query: Which breed was recognized first, the Swedish Vallhund or the Ratonero Bodeguero Andaluz?

pos: Ratonero Bodeguero Andaluz The Ratonero Bodeguero Andaluz ("Andalusian wine-cellar rat-hunting dog") is a Spanish breed of dog of the terrier type. Its name reflects its main occupation: hunting rats and mice hidden between barrels in the wineries of Andalusia in Spain. It was recognised as an indigenous Spanish breed in 2000 by the Spanish Ministry of Agriculture and by the Spanish Kennel Club, the" Real Sociedad Canina de España".

pos: Swedish Vallhund The Swedish Vallhund, also known as the "Västgötaspets" and Swedish cow dog, is a breed of dog native to Sweden. The breed's name, "Vallhund", when translated into English, means herding dog, as the Swedish Vallhund was originally bred as a drover and herder of cows over 1,000 years ago. In 1942, the dog came close to extinction, but careful breeding and publicity by Swedish national Bjorn von Rosen and K. G. Zettersten managed to revive the breed in popularity and save it from its likely end. In 1943, the Swedish Kennel Club recognized the Swedish Vallhund as a breed, and officially categorized the Swedish Vallhund as "the Västgötaspets" for Västergötland, the province in which their revival took place. Since then, the breed has been recognized by, and bred in, over ten countries and has gained some popularity.

neg: Small Münsterländer The Small Münsterländer (also SM or Kleiner Münsterländer) is a versatile hunting-pointing-retrieving dog breed that reached its current form in the area around Münster, Germany. The Large Münsterländer is from the same area, but was developed from different breeding stock and is not related as the names would suggest. Small Münsterländers bear a resemblance to both spaniels and setters but are more versatile while hunting on land and water. The Small Münsterländer is recognized by the Fédération Cynologique Internationale under Group 7, Section 1.2, Continental Pointing Dogs of Spaniel type, by the American Kennel Club as a Foundation Breed, and by The Kennel Club and the United Kennel Club as a gun dog. It is related to the Epagneul Français and the Drentsche Patrijshond.

neg: Swedish Red Pied The Swedish Red Pied, Swedish: Rödbrokig Svensk Boskap , frequently abbreviated to RSB, was a Swedish breed of dairy cattle. It is now considered extinct. It was merged in the 1920s with the Swedish Ayrshire breed to create the Swedish Red-and-White (Swedish: "" or SRB), which is one of the principal dairy breeds of Sweden.

neg: Segugio Italiano The Segugio Italiano ] is an Italian breed of dog of the scenthound family. It comes in both short-haired and wire-haired varieties. It is thought to be an ancient breed, descended in pre-Roman eras from progenitor scenthounds in ancient Egypt. In 2009 ENCI (the Italian Kennel Club) registered 4,500 specimens of the short-haired variety and 1,740 wire-haired specimens, making this one of the top ten breeds in Italy.

neg: Belgian Shepherd The Belgian Shepherd (also known as the Belgian Sheepdog or Chien de Berger Belge) is a breed of medium-to-large-sized herding dog. It originated in Belgium and is similar to other sheep herding dogs from that region, including the Dutch Shepherd, the German Shepherd, the Briard, and others. Four types have been identified by various registries as separate breeds or varieties: Groenendael, Laekenois, Tervuren, and Malinois.

neg: German Shepherd The German Shepherd (German: Deutscher Schäferhund , ] ) is a breed of medium to large-sized working dog that originated in Germany. The breed's officially recognized name is German Shepherd Dog in the English language (sometimes abbreviated as "GSD"). The breed is also known as the Alsatian in Britain and Ireland. The German Shepherd is a relatively new breed of dog, with their origin dating to 1899. As part of the Herding Group, German Shepherds are working dogs developed originally for herding sheep. Since that time however, because of their strength, intelligence, trainability, and obedience, German Shepherds around the world are often the preferred breed for many types of work, including disability assistance, search-and-rescue, police and military roles, and even acting. The German Shepherd is the second-most registered breed by the American Kennel Club and fourth-most registered breed by The Kennel Club in the United Kingdom.

neg: Griffon Griffon is a type of dog - a collection of breeds that were originally hunting dogs. There are three lines of the griffon type recognized by the Fédération Cynologique Internationale (FCI): the griffon vendéens, the wirehaired pointers, and the "smousje" (Belgian companion dogs or Dutch Smoushond). The griffon type is characterized by rough or wire-hair.

neg: Fjäll The Fjäll (Swedish: Fjällko or Svensk Fjällras ) is a traditional Swedish breed of polled mountain cattle. It was threatened with extinction in the 1970s and 1980s, but recovered after a breed association was formed in 1995, partly thanks to stocks of frozen semen. Microsatellite analysis has shown it to be closely related to the endangered Bohuskulla breed.

neg: Swedish Blue The Swedish Blue (Swedish: Svensk blå anka ) or Blue Swedish is a breed of domesticated duck which emerged during the 19th century in Swedish Pomerania, near the Baltic shores of what is now modern Germany and Poland. Within the American Standard of Perfection, the "blue" is the only variety of the breed "Swedish".

neg: Landrace pig The term Landrace pig or Landrace swine refers to any of a group of standardized breeds of domestic pig, and in this context the word "Landrace" is typically capitalized. The original breed by this name was the Danish Landrace pig, from which the others were derived through development and crossbreeding. The breed was so-named because the foundation stock of the Danish Landrace were specimens from the local, free-breeding, non-pedigreed stock of swine, i.e. the regional landrace native to Denmark. The modern breeds are not themselves landraces, since they are formal breeds maintained through selective breeding rather than natural selection. The establishment and spread of the Danish breed gave the word "landrace" to the English language (it had already existed in Danish, German, Dutch and some other Germanic languages). Sources from the mid-20th century often mean the Danish Landrace swine in particular when referring to "Landrace" pigs, as most of the others had not been developed yet.

neg: Gran Mastín de Borínquen The Gran Mastín de Borinquen, also known as the Puerto Rican Mastiff, Mastín Borincano, Becerillo de Borinquen and Perro Barsino de Hacienda, is the only breed native to the island of Puerto Rico.

neg: Field Spaniel The Field Spaniel is a medium-sized breed dog of the spaniel type. They were originally developed to be all-black show dogs in the late 19th and early 20th centuries and were unpopular for work as a hunting dog. However, during the mid-20th century they were redeveloped as a longer-legged dog that was more suitable to be used for field work. They are now considered to be a rare breed, and are registered as a Vulnerable Native Breed by The Kennel Club.

neg: Weimaraner The Weimaraner ( ) is a large dog that was originally bred for hunting in the early 19th century. Early Weimaraners were used by royalty for hunting large game such as boar, bear, and deer. As the popularity of large game hunting began to decline, Weimaraners were used for hunting smaller animals like fowl, rabbits, and foxes.

neg: Väneko The Väneko is an endangered Swedish breed of dairy cattle. It is named for the village of Väne-Ryr in the landskap of Västergötland, in western Sweden. It is a traditional domestic Swedish breed, and derives from a group of cattle discovered in the 1990s, at a time when all traditional Swedish horned cattle were thought to have disappeared.

neg: Svenska Kennelklubben Svenska Kennelklubben (SKK, "Swedish Kennel Club") is a Swedish organization dedicated to purebred dogs and dog owners. It was formed in 1889 by a group of noblemen and hunters with the aim to maintain the capability of good hunting dogs. According to its charter, the goals of the organization are "to create interest in, and promote, the breeding of mentally and physically healthy purebred dogs that are adequate in terms of working and hunting and that have a favorable appearance".

neg: Berrenda cattle The Berrenda is a type of cattle from the Spanish region of Andalusia. It is subdivided into two breeds; the Red Berrenda and the Black Berrenda.

neg: Palmera (cattle) The Palmera is an endangered breed of cattle from the island of San Miguel de La Palma, in the Spanish autonomous community of the Canary Islands. The cattle are not indigenous to the island, but were brought by European settlers in the fifteenth century. The Palmera derives from the Rubia Gallega breed of Galicia. It is distributed mostly in the municipalities of Breña Alta, Breña Baja, El Paso, Garafía, Los Llanos de Aridane and Villa de Mazo, with small numbers in the municipalities of Puntagorda, Santa Cruz de La Palma and Tijarafe; a few may be found on the islands of Fuerteventura and Tenerife.

neg: Russo-European Laika Russo-European Laika (Russko-Evropeĭskaya Láĭka) is the name of a breed of hunting dog that originated in the forested region of northern Europe and Russia, one of several breeds developed from landrace Laika dogs of very ancient Spitz type. The "Russo-European Laika" itself dates to a breeding program begun in 1944 by E. I. Shereshevsky of the All-Union Research Institute for the Hunting Industry, in Kalinin (now Tver) Province.

neg: Hovawart The Hovawart is a medium to large size German dog breed. The name of the breed means "an estate guard dog", which is the original use for the breed. The breed originated in the Black Forest region and was first described in text and paintings in medieval times.

neg: Chien Français Blanc et Noir The Chien Français Blanc et Noir (FCI No.220) translated into English as the French White and Black Hound, is a breed of dog of the scenthound type, originating in France. The breed is used for hunting in packs and descends from the old Hound of Saintonge type of large hunting dog.

neg: Smooth Fox Terrier The Smooth Fox Terrier is a breed of dog, one of many terrier breeds. It was the first breed in the fox terrier family to be given official recognition by The Kennel Club (circa 1875; breed standard 1876). It is well known, and although not a widely popular breed today outside of hunting and show circles, it is extremely significant due to the large number of terriers believed descended from it.


query: The Quincy Police Station is in a city located in which county ?

pos: Quincy Police Station The Quincy Police Station is located at 1 Sea Street in Quincy, Massachusetts. The original three-story yellow brick Classical Revival structure was designed by the local firm of Clark, Batty and Gallagher, and built in 1925 for $75,000. It is the city's first purpose-built police station. It has only modest styling, including brick pilasters separating its window bays, and a simple cornice topped by a parapet which has a raised section containing the city seal. The building has had a modern addition made to it.

pos: Quincy, Massachusetts Quincy (pronounced ) is the largest city in Norfolk County, Massachusetts, United States. It is a major part of Metropolitan Boston and is Boston's immediate southern suburb. Its population in 2014 was 93,397, making it the 8th-largest city in the state. Known as the "City of Presidents," Quincy is the birthplace of two U.S. presidents — John Adams and his son John Quincy Adams — as well as John Hancock, a President of the Continental Congress and the first signer of the Declaration of Independence.

