query: Are Schwantesia and Campsis both varieties of plant?

pos: Schwantesia Schwantesia is a genus of plant in the family Aizoaceae. It is named in honor of the German botanist and archaeologist Gustav Schwantes (1881 - 1960).

pos: Campsis Campsis (trumpet creeper, trumpet vine) is a genus of flowering plants in the family Bignoniaceae, native to woodland in China and North America. It consists of two species, both of which are vigorous deciduous perennial climbers, clinging by aerial roots, and producing large trumpet-shaped flowers in the summer. They are hardy but require the shelter of a warm wall in full sun.

neg: Phyllanthus Phyllanthus is the largest genus in the flowering plant family Phyllanthaceae. Estimates of the number species in this genus vary widely, from 750 to 1200. "Phyllanthus" has a remarkable diversity of growth forms including annual and perennial herbs, shrubs, climbers, floating aquatics, and pachycaulous succulents. Some have flattened leaflike stems called cladodes. It has a wide variety of floral morphologies and chromosome numbers and has one of the widest range of pollen types of any seed plant genus.

neg: Schwalbea Schwalbea americana, commonly known as American chaffseed, is the sole species currently classified in the genus Schwalbea. It is an erect, hemiparasitic, perennial herb in the broomrape family. It is native to the southeastern United States where it is found in wet acidic grasslands. This species has declined tremendously from its historical range due to fire suppression, and it is currently listed as "Endangered" by the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service.

neg: Xanthorrhoea preissii Xanthorrhoea preissii (synonyms "X. pecoris", "X. reflexa"), with the common name balga, is a widespread species of perennial monocot in Southwest Australia. This plant, and other members of the genus "Xanthorrhoea", are also known as blackboys or grasstrees. The form of the plant resembles a tree, with very long and bunched, grass-like, leaves that emerge from a central base.

neg: Phyteuma scheuchzeri Phyteuma scheuchzeri, the Oxford rampion or horned rampion, is a perennial herbaceous flowering plant in the family Campanulaceae.

neg: Scurfpea A scurfpea is a legume that may belong to any of several genera of plants, including:

neg: Brunonia Brunonia australis, commonly known as the blue pincushion or native cornflower, is a perennial herb that grows widely across Australia. It is found in woodlands, open forest and sand plains. In the Cronquist system's classification scheme it was the sole member of the monogeneric plant family Brunoniaceae before the APG II system moved it into Goodeniaceae.

neg: Schlegelia Schlegelia is a group of plants described as a genus in 1844.

neg: Pouteria campechiana The canistel ("Pouteria campechiana") is an evergreen tree native to southern Mexico and Central America. It is cultivated in other countries, such as Brazil, Taiwan, Vietnam, Indonesia, Sri Lanka and the Philippines for its fruit.

neg: Acis (plant) Acis is a genus of perennial, herbaceous and bulbous plants in the amaryllis family (Amaryllidaceae, subfamily Amaryllidoideae). The genus consists of nine species distributed in Europe and Northern Africa. "Acis" was previously included in "Leucojum"; both genera are known as snowflakes.

neg: Scaphispatha gracilis Scaphispatha gracilis is a species in the family Araceae. This species is native to Brazil and Bolivia, and has peltate leaves that resembles those in the genus Caladium. The species was described by Heinrich Wilhelm Schott in 1860 after he received an inflorescence of the plant. He had not however seen the plant itself and it was not rediscovered until 1976 when Joseph Bogner collected tubers from the plant and successfully flowered them at the Munich Botanic Garden. Upon seeing the inflorescence it was realized that this was the plant Schott had originally described.

neg: Capparis Capparis is a flowering plant genus in the family Capparaceae which is included in the Brassicaceae in the unrevised APG II system. These plants are shrubs or lianas and are collectively known as caper shrubs or caperbushes. "Capparis" species occur over a wide range of habitat in the subtropical and tropical zones.

neg: Scuticaria (plant) Scuticaria is a genus of orchids comprising 9 species native to Belize, Brazil, Ecuador, French Guiana, Guyana, Peru, Suriname and Venezuela. Members of this genus have showy flowers and long cylindrical leaves. They are epiphytic, occasionally lithophytic or terrestrial, that grow pending and are cespitously, or reptant and ascending, which exist is three isolated areas of South America, in Ecuador, Amazon Forest and Serra do Mar and Serra da Mantiqueira mountains, in Brazil, both in shady and sunny places.

neg: Scholtzia teretifolia Scholtzia teretifolia is a shrub species in the family Myrtaceae that is endemic to Western Australia.

neg: Tanacetum camphoratum Tanacetum camphoratum is a species of flowering plant in the aster family known by the common names camphor tansy and dune tansy. It is native to the Pacific Coast of North America from British Columbia to California, where it grows in sand dunes and other coastline habitat. This species may be known by the synonym "Tanacetum douglasii" and is often included in "Tanacetum bipinnatum". It is a rhizomatous perennial herb with a thick, low-lying stem up to 25 centimeters long, branching to form a mass of vegetation. It is hairy, glandular, and aromatic, with a camphor scent. The leaves are up to 25 centimeters long and thick but featherlike, divided into many narrow leaflets on each side of the main rachis. Each leaflet in turn has many segments along each side, and the segments are usually divided into several small, knobby segments with folded or curled edges. The inflorescence bears up to 15 flower heads, each about a centimeter wide or slightly wider. Each head contains many yellowish disc florets and many pistillate florets around the edges. The latter may have minute ray florets. The fruit is an achene a few millimeters long which is tipped with a small pappus of toothed scales.

neg: Iris arenaria Iris arenaria (sand iris) is a species in the genus "Iris"; it is also in the subgenus of Iris and in the "Psammiris" section. It is a rhizomatous perennial, from Central Europe, found in Hungary, Austria, Romania, Czech Republic and Ukraine. It has grass-like leaves, a short stem and pale yellow flowers. It has had a mixed origin and was once "Iris humilis subsp. arenaria", a subspecies of "Iris humilis" (another Psammiris iris), until it was reclassified as a separate species. But many sources still state that it is either a synonym or subspecies of "Iris humilis". It is cultivated as an ornamental plant in temperate regions.

neg: Microseris sylvatica Microseris sylvatica is a species of flowering plant in the aster family known by the common names sylvan scorzonella and woodland silverpuffs. It is endemic to California, where it has a scattered distribution throughout the central California Coast Ranges and inland mountain ranges, including the Sierra Nevada of the state. Its habitat includes grassland and openings in wooded areas.

neg: Cornaceae Cornaceae is a cosmopolitan family of flowering plants in the order Cornales. It contains approximately 85 species in two genera, "Alangium" and "Cornus". They are mostly trees and shrubs, which may be deciduous or evergreen, although a few species are perennial herbs. Members of the family usually have opposite or alternate simple leaves, four- or five-parted flowers clustered in inflorescences or pseudanthia, and drupaceous fruits. In northern temperate areas, Cornaceae are well known from the dogwoods "Cornus".

neg: Schenkia australis Schenkia australis is a species of annual herb in the Gentianaceae family. It is endemic to Australia.

neg: Scaphispatha Scaphispatha is a genus of flowering plants in the family Araceae. It contains two species, "S. gracilis" and "S. robusta". The genus was believed to be monotypic until 2003 when a new species, "S. robusta" was discovered by Eduardo Gomes Gonçalves in northern Brazil. The plant had been grown in cultivation for some years, but had always been assumed to be a "Caladium" until it flowered.

neg: Geogenanthus poeppigii Geogenanthus poeppigii, commonly called the seersucker plant, is a flowering plant species in the family "Commelinaceae" (the dayflower & spiderwort family). As currently circumscribed, the genus "Geogenanthus" includes two other species, "G. ciliatus" and "G. rhizanthus". This species is named after E.F. Poeppig, 19th century German explorer. "Geogenanthus undatus" is an outdated synonym for "G. poeppigii". For more details on the rather complicated synonmy for this species, see Faden (1981).


query: WLYN is a station is licensed to the largest city in what county?

pos: WLYN WLYN is a brokered time ethnic radio station in the Boston market. The station is licensed to Lynn, Massachusetts, and is owned by Multicultural Broadcasting. Its programming is broadcast on 1360 kHz on the AM band. WLYN had broadcast in AM Stereo until the end of 2006.

pos: Lynn, Massachusetts Lynn is the 9th largest municipality in Massachusetts and the largest city in Essex County. Situated on the Atlantic Ocean, approximately 10 mi north of downtown Boston, Lynn is part of Greater Boston's urban inner core. An early colonial settlement and industrial center, Lynn was long colloquially referred to as the "City of Sin," owing to its historic reputation for crime and vice. Today, however, the city is known for its large international population, historic architecture, downtown cultural district, loft-style apartments, and public parks and open spaces, which include the oceanfront Lynn Shore Reservation; the 2,200-acre, Frederick Law Olmsted-designed Lynn Woods Reservation; and the High Rock Tower Reservation. The city also is home to the southernmost portion of the Essex Coastal Scenic Byway, Lynn Heritage State Park, and the National Register-listed Diamond Historic District.

neg: WLKS-FM WLKS-FM (102.9 FM) is a radio station broadcasting a Country music format. Licensed to West Liberty, Kentucky, USA. The station is currently owned by Morgan County Industries, Inc.

neg: Bloomington, Indiana Bloomington is a city in and the county seat of Monroe County in the southern region of the U.S. state of Indiana. It is the seventh-largest city in Indiana and the fourth-largest outside the Indianapolis metropolitan area. According to the Monroe County History Center, Bloomington is known as the "Gateway to Scenic Southern Indiana." The city was established in 1818 by a group of settlers from Kentucky, Tennessee, the Carolinas and Virginia who were so impressed with "a haven of blooms" that they called it Bloomington.

neg: West Carrollton, Ohio West Carrollton is a city in Montgomery County, Ohio, United States. The population was 13,143 at the 2010 census. It is part of the Dayton Metropolitan Statistical Area. The Great Miami River runs through the town and forms most of its northern border.

