especially religious ritual, and a notable art collector. He was a member of the committee of the Ecclesiological Society and had close connections to the High Church Oxford Movement.

neg: Malcolm Colmer Malcolm John Colmer (born 15 February 1945) is an Anglican priest.

neg: Finlay Crisp Leslie Finlay "Fin" Crisp (19 January 191721 December 1984) was an Australian academic and political scientist.

neg: Oliver Chase Quick Oliver Chase Quick (21 June 1885, Sedberg, now Cumbria – 21 January 1944, Longborough, Gloucester) was an English theologian and Anglican priest.

neg: Duncan Green (priest) Duncan Jamie Green (born 30 April 1952) is a British Anglican priest. Since 2013, he has been Archdeacon of Northolt in the Diocese of London. Previously, from 2007 to 2013, he was the Church of England's Olympic and Paralympic Co-ordinator.

neg: Kenneth Knowles Kenneth Davenport Knowles (9 March 1874 – 9 December 1944) was a priest of the Church of England. He was the Archdeacon of Huntingdon from 1921 to 1943.

neg: John Foster (priest) The Very Rev John William Foster BEM was an eminent Anglican priest in the second half of the twentieth century.

neg: Peter Booth (priest) David Herbert "Peter" Booth MBE (26 January 1907 – 24 March 1993) was the Archdeacon of Lewes from 1959 to 1971 and Headmaster of Shoreham Grammar School from 1972 to 1977.

neg: John Needham John Turberville Needham FRS (10 September 1713 – 30 December 1781) was an English biologist and Roman Catholic priest.

neg: Henry Bowlby (priest) The Rev. Canon Henry Thomas Bowlby, M.A., (1864–1940), was headmaster of the English public school Lancing College, 1909-25.


query: The company led by John Coates is based out of what country?

pos: John Coates (businessman) John Fitzgerald Coates (born January 1970), is an English businessman and joint chief executive (CEO) of online gambling company Bet365. He has been listed in the "Forbes" magazine’s 29th annual rich list, with an estimated personal fortune of $1.3 billion (roughly £850 million).

pos: Bet365 Bet365 Group Ltd (styled as "bet365") is a gambling company based in the United Kingdom. Bet365 is one of the world's leading online gambling groups with over 19 million customers in almost two hundred countries. The Group employs over 3,000 people and is the largest private employer in the city of Stoke-on-Trent.

neg: JENSEN-GROUP JENSEN-GROUP is an international company that manufactures machines for the heavy-duty laundry industry, based in Belgium, but originating in Denmark, on the island Bornholm.

neg: London Tradition London Tradition Ltd is a clothing designer and manufacturer, specialising in traditional British duffle coats, pea coats and trench coats. The company was founded in January 2001 by Mamun Chowdhury and Rob Huson, is based in London, England, and has around 100 employees.

neg: Pilkington Pilkington Group Limited is a multinational glass manufacturing company headquartered in St Helens, United Kingdom and a wholly owned subsidiary of the Japan-based NSG Group. Prior to its acquisition by NSG in 2006 it was an independent company listed on the London Stock Exchange and for a time was a constituent of the FTSE 100 Index.

neg: Capita Capita plc (), commonly known as Capita, is an international business process outsourcing and professional services company headquartered in London.

neg: Offshore Group Newcastle Offshore Group Newcastle or OGN Group are a British company that fabricate steel in North East England, often for oil platforms. It is Tyneside's largest manufacturing yard.

neg: List of companies based in Leeds Leeds is home to the UK headquarters of:

neg: Denholm Group Denholm Group is a British maritime company based in Glasgow, United Kingdom. It was founded by John Denholm of Greenock in 1866 and today has an annual turnover of over £250 million. It employs over 3,000 people around the world.

neg: Gibson Technology Gibson Technology is an automotive and motorsport company founded by Bill Gibson as Zytek in 1981 and based in Fradley and Repton, United Kingdom. Zytek Group had two main divisions: Zytek Automotive, which is based at Fradley, Staffordshire; and Zytek Engineering, which is based at Repton, Derbyshire.

neg: James Coates James E. Coates is a Baptist minister and former Democratic politician in Washington, D.C.

neg: Jago (car) Jago is a British company which used to produce a range of kit cars principally Jeep styled between 1965 and 1997. The company is still based in Chichester, West Sussex and now manufactures for a number of industries including, concealment work for councils and telecommunications, theming and the arts.

neg: BAE Systems Maritime – Submarines BAE Systems Maritime – Submarines, known as BAE Systems Submarine Solutions until January 2012, is a wholly owned subsidiary of BAE Systems, based in Barrow-in-Furness, Cumbria, England, and is responsible for the development and production of submarines.

neg: Dow Corning Dow Corning is an American multinational corporation headquartered in Midland, Michigan, United States. Originally established as a joint venture between the Dow Chemical Company and Corning Incorporated, it is now owned by DowDuPont and specializes in silicone and silicon-based technology, and is the largest silicone product producer in the world.

neg: C. & J. Clark C. & J. Clark International Ltd, trading as Clarks, is a British-based, international shoe manufacturer and retailer. It was founded in 1825 by brothers Cyrus and James Clark in Street, Somerset, England – where it still has its headquarters. The company has over 1,000 branded stores and franchises around the world and also sells through third-party distribution.