neg: West Alton, Missouri West Alton is a city in St. Charles County, Missouri, United States. The population was 522 at the 2010 census. It is located at the tip of the peninsula formed by the confluence of the Missouri and Mississippi Rivers.

neg: Quincy Municipal Airport (Washington) Quincy Municipal Airport (FAA LID: 80T) is a city owned, public use airport located two nautical miles (4 km) southeast of the central business district of Quincy, a city in Grant County, Washington, United States.

neg: Clayton, Illinois Clayton is a village in Adams County, Illinois, United States. The population was 709 at the 2010 census. It is part of the Quincy, IL–MO Micropolitan Statistical Area.

neg: Burton, Illinois Burton is an unincorporated community in Adams County about four miles east of Quincy.

neg: South Quincy South Quincy is a neighborhood of Quincy, Massachusetts. Located in the south central portion of the city, South Quincy is bordered on the north by Quincy Center and West Quincy, on the east by Quincy Avenue and the Quincy Point neighborhood, on the south by Braintree and on the west by Interstate 93.

neg: Quincy Township, Olmsted County, Minnesota Quincy Township is a township in Olmsted County, Minnesota, United States. The population was 356 at the 2000 census.

neg: Quincy Canal The Quincy Canal was a small canal in Quincy, Massachusetts that was built in the 1820s to haul freight in the city.

neg: Millville, Massachusetts Millville is a town in Worcester County, Massachusetts, United States. The population was 3,190 at the 2010 census. It is part of the Providence metropolitan area.

neg: Henry County, Illinois Henry County is a county located in the U.S. state of Illinois. According to the 2010 census, it has a population of 50,486. Its county seat is Cambridge.

neg: Junction City, Kansas Junction City is a city and county seat of Geary County, Kansas, United States. As of the 2010 census, the city population was 23,353. Fort Riley, a major U.S. Army post, is nearby.

neg: Hickory Grove, Adams County, Illinois Hickory Grove is an unincorporated community and Edge city in Ellington Township, Adams County, Illinois, United States. It is situated on the outskirts of the city of Quincy and is part of the Quincy, IL–MO Micropolitan Statistical Area.

neg: Paducah, Kentucky Paducah ( ) is a home rule-class city in and the county seat of McCracken County, Kentucky, United States. The largest city in the Jackson Purchase region, it is located at the confluence of the Tennessee and the Ohio Rivers, halfway between St. Louis, Missouri, to the northwest and Nashville, Tennessee, to the southeast. The population was 24,864 in 2015, down from 25,024 during the 2010 U.S. Census. Twenty blocks of the city's downtown have been designated as a historic district and listed on the National Register of Historic Places.

neg: Quincy Historic District The Quincy Historic District is a U.S. Historic District (designated as such on November 9, 1978) located in Quincy, Florida. The district is bounded by Sharon, Clark, Stewart, and Corry Streets. It contains 145 historic buildings.

neg: Belmont, Massachusetts Belmont is a town in Middlesex County, Massachusetts, a western suburb of Boston. It is part of the greater Boston metropolitan area. Its population was 26,171 as of 01 2016

neg: North Chicago, Illinois North Chicago is a city in Lake County, Illinois, United States, and a suburb of the Chicago metropolitan area. The population was 32,574 at the 2010 census.

neg: Maumelle, Arkansas Maumelle is an affluent city in Pulaski County, Arkansas, United States. As of the 2010 census, the city population was 17,163. The city is located northwest of Little Rock, bordering the opposite shore of the Arkansas River and is part of the Little Rock metropolitan area.

neg: Cambridge, Massachusetts Cambridge ( ) is a city in Middlesex County, Massachusetts, and is a part of the Boston metropolitan area.

neg: Quincy Township, Houghton County, Michigan Quincy Township is a civil township of Houghton County in the U.S. state of Michigan. As of the 2000 census, the township population was 251.

neg: Westminster, Massachusetts Westminster is a town in Worcester County, Massachusetts, in the United States. At the 2010 census, the town population was 7,277.

neg: Millis, Massachusetts Millis is a town in Norfolk County in the U.S. state of Massachusetts. It is a small town with a population of 7,891 according to the 2010 census. The town is approximately 19 mi southwest of downtown Boston and is bordered by Norfolk, Sherborn, Holliston, Medfield, and Medway. Massachusetts state routes 109 and 115 run through Millis.


query: What is the middle name of the woman who opened the Performing Arts Training Center in 1967?

pos: Performing Arts Training Center The Performing Arts Training Center (PATC) was opened in 1967 in East St. Louis, Illinois by world-renowned African American dancer Katherine Dunham who was then Artist-in-Residence at Southern Illinois University Edwardsville. Dunham partnered with SIUE's Experiment in Higher Education to add educational resources to the program and give the youth of East St. Louis a better educational experience.

pos: Katherine Dunham Katherine Mary Dunham (also known as Kaye Dunn, June 22, 1909 – May 21, 2006) was an American dancer, choreographer, author, educator, and social activist. Dunham had one of the most successful dance careers in American and European theater of the 20th century, and directed her own dance company for many years. She has been called the "matriarch and queen mother of black dance."

neg: 1967 U.S. National Championships – Women's Singles 1967 U.S. National Championships – Women's Singles

neg: Lisa Gaye Leslie Gaye Griffin (March 6, 1935 – July 14, 2016), better known as Lisa Gaye, was an American actress, singer, and dancer.

neg: Bessie Schonberg Bessie Schonberg (December 27, 1906 – May 14, 1997) was a highly influential dancer, choreographer and teacher of the 20th century. She was at the center of contemporary modern dance from her beginning at Bennington College up until her death in 1997. Her career spanned sixty-five years and she helped mold a new generation of modern dancers including Lucinda Childs, Elizabeth Keen, Meredith Monk and Carolyn Adams (dancer).

neg: Meg Cabot Meg Cabot (born Meggin Patricia Cabot; February 1, 1967) is an

neg: Brenda Kahn Brenda Kahn (born May 3, 1967) is an American singer-songwriter, poet and educator based in Center Valley, PA who is known for her poetic lyrics.

neg: Grace Mary Stern Grace Mary Stern (née Dain; July 10, 1925 – May 17, 1998) was an American politician.

neg: Carol Channing Carol Elaine Channing (born January 31, 1921) is an American actress, singer, dancer and comedian. Notable for starring in Broadway and film musicals, her characters typically radiate a fervent expressiveness and an easily identifiable voice, whether singing or for comedic effect. Carol Channing also studied acting at The Neighborhood Playhouse School of the Theatre in New York City.

neg: Dorothy Runk Mennen Dorothy Runk Mennen (July 17, 1915 – February 20, 2011) was a pioneer in the creation of a voice curriculum for the university training of theatre actors and professional performers. She was also a prolific author regarding the training of the voice and Professor Emerita of Theatre at Purdue University.

neg: Mildred Miller Mildred Miller (born December 16, 1924) is an American classical mezzo-soprano who had a major career performing in operas, concerts, and recitals during the mid twentieth century. She was notably a principal artist at the Metropolitan Opera from 1951 through 1974. In 1978 she founded the Opera Theater of Pittsburgh, serving as the company's Artistic Director through 1999.

neg: Jeannette Thurber Jeanette Thurber (also known as Jeannette Meyers Thurber, January 29, 1850, in Delhi, New York – January 2, 1946 in Bronxville, New York) was amongst the first major patrons of classical music in the United States. Thurber established the National Conservatory of Music of America in 1885 – the first of its kind and an endeavor that some say ushered in the first orchestral music with a distinctively American sound. But in a very radical stance for the day, Thurber championed the rights of women, people of color and the handicapped to attend her school, sometimes on full scholarship. This was 1885—not too long after the Civil War—and her school was racially integrated, promoted women, and had an inclusive stance toward the handicapped.

neg: Ilene Graff Ilene Susan Graff (born February 28, 1949) is an American actress and singer.

neg: Ann Schein Carlyss She spent her early years in Evanston, Illinois, but she moved to Washington D.C. when she was 4. At age 5, she began her piano training with Glenn and Bessie Gunn. She went on to study at the Peabody Conservatory under the direction of Mieczyslaw Munz. She attended the Holton-Arms School which was in Washington, DC at the time. In 1959, at age 19, her first recording (of Chopin's Scherzi) established her as a premiere pianist. In 1961, she began lessons with Arthur Rubinstein. The next year, she performed a solo debut at Carnegie Hall, followed by a performance at the White House in 1963 for President and Mrs. John F. Kennedy.

neg: Martha Wright (actress) Martha Wright, born Martha Lucile Wiederrecht (March 23, 1923 – March 1, 2016), was an American actress and singer best known for her performances on Broadway and on television.

neg: Christine Bannon-Rodrigues Christine Bannon-Rodrigues (born November 6, 1966) is an American martial artist, actress, stunt person, and choreographer.

neg: Helen Tamiris Helen Tamiris (born Helen Becker; April 24, 1905 – August 4, 1966) was an American choreographer, modern dancer, and teacher.

neg: Regina Resnik Regina Resnik (August 30, 1922 – August 8, 2013) was an American opera singer who had an active international career that spanned five decades. She began her career as a soprano in 1942 and soon after began a lengthy and fruitful relationship with the Metropolitan Opera that spanned from 1944 until 1983. Under the advice of conductor Clemens Krauss, she began retraining her voice in the mezzo-soprano repertoire in 1953 and by 1956 had completely removed soprano literature from her performance repertoire.

neg: Elma Lewis Elma Ina Lewis (September 15, 1921 – January 1, 2004) was an American arts educator and the founder of the National Center of Afro-American Artists and The Elma Lewis School of Fine Arts. She was one of the first recipients of a MacArthur Fellows Grant, in 1981, and received a Presidential Medal for the Arts by President Ronald Reagan in 1983. She is also an honorary member of Alpha Kappa Alpha sorority.

neg: Jane Frazee Mary Jane Frehse (July 18, 1918 – September 6, 1985), known as Jane Frazee, was an American actress, singer, and dancer.

neg: Susan Morrow Susan Morrow (born Jacqueline Ann Teresa Bernadette Immoor, May 25, 1931 – May 8, 1985) was an American actress.

neg: Toni Braxton Toni Michelle Braxton (born October 7, 1967) is an American singer, songwriter, pianist, record producer, actress, television personality, and philanthropist. Rising to fame in the early 1990s, Braxton quickly established herself as an R&B icon and became one of the best-selling artists of the 1990s decade, and being recognized as one of the most outstanding voices of her generation.


query: The red-eyed wrasse is native to Indonesia and an island located in what ocean?