neg: Monmouth County, New Jersey Monmouth County is a county located in Central New Jersey, in the United States within the New York metropolitan area, and the northernmost county along the Jersey Shore. As of the 2016 Census estimate, the county's population was 625,846, making it the state's fifth-most populous county, representing a decrease of 0.7% from the 2010 Census, when the population was enumerated at 630,380, in turn an increase of 15,079 from 615,301 at the 2000 Census. As of 2010, the county fell to the fifth-most populous county in the state, having been surpassed by Hudson County. Its county seat is Freehold Borough. The most populous place was Middletown Township, with 66,522 residents at the time of the 2010 Census, while Howell Township covered 61.21 sqmi , the largest total area of any municipality.

neg: Taylorville, Illinois Taylorville is a city in and the county seat of Christian County, Illinois, United States. The population was 11,427 at the 2000 census, making it the county's largest city.

neg: Nashville, Illinois Nashville is a city in Washington County, Illinois, United States. As of the 2010 census, the city population was 3,258. It is the county seat of Washington County.

neg: Charlotte, North Carolina Charlotte is the largest city in the state of North Carolina. It is the county seat of Mecklenburg County. In 2016, the U.S. Census Bureau estimated the population was 842,051, making it the 17th-largest city in the United States based on population. The Charlotte metropolitan area ranks 22nd-largest in the U.S., and had a 2016 population of 2,474,314. The Charlotte metropolitan area is part of a sixteen-county market region or combined statistical area with a 2016 U.S. Census population estimate of 2,632,249. Between 2004 and 2014, Charlotte was ranked as the country's fastest growing metro area, with 888,000 new residents. Based on U.S. Census data from 2005 to 2015, it also tops the 50 largest U.S. cities as the millennial hub. It is the second-largest city in the southeastern United States, just behind Jacksonville, Florida. It is the third-fastest growing major city in the United States. It is listed as a "gamma-minus" global city by the Globalization and World Cities Research Network. Residents are referred to as "Charlotteans".

neg: Brunswick, Ohio Brunswick ( or ) is the largest city in Medina County, Ohio, United States. The population was 34,255 at the 2010 census. It is part of the Cleveland Metropolitan Area.

neg: West Peoria, Illinois West Peoria is a city in Peoria County, Illinois, United States. The population was 4,762 at the 2000 census. West Peoria is a suburb of Peoria and is part of the Peoria, Illinois Metropolitan Statistical Area.

neg: KLYN-LP KLYN-LP (95.7 FM) is a radio station broadcasting a Religious radio format. Licensed to Las Vegas, New Mexico, United States. The station is currently owned by The Rock Christian Outreach. Prior to this, the KLYN callsign belonged to Crista Ministries' Praise 106.5 in Lynden, Washington. That station eventually adopted the callsign of KWPZ.

neg: Loudoun County, Virginia Loudoun County ( ) is a county in the Commonwealth of Virginia. In 2015, the population was estimated at 375,629, making it Virginia's third-most populous county. Loudoun's county seat is Leesburg. Loudoun County is part of the Washington–Arlington–Alexandria, DC–VA–MD–WV Metropolitan Statistical Area.

neg: Huntsville, Alabama Huntsville is a city located primarily in Madison County in the Appalachian region of northern Alabama. Huntsville is the county seat of Madison County. The city extends west into neighboring Limestone County. Huntsville's population was 180,105 as of the 2010 census. Huntsville is the third-largest city in Alabama and the largest city in the five-county Huntsville-Decatur-Albertville, AL Combined Statistical Area, which at the 2013 census estimate had a total population of 683,871. The Huntsville Metropolitan Area's population was 417,593 in 2010 to become the 2nd largest in Alabama. Huntsville metro's population reached 441,000 by 2014.

neg: Woodlyn, Pennsylvania Woodlyn is a census-designated place (CDP) in Delaware County, Pennsylvania, United States. The population was 9,485 at the 2010 census, down from 10,036 at the 2000 census. It is a part of Ridley Township, and children residing within the community generally attend schools in the Ridley School District. Woodlyn is served by the Woodlyn Fire Co. for fire, rescue and EMS services.

neg: WKWN WKWN (1420 AM) is a radio station broadcasting a News Talk Information format, and is licensed to Trenton, Georgia, US. The station is currently owned by Dade County Broadcasting, Inc. and features programming from Fox News Radio, Salem Communications and Westwood One.

neg: Millville, New Jersey Millville is a city in Cumberland County, New Jersey, United States. As of the 2010 United States Census, the city's population was 28,400, reflecting an increase of 1,553 (+5.8%) from the 26,847 counted in the 2000 Census, which had in turn increased by 855 (+3.3%) from the 25,992 counted in the 1990 Census. Millville, Bridgeton and Vineland are the three principal New Jersey cities of the Vineland-Millville-Bridgeton Primary Metropolitan Statistical Area which encompasses those cities and all of Cumberland County for statistical purposes.

neg: Oaklyn, New Jersey Oaklyn is a borough in Camden County, New Jersey, United States. As of the 2010 United States Census, the borough's population was 4,038, reflecting a decline of 150 (-3.6%) from the 4,188 counted in the 2000 Census, which had in turn declined by 242 (-5.5%) from the 4,430 counted in the 1990 Census.

neg: Gaslyn, Wisconsin Gaslyn is an unincorporated community in the town of Rusk, Burnett County, Wisconsin, United States. Gaslyn is located along County Highway H to the south of Gaslyn Lake. The community is part of the reservation of the St. Croix Chippewa Indians of Wisconsin.

neg: WIOK WIOK (107.5 FM) is an American radio station in Falmouth, Kentucky. The station plays a Southern Gospel format. The station is owned and operated by the Hammond Broadcasting, Inc. It broadcasts with an effective radiated power of 6000 watts in southern Pendleton County, Kentucky. The station's range covers the corridor between Cincinnati, Ohio and Lexington, Kentucky.

neg: WWNL WWNL is a Christian radio station based in Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, United States. The station, which is owned by Steel City Radio, Inc., broadcasts at 1080 kHz with a daytime power of 50,000 watts (25,000 watts during critical hours).

neg: Morgantown, West Virginia Morgantown is a city in and the county seat of Monongalia County, West Virginia, situated along the banks of the Monongahela River. With a permanent population of 31,073 per the 2015 U.S. Census estimates, Morgantown is the largest city in North-Central West Virginia. The Morgantown metropolitan area has a population of 138,176, and is the 3rd largest in West Virginia. West Virginia University adds several thousand seasonal residents to the city and surrounding area from September through May. Morgantown is best known as the home of West Virginia University and the Morgantown Personal Rapid Transit system.


query: Who has a wider scope of profession, Tom Forman or Richard Linklater?

pos: Tom Forman (actor) Tom Forman (February 22, 1893 – November 7, 1926) was an American motion picture actor, director, writer, and producer of the early 1920s.

pos: Richard Linklater Richard Stuart Linklater ( ; born July 30, 1960) is an American filmmaker, screenwriter, and actor. Linklater is mostly known for his realistic and natural humanist films which mainly revolve around suburban culture and the effects of the passage of time. Some notable films of his include the observational comedy film "Slacker" (1990), the coming-of-age comedy "Dazed and Confused" (1993), the romantic drama film trilogy "Before Sunrise" (1995), "Before Sunset" (2004), and "Before Midnight" (2013); the music-themed comedy "School of Rock" (2003), and the rotoscope animated "Waking Life" (2001) and "A Scanner Darkly" (2006). In 2002 he began filming "Boyhood" (2014), a passion project which took over twelve years to finish. The film was premiered in 2014 to critical acclaim. Linklater won the Golden Globe, Critics' Choice Movie Awards, and BAFTAs for Best Director and Best Picture. He also received his first nomination for the Academy Award for Best Director, along with nominations for Original Screenplay and Picture. In 2015, "Time" magazine named Linklater one of the 100 most influential people in the world on the annual "Time 100" list.

neg: Tomlinson Holman Tomlinson M. Holman (born 1946) is an American film theorist, audio engineer, and inventor of film technologies, notably the Lucasfilm THX sound system. He developed the world's first 10.2 sound system.

neg: Tom Shaner Tom Shaner is an American songwriter and musician, performer, director, and writer based in New York City. Much of his music revolves around three styles, "his trilogy," as he describes, which are ghost songs, waltzes, and rock and roll. Woven together, these three elements define his sound.

neg: Phillip Forman Phillip Forman (November 30, 1895 – August 17, 1978) was an American lawyer and judge.

neg: Willis Harman Willis W. Harman (August 16, 1918 – January 30, 1997) was an American engineer, futurist, and author associated with the human potential movement. He was convinced that late industrial civilization faced a period of major cultural crisis which called for a profound transformation of human consciousness. Over a career lasting some four decades, he worked to raise public awareness on the subject through his writings and to foster relevant research through the nonprofit research institute SRI International, the Institute of Noetic Sciences (IONS), and the World Business Academy (WBA). He served as president of IONS for two decades, and he was a cofounder of the WBA. His many books include volumes coauthored with the futurist Howard Rheingold, who put forward similar views, and the mythologist Joseph Campbell.

neg: Thomas Pollan Thomas Pollan (born 1971) is a German and English language author.

neg: Roy Charman Roy Charman (31 May 1930 – 4 October 1990) was an English sound engineer. He won an Academy Award for Best Sound and was nominated for three more in the same category.

neg: Richard Levinson Richard Levinson (August 7, 1934 – March 12, 1987) was an American writer and producer who often worked in collaboration with William Link.

neg: Tom Joyce Tom Joyce (born 1956) is a sculptor and MacArthur Fellow known for his work in forged steel and cast iron. Using skills and technology acquired through early training as a blacksmith, Joyce addresses the environmental, political, and social implications of using ironan idea he appropriated from colleague Tom

neg: Antony Sher Sir Antony Sher, KBE (born 14 June 1949) is an English actor of South African origin, a two-time Laurence Olivier Award winner and four-time nominee. He joined the Royal Shakespeare Company in 1982 and toured in many roles, as well as appearing on film and TV, and working as a writer and theatre director. In 2001, he starred in his cousin Ronald Harwood’s play "Mahler's Conversion", and said that the story of a composer sacrificing his faith for his career echoed his own identity struggles. Sher and his partner and collaborator Gregory Doran became one of the first gay couples to enter into a civil partnership in the UK.