neg: Henry Milward & Sons Henry Milward & Sons (now known as ENTACO) is an English manufacturer of sewing needles based in Redditch.

neg: ESCO Corporation ESCO Corporation is a manufacturer of engineered metal wearparts and components for industrial applications – including mining and construction. Since 1913, the privately held company has been headquartered in Portland, Oregon, USA, and has manufacturing sites throughout the world. The company designs and manufactures a host of products including ground engaging tools (GET) for mining, construction products, conveying, rigging, dredging and other industrial applications. The company also owns two companies that design and manufacture specialty drilling tools for the oil and gas industry.

neg: Plessey The Plessey Company plc was a British-based international electronics, defence and telecommunications company. It originated in 1917, growing and diversifying into electronics. It expanded after the Second World War by acquisition of companies and formed overseas companies.

neg: John Coates (producer) John Coates (7 November 1927 – 16 September 2012) was a British film producer, best known for producing the animated film "The Snowman" based on the picture book by Raymond Briggs, one of the first animated productions screened on Channel Four and still repeated every year on the channel.

neg: Wood Group Wood Group (officially John Wood Group PLC) is a multinational energy services company with headquarters in Aberdeen, Scotland. It is listed on the London Stock Exchange and is a constituent of the FTSE 250 Index.

neg: BES Utilities BES Utilities is a UK-based, independently owned group of companies, comprising Business Energy Solutions Ltd, BES Commercial Electricity Ltd and BES Telecom Ltd. With offices based in Fleetwood, Lancashire, BES Utilities provides commercial electricity, gas, and business telecommunications in the United Kingdom.

neg: John Crown & Sons John Crown & Sons Ltd, was a British shipbuilding company founded in 1847 and based on the River Wear, Sunderland.


query: The high school radio station WPOB shares time with a station from another high school lovated in what county?

pos: WPOB WPOB (88.5 FM) is a high school radio station in Plainview, New York, United States. WPOB is a community radio Station funded by the Plainview-Old Bethpage Central School District and has been broadcasting since 1972. WPOB is run under the direction of Adam Weinstock. WPOB is broadcast by students at Plainview-Old Bethpage John F. Kennedy High School partaking in a three-year course in radio engineering, producing, and broadcasting. WPOB broadcasts Monday to Friday from 7:00 am to 2:30 pm and shares time with Syosset High School's WKWZ in Syosset, New York.

pos: Syosset High School Syosset High School (SHS), located in Syosset, New York, United States, in Nassau County on Long Island, is the only public high school for residents of the Syosset Central School District. As of 2012, the news magazine "Newsweek" ranked the high school 42nd best in the US. Syosset High School has been ranked #10 in New York by niche.com as of 2016.

neg: Leonia High School Leonia High School is a four-year comprehensive public high school serving students in ninth through twelfth grade from the Borough of Leonia in Bergen County, New Jersey, United States, operating as part of the Leonia Public Schools. Students from Edgewater attend the school as part of a sending/receiving relationship with the Edgewater Public Schools.

neg: Lanier County High School Lanier County High School (LCHS) is a high school in Lakeland, Georgia, United States. The school is part of the Lanier County School District, which serves Lanier County.

neg: Springport High School Springport High School is located on the western edge of Jackson County in Springport, Michigan.

neg: Lonoke High School Lonoke High School is a nationally recognized and accredited public high school located in the rural community of Lonoke, Arkansas, United States. The school provides comprehensive secondary education for approximately 550 students each year in grades 9 through 12. It is one of four public high schools in Lonoke County, Arkansas, and the only high school administered by the Lonoke School District.

neg: DeSoto County High School DeSoto County High School is a public high school located in Arcadia, Florida. It is part of the DeSoto County School District.

neg: Buffalo High School (West Virginia) Buffalo High School is a high school in Buffalo, West Virginia, United States, serving the northern part of Putnam County, including Eleanor. It is a part of Putnam County Schools.

neg: Wheatland High School (Wyoming) Wheatland High School is a school of secondary education in Platte County School District #1 in Wheatland, Wyoming.

neg: WDSO WDSO (88.3 FM, "The Rock") is a radio station located at Chesterton High School, in Chesterton, Indiana. The transmitter is located at Chesterton Middle School. WDSO is a non-profit high school station. All of the disc jockeys are high school students, ranging from freshmen to seniors. To be a part of the radio station, students must take the semester long Introduction to Radio/Video class. To become a DJ, the student must complete a series of Learn/Test tasks.

neg: Humphreys County High School Humphreys County High School (HCHS) is a public senior high school in Belzoni, Mississippi and a part of the Humphreys County School District.

neg: Point Loma High School Point Loma High School is a public high school in the San Diego Unified School District in San Diego, California, United States. It is located in the Loma Portal neighborhood of Point Loma. The school serves the neighborhoods of Point Loma and Ocean Beach. Students who live in Mission Hills may choose to attend Point Loma High School as their neighborhood school. Point Loma is accredited by the Western Association of Schools and Colleges (WASC).