pos: Red-eye wrasse The red-eyed wrasse, "Cirrhilabrus solorensis", is a species of wrasse native to Indonesia and Christmas Island, though claims have been made of a wider distribution. It inhabits coral reefs on coastal and outer reef lagoons at depths of 5 to . It can reach a total length of 11 cm . It can be found in the aquarium trade.

pos: Christmas Island The Territory of Christmas Island is an Australian external territory comprising the island of the same name. Christmas Island is located in the Indian Ocean, around 350 km south of Java and Sumatra and around 1550 km north-west of the closest point on the Australian mainland. It has an area of 135 km2 .

neg: Java Java (Indonesian: Jawa; Javanese: ꦗꦮ; Sundanese: ) is an island of Indonesia. With a population of over 141 million (the island itself) or 145 million (the administrative region), Java is home to 56.7 percent of the Indonesian population and is the most populous island on Earth. The Indonesian capital city, Jakarta, is located on western Java. Much of Indonesian history took place on Java. It was the center of powerful Hindu-Buddhist empires, the Islamic sultanates, and the core of the colonial Dutch East Indies. Java was also the center of the Indonesian struggle for independence during the 1930s and 1940s. Java dominates Indonesia politically, economically and culturally.The UNESCO world heritage site, Ujung Kulon, is located on the westernmost tip (West Java).

neg: Menipo Menipo, is an island in the Lesser Sunda Islands in Indonesia which is separated from Timor Island by a narrow strait. It is 7328 m long and 700 m wide and is officially a part of the Enoraen Village in Kupang. Menipo is home to a variety of wildlife, including Timor deer, wild pigs, turtles and crocodiles. The island is also used for fishing, snorkeling, swimming, and surfing.

neg: Sambu Island Sambu (Indonesian: "Pulau Sambu" ; ) is a minor island in Riau Islands Province of Indonesia.

neg: Kapas Island Kapas Island (Malay: "Pulau Kapas" ) is an island located about 6 kilometers east of Marang, Malaysia, with a smaller island, Pulau Gemia, located north of it. It measures roughly 1.5 by 2.5 km. Its name, Pulau Kapas (Malay for "cotton island"), refers to the island's white beaches. The island has tropical jungle, clear seawater, white sand beaches and coral reefs in the surrounding waters. It is promoted as a "diving and snorkeling paradise". The island is reached by ferry from Marang.

neg: Outline of Christmas Island Christmas Island is a small territory of Australia located in the Indian Ocean, 2600 kilometres (1600 mi) northwest of Perth in Western Australia, 500 kilometres (300 mi) south of Jakarta, Indonesia, and 975 km ENE of the Cocos (Keeling) Islands. Christmas Island supports about 1,600 residents, who live in a number of "settlement areas" on the northern tip of the island: Flying Fish Cove (also known as Kampong), Silver City, Poon Saan and Drumsite.

neg: Savo Island Savo Island is a volcanic island in Solomon Islands in the South Pacific ocean. It is located to the north of the western tip of Guadalcanal Island at . Politically, Savo Island is a part of the Solomons' Central Province. The indigenous language of Savo is the Savosavo language.

neg: Maluku Islands The Maluku Islands or the Moluccas ( ) are an archipelago within Banda Sea, Indonesia. Tectonically they are located on the Halmahera Plate within the Molucca Sea Collision Zone. Geographically they are located east of Sulawesi, west of New Guinea, and north and east of Timor.

neg: Pulau Reni Pulau Reni is a small Indonesian island located in the Ayu Archipelago above the northern tip of the Waigeo Islands.

neg: Netherlands New Guinea Netherlands New Guinea (Dutch: "Nederlands-Nieuw-Guinea" ) refers to the Papua region of Indonesia while it was an overseas territory of the Kingdom of the Netherlands from 1949 to 1962. Until 1949 it was a part of the Dutch East Indies. It was commonly known as Dutch New Guinea. It contained what are now Indonesia's two easternmost provinces, Papua and West Papua (administered under a unified government prior to 2003 under the name "Irian Jaya").

neg: Riau Riau (Jawi: رياو , ) is a province of Indonesia. It is located in the central eastern coast of Sumatra along the Strait of Malacca. Until 2004 the province included the offshore Riau Islands, a large group of small islands (of which the principal islands are Batam and Bintan) located east of Sumatra Island and south of Singapore, before these islands were split off as Riau Islands Province in July 2004. The provincial capital of Riau Province and its largest city is Pekanbaru. Other major cities include Dumai, Selat Panjang, Bagansiapiapi, Bengkalis, Bangkinang, Rengat and Siak Sri Indrapura. The province shares land borders with North Sumatra to the northwest, West Sumatra to the west, and Jambi to the south.

neg: Teluk Cenderawasih National Park Teluk Cenderawasih National Park is the largest marine national park of Indonesia, located in Cenderawasih Bay, south-east of Bird's Head Peninsula. It includes the islands of Mioswaar, Nusrowi, Roon, Rumberpon and Yoop. The park protects a rich marine ecosystem, with over 150 recorded coral species, for which it is considered a potential World Heritage Site.

neg: Islands Region The Islands Region is one of four regions of Papua New Guinea (PNG) comprising the Bismarck Archipelago and north-eastern Solomon Islands Archipelago, located north-east of the mainland on eastern New Guinea island.

neg: Rambutyo Island Rambutyo Island is one of the Admiralty Islands in the Bismarck Archipelago, located at . Politically, Rambutyo Island is part of Manus Province, Papua New Guinea.

neg: Java Sea The Java Sea (Indonesian: "Laut Jawa" ) is an extensive shallow sea on the Sunda Shelf. It lies between the Indonesian islands of Borneo to the north, Java to the south, Sumatra to the west, and Sulawesi to the east. Karimata Strait to its northwest links it to the South China Sea.

neg: Malay Archipelago The Malay Archipelago (Malaysian & Indonesian: "Kepulauan Melayu/Nusantara", Filipino: "Kapuluang Malay", Visayan: "Kapupud-ang Malay") is the archipelago between mainland Indochina and Australia. It has also been called the Malay World, Indo-Australian Archipelago, East Indies, Nusantara, Spices Archipelago, and other names over time. The name was taken from the 19th-century European concept of a Malay race, later based on the distribution of Austronesian languages.

neg: Batu Islands The Batu Islands are an archipelago of Indonesia located in the Indian Ocean off the west coast of Sumatra, between Nias and Siberut. The three primary islands, of approximately equal size, are Pini, Tanahmasa, and Tanahbala. There are forty-eight smaller islands, of which the largest are Sipika, Simuk, Bodjo, Telo and Sigata; less than half are inhabited. The islands are governed as a part of South Nias regency within North Sumatra province. In Indonesian and Malay, "batu" means "rock" or "stone".

neg: Bokak Atoll Bokak Atoll (Marshallese: Bokaak or Bok-ak , ) or Taongi Atoll is an uninhabited coral atoll in the Ratak Chain of the Marshall Islands, located in the North Pacific Ocean at . Due to its relative isolation from the main islands in the group, Bokak has an undisturbed flora and fauna that has been allowed to exist in a pristine condition.

neg: Pseudocoris Pseudocoris is a genus of wrasses native to the eastern Indian Ocean and the western Pacific Ocean.

neg: Indonesia Indonesia ( or ; Indonesian: ), officially the Republic of Indonesia (Indonesian: "Republik Indonesia" ), is a unitary sovereign state and transcontinental country located mainly in Southeast Asia, with some territories in Oceania. Situated between the Indian and Pacific oceans, it is the world's largest island country, with more than seventeen thousand islands. At 1,904,569 km2 , Indonesia is the world's 14th-largest country in terms of land area and world's 7th-largest country in terms of combined sea and land area. It has an estimated population of over floor( /1e6) million people and is the world's fourth most populous country, the most populous Austronesian nation, as well as the most populous Muslim-majority country. The world's most populous island, Java, contains more than half of the country's population.

neg: Turtle Head Island Turtle Head Island is an island of the Torres Strait Islands archipelago, located in the Great Barrier Reef Marine Park, east of Cape York Peninsula, in Queensland, Australia.


query: No issue, lelo tissue was an advertisement campaign started by the largest mobile network in Pakistan, that was formed by the merger of Mobilink and what?

pos: No issue, lelo tissue No issue, lelo tissue (Urdu:  ) was a Pakistani television advertisement campaign started by Jazz Pakistan, following the victory of Pakistan's cricket team in the 2017 ICC Champions Trophy Final. It was directed by Hassan Dawar. The advertisement has been dubbed as Pakistan's response to India's famous "Mauka Mauka" commercials.

pos: Jazz Pakistan Jazz (Urdu:  ) is the largest mobile network in Pakistan formed by the merger of Mobilink and Warid. It provides a range of services for prepaid and postpaid customers to individual and corporate clients. Its Head Office is located in Islamabad, and the current CEO is Aamir Ibrahim.

neg: Dot Mobile Dot Mobile Limited was a mobile virtual network operator (MVNO) in the UK, founded in 2005 by Jamie Harris, which used the Vodafone network. The business was aimed at students. It entered administration on 18 March 2008.

neg: MONILINK MONILINK Limited is the banking service operating in the United Kingdom that gives customers access to their financial information directly from their mobile phones. Created in 2003 MONILINK is a joint venture between Monitise and LINK (UK). Promotional material promises consumers that, through the service: “The future of banking is in your hands”.

neg: Cable & Wireless Worldwide Cable & Wireless Worldwide PLC (informally Cable & Wireless) was a British multinational telecommunications services company headquartered in Bracknell, United Kingdom. It was formed in 2010 by the split of Cable & Wireless plc into two companies, the other being Cable & Wireless Communications.

neg: Digitas Health Digitas Health is an interactive marketing agency catering exclusively to healthcare and pharmaceutical companies. The company was founded in 1990 as Medical Broadcasting Corporation and became a unit of Digitas in 2006 as Digitas Health. In 2011, the agency became independent of Digitas, and integrated into the Publicis Healthcare Communications Group (PHCG), the world’s largest healthcare communications network. PHCG is part of Paris-based Publicis Groupe the world’s third largest communications group, second largest media counsel and buying group, and a global leader in digital and healthcare communications.

neg: Unite Union Unite Union (Unite) is a trade union in New Zealand. It was the sponsor of the Supersizemypay.com campaign directed towards improving working conditions for fast food workers in the country, in addition to representing other hospitality and retail workers.