neg: Duane Linklater Duane Linklater is an Omaskêko Cree artist. Born in 1976 in Moose Factory, Ontario, Canada, he now lives in North Bay, Ontario.

neg: Tom Ford Thomas Carlyle "Tom" Ford (born August 27, 1961) is an American fashion designer, film director, screenwriter, and film producer. He launched his eponymous luxury brand in 2006, having previously served as the creative director at Gucci and Yves Saint Laurent. Ford directed the Oscar-nominated films "A Single Man" (2009) and "Nocturnal Animals" (2016).

neg: Richard Sadlier Richard "Richie" Sadlier (born 14 January 1979 in Dublin) is an Irish former professional footballer and former CEO of St Patrick's Athletic. Since retirement from the professional game he has worked as a pundit with RTÉ Sport.

neg: Richard Fancy Richard Fancy (born August 2, 1943) is an American actor known for his long recurring role on "Seinfeld" as publisher Mr. Lippman, Elaine Benes's first major employer on the series. He appeared on the third and fourth seasons of "It's Garry Shandling's Show" as network boss Mr. Stravely. He also plays the Priest in the 1991 film "What About Bob?", and was Kevin Arnold's high school principal, Dr. Valenti, in the fourth and fifth seasons of "The Wonder Years". He also appeared in Oliver Stone's "Nixon" (1995) and "Primal Force" (1999).

neg: Tom Fleming (actor) Thomas Kelman Fleming, CVO, OBE, FRSAMD (29 June 1927 – 18 April 2010) was a Scottish actor, director, and poet, and a television and radio commentator for the BBC.

neg: Richard Vinen Richard Charles Vinen is a British historian and academic who holds a professorship at King's College London. Vinen is a specialist in 20th-century European history, particularly of Britain and France.

neg: Tom Shakespeare Sir Thomas William Shakespeare, 3rd Baronet (born 11 May 1966), better known as Tom Shakespeare, is an English sociologist and broadcaster. He has achondroplasia and uses a wheelchair.

neg: Curtis Callan Curtis Gove Callan, Jr. (born October 11, 1942) is a theoretical physicist and a professor at Princeton University. He has conducted research in gauge theory, string theory, instantons, black holes, strong interactions, and many other topics. He was awarded the Sakurai Prize in 2000 ("For his classic formulation of the renormalization group, his contributions to instanton physics and to the theory of monopoles and strings") and the Dirac Medal in 2004.

neg: Peter Forman Peter Forman (born April 28, 1958 in Plymouth, Massachusetts) is President and CEO of the South Shore (MA) Chamber of Commerce. He was formerly an American politician who served as a member of the Massachusetts House of Representatives, Sheriff of Plymouth County, Massachusetts, and as a member of the Paul Celucci and Jane M. Swift administrations.

neg: A. J. P. Taylor Alan John Percivale Taylor (25 March 1906 – 7 September 1990) was an English historian who specialised in 19th- and 20th-century European diplomacy. Both a journalist and a broadcaster, he became well known to millions through his television lectures. His combination of academic rigour and popular appeal led the historian Richard Overy to describe him as "the Macaulay of our age".

neg: Tom Singh Born in a Punjabi Sikh family, Tom Singh OBE (born 1949) is the founder of the New Look chain of high street fashion stores in the United Kingdom. He is the eldest brother of author and broadcaster Simon Singh. He is a graduate of the University of Wales.


query: Where was the English football club which George Goldsmith once played for located?

pos: George Goldsmith George Goldsmith (11 March 1905 – 1974) was a professional footballer who played for Bishop Auckland, Loftus Albion, Hull City, Tottenham Hotspur and Bolton Wanderers.

pos: Tottenham Hotspur F.C. Tottenham Hotspur Football Club, commonly referred to simply as Tottenham ( ) or Spurs, is an English football club located in Tottenham, Haringey, London, that competes in the Premier League. The club's home for the 2017–18 season will be Wembley Stadium, as their former home of White Hart Lane is being dismantled to make way for a completely new rebuilt stadium on the same site. Their newly developed training ground is in Bulls Cross on the northern borders of the London Borough of Enfield.

neg: St. George's F.C. St. George's Football Club, nicknamed "il-Hallelin" (the thieves), is a Maltese football club from the city of Cospicua in the Mediterranean island of Malta, believed to be the oldest club on the island. They are currently playing in the Maltese First Division, and is popularly claimed to be the pioneers of Maltese civilian football.

neg: Shawbury United F.C. Shawbury United Football Club are a football club originally from Shawbury, near Shrewsbury, in Shropshire, but currently based in Wem, Shropshire, England. They were established in 1992. They are members of the Midland League Premier Division , having been promoted from the West Midlands (Regional) League Premier Division at the end of the 2015–16 season.

neg: Brentford F.C. Brentford Football Club is a professional association football club based in Brentford, Greater London, England. The team play in the Championship, the second tier of English football.

neg: Crawley Town F.C. Crawley Town Football Club is a professional association football club based in the town of Crawley, West Sussex, England. The team play in League Two, the fourth tier of the English football league system. The club's home ground is at Broadfield Stadium. First promoted to the Football Conference in 2004, the club survived a financial crisis to win promotion to the Football League in the 2010–11 season. In the same year they reached the fifth round of the FA Cup, where they lost to Manchester United 1–0.

neg: Ownership of West Ham United F.C. West Ham United F.C. is a football club based in London. It was founded in 1900 by Arnold Hills, owner of Thames Ironworks and Shipbuilding Company. The club's forerunner, Thames Ironworks F.C. ceased to exist in 1900 with West Ham United being formed to take its place.

neg: Chertsey Town F.C. Chertsey Town Football Club is a football club based in Chertsey, Surrey, England. The club was established in 1890 and, from the Surrey Senior League, joined the Metropolitan League in the 1964–65 season. They have reached the quarter-finals of the FA Vase twice in their history. In the 2005–06 season, they played in Division Two of the Isthmian League, but as a result of the restructuring of non-league football, they were sent across to play in the Combined Counties League Premier Division. In the 2010–11 season, Chertsey Town finished 2nd in the league and were promoted to the Southern League Division One Central ahead of local rivals Guildford City, following a dispute over the suitability of Guildford's ground for higher-level play.

neg: Chesterfield F.C. Chesterfield Football Club is a professional association football club based in the town of Chesterfield, Derbyshire, England. The team competes in League Two, the fourth tier of the English football league system. The club was a founding member of the Football League Third Division North in 1921–22 and has remained in the Football League since that time. While they have never played in the top flight, they rose to the second tier twice in the 1930s.

neg: Chelsea F.C. Chelsea Football Club ( ) is a professional football club based in Fulham, London, England that competes in the Premier League, of which they are reigning champions. Founded in 1905, the club's home ground since then has been Stamford Bridge.

neg: List of Crewe Alexandra F.C. seasons Crewe Alexandra Football Club is a professional association football club based in the town of Crewe, Cheshire, England. Nicknamed The Railwaymen because of the town's links with the rail industry, they play at Gresty Road. The team compete in League Two, the fourth tier of the English football league system.

neg: Crane Sports F.C. Crane Sports Football Club is a football club based in Ipswich, Suffolk, England. The club are currently members of the Senior Division of the Suffolk & Ipswich League Senior Division and play at the Greshams Sports Ground.

neg: Tranmere Rovers F.C. Tranmere Rovers Football Club is a professional association football club based in Birkenhead, Merseyside, England. Founded in 1884 as Belmont Football Club, they adopted their current name in 1885. They were a founder member of Division Three North in 1921, and were a member of The Football League until 2015, when they were relegated to the National League, the fifth tier of English football.

neg: Retford F.C. Retford Football Club is an English football club based in Retford, Nottinghamshire. They currently play in the Central Midlands League North Division .

neg: Hinckley Athletic F.C. Hinckley Athletic F.C. was an English association football club based in Hinckley, England.

neg: Welling United F.C. Welling United Football Club is a professional association football club, based in Welling in the London Borough of Bexley, England. The club's first team play in the National League South, the sixth tier of English football.

neg: Penrith F.C. Penrith Football Club is a football club based in Penrith, Cumbria, England. They play in the Northern Football League Division One.

neg: Chesham Town F.C. Chesham Town Football Club were an English football club from Chesham, Buckinghamshire.

neg: Hemel Hempstead Town F.C. Hemel Hempstead Town Football Club is a semi-professional football club based in Hemel Hempstead, Hertfordshire, England. Affiliated to the Hertfordshire County Football Association, they are currently members of the National League South, the sixth tier of English football, and play at Vauxhall Road.

neg: Northern Nomads F.C. Northern Nomads F.C. was an English football club based in the Manchester area. Established around 1862, they were known as the "Nomads" or "Roaming Brigade" as they never possessed a home ground.

neg: History of Brentford F.C. (1986–present) Brentford Football Club is an English professional football club based in Brentford, Hounslow, London. The club was founded in October 1889, as the local sportsmen's latest attempt to form a permanent football or rugby club in the town. By 1896, Brentford had joined the London League, progressing to the Southern League in 1898 and entering the Football League in 1920.

neg: West Essex F.C. West Essex Football Club is an English football club based in Highams Park in the London Borough of Waltham Forest. The club's first team play in the Essex Senior League .


query: The 4th Irish Film & Television Awards took place in 2007 and were hosted at the Royal Dublin Society Main Hall, by Ryan Tubridy, nicknamed "Tubs", is an Irish broadcaster, a presenter of live shows on radio and television, in which island location?

pos: 4th Irish Film & Television Awards The 4th Irish Film & Television Awards took place in 2007 and were hosted by Ryan Tubridy at the Royal Dublin Society Main Hall, Dublin.

pos: Ryan Tubridy Ryan Tubridy (born 28 May 1973), nicknamed "Tubs", is an Irish broadcaster, a presenter of live shows on radio and television in Ireland. Tubridy is the highest-earning presenter on Raidió Teilifís Éireann (RTÉ). Current host of long-running TV chat programme "The Late Late Show" and a weekday morning radio show called "The Ryan Tubridy Show", Tubridy was a pioneering member of the Twitterati before he departed in August 2011.