neg: William Byrd High School William Byrd High School (WBHS) is a public secondary school located in Roanoke County, Virginia and is part of the Roanoke County Public Schools system. Primary schools which feed into William Byrd HS are Bonsack Elementary, Herman L. Horn Elementary, W. E. Cundiff Elementary, and Mount Pleasant Elementary. William Byrd Middle School is the only middle school that feeds into William Byrd High School. As well as its successful athletic programs, its music and theater programs, forensics team, and scholastic bowl team are award-winning.

neg: KOPO-LP KOPO-LP (88.9 FM) is a radio station licensed to Paia, Hawaii, in the United States. The station, serving the Maui area, is owned by Paia Youth Council Inc.

neg: WHBP WHBP (90.1 FM) is a radio station in Harbor Springs, Michigan. The station is owned by Interlochen Center for the Arts, and is an affiliate of the Interlochen Public Radio's "IPR News Radio" network, consisting of News/talk.

neg: WOBC-FM WOBC-FM is a student-run freeform community FM radio station at Oberlin College, located in Oberlin, Ohio. WOBC broadcasts 24 hours a day at 91.5-FM in Lorain County, Ohio. The station also runs an internet simulcast via streaming mp3.

neg: KPOW (AM) KPOW (1260 AM) is an American radio station licensed to serve the community of Powell, Wyoming. The station is owned by MGR Media LLC, and carries a local program in the morning, syndicated programming during the midday and country music in the evenings and weekends.

neg: Willamette High School Willamette High School, or "Wil-Hi", is located in the Bethel-Danebo area of West Eugene, Oregon, United States. It is one of two high schools in the Bethel School District along with Kalapuya High School.

neg: Lenape High School Lenape High School is a four-year comprehensive public high school located in Medford Township in Burlington County, New Jersey, United States. It is the oldest of the four high schools that comprise the Lenape Regional High School District, which serves students in ninth through twelfth grades from Evesham Township, Medford Lakes, Medford Township, Mount Laurel Township, Shamong Township, Southampton Township, Tabernacle Township and Woodland Township. Since opening in 1958, the school has served students from Mount Laurel Township. The school has been accredited by the Middle States Association of Colleges and Schools Commission on Secondary Schools since 1963.

neg: Glenvar High School Glenvar High School is a public high school in Roanoke County, Virginia. It is one of the five high schools for the Roanoke County public school system. Glenvar High School serves the western end of Roanoke County and is located in the community of Glenvar, which is immediately west of Salem, Virginia.

neg: Lawrence County High School (Mississippi) Lawrence County High School is a public high school located in Monticello, Mississippi (USA).

neg: Northern Bedford County Middle/High School Northern Bedford County Middle/High School (commonly NBC) is a coeducational combination public middle school and public secondary school in Loysburg, Pennsylvania, United States, serving students in grades 6–12. The school is operated by a private company under contract with the county, "Northern Bedford County School District, Inc."


query: What type of specialist school is the lead member of the seven academy schools in Lincolnshire, England?

pos: The Priory Federation of Academies Trust The Priory Federation of Academies Trust is a non-profit charitable trust and the governing body for seven academy schools in Lincolnshire, England. The schools are directly funded by the Department for Education and are independent of the local authority. The schools currently within the federation are The Priory Academy LSST- the lead academy of the federation, The Priory Witham Academy, Priory City of Lincoln Academy, The Priory Ruskin Academy , The Priory Pembroke Academy, The Priory Belvoir Academy and Ling Moor Primary Academy.

pos: The Priory Academy LSST The Priory Academy LSST is a co-educational, partially-selective academy school and teaching school situated on Cross O'Cliff Hill, Lincoln, Lincolnshire, England. It is a specialist school in science, technology and teaching. The school is the lead member of The Priory Federation of Academies.

neg: Bournville School Bournville School and sixth form centre is a secondary school with academy status, a Specialist Business and Enterprise College and Music College status, for students aged 11–19, in Bournville, Birmingham in the United Kingdom.

neg: Oasis Academy Wintringham Oasis Academy Wintringham is a secondary school (academy) on Weelsby Avenue in Grimsby, North East Lincolnshire, England. It is just off the A16 Peaks Parkway just south-west of the A46 crossroads next to the Lisle Marsden CE Primary School in Wellow and on the Grimsby-Cleethorpes boundary (the A16). The school is of a religious foundation, and lies in the ecclesiastical parish of St Augustine of Hippo.

neg: Cottingham High School Cottingham High School is a large secondary school, situated in Cottingham in the East Riding of Yorkshire, England. The school has been awarded specialist Arts College status, and has modern facilities for media arts, music, drama and dance for Performing Arts subjects. In July 2011 the school became an Academy.

neg: Ormiston Park Academy Ormiston Park Academy, formerly the Aveley School & Belhus Chase Specialist Humanities College, is now a secondary school and academy located in Aveley, Essex, England. The school was reformed as an academy in 2009 under the sponsorship of the Ormiston Academies Trust and the new building was designed by Nicholas Hare Architects and completed in Spring 2014.