neg: Lebara Lebara is a telecommunications company providing services in many countries around the world, using the mobile virtual network operator business model. Lebara Mobile provides pay-as-you-go mobile SIM cards, targeted toward the needs of international communities and migrant workers.

neg: Mobile World Mobile World is a monthly publication that is published from Karachi and is distributed across Pakistan and internationally. It is particularly aimed at the car, motorcycle, truck, bus, tractor and allied sectors but also covers a range of international topics around Road transport, Tyre, International Events, Fair, Exhibition, New Products, Auto parts, Government policy and Scandal, Special Report Interviews and Road Safety.

neg: Welspun Investments and Commercials Welspun Investments and Commercials Ltd (|) (formally Welspun Investments Ltd) is Indian investment and financial service provider company based in Mumbai, Maharashtra. It was founded in 2008 after merging Welspun Trading Ltd, Welspun Finance Ltd and Krishiraj Trading Ltd in one company. It is a part of the () Welspun Group.

neg: Pakistan MNP Database (Guarantee) Limited Pakistan MNP Database (Guarantee) Limited is a subsidiary of all the five Cellular Mobile Operators of Pakistan which maintains the country's Central Number Portability Clearing House.

neg: Mobile CDN A mobile content delivery network or mobile content distribution network (Mobile CDN) is a network of servers - systems, computers or devices - that cooperate transparently to optimize the delivery of content to end users on any type of wireless or mobile network. Like traditional CDNs, the primary purpose of a Mobile CDN is to serve content to end users with high availability and high performance. In addition, Mobile CDNs can be used to optimize content delivery for the unique characteristics of wireless networks and mobile devices, such as limited network capacity, or lower device resolution. Added intelligence around device detection, content adaptation can help address challenges inherent to mobile networks which have high latency, higher packet loss and huge variation in download capacity.

neg: IDonate (Pakistan) iDonate is a non-profit organization in Pakistan that helps people in blood donations, Community service, disaster management, Education and Income Support.

neg: Bharat Broadband Network Bharat Broadband Network Limited (BBNL), is a Telecom infrastructure provider, set up by the government of India for the establishment, management and operation of National Optical Fibre Network. It is under Telecom department.

neg: Mobily Etihad Etisalat Co. (Arabic: اتحاد اتصالات  ) is a Saudi Arabian telecommunications services company that offers fixed line, mobile telephony, and Internet services under the brand name Mobily (Arabic: موبايلي  ).

neg: Ptcl Pakistan Telecommunication Company Limited (PTCL) is the leading telecommunication company in Pakistan. The company provides telephonic and Internet services nationwide and is the backbone for the country's telecommunication infrastructure despite the arrival of a dozen other telecommunication corporations, including Telenor Corps and China Mobile Ltd. The corporation manages and operates around 2000 telephone exchanges across the country, providing the largest fixed-line network. Data and backbone services such as GSM, HSPA+, CDMA, LTE, broadband Internet, IPTV, and wholesale are an increasing part of its business.

neg: Unitel (Mongolia) Unitel (Universal or United telecommunications) is a Mongolian Corporate Group of ICT companies, headquartered at Central Tower in downtown Ulan Bator, Mongolia. It was founded on December 23, 2005 as BSB consortium as GSM mobile phone operator and began operations on June 26, 2006.

neg: Unilink Unilink is the branded bus service operated under contract and serving the University of Southampton in Hampshire, England. The service was created in 1998 following the University's expansion onto several new campuses, requiring new transport links between them. The current contractor of the service is Bluestar, part of the Go-Ahead Group, who took over in 2008. The service also encourages use by members of the public outside the university community.

neg: Pakistan Electronic Media Regulatory Authority Pakistan Electronic Media Regulatory Authority (Urdu:  , reporting name: PEMRA), is an independent and constitutionally established federal institution responsible for regulating and issuing channel licenses for establishment of the mass-media culture, print and electronic media.

neg: Ministry of Energy (Pakistan) The Ministry of Energy is a Pakistan Government's level ministry created on 4 August 2017 after merging of the petroleum and power divisions from Ministry of Petroleum and Natural Resources and Ministry of Water and Power, respectively.

neg: ARY Digital ARY Digital (Urdu:  ), a subsidiary of the ARY Group, is a popular Pakistani television network available in Pakistan, the Middle East, North America and Europe. The ARY Group of companies is a Dubai-based holding company founded by a Pakistani businessman, Abdul Razzak Yaqoob (ARY). The network caters to the needs of South Asians, particularly the Pakistani diaspora. The channel is considered to be a pioneer in Pakistani media and broadcasting industry, and has an expanding network of channels, each with an independent focus.

neg: Mobitel Mobitel, an acronym of "mobile telephone", is the name of several mobile telecommunication companies:


query: The school represented by the Tampa Spartans in the 1970 college football season offers how many master's degrees?

pos: 1970 Tampa Spartans football team The 1970 Tampa Spartans football team represented the University of Tampa in the 1970 college football season. It was the Spartans' 34th season and competed as a College Division Independent. The team was led by head coach Fran Curci, in his third year, and played their home games at Tampa Stadium in Tampa, Florida. They finished with a record of ten wins and one loss (10–1).

pos: University of Tampa The University of Tampa (UT), is a private co-educational university in Downtown Tampa, Florida, United States. It is accredited by the Southern Association of Colleges and Schools. UT offers more than 200 programs of study, including 13 master's degrees and a broad variety of majors, minors, pre-professional programs, and certificates.

neg: Vanderbilt University Graduate School The Graduate School manages many of the advanced degree programs of Vanderbilt University, a major research university located in Nashville, Tennessee. While the Graduate School exists as a standalone institution within Vanderbilt, it awards degrees in conjunction with Vanderbilt's other constituent colleges ("e.g.", the College of Arts and Science or the School of Engineering).

neg: UCLA Anderson School of Management The UCLA Anderson School of Management is the graduate business school at the University of California, Los Angeles, one of eleven professional schools. The school offers MBA (full-time, part-time, executive), Financial Engineering and Ph.D. degrees. The school is consistently ranked among the top tier business school programs in the country, based on rankings published by US News & World Report, Businessweek and other leading publications.

neg: Sonoma State University Sonoma State University (SSU, Sonoma State, and Sonoma) is a public comprehensive university, part of the 23-campus California State University (CSU) system. The main campus is located east of Rohnert Park, and north of Cotati, California, United States, approximately 10 mi south of Santa Rosa and 50 mi north of San Francisco. The university is one of the smallest of the 23 CSU campuses in California. Sonoma State offers 92 Bachelor's degrees, 19 Master's degrees, one Doctoral degree (Doctor of Education), and 11 teaching credentials.

neg: CSUSB College of Social and Behavioral Sciences The California State University, San Bernardino College of Social and Behavioral Sciences is one of six academic colleges at CSUSB located in San Bernardino, California, United States. Comprising ten departments/schools and various specialties, the College offers bachelor's and master's. The College strives to produce educated graduates who possess both a fundamental understanding of their fields and the essential professional skills needed by local and regional industries. The College provides business information for all California State University, San Bernardino graduates. The College has many accredited programs.

neg: Florida State University College of Education The Florida State University College of Education is one of sixteen colleges comprising the Florida State University (FSU). The College has roots that reach back to the West Florida Seminary and the State Normal College for Teachers. The College has a number of nationally ranked programs and is in the Top 20 nationally in terms of doctoral degrees awarded.

neg: Harvard Graduate School of Arts and Sciences The Graduate School of Arts and Sciences (GSAS) is the largest of the twelve graduate schools of Harvard University. Formed in 1872, GSAS is responsible for the majority of Harvard's post-baccalaureate degree programs in the humanities, social sciences, and natural sciences. The school offers Master of Arts (AM), Master of Science (SM), and the Doctor of Philosophy (PhD) degrees in approximately 56 disciplines.

neg: Tampa Preparatory School Tampa Preparatory School is a coed, independent school serving grades 6-12 located on the Hillsborough River across from downtown Tampa and the Tampa Bay Performing Arts Center, enrolling 680 students. The school is accredited by the Southern Association of Colleges and Schools and the Florida Council of Independent Schools, and is a member of the National Association of Independent Schools, the College Board, the Secondary School Admissions Test Board, the National Association of College Admissions Counseling, the Southern Association of College Admissions Counseling, and the Educational Records Bureau. Tampa Prep has been recognized as an Apple Distinguished School for innovation, leadership, and educational excellence.

neg: University of South Carolina Aiken The University of South Carolina Aiken (also referred to as USC Aiken, USCA, or South Carolina Aiken) is a four-year, public coeducational university in Aiken, South Carolina. The school offers undergraduate degree programs as well as master's degrees in elementary education, educational technology and applied clinical psychology. Additional graduate courses and degree programs are offered through the University of South Carolina Extended Graduate Campus program. The University of South Carolina Aiken awards baccalaureate degrees in more than 30 major areas of study include the bachelor of science in business administration online through Palmetto College.

neg: Phillips Field (Florida) Phillips Field was a medium-sized stadium (maximum capacity approximately 20,000) located on the west bank of the Hillsborough River across from downtown Tampa, immediately adjacent to the University of Tampa. It opened on October 4, 1937, and served as the home for the University of Tampa's football team from 1937 to 1967. The facility was named for local businessman I. W. Phillips, who donated the land to the school so that the Spartans would not have to share nearby Plant Field, which was often unavailable due to its use for many different sports and community events.

neg: Michigan School of Professional Psychology The Michigan School of Professional Psychology, abbreviated MiSPP (previously known as the Center of Humanistic Studies), is an independent graduate school specializing in clinical psychology located in Farmington Hills, Michigan. It offers two programs of study: the Master of Arts (M.A.) in clinical psychology, which is offered in a one-year full-time, or a two- to three-year part-time format; and the Doctor of Clinical Psychology (Psy.D.) degree, which is a full-time, minimum four-year, post-masters program.

neg: University of Florida College of Engineering The Herbert Wertheim College of Engineering is the largest professional school, the second largest college, and one of the top three research units at the University of Florida. The college was founded in 1910, and in 2015 was named in honor of Herbert Wertheim – a serial inventor, philanthropist and UF Distinguished Alumnus. Located on the university's Gainesville, Florida campus, the college is composed of nine departments, 15 degree programs, and more than 20 centers and institutes. It produces research and graduates in more than a dozen fields of engineering and science including: aerospace, agricultural, biological, biomedical, chemical, civil, coastal, computer, computer science, digital arts, electrical, environmental, industrial, materials, mechanical, nuclear, and systems.