neg: Coill Dubh Coill Dubh (] or ] ) is a town in Ireland in northern County Kildare, at the junction of the R403 and R408 regional roads, about 40 km from Dublin. Its population of 684 (2006 Census) represents an increase of 15.5pc on the 2002 census.

neg: Galway Galway ( ; Irish: "Gaillimh" , ] ) is a city in the West of Ireland in the province of Connacht. Galway City Council is the local authority for the city. Galway lies on the River Corrib between Lough Corrib and Galway Bay and is surrounded by County Galway. It is the fourth most populous urban area in the Republic of Ireland and the sixth most populous city in the island of Ireland.

neg: Four Live (Irish TV series) Four Live is a former live flagship daytime show on RTÉ One. The programme, which was broadcast before "The Daily Show", launched on Monday 20 September 2010. It replaced "The Afternoon Show".

neg: King's Island, Limerick King's Island is an area of central Limerick, Ireland. The area is often referred to colloquially as "The Island" and consists of two distinct areas, "Englishtown" and "St Mary's Park". The historical city of Limerick known as "Englishtown" is located on the southern end and St Mary's Park; a local authority housing estate is located on the northern end.

neg: Baltimore, County Cork Baltimore ( ; Irish: "Dún na Séad" translated as the "Fort of the Jewels") is a village in western County Cork, Ireland. It is the main village in the parish of Rathmore and the Islands, the southernmost parish in Ireland. It is the main ferry port to Sherkin Island, Cape Clear Island and the eastern side of Roaring Water Bay (Loch Trasna) and Carbery's Hundred Isles.

neg: Mardyke The Mardyke (Irish: "An Mhuirdíog" ) is an area in Cork city, on the northern half of the long western part of the island formed by the two channels of the River Lee near the city centre. It was historically left as open space, because the land along the north channel of the river is prone to flooding. From east to west these open spaces are: Presentation Brothers College, a boy's secondary school; the Mardyke ground of Cork County Cricket Club; Fitzgerald Park, which includes Cork Public Museum; Sunday's Well Lawn Tennis Club; and the athletic grounds of University College Cork.

neg: Lough Tay Lough Tay (Irish: "Loch Té"), commonly called The Guinness Lake, is a small but scenic lake set on private property, in the Wicklow Mountains in County Wicklow, Ireland. It lies between the mountains of Djouce and Luggala, and is most easily viewed from above, from the R759 or the Wicklow Way as it descends past the J. B. Malone memorial. It is fed by the Cloghoge River, which then drains into Lough Dan to the south. It is not possible to visit Lough Tay without prior permission.

neg: Donegal Donegal or Donegal Town ( or ; Irish: "Dún na nGall" , meaning "fort of the foreigners" ) is a town in County Donegal in Ulster, Ireland. The name was historically written in English as 'Dunnagall' or 'Dunagall'. Donegal gave its name to County Donegal, although Lifford is now the county town. From the 1470s until the very early 17th century, Donegal was the 'capital' of Tyrconnell (Irish: "Tír Chonaill" ), a Gaelic kingdom controlled by the O'Donnell dynasty of the Northern Uí Néill. Donegal sits at the mouth of the River Eske and Donegal Bay, which is overshadowed by the Blue Stack Mountains ('the Croaghs'). The town is bypassed by the N15 and N56 roads. The centre of the town, known as The Diamond, is a hub for music, poetic and cultural gatherings in the area.

neg: Inishkea Islands The Inishkea Islands (Goose Islands, Irish: "Inis Gé") are situated off the coast of the Mullet peninsula in Ireland. There are two main islands - Inishkea North and Inishkea South. The islands lie between Inishglora to their north and Duvillaun to their south, off the Mullet's west coast, and offer some protection to the mainland coast from the power of the eastern Atlantic Ocean. The underlying rock of the Inishkea Island is that of gneiss and schist, the same as that on the Mullet. The islands are relatively low lying and are covered in machair. Fine white sand is found everywhere, often blown into drifts by the strong winds especially along the beach beside the harbour where it fills the houses of the abandoned village. The sea surrounding the islands is crystal clear. The inhabitants of both Inishkea North and South left the islands in the 1930s after most of their young men died at sea in a storm.

neg: Windy Arbour Windy Arbour (Irish: "Na Glasáin" ) is a small suburban village in the Dundrum area of Dublin, Ireland. Situated between Dundrum and Milltown, along the banks of the Slang River (also Dundrum or Slann River).

neg: Mike Murphy Michael James Murphy (born 20 October 1941) is an Irish broadcaster, actor and property developer. He is best known for his long broadcasting career with RTÉ, presenting many TV shows such as "The Live Mike", "Winning Streak" and "The Big Interview".

neg: Riverstown Riverstown, historically called "Ballyederdaowen" (Irish: "Baile idir dhá Abhainn" , meaning "town between two rivers" ), is a small village in County Sligo, Ireland. It is located at a bridging point of the River Unshin (Arrow), about 19 km (12 miles) south of Sligo town and 4 km east of the N4.

neg: North Strand North Strand (Irish: "An Trá Thuaidh" ) is an area of the inner city on the Northside of Dublin, Ireland. The area is bounded roughly by East Wall to the east, Ballybough to the northwest, and Fairview to the north. It has two postal designations - Dublin 1 and Dublin 3.

neg: Golden Island Shopping Centre Golden Island Shopping Centre (Irish: "Órga Oileáin Ionad Siopadóireachta" ) is a shopping centre located on the outskirts of Athlone, County Westmeath, Ireland.

neg: The Ryan Tubridy Show The Ryan Tubridy Show is a talk radio show, presented by Ryan Tubridy each weekday morning on RTÉ Radio 1 from 9am to 10am, from September 2015 to present.

neg: Devenish Island Devenish or Devinish (from Irish: "Daimhinis" , meaning "ox island" ) is an island in Lower Lough Erne, County Fermanagh, Northern Ireland. Aligned roughly north–south, it is about one and a quarter miles long and two-thirds of a mile wide. The main place to catch a ferry to the island is at Trory Point, just outside Enniskillen.

neg: Ballycotton Ballycotton (Irish: "Baile Choitín" ) is a coastal village in County Cork, Ireland, situated about 25 mi east of Cork city. It is a well known fishing village which sits on a rocky ledge overlooking Ballycotton Bay and has a sandy beach that stretches for about 25 km east to Knockadoon Head. The current village is actually a re-settlement of an older village which is now entirely underwater. Ballycotton experiences severe coastal erosion with metres of land crumbling into the sea every few years. It is a site of international research interest on coastal erosion.

neg: Hogmanay Live Hogmanay Live is BBC Scotland's annual live event programme broadcast from either Edinburgh Castle's Great Hall or BBC Pacific Quay on Hogmanay (New Year's Eve). Regardless of location, the programme rings in the New Year with the firing of Edinburgh Castle's One O'Clock Gun and the subsequent fireworks and celebrations in Edinburgh. The programme features a mixture of Scottish contemporary and folk music, with some past programming also featuring live coverage of parts of the Princes Street concert in Edinburgh, Its current presenter is Jackie Bird, Bird and Phil Cunningham often hosted together each year but since 2008 she has been the host every year. Cunningham does however still appear on the program just not as a host. Carol Kirkwood reported on the 2016 edition of the show live from Edinburgh Castle. The show currently is hosted live from The Old Fruitmarket, Glasgow, until 2013 Bird was live from Edinburgh Castle or Princes Street but the show's producers decided that it should take place in Scotland's Largest and most popular city.

neg: Angela Scanlon Angela Marie Scanlon (born 29th December 1983) is an Irish television presenter, broadcaster and former journalist for RTÉ and the BBC. She initially broadcast on Irish television, presenting a number of programmes on RTÉ including documentary "Oi Ginger!" in 2013.

neg: Coney Island, County Down Coney Island is a small seaside hamlet and townland of 48 acres in County Down, Northern Ireland, between the villages of Ardglass and Killough. It is situated in the civil parish of Ardglass and the historic barony of Lecale Lower. There is a small caravan park at Coney Island.


query: Ahn Nae-sang, the South Korean actor had a supporting role in Lee Chang-dong's 2002 movie about a romance between a disabled man released from prison and a woman with cerebral palsy; what is the name?

pos: Ahn Nae-sang Ahn Nae-sang (born December 25, 1964) is a South Korean actor. He began his career on the stage, and in 1994 made his film debut in the Bong Joon-ho short film "Baeksekin" ("White Man" or "White-collar worker"), followed by Jang Sun-woo's "Bad Movie" in 1997. He has since starred in numerous films, with supporting roles in Lee Chang-dong's "Oasis" and "Poetry", and a leading role in "Hoichori" ("Cane"). He also appears in television series, notably "Conspiracy in the Court", "First Wives' Club", "Three Brothers", and "".

pos: Oasis (2002 film) Oasis () is a 2002 South Korean film directed by Lee Chang-dong. This is Lee's third feature film, and the last one he directed before his stint as South Korea's Minister of Culture. The film's plot tells about the difficult romance between a mildly mentally disabled man who has just been released from jail after a two and a half year sentence for involuntary manslaughter and a woman with severe cerebral palsy. Starring in these roles are the couple from Lee Chang-dong's previous film "Peppermint Candy"; Sol Kyung-gu and Moon So-ri. The movie also shows how the two main characters are treated by their families and perceived by the people around them.

neg: Between the Knees Between the Knees () is a 1984 South Korean film about a married woman who suffers from abnormal sexual tendencies which leads to her downfall.

neg: Ice Rain Ice Rain () is a 2004 South Korean romance drama film starring Lee Sung-jae, Song Seung-heon and Kim Ha-neul. Co-written and directed by first-time director Kim Eun-sook, it tells the story of two mountaineers stranded on a climb to Mount Asiaq in Alaska. While waiting out the storm, they share stories of the women that changed their lives, not knowing how closely connected they actually are.