neg: Sevenoaks School Sevenoaks School is a highly selective coeducational independent school in Sevenoaks, Kent. It is the second oldest non-denominational school in the United Kingdom, dating back to 1432, only behind Oswestry (1407). Over 1,000 day pupils and boarders attend, ranging in age from 11 to 18 years. There are approximately equal numbers of boys and girls. The current headteacher is Katy Ricks.

neg: North Kesteven School North Kesteven School is a co-educational academy school on "Moor Lane", off the A1434 in North Hykeham which is in North Kesteven, Lincolnshire, England.

neg: Minsthorpe Community College Minsthorpe Community College is a secondary school with academy status in South Elmsall, West Yorkshire, England. It is specifically for students aged eleven to eighteen. It is situated on "Minsthorpe Lane", in the Minsthorpe district north of the town.

neg: University Academy Liverpool University Academy Liverpool (formerly Shorefields School) is a coeducational secondary school and sixth form with academy status. It is located in the Dingle area of Liverpool, England.

neg: Joseph Swan Academy Joseph Swan Academy (formerly Joseph Swan School) is a mixed secondary school with academy status situated in south Gateshead, England which educates pupils ages 11–18. The school is named after the English physicist, chemist, Sir Joseph Wilson Swan. In 2001, the school was awarded Specialist Technology College status.

neg: Stamford Welland Academy Stamford Welland Academy (formerly Stamford Queen Eleanor School) is a coeducational secondary school with academy status, located in Stamford in the English county of Lincolnshire.

neg: The Hayfield School The Hayfield School is an academy in Auckley, Doncaster, in the county of South Yorkshire, England. As of 2010, it teaches around 1100 pupils of 11–18 years of age. It has specialist statuses in Mathematics and Computing (gained in 2004) and also in Languages (gained in 2008). It is also a training school and registered in 2010 to become an academy.

neg: Cleethorpes Academy Cleethorpes Academy is a secondary school with academy status, based in Cleethorpes, North East Lincolnshire, England. The school opened in September 2010, on the site previously occupied by the Lindsey School and Community Arts College. Cleethorpes Academy is owned and operated by Tollbar Edge, an educational trust formed in 2009 as a partnership between the Tollbar Business and Enterprise College and Edge Hill University. The decision to close the Lindsey School and open Cleethorpes Academy, came after the former was placed in special measures by Ofsted, the Government appointed schools inspectorate.

neg: Teign School Teign School is an 11–18 academy school located in Kingsteignton, a small town to the north of Newton Abbot. The original 1936 building has been expanded upon substantially and numerous additional buildings have been constructed within the grounds. The school has entry level at Year 7. The school also has a sixth form centre. In 2004 it was awarded specialist Science status by the Specialist Schools Trust.

neg: Branston Community Academy Branston Community Academy, (formerly Branston School and Community College) is a secondary school for 11- to 18-year-old students on Station Road in Branston, Lincolnshire, England.

neg: The Sutton Academy The Sutton Academy (formerly Sutton High Sports College and originally known as Sutton High School) is a secondary school in the Sutton area of St. Helens, Merseyside, England. It is a medium-sized school for about 1300 students, catering to children from ages 11 to 18.

neg: Seaford Head School Seaford Head School (formerly Seaford Head Community College), in Seaford, East Sussex, England, is a co-educational secondary school with academy status for students aged 11 to 16 years, with a sixth form centre for students aged 16 to 18.

neg: Sandwich Technology School Sandwich Technology School is a secondary school with academy status in Sandwich, Kent, England. The school is a specialist Technology College. The school also holds Applied Learning and Training School specialisms. The school was rated as 'outstanding' by OFSTED in December 2008. The school became a converter Academy in November 2010. The school is affectionately shortened by locals to 'Sandwich Tech'.

neg: Cleeve School Cleeve School is an academy school and Leadership Partner School. It was formerly a comprehensive school and is located in the village of Bishop's Cleeve, Gloucestershire, England. Acting Headteacher Alwyn Jones (now replaced with new principal, Alwyn Richards) leads the senior management team at the approximately 1,600-pupil school.

neg: Eggar's School Eggar's School is a coeducational secondary school with academy status, located in the town of Alton, Hampshire, England.

neg: Highcrest Academy Highcrest Academy, formerly known as Highcrest Community School and before that as Hatters Lane School, is situated on Hatters Lane Hill in High Wycombe, Buckinghamshire. It is currently led by the Headteacher Mr G Burke after Miss Sheena Moynihan turned the school around from being on the edge of closure. In November 2010 it was judged to be an 'outstanding' school by Ofsted. In July 2011 the school became an Academy and was renamed to reflect its new status.


query: Who was the American vocalist, guitarist, and bandmate of Tony Rombola, who is ranked in the top 50 of the top 100 Heavy Metal Vocalists by "Hit Parader"

pos: Tony Rombola Tony Rombola (born November 24, 1964) is an American musician who has been the lead guitarist and backing vocalist for the Boston-based Hard Rock band Godsmack since the mid-1990s. Tony Rombola has been cited as 'an extraodinaire' in the guitar world, by Guitar World magazine, and is cited to be the only guitarist to keep an 'original soloing style' during the nu metal period, earning him the respect of the guitar industry. Rombola is also a guitarist for the side-project band Another Animal, formed at the beginning of 2007, the band released their self-titled debut album in October 2007, and played shows, whilst frontman Sully Erna did a small solo tour.