neg: Master of Social Work The Master of Social Work (MSW) is a master's degree in the field of social work. It is a professional degree with specializations compared to Bachelor of Social Work (BSW). MSW promotes macro-, meso- and micro-aspects of professional social work practice, whereas the BSW focuses more on direct social work practices in community, hospitals (outpatient and inpatient services) and other fields of social services.

neg: Freeman School of Business The Freeman School of Business, at Tulane University, is located in New Orleans, in the U.S. state of Louisiana. The school offers undergraduate programs, a full-time MBA program and other master's programs, doctoral programs, and many executive-education programs, and was a charter member of the Association to Advance Collegiate Schools of Business in 1916.

neg: Multnomah University Multnomah University (MU) is a non-denominational Christian university in Portland, Oregon, United States. Multnomah consists of a college, graduate school, seminary and Degree Completion Program, and the university offers bachelor's, master's and doctorate degrees in a wide range of fields.

neg: Dedman School of Hospitality The Dedman School of Hospitality is located in Tallahassee, Florida at Florida State University. The School was founded in 1947 and offers majors in Hospitality Management & Tourism and Global Club Management & Leadership. They previously offered a degree in Professional Golf Management, but the major is no longer offered. The Dedman School was the first hospitality and tourism management program offered in the state of Florida.

neg: Tampa Spartans baseball The Tampa Spartans Baseball program represents the University of Tampa in the NCAA's Division II Level in the Sunshine State Conference. The Spartans are one of the most successful baseball programs in the history of Division II having won seven national titles. The Spartans are coached by Joe Urso.

neg: Master of Studies in Law A Master of Studies in Law (M.S.L.), also Master of Science of Law or Master of Legal Studies (M.L.S.) or Juris Master (J.M.), is a master's degree offered by some law schools to students who wish to study the law but do not want to become attorneys. M.S.L. programs typically last one academic year and put students through a similar regimen as first-year J.D. students. M.S.L. students may study such staples as constitutional law, torts, contracts, civil procedure, and other requirements alongside regular law students, writing the same papers and taking the same exams. But they graduate after accumulating two semesters of credit instead of six. Some M.S.L. programs are designed for academics who hold Ph.D.s in a discipline related to the law, and who want to add a legal dimension to scholarship. Other programs aim to provide fundamental legal education to professionals who are not lawyers, but whose careers involve legal or regulatory issues. Compare Master of Laws. Responding to this need, M.L.S. degrees are increasingly offered to working professionals on an online or part-time basis, and allow professionals to tailor elective law courses to their particular career fields.

neg: University of Texas at Austin Graduate Studies The Graduate School at The University of Texas at Austin was established in 1910. The school offers advanced degrees in nearly 100 fields of study and has more than 12,000 students. According to the school's website, "[The Graduate School] awards the second highest number of doctoral degrees in the United States." Additionally, a number of the school's programs rank among the highest in the nation. Below is a table indicating rankings awarded to various programs in The Graduate School from 2005 to 2008:

neg: Rollins School of Public Health The Rollins School of Public Health is the public health school of Emory University. Founded in 1990, Rollins has more than 1,100 students pursuing master's degrees (MPH/MSPH) and over 150 students pursuing doctorate degrees (PhD). The school comprises six departments: Behavioral Sciences/Health Education (BSHE), Biostatistics (BIOS), Environmental Health (EH), Epidemiology (EPI), Global Health (GH), and Health Policy and Management (HPM), as well as an Executive MPH program (EMPH).

neg: Master of Arts in Higher Education A Master of Arts in Higher Education or MAHE degree is a master's degree that enables recipients to work in a variety of higher education-related fields, most notably student development. The degree, which often contains a blend of student development theory, organizational structure theory, research, and practical foci, is a typical entry point into residence life, student activities, international student affairs, and a plethora of other college administration positions.


query: Acraea obeira is a butterfly found in a landlocked country that takes its name from what king?

pos: Acraea obeira Acraea obeira is a butterfly of the Nymphalidae family. It is found on Madagascar. Records from South Africa, Swaziland, Zimbabwe, eastern Zambia and southern Malawi refer to "Acraea burni".

pos: Swaziland Swaziland, officially the Kingdom of Eswatini ( or ; Swazi: "Umbuso weSwatini"; sometimes called kaNgwane or Eswatini), is a sovereign state in Southern Africa. It is neighboured by Mozambique to its northeast and by South Africa to its north, west and south; it is a landlocked country. The country and its people take their names from Mswati II, the 19th-century king under whose rule Swazi territory was expanded and unified.

neg: Acraea nohara Acraea nohara, the light red acraea, is a butterfly of the Nymphalidae family. It is found from KwaZulu-Natal north through Zimbabwe to Kenya.

neg: Acraea asboloplintha Acraea asboloplintha, the black-winged acraea, is a butterfly in the Nymphalidae family. It is found in the Democratic Republic of the Congo, Rwanda, Burundi, Uganda, Kenya and Tanzania. The habitat consists of forests and heavy woodland.

neg: Acraea omrora Acraea omrora, the omrora acraea, is a butterfly in the Nymphalidae family. It is found in Angola, Zambia and the Democratic Republic of the Congo.

neg: Saopha Saopha, sao pha, chaofa, sawbwa, or saw-bwa (, ] ; Shan: , literally meaning "lord of the heavens" or "lord of the sky") was a royal title used by the hereditary rulers of the semi-independent Shan States (Mong, Shan: , ] ) in what today is Eastern Myanmar (Burma). It may also be used for rulers of similar Tai/Dai states in neighbouring countries, notably including China's Yunnan Province.

neg: Brunei Brunei ( , ), officially the Nation of Brunei, the Abode of Peace (Malay: "Negara Brunei Darussalam" , Jawi: نڬارا بروني دارالسلام ), is a sovereign state located on the north coast of the island of Borneo in Southeast Asia. Apart from its coastline with the South China Sea, the country is completely surrounded by the Malaysian state of Sarawak. It is separated into two parts by the Sarawak district of Limbang. Brunei is the only sovereign state completely on the island of Borneo; the remainder of the island's territory is divided between the nations of Malaysia and Indonesia. Brunei's population was in .

neg: Acraea insignis Acraea insignis, the black-blotched acraea, is a butterfly in the Nymphalidae family. It is found in Ethiopia, the Democratic Republic of the Congo, Sudan, Uganda, Kenya, Tanzania, Malawi, Zambia, Mozambique and Zimbabwe. The habitat consists of forests.

neg: Acraea lumiri Acraea lumiri is a butterfly in the Nymphalidae family. It is found from Cameroon to the central part of the Democratic Republic of the Congo.

neg: Kinga people The Kinga are an ethnic and linguistic group from Njombe Region, Tanzania, in the great Kipengere Range (formerly known as "Livingstone Mountains") northeast of Lake Malawi. In 2003 the Kinga population was estimated to number 140,000.

neg: Ananda Mahidol Ananda Mahidol (Thai: พระบาทสมเด็จพระปรเมนทรมหาอานันทมหิดล ; rtgs: "Ananthamahidon" ; 20 September 19259 June 1946) was the eighth monarch of Thailand from the Chakri dynasty as Rama VIII. At the time he was recognised as king by the National Assembly in March 1935, he was a nine-year-old boy living in Switzerland. He returned to Thailand in December 1945, but six months later in June 1946, he was found shot dead in his bed. Although at first thought to have been an accident, his death was ruled a murder by medical examiners, and three royal pages were later executed following very irregular trials. The mysterious circumstances surrounding his death have been the subject of much controversy.

neg: Acraea acuta Acraea acuta is a butterfly in the Nymphalidae family. It is found in Tanzania, Malawi and Zambia. The habitat consists of montane forests and mountain summits with evergreen shrubs.

neg: Pseudacraea kuenowii Pseudacraea kuenowii, or Kuenow's false acraea, is a butterfly in the Nymphalidae family. It is found in Nigeria, Cameroon, Gabon, the Republic of the Congo, Angola, the Democratic Republic of the Congo, Kenya, Uganda and Zambia. The habitat consists of forests.

neg: Slovakia Slovakia ( ; Slovak: "Slovensko" ] ), officially the Slovak Republic (Slovak: "Slovenská republika" ,    ), is a landlocked country in Central Europe. It is bordered by the Czech Republic and Austria to the west, Poland to the north, Ukraine to the east and Hungary to the south. Slovakia's territory spans about 49000 km2 and is mostly mountainous. The population is over 5 million and comprises mostly ethnic Slovaks. The capital and largest city is Bratislava. The official language is Slovak.

neg: King of Bahrain The King of Bahrain (Arabic: ملك البحرين  ) is the monarch and head of state of Bahrain. Between 1783 and 1971, the Bahraini monarch held the title of Hakim, and, from 1971 until 2002, the title of Emir. On 14 February 2002, the then-Emir of Bahrain, Hamad bin Isa Al Khalifa, declared Bahrain a kingdom and proclaimed himself the first king.

neg: Acraea anacreontica Acraea anacreontica is a butterfly in the Nymphalidae family. It is found in Kenya, Uganda and the Democratic Republic of the Congo.

neg: Postage stamps and postal history of Rwanda This is a survey of the postage stamps and postal history of Rwanda. The "Republic of Rwanda" is a landlocked country located in the Great Lakes region of eastern-central Africa, bordered by Uganda, Burundi, the Democratic Republic of the Congo and Tanzania.

neg: Geography of Botswana Botswana is a landlocked country located in Southern Africa, north of South Africa. Botswana occupies an area of 581730 km2 , of which 566730 km2 are land. Botswana has land boundaries of combined length 4347.15 km , of which the constituent boundaries are shared with Namibia, for 1544 km ; South Africa 1969 km ; Zimbabwe, 834 km and Zambia, 0.15 km . Much of the population of Botswana is concentrated in the eastern part of the country.

neg: Congo Free State The Congo Free State (French: "État indépendant du Congo" , "Independent State of the Congo", Dutch: "Kongo-Vrijstaat" ) was a large state in Central Africa from 1885 to 1908, which was in personal union with the Kingdom of Belgium under Leopold II. Leopold was able to procure the region by convincing the European community that he was involved in humanitarian and philanthropic work and would not tax trade. Via the International Association of the Congo he was able to lay claim to most of the Congo basin. On May 29, 1885, the king named his new colony the Congo Free State. The state would eventually include an area now held by the Democratic Republic of the Congo.

neg: Landlocked country A landlocked state or landlocked country is a sovereign state entirely enclosed by land, or whose only coastlines lie on closed seas. There are currently 49 such countries, including five partially recognised states. Only two, Bolivia and Paraguay in South America, lie outside Afro-Eurasia (the Old World).