neg: Nayoung Case The Cho Doo Soon Case is an incident that took place in December 2008, in which an eight-year-old girl (alias Nayoung) was on her way to school when she was kidnapped by 57-year-old Cho Doo Soon, who was drunk at the time. Cho raped and beat Nayoung at a public squat toilet. Nayoung had injuries to her internal organs, and was taken to a hospital, surviving the incident. Cho was arrested and eventually sentenced to twelve years in prison. The case sparked outrage and protest including Nayoung's parents and many others. In 2011, R&B singer ALi released a song based on Nayoung's story, titled "Nayoungee." The song attracted controversy after being widely criticized, and ALi chose to omit it from her upcoming album. She also subsequently issued an apology. She then went on to say that the song was also about her battle with being raped. The 2013 film "Hope" is based on this case.

neg: Voice of a Murderer Voice of a Murderer (; lit. "His Voice") is a 2007 South Korean crime thriller-drama film written and directed by Park Jin-pyo, starring Sol Kyung-gu and Kim Nam-joo. It was the third top-grossing domestic film of 2007, with 3,143,247 tickets sold. The story is a fictionalized account of a real-life kidnapping case in 1991.

neg: Yoon Kye-sang Yoon Kye-sang (born December 20, 1978) is a South Korean actor and singer. He began his career in 1999 as part of the K-pop boy band g.o.d, then left the group in 2004 and pursued an acting career. He made his acting debut in the film "Flying Boys" (2004), for which he won Best New Actor at the Baeksang Arts Awards. Yoon became active in both television and film, with leading roles in romantic comedies such as "My 19 Year Old Sister-in-Law" (2004) and "Who Are You?" (2008) and the melodrama "Crazy for You" (2007), as well as more serious fare in "The Moonlight of Seoul" (2008) and "The Executioner" (2009). After a supporting turn in the hit series "The Greatest Love" (2011), he returned to the big screen in the well-received indie "Poongsan" (2011).

neg: A Tale of Two Sisters A Tale of Two Sisters (; lit. "Rose Flower, Red Lotus") is a 2003 South Korean psychological horror-thriller drama film written and directed by Kim Jee-woon. The film is inspired by a Joseon Dynasty era folktale entitled Janghwa Hongryeon jeon, which has been adapted to film several times. The plot focuses on a recently released patient from a mental institution who returns home with her sister, only to face disturbing events between her stepmother and the ghosts haunting their house- all of which are connected to a dark past in the family's history.

neg: Areum (name) Areum, also spelled Ah-reum, is a Korean feminine given name. Unlike most Korean given names, which are composed of two single-syllable Sino-Korean morphemes each written with one hanja, Areum is an indigenous Korean name (고유어이름 ), a single two-syllable word meaning "beauty". It is one of a number of such native names, along with others such as Ha-neul ("sky"), Seul-ki ("wisdom"), and Sora ("conch shell") that have become more popular in South Korea in recent decades.

neg: Takkari Donga Takkari Donga is a 2002 Telugu western action comedy film directed by Jayant Paranjee. Mahesh Babu, Lisa Ray and Bipasha Basu play the lead roles. The film recorded as "Disaster" at box office.. The film was dubbed into Hindi as "Choron Ka Chor" and Tamil as "Vetri Veeran".

neg: Ahn (Korean surname) Ahn, also romanized An, is a Korean family name. Its literal meaning is "tranquility," from the Hanja character 安. In 2000, there were 637,786 people bearing this surname in South Korea , making it the 20th most common family name in the country, with roughly 2% of the country's population. North Korea does not release figures for surnames, but the percentage is expected to be similar.

neg: Nam Da-reum Nam Da-Reum (born June 13, 2002) is a South Korean actor. He began his career as a child actor.

neg: La Dolce Vita (TV series) La Dolce Vita (; lit. "The Sweet Life") is a 2008 South Korean television series that aired on MBC. A dark melodrama with a fragmented narrative and voice-overs highlighting the characters' state of mind, it was hailed as a daring portrayal of middle-aged romance and adultery with elements of mystery and noir.

neg: Kamarasu Kamarasu is a South Indian Tamil film released in 2002.

neg: Miracle in Cell No. 7 Miracle in Cell No. 7 (; lit. "A Gift from Room 7") is a 2013 South Korean film starring Ryu Seung-ryong, Kal So-won and Park Shin-hye. The film is a heartwarming comedy and family melodrama about a mentally challenged man wrongfully imprisoned for murder, who builds friendships with the hardened criminals in his cell, and in return they help him see his daughter again by smuggling her into the prison.

neg: Humming (film) Humming () is a 2008 South Korean romance drama film starring Lee Chun-hee and Han Ji-hye.

neg: Searching for the Elephant Searching for the Elephant (; lit. "Penthouse Elephant") is a 2009 South Korean psychological thriller written, directed and produced by S.K. Jhung (a.k.a. Jhung Seung-koo). It stars Jang Hyuk, Jo Dong-hyuk and Lee Sang-woo as three male friends who deal with sex addiction, anxiety and other contemporary disorders.

neg: Lee Ji-ah Kim Ji-ah (born Kim Sang-eun on February 2, 1979), known professionally as Lee Ji-ah, is a South Korean actress. After her breakout role in "The Legend" in 2007, she has starred in television series "Beethoven Virus" (2008), "" (2010), "Me Too, Flower!" (2011), and "Thrice Married Woman" (2013).

neg: Park Sa-rang Park Sa-rang (born March 4, 2003) is a South Korean actress. Park began her career as a child actress, and has starred in television series and films such as "A Happy Woman" (2007), "Bestseller" (2010) and "Grand Prix" (2010).

neg: The Crippled Masters The Crippled Masters (天殘地缺, Hanyu Pinyin: tiān cán dì quē) is a kung fu movie released in 1979. Filmed in Hong Kong, it is about two men—one without arms and another with withered legs—who develop kung fu abilities and fight their evil teacher, who made them disabled. Two sequels were released but have little to no connection to each other.

neg: Glass Slippers Glass Slippers () was a 40-episode South Korean drama series that aired on SBS in 2002, starring Kim Hyun-joo and Kim Ji-ho as the two orphaned sisters.

neg: Unborn but Forgotten Unborn But Forgotten (; lit. "White Room") is a 2002 South Korean film directed by Im Chang-jae. Due to its plot, the film has been compared to both "The Ring" and "FeardotCom".


query: What city is the illustrator of the fortieth book in the series of Oz books created by L. Frank Baum from?

pos: Dick Martin (artist) Dickinson P. Martin (June 29, 1927 – February 14, 1990) was an artist from Chicago who illustrated a number of books related to The Oz books series, most notably, "Merry Go Round in Oz" (1963), the 40th and final title in the regular series, as well as many other children's books.

pos: Merry Go Round in Oz Merry Go Round in Oz (1963) is the fortieth in the series of Oz books created by L. Frank Baum and his successors. It was written by Eloise Jarvis McGraw and Lauren McGraw Wagner (her married name was dropped from reprinted editions after the marriage ended). It was illustrated by Dick Martin.

neg: The Wizard of Oz (1942 musical) The Wizard of Oz is a musical commissioned by the St. Louis Municipal Opera (The Muny) based on the novel, "The Wonderful Wizard of Oz" by L. Frank Baum and the 1939 film, "The Wizard of Oz" and using the film's songs by Harold Arlen and E.Y. Harburg. The book of the musical is by Frank Gabrielson, who would later write an adaptation of "The Marvelous Land of Oz" for Shirley Temple (1960).

neg: Queer Visitors from the Marvelous Land of Oz Queer Visitors from the Marvelous Land of Oz was a newspaper comic strip written by L. Frank Baum and illustrated by Walt McDougall, a political cartoonist for the "Philadelphia North American". "Queer Visitors" appeared in the "North American", the "Chicago Record-Herald" and other newspapers from 28 August 1904 to 26 February 1905. The series chronicles the misadventures of the Scarecrow, the Tin Woodman, the Woggle-Bug, Jack Pumpkinhead, and the Sawhorse, as the Gump flies them to various cities in the United States. The comic strip in turn produced its own derivation, "The Woggle-Bug Book" (1905).

neg: Michael Allen Austin Michael Allen Austin (born August 30, 1965) is an award-winning, American illustrator, best known for his work in children’s books. Among the titles he has illustrated are "Cowpoke Clyde and Dirty Dawg," written by Lori Mortensen; "The Horned Toad Prince," written by Jackie Mims Hopkins; and "Railroad John and the Red Rock Run," written by Tony Crunk. His illustrations have also appeared in magazines, such as "Highlights for Children, Spider" and "Cricket," as well as galleries and museums throughout the United States.

neg: Annabel (novel) Annabel: A Novel for Young Folk is a 1906 juvenile novel written by L. Frank Baum, the author famous for his series of books on the Land of Oz. The book was issued under the pen name "Suzanne Metcalf," one of Baum's various pseudonyms. "Annabel" was one of Baum's first efforts to write a novel for adolescent girls – who soon became one of his most important audiences.

neg: The Giant Horse of Oz The Giant Horse of Oz (1928) is the twenty-second in the series of Oz books created by L. Frank Baum and his successors, and the eighth written by Ruth Plumly Thompson. It was Illustrated by John R. Neill.

neg: Irving Tripp Irving Rose Tripp (June 5, 1921 – November 27, 2009), was an American comic book artist, best known as the illustrator of "Little Lulu" comics.

neg: Frank Bellew Frank Henry Temple Bellew (April 18, 1828 – June 29, 1888), American artist, illustrator, and cartoonist.

neg: Rinkitink in Oz Rinkitink in Oz: Wherein is Recorded the Perilous Quest of Prince Inga of Pingaree and King Rinkitink in the Magical Isles that Lie Beyond the Borderland of Oz. is the tenth book in the Land of Oz series written by L. Frank Baum. Published on June 20, 1916, with full-color and black-and-white illustrations by artist John R. Neill, it is significant that no one from Oz appears in the book until its climax; this is due to Baum's having originally written most of the book as an original fantasy novel over ten years earlier, in 1905. Most of the action takes place on three islands – Pingaree, Regos, and Coregos – and within the Nome King's caverns. Since the original ruler of the nomes, Roquat – who later renamed himself Ruggedo, was deposed in 1914's "Tik-Tok of Oz", Baum had to cleverly rework the tale to accommodate his successor, the well-intentioned – but politically motivated – Kaliko.