pos: Sully Erna Salvatore Paul "Sully" Erna Jr. (born February 7, 1968) is the American vocalist and guitarist for the American hard rock band Godsmack. He is also a harmonica player, percussionist and pianist, performing these on albums and at live shows. He was ranked 47th in the Top 100 Heavy Metal Vocalists by "Hit Parader".

neg: Kill 'Em All Kill 'Em All is the debut studio album by the American heavy metal band Metallica, released on July 25, 1983, by the independent record label Megaforce Records. "Kill 'Em All" is regarded as a groundbreaking album for thrash metal because of its precise musicianship, which fuses new wave of British heavy metal riffs with hardcore punk tempos. The album's musical approach and lyrics were markedly different from rock's mainstream of the early 1980s and inspired a number of bands who followed in similar manner. The album did not enter the "Billboard" 200 until 1986, when it peaked at number 155, following Metallica's commercial success with its third studio album "Master of Puppets"; the 1988 Elektra reissue peaked at number 120. "Kill 'Em All" was critically praised at the time of its release and in retrospect, and was placed on a few publications' best album lists. It was certified 3× Platinum by the Recording Industry Association of America (RIAA) in 1999 for shipping three million copies in the United States. The album generated two singles, "Whiplash" and "Jump in the Fire".

neg: List of Metallica concert tours Metallica is an American heavy metal band, founded in 1981 by drummer Lars Ulrich and rhythm guitarist James Hetfield. Aside from Ulrich, the original lineup for some of the 1982 concerts included James Hetfield (rhythm guitar and lead vocals), Dave Mustaine (lead guitar and backing vocals) and Ron McGovney (bass guitar). Cliff Burton replaced McGovney in 1982 and played with the band until his death in 1986. After his death, bassists Jason Newsted (1986–2001), and Robert Trujillo (since 2003) were recruited in the band. While the lead guitarist role was taken by Kirk Hammett (since 1983) after Dave Mustaine got fired from the band.

neg: Juan Garcia (guitarist) Juan García ( born November 24, 1963 ) is a Cuban American heavy metal guitarist. He is perhaps best known as the guitarist for the thrash metal bands Agent Steel and Evildead and the power metal/speed metal band Abattoir. García is also the rhythm guitarist of Body Count.

neg: David Draiman David Michael Draiman (born March 13, 1973) is an American songwriter and the vocalist for the band Disturbed as well as for the band Device. Draiman is known for his distorted voice and percussive singing style. In November 2006, Draiman was voted number 42 on the "Hit Parader"’s ""Top 100 Metal Vocalists of All Time"". Draiman has written some of Disturbed's most successful singles, such as "Stupify", "Down with the Sickness", "Indestructible", and "Inside the Fire".

neg: James Murphy (guitarist) James Franklin Murphy (July 30, 1967 in Portsmouth, Virginia) is an American guitarist. He is best known for his work in metal bands, Obituary, Death and Testament. He founded Disincarnate, an early death metal band.

neg: Dan Spitz Daniel Alan Spitz (born January 28, 1963) is an American musician and watchmaker best known for his work as the lead guitarist, principal songwriter and co-producer of the American heavy metal band Anthrax from 1983 to 1995 and from 2005 to 2008. With Anthrax, Spitz was nominated for three Grammy awards and has been awarded platinum and multiple platinum RIAA certified albums for his entire Anthrax catalog of work. Dan Spitz is the first heavy metal songwriter to have his music playing on two planets. NASA chose his song alongside only 9 other artists such as Frank Sinatra and the Beatles to be played on the Lunar Rover Curiosity making him the first heavy metal artist to have a top 10 charting song on two planets. Spitz also founded the Christian music group Red Lamb alongside Dave Mustaine of Megadeth as his writing partner, the first to bring autism awareness into any genre of music or music video.

neg: Chuck Billy (vocalist) Charles "Chuck" Billy (born June 23, 1962) is an American vocalist, who is best known as the lead vocalist for the thrash metal band Testament.

neg: Russell Allen Russell Allen (born July 19, 1971) is a singer best known as the vocalist of American progressive metal band Symphony X. He has also worked with supergroups Star One, Allen-Lande, Level 10, and as one of fourteen vocalists in the progressive symphonic metal band Trans-Siberian Orchestra. Since 2011, he's also fronting heavy metal band Adrenaline Mob.

neg: Shovel Headed Kill Machine Shovel Headed Kill Machine is the seventh studio album by the American thrash metal band Exodus, released on October 4, 2005 through Nuclear Blast. This album comes after a huge change in the band's lineup. Therefore, this is the first album to feature new vocalist Rob Dukes, after the departure of Steve "Zetro" Souza during the band's South American tour in support of the band's previous album Tempo of the Damned. It is also the band's first studio album not to feature Rick Hunolt on guitars, with Lee Altus as his replacement, and the only Exodus album to feature Paul Bostaph on drums after Tom Hunting's second departure as a result of the reoccurrence of the illness that prompted him to depart in 1989. Shovel Headed Kill Machine sold over 3,000 copies in its first week of release in the U.S.