neg: Acraea hamata Acraea hamata is a butterfly in the Nymphalidae family. It is found in the Democratic Republic of the Congo (from the eastern part of the country to Kivu), Uganda (from the south-western art of the country to Kigezi), Rwanda and Tanzania.

neg: Outline of Ethiopia Ethiopia is a landlocked sovereign country located in the Horn of Africa. Ethiopia is bordered by Eritrea to the north, Sudan to the west, South Sudan to the south-west, Kenya to the south, Somalia to the east and Djibouti to the north-east. Ethiopia is one of the oldest countries in the world and Africa's second-most populous nation. Ethiopia has yielded some of humanity's oldest traces, making the area important in the history of human evolution. Recent studies claim that the vicinity of present-day Addis Ababa was the point from which human beings migrated around the world. Ethiopian dynastic history traditionally began with the reign of Emperor Menelik I in 1000 BC. The roots of the Ethiopian state are similarly deep, dating with unbroken continuity to at least the Aksumite Empire (which adopted the name "Ethiopia" in the 4th century) and its predecessor state, D`mt (with early 1st millennium BC roots). After a period of decentralized power in the 18th and early 19th centuries known as the Zemene Mesafint ("Era of the Judges/Princes"), the country was reunited in 1855 by Kassa Hailu, who became Emperor Tewodros II, beginning Ethiopia's modern history. Ethiopia's borders underwent significant territorial expansion to its modern borders for the rest of the century, especially by Emperor Menelik II and Ras Gobena, culminating in its victory over the Italians at the Battle of Adwa in 1896 with the military leadership of Ras Makonnen, and ensuring its sovereignty and freedom from colonization. It was brutally occupied by Benito Mussolini's Fascist Italy from 1936 to 1941, ending with its liberation by British Empire and Ethiopian Patriot forces.


query: Tryphosa Bates-Batcheller is often mentioned in the same context as what American socialite and amateur soprano was known and mocked for her flamboyant performance costumes and notably poor singing ability

pos: Tryphosa Bates-Batcheller Tryphosa Bates-Batcheller (April 14, 1876–1952), born Tryphosa Duncan Bates, was an American socialite, club woman and concert singer. She is often mentioned in the same context as Florence Foster Jenkins: both are apt to be criticised as people who were publicly tolerated and even celebrated as singers due to their wealth and social position, despite a lack of talent.

pos: Florence Foster Jenkins Florence Foster Jenkins (born Narcissa Florence Foster; July 19, 1868 – November 26, 1944) was an American socialite and amateur soprano who was known and mocked for her flamboyant performance costumes and notably poor singing ability. The historian Stephen Pile ranked her "the world's worst opera singer". "No one, before or since," he wrote, "has succeeded in liberating themselves quite so completely from the shackles of musical notation."

neg: Giulia Frasi Giulia Frasi (fl. 1740–c.1772) was an Italian operatic soprano who was primarily active in the city of London. A student of educator and historian Charles Burney, Burney described her sound as "a sweet and clear voice, and a smooth and chaste style of singing, which, though cold and unimpassioned, pleased natural ears, and escaped the censure of critics."

neg: Marcia Van Dresser Marcia Van Dresser (1877 – July 11, 1937) was an American operatic soprano, recitalist and actress. She was sometimes referred to as a mezzo-soprano.

neg: Frances Ingram Elizabeth Frances Ingram (5 November 1888 – 12 April 1974) was an American operatic contralto of English birth who had an active career in North America during the 1910s and 1920s.

neg: Anna Nielsen (1803–1856) Anna Helena Dorothea Nielsen, née "Brenöe", (September 4, 1803 – July 20, 1856), was a Danish stage actress and opera singer (mezzo-soprano). She was one of the most famous female stage artists in Denmark of her time. She was a mentor for many talents, such as for example Louise Phister and her private home was a center of the theatre world.

neg: Elizabeth Austin (soprano) Elizabeth Austin (c.1800 – after 1835) was an English opera singer and actress who achieved particular fame in America, where between 1828 and 1835, she was considered the reigning prima donna of the day. Critics at the time compared her to Maria Malibran and commented on the remarkable purity and sweetness of her voice, which extended to nearly three octaves. Although trained in England, she was considered a supreme representative of the florid Italian singing style.

neg: Janet Baker Dame Janet Abbott Baker (born 21 August 1933) is an English mezzo-soprano best known as an opera, concert, and lieder singer.

neg: Café-chantant Café chantant (French: lit. "Singing café") is a type of musical establishment associated with the "belle époque" in France. Although there is much overlap of definition with cabaret, music hall, vaudeville, etc. the "café chantant" was originally an outdoor café where small groups of performers performed popular music for the public. The music was generally lighthearted, sometimes risqué, even bawdy but, as opposed to the cabaret tradition, not particularly political or confrontational.

neg: Alice Burville Alice Julia Burville (11 July 1856 – 4 July 1944) was an English soprano and actress, best known for her performances in Gilbert and Sullivan operas and other operettas in the 1870s and 1880s.

neg: Clara Bloodgood Clara Bloodgood (August 23, 1870 – December 5, 1907) was an American socialite who became a successful Broadway stage actress.

neg: Gemma Bellincioni Gemma Bellincioni (] ; 18 August 1864 – 23 April 1950) was an Italian soprano and one of the best-known opera singers of the late 19th century. She had a particular affinity with the verismo repertoire and was renowned more for her charismatic acting than for the quality of her voice.

neg: Dramatic soprano A dramatic soprano is a type of operatic soprano with a powerful, rich, emotive voice that can sing over, or cut through, a full orchestra. Thicker vocal folds in dramatic voices usually (but not always) mean less agility than lighter voices but a sustained, fuller sound. Usually this voice has a lower tessitura than other sopranos, and a darker timbre. They are often used for heroic, often long-suffering, tragic women of opera. Dramatic sopranos have a range from approximately low A (A) to "high C" (C). Some dramatic sopranos, known as Wagnerian sopranos, have an exceptionally big voice that can assert itself over a large orchestra (of more than 80 or even 100 pieces). These voices are substantial, often denser in tone, extremely powerful and, ideally, evenly balanced throughout the vocal registers. Wagnerian sopranos usually play mythic heroines. Successful Wagnerian sopranos are rare and often Wagnerian roles are performed by Italianate dramatic sopranos.

neg: Elizabeth Larner Elizabeth Larner (born 1931) is a British actress and a singer with a powerful soprano voice. While her main career was the musical theatre, appearing both in London's West End and on Broadway, she was a seemingly unlikely, but inspired, choice to play Ammonia in the BBC situation comedy "Up Pompeii!" - a role she made her own. She later appeared in "The Two Ronnies", supporting Ronnie Barker as "Piggy Malone" and Ronnie Corbett as "Charley Farley" in the 1981-2 comic detective mystery serial "Band of Slaves".

neg: Carrie Pringle Carrie Pringle (Caroline Mary Isabelle Pringle) (19 March 1859 – 12 November 1930) was an Austrian-born British soprano singer. She performed the role of one of the Flowermaidens in the 1882 premiere of Richard Wagner's "Parsifal" at the Bayreuth Festival. Unproven rumours associate Wagner's supposed infatuation with Pringle with the circumstances of his death in Venice in 1883.

neg: Margarita Salicola Margarita Salicola ("floruit" 1682 – 1706) was a famous opera singer of her time. She came from a family of musicians at the court of the Ferdinando Carlo Gonzaga, Duke of Mantua and became a staple of casts at San Giovanni Grisostomo, Venice's newest and most famous theater, in the 1680s. The earliest work with which she can be linked is Pietro Simone Agostini's "Il ratto delle sabine" ("The Rape of the Sabine Women"). She was especially praised for her appearance in the title role of Carlo Pallavicino's "Penelope la casta" ("The Chaste Penelope") in the winter of 1685. The Saxon elector Johann Georg III, in whose court Pallavicino already served, was so thrilled by her performance that he became intent to taking her and two "castrati" from the same cast into this service. After a staged "kidnapping," Salicola was escorted en route to Dresden by a Mantuan agent.

neg: Minstrel show The minstrel show, or minstrelsy, was an American form of racially charged entertainment developed in the early 19th century. Each show consisted of comic skits, variety acts, dancing, and music performances that mocked people specifically of African American descent. The shows were performed by white people in make-up or blackface for the purpose of playing the role of black people. There were also some African-American performers and all-black minstrel groups that formed and toured under the direction of white people.

neg: Alice May Alice May (1847 – 16 August 1887), sometimes known as Louise Allen, was an English singer and actress, perhaps best remembered as the creator of the soprano role of Aline in Gilbert and Sullivan's "The Sorcerer" (1877).

neg: Miss Havisham Miss Havisham is a character in the Charles Dickens novel "Great Expectations" (1861). She is a wealthy spinster, once jilted at the altar, who insists on wearing her wedding dress for the rest of her life. She lives in a ruined mansion with her adopted daughter, Estella. Dickens describes her as looking like "the witch of the place".

neg: Francia White Francia White (1909 - October 22, 1984) was an American soprano who had an active career in concerts, operas, operettas, radio, television, and film during the late 1920s through the 1940s. She began her career as a vaudeville performer in her late teens and then began singing in more serious classical music repertoire during the mid-1930s. She drew the attention of Hollywood and began working as a ghost singer for films in 1934. She soon broke into radio in 1935 and was highly active in that medium until 1941. On television she starred on the musical variety show, "The Bell Telephone Hour", from 1940-1942. In addition to her radio work, she is chiefly remembered for helping to launch Edwin Lester's Los Angeles Civic Light Opera in 1938 and was one of their main leading ladies up through 1942.

neg: Florence Macbeth Florence MacBeth (1889-1966), was an American operatic soprano.

neg: Rosa Ponselle Rosa Ponselle (January 22, 1897 – May 25, 1981), was an American operatic soprano with a large, opulent voice. She sang mainly at the New York Metropolitan Opera and is generally considered by music critics to have been one of the greatest sopranos of the past 100 years.


query: This American cooking-themed series presentor currently co-hosts a show with who?

pos: Southern at Heart Southern at Heart with Damaris Phillips, commonly known by its shortened title Southern at Heart, is an American cooking-themed series that aired on Food Network. The series was presented by chef Damaris Phillips, who came to prominence as the winner of the ninth season of the Food Network series "Food Network Star".