neg: The Purple Prince of Oz The Purple Prince of Oz (1932) is the 26th in the series of Oz books created by L. Frank Baum and his successors, and the 12th written by Ruth Plumly Thompson. It was illustrated by John R. Neill.

neg: Sky Island Sky Island: Being the Further Adventures of Trot and Cap'n Bill after Their Visit to the Sea Fairies is a children's fantasy novel written by L. Frank Baum, illustrated by John R. Neill, and published in 1912 by the Reilly & Britton Company—the same constellation of forces that produced the Oz books in the first decades of the twentieth century.

neg: Kabumpo in Oz Kabumpo in Oz (1922) is the sixteenth Oz book, and the second written by Ruth Plumly Thompson. It was the first Oz book fully credited to her. (Her first, "The Royal Book of Oz", was credited to L. Frank Baum on the cover.) This is the last Oz book to enter in the public domain by means of automatic copyright expiration. There are, however, other later Oz books in the public domain, due to their copyrights not being renewed.

neg: L. Frank Baum Baum was born in Chittenango, New York in 1856 into a devout Methodist family. He had German, Scots-Irish, and English ancestry, and was the seventh of nine children of Cynthia Ann (née Stanton) and Benjamin Ward Baum, only five of whom survived into adulthood. "Lyman" was the name of his father's brother, but he always disliked it and preferred his middle name "Frank".

neg: Wicked (Maguire novel) Wicked: The Life and Times of the Wicked Witch of the West is a novel published in 1995 written by Gregory Maguire and illustrated by Douglas Smith. It is a revisionist look at the land and characters of Oz from L. Frank Baum's 1900 novel "The Wonderful Wizard of Oz", its sequels, and the 1939 film adaption "The Wizard of Oz". Unlike the popular 1939 movie and Baum's writings, this novel is not directed at children, and contains adult language and content including violent imagery and sexual situations.

neg: Phil Davis (cartoonist) Philip Davis (March 4, 1906 – 16 December 1964), better known as Phil Davis, was an American artist who illustrated "Mandrake the Magician", written by Lee Falk. Davis was born in St. Louis, Missouri.

neg: Melbourne Brindle Ewart Melbourne Brindle (November 18, 1904 – September 19, 1995) was an Australian-American illustrator and painter. His work included posters for World War II war bonds, magazine illustrations and covers, and US postage stamps; he was particularly known for his illustrations of cars, and in 1971 published a book of portraits of Rolls-Royce Silver Ghosts.

neg: Peggy Fortnum Margaret Emily Noel Fortnum (23 December 1919 – 28 March 2016) as pen name Peggy Fortnum was an English illustrator best known for illustrating children's literature series Paddington Bear.

neg: The Woggle-Bug (musical) The Woggle-Bug is a musical based on "The Marvelous Land of Oz" by L. Frank Baum, with book and lyrics by the author and music by Frederic Chapin that opened June 18, 1905 at the Garrick Theater in Chicago under the direction of Frank Smithson, a Shubert Organization employee. The musical was a major critical and commercial failure, running less than a month. Chapin, however, had proven quite saleable to the publisher, M. Witmark and Sons, and many of the songs were published. The music director was Frank Pallma. The surviving sheet music was published by Hungry Tiger Press in 2002.

neg: Boq Boq is a minor character in "The Wonderful Wizard of Oz" by L. Frank Baum. He becomes a more prominent character in Gregory Maguire's 1995 novel "", which purports to show the lives of some of Baum's characters from another perspective, and more prominent still in the Broadway musical "Wicked" which is based on Maguire's novel.

neg: Ozoplaning with the Wizard of Oz Ozoplaning with the Wizard of Oz (1939) is the thirty-third in the series of Oz books created by L. Frank Baum and his successors, and the nineteenth and last written by Ruth Plumly Thompson. It was illustrated by John R. Neill.

neg: The Marvelous Land of Oz (comics) The Marvelous Land of Oz is a comic book series published by American company Marvel Comics based on "The Marvelous Land of Oz" book written by L. Frank Baum. It is an eight issue limited series written by Eric Shanower, penciled by Skottie Young, and colored by Jean-Francois Beaulieu. It is a sequel to a previous adaptation of "The Wonderful Wizard of Oz" from the same team.


query: The People's Political Party, (PPP) was Jamaica's first modern political party, formed in September 1929 by Marcus Mosiah Garvey Jr., was a proponent of Black nationalism in Jamaica and especially which location?

pos: People's Political Party (Jamaica) The People's Political Party (also known as the PPP) was Jamaica's first modern political party. Formed in September 1929 by Marcus Garvey, it set out a 14 point manifesto - the first of its kind in the island's electoral history. The points contained in the PPP's manifesto were far-reaching and perceptive as illustrated by a few of them, such as:

pos: Marcus Garvey Marcus Mosiah Garvey Jr., ONH (17 August 188710 June 1940), was a proponent of Black nationalism in Jamaica and especially the United States. He was a leader of a mass movement called Pan-Africanism and he founded the Universal Negro Improvement Association and African Communities League (UNIA-ACL). He also founded the Black Star Line, a shipping and passenger line which promoted the return of the African diaspora to their ancestral lands. Although most American Black leaders condemned his methods and his support for racial segregation, Garvey attracted a large following. The Black Star Line went bankrupt and Garvey was imprisoned for mail fraud in the selling of its stock. His movement then rapidly collapsed.

neg: Westmoreland Parish Westmoreland is the westernmost parish in Jamaica, located on the south side of the island. It is situated to the south of Hanover, the southwest of Saint James, and the northwest of Saint Elizabeth, in the county of Cornwall. The chief town and capital is Savanna-la-Mar. Negril, a famous tourist destination, is also situated in the parish.

neg: Chilembwe uprising The Chilembwe uprising was a rebellion against British colonial rule in Nyasaland (modern-day Malawi) in January 1915, led by John Chilembwe, an American-educated Baptist minister, whose radical evangelical views of racial injustice may also have been influenced by millenarian Christian. Based around his church in the village of Mbombwe in the south-east of the country, the revolt was centred on the black middle class and encouraged by grievances against the colonial system, including forced labour, discrimination and the new demands on the indigenous population caused by the outbreak of World War I.

neg: Kingston Harbour Kingston Harbour in Jamaica is the seventh-largest natural harbour in the world. It is an almost landlocked area of water approximately 16 km long by 3.2 km wide. Most of it is deep enough to accommodate large ships, even close to shore. It is bordered to the north by the city of Kingston, the capital of Jamaica; to the west by Hunts Bay and the municipality of Portmore; and to the south and east by the Palisadoes spit, which protects it.

neg: Black People's Convention The Black People's Convention (BPC) was founded at the end of 1972 as the Nationalist Liberatory Flagship of the Black Consciousness Movement (BCM) in South Africa. The BCM was a product of three historicultural and ideological imperatives:

neg: Queen Mother Moore Queen Mother Moore (July 27, 1898 – May 2, 1997) was an African-American civil rights leader and a black nationalist who was friends with such civil rights leaders as Marcus Garvey, Nelson Mandela, Rosa Parks, and Jesse Jackson. She was a figure in the American Civil Rights Movement and a founder of the Republic of New Afrika.

neg: Dunbar Hotel The Dunbar Hotel, originally known as the Hotel Somerville, was the focal point of the Central Avenue African-American community in Los Angeles, California, during the 1930s and 1940s. Built in 1928, it was known for its first year as the Hotel Somerville. Upon its opening, it hosted the first national convention of the National Association for the Advancement of Colored People (NAACP) to be held in the western United States. In 1930, the hotel was renamed the Dunbar, and it became the most prestigious hotel in LA's African-American community. In the early 1930s, a nightclub opened at the Dunbar, and it became the center of the Central Avenue jazz scene in the 1930s and 1940s. The Dunbar hosted Duke Ellington, Cab Calloway, Billie Holiday, Louis Armstrong, Lionel Hampton, Count Basie, Lena Horne, and many other jazz legends. Other noteworthy people who stayed at the Dunbar include W. E. B. Du Bois, Joe Louis, Ray Charles, and Thurgood Marshall. Former heavyweight champion Jack Johnson also ran a nightclub at the Dunbar in the 1930s.

neg: Jamaica We Party The Jamaica We Party was a political party in Jamaica. It first contested national elections in 1967, but received only 133 votes and failed to win a seat. It did not contest any further elections.

neg: Marcus Garvey People's Political Party The Marcus Garvey People's Political Party (formerly known as the Marcus Garvey People's Progressive Party) is a political party in Jamaica formed by the merger of two minor parties. The ideology associated with the party is socialist, republican and Pan-Africanist. The party is named after Jamaican National Hero, Marcus Garvey. On election ballots, the party campaign as MG/PPP or simply PPP.

neg: Black Power movement The Black Power movement was a political movement to achieve a form of Black Power and the many philosophies it contains. The movement saw various forms of activism some violent and some peaceful, all hoping to achieve black empowerment. The Black Power movement also represented socialist movements, all with the general motivation of improving the standing of black people in society. Originated during the Civil Rights Movement, some doubted the philosophy of the movement begging for more radical action, taking influences from Malcolm X. The cornerstone of the movement was the Black Panther Party, a Black Power organization dedicated to socialism and the use of violence to achieve it. The Black Power movement developed amidst the criticisms of the Civil Rights Movement in the early 1960s, and over time and into the 1970s, the movement grew and became more violent. After years of violence, many left the movement and the police began arresting violent actors in the movement. The Black Power movement also spilled out into the Caribbean creating the Black Power Revolution.

neg: Jamaican general election, 1989 General elections were held in Jamaica on 9 February 1989. The result was a victory for the People's National Party, which won 45 of the 60 seats. Voter turnout was 78.4%.

neg: Black liberalism Black liberalism, also known as African-American liberalism is a political and social philosophy within the United States of America's African-American community that aligns with primarily liberalism, most commonly associated with the Democratic Party. Modern liberalism is a core value of the Democratic Party, which has consistently received 85-95% of the African-American vote since the 1960s due to the support of the Civil Rights Movement by U.S. Presidents John F. Kennedy and Lyndon B. Johnson.