neg: Rick Hunolt Richard Edward "Rick" Hunolt (born July 1, 1963) is an American heavy metal guitarist.

neg: Joey Vera Joseph "Joey" Vera (born April 24, 1963) is an American heavy metal bassist who is known as a member of the heavy metal band Armored Saint and the progressive metal band Fates Warning. In 2004-2005 he replaced Frank Bello in Anthrax as the band's bassist, but did not record with them. He was also a member of Engine, recorded with Tribe After Tribe, and appears on the OSI album "Free". His first solo album, "A Thousand Faces", was released in 1994. His current solo project, A Chinese Firedrill, released an album titled "Circles" in 2007.

neg: Felix Pappalardi Felix A. Pappalardi Jr. (December 30, 1939 – April 17, 1983) was an American music producer, songwriter, vocalist, and bassist. He is best known to the public as the bassist and vocalist of the band Mountain, whose song "Mississippi Queen" peaked at #21 on the Billboard Hot 100 and has become a classic rock radio staple. Originating in the eclectic music scene in New York's Greenwich Village, he became closely attached to the British power trio Cream, writing, arranging, and producing for their second album "Disraeli Gears". As a producer for Atlantic Records, he worked on several projects with guitarist Leslie West; in 1969 their partnership evolved into the band Mountain. The band lasted less than five years, but their work influenced the first generation of heavy metal and hard rock music. Pappalardi continued to work as a producer, session musician, and songwriter until he was shot and killed by his wife Gail Collins in 1983.

neg: The Tony Danza Tapdance Extravaganza The Tony Danza Tapdance Extravaganza was an American mathcore band, from Murfreesboro, Tennessee. Originally from Monroe, Louisiana, the founding members were Layne Meylain, Mason Crooks, Brad Thompson, and Mike Butler. They relocated to Murfreesboro, TN to find a frontman and share their music with the world. They founded the original band and named themselves The Tony Danza Tapdance Extravaganza in 2004. The group derived their name (as a joke) from celebrity Tony Danza, upon one of his professions being tapdancing. The band released four studio albums.

neg: Frank Marino Francesco Antonio "Frank" Marino (born November 20, 1954) is an Italian Canadian guitarist, leader of Canadian hard rock band Mahogany Rush. Often compared to Jimi Hendrix, he is acknowledged as one of the best and most underrated guitarists of the 1970s.

neg: Rage Against the Machine Rage Against the Machine is an American heavy metal band from Los Angeles, California. Formed in 1991, the group consists of rapper and vocalist Zack de la Rocha, bassist and backing vocalist Tim Commerford, guitarist Tom Morello, and drummer Brad Wilk. They draw inspiration from early heavy metal instrumentation, hip hop acts such as Afrika Bambaataa, Public Enemy, and the Beastie Boys, punk rock such as the Sex Pistols and Fugazi, and Dutch crossover band Urban Dance Squad. Rage Against the Machine is well known for the members' revolutionary political views, which are expressed in many of the band's songs. As of 2010, they had sold over 16 million records worldwide.

neg: Pantera Pantera was an American heavy metal band from Arlington, Texas. The group was formed in 1981 by the Abbott brothers – drummer Vinnie Paul and guitarist Dimebag Darrell – along with lead vocalist Terry Glaze. Bassist Rex Brown joined the band the following year, replacing Tommy D. Bradford, who was the unofficial original. Having started as a glam metal band, Pantera released four albums during the 1980s. Looking for a new and heavier sound, Pantera replaced Glaze with Phil Anselmo in late 1986 and released "Power Metal" in 1988. With its fifth album, 1990's "Cowboys from Hell", Pantera introduced a groove metal sound. Pantera's sixth album, 1992's "Vulgar Display of Power", exhibited an even heavier sound. "Far Beyond Driven" (1994) debuted at number one on the "Billboard" 200.

neg: Rick Vito Richard Francis "Rick" Vito (born October 13, 1949, Darby, Pennsylvania, United States) is an American guitarist and singer. He was part of Fleetwood Mac between 1987 and 1991. Vito took over as lead guitarist after Lindsey Buckingham left Fleetwood Mac. He is best known for his blues and slide guitar style, whose influences include Elmore James, Robert Nighthawk, B.B. King, Alvino Rey, Les Paul, Mohan Bhatt, George Harrison and Keith Richards.

neg: Wayne Static Wayne Richard Wells (November 4, 1965 – November 1, 2014), known professionally as Wayne Static, was an American musician, best known as the lead vocalist, guitarist, keyboardist and music sequencer for metal band Static-X. He released his only solo studio album, "Pighammer", on October 4, 2011.

neg: Whiplash (band) Whiplash is an American thrash metal band. The band was founded in 1984 in Passaic, New Jersey by the three Tonys: Tony Portaro (vocals, guitar), Tony Scaglione (drums) and Tony Bono (bass).