pos: Damaris Phillips Damaris Lennon Phillips (born December 8, 1980) is an American chef and television personality. In 2013 she won the ninth season of the Food Network television series "Food Network Star". She hosted the Food Network show "Southern at Heart" for five seasons from 2013 to 2016. She currently co-hosts "The Bobby and Damaris Show" on Food Network with Bobby Flay.

neg: Robert Irvine Robert Paul Irvine (born 24 September 1965) is an English celebrity chef who has appeared on and hosted a variety of Food Network programs including "", "Worst Cooks in America", "", "A Hero's Welcome, Operation Restaurant, All-Star Academy, Guy's Grocery Games, Chopped: Impossible" and "Restaurant Express".

neg: Scott Leibfried Scott David Leibfried (born March 9, 1971) is a chef and culinary consultant best known for his work hosting and participating in cooking-related competition programs "Hell's Kitchen" and the "Food Network Challenge". Leibfried was born in New York City as the youngest of five children.

neg: Raymon Kim Raymon Kim (; born May 5, 1975) is a South Korean-Canadian chef and television personality. He was a former cast member of the variety show "Law of the Jungle in Indochina" (episodes 154 – 162). He also hosted "Sam and Raymon Cooking Time" from 2011 to 2012 with Sam Kim.

neg: Jason Cameron Jason Cameron (born April 19, 1969) is an American television presenter and actor most notable for his role on the TLC reality show, "While You Were Out" and is currently hosting "Man Caves" and "Desperate Landscapes" for the DIY Network.

neg: What Would Brian Boitano Make? What Would Brian Boitano Make? is a cooking show on Food Network hosted by Brian Boitano. It first aired on August 23, 2009. The show features Boitano cooking several dishes and then entertaining his friends. Boitano is a self-taught cook, who started cooking in earnest at age 25.

neg: Lizz Winstead Lizz Winstead (born August 5, 1961) is an American comedian, radio, and television personality, and blogger. A native of Minnesota, Winstead is the co-creator of "The Daily Show" along with Madeleine Smithberg, and served as head writer.

neg: Michael Chiarello Michael Chiarello (born January 26, 1962) is an American celebrity chef specializing in Italian-influenced California cuisine. He hosts the cooking show, "Easy Entertaining with Michael Chiarello", on the Food Network and hosts "NapaStyle" on the Fine Living Network. Chiarello owns a winery, Chiarello Family Vineyards, Bottega Ristorante and NapaStyle, a purveyor of food, cookware, and furniture in Yountville, and was a competitor on the fourth season of "The Next Iron Chef", where he placed as the second runner up. In spring 2013, Michael opened Coqueta, a tapas restaurant on San Francisco's waterfront.

neg: Lisa Ling Lisa J. Ling (born August 30, 1973) is an American journalist, television presenter, and author. She is currently the host of "This Is Life with Lisa Ling" on CNN. She is the former host of "Our America with Lisa Ling" on OWN: The Oprah Winfrey Network, former co-host of ABC's "The View" (from 1999–2002), host of "National Geographic Explorer", reporter on Channel One News, and special correspondent for "The Oprah Winfrey Show" and CNN. She was the host of reality television show "The Job". Ling is the older sister of journalist Laura Ling.

neg: Todd English William Todd English (born August 29, 1960) is an American celebrity chef, restaurateur, author, and television personality, based in Boston, Massachusetts. He is best known for his TV cooking show, "Food Trip with Todd English", on PBS. In 2005 he was a judge on the PBS show "Cooking Under Fire".

neg: Giada in Paradise Giada in Paradise is a show that debuted on the Food Network on June 16, 2007. The series features host Giada De Laurentiis exploring food and culture at her favorite vacation destinations. In 2012, the series switched to the Cooking Channel, where, as of May 25, 2013, five more episodes have aired. In 2014, the series won a Daytime Creative Arts Emmy Award for Outstanding Special Class Directing (Anne Fox), Single Camera Photography, and Single Camera Editing.

neg: Aaron Faulls Aaron Faulls (born February 6, 1975), is an American television personality, filmmaker, musician and marine conservationist. He is best known for his role as the original host of the television series Into The Drink, a Travel documentary-style series based around Faulls's background as an underwater filmmaker and journalist. He is also known for his appearances on "Gangland", a documentary television series on the History Channel.

neg: Fixing Dinner Fixing Dinner is a Canadian food reality television series on Food Network Canada, airing on AmericanLife in the United States. Host Sandi Richard comes "to the rescue" of a family that can't cope with making healthy, fresh dinners, and teaches how to counteract their lack of time.

neg: Amazing Eats Amazing Eats is an American food reality television series that premiered on January 11, 2012 on the Travel Channel. The program is hosted by actor and food enthusiast Adam Richman. In each episode, Richman tracks down cuisines of the United States.

neg: Addicted to Food Addicted to Food is an American reality documentary television series created and produced by Brad Lamm, on the Oprah Winfrey Network that debuted on February 24, 2011.

neg: Miguel Maestre Miguel Maestre, born 5 November 1979 in Murcia, Spain to Florentina and Antonio Luis, is a Spanish-born Australian chef, restaurateur, author and television personality. Maestre is best known for presenting TV programmes such as "Miguel's Feast", "Miguel's Tropical Kitchen" and "Boys Weekend", and co-hosting the lifestyle television series "The Living Room".

neg: Next Great Baker Next Great Baker (also known as Cake Boss: Next Great Baker) is an American television series that airs on TLC, hosted by Buddy Valastro, the star of his own reality series, "Cake Boss". The show features contestants participating in challenges that test their edible art baking and decorating skills. Each week, a contestant will be eliminated; the last contestant standing will win a grand prize package that varies by season. Other prizes for winning a challenge or the week's competition are also offered during the series.

neg: Shawnae Dixon Shawnae Marie Dixon is an African-American professional chef, cookbook author, and owner of "SayGraceNYC". She was born Shawnae Marie Mosley McCombs in Staten Island, New York in 1976. Today Dixon is sought by celebrity clients worldwide to cater, host, and prepare her signature dishes for both private and public settings. Dixon speaks and appears as an celebrity chef for many syndicated radio and television programs in the U.S. Her first book, "With this Plate I Thee Wed...", with a foreword by Lamont Renzo Bracy, is set to be released in 2017 by Amazon Publishing. In addition to touring and book signings, Dixon is a regular guest chef on numerous TV shows with an reoccurring role as guest chef on Jack Thriller Party and Bullshit show.

neg: Sara Haines Sara Hilary Haines (born September 18, 1977) is an American television host and journalist, known for her work as a correspondent on "Today", "ABC News", and "Good Morning America". Haines is currently a co-host of "The View".

neg: Zamir Gotta Iazamir "Zamir" Gotta (Russian: Язамир Готта) is a Russian producer and broadcaster. He is best known as the travelling companion of American chef Anthony Bourdain in his Travel Channel TV show , when they traveled to Uzbekistan, Russia and Romania and later in the U.S. Rust Belt, Ukraine, and Kansas City. They originally met during a two-part episode in Saint Petersburg, Russia for Bourdain's earlier series, "A Cook's Tour" which aired on the Food Network in 2000.

neg: Hilah Johnson Hilah Johnson is an American chef, Internet personality, and author from Austin, Texas. She is best known for her YouTube series "Hilah Cooking".


query: WHen did the person who hosted Scarborough Country serve in the House of Representatives?

pos: Scarborough Country Scarborough Country was an opinion/analysis show broadcast on MSNBC Monday to Thursday at 9 P.M. ET. It was hosted by former congressman Joe Scarborough.

pos: Joe Scarborough Charles Joseph Scarborough ( ; born April 9, 1963) is an American cable news and talk radio host. He is currently the co-host of "Morning Joe" on MSNBC, and previously hosted "Scarborough Country" on the same channel. Scarborough was previously a lawyer and a politician, and served in the United States House of Representatives from 1995 to 2001 as a Republican from the 1st district of Florida.

neg: Jimmy Naifeh James O. Naifeh (born June 16, 1939), usually known as Jimmy Naifeh, is an American politician and member of the Democratic Party from the State of Tennessee. He served as the Speaker of the Tennessee House of Representatives from 1991 to 2009, serving longer in that position than anyone else in Tennessee history.

neg: Cliff Stearns Clifford Bundy "Cliff" Stearns, Sr. (born April 16, 1941) was the U.S. Representative for  's 6 congressional district from 1989 to 2013. He is a member of the Republican Party.

neg: Buck McKeon Howard Philip "Buck" McKeon (born September 9, 1938) is a former U.S. Representative, serving from 1993–2015. He is a member of the Republican Party. He was a former chairman of the House Armed Services Committee.

neg: Blaine Eaton Blaine "Bo" Eaton II (born September 11, 1967) is an American politician, farmer, and logger. He is a former member of the Mississippi House of Representatives from the 79th District, serving from 1996 to 2016. He is a member of the Democratic Party.

neg: James Shannon James Michael Shannon (born April 4, 1952), is a Democratic politician from Massachusetts. He served in the U.S. House of Representatives from 1979 to 1985, and later as the Massachusetts Attorney General.

neg: Rick Crawford (politician) Eric Alan Crawford, known as Rick Crawford (born January 22, 1966), is an American politician who has been the U.S. Representative for 2=nd

neg: Ronna Romney Ronna Romney (born Ronna Eileen Stern; September 24, 1943) is an American Republican politician and radio talk show host.

neg: Linwood M. Higgins Linwood M. Higgins (born January 11, 1948) is an American politician from Maine. Higgins, a Republican from Scarborough, served 8 terms (1974-1990) in the Maine House of Representatives. From 1980 to 1984, Higgins served as Minority Leader of the Maine House.

neg: Ralph Hall Ralph Moody Hall (born May 3, 1923) is an American politician who served as the United States Representative for  's 4 congressional district from 1981 to 2015. He was first elected in 1980, and was the chairman of the House Committee on Science, Space and Technology from 2011 to 2013. He was also a member of the Committee on Energy and Commerce. In 2004, he switched to the Republican Party after having been a member of the Democratic Party for more than 50 years.

neg: Maria Minna Maria Minna, PC, (born March 14, 1948) is a former Canadian politician who represented the Toronto riding of Beaches—East York in the House of Commons as a member of the Liberal Party from 1993 to 2011.

neg: Fred Grandy Fredrick Lawrence "Fred" Grandy (born June 29, 1948) is an American actor best known for his role as "Gopher" on the sitcom "The Love Boat" and who later became a member of the United States House of Representatives from the state of Iowa. Grandy was most recently the host of "The Grandy Group", a morning drive time radio talk show on 630 WMAL in Washington, D.C.