neg: Jamaica Independent Movement The Jamaica Independent Party was a political party in Jamaica. It first contested national elections in 1959, when it received fewer than 305 votes and failed to win a seat. It did not contest any further elections.

neg: Granville, Jamaica Granville is a small community on the outskirts of Montego Bay in the parish of Trelawny on the island of Jamaica founded by Rev. William Knibb.

neg: Black British Black British are British people of Black and African origins or heritage, including those of African-Caribbean (sometimes called "Afro-Caribbean") background, and may include people with mixed ancestry. The term has been used from the 1950s, mainly to refer to Black people from former British colonies in the West Indies (i.e., the New Commonwealth) and Africa, who are residents of the United Kingdom and who consider themselves British.

neg: New Black Panther Party The New Black Panther Party for Self-Defense (NBPP) is a U.S.-based ethnic political organization founded in Dallas, Texas, in 1989 which promotes Black Nationalism. Despite its name, the NBPP is not an official successor to the Black Panther Party. Members of the original Black Panther Party have insisted that the newer party is illegitimate and they have firmly declared, "There is no new Black Panther Party".

neg: Middlesex County, Jamaica Middlesex is the central of the three historic counties into which Jamaica is divided. It has no current-day administrative significance. It covers 5,041.9 km² and has a population of 1,183,361 (about 45% of the island's area and population) giving it the largest area and population of the three counties. It includes Spanish Town, the island's original capital.

neg: US Organization US Organization, or Organization Us, is a Black nationalist group in the United States founded in 1965. It was established as a community organization by Maulana Karenga. It was a complementary organization of the Black Panther Party in California. One of the early slogans was, "Wherever US is, We are." US stands for us Black people vs 'them' the oppressors.

neg: Morant Bay Morant Bay is a town in southeastern Jamaica and the capital of the parish of St. Thomas, located about 25 miles east of Kingston, the capital. The parish has a population of 94,410.

neg: League of Coloured Peoples The League of Coloured Peoples (LCP) was a British civil-rights organization that was founded in 1931 in London by Jamaican-born physician and campaigner Harold Moody with the goal of racial equality around the world. Although the League's primary focus was black rights in Britain, it also was involved in other civil-rights issues, such as the persecution of the Jews in Germany. In 1933, the League of Coloured Peoples began publication of the civil-rights journal "The Keys", and was a powerful civil-rights force until its dissolution in 1951.

neg: Afrocentrism Afrocentrism (also Afrocentricity) is a cultural ideology or worldview that focuses on the history of black Africans. It is a response to global (Eurocentric/Orientalist) attitudes about African people and their historical contributions; it revisits their history with an African cultural and ideological focus. Afrocentricity deals primarily with self-determination and African agency and is a Pan-African ideology in culture, philosophy, and history.


query: Students from what three towns attend Freeport High School and are close to Wolfe's Neck Park?

pos: Freeport High School (Maine) Freeport High School is a public high school in Freeport, Maine for students in grades 9–12 residing in the towns of Freeport, Durham, and Pownal. Freeport High School is one of four schools in the Freeport Public School District; the others being Mast Landing School, Morse Street School, and Freeport Middle School.

pos: Freeport, Maine Freeport is a town in Cumberland County, Maine, United States. The population was 7,879 at the 2010 census. Known for its numerous outlet stores, Freeport is home to L.L. Bean, Wolfe's Neck Woods State Park, and the Desert of Maine.

neg: Albert Gallatin High School Albert Gallatin High School is a public high school, serving nearly 1,111 students (2010) in the eight south-western municipalities of Fayette County, Pennsylvania. The present-day AGHS is located in Georges Township five miles south of Uniontown proper. Five hundred forty nine students were eligible for a federal free or reduced price lunch due to family poverty in 2012.

neg: Fairport Harding High School Fairport Harding High School is a public high school in Fairport Harbor, Ohio. It is the only high school in the Fairport Harbor Exempted Village School District

neg: Portland Public Schools (Maine) Portland Public Schools is the public school district in Portland, Maine, United States. The district operates eighteen primary and secondary schools. It is the largest and most ethnically diverse school district in Maine, with a student body made up of roughly 42% minorities. The district operates expeditionary learning schools, a vocational school, and elementary, middle, and three high schools (Casco Bay High School, Deering High School, and Portland High School).

neg: Lakeville Elementary School Lakeville Elementary School (commonly Lakeville School) is an American elementary school that was named a 2009 Blue Ribbon School of Excellence, the US Department of Education's highest award. It is located in The Village of Lake Success (within the Town of Great Neck), serving students in grades 1 through 5 as well as kindergarten. Kindergarten classes are held at the Parkville School, which is located in the nearby town of New Hyde Park.

neg: Shawsheen Valley Technical High School Shawsheen Valley Regional Vocational Technical High School is located in Billerica, Massachusetts. "Shawsheen Tech", or "Shaw Tech" is a public high school serving 5 towns: Burlington, Wilmington, Bedford, Tewksbury and Billerica making up most of the student body.

neg: Mt. Blue High School Mt. Blue High School is a public high school (grades 9–12) in Farmington, Maine, United States. The school is a part of the Mt. Blue Regional School District, and enrolls students from the Maine towns of Farmington, Weld, Temple, Wilton, Chesterville, New Vineyard, Industry, New Sharon, Starks,and Vienna. The school's athletic mascot is the cougar.

neg: Freetown (East Hampton) Freetown is an area in East Hampton (town), New York originally inhabited by freed slaves and Native Americans.

neg: Northeast State Community College Northeast State Community College is a public comprehensive community college based in Blountville, Tennessee, offering technical education and college transfer programs in Blountville and at teaching sites in Elizabethton, Gray, Johnson City, and Kingsport. The school strives to tailor its programs and services to meet the special needs of a diverse student body that numbers more than 6,000.

neg: Rye Neck Union Free School District The Rye Neck Union Free School District is the school district created to serve the public education needs of parts of Mamaroneck and Rye, New York.

neg: East Hampton High School East Hampton High School is a high school in East Hampton, New York. It is a part of the East Hampton Union Free School District.

neg: Abbey Park High School Abbey Park High School or APHS is a secondary school located in the town of Oakville, Ontario in the Greater Toronto Area. Abbey Park High School was opened at its present location in the wake of the closure of Queen Elizabeth Park High School, which was previously operating at its Bridge Road location, in Bronte. Abbey Park has more resources available to its students than other schools in the region because it inherited Queen Elizabeth Park's resources when it was closed. This allowed for the initial opening budget to be spent on new equipment. Students have open access to a weight room, library, and track. Abbey Park High School is also situated beside the Glen Abbey Community Centre, which houses the Glen Abbey branch of the Oakville Public Library.

neg: Drury High School Drury High School is a public school located in North Adams, Massachusetts. Part of the North Adams Public School District, it serves students in grades 8-12 from North Adams, and the towns of Clarksburg, Florida, Monroe, as well as from the Vermont towns of Readsboro, and Stamford.

neg: Newburyport High School Newburyport High School (NHS) is a public high school serving students in ninth through twelfth grades in Newburyport, Massachusetts and is part of the Newburyport Public School System. It was established in 1831 and is one of the oldest public schools in the United States of America.

neg: Clearview Regional High School Clearview Regional High School is a regional public high school serving students in ninth through twelfth grades from Harrison Township and Mantua Township, two communities in Gloucester County, New Jersey, United States, operating as part of the Clearview Regional High School District.

neg: Thunder Mountain High School Thunder Mountain High School is one of three public high schools in Juneau, Alaska. It was opened for the 2008–2009 school year. In its first year in operation it served grades 9–11; the Juneau School District wanted seniors (grade 12) to finish at their existing high schools. Thunder Mountain High School is located in the Mendenhall Valley section of Juneau and draws most of its students from this area, although under an open enrollment policy, high school students anywhere in the district may attend any of the three high schools.

neg: Shead High School Shead High School is a public high school in Eastport, Maine. The original Shead Memorial High School was dedicated in 1918 and that building lasted until 1980, when it was destroyed and the new building was completed. Shead was named to the 2009 "America's Best High Schools" list by "U.S. News and World Reports".

neg: Inter-Lakes High School Inter-Lakes High School is a high school in Meredith, New Hampshire. The school serves the towns of Meredith, Center Harbor, and Sandwich.

neg: Piscataway Township High School Piscataway Township High School is a four-year comprehensive community public high school serving students in ninth through twelfth grades from Piscataway Township in Middlesex County, New Jersey, United States, operating as the lone secondary school of the Piscataway Township Schools. The school is accredited by the New Jersey Department of Education and has been accredited by the Middle States Association of Colleges and Schools Commission on Secondary Schools since 1963. Piscataway Township High School is known for its exceptional football program; three former players were drafted in the first round of the National Football League draft in two years, the first time in history that such an event has occurred.

neg: West Morris Regional High School District The West Morris Regional High School District is a limited purpose regional public high school district in New Jersey that serves students from the surrounding Morris County communities of Chester Borough, Chester Township, Mendham Borough, Mendham Township and Washington Township. Elementary school students of the constituent municipalities attend separate K-8 school districts maintained by four of the five municipalities; Chester Borough and Chester Township schools are consolidated under the Chester Township Public School District and the remaining three municipalities each have their own districts (Mendham Borough Schools, Mendham Township Public Schools and Washington Township Schools).

neg: Five Towns The Five Towns is an informal grouping of villages and hamlets in Nassau County, United States on the South Shore of western Long Island adjoining the border with Queens County in New York City. Despite the name, none of these communities is a town. The Five Towns is usually said to comprise the villages of Lawrence and Cedarhurst, the hamlets of Woodmere and Inwood, and "The Hewletts", which consist of the villages of Hewlett Bay Park, Hewlett Harbor, and Hewlett Neck, and the hamlet of Hewlett, along with Woodsburgh. North Woodmere is technically not one one of the named "Five Towns" but many residents consider it as such because the entire area is served by the Five Towns' two local high schools. The "towns" most commonly included as constituents of the "Five Towns" are all in the southwest corner of the Town of Hempstead.


query: The Genesis Flood: The Biblical Record and its Scientific Implications is a 1961 book by Henry M. Morris, and which American theologian and young earth creationist, and his book has influenced many conservative American Christians to adopt Flood geology?