neg: Donnie Steele Donald S. "Donnie" Steele (born October 6, 1971) is an American heavy metal musician. Born in Des Moines, Iowa, he is best known as one of two original guitarists in Slipknot. Steele co-founded Slipknot in 1995, performing on the band's debut demo "Mate. Feed. Kill. Repeat." He left in 1996 and was replaced by Craig "133" Jones, but later rejoined in 2011 as the touring bassist following the 2010 death of Paul Gray. Steele contributed to the band's 2014 album "", but was later replaced full-time by Alessandro Venturella.


query: The Biograph Theater is notable as the location where a bank robber who escaped from jail twice was shot by who?

pos: Biograph Theater The Biograph Theater, at 2433 North Lincoln Avenue, near Lincoln Park in Chicago, Illinois, was originally a movie theater but now presents live productions. It is notable as the location where bank robber John Dillinger was shot by FBI agents after watching a gangster movie on July 22, 1934. The theater is on the National Register of Historic Places and was designated a Chicago Landmark on March 28, 2001.

pos: John Dillinger John Herbert Dillinger ( ; June 22, 1903 – July 22, 1934) was an American gangster in the Depression-era United States. He operated with a group of men known as the Dillinger Gang or Terror Gang, which was accused of robbing 24 banks and four police stations, among other activities. Dillinger escaped from jail twice. He was also charged with, but never convicted of, the murder of an East Chicago, Indiana, police officer who shot Dillinger in his bullet-proof vest during a shootout, prompting him to return fire; despite his infamy, it was Dillinger's only homicide charge.

neg: Robert Sorrells Robert Sorrells (born June 29, 1930) is a former film and television character actor, who is serving an indeterminate life sentence for the crimes of murder and attempted murder.

neg: Louis Bennison Louis Bennison (October 17, 1884 – June 9, 1929) was an American stage and silent film actor, known for westerns. Born in Oakland, he attended the University of California, and performed in plays such as "The Unchastened Woman" and "Johnny Get Your Gun". His films include "Damaged Goods" (1914), "Pretty Mrs. Smith" (1915), "Oh, Johnny!" (1918) and "Speedy Meade" (1919). In the 1920s he developed a relationship with actress Margaret Lawrence, and on June 9, 1929, the two were found dead in Lawrence's New York apartment, the result of a murder-suicide.

neg: Frank Freshwaters Frank Freshwaters (born April 18, 1936) is an American criminal and former fugitive. Born and raised in Akron, Ohio, Freshwaters was arrested in 1957 for the death of Eugene Flynt, whom he struck and killed while speeding. He pled guilty to voluntary manslaughter and, after a brief sentence at the infamous Ohio State Reformatory, he escaped from an honor farm in 1959. In the intervening years, Freshwaters lived under an assumed name and sought work as a truck driver. He was nearly apprehended in 1975 while living in West Virginia, but then-Governor Arch Moore refused to return him to Ohio officials because of his positive reputation.

neg: Red Rocks Farrell John "Red Rocks" Farrell (c. 1857-?) was an American criminal, thief and member of the Whyos, a prominent New York street gang during the mid-to late 19th century. One of the more colorful members of the gang at the height of its power, he spent nearly half his life in correctional institutions.

neg: George Musey George Musey, also known as "one-armed George Musey", was an associate mob boss in Galveston, Texas, during the 1920s and early 1930s. He, with the "Beau Brummel of Galveston" Johnny Jack Nounes, led the Downtown Gang, one of the two gangs which controlled Galveston underworld until the early 1930s. Musey was the gang's top enforcer and would not let anyone ruin the rise of the Downtown Gang. Bootlegging was his specialty, therefore, when the law would arrive to seize the illegal hooch, Musey always escaped. However, he was convicted on conspiracy liquor charges and sent to Atlanta Penitentiary. He went on to head the gang as Nounes's absence was in effect due to his prison terms. He was the only right-hand man to gang boss Nounes and he was the best acting boss the gang ever had. He was later assassinated in 1935, eight days after his 35th birthday.

neg: Lynching of Alfred Blount On February 9, 1893, Alfred Blount, an African American and a Chattanooga native, was taken from his jail cell in the county jail and brutally beaten, stabbed, and hung from the Walnut Street Bridge in Chattanooga, Tennessee. Blount was charged with assault of a woman by the name of Mrs. M. A. Moore. Moore, 51 and widowed, claimed she was cleaning her house when a man entered through her back door requesting food. Moore, assuming it was a neighbor of hers, invited the man in and called out to her African American house boy Sam to bring the man some food. Upon realizing Sam's absence, Moore herself went into the kitchen to prepare food before reporting being grabbed by the arm and attacked by the man. After hitting the man with her left hand, Moore fainted and laid unconscious in her house before recalling the incident to her neighbor, Mrs. DeRochement.

neg: Mark DeFriest Mark DeFriest (born August 18, 1960), known as the Houdini of Florida, is an American prisoner of the United States. In 1978, he was arrested and served a year in prison. In 1980, DeFriest retrieved work tools that his recently deceased father had willed him before the will officially went through probate. This act was considered theft and his stepmother called the police, which led to his arrest. DeFriest was sentenced to four years in prison because he was in possession of firearms which violated his probation. The original four-year sentence has since developed into 34 years for 13 escape attempts—seven of them successful—and hundreds of disciplinary reports for minor infractions. He also picked up an armed robbery charge when he used a gun to steal a car during one escape attempt.

neg: Carl Gugasian Carl Gugasian (born October 12, 1947) is an American prisoner who is serving a 17-year sentence for robbery, known as "The Friday Night Bank Robber". He is perhaps the most prolific of such criminals in US history, having robbed more than 50 banks over a 30-year period for a total of more than $2 million.

neg: Lucien Rivard Lucien Rivard (June 16, 1914 – February 3, 2002) was a Quebec criminal known for a sensational prison escape in 1965.

neg: Vivian Chase Vivian Davis Chase (c. 1902 – November 2, 1935) was a Midwestern gangster of the 1920s and 1930s.

neg: Nathaniel Reed Nathaniel "Texas Jack" Reed (March 23, 1862 – January 7, 1950) was a 19th-century American outlaw responsible for many stagecoach, bank, and train robberies throughout the American Southwest during the 1880s and '90s. He acted on his own and also led a bandit gang, operating particularly in the Rocky Mountains and Indian Territory.

neg: Bill Miner Ezra Allen Miner (c.1847 – September 2, 1913), more popularly known as Bill Miner, was a noted American criminal, originally from Bowling Green, Kentucky, who served several prison terms for stagecoach robbery. Known for his unusual politeness while committing robberies, he was widely nicknamed the Grey Fox, Gentleman Robber or the Gentleman Bandit. He is reputed to have been the originator of the phrase "Hands up!"

neg: Forrest Turner Forrest T. Turner (February 8, 1915 in McDonough, Georgia-January 5, 2001 in Snellville, Georgia) was an American bootlegger and rum-runner who gained notoriety for multiple escapes from prison in the 1930s and 1940s. Georgia Governor Ellis Arnall gave him a full pardon with the understanding that he would speak out against crime and in favor of prison reform. From that time until his death, he gave more than 10,000 speeches to church and school groups about prison reform. He earned his living making dentures, a trade he had learned in prison.

neg: George Scarborough George Scarborough (October 2, 1859 – April 5, 1900) was a cowboy and lawman who lived during the time of the Wild West. He is best known for having killed outlaw John Selman, killer of John Wesley Hardin, and for his partnership with lawman Jeff Milton, with the pair bringing down several outlaws during their time together.

neg: Earl Dwire Earl Dwire (October 3, 1883 – January 16, 1940) was an American character actor who appeared in more than 150 movies between 1921 and his death in 1940. Noted for his almost frightening long face, Dwire worked mainly as a villain in westerns, including "Riders of Destiny" (1933) with John Wayne in the first singing cowboy movie and "The Trail Beyond" (1934) opposite Wayne, Noah Beery, Sr., and Noah Beery, Jr. He also appeared in Bob Steele vehicles such as "Alias John Law" (1935).

neg: Tommy Carroll (criminal) Thomas Leonard "Tommy" Carroll (1901 – June 7, 1934) was an American bank robber and Depression-era outlaw. A boxer-turned-criminal, he committed numerous robberies during the 1920s and 1930s as well as being a longtime member of the Dillinger gang.

neg: Boston Corbett Thomas P. "Boston" Corbett (January 29, 1832 – presumed dead c. September 1, 1894) was a Union Army soldier who shot and killed President Abraham Lincoln's assassin, John Wilkes Booth. Corbett was initially arrested for disobeying orders, but was later released and was largely considered a hero by the media and the public.

neg: Émile Buisson Émile "Mimile" Buisson (19 August 1902 – 28 February 1956) was a French gangster, and French public enemy No. 1 for 1950. A member of the French "Gang des Tractions Avant", Buisson was responsible for over thirty murders and a hundred robberies. Buisson was pursued and caught by French detective of the Sûreté Nationale Roger Borniche, and was executed in 1956 by the guillotine. Borniche's memoirs on the pursuit, "Flic Story", were later made into a film of the same name in 1975, with Buisson portrayed by Jean-Louis Trintignant.

neg: Robert "Bobby" Germaine Robert "Bobby" Germaine, Sr. (October 1, 1925 – April 1986), the son of French-Canadian immigrants, was a drug trafficker, burglar, and freelance writer in New York, NY. He was friends with Henry Hill and involved in his criminal activities following the Lufthansa heist up to Hill's incarceration. Germaine was also a friend of Jimmy 'the Gent' Burke. On January 3, 1972, Germaine was one of the gunmen of the Pierre Hotel armed robbery, where he and his seven cohorts, after binding and gagging the hotel employees, taking the Pierre under siege, ransacked the safe deposit boxes, and plundered an estimated $28,000,000 in jewels and cash. (Refer to 'Contract Killer' by William Hoffman & Lake Headley).

neg: Trinidad Gunfight Trinidad Gunfight (April 16, 1882) was a gunfight of the Old West that took place in Trinidad, Colorado, between two professional gamblers, Frank Loving and John Allen. The gunfight is notable in that Loving was, during his time, known as having a reputation as a gunman, due to his having killed Levi Richardson in the Long Branch Saloon Gunfight.