neg: Raymond Gallison Raymond E. Gallison, Jr. (born March 23, 1952 in Providence, Rhode Island) is an American politician and a former Democratic member of the Rhode Island House of Representatives representing District 69 since January 2003. Gallison served consecutively from January 2001 until January 2016 in the District 91 seat.

neg: Raúl Labrador Raúl Rafael Labrador (born December 8, 1967) is an American politician of Puerto Rican descent, who has been the U.S. Representative for 2=nd

neg: Jase Bolger James "Jase" Bolger (born February 2, 1971) served as the 71st Speaker of the Michigan House of Representatives from January 12, 2011 to the end of 2014 session. Bolger is a member of the Republican Party, and represented Michigan's 63rd house district from 2009 to 2014. After being term limited out, he founded a consulting firm, Tusker Strategies.

neg: Robert Dold Robert James "Bob" Dold Jr. (born June 23, 1969) was the U.S. Representative for Illinois 's 10 congressional district from 2011 to 2013 and again from 2015 to 2017. He is a member of the Republican Party. Prior to his election, Dold ran his family-owned business, Rose Pest Solutions. In 2010, Dold defeated Democratic Party nominee Dan Seals to replace Republican incumbent Mark Kirk in the U.S. House of Representatives. Dold was narrowly defeated by Democrat Brad Schneider in 2012, but regained the seat in 2014, defeating Schneider in a rematch. He was again defeated by Schneider in 2016 in a third contest between the two.

neg: Dan Cullinane Daniel R. Cullinane is an American politician serving in the Massachusetts House of Representatives since September 2013. He is a Boston resident from the neighborhood of Dorchester and a member of the Democratic Party.

neg: Scarborough—Guildwood Scarborough—Guildwood is a federal electoral district in Toronto, Ontario, Canada, that has been represented in the House of Commons of Canada since 2004.

neg: Jason Lewis (Minnesota politician) Jason Mark Lewis (born September 23, 1955) is an American politician and Republican Party member currently serving as a U.S. Representative for Minnesota's 2nd congressional district. Prior to being elected, Lewis was a radio talk show host, political commentator, and writer. He hosted "The Jason Lewis Show" from 2009 through 2014.

neg: Steve Owens (politician) Stephen David Owens (September 21, 1956 – July 8, 2016) was a politician from Ontario, Canada. He was a New Democratic member of the Legislative Assembly of Ontario from 1990 to 1995 who represented the Toronto riding of Scarborough Centre. He served as a cabinet minister in the government of Bob Rae.

neg: Sander Levin Sander Martin Levin (born September 6, 1931) is an American politician who has served in the United States House of Representatives since 1983, representing  's 9 congressional district . Levin, a member of the Democratic Party from Michigan, is the former ranking member on the House Ways and Means Committee; he was Chairman of the Ways and Means Committee from 2010 to 2011.


query: What city is the political capital of the country in which Katiola Department is found?

pos: Katiola Department Katiola Department is a department of Hambol Region in Vallée du Bandama District, Ivory Coast. In 2014, its population was 106,905 and its seat is the settlement of Katiola. The sub-prefectures of the department are Fronan, Katiola, and Timbé.

pos: Ivory Coast Ivory Coast ( ) or Côte d'Ivoire ( ; ] ), officially the Republic of Côte d'Ivoire (French: "République de Côte d'Ivoire" ), is a country located in West Africa. Ivory Coast's political capital is Yamoussoukro, and its economic capital and largest city is the port city of Abidjan. Its bordering countries are Guinea and Liberia in the west, Burkina Faso and Mali in the north, and Ghana in the east. The Gulf of Guinea (Atlantic Ocean) is located south of Ivory Coast.

neg: Puerto Madryn Puerto Madryn (] ; Welsh: "Porth Madryn") is a city in the province of Chubut in Argentine Patagonia. It is the capital of the Biedma Department, and has about 93,995 inhabitants according to the last census in 2010.

neg: Ibadan Ibadan (Yoruba: "Ìbàdàn" ) is the capital of Oyo State, Nigeria and the most populous city in the state with a population of over 3 million. It is the third most populous city in Nigeria, after Lagos and Kano; it is the country's largest city by geographical area. At the time of Nigeria's independence in 1960, Ibadan was the largest and most populous city in the country, and the second most populous in Africa after Cairo.

neg: Granada Department Granada (] ) is a department in Nicaragua. It covers an area of 929 km² and has a population of 190,600 (2005 census). The capital is the city of Granada, one of North America's oldest cities

neg: Putumayo Department Putumayo (] ) is a department of Colombia. It is in the south-west of the country, bordering Ecuador and Peru. Its capital is Mocoa.

neg: León Department León (] ) is a department in Nicaragua. It covers an area of 5,107 km² and has a population of 389,600 (2005 census). The capital is the city of León.

neg: Geography of Paraguay Paraguay is a landlocked country in South America, bordering Brazil, Argentina and Bolivia. The Paraguay River (Spanish: "Río Paraguay") divides the country into strikingly different eastern and western regions. Both the eastern region (officially called Eastern Paraguay, "Paraguay Oriental", and known as the Paraneña region) and the western region (officially Western Paraguay, "Paraguay Occidental", and known as the Chaco) gently slope toward and are drained into the Paraguay River, which separates and unifies the two regions. With the Paraneña region reaching southward and the Chaco extending to the north, Paraguay straddles the Tropic of Capricorn and experiences both subtropical and tropical climates.

neg: Nacaome Nacaome is the capital city of the Valle department of Honduras. It is a manufacturing and commercial center located on the banks of the Nacaome River.

neg: Gachetá Gachetá is a municipality and town of Colombia, capital of the Guavio Province, part of the department of Cundinamarca. The urban centre of Gachetá is situated at an altitude of 1745 m in the Eastern Ranges of the Colombian Andes. The municipality borders Machetá and Manta in the north, the department of Boyacá and Ubalá in the east, Gama and Junín in the south and Guatavita in the west.

neg: La Paz La Paz, ( ), officially known as Nuestra Señora de La Paz (] ; "English: Our Lady of Peace "), also named Chuqi Yapu (Chuquiago) in Aymara, is the seat of government of the Plurinational State of Bolivia. With an estimated 789,541 residents as of 2015, La Paz is the third-most populous city in Bolivia (after Santa Cruz de la Sierra and El Alto).

neg: Bucaramanga Bucaramanga is the capital city of the department of Santander, Colombia. Bucaramanga has the fifth largest economy by GDP in Colombia, has the lowest unemployment rate and has the ninth largest population in the country, with 521,857 people. Bucaramanga has over 160 parks scattered throughout the city and has been given the nickname "La Ciudad de Los Parques" ("The City of Parks") and "La Ciudad Bonita de Colombia" ("Colombia's Beautiful City").

neg: Gaya, Niger Gaya is a city in the Dosso Region of Niger. The city is situated 254 km southeast of the capital, Niamey, is located on the banks of the Niger River, and is near the borders with Benin and Nigeria. Gaya has a population of 28,385 (2001 census). The wettest area in Niger, Gaya averages 800 mm in rainfall a year.

neg: Montería Montería is a municipality and city located in northern Colombia and is the capital of the Department of Córdoba. The city is located 50 km away from the Caribbean sea, by the Sinú River. The city and region are famous for their distinct cultural heritages, which include a blend of indigenous Zenú Indians, African descendants, colonial Spanish descendants, and more recently, Arab immigrants. The city is home to the Sombrero Vueltiao, a national symbol; and is the home of Porro folklore music. The city has an inland seaport connected to the Caribbean Sea by the Sinú River.

neg: Zacatelco Zacatelco (] ) is a city and capital of Zacatelco municipality located south of the state of Tlaxcala. According to the population census conducted by the National Institute of Statistics and Geography 2010, the city has a population of 38.466 people, it is the sixth most populous city in the state and is part of the Metropolitan area of Puebla. The city is also head of the third electoral district of Tlaxcala.

neg: Metro Manila Metropolitan Manila (Filipino: "Kalakhang Maynila, Kamaynilaan" ), commonly known as Metro Manila or simply Manila, is the official and administrative definition of the urban area surrounding the Philippine capital city, Manila. It is the capital region of the Philippines, the seat of government, and the second-most populous and most densely populated region of the country. Also officially known as the National Capital Region (NCR), it is composed of the City of Manila, Quezon City, the country's most populous city, and the cities of Caloocan, Las Piñas, Makati, Malabon, Mandaluyong, Marikina, Muntinlupa, Navotas, Parañaque, Pasay, Pasig, San Juan, Taguig, and Valenzuela, including the only remaining municipality of Pateros.

neg: Peru Peru ( ; Spanish: "Perú" ] ; Quechua: "Piruw" ] ; Aymara: "Piruw" ] ), officially the Republic of Peru (Spanish:    ), is a country in western South America. It is bordered in the north by Ecuador and Colombia, in the east by Brazil, in the southeast by Bolivia, in the south by Chile, and in the west by the Pacific Ocean. Peru is an extremely biodiverse country with habitats ranging from the arid plains of the Pacific coastal region in the west to the peaks of the Andes mountains vertically extending from the north to the southeast of the country to the tropical Amazon Basin rainforest in the east with the Amazon river.

neg: Natalio Natalio is a town in the Itapúa department of Paraguay. It is located in the South-East of the country, with the town center located just 10 km from the Paraná River and the border with Argentina. The district lies 45 km off Route 6 which connects departmental capitals Encarnación and Ciudad del Este. The town is located in a fertile agricultural region. Local crops are soy, corn, wheat, tung, sorghum, and cotton. Natalio's slogan is "the Capital of Soy".

neg: Ayopaya Ayopaya or Independencia is a town in the Cochabamba Department, Bolivia. It is the capital of the Ayopaya Province and Ayopaya Municipality. At the time of census 2001 it had a population of 2,014.

neg: Escuintla Department Escuintla (] ) is one of the 22 departments of Guatemala. The capital of the department is the city of Escuintla. Escuintla covers an area of 4,384 km² and is situated in the coastal lowland region, directly south of Guatemala City, and bordered by the Pacific Ocean. Escuintla produces about 43 percent of gross domestic product of Guatemala.

neg: Mérida, Yucatán Mérida (] ) is the capital and largest city of the Mexican state of Yucatán as well as the largest city of the Yucatán Peninsula. It is located in the northwest part of the state, about 35 km from the Gulf of Mexico coast. The city is also the municipal seat of the Municipality of Mérida, which includes the city and the areas around it.

neg: Chos Malal Chos Malal is the capital city of the Chos Malal Department in Neuquén Province, Argentina.