pos: The Genesis Flood The Genesis Flood: The Biblical Record and its Scientific Implications is a 1961 book by young earth creationists John C. Whitcomb and Henry M. Morris that, according to Ronald Numbers, elevated young earth creationism "to a position of fundamentalist orthodoxy."

pos: John C. Whitcomb John Clement Whitcomb, Jr. (born June 22, 1924 in Washington, D.C.) is an American theologian and young earth creationist. He is well known as the co-author with Henry M. Morris of "The Genesis Flood", which influenced many conservative American Christians to adopt Flood geology.

neg: The Moral Case for Fossil Fuels The Moral Case for Fossil Fuels is a 2014 book by American energy theorist Alex Epstein, in which the author argues that, although sometimes labeled as "immoral," the use of fossil fuels dramatically improves the overall progress of humanity, and improves life expectancy and income. The book was a "New York Times" and "Wall Street Journal" bestseller.

neg: Genesis flood narrative The Genesis flood narrative (chapters 6–9 in the Book of Genesis) is the Hebrew flood myth. The story tells of God's decision to return the Earth to its pre-creation state of watery chaos and then remake it in a reversal of creation.

neg: Scriptural geologist Scriptural geologists (or Mosaic geologists) were a heterogeneous group of writers in the early nineteenth century, who claimed "the primacy of literalistic biblical exegesis" and a short Young Earth time-scale. Their views were marginalised and ignored by the scientific community of their time. They "had much the same relationship to 'philosophical' (or scientific) geologists as their indirect descendants, the twentieth-century creationists." Paul Wood describes them as "mostly Anglican evangelicals" with "no institutional focus and little sense of commonality". They generally lacked any background in geology, and had little influence even in church circles.

neg: Geogony Geogony (or Geogeny) is an antiquated term used to refer to the, at the time, speculative science of the Earth's formation and history. The term was used in "Elementary Geology" an early geology book by Edward Hitchcock, eighth edition published in New York City by Mark H. Newman and Company in 1847.

neg: Leslie Weatherhead Leslie Dixon Weatherhead (14 October 1893 – 5 January 1976) was an English Christian theologian in the liberal Protestant tradition. Weatherhead was noted for his preaching ministry at City Temple in London and for his books, including "The Will of God", "The Christian Agnostic", and "Psychology, Religion, and Healing".

neg: Gordon J. F. MacDonald Gordon James Fraser MacDonald (July 30, 1929 – May 14, 2002) was an American geophysicist and environmental scientist, best known for his principled skepticism regarding continental drift (now called plate tectonics), involvement in the development of the McNamara Line electronic defense barrier during the Vietnam War, and early research and advocacy on manmade global climate change. MacDonald was admired for his creative mind, and his ability to connect scientific issues and matters of public policy.

neg: Henry C. Moses Dr. Henry Clay Moses (18 August 1941 – 16 April 2008) was an American educator. A teacher, college administrator, and school headmaster, he instituted important changes while the dean of freshmen at Harvard College and helped to lead Trinity School into its third century. A dedicated outdoorsman, he enjoyed running, cycling, backpacking, and mountain climbing.

neg: J. Laurence Kulp John Laurence Kulp (February 11, 1921 – September 25, 2006) was a 20th-century geochemist. He led major studies on the effects of nuclear fallout and acid rain. He was a prominent advocate in American Scientific Affiliation circles in favor of an Old Earth and against the pseudoscience of flood geology. Kulp died on September 25, 2006 at the age of 85.

neg: Reinhold Niebuhr Karl Paul Reinhold Niebuhr ( ; June 21, 1892June 1, 1971) was an American theologian, ethicist, commentator on politics and public affairs, and professor at Union Theological Seminary for more than 30 years. Niebuhr was one of America's leading public intellectuals for several decades of the 20th century and received the Presidential Medal of Freedom in 1964. A public theologian, he wrote and spoke frequently about the intersection of religion, politics, and public policy, with his most influential books including "Moral Man and Immoral Society" and "The Nature and Destiny of Man", the second of which Modern Library ranked one of the top 20 nonfiction books of the twentieth century. Andrew Bacevich labelled Niebuhr's book "The Irony of American History" "the most important book ever written on U.S. foreign policy." Historian Arthur Schlesinger Jr. described Niebuhr as "the most influential American theologian of the 20th century" and "Time" posthumously called Niebuhr "the greatest Protestant theologian in America since Jonathan Edwards."

neg: The Hockey Stick and the Climate Wars "The Hockey Stick and the Climate Wars: Dispatches from the Front Lines" is a 2012 book about climate change by the American climatologist and geophysicist Michael E. Mann. In the book Mann describes how he became a researcher investigating the temperature record of the past 1000 years and was lead author, with Raymond S. Bradley and Malcolm K. Hughes, on the 1999 reconstruction that was the first to be dubbed the hockey stick graph. He concisely explains the basics of climate science including statistical methodology dealing with paleoclimate proxy data, and examines the tactics which opponents of action on climate change use to distort the science and attack the reputations of climate scientists. The book describes both the hockey stick controversy and the broader context of skepticism in science and contrarians rejecting evidence of human influence on climate.

neg: Thomas H. Jukes Thomas Hughes Jukes (August 26, 1906 – November 1, 1999) was a British-American biologist known for his work in nutrition, molecular evolution, and for his public engagement with controversial scientific issues, including DDT, vitamin C and creationism. He was the co-author, with Jack Lester King, of the 1969 "Science" article "Non-Darwinian Evolution" which, along with Motoo Kimura's earlier publication, was the origin of the neutral theory of molecular evolution.

neg: Erskine Clarke Thomas Erskine Clarke is a Professor Emeritus of American Religious History at Columbia Theological Seminary, best known for his books "Dwelling Place" (2005) and "By the Rivers of Water" (2013).

neg: RATE project The RATE project (Radioisotopes and the Age of The Earth) was a research project conducted by the Creation Research Society and the Institute for Creation Research between 1997 and 2005 to assess the validity of radiometric dating and other dating techniques in the light of the doctrine of a recent creation. It was funded by $250,000 from the Institute for Creation Research and over $1 million in donations. The RATE team was chaired by Larry Vardiman (meteorology) and included Steven A. Austin (soft rock geology), John Baumgardner (geophysics), Steven W. Boyd (Hebrew), Eugene F. Chaffin (physics), Donald B. DeYoung (physics), Russell Humphreys (physics) and Andrew Snelling (hard rock geology).

neg: Project Steve Project Steve is a list of scientists with the given name Stephen/Steven or a variation thereof (e.g., Stephanie, Stefan, Esteban, etc.) who "support evolution". It was originally created by the National Center for Science Education as a "tongue-in-cheek parody" of creationist attempts to collect a list of scientists who "doubt evolution," such as the Answers in Genesis' list of scientists who accept the biblical account of the Genesis creation narrative or the Discovery Institute's "A Scientific Dissent From Darwinism". The list pokes fun at such endeavors to make it clear that, "We did not wish to mislead the public into thinking that scientific issues are decided by who has the longer list of scientists!" It also honors Stephen Jay Gould.

neg: John J. Davis (theologian) John J. Davis is an American theologian, archaeologist, and Christian educator. He was the President and Professor Emeritus at Grace Theological Seminary in Winona Lake, IN.

neg: J Harlen Bretz J Harlen Bretz (September 2, 1882 – February 3, 1981) was an American geologist, best known for his research that led to the acceptance of the Missoula Floods and for his work on caves. He was born to Oliver Joseph Bretz and Rhoda Maria Howlett, farmers in Saranac, Michigan, the oldest of five children. He earned a degree in biology from Albion College in 1905, where he also met his wife Fanny Chalis. Thereafter, he became interested in the geology of Eastern Washington State.

neg: Christian Science practitioner A Christian Science practitioner is an individual who prays for others according to the teachings of Christian Science. Treatment is non-medical, rather it is based on the Bible and the Christian Science textbook, "Science and Health with Key to the Scriptures" (1875) by Mary Baker Eddy (1821–1910), who "discovered" Christian Science in 1866 and founded the Christian Science church in 1879. According to the church, Christian Science practitioners address physical conditions, as well as relationship or financial difficulties and any other problem or crisis. Practitioners are either "listed" or "unlisted," a designation that refers to a form of international accreditation maintained by The Mother Church, in Boston, Massachusetts.

neg: Dennis MacDonald Dennis Ronald MacDonald is the John Wesley Professor of New Testament and Christian Origins at the Claremont School of Theology in California. MacDonald proposes a theory wherein the earliest books of the New Testament were responses to the Homeric Epics, including the Gospel of Mark and the Acts of the Apostles. The methodology he pioneered is called Mimesis Criticism. If his theories are correct then "nearly everything written on [the] early Christian narrative is flawed." According to him, modern biblical scholarship has failed to recognize the impact of Homeric Poetry.

neg: Lester Charles King Lester Charles King (1907–1989) was an English geologist and geomorphologist known for his theories on scarp retreat. He offered a very different view of the origin of continental landscaping than that of William Morris Davis. Studying at university in New Zealand King was a disciple of Charles Cotton who was heavily influenced by Davis. While King's ideas were an attempt at refuting Davis' cycle of erosion they were themselves of cyclical nature and contributed to what Cliff Ollier has called "Davis bashing" — the ridicule of cyclical theories in geomorphology, in particular Davis' ones. Critics did however not propose alternative models. For him, the weathering of physical factors in arid areas causes the erosion of the hills, the deposition of the weathered material (pediments) and the deposition of these material in lower altitudes, contributing to the formation of the pediplain. He was also an early proponent of continental drift, having lectured on this matter at a number of U.S. universities during a tour in 1958.

neg: Noah Diffenbaugh Noah S. Diffenbaugh is an American geoscientist and Professor of Earth System Science at Stanford University, where he is also a Kimmelman Family Senior Fellow. He is also the faculty moderator for Stanford's undergraduate-oriented Three Books Program.He is also a senior fellow at the Stanford Woods Institute for the Environment, an affiliate at the Precourt Institute for Energy, and the editor-in-chief of "Geophysical Research Letters". He is known for his research on the climate system, especially the effects of global warming on drought in